Cardinal of Ferrara sent by Pope Pius IV. as Legate to the King. This Laines being present this day at the Conference call'd the Protestant Ministers Monkeys Foxes and Monsters and said they were to be turn'd over to the Council call'd by the Pope Then he fell upon the Queen for medling in things that did not belong to her but to the Pope Cardinals and Bishops and he said it was not lawful whil'st a General Council was in being for the Queen to appoint by her private Authority a Conference here The Queen was much enraged at the Insolence of this Man but out of Reverence to the Legate suppress'd her resentment after this Day there were no more Publick Conferences but they Drew out three of a Side and endeavoured to form such an Exposition of the Lord's Supper as both Parties might agree in which in the End proved impossible to be done and so the Conference of Poissi ended which was the first Liberty that was granted to dispute the Established Religion in France and was blamed by some as a thing of ill Example and approved by others as the only means left to prevent the Storm which hung over their heads But it had not that effect so the Ministers and especially Beza who was invited by the Queen were honourably dismiss'd The Fame of this Conference being diffused through Italy and Spain Philip the Second was strangely surprized at it so the Queen sent Jacques de Monbron * In the History of the Council of Trent call'd Jaques de Montbrun a Person of good Birth and Repute to excuse it That Prince would hardly be induced to hear the reason of it and turning him over to the Duke de Alva he blamed their fearfulness and advised them to return to the same Severities which had been used in the Reigns of Henry II. and Francis II. promising his Masters Assistance for the Extirpation of the Protestants Adding That the King had been sclicited to it by the Catholick Nobility and People of France and that he could not neglect their Petition but he must be wanting to himself That he did not fear such vain reproaches as that with foreign Forces he invaded what was anothers because in this Cause the Spanish Forces were no foreigners when the Religion of their Ancestors was at the stake By this it appeared to the Court of France That there was a Correspondence between their Catholicks and the Spaniards and one Arthur Desier a Priest was taken much about this time near Orleans going into Spain with a Letter from some great Men to King Philip to persuade him to undertake the Protection of their Infant King and of the Catholick Religion which was in great danger to be ruin'd for which he was ordered to do Penance by the Parliament of Paris and committed to the Carthusian Monks to be kept a Prisoner for ever but afterwards he made his Escape This Sentence was pronounced against him the 14th of July In the End of this Year A Popish Position gives great Offence in France one Jean Tanquerel a young Divine proposed as his Thesis in a Disputation That the Pope as Christ's only Vicar and the Monarch of the Church can by his Spiritual and Secular Power command all faithful Princes as his Subjects and if they disobey his Precepts deprive them of their Dignities and Kingdoms which being complain'd off to the King the Chancellor sent a Commission to inquire into it and Tanquerel being fled it was ordered that the Parritor of the Theological Faculty should make a Recantation of it in his Name in the School of the Sorbonne before the Dean and all the Fellows and Students of that Faculty in the Presence of the President of the Parliament of Paris the King's Counsel and Solicitor and for the future the Parliament forbad all such questions to be given And ordered the Sorbonne to send two of their Fellows to beg the King's Pardon This Decree passed the 2d of December and was put in Execution ten days after The Pope had till now dreaded a General Council The Council of Trent recall'd as tending to the abatement of his Power and on that score had delayed it till Cosmus Duke of Florence and the fear of a National Council in France prevail'd upon him to reassume that which was began by Paul III. continued by Julius III. and was at last interrupted by the Commotions of Germany The Pope's Bull. In order to this the 19th of November 1559. he Published a Bull for the recalling this Council to Trent at the Feast of Easter of this Year vehemently Exhorting all Patriarchs Archbishops Bishops and Abbats and all others who had the Right or Privilege to Sit and Vote in a General Council by common right or any Privilege or Ancient Custom that at that Day they would be present in the said Council He also Admonished the Emperor Elect and all other Christian Kings and Princes that if they could not be personally present they should send their Ambassadors thither affirming beforehand that he designed nothing by this Council but the Glory of God the Reduction and Salvation of the scattered Sheep and the lasting Peace of Christendom There was soon after a sharp Invective Printed at Ausburg by Paulus Vergerius Bishop of Cabo di Istria in Friule Vergerius opposeth the Council who was a Cardinal and had been imployed by several of the preceding Popes in great Ambassies and had lately left that Church and betaken himself to the Protestants of Germany In it he set forth the Pride Pomp Luxury Ambition Bribery and corrupt Manners of the Court of Rome which he vow'd he well knew and from his heart detested That the Council was not call'd by the Pope to establish the Doctrine of Christ but those Human Inventions which they had brought in contrary to the Commandments of God not to Purge God's fold but to disseminate their inveterate Errors not to restore Christian Liberty but to introduce a miserable Servitude and Oppression on the Souls of Men none but the Bishops and Abbats who should take an Oath prescribed by the Roman Ceremonial Lib. 1. c. III. § XIV being permitted to sit there That all the inferior Clergy and secular Princes had only a right to come be instructed but not to deliberate or vote by which it must needs come to pass that not only all those who had separated from that Church on the account of her gross Errors would not be heard which was promised at first by Paul III. but that also many of the most Skilful and most Learned Doctors of that Church would be excluded from giving any Vote and all Liberty in which only there was any hope of restoring the Peace of the Church would be taken away and a Door opened to let in a Schism which would never have an end The Pope Ambassadors sent to the Protestant Princes to invite them to the Council perceiving that this Complaint would irritate the Minds
