framing the Decrees of Originall sinne and Justification having noted all the opinions and reasons used in those Discussions thought to communicate them unto the world and to draw the words of the Decree to his own meaning printed a Book containing the whole together and did intitle it De Natura Gratia and did Dedicate it with an Epistle to the Councell to be as he said in the Dedication a Commentary of the two foresaid Decrees Coming to the Article of the certainty of grace he said in a long Discourse that the Synod had declared that a man cannot know he hath grace by so great Certainty as is that of Faith excluding all doubt Catarinâ—s newly made Bishop of Minori having defended the contrary and still persevering did print a little book with an Epistle Dedicatory to the same Synod the scope whereof was to maintain that the Councels meaning was not to condemn the opinion of him that saith A just man may know he hath grace as certainly as he knoweth the Articles of Faith to be true yea that the Councell hath decided that he is bound to beleeve it because in the 26 Canon it hath condemned him that saith That the just man ought not to hope for and expect a reward it being necessary that he that ought to hope as a just man should know he is so In this contrariety of opinions both writing affirmatively to the Councell either of them did not only say that his opinion was the opinion of the Synod but afterwards wrote also and Printed Apologies and Antipologies making complaints to the Synod the one of the other of attributing that to it which it never said bringing divers testimonies of the Fathers to prove their own opinion who bare witness some for one some for another This seemed to put all men out of hope to understand the meaning of the Councell seeing the principall men that were present in it did not agree History of the Counc of Trent l. 2. p. 229 230. Cato he was called Cato Censorius to distinguish him from Cato Uticensis Pliny l. 7. c. 21. gives him a threefold Elogy he saith he was Optimus Orator optimus Imperator optimus Senator the best Orator the best Commander the best Senator M. Porcius Cato Censorius historieus eximius aliis quoque nominibus laudatissimus Voss. De Histor. Lat. l. 1. c. 5. Plutarch wrote his life Catullus Dulcissimus omnium poetarum politissimus Turneb Advers l. 12. c. 1. Iacobus Cavacius There is his Historia Caenobii D. Iustinae Patavinae Nemo sorâ—e melius nostra hac aetate monstravit quid valeat vivida foelix ingenii ab ipsa natura vis quam Iacobus Cavacius condiscipulus olim noster amicus omnium horarum Histeriarum libri sex brevissimo temporis intervallo absoluti eruditorum manibus tâ—runtur quos Phoenix Litteratorum Isaacus Casaubonus unicè â—â—rabatur Pignoriâ— Miscella Elog. Adclamat c. Nicol. Caussinus a very eloquent French Papist and yet living There are these Works of his Eloquentiae Sacrae humanae Paralela De Symbolica Aegyptiorum Sapientia Polyhistor Symbolicus Lâ— Coâ—r Saincte The â—uâ—us Graecae Poeseos Many of his Works are translated into English Aurelius Cornelius Celsus a Learned Physitian Vir in omni disciplina summus Augusti principatu vel Tiberii floruit Castellanus de vitis medicorum Vide plura ibid. Hippocrates ille Romanus He imitates Hippocrates as Marcellus doth Scribonius Virgill Homer and Oribasius Galene sed tam occulte ut non facile deprehendas nisi in Hippocrate multum sis versatus Caius de libris propriis Conradus Celtes He was in esteem in the time of Frederick the Emperour by whom through the perswasion of the Duke of Saxony he was adorned with a Poeticall Lawrell in the 32 year of his age and was the first of the Germanes that was honoured with this title Boxhorn Monum Illust. Vir. Elog. Voss. de Histor. Lat. l. 3. c. 10. He and Eobanus Hessus were two of the most famous Poets of Germany He hath put out severall Works Index eorum omnium quae in orationem venire possunt De situ moribus Germaniae De Conscribendis Epistolis Urbis Norembergae descriptio Poemata and other Works CHAP. XI CEnturiae Ecclesiasticae Four Saxons gathered together in the City of Magdeburge viz. Flaccus Illyricus Ioannes Vigandus Matthaeus Iudex and Basilius Faber in religion rigid Luther anes took upon them to write the whole Ecclesiastical History from Christ to their times by centuries or ages allowing a hundred year to every age whence they are called Centuriatores Pars. threefold Convers. of Engl. part 1. l. 2. c. 5. Lucas Osiander hath epitomized the eight first Centuries of the Magdeburgenses so that he hath scarce omitted any thing necessary to be known All godly learned men and truly fearing God saith Melchior Adam in vita Wigandi have with Sturmius approved that Ecclesiastical History and to this day approve it because they see an Idea as it were of the Church of Christ in its several Centuries contained in it according to its propagation persecution tranquillity doctrine heresie Ceremonies Government schismes Synods persons miracles Martyrdoms the Religion out of the Church and Politick State of the Empire Iacobus Ceratinus He died at Lovain in the flower of his Age Anno 1530. Ludovicus de la Cerda a learned and industrious man He hath put out these Works Adversaria sacra Psalterii Salomonis c. Gr. MS. Codice Latina versio De excellentia Coelestium Spirituum imprimis de Angeli custodis Ministerio Annotationes in Tertullianum Com. in Lib. Virgilii and other Works Antonius Rodolphus Cevallerius a Norman a great Hebrician There are Rudimenta Hebraicae linguae recognita aucta ab eodem cum Pet. Cevallerii Annot. Joh. Tremellii Epistola Petrus Cevallorius a French man and very expert in the Hebrew Vir linguae sanctae dum viveret peritissimus mihique ob singularem pietatem morum probitatem charissimus Casaub. Animadvers in Athen. l. 3. c. 28. Demetrius Chalcondylas a diligent Grammarian who being himself a Grecian by Nation was Professour of the Greek in Italy Daniel Chamierus a Frenchman who in his Panstratiae Catholicae hath so learnedly refuted the Papists that none of them hath made any answer to it His Epistolae Iesuiticae and Corpus Theologiae also shew his great abilities There is also a Work of his in French entituled La Confusion Des Disputes Papistes Par Daniel Chamier And another in answer to some Questions of Coton the Jesuite which I cannot purchase He was killed at Mountaban with a Canon bullet which had a C. on it on the Lords-day Being asked by one before Whether he preached on that day He said it was his day of repose or rest and so it proved though he meant it in another sense Peter Charon a French Papist He
dignity and office to Peter himself Minime verò vel ipsis crepantibus Antichristis But thou wilt say that none was strengthened in the faith by Iulius But dost not thou see a remedy prepared viz. an Oecumenicall Councell Hic nobis adest Cardinalis Crescens qui ut Ecclesiae dignitas crescat recuperetur efficiet Gentilet Exam. Concil Trid. l. 3. Sess. 12. For the Lords Supper and the Mass Peter du Moulin in his Anatomy de la Messe l. 1. chap. 2. reckons up thirty four contrarieties between them How the Papists transgress against both Law and Gospel breaking every Commandement and violating every article of the Creed and both the Sacraments The Papists have used both violent and fraudulent means to propagate their Religion 1. Violent as the Spanish Inquisition the Irish Immanity the Gunpowder plot in England shew They teach that hereticks are to be extirpated with fire and sword Thuanus Hist. tom 5. parte secunda p. 135. fully relates the Gunpowder Treason and begins thus Nunc horrendam ab omnibus aeque damnatam conjurationem contra magnae Britanniae Regem vitam continua narratione exequemur They use fraudulent means they make use of spurious writings defend equivocation they shelter themselves with false Miracles Legends Relicks That Massacre of Paris was very cruel but ushered in with pretences of great love and friendship There are three maxims saith Peter du Moulin which are the pillars of Popery The first of which is That the Church of Rome cannot erre The second That the Pope and the Church of Rome are not subject to the holy Scripture but have more Authority then it The third That the Pope and Church of Rome have power to change the Commandments of God and to make new Articles of Faith D r Ereston as I remember reduceth all to these two heads 1. That the true Church cannot erre 2. That the Church of Rome is that true Church Peter du Moulin in his Anatomie De La messe l. 4. Chap. 5. shews when England received the Orders of Rome Chap. 7. when Popery was brought into France and Chap. 8. when it was brought into Spain What opinion was there heretofore of Monkery What esteem have the Papists of it still This is one of the Prerogatives of the Order of S t Francis and S t Dominick that the habit of S t Francis or S t Dominick is worthy a second Baptism and that by this habit all the former sins are blotted out Whence it came that many Princes and Persons of quality in mortal diseases have put on the habit of S t Francis that they might blot out all their sins Learned Rudolphus Agrîcola dying at Heidelberg was buried in a Fraciscans habit by the Minorites as he commanded Campians brag in his third reason Ad Patres si quando licebit accedere confectum est praelium tam sunt nostri quam Gregorius ipse Decimus tertius filiorum Ecclesiae Pater amantissimus is succinctly and pithily answered by our learned Whitaker Quem nos filiorum Ecclesiae hostem capitalem furiosum esse novimus eum tu Patrem vocas amantissimum quam hoc verum est tam illud esse verum concludis Fateor ambo quam illud utrumque enim falsissimum CHAP. VI. Of the Reformed Religion THe people of God which are called and come out of Babylon need not a new plantation of a Church but a Reformation only In which respect the term of the Reformed Churches is very fit and godly and the proceeding accordingly Whereas the course of the Anabaptists and all such as either begin all anew or averre such Assertions as do necessarily imply it is not only preposterous but exceeding sinfull and erroneous Iohnsons Christian Plea pag. 137. Gerhard in his Catholick Confession lib. 1. General part 1. cap. 4. saith That Luther in his work of Reformation Non fuisse novi alicujus dogmatis inventorem sed antiquae fidei assertorem nec fuisse novae Ecclesiae autorem sed pristinae repurgatorem Junius noster dicere solebat Papistas ita in fundamentis errare ut à fundamentis non aberrarent cui ego plane assentioâ—â— Walaei Epistolae Antonio Walaeo Hugo Grotio Gerhard in his first General Book of his Catholick Confession chap. 6. speaks of Luther the instrument of Reformation and chap. 7. of the occasion of Reformation the immoderate extolling of the Popes indulgences and the excessive gain of those that vented them The Prophet Zachary saith The man whose name is the Branch he shall build the Temple of the Lord Because 1. The Temple is Christs house Matth. 