worthy_o receive_v his_o absolution_n and_o justification_n that_o be_v he_o that_o discern_v and_o then_o receive_v the_o lord_n body_n as_o tear_v and_o his_o blood_n as_o shed_v for_o the_o redemption_n of_o the_o world_n but_o that_o christ_n as_o the_o papist_n affirm_v shall_v give_v his_o flesh_n and_o blood_n to_o be_v receive_v with_o the_o mouth_n and_o ground_n with_o the_o tooth_n so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o most_o wicked_a and_o infidel_n but_o even_o rat_n and_o mouse_n shall_v swallow_v he_o down_o this_o our_o word_n and_o our_o heart_n do_v utter_o deny_v 6._o so_o then_o to_o sum_n up_o this_o controversy_n by_o apply_v to_o it_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v not_o question_v whether_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v absent_a from_o the_o sacrament_n due_o administer_v according_a to_o his_o institution_n which_o we_o protestant_n neither_o affirm_v nor_o believe_v for_o it_o be_v give_v and_o receive_v in_o the_o communion_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o it_o be_v present_a though_o in_o some_o manner_n veil_v under_o the_o sacrament_n so_o that_o of_o itself_o it_o can_v be_v see_v neither_o be_v it_o doubt_v or_o dispute_v whether_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n and_o a_o supernatural_a virtue_n be_v set_v apart_o and_o fit_v for_o a_o much_o noble_a use_n and_o raise_v to_o a_o high_a dignity_n than_o their_o nature_n bear_v for_o we_o confess_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o supernatural_a and_o heavenly_a change_n and_o that_o the_o sign_n can_v become_v sacrament_n but_o by_o the_o infinite_a power_n of_o god_n who_o proper_a right_n it_o be_v to_o institute_v sacrament_n in_o his_o church_n be_v able_a alone_o to_o endue_v they_o with_o virtue_n and_o efficacy_n final_o we_o do_v not_o say_v that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n give_v only_o the_o figure_n and_o sign_n of_o his_o body_n neither_o do_v we_o deny_v a_o sacramental_a union_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n with_o the_o sacred_a bread_n and_o wine_n so_o that_o both_o be_v real_o and_o substantial_o receive_v together_o but_o that_o we_o may_v avoid_v all_o ambiguity_n we_o deny_v that_o after_o the_o word_n and_o prayer_n of_o consecration_n the_o bread_n shall_v remain_v bread_n no_o long_o but_o shall_v be_v change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n nothing_o of_o the_o bread_n but_o only_o the_o accident_n continue_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v before_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a question_n be_v concern_v the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o outward_a element_n whether_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v turn_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o blood_n or_o as_o the_o romish_a doctor_n describe_v their_o transubstantiation_n whether_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n do_v utter_o perish_v and_o the_o substance_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n succeed_v in_o their_o place_n which_o be_v both_o deny_v by_o protestant_n 7._o the_o church_n of_o rome_n sing_v on_o corpus_n christi-day_n this_o be_v not_o bread_n but_o god_n and_o man_n my_o saviour_n and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n do_v thus_o define_v it_o because_o christ_n our_o redeemer_n 4._o say_v true_o that_o that_o be_v his_o body_n which_o he_o give_v in_o the_o appearance_n of_o bread_n therefore_o it_o be_v ever_o believe_v by_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o be_v now_o declare_v by_o this_o sacred_a synod_n that_o by_o the_o power_n of_o consecration_n the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o blood_n which_o change_n be_v fit_o and_o proper_o call_v transubstantiation_n by_o the_o holy_a catholic_n roman_n church_n therefore_o 2._o if_o any_o one_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v with_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n and_o shall_v deny_v that_o wonderful_a and_o singular_a conversion_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n the_o only_a appearance_n and_o outward_a form_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v which_o conversion_n the_o catholic_n roman_n church_n do_v fit_o call_v transubstantiation_n let_v he_o be_v accurse_v the_o pope_n confirm_v this_o council_n define_v it_o after_o trident_n the_o same_o manner_n impose_v a_o oath_n and_o declaration_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o so_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o new_a article_n of_o the_o roman_a faith_n in_o the_o form_n and_o under_o the_o penalty_n follow_v i._o n._n do_v profess_v and_o firm_o believe_v all_o and_o every_o the_o singular_n contain_v in_o the_o confession_n of_o faith_n allow_v by_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n viz._n i_o believe_v in_o one_o god_n etc._n etc._n i_o also_o profess_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n with_o the_o soul_n and_o godhead_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n be_v true_o real_o and_o substantial_o in_o the_o mass_n and_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o conversion_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o bread_n into_o the_o body_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o conversion_n the_o roman_n catholic_n church_n call_v transubstantiation_n i_o full_o embrace_v all_o thing_n define_v declare_v and_o deliver_v by_o the_o holy_a council_n of_o trent_n and_o withal_o i_o do_v reject_v condemn_v and_o accurse_v all_o thing_n by_o it_o accurse_v condemn_a or_o reject_v i_o do_v confident_o believe_v that_o this_o faith_n which_o i_o now_o willing_o profess_v be_v the_o true_a catholic_n faith_n without_o the_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v save_v and_o i_o do_v promise_n vow_v and_o swear_v that_o i_o will_v constant_o keep_v it_o whole_a and_o undefiled_a to_o my_o very_a last_o breath_n so_o help_v i_o god_n and_o these_o holy_a gospel_n afterward_o he_o brave_o conclude_v this_o decree_n with_o this_o commination_n let_v no_o man_n therefore_o dare_v to_o attempt_v the_o break_n of_o this_o our_o deed_n and_o injunction_n or_o be_v so_o desperate_a as_o to_o oppose_v it_o and_o if_o any_o one_o presume_v upon_o such_o a_o attempt_n let_v he_o know_v that_o he_o thereby_o incur_v the_o wrath_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o of_o his_o bless_a apostle_n peter_n and_o paul_n give_v at_o rome_n in_o st._n peter_n church_n the_o thirteen_o of_o november_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1564._o the_o five_o of_o our_o pontificat_fw-la which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v this_o his_o roman_a faith_n from_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o who_o first_o decide_v and_o impose_v this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o make_v it_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n add_v this_o new-devised_a thirteen_o to_o the_o ancient_a twelve_o article_n for_o so_o we_o find_v it_o publish_v in_o his_o decretal_a propound_v to_o the_o assembly_n at_o lateran_n in_o 1215._o and_o proclaim_v afterward_o by_o his_o nephew_n pope_n gregory_n the_o nine_o thus_o we_o firm_o believe_v and_o simple_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v one_o only_o true_a god_n etc._n etc._n 1._o and_o that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v true_o contain_v under_o the_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v transubstantiate_v the_o bread_n into_o the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n to_o these_o definition_n of_o pope_n i_o will_v add_v only_o the_o tenet_n of_o three_o jesuit_n which_o be_v high_o approve_v by_o the_o late_a follower_n of_o the_o new_a roman_n faith_n first_o of_o alphonsus_n salmeron_n we_o must_v of_o necessity_n say_v he_o hold_v transubstantiation_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n 16._o and_o wine_n which_o luther_n and_o some_o other_o admit_v may_v be_v exclude_v that_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n which_o yet_o be_v most_o true_a without_o that_o may_v be_v verify_v that_o how_o few_o of_o these_o many_o be_v pertinent_a to_o their_o purpose_n will_v be_v see_v hereafter_o many_o testimony_n of_o the_o father_n concern_v conversion_n mutation_n consecration_n benediction_n transformation_n sanctification_n for_o by_o all_o these_o name_n almost_o they_o have_v call_v transubstantiation_n may_v stand_v firm_a and_o not_o be_v vain_a and_o insignificant_a and_o last_o that_o we_o may_v maintain_v a_o solid_a presence_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n item_n as_o david_n petri_n change_v his_o countenance_n before_o abimelech_n and_o then_o receive_v the_o show_n bread_n
christ_n 17._o let_v the_o champion_n of_o transubstantiation_n strut_v and_o vapour_n now_o with_o their_o two_o and_o thirty_o stout_a second_o v._n who_o have_v stand_v for_o they_o as_o they_o say_v before_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o for_o what_o 1_o innocent_a the_o three_o decree_v and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n 4._o define_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n that_o the_o bread_n be_v so_o change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n vanish_v away_o only_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n shall_v remain_v under_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n not_o only_o as_o to_o the_o name_n but_o as_o to_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v whole_o destitute_a of_o the_o patronage_n of_o antiquity_n and_o left_a to_o shift_v for_o itself_o indulg_n alphonsus_n à _fw-fr castro_n say_v that_o in_o ancient_a writer_n mention_n be_v make_v very_o seldom_o of_o transubstantiation_n have_v he_o say_v never_o it_o have_v be_v more_o true_a for_o so_o our_o jesuit_n 4._o in_o england_n confess_v that_o the_o business_n of_o transubstantiation_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v by_o the_o ancient_a father_n which_o be_v very_o true_a as_o will_v appear_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o century_n from_o who_o we_o may_v easy_o deduce_v and_o trace_v the_o history_n of_o papal_a transubstantiation_n 1._o what_o manner_n of_o pope_n they_o be_v in_o those_o time_n 2._o the_o unhappy_a age_n wherein_o divine_n be_v divide_v about_o the_o point_n of_o the_o eucharist_n 3._o the_o opinion_n of_o fulbertus_n 4._o follow_v by_o his_o disciple_n berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v oppose_v by_o other_o 5_o 6._o the_o doctrine_n of_o berengarius_fw-la defend_v 7._o the_o roar_n of_o leo_n the_o nine_o against_o berengarius_fw-la 8._o the_o synod_n of_o tours_n under_o victor_n the_o second_o which_o clear_v berengarius_fw-la as_o free_a from_o error_n 9_o pope_n nicolas_n the_o second_o gather_v another_o synod_n against_o berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o wondrous_a kind_n of_o recantation_n 10._o the_o author_n of_o the_o ordinary_a gloss_n censure_v the_o recantation_n impose_v on_o berengarius_fw-la 11._o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v violent_o compel_v to_o make_v it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v put_v to_o death_n lanfrancus_fw-la and_o guitmundus_n write_v against_o he_o 12._o of_o pope_n hildebrand_n and_o his_o roman_a council_n whereinis_fw-la berengarius_fw-la be_v again_o cite_v and_o condemn_v in_o vain_a 13._o the_o doctrine_n of_o st._n bernard_n approve_v 14._o the_o opinion_n of_o rupertus_n 15._o lombard_n can_v define_v nothing_o of_o the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o reason_n poor_o upon_o the_o independency_n of_o the_o accident_n 16._o otho_fw-la frisingensis_n and_o those_o of_o his_o time_n confess_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v in_o the_o eucharist_n 17._o p._n blesensis_n and_o st._n eduensis_n be_v the_o first_o that_o use_v the_o word_n of_o transubstantiation_n 18._o of_o the_o thirteen_o