the_o like_a goodwill_n from_o they_o than_o by_o do_v they_o the_o same_o good_a office_n as_o often_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o our_o power_n which_o we_o desire_v they_o shall_v do_v for_o we_o and_o that_o this_o constitute_v the_o happy_a state_n man_n be_v capable_a of_o in_o this_o life_n viz._n peace_n and_o concord_n not_o only_o among_o particular_a man_n but_o also_o between_o all_o commonwealth_n and_o nation_n of_o which_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o mankind_n consist_v so_o that_o it_o evident_o appear_v that_o the_o true_a and_o natural_a state_n of_o mankind_n be_v that_o of_o peace_n love_n or_o mutual_a benevolence_n and_o which_o indeed_o will_v require_v no_o other_o reward_n than_o what_o proceed_v from_o itself_o be_v man_n a_o creature_n always_o govern_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o his_o own_o true_a good_a reward_v and_o punishment_n be_v ordain_v for_o man_n as_o too_o often_o govern_v by_o their_o passion_n and_o sensual_a appetite_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o perfection_n of_o their_o rational_a nature_n yet_o since_o it_o please_v god_n to_o create_v man_n a_o mix_a creature_n consist_v of_o a_o body_n and_o a_o soul_n and_o be_v too_o often_o draw_v aside_o by_o passion_n not_o direct_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o punishment_n as_o well_o as_o reward_n to_o keep_v he_o to_o his_o duty_n thence_o arise_v a_o necessity_n of_o his_o deal_n with_o man_n as_o a_o legislator_n and_o of_o give_v he_o certain_a natural_a law_n or_o rule_n whereby_o to_o govern_v his_o action_n with_o certain_a penalty_n and_o reward_n annex_v to_o they_o which_o law_n may_v be_v very_o well_o contract_v into_o one_o single_a proposition_n or_o practical_a conclusion_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n our_o own_o nature_n and_o that_o of_o thing_n without_o we_o by_o the_o observation_n already_o lay_v down_o viz._n that_o god_n will_n or_o command_n that_o all_o reasonable_a person_n shall_v endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n as_o the_o great_a end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v create_v and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o which_o consist_v their_o own_o true_a good_a or_o happiness_n as_o in_o its_o neglect_n or_o violation_n their_o great_a misery_n §_o 2._o have_v give_v you_o this_o summary_n description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o come_v from_o its_o first_o cause_n god_n i_o shall_v now_o explain_v the_o term_n therein_o contain_v to_o avoid_v all_o ambiguity_n and_o exception_n 1_o by_o will_n and_o command_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v any_o command_n by_o word_n that_o be_v the_o method_n of_o god_n reveal_v and_o not_o natural_a will_n and_o so_o be_v not_o the_o subject_a of_o this_o discourse_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v here_o only_o understand_v that_o will_n or_o command_n of_o god_n which_o be_v to_o be_v learn_v from_o the_o consideration_n of_o his_o divine_a nature_n our_o own_o and_o that_o of_o all_o other_o thing_n consist_v not_o in_o word_n but_o in_o idea_n that_o be_v true_a conclusion_n draw_v from_o right_a reason_n but_o that_o word_n be_v not_o always_o essential_a to_o a_o law_n or_o that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v know_v to_o the_o subject_n without_o some_o set_a form_n of_o speech_n may_v appear_v by_o person_n bear_v deaf_a and_o dumb_a who_o we_o often_o find_v to_o have_v notion_n of_o a_o god_n and_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n though_o they_o be_v not_o convey_v in_o their_o mind_n by_o word_n or_o write_v for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n may_v be_v discover_v by_o any_o other_o sit_v mean_n or_o sign_n especial_o when_o as_o in_o this_o law_n we_o now_o treat_v of_o there_o be_v such_o certain_a reward_n and_o punishment_n annex_v to_o their_o observation_n or_o transgression_n as_o may_v make_v it_o their_o interest_n rather_o to_o observe_v than_o transgress_v they_o which_o be_v not_o only_o visible_a in_o man_n but_o brute_n since_o we_o see_v that_o by_o certain_a sign_n imprint_v in_o their_o mind_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o fit_a reward_n and_o correction_n elephant_n horse_n dog_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v susceptible_a of_o humane_a command_n and_o as_o far_o as_o their_o nature_n permit_v be_v governable_a by_o law_n of_o our_o prescribe_v for_o we_o can_v show_v they_o by_o such_o sign_n what_o action_n be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v by_o they_o and_o certain_o god_n have_v not_o leave_v we_o less_o plain_a demonstration_n of_o his_o will_n in_o reference_n to_o our_o duty_n towards_o he_o from_o that_o knowledge_n he_o have_v give_v we_o of_o his_o existence_n as_o also_o of_o our_o own_o nature_n as_o i_o shall_v far_o prove_v in_o this_o discourse_n by_o rational_a person_n i_o mean_v all_o those_o though_o of_o never_o so_o mean_a a_o capacity_n who_o be_v able_a to_o make_v such_o easy_a and_o natural_a observation_n and_o conclusion_n as_o i_o have_v already_o lay_v down_o and_o therefore_o child_n under_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n idiot_n and_o mad-folk_n be_v still_o to_o be_v except_v from_o this_o law_n who_o not_o have_v the_o actual_a use_n of_o right_a reason_n be_v not_o able_a to_o draw_v those_o observation_n and_o consequence_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n as_o be_v already_o lay_v down_o and_o which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o right_a understanding_n thereof_o by_o endeavour_n i_o mean_v all_o such_o voluntary_a action_n which_o person_n of_o sound_a mind_n can_v know_o and_o deliberate_o perform_v towards_o the_o good_a of_o other_o without_o destroy_v or_o hurt_v their_o own_o true_a happiness_n which_o endeavour_n though_o by_o many_o unforeseen_a accident_n in_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n they_o may_v be_v often_o frustrate_v and_o so_o fail_v of_o their_o intend_a design_n yet_o when_o we_o have_v do_v the_o utmost_a we_o be_v able_a we_o have_v sufficient_o perform_v our_o duty_n since_o no_o law_n require_v the_o performance_n of_o more_o than_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o perform_v by_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n i_o understand_v the_o collective_a happiness_n of_o the_o deity_n as_o the_o head_n of_o they_o and_o that_o of_o all_o the_o individual_a person_n of_o mankind_n exist_v together_o with_o we_o as_o the_o constituent_a part_n or_o member_n and_o in_o which_o each_o man_n be_v particular_a good_a and_o happiness_n be_v include_v since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o endeavour_v the_o happiness_n of_o other_o as_o voluntary_a agent_n unless_o each_o particular_a person_n who_o duty_n it_o be_v so_o to_o do_v have_v first_o a_o right_a to_o preserve_v and_o make_v himself_o happy_a joint_o with_o other_o in_o his_o proportion_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o mankind_n by_o true_a good_a or_o happiness_n i_o mean_v all_o those_o good_n whether_o of_o body_n or_o mind_n by_o which_o man_n may_v be_v render_v true_o happy_a and_o content_v in_o this_o life_n and_o in_o that_o to_o come_v but_o in_o which_o whenever_o the_o former_a stand_n in_o competition_n with_o the_o latter_a the_o good_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v that_o be_v the_o good_a of_o our_o better_a or_o eternal_a part_n before_o that_o of_o our_o body_n which_o be_v less_o valuable_a and_o temporal_a but_o i_o need_v add_v nothing_o here_o to_o prove_v that_o god_n be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o rational_a being_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n we_o may_v be_v say_v to_o procure_v or_o endeavour_v his_o good_a and_o happiness_n since_o i_o have_v speak_v so_o large_o of_o that_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o this_o discourse_n and_o as_o for_o the_o difference_n between_o natural_a and_o moral_a good_a i_o have_v say_v so_o much_o concern_v it_o in_o the_o second_o part_n in_o the_o confutation_n of_o mr._n h_n six_o principle_n that_o by_o nature_n nothing_o be_v good_a or_o evil_a that_o it_o will_v be_v impertinent_a to_o repeat_v it_o here_o i_o shall_v now_o prove_v that_o this_o proposition_n contain_v this_o description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v true_a that_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v declare_v to_o we_o by_o what_o we_o be_v able_a to_o know_v of_o his_o divine_a nature_n or_o can_v collect_v from_o our_o own_o and_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o we_o and_o that_o all_o the_o moral_a duty_n we_o owe_v either_o to_o god_n ourselves_o or_o other_o be_v contain_v in_o or_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o this_o one_o proposition_n of_o our_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n in_o order_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o these_o proposition_n §_o 3._o 1._o that_o god_n in_o the_o first_o place_n will_n and_o intend_v his_o own_o glory_n and_o service_n and_o in_o the_o next_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o all_o mankind_n and_o of_o all_o particular_a person_n
within_o that_o law_n but_o in_o humane_a law_n because_o they_o may_v enjoin_v something_o amiss_o there_o a_o right_n be_v often_o leave_v to_o we_o to_o choose_v rather_o to_o bear_v the_o penalty_n than_o to_o obey_v they_o because_o we_o be_v oblige_v rather_o to_o obey_v god_n than_o man_n in_o case_n they_o command_v any_o action_n contrary_a to_o the_o divine_a law_n whether_o natural_a or_o reveal_v §_o 8._o for_o the_o further_a clear_v of_o this_o i_o shall_v premise_v somewhat_o to_o explain_v this_o word_n obligation_n which_o the_o civilian_n thus_o define_v obligatio_fw-la est_fw-la vinculum_fw-la juris_fw-la quo_fw-la quis_fw-la astringitur_fw-la debitum_fw-la persolvere_fw-la that_o be_v a_o obligation_n be_v that_o bond_n of_o law_n whereby_o every_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v his_o debt_n or_o due_a which_o definition_n do_v well_o include_v all_o sort_n of_o obligation_n if_o by_o the_o word_n ius_n or_o law_n we_o understand_v that_o law_n who_o obligation_n we_o propose_v to_o define_v so_o that_o by_o vinculum_fw-la juris_fw-la in_o this_o definition_n we_o understand_v that_o bond_n or_o tie_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o which_o every_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v this_o natural_a debt_n i._n e._n to_o perform_v that_o duty_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o god_n his_o creator_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o own_o rational_a nature_n or_o else_o to_o undergo_v those_o punishment_n which_o be_v ordain_v for_o his_o disobedience_n or_o neglect_v so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a tie_n or_o obligation_n in_o all_o law_n the_o one_o active_a in_o the_o debt_n or_o duty_n the_o other_o passive_a in_o a_o patient_a submission_n to_o the_o punishment_n in_o case_n of_o any_o wilful_a neglect_n or_o omission_n thereof_o of_o both_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o their_o order_n §_o 9_o but_o you_o be_v first_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o none_o can_v oblige_v we_o to_o do_v or_o forbear_v any_o action_n but_o such_o who_o have_v a_o right_a to_o command_v we_o so_o that_o this_o obligation_n proceed_v from_o that_o just_a right_n of_o dominion_n which_o a_o superior_a power_n have_v over_o we_o and_o our_o action_n and_o as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v subject_a to_o other_o we_o be_v so_o far_o under_o a_o obligation_n to_o their_o lawful_a command_n which_o oblige_v we_o to_o a_o discharge_n of_o that_o debt_n or_o duty_n we_o owe_v they_o that_o be_v when_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v or_o forbear_v any_o action_n from_o the_o will_n or_o command_v of_o a_o supreme_a power_n or_o legislator_n to_o who_o when_o sufficient_o make_v know_v to_o we_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n and_o herein_o consist_v the_o obligation_n or_o duty_n viz._n in_o the_o conformity_n of_o our_o action_n to_o a_o rule_n such_o as_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n so_o that_o all_o our_o obligation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v at_o last_o resolve_v into_o that_o absolute_a dominion_n which_o god_n as_o he_o be_v the_o great_a creator_n and_o preserver_n of_o mankind_n have_v over_o we_o for_o i_o can_v understand_v a_o right_n especial_o of_o dominion_n to_o be_v invest_v or_o seat_v in_o any_o supreme_a power_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o something_o which_o may_v be_v call_v at_o least_o analogical_o a_o law_n 2._o that_o every_o dictate_v of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n concern_v matter_n fit_a to_o be_v establish_v by_o a_o law_n be_v such_o a_o law_n and_o so_o cicero_n the_o best_a master_n of_o language_n speak_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la 3._o that_o the_o eternal_a wisdom_n of_o god_n contain_v eminent_o or_o analogical_o in_o it_o all_o that_o we_o can_v know_v to_o be_v natural_a law_n 4._o but_o to_o know_v that_o it_o be_v natural_a law_n or_o the_o dictate_v of_o true_a reason_n concern_v the_o fit_a mean_n to_o the_o best_a end_n or_o great_a good_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o this_o purpose_n that_o the_o supreme_a government_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o especial_o of_o rational_a creature_n shall_v be_v in_o he_o who_o be_v most_o able_a and_o willing_a to_o pursue_v and_o attain_v that_o great_a end_n that_o be_v it_o must_v be_v settle_v in_o god._n 5._o so_o that_o by_o this_o dictate_v of_o eternal_a wisdom_n or_o of_o perform_v all_o thing_n for_o the_o best_a end_n the_o sovereignty_n become_v his_o right_n and_o our_o knowledge_n that_o this_o dictate_v of_o eternal_a wisdom_n be_v in_o he_o assure_v we_o that_o this_o right_n be_v immutable_o fix_v and_o vest_v in_o he_o 6._o although_o in_o the_o method_n of_o investigate_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o they_o subsist_v in_o our_o mind_n the_o first_o law_n respect_v the_o end_n and_o this_o concern_v the_o mean_n come_v in_o the_o second_o place_n yet_o in_o our_o thought_n concern_v god_n we_o know_v that_o infinite_a wisdom_n comprehend_v all_o these_o dictate_v together_o and_o therefore_o that_o the_o dictate_v or_o law_n settle_v universal_a dominion_n in_o god_n be_v coeternal_a with_o he_o and_o so_o be_v