16. 18. Heb. 3. 6. 2. Christ hath undertaken this work This appears in the work of Reformation because they which were the chief Reformers did not communicate their counsels to one another and likewise if we consider the instruments by Luther a Monk and other mean men in Germany and by Edward the 6 th a childe in England and by a woman Q. Elizabeth that such a glorious work should be effected Also if we observe how our cause from the beginning against the will of Emperours and many Kings maugre the malice of Popes hath taken increase and by little and little spread into all Countreys Quibus armis obsecro vos intra annos 58. plus minus expugâ—atum ferè est Antichristi regnum in tota prope Europa Regnum verâ— Christi longè lateque propagatum per homines imbecilles atque inermes per Lutherum cum suis in Germania per Zuinglium in Helvetia per Calvinum in Galliis perque alios aliis in locis nisi vi verbi Spiritus Sanctus qui in ipsis locutus est suasque exeruit vires adversus omnem mundi Satanae potestatem Zanch. Orat. The Church of Rome was so unsound in Doctrine and corrupt in worship that it was no schism but a duty then to separate from it The means taken by the first Reformers for promoting the work of Reformation of Religion 1. They searched diligently into the Word of God and so discovered the errours of Popery Their care was after to translate the Bible into vulgar languages and to interpret it to the people and illustrate it with ample Comments 2. They were carefull to educate children in the Principles of Christian Religion and Piety It is a piece of Luthers counsel if ever you would have a good Reformation look to the Reformation of children 3. They were ready to dispute with their Adversaries in all places and speedily to reply to their writings Nonne tot disputationes Witembergenses Ratisbonienses Augustanae Spirenses Wormatienses Bernenses Posliacenae Londinenses Cantabrigienses Oxonienses testes esse possunt locupletissimae quo animo qua doctrina qua veritate causam Religionis nostrae propugnaverimus Whitakeri ad Rat. primam Camp Respons Chamier hath answered the Papists generally in his learned Panstratia Catholica Bellarmine is well answered by Iunius Ames Whitaker The
Rome was corrupt and needed Reformation and some that were his contemporaries and also after him did the like One saith the Papists Liturgies are full of Idolatry and blasphemies their Legends full of lies their Ceremonies of superstition Cardinall Mattheo Langî Archbishop of Salzburg told every one that the reformation of the Mass was honest the liberty of meats convenient and the demand just to be disburthened of so many Commandments of men but that a poor Monk should reform all was not to be endured And Cornelius Scoperus the Emperours Secretary said that if the Protestant Preachers had money they would easily buy of the Italians what Religion pleased them best but without gold it was impossible to make theirs shine in the world Hist. of the Counc of Trent l. 1. pag. 55. The Pope in the beginning of the Councell of Trent being desired to make a Reformation to please the Lutherans No saith he it is in vain a whole Reformation will undo the Church and a half Reformation will not gratifie the Lutherans therefore it is better to imbitter both the parties In the vacancies of the Sea of Rome the Cardinals use to compose certain capitulations to reform the Papall Government which all swear to perform if they shall be assumed to the Popedom though it appear by all precedent examples that every one sweareth with a minde not to keep them in case he shall be Pope For so soon as he is elected he saith he could not bind himself and that he is at liberty by gaining the Papacy History of the Councel of Trent l. 1. p. 71. The Cardinals chosen by Pope Paul the third to consider of the State of the Church made report that there were many corruptions in it 31 abuses especially in the manners of Bishops and Clergymen That the Bishops were idle did not instruct the people nor feed the Flock nor look to the Lords Vineyard that they lived in Princes Courts and kept not home That the Cardinals had sometimes three sometimes four Bishops in Commendam not without great prejudice to the Church for that those Offices are not compatible or to be held together That the Covents ought to be clean banished out of the Church B. Iewels Epistle concerning the Councell of Trenâ—t In the midst of Popery God had his people which holding the foundation rejected their errours and out of Babylonish darkness he brought many to the sight of the truth as Waldo Wickliff Luther Zuinglius God stirred up in severall ages some publick and constant Confessors of the Faith which publickly set themselves against Popery some of which resisting it even unto blood had the Crown of Martyrdom Those Confessors may be distributed into three Classes or ranks The first comprehends the whole Churches the Waldenses and the Greek Church The other comprehends the Emperours and Kings which opposed themselves to the Papall Tyranny The third the Doctors and Martyrs which taxed the errours and abuses brought into the Church Bellarmine Bozius Cocceius Costerus and others have written many things of the Marks or Signes of a Church Costerus reckons three Cocceius five Bellarmine fifteen Bozius a hundred Some assign more some fewer Marks but all greatly glory of the holiness of the Roman Church as a speciall and infallible note If the question be of the Roman Church they answer It is One Holy Catholicall Apostolicall If of the Papall Sea The Holy Apostolicall Sea If of the Pope of Rome The most Holy Father If they speak to him Your Holiness Oh quam sancta omnia But whether we understand of holiness of Doctrine or holiness of Life how little holiness is to be found amongst them What holiness of Doctrine is there in that Tenet to hold that Priests may not marry See Heb. 13. 4. What holiness of life there is amongst them their Stews and their dissolute courses shew The nine choice persons elected by Paul the third to reform their Church complain of the Stews Roma vale vidi satis est vidisse revertar Cum leno aut meretrix Scurra Cinaedus ero Vivere qui sancte cupitis discedite Româ Omnia cùm liceant non licet esse pium Mantuan How dissolute and prodigiously wicked many of the Popes have been the Popish Writers themselves mention How unclean and Sodomiticall many of their Cardinals were we have evident Testimony See the Scarlet Gown or the History of all the present Cardinals at Rome How desperate the life and death of many Jesuites hath been who have against their own consciences opposed the truth Elias Hasenmullerus in his Historia ordinis Iesuitici reports who relates many examples to that purpose seen and heard by himself See Chap. 4 5. of their publick and private life Chap. 11. of their death Of their filthy Monks and Votaries Bale hath written two parts For their worshipping of Reliques what a fond thing is that When many of their Saints are but supposed and their Reliques also To worship the supposed Relique of a supposed Saint Calvin an eye-witness testifieth that when Genevah received the Doctrine of the Gospel the Reliques were visited by the authority of the Magistrate and it was found that what they had adored till then as if it had been the brain of Peter was a Pumice stone and what they had beleeved to be S t Anthony's arm was the sinew of a Hart or Stag. The parts and parcels of wood kept in Europe which they say are parts of the Cross whereon Christ died are so many that if they were all gathered together they would load a ship and yet it was no greater then a man may bear The milk of the Virgin Mary is so plentifull in many places that seven of the best Kine in Holland are not able to give so much milk in ten years saith One. They shew Iudas his Lanthorn at S t Denis in France At Rome there is kept in S t Iohns Church in Lateran the circumcised foreskin of Christ and the Altar at which Iohn did say Divine Service in the Wilderness See D r Willet on Exod. 16. Confer 5. and D r Halls no Peace with Rome p. 661. For the holy Scripture though Bellarmine brags Romanenses pluris facere Scripturam quam Lutheranos yet Gerhard in the first Generall book of his Catholick Confession part 2. c. 4. shews that the Papists weaken the Divine Majesty and authority of the Scriptures twelve waies besides the severall reproaches cast upon it by divers of them which he there also mentions Petrus Fragius Doctor of Divinity made an Oration to the Fathers of the Councell of Trent to assert the authority of the Pope of Rome He told them God had prayed for Peter who being after converted confirmed his brethren in the faith Si igitur said he Dominus pro Petro precatus est cur jam pro Iulio non precabitur What is Christ more weak or cruell now then he was and is Iulius inferiour in
