by_o the_o most_o wise_a learned_a and_o virtuous_a emperor_n of_o the_o roman_n must_v needs_o have_v a_o strange_a influence_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o many_o man_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o incline_v they_o to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o his_o judgement_n though_o his_o practice_n be_v otherwise_o for_o worldly_a respect_n and_o indeed_o it_o produce_v a_o number_n of_o christian_n not_o only_o out_o of_o the_o vulgar_a rank_n but_o of_o honourable_a and_o note_a person_n insomuch_o as_o tertullian_n a_o christian_a writer_n of_o the_o next_o age_n declare_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o though_o they_o count_v christian_n as_o extern_n yet_o say_v he_o we_o fill_v all_o your_o place_n your_o city_n isle_n castle_n free-town_n camp_n tribe_n corporation_n palace_n senate_n etc._n etc._n no_o wonder_n then_o if_o our_o british_a king_n lucius_n prepare_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o inform_v by_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n principal_a officer_n send_v into_o britain_n not_o only_o of_o the_o say_v miraculous_a deliverance_n but_o what_o number_n of_o the_o roman_a nobility_n and_o senator_n have_v thereupon_o give_v up_o their_o name_n to_o christ_n no_o wonder_n if_o lucius_n thus_o convince_v in_o judgement_n and_o not_o deter_v by_o the_o roman_a civil_a power_n at_o last_o submit_v his_o neck_n to_o the_o same_o easy_a yoke_n as_o for_o our_o bale_n conceit_n that_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n be_v both_o christian_n and_o wrought_v upon_o lucius_n there_o be_v no_o ground_n in_o history_n for_o it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o this_o king_n conversion_n it_o may_v have_v be_v more_o clear_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o ancient_a history_n of_o elevanus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la be_v lose_v nevertheless_o what_o may_v be_v glean_v out_o of_o primitive_a record_n as_o relic_n of_o ancient_a tradition_n shall_v not_o be_v omit_v especial_o if_o approve_v by_o modern_a author_n among_o the_o rest_n thus_o write_v bale_n lucius_n as_o he_o conjecture_n be_v scandalize_v at_o the_o meanness_n and_o poverty_n of_o christ_n as_o the_o jew_n be_v for_o though_o christian_a religion_n have_v for_o the_o space_n of_o more_o than_o 100_o year_n be_v propagate_v in_o britain_n yet_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o its_o due_a splendour_n because_o hitherto_o administer_v by_o simple_a poor_a and_o contemptible_a person_n and_o want_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o support_v it_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o say_a king_n be_v inform_v by_o the_o emperor_n lieutenant_n that_o upon_o the_o cease_n of_o persecution_n many_o illustrious_a roman_n have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n he_o then_o begin_v to_o entertain_v a_o more_o worthy_a conceit_n of_o it_o and_o now_o serious_o compare_v this_o holy_a faith_n with_o what_o he_o have_v learn_v from_o his_o druid_n the_o simplicity_n and_o sanctity_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o foul_a and_o barbarous_a superstition_n of_o the_o other_o and_o consider_v the_o inestimable_a promise_n of_o eternal_a glory_n and_o happiness_n propose_v and_o assure_v in_o and_o by_o the_o gospel_n to_o any_o share_n whereof_o his_o own_o priest_n never_o pretend_v the_o least_o claim_n he_o grow_v weary_a of_o his_o former_a error_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v further_o instruct_v in_o those_o verity_n with_o a_o few_o beam_n whereof_o he_o have_v be_v former_o enlighten_v and_o therefore_o though_o there_o want_v not_o such_o as_o have_v skill_n enough_o to_o satisfy_v this_o king_n in_o the_o truth_n of_o christian_a religion_n especial_o elvanus_n before_o mention_v and_o medwinus_n among_o the_o belgae_n yet_o the_o prudent_a king_n by_o their_o advice_n no_o doubt_n think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o implore_v a_o great_a authority_n for_o the_o establish_n a_o new_a church_n and_o settle_v the_o common_a affair_n of_o religion_n among_o his_o subject_n however_o though_o in_o his_o neighbour_a kingdom_n of_o gaul_n many_o renown_v and_o learn_v bishop_n be_v then_o live_v especial_o st._n iraeneus_n bishop_n of_o lion_n yet_o to_o none_o of_o these_o have_v lucius_n particular_a recourse_n but_o send_v two_o messenger_n through_o that_o nation_n direct_v they_o to_o st._n eleutherius_fw-la a_o worthy_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o apostolic_a chair_n which_o he_o with_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n take_v to_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n this_o he_o may_v well_o learn_v from_o st._n iraeneus_n against_o heresy_n who_o declare_v that_o every_o church_n and_o all_o christian_n wherever_o dsperse_v shall_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o roman_a church_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o more_o powersul_n principality_n tertullian_n also_o than_o a_o eminent_a priest_n will_v have_v give_v the_o same_o advice_n for_o thus_o he_o bespeak_v his_o reader_n who_o ever_o thou_o be_v say_v he_o who_o will_v better_v employ_v thy_o curiosity_n in_o the_o business_n of_o thy_o salvation_n take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o principal_a church_n found_v by_o the_o apostle_n if_o italy_n be_v near_o to_o thou_o thou_o may_v repair_v to_o rome_n from_o whence_o our_o authority_n in_o africa_n be_v likewise_o derive_v a_o church_n it_o be_v happy_a in_o its_o constitution_n to_o which_o the_o chief_a apostle_n together_o with_o their_o blood_n shed_v forth_o the_o whole_a doctrine_n of_o christianity_n and_o as_o for_o st._n iraeneus_n he_o give_v a_o catalogue_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o time_n of_o eleatherius_n with_o who_o he_o be_v contemporary_a and_o with_o his_o catalogue_n this_o assertion_n by_o make_v know_v the_o faith_n of_o that_o chief_a and_o most_o ancient_a church_n of_o rome_n renown_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n found_v and_o constitute_v by_o the_o most_o glorious_a apostle_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n and_o by_o a_o uninterrupted_n succession_n of_o bishop_n derive_v to_o our_o time_n we_o confound_v all_o those_o who_o any_o way_n either_o by_o a_o unlawful_a self-love_n vain_a glory_n blindness_n or_o perversity_n of_o opinion_n make_v separate_v congregation_n profess_v other_o doctrine_n therefore_o to_o elutherius_n pastor_n of_o this_o church_n king_n lucius_n address_v himself_o to_o obtain_v law_n and_o ordinance_n necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o well_o order_v church_n in_o this_o kingdom_n what_o his_o message_n be_v our_o bishop_n usher_n have_v declare_v out_o of_o a_o ancient_a book_n belong_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o abingdon_n namely_o that_o king_n lucius_n have_v hear_v the_o fame_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o preacher_n at_o that_o time_n in_o rome_n send_v his_o messenger_n with_o public_a letter_n in_o great_a expedition_n most_o devout_o and_o earnest_o beseech_v the_o venerable_a pope_n eleutherius_fw-la that_o by_o his_o order_n and_o will_v he_o may_v be_v make_v a_o christian_n it_o be_v true_a the_o bishop_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n attribute_v this_o to_o the_o primacy_n of_o the_o roman_a bishop_n but_o to_o the_o commerce_n and_o strict_a alliance_n between_o the_o conquer_a britain_n and_n that_o imperial_a city_n contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a judgement_n of_o irenaeus_n and_o tertullian_n beforementioned_a and_o the_o traditionary_a