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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
doctrine_n church_n teach_v tradition_n 3,694 5 9.0240 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A48863 The harmony between the old and present non-conformists principles in relation to the terms of conformity, with respect both to the clergie, and the people : wherein a short history of the original of the English liturgy, and some reasons why several truly conscientious Christians cannot joyn with the church in it : humbly presented to publick consideration in order to the obtaining some necessary relaxation and indulgence : to which are added some letters that pass'd between the Lord Cecil, and Arch-bishop Whitgift. Lobb, Stephen, d. 1699.; Whitgift, John, 1530?-1604.; Burghley, William Cecil, Baron, 1520-1598. 1682 (1682) Wing L2726; ESTC R23045 77,527 105

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be_v to_o edify_v and_o that_o some_o mystical_a ceremony_n be_v of_o this_o nature_n be_v too_o notorious_a to_o be_v deny_v so_o far_o the_o answer_n to_o melius_fw-la inquirendum_fw-la the_o same_o be_v assert_v in_o the_o discourse_n that_o be_v prefix_v unto_o the_o common_a prayer_n concern_v the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n where_o it_o be_v express_v that_o the_o ceremony_n be_v by_o some_o notable_a signification_n design_v to_o stir_v up_o the_o dull_a mind_n of_o man_n to_o the_o remembrance_n of_o their_o duty_n their_o use_n be_v for_o the_o exciting_a to_o duty_n as_o well_o as_o for_o instruction_n this_o be_v that_o they_o say_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o ceremony_n whereby_o it_o seem_v to_o some_o very_a evident_a that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o a_o religious_a ceremony_n and_o a_o necessary_a circumstance_n of_o religion_n the_o former_a be_v a_o part_n of_o external_n worship_n the_o latter_a but_o a_o appendix_n some_o circumstance_n such_o as_o time_n and_o place_n etc._n etc._n be_v necessary_a unto_o though_o no_o part_n of_o worship_n but_o a_o humane_a ceremony_n though_o not_o necessary_a unto_o yet_o be_v make_v a_o part_n of_o worship_n we_o can_v worship_v god_n but_o in_o some_o time_n and_o in_o some_o place_n but_o can_v do_v so_o without_o any_o of_o these_o humane_a significant_a ceremony_n which_o yet_o be_v make_v a_o part_n of_o external_a worship_n which_o be_v but_o the_o express_v and_o set_v forth_o of_o the_o internal_a by_o outward_a sign_n by_o which_o as_o by_o certain_a outward_a bodily_a shadow_n and_o colour_n the_o spiritual_a and_o inward_a worship_n of_o god_n be_v make_v visible_a and_o sensible_a to_o other_o as_o the_o learned_a bradshaw_n express_v it_o much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v by_o way_n of_o explication_n but_o this_o be_v enough_o to_o evince_v that_o a_o religious_a ceremony_n be_v significant_a of_o those_o inward_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n that_o be_v 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be_v affirm_v and_o give_v as_o a_o reason_n against_o significant_a ceremony_n by_o augustine_n the_o church_n of_o france_n and_o flanders_n in_o their_o observation_n upon_o the_o harmony_n of_o confession_n calvin_n martyr_n beza_n sadcel_n danaeus_n zepperus_n polanus_fw-la bishop_n jewel_n dr._n humphrey_n and_o other_o 4._o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law_n when_o god_n see_v it_o good_a to_o teach_v his_o church_n by_o significant_a ceremony_n none_o may_v be_v bring_v into_o or_o receive_v in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n but_o such_o only_a as_o the_o lord_n himself_o do_v institute_v this_o reason_n be_v use_v against_o the_o popish_a ceremony_n by_o ●alvin_n junius_n lubbertus_n