as_o early_o in_o his_o nature_n as_o the_o first_o natural_a law_n the_o obligation_n of_o which_o we_o be_v establish_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o here_o arise_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o moral_a obligation_n which_o be_v that_o we_o now_o treat_v of_o and_o a_o civil_a one_o or_o that_o by_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o law_n in_o civil_a government_n the_o former_a be_v in_o respect_n to_o god_n immediate_a will_n as_o the_o supreme_a legislator_n whereas_o all_o the_o duty_n we_o owe_v to_o our_o civil_a magistrate_n parent_n and_o master_n etc._n etc._n be_v only_o in_o subordination_n to_o ggd_n will_n so_o declare_v unto_o we_o and_o who_o have_v ordain_v this_o obedience_n for_o his_o own_o worship_n and_o glory_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o humane_a society_n and_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v of_o mankind_n in_o general_n §_o 10._o yet_o i_o think_v notwithstanding_o all_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o force_n and_o nature_n of_o this_o obligation_n it_o may_v well_o enough_o consist_v with_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o man_n will_n since_o all_o these_o consideration_n do_v still_o but_o excite_v not_o necessitate_v he_o to_o act_v one_o way_n or_o other_o for_o it_o be_v still_o leave_v in_o his_o power_n either_o to_o choose_v that_o which_o be_v absolute_o the_o best_a in_o obey_v this_o will_n of_o god_n or_o else_o to_o prefer_v a_o less_o present_a good_a before_o it_o in_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o appetite_n or_o passion_n and_o herein_o likewise_o consist_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o animal_n good_a or_o evil_a and_o a_o moral_a one_o the_o former_a be_v those_o natural_a mean_n conduce_v to_o each_o man_n preservation_n or_o destruction_n consider_v as_o a_o mere_a animal_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o god_n as_o their_o author_n or_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n as_o their_o rule_n the_o latter_a that_o be_v of_o all_o humane_a moral_a action_n or_o habit_n consider_v as_o agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n ordain_v by_o god_n as_o a_o legislator_n and_o make_v know_v to_o man_n in_o order_n to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n so_o that_o they_o be_v thus_o moral_o good_a or_o evil_a only_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o conformity_n or_o disagreement_n with_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o as_o their_o observance_n or_o neglect_v bring_v either_o good_a or_o evil_a that_o be_v happiness_n or_o misery_n upon_o we_o in_o this_o life_n or_o in_o that_o to_o come_v from_o whence_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o necessity_n of_o put_v god_n in_o all_o our_o description_n or_o definition_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o the_o author_n thereof_o for_o be_v it_o not_o for_o his_o existence_n in_o who_o divine_a intellect_n the_o idea_n of_o moral_a good_a and_o evil_a be_v eternal_o establish_v and_o into_o who_o will_n so_o ordain_v they_o they_o be_v ultimate_o to_o be_v resolve_v mr._n h.'s_n or_o rather_o epicurus_n assertion_n will_v certain_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o moral_o good_a or_o evil_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n and_o it_o may_v here_o be_v also_o observe_v that_o the_o great_a omission_n of_o divers_a writer_n on_o this_o subject_a in_o not_o place_v god_n as_o the_o cause_n or_o author_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o their_o definition_n have_v be_v perhaps_o the_o main_a if_o not_o only_a reason_n of_o that_o false_a assertion_n that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o proper_o so_o till_o they_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o it_o be_v make_v evident_a that_o god_n will_n or_o command_v all_o man_n shall_v
right_a understanding_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n nay_o christianity_n itself_o but_o for_o a_o conclusion_n to_o the_o preface_n i_o have_v also_o make_v some_o addition_n wherein_o i_o have_v show_v your_o principle_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a be_v not_o a_o new_a invention_n but_o that_o which_o several_a great_a man_n have_v before_o deliver_v as_o the_o only_a firm_a rule_n by_o which_o to_o try_v not_o only_o all_o our_o moral_a action_n but_o all_o civil_a law_n whether_o they_o be_v right_a and_o just_a that_o be_v agreeable_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o not_o and_o i_o have_v also_o conclude_v it_o with_o a_o set_n of_o principle_n very_o necessary_a to_o be_v understand_v for_o the_o prove_v the_o truth_n of_o all_o natural_a religion_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n though_o the_o two_o last_o alone_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o your_o lordship_n book_n as_o well_o as_o of_o my_o abridgement_n of_o it_o but_o to_o speak_v more_o particular_o of_o the_o discourse_n 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of_o the_o heathen_a philosopher_n above_o all_o other_o knowledge_n whether_o natural_a or_o civil_a and_o that_o deserve_o as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o usefulness_n as_o certainty_n since_o it_o be_v to_o that_o alone_a as_o most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o natural_a faculty_n of_o mankind_n that_o man_n before_o they_o be_v assist_v by_o divine_a revelation_n owe_v the_o discovery_n of_o their_o natural_a duty_n to_o god_n themselves_o and_o all_o other_o as_o cicero_n have_v show_v we_o at_o large_a in_o those_o three_o excellent_a treatise_n de_fw-fr officiis_n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la and_o though_o i_o grant_v we_o christian_n have_v now_o clear_a and_o high_a discovery_n of_o all_o moral_a duty_n by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n yet_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a religion_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n still_o of_o great_a use_n to_o we_o as_o well_o for_o the_o confirmation_n as_o illustration_n of_o all_o those_o duty_n 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or_o reason_v as_o it_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v render_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n accuse_v or_o excuse_v each_o other_o and_o indeed_o the_o apostle_n suppose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n as_o a_o rewarder_n of_o good_a work_n as_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o natural_a as_o well_o as_o reveal_v religion_n and_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o save_a faith_n as_o appear_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o hebrew_n chap._n 11._o v._n 6._o but_o without_o faith_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o please_v he_o for_o he_o that_o come_v unto_o god_n must_v first_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o rewarder_n of_o all_o they_o that_o diligent_o seek_v he_o but_o i_o need_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o natural_a religion_n and_o how_o necessary_a it_o be_v to_o the_o true_a knowledge_n of_o the_o reveal_v since_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a dr._n wilkins_n late_a bishop_n of_o chester_n have_v so_o well_o perform_v that_o noble_a undertake_n in_o that_o excellent_a 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well_o in_o their_o way_n so_o i_o think_v none_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n than_o that_o excellent_a work_n of_o grotius_n the_o elder_a which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o in_o its_o kind_n so_o it_o be_v worthy_a of_o endure_v as_o long_o as_o virtue_n and_o justice_n shall_v be_v in_o esteem_n among_o mankind_n and_o though_o the_o objection_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v bring_v against_o this_o method_n of_o prove_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a moment_n as_o to_o render_v it_o altogether_o fallacious_a or_o useless_a as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v yet_o i_o free_o acknowledge_v they_o can_v chief_o serve_v to_o convince_v man_n of_o sincere_a and_o honest_a mind_n and_o who_o be_v natural_o dispose_v to_o virtue_n and_o right_a reason_n so_o that_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v more_o useful_a as_o well_o as_o certain_a to_o seek_v for_o a_o firm_a and_o clear_a demonstration_n thereof_o from_o a_o strict_a search_n and_o inquisition_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o also_o of_o our_o own_o self_n by_o which_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o we_o may_v attain_v not_o only_o to_o a_o true_a knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o of_o that_o true_a principle_n on_o which_o they_o be_v found_v and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v all_o derive_v but_o it_o will_v not_o consist_v with_o the_o narrow_a bound_n of_o a_o preface_n to_o propose_v and_o answer_v all_o the_o objection_n that_o may_v be_v make_v against_o their_o method_n of_o prove_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n neither_o perhaps_o can_v it_o be_v do_v at_o all_o to_o the_o universal_a satisfaction_n even_o of_o indifferent_a person_n since_o it_o may_v be_v still_o urge_v by_o those_o that_o do_v not_o admit_v they_o that_o although_o some_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n may_v be_v indeed_o approve_v of_o by_o our_o understand_n and_o
their_o nature_n §_o 11._o all_o creature_n express_v a_o delight_n in_o the_o society_n of_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n some_o case_n or_o interval_n wherein_o nature_n seem_v to_o act_v otherwise_o no_o contradiction_n to_o this_o general_a rule_n §_o 12._o all_o animal_n impel_v by_o the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o their_o part_n to_o a_o love_n of_o those_o of_o a_o different_a sex_n and_o to_o a_o natural_a affection_n to_o their_o offspring_n §_o 13._o all_o animal_n take_v delight_n in_o the_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n joy_n desire_v etc._n etc._n as_o helpful_a to_o their_o natural_a constitution_n whereas_o the_o contrary_a passion_n when_o inordinate_a be_v high_o destructive_a to_o it_o §_o 14._o mr._n h._n can_v deny_v these_o natural_a propension_n and_o therefore_o be_v force_v to_o suppose_v somewhat_o in_o man_n nature_n that_o render_v he_o more_o unsociable_a than_o brute_n §_o 15._o other_o peculiar_a observation_n relate_v to_o man_n whereby_o he_o be_v make_v more_o capable_a of_o promote_a the_o common_a good_a as_o first_o from_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o brain_n in_o man_n than_o in_o brute_n §_o 16._o 2._o from_o the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o their_o blood_n and_o spermatick_a vessel_n from_o whence_o arise_v a_o necessity_n of_o marriage_n and_o of_o a_o more_o constant_a and_o last_a love_n to_o their_o offspring_n §_o 17._o 3._o from_o the_o wonderful_a structure_n of_o man_n hand_n it_o be_v prove_v that_o this_o instrument_n be_v give_v we_o for_o some_o more_o noble_a use_n than_o bare_a self-preservation_n §_o 18._o last_o from_o the_o upright_a posture_n of_o man_n body_n and_o way_n of_o motion_n §_o 19_o the_o next_o set_v of_o observation_n tend_v to_o prove_v man_n more_o fit_v for_o the_o promote_a of_o this_o common_a good_a be_v take_v from_o the_o natural_a and_o peculiar_a faculty_n of_o man_n soul_n above_o those_o of_o brute_n and_o 1._o from_o that_o of_o deduce_a effect_n from_o their_o cause_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la especial_o in_o that_o of_o distinguish_v of_o real_a or_o natural_a from_o apparent_a good_n §_o 20._o what_o be_v understand_v by_o we_o by_o a_o natural_a or_o moral_a good_a or_o evil._n certain_a axiom_n for_o the_o plain_a understanding_n their_o nature_n and_o degree_n §_o 21._o how_o we_o arrive_v to_o a_o idea_n of_o a_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o creature_n and_o also_o to_o a_o notion_n of_o the_o general_a or_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n §_o 22._o speech_n and_o the_o invention_n of_o letter_n peculiar_a faculty_n of_o man_n nature_n §_o 23._o and_o the_o great_a benefit_n arise_v from_o thence_o in_o order_n to_o the_o common_a good_a §_o 24._o man_n do_v infinite_o exceed_v beast_n in_o their_o discursive_a faculty_n as_o also_o in_o the_o knowledge_n and_o use_n of_o number_n §_o 25._o as_o also_o in_o the_o power_n of_o understanding_n the_o different_a quantity_n and_o proportion_n between_o body_n which_o we_o call_v geometry_n §_o 26._o the_o two_o great_a remain_a prerogative_n of_o humane_a soul_n freedom_n of_o will_n as_o to_o moral_a action_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n §_o 27_o 28._o what_o knowledge_n we_o can_v have_v of_o his_o attribute_n which_o can_v never_o be_v true_o understand_v but_o with_o respect_n to_o their_o great_a end_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o universe_n §_o 29._o the_o content_n of_o the_o three_o chapter_n a_o brief_a recapitulation_n of_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o a_o sum_n up_o all_o those_o observation_n into_o a_o general_a proposition_n of_o god_n willing_a and_o command_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n as_o the_o main_a end_n of_o all_o our_o action_n §_o 1._o a_o brief_a explanation_n of_o the_o term_n of_o our_o description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o word_n be_v not_o always_o essential_a to_o law_n §_o 2._o that_o all_o moral_a truth_n or_o duty_n as_o declare_v by_o god_n be_v contain_v in_o this_o one_o proposition_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a certain_a principle_n lay_v down_o for_o the_o prove_v it_o §_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6._o that_o this_o be_v once_o discover_v to_o we_o we_o lie_v under_o a_o sufficient_a obligation_n to_o observe_v this_o proposition_n as_o a_o natural_a law_n with_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o term_n obligation_n and_o who_o have_v authority_n to_o oblige_v we_o §_o 7_o 8_o 9_o yet_o that_o this_o obligation_n may_v well_o consist_v with_o the_o freedom_n of_o our_o will_n the_o difference_n between_o a_o mere_a animal_n and_o a_o rational_a or_o natural_a good_a the_o neglect_n of_o which_o distinction_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o epicurus_n and_o mr._n h_n error_n §_o 10._o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o obligation_n to_o this_o law_n viz._n its_o sanction_n by_o reward_n and_o punishment_n certain_a