Rhemist Testament and the Notes are well confuted by Cartwright and Fulk Casaubone hath written learned Exercitations against Baronius Bishop Morton Doctor Fulk and Whitaker have answered the Treatises of several Papists Rivet and Blondel and Moulin have answered Cardinal Peroon Bishop Usher Bishop Andrews Bishop Abbot Doctor Prideaux and others of our Divines have stoutly opposed other Papists The Reformed Religion is well defended by the English and French Divines Some much commend three Epistles that Epistle or Preface of Calvins to his Institutions That of Casaubons to his Exercitations against Baronius and that of Thuanus or Guicchardine before his History That of Calvins is a succinct and pithy Apology for the Protestant Religion Iâ—els Apology was generally liked by the Reformed Churches Daillè Croyus Blondel Iacobus Capellus Amyrot and Gentilettus have written in French or Latine in Defence of the Reformed Religion 4. They diligently compiled the Histories of those times and actions and especially Martyrologies of such as rendred by their deaths a testimony to that truth which was perfecuted in them As we ought highly to reverence the Fathers for their Antiquity so in our times we owe much respect to many famous Writers because by their most learned Labours they have given great light to the right understanding of the holy Scripture We have the same instruments which they had viz. the holy Scriptures and far greater help Zuinglius Luther Calvin all those learned men are to be loved and highly honoured as those that have well deserved of the Church their Books are also to be diligently read and to be preferred before the Volumes of many of the Fathers as those which have more truly interpreted the minde of the holy Ghost then the Fathers which have illustrated the Christian Doctrine brought out of darknesse with wonderfull perspicuity have comprized it with wonderfull brevity and explained it in an excellent method Zanch. Prolegom in Esaiam Illustres illi viri nec unquam sine summa honoris praefatione nominandi quorum Deus in religione restauranda opera usus est Upon the view of the Doctrine of the Church of England compiled by them in the XXXIX Articles translated into Latine in the dayes of King Edward the 6 th and sent abroad into the whole Christian world it was said abroad Puritas doctrinae viget in Anglia For the first ten years of Queen Elizabeth most of the Papists of England came to our Churches prayed our prayers heard our Sermons and received our Sacraments untill by the instigation of the Jesuites Pope Pius Quintus excommunicated Queen Elizabeth and enjoyned all the Papists not to resort to our Churches So they did in Ireland till 88 some Spanish Priests then landing there told them it was condemned in the Councel of Trent This is that Religion which since the first Reformation of it Anno 1. Edw. 6. above one and twenty several Sessions of Parliament as learned as wise as religious as ever were in this Kingdom have allowed and approved M r Baxter in his Confession of Faith Sect. 41. saith thus of the late Assembly of Divines at Westminster I so highly reverence that Assembly that I think this Nation since the Apostles dayes had never any that excelled it for Piety and Ability and Sect. 3. he much magnifies both the Confession of Faith and the Shorter Catechism put out by the Assembly I truly professe saith he Sect. 5. I take the Labours of the Assembly especially these three Pieces the Confession of Faith the larger and lesser Catechism for the best Books next my Bible in my study What Kingdom in Europe is there which hath not yielded eminent Scholars and famous Martyrs of the Reformed Religion France had Calvin Farel Viret Sadeel Daneus Marlorate Beza Mornee Chamier Rivet Peter du Moulin Daillè and many others Italy brought forth and cast out because it was unworthy of them Peter Martyr Zanchy also Immanuel Tremelius and Deodate Spain had Iohn Diaz Austen Cacalla and also other Martyrs Germany had Luther Melancthon Ioachim Camerarius and Chemnitius Zuinglius Oecolampadius Martin Bucer Wolfangus Capito Caspar Hedio Musculus Hyperius Foster Avenarius Mollerus Pezelius Helvetiae had Bullinger Gualter Pellicane Leo Iudae Aretius Wolfius Simler Bibliander Stuckius England was fruitfull of Martyrs and great Scholars Barns Rogers Cranmer Latimer Ridlie Hooper Philpot Haux Bradford Iuel Rainolds Whitaker Fulk Perkins Morton Davenant Twisse Prideaux and divers others Denmark brought forth Palladius Hemmingius and many others Polonia brought forth Iohannes à Lasco Servavit te huc usque Deus ut sicut Lutherus suae Germanias Zuinglius suae Helvetiae Calvinus suae Galliae ita tu tuae Poloniae sis Apostolus Zanch. Epist. l 2. ad illum Scotland was made famous by the Martyrdom of Patrick Hamilton and by the Doctrine of Iohn Knox and Robert Rollock Andrew Melvin Cameron Baronius Forbes This may suffice to answer that calumny of the Jesuites as if the Protestants had no Scholars amongst them The Papists call us Hereticks This was ever an old and cunning trick of Papists and their fore fathers if any did complain of their errours and faults and desired to have true Religion restored to condemn such for Hereticks as men new-fangled and factious They reproachfully nick-name us Lutherans Zuinglians Calvinists whereas we maintain not any private or proper Doctrine of theirs They called us in England heretofore Lollards either because they cried Lord Lord unto their God as M r Fox saith in his Acts and Monuments or rather from Lolium which signifies Cockle and such like weeds whereas indeed they endeavoured to extirpate all pernicious weeds And them in France Huguenots of which term see Thuanus his History Tom. 4. lib. 24. and Pasquiers Recherches de la France l. 8. c. 55. I will not rehearse the several opinions about the original of that word because Heraldus a learned Frenchman saith Unde Huguenoti appellati fuerint nec nos ad huc satis liquido scimus Animad ad Arnob. adversus Gentes l. 1. As the Jews were in times past called by the Gentiles Sabbatarians in contempt the Christians Galileans by Iulian the Apostata so now they which imbrace truth of Doctrine began to be called Huguenots They term us those of the pretended Reformed Religion whereas it is truly Reformed according to the word of God They acknowledge themselves to be Papists and from the Pope and glory in the title Luther saith Primum oro ut nomen meum taceatur nemo Lutheranus sed Christianus appelletur They suffer Turks and Iews which deny and persecute Christ but put to death those of the Reformed Religion who believe in Christ. They say that the Heathens which had no knowledge of Christ by their morality may be saved and yet deny that Protestants who have a knowledge of Christ and exceed them in their morality may be saved Marcus Antonius de Dominis Arch-bishop of Spalato said
of which there is no salvation and cannot nor will not bear these which differ Hence it is a common speech amongst them there is no other way to agreement then by the receiving and approving of the Councel of Trent Many of those which professe to follow Luther are of that opinion also refusing to joyn with those which they reproachfully call Calvinists unlesse they will receive the Augustane Confession as it is wont to be explained by them and the book of Concord The third opinion is of them who go the middle way between these extreams and affirm That there may be an agreement among those that differ in some Controversies but not in others These are the Orthodox Teachers of the Reformed Churches A universal conjunction is impossible the rule of consent about Religion is only the word of God The enemies of Christian Religion are twofold Open or Close Those openly oppose the Doctrine of Christ and persecute his Church viz. the Heathens Mahometans and Iews these treacherously and under the name of Christ as Hereticks but especially Arminians Pelagians and Papists Altingius and others hold an agreement with both these unlawfull To endeavour to soder different Religions and persons holding to their principles will make up but a medly and patcht Religion As some in the Apostles time mingled Circumcision with Baptism and the Sacrifices with the death of Christ. This was the way which the great Emperour Charles the fifth took to reunite the two Religions in Germany by the Tract called the Interim which was composed by an Apostate Minister named Islebius But it was opposed by the faithfull Ministers and although out of fear it was admitted by some Princes and Commonwealths yet it was soon abolisht Circa idem tempus monstrosus partus toti Germaniae pestilens in lucem infelici sidere prodiit quem Interim seu inter Religionem Augustanam nominarunt cum edicto Caesaris quo promulgata est certa quaedam Religionis formula interim servanda donec universali Concilio coacto Religionis controversiae cognoscantur tollantur Melchior Adam in vita Joan. Wigand Vide plura ibid. Et in vita Joan. Iâ—lebii Brentii Castam Christi Sponsam decet casta concordia said Doctor Sibbes in a Clerum in Doctrine as well as Worship Malefida semper fuit Religionum ferruminatio publicis calamitatibus praevia said the same Reverend Divine in that Latine Sermon The Samaritans with their patcht Religion retarded Christs work Some distinguish between Consent and Concord others make a difference between Consent Concord and Peace Consent we call Unity in judgment Concord Unity of will and desire peace quiet and calme conversation a life void of janglings and free from tumults There may be Consent without Concord Concord without Consent and Peace without both Men may agree in their opinion and yet differ in their desires they may differ in opinion and desires yet live in peace That there should be a mutual amity and forbearance amongst those who differ in matters of Church-Government or the like but agree in the Fundamentals is most reasonable It is a Question An Ecclesia Protestantiúm conciliari possit cum Pontificiis Whether the Church of the Protestants may be reconciled with the Papists Roma irreconciliabilis was D r Hall's tenet Franciscus de Sancta Clara Cassander the Archbishop of Spalato and Millitier and other Conciliators there have been but all in vain Gentilettus in his Preface to his Apologia pro Christianis Gallis Religionis Reformatae saith well Imprimis hoc verissimum esse statuo inter Catholicos Romanos Evangelicos Religionis Reformatae in multi dogmatum Articulis quidem praecipuis magnam esse contrarietatem Nihilominus tamen in hoc omnes conveniunt ut agnoscant profiteantur veritatem personae Iesu Christi in duabus naturis non confusis nec non sanctam Trinitatem Patris Filii Spiritus sancti amplectanturque omnes sanctam Scripturam Veteris Novi Testamenti Though the Papists and we agree in these things that we both acknowledge the Unity of the Person of Christ in two Natures not confounded and the Trinity of the Father Sonne and holy Ghost and all the holy Scripture of the Old and New Testament yet in many Articles of Religion we much differ and chiefly in the Doctrine of Justification Vide Whitak dâ— notis Eccles. Some make the great difference between the Papists and us to be about the corporal presence of Christ in the Sacrament and the Infallibility of the Pope It is a Question An cura Religionis ad Magistratum Civilem pertineat Whether any thing of Religion come under the Magistrates Cognizance or belong to his care That it doth appears First From the Nature of Christianity it goes through his whole conversation 1 Pet. 1. 