left in the saints in this world to keep them low and vile in their own eyes to make them prize and value the blood of Christ which cleanseth them from all sin to keep them from going about to establish their owne righteousnesse to make them desire to be dissolved to be with Christ to imbitter the world to them to let them see their owne weakenesse and nothingnesse and in judgment to the world that they are oftentimes hardened and prejudiced against the wayes of God by the failings and spots of Gods children but they are saints for all this remainder of corruption and I doe believe a man in the Authors second Image may complaine of this as well as Paul and others But the Author goes on and saith as v. 19. that these in the first Image the good which they would doe that they doe not and the evill which they would not doe that they do Which surely is true of all Saints in this world they do not pray hear meditate live unto God as they desire and by the remainders of corruption are often hindered from doing the good which they would and surely were it not that it is so at present with the best saints that they cannot doe the good which they would they would be more holy and heavenly and spiritual and thankfull and sincere and active for God then they are if they could do the things which they would and again were it not that the saints are so that the evill which they would not that they doe there would not be that pride deadness earthliness in the saints that there is for they pray against their corruptions with strong crying and teares and had rather be freed from them then from any crosses and afflictions whatsoever thus we have examined whither Paul in the seventh of the Romans doth represent in his owne person a man that is in the Authors first image and nor in a saving state we see the contrary that Paul here doth personate the true saints and what is there said is true of all saints this side glory Page 207. He saith these are but after such a manner Christs house as is intimated Heb. 3.6 whose house are we if we hold fast the confidence and the rejoycing of the hope firme unto the end But this place proveth not that any are the house and of the family of Christ that yet do perish and miscarry for ever but quite contrary that none are his house and of his family but those that do hold fast the faith and endure to the end that this perseverance is an evidence of true grace as Christ said if you continue to the end then are ye my disciples indeed else you are my disciples but in shew so if you hold fast the confidence and faith which you professe to have in the Lord Jesus then you are Christs house indeed else you have but onely a name to live a name to be Christs house members and this Author must needs according to the tenour of his judgement make the confidence here spoken of to be but such as a man hath in the first image and he maketh the throwing it up and not the keeping of it to be the way to be saved Page 208. He saith This state is called in Scripture the first faith which may be departed from and prove a faith that failes I suppose the place of Scripture the Author meanes is 1 Tim. 5.12 the Apostle is there speaking of widdowes for the service of the Church to visit the sicke and the like and wisheth them not to chuse young women to that office for he saith when they have waxed wanton against Christ they will marry having damnation because they have forsaken their first faith there is no necessity that we should understand here by damnation eternall damnation but that they are to be faulted and condemned for going from their faith and promise to continue single for the service of the Church if we will understand it of faith in Christ then those that leave it did but seem to have it as in these parables one Evangelist saith from him shall be taken that which he hath the other Evangelist explaines it thus that which he seemeth to have so many men leave the faith sincerity holyness which they once seemed to have but however this place be understood it will make nothing for this Auther for they are said to have damnation because they left their first faith now if this first faith were the Authors first image yet he maketh not the leaving of this first image but the keeping it and siting downe in it to be mens damnation Page 209. He makes Christs second appearance spoken of 1 Tim. 6.14 to be the higher image that the first image is to be kept without spot unto But that appearing of Jesus Christ is his 2. coming when he shall come with 10000. of his saints to execute judgment upon all that are ungodly and take to him his great power and raign but it s the Authors way to make scripture bow downe to his image and so in the same page he makes the Angells calling to Jacob to let him go Gen. 32.26 that Angell to signifie the first Image which calls to be let goe because of the day breake of Christs second coming the higher Image he that shall thus expound Scripture may even say what he will and surely if the Author doth not quote these and most of the Scriptures he quotes meerly for illustration and to use Scripture phrase and not at all to prove what he is about he will be deeply guilty of that which the Apostles call wresting of the Scriptures Page 210. He saith these are said 1 Tim. 1.19 5.12 to have faith accompanied with a good conscience but such as may be lost and shipwrackt The words are these holding faith and a good conscience