century_n wherein_o pope_n innocent_n the_o three_o publish_v his_o decree_n of_o the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n 19_o and_o 20._o the_o wonderful_a pride_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o the_o lateran_n council_n determine_v nothing_o concern_v that_o point_n 21._o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o same_o innocent_a who_o by_o the_o rack_n and_o the_o fire_n seek_v to_o establish_v his_o new_a doctrine_n 22._o what_o gerson_n say_v of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o his_o time_n many_o more_o invention_n proceed_v from_o transubstantiation_n inextricable_a and_o unheard_a of_o question_n 23._o new_a order_n of_o monk_n and_o of_o the_o schoolman_n 24._o of_o their_o fine_a wrangle_n and_o dispute_v 25._o the_o sacrament_n abuse_v most_o gross_o by_o the_o patron_n of_o transubstantiation_n 26_o and_o 27._o holkot_o aquinas_n albertus_n magnus_n and_o other_o schoolman_n though_o sometime_o they_o be_v not_o for_o transubstantiation_n yet_o they_o whole_o submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pope_n 28._o of_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n which_o take_v the_o cup_n from_o the_o laity_n 29._o cardinal_n cameracensis_n deny_v that_o transubstantiation_n can_v be_v prove_v by_o holy_a scripture_n 30._o of_o the_o council_n of_o florence_n and_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o armenian_n by_o pope_n eugenius_n the_o four_o 31._o the_o papal_a curse_n in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n not_o to_o be_v fear_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o book_n 1._o we_o have_v prove_v it_o before_o that_o the_o leprosy_n of_o transubstantiation_n do_v not_o begin_v to_o spread_v over_o the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n in_o a_o thousand_o year_n after_o christ_n but_o at_o last_o the_o thousand_o year_n be_v expire_v and_o satan_n loose_v out_o of_o his_o prison_n to_o go_v and_o deceive_v the_o nation_n and_o compass_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o saint_n about_o then_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o christian_a peace_n and_o religion_n they_o begin_v here_o and_o there_o to_o dispute_v against_o the_o clear_a constant_a and_o universal_a consent_n of_o the_o father_n and_o to_o maintain_v the_o new-started_n opinion_n it_o be_v know_v to_o they_o that_o understand_v history_n what_o manner_n of_o time_n be_v then_o and_o what_o be_v those_o bishop_n who_o then_o govern_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n sylvester_n two_o john_n xix_o and_o xx_o sergius_n iv_o benedictus_fw-la viii_o john_n xxi_o benedict_n ix_o sylvester_n iii_n gregory_n vi_o damasus_n two_o leo_fw-la ix_o nicolas_n two_o gregory_n vii_o or_o hildebrand_n who_o tear_v to_o piece_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n with_o grievous_a schism_n cruel_a war_n and_o great_a slaughter_v for_o the_o roman_a pontificat_fw-la be_v come_v to_o that_o 10._o pass_n that_o good_a man_n be_v put_v by_o they_o who_o life_n and_o doctrine_n be_v pious_a be_v oppress_v none_o can_v obtain_v that_o dignity_n but_o they_o that_o can_v bribe_v best_a and_o be_v most_o ambitious_a 2._o in_o that_o unhappy_a age_n the_o learned_a be_v at_o odds_o about_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n some_o defend_v the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n and_o some_o the_o new-sprung_a up_o opinion_n 3._o fulbert_n bishop_n of_o chartres_n be_v tutor_n 1010._o to_o berengarius_fw-la who_o we_o shall_v soon_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o and_o his_o doctrine_n be_v altogether_o conformable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o primitive_a church_n as_o appear_v clear_o out_o of_o his_o epistle_n to_o adeodatus_n 1608._o wherein_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o mystery_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o eucharist_n be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v on_o with_o our_o bodily_a eye_n but_o with_o the_o eye_n of_o our_o mind_n for_o what_o appear_v outward_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v make_v inward_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n not_o that_o which_o be_v taste_v with_o the_o mouth_n but_o that_o which_o be_v relish_v by_o the_o heart_n affection_n therefore_o say_v he_o prepare_v the_o palate_n of_o thy_o faith_n open_v the_o throat_n of_o thy_o hope_n and_o enlarge_v the_o bowel_n of_o thy_o charity_n and_o take_v that_o bread_n of_o life_n which_o be_v the_o food_n of_o the_o inward_a man_n again_o the_o perception_n of_o a_o divine_a taste_n proceed_v from_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o inward_a man_n whilst_o by_o receive_v the_o save_a sacrament_n christ_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o soul_n all_o this_o be_v against_o those_o who_o teach_v in_o too_o gross_a a_o manner_n that_o christ_n in_o this_o mystery_n enter_v carnal_o the_o mouth_n and_o stomach_n of_o the_o receiver_n 4._o fulbert_n be_v follow_v by_o berengarius_fw-la 1030._o his_o scholar_n archdeacon_n of_o anger_n be_v in_o france_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n by_o the_o holiness_n both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o doctrine_n as_o platina_n vincentius_n bergomensis_n and_o many_o more_o witness_v this_o encomium_n write_v soon_o after_o his_o death_n by_o hildebert_n bishop_n of_o man_n a_o most_o learned_a man_n be_v thus_o record_v by_o our_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n 3._o that_o berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v so_o admire_v although_o his_o name_n yet_o live_v be_v now_o expire_v he_o outlive_v himself_o yet_o a_o sad_a fatal_a day_n he_o from_o the_o church_n and_o state_n do_v snatch_v away_o o_o dreadful_a day_n why_o do_v thou_o play_v the_o thief_n and_o fill_v the_o world_n with_o ruin_n and_o with_o grief_n for_o by_o his_o death_n the_o church_n the_o law_n and_o all_o the_o clergy_n glory_n do_v receive_v a_o fall_n his_o sacred_a wisdom_n be_v too_o great_a for_o fame_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v too_o little_a for_o his_o name_n which_o to_o its_o
of_o st._n chrysostom_n in_o come_v the_o priest_n carry_v the_o holy_a sacerd._n ghost_n 14._o about_o the_o same_o time_n rupertus_n abbot_n 1125._o of_o tuitium_fw-la famous_a by_o his_o write_n do_v also_o teach_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n be_v not_o convert_v but_o remain_v these_o be_v his_o word_n 0._o you_o must_v attribute_v all_o to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n who_o never_o spoil_v or_o destroy_v any_o substance_n he_o use_v but_o to_o that_o natural_a goodness_n it_o have_v before_o add_v a_o invisible_a excellency_n which_o it_o have_v not_o he_o have_v panaceum_fw-la indeed_o a_o unwarrantable_a opinion_n of_o the_o union_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o body_n of_o christ_n into_o one_o person_n but_o it_o come_v as_o some_o other_o as_o absurd_a in_o that_o age_n from_o too_o great_a a_o curiosity_n about_o determine_v the_o manner_n of_o christ_n presence_n and_o of_o the_o union_n of_o his_o body_n with_o the_o bread_n about_o which_o that_o learned_a man_n trouble_v himself_o too_o much_o however_o he_o neither_o teach_v nor_o mention_v transubstantiation_n 15_o not_o long_o after_o that_o algerus_n a_o monk_n and_o some_o other_o have_v have_v some_o dispute_n about_o this_o subject_n pet._n lombard_n make_v up_o his_o 4._o book_n of_o sentence_n in_o the_o four_o whereof_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o think_v that_o it_o be_v teach_v by_o some_o say_n of_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n 10._o and_o wine_n be_v change_v into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o soon_o after_o he_o add_v if_o it_o be_v 11._o demand_v what_o manner_n of_o change_n that_o be_v whether_o formal_a or_o substantial_a or_o of_o any_o other_o kind_n that_o i_o can_v resolve_v therefore_o he_o do_v not_o yet_o hold_v transubstantiation_n as_o a_o point_n of_o faith_n nay_o he_o do_v not_o seem_v constant_a to_o himself_o in_o make_v it_o a_o probable_a opinion_n but_o rather_o to_o waver_v to_o say_v and_o unsay_v and_o to_o shelter_v his_o cause_n under_o the_o father_n name_n rather_o than_o maintain_v it_o himself_o of_o the_o accident_n remain_v without_o a_o subject_n and_o of_o the_o break_n into_o part_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n as_o berengarius_fw-la be_v bid_v to_o say_v by_o pope_n nicholas_n he_o reason_v strange_o but_o very_o poor_o 16._o otho_n bishop_n of_o frisingen_n as_o great_a 1145._o by_o his_o piety_n and_o learning_n as_o by_o his_o blood_n for_o he_o be_v nephew_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o five_o marry_v his_o sister_n he_o be_v also_o uncle_n to_o frederick_n and_o half_a brother_n to_o king_n conrade_n live_v about_o the_o same_o time_n he_o believe_v and_o write_v 1180._o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v in_o the_o eucharist_n as_o do_v many_o more_o in_o that_o age._n 17._o as_o for_o the_o new-coyned_a word_n transubstantiation_n it_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v find_v 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many_o doctrine_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o pure_a church_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n against_o that_o of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o now_o there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o to_o confirm_v the_o new_a tenet_n of_o transubstantiation_n and_o impose_v it_o so_o peremptory_o on_o the_o christian_a world_n that_o none_o may_v dare_v so_o much_o as_o to_o hiss_v against_o it_o this_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o brave_o perform_v he_o succeed_v celestin_n the_o three_o at_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n and_o march_v stout_o in_o the_o footstep_n of_o hildebrand_n call_v a_o council_n at_o rome_n in_o st._n john_n lateran_n council_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o presume_v to_o make_v the_o new-devised-doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n a_o article_n of_o faith_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o mere_a authority_n 19_o how_o much_o he_o take_v upon_o himself_o and_o what_o be_v the_o man_n spirit_n and_o humour_n will_v easy_o appear_v to_o any_o man_n by_o these_o his_o word_n which_o i_o here_o set_v down_o to_o i_o it_o be_v 2._o say_v in_o the_o prophet_n i_o have_v set_v thou_o over_o nation_n and_o over_o kingdom_n to_o root_v out_o and_o to_o pull_v down_o and_o to_o destroy_v and_o to_o throw_v down_o and_o to_o build_v and_o to_o plant_v to_o i_o also_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o apostle_n to_o thou_o will_v i_o give_v the_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n for_o i_o be_o in_o a_o middle_a state_n betwixt_o god_n and_o man_n below_z god_n but_o above_o man_n yea_o great_a than_o man_n be_v i_o judge_v all_o man_n and_o can_v be_v judge_v by_o none_o 3_o be_o not_o i_o the_o bridegroom_n and_o each_o of_o you_o 29_o the_o bridegroom_n friend_n the_o bridegroom_n i_o be_o because_o i_o have_v the_o bride_n the_o noble_a rich_a lofty_a and_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n who_o be_v the_o mother_n and_o mistress_n of_o all_o the_o faithful_a who_o have_v bring_v i_o a_o precious_a and_o inestimable_a universas_fw-la portion_n to_o wit_n the_o fullness_n of_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o the_o vastness_n of_o temporal_a with_o the_o greatness_n and_o multitude_n of_o both_o 6._o god_n make_v two_o great_a light_n in_o the_o firmament_n of_o heaven_n he_o have_v also_o make_v two_o great_a light_n in_o the_o firmament_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n that_o be_v he_o have_v institute_v two_o dignity_n which_o be_v the_o papal_a authority_n and_o the_o regal_a but_o that_o which_o govern_v the_o day_n that_o be_v spiritual_a thing_n be_v the_o great_a and_o that_o which_o govern_v carnal_a thing_n the_o less_o so_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n between_o the_o roman_z high_a priest_n and_o king_n as_o between_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n thus_o he_o when_o he_o be_v become_v christ_n vicar_n or_o rather_o his_o rival_n these_o thing_n i_o rehearse_v that_o we_o may_v see_v how_o 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greediness_n they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o angliae_fw-la matthew_n paris_n and_o ever_o ready_a to_o commit_v the_o most_o wicked_a villainy_n so_o he_o may_v be_v recompense_v for_o it_o this_o i_o say_v be_v the_o man_n who_o in_o his_o lateran_n council_n propound_v that_o transubstantiation_n shall_v be_v make_v a_o article_n of_o faith_n and_o when_o the_o council_n will_v not_o 3._o grant_v it_o do_v it_o himself_o by_o his_o own_o arbitrary_a power_n against_o which_o none_o dare_v open_v his_o mouth_n for_o those_o canon_n which_o this_o day_n be_v show_v about_o under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o council_n be_v none_o of_o he_o but_o mere_o the_o decree_n of_o pope_n innocent_a first_o write_v by_o he_o and_o read_v in_o the_o 1215._o council_n and_o dislike_v by_o many_o and_o afterward_o set_v down_o in_o the_o book_n of_o decretal_n under_o certain_a title_n by_o