axiom_n necessary_a to_o be_v know_v in_o order_n to_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o true_a nature_n of_o a_o moral_a good_a or_o evil_a and_o of_o man_n true_a happiness_n and_o perfection_n with_o its_o difference_n from_o that_o of_o other_o being_n §_o 11._o that_o though_o all_o moral_a obligation_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o reward_n or_o punishment_n yet_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o humane_a nature_n it_o be_v insignificant_a without_o they_o with_o a_o scale_n of_o nature_n show_v the_o difference_n between_o vegetable_n and_o inanimate_a body_n and_o between_o man_n and_o brute_n §_o 12._o the_o strict_a sanction_n and_o consequent_o obligation_n to_o all_o law_n consist_v in_o reward_n and_o punishment_n due_o distribute_v god_n right_a of_o dominion_n not_o to_o be_v resolve_v into_o his_o irresistible_a power_n §_o 13._o the_o internal_a reward_n ordain_v by_o god_n in_o nature_n be_v first_o the_o inward_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o also_o the_o pleasure_n all_o man_n take_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n etc._n etc._n §_o 14_o 15._o the_o external_a reward_n be_v all_o the_o like_a return_n of_o this_o benevolence_n from_o other_o with_o the_o praise_n or_o commendation_n of_o all_o good_a man_n together_o with_o the_o peace_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n §_o 16_o 17._o last_o from_o god_n soundness_n of_o mind_n and_o body_n with_o all_o those_o outward_a blessing_n he_o usual_o bestow_v on_o the_o peaceable_a and_o virtuous_a with_o a_o solution_n to_o the_o difficulty_n why_o god_n often_o afflict_v good_a man_n §_o 18._o the_o internal_a punishment_n ordain_v by_o god_n for_o the_o transgression_n of_o this_o law_n be_v the_o absence_n or_o privation_n of_o the_o former_a good_a thing_n which_o be_v a_o evil_a and_o a_o punishment_n §_o 19_o error_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o passion_n a_o real_a evil_n and_o a_o internal_a punishment_n §_o 20._o 3._o that_o such_o evil_a action_n can_v but_o be_v often_o displease_v to_o the_o person_n that_o do_v they_o §_o 21._o 4._o that_o vice_n and_o crime_n seldom_o come_v alone_o but_o let_v in_o a_o train_n of_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n or_o worse_o along_o with_o they_o §_o 22._o 5._o that_o such_o a_o offender_n can_v get_v out_o of_o this_o state_n when_o he_o will_v at_o least_o not_o without_o the_o trouble_n of_o repentance_n §_o 23._o 6._o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n both_o from_o god_n and_o man_n §_o 24._o the_o external_a punishment_n be_v 1._o the_o evil_n that_fw-mi happen_v to_o the_o body_n from_o violent_a and_o unsociable_a passion_n §_o 25._o the_o second_o those_o return_n of_o hatred_n or_o contempt_n which_o all_o such_o man_n must_v expect_v from_o other_o §_o 26._o the_o 3d._n return_v of_o revenge_n from_o those_o they_o have_v injure_v §_o 27._o last_o those_o punishment_n which_o be_v often_o inflict_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n all_o which_o natural_a punishment_n mr._n h._n himself_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o god_n §_o 28._o that_o where_o these_o punishment_n fail_v in_o this_o life_n they_o will_v be_v supply_v by_o other_o infinite_o more_o grievous_a and_o durable_a in_o that_o to_o come_v §_o 29._o a_o brief_a recapitulation_n of_o this_o chapter_n that_o this_o proposition_n of_o our_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a etc._n etc._n be_v true_o a_o law_n as_o contain_v all_o the_o condition_n requisite_a thereunto_o §_o 30._o the_o content_n of_o the_o four_o chapter_n a_o brief_a repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n that_o no_o man_n can_v have_v a_o right_a to_o preserve_v his_o own_o life_n but_o as_o it_o conduce_v to_o the_o common_a good_a etc._n etc._n that_o in_o all_o society_n the_o good_a of_o the_o lesser_a part_n must_v give_v place_n and_o be_v subordinate_a to_o that_o of_o the_o great_a §_o 1._o that_o a_o due_a consideration_n of_o this_o law_n will_v lead_v we_o to_o a_o
the_o nature_n of_o this_o be_v before_o other_o which_o effect_n likewise_o discover_v to_o we_o the_o hide_a power_n and_o intrinsic_a nature_n of_o thing_n these_o strike_v upon_o our_o sense_n and_o beget_v a_o knowledge_n in_o we_o of_o those_o thing_n from_o whence_o they_o flow_v which_o good_n i_o grant_v may_v be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o divers_a nature_n of_o those_o being_n which_o they_o respect_v thus_o a_o suitable_a soil_n air_n and_o moisture_n be_v natural_o good_a for_o plant_n because_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o their_o nature_n and_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n growth_n and_o perfection_n so_o likewise_o convenient_a food_n health_n and_o liberty_n be_v natural_o good_a for_o a_o animal_n since_o they_o serve_v for_o their_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v to_o live_v so_o likewise_o that_o be_v also_o good_a for_o man_n which_o preserve_v and_o increase_v the_o power_n of_o his_o mind_n and_o body_n without_o do_v hurt_v to_o or_o prejudice_v any_o other_o of_o his_o own_o kind_n nor_o do_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n make_v these_o rule_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o one_o or_o a_o few_o creature_n of_o a_o sort_n but_o be_v able_a from_o the_o knowledge_n it_o have_v of_o singular_n to_o make_v certain_a general_a proposition_n or_o conclusion_n concern_v what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_a for_o the_o whole_a species_n or_o kind_a who_o nature_n he_o have_v inquire_v into_o because_o since_o there_o be_v the_o same_o general_a nature_n in_o every_o one_o of_o the_o individual_n of_o this_o or_o that_o kind_a the_o true_a happiness_n of_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o be_v once_o know_v it_o be_v easy_a likewise_o to_o know_v what_o share_n and_o kind_n of_o happiness_n be_v to_o be_v desire_v by_o all_o of_o they_o for_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o knowledge_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o will_n by_o sedate_n and_o regular_a affection_n as_o also_o the_o health_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o body_n in_o which_o the_o true_a happiness_n of_o any_o particular_a man_n do_v chief_o consist_v do_v also_o comprehend_v if_o universal_o consider_v the_o common_a happiness_n of_o all_o man_n that_o ever_o have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v bear_v which_o also_o may_v be_v affirm_v concern_v the_o mean_n to_o these_o natural_a good_n and_o which_o be_v require_v as_o necessary_a to_o all_o mankind_n such_o as_o food_n exercise_n sleep_v and_o the_o like_a and_o this_o because_o of_o the_o identity_n between_o the_o part_n and_o the_o whole_a that_o be_v between_o the_o nature_n of_o any_o one_o or_o more_o man_n with_o that_o whole_a systeme_n of_o rational_a agent_n comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n and_o idea_n of_o mankind_n from_o whence_o it_o also_o follow_v that_o whatsoever_o do_v good_a to_o one_o member_n or_o part_n of_o this_o aggregate_v body_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v unhurt_a or_o unprejudiced_a thereby_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o do_v good_a to_o the_o whole_a aggregate_v body_n of_o mankind_n which_o consideration_n may_v excite_v we_o to_o a_o due_a care_n of_o ourselves_o provide_v it_o be_v not_o prejudicial_a to_o other_o from_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n analogical_o unto_o this_o we_o may_v also_o judge_v that_o to_o promote_v the_o efficacy_n of_o god_n natural_a right_n to_o rule_v ourselves_o and_o all_o other_o rational_a creature_n be_v to_o perform_v a_o thing_n good_a or_o grateful_a to_o god_n as_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o world_n and_o this_o we_o do_v by_o a_o due_a care_n to_o promote_v obedience_n to_o his_o own_o law_n either_o in_o ourselves_o or_o other_o and_o therefore_o though_o we_o so_o far_o agree_v with_o mr._n h._n that_o that_o may_v be_v call_v good_a which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o any_o other_o be_v and_o so_o must_v be_v mean_v relative_o yet_o do_v not_o this_o always_o refer_v to_o the_o appetite_n of_o he_o that_o desire_v it_o nor_o yet_o to_o the_o irrational_a opinion_n of_o any_o one_o or_o more_o man_n if_o they_o judge_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o nature_n or_o reason_n and_o therefore_o though_o a_o wench_n that_o have_v the_o green-sickness_n by_o reason_n of_o her_o deprave_a appetite_n may_v fancy_v tobacco-pipe_n or_o charcoal_n to_o have_v a_o excellent_a relish_n and_o so_o to_o be_v good_a for_o she_o yet_o will_v not_o her_o think_v so_o make_v they_o become_v a_o wholesome_a nourishment_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o any_o action_n or_o vice_n which_o a_o vicious_a or_o unreasonable_a man_n may_v take_v pleasure_n in_o such_o as_o drunkenness_n whoredom_n etc._n etc._n which_o howsoever_o they_o may_v please_v he_o at_o the_o present_a yet_o will_v certain_o in_o time_n destroy_v he_o in_o this_o life_n or_o in_o that_o to_o come_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a which_o mr._n h._n here_o lay_v down_o that_o all_o good_a and_o evil_a be_v only_o to_o be_v take_v in_o respect_n of_o he_o who_o at_o that_o time_n it_o please_v or_o displease_v whereas_o every_o rational_a man_n ought_v first_o right_o to_o judge_v what_o thing_n be_v good_a and_o then_o to_o desire_v they_o because_o they_o be_v real_o so_o that_o be_v because_o their_o natural_a power_n or_o effect_n be_v real_o helpful_a or_o agreeable_a to_o our_o nature_n and_o to_o consider_v a_o private_a good_a as_o that_o which_o profit_v one_o person_n and_o a_o common_a good_a as_o it_o profit_v many_o and_o that_o not_o because_o it_o be_v at_o that_o instant_n desire_v and_o approve_v of_o out_o of_o a_o deprave_a appetite_n or_o wanton_a humour_n it_o be_v only_o the_o part_n of_o brute_n madman_n and_o fool_n to_o measure_v the_o goodness_n of_o thing_n or_o action_n by_o their_o present_a lust_n without_o any_o government_n of_o reason_n or_o thought_n of_o the_o future_a §_o 6._o but_o mr._n h._n himself_o do_v sometime_o talk_v more_o sober_o and_o though_o he_o do_v here_o as_o also_o elsewhere_o inculcate_v that_o every_o thing_n be_v either_o good_a or_o evil_a according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o person_n that_o so_o judge_v it_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n or_o else_o in_o a_o civil_a state_n of_o the_o person_n that_o represent_v the_o commonwealth_n yet_o in_o his_o leviathan_n chap._n 30._o when_o he_o reckon_v up_o the_o office_n of_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n he_o make_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a to_o be_v the_o make_n of_o good_a law_n now_o he_o there_o tell_v we_o a_o good_a law_n be_v that_o which_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n and_o withal_o perspicuous_a and_o a_o little_a far_o he_o thus_o go_v on_o and_o therefore_o a_o law_n that_o be_v not_o needful_a have_v not_o the_o true_a end_n of_o a_o law_n be_v not_o good_a a_o law_n may_v be_v conceive_v to_o be_v good_a when_o it_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sovereign_n though_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o people_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o where_o you_o see_v the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v certain_o that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o many_o be_v here_o acknowledge_v by_o he_o and_o propose_v as_o the_o main_a end_n of_o the_o legislator_n duty_n but_o this_o end_n be_v thus_o propose_v the_o true_a nature_n of_o it_o be_v first_o to_o be_v know_v and_o determine_v before_o the_o law_n can_v prescribe_v what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n for_o the_o people_n so_o likewise_o chap._n 14._o §_o 4._o of_o his_o de_n cive_z speaking_z concern_v the_o rule_n of_o right_a judgement_n in_o a_o civil_a state_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o prescribe_v any_o universal_a rule_n whereby_o all_o controversy_n which_o will_v be_v infinite_a may_v be_v judge_v it_o be_v still_o understand_v in_o every_o case_n pretermit_v by_o the_o write_a law_n that_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a equity_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v where_o you_o see_v he_o grant_v that_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a equity_n may_v be_v know_v and_o follow_v and_o that_o divers_a more_o case_n may_v be_v determine_v from_o thence_o than_o can_v be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n themselves_o but_o we_o do_v only_o so_o far_o contend_v with_o he_o that_o some_o rule_n of_o equity_n may_v be_v so_o evident_o and_o natural_o know_v that_o all_o honest_a and_o sincere_a man_n can_v at_o all_o differ_v about_o they_o though_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o free_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a thing_n so_o indifferent_a that_o no_o human_a reason_n can_v universal_o determine_v that_o it_o be_v more_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a good_a that_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v or_o a_o case_n judge_v this_o way_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o §_o 7._o have_v state_v what_o we_o