which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwrack Now what is the faith that Paul bids Timothy hold fast here not so much the grace of faith in his owne heart but it is the doctrine of faith as Paul saith of himself elsewhere I have fought a good fight I have kept the faith and so he would have Timothy against all opposers and this doctrine of faith he had said downe in ver 15. which was this that Christ came into the world to save sinners now Hymenus and Phyletus and such as had onely received a notionall knowledge of this doctrine had not received this truth in the love and power of it not having a good conscience and hearts brought to the obedience of Christ concerning this faith they made shipwrack God gave them up to strong delusions to believe a lie they fell into errors concerning the faith and waies of Christ and said the resurrection was past already and so overthrew the faith of some that were perswaded of the contrary before so that this place proveth not that men may have true faith in
ANIMADVERSIONS UPON Sir HENRY VANES Book ENTITULED The Retired Mans Meditations EXAMINING His Doctrine concerning Adam's Fall Christs Person and Sufferings Justification Common and Special Grace And many other things in his Book By Martin Finch Preacher of the Gospel And they shall turn away their eares from the truth and shall be turned unto Fables 2 Tim. 4.4 LONDON Printed for Joseph Barber and are sold at the Lamb in Pauls Church-yard 1656. To the Reader Reader ALL â—ruths whatsoever are precious as coming from a God of immense truth and goodness and as tending to the deliverance of poor creatures from the slavery wherein all are naturally held The more clearly truth breaks forth and shines the more doth the great Enemy who is a lyar and the Father of lyes oppose it In shaking times nothing doth more discover a disciple of Christ indeed then continuing in Christs words he hath promised that such shall know the truth and the truth shal make them free We never had more need to put the promise in suit ye shall know the truth then at this day when so many study to darken it and by cunning craftinesse lie in wait to deceive Of all truths those about Justification are the most precious and the least diminution of that must needs wound the heart deep where it is clearly evidenced that is indeed the Pearl if that be safe all is safe Whether this be intrenched upon or no by the book that is here answered the spiritual Reader can easily judge The Gentleman is known to be a man of great honour and of eminent parts but truth is most honourable of all all titles must stoop to it and it will be justified against whomsoever by her children The Answerer though he have not followed the Author from point to point yet hath cleared those passages that seemed to be most dangerous and yet without any gall or bitterness I dare say out of meer zeal to truth having as high and honorable thoughts of the Gentleman opposed as can consist with sincerity and uprightness of Christian charity The Lord keep us in the wayes of truth and peace remove all heart-burnings and self-interests Pride was the first sin that brought us low and keeps us low and I fear the last that we shall conquer The good Lord make us see our Emptiness help us to return all we have and are to him that is the Fountain and God of all grace and glory that he in all things may be glorified and Christ be set up in his Royalty and Majesty Reader If thou hast any interest in him who is a God hearing prayers pray for him who though he be lesse then the least of all Gods mercies and servants yet delighteth more to be known of God by name that nâ—â— nsme and to be in the hearts and pravers of his people by thousands of degrees then to be known upon any civil respect by his civil name ROBERT ALFORD To the Reader Reader IT pleased this Noble Knight upon his retirment after he had been such a great blessing in publique affairs to the Nation to set himself more closely then before to the study of Gospel-mysteries a thing little minded by mâ—st of the great ones Knights and Nobles of this world most of that rancke adicting themselves to profaness and vanity making use of the large portion that God hath given them under the Sun to treasure up more wrath against the day of wrath It were well if others of his rancke and quality in the world were provoked by his example to study the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus our Lord. This Author hath not contented himself in the shallows but hath waded into the deeps of Divinity possibly so far sometimes as that he cannot feel the ground of Scripture Alas the best are but men and great parts and a swinge of reason are great temptations unless our thoughts and reasonings be brought into captivity to the obedience of Christ And indeed it bath pleased God to leave this Noble Author in his serious enquiry into Gospel-mysteries to much darkness and many wide mistakes in the great points of the Gospel The desire of some godly friends and the unsetledness of others in those matters being too much like little children tost to and fro with every wind of doctrine with something else that I shall not mention put me upon these Animadversions upon his Book concerning which I shall desire the Reader to take notice 1. That I had no intent to have published these sew sheets if I could have seen it done by another I finisht what I have done in November last and kept them by me