his_o nephew_n gregory_n the_o nine_o 21._o the_o same_o pope_n after_o he_o have_v pronounce_v credimus_fw-la they_o heretic_n who_o for_o the_o future_a shall_v deny_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v true_o contain_v in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n under_o the_o outward_a form_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n the_o bread_n be_v transubstantiate_v into_o the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n deliver_v they_o all_o of_o what_o office_n or_o dignity_n soever_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n ibid._n to_o receive_v condign_a punishment_n that_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v command_v those_o that_o be_v suspect_v to_o be_v try_v and_o examine_v and_o declare_v they_o infamous_a disable_v from_o make_v a_o will_n and_o incapable_a of_o any_o office_n or_o inheritance_n that_o shall_v favour_v or_o entertain_v they_o and_o set_v all_o other_o christian_n against_o they_o then_o he_o ordain_v ibid._n that_o the_o secular_a power_n shall_v be_v compel_v by_o ecclesiastic_a censure_n public_o to_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v defend_v this_o faith_n and_o endeavour_v utter_o to_o destroy_v all_o who_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n shall_v note_v for_o heretic_n but_o say_v he_o if_o the_o temporal_a prince_n do_v neglect_v this_o let_v he_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o if_o he_o slight_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n within_o a_o year_n let_v the_o sovereign_a pontif_n be_v certify_v of_o it_o that_o he_o may_v absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o expose_v his_o territory_n to_o be_v take_v and_o enjoy_v without_o any_o contradiction_n by_o any_o catholic_n roman_n that_o destroy_v the_o heretic_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v those_o who_o do_v not_o believe_v transubstantiation_n thus_o innocent_a the_o three_o by_o excommunication_n and_o by_o arm_n by_o rebellion_n by_o torture_n and_o by_o burn_v alive_a be_v please_v to_o establish_v his_o new_a article_n of_o faith_n 22._o and_o true_o have_v he_o not_o use_v such_o many_o mean_n they_o themselves_o who_o do_v cleave_v to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n will_v not_o have_v embrace_v this_o doctrine_n for_o it_o do_v not_o find_v such_o acceptance_n but_o that_o many_o notwithstanding_o do_v now_o and_o then_o oppose_v it_o nay_o not_o only_a transubstantiation_n but_o even_o the_o church_n or_o rather_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n which_o if_o we_o believe_v chancellor_n gener_fw-la gerson_n be_v at_o this_o time_n whole_o brutish_a and_o carnal_a without_o almost_o any_o sense_n of_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n be_v reject_v by_o many_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o transubstantiation_n be_v once_o establish_v there_o be_v a_o foundation_n lay_v to_o many_o superstition_n and_o error_n which_o can_v neither_o be_v suffer_v nor_o approve_v by_o those_o that_o fear_v god_n and_o among_o the_o subscriber_n to_o transubstantiation_n there_o grow_v a_o thicket_n of_o thorny_a and_o monstrous_a question_n wherewith_o the_o schoolman_n be_v so_o busy_a that_o it_o may_v with_o great_a truth_n be_v affirm_v that_o then_o come_v so_o light_a a_o divinity_n concern_v the_o holy_a sacrament_n and_o the_o adoration_n of_o it_o which_o be_v not_o only_o very_o new_a but_o very_o strange_a also_o and_o never_o hear_v of_o among_o the_o father_n there_o grow_v also_o out_o of_o the_o same_o stock_n illusion_n and_o false_a miracle_n deceitful_a dream_n feign_a vision_n and_o such_o like_a unchristian_a device_n about_o the_o corporal_a presence_n of_o christ_n as_o that_o some_o do_v see_v a_o child_n in_o the_o host_n some_o flesh_n some_o blood_n any_o thing_n that_o can_v come_v into_o the_o idle_a fancy_n of_o idle_a and_o superstitious_a man_n 1218._o one_o at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n dare_v not_o receive_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n because_o he_o can_v keep_v nothing_o in_o but_o as_o he_o draw_v nigh_o to_o adore_v it_o his_o breast_n bare_a and_o his_o arm_n open_a the_o host_n leap_v out_o of_o the_o priest_n hand_n have_v make_v itself_o a_o passage_n enter_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n into_o the_o place_n where_o the_o die_a man_n heart_n lie_v bid_v and_o the_o hole_n be_v make_v up_o again_o without_o any_o thing_n of_o a_o scar_n the_o man_n lie_v down_o and_o then_o expire_v another_o â—â—_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v beg_v that_o his_o side_n be_v wash_v and_o cover_v with_o a_o clean_a cloth_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n may_v be_v set_v on_o it_o which_o be_v do_v the_o cloth_n by_o degree_n give_v place_n to_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o soon_o after_o when_o that_o divine_a body_n touch_v the_o man_n skin_n it_o penetrate_v to_o his_o very_a heart_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o by_o stander_n they_o also_o tell_v the_o story_n or_o rather_o the_o fable_n how_o that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o consecrate_a bread_n be_v set_v in_o a_o bushel_n upon_o some_o oat_n a_o horse_n a_o ox_n and_o a_o ass_n bow_v their_o knee_n and_o adore_v their_o lord_n in_o the_o host_n these_o and_o such_o like_a fiction_n be_v daily_o invent_v without_o number_n by_o the_o patron_n of_o transubstantiation_n and_o the_o impudence_n and_o boldness_n of_o coin_v such_o forgery_n have_v from_o they_o past_a upon_o their_o successor_n this_o be_v observe_v by_o king_n james_n in_o the_o write_n of_o 132._o bellarmine_n himself_o who_o report_v of_o a_o certain_a devont_a mare_n that_o worship_v the_o host_n kneel_v know_v doubtless_o that_o by_o a_o due_a consecration_n it_o be_v transubstantiate_v cesarius_n the_o monk_n who_o live_v soon_o after_o innocent_a the_o three_o be_v full_a of_o such_o miracle_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v a_o history_n which_o show_v that_o in_o his_o time_n transubstantiation_n be_v utter_o unknown_a to_o a_o learned_a priest_n canon_n of_o a_o great_a church_n at_o colen_n say_v he_o there_o be_v a_o canon_n in_o full_a order_n call_v peter_n when_o on_o a_o certain_a day_n another_o of_o the_o canon_n be_v sick_a and_o about_o to_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n in_o his_o presence_n the_o officiate_a priest_n ask_v the_o sick_a man_n do_v thou_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v the_o true_a body_n of_o the_o lord_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n he_o make_v answer_v i_o believe_v it_o peter_n hear_v and_o observe_v their_o word_n be_v amaze_v at_o they_o afterward_o he_o come_v alone_o to_o everhardus_fw-la the_o professor_n of_o divinity_n who_o have_v be_v also_o present_a at_o the_o communion_n he_o ask_v he_o do_v the_o priest_n question_v the_o sick_a man_n aright_o he_o answer_v yes_o and_o whoever_o believe_v otherwise_o be_v a_o 3_o heretic_n then_o peter_n weeping_z and_o smite_v his_o breast_n cry_v out_o woe_n be_v i_o wretched_a priest_n how_o have_v i_o hitherto_o say_v mass_n for_o to_o this_o hour_n i_o think_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n after_o the_o consecration_n be_v only_o a_o sacrament_n that_o be_v the_o sign_n and_o representation_n of_o the_o lord_n body_n and_o blood_n 23._o i_o have_v already_o touch_v it_o that_o together_o with_o the_o new_a doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n there_o spring_v up_o new_a sect_n of_o friar_n which_o indeed_o in_o a_o short_a time_n increase_v beyond_o belief_n for_o now_o to_o the_o order_n of_o dominican_n who_o innocent_a the_o three_o have_v make_v his_o inquisitor_n to_o kill_v and_o burn_v transubstantiation_n heretic_n be_v add_v the_o order_n of_o beg_a franciscan_n and_o the_o augustine_n eremit_v and_o the_o carmelites_n be_v set_v up_o again_o from_o these_o come_v the_o schoolman_n as_o we_o now_o call_v they_o who_o study_n as_o study_n be_v in_o that_o time_n be_v all_o employ_v about_o commence_v peter_n lombard_n master_n of_o the_o sentence_n 24._o these_o man_n tire_v their_o brain_n as_o we_o say_v about_o unheard_a of_o question_n touch_v transubstantiation_n such_o as_o pious_a ear_n will_v abhor_v to_o hear_v for_o they_o ask_v 1._o 1._o whether_o that_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o sometime_o appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o flesh_n or_o of_o a_o child_n on_o the_o altar_n and_o answer_v that_o they_o know_v not_o because_o such_o apparition_n happen_v often_o and_o be_v cause_v either_o by_o man_n juggle_n or_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o devil_n 2._o whether_o the_o mouse_n who_o sometime_o 2._o feast_v upon_o the_o host_n when_o they_o be_v not_o well_o shut_v up_o eat_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n itself_o or_o if_o a_o dog_n or_o a_o hog_n shall_v swallow_v down_o the_o consecrate_a host_n whole_a whether_o the_o lord_n body_n shall_v pass_v into_o their_o belly_n together_o with_o the_o accident_n some_o indeed_o answer_v other_o some_o be_v otherwise_o mind_v that_o though_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n enter_v not_o into_o the_o brutus_n mouth_n as_o corporal_a meat_n yet_o it_o enter_v together_o with_o the_o appearance_n by_o