and_o other_o 5._o it_o be_v much_o less_o lawful_a for_o man_n to_o bring_v significant_a ceremony_n into_o god_n worship_n now_o than_o it_o be_v under_o the_o law_n for_o god_n have_v abrogate_a his_o own_o not_o only_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o prefigure_v christ_n but_o such_o also_o as_o serve_v by_o their_o signification_n to_o teach_v moral_a duty_n so_o as_o now_o without_o great_a sin_n none_o of_o they_o can_v be_v continue_v in_o the_o church_n no_o not_o for_o signification_n of_o this_o judgement_n be_v the_o father_n in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o austin_n martyr_n bullinger_n lavater_n hospinian_n piscator_fw-la cooper_n bishop_n westphaling_n and_o other_o and_o if_o those_o ceremony_n that_o god_n himself_o ordain_v to_o teach_v his_o church_n by_o their_o signification_n may_v not_o now_o be_v use_v much_o less_o may_v those_o which_o man_n have_v devise_v this_o reason_n our_o divine_n hold_v to_o be_v strong_a against_o popish_a ceremony_n namely_o calvin_n bullinger_n hospinian_n arcularius_n virell_n dr._n bilson_n dr._n rainolds_n dr._n willet_n and_o other_o yea_o this_o be_v one_o main_a difference_n which_o god_n have_v put_v between_o the_o state_n of_o that_o church_n under_o the_o law_n and_o this_o
memory_n of_o they_o to_o cast_v away_o even_o such_o thing_n as_o have_v a_o good_a original_a and_o use_v if_o they_o be_v not_o still_o necessary_a or_o command_v of_o god_n when_o once_o they_o be_v know_v to_o have_v be_v defile_v by_o idolatry_n or_o abuse_v unto_o it_o 3._o by_o the_o equity_n and_o reason_n of_o these_o commandment_n which_o we_o find_v set_v down_o in_o holy_a scripture_n viz._n 1._o the_o detestation_n which_o the_o lord_n our_o god_n be_v a_o jealous_a god_n bear_v unto_o idolatry_n and_o all_o the_o instrument_n and_o token_n thereof_o as_o unto_o spiritual_a whoredom_n 2._o that_o we_o can_v be_v say_v sincere_o to_o have_v repent_v of_o the_o idolatry_n or_o superstition_n whereby_o we_o or_o our_o forefather_n have_v provoke_v the_o lord_n unless_o we_o be_v ashamed_a of_o and_o cast_v away_o with_o detestation_n all_o the_o instrument_n and_o monument_n of_o it_o 3._o that_o we_o shall_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v corrupt_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o religion_n and_o purity_n of_o doctrine_n and_o even_o to_o fall_v back_o again_o unto_o idolatry_n if_o we_o conform_v ourselves_o to_o idolater_n in_o their_o ceremony_n and_o retain_v the_o monument_n of_o their_o superstition_n yea_o if_o we_o show_v not_o all_o detestation_n unto_o they_o 4._o that_o our_o hold_v of_o conformity_n with_o idolater_n in_o their_o ceremony_n wherein_o they_o repose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n will_v be_v a_o special_a mean_n to_o harden_v they_o in_o their_o superstition_n 5._o that_o see_v the_o pope_n be_v reveil_v to_o be_v that_o great_a antichrist_n and_o his_o idolatry_n trouble_v the_o church_n at_o this_o day_n more_o than_o any_o other_o and_o our_o people_n converse_v more_o with_o papist_n than_o with_o any_o other_o idolater_n there_o be_v more_o danger_n in_o the_o retain_v of_o the_o ceremony_n and_o relic_n of_o popery_n than_o of_o any_o other_o idolatry_n whatsoever_o 4._o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o godly_a learned_a of_o all_o church_n and_o age_n who_o have_v constant_o teach_v and_o give_v testimony_n to_o this_o truth_n that_o christian_n be_v bind_v to_o cast_v off_o the_o ceremony_n and_o religious_a custom_n of_o pagan_n jew_n idolater_n and_o heretic_n and_o careful_o to_o shun_v all_o conformity_n with_o they_o therein_o in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a it_o be_v decree_v that_o christian_n may_v not_o