desiring some other might do this work which I had once some hopes of but was afterwards enformed that it would not be and so have now sent them to the Press in the same crasso filo in which I first writ them which I did at spare hours in a months time 2. What I have written is not for the learned but for weak Christians 3. I have written but little of the Trinity because the Authors judgement is hard to find out about it that I knew not where to have him and indeed it is such an inscrutable mystery that it is rather to be adored and believed then disputed 4. I have endeavoured to be brief because books are so many whereby men are hindred from reading of the Scriptures for which cause Luther wisht his books burnt that if I wrote it should be as little as might be 5. If thou seest me to be in the right and this Noble Knight to be mistaken in the darke neither censure him nor despise his other gifts but if thou beest godly pray for him that wherein he is mistaken and otherwaies minded from the truth and Saints of God that God would reveal even that unto him for surely he would welcome any light and would not turn aside from the truth and flocks of Christs companions the time is not yet come that the Saints should be of one minâ— and judgement the Lord hasten the accomplishment of the gracious promises he hath made in that behalf and grant that we may in the mean while wherein we differ be found speaking the truth in love Eph. 4.15 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Truthifying as some render it in love and not in gall and bitterness not seeking one anothers disgrace and shame but the finding out and maintaining the truth of Christ 6. If thon thinkest any passages unseemly or any way reflecting upon that noble Author Impute it to the hastiness of my writing assuring thy self it was not premeditated truly I would not detract any way from his worth whom I so seriously honour but for writing plainly to my light and conscience I beg no excuse And let the Reader consider that these things which are here handled are the main points of the Gospel the foundation of all our comfort and hope the things by which we live and in which is
and it may be in the same page tells us they go about to establish their own righteousness To conclude this Chapter after the Author hath so cryed up the attainments of men in his first image as we have seen when he hath affirmed them to be called out of the world Christ made their righteousnesse in a way of justification and told us how they are one flesh one body with Christ knit and married to Christ faithful walkers with Christ he tells us very fairly at last Page 361. That these are the devills subjects though he telleth us in that same page that they owne themselves in a professed subjection and conformity to the law of God that is to what is righteous holy and good in its nature and not onely as it is within themselves but as they are made righteous in another viz. Jesus Christ the righteous Truly we never thought the devill had such subjects but the Author could not this Gordian knot if he were set about it for if righteous in Christ in a way of justification and sanctified by his blood how are they the devills subjects nay the Author before had told us they were Christs subjects and a man at the same time cannot be Christs subject and the devils subject a man is translated from the power of darknesse when he is translated into the Kingdome of Christ Thus have we examined the Authors notions concerning men in his first image so full of contradiction to themselves and the truth Now to examine his doctrine about men in his higher image which he maketh a saving state shall be the work of the next Chapter CHAP. IV. Examines the Authors doctrine about his higher Image which he counts a saving state HE tels us Page 7. That this higher Image is the communion of the Holy Ghost 2 Cor. 13.14 which Paul wishes unto them after the grace they had shared in from Jesus Christ our Lord as the common salvation Jude 3. and as the fruit of the love of God the Father This shews the Author to be a Critick indeed as if a man might have the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ and yet be shut out for ever from the love of God the Father and the communion of the Holy Ghost but what is it to have the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ but to have the pardoning strengthning sanctifying quickning grace of the Lord Jesus and he that hath this to be sure hath the love of God he both loveth God and God loveth him and this communion of the Holy Ghost is an effect of the love of God and the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ who giveth the blessed Spirit to those who are partakers of his grace and righteousnesse to sanctifie them wholly comfort them lead them into all truth and seale them to the day of redemption and the common salvation spoken of Jude 3. which the Authour quotes is the grace of God which bringeth salvation to all true Believers Gentiles as well as Jews called there common because this righteousness of God which is by faith in Jesus Christ is upon all and unto all them that believe whether Jews or Gentiles for the same Lord is rich in mercy to justifie and save all that believe on him though they be not Jews by nature but sinners of the Gentiles in this respect is the grace and righteousness that is in Christ called common salvation and not that it is common to them