or_o felicity_n of_o the_o people_n and_o sure_o this_o can_v have_v no_o foundation_n but_o as_o the_o felicity_n of_o any_o particular_a people_n or_o nation_n be_v contain_v in_o general_a or_o the_o common_a good_a and_o happiness_n of_o rational_a being_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o our_o faculty_n be_v not_o fit_v to_o pierce_v into_o the_o internal_a fabric_n and_o real_a essence_n of_o body_n as_o the_o abovementioned_a author_n of_o the_o essay_n of_o humane_a understanding_n have_v very_o well_o observe_v yet_o in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o also_o grant_v that_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v of_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o discover_v to_o we_o the_o be_v of_o a_o god_n and_o of_o a_o divine_a providence_n and_o that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o ourselves_o and_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o thing_n be_v sufficient_a to_o lead_v we_o into_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a discovery_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o he_o as_o be_v the_o great_a concernment_n of_o our_o life_n and_o that_o it_o become_v we_o as_o rational_a creature_n to_o employ_v our_o faculty_n about_o what_o they_o be_v most_o adapt_v to_o and_o follow_v the_o direction_n of_o nature_n where_o it_o seem_v to_o point_v we_o out_o the_o way_n so_o that_o it_o be_v high_o reasonable_a to_o conclude_v that_o our_o proper_a employment_n lie_v in_o moral_a rather_o than_o natural_a truth_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o author_n have_v in_o his_o four_o book_n and_o three_o chapter_n pag._n 274._o this_o passage_n the_o idea_n of_o a_o supreme_a be_v infinite_a in_o power_n and_o wisdom_n who_o workmanship_n we_o be_v and_o on_o who_o we_o depend_v and_o the_o idea_n of_o ourselves_o as_o understanding_n rational_a creature_n be_v such_o as_o be_v clear_a to_o we_o these_o will_v i_o suppose_v if_o due_o consider_v and_o pursue_v afford_v such_o foundation_n of_o our_o duty_n and_o rule_n of_o action_n as_o may_v place_v morality_n among_o the_o science_n capable_a of_o demonstration_n wherein_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o from_o principle_n as_o incontestable_a as_o those_o of_o the_o mathematics_n by_o necessary_a consequence_n the_o measure_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n may_v be_v make_v out_o to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v apply_v himself_o with_o the_o same_o indifferency_n and_o attention_n to_o the_o one_o as_o he_o do_v to_o the_o other_o of_o these_o science_n and_o in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n he_o say_v p._n 325._o this_o give_v i_o the_o confidence_n to_o advance_v that_o conjecture_n which_o i_o suggest_v chap._n 3._o viz._n that_o morality_n be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n as_o well_o as_o mathematics_n for_o the_o idea_n that_o ethic_n be_v conversant_a about_o be_v all_o real_a essence_n and_o such_o as_o i_o imagine_v have_v a_o discoverable_a connexion_n and_o agreement_n one_o with_o another_o so_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v their_o habitude_n and_o relation_n so_o far_o we_o shall_v be_v possess_v of_o certain_a real_a and_o general_a truth_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o a_o right_a method_n be_v take_v a_o great_a part_n of_o morality_n may_v be_v make_v out_o with_o that_o clearness_n that_o can_v leave_v to_o a_o consider_v man_n no_o more_o reason_n to_o doubt_v than_o he_o can_v have_v to_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o proposition_n in_o mathematics_n which_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v to_o he_o and_o i_o be_o confident_a our_o author_n have_v find_v out_o this_o only_a right_a method_n and_o make_v use_v of_o the_o fit_a demonstration_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o principle_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n as_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o natural_a law_n so_o that_o i_o hope_v you_o will_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o he_o have_v as_o full_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v so_o as_o if_o he_o have_v give_v we_o so_o many_o mathematical_a demonstration_n of_o it_o but_o since_o as_o in_o the_o mathematics_n there_o be_v require_v certain_a principle_n or_o postulatum_n which_o must_v be_v take_v for_o grant_v before_o its_o professor_n be_v able_a to_o demonstrate_v any_o thing_n from_o they_o so_o we_o shall_v reduce_v all_o we_o have_v to_o say_v on_o this_o subject_a into_o six_o plain_a postulata_fw-la the_o three_o first_o of_o which_o have_v be_v already_o make_v out_o by_o other_o both_o in_o latin_a and_o english_a i_o shall_v wave_v the_o proof_n of_o they_o and_o shall_v confine_v myself_o whole_o to_o the_o three_o last_o the_o proposition_n be_v these_o 1._o that_o there_o be_v one_o infinite_a most_o powerful_a intelligent_a be_v which_o we_o call_v god_n who_o be_v the_o author_n and_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n or_o world_n 2._o that_o god_n as_o he_o have_v create_v so_o he_o likewise_o govern_v and_o preserve_v this_o world_n consist_v of_o body_n and_o spirit_n by_o certain_a corporeal_a motion_n and_o dictate_v of_o reason_n by_o which_o spirit_n act_n as_o the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o his_o providence_n 3._o that_o god_n thereby_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v all_o his_o creature_n and_o far_a design_n the_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o be_v sensible_a as_o far_o as_o their_o frail_a and_o mortal_a nature_n will_v admit_v and_o that_o power_n which_o god_n have_v give_v to_o mankind_n over_o they_o 4._o that_o of_o all_o animate_v or_o sensible_a creature_n god_n have_v make_v man_n alone_o to_o be_v conscious_a of_o his_o own_o existence_n and_o also_o that_o it_o be_v more_o particular_o his_o duty_n to_o act_v as_o his_o subservient_fw-fr instrument_n not_o only_o for_o his_o own_o private_a good_a and_o happiness_n but_o also_o for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o rational_a being_n 5._o that_o this_o knowledge_n of_o god_n will_n as_o our_o duty_n be_v plain_o discover_v to_o we_o from_o the_o be_v and_o nature_n of_o god_n as_o also_o of_o ourselves_o and_o of_o those_o thing_n without_o we_o which_o he_o have_v make_v necessary_a for_o our_o use_n and_o preservation_n 6._o that_o these_o dictate_v or_o conclusion_n of_o right_a reason_n all_o tend_v to_o one_o great_a end_n viz._n the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n in_o which_o our_o own_o be_v contain_v be_v give_v we_o by_o god_n as_o a_o legislator_n for_o the_o well_o govern_v or_o right_o order_v of_o our_o action_n to_o this_o end_n constitute_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o be_v establish_v by_o sufficient_a reward_n and_o punishment_n both_o in_o this_o life_n and_o in_o that_o to_o come_v to_o the_o bookseller_n the_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o treatise_n send_v it_o to_o i_o then_o be_v in_o a_o private_a station_n above_o a_o year_n ago_o but_o then_o conceal_v his_o name_n from_o i_o either_o through_o his_o great_a modesty_n or_o because_o in_o his_o prudence_n he_o think_v that_o if_o i_o know_v he_o i_o may_v be_v bias_v in_o my_o judgement_n by_o the_o honour_n which_o i_o be_o oblige_v to_o have_v to_o his_o family_n and_o especial_o to_o his_o grandfather_n by_o his_o mother_n side_n the_o most_o learned_a primate_n of_o ireland_n wherefore_o i_o read_v the_o book_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o unknown_a writer_n and_o consider_v only_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o performance_n thus_o i_o find_v that_o he_o have_v not_o only_o well_o translate_v and_o epitomise_v in_o some_o place_n what_o i_o have_v write_v in_o latin_a but_o have_v full_o digest_v the_o chief_a thing_n of_o my_o design_n in_o a_o well_o choose_a method_n of_o his_o own_o with_o great_a perspicuity_n and_o have_v add_v some_o illustration_n of_o his_o own_o or_o from_o other_o learned_a author_n with_o a_o philosophical_a liberty_n which_o i_o must_v needs_o allow_v for_o this_o reason_n i_o judge_v that_o the_o then_o unknown_a author_n have_v give_v too_o low_a a_o title_n to_o his_o book_n and_o that_o i_o be_v to_o esteem_v he_o a_o good_a hyperaspistes_n or_o able_a second_n in_o this_o combat_n for_o truth_n and_o justice_n rather_o than_o a_o translater_n or_o epitomiser_n of_o what_o i_o have_v write_v this_o oblige_a i_o to_o inquire_v diligent_o after_o the_o author_n name_n and_o quality_n and_o then_o i_o soon_o obtain_v the_o favour_n and_o honour_n of_o a_o more_o intimate_a conversation_n with_o he_o hereby_o i_o soon_o find_v that_o i_o may_v safe_o leave_v the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o good_a cause_n in_o which_o i_o be_v engage_v to_o his_o great_a ability_n and_o diligence_n and_o i_o hope_v that_o since_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n have_v conquer_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o search_n into_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o many_o of_o our_o young_a gentry_n will_v be_v encourage_v to_o follow_v he_o in_o the_o way_n which_o this_o his_o treatise_n make_v plain_a before_o they_o for_o from_o thence_o they_o may_v receive_v assistance_n not_o
it_o be_v evident_a that_o their_o offspring_n can_v neither_o be_v generate_v or_o preserve_v unless_o those_o of_o different_a sex_n do_v for_o some_o time_n maintain_v peace_n and_o a_o co-habitation_n with_o each_o other_o which_o in_o many_o other_o of_o they_o continues_z much_o long_a than_o the_o bare_a time_n of_o generation_n viz._n for_o the_o whole_a season_n of_o couple_v and_o breed_n up_o of_o their_o young_a one_o and_o in_o divers_a other_o as_o dove_n pigeon_n etc._n etc._n this_o affection_n continue_v like_o marriage_n as_o long_o as_o their_o life_n and_o that_o creature_n be_v excite_v to_o generate_v their_o like_a from_o the_o same_o natural_a cause_n for_o which_o their_o own_o preservation_n be_v procure_v appear_v from_o this_o anatomical_a observation_n that_o part_n of_o the_o same_o nutritious_a juice_n pass_v into_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o propagation_n of_o seed_n and_o the_o whole_a circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n with_o the_o cause_n that_o produce_v and_o promote_v it_o as_o the_o muscular_a force_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a artifice_n of_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o vein_n do_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n serve_v for_o the_o particular_a nutrition_n of_o the_o animal_n and_o also_o perform_v the_o more_o public_a duty_n of_o propagation_n of_o the_o species_n whilst_o it_o do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n send_v down_o part_n of_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n out_o of_o which_o the_o seed_n be_v produce_v §_o 13._o but_o leave_v the_o nice_a disquisition_n of_o these_o anatomical_a observation_n to_o naturalist_n and_o physician_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o one_o observation_n that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o animal_n be_v by_o these_o mean_n impel_v to_o the_o love_n of_o those_o of_o a_o different_a sex_n and_o also_o of_o their_o own_o offspring_n and_o so_o be_v bring_v to_o impart_v some_o of_o that_o self-love_n with_o which_o they_o be_v first_o endue_v to_o other_o of_o their_o own_o kind_n from_o a_o irresistible_a instinct_n of_o nature_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v true_o observe_v of_o man_n that_o after_o they_o be_v marry_v and_o have_v get_v child_n they_o be_v more_o prone_a to_o and_o solicitous_a after_o peace_n than_o before_o but_o that_o this_o desire_n of_o propagation_n dispose_v man_n to_o a_o great_a affection_n towards_o those_o of_o the_o female_a sex_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o it_o need_v no_o proof_n but_o since_o mr._n h._n and_o other_o of_o his_o opinion_n do_v grant_v these_o observation_n concern_v the_o natural_a propension_n of_o creature_n to_o be_v true_a but_o be_v wont_n to_o evade_v they_o by_o affirm_v that_o they_o only_o proceed_v from_o the_o sole_a love_n of_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o satisfaction_n and_o that_o all_o the_o action_n proceed_v from_o thence_o tend_v to_o no_o high_a end_n than_o the_o love_n and_o preservation_n of_o themselves_o as_o i_o do_v not_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o discourse_n intend_v to_o dispute_v so_o have_v i_o not_o omit_v to_o answer_v this_o objection_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n which_o be_v design_v on_o purpose_n for_o answer_v all_o those_o objection_n that_o can_v well_o be_v make_v against_o our_o definition_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n §_o 14._o the_o last_o general_a observation_n to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o live_v creature_n may_v be_v take_v from_o that_o sweetness_n and_o pleasure_n they_o take_v and_o enjoy_v in_o those_o action_n and_o passion_n that_o tend_v to_o the_o common_a good_a of_o their_o own_o kind_a since_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o naturalist_n that_o in_o those_o sweet_a passion_n of_o love_n desire_v hope_v joy_n especial_o when_o employ_v about_o any_o great_a good_a towards_o other_o the_o vital_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o heart_n be_v then_o high_o help_v and_o promote_v so_o that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o mild_a and_o noble_a juice_n whilst_o brisk_a and_o more_o active_a spirit_n be_v thereby_o generate_v and_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o other_o animal_n function_n be_v more_o easy_o and_o nimble_o perform_v so_o that_o by_o those_o very_a affection_n by_o which_o they_o do_v good_a to_o animal_n of_o their_o own_o kind_a they_o themselves_o be_v also_o satisfy_v and_o delight_v and_o as_o far_o as_o they_o feel_v this_o natural_o root_v in_o their_o very_a nature_n they_o must_v needs_o incline_v to_o these_o affection_n so_o high_o conduce_v to_o their_o own_o happiness_n and_o preservation_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o hatred_n envy_n fear_v and_o that_o sadness_n and_o ill-humour_n which_o necessary_o spring_v from_o those_o sour_a and_o immoderate_a passion_n the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v obstruct_v and_o the_o heart_n render_v more_o heavy_a and_o unapt_a to_o motion_n so_o that_o it_o thereby_o expel_v the_o blood_n with_o great_a difficulty_n in_o its_o systole_n from_o whence_o proceed_v meagerness_n and_o paleness_n of_o the_o countenance_n with_o innumerable_a inconvenience_n to_o the_o whole_a oeconomy_n of_o the_o body_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o function_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o nerve_n such_o as_o be_v those_o disease_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o spleen_n deep_a melancholy_n and_o discontent_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v rather_o of_o a_o medicinal_a consideration_n i_o shall_v but_o only_o just_a mention_n they_o though_o the_o write_n of_o physician_n may_v yield_v we_o divers_a example_n of_o such_o who_o have_v hasten_v their_o own_o fate_n through_o immoderate_a envy_n and_o regret_n that_o they_o can_v not_o satisfy_v their_o malice_n or_o revenge_n of_o which_o i_o may_v chance_v to_o give_v you_o a_o taste_n when_o i_o come_v to_o consider_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o punishment_n proceed_v from_o the_o undue_a and_o immoderate_a exercise_n of_o those_o passion_n §_o 15._o but_o as_o mr._n h._n and_o his_o disciple_n can_v deny_v these_o