reason_n that_o they_o be_v inseparable_a one_o from_o the_o other_o mere_a nonsense_n for_o as_o long_o as_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n i._n e._n the_o shaâ—â—_n and_o taste_v and_o colour_n etc._n etc._n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a 3._o be_v so_o long_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n inseparable_o join_v with_o they_o wherefore_o if_o the_o accident_n in_o their_o nature_n pass_v into_o the_o belly_n or_o be_v cast_v out_o by_o vomit_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n itself_o must_v of_o necessity_n go_v along_o with_o they_o and_o for_o this_o cause_n pious_a soul_n i_o repeat_v their_o own_o word_n do_v frequent_o eat_v again_o with_o great_a reverence_n the_o part_n of_o the_o host_n cast_v out_o by_o vomit_v other_o answer_v also_o 3._o that_o a_o beast_n eat_v not_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n sacramental_o but_o accidental_o as_o a_o man_n that_o shall_v eat_v a_o consecrate_a host_n not_o know_v that_o it_o be_v consecrate_v 3._o they_o inquire_v about_o musty_a and_o rot_a host_n and_o because_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v incorruptible_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o putrefaction_n therefore_o they_o answer_v 1._o that_o the_o host_n be_v never_o so_o and_o that_o though_o they_o appear_v as_o if_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o reality_n they_o be_v not_o as_o christ_n appear_v as_o a_o gardener_n though_o he_o be_v no_o gardener_n 4._o they_o demand_v concern_v indigested_a host_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o belly_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o draught_n or_o concern_v those_o that_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o worst_a of_o sink_n or_o into_o the_o dirt_n whether_o such_o host_n cease_v to_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o answer_v 5._o that_o whether_o they_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o sink_v or_o the_o privy_a as_o long_o as_o the_o appearance_n remain_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v inseparable_a from_o tâ—â—â—_n and_o for_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o tenable_a and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o any_o to_o hold_v it_o because_o the_o pope_n xi_o have_v forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v maintain_v under_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n therefore_o the_o modern_a schoolman_n 1â—_n add_v that_o if_o any_o shall_v hold_v the_o contrary_a after_o the_o pope_n determination_n he_o shall_v be_v condemn_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o be_v nay_o they_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o point_n of_o faith_n which_o none_o may_v doubt_v of_o because_o the_o contrary_a doctrine_n have_v be_v condemn_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o eleven_o 5._o they_o ask_v concern_v the_o accident_n whether_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v under_o they_o when_o they_o be_v abstract_v from_o their_o subject_n this_o be_v against_o logic_n or_o whether_o worm_n be_v gendr_v or_o mouse_n nourish_v of_o accident_n and_o this_o against_o physic_n 6._o whether_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n can_v at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n move_v both_o upward_o and_o downward_o one_o priest_n lift_v up_o the_o host_n and_o another_o set_n it_o down_o and_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o more_o such_o thorny_a question_n have_v weary_v and_o nonplus_v they_o and_o all_o their_o school_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o such_o straits_n and_o extremity_n that_o they_o know_v not_o what_o to_o resolve_v nor_o what_o shift_v to_o make_v and_o true_o it_o have_v be_v very_o happy_a for_o religion_n if_o as_o the_o ancient_n never_o touch_v or_o mention_v transubstantiation_n so_o latter_a time_n have_v never_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o its_o name_n for_o god_n make_v his_o sacrament_n upright_o as_o he_o do_v 2d_o man_n but_o about_o it_o they_o have_v seek_v out_o many_o invention_n 25._o likewise_o this_o transubstantiation_n have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o most_o wicked_a and_o impious_a wretch_n to_o abuse_v and_o profane_v most_o unworthy_o what_o they_o think_v to_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n for_o instance_n may_v be_v bring_v of_o some_o wicked_a priest_n who_o for_o filthy_a lucre_n have_v sell_v some_o consecrate_a host_n to_o jew_n and_o sorcerer_n who_o have_v stab_v and_o burn_v they_o and_o use_v they_o for_o witchcraft_n and_o enchantment_n nay_o we_o read_v 116._o that_o st._n lewis_n himself_o very_o ill_o advise_v in_o that_o give_v once_o to_o the_o turk_n and_o saracen_n a_o consecrate_a host_n as_o a_o pledge_n of_o his_o promise_n and_o a_o assurance_n of_o peace_n now_o can_v any_o one_o who_o count_v these_o thing_n abominable_a persuade_v himself_o that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n will_v have_v appoint_v that_o his_o most_o holy_a body_n shall_v be_v present_a in_o his_o church_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o that_o it_o shall_v come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o great_a enemy_n and_o the_o worst_a of_o infidel_n and_o be_v eat_v by_o dog_n and_o rat_n and_o be_v vomit_v up_o burn_v cast_v into_o sink_n and_o use_v for_o magical_a poison_n and_o witchcraft_n i_o mention_v these_o with_o horror_n and_o tremble_a and_o therefore_o abstain_v from_o rake_v any_o more_o in_o this_o dunghill_n 26._o no_o wonder_n therefore_o if_o this_o new_a doctrine_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o be_v liable_a to_o such_o foul_a absurdity_n and_o detestable_a abuse_n few_o man_n can_v be_v persuade_v in_o the_o fourteen_o century_n that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v real_o or_o by_o transubstantiation_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n as_o it_o be_v record_v by_o our_o countryman_n 1350._o robert_n holkot_n who_o live_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o that_o century_n as_o also_o 6._o thomas_n aquinas_n report_v of_o some_o in_o his_o time_n who_o believe_v that_o after_o consecration_n not_o only_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n but_o its_o substantial_a form_n remain_v and_o albertus_n magnus_n himself_o who_o be_v thomas_n his_o his_n tutor_n and_o write_v not_o long_o after_o innocent_a the_o three_o speak_v of_o transubstantiation_n as_o of_o a_o doubtful_a question_n only_o nay_o that_o it_o be_v absolute_o reject_v and_o oppose_v by_o many_o be_v general_o know_v for_o the_o anathema_n of_o trent_n have_v not_o yet_o back_v the_o lateran_n decree_n 27._o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o schoolman_n especial_o the_o modern_a who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v swear_v to_o pope_n innocent_n determination_n they_o use_v to_o express_v their_o belief_n in_o this_o matter_n with_o great_a word_n but_o neither_o pious_a nor_o solid_a in_o this_o manner_n 2._o the_o common_a opinion_n be_v to_o be_v embrace_v not_o because_o reason_n require_v it_o but_o because_o it_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n item_n 3._o that_o aught_o to_o be_v of_o great_a weight_n that_o we_o must_v hold_v with_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o sacrament_n now_o it_o hold_v that_o the_o bread_n be_v transubstantiate_v into_o the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n as_o it_o be_v clear_o say_v extra_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la &_o summa_fw-la trinitate_fw-la cap._n firmiter_fw-la again_o 1._o i_o prove_v that_o of_o necessity_n the_o bread_n be_v change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n for_o we_o must_v hold_v that_o declaration_n of_o faith_n which_o the_o pope_n declare_v must_v be_v hold_v thus_o among_o the_o papist_n if_o it_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o imperious_a pope_n as_o be_v innocent_a the_o three_o doctrine_n of_o faith_n shall_v now_o and_o then_o increase_v in_o bulk_n and_o number_n though_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v most_o contrary_a to_o holy_a scripture_n though_o they_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n and_o though_o from_o they_o such_o consequence_n necessary_o follow_v as_o be_v most_o injurious_a to_o christ_n and_o his_o holy_a religion_n for_o after_o innocent_a the_o three_o the_o roman_a faith_n be_v thus_o much_o 24._o increase_v by_o the_o determination_n of_o pope_n gregory_n the_o eleven_o 1371._o that_o if_o it_o so_o happen_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o consecrate_a host_n may_v descend_v into_o a_o rat_n belly_n or_o into_o a_o privy_a or_o any_o such_o foul_a place_n 28._o in_o the_o fifteen_o century_n the_o council_n 1415._o of_o constance_n which_o by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o the_o sacramental_a cup_n from_o the_o people_n and_o from_o the_o priest_n when_o they_o do_v not_o officiate_v do_v wrongful_o condemn_v wiclif_n who_o be_v already_o dead_a because_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o have_v teach_v with_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v material_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o that_o in_o the_o same_o sacrament_n no_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v without_o a_o substance_n which_o two_o assertion_n be_v most_o true_a 29._o cardinal_n cameracencis_n who_o live_v 1420._o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o own_o the_o decree_n of_o pope_n innocent_a as_o
that_o be_v a_o certain_a type_n of_o the_o eucharist_n so_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n seign_n himself_o to_o be_v bread_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o bread_n though_o he_o seem_v so_o to_o be_v most_o visible_o second_o of_o cardinal_n francis_n tolet_n the_o word_n of_o consecration_n be_v efficacious_a 2d_o instrument_n whereby_o to_o transubstantiate_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n into_o the_o true_a body_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o after_o they_o be_v speak_v there_o remain_v in_o the_o host_n none_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n but_o only_o the_o accident_n of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v the_o property_n of_o the_o bread_n under_o which_o the_o true_a body_n of_o christ_n be_v present_a three_o and_o last_o of_o cardinal_n bellarmine_n the_o catholic_n 11._o church_n ever_o teach_v that_o by_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o conversion_n have_v be_v in_o after_o time_n call_v transubstantiation_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n be_v true_o and_o real_o present_a in_o the_o sacrament_n it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o bring_v the_o testimony_n of_o other_o of_o the_o latin_a or_o roman_a church_n who_o give_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o absolute_a power_n of_o define_v what_o he_o please_v for_o they_o be_v but_o the_o same_o stuff_n as_o these_o but_o if_o any_o one_o have_v a_o mind_n let_v he_o consult_v gretserus_n initio_fw-la his_o defence_n of_o bellarmine_n or_o his_o dialogue_n who_o first_o write_v against_o luther_n who_o both_o reduce_v the_o whole_a matter_n to_o the_o judgement_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o pope_n 8._o now_o we_o leave_v inquire_v what_o god_n be_v able_a to_o do_v for_o we_o shall_v first_o know_v his_o will_n in_o this_o matter_n before_o we_o examine_v his_o power_n yet_o thus_o much_o we_o say_v that_o this_o roman_a transubstantiation_n be_v so_o strange_a and_o monstrous_a that_o it_o exceed_v the_o nature_n of_o all_o miracle_n and_o though_o god_n by_o his_o almightiness_n be_v able_a to_o turn_v the_o substance_n of_o bread_n into_o some_o other_o substance_n yet_o none_o will_v believe_v that_o he_o do_v it_o as_o long_o as_o it_o appear_v to_o our_o sense_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n do_v still_o remain_v whole_a and_o entire_a certain_a it_o be_v that_o hitherto_o we_o read_v of_o no_o such_o thing_n do_v in_o the_o old_a or_o new_a testament_n and_o therefore_o this_o tenet_n be_v as_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n as_o it_o be_v ungrounded_a in_o scripture_n appear_v as_o yet_o to_o be_v very_o incredible_a and_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n we_o shall_v believe_v such_o a_o unauthorised_a figment_n new_o invent_v by_o man_n and_o now_o impose_v as_o a_o article_n of_o christian_a religion_n for_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a that_o they_o bring_v scripture_n to_o defend_v this_o their_o stupendous_a doctrine_n and_o it_o be_v not_o true_a what_o they_o so_o often_o and_o so_o confident_o affirm_v that_o the_o universal_a church_n have_v always_o constant_o own_v it_o be_v it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o church_n for_o many_o age_n and_o have_v be_v but_o late_o approve_v by_o the_o pope_n authority_n in_o the_o council_n of_o lateran_n and_o trent_n as_o i_o shall_v prove_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n v._n that_o neither_o the_o word_n nor_o name_n of_o