keep_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n at_o that_o time_n nor_o in_o that_o manner_n as_o the_o jew_n do_v let_v we_o say_v they_o in_o nothing_o agree_v with_o that_o most_o detestable_a rout_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o in_o another_o council_n that_o none_o shall_v fast_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n because_o the_o manichee_n have_v take_v up_o that_o day_n to_o fast_v on_o which_o also_o augustine_n allege_v and_o approve_v of_o in_o another_o that_o such_o altar_n as_o be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o country_n and_o highway_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n shall_v be_v abolish_v although_o they_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v set_v by_o revelation_n or_o vision_n and_o that_o solemn_a request_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o emperor_n that_o all_o relic_n and_o monument_n of_o idolatry_n may_v be_v utter_o destroy_v and_o this_o decree_n we_o find_v cite_v by_o dr._n fulk_n in_o another_o council_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o none_o of_o the_o clergy_n shall_v forbear_v or_o make_v scruple_n to_o eat_v flesh_n that_o they_o may_v show_v themselves_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o priscillianist_n in_o another_o that_o christian_n shall_v not_o deck_v their_o house_n with_o bay_a leaf_n and_o green_a bough_n because_o the_o pagan_n do_v use_v so_o to_o do_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o rest_v from_o their_o labour_n those_o day_n that_o the_o pagan_n do_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o keep_v the_o first_o day_n of_o every_o month_n as_o they_o do_v in_o another_o that_o christian_n shall_v not_o celebrate_v feast_n on_o the_o birth_n day_n of_o martyr_n because_o that_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o heathen_a tertullian_n be_v large_a and_o vehement_a in_o this_o point_n as_o say_v he_o we_o may_v give_v nothing_o to_o the_o service_n of_o a_o idol_n so_o may_v we_o borrow_v nothing_o from_o the_o service_n of_o a_o idol_n if_o it_o be_v against_o religion_n to_o sit_v at_o table_n in_o a_o idol_n temple_n what_o be_v it_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o idol_n again_o no_o habit_n or_o apparel_n be_v esteem_v lawful_a among_o we_o that_o have_v be_v dedicate_v or_o appoint_v to_o so_o unlawful_a a_o act._n thou_o that_o be_v a_o christian_n must_v hate_v those_o thing_n the_o author_n and_o inventor_n whereof_o thou_o can_v not_o choose_v but_o hate_n in_o another_o place_n he_o affirm_v that_o christian_n may_v not_o wash_v their_o hand_n nor_o lay_v aside_o their_o cloak_n before_o prayer_n nor_o sit_v upon_o their_o bed_n after_o prayer_n because_o the_o heathen_a use_v so_o to_o do_v melchiade_n bishop_n of_o rome_n decree_v that_o no_o christian_n shall_v fast_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n or_o on_o the_o friday_n because_o it_o be_v a_o know_a custom_n of_o the_o pagan_n to_o fast_o on_o those_o day_n ambrose_n teach_v monica_n the_o mother_n of_o augustine_n as_o augustine_n himself_o report_v it_o which_o be_v also_o allege_v by_o bishop_n jewel_n to_o leave_v bring_v of_o wine_n and_o cake_n to_o the_o church_n as_o she_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v because_o she_o may_v not_o lawful_o give_v such_o a_o show_n of_o conformity_n with_o the_o gentile_n augustine_n himself_o also_o prescribe_v a_o direction_n how_o to_o win_v the_o pagan_n have_v these_o word_n if_o you_o ask_v how_o the_o pagan_n may_v be_v win_v how_o they_o may_v be_v enlighten_v how_o they_o may_v be_v call_v to_o salvation_n leave_v all_o their_o solemnity_n forsake_v their_o toy_n gregory_n as_o we_o find_v he_o cite_v by_o bishop_n jewel_n allege_v