that are eternally saved and to them that perish Page 58. He describes the higher Image to be a beholding of Gods very similitude open and bare faced But is this saving faith to be beholding Gods very similitude open and bare faced as the Authors phrase is Alas we can have no access to him as an absolute God with comfort and for salvation without relation to a Mediator sesus the surety of the better Testament John 14.6 No man commeth to the father but by him and he saveth them that come to God by him Hebr. 7.25 that is true saving faith not the seeing of Gods similitude open and bare faced but how much better doth the Apostle describe faith and saving grace 2 Cor. 4.6 where he calleth it Gods shining into our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ There is a very neere approach to God that the Saints shall have in glory and a glorious view of him in the beatifical vision in glory but that is not faith but glorification not here but hereafter as God told Moses Exod. 33. No man shall see my face and live But blessed be the Lord for ever that he puts us into the clift of the Rock the Lord Jesus and there we see his goodnesse passing before us and hear him proclaming his name the Lord the Lord God gratious and abundant in mercy and that by beleiving in Christ we are his children and that because we are thus his sons he sendeth the spirit of his son into our hearts whereby we can call him Abba Father this is unspeakable comfort to us in our present state that we thus know that we are now the sons of God though yet it doth not fully appear to us what we shall be but we know that when he shall appear even Jesus Christ the righteous that we shall be like him and see him as he is as 1 John 3.3 and however others pretend to see God in his very similitude open and bare faced we confess as 1 Cor. 13.12 that we now see but through a glass darkly though we yet expect at that day break of eternal brightness in Heaven to see face to face and know as we are known That which the Author saith of saving faith and the higher Image p. 75 76. we will grant taking it in a good sense and with this caution that what he there saith is improperly called the newbirth but rather glorification and that his expressions are too liable to mistakes but for quietness sake we will pass them by and come to Page 139. He saith these in the higher Image are under the ministery of Christs second appear ance wherein he doth not only appear a King of righteousness conveying a seed of righteousness answerable to that perfection commanded by the Law but also a King of peace conveying a seed of everlasting peace But the Author must know that where Christ is to any soul a King of righteousnesse he is also a King of peace The peace of God which passeth all understanding for its sweetness and comfort is an effect of Christs righteousness and so saith the Scripture Isaiah 30.17 the work of righteousness shall be peace to wit peace with God the effect of righteousness to wit Christs righteousness quietness and assurance for ever for as Rom. 5.1 being justified by faith that is by Christ and his righteousness believed in we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ so that this is the difference
in his death and sufferings that he partakes of the benefit of that bloody sacrifice such a fellowship and share he hath in Christs sufferings that what Christ did in suffering for his sins is imputed to him by an act of the free arace of the Pather as if he himselfe had done it Again the believer is called into fellowship with Jesus in persecution that he suffers with him is despised with him and thus as the Apostle saith As Christ was so are we in this present World without form or comeliness of no reputation in the worlds account Sometimes Regeneration is set out by a planting into the likeness of Christs death Rom. 6.5 10 11. Christ in that he died he died unto sin once but in that he liveth he liveth unto God and we are planted into the likenesse of his death when as v. 11. we likewise are dead indeed unto sin and live unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord that as it follows v. 12. sin doth not reign in our mortal bodies that we should obey it in the lusts thereof Again sometimes Regeneration is set out by putting on the Lord Jâ—sus Christ as Rom. 13.14 Then it shewes how the true believer puts on the rigteousnesse of the Lord Jesus is willing to be uncloathed of the menstruous rags of his own righteousnesse that he may be cloathed upon with the righteousnesse of Christ Sometimes also it is set out in Scripture by comming unto Christ and taking his yoke upon us as Matth. 