the Pope was afraid the World should think him more solicitous for the preservation of the Papal Power than for his Pastoral Cure. The Demands of the French Ambassadors in the Council The Twentieth of May the French Ambassadors were admitted in a Congregation where they made an unacceptable Oration an abstract of which is in Polano Thuanus saith The Speech was made the Fourth of June and that amongst other things they desired That the Missals and Breviaries might be Reformed and the Lectures which were not taken out of the Holy Scriptures might be cut off That the Sacrament of the Lords Supper might be allowed in both Kinds according to the desire of many Nations And also the Liberty of eating Flesh and that the Severity of their Fasts might be abated That Marriage should be allowed to the Clergy of some Countries That the multitude of Humane Constitutions should be retrenched and Prayers in the Vulgar Tongue faithfully Translated mixed with the Latin Hymns Before this the Ambassador of the Duke of Bavaria had also demanded the giving of the Cup in the Lords Supper to the Laity as absolutely necessary for the Preserving those who had not yet separated themselves from the Communion of the Church of Rome but were much offended with this denial and for the Recovery of those who had left it And accordingly there were about Fifty of the most Learned of the Fathers of the Council who were for granting it and amongst them Gonzaga President of the Council though all his Collegues dissented But the Spanish Bishops opposed it and others thought it was fit first to send Legates into Germany who should see and report it to the Council whether it were necessary and how it might be done This was debated in a Congregation the Twenty eighth of August but in the Twenty second Session held the Seventeenth of September it was rejected and all were Anathematized That did not allow the Church to have taken away the Cup from the Laity c. upon just Grounds When the Germans still insisted that it might be granted again to some People the Council to free themselves from their importunity turned them over to the Pope who according to his Prudence was to do what he thought Useful and Salutary Before this the Pope being press'd to Grant the Cup by the French Ambassador about a Year since had referred it to the Conclave of Cardinals and they and he had referred it to the Council and now the Council sends it back to the Pope Oh the stupid Patience of these Men When Lanssac gave the King of France an Account of what had been done he said in his Answer That he liked what had been done as yet at Trent but could not but observe that they went very slowly about the Reforming of the Ecclesiastical Discipline The French Kings Reflections on the Proceedings of the Council and the Manners of the Clergy and in the mean time were in great haste to Establish the Points of Doctrine That therefore it was suspected when this was with Levity enough perform'd there would be an end put to the Council and no care be taken for the former that so this procedure would afford no Benefit to the Church in this distracted State of Christendom and especially to France That about Thirty Years since when Fire and Sword had so unsuccessfully been imployed to Cure the Disease all Men looked upon a General Council as the Sheet-Anchor That he wished nothing had been done in the beginning of this Council for the Alienating the Minds of the Churches Enemies but rather that they had by all means been allured and invited to it and if any had been prevail'd upon to come that they should have been treated by the Fathers of the Council with Kindness and Humanity as Children For to what end were all these careful and diligent Disquisitions and Disputations concerning the Doctrine seeing there was no debate but between the Catholick and Protestant in these Points And as to the Protestants their Definitions signified nothing but only gave them Occasion to say their Opinions were condemned by the Council without hearing what they had to say for them That therefore it seemed more advisable to have endeavoured to have brought them into the Council for fear they should in time withdraw all those who adhere to the Church For it was a vain furmise that the Protestants would ever submit to those Decrees which were made when they were absent That therefore he was of Opinion That the Reforming the Manners of the Church-men and the Discipline ought to be their first and greatest Care and the other to be for a time suspended for this would be acceptable to all Men. And lastly Lanssac was ordered to get the next Session Prorogued to the latter end of October 1563. that the French Clergy might be present at it or at least that the publishing of the Canons might be deferred till then When Lanssac had represented all this to the Council he desired in the King's Name That seeing in the former Sessions some things had been decreed to the prejudice of the Liberties of the Gallicane Church it being an ancient Privilege belonging to them to represent by their Kings or their Ambassadors what they thought useful or necessary for them that this