and_o approve_v of_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n which_o forbid_v the_o ceremony_n of_o thrice_o dip_v in_o baptism_n because_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o certain_a heretic_n leo_n advise_v all_o christian_n to_o shun_v the_o viperous_a conference_n of_o heretic_n and_o that_o in_o nothing_o they_o will_v be_v like_a unto_o they_o who_o in_o name_n only_o be_v christian_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n appear_v in_o a_o letter_n write_v from_o a_o general_a assembly_n hold_v at_o edinburgh_n 1566._o unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n in_o which_o beside_o many_o other_o sentence_n to_o this_o purpose_n thus_o they_o write_v if_o surplice_n corner_n cap._n and_o tippet_n have_v be_v badge_n of_o idolater_n in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o idolatry_n what_o have_v the_o preacher_n of_o christian_a liberty_n and_o the_o open_a rebuker_n of_o superstition_n to_o do_v with_o the_o dregs_o of_o the_o romish_a beast_n and_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o confession_n of_o their_o faith_n whereunto_o his_o right_a excellent_a majesty_n with_o other_o of_o the_o chief_n state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n do_v solemn_o swear_v and_o subscribe_v where_o we_o find_v these_o word_n we_o detest_v all_o the_o ceremony_n and_o false_a doctrine_n of_o the_o roman_a antichrist_n add_v to_o the_o ministration_n of_o the_o true_a sacrament_n we_o detest_v all_o his_o vain_a allegory_n rite_n sign_n and_o tradition_n bring_v into_o the_o church_n without_o the_o word_n of_o god_n thus_o have_v such_o as_o have_v be_v chief_a pillar_n in_o our_o own_o church_n judge_v of_o the_o monument_n of_o idolatry_n a●d_v all_o conformity_n with_o papist_n in_o their_o ceremony_n mr._n rogers_n that_o holy_a martyr_n will_v not_o consent_v to_o a_o canon_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o king_n edward_n day_n for_o the_o clergy_n uniformity_n in_o cap_n tippet_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o apparel_n unless_o it_o may_v be_v decree_v that_o the_o papist_n for_o a_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o other_o may_v be_v constrain_v to_o wear_v upon_o their_o sleeve_n a_o chalice_n with_o a_o host_n upon_o it_o our_o late_a queen_n injunction_n require_v that_o all_o monument_n of_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n be_v so_o utter_o extinguish_v and_o destroy_v that_o there_o may_v remain_v no_o memory_n of_o they_o either_o in_o our_o church_n or_o house_n and_o the_o book_n of_o canon_n make_v anno_fw-la dom._n 1571._o that_o no_o man_n wear_v the_o grey_a amice_fw-la or_o any_o other_o garment_n defile_v with_o the_o like_a superstition_n bishop_n jewel_n in_o one_o place_n approve_v the_o judgement_n of_o tertullian_n and_o the_o father_n of_o that_o age_n who_o forbid_v christian_n to_o wear_v garland_n of_o bay_n not_o for_o that_o say_v he_o the_o thing_n be_v ill_o of_o itself_o but_o for_o that_o they_o will_v not_o seem_v to_o follow_v idolater_n it_o have_v some_o appearance_n of_o
church_n by_o baptism_n nor_o can_v be_v by_o mere_a cohabitation_n even_o so_o they_o never_o be_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n either_o express_o or_o interpretative_o they_o never_o hold_v communion_n with_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o all_o ordinance_n be_v never_o confirm_v by_o the_o bishop_n nor_o ever_o do_v participate_v of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o can_v be_v true_o say_v that_o they_o separate_a how_o can_v they_o cease_v that_o communion_n which_o they_o never_o have_v for_o which_o reason_n to_o prove_v these_o schismatical_a separatist_n who_o never_o separate_v from_o the_o