practice_n of_o all_o age_n in_o the_o protestant_a author_n of_o the_o british_a antiquity_n we_o may_v find_v who_o be_v this_o king_n messenger_n namely_o elvanus_n and_o medwinus_n beforementioned_a and_o what_o their_o message_n be_v more_o particular_o viz._n to_o request_v the_o roman_a bishop_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o direct_v his_o legate_n with_o order_n to_o baptise_v he_o be_v already_o endue_v with_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o that_o they_o may_v bring_v the_o roman_a law_n with_o they_o according_a to_o which_o he_o may_v order_n and_o establish_v both_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o pious_a bishop_n eleutherius_fw-la much_o more_o zealous_a to_o propagate_v the_o divine_a doctrine_n than_o to_o illustrate_v his_o own_o fame_n signify_v to_o the_o king_n his_o inexpressible_a joy_n for_o the_o gain_n of_o so_o great_a a_o king_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o christ_n but_o for_o the_o civil_a order_n of_o his_o kingdom_n think_v his_o interess_a himself_o therein_o will_v be_v to_o little_a purpose_n for_o those_o law_n be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o christian_a commonwealth_n and_o that_o by_o they_o many_o thing_n be_v establish_v which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o those_o who_o profess_v the_o christian_a faith_n etc._n etc._n st._n bede_n mention_v these_o request_n of_o the_o king_n to_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la add_v present_o that_o he_o obtain_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o pious_a petition_n as_o to_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o concern_v his_o further_a instruction_n in_o christian_a religion_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o pope_n answer_n preserve_v to_o this_o day_n by_o matthew_n of_o
the_o shine_a lamp_n of_o his_o holy_a martyr_n the_o place_n of_o who_o suffering_n and_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o who_o body_n may_v inflame_v we_o with_o divine_a love_n be_v not_o a_o access_n to_o those_o place_n deny_v we_o by_o our_o barbarous_a enemy_n the_o place_n i_o mean_v where_o repose_v the_o body_n of_o st._n alban_n at_o verulam_n st._n aaron_n and_o julian_n at_o caerleon_n and_o many_o other_o in_o several_a quarter_n who_o have_v stand_v up_o courageous_o in_o our_o lord_n army_n of_o which_o the_o first_o st._n alban_n after_o he_o have_v with_o much_o charity_n entertain_v in_o his_o house_n and_o secure_v from_o danger_n the_o holy_a confessor_n st._n amphibalus_fw-la offer_v himself_o to_o persecution_n with_o wonderful_a miracle_n be_v in_o his_o confession_n glorify_v by_o god_n walk_v with_o thousand_o after_o he_o dry-foot_o over_o the_o river_n while_o the_o water_n stand_v as_o a_o rock_n on_o both_o side_n of_o they_o by_o which_o wonder_n his_o design_v executioner_n from_o a_o wolf_n become_v a_o lamb_n and_o valiant_o receive_v the_o triumphant_a palm_n of_o martyrdom_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o show_v here_o with_o what_o piety_n and_o reverence_n christian_n in_o all_o age_n behave_v themselves_o to_o ward_v the_o ash_n and_o sacred_a relic_n of_o our_o holy_a martyr_n the_o persecute_v infidel_n know_v this_o well_o use_v all_o manner_n of_o despite_n to_o these_o holy_a relic_n endeavour_v all_o they_o can_v to_o hide_v or_o consume_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o cast_v the_o ash_n before_o the_o wind_n the_o body_n of_o sebastiano_n who_o suffer_v soon_o after_o st._n alban_n they_o cast_v into_o a_o common_a sink_n lest_o the_o christian_n shall_v make_v he_o their_o martyr_n and_o again_o three_o year_n after_o the_o precedent_n threaten_v st._n tharacus_n that_o he_o will_v not_o dispatch_v he_o at_o once_o but_o will_v make_v a_o end_n of_o he_o by_o piecemeal_n and_o that_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o carcase_n shall_v be_v devour_v by_o beast_n tharacus_n bid_v he_o do_v what_o he_o do_v quick_o to_o who_o the_o precedent_n reply_v thou_o think_v villain_n that_o after_o thy_o death_n silly_a woman_n shall_v embalm_v thy_o body_n with_o rich_a unguent_n and_o spice_n but_o i_o will_v destroy_v thou_o and_o thy_o relic_n least_o foolish_a woman_n shall_v honour_v thou_o so_o and_o concern_v the_o martyr_n andronicus_n that_o precedent_n who_o condemn_v he_o decree_v he_o shall_v be_v consume_v to_o ash_n lest_o some_o of_o his_o consort_n or_o foolish_a woman_n shall_v gather_v up_o any_o of_o they_o and_o preserve_v they_o as_o if_o they_o be_v some_o precious_a or_o holy_a thing_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o when_o some_o devout_a christian_n endeavour_v to_o find_v their_o ash_n by_o night_n mingle_v and_o confound_v with_o other_o malefactor_n three_o bright_a torch_n like_o star_n appear_v over_o their_o body_n and_o conduct_v those_o devout_a christian_n to_o discover_v those_o ash_n and_o relic_n and_o decent_o to_o inter_v they_o this_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o christian_n in_o those_o day_n but_o condemn_v by_o the_o manichean_o as_o superstitious_a st._n augustine_n confute_v their_o error_n by_o distinguish_v the_o veneration_n due_a to_o saint_n which_o he_o call_v doulia_fw-la from_o the_o supreme_a degree_n of_o adoration_n due_n only_o to_o god_n which_o he_o term_v latria_n our_o gildas_n have_v thus_o relate_v the_o martyrdom_n of_o our_o proto-martyr_n st._n alban_n show_v what_o a_o change_n happen_v in_o britain_n nine_o year_n after_o when_o the_o fury_n of_o this_o persecution_n cease_v for_o then_o say_v he_o all_o the_o devout_a soldier_n of_o christ_n with_o joyful_a eye_n behold_v and_o receive_v the_o calm_a and_o lightsomness_n follow_v so_o tedious_a a_o winters-night_n then_o they_o begin_v to_o restore_v demolish_a church_n they_o new_o found_v sacred_a temple_n consecrate_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o holy_a martyr_n these_o they_o adorn_v and_o in_o they_o celebrate_v public_a festivity_n and_o pure_a sacrifice_n as_o manifest_a trophy_n after_o their_o victory_n this_o happy_a change_n begin_v soon_o after_o the_o tyrant_n carausius_n and_o alectus_fw-la be_v vanquish_v by_o constantius_n who_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 292._o be_v create_v caesar_n and_o receive_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n gregory_n the_o great_a be_v not_o then_o the_o first_o who_o bring_v into_o britain_n the_o custom_n of_o dedicate_a church_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o martyr_n for_o germanus_n and_o lupus_n before_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o saxon_n come_v into_o this_o island_n there_o to_o root_v out_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n and_o find_v here_o erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n alban_n in_o the_o place_n where_o by_o shed_v his_o blood_n he_o so_o triumph_v a_o famous_a church_n which_o with_o great_a devotion_n he_o visited_n and_o there_o pay_v his_o thanks_o to_o god_n for_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n he_o open_v the_o holy_a martyr_n sepulchre_n and_o as_o a_o honour_n to_o he_o repose_v in_o it_o several_a relic_n of_o apostle_n and_o martyr_n which_o he_o bring_v over_o out_o of_o france_n with_o he_o and_o because_o he_o will_v not_o depart_v without_o the_o holy_a martyr_n protection_n he_o take_v a_o lump_n of_o earth_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o martyr_n blood_n be_v shed_v and_o at_o his_o return_n into_o france_n carry_v it_o to_o his_o own_o see_v from_o whence_o the_o veneration_n of_o st._n alban_n spread_v itself_o over_o all_o france_n and_o after_o into_o germany_n also_o by_o a_o contest_v between_o the_o