Liberty should for the future be preserved and that if any thing were Acted to the contrary of it it might be recalled In the mean time the Thirteenth of November The Cardinal of Lorrain and the French Clergy arrive at Trent the Cardinal of Lorrain and about Forty of the French Bishops came to Trent with some Divines who were met without that City by the Pope's Legates and some of the other Bishops and of the Ambassadors In this Journey the Cardinal of Lorrain went to Inspruck to meet the Emperor before he went to the Diet at Francfort where he had some Conferences in private with that Prince about the Affairs of Religion The Pope and the Cardinals at Rome were alarm'd at this coming of the French Clergy The Pope allarm'd at it as if so many Enemies had invaded him as if so many Enemies had invaded them and all things were in an Hurry to make Preparations against them There were new Legates and a new Squadron of Italian Bishops who might out number the French presently to be sent to Trent And the Pope wrote to King Philip to Order the Bishops of his Dominions to unite their Counsels and Votes with the Italian Bishops that neither the Reasons nor the Votes of the Vltramontane Bishops might prevail against them And in his private Audience with L' Isle the French Resident at Rome he ridicul'd the Cardinal of Lorrain by calling him The other Pope who had Three hundred thousand Pounds the Year Revenue out of several Ecclesiastical Benefices when he good Man was content with the single Bishoprick of Rome and it is an easie thing saith he for the Cardinal with his belly
declared the great Affections their Master had for the Emperor and the States of Germany they desired the ancient League might be renewed between the Empire and that Kingdom and that for the future there might be a firmer and closer Union and Friendship Upon this the Emperor returned Thanks to the Embassadors saying That the King might be assured of the Friendship of the Empire the Princes and States and of his too if his Actions did agree with his Words and those Cities which had lately been taken from the Empire were restored to it That this being done he did not see what could hinder their entring into a sincere Friendship At this the Embassadors replied That they had no Instruction concerning what he had proposed about the Cities but they would given an Account of it to the King their Master and in the mean time they desired the States would meet the King's Proposals of Friendship with equal Candour Upon this the Assembly broke up and the Embassadors were re-conducted back with great Civility and Respect to whom it was hinted that the Emperor could not but mention the Restitution of the Cities but then that neither he the Princes nor the States would break with the King of France though those Cities were not restored They decreed also a Noble Embassy to the King of France in which the Cardinal of Ausburg and Christopher Duke of Wirtemburg were employed One David George a Native of Delft in Holland born of mean Parents his Father being a Fencer and his Mother a mean Woman and himself unacquainted with any other than his Mother-Tongue was a Person of great seeming Moderation so that all took him for a very Honest and well-meaning Man tho' he was of a stubborn and incorrigable disposition The Life and Death of David George a famous Impostor He was a Person of a comely Countenance-and good meine and all the Motions of his Body were Grave and becoming so that he seemed made up of Honesty This Man spread amongst his Country-men the Pestilent Sect of Anabaptists to which they were very much disposed and this being done to his great advantage for he had got a good Estate by it and fearing he might not be safe if he continued any longer in his Native Country where he was accounted the Head of that Sect he went with some of his Followers to Basil in the Year 1544 under the Name of John Bruck and the first of April made a Speech in the Senate of that City desiring He might be protected by them as one forced to flee for his Religion and that they would receive his Wife Children Family and Fortunes as in a safe Harbour The Cause the Person and the Speech agreeed so exactly and his Temper was so wholely unknown to them as well as his former Life and his Country being very remote what he said appeared so like Truth and had happened to so many others That August 25 having given the usual Oath he was taken into the Protection of that City where he lived with the Respect to the Magistrate that Humanity towards the Citizens and that Civility towards all observing carefully their Religious Rites and in all things behaved himself so well that he gave not the least occasion to any to suspect him of any erroneous Doctrin and he was as well thought of by the most as he Desired to be or was esteemed by his own Party Thus he lived very quietly in his Family observing very strictly three things 1. Concealing the Name of David George by which he was well known in Holland and Friesland 2. Of what State and Condition he was at Home so that some took him for a Person of good Birth others for a Nobleman or Rich Merchant 3. Lastly he took Care not to admit any into his Sect of the City of Basil or of the neighbouring Country But in the mean time he took care by Letters Books and Messengers to enlarge his Sect in Holland and in other such distant Places But as to Switzerland he medled not for fear he might be discovered Having thus spent six Years with great Pleasure there happened a thing which gave him some Disturbance one of his Followers falling off upon better Information and appearing with great Zeal against the Doctrins of his quondam Master His House being also burnt with Lightning was a sad Presage That his good Fortune and his Life were near their End. But that which most afflicted him was That an able Person was come from Holland who had given an exact