church_n seem_v a_o impossibility_n sure_o their_o exercise_n of_o that_o right_n and_o power_n with_o which_o they_o be_v invest_v as_o christian_n in_o choose_v their_o own_o pastor_n can_v be_v a_o act_n schismatical_a by_o this_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o those_o who_o never_o express_o nor_o implicit_o consent_v to_o hold_v communion_n with_o any_o parish-church_n in_o all_o ordinance_n be_v never_o actual_o oblige_v to_o hold_v communion_n with_o such_o particular_a parish_n and_o consequent_o their_o forbear_v such_o communion_n or_o their_o assemble_v in_o place_n distant_a from_o the_o parish_n church_n can_v be_v a_o separation_n and_o if_o not_o a_o separation_n it_o can_v be_v a_o schism_n thus_o the_o reader_n may_v easy_o perceive_v how_o necessary_a it_o be_v that_o the_o conformist_n prove_v that_o those_o dissenter_n who_o now_o meet_v in_o assembly_n local_o distant_a from_o the_o parish_n church_n be_v once_o member_n and_o under_o a_o obligation_n of_o hold_v external_a communion_n with_o the_o parish_n church_n if_o they_o will_v prove_v they_o separatist_n furthermore_o they_o must_v prove_v 2._o that_o this_o people_n do_v ordinary_o separate_a themselves_o from_o the_o external_a communion_n of_o their_o parish_n church_n for_o see_v the_o sin_n of_o schism_n consist_v in_o causeless_a separation_n there_o must_v be_v a_o separation_n or_o there_o can_v be_v no_o causeless_a separation_n that_o be_v there_o can_v be_v no_o schism_n but_o how_o the_o conformist_n can_v prove_v a_o separation_n any_o otherwise_o than_o by_o insist_v on_o the_o people_n not_o hold_v communion_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n or_o same_o place_n with_o the_o church_n be_v difficult_a to_o suppose_v and_o if_o they_o take_v either_o of_o their_o way_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o other_o consideration_n they_o must_v either_o make_v many_o of_o their_o own_o meeting_n separate_a which_o be_v in_o place_n local_o distant_a from_o the_o parish_n church_n where_o their_o modes_n of_o administration_n be_v different_a or_o clear_v many_o dissenter_n from_o the_o reproach_n of_o separation_n what_o do_v they_o think_v of_o such_o meeting_n in_o which_o the_o common_a prayer_n be_v read_v be_v they_o separate_a and_o schismatical_a but_o after_o they_o have_v prove_v both_o these_o they_o can_v prove_v all_o dissenter_n schismatical_a unless_o they_o can_v also_o evince_v 3._o that_o the_o separation_n be_v causeless_a and_o sinful_a but_o how_o they_o can_v prove_v that_o those_o who_o if_o they_o separate_v do_v so_o on_o no_o other_o account_n than_o that_o they_o may_v forsake_v sin_n be_v a_o point_n worthy_a of_o consideration_n if_o there_o be_v any_o sinful_a imposition_n make_v the_o term_n of_o communion_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o justify_v the_o separation_n of_o those_o who_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o external_a communion_n of_o that_o church_n if_o a_o church_n that_o be_v sound_a in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o religion_n though_o it_o detest_v a_o idolatrous_a worship_n yet_o if_o it_o make_v the_o least_o sin_n the_o term_n of_o communion_n whereby_o the_o people_n can_v have_v communion_n with_o that_o church_n but_o by_o a_o deliberate_a commit_v that_o sin_n separation_n from_o the_o communion_n of_o this_o church_n be_v justifiable_a for_o whatever_o some_o may_v suggest_v we_o must_v not_o commit_v the_o least_o sin_n that_o good_a may_v come_v thereof_o to_o insist_v then_o so_o much_o on_o the_o peace_n and_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a for_o the_o obtain_v which_o we_o may_v venture_v on_o a_o little_a sin_n be_v a_o notion_n of_o a_o very_a dangerous_a tendency_n