15. and reacheth to all his relations A Heathen Magistrate or Parent is as truly a Magistrate and Parent as a Christian Magistrate or Parent Christianity gives no farther power but a higher Law The name of Christianity lies in exercising it in all our relations Secondly The Gospel is given for Nations and is their great priviledge that receive it Magistrates ought to take care of all National priviledges Rev. 11. 15. Thirdly That which God hath promised to his people as a mercy Magistrates should labour to be and fulfill in duty Isa. 49. 22. Psal. 2. 11. It is a great Question An Magistratus plures Religiones in una republica tolerare debeat Whether it be lawfull for a Magistrate to tolerate many Religions in one Commonwealth Some give this distinction in the Doctrine of Toleration They put a difference inter Tolerationem approbationem a Magistrate must discountenance all corrupt Doctrines and before hand Dissensum suum publicè declarare debet Religio non potest cogi Religion cannot be constrained and yet blasphephemies must be restrained See Revel 2. 20. Hereticks should sure not be advanced to high places Toleration intolerable Toleration is the great Diana much cried up in these times Some think there is no love among men unlesse they allow an universal Toleration of all blasphemies and heresies We must distinguish between loving of mens persons and their errours Ephes. 4. 15. 2 Ioh. v. 1 3. We should joyn grace and truth and charity together Some give these Cautions First If they be such Religions as do not overthrow the foundation Secondly Nor such as disturb the Government established in the State or Kingdom Thirdly If the Professors thereof be not factious ambitious or pertinacious but honest simple tractable obedient to their Superiours Some say Take heed of two destroying extreams First That of the Libertines that all should be tolerated without limitation Secondly Others who would have liberty for none but themselves and men of their own opinion For the Papists They are not tolerated in Holland The Jews are not only tolerated but have the publick
wrote an Apology for Christi 〈…〉 Athenaâ—s He lived in the time of Marcus Antoninus the Emperour His Works are put out in Greek and Latine by Isaac Casaubone with learned Notes Ioannes Aventinus He was born anno 1466. Beatus Rhenanus gratulates him to his Germany and cals him Eruditissimum Aventinum variarum cognitione disciplinarum prastantem Erasmus styles him Hominem studio indefatigabili ac reconditae lectionis his just Epitaph styles him Rerum antiquarum indagatâ—rem sagacissimum No man in his History can tell his Religion He wrote ten Books of Germany illustrated of which see the heads in Neander his Geog. parte 1 and the Titles in Gesners Bibliotheca Averroes a Physician at Corduba in Spain a Commentator upon Aristotle He flourished in that time when Gratian the Monk Peter Lombard and Peter Comestor flourished Avicenna e stirpe regia he was also a famous Philosopher and Physician of Corduba anno Christi 1002. Averroes and he were two famous Arabians Besides Physicks he wrote a Metaphysick also much esteemed of Augustine Bishop of Hippo. Bishop Andr. in his Opusc. Post. de Decimis cals him Decus Aphricae He was the most accomplished that ever writ since the dayes of the Apostles Kellets Miscel. lib. 1. cap. 8. Dr. Field hath the like of him De Eccles. lib. 3. cap. 32. p. 170. B. Usher also ascribes as much to him Magnum est ejus in Ecclesia nomen Whitak de sacr Script Controv. 16. Quaest. 6. His name is great in the Church of God He is the most Doctrinal among the Ancient Fathers The Doctrine of S t Augustine was approved anciently by the Catholick Church and till this new fangled age generally and commonly allowed and embraced both by the Romanists and by the Protestants B. Dav. Animadvers upon Gods Love to Mankind p. 103. His Works are published in magne folio in ten Tomes purged by Erasmus It is pity that so great a Pillar of the Church was no better skilled in the Originals of the sacred Tongue He was famous for two of his Works especially his b Retractations which are the Confessions of his errours and his Confessions which are the Retractations of his life In Ludovicus Vives his time there was none that had imitated him in such a work of Retractations Bellarmine hath since wrote a Book of Recognitions wherein he makes some things worse Vide Casaub. Epist. ad Front Duc. p. 39. He doth the most accurately of any handle the Controversie de Gratiâ against the Pelagians yea and against the Papists He confutes the Brownists in his Book against the Donatists and the Socinians in that De Utilitate Credendi He defended the truth against whatsoever errour prevailed in his age His Book de Doctrina Christiana is a good Body of Divinity His Books de Civitate Dei are full of humane learning Some most dislike amongst Augustines interpretation of Scripture his Exposition on the Psalms though it be full of excellent matter Nunquam infelicius in Scripturis sanctis versatus quam in Psalmorum enarratione Smeton ad Hamile He died in the 76 year of his Age. Antonius Augustinus very skilfull in all Ecclesiastical Antiquity History and in the ancient Law a great light of Spain Tarraconensis Archiepiscopus vir Romanarum antiquitatum melioris litteraturae peritissimus Merul. Cosmog part 2. l. 2. The History of the Councell of Trent mentions him l. 6. p. 494 495. Antonius Augustinus Bishop of Lerida an Antiquary c. There are several Epistles of Manutius to him Epist. 6 7 8 9 10. wherein he much commends him Divers of his Works are published mentioned in the Oxford Catalogue and more fully in the Oration of Andreas Schottus in Funere Ant. Augusti His four Books Emendationum Iuris he published when he was scarce twenty five years old Qui libellus si molem spectes in speciem exiguus sin rerum utilitatem ponderumque momenta sinuosis aliorum voluminibus anteponendus And. Scot. Orat. in fun Ant. August Ioannes Auratus He was much respected by Charles the ninth King of France the Regius Professour for Greek in Paris and the chiefest Poet of his time He was most skilfull in Latine and Greek Ronsard Bayfius and Bellay were his Scholars Some of his Poems are published Auratam nemo te dicat magne Poeta Aurea namque tibi Musa lepósque fuit Papir Masson Decius Ausonius A French Poet of Burdeaux as himself shews Burdegallia est mihi natale solum Ubi mitis est Coeli clementia He wrote this of himself Diligo Burdegalam Roman colo civis in hâc sum Consul in ambabus He was Master to Gratian the Emperour by whom he was made Consul He was very skilfull in Greek and Latine he wrote many things in Prose and Verse His saying was Beatum esse non qui habet quae cupit sed qui non cupit quae non habet He is blessed not which hath the things which he desires but who doth not desire the things which he hath not Therefore the Aquitanes did boast of him Quemadmodum Ausonius neminem sibi proposuit imitandum ita Ausonium nemo nunc potest imitari As Ausonius propounded none to himself to imitate so no man can now imitate him Scis quam non vulgaris eruditio sit in poematis Ausonii Ios. Scalig. N. M. in opusc Azo a Bononian he brought a great light to the Laws O dofredus and Accursius were his Scholars Azorius a learned Jesuite His Institutiones Morales are published in three Volumes He hath gone over the ten Commandments in Case Divinity Mart. ab Azpilzenta who also is commonly called Doctor Navarrus or Navarrus The honour of Navarre Martinus Azpilzenta at ninety years finished the fourth Edition of that his elaborate Manual of Cases of Conscience He was very dear to three of the Popes Pius Quintus Gregorius Decimus tertius and Sixtus Quintus so that they would not use any other Counsellour in iis dijudicandis quibus conscientia constricti tenemur Iani Nicii Erithraei Picanotheca He had many famous Scholars among which Didacus Covarruvias was one CHAP. V. B ROger Bacon was notable and famous in his time and in all respects comparable then with the best He was able to judge of the Latine Greek and Hebrew Tongues as appears by his Book De Idiomate Linguarum B. Iewels Defence of his Apol. part 4. c. 15. Divis. He was a famous Mathematician and most skilfull in other Sciences He was also very skilfull in the Hebrew and Greek as the Greek and Hebrew Volumes yet extant long ago written with his own hand do abundantly witnesse Twine Apol. Acad. Oxon. l. 3. He hath a Manuscript entituled Opus magnum to shew that all Sciences conduce to the understanding of the Scripture Sir Francis Bacon He is called by one the Aristotle of our Nation He cals Philosophy some where
