Selected quad for the lemma: duty_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
duty_n	action_n	good_a	law_n	1,011	5	4.8972	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52414	The charge of schism continued being a justification of the author of Christian blessedness for his charging the separatists with schism, not withstanding the toleration : in a letter to a city-friend.	Norris, John, 1657-1711.	1691 (1691)	Wing N1245; ESTC R40651	37,244	145

that_o any_o law_n will_v oblige_v let_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v never_o so_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a or_o the_o authority_n whereby_o it_o be_v make_v never_o so_o incompetent_a provide_v it_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o sufficient_a sanction_n for_o the_o sanction_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o only_a fountain_n of_o obligation_n that_o be_v present_a and_o in_o such_o measure_n as_o be_v requisite_a the_o obligation_n must_v needs_o follow_v as_o every_o effect_n do_v upon_o the_o be_v of_o its_o entire_a and_o adequate_a cause_n second_o it_o will_v also_o follow_v that_o no_o law_n can_v oblige_v constant_o unless_o it_o be_v back_v with_o the_o great_a penalty_n that_o be_v absolute_o possible_a for_o since_o the_o law_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v all_o its_o obligation_n from_o the_o penalty_n then_o where_o there_o be_v the_o great_a penalty_n there_o will_v be_v the_o great_a obligation_n and_o consequent_o if_o the_o case_n shall_v so_o happen_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v threaten_v i_o if_o i_o do_v not_o transgress_v the_o law_n with_o a_o great_a punishment_n than_o the_o law_n do_v in_o case_n i_o do_v i_o be_o then_o discharge_v from_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n as_o be_v under_o a_o great_a obligation_n and_o may_v innocent_o transgress_v it_o though_o it_o be_v the_o law_n even_o of_o god_n himself_o which_o at_o one_o blow_n will_v strike_v off_o the_o constant_a obligation_n of_o the_o whole_a jewish_n law_n for_o the_o law_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v to_o they_o only_o by_o temporal_a penalty_n and_o those_o not_o always_o the_o great_a even_o of_o the_o same_o kind_a and_o order_n if_o a_o jew_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v tempt_v to_o transgress_v the_o law_n as_o he_o easy_o might_n by_o a_o great_a punishment_n than_o the_o law_n will_v inflict_v upon_o he_o for_o transgress_v it_o upon_o this_o supposition_n that_o the_o law_n receive_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o penalty_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o he_o will_v be_v release_v from_o the_o obligation_n of_o his_o law_n which_o i_o think_v be_v absurd_a enough_o but_o to_o this_o i_o further_o add_v three_o if_o the_o law_n be_v to_o receive_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o sanction_n than_o we_o must_v suppose_v it_o therefore_o to_o oblige_v because_o it_o make_v it_o reasonable_a or_o eligible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o do_v so_o or_o so_o that_o he_o may_v avoid_v such_o a_o punishment_n for_o that_o be_v all_o the_o engagement_n to_o action_n that_o the_o sanction_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o add_v but_o if_o this_o be_v all_o this_o be_v not_o to_o oblige_v in_o duty_n but_o only_o in_o point_n of_o prudence_n which_o indeed_o be_v not_o proper_o to_o oblige_v at_o all_o since_o otherwise_o all_o rational_a inducement_n will_v be_v law_n indeed_o the_o proposal_n of_o a_o penalty_n may_v be_v a_o good_a ground_n of_o persuasion_n why_o a_o man_n shall_v do_v so_o as_o the_o law_n direct_v but_o it_o can_v be_v no_o more_o it_o can_v lay_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o conscience_n or_o make_v it_o sin_n to_o do_v otherwise_o it_o may_v move_v determine_v and_o in_o some_o case_n secure_v the_o choice_n but_o it_o can_v oblige_v the_o will._n to_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o law_n oblige_v by_o and_o from_o the_o sanction_n be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v that_o it_o do_v not_o oblige_v at_o all_o since_o than_o it_o can_v oblige_v only_o by_o way_n of_o persuasion_n and_o rational_a inducement_n which_o indeed_o be_v not_o strict_o and_o proper_o to_o oblige_v the_o truth_n be_v upon_o this_o supposition_n the_o most_o excellent_a law_n of_o the_o most_o sacred_a authority_n in_o the_o world_n will_v oblige_v no_o otherwise_o than_o the_o demand_v of_o a_o thief_n upon_o the_o highway_n the_o thief_n bid_v i_o deliver_v or_o he_o will_v pistol_n i_o the_o law_n bid_v i_o do_v thus_o or_o i_o shall_v be_v punish_v i_o yield_v up_o my_o money_n to_o the_o thief_n to_o avoid_v be_v pistole_v and_o i_o yield_v my_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n