account of him and his Family to the Citizens of Basil this brought a great Despondence of Mind upon him and that a Sickness which seized his Wife also who dyed first and David George followed her himself August 25 1556 and he was buried with great Pomp in the Church of S. Leonard Thus died that famous Impostor and Deceiver who had pretended That he was greater and more Divine than Christ and Immortal that the Doctrin of Moses and the Prophets Christ and the Apostles was imperfect and did not lead to a true and perfect Felicity but his was such as would certainly make him who rightly understood it happy That he was the true Christ and Messiah the most beloved Son of the Father who was begotten not of Flesh but by the Holy Ghost and the Spirit of Christ which having reduced his Flesh to nothing and kept it in a certain place unknown to the Saints had at last delivered it to David George with much more such Blasphemous Nonsense After his Death the Frand broke out and this Year March 12 his Sons and all that belonged to him to the number of eleven were brought before the Senate and examined concerning his Name Country and Doctrin And they answering as he had taught were committed to different Prisons and all his Papers and Writings were delivered to the Divines April 26 the Divines and University having considered them condemn'd his Doctrin as false contrary to the sacred Scriptures pernicious and injurious to Jesus Christ and to be exterminated out of the Christian World. After this his Sons were dismiss'd out of Prison upon condition they should buy no Lands without the Walls of the City without the Permission of the Senate That they should entertain no Travellers though of their near Relations but should send them to the publick Inns That they should deliver in all the Books written or printed by David George and not keep any by them in the Dutch Tongue and that they should send their Children to the School of Basil to be instructed That they should pay a Pecuniary Mulct if required and that they their Wives and Children should appear in the Church and make Profession of the True Faith and Renounce that of David George Two days after his Body was sentenc'd to be taken up and burnt together with his Books and Effigies by the Hands of the Common Hang-man in the place where they usally executed Malefactors and all
Patience Justice Prayers and Tears The ancient Christians accordingly chose rather to be Kill'd than to Kill and Signed the Truth of their Religion with their Bloods And yet it cannot be denied but that a false Religion is a very powerful Exciter of the Minds of Men and surmounts all other Passions and unites Men more strongly than any other thing so that we must confess that Kingdoms are divided in effect more by their Religions than by their Bounds and therefore it daily happens that those that are possess'd by an Opinion of Religion have little regard to their Prince their Country Wives and Children and from hence springs Rebellions Dissentions and Revolts And in the same House if they are divided in Religion the Husband cannot agree with the Wife and Children nor one Brother with another That therefore a Remedy might be had for so great a Calamity it had been decreed at Fountain-bleau That there was need of a Council and the Pope having since declared there should suddenly be one that Men ought not in the mean time to hammer on t for themselves new Religions Rites and Ceremonies according to their own Fancies For this would not only endanger the publick Peace but the Salvation of their Souls too That if the Pope and the Council fail'd the King would take the same Care his Ancestors had and provide for the Peace and Welfare of his Kingdom That it was to be hoped the Bishops would for the future exercise their Functions with greater Care and Diligence That the Cure might come from that Fountain which had caused the Distemper That they ought to arm themselves with Vertues Good Manners and the Word of God which are the Arms of Supplicants and then go out to War against our Enemies and not imitate unskilful Captains who disfurnish their Walls to make an Irruption The Discourse of one that lives well is very persuasive but the Sword has no other power over the Soul than to destroy it with the Body Our Ancestors overcame their Sectaries with their Piety and we ought to imitate them if we would not be thought rather to hate the Men than their Vices Let us therefore said he pray daily for them that they may be reduced from their Errors and discharging the hateful Names of Lutherans Huguenots and Papists which were introduced by the Enemy of Mankind and are too like the ancient Factions of Guelfs and Gibellins let us only retain the Ancient Appellation of Christians But then because there are many who only pretend Religion but are in Truth led by Ambition Avarice and Novelty it is fit to suppress these Men in the very beginning These are the Men that ought to be kept under by the Force of Arms. When the States came to debate A Difficulty proposed the Clergy and the Commons were of Opinion That their Powers were determined by the Death of the late King and that they ought to return Home Which was over-ruled by the King of Navar and the Council And they were ordered to proceed because by the Law of France the King never dies but the Lawful Succession is transmitted without any interruption The Cardinal of Lorraine had design'd in the former Reign to make a Speech in the Name of the three Estates which was then not opposed but now the Commons would not suffer it because contrary to the Ancient Usage And for that they had some things to object against the Cardinal himself Jean l' Ange an Advocate of the Parliament of Bourdeaux The Deputy of the Commons speaks against the Clergy spoke for the Commons and remarked three great Faults in the Clergy Ignorance Covetousness and Excessive Luxury which