hath written a fine Treatise De La Sagesse if he be not beholding to others for it Galfridus Chaucerus Ieffery Chaucer he was born in Oxfordshire He first of all so illustrated the English Poetry that he may be esteemed our English Homer He is our best English Poet and Spencer the next Praedicat Algerum meritò Florentia Dantem Italia numeros tota Petrarcha tuos Anglia Chaucerum veneratur nostra Poeta Cui Veneres debet patria lingua suas Lel. lib. Epig. He seems in his Works to be a right Wiclevian as that of the Pellican and Griffin shews He was an acute Logician a sweet Rhetorician a facetious Poet a grave Philosopher and a holy Divine His Monument is in Westminster Abbey Chaucerus linguam patriam magna ingenii solertia ac cultura plurimùm ornavit itemque alia cum Joannis Mone poema de arte amandi Gallicè tantùm legeretur Anglico illud metro feliciter reddidit Voss. De Histor Lat. l. 3. c. 2. Antoine de Chandieu a learned French Divine Beza highly commends his Book of the Marks of the true Church There are other Works also of his De l' unique Sacrifice Contre les Traditions Sir Iohn Cheek He was Schoolmaster to King Edward the 6 th and most skilfull in Greek and Latine He was Publique Oratour and Greek Reader in Cambridge In the discharge of the later he went over Sophocles twice all Homer all Euripides and part of Herâ—dotus Roger Ascham in the first Book of his Epistles speaking of him and Sir Thomas Smith saith Qui si adscribendum se dedissent nec in Sadoleto Italia nec in Longolio Gallia justius quam in istis duobus Anglia gloriata fuisset He was the first Regius Professour of the Greek Tongue in Cambridge as Sir Thomas Smith was of Law They were both Fellows of the same Colledge both Professours in the same University both Officers of State in the same Court both wrote De pronunciatione linguae Graecae They two especially by their advice and example brought the study of Tongues and other politer Learning first into request in Cambridge Under God Sir Iohn Cheek was a special instrument of the propagation of the Gospel and that religion which we now professe in this Kingdom For he not only sowed the seeds of that Doctrine in the heart of Prince Edward which afterward grew up iuto a general Reformation when he came to be King but by his means the same saving truth was gently instilled into the Lady Elizabeth by those who by his procurement were admitted to be the Guides of her younger studies In Henry the eighths time his friends and familiars were most of those worthy men which proved Reformers in King Edwards dayes and either Martyrs or exiles in Queen Maries His forreign acquaintance were Sleidan Melancthon Sturmius Bucer Camerarius Celius Peter Martyr and others great Scholars and good Protestants He went into Low-Germany Ut uxorem educeret saith Sleiden to fetch his wife from thence These words were corrupted into Uxorem duceret by Thuanus and others for he was married before In his return from Bruxwels to Antwerp he was apprehended by a Provost-Martial from King Philip and so conveighed speedily away to the Tower of London He was there by threatnings and other wayes brought to a recantation for which he was after much troubled and so died Sir Iohn Cheeks Works were Introductio Grammatices l. 1. De Ludi magistrorum officio l. 1. De Pronunciatione linguae Graecae Correctiones Herodoti Thucididis Platonis Demosthenis Xenophontis lib. plurimis Epitaphia l. 1. Panegyricus in nativitatem Edvardi Principis Elegia de aegrotatione obitu Edvardi 6 ti In obitum Antonii Dennei l. 1. De obitu Buceri Commentarii in Psalmum 139. alios An liceat nubere post Divortium lib. 1. De Fide justificante lib. 1. De aqua lustrali cineribus palmis ad Wintoniensem l. 1. De Eucharistiae Sacramento l. 1. Collegit in Parliamento argumenta rationes ex utraque parte super negotio Eucharistiae Libellus de damno ex seditione He translated also other things out of Greek into Latine and out of English into Latine Martinus Châ—mnitius A most famous and learned Doctor of Divinity in the Church of Brunswick His Harmony and other Theological writings are most profitable especially that excellent Work or rather most rich Theological Bibliotheque which contains both a Refutation of the Councel of Trent and also an Explication of the whole Doctrine of the Church to be read daily by all to whom the knowledge of the truth is welcome saith Neander Andreas du Chesne the King of France his Geographer He hath put out divers French Books Renatus Chopinus There are several Books of his Monasticon De Sacra Politia De Civil Paris moribus De domanio Franciae Privilegiis Rusticorum Panegyricus Henrici quarti and other Works Emanuel Chrysoloras of Constantinople He first brought back again the Greek Language after seven hundred years and Learning into Italy writing a Grammar and he stirred up the Europeans against Bajazet Pezel Mellif Histor. part 3. See Antoine du Verdier his Preface to his Bibliotheque He came to Italy under Boniface the 9 th and first taught at Venice then at Florence afterward he went to the Councel of Constance there he was put to death and was praised at his Funeral by Poggius his Scholar Petrus Chrysologns the golden spoken man He was Archbishop of Ravenna 450 years after Christ. His Works are in one Volume Iohn Chrysostome Anno Dom. 400. 398. saith Calvisius A Greek and Ecclesiastical writer a writer no lesse profitable then copious no lesse copious then sweet Quo nemo ex antiquis aut majore dexteritate scripturas tractavit aut populum docuit salubrius aut haereticos oppugnavit acrius quo nemo aut ad virtut is studia inflammavit vehementius aut vitia sui temporis insectatus est liberius Bois in the Preface to his Notes upon Chrysostomes third Tome Post sacra Biblia Paulinas imprimis Epistolas nullum novi scriptum in quo qui concionatores sunt Graece non nesciunt majore cum fructu versentur quam in beata Chrysostomi homiliis quas it a numeros as reliquit ut nemo plures it a bonas ut nemo meliores it a disertas dilucidas ut nihil ne excogitari quidem possit disertum aut dilucidum magis Bois ibid. The soundest Interpreter I think of all the Greek and Latine Fathers D r Hackw Apol. l. 5. The Christian Demosthenes Although he very well answeres his name yet he sometimes redounds with words and seems immoderate in digressions Eras. Epist. l. 28. Epist. 7. He doth excellently on the New Testament There is Opus imperfectum on Matthew in Latine of which there is nothing to be found in the Greek books of Chrysostomes Opus sine
as slander the Reformed Churches to be variably distracted and rent in sunder with infinite differences of Faith Beza hath put out the Harmony of Confessions with Notes upon it The most famous is the Augustane Confession The Elector of Saxony with the other Princes and Protestant Cities joyned with him presented to the Emperour Charles the fifth the Confession of their Faith written in Latine and Dutch which afterward from this place where it was read was called Augustana It contained two parts in the first was expounded one and twenty Articles of their Creed In the second were expounded the Doctrines which were different from the Church of Rome and the abuses which the Confessionists reproved The Cities which followed the Doctrine of Zuinglius presented apart the Confession of their Faith not differing from the former but onely in the point of the Eucharist History of the Councel of Trent translated by Sir Nathan Brent l. 1. p. 54. See Sleid. Comment lib. 7. and Melch. Ad. in vita Brentii Conformities There was printed at Bononia in Italy Anno 1590. a book intituled Liber Conformitatum Beati ac Seraphici Patris Francisci written by one Bartholomeus Pisanus a Franciscan Frier and published by one Hieronymus Buchius of which book it is affirmed in the Title page that it is Liber Aureus a golden book There he paints a tree at the top whereof is Christ and at the root S t Francis the tree hath twenty branches on the right and twenty on the left side and every branch hath four particular fruits in all eighty These are equally divided between Christ and S t Francis fourty to the one and fourty to the other and each couple or pair of these is one point of Conformity between Christ and S t Francis consisting in all upon fourty particulars wherein they begin at the birth and the conception nay at the very Prophecies and Promises made of Christ and so proceed to his life his death his resurrection and ascension and in all and every of these and every thing else whatsoever may be said of Christ the very same do they not shame to affirm of that man Francis This was not the superfluity of idle and superstitious Monks brains but the publick Act of their Church and many Popes one after another allowed it and by their Charters have confirmed the truth of this Story Constantine the Great was born in Britain of Helena a Britain as Baronius shews Tom. 3. Annal. Eccles. ad ann 306. and B. Usher De Primord Eccles. Britan. cap. 8. M r Selden in his Notes on Eutychius Constantine the sonne of a Bretan Lady Helena rarely godly but as women too often are too zealous beyond knowledge See Balaeus his first Century of the Writers of Britain concerning Helene Ut fidei forma cunctis videretur Evangelium Iesu Christi ante se semper ferri fecit Biblia sacra ad omnes provincias derinari diademaque monarchicum primus Brittannis regibus dedit Balaeus de Script Britan. Cent. 1. Robert Constantine He was Beza's great friend he was saith Thuanus trium linguarum peritissimus most skilifull in three Languages especially in Greek and Latine He lived till he was a hundred and three years old his senses of body and minde being perfect and his memory strong These are his Works Lexicon Graeco-Latinum Nomenclator insignium Scriptorum Dictionarium abstrusorum vocabulorum Gasper Contarenus a Cardinal a learned and pious man say some The Doctrine of Justification is handled by him conformable to the Doctrine of Luther and Calvin and directly against that which was concluded in the Councel of Trent this he wrote in the