to_o avoid_v be_v punish_v it_o be_v possible_a here_o that_o the_o motive_n of_o action_n in_o both_o case_n may_v be_v the_o same_o viz._n the_o avoid_n of_o evil._n but_o i_o hope_v nobody_o will_v be_v so_o gross_a as_o to_o say_v that_o the_o obligation_n in_o both_o case_n be_v alike_o too_o that_o the_o law_n oblige_v no_o otherwise_o than_o the_o command_n of_o a_o thief_n when_o he_o come_v to_o rob_v i_o and_o yet_o this_o must_v be_v say_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o law_n have_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o sanction_n for_o then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o all_o its_o obligation_n come_v to_o this_o that_o it_o make_v it_o reasonable_a and_o eligible_a for_o i_o to_o do_v such_o a_o action_n to_o avoid_v such_o a_o evil_a and_o so_o do_v the_o thief_n four_o if_o the_o law_n oblige_v pure_o in_o virtue_n of_o the_o sanction_n than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o law_n will_v oblige_v no_o further_o than_o the_o sanction_n reach_v consequent_o it_o will_v not_o oblige_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n who_o be_v acknowledge_v not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n but_o this_o be_v more_o than_o the_o great_a stickler_n for_o prerogative_n will_v allow_v and_o indeed_o be_v against_o the_o general_a sense_n of_o the_o great_a master_n of_o law_n whether_o common_a or_o civil_a who_o general_o yield_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o be_v under_o the_o directive_n though_o not_o under_o the_o coercive_a power_n of_o the_o law_n and_o if_o so_o than_o the_o preceptive_a do_v not_o oblige_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o coercive_a since_o it_o be_v allow_v to_o oblige_v where_o the_o coercive_a do_v not_o reach_v five_o this_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o law_n be_v receive_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o sanction_n will_n in_o the_o consequence_n of_o it_o make_v all_o law_n pure_o penal_a that_o be_v such_o as_o do_v not_o oblige_v absolute_o to_o the_o fact_n but_o only_o conditional_o either_o to_o the_o fact_n or_o to_o the_o penalty_n and_o which_o therefore_o be_v equal_o satisfy_v either_o by_o do_v what_o be_v express_v or_o by_o suffer_v what_o be_v entail_v upon_o the_o omission_n of_o it_o for_o if_o the_o law_n be_v suppose_v to_o oblige_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o penalty_n which_o it_o propose_v than_o its_o obligation_n come_v to_o this_o that_o i_o must_v do_v such_o a_o thing_n because_o otherwise_o i_o must_v suffer_v such_o a_o punishment_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o if_o i_o do_v not_o such_o a_o thing_n i_o must_v suffer_v such_o a_o punishment_n which_o will_v again_o at_o last_o be_v resolve_v into_o this_o that_o either_o i_o must_v do_v so_o or_o suffer_v so_o which_o though_o it_o oblige_v i_o disjunctive_o leave_v i_o at_o full_a liberty_n as_o to_o the_o determination_n of_o my_o choice_n which_o express_v the_o true_a form_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o pure_a penal_a law_n but_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v say_v that_o all_o law_n be_v pure_o penal_a for_o then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o sin_n but_o only_o where_o the_o penalty_n be_v decline_v or_o resist_v the_o consequence_n of_o which_o again_o will_v be_v that_o all_o the_o sin_n that_o be_v in_o the_o world_n will_v only_o be_v against_o human_a law_n and_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o sin_v against_o god_n because_o the_o divine_a justice_n can_v neither_o be_v evade_v nor_o resist_v which_o be_v a_o consequence_n that_o will_v make_v strange_a alteration_n and_o introduce_v as_o strange_a confusion_n in_o the_o system_fw-la of_o the_o moral_a and_o intellectual_a world_n six_o and_o last_o if_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n proceed_v from_o the_o sanction_n than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o i_o be_o therefore_o oblige_v to_o do_v because_o i_o must_v suffer_v for_o not_o do_v but_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o the_o reverse_n of_o it_o be_v so_o for_o i_o must_v therefore_o suffer_v for_o not_o do_v because_o i_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v for_o i_o must_v suffer_v because_o i_o sin_v otherwise_o my_o suffer_v will_v be_v unjust_a and_o i_o can_v not_o sin_n if_o i_o be_v not_o under_o a_o obligation_n which_o be_v thus_o pre-supposed_n and_o antecedent_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o undergo_a the_o penalty_n which_o be_v what_o i_o call_v the_o sanction_n can_v possible_o be_v found_v upon_o it_o or_o proceed_v from_o it_o this_o last_o argument_n prove_v not_o only_o that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o derive_v its_o whole_a obligation_n from_o the_o sanction_n but_o also_o that_o no_o part_n or_o degree_n of_o it_o be_v thence_o derive_v for_o if_o the_o whole_a obligation_n be_v as_o be_v suppose_v antecedent_n to_o the_o