natural_a propension_n in_o brute_n creature_n towards_o mutual_a concord_n so_o they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o evade_v these_o instance_n but_o by_o suppose_v some_o thing_n in_o man_n nature_n that_o render_v he_o worse_o nature_a and_o more_o unmanageable_a than_o bear_n wolf_n etc._n etc._n that_o so_o be_v natural_o in_o a_o perpetual_a state_n of_o war_n they_o can_v no_o way_n be_v keep_v from_o destroy_v each_o other_o but_o by_o some_o common_a supreme_a power_n set_v over_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o all_o in_o awe_n which_o argument_n and_o the_o answer_n to_o they_o since_o by_o their_o length_n they_o will_v too_o much_o perplex_v the_o connexion_n of_o this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v refer_v you_o to_o the_o second_o part_n wherein_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o man_n nature_n consider_v as_o a_o animal_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o in_o which_o alone_o he_o excel_v other_o creature_n that_o can_v lay_v any_o necessity_n upon_o he_o of_o be_v more_o fierce_a and_o unsociable_a than_o brute_n §_o 16._o have_v now_o dispatch_v these_o common_a and_o easy_a observation_n concern_v man_n consider_v as_o a_o mere_a body_n and_o also_o such_o as_o concern_v his_o nature_n as_o a_o animal_n tend_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o his_o own_o species_n be_v one_o great_a end_n and_o design_n of_o god_n in_o his_o creation_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v those_o particular_n in_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n excel_v that_o of_o brute_n and_o whereby_o he_o be_v render_v much_o more_o capable_a than_o they_o of_o promote_a and_o perform_v this_o great_a end_n viz._n the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n which_o i_o shall_v divide_v into_o two_o head_n either_o those_o belong_v to_o the_o body_n or_o else_o to_o the_o soul_n or_o mind_n as_o to_o the_o former_a though_o there_o be_v divers_a anatomical_a observation_n make_v by_o curious_a anatomist_n and_o learned_a physician_n concern_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o inward_a part_n or_o vessel_n in_o man_n and_o brute_n yet_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o our_o purpose_n and_o which_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o that_o excellency_n and_o superiority_n that_o be_v common_o find_v in_o humane_a intellect_n above_o those_o of_o brute_n the_o first_o of_o which_o observation_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o large_a quantity_n of_o brain_n which_o be_v find_v in_o humane_a body_n and_o which_o bear_v a_o much_o great_a proportion_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o bulk_n than_o in_o any_o other_o creature_n for_o though_o the_o weight_n
example_n than_o nature_n i_o desire_v they_o to_o show_v i_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n so_o barbarous_a that_o do_v not_o go_v upon_o two_o leg_n as_o well_o as_o we_o and_o though_o child_n it_o be_v true_a before_o they_o can_v go_v must_v crawl_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o upon_o their_o hand_n and_o foot_n but_o knee_n for_o a_o man_n leg_n as_o be_v notorious_a to_o anatomist_n be_v so_o much_o long_a than_o his_o arm_n and_o be_v likewise_o so_o set_v on_o that_o they_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o move_v in_o right-angle_n with_o the_o arm_n or_o foreleg_n as_o in_o brute_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o some_o beast_n as_o ape_n monkey_n and_o bear_n can_v sometime_o go_v upon_o their_o hind-feet_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o constant_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o present_a necessity_n be_v over_o they_o soon_o return_v to_o their_o natural_a posture_n to_o conclude_v i_o think_v i_o may_v leave_v it_o to_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n to_o judge_v whether_o from_o all_o these_o natural_a observation_n from_o the_o frame_n of_o humane_a body_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o passion_n it_o do_v not_o evident_o appear_v that_o man_n happiness_n and_o subsistence_n in_o this_o life_n be_v not_o design_v by_o god_n to_o depend_v upon_o his_o own_o particular_a sensual_a pleasure_n or_o the_o mere_a satisfaction_n of_o his_o present_a appetite_n and_o passion_n restrain_v to_o himself_o without_o any_o consideration_n of_o other_o of_o his_o own_o kind_a but_o be_v rather_o intend_v for_o the_o common_a good_a and_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o mankind_n §_o 20._o have_v now_o dispatch_v those_o natural_a observation_n that_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o constitution_n or_o frame_n of_o man_n body_n in_o order_n to_o the_o render_v he_o capable_a of_o serve_v the_o common_a good_a in_o the_o propagation_n of_o his_o species_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o head_n before_o lay_v down_o viz._n those_o excellency_n or_o prerogative_n of_o the_o humane_a soul_n or_o mind_n and_o in_o which_o he_o excel_v all_o other_o creature_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n mr._n 12._o h._n very_o well_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n to_o be_v inquisitive_a into_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o event_n they_o see_v and_o that_o upon_o the_o sight_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o beginning_n to_o judge_v also_o that_o it_o have_v a_o cause_n which_o determine_v the_o same_o to_o begin_v when_o it_o do_v and_o also_o whereas_o there_o be_v no_o other_o felicity_n among_o beast_n but_o the_o enjoy_n their_o daily_a food_n ease_n and_o lust_n as_o have_v little_a or_o no_o foresight_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o want_v of_o observation_n and_o memory_n of_o the_o order_n consequence_n and_o dependence_n of_o the_o thing_n they_o see_v man_n alone_o observe_v how_o one_o event_n have_v be_v produce_v by_o another_o and_o therein_o remember_v the_o antecedence_n and_o consequence_n whence_o he_o certain_o must_v be_v endue_v with_o a_o large_a capacity_n for_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n without_o himself_o and_o be_v also_o able_a to_o make_v more_o curious_a and_o exact_a search_n into_o their_o cause_n and_o effect_n than_o the_o most_o sagacious_a brute_n who_o though_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o some_o few_o appetite_n or_o inclination_n towards_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n and_o a_o aversion_n for_o other_o that_o be_v hurtful_a to_o they_o yet_o this_o seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o some_o natural_a instinct_n or_o impression_n stamp_v by_o god_n on_o their_o very_a nature_n and_o not_o from_o reason_n or_o deliberation_n as_o young_a wild-duck_n they_o say_v will_v run_v away_o from_o a_o man_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v hatch_v and_o chicken_n know_v the_o kite_n though_o they_o never_o see_v she_o before_o and_o this_o not_o from_o any_o experience_n or_o rational_a deduction_n but_o as_o for_o man_n it_o be_v his_o faculty_n alone_o to_o proceed_v from_o some_o know_a principle_n to_o draw_v rational_a deduction_n or_o conclusion_n which_o be_v not_o know_v before_o the_o exercise_n of_o which_o faculty_n we_o call_v right_o reason_n or_o ratiocination_n which_o though_o i_o grant_v be_v not_o bear_v with_o he_o and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o property_n belong_v to_o he_o as_o a_o mere_a animal_n since_o we_o see_v child_n till_o they_o come_v to_o some_o year_n and_o fool_n and_o mad_a folk_n act_v without_o it_o so_o long_o as_o they_o live_v yet_o be_v it_o not_o therefore_o artificial_a as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o since_o all_o person_n of_o year_n of_o discretion_n and_o who_o will_v give_v themselves_o leisure_n to_o think_v may_v attain_v to_o a_o sufficient_a degree_n of_o it_o for_o the_o well-government_n of_o their_o action_n in_o order_n to_o their_o own_o preservation_n and_o the_o discover_v that_o duty_n they_o owe_v to_o god_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n which_o notion_n be_v peculiar_a to_o man_n and_o also_o common_a to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n either_o from_o man_n own_o particular_a observation_n or_o rational_a deduction_n or_o else_o from_o the_o instruction_n of_o other_o who_o themselves_z first_o find_v out_o such_o rational_a conclusion_n and_o teach_v they_o to_o their_o child_n or_o scholar_n with_o their_o first_o element_n of_o speech_n come_v in_o process_n of_o time_n have_v forget_v when_o those_o early_a notion_n be_v first_o instill_a into_o they_o to_o be_v take_v for_o connate_a idea_n so_o that_o i_o doubt_v they_o have_v be_v by_o too_o many_o who_o have_v not_o well_o consider_v their_o original_a mistake_v for_o idea_n or_o notion_n impress_v by_o god_n upon_o their_o soul_n but_o leave_v this_o of_o which_o other_o have_v say_v enough_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o from_o this_o faculty_n of_o deduce_a effect_n from_o their_o cause_n man_n have_v be_v always_o able_a to_o find_v out_o sufficient_a remedy_n for_o his_o own_o natural_a weakness_n by_o the_o invention_n of_o several_a art_n such_o as_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n for_o his_o preservation_n and_o cure_n when_o sick_a or_o hurt_v and_o also_o those_o of_o a_o more_o public_a nature_n such_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o policy_n or_o the_o well-government_n of_o common-weal_n of_o navigation_n warfare_n or_o the_o art_n military_a for_o his_o happiness_n and_o defence_n as_o a_o sociable_a creature_n so_o that_o though_o man_n be_v bear_v naked_a and_o without_o those_o natural_a defence_n and_o weapon_n with_o which_o divers_a brute_n be_v furnish_v by_o nature_n yet_o by_o the_o power_n of_o this_o faculty_n he_o be_v able_a not_o only_o much_o better_a to_o secure_v himself_o from_o the_o violence_n and_o injury_n of_o the_o wether_n by_o provide_v himself_o with_o clothes_n house_n and_o victual_n beforehand_o since_o nature_n have_v not_o make_v he_o to_o live_v like_o beast_n upon_o those_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o spontaneous_o produce_v but_o can_v also_o tame_a subdue_v and_o kill_v the_o strong_a fierce_a and_o cunning_a brute_n and_o make_v they_o subservient_fw-fr to_o those_o end_n and_o design_n for_o which_o he_o please_v to_o employ_v they_o so_o likewise_o from_o this_o faculty_n of_o judge_v of_o consequence_n from_o their_o antecedent_n and_o foresee_v the_o probability_n or_o improbability_n of_o future_a event_n he_o thereby_o distinguish_v between_o real_a and_o apparent_a good_n that_o be_v between_o such_o thing_n that_o may_v please_v for_o the_o present_a and_o do_v afterward_o hurt_v he_o and_o those_o which_o though_o they_o may_v seem_v displease_v for_o a_o time_n yet_o may_v after_o do_v he_o a_o great_a benefit_n which_o principle_n since_o they_o contain_v foundation_n of_o all_o morality_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o we_o now_o treat_v of_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o here_o particular_o to_o set_v down_o as_o the_o ground_n of_o what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v on_o this_o subject_a §_o 21._o first_o it_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v that_o every_o animal_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o natural_a principle_n whereby_o it_o be_v necessary_o incline_v to_o promote_v his_o own_o preservation_n and_o wellbeing_a yet_o not_o exclude_v that_o of_o other_o of_o their_o own_o kind_a that_o therefore_o which_o most_o conduce_v to_o this_o end_n be_v call_v a_o natural_a good_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o which_o be_v apt_a to_o obstruct_v and_o hinder_v it_o be_v evil_a among_o which_o good_n and_o evil_n there_o be_v several_a kind_n or_o degree_n according_a as_o thing_n be_v endue_v with_o more_o or_o less_o fitness_n or_o power_n to_o promote_v or_o hinder_v this_o end_n all_o which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o plain_a maxim_n or_o proposition_n as_o i_o have_v take_v they_o out_o of_o dr._n moor_n enchiridion_n
ethicum_fw-la so_o that_o i_o have_v collect_v these_o axiom_n and_o put_v they_o together_o in_o this_o method_n as_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o those_o excellent_a author_n abovementioned_a that_o you_o may_v see_v they_o all_o at_o one_o view_n though_o i_o grant_v there_o be_v many_o other_o natural_a truth_n which_o be_v also_o useful_a to_o prove_v what_o action_n be_v productive_a of_o the_o common_a good_a divers_a of_o which_o we_o have_v give_v you_o dispersedly_z in_o these_o two_o chapter_n principle_n i._n the_o lessen_v or_o escape_v of_o a_o evil_a be_v to_o be_v reckon_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o good_n principle_n ii_o the_o lessen_v or_o loss_n of_o good_a be_v to_o be_v reckon_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o evil._n principle_n iii_o that_o which_o be_v good_a be_v to_o be_v choose_v that_o which_o be_v evil_a to_o be_v avoid_v principle_n iu._n the_o great_a good_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o less_o and_o a_o less_o evil_a to_o be_v endure_v rather_o than_o a_o great_a principle_n v._n such_o thing_n or_o event_n whether_o good_a or_o evil_a as_o will_v certain_o come_v to_o pass_v may_v fall_v under_o computation_n and_o be_v estimate_v according_a to_o their_o several_a degree_n as_o well_o as_o thing_n present_a and_o the_o same_o likewise_o be_v for_o such_o thing_n as_o may_v probable_o come_v to_o pass_v though_o this_o probability_n may_v be_v somewhat_o remote_a as_o it_o be_v count_v a_o valuable_a thing_n and_o may_v be_v estimate_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v one_o among_o four_o or_o five_o equal_a competitor_n for_o a_o office_n or_o to_o be_v the_o four_o or_o five_o expectant_a of_o a_o inheritance_n and_o though_o in_o such_o case_n there_o may_v be_v the_o odds_o of_o three_o or_o four_o to_o one_o yet_o the_o price_n that_o be_v set_v upon_o this_o may_v be_v so_o proportion_v as_o either_o to_o reduce_v the_o purchase_n to_o a_o equality_n or_o make_v it_o at_o least_o a_o very_a advantageous_a bargain_n principle_n vi._n a_o present_a good_a may_v reasonable_o be_v part_v with_o upon_o a_o probable_a expectation_n of_o a_o future_a good_a which_o be_v much_o great_a and_o more_o excellent_a principle_n vii_o a_o present_a evil_n be_v to_o be_v endure_v for_o the_o avoid_n of_o a_o probable_a future_a evil_n which_o be_v far_o great_a principle_n viii_o the_o