year 1541. a little before that Councel His Works are in one Volume He hath written De Elementis corumque mixtionibus De Potestate Summi Pontificis Summa de Conciliis De Rep. Veneta and other Works Ant. Contiâ—s a great Lawyer He hath written many Works about the Civil-Law Adam Contzen a subtill Jesuite He hath written Politicorum l. 10. Coronis omnium Iubilorum anno saeculari Evangelico Scriptorum In quatucr Evangelia Comment Comment in Epistolam ad Romanes Aulae speculum sive de Statu vita aulicorum Methodus doctrinae Civilis and other things Sir Edward Cook very expert in the municipal Laws of our Land as his Reports Commentary on Littletons Institutes and other learned Works in the Law shew Robert Cook of Leeds in Yorkshire hath published a learned Book styled Censura quorundam Scriptorum veterum Nicolaus Copernicus a great Mathematician Tycho Brahe cals him Alterum Ptolomaeum Nay he saith Epist. Astronom l. 1. Chrystoph Rothman Hypothesium concinnitate compendiosa Harmonia invenienda eum longè exuperaâ—at scientia ingenio si quis alius eminebat quaeque à Geometria Arithmeticaque ad hanc Artem constituendam requirebantur perfectissimè callebat He held That the Earth moved and the Heavens stood still by occasion of which Hypothesis our Countreyman William Gilbert brought in his Magnetical Philosophy Hinc ergo videtur fuisse primùm facta Gulielmo Gilberto occasio cudendae atque invehendae Philosophiae magneticae quatenus terram magnum magnetem magnetem terellam seâ— parram terram habuit ac à diurna terrae circa suum axem verticitate pendere eam quae est in magnete magneticisque corporibus statuit Gassend in vita Copernici Nec tot inconvenientia à terrae motu proveniunt quot plerique arbitrantur qui quoniam naturalis erit insensibilis â—vadit Tych. Brah. Epist. Astron. lib. 1. Christ. Rothman Maturinus Corderius His Latine Works are reckoned by Gesner in his Bibliotheca and his French by Antoine du Verdier in his Bibliotheque Corinnas There were three learned women of that name The first a Thebane which is reported to have overcome Pindar the Prince of the Lyricks five times and to have put forth five Books of Epigrams Propertius in his second Book speaks of her Et suae cum antiquae committit scripta Corinnae The second was a Thespian very much celebrated by the Ancients The third flourished in the times of Ovid and was most dear to him Iohannes Cornarius a most famous Physician Cornelia the mother of the Gracchi she hath left Epistles written most accurately From her the eloquence of her sons did proceed Nam Gracchorum Eloquentiae multum contulisse accepimus Corneliam matrem cujus doctissimus sermo in posteros quoque est Epistolis traditus Corradus Vir doctissimus eruditus Ciceronis interpres Voss. de Histor. Lat. l. 1. Io. Arn. Corvinus as subtill an Arminian as any next Arminius himself Joannes Arnoldi Corvinus solus plura pro hac Remonstrantium causa scripsit quam omnes reliqui cujus adversus Tilenum responso Tileni à nobis ad ipsos defectionem acceptam ferunt Walaei Epist. Dedicat. ad Respons ad ejus censuram Fr. Costerus Our Bishop Hall met with him in his
which of his Epistles were genuine Matth. Fl. Illyricus was somewhat heretical but yet was usefull to the Church in some of his Works his Clavis the Centuries in which he had a great share and Catalogus testium veritatis D r Iackson indeed in Christs everlasting Priesthood l. 10. c. 12. seems to justifie Illyricus his definition of original sinne and chap. 13. labours to shew that Calvin and Peter Martyr consent with him in the description of original sinne Yet I have elsewhere refuted his opinion of original sins being the essence and substance of a man and it is generally disliked by the Orthodox Denegarunt ei coenam ministri propter doctrinam de peccata originali ita sine viatico quia aberrarat è viae abiit ex hac vita utinam pius bonus Zanch. Epist. l. 2. Lavater Ioannes De Indagine He flourished Anno 1522. He was a great Astrologer Indices Expurgatorii There are two Expurgatory Indices one new the other old one set out by Cardinal Quiringa in the year 1584 the other by the Cardinal of Squidoval and Roxas in the year 1612. B. Ush. Answ. to the Jesuit Challenge There be some Authors so purged as Georg. Venetus Erasmus Roterodamus and Carolus Molinaeus Works that their depravations being diligently noted would amount unto whole Volumes D. Iames his Remedy against all manner of Popish Corrupt Part. 5 th They have put as much out of Cajetane as would make a pretty Book The purpose of these Indices is to corrupt the writings and raze the records of the world to make all Authors to become the Popes Proctors and such as having spake for the truth now being dead must plead for the Pope Their practise is so soon as an Author is purged to burn all the old ones as farre as they can Crashaws Preface to his Romish Forgeries and Falsificat Arias Montanus was sometime a chief Inquisitor in the Low-Countreys and had more then a finger in printing of the Antwerp Index long since and often reprinted by Iunius yet now his own Works as his learned Commentaries upon Isay the lesser Prophets the four Evangelists and Acts of the Apostles upon the Epistles and Apocalypse and other writings of his are purged and purged again in the Roman Index D. Iames his Mysteries of the Indices Expurgatory Io. Philippus Ingrassiâ—s a learned Physician His house was called eruditionis emporiam the mart of Learning These of his Works are celebrated De moribus prâ—ter naturam Tomus 1. Quaestio de pâ—rgatione per medicamentum de sanguinis missione Iatrologia Synopsis Commentariorâ—â— de peste Commentaria in Galeni librum de ossibus Comment in Artem medic Galeni Ingulphus a Learned English Abbot He lived Anno 1050. as he witnesseth in the end of his History He wrote a History of the Monasteries of England See more of him lib. 2. cap. 13. pag. 93. Innocentius tertius Papa Anno Dom. 1200. A learned man but a great persecutour of the Church When he had great store of money he said to Thomas Aquinas Dost thou not see Thomas that the Church cannot now say as in times past when it first began Aurum argentum non habeo I have not gold and silver Thomas presently answered Holy Father this is true but the Church cannot now say as the Primitive Church did by the same man Arise walk be whole His Works are contained in two Tomes Alanus Insulensis vel de Insulis There is his Ante-Claudiani de Anti-Rusfino Abbas Ioachimus He was an heretick he held a distinction of the Deity from the Persons and so a quaternity mistaking a passage in Peter Lombard Arthur Ihonston a Scotch Doctor of Physick before he was full twenty three years of age he was laureated Poet at Paris his Paraphrastick Translation of the Psalms is commended Iornandes he was called Iordanus he flourished Anno Domini DXXX under the Emperour Iustinian He being a Monk was made Bishop of the Gothas Iosephus Indâ—ious Clarissimus Iudaeorum Historicus Ful. Miscel. l. 2. c. 3. moâ—â— learned in the Greek and Hebrew He is a diligent Historian yet since he wrote the Antiquities of his own Nation with an intention to communicate them to others he described them as stately as he could and when he thought the simplicity of the Scripture did not suffice to the commendation of things done amongst the Hebrews he invented and added many things himself therefore in those things he is to be prudently read lest he deceive the unwary Reader This fault Luther on Gen. 34. and Rivet on Exod. 2. and Chamier and others tax him with Vide Cornel. à Lap. in Gen. 29. in Numb c. 11. v. 34. There was a Jew in latter times who out of the true Iosephus translated into Latine by Ruffiuus he himself understanding no Greek and Hegesyppus or rather Ambrose his Latine History of the destruction of Ierusalem set out an Hebrew History under the false name of Ioseph Ben-Gorion whom he thought to be the same with Iosephus the Historian for whom he would be taken The Epitome of this Hebrew History is entitled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iosiphon whence the name of Iosippus was taken up Paulus Iovius Some commend him and others much dislike him I have heard wise and learned men say That his whole study and purpose is spent on these points to deface the Emperor to flatter France to spite England to help Germany to praise the Turk to keep up the Pope to pull down Christ and Christs Religion as much as lieth in him Aschams Discourse of the State of Germany p. 15. Stephanus Paschasius in his Icones hath these verses of him Vaeualis cui penna fuit cui gloria flocci Vix quid ut ille fide scripserit historicâ Thuanus cals him Luculentum historiarum Scriptorem Hist. Tom. 1. l. 11. Neand. in the third part of his Geography saith Paulus Iovius in opere ejus doctissimo â—loquentissimâ— historiarum nostri temporis Hic situs est Iovius Romanae gloria linguae Par cui non scripto non Patavinus erat CHAP. VII IRenaus Anno Dom. 180. 161. Helv. Chron. Bishop of Lions the Disciple of Polycarpus who was a hearer of Iohn most famous among the Fathers His nature well agreed with his name for he ever loved peace and sought to set agreement when any controversie rose in the Church He was martyred with a great multitude of others more for the Confession and Doctrine of Christ about the fourth of fifth year of Sâ—verus Io. Isaacus He was a Jew but turned Christian. He hath put out an Hebrew Grammer Isidorus Hispalensis Anno Dom. 632. He was called the younger to distinguish him from the senior Bishop of Corduba or from another Bishop of Siville his Predecessor He was the Archbishop of Sivill the President of the Councel of Sivill in Spain one of the most learned Writers which have