monk_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o ely_n in_o edward_z the_o ii_n time_n it_o be_v put_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o the_o body_n of_o this_o holy_a martyr_n be_v bury_v at_o st._n alban_n for_o the_o monk_n of_o ely_n contend_v before_o that_o king_n that_o the_o say_v martyr_n body_n lie_v among_o they_o the_o king_n command_v his_o pretend_a tomb_n there_o shall_v be_v open_v which_o be_v do_v nothing_o be_v find_v in_o it_o but_o a_o course_n hair-garment_n sprinkle_v with_o blood_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o as_o fresh_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v late_o shed_v which_o garment_n questionless_a be_v the_o caracalla_n beforementioned_a it_o be_v no_o wonder_n this_o poor_a garment_n shall_v with_o veneration_n be_v preserve_v by_o these_o monk_n of_o ely_n for_o god_n have_v declare_v this_o to_o be_v acceptable_a to_o he_o by_o many_o miracle_n witness_n st._n gregory_n nazianzen_n who_o have_v thus_o write_v that_o a_o little_a portion_n of_o dust_n a_o particle_n of_o bone_n a_o little_a hair_n part_n of_o the_o vestment_n the_o sprinkled_a mark_n of_o a_o martyr_n blood_n aught_o to_o have_v as_o much_o veneration_n as_o the_o whole_a body_n he_o add_v further_a that_o he_o have_v know_v where_o only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o martyr_n attribute_v to_o a_o place_n have_v produce_v the_o same_o virtue_n that_o his_o whole_a body_n will_v have_v do_v and_o then_o he_o cry_v out_o o_o wonful_n the_o memory_n alone_o of_o a_o martyr_n be_v sufficient_a in_o my_o opinion_n to_o confer_v health_n the_o first_o that_o here_o follow_v st._n alban_n in_o his_o rough_a way_n of_o martyrdom_n be_v st._n amphibalus_fw-la who_o first_o show_v he_o the_o way_n to_o heaven_n the_o constancy_n of_o st._n alban_n the_o miracle_n before_o and_o after_o his_o death_n stir_v up_o divers_a of_o those_o who_o be_v spectator_n of_o his_o death_n or_o amaze_v with_o the_o wonder_n which_o accompany_v it_o to_o abandon_v their_o idol_n and_o seek_v out_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la that_o from_o his_o lip_n the_o doctrive_v of_o christ_n may_v be_v instill_a into_o their_o heart_n to_o that_o purpose_n they_o undertake_v a_o journey_n into_o wales_n where_o they_o find_v he_o preach_v the_o word_n of_o life_n to_o the_o people_n of_o that_o region_n to_o he_o they_o present_v the_o cross_n which_o he_o have_v give_v to_o his_o disciple_n st._n alban_n and_o which_o be_v sprinkle_v with_o his_o fresh_a blood_n and_o so_o be_v a_o manifest_a token_n of_o his_o late_a martyrdom_n and_o upon_o which_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la after_o he_o have_v give_v thanks_o to_o god_n make_v a_o sermon_n of_o christian_a religion_n to_o his_o auditor_n in_o number_n about_o 1000_o who_o have_v hear_v the_o sermon_n embrace_v his_o doctrine_n and_o cheerful_o receive_v from_o his_o sacred_a hand_n as_o a_o seal_n of_o their_o faith_n the_o holy_a baptism_n the_o departure_n of_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n from_o verulam_n raise_v so_o great_a a_o animosity_n against_o those_o deserter_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o city_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infidel_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o pursue_v they_o with_o arm_a force_n hope_v to_o find_v amphibalus_fw-la in_o their_o company_n which_o they_o soon_o do_v and_o take_v he_o in_o
which_o discovery_n the_o rage_n of_o this_o empress_n be_v much_o restrain_v for_o these_o holy_a body_n be_v with_o due_a honour_n translate_v to_o the_o ambrosian_a church_n not_o only_o many_o vex_v with_o unclean_a spirit_n be_v heal_v but_o a_o citizen_n of_o milan_n who_o have_v be_v blind_a many_o year_n hear_v the_o noise_n and_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n desire_v to_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o say_a church_n and_o there_o obtain_v leave_v with_o his_o handkerchief_n to_o touch_v the_o coffin_n of_o those_o martyr_n and_o wipe_v his_o eye_n with_o the_o say_a handkerchief_n they_o be_v immediate_o open_v so_o as_o he_o see_v clear_o to_o the_o joy_n and_o astonishment_n of_o the_o beholder_n and_o whole_a city_n and_o although_o the_o fame_n hereof_o do_v not_o heal_v the_o empress_n full_o of_o her_o spiritual_a blindness_n yet_o it_o allay_v her_o fury_n against_o the_o holy_a bisohp_n st._n augustine_n himself_o then_o at_o milan_n give_v a_o large_a testimony_n of_o these_o miracle_n as_o also_o do_v st._n ambrose_n himself_o who_o further_o also_o declare_v that_o the_o devil_n themselves_o upon_o this_o occasion_n cast_v out_o confess_v it_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o power_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o martyr_n which_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v but_o to_o their_o excessive_a torment_n not_o long_o after_o this_o st._n augustine_n be_v say_v to_o have_v return_v to_o his_o own_o country_n in_o africa_n but_o by_o the_o way_n at_o ostia_n to_o have_v lose_v his_o bless_a mother_n monica_n of_o who_o in_o his_o confession_n he_o write_v that_o when_o the_o day_n of_o her_o dissolution_n be_v at_o hand_n she_o make_v it_o her_o request_n that_o commemoration_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o she_o at_o god_n altar_n from_o whence_o she_o know_v the_o holy_a sacrifice_n and_o victim_n be_v dispense_v and_o by_o which_o she_o hope_v to_o blot_v out_o the_o handwriting_n against_o she_o and_o joyful_o to_o triumph_v over_o the_o devil_n after_o the_o death_n of_o maximus_n theodosius_n leave_v valentinian_n emperor_n of_o the_o west_n add_v to_o his_o government_n gaul_n britain_n and_o spain_n infest_a with_o tyrant_n but_o before_o he_o entrust_v he_o with_o this_o great_a charge_n the_o pious_a emperor_n theodosius_n instruct_v he_o in_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n which_o he_o the_o more_o easy_o do_v in_o regard_n justina_n valentinian_n mother_n be_v then_o late_o dead_a the_o year_n follow_v break_v forth_o a_o heresy_n since_o renew_v by_o luther_n justify_v such_o as_o renounce_v their_o monastical_a profession_n and_o approve_v the_o incestuous_a embrace_n of_o consecrate_a nun_n jovinian_a a_o apostate_n monk_n be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o heresy_n and_o public_o be_v declare_v a_o heretic_n for_o it_o by_o pope_n siricius_n st._n hierom_n st._n ambrose_n and_o st._n augustine_n write_v against_o this_o heresy_n in_o particular_a st._n hierom_n term_v it_o venomous_a doctrine_n in_o three_o respect_n first_o for_o that_o it_o affirm_v virgin_n widow_n and_o marry_a woman_n be_v baptise_a to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o merit_n in_o case_n they_o differ_v not_o in_o other_o work_n second_o that_o those_o who_o with_o a_o complete_a faith_n have_v be_v regenerate_v by_o baptism_n can_v afterward_o be_v subvert_v by_o the_o devil_n three_o that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o point_n of_o merit_n between_o fast_v from_o meat_n and_o receive_v they_o with_o thanksgiving_n siricius_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n give_v this_o character_n of_o jovinian_a that_o he_o be_v a_o imitator_n of_o the_o devil_n a_o enemy_n of_o chastity_n a_o teacher_n of_o luxury_n a_o hater_n of_o abstinence_n and_o lover_n of_o gluttony_n in_o opposition_n to_o which_o doctrine_n a_o synod_n be_v assemble_v by_o the_o same_o holy_a pope_n wherein_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o vow_n of_o marriage_n be_v not_o to_o be_v disparage_v yet_o great_a honour_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o 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precious_a and_o venerable_a be_v virginity_n especial_o here_o