great_a the_o evil_a the_o more_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o venture_v the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a good_a or_o the_o suffering_n of_o a_o less_o evil_a for_o the_o escape_v it_o principle_n ix_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v without_o any_o good_a than_o by_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o it_o to_o endure_v a_o evil_a as_o great_a or_o great_a than_o that_o good_a come_v to_o and_o these_o last_o principle_n respect_v ourselves_o may_v serve_v to_o produce_v prudence_n temperance_n and_o fortitude_n in_o our_o mind_n the_o rest_n that_o follow_v respect_v our_o duty_n towards_o other_o and_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o right_a and_o wrong_n among_o men._n principle_n x._o we_o ought_v to_o pursue_v the_o chief_a or_o common_a good_a with_o the_o high_a and_o all_o less_o or_o subordinate_a good_n with_o a_o less_o affection_n or_o desire_v neither_o ought_v we_o to_o make_v the_o high_a or_o common_a good_a subordinate_a to_o the_o mean_a or_o middle_a good_n or_o the_o middle_a good_n to_o the_o least_o principle_n xi_o whatsoever_o good_a you_o will_v have_v do_v to_o yourself_o in_o such_o and_o such_o circumstance_n you_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o same_o to_o another_o in_o the_o same_o or_o like_a circumstance_n as_o far_o as_o may_v be_v without_o prejudice_v the_o community_n principle_n xii_o whatsoever_o evil_a you_o will_v not_o have_v do_v to_o yourself_o you_o ought_v to_o abstain_v from_o do_v that_o to_o another_o principle_n xiii_o good_a be_v to_o be_v recompense_v with_o good_a and_o not_o with_o evil._n principle_n fourteen_o it_o be_v good_a for_o a_o man_n to_o enjoy_v all_o the_o mean_n wherewith_o he_o may_v live_v happy_o principle_n xv._n it_o be_v better_a for_o the_o public_a or_o common_a good_a that_o one_o man_n shall_v not_o live_v voluptuous_o than_o that_o another_o shall_v thereby_o live_v miserable_a principle_n xvi_o if_o it_o be_v a_o public_a as_o well_o as_o a_o private_a good_a for_o any_o one_o to_o have_v enough_o wherewith_o to_o live_v happy_a it_o follow_v from_o the_o same_o rule_n that_o it_o be_v double_o better_a when_o there_o be_v sufficient_a for_o two_o man_n and_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o proportion_n a_o thousand_o time_n better_o if_o there_o be_v sufficient_a for_o a_o thousand_o to_o live_v happy_a so_o that_o at_o last_o from_o the_o same_o principle_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o if_o all_o the_o man_n in_o the_o world_n or_o all_o mankind_n can_v live_v happy_o it_o be_v the_o great_a good_a we_o can_v suppose_v they_o capable_a of_o principle_n xvii_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o public_a good_a that_o every_o man_n right_n and_o property_n be_v allow_v he_o and_o its_o free_a use_n or_o possession_n be_v likewise_o permit_v he_o without_o any_o injury_n or_o molestation_n from_o other_o though_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o a_o man_n may_v so_o behave_v himself_o as_o whatsoever_o be_v his_o whether_o by_o possession_n gift_n or_o purchase_v may_v lawful_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o as_o a_o punishment_n for_o his_o crime_n in_o transgress_v this_o great_a law_n of_o nature_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_n principle_n xviii_o it_o be_v better_a to_o obey_v god_n declare_v his_o will_n to_o we_o by_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o natural_a reason_n than_o our_o own_o unreasonable_a lust_n and_o passion_n or_o the_o wicked_a desire_n or_o command_v of_o men._n these_o and_o the_o like_a principle_n may_v fit_o be_v call_v natural_a as_o well_o as_o moral_a axiom_n as_o be_v the_o true_a result_v of_o natural_a reason_n and_o be_v so_o clear_a and_o manifest_a of_o themselves_o that_o if_o any_o one_o will_v consider_v they_o without_o prejudice_n or_o be_v bias_v by_o passion_n or_o too_o much_o self-love_n they_o will_v not_o need_v a_o long_a train_n of_o argument_n to_o prove_v they_o since_o they_o appear_v true_a and_o evident_a at_o the_o first_o proposal_n so_o also_o these_o moral_a principle_n consider_v as_o proposition_n declare_v the_o connexion_n of_o all_o humane_a action_n with_o the_o natural_a effect_n that_o depend_v upon_o they_o as_o for_o example_n when_o they_o show_v we_o any_o action_n which_o will_v most_o certain_o conduce_v to_o our_o own_o and_o all_o other_o happiness_n and_o that_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v not_o only_o our_o duty_n but_o interest_n to_o perform_v they_o these_o principle_n thus_o consider_v with_o relation_n to_o our_o future_a action_n may_v be_v call_v practical_a dictate_v since_o they_o do_v not_o only_o show_v we_o the_o high_a end_n we_o can_v propose_v to_o ourselves_o in_o order_n to_o our_o present_a and_o future_a happiness_n but_o do_v also_o direct_v we_o to_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o fit_a mean_n to_o attain_v it_o but_o i_o think_v it_o do_v sufficient_o appear_v that_o we_o be_v not_o only_o able_a to_o form_v a_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o this_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n but_o also_o from_o the_o faculty_n of_o compare_v the_o likeness_n of_o our_o own_o nature_n with_o that_o of_o all_o other_o man_n can_v also_o frame_v a_o universal_a or_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o creature_n agree_v in_o the_o same_o natural_a property_n and_o require_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o their_o happiness_n and_o subsistence_n as_o himself_o note_v that_o i_o do_v not_o mean_v by_o this_o any_o adequate_a idea_n of_o the_o true_a physical_a nature_n of_o mankind_n since_o of_o this_o as_o of_o all_o other_o substance_n we_o have_v no_o other_o knowledge_n but_o by_o their_o sensible_a quality_n therefore_o i_o mean_v only_o here_o a_o idea_n fori_fw-la or_o such_o a_o common_a and_o inadequate_a idea_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n as_o serve_v we_o for_o all_o the_o moral_a rule_n of_o life_n which_o idea_n he_o can_v give_v a_o name_n to_o and_o call_v mankind_n and_o so_o come_v to_o consider_v and_o understand_v all_o the_o cause_n and_o mean_n not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n but_o that_o of_o all_o other_o man_n consider_v as_o a_o aggregate_v body_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v divers_a conclusion_n concern_v the_o proportion_n and_o degree_n of_o man_n natural_a good_a or_o happiness_n according_a to_o the_o principle_n before_o lay_v down_o till_o he_o at_o last_o arrive_v at_o this_o universal_a idea_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n as_o the_o high_a and_o noble_a that_o he_o can_v attain_v
beside_o himself_o and_o that_o he_o do_v true_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n towards_o himself_o by_o a_o temperate_a and_o a_o rational_a life_n as_o also_o towards_o his_o neighbour_n by_o observe_v that_o great_a rule_n of_o do_v as_o he_o will_v be_v do_v by_o in_o all_o case_n towards_o other_o i_o say_v such_o a_o man_n though_o never_o so_o simple_a and_o ignorant_a in_o other_o thing_n do_v real_o contribute_v his_o share_n of_o endeavour_n towards_o procure_v the_o common_a good_a and_o though_o he_o may_v not_o distinct_o know_v all_o the_o true_a reason_n and_o ground_n of_o his_o own_o action_n yet_o if_o he_o thus_o lead_v his_o life_n and_o observe_v all_o these_o rule_n tend_v to_o this_o end_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o he_o will_v meet_v with_o all_o those_o reward_n intend_v by_o god_n for_o virtuous_a action_n provide_v he_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o or_o at_o least_o wilful_o refuse_v the_o more_o perfect_a law_n of_o the_o gospel_n deliver_v by_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n when_o due_o propose_v to_o he_o thus_o a_o country_n carpenter_n may_v deserve_v sufficient_a wage_n and_o commendation_n if_o he_o can_v build_v a_o house_n and_o honest_o perform_v his_o work_n according_a to_o those_o few_o practical_a rule_n he_o have_v learn_v though_o he_o do_v not_o understand_v all_o the_o principle_n of_o geometry_n or_o architecture_n according_a to_o which_o all_o that_o he_o have_v wrought_v may_v easy_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o he_o if_o he_o will_v but_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o understand_v they_o §_o 6._o there_o be_v another_o objection_n which_o this_o sort_n of_o man_n may_v make_v against_o our_o method_n of_o find_v out_o and_o demonstrate_v this_o great_a law_n of_o nature_n in_o that_o i_o make_v every_o man_n obligation_n to_o endeavour_v it_o to_o arise_v from_o its_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n to_o himself_o alone_o whereby_o it_o may_v seem_v as_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n be_v to_o be_v postpone_v and_o make_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o happiness_n of_o any_o particular_a person_n to_o satisfy_v which_o scruple_n i_o do_v in_o the_o first_o place_n affirm_v that_o we_o do_v not_o intend_v any_o such_o thing_n since_o we_o have_v all_o along_o endeavour_v to_o establish_v the_o quite_o contrary_a doctrine_n for_o i_o assert_v that_o no_o man_n have_v any_o right_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o his_o own_o life_n or_o be_v but_o in_o order_n and_o as_o it_o conduce_v to_o the_o honour_n and_o service_n of_o god_n and_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o more_o distinct_o declare_v how_o these_o though_o some_o may_v think_v they_o contrary_a to_o each_o other_o do_v very_o well_o consist_v in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o i_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o our_o natural_a obligation_n to_o this_o law_n be_v not_o discover_v by_o we_o in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o method_n as_o it_o be_v constitute_v by_o god_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n for_o our_o weak_a finite_a understanding_n when_o act_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o divine_a revelation_n do_v slow_o enough_o at_o first_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o individual_a or_o single_a thing_n and_o thence_o take_v rise_v from_o such_o common_a effect_n as_o be_v most_o obvious_a to_o our_o sense_n proceed_v to_o their_o more_o obstruse_a cause_n until_o at_o length_n discover_v one_o infinite_a be_v call_v god_n to_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n and_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n we_o from_o thence_o collect_v not_o only_o what_o be_v his_o nature_n but_o also_o what_o be_v his_o will_n whereby_o we_o do_v not_o only_o find_v that_o he_o be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o perfect_a be_v but_o that_o as_o such_o he_o will_v and_o procure_v the_o good_a and_o preservation_n not_o of_o some_o few_o singular_n alone_o but_o of_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o mankind_n and_o last_o that_o he_o will_v have_v we_o man_n cooperate_v as_o subordinate_a though_o free_a agent_n to_o this_o end_n as_o the_o great_a and_o worthy_a we_o can_v undertake_v which_o though_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o yet_o be_v that_o which_o be_v first_o and_o chief_o intend_v by_o god_n as_o the_o principal_a object_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o the_o main_a end_n of_o all_o our_o moral_a action_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v evident_a this_o knowledge_n of_o ourselves_o and_o of_o thing_n thus_o learn_v from_o experience_n and_o observation_n be_v intend_v by_o god_n only_o to_o serve_v as_o step_n to_o raise_v we_o to_o that_o large_a knowledge_n and_o noble_a desire_n of_o pursue_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_n as_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o our_o moral_a duty_n and_o that_o our_o will_n and_o affection_n towards_o this_o end_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regulate_v or_o direct_v in_o the_o same_o order_n by_o which_o this_o common_a good_a come_v to_o be_v discover_v i._n e._n with_o a_o respect_n to_o ourselves_o alone_o but_o from_o a_o true_a judgement_n concern_v the_o measure_n of_o that_o natural_a good_a and_o perfection_n therein_o contain_v so_o that_o though_o we_o be_v at_o first_o indeed_o excite_v to_o the_o procure_v our_o own_o happiness_n as_o the_o prime_n and_o most_o natural_a motive_n of_o all_o our_o action_n yet_o we_o come_v at_o last_o upon_o better_a consideration_n to_o discover_v that_o this_o happiness_n of_o we_o be_v contain_v in_o our_o endeavour_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a being_n and_o be_v inseparable_a from_o it_o as_o the_o conservation_n of_o any_o of_o our_o particular_a member_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o health_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n §_o 7._o and_o this_o proposition_n that_o every_o single_a man_n good_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o common-good_a prove_v indeed_o that_o the_o sanction_n of_o this_o general_a law_n be_v by_o reward_n and_o punishment_n to_o every_o single_a man_n but_o that_o every_o be_v not_o to_o be_v restrain_v to_o myself_o or_o any_o one_o man_n alone_o but_o extend_v alike_o to_o each_o other_o man_n or_o all_o man_n since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o these_o word_n every_o man_n collective_o take_v amount_v to_o all_o man_n as_o every_o part_n collective_o take_v signify_v the_o whole_a and_o though_o the_o main_a end_n intend_v by_o god_n the_o legislator_n from_o such_o reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v obedience_n to_o his_o law_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n as_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v indeed_o of_o much_o great_a value_n to_o he_o than_o the_o happiness_n of_o any_o one_o single_a person_n yet_o will_v it_o not_o detract_v from_o the_o perfection_n or_o sincerity_n of_o this_o obedience_n if_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o man_n be_v own_o particular_a happiness_n or_o misery_n he_o thereby_o come_v to_o consider_v and_o understand_v that_o god_n have_v command_v he_o to_o pursue_v a_o high_a and_o noble_a end_n than_o that_o alone_o yet_o to_o which_o his_o own_o happiness_n or_o misery_n be_v inseparable_o connect_v §_o 8._o i_o come_v in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o these_o objection_n that_o may_v be_v make_v by_o man_n of_o quite_o contrary_a principle_n and_o who_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v that_o we_o either_o can_v or_o aught_o to_o propose_v this_o common_a good_a as_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o main_a end_n of_o all_o our_o moral_a action_n their_o first_o objection_n may_v be_v this_o that_o it_o seem_v not_o suitable_a to_o god_n infinite_a goodness_n and_o power_n and_o wisdom_n in_o the_o government_n of_o mankind_n if_o he_o do_v real_o intend_v its_o good_a and_o happiness_n as_o we_o here_o suppose_v to_o permit_v so_o great_a a_o design_n to_o be_v so_o often_o disturb_v if_o not_o quite_o frustrate_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o the_o various_a passion_n and_o unreasonable_a appetite_n of_o so_o many_o violent_a wicked_a and_o unjust_a man_n which_o if_o mankind_n be_v well_o consider_v do_v make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o aggregate_v body_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o objection_n i_o may_v tell_v those_o that_o make_v it_o that_o the_o true_a original_n of_o that_o deprave_a state_n of_o mankind_n and_o from_o which_o all_o that_o disorder_n which_o we_o now_o find_v in_o humane_a nature_n be_v derive_v be_v the_o fall_n of_o adam_n the_o first_o father_n of_o mankind_n who_o thereby_o convey_v a_o weakness_n of_o reason_n and_o that_o prevail_a power_n which_o we_o feel_v in_o our_o sensual_a appetite_n and_o passion_n to_o all_o his_o posterity_n whereby_o man_n be_v become_v very_o prone_a to_o evil_a and_o too_o apt_a to_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o i_o shall_v not_o insist_v upon_o this_o because_o the_o