penalty_n then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v or_o can_v be_v derive_v from_o it_o to_o which_o i_o further_o add_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sanction_n be_v to_o move_v and_o engage_v man_n to_o pay_v that_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n which_o they_o owe._n it_o be_v indeed_o one_o of_o the_o forcible_a and_o violent_a way_n of_o recover_v a_o debt_n a_o debt_n which_o man_n owe_v to_o the_o law_n and_o which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o owe_v it_o can_v not_o be_v just_o exact_v from_o they_o under_o a_o penalty_n here_o then_o be_v duty_n and_o obligation_n suppose_v in_o order_n of_o nature_n at_o least_o as_o antecedent_n to_o the_o sanction_n and_o to_o which_o the_o sanction_n be_v to_o serve_v as_o a_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n so_o in_o the_o measure_n of_o reason_v that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o derive_v its_o obligation_n nor_o any_o part_n or_o degree_n of_o it_o from_o the_o sanction_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v virtual_o at_o least_o contain_v in_o those_o well-known_a word_n of_o the_o apostle_n wherefore_o you_o must_v needs_o 13._o be_v subject_a not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o also_o for_o conscience_n sake_n there_o be_v i_o know_v some_o dispute_n concern_v the_o mean_v and_o concern_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o former_a clause_n but_o whatever_o be_v mean_v by_o subjection_n here_o and_o how_o far_o soever_o it_o be_v to_o extend_v this_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v certain_a that_o this_o subjection_n whatever_o it_o be_v be_v by_o the_o apostle_n press_v from_o a_o double_a principle_n wrath_n and_o conscience_n which_o he_o plain_o distinguish_v one_o from_o another_o as_o two_o different_a ground_n and_o inducement_n to_o subjection_n you_o must_v needs_o be_v subject_a not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o also_o for_o conscience_n that_o be_v not_o only_o to_o avoid_v punishment_n but_o also_o out_o of_o a_o sense_n of_o duty_n and_o obligation_n which_o be_v here_o make_v not_o only_o a_o distinct_a but_o a_o further_a degree_n of_o argument_n for_o subjection_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o apostle_n the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o from_o the_o sanction_n because_o if_o so_o he_o need_v only_o have_v say_v you_o must_v be_v subject_a for_o wrath_n which_o will_v have_v be_v sufficient_a as_o include_v the_o other_o but_o whereas_o he_o make_v a_o contradistinction_n between_o they_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o that_o be_v subject_a only_a for_o wrath_n be_v not_o subject_a for_o conscience_n and_o consequent_o that_o obligation_n in_o conscience_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o wrath_n but_o from_o some_o other_o principle_n if_o it_o be_v then_o demand_v whence_o do_v the_o law_n receive_v its_o obligation_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o my_o present_a purpose_n to_o have_v show_v that_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v it_o from_o the_o sanction_n but_o if_o a_o more_o positive_a answer_n must_v be_v give_v i_o say_v that_o the_o law_n have_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n who_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o authority_n have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v obey_v and_o to_o exact_a obedience_n by_o punishment_n in_o all_o his_o just_a command_n and_o this_o they_o will_v at_o length_n be_v drive_v to_o acknowledge_v who_o derive_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n from_o the_o sanction_n for_o when_o they_o say_v that_o the_o law_n oblige_v by_o and_o from_o the_o sanction_n they_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v if_o their_o sense_n be_v draw_v out_o more_o at_o length_n that_o the_o law_n oblige_v i_o to_o do_v so_o because_o it_o oblige_v i_o to_o suffer_v for_o not_o do_v so_o but_o pray_v how_o come_v the_o law_n to_o oblige_v i_o to_o the_o latter_a to_o suffer_v for_o not_o do_v so_o be_v this_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o other_o sanction_n but_o so_o we_o may_v run_v on_o to_o infinity_o it_o must_v be_v therefore_o by_o something_o else_o and_o what_o shall_v that_o be_v but_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o if_o this_o be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o authorize_v the_o sanction_n why_o shall_v it_o not_o also_o authorize_v the_o law_n if_o it_o be_v further_o ask_v whence_o have_v