had given Being to the new Errors and Scandal to the People That the Preaching of the Word of God which was the chief cause of the instituting Bishops was totally neglected and they thought it a shameful thing and beneath their Dignity And by their Example the Curates had learned to neglect their Duty too and had ordered the Mass to be sung by Illiterate and Unworthy Stipendaries That the excessive Pomp and Avarice of the Clergy who pretended by it to promote the Glory of God had raised an Envy and an hatred of them in the Minds of the People And therefore he desired that a Council might be assembled by the order of the King to remedy these Mischiefs After him James de Silty Comte de Roquefort And is seconded by the Deputy of the Nobility made a Bold and an Elegant Oration in the Name of the Nobility and taxed the Clergy for invading the Rights and oppressing the People under Pretence of the Jurisdictions granted them by the Ancient Kings of France That therefore the King ought in the first place to take care to reform the Clergy and assign good Pensions to those that Preached the Word of God as had been done by many of his Ancestors which he named Jean Quintin le Bourguinon The Clergy apologize for themselves made a long tedious Speech in the behalf of the Clergy to shew I. That the Assembly of the three Estates were instituted for the providing for the Sacred Discipline II. That the King might understand the Complaints of his People and provide for the Necessities of his Kingdom by their Advice and not for the Reformation of the Church Which could not Err and which neither hath nor ever shall have the least Spot or Wrinkle but shall ever be Beautiful But then he ingenuously confest That the Sacred Discipline was very much declined from its Ancient Simplicity That therefore the Revivers of the the Ancient Heresies were not to be heard and all that had Meetings separate from the Catholicks were to be esteemed Favourers of Sectaries and to be punished Therefore he desired the King to compel all his Subjects within his Dominions to Live and Believe according to the Form prescribed by the Church That the Insolence of the Sectaries was no longer to be endured who despising the Authority of the Ancients and the Doctrine received by the Church would be thought alone to understand and imbrace the Gospel That this was the next step to a Rebellion and that they would shortly shake off the Yoak of the Civil Magistrate and with the same Boldness fight against their Prince that they now imployed against the Church if Care were not speedily taken He desired that all Commerce between them and the Catholicks might be forbidden and that they might be treated like Enemies and that those who were gone out of the Kingdom on the account of Religion might be banished That it was the King's Duty to draw the Civil Sword and put all those to Death who were infected with Heresie to defend the Clergy and restore the Elections of Bishops to the Chapters the want of which had caused great Damages to the Church That it had been observed That the very Year the Pope granted the King the Nomination of Bishops this Schism began and has
ever since spread it self for in the 1517 Luther Zuinglius and Oecolampadius set up and Calvin followed them This Speech incensed the whole Assembly against him and especially the Protestants who published so many Libels and Satyrs against him that he soon after died of Shame and Grief He was no ill Man but was a better Decretalist than a Divine and had never well thought whether a Reformation were needfull or no But then it ought also to have been considered that he did not speak his own Single judgment but had his matter prescribed him by the Clergy for whom he spoke After some days the King Signified to the Bishops that they should prepare themselves for the Council which was now recall'd at Trent and the Judges and Prefects were commanded to discharge all that were Imprison'd for Religion only and leave all that were suspected the free injoyment of their Estates and Goods And it was made Capital to reproach or injure one the other on the Account of Religion After which the Assemly was Prorogued to the Month of May of the next Year There was in Piedmont a Valley called by the Name of Perosia and St. Martin Inhabited by about 15000 Souls whose Ancestors about 400 Years since had upon the Preaching of Waldus The Persecution in Piedmont which Occasioneth a War. Speronus and Arnaldus made a defection from the Church of Rome and had at times been severely treated for it by the French under whom they had been but by the last Treaty were assigned to the Duke of Savoy This People about the Year 1555 had imbraced the Reformation and had suffered it to be publickly preached tho it was forbidden by the Council at Turin which the Year following sent one of its own Members to inquire after the Offenders and to punish them to whom the Inhabitants of this Valley delivered the Confession of their Faith Declaring that they profess'd the Doctrin contained in the Old and New Testament and comprehended in the Apostles Creed and admitted the Sacraments Instituted by Christ the IV first Councils viz. those of Nice Constantinople Ephesus and Chalcedon and the Ten Commandments c. That they believed the Supreme civil Magistrates were Instituted by God and they were to be obeyed and that who soever resisted them sought against God. They said they had received this Doctrin from their Ancestors and that if they were in any error they were ready to receive instruction from the Word of God and would presently renounce any heretical or erroneous Doctrin which should be so shewen to them Thereupon a Solemn Dispute was in shew appointed concerning the Sacrifice of the Mass Auricular Confession Tradition Prayers and Oblations for the Dead and the Ceremonies of the Church and her Censures all which were rejected by them they