by_o the_o due_a observation_n of_o justice_n and_o charity_n or_o the_o most_o diffusive_a benevolence_n towards_o other_o of_o our_o own_o kind_a according_a to_o the_o order_n we_o have_v already_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n all_o which_o be_v but_o our_o endeavour_v to_o procure_v as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a this_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n it_o be_v true_a mr._n h._n in_o his_o leu._n chap._n 13._o contract_n all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n into_o this_o short_a and_o easy_a rule_n which_o he_o say_v be_v intelligible_a even_o by_o the_o mean_a capacity_n viz._n do_v not_o that_o to_o another_o thou_o will_v not_o have_v do_v to_o thyself_o which_o rule_n though_o very_o true_a and_o the_o same_o in_o effect_n which_o be_v give_v by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n himself_o yet_o without_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n will_v too_o often_o fail_v for_o if_o this_o rule_n be_v strict_o and_o literal_o to_o be_v understand_v no_o prince_n judge_n or_o other_o magistrate_n can_v condemn_v a_o malefactor_n to_o death_n for_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v that_o to_o another_o which_o he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v to_o himself_o in_o the_o like_a state_n since_o he_o himself_o as_o well_o as_o the_o criminal_a he_o condemn_v will_v then_o desire_v to_o be_v pardon_v if_o he_o can_v but_o indeed_o the_o reason_n why_o all_o judge_n and_o other_o inferior_a officer_n of_o justice_n be_v excuse_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o this_o rule_n in_o their_o public_a capacity_n be_v because_o they_o do_v not_o then_o act_v as_o private_a person_n but_o as_o public_a representative_n or_o trustee_n with_o who_o the_o common_a good_a and_o peace_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v entrust_v which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v make_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o rational_a agent_n §_o 16._o there_o be_v likewise_o other_o who_o reduce_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n into_o this_o single_a rule_n or_o precept_n preserve_v or_o do_v good_a to_o thyself_o and_o any_o other_o innocent_a person_n as_o to_o thyself_o which_o though_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v a_o true_a rule_n as_o contain_v our_o saviour_n epitome_n of_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o second_o table_n love_v thy_o neighbour_n as_o thyself_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o express_v the_o reason_n or_o principle_n on_o which_o it_o be_v found_v for_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o love_v our_o neighbour_n but_o as_o they_o partake_v of_o the_o same_o common_a rational_a nature_n with_o ourselves_o and_o that_o our_o do_v they_o good_a do_v conduce_v to_o the_o preservation_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o mankind_n of_o which_o that_o person_n as_o well_o as_o ourselves_o be_v but_o small_a part_n or_o member_n nor_o have_v we_o any_o particular_a obligation_n to_o endeavour_v our_o own_o particular_a good_a but_o as_o it_o conduce_v to_o and_o be_v part_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n §_o 17._o and_o as_o the_o whole_a law_n of_o nature_n so_o likewise_o the_o reveal_v law_n give_v from_o god_n by_o moses_n to_o the_o jew_n and_o intend_v in_o due_a time_n to_o be_v make_v know_v to_o all_o mankind_n tend_v to_o no_o other_o end_n than_o this_o great_a law_n of_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o rational_a agent_n for_o all_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o first_o table_n of_o the_o decalogue_n which_o prescribe_v our_o duty_n towards_o god_n and_o which_o our_o saviour_n have_v so_o excellent_o well_o contract_v into_o this_o single_a precept_n thou_o shall_v love_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n with_o all_o thy_o heart_n and_o with_o all_o thy_o soul_n and_o with_o all_o thy_o strength_n etc._n etc._n contain_v nothing_o more_o than_o this_o great_a rule_n for_o as_o god_n before_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o create_v the_o world_n and_o whilst_o there_o be_v yet_o no_o creature_n to_o worship_n or_o serve_v he_o be_v not_o then_o less_o happy_a or_o perfect_a so_o neither_o now_o he_o have_v create_v they_o be_v he_o the_o happy_a if_o we_o worship_v he_o or_o the_o more_o unhappy_a if_o we_o omit_v it_o for_o man_n be_v create_v as_o a_o object_n for_o the_o divine_a goodness_n to_o exert_v itself_o upon_o it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o first_o table_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o second_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n intend_v for_o man_n good_a and_o happiness_n as_o well_o as_o god_n honour_n and_o service_n so_o that_o even_o that_o great_a commandment_n of_o keep_v holy_a the_o seven_o day_n which_o most_o chief_o respect_v god_n own_o glory_n and_o service_n do_v also_o promote_v the_o good_a and_o happiness_n not_o only_o of_o the_o jew_n god_n particular_a subject_n but_o also_o of_o all_o mankind_n whensoever_o this_o law_n shall_v be_v discover_v to_o they_o so_o that_o though_o it_o command_v the_o dedicate_a of_o that_o day_n to_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n and_o be_v observe_v in_o obedience_n to_o his_o command_n yet_o even_o in_o this_o he_o do_v not_o design_n his_o own_o glory_n and_o honour_n alone_o nay_o according_a to_o saint_n austin_n our_o good_a only_a but_o also_o our_o good_a and_o happiness_n 5._o which_o be_v then_o most_o perfect_a and_o complete_a when_o we_o bestow_v our_o time_n in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o his_o infinite_a perfection_n and_o goodness_n towards_o we_o and_o in_o render_v he_o thanks_o for_o his_o unspeakable_a benefit_n so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v he_o have_v make_v and_o ordain_v we_o for_o his_o service_n yet_o he_o have_v so_o constitute_v our_o nature_n as_o to_o make_v our_o high_a happiness_n inseparable_o connect_v with_o all_o the_o particular_a act_n of_o his_o worship_n and_o therefore_o our_o saviour_n reprove_v the_o jew_n when_o they_o find_v fault_n with_o he_o for_o suffer_v his_o disciple_n to_o pluck_v the_o ear_n of_o corn_n on_o the_o sabbath_n day_n express_o tell_v they_o that_o if_o they_o hâ—d_v know_v what_o this_o mean_n 8._o i_o will_v have_v mercy_n and_o not_o sacrifice_n they_o will_v not_o have_v condemn_v the_o guiltless_a for_o the_o son_n of_o man_n i._n e._n not_o christ_n alone_o but_o every_o christian_a be_v lord_n even_o of_o the_o sabbath-day_n and_o in_o st._n mark_n 2.27_o that_o the_o sabbath_n be_v make_v for_o man_n and_o not_o man_n for_o the_o sabbath_n thereby_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o sabbath_n itself_o be_v also_o institute_v for_o man_n sake_n and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n he_o be_v master_n of_o it_o and_o so_o likewise_o our_o saviour_n himself_o by_o choose_v to_o do_v his_o great_a miracle_n of_o heal_v on_o the_o sabbath-day_n have_v teach_v we_o that_o the_o performance_n of_o act_n of_o charity_n and_o mercy_n on_o that_o day_n be_v a_o great_a and_o necessary_a part_n of_o god_n service_n §_o 18._o but_o as_o for_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o second_o table_n i_o need_v not_o insist_v upon_o they_o because_o our_o saviour_n himself_o have_v contract_v they_o all_o even_o that_o of_o honour_v our_o parent_n into_o this_o short_a precept_n thou_o shall_v love_v thy_o neighbour_n as_o thyself_o which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o to_o bid_v we_o endeavour_v the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n so_o that_o as_o this_o law_n of_o the_o most_o diffusive_a benevolence_n of_o rational_a agent_n contain_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o also_o of_o the_o moral_a law_n contain_v in_o the_o ten_o commandment_n so_o likewise_o be_v it_o the_o sum_n of_o the_o whole_a gospel_n deliver_v by_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n for_o as_o one_o great_a design_n of_o our_o saviour_n come_v into_o the_o world_n be_v by_o his_o most_o excellent_a precept_n and_o example_n to_o exalt_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o a_o high_a perfection_n than_o what_o man_n by_o the_o common_a use_n of_o reason_n can_v general_o attain_v to_o so_o likewise_o be_v it_o one_o of_o the_o main_a design_n of_o his_o come_n to_o restore_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n to_o its_o primitive_a purity_n and_o perfection_n and_o to_o free_v it_o from_o those_o false_a interpretation_n and_o tradition_n with_o which_o the_o pharisee_n have_v corrupt_v it_o for_o whereas_o they_o have_v confine_v the_o observation_n of_o that_o command_n of_o love_v our_o neighbour_n only_o to_o outward_a act_n or_o at_o least_o restrain_v it_o only_o to_o those_o of_o their_o own_o nation_n or_o religion_n our_o saviour_n christ_n command_v a_o great_a perfection_n and_o forbid_v even_o so_o much_o as_o the_o thought_n or_o desire_n of_o murder_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n and_o whereas_o the_o jew_n do_v suppose_v that_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o show_v act_n of_o charity_n or_o
god_n have_v give_v he_o a_o right_a to_o all_o thing_n they_o shall_v in_o any_o passion_n or_o rash_a and_o inconsiderate_a humour_n fancy_v necessary_a for_o that_o end_n though_o it_o real_o tend_v to_o their_o destruction_n or_o that_o of_o other_o innocent_a man_n so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v think_v the_o blood_n of_o his_o dear_a friend_n will_v cure_v he_o of_o some_o distemper_n he_o lie_v under_o he_o may_v lawful_o upon_o this_o principle_n murder_v he_o if_o he_o can_v do_v it_o safe_o and_o then_o god_n shall_v have_v give_v man_n a_o right_a of_o destroy_v themselves_o and_o other_o whenever_o they_o think_v though_o false_o that_o it_o conduce_v to_o their_o preservation_n the_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o unreasonable_a appetite_n or_o humour_n since_o such_o a_o unlimited_a right_n or_o rather_o licence_n can_v be_v so_o far_o from_o conduce_v to_o any_o man_n preservation_n that_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v ever_o have_v go_v about_o to_o put_v it_o in_o practice_n it_o will_v have_v long_o since_o produce_v not_o only_o their_o own_o destruction_n but_o that_o of_o all_o mankind_n §_o 3._o and_o if_o mr._n h._n his_o own_o definition_n of_o right_a reason_n be_v true_a art_n seven_o of_o this_o chapter_n that_o it_o be_v a_o liberty_n of_o use_v a_o man_n faculty_n according_a to_o right_a reason_n then_o certain_o right_a reason_n can_v never_o judge_v contradictory_n proposition_n to_o be_v true_a as_o that_o i_o shall_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o right_n to_o all_o thing_n my_o neighbour_n be_v possess_v of_o and_o his_o life_n into_o the_o bargain_n if_o i_o think_v it_o may_v conduce_v to_o my_o self-preservation_n and_o that_o this_o shall_v be_v likewise_o as_o true_a and_o rational_a a_o conclusion_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o like_a right_n against_o i_o since_o the_o word_n right_o be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o writer_n of_o this_o subject_a but_o with_o respect_n to_o some_o law_n either_o natural_a or_o civil_a which_o mr._n h._n acknowledge_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n art_n one_a in_o these_o word_n but_o since_o all_o do_v grant_v that_o to_o be_v do_v by_o right_a which_o be_v not_o do_v contrary_a to_o right_a reason_n we_o ought_v to_o suppose_v that_o do_v by_o injury_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o which_o contradict_v some_o truth_n collect_v from_o true_a principle_n by_o right_a reason_n but_o that_o be_v do_v by_o injury_n which_o be_v do_v against_o some_o law_n therefore_o right_a reason_n be_v a_o certain_a law_n which_o be_v call_v natural_a since_o it_o be_v not_o less_o a_o part_n of_o humane_a nature_n than_o any_o other_o faculty_n or_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o mr._n h._n himself_o confess_v in_o this_o second_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n de_n cive_z §_o 1._o though_o he_o strive_v to_o avoid_v the_o force_n of_o it_o in_o his_o annotation_n to_o this_o article_n where_o by_o right_a reason_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n he_o tell_v we_o he_o do_v not_o thereby_o understand_v as_o many_o do_v any_o infallible_a faculty_n in_o man_n but_o the_o act_n of_o ratiocination_n that_o be_v every_o man_n be_v own_o true_a reason_n concern_v his_o own_o action_n as_o they_o may_v redound_v to_o the_o profit_n or_o hurt_v of_o himself_o or_o other_o man_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o he_o call_v it_o a_o man_n own_o reason_n be_v that_o though_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o reason_n thereof_o that_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o right_v by_o all_o the_o subject_n yet_o out_o