that_o fast_v and_o abstinence_n be_v frequent_o use_v and_o seminary_n of_o chastity_n in_o great_a number_n erect_v and_o plentiful_o endow_v the_o young_a emperor_n valentinian_n after_o a_o troublesome_a reign_n of_o four_o year_n be_v slay_v near_o i_o yond_o be_v before_o his_o death_n he_o desire_v baptism_n but_o live_v not_o to_o obtain_v it_o after_o his_o death_n the_o tyrant_n eugenius_n invade_v the_o western_a empire_n he_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o christian_n but_o be_v indeed_o addict_v to_o heathenish_a superstition_n he_o be_v soon_o slay_v by_o theodosius_n who_o prepare_v himself_o to_o encounter_v this_o tyrant_n not_o so_o much_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n as_o with_o prayer_n and_o fast_v he_o keep_v watch_v rather_o in_o the_o church_n than_o the_o camp_n lie_v prostrate_a in_o the_o company_n both_o of_o his_o priest_n and_o people_n before_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o martyr_n cover_v with_o sackcloth_n and_o beg_v divine_a assistance_n the_o general_n employ_v in_o this_o expedition_n be_v stilico_n call_v out_o of_o britain_n after_o he_o have_v free_v the_o country_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o plant_v a_o roman_a legion_n to_o secure_v the_o northern_a border_n the_o holy_a young_a man_n st._n ninian_n before_o mention_v about_o this_o time_n show_v forth_o the_o glorious_a fruit_n of_o his_o pious_a education_n under_o the_o holy_a pope_n damasus_n and_o siricius_n for_o he_o then_o be_v new_o consecrate_a bishop_n and_o send_v back_o into_o his_o own_o country_n to_o preach_v the_o save_v truth_n of_o christ_n gospel_n to_o the_o rude_a nation_n of_o the_o southern_a pict_n seat_v between_o cumberland_n and_o the_o bay_n of_o dunbritton_n this_o man_n of_o god_n in_o his_o return_n from_o rome_n be_v desirous_a to_o visit_v the_o glorious_a bishop_n st._n martin_n at_o tours_n by_o who_o he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v and_o very_o much_o esteem_v as_o a_o person_n of_o extraordinary_a sanctity_n and_o like_a to_o prove_v a_o happy_a instrument_n of_o salvation_n to_o many_o be_v dismiss_v by_o st._n martin_n he_o arrive_v at_o the_o place_n where_o he_o design_v to_o settle_v and_o there_o find_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n who_o it_o seem_v have_v notice_n of_o his_o return_n and_o ready_o receive_v he_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o devotion_n as_o a_o great_a prophet_n he_o first_o begin_v to_o root_v up_o their_o ill_n plant_v superstition_n to_o disperse_v their_o long_a gather_v wicked_a custom_n and_o to_o demolish_v their_o impious_a idolatry_n and_o have_v so_o purge_v their_o mind_n from_o error_n he_o instruct_v they_o in_o all_o the_o duty_n belong_v to_o good_a christian_n and_o by_o his_o work_n and_o example_n show_v they_o a_o pattern_n of_o all_o virtue_n and_o piety_n confirm_v all_o by_o frequent_a miracle_n he_o choose_v for_o his_o seat_n of_o episcopal_a residence_n a_o place_n afterward_o call_v witehern_a seat_v near_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o almost_o encompass_v it_o have_v only_o one_o passage_n to_o it_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o as_o say_v cambden_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o novantes_fw-la now_o call_v galloway_n this_o episcopal_a seat_n by_o the_o latin_a writer_n be_v name_v candida_n casa_n or_o the_o white-house_n and_o be_v here_o erect_v by_o ninianus_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o theodosius_n and_o thus_o as_o st._n bede_n also_o confirm_v the_o southern_a pict_n receive_v the_o true_a faith_n by_o the_o preach_a of_o this_o holy_a man._n many_o year_n he_o spend_v in_o his_o apostolical_a office_n for_o his_o death_n ensue_v not_o till_o 38_o year_n after_o his_o first_o entrance_n he_o consecrate_a bishop_n ordain_v priest_n divide_v the_o country_n into_o parish_n more_o will_v be_v say_v of_o he_o hereafter_o when_o his_o death_n be_v to_o be_v relate_v observe_v this_o
king_n consent_n where_o a_o church_n be_v build_v and_o dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o prime_a apostle_n st._n peter_n that_o a_o archepiscopal_a see_v be_v here_o thus_o plant_v may_v be_v some_o mistake_n for_o when_o that_o see_v be_v transplant_v to_o caerleon_n a_o archepiscopal_a see_v indeed_o be_v establish_v there_o so_o that_o it_o may_v rather_o seem_v that_o only_o a_o episcopal_a see_v be_v erect_v at_o landaff_n by_o mouricus_n who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v son_n of_o theodoric_n prince_n of_o morgannia_n or_o glamorganshire_n which_o prince_n as_o bishop_n godwin_n relate_v resign_v his_o principality_n and_o embrace_v a_o monastical_a or_o hermitical_a life_n but_o after_o when_o the_o saxon_n invade_v the_o land_n he_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o his_o cell_n to_o be_v leader_n of_o a_o army_n and_o courageous_o rush_v among_o the_o enemy_n receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n for_o which_o merit_n he_o be_v enroll_v in_o the_o number_n of_o martyr_n st._n german_n next_o care_n after_o ordain_v bishop_n be_v to_o visit_v the_o school_n the_o source_n of_o learning_n and_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v study_v or_o rather_o teach_v for_o sometime_o in_o oxford_n and_o establish_v good_a order_n there_o concern_v which_o we_o may_v find_v a_o illustrious_a testimony_n of_o our_o learned_a countryman_n asserius_fw-la who_o live_v about_o 800._o year_n since_o and_o treat_v of_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o student_n of_o oxford_n and_o grimbaldus_n who_o king_n alfred_n have_v call_v out_o of_o france_n to_o govern_v that_o university_n affirm_v that_o the_o scholar_n prove_v by_o unquestionable_a testimony_n of_o ancient_a annal_n that_o the_o order_n and_o institutes_n of_o that_o place_n which_o grimbaldus_n seek_v to_o change_v have_v be_v establish_v by_o pious_a and_o learned_a man_n as_o gildas_n melkin_n nemri_n kentigern_n and_o other_o who_o all_o grow_v old_a in_o their_o study_n there_o and_o administer_v all_o thing_n in_o peace_n and_o concord_n affirm_v they_o further_o show_v that_o st._n germanus_n come_v to_o oxford_n and_o abode_n there_o half_a a_o year_n approve_v wonderful_o their_o order_n and_o institution_n whether_o this_o be_v not_o a_o late_a addition_n to_o asserius_fw-la be_v suspect_v by_o some_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o inquire_v what_o doctrine_n be_v teach_v by_o st._n germanus_n to_o who_o this_o country_n of_o we_o be_v so_o much_o behold_v for_o by_o this_o enquiry_n it_o may_v appear_v whether_o st._n augustine_n the_o monk_n send_v by_o st._n gregory_n the_o great_a in_o the_o follow_a age_n to_o convert_v the_o saxon_n teach_v they_o a_o religion_n differ_v from_o that_o which_o st._n german_a profess_v we_o need_v go_v no_o further_o in_o this_o enquiry_n then_o to_o mr._n selden_n well_o know_v to_o be_v learned_a in_o antiquity_n the_o six_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n call_v analecta_n anglo-britanica_a touch_v the_o practice_n of_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n wherewith_o germanus_n and_o lupus_n bishop_n embue_v the_o britain_n may_v easy_o satisfy_v we_o in_o this_o particular_a where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o germanus_n bishop_n of_o auxerre_n and_o lupus_n bishop_n of_o troy_n in_o gaul_n come_v into_o britain_n to_o restore_v christian_a religion_n deprave_v by_o the_o heresy_n of_o pelagius_n and_o error_n of_o pagan_n the_o doctrine_n say_v he_o teach_v by_o they_o as_o the_o fame_n be_v which_o also_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la testify_v be_v as_o follow_v first_o of_o every_o loaf_n