11. ult to shew us how the true believer is submitted and given up to Christ is his servant is under his voke under his rule and government is willing to be ruled and governed and commanded by Christ whose commandements are not grievous Sometimes Regeneration is set out by fleeing for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before as in the Gospel so Heb. 6.18 to shew us that the true believer seeth his lost estate without Christ and fleeth unto Christ as a City of refuge from the Avenger of blood and whereas there is mercy and life and pardon and righteousnesse tendred to sinners in the Gospel and open proclamation that whosoever will may come and take of the water of life freely and sorgivenesse of sins grace and glory is preached in Christs name this soule hath laid hold upon this hope set before him accepted of this grace accepted of these terms of mercy and peaee and so layes down armes against Christ True Regeneration is a difficult thing and therefore there is great need of the Seal of the Spirit to satisfie us about the work of grace upon our hearts for there is a counterfeit faith and a counterfeit repentance there is both an acquired faith and an infused faith there is a believing that is only a work of a mans understanding and not the work of the Spirit Rom. 10.10 With the heart man believeth to righteousnesse It is not enough to assent with the understanding it s a marvellous difficult thing to find out the difference between that faith that is of a mans own making upon conviction and illumination and that faith that is wrought by the spirit of God by way of creation and infusion and therefore thousands in the world are everlastingly cheated and cousened in this matter But when a man comes to be outed of himself of self-righteousnesse and self-strength and self-wisedome and close with Christ in a word of grace in a free promise that is the work To rest in legal conviction to rest upon duties and qualifications to rest in amendment of life to rest in Notions and head-knowledge of Christ and free grace these are false rests but for the soul to be nothing and utterly lost in himselfe and to apply the blood and righteousness of Christ is a safe and saving state for this is the will of the Father that sent him That whosoever seeth the Son and believeth on him should not perish but have everlasting life CHAP. V. Treats of Justification and shews that whosoever is justified by Christs blood and made the righteousnesse of God in him is in a sasing state and shall never come into condemation THe Doctrine of Justification was well called by Luther the Doctrine of the standing or falling of the Church of God this Doctrine so necessary so precious hath this Author miserably mistaken Page 118. He tels us that men in his first image who are not yet in a sasing state have Christ for their righteousnesse in a way of Justification and page 119. tells us this Righteousnesse and Justification the world hath in common with true Believers This Doctrine of his is most dangerous and is most highly dishonourable unto Christ making the blood of the Covenant a common and vain thing that men may be made the righteousnesse of God in Christ and yet not be in a saving state which this Author doth in so many words affirm in that page before mentioned therefore let us treat a little of this blessed doctrine of Justification Justification is to be considered either as an immanent or a transient act in God in the first consideration it is a gracious purpose in God from all eternity not to deal with the Elect according to their sins but to absolve them and forgive them all their trespasses Justification considered as a transient act is Gods justifying and absolving the poor sinner in his own conscience and actually imputing Christs righteousnesse to him when he believeth in him that justifieth the ungodly none but those that are eternally saâ—ed are thus justified for men are not justified and unjustified again as this Author fancies Christ hath taken away the curse of the law from them Gal. 3.13 Now as 1 Cor. 15.46 The strength of sin is the Law the strength and power that sin hath to cast any man into hell is from the Law that the Law is broken and the Law is not satisfied but now Christ having for any man taken away the curse of the Law sinne hath no power to condemn that man it hath no strength and power to doe it for it hath its power from the Law and Christ hath satisfied that and is become the end of the Law for righteousnesse to every one that believeth Rom. 10.4 Who can lay any thing to the charge of those that are thus justified by Christ the Law cannot for Christ hath satisfied the Law and paid it the uttermost farthing yea God through the righteousnesse of Christ is a just God in being a Saviour of them that believe in Christ Christ the surety of the better Testament having paid the debt God is just in being the justifier of him that in Jesus Rom. 3.26 Just to deliver them from going down to the pit for whom Christ hath paid a ransome And so Rom. 5.10 For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the blood of his Son much more being reconciled we shall be saved by his life by hum living and reigning in
born are transgressors from the womb and if leâ—t to our selves grow worse and worse revolt more and more and if what the Author saith were true then every man had power to keep himselfe from unbeliefe for to be sure that is one of the highest provocations for which God swears in his wrath men shall not enter into his rest And the Author here telleth us that men may keep themselves from such provocations and if they have power to keep themselves from unbelief then consequently they have power to believe then farewel the discriminating grace of God his making us to differ we know men have their Wil nots as wel as their Cannots there is both they will not and they cannot they want will and power there is both wilfulnesse and weaknesse such vile and miserable Creatures are we of our selves and let not the Author make our case better then is is let us have a care of Freewill Page 182. and 183. He saith men may have a feare of God to keep them from sinning against him and may have an experimental sense of the emptinesse of their good