transubstantiation_n nor_o the_o doctrine_n or_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v teach_v or_o contain_v in_o holy_a scripture_n or_o in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n but_o rather_o be_v contrary_a to_o they_o and_o therefore_o not_o of_o faith_n 1._o the_o word_n transubstantiation_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v find_v either_o in_o the_o sacred_a record_n or_o in_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n that_o the_o maintainer_n of_o it_o do_v themselves_o acknowledge_v that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o before_o the_o twelve_o century_n for_o though_o one_o stephanus_n bishop_n of_o autun_n be_v say_v to_o have_v once_o use_v it_o yet_o it_o be_v without_o proof_n that_o some_o modern_a writer_n make_v he_o one_o of_o the_o ten_o century_n nor_o yet_o do_v he_o say_v that_o the_o bread_n be_v transubstantiate_v but_o as_o it_o be_v transubstantiate_v which_o 5._o well_o understand_v may_v be_v admit_v 2._o nay_o that_o the_o thing_n itself_o without_o the_o word_n that_o the_o doctrine_n without_o the_o expression_n can_v be_v find_v in_o scripture_n be_v ingenious_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a schoolman_n scotus_n durandus_fw-la biel_n cameracensis_n cajetan_n and_o many_o more_o who_o find_v it_o not_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o receive_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n till_o 1200_o year_n after_o christ_n yet_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v it_o by_o other_o argument_n 3._o scotus_n confess_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o 3._o place_n in_o scripture_n so_o express_v as_o to_o compel_v a_o man_n to_o admit_v of_o transubstantiation_n be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o church_n have_v declare_v for_o it_o that_o be_v pope_n innocent_a iii_o in_o his_o lateran_n council_n durandus_fw-la say_fw-la that_o the_o word_n be_v find_v but_o suprae_fw-la that_o by_o it_o the_o manner_n they_o contend_v for_o can_v be_v prove_v biel_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v no_o where_o 1._o find_v in_o canonical_a scripture_n occam_n declare_v that_o it_o be_v easy_a more_o reasonable_a less_o inconvenient_a and_o better_o agree_v with_o scripture_n to_o hold_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n remain_v after_o he_o cardinal_n cameracensis_n do_v also_o confess_v that_o transubstantiation_n can_v be_v prove_v out_o of_o the_o scripture_n nay_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n say_v himself_o that_o there_o be_v no_o expression_n in_o scripture_n whereby_o that_o conversion_n of_o substance_n in_o the_o mass_n can_v be_v make_v good_a cardinal_n cajetan_n likewise_o there_o be_v not_o any_o 1_o thing_n of_o force_n enough_o in_o the_o gospel_n to_o make_v we_o understand_v in_o a_o proper_a sense_n these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n nay_o that_o presence_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n believe_v in_o the_o sacrament_n 14._o can_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n without_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o roman_z church_n last_o bellarmine_n himself_o do_v say_v that_o 23._o though_o he_o may_v bring_v scripture_n clear_a enough_o to_o his_o think_n to_o prove_v transubstantiation_n by_o to_o a_o easy_a man_n yet_o still_o it_o will_v be_v doubtful_a whether_o he_o have_v do_v it_o to_o purpose_n because_o some_o very_a acute_a and_o learned_a man_n as_o scotus_n hold_v that_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o scripture_n now_o in_o this_o protestant_n desire_v no_o more_o but_o to_o be_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o learned_a and_o acute_a man_n 4._o and_o indeed_o the_o word_n of_o institution_n will_v plain_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o any_o man_n that_o will_v prefer_v truth_n to_o wrangle_v that_o it_o be_v with_o the_o bread_n that_o the_o lord_n body_n be_v give_v as_o his_o blood_n with_o the_o wine_n for_o christ_n have_v take_v bless_a and_o break_v the_o bread_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o st._n paul_n than_o who_o none_o can_v better_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o christ_n explain_v it_o thus_o the_o bread_n which_o we_o break_v be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d communion_n or_o communication_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n that_o whereby_o his_o body_n be_v give_v and_o the_o faithful_a be_v make_v partaker_n of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v bread_n which_o he_o reach_v to_o they_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o proof_n the_o receiver_n sense_n sufficient_o convince_v they_o of_o it_o but_o that_o therewith_o his_o body_n be_v give_v none_o can_v have_v know_v have_v it_o not_o be_v declare_v by_o he_o who_o be_v the_o truth_n 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church_n of_o england_n we_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o catholic_n truth_n 37._o and_o so_o hitherto_o we_o have_v produce_v the_o agree_a testimony_n of_o ancient_a father_n for_o a_o thousand_o year_n after_o christ_n and_o have_v transcribe_v they_o more_o at_o large_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o every_o one_o that_o be_v not_o blind_a that_o the_o true_a apostolic_a doctrine_n of_o this_o mystery_n have_v be_v universal_o maintain_v for_o so_o long_o by_o all_o man_n some_o few_o except_v who_o more_o than_o eight_o hundred_o year_n after_o christ_n presume_v to_o dispute_v against_o the_o ancient_a orthodox_n doctrine_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o christ_n presence_n and_o of_o his_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o sacrament_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o positive_o determine_v any_o thing_n against_o it_o now_o what_o more_o concern_v this_o point_n we_o refer_v to_o the_o next_o chapter_n lest_o this_o shall_v be_v too_o long_o chap._n vi_o show_n more_o at_o large_a that_o the_o doctrine_n 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christian_a orator_n in_o the_o four_o 2._o eusebius_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n 4._o juvencus_n a_o spanish_a priest_n 37._o macarius_n egyptius_n syn._n st._n hilary_n bishop_n of_o poitiers_n 3._o optatus_n bishop_n of_o milevis_n chr._n eusebius_n emissenus_fw-la gorg._n gregorius_n nazianzenus_n 1â—_n cyrillus_n alexandrinus_n ancorato_n epiphanius_n salaminensis_n 26._o st._n hierom_n 2_o theophilus_n alexandrinus_n and_o 2._o gaudentius_n bishop_n of_o brixia_n in_o the_o five_o paul_n sedulius_n a_o scotch_a priest_n 25._o gennadius_n massiliensis_n and_o epith_n faustus_n bishop_n of_o regium_n in_o the_o six_o ferrand_n fulgentius_n africanus_n â—_o victor_n antiochenus_fw-la cor._n primasius_n bishop_n and_o 9_o procopius_n gazeus_n in_o the_o seven_o 6._o hesychius_n priest_n in_o jerusalem_n and_o dion_n maximus_n abbot_n of_o constantinople_n in_o the_o eight_o orthod_n johannes_n damascenus_n in_o the_o nine_o 6._o nicephorus_n the_o patriarch_n and_o remig._n hincmarus_n 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be_v every_o where_o own_a and_o maintain_v and_o though_o the_o father_n use_v both_o way_n
effiqy_n d._n joannis_n corin_n episcopi_fw-la dunelmensis_n &c_n &c_n the_o history_n of_o popish_a transubstantiation_n to_o which_o be_v premise_v and_o oppose_v the_o catholic_n doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o ancient_a father_n and_o the_o reform_a church_n about_o the_o sacred_a element_n and_o presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n write_a nineteen_o year_n ago_o in_o latin_a by_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n john_n late_a lord_n bishop_n of_o durham_n and_o allow_v by_o he_o to_o be_v publish_v a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n at_o the_o earnest_a request_n of_o his_o friend_n london_n print_v by_o andrew_n clark_n for_o henry_n brome_n at_o the_o gun_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o st._n paul_n 1676._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a heneage_n lord_n finch_n baron_n of_o daventry_n lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n my_o lord_n the_o excellency_n of_o this_o book_n answer_v the_o greatness_n of_o its_o author_n and_o perhaps_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o version_n be_v also_o proportion_v to_o the_o meanness_n of_o the_o translator_n but_o the_o english_a be_v for_o those_o that_o can_v not_o understand_v the_o original_a that_o they_o also_o may_v be_v instruct_v by_o so_o instructive_a a_o discourse_n i_o hope_v with_o they_o my_o good_a intent_n will_v excuse_v my_o fault_n only_o my_o fear_n be_v i_o shall_v want_v a_o good_a plea_n wherewith_o to_o sue_v out_o my_o pardon_n for_o have_v entitle_v a_o person_n of_o the_o high_a honour_n to_o so_o poor_a a_o labour_n as_o be_v this_o of_o i_o my_o lord_n these_o be_v the_o inducement_n which_o set_v i_o upon_o this_o attempt_n it_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o book_n to_o clear_v and_o assert_v a_o important_a truth_n which_o be_v as_o a_o criterion_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o son_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n from_o her_o adversary_n on_o both_o hand_n those_o that_o adore_v and_o those_o that_o 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maintain_v this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n and_o melancthon_n confess_v that_o together_o with_o the_o sacrament_n we_o true_o and_o substantial_o receive_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n also_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v confer_v sign_n give_v what_o they_o represent_v so_o that_o together_o with_o they_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v give_v and_o receive_v and_o to_o these_o he_o add_v that_o the_o body_n and_o bread_n be_v not_o unite_v in_o the_o mixture_n of_o their_o substance_n but_o in_o that_o the_o sacrament_n give_v what_o it_o promise_v that_o be_v the_o one_o be_v never_o without_o the_o other_o and_o so_o they_o agree_v on_o both_o part_n that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v not_o change_v he_o hold_v such_o a_o sacramental_a union_n luther_n have_v hear_v this_o declare_v also_o his_o opinion_n thus_o that_o he_o do_v not_o local_o include_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n with_o 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that_o this_o give_v and_o receive_v be_v real_a and_o not_o imaginary_a we_o be_v agree_v and_o we_o own_v you_o for_o dear_a brethren_n in_o the_o lord_n all_o this_o be_v set_v down_o at_o large_a in_o the_o twenty_o tome_n of_o luther_n work_n and_o in_o the_o english_a work_n of_o bucer_n 14._o the_o next_o will_v be_v the_o gallican_n confession_n confess_v make_v at_o paris_n in_o a_o national_a synod_n and_o present_v to_o king_n charles_n ix_o at_o the_o conference_n of_o poissy_n which_o speak_v of_o the_o sacrament_n on_o this_o wise_a although_o christ_n be_v in_o heaven_n where_o he_o be_v to_o remain_v until_o he_o come_v to_o judge_v the_o world_n yet_o we_o believe_v that_o by_o the_o secret_a and_o incomprehensible_a virtue_n of_o his_o spirit_n he_o feed_v and_o vivify_v we_o by_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n receive_v by_o faith_n now_o we_o say_v that_o this_o be_v do_v in_o a_o spiritual_a 36._o manner_n not_o that_o we_o believe_v it_o to_o 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famous_a and_o so_o worthy_a a_o father_n as_o theodoret_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v accuse_v of_o some_o error_n in_o the_o council_n of_o ephesus_n though_o he_o repent_v afterward_o as_o they_o themselves_o be_v force_v to_o confess_v fain_o will_v they_o if_o they_o can_v get_v out_o at_o this_o door_n when_o they_o can_v deny_v that_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o element_n remain_v in_o their_o natural_a substance_n as_o