of_o bread_n set_v before_o they_o one_o corner_n they_o give_v to_o the_o poor_a second_o they_o sit_v three_o together_o at_o dinner_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o trinity_n three_o if_o any_o meet_v a_o religious_a monk_n or_o clergyman_n in_o the_o way_n or_o any_o one_o in_o a_o religious_a habit_n he_o will_v present_o lay_v aside_o his_o weapon_n and_o with_o a_o low_a inclination_n of_o his_o head_n demand_v his_o benediction_n four_o general_o all_o the_o people_n earnest_o demand_v episcopal_a confirmation_n and_o inunction_n with_o holy_a chrism_n by_o which_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v confer_v five_o they_o sometime_o bestow_v the_o tithe_n of_o all_o their_o substance_n cattle_n and_o sheep_n either_o when_o they_o marry_v or_o undertake_v some_o long_a pilgrimage_n or_o by_o the_o church_n order_v submit_v to_o some_o extraordinary_a penance_n for_o their_o sin_n this_o they_o call_v the_o great_a tithe_n and_o two_o part_n thereof_o they_o bestow_v on_o the_o church_n where_o they_o be_v baptise_a the_o three_o they_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n six_o beyond_o all_o other_o external_n labour_n of_o mortification_n they_o be_v most_o devote_v to_o pilgrimage_n undertake_v to_o rome_n to_o visit_v the_o monument_n of_o the_o apostle_n seven_o beyond_o any_o other_o nation_n they_o express_v a_o devout_a reverence_n to_o church_n and_o churchman_n to_o relic_n of_o saint_n to_o portable_a bell_n sacred_a book_n and_o the_o holy_a cross_n and_o this_o devotion_n have_v be_v reward_v with_o great_a peace_n than_o any_o other_o church_n enjoy_v eight_o entire_a security_n be_v observe_v in_o regard_n of_o beast_n seed_v not_o only_a in_o the_o churchyard_n but_o beyond_o they_o through_o all_o ground_n enclose_v with_o ditch_n which_o bishop_n design_v for_o observation_n of_o peace_n and_o indemnity_n and_o great_a church_n to_o which_o antiquity_n always_o afford_v great_a reverence_n have_v power_n to_o grant_v and_o enjoin_v the_o observation_n of_o such_o peace_n and_o security_n for_o cattle_n whilst_o in_o the_o morning_n they_o go_v and_o at_o evening_n they_o return_v from_o their_o pasture_n this_o peace_n be_v preserve_v so_o inviolable_a that_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v incur_v the_o mortal_a indignation_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o seek_v refuge_n in_o a_o church_n he_o may_v enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o this_o peace_n both_o for_o his_o person_n and_o good_n though_o indeed_o from_o such_o large_a immunity_n beyond_o the_o ancient_a canon_n which_o in_o such_o case_n allow_v safety_n of_o life_n to_o a_o man_n body_n occasion_n of_o great_a abuse_n have_v be_v take_v scarce_o any_o one_o of_o these_o christian_a practice_n but_o be_v allow_v by_o st._n augustine_n yet_o be_v st._n augustine_n by_o some_o in_o those_o day_n condemn_v and_o st._n german_n absolve_v our_o ancestor_n indeed_o to_o testify_v their_o high_a esteem_n of_o the_o venerable_a bishop_n st._n german_n sanctity_n approve_v by_o miracle_n after_o his_o death_n build_v chapel_n and_o church_n to_o his_o honour_n on_o one_o of_o which_o cambden_n thus_o write_v in_o cornwall_n near_o the_o river_n liver_n there_o be_v a_o village_n name_v from_o st._n german_n to_o which_o during_o the_o danish_a tumult_n the_o episcopal_n see_v of_o that_o province_n be_v transfer_v out_o of_o fear_n as_o to_o a_o place_n more_o remote_a and_o secure_a there_o a_o church_n have_v be_v erect_v and_o consecrate_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n germanus_n who_o extirpated_a the_o pellagian_a heresy_n arise_v a_o new_a among_o the_o britain_n in_o yorkshire_n likewise_o a_o famous_a monastery_n be_v consecrate_a to_o he_o the_o river_n owse_n water_n selby_n a_o town_n well_o people_v there_o king_n william_n the_o i._o found_v a_o church_n in_o memory_n of_o st._n german_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v wound_v to_o death_n the_o many_o head_v hydra_n of_o pelagianism_n often_o quell_v and_o often_o revive_v again_o the_o abbot_n of_o this_o monastery_n and_o of_o st._n mary_n at_o york_n be_v the_o only_a northern_a abbot_n which_o have_v seat_n in_o parliament_n the_o memory_n of_o st._n german_n be_v also_o much_o celebrate_v among_o the_o silures_n in_o north-wales_n for_o from_o he_o a_o part_n of_o radnor-shire_n be_v call_v guarthenian_a for_o as_o nennius_n relate_v vortimer_n the_o son_n of_o vortigern_n to_o satisfy_v for_o injury_n do_v by_o his_o father_n to_o st._n german_n dedicate_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n to_o he_o where_o he_o have_v be_v chief_o wrong_v in_o memory_n whereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o guartheny_n which_o in_o the_o british_a language_n signify_v a_o calumny_n just_o retort_v hitherto_o since_o the_o roman_n relinquish_v their_o care_n of_o britain_n the_o province_n of_o the_o island_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o petty-prince_n independent_a one_o of_o another_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 438._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a inroad_n of_o their_o cruel_a enemy_n the_o pict_n and_o scot_n by_o common_a agreement_n of_o the_o province_n a_o general_a captain_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v choose_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ancestor_n in_o the_o day_n of_o julius_n caesar_n and_o the_o kingdom_n establish_v in_o that_o captain_n line_n the_o choice_n unhappy_o fall_v upon_o vortigern_n bear_v for_o the_o destruction_n of_o his_o country_n he_o be_v a_o man_n void_a both_o of_o courage_n
and_o council_n addict_v whole_o to_o carnal_a pleasure_n the_o slave_n of_o most_o vice_n especial_o of_o avarice_n pride_n and_o luxury_n he_o solicit_v and_o with_o the_o hope_n of_o make_v she_o a_o queen_n deflower_v his_o own_o daughter_n and_o of_o she_o get_v a_o son_n who_o by_o miracle_n notwithstanding_o his_o incestuous_a birth_n through_o divine_a grace_n become_v a_o saint_n and_o be_v name_v st._n sanctus_n the_o wife_n of_o vortigern_n be_v equal_a to_o he_o in_o birth_n but_o unlike_a in_o disposition_n by_o she_o he_o have_v three_o son_n vortimer_n catigern_n and_o pascentius_n while_o she_o live_v he_o govern_v with_o moderation_n but_o after_o her_o death_n he_o loose_v the_o reins_o to_o all_o wickedness_n for_o which_o be_v reprove_v by_o st._n german_n and_o in_o a_o synod_n excommunicate_v he_o revenge_v himself_o by_o inflict_v the_o forementioned_a injury_n and_o calumny_n upon_o the_o holy_a bishop_n before_o his_o election_n to_o the_o universal_a 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diocese_n the_o space_n of_o 30_o year_n not_o long_o after_o be_v in_o a_o journey_n he_o breathe_v forth_o his_o spotless_a soul_n his_o body_n be_v carry_v back_o to_o the_o church_n which_o himself_o have_v build_v and_o there_o with_o great_a honour_n inter_v and_o frequent_a miracle_n be_v say_v to_o be_v wrought_v at_o his_o relic_n thus_o as_o he_o give_v his_o name_n to_o the_o monastery_n town_n and_o mother-church_n of_o that_o diocese_n so_o he_o also_o afford_v continual_a protection_n to_o they_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 439._o st._n patrick_n have_v spend_v 8_o year_n in_o ireland_n and_o then_o return_v into_o britain_n have_v fix_v his_o episcopal_a chair_n at_o armagh_n after_o that_o he_o be_v say_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o apostolic_a see_v to_o ratify_v his_o proceed_n as_o he_o be_v advise_v by_o a_o angel_n of_o our_o lord_n after_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o he_o retire_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastonbury_n and_o there_o end_v his_o day_n as_o 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lefthand_n wither_a and_o be_v not_o restore_v till_o he_o have_v acquaint_v his_o brethren_n with_o what_o he_o have_v see_v this_o chart_n st._n patrick_n leave_v with_o two_o devout_a irish_a monk_n arnulphus_n and_o ogmar_n his_o companion_n who_o resolve_v to_o attend_v on_o that_o chapel_n the_o holy_a bishop_n further_o relate_v that_o he_o confer_v a_o indulgence_n of_o 100_o day_n on_o those_o who_o by_o cut_v down_o wood_n clear_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o devout_a visitant_n of_o the_o chapel_n consecrate_a by_o our_o lord_n himself_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o most_o bless_a mother_n at_o his_o return_n from_o rome_n st._n patrick_n bring_v with_o he_o some_o relic_n of_o the_o holy_a apostle_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n and_o of_o st._n stephen_n the_o bless_a deacon_n and_o martyr_n with_o a_o linen-cloth_n sprinkle_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n which_o holy_a relic_n be_v reserve_v there_o behind_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n patrick_n