been in the Church within this thousand years B. Down Defence of his Serm. l. 3. c. 4. He hath learnedly interpreted almost all the Old and New Testament He hath written twenty Books of Etymologies wherein he hath not only shewed himself a Grammarian but a compleat Artist Isidorus Pelufiota floruit anno 482. Bell. de Script Eccles. For his famous sanctity he was called by a peculiar name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is carrying God in him Isocrates He was very bashfull and never spake in publick but once Tully cals him the father of eloquence Dilher that Attick Syren Isocrates quidem suavitatem habuit vim Demosthenes Notae Dounaei in 36. Hom. Chrysost. in Epist. prim ad Corinth Henricus Isselburgius Professor and Pastor of Brema Doctor in Divinity There is a Book of his published styled Digeries praecipuarum quarundam Controversiarum Theol. Iohn Iuel Bishop of Salisbury exile in Queen Maries time for the Profession of the Gospel He was born in Devonshire Iohn comes from the grace of God Iuel is the same in our Language with Gemma in Latine as lately a learned Writer was called Gemma Frisius The Jewel of Bishops the worthiest Divine that Christendom hath bred for some hundreds of years saith incomparable Hooker Doctor Hackwell Apol. lib. 5. Hardly is there any Controversie of importance handled at this day of which in his Works is not to be found some learned and probable resolution His Apology was esteemed not only by the Tigurines but by all Protestants It was translated into the Germane French Italian Spanish Tongue and into the English by the Lady Anne Bacon wife to the Lord Chancellour Bacon The first part of it is an illustration of the true Doctrine and a certain paraphrastical Exposition of the twelve Articles of our Christian faith The second a succinct and solid Refutation of Objections He had at hand a great paper-book as it were a rich treasury of Sciences in which he wrote his divine and humane collections out of Poets Philosophers and Divines We call it a Common-place book Doctor Rainolds in his Letter to his friend concerning his advice for the study of Divinity saith thus Touching noting you know I do not like the common custom of Common-place Books The best in my judgement is to note in the Margent or in some paper-book for that purpose the Summe and Method of that which you reade In other little Books which he carried about with him an Ephemerides or Diary he diligently wrote all the Apophthegmes and witty speeches or jests which he heard from others or observed any way by which means he much increased his knowledge yearly He was very affable and courteous amiable in his whole life in speech witty and pleasant in his writings he is solid and yet facetious He fled in Q. Maries dayes and returned when Q. Elizabeth ruled Iulian the Emperour a Learned Prince but an Apostate Quo tetrius magisque Deo simul hominibus exosum animal orbis vix vidit Crak De Provid Dei He was given to Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia to be instructed of whom also he learned the Doctrine of the Church and was made a Reader in the Church of Nicomedia But he was a hearer secretly of Libanius the Rhetorician and was familiarly acquainted with the most famous Philosophers of that time He was drawn back by these by degrees to the Heathenish Religion He wrote Books against the Christians and reproved their Doctrine especially the prohibitions of revenge delivered which though they properly belong to private revenge yet he wrested them for publick revenge and he said by these Magistrates punishments lawfull warres were taken away and all the sinews of retaining humane Societies Ammianus Marcellinus commends his Temperance in meat and drink and his continual watching and the partition of the night into private publick and divine offices He took away the great Gifts and holy Vessels which Constantine the Great had given to the Churches use and Ministers maintenance with this scoff See in what goodly vessels this Nâ—zarite is served It was one of his scoffs when he robbed the Churches and the Christians He did it that the Galileans so he contumeliously called the Christians might go more readily to heaven He not onely killed the Christians but scoffed at Christ himself and the Scriptures He had scarce raigned two years when warring against the Persians he was struck and mortally wounded with a Spear in that warre as Nazianzene Theodoret Socrates Sozomen and others uno ere docent and filling his hand with bloud casting it into the air he cried out Vicisti Galilaeâ— Ita simul victoriam confessus est blasphemiam evomit saith Theodoret. Franciscus Iunius The glory of Leyden the oracle of Textual and School-Divinity rich in Languages subtil in distinguishing and in Argument invincible D r Halls Dec. of Epist. Epist. 7. He saith in his own Life written by himself that he being once in the times of trouble very hungry came by accident into the house of a Countreyman and desiring some food he entertained him most courteously Hic ô sapientiam Dei admirabilem saith he optimam scholam Christianitatis Dominus meus mihi paraverat There they discoursing together about the troubles for Religion Sic effecit Deus admirabiliter saith Iunius ut bonus rusticus sanctissimum Zelum quem habebâ—t operante Domino mihi quasi instiâ—â—arâ—â— ego verò malus Christianus siquidem Christianus ei scientia praelucerem Una eadem hora suam gratiam in utroque explicavit ostendit Deus à me scientiam rustico ab illo Zeli semina quâ—dam mihi ingenerans And so being each of us some way bettered by the other we departed saith Iunius He is censured by Doctor Twisse as too obscure but by Thuanus over-harshly Vir desultorio ingenio qui multa conatuâ— an adsecutus sit quod moliebatur doctorum erit judicium Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l. 79. from whom he is vindicated by Vossius His Works are in two Volumes in Folio Migravit ad Christum anno 1602. His Son Francis Iunius whom I know well hath written a learned Book De Pictura veterum Hadrianus Iunius a Physician One of the great Lights of Holland as Erasmus also was Vir eruditissimus variaeque lectionis Ful. Miscel. l. 4. c. 5. Fuit Medicus Criticus Poeta Historicus exactissima antiquitatis cognitione egregiè clarus linguarum plurium peritus Melch. Ad. vit Germ med Many Monuments of his wit full of Learning witnesse his great ability His Nomenclator six Books of Animadversions Copiae Cornu and other Works Ptricius Iunius Patrick Young a Scotchman a great Grecian There is his Catena Pat. Graec. in Iob Gr. Lat. Clementis ad Corinthios Epistola cum ejus notis Fr. Iuretus He hath put out Notes on Seneca Christ. Iustellus a learned Protestant He hath published these two excellent Works Codex Canonum Ecclesiae
ibid. Conradus Pellicanus a learned Germane Divine a great Linguist ibid. William Pemble a learned and pious English Divine 285 His speech about Justification when he died ib. Pembroke-Colledge in Oxford 99 Pembrook-Hall in Cambridge 101 Iohn Pena Professor of Mathematicks to the King of France in Paris 285 Gabriel Penottus ib. Benedictus Pererius a learned Jesuite ib. William Perkins a learned and godly Divine ib. Commended ib. Cardinal Perron 286 Commended ib. His Books against the Protestants well answered and by whom ib. Nicolaus Perottus 286 Persian Language 61 Aulus Persius Flaccus the most eloquent Satyrist yet obscure 286 Dionysius Petavius a learned French Jesuite 286 Commended and censured ib. Peter-House in Cambridge 101 Samuel Petitus a very learned Frenchman 287 Francis Petrark a witty and sententious Italian Orator and Poet ib. When he was born and died ibid. Commended ib. He inveighs against Rome ib. His Life written and by whom ibid. Part of his Epitaph ibid. Petronius Arbiter an obscene Writer yet his Latine is pure ibid Suffridus Petrus a Frisian who wrote the History of Frisia and of the Writers of Frisia 288 Gasper Peucer a learned Physician and Mathematician ib. He wrote a singular Book of his own imprisonment ib. Christ. Pezelius a learned Writer ibid. Demetrius Phalereus ib. Philo Iudaeus who lived in Christs time or after his passion but was unskilfull in the Hebrew ib. Commended ib. The Book of Wisdome written by him ibid Io. Philoponus ibid. Philosophy natural and moral 44 45 Philosophers the several sorts 44 The chief Philosophers ib. m Iohn Philpot one of the most learned of our English Martyrs 289 Fl. Philostratus ibid. Gul. Philander a very learned man ibid. Franciscus Philelphus ibid. Phisiognomy 51 52 Phoenicians the inventers of Arithmetick 41 Photinus learned but a great Heretick 289 Photius Patriark of Constantinople the learnedst man of his time ibid Physick 45 Alexander and Francis Piccolomny 289 Pet. Picherellus a learned Frenchman ibid. His Notes on a great part of the New Testament unhappily lost ib. Io. Pierius Valerianus 290 Some of his Works commended ibid. Albertus Pighius a learned Papist ibid. He by reading Calvin altered his judgement 290. m. Stephanus Pighius 290 Laurentius Pignorius the great ornament of Italy commended ibid. Pindar one of the chief Lyrick Poets ibid. Commended ibid. Pineda 291 Ioannes Vincentius Pinellus a learned Italian skilled in many Languages ib. How he adorned his house ib. Iohn Piscator an excellent Scripture-Divine but no School-Divine ib. Io. Pistorius ib. Io. Pitsaeus ib. Franciscus and Peter Pithaeus 291 292 Bartholomaeus Pitiscus a learned Divine and Mathematician 292 Plantavitzius ib. Christopher Plantine a learned Printer ib. Bartholomaeus or Baptista Platina a most learned man ib. Felix Platerus Verses on his name ib. Plato was called Divine for his rare wisdom 293 Whence he had his name ib. Plautus where born ib. C. Plinius the Uncle and Plinius secundus the younger ibid. Verses of the younger Pliny 294 Edmund Ployden a great Lawyer ib. His Commentaries commended 294 Plutark where born ib. A grave and learned Writer ib. Commended ib. Verses of him ib. Edward Pocock Professor of Hebrew and Arabick in Oxford ib. Poetry 48 49 50 The several sorts of Poets 49 50 Ioannes Franciscus Poggius Florentinus 295 Poictiers 83 Amandus Polanus 295 Angelus Politianus why so called 295 Commended ib. Iulius Pollux ib. Reginaldus Polus Cardinalis 296 Commended and censured ib. Polyander à Kerckoven ib. Polybius