alledging that they were humane Inventions and contrary to the Word of God. This Confession was sent by the Duke of Savoy to the King of France who about a year after return'd Answer That he had caused it to be Examin'd by his learned Divines who had all condemn'd it as Erroneous and contrary to true Religion and therefore the King commanded them to reject this Confession and to Submit to the Holy Church of Rome and if they did not do so their Persons and Estates should be Confiscated But they on the contrary were resolved to stand by their former Confession They were thereupon commanded not to admit any Teacher who was not sent by the Archbishop of Turin or the Council there and that if any Teachers came among them from Geneva they should discover or apprehend them upon pain of Death and loss of all they had For three years after this the people of this Perswasion were let alone and no way molested but this Year the Duke of Savoy much against his will and Inclination was drawn by the Pope to make a War upon them In the begining of March Jean de Carquignau and one Mathurim and his Wife were taken and burnt and several of the Neighbour Valleys were Plundred several of the Inhabitants were put to death and about Sixty sent to the Gallies and some recanted and profess'd the Roman Catholick Religion After this one Thomas Jacomel a Dominican was sent with one Turbis for his Assistant who was a bloody man to inquire diligently and severely into all that were suspected but the Nobility interposing there was no great Severity shewn The Monks of the Abbey of Pignoral which was seated in the Entry of the Valley on the other side kept a parcel of Souldiers in Pay and trapping as many of these Poor People as they could as they passed to and fro they used them very cruelly and some others of the Nobility did the same thing and a Sedition following upon it they fined the poor Inhabitants One Thousand six Hundred Crowns Upon this a sharp war insued which ended in the Ruine of the Aggressors of the Church of Rome The Pastor also of Perosia was taken and burnt with a slow Fire with many of his Flock and the Inhabitants were spoiled of all they had and forced to flee to the Mountains Being thus inraged with hard Usages in the Month of July Fifty of them set upon One Hundred and Twenty Souldiers belonging to the Abbey of Pignoral put them to flight and flew the greatest part of them and about Four Hundred more of their party coming up they took the Abbey of Pignoral and delivered all their people which were imprisoned there In October following News being brought that the Duke of Savoy was sending an Army to destroy them They resolved that it was not lawful to take Arms against their Prince but that they would take what they could carry away and betake themselves to the Mountains and there attend the good pleasure of God who never forsakes his own and can turn the Hearts of Princes which way he pleaseth There was not one Man amongst them who repined against this Decree In after times they had Pastors who taught them otherwise and told them it was not their Prince but the Pope that they resisted and that they fought not for their Religion but for their Wives and Children The second of November the Forces of the Duke of Savoy entered their Borders and the Soldiers attempting to get above them they betook themselves to their Slings and maintained a Fight against them though they were but few in number the space of a whole day with no great loss At last the General finding they were not to be forced gave them leave to Petition the Duke of Savoy That they might live in Peace assuring him that nothing but utter ruin coald have forced them to take Arms against him for which they humbly implored his Highness's Pardon and begging the Liberty of their Consciences and that they might not be forced to submit to the Traditions of the Church of Rome but might with his good leave enjoy the Religion they had learned from their Ancestors This
not God would Punish them After him the Cardinal of Tournon spoke and Thanked the King Queen and Princes for being present and approved highly of what the Chancellor had said but defired a Copy of it which the Chancellor refused though it was seconded by the Cardinal of Lorrain because he perceived they craftily designed to mischief him by it Beza speaks Theodore Beza being next commanded to speak fell upon his Knees and after a Prayer and reciting his Faith complained to God that they had been injuriously treated as Enemies of the Publick Peace Then he shewed wherein they agreed with the Church of Rome and wherein they differed and discoursed of the way of attaining Salvation of Faith Good Works the Word of God the Authority of the Councils and Fathers of the Sacraments and of their use and true Interpretation of Transubstantiation and Consubstantiation and lastly of the Ecclesiastical Order and Discipline and obedience to Princes he was so long and so sharp in some of these things that they had scarce patience to hear him out and the Cardinal of Tournon presently replied with a Voice trembling for Rage Tournon replies with rage That he and the other Prelates had done violence to their Consciences by condescending to this Conference in compliance with his Majesties Commands by hearing these new Evangelists That he foresaw if they were heard many things would be spoken by them injurious to the Majesty of God which would offend the Ears of the King and of all good Men. And therefore he beseeched his Majesty not to believe what was said That if he could have prevented it the King should not have been present but however he desired he would not suffer his Mind to be pre-ingaged in their false Opinions but to suspend till the Bishops had Answered it and the King and the rest there present should know the difference between Falsehood and Truth He Asked a Day to Answer in and prayed the King that