he_o write_v in_o the_o dialogue_n which_o he_o compose_v against_o the_o eutychian_a heretic_n with_o the_o applause_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n and_o indeed_o the_o evidence_n of_o this_o truth_n have_v compel_v some_o of_o our_o adversary_n to_o yield_v that_o theodoret_n be_v of_o our_o side_n for_o in_o the_o epistle_n before_o the_o dialogue_n of_o theodoret_n in_o the_o roman_a edition_n set_v forth_o by_o stephan_n nicolinus_n the_o pope_n printer_n in_o the_o year_n 1547_o it_o be_v plain_o set_v down_o that_o theod_n in_o what_o concern_v transubstantiation_n his_o opinion_n be_v not_o very_a sound_n but_o that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v excuse_v because_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v make_v no_o decree_n about_o it_o 22._o with_o theodoret_n we_o may_v join_v gelasius_n minus_fw-la who_o whether_o he_o be_v bishop_n of_o rome_n or_o no_o as_o bellarmine_n confess_v be_v of_o the_o same_o age_n and_o opinion_n as_o he_o and_o therefore_o a_o witness_n ancient_a and_o credible_a enough_o he_o write_v against_o eutyches_n and_o nestorius_n concern_v the_o two_o nature_n in_o christ_n in_o this_o manner_n doubtless_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o 4._o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o we_o receive_v be_v a_o very_a divine_a thing_n whereby_o we_o be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n and_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n by_o substance_n and_o nature_n and_o indeed_o the_o image_n and_o resemblance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v celebrate_v in_o this_o mysterious_a action_n by_o this_o therefore_o we_o see_v manifest_o enough_o that_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o to_o be_v in_o christ_n which_o we_o believe_v to_o be_v in_o his_o sacrament_n that_o as_o by_o the_o perfect_a virtue_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n it_o become_v a_o divine_a substance_n and_o yet_o remain_v in_o the_o propriety_n of_o its_o nature_n so_o this_o great_a mystery_n the_o incarnation_n of_o who_o power_n and_o efficacy_n this_o be_v a_o lively_a image_n do_v demonstrate_v that_o there_o be_v one_o entire_a and_o true_a christ_n consist_v of_o two_o nature_n which_o yet_o proper_o remain_v unchanged_a it_o do_v plain_o appear_v out_o of_o these_o word_n that_o the_o change_v wrought_v in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o substantial_a for_o first_o the_o sanctify_a element_n be_v so_o make_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n that_o still_o they_o continue_v to_o be_v by_o nature_n bread_n and_o wine_n second_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n retain_v 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1541._o contarenus_n who_o yield_v to_o the_o evidence_n of_o truth_n answer_v nothing_o to_o this_o plain_a testimony_n of_o gelasius_n 5._o 23._o now_o i_o add_v cyril_n of_o alexandria_n who_o say_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v receive_v only_o by_o a_o pure_a faith_n as_o we_o read_v in_o that_o epistle_n against_o nestorius_n which_o six_o hundred_o father_n approve_v and_o confirm_v in_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n i_o omit_v to_o mention_v the_o other_o father_n of_o this_o age_n though_o many_o thing_n in_o their_o write_n be_v as_o contrary_a to_o transubstantiation_n and_o the_o independency_n of_o accident_n as_o any_o i_o have_v hitherto_o cite_v 24._o i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o six_o century_n 540._o about_o the_o middle_n whereof_o ephrem_n patriarch_n of_o antioch_n write_v a_o book_n which_o be_v read_v and_o commend_v by_o photius_n concern_v sacred_a constitution_n and_o ceremony_n 229._o against_o the_o eutychian_o therein_o that_o he_o may_v prove_v the_o hypostatical_a union_n that_o in_o christ_n there_o be_v no_o confusion_n of_o nature_n but_o that_o each_o retain_v its_o own_o substance_n and_o property_n he_o bring_v the_o comparison_n of_o the_o sacramental_a union_n and_o deny_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o conversion_n of_o one_o substance_n into_o another_o in_o the_o sacrament_n no_o man_n say_v he_o that_o have_v any_o reason_n will_v say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o ibid._n the_o palpable_a and_o impalpable_a and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o visible_a and_o invisible_a be_v the_o same_o for_o so_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o faithful_a remain_v in_o its_o own_o substance_n and_o yet_o withal_o be_v unite_v to_o a_o spiritual_a grace_n and_o so_o baptism_n though_o it_o become_v whole_o spiritual_a yet_o it_o lose_v not_o the_o sensible_a property_n of_o its_o substance_n that_o be_v water_n neither_o do_v it_o cease_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v make_v by_o grace_n 25._o it_o be_v not_o very_o long_o since_o the_o work_n of_o facundus_n a_o african_a bishop_n be_v print_v 550._o at_o paris_n but_o he_o live_v in_o the_o same_o century_n now_o what_o his_o doctrine_n be_v against_o transubstantiation_n as_o also_o of_o the_o church_n in_o his_o time_n be_v plain_o to_o be_v see_v by_o those_o word_n of_o he_o which_o i_o here_o transcribe_v the_o sacrament_n of_o adoption_n may_v be_v call_v 5._o adoption_n as_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n consecrate_v in_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v say_v to_o be_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n not_o that_o his_o body_n be_v bread_n or_o his_o blood_n wine_n but_o because_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o therefore_o so_o call_v by_o christ_n when_o he_o give_v they_o to_o his_o disciple_n sirmondus_fw-la the_o jesuit_n have_v write_v annotation_n on_o facundus_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o this_o place_n he_o have_v nothing_o to_o say_v but_o that_o the_o bread_n be_v no_o bread_n but_o only_o the_o likeness_n and_o appearance_n of_o bread_n a_o opinion_n so_o unlike_a that_o of_o facundus_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v father_v upon_o he_o by_o a_o learned_a and_o ingenuous_a man_n as_o sirmondus_n will_v be_v think_v to_o be_v for_o he_o can_v so_o much_o as_o produce_v any_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n that_o ever_o make_v mention_n of_o accident_n subsist_v without_o a_o subject_n call_v by_o he_o the_o appearance_n of_o bread_n and_o as_o for_o his_o think_n that_o some_o will_v take_v the_o expression_n of_o facundus_n to_o be_v somewhat_o uncouth_a and_o obscure_a how_o unjust_a and_o injurious_a it_o be_v to_o that_o learned_a father_n may_v easy_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o 26._o isidore_n bishop_n of_o hispal_a about_o the_o 630._o begin_n of_o the_o seven_o century_n write_v thus_o concern_v the_o sacrament_n because_o 18._o the_o bread_n strengthen_v our_o body_n therefore_o it_o be_v call_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o because_o the_o wine_n be_v make_v blood_n therefore_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v express_v by_o it_o now_o these_o two_o be_v visible_a but_o yet_o be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o holy_a spirit_n they_o become_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n body_n for_o the_o bread_n which_o we_o break_v be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n who_o say_v i_o be_o the_o bread_n of_o life_n and_o the_o wine_n be_v his_o blood_n as_o it_o be_v write_v i_o be_o the_o true_a vine_n behold_v say_v he_o they_o become_v a_o sacrament_n not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lord_n body_n for_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o feed_v our_o flesh_n can_v be_v substantial_o nor_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o sacramental_o they_o be_v so_o as_o certain_o as_o that_o they_o be_v
of_o speak_v that_o be_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v the_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o that_o their_o substance_n still_o remain_v they_o be_v sign_n type_n resemblance_n and_o pledge_n of_o they_o image_n figure_n similitude_n representation_n and_o sampler_n of_o they_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o cantrariety_n or_o diversity_n in_o the_o sense_n for_o they_o be_v not_o so_o faithless_a as_o to_o believe_v that_o these_o be_v only_o natural_a element_n or_o bare_a sign_n and_o they_o be_v not_o of_o so_o gross_a and_o so_o dull_a a_o apprehension_n as_o not_o to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o sacramental_a and_o mystic_a and_o the_o carnal_a and_o natural_a presence_n of_o christ_n as_o it_o be_v now_o maintain_v by_o the_o patron_n of_o transubstantiation_n for_o in_o this_o they_o understand_v no_o other_o change_n than_o that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o all_o sacrament_n whereby_o the_o outward_a natural_a part_n be_v say_v to_o be_v change_v into_o the_o inward_a and_o divine_a only_o because_o it_o represent_v it_o true_o and_o efficacious_o and_o make_v all_o worthy_a receiver_n partaker_n thereof_o and_o because_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n and_o of_o christ_n holy_a institution_n the_o element_n obtain_v those_o divine_a excellency_n and_o prerogative_n which_o they_o can_v have_v of_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o this_o be_v it_o which_o be_v teach_v and_o believe_v for_o above_o a_o thousand_o year_n together_o by_o pious_a and_o learned_a antiquity_n concern_v this_o most_o holy_a mystery_n 2._o there_o be_v also_o some_o other_o thing_n whereby_o we_o may_v understand_v that_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o belief_n transubstantiation_n or_o that_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v so_o inseparable_o tie_v to_o the_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n that_o christ_n must_v needs_o be_v present_a as_o long_o as_o those_o accident_n retain_v any_o resemblance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n even_o when_o they_o be_v not_o put_v to_o that_o use_n appoint_v by_o divine_a institution_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n to_o burn_v 600._o what_o remain_v of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n after_o the_o comunion_n be_v end_v and_o who_o can_v believe_v that_o any_o christian_n 97â—_n shall_v dare_v or_o be_v willing_a to_o burn_v his_o lord_n and_o saviour_n in_o body_n and_o blood_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o much_o in_o his_o power_n doubtless_o it_o will_v have_v be_v as_o horrid_a and_o detestable_a a_o action_n as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o perfidious_a jew_n for_o christian_n if_o they_o believe_v transubstantiation_n to_o burn_v that_o very_o natural_a body_n which_o the_o jew_n crucify_a and_o which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n therefore_o those_o christian_n who_o use_v ancient_o to_o burn_v those_o fragment_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o remain_v of_o the_o wine_n which_o be_v not_o spend_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n be_v far_o enough_o from_o hold_v the_o present_a faith_n and_o doctrine_n of_o rome_n the_o same_o appear_v further_a by_o the_o penalty_n threaten_v by_o the_o canon_n to_o every_o clergyman_n by_o who_o neglect_n a_o mouse_n or_o any_o 640._o other_o creature_n shall_v eat_v the_o sacrifice_n that_o be_v the_o consecrate_a bread_n and_o who_o but_o a_o idiot_n a_o man_n deprive_v of_o his_o reason_n can_v ever_o believe_v that_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n can_v be_v gnaw_v and_o even_o eat_v by_o rat_n or_o any_o brute_n creature_n this_o sore_o perplex_v the_o first_o maintainer_n of_o transubstantiation_n who_o will_v invent_v any_o thing_n rather_o than_o own_o it_o possible_a well_o know_v how_o abominable_a it_o be_v and_o how_o dishonourable_a to_o christian_a religion_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o now_o roman_a faith_n nay_o it_o necessary_o follow_v from_o