the_o lawgiver_n his_o authority_n i_o answer_v if_o he_o be_v a_o creature_n he_o have_v it_o from_o god_n who_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a fountain_n of_o all_o power_n but_o if_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v god_n he_o have_v it_o original_o and_o independent_o in_o himself_o but_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o more_o super-eminency_n of_o his_o nature_n as_o some_o say_v or_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o creation_n as_o other_o let_v they_o dispute_v that_o abound_v with_o more_o leisure_n than_o i_o do_v and_o want_v better_a employment_n but_o though_o the_o sanction_n do_v not_o give_v the_o law_n its_o obligation_n or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o may_v it_o not_o however_o be_v necessary_a to_o it_o yes_o if_o make_v so_o by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n as_o i_o say_v before_o establish_v such_o a_o connexion_n between_o they_o that_o upon_o the_o cease_v of_o the_o one_o the_o other_o also_o shall_v cease_v but_o not_o in_o any_o wise_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o if_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o necessary_a it_o must_v either_o be_v as_o a_o cause_n or_o as_o a_o condition_n that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o a_o cause_n we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v already_o by_o show_v that_o it_o have_v no_o part_n in_o effect_v or_o produce_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o must_v be_v necessary_a as_o a_o condition_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o i_o will_v now_o brief_o show_v by_o a_o condition_n i_o understand_v that_o which_o though_o it_o have_v no_o causal_n influence_n upon_o the_o effect_n yet_o it_o so_o determine_v the_o efficient_a cause_n to_o act_v as_o that_o without_o it_o it_o will_v not_o act_v as_o for_o instance_n the_o open_n of_o a_o window_n though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o enlighten_v the_o room_n for_o it_o do_v not_o efficient_o enlighten_v it_o yet_o it_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o it_o as_o be_v that_o without_o which_o the_o sun_n will_v not_o enlighten_v it_o or_o to_o come_v somewhat_o near_o home_n the_o promulgation_n of_o a_o law_n though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o its_o obligation_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o it_o as_o be_v that_o without_o which_o the_o law_n will_v not_o oblige_v now_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o this_o sense_n necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o it_o to_o which_o i_o answer_v by_o no_o mean_n for_o since_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n be_v suppose_v to_o owe_v its_o birth_n not_o to_o the_o sanction_n of_o it_o but_o to_o other_o cause_n which_o have_v be_v prove_v already_o there_o can_v be_v no_o manner_n of_o reason_n pretend_v why_o the_o sanction_n will_v be_v a_o condition_n necessary_a to_o the_o actual_a oblige_v of_o it_o but_o only_o as_o it_o may_v be_v esteem_v a_o sign_n that_o such_o a_o proposition_n be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n for_o the_o law_n have_v its_o whole_a and_o full_a authority_n within_o its_o self_n independent_o on_o the_o sanction_n needs_o only_o a_o public_a sign_n that_o it_o be_v indeed_o the_o will_n of_o such_o a_o power_n to_o make_v it_o actual_o oblige_v if_o therefore_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a it_o must_v be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n but_o that_o end_n be_v already_o sufficient_o answer_v and_o satisfy_v by_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o law_n it_o can_v pretend_v to_o any_o such_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o to_o none_o at_o all_o and_o according_o we_o see_v that_o even_o a_o solemn_a promulgation_n itself_o when_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n cease_v absolute_o to_o be_v necessary_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o because_o it_o may_v be_v and_o be_v otherwise_o know_v than_o by_o a_o solemn_a publication_n of_o it_o render_v that_o circumstance_n whole_o unnecessary_a the_o sum_n be_v if_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a it_o be_v necessary_a as_o a_o public_a sign_n that_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n suppose_v to_o be_v further_o want_v where_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o sufficient_o authentic_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a on_o that_o account_n because_o of_o the_o promulgation_n which_o full_o and_o direct_o serve_v to_o that_o end_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o necessary_a but_o may_v not_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n where_o the_o law_n be_v not_o