he would persevere in the Religion of his Ancestors Lastly he added that but for the respect they bore to the King the Bishops would have arisen and put a stop to those horrible and abominable Words The Queens Answer The Queen calmly said she had done the thing without the Advice of the Parliament of Paris the Princes and Privy Council That no change was designed but that the Disturbances of France might be appeased and Men friendly brought from their Errors into the Old Way which belonged to them to effect The first Dispute was The Points debated about the Lords Supper The second which was the 17th of August was about the Church which the Cardinal of Lorrain said could not Err That if any particular Church did Recourse was to be had to the Head the Church of Rome and the Decrees of a General Council and the Concurrent Opinions of the Ancient Fathers and before all to the Sacred Scriptures explain'd by the Right Sense and Interpretation of the Church As to the Lord's Supper in effect he said That if the Protestants would not embrace their Opinions there was no hope of an Agreement The Cardinal of Tournon thereupon applauded his Harangue and said he was ready to lay down his Life for this Faith intreating the King to continue stedfast in it and was contented Good Man that if the Protestants would subscribe these two Points they should be admitted to dispute all the rest but if they refused this all hearing was to be denied them and they were to be expell'd out of his Dominions Beza desired to Answer him Extempore but the King delayed the Answer to the next day Upon a Petition the Ministers were heard at last again the 24th of September before the Queen only when Beza discoursed of the Church and its Notes which he said were the Preaching of the Word and a Pure Administration of the Sacraments As for the Succession of Persons and Doctrines it had been often interrupted He discoursed of the Ordinary and Extraordinary Vocation of the Universal Church and her Authority of Councils which he affirm'd had and might err of the Dignity of Scripture and whether the Scriptures were to be preferr'd before the Church or did borrow their Authority from the Church Claud d' Espence a learned Man Claud d' Espence opposeth Beza who desired very much the Church might regain her former Peace being Commanded by the Cardinal of Lorrain to answer Beza began with a Declaration that he had a long time wished that there might have been Conferences and said he had ever abhorred those Bloody Proceedings which had been used against those miserable Men. Then he said The Ordination of the Protestant Ministers Questi'd he wondered by what Authority the Protestants took upon them the Office of the Ministery and by whom they were Ordain'd and Instituted and that seeing they had received Imposition of hands from no body how could they be accounted lawful Ministers for it was manifest they had no Ordinary call And they must prove an Extraordinary Vocation by Miracles which they had not And thence he concluded they never came into the Church either by an Ordinary or an Extraordinary call As to Traditions if any Controversie arose about the Sense of Scriptures which could not be otherwise adjusted they must of necessity have recourse to the Fathers who had their Authority from their lawful and ordinary Call or Succession because upon them the Guifts of the Spirit were bestowed As it was written of the Levites whose Answers were not to be question'd That many things were setled by Traditions which were not written in the Scriptures As that the Father was not begotten That the Son was of the same Substance with the Father That Infants were to be Baptized That the Blessed Virgin continued a Virgin after she brought forth That the Decrees of General Councils should be valid and that they cannot err in Matters of Faith and that it cannot be shewn that any of the later Councils have corrected the former Beza replied Beza Replieâ— that the Imposition of hands was no necessary note of a lawful Call The two principal were a due Inquiry into the Doctrine and Manners of the Person and an Election of them to the Ministery That they were not to expect Imposition of hands from the Bishops who opposed the Truth and persecuted those that Preached it And that Miracles were not always necessary to an extraordinary Call which he endeavoured to prove by Isaiah Daniel Amos Zachariah and St. Paul. In the next congress Beza spoke much about the Calling of the Protestant Ministers but in such a manner as tended more to the exasperating of the Prelates than the appeasing them so that these two days were spent in mere squabble without order and to no purpose There was then in France John Laines a Spaniard General of the Jesuits Laines General of the Jesuits his Rudeness in the Conference who came thither with Hippolito d' Este
vide Christiern Sturmius James dies 594. Sweden vide Gustavus Switzers oppose the Election of Francis I. to the Empire 14. An account of their Commonwealth 48. Had a Custom that Priests should publickly keep Concubines 51. They complain against Zuinglius in a Convention of Estates 66. They assemble at Lucern and make Edicts against the New Religion 67. They Remonstrate against those of Zurick 69. They join with Zuinglius in the Doctrine of the Eucharist 97. They meet 12 Cantons to Dispute at Baden 105. The Popish Cantons make a League with Ferdinand 118. Seeds of Civil Wars arise amongst themselves 120. Which are taken up ibid. They make a League for six years with the Landgrave of Hesse 141. Do not refuse to join in the League of Smalcald if Comprehension be allow'd them 148. Not admitted into the League 151. The Popish Cantons League against the Zurichers 155. They overcome the Zurichers 156. They overcome them again ibid. They conclude a Peace ibid. The Protestant Cantons interceed with the French King to remit his Severities