the_o tenet_n of_o transubstantiation_n that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n may_v be_v in_o the_o belly_n of_o a_o mouse_n 2._o under_o the_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n be_v not_o only_o disow_v now_o by_o the_o papist_n but_o under_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n forbid_v by_o the_o 10._o pope_n ever_o to_o be_v own_v so_o that_o they_o must_v believe_v as_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n 5._o what_o be_v most_o abhorrent_n to_o faith_n 3._o but_o yet_o at_o last_o let_v we_o see_v what_o prop_n these_o new_a builder_n pretend_v to_o borrow_v from_o antiquity_n to_o uphold_v their_o castle_n in_o the_o air_n transubstantiation_n they_o use_v indeed_o to_o scrape_v together_o many_o testimony_n of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o first_o and_o middle_a age_n whereby_o they_o will_v fain_o prove_v that_o those_o father_n believe_v and_o teach_v the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o natural_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n just_a as_o the_o roman_a church_n at_o this_o day_n do_v teach_v and_o believe_v we_o will_v therefore_o brief_o examine_v they_o that_o it_o may_v yet_o more_o full_o appear_v that_o antiquity_n and_o all_o father_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o favour_n the_o new_a tenet_n of_o transubstantiation_n but_o that_o that_o true_a doctrine_n which_o i_o have_v set_v down_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o book_n be_v constant_o own_v and_o preserve_v in_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n 4._o now_o almost_o all_o that_o they_o produce_v out_o of_o the_o father_n will_v be_v convenient_o reduce_v to_o certain_a head_n that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v too_o tedious_a in_o answer_v each_o testimony_n by_o itself_o 5._o to_o the_o first_o head_n belong_v those_o other_o that_o call_v the_o eucharist_n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o i_o answer_v those_o father_n explain_v themselves_o in_o many_o place_n and_o interpret_v those_o their_o expression_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o mystic_a and_o spiritual_a sense_n in_o that_o sacrament_n usual_o take_v the_o name_n of_o those_o thing_n they_o represent_v because_o of_o that_o resemblance_n which_o they_o have_v with_o they_o sicut_fw-la not_o by_o the_o reality_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o mystery_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o out_o of_o st._n austin_n and_o other_o for_o no_o body_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v see_v be_v sign_n and_o figure_n and_o those_o that_o be_v not_o see_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o that_o therefore_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o mystery_n be_v such_o that_o when_o we_o receive_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n we_o also_o together_o with_o they_o receive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n be_v as_o true_o give_v as_o they_o be_v represent_v hence_o come_v into_o the_o church_n this_o manner_n of_o speak_v the_o consecrate_a bread_n be_v christ_n body_n 6._o we_o put_v in_o the_o second_o rank_n those_o place_n that_o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n and_o etc._n priest_n make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n with_o the_o sacred_a word_n of_o their_o mouth_n as_o st._n hierom_n speak_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o heliodorus_n and_o st._n ambrose_n and_o other_o to_o this_o i_o say_v that_o at_o the_o prayer_n and_o blessing_n of_o the_o priest_n the_o common_a bread_n be_v make_v sacramental_a bread_n which_o when_o break_a and_o eat_v be_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o therefore_o may_v well_o be_v call_v so_o sacramental_o for_o the_o bread_n as_o i_o have_v often_o say_v before_o do_v not_o only_o represent_v the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n but_o also_o be_v receive_v we_o be_v true_o make_v partaker_n of_o that_o precious_a body_n for_o so_o say_v s._n hier._n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v make_v at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o priest_n that_o be_v evag._n the_o element_n be_v so_o qualify_v that_o be_v receive_v it_o become_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o it_o can_v not_o without_o the_o precede_a prayer_n the_o greek_n call_v this_o to_o prepare_v and_o to_o consecrate_v the_o mat._n body_n of_o the_o lord_n as_o s._n chrysostam_n say_v well_o these_o be_v not_o the_o work_n of_o man_n power_n but_o still_o the_o operation_n of_o he_o who_o make_v they_o in_o the_o last_o supper_n as_o for_o we_o we_o be_v only_a minister_n but_o be_v it_o be_v that_o sanctify_v and_o change_v they_o 7._o in_o the_o three_o place_n to_o what_o be_v aliorum_fw-la bring_v out_o of_o the_o father_n concern_v the_o conversion_n change_n transmutation_n transfiguration_n and_o transelementation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o eucharist_n wherein_o the_o papist_n do_v great_o glory_v boast_v of_o the_o consent_n of_o
that_o by_o that_o food_n which_o he_o give_v we_o we_o become_v his_o flesh_n such_o be_v that_o of_o st._n austin_n let_v we_o give_v thanks_o not_o 23._o only_o that_o we_o be_v make_v christian_n but_o also_o make_v christ_n last_o such_o be_v that_o of_o b._n leo_n in_o that_o mystical_a distribution_n it_o be_v give_v we_o to_o be_v make_v his_o flesh_n certain_o if_o any_o man_n will_v wrangle_v and_o take_v advantage_n of_o these_o he_o may_v thereby_o maintain_v as_o well_o that_o we_o be_v transubstantiate_v into_o christ_n and_o christ_n flesh_n into_o the_o bread_n as_o that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v transubstantiate_v into_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n but_o protestant_n who_o scorn_n to_o play_v the_o sophister_n interpret_v these_o and_o the_o like_a passage_n of_o the_o father_n with_o candour_n and_o ingenuity_n as_o it_o be_v most_o fit_v they_o shall_v for_o the_o expression_n of_o preacher_n which_o often_o have_v something_o of_o a_o paradox_n must_v not_o be_v take_v according_a to_o that_o harsh_a sound_n wherewith_o they_o at_o first_o strike_v the_o auditor_n ear_n the_o father_n speak_v not_o of_o any_o transubstantiated_a bread_n but_o of_o the_o mystical_a and_o consecrate_a when_o they_o use_v those_o sort_n of_o expression_n and_o that_o for_o these_o reason_n 1._o that_o they_o may_v extol_v and_o amplify_v the_o dignity_n of_o this_o mystery_n which_o all_o true_a christian_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v very_o great_a and_o peerless_a 2._o that_o communicant_n may_v not_o rest_v in_o the_o outward_a element_n but_o serious_o consider_v the_o thing_n represent_v whereof_o they_o be_v most_o certain_o make_v partaker_n if_o they_o be_v worthy_a receiver_n 3._o and_o last_o that_o they_o may_v approach_v so_o great_a a_o mystery_n with_o the_o more_o zeal_n reverence_n and_o devotion_n and_o that_o those_o hyperbolic_a expression_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v understand_v the_o father_n themselves_o teach_v clear_o enough_o when_o they_o come_v to_o interpret_v they_o 9_o last_o be_v the_o same_o holy_a father_n who_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v to_o discourse_v of_o sacrament_n speak_v sometime_o of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o lord_n supper_n as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o very_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n do_v also_o very_o often_o call_v they_o type_n element_n sign_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n from_o hence_o it_o appear_v most_o manifest_o that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o protestant_n and_o not_o of_o the_o papist_n opinion_n for_o we_o can_v without_o prejudice_n to_o what_o we_o believe_v of_o the_o sacrament_n use_v those_o former_a expression_n which_o the_o papist_n believe_v do_v most_o favour_n they_o if_o they_o be_v understand_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v sacramental_o but_o the_o latter_a none_o can_v use_v but_o he_o must_v thereby_o overthrow_v the_o groundless_a doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n these_o two_o the_o bread_n be_v transubstantiate_v into_o the_o body_n and_o the_o bread_n also_o be_v the_o type_n the_o sign_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v whole_o inconsistent_a for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o thing_n that_o lose_v its_o be_v shall_v yet_o be_v the_o sign_n and_o representation_n of_o another_o neither_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v the_o type_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o itself_o 10._o but_o if_o without_o admit_v of_o a_o sacramental_a sense_n the_o word_n be_v use_v too_o rigorous_o nothing_o but_o this_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v real_o and_o proper_o the_o very_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o they_o themselves_o disow_v that_o hold_v transubstantiation_n therefore_o in_o this_o change_n it_o be_v not_o a_o newness_n of_o substance_n but_o of_o use_n and_o virtue_n that_o be_v produce_v which_o yet_o the_o father_n acknowledge_v with_o we_o to_o be_v wonderful_a supernatural_a and_o proper_a only_a to_o god_n omnipotency_n for_o that_o earthly_a and_o corruptible_a meat_n can_v become_v to_o we_o a_o spiritual_a and_o heavenly_a the_o communion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n without_o god_n especial_a power_n and_o operation_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v far_o above_o philosophy_n and_o humane_a reason_n that_o christ_n from_o heaven_n where_o alone_o he_o be_v local_o shall_v reach_v down_o to_o we_o the_o divine_a virtue_n of_o his_o flesh_n so_o that_o we_o be_v make_v one_o body_n with_o he_o therefore_o it_o be_v as_o necessary_a as_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o the_o father_n shall_v tell_v we_o that_o we_o ought_v with_o singleness_n of_o heart_n to_o believe_v the_o son_n of_o god_n when_o he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o measure_v this_o high_a and_o holy_a mystery_n by_o our_o narrow_a conception_n or_o by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n for_o it_o be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o god_n with_o a_o humble_a simplicity_n of_o faith_n to_o reverence_n and_o embrace_v the_o word_n of_o christ_n than_o to_o wrest_v they_o violent_o to_o a_o strange_a and_o improper_a sense_n and_o with_o curiosity_n and_o presumption_n to_o determine_v what_o exceed_v the_o capacity_n of_o man_n and_o angel_n thus_o much_o in_o general_n may_v suffice_v to_o answer_v those_o place_n of_o the_o father_n which_o be_v usual_o bring_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o transubstantiation_n he_o that_o will_v have_v a_o large_a refutation_n of_o those_o objection_n fetch_v from_o antiquity_n may_v read_v hospinianus_n his_o history_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o 13._o antonius_n de_fw-fr dominis_n in_o his_o five_o book_n of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n chap._n 6._o and_o in_o his_o detection_n of_o the_o error_n of_o suarez_n chap._n 2._o 11._o that_o place_n of_o ignatius_n cite_v by_o ignat_fw-la theodoret_n out_o of_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o smyrnenses_n where_o now_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v and_o object_v by_o some_o of_o the_o romish_a faith_n that_o the_o heretic_n simoniani_n and_o menandriani_fw-la will_v have_v no_o eucharistical_a oblation_n because_o they_o deny_v the_o sacrament_n to_o be_v the_o flesh_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n make_v nothing_o for_o transubstantiation_n as_o bellarmine_n himself_o confess_v for_o say_v he_o those_o heretic_n 3._o do_v not_o oppose_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n so_o much_o as_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o incarnation_n