a learned Historian ib. Polycarpus when he lived 290 Arnoldus Pontacus 296 Io. Isaacius Pontanus 97 Lud. de Ponte Romanus or Pontanus 297 Popery what it is 13 The contrarieties in it ib. God had his people in the midst of Popery 15 The Popish Church not holy ib. Ausonius Popma 297 Porchetus ib. Porphyrie an enemy to Christians ib. Gilbertus Porretanus ib. Io. Baptista Porta ib. Ioan. Vincentius Porta 298 Posnavia 87 Ioannes Posselius a pious and learned man 298 Antonius Possevinus ib. Ioannes Posthius a learned Physician and Poet ib. Gul. Postellus a great Linguist ib. The first of Christians which published the rudiments of the Arabick Grammer ib. Odeschalcus Praetorius ib. A Verse upon him ib. Regnerus Praedinius ib. Hieronymus Pragensis when burnt at Constance 299 Prague 87 D r Iohn Preston 299 D r Prideaux ib. Sylvester de Prierie ib. Gilbert and David Primrose ib. Printing an usefull Art by whom invented 53 54 Famous Printers 54 Priscianus a famous Grammarian 299 Proclus had a great memory ib. A great Mathematician and Philosopher ib. Procopius Gazaeus ib. Propertius singular in Elegies 300 Verses of him ib. Prosper of Aquitane ib. Protestants why called Lollards in England and Huguenots in France 21 Proverbs 300 Aurelius Prudentius when he lived ib. Commended ib Claudius Ptolomaeus when he flourished 301 Commended ib. Ptolomaeus Philadelphus a favourer of Learning and famous for a magnificent Library 301 Erye Puteanus 301 Claudius Puteanus commended ib. Samuel Purchas our English Ptolomy 301 302 Pythagoras the Philosopher where born 302 The illustrator if not inventer of the Mathematicks ib. His Schollers highly honoured him ib. Q QUeens Colledge in Oxford 97 In Cambridge 102 Iohannes Quinquarboreus Regius Professor of Hebrew and Chaldee at Paris 302 Quintilian commended 302 R RAbanus Maâ—râ—s when he lived 303 Commended ib. Franciscus Rabelaesus a witty but Atheistical French Physician ibid. Iacobus Ranardus a great Lawyer ibid. Georgius Ragusius commended ib. D r Iohn Rainolds a learned and pious Doctor of Oxford ibid. Commended ib. Sir Walter Raleigh ib. Ralph a Monk of Fulda 304 Petrus Ramus commended ib. Verses of him ib. Slain at the great Massacre at Paris ib. Ranulphus ibid Francis Raphelengius a learned Linguist ibid. Rasis or Rhasis a great Physician of Arabia ib. William Rastall a great Lawyer 304 305 Franciscus Ranchinus 305 Ioannes and Pet. Ravennas ibid. Hermannus Ravenspergerus ibid Reconciliation of different Religions how far justifiable 23 24 Whether the Protestants may be Reconciled with the Papists 24 25 Reformation of the Church of Rome necessary 14 15 The Reformed Religion maintained 17 18 19 The means taken by the first Reformers for promoting the work of Religion 19 Reformed Writers commended 19. 20 And the purity of their Doctrine asserted 20. Nicknamed by the Papists 20 The Papists two great Objections against the Reformed Religion answered 21 22 Ioannes Mullerus Regiomontanus one of the famousest Mathematicians of Germany 305 When he lived ib. He found out the tenth sphere and its diurnal motion ibid. Iacobus Reihingius 305 Erasmus Reinholdus a famous Astronomer ibid. Religion that it is 1 What it is 2 The Hebrew Greek and Latine words for Religion opened ib Defined ib. It is true or false ibid. It s antiquity ibid. Rules to know the true Religion 2. 3 Christian Religion planted by the power of God 3 Wherein the glory of Religion lies 3 4 Means to keep us constant in the true Religion 4 Whether men may be saved in
〈…〉 ters saâ—th Paul to the learned and unlearned Zanchius in his second Oration De conservando in Ecclesia pâ—ro puto Dei verbo shews That there are only three necessary causes which happen but seldom for a good Preacher extra limites S. literarum per scripta Poetarum Philosophorum aut etiam Patrum evagari either by reason of the obstinacy of hereticks which being not satisfied with the Scriptures are to be convinced with other reasons and testimonies or for the calumnies of the malevolent which it is necessary to refell with other testimonies then those of the Scriptures or lastly by reason of the infirmity of some weak brethren which cannot be a holly divorced from their old superstitiâ—â— and be setled in the truth delivered unlesse the same be also confirmed by the â—â—stimonies of the ancient Fathers The Apostle Paul thrice indeed ciâ—â—th the sayings of profane Poets because they were fiâ— for the matter which he handled but be neither names the Poets neither did he do it often saith he nor without good reason but only mentions some short speeches of theirs seldom soberly and as it were obiter being compelled thereto that the Gentiles by the sayings of Gentiles might be convinced Therefore the Fathers do not so use the sayings of Philosophers and Poets in their Homilies to the Church as in their disputations and books against the Heathens Basilea omnibus temporibus produxit viros doctrinâ— sapientia arque eloquentia maximos Neand. Geograph parte 12. Prodierunt ex Sicyone quemadmodum Athenis multi viri praestantes in omni artium ac doctrinarum genere Id. ibid. Qui tres postremi ex ordine praedicatorum Monachi doctissimi fuere Leand. Alb. Descript. tot Ital. in Campania Aërem urbs permollem placidiâ—â—imum habet agrum jucundissimum quae scilicet multis olim Romanis Imperatoribus virisque Senatoriis at from literarum studiosis huc animi quietiâ—que causa secedendi occasio fuit Id. ibid. Vide plura ibid. Ars est rei cujusque scientia usu vel traditione vel ratione praecepta tendens ad usum aliquem vitae necessarium Bibliand de rat Comm. omnium liâ—g Ars est collectio universalium praeceptorum parata ad cognoscendum agendum vel operandum in certa aliqua finis latitudine Ludâ—v Viv. de tradend Discip. lib. 1. * Consolatione ad Marciam cap. 18. Gen. 4. 21 22. The knowledge even of mechanical Arâ—s ought to be referred to God the Aâ—â—â—our as the very Gentiles by the light of Nature were forced to confesse and the Scripture witnesseth in the builders of the Tabernacle of Moses and of Solomons Temple Artes ingenuae seu liberales idcirco appellatae sunt quod libero ac ingenuo sint homine dignae sive quòd liberos suos sectatores efficiant in fastigio rerum humanarum quasi reges collocent reponant Cael Secund. Cur. Orat. de ingenuis artibus Latini artes vocant liberales tanquam libero homine dignas Voss de Philol. cap. 1. Sunt artes universae in duo genera distriâ—uâ—ae in Logicas Mathematicas Logicas appellarunt quae in sermonis ratione versantur Mathematicas in quâ—nâ—irate Quantitatis autem duplex genus fecerunt aliud dejunctum aliud conjunctum Dejuncta ad numeros pertinent ex quibus ea disciplina manavit quam Arithmeticen dixereâ— Quemadmodum ex conjunctis Geometria in qua lineamenta formae intervalla magnitudines versantur Porro numeri ipsi ad harmoniam translati Musicem pepererunt ea enim numeros voces modos conâ—inet Geometriae facultas ad res coelestes accommodata nobis dedit Astrologiam in qua Coeli conversio ortus obitus motúsque siderum considerantur Rursum eadem ipsa Geometria ad vim cernendi traducta Opticen produxit quae causas affert cur oculi interdum vivendo decipiantur cùm aut majores aut minores quà m sint res esse videantur Ex hac vero ipsa Geometria pingendi ars orta videtur quam veteres inter liberales numerabant Coelii Secun Cur. Orat. de ingenâ—art * Advancem of Learning l. â— cap. 1. Qui autores in singulis artibus legendi sint In Grammatica Diomodes Pâ—râ—ttâ—â— Valla in Dialectica Aristoteles in Rhetorica Cicrâ— Fabiâ—â— praecipui In Astronomia legendi Proclus Aratus nam apud Latinos pauci de ea docte scripsere Si altiora spectes adjungere potes Ptolomaeum In Astrologia Iulius Firmicus qui caeteris elegantius verius artem tradidit In Cosmographia Ptolomaeum In Geographia Pâ—mponâ—um Melam In Geometria Euclideâ— censeo perdiscendos Ringâ—â—â—ergiuâ— De ratione studii Grammatica à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 scribâ— dicitur Synec dochicè quia voce tam scripâ—â quam proâ—aâ—â ad sensa animi prodenda uti consuevimus Amesii Technometriâ— Grammatica dicitur voce quidem Graeca sed tamen Romana olim jam civitate donata quam tamen puerilem doctrinam literarum scientiam Ciceronem literaturam Quintilianum sequentes possumus appellare Cal. Sec. Cur. Orat. de ingenuis artibus Vide Pâ—lyd Virg. De Juvent rerum l. 1. c. 7. Grammatica est rectè scribendi loquendi ratio Graâ—t Graec. ling. Spicil Grammatica Graeco nomine de literis dicitur idcirco à Quintiliano literatura transfertur in latinam vocem apertam quidem illam sed non perinde receptam Lud. Vâ—â— de cauâ— corrupt Art l. 2. Grammatica est scientia instrumentalis qua dirigimur congruè apâ—éque propriè concinnè loqui in omni idiomate Hebraeo Graeco Latino Anglico Gallico c. Instrumentum est quidem omnium primum discendis scientiis Crakanth Log. l. 2. c. 13. Habet ista doctrina quam Grammaticam vulgus vocat neque tamen intelligit Habet inquam vetustissimos suos vindices Linum Palamedem Cadinum alios Vâ—lcbam â—escius ne esses eam à maximis viris non solum cultam sed etiam excultam fuisse Qui enim de ea libros reliquerunt maximi viri etiam in aliis studiis fuerunt Crates Aristophanes Nicander Callimachuâ— Apollonius ille Rhodius Chrysippus alii Heroes magni Jâ—s Scalig. Francisco Vertuniano inter opusc Vide plura ibid. Herald Animad in Salmas observ Ad. Jus Aâ—t Rom. l. 2. c. 22. Inter Graecos Grammaticos nemo non primum locum tribuit Theodoâ—â— Gazae proximâ—m mea sententia Constantinus Lascaris sibi jure suo vendicat Inter Latinos vetustiores Diomedes Inter recentiores haud multum video discriminis nisi quod Nicolaus Perottus videtur omnium diligentissimus citra superstitionem tamen Eras De ratione studii Nuncupantur autem triviales scholae quasi vulgares in triviis constitutae quomodo nomen id nulli Scholae ad Latinas Graecasque literas discendas publicitus constitutae conveniat quae rarò in triviis erectae quin fere una duntaxat etiam in magnis est urbibus vel potiùs inde trivialibus