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britain_n with_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o sanctity_n he_o live_v a_o solitary_a anachoretical_a life_n in_o the_o province_n now_o call_v glamorganshire_n probable_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o yet_o remain_v a_o chapel_n call_v st._n keneth_n chapel_n leave_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o his_o sanctity_n as_o cambden_n witness_n the_o celebrate_v this_o synod_n be_v the_o last_o public_a action_n we_o find_v record_v of_o st._n david_n he_o will_v not_o accept_v of_o metropolitical_a jurisdiction_n but_o upon_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v transfer_v the_o see_v from_o caerleon_n to_o menevia_n a_o place_n of_o remoteness_n and_o solitude_n and_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o many_o saint_n and_o religious_a person_n in_o the_o island_n and_o territory_n adjoin_v and_o therefore_o most_o acceptable_a to_o he_o which_o translation_n be_v approve_v by_o king_n arthur_n and_o the_o synod_n not_o then_o dissolve_v this_o menevia_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o dimetae_n 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a_o suit_n against_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o their_o former_a right_n and_o independance_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v judge_v against_o they_o the_o pastoral_a care_n and_o zeal_n of_o st._n david_n in_o maintain_v the_o catholic_n faith_n against_o heresy_n especial_o against_o pelagianism_n and_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n against_o vice_n and_o disorder_n be_v signal_o approve_v and_o manifest_v in_o the_o synod_n of_o victory_n assemble_v by_o he_o ten_o year_n after_o his_o consecration_n neither_o be_v this_o his_o pastoral_n care_v confine_v to_o his_o own_o province_n but_o extend_v itself_o abroad_o also_o even_o to_o ireland_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v often_o visit_v and_o consult_v by_o devout_a man_n in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v a_o frequent_a custom_n among_o the_o irishman_n to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n and_o their_o devotion_n be_v to_o visit_v the_o monument_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o rome_n among_o the_o rest_n one_o barro_n a_o abbot_n in_o the_o province_n of_o cork_n go_v thither_o and_o in_o his_o return_n pass_v by_o menevia_n where_o he_o stay_v for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o wind._n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o devout_a irishman_n either_o in_o their_o go_n or_o return_v to_o seek_v the_o conversation_n of_o the_o holy_a bishop_n david_n who_o name_n like_o a_o precious_a fragrant_a ointment_n be_v spread_v all_o abroad_o it_o appear_v by_o bishop_n vsher_n catalogue_n that_o irish_a saint_n be_v to_o be_v sort_v into_o several_a order_n according_a to_o the_o time_n wherein_o they_o live_v the_o first_o order_n be_v of_o such_o as_o live_v either_o contemporary_n with_o st._n patrick_n or_o present_o after_o he_o the_o second_o order_n contain_a such_o saint_n as_o live_v about_o this_o age_n such_o as_o be_v st._n finanus_fw-la call_v by_o the_o irish_a fin_n and_o by_o the_o britain_n gain_n or_o win_v st._n brendon_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v say_v the_o saint_n of_o
english_a upon_o which_o the_o holy_a pope_n perceive_v that_o he_o be_v a_o sincere_a man_n of_o god_n confirm_v his_o consecration_n know_v it_o come_v from_o god._n moreover_n at_o the_o earnest_a request_n of_o st._n kentigern_n though_o with_o some_o unwillingness_n he_o condescend_v to_o supply_v those_o small_a defect_n which_o be_v in_o his_o consecration_n and_o so_o dismiss_v he_o to_o the_o work_n of_o his_o ministry_n enjoin_v he_o by_o the_o holy-ghost_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v nothing_o essential_o necessary_a in_o this_o consecration_n be_v omit_v because_o the_o holy_a pope_n supply_v the_o defect_n mere_o upon_o importunity_n the_o great_a fault_n the_o holy_a bishop_n can_v impute_v to_o himself_o be_v his_o be_v consecrate_a by_o one_o only_a bishop_n against_o the_o express_a canon_n of_o a_o general_n council_n though_o indeed_o consider_v the_o danger_n and_o unquietness_n of_o the_o time_n if_o the_o word_n of_o the_o canon_n be_v transgress_v yet_o the_o intent_n be_v not_o as_o not_o oblige_v to_o impossibility_n and_o this_o sense_n of_o the_o canon_n appear_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o st._n gregory_n to_o st._n augustine_n that_o he_o be_v the_o only_a bishop_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la may_v himself_o alone_o ordain_v other_o bishop_n it_o be_v say_v of_o this_o st._n kentigern_n that_o during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n his_o custom_n be_v to_o eat_v only_o every_o three_o day_n and_o sometime_o every_o four_o his_o food_n be_v bread_n milk_n cheese_n and_o butter_n he_o always_o abstain_v from_o flesh_n and_o wine_n or_o any_o other_o drink_v which_o can_v distemper_n next_o his_o skin_n he_o wear_v a_o very_a rough_a hair-cloath_n and_o over_o that_o a_o garment_n make_v of_o goatskin_n together_o with_o a_o close_a cowle_n and_o his_o uppermost_a clothing_n be_v a_o white_a albe_n he_o always_o wear_v a_o steal_v and_o carry_v a_o pastoral_a staff_n or_o crosier_n not_o spherical_a gild_a or_o set_v with_o precious_a stone_n but_o of_o simple_a wood_n bow_v back_o at_o the_o top_n and_o in_o his_o hand_n he_o ever_o hold_v a_o book_n thus_o be_v he_o always_o in_o readiness_n to_o exercise_v his_o function_n whenever_o necessity_n or_o reason_n require_v he_o lay_v in_o a_o stone_n chest_n make_v hollow_a like_o a_o bier_n under_o his_o head_n lie_v a_o stone_n and_o under_o his_o body_n be_v cast_v cinder_n and_o cilice_fw-la of_o hair_n in_o which_o posture_n with_o some_o unwillingness_n he_o admit_v a_o short_a sleep_n after_o which_o he_o will_v plunge_v himself_o into_o cold_a water_n and_o so_o recite_v the_o whole_a psalter_n this_o practice_n neither_o snow_n nor_o rain_n interrupt_v nor_o any_o thing_n but_o sickness_n or_o journey_v he_o six_v his_o episcopal_n see_v in_o the_o city_n of_o glasco_n where_o he_o also_o ordain_v a_o great_a congregation_n of_o religious_a man_n who_o live_v according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n in_o community_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o infidel_n in_o his_o diocese_n he_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n apostate_n and_o heretic_n by_o his_o sound_a doctrine_n he_o reduce_v to_o the_o bosom_n