and_o therefore_o as_o ignatius_n show_v in_o that_o place_n they_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n that_o be_v as_o theodoret_n interpret_v 2._o it_o that_o the_o divine_a mystery_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n shall_v be_v the_o sign_n of_o a_o real_a body_n of_o christ_n true_o exist_v because_o they_o will_v not_o own_o that_o christ_n have_v take_v flesh_n and_o so_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o reality_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n they_o will_v whole_o reject_v the_o sign_n and_o sacrament_n of_o it_o for_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o body_n be_v give_v the_o true_a body_n be_v give_v also_o because_o the_o substance_n and_o the_o type_n infer_v one_o another_o and_o a_o phantasm_n or_o illusion_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o a_o sign_n or_o representation_n 12._o the_o word_n out_o of_o justin_n martyr_n imp_n whereby_o they_o will_v prove_v transubstantiation_n do_v strong_o disprove_v it_o for_o say_v he_o as_o by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n our_o saviour_n be_v incarnate_a so_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o god_n word_n the_o eucharist_n be_v make_v whereby_o our_o body_n be_v nourish_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n now_o when_o christ_n take_v humane_a flesh_n none_o can_v say_v without_o heresy_n that_o he_o be_v transubstantiate_v 13._o neither_o be_v that_o against_o the_o protestant_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o st._n cyprian_n dom._n though_o it_o be_v none_o of_o he_o of_o the_o bread_n change_v not_o in_o appearance_n but_o in_o nature_n for_o he_o whoever_o it_o be_v take_v not_o the_o word_n nature_n in_o a_o strict_a sense_n or_o else_o he_o be_v contrary_a to_o theodoret_n gelasius_n and_o other_o abovementioned_a who_o express_o deny_v that_o the_o bread_n shall_v be_v thus_o change_v but_o at_o large_a as_o nature_n be_v take_v for_o use_n quality_n and_o condition_n for_o by_o the_o infinite_a power_n of_o the_o word_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v so_o change_v that_o what_o be_v before_o a_o bare_a element_n become_v now_o a_o divine_a sacrament_n but_o without_o any_o transubstantiation_n as_o appear_v by_o what_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o period_n of_o the_o humane_a and_o divine_a nature_n of_o christ_n where_o the_o manhood_n be_v not_o substantial_o change_v into_o the_o godhead_n except_o we_o will_v follow_v eutyches_n the_o heretic_n 14._o the_o word_n of_o cyril_n as_o the_o roman_a 4_o doctor_n faith_n be_v so_o clear_a for_o they_o that_o they_o admit_v
proper_a zenith_n none_o can_v raise_v his_o merit_n do_v so_o far_o exceed_v all_o praise_n then_o sure_o thou_o be_v blessed_v nor_o do_v thou_o less_o heaven_n with_o thy_o soul_n earth_n with_o thy_o body_n bless_v when_o i_o go_v hence_o o_o may_v i_o dwell_v with_o thou_o in_o thy_o appoint_a place_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v now_o this_o berengarius_fw-la be_v not_o only_a archdeacon_n 3._o of_o anger_n be_v but_o also_o the_o scholasticus_n or_o master_n of_o the_o chair_n of_o the_o same_o church_n which_o dignity_n be_v ever_o enyoy_v by_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n for_o his_o office_n be_v in_o great_a church_n to_o teach_v the_o clergy_n and_o instruct_v they_o in_o sound_a doctrine_n all_o this_o i_o have_v produce_v more_o at_o large_a to_o manifest_v the_o base_a and_o injurious_a calumny_n cast_v upon_o this_o worthy_a and_o famous_a man_n by_o latter_a writer_n as_o 1040._o john_n garetius_n of_o louvain_n 21._o william_n alan_n our_o countryman_n and_o other_o who_o not_o only_o accuse_v he_o of_o be_v a_o heretic_n but_o also_o a_o worthless_a and_o a_o unlearned_a man_n 5._o berengarius_fw-la stand_v up_o valiant_o in_o defence_n of_o that_o doctrine_n which_o 170_o year_n before_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o god_n word_n and_o the_o holy_a father_n in_o france_n by_o bertram_n and_o john_n erigena_n and_o by_o other_o elsewhere_o against_o those_o who_o teach_v that_o in_o the_o eucharist_n neither_o bread_n nor_o wine_n remain_v after_o the_o consecration_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o either_o believe_v or_o teach_v as_o many_o false_o and_o shameless_o have_v impute_v to_o he_o that_o nothing_o more_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o lord_n supper_n but_o bare_a sign_n only_o or_o mere_a bread_n and_o wine_n but_o he_o believe_v and_o open_o profess_v as_o st._n austin_n and_o other_o faithful_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n have_v teach_v out_o of_o god_n word_n that_o in_o this_o mystery_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a be_v true_o feed_v by_o the_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n to_o life_n eternal_a nevertheless_o it_o be_v neither_o his_o mind_n nor_o his_o doctrine_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v reduce_v to_o nothing_o or_o change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n or_o as_o some_o than_o will_v have_v have_v the_o church_n believe_v that_o christ_n himself_o come_v down_o carnal_o from_o heaven_n entire_a book_n he_o write_v upon_o this_o subject_n but_o they_o have_v be_v whole_o suppress_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o now_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v yet_o what_o we_o have_v of_o he_o in_o his_o great_a enemy_n lanfrank_n i_o here_o set_v down_o by_o the_o euch._n consecration_n at_o the_o altar_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v make_v a_o sacrament_n of_o religion_n not_o to_o cease_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v but_o to_o be_v change_v into_o something_o else_o and_o to_o become_v what_o they_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o what_o st._n ambrose_n have_v teach_v again_o there_o be_v two_o part_n in_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o church_n this_o be_v according_a to_o st._n irenaeus_n the_o visible_a sacrament_n and_o the_o invisible_a thing_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n item_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v consecrate_a remain_v in_o their_o substance_n have_v a_o resemblance_n with_o that_o whereof_o they_o be_v a_o sacrament_n for_o else_o they_o can_v not_o be_v a_o sacrament_n last_o sacrament_n be_v visible_a sign_n of_o divine_a thing_n but_o in_o they_o the_o invisible_a thing_n be_v honour_v all_o this_o agree_v well_o with_o st._n austin_n and_o other_o father_n above_o cite_v 6._o he_o do_v not_o therefore_o by_o this_o his_o doctrine_n exclude_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n from_o the_o sacrament_n but_o in_o its_o right_a administration_n he_o join_v together_o the_o thing_n signify_v with_o the_o sacred_a sign_n and_o teach_v that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o eat_v with_o the_o mouth_n in_o a_o carnal_a way_n but_o with_o the_o mind_n and_o soul_n and_o spirit_n neither_o do_v berengarius_fw-la alone_o maintain_v this_o orthodox_n and_o ancient_a doctrine_n for_o editum_fw-la sigibert_n bedae_n william_n of_o malmesbury_n 1037._o matthew_n paris_n and_o annum_fw-la matthew_n of_o westminster_n make_v it_o certain_a that_o almost_o all_o the_o french_a italian_n and_o english_a of_o those_o time_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v say_v write_v and_o dispute_v in_o its_o defence_n by_o 6._o many_o man_n among_o who_o be_v bruno_n than_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o church_n of_o anger_n be_v now_o this_o great_o displease_v the_o papal_a faction_n who_o take_v great_a care_n that_o those_o man_n write_n shall_v not_o be_v deliver_v to_o posterity_n and_o now_o do_v write_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o berengarius_fw-la own_v by_o the_o father_n and_o maintain_v by_o many_o famous_a nation_n sculkt_v only_o in_o some_o dark_a corner_n or_o other_o 7._o the_o first_o pope_n who_o oppose_v himself_o to_o berengarius_fw-la be_v leo_n the_o 9_o nine_o a_o plain_a man_n indeed_o but_o too_o much_o lead_v by_o humbert_n and_o hildebrand_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v desire_v citato_fw-la he_o pronounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o berengarius_fw-la absent_a and_o unheard_a and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o call_v a_o council_n at_o verceil_n wherein_o john_n erigena_n and_o berengarius_fw-la man_n be_v condemn_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o they_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o bereng_n eucharist_n be_v only_o bare_a sign_n which_o be_v far_o from_o their_o thought_n and_o far_a yet_o from_o their_o belief_n this_o roar_a therefore_o of_o the_o lion_n fright_v not_o berengarius_fw-la nay_o the_o etc._n gallican_n church_n do_v also_o oppose_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o synod_n of_o verceil_n and_o defend_v with_o berengarius_fw-la the_o oppress_a truth_n 8._o to_o leo_n succeed_v pope_n victor_n the_o second_o ii_o who_o see_v that_o berengarius_fw-la can_v not_o be_v cast_v down_o and_o crush_v by_o the_o fulmination_n of_o his_o predecessor_n send_v his_o legate_n hildebrand_n into_o france_n and_o call_v another_o council_n at_o tours_n where_o berengarius_fw-la be_v cite_v do_v free_o appear_v and_o whence_o he_o be_v free_o dismiss_v after_o he_o have_v give_v it_o under_o his_o hand_n that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o church_n be_v not_o shadow_n and_o empty_a figure_n and_o that_o he_o hold_v none_o other_o but_o the_o common_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n for_o he_o do_v not_o alter_v his_o judgement_n as_o modern_a papist_n give_v out_o but_o he_o persist_v to_o teach_v and_o maintain_v the_o same_o doctrine_n as_o before_o as_o lanfrank_n complain_v of_o he_o 9_o yet_o his_o enemy_n will_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v ii_o with_o this_o but_o they_o urge_v pope_n nicholas_n the_o second_o who_o within_o a_o few_o month_n that_o stephen_n the_o ten_o sit_v succeed_v victor_n without_o the_o emperor_n consent_n to_o call_v a_o new_a council_n at_o rome_n against_o berengarius_fw-la for_o that_o sensual_a manner_n of_o presence_n by_o they_o devise_v to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o christ_n be_v reject_v by_o berengarius_fw-la and_o he_o teach_v as_o he_o do_v before_o that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o present_a in_o such_o a_o sort_n as_o that_o it_o may_v be_v at_o pleasure_n bring_v in_o and_o out_o take_v into_o the_o stomach_n cast_v on_o the_o ground_n tread_v under_o foot_n and_o bit_n or_o devour_v by_o any_o beast_n they_o false_o charge_v he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v deny_v that_o it_o be_v present_a at_o all_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirteen_o bishop_n come_v to_o the_o 1059._o council_n to_o obey_v the_o pope_n mandate_n berengarius_fw-la come_v also_o and_o as_o 1059._o sigonius_n and_o 33._o leo_n ostiensis_n say_v when_o none_o present_a can_v withstand_v he_o they_o send_v for_o one_o albericus_n a_o monk_n of_o mont_n cassin_n make_v cardinal_n by_o pope_n stephen_n who_o have_v ask_v seven_o day_n time_n to_o answer_v in_o writing_n bring_v at_o last_o his_o scroll_n against_o berengarius_fw-la the_o reason_n and_o argument_n use_v therein_o to_o convince_v his_o antagonist_n be_v not_o now_o extant_a but_o whatever_o they_o be_v berengarius_fw-la be_v command_v present_o without_o any_o delay_n 18._o to_o recant_v in_o that_o form_n prescribe_v and_o appoint_v by_o cardinal_n humbert_n which_o be_v thus_o 42._o ay_o berengarius_fw-la etc._n etc._n assent_n to_o the_o holy_a roman_a and_o apostolic_a see_v and_o with_o my_o heart_n and_o mouth_n do_v profess_v that_o i_o hold_v that_o faith_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n table_n which_o our_o lord_n and_o venerable_a pope_n nicholas_n and_o this_o sacred_a council_n have_v