give_v too_o great_a countenance_n to_o a_o doctrine_n of_o the_o papist_n whereby_o they_o justify_v all_o their_o villainy_n a_o little_a evil_n say_v they_o may_v be_v do_v for_o the_o obtain_v a_o great_a good_a for_o instance_n the_o salvation_n of_o the_o many_o soul_n in_o three_o kingdom_n be_v a_o great_a a_o very_a great_a good_a the_o kill_v one_o two_o or_o three_o heretic_n in_o order_n thereunto_o at_o most_o be_v but_o a_o little_a evil_n which_o may_v be_v do_v for_o so_o great_a a_o good_a moreover_o this_o justify_v all_o their_o officious_a lie_v and_o equivocate_a they_o tell_v a_o lie_n that_o some_o great_a good_a may_v come_v thereof_o but_o this_o be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o pure_a nature_n of_o a_o holy_a god_n and_o his_o holy_a good_a and_o just_a command_n that_o whoever_o will_v indulge_v himself_o in_o a_o practical_a embrace_v such_o a_o notion_n do_v but_o prepare_v the_o great_a damnation_n for_o his_o own_o soul_n god_n be_v a_o great_a god_n and_o the_o least_o sin_n be_v a_o offence_n to_o his_o dread_a majesty_n can_v know_o with_o deliberation_n and_o allowance_n be_v commit_v but_o the_o person_n that_o do_v it_o expose_v himself_o to_o divine_a indignation_n who_o ever_o break_v the_o least_o of_o these_o my_o command_n say_v christ_n matth._n 5._o 19_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v heaven_n for_o though_o a_o man_n keep_v the_o whole_a law_n and_o yet_o offend_v in_o one_o point_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o all_o james_n 2._o 10._o we_o must_v not_o speak_v nor_o act_v wicked_o for_o god_n he_o be_v not_o glorify_v by_o man_n lie_n and_o therefore_o wo_n unto_o they_o that_o will_v do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v thereof_o rom._n 3._o 8._o if_o the_o least_o sin_n be_v make_v the_o term_n of_o communion_n no_o consideration_n of_o peace_n and_o unity_n or_o of_o obedience_n to_o the_o magistrate_n can_v excuse_v those_o from_o guilt_n that_o will_v venture_v on_o that_o sin_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o those_o who_o by_o the_o reason_n insist_v on_o in_o this_o treatise_n be_v full_o convince_v that_o somewhat_o sinful_a be_v impose_v as_o a_o term_n of_o communion_n with_o the_o church_n of_o england_n they_o do_v but_o discharge_v their_o duty_n and_o keep_v a_o good_a conscience_n in_o separate_n and_o yet_o by_o separation_n do_v not_o accuse_v the_o church_n as_o if_o she_o have_v be_v no_o true_a church_n or_o as_o if_o salvation_n can_v not_o by_o other_o be_v have_v in_o it_o a_o church_n that_o be_v sound_a in_o the_o faith_n that_o it_o be_v a_o true_a church_n in_o a_o theological_a sense_n be_v liable_a to_o error_n may_v even_o while_o sound_v in_o the_o great_a thing_n of_o religion_n impose_v some_o error_n as_o a_o term_n of_o communion_n from_o which_o those_o who_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o sin_n must_v separate_v a_o sound_a church_n in_o the_o great_a thing_n may_v err_v in_o lesser_a matter_n and_o may_v impose_v assent_n and_o consent_v unto_o that_o error_n as_o a_o term_n of_o communion_n with_o the_o which_o these_o dissenter_n dare_v not_o comply_v but_o see_v they_o can_v have_v communion_n on_o easy_a term_n must_v separate_v there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o error_n or_o corruption_n of_o a_o church_n which_o be_v make_v term_n of_o communion_n and_o those_o which_o be_v not_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o a_o man_n may_v join_v with_o a_o church_n that_o be_v less_o pure_a than_o another_o even_o with_o a_o church_n that_o have_v several_a spot_n in_o it_o or_o he_o must_v join_v with_o none_o and_o may_v be_v under_o a_o obligation_n of_o 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