works to justifie them and yet neither be under the Law nor Believers and so it was with the Centurion who was neither under the Law nor a Believer until Peter came to him and this he speaks in reference to those that are usually called the Heathens But though the Heathen have such a light set up in their understandings according to which their consciences accuse them or excuse them yet where doth the Scripture say that the fear of God keeps them from sinning nay most of them have denied that there is a God that infinite first being of all things and then they could not through the fear of him be kept from sinning and the truth is no man but the true believer is truly kept from sinning through a true fear of God the fear of hell and wrath may be without a true fear of God the true feare of God is a peculiar benefit of the covenant of grace and how have the Heathens an experimental sense of the emptinesse of their good works to justifie them that know not of heaven or hell to come the businesse of justification before God and forgivenesse of sins is not in all their thoughts But let us come to the Centurion and try whether he were thus and whether he was neither acquainted with the Law nor was a Believer before Peter came to him and the tenth chapter of the Acts will resolve us in these things out of that Chapter we may gather that Cornelius was a Proselyte in his beliefe and Religion and so might be a true believer in Christ though he did not know that Christ was already come and therefore the Lord sent Peter to acquaint him with it and so ver 22. shewes us that this Cornelius was of good report among all the Jewes and the word which God sent unto the children of Israel preaching peace by Jesus Christ that word Peter told Cornelius he knew Acts 10.36 37. From all which it is plain that Cornelius was not to be reckoned among the Heathen and that he might be a believer in Christ before Peter câ—me to him he might believe in Christ as to come though he might not have light to believe that he was already come as he was taught afterwards by Peters Sermon Page 183. He saith Paul when he saith that he was alive once without the Law Rom. 7. shews that he lived in good conscience in such a state But when Paul saith he was alive without the law once his meaning is not that he was not acquainted with the Law that was written in Tables of stone but that he was not acquainted with the spirituality of the Law but only made an overly Exposition of it not knowing how the Law reached the thoughts and principles of the heart for otherwise Paul knew the Law and was no Heathen in that sense for he was an Hebrew of the Hebrewes a Jew by father and mother and circumcised the eighth day but it shewes how a man may have the outward knowledge of the Law and yet be without the inward and spiritual knowledge of it Page 197. He saith those that hold general redemption and their opposers that goe under the name of Orthodox doe both bear a true witnesse and a false one against another and both of them oppose and exclude upon divers grounds the true righteous seed that live by faith But they cannot be both in the right in that dispute either Christ did die for the whole race of mankind or he did not and either there is an election from all eternity of a certain number to grace and glory or there is not and so throughout that controversie so that I say they cannot be both in the right in these disputes Well but he saith they both oppose and exclude though upon divers grounds the true righteous feed that live by faith God forbid But if it be so is not the Author one of them for I am sure he holdeth general redemption as his book doth sufficiently witnesse and though those that hold universal redemption are surely mistaken in that yet it doth not follow that they and their opposers therein doe exclude the righteous seed that live by faith for most that hold universal redemption and those that oppose them agree in that to wit that he that truly believeth in Christ shall be saved and no other many who are mistaken about the extent of Christs death are yet sound in the Doctrine of Justification Page 198. He saith those that are for the general extent of Christs death finding the truth of their belief expressed in the Letter of the Gospel as indeed it is satisfie themselves in that and rest there thinking it sufficient to try and judge all men as they reject or own this literal knowledge of the Gospel I shall not mingle so many disputes together or else I might undertake to shew that general redemption is not expressed in the letter of the Gospel if by the letter the Author meanes the meaning and mind of the holy Ghost but that hath been sufficiently witnessed by the worthies of our times but yet this Author doth not doe well to charge all those of that judgement in general that they rest there and try or judge all men as they reject or own that Doctrine for though I have known some that have been so rigid yet it is not so with all there are those of that judgement that do not own all to be saints that believe general redemption neither do they disown others that differ from them in that point but notwithstanding their judgement in that particular they do own or disown men according to their faith in Christ and power of godliness neither do they as the Author saith rest there but hold the necessity of applying the blood of Christ and of a new birth though yet some of them may take up