of_o a_o commonwealth_n where_o no_o man_n can_v distinguish_v right_a reason_n from_o false_a but_o by_o compare_v it_o with_o his_o own_o every_o man_n be_v own_o reason_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o own_o action_n but_o also_o in_o his_o own_o affair_n for_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o other_o man_n reason_n but_o how_o this_o will_v agree_v with_o what_o follow_v i_o can_v tell_v when_o he_o call_v right_a reason_n that_o which_o conclude_v from_o true_a principle_n because_o that_o in_o false_a ratiocination_n or_o in_o the_o folly_n of_o man_n not_o observe_v those_o duty_n towards_o other_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o their_o own_o preservation_n consist_v all_o the_o violation_n of_o natural_a law_n but_o how_o false_a ratiocination_n or_o folly_n shall_v give_v they_o a_o right_n to_o all_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o act_v thus_o towards_o other_o i_o can_v apprehend_v but_o from_o these_o word_n of_o mr._n h._n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o though_o i_o do_v not_o suppose_v reason_n to_o be_v any_o infallible_a faculty_n any_o more_o than_o the_o cast_n up_o of_o a_o account_n into_o a_o sum_n total_a though_o false_a to_o be_v right_a arithmetic_n or_o true_a count_a yet_o by_o right_a reason_n when_o it_o be_v not_o erroneous_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o true_a exercise_n of_o that_o faculty_n not_o erroneous_a in_o its_o judgement_n and_o therefore_o do_v not_o consist_v in_o the_o bare_a act_n of_o ratiocination_n but_o in_o its_o true_a effect_n that_o be_v when_o true_a proposition_n or_o premise_n be_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o memory_n those_o conclusion_n be_v draw_v from_o thence_o which_o when_o they_o be_v practical_a and_o contain_v true_a moral_a rule_n of_o life_n be_v call_v law_n of_o nature_n §_o 4._o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o public_a reason_n or_o law_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v always_o take_v for_o right_a for_o than_o if_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v enact_v parricide_n ingratitude_n and_o breach_n of_o faith_n to_o be_v exercise_v as_o virtue_n and_o to_o conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n they_o will_v present_o become_v so_o which_o i_o suppose_v neither_o this_o author_n nor_o any_o rational_a man_n will_v affirm_v nor_o be_v his_o other_o proposition_n any_o true_a that_o out_o of_o a_o commonwealth_n no_o man_n can_v distinguish_v right_a reason_n from_o false_a but_o by_o compare_v it_o with_o his_o own_o and_o therefore_o that_o must_v be_v the_o measure_n of_o all_o his_o action_n from_o whence_o he_o deduce_v the_o right_a of_o all_o man_n to_o all_o thing_n which_o argument_n i_o shall_v reduce_v into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o syllogism_n that_o you_o may_v the_o better_a judge_n of_o its_o truth_n it_o be_v lawful_a in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n for_o every_o one_o to_o possess_v all_o thing_n and_o to_o do_v all_o thing_n towards_o all_o man_n which_o some_o judge_n shall_v judge_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o own_o life_n and_o member_n but_o those_o thing_n that_o every_o man_n himself_o shall_v judge_v to_o be_v necessary_a to_o his_o preservation_n those_o the_o only_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n judge_n to_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o end_n for_o he_o have_v prove_v before_o that_o himself_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n what_o thing_n be_v necessary_a for_o his_o preservation_n therefore_o to_o have_v and_o do_v all_o thing_n etc._n etc._n be_v necessary_a for_o a_o man_n be_v own_o preservation_n in_o which_o syllogism_n the_o major_n be_v certain_o false_a because_o though_o a_o man_n self_n be_v the_o sole_a judge_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n yet_o he_o may_v give_v a_o false_a sentence_n and_o suppose_v those_o thing_n to_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o preservation_n which_o real_o be_v not_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n any_o more_o than_o in_o a_o civil_a state_n the_o bare_a sentence_n of_o a_o judge_n shall_v confer_v a_o true_a and_o equitable_a right_n on_o any_o man_n to_o a_o estate_n if_o the_o judge_n determine_v contrary_a to_o all_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n a_o man_n be_v own_o judgement_n can_v confer_v no_o right_n upon_o he_o when_o he_o quit_v the_o only_a true_a rule_n of_o his_o judgement_n which_o in_o this_o state_n can_v only_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o right_a reason_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o mankind_n from_o whence_o only_o they_o be_v draw_v nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o state_n suppose_v either_o natural_a or_o civil_a in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n of_o humane_a judgement_n or_o that_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n mind_n shall_v rash_o suppose_v thing_n to_o be_v that_o they_o must_v present_o become_v such_o as_o he_o have_v fancy_v they_o since_o the_o utility_n of_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o humane_a nature_n depend_v not_o upon_o man_n rash_a judgement_n but_o upon_o the_o force_n of_o their_o natural_a cause_n and_o a_o man_n by_o thus_o false_o judge_v that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a
it_o be_v thus_o natural_o determine_v nor_o will_v he_o allow_v any_o difference_n by_o nature_n between_o man_n and_o other_o creature_n neither_o between_o man_n endue_v with_o reason_n and_o those_o that_o have_v not_o yet_o attain_v the_o use_n of_o it_o neither_o between_o fool_n and_o madman_n and_o other_o that_o be_v of_o sound_a understanding_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v this_o for_o whatever_o any_o creature_n do_v by_o the_o force_n of_o its_o nature_n it_o do_v it_o by_o the_o high_a right_n viz._n because_o it_o act_v as_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n determine_v neither_o be_v it_o able_a to_o act_v otherwise_o therefore_o among_o man_n whilst_o consider_v as_o live_v under_o the_o mere_a empire_n of_o nature_n as_o well_o he_o that_o do_v not_o yet_o understand_v reason_n or_o have_v not_o acquire_v a_o habit_n of_o virtue_n live_v by_o the_o high_a right_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o his_o own_o appetite_n as_o well_o as_o he_o that_o direct_v his_o life_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n so_o that_o as_o a_o wiseman_n have_v a_o right_a to_o all_o thing_n that_o reason_n dictate_v or_o of_o live_v according_a to_o its_o rule_n so_o likewise_o the_o ignorant_a and_o foolish_a have_v a_o like_a right_n to_o all_o thing_n which_o their_o appetite_n desire_v so_o that_o every_o man_n natural_a right_n be_v not_o determine_v by_o right_a reason_n but_o by_o power_n and_o appetite_n for_o all_o man_n be_v not_o natural_o ordain_v to_o operate_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n be_v bear_v ignorant_a of_o all_o thing_n and_o before_o they_o come_v to_o know_v the_o true_a rule_n of_o life_n or_o acquire_v a_o habit_n of_o virtue_n a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o life_n slip_v away_o though_o they_o be_v never_o so_o well_o educate_v and_o therefore_o he_o conclude_v that_o whatever_o any_o one_o do_v in_o order_n as_o he_o think_v to_o his_o own_o preservation_n or_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o sensual_a appetite_n whilst_o he_o be_v in_o this_o mere_a state_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v lawful_a because_o the_o only_a rule_n he_o have_v to_o act_v by_o §_o 9_o have_v give_v you_o all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v for_o this_o wicked_a as_o well_o as_o foolish_a opinion_n in_o their_o own_o word_n i_o shall_v now_o endeavour_v to_o confute_v it_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o i_o observe_v that_o this_o which_o they_o call_v the_o right_n of_o nature_n and_o which_o mr._n h._n define_v to_o be_v a_o state_n of_o perfect_a liberty_n be_v in_o their_o sense_n no_o other_o than_o that_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o reader_n to_o judge_v how_o proper_o this_o word_n right_o belong_v to_o brute_n infant_n and_o fool_n for_o the_o word_n right_o be_v use_v by_o those_o that_o treat_v of_o ethic_n only_o in_o respect_n of_o reasonable_a man_n as_o capable_a of_o deliberation_n and_o judgement_n and_o endue_v with_o freedom_n of_o action_n and_o so_o subject_a to_o law_n for_o to_o call_v that_o necessity_n by_o which_o fish_n devour_v each_o other_o and_o madman_n beat_v their_o keeper_n a_o right_a be_v as_o proper_a to_o talk_v of_o a_o right_n of_o stone_n to_o fall_v downward_o no_o philosopher_n but_o these_o ever_o use_v the_o word_n right_o for_o necessity_n but_o a_o liberty_n leave_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o act_v according_a to_o reason_n 2_o the_o last_o author_n confound_v the_o nature_n of_o beast_n fool_n and_o madman_n who_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n or_o sense_n of_o a_o moral_a good_a and_o evil_a with_o that_o of_o rational_a creature_n who_o be_v ordain_v for_o great_a end_n and_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o high_a law_n than_o that_o of_o mere_a appetite_n or_o passion_n and_o i_o desire_v these_o gentleman_n to_o show_v we_o that_o such_o unreasonable_a appetite_n and_o passion_n do_v necessary_o and_o unevitable_o carry_v man_n to_o act_v constant_o according_a to_o they_o so_o that_o the_o man_n have_v then_o no_o power_n leave_v to_o oppose_v resist_v or_o restrain_v they_o and_o though_o we_o grant_v that_o child_n be_v not_o yet_o sensible_a and_o fool_n and_o madman_n be_v never_o perhaps_o capable_a of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n or_o nature_n and_o so_o can_v be_v subject_a to_o they_o nor_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v among_o voluntary_a agent_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o those_o that_o be_v of_o mature_a age_n and_o sound_a mind_n and_o so_o can_v plead_v invincible_a ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o out_o of_o their_o own_o wilful_a humour_n or_o unreasonable_a appetite_n neglect_v to_o know_v or_o learn_v or_o through_o wilful_a ignorance_n transgress_v it_o shall_v claim_v the_o like_a exemption_n for_o though_o we_o be_v not_o angry_a with_o child_n or_o natural_a fool_n if_o they_o cry_v for_o or_o take_v away_o any_o thing_n they_o see_v and_o pity_v mad_a people_n even_o while_o they_o be_v outrageous_a with_o those_o that_o tend_v they_o yet_o have_v we_o not_o the_o same_o forbearance_n and_o pity_n for_o man_n of_o sound_a mind_n and_o mature_a age_n if_o they_o do_v the_o like_a unreasonable_a thing_n and_o govern_v themselves_o by_o no_o other_o law_n but_o their_o own_o unreasonable_a appetite_n and_o passion_n since_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n both_o to_o have_v know_v and_o act_v otherwise_o and_o to_o have_v deliberate_v and_o judge_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o better_o for_o they_o to_o forbear_v such_o evil_a act_n than_o to_o do_v they_o §_o 10._o neither_o can_n invincible_a ignorance_n be_v any_o excuse_n as_o to_o they_o for_o though_o perhaps_o they_o may_v not_o have_v brain_n fit_a for_o the_o mathematics_n or_o be_v not_o able_a to_o deduce_v all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n from_o their_o true_a principle_n yet_o by_o the_o precept_n of_o other_o as_o well_o as_o their_o own_o reason_n and_o the_o observation_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n as_o well_o as_o other_o man_n they_o may_v easy_o have_v learn_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o honest_a man_n that_o be_v their_o duty_n towards_o their_o neighbour_n by_o that_o golden_a rule_n of_o do_v as_o they_o will_v be_v do_v by_o and_o their_o duty_n towards_o themselves_o by_o endeavour_v their_o own_o true_a happiness_n and_o preservation_n by_o the_o only_a mean_n tend_v thereunto_o viz._n without_o injure_v other_o and_o do_v their_o duty_n towards_o god_n in_o reverence_v he_o and_o obey_v his_o will_n when_o discover_v to_o they_o also_o in_o endeavour_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n and_o all_o which_o principle_n have_v be_v ever_o so_o natural_a to_o man_n that_o they_o have_v in_o all_o age_n acknowledge_v they_o to_o have_v still_o remain_v the_o same_o therefore_o mr._n h._n as_o also_o the_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n last_o mention_v be_v very_o much_o mistake_v so_o direct_o to_o oppose_v our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o the_o rational_a nature_n of_o man_n as_o if_o he_o be_v so_o much_o behold_v to_o art_n for_o they_o that_o he_o can_v never_o have_v acquire_v they_o himself_o without_o teach_v which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v that_o because_o most_o man_n learn_v arithmetic_n therefore_o it_o be_v so_o absolute_o beside_o or_o above_o nature_n that_o no_o man_n ever_o attain_v it_o of_o himself_o which_o be_v contrary_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o experience_n since_o both_o arithmetic_n and_o geometry_n as_o also_o ethic_n must_v have_v be_v natural_a to_o those_o that_o first_o teach_v they_o but_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v by_o mr._n h_n own_o concession_n that_o reason_n and_o experience_n be_v as_o natural_a to_o humane_a nature_n as_o hunt_v be_v to_o dog_n be_v though_o in_o both_o of_o they_o there_o be_v require_v both_o exercise_n and_o experience_n to_o learn_v it_o §_o 11._o nor_o do_v mr._n h_n excuse_n which_o he_o give_v we_o in_o the_o 13_o chapter_n of_o his_o leviathan_n signify_v any_o thing_n viz._n that_o man_n passion_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v no_o sin_n nor_o the_o action_n which_o proceed_v from_o they_o as_o long_o as_o they_o see_v no_o power_n which_o can_v prohibit_v they_o for_o neither_o can_v a_o law_n be_v know_v before_o it_o be_v make_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v make_v till_o they_o have_v agree_v upon_o a_o legislator_n to_o which_o may_v be_v easy_o answer_v that_o mr._n h._n all_o along_o proceed_v upon_o this_o false_a supposition_n that_o god_n be_v not_o a_o legislator_n without_o divine_a revelation_n nor_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v proper_o his_o law_n both_o which_o assertion_n if_o they_o have_v be_v prove_v false_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n it_o will_v certain_o follow_v that_o