of_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n he_o every_o where_o throw_v down_o idol_n and_o image_n of_o devil_n and_o build_v some_o church_n he_o distinguish_v parish_n by_o their_o certain_a bound_n he_o be_v always_o travel_v to_o gain_v soul_n to_o god_n never_o ride_v but_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o apostle_n always_o go_v on_o foot_n and_o because_o he_o will_v not_o eat_v his_o bread_n in_o idleness_n his_o custom_n be_v to_o labour_v with_o his_o hand_n in_o agriculture_n about_o this_o time_n our_o famous_a king_n arthur_n upon_o some_o unknown_a occasion_n abroad_o leave_v the_o administration_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o nephew_n mordred_n son_n of_o loath_a king_n of_o the_o pict_n by_o his_o sister_n mordred_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o his_o uncle_n invade_v his_o throne_n upon_o pretence_n king_n arthur_n be_v a_o bastard_n and_o bear_v out_o of_o lawful_a marriage_n to_o this_o treason_n the_o traitor_n add_v the_o crime_n of_o incest_n violent_o take_v his_o uncle_n wife_n queen_n guenhumara_n and_o to_o strengthen_v himself_o he_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a to_o who_o he_o yield_v up_o several_a province_n this_o infamous_a crime_n soon_o bring_v king_n arthur_n back_o into_o britain_n inflame_v with_o rage_n against_o his_o abominable_a kinsman_n mordred_n be_v prepare_v to_o hinder_v his_o land_n where_o a_o cruel_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o they_o in_o which_o auguselus_n king_n of_o albania_n and_o walwan_n another_o nephew_n of_o king_n arthur_n be_v slay_v notwithstanding_o which_o at_o last_o king_n arthur_n with_o infinite_a difficulty_n land_v and_o renew_v the_o fight_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o enemy_n compel_v mordred_n to_o fly_v to_o winchester_n whither_o he_o be_v pursue_v by_o king_n arthur_n where_o in_o a_o second_o battle_n after_o much_o bloodshed_n he_o be_v again_o put_v to_o flight_n towards_o cornwall_n but_o king_n arthur_n not_o cease_v to_o follow_v at_o last_o overtake_v he_o near_o the_o river_n camblan_n where_o mordred_n have_v range_v his_o force_n in_o a_o desperate_a fury_n rush_v among_o his_o enemy_n resolve_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o once_o more_o to_o show_v his_o back_n to_o they_o in_o this_o combat_n which_o continue_v almost_o a_o whole_a day_n after_o horrible_a bloodshed_n on_o both_o side_n king_n arthur_n with_o the_o courage_n and_o fury_n of_o a_o lion_n rush_v into_o the_o troop_n where_o he_o know_v mordred_n be_v and_o make_v way_n with_o his_o sword_n at_o last_o with_o horrible_a slaughter_n disperse_v the_o enemy_n there_o fall_v the_o traitor_n mordred_n and_o with_o he_o several_a saxon_a commander_n elaphius_n egbrith_n and_o bruning_n and_o many_o thousand_o with_o they_o but_o this_o victory_n cost_v king_n arthur_n his_o life_n for_o in_o the_o combat_n he_o receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n and_o be_v convey_v by_o the_o charity_n of_o a_o kinswoman_n of_o he_o a_o noble_a matron_n call_v morganis_n into_o the_o island_n of_o avallonia_n now_o glastonbury_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o foolish_a british_a bard_n to_o invent_v the_o story_n of_o morganis_n a_o fairy_n goddess_n who_o carry_v the_o body_n of_o king_n arthur_n into_o avallonia_n by_o magic_a skill_n with_o promise_n to_o cure_v his_o wound_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v return_v with_o his_o former_a strength_n and_o courage_n to_o govern_v the_o britain_n who_o for_o many_o age_n expect_v his_o return_n as_o foolish_o as_o the_o come_n of_o the_o messiah_n be_v look_v for_o by_o the_o jew_n when_o guenhumara_n hear_v of_o her_o husband_n return_n she_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n of_o caerleon_n and_o there_o take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o religious_a woman_n among_o the_o nun_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n julius_n the_o martyr_n the_o true_a reason_n why_o king_n arthur_n will_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastonbury_n doubtless_o be_v partly_o to_o prepare_v himself_o more_o perfect_o for_o death_n in_o the_o company_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o holy_a monk_n there_o and_o that_o after_o his_o death_n he_o may_v be_v bury_v among_o such_o a_o world_n of_o saint_n as_o repose_v there_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o christianity_n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o constantine_n who_o for_o the_o like_a purpose_n be_v bury_v in_o like_a manner_n that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o prayer_n of_o such_o as_o in_o succeed_a age_n shall_v come_v to_o visit_v those_o monument_n king_n arthur_n before_o his_o death_n give_v to_o that_o monastery_n brent_n march_n poulden_a and_o other_o land_n beside_o which_o the_o pagan_a angli_fw-la take_v away_o but_o after_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n restore_v with_o advantage_n king_n arthur_n appoint_v for_o his_o successor_n a_o kinsman_n of_o his_o call_a constantine_n and_o have_v recommend_v himself_o to_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o monk_n he_o die_v happy_o and_o after_o a_o christian_a manner_n be_v bury_v with_o a_o cross_n his_o conveyance_n to_o glastonbury_n be_v it_o seem_v by_o his_o own_o order_n and_o do_v with_o all_o secrecy_n and_o by_o like_a order_n his_o death_n and_o place_n of_o burial_n studious_o conceal_v for_o say_z matthew_z paris_z the_o king_n die_v be_v desirous_a to_o be_v hide_v lest_o his_o enemy_n shall_v insult_v and_o his_o friend_n be_v molest_v at_o so_o great_a a_o calamity_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o history_n relate_v little_a or_o nothing_o of_o his_o death_n and_o burial_n insomuch_o as_o the_o british_a nation_n out_o of_o their_o affection_n to_o he_o contend_v that_o he_o be_v still_o alive_a upon_o which_o occasion_n the_o prophecy_n be_v invent_v and_o father_v upon_o merlin_n that_o he_o shall_v appear_v and_o
authority_n now_o the_o say_a island_n be_v usual_o govern_v by_o a_o abbot_n who_o be_v a_o priest_n to_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a province_n and_o even_a bishop_n themselves_o by_o a_o custom_n no_o where_o else_o practise_v aught_o to_o be_v subject_a according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o their_o first_o teacher_n s_o columba_n who_o be_v only_o a_o priest_n and_o monk_n and_o no_o bishop_n of_o who_o life_n and_o say_n many_o strange_a thing_n be_v extant_a compile_v by_o his_o disciple_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n soever_o he_o be_v sure_o we_o be_v he_o leave_v successor_n famous_a for_o their_o great_a continency_n divine_a love_n and_o regular_a institution_n the_o companion_n to_o st._n columba_n be_v say_v to_o be_v twelve_o who_o come_v with_o he_o into_o albion_n eminent_o endue_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n and_o adorn_v with_o great_a sanctity_n their_o name_n be_v bathemius_n and_o cominus_fw-la afterward_o superior_n over_o monastery_n and_o no_o mean_a ornament_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n among_o the_o scot_n also_o cibthacus_fw-la and_o ethernau_n nephew_n to_o st._n columba_n and_o priest_n moreover_o domitius_n rutius_fw-la and_o fethuo_fw-la man_n illustrious_a for_o their_o descent_n but_o more_o for_o their_o piety_n last_o scandalaus_fw-la eglodeus_fw-la totaveus_n moteser_n and_o gallan_n these_o man_n after_o travel_v through_o the_o region_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n in_o teach_v dispute_v and_o write_v imbue_v both_o those_o nation_n with_o virtuous_a manner_n and_o true_a religion_n the_o scotish_n