towards the Protestants 210. They answer the Letter which was sent to them by the States of the Empire 323. Interceed to the French King for the Waldenses 347. They give an answer to the Protestants Embassy 392. They answer the Emperors Letter 398. The Protestant Cantons differ in their Answer about the War from the Popish ones 399. Their Answer to the Protestants demands 404. Two Protestant Cantons refuse a League with Henry II. King of France 484. Sylvius Aeneas vide P. Pius T. TEcelius John Tetzel a Dominican writes against Luther 's ninety five Theses 2. Teutonick order its institution 99. They subdue Prussia ibid. Thomas of Becket Arch-Bishop of Canterbury 241. Killed by some of King Henry II 's Court ibid. His rich Shrine ibid. Canonized 242. Toledo Don Francisco de Ambassador from the Emperor at the Council of Trent 374. Treats vigorously with the Protestant Ambassadors there 539. Transylvania Vaivod claims the Kingdom of Hungary against Ferdinand 112. Writes about it to the Princes of the Empire ibid. Invites Solyman into Germany 121. Is made King of Hungary by Solyman ibid. Dies 269. His Son is delivered up to Solyman 285. Made Vaivod of Transylvania ibid. Transylvania revolts from Ferdinand 633. Tregerus Conradus disputes with the Preachers of the Reformed Religion at Bern 111. Trent nominated by the Pope to hold a Council 292. Allowed by the Catholick Princes of Germany ibid. Protested against by the Protestants ibid. The Council called 296. It is opened 361. The first Session ibid. The decrees of it 362. The second Session ibid. The third Session 373. The fourth Session with its decrees 377. The French Ambassadors Speech in the Council ibid. It is put off 391. What number of Bishops were there ibid. Decrees made there about Justification 416. The seventh Session 422. The Council is divided and some go to Bononia 425. The Emperors Deputies commanded not to stir thence ibid. The Councilis divided 439. Cardinal of Trent speaks to the Pope about removing the Council 443. The Council meets once more at Trent 513. Sits formally 518. Receives the French King's Letter ibid. The Ceremony of their Sessions 520. The may of making Articles and Canons 521. They decree the business of the Lords Supper 525. They leave some things to be disputed when the Protestants should come to the Council 526. The form of their safe conduct ibid. They answer the French Kings Letter 527. They make decrees about Pennance and Extream Vnction 530. Long debates about a Safe Conduct at Trent 539. They are wonderfully divided 546. Fly from Trent in haste 547. And they prorogue the Council for two Years 548. Treves vide Triers Triers Elector makes a Speech for Francis I. 16. Perswades Luther to yield 46. Very courteously ibid. Richard the Elector makes War with Francis Sicking 56. Not for Religion ibid. Kills several Boors at Wormes 81. After they had thrown down their Arms ibid. Dies 149. The Elector of Triers leaves the Council of Trent 542. Truchses George Head of the Schwabian League 80. Routs the Boors in Schwaben ibid. And at Winsberg 81. Burns the Town ibid. Routs others in Franconia ibid. Makes a Speech to the Protestant Princes in the Emperors Name 134. Turegie vide Oxline Turks vide Solyman their Original 295. They invade Hungary 314. They take Tripoly 518. Their Fleet takes Corsica 591. Their Fleet scours the Coasts of Italy 617. V. VAiod vide Transylvania Valla Laurentius his book censured 28. Vargas Francisco de and Martino Velasco the Emperors Ambassadors protest against the Council at Bononia 446. Venetians make a League with the Emperor against Francis 204. They conclude a Peace with the Turk 252. They publish a Proclamation about Religion against the reformed 468. Venize Gabriel Provincial of the Augustans in Germany vide Leo. Vergerius Peter Paul the Popes Legate at Augsbourg 127. Had orders to manage the business of a Council cautiously 166. Is recalled into Italy by P. Paul III. 174. And sent back with the old Instructions 175. Consults with the Duke of Saxony at Prague 180. Sent to Naples to the Emperor 204. Appointed of the Committee to draw up a Bull for the calling of a Council ibid. His Speech at Wormes 272. Talks with Spira at Padua 475. Turns Protestant 476. Perswades his Diocess of Justinople to joyn with him ibid. Being Persecuted settles in the Valteline 477. And thence removes to Tubing ibid. Writes a Book to disswade the Switzers from sending to the Council of Trent 528. Vey a Lawyer of Baden speaks to Luther from the Commissioners at Wormes 45. Exhorts him to submit his Books to the Emperor and Princes 46. Vienna vide Solyman Visconti Dukes of Milan their Pedigree 203. Ulm receives the Protestant Religion and a Church is constituted there 149. Is reconciled to the Emperor and fined 413. A Diet called thither 428. What was done at it 431. Adjourned to Augsbourg 432. The Government changed by the Emperor 472. Their Divines refuse with great Courage to acknowledge the Doctrine of the Interim ibid. Their Ministers are released 479. Their answer to Albert 's Proposals 563. Ulric Duke of Wirtemberg claims his Country 79. Is repulsed by the Schwabian Confederates 80. Is restored into it by the Landgrave of Hesse 173. Engages to be Feudatary to Ferdinand ibid. And recovers his Country entirely 174. He acknowledges himself Feudatary to Ferdinand 180. Is admitted into the Protestant League 206. Excuses himself by Letter to King Francis 249. He with Vpper Germany first takes Arms 380. Writes Supplicatory Letters to the Emperor 413. Is received upon hard Conditions 415. He makes his Submission to the Emperor in Person at Ulm 421. Receives the Interim 462. Dies 502. Vogelsberg Sebastian raises Men in Germany for Henry King of France 434. Is beheaded at Augsbourg for it 456. W. WAradin George Martinhausen Bishop of made a Cardinal 528. Is killed for Commotions in Transylvania 535. Waldenses Persecuted