writer_n add_v one_o companion_n more_o to_o st._n columba_n namely_o st._n constantine_n former_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o repent_v his_o crime_n sharp_o reprove_v by_o gildas_n become_v a_o monk_n and_o go_v with_o st._n columba_n into_o scotland_n where_o he_o preach_v the_o faith_n to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n he_o build_v a_o monastery_n in_o govane_n near_o the_o river_n cluid_n which_o he_o govern_v as_o abbot_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o kentire_n where_o he_o likewise_o die_v a_o martyr_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o monastery_n in_o govan_n the_o king_n who_o bestow_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n upon_o st._n columba_n and_o by_o the_o eminence_n of_o his_o piety_n draw_v he_o thither_o be_v say_v to_o be_v st._n comgal_n or_o conval_n king_n of_o dalrieda_n at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o far_o from_o st._n columba_n live_v st._n kentigern_n late_o return_v to_o his_o bishopric_n of_o glasco_n to_o who_o no_o doubt_n st._n columba_n be_v a_o officious_a assistant_n in_o his_o apostolic_a office._n of_o the_o solemn_a meeting_n of_o these_o two_o saint_n with_o their_o disciple_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a agreement_n between_o these_o two_o saint_n and_o their_o disciple_n be_v no_o doubt_n and_o between_o they_o and_o st._n augustine_n also_o except_o in_o one_o rite_n or_o ceremony_n about_o the_o time_n of_o keep_v easter_n upon_o which_o inconsiderable_a difference_n some_o will_v infer_v that_o the_o british_a church_n receive_v their_o faith_n from_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o not_o from_o rome_n st._n columba_n have_v spend_v more_o than_o 30_o year_n in_o this_o place_n and_o service_n he_o impatient_o beg_v of_o god_n to_o end_v his_o pilgrimage_n after_o his_o prayer_n end_v he_o see_v in_o a_o vision_n certain_a angel_n approach_v to_o he_o to_o conduct_v his_o soul_n to_o heaven_n which_o sight_n be_v so_o joyful_a to_o he_o that_o his_o disciple_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o but_o this_o sight_n be_v soon_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o the_o angel_n tell_v he_o that_o upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o pictish_a church_n god_n have_v add_v four_o year_n more_o to_o his_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 597._o the_o same_o year_n st._n angustine_n come_v into_o britain_n this_o holy_a man_n die_v and_o his_o holy_a body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v after_o translate_v or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o into_o ireland_n and_o repose_v in_o the_o church_n of_o dun-patrick_n by_o a_o inscription_n on_o his_o monument_n it_o be_v signify_v that_o in_o that_o one_o tomb_n three_o saint_n st._n patrick_n st._n bridget_n and_o st._n columba_n do_v repose_v hitherto_o the_o saxon_a prince_n have_v employ_v their_o force_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o now_o find_v little_a resistance_n from_o they_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o one_o another_o for_o three_o year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o st._n columba_n into_o britain_n ceaulin_n and_o cutha_n move_v a_o civil_a war_n against_o ethelbert_n which_o ethelbert_n the_o rather_o enter_v into_o because_o the_o power_n of_o ceaulin_n so_o much_o increase_v that_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o monarch_n hereupon_o ethelbert_n a_o valiant_a young_a prince_n mindful_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o ancestor_n who_o have_v always_o enjoy_v a_o pre-eminence_n above_o other_o prince_n resolve_v to_o keep_v it_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n march_v with_o it_o into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o regni_n or_o surry_n where_o pass_v unwary_o over_o a_o little_a river_n call_v wandalis_fw-la he_o be_v rude_o repulse_v by_o ceaulin_n but_o endeavour_v again_o to_o march_v forward_o the_o army_n meet_v at_o a_o village_n call_v wibbandun_v now_o wimbledon_n where_o he_o be_v with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n compel_v to_o fly_v back_o into_o kent_n have_v lose_v his_o two_o chief_a captain_n oslaf_n and_o kneban_n where_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v still_o remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o it_o a_o rampire_n raise_v in_o a_o round_a form_n as_o encompass_v a_o camp_n call_v knebensbury_n ethelbert_n after_o his_o loss_n seek_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o by_o a_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o neighbour_a powerful_a kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n to_o make_v which_o confederacy_n more_o last_a he_o desire_v to_o confirm_v it_o by_o marriage_n which_o he_o effect_v this_o kingdom_n heretofore_o be_v call_v gaul_n but_o afterward_o the_o frank_n a_o german_a nation_n under_o their_o king_n pharamont_n invade_v it_o and_o possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o change_v the_o name_n from_o gaul_n to_o france_n the_o successor_n of_o pharamont_n for_o several_a generation_n be_v pagan_n till_o by_o st._n remigius_n bishop_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 499._o king_n clodoveus_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o with_o he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o faith_n ever_o after_o continue_a and_o increase_v there_o this_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n be_v at_o that_o time_n govern_v by_o four_o king_n son_n of_o clotharius_n a_o daughter_n of_o one_o of_o which_o king_n elthelbert_n marry_v name_v berta_n gregory_n call_v her_o aldiberga_n to_o who_o he_o attribute_n the_o conversion_n of_o the_o the_o saxon_n her_o parent_n not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n deliver_v their_o christian_a daughter_n to_o the_o bed_n of_o a_o pagan_a but_o have_v a_o engagement_n from_o ethelbert_n to_o allow_v she_o and_o her_o family_n a_o entire_a freedom_n in_o religion_n and_o so_o the_o marriage_n be_v conclude_v the_o lady_n be_v accompany_v into_o britain_n by_o a_o prudent_a and_o devout_a bishop_n call_v lethardus_fw-la who_o be_v style_v the_o percursor_n to_o st._n augustine_n and_o one_o who_o open_v the_o door_n to_o christianity_n here_o there_o be_v then_o in_o doroberni_n or_o canterbury_n several_a church_n which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o christian_n many_o age_n before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v not_o utter_o demolish_v by_o the_o saxon_n among_o which_o the_o queen_n make_v choice_n of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o stand_v eastward_o of_o the_o city_n the_o author_n of_o life_n of_o this_o bishop_n lethardus_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o devotion_n this_o queen_n perform_v in_o this_o church_n viz._n that_o she_o and_o her_o family_n frequent_v the_o sacrament_n of_o mass_n and_o prayer_n in_o the_o celebrate_v whereof_o the_o bless_a bishop_n lethardus_fw-la be_v president_n or_o chief_a priest_n the_o say_n or_o sing_v of_o mass_n be_v the_o solemn_a devotion_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o orleans_n and_o tours_n celebrate_v in_o these_o very_a time_n insomuch_o as_o st._n columba_n by_o revelation_n know_v the_o death_n of_o st._n brendan_n in_o ireland_n celebrate_v a_o solemn_a mass_n for_o his_o soul._n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 571._o cuthulf_n the_o brother_n of_o king_n ceaulin_n fight_v with_o the_o britain_n at_o bedanford_n now_o bedford_n and_o have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n he_o take_v from_o they_o four_o royal_a city_n linganburgh_n a_o