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A01075 A comparatiue discourse of the bodies natural and politique VVherein out of the principles of nature, is set forth the true forme of a commonweale, with the dutie of subiects, and right of soueraigne: together with many good points of politicall learning, mentioned in a briefe after the preface. By Edvvard Forset. Forset, Edward, 1553?-1630. 1606 (1606) STC 11188; ESTC S102531 69,814 116

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soueraigns care of their subiects welfare The excellencie of soueraigntie Soueraignes ordained by God Rom. 13. Against ambition Soueraignes haue a waightie charge Soueraignes impart to inferior magistrats a part of their power All command in the state deriued from the soueraigne Soueraignes wrōged by the negligence of vnder officers Against forrain supremacy The rights of soueraigntie not to be to far extended nor too much restreyned First of soueraigntie The powers of the soule set forth The matching of the powers of soueraignty to the powers of the soule Soueraigntie in his vegetable power In the sensitiue and intellectuall Councellours Fauorites The Soueraignes will and whether it alone may stand for law Plato Soueraignes often misinformed Customes and inclinations of the people oft preuaile with the soueraign Resolution in the soueraign Obedience in the people Rebels Opinion Sutors in Court like Appetites Malecontents Pretenses in treason Records and their imbeziling or falsifying Prerogatiue royall Soueraignes not to be euill spoken of Cicero The Soueraigne a God The large extent of soueraigntie by cōparison with God and the soule Of the Soueraignes shewing himself to the people Philip Comm. Plato Mans head his root The excellencie of the head or Soueraigne The head loued of the bodie Soueraignes haue a sympathie with subiects How to think of soueraignes faults Subiects haue a cause to beare with Soueraignes faults No opposition to the Soueraigne much lesse no deposing of them Kind subiects take vpon themselues the blame imputed to the Soueraigne In Pseud. The soueraign likened to the heart The cōmaund and force of soueraigntie Of the Soueraigne all hold what they haue Bountie in a Soueraigne Soueraignes loue of vertue Soueraigns to looke well to them that be neer about thē How factions grow The Soueraignes sports not to be grudged at Two wayes to wrong the Soueraigne Maiestie in a Soueraigne A Soueraigne how to bee respected Diuersities of respects in the Soueraign touching his person and his soueraigntie Man the great miracle of nature Nor head nor heart haue any power to doe wrong Certaine essentiall orders in the state The gifts of statesmen to be wel disposed of Chiefe officers or nobles to be well safgarded The fower Elements of the bodie politique The well mixing of the elements The predominance of the elements actiue or passiue maketh the complexion of the bodie politique The elements to be held in concord Discords in the parts of one and the same elemēts Sundry formes of bodies politique In a distemper all turneth to hurt euen that which otherwise were good enough The degrees of growth in the bodie politike Philosophers The causes o change in the bodie politique Astronomers God in alterations worketh the causes and oft without causes Difference of parts in the Common-wealth vegetable Sensitiue Rationall Dieting of the bodie Too precise or too careles of health Exercise of the bodie Tendance of the body politike according to different respects Equalitie to be obserued Against paritie to proue differences of dignitie riches Not to reward worse than not to punish Difference of dignities and degrees Dignities ill bestowed Why the body politique is called a Common wealth Mutualitie of helpe in the members More respect of the chiefe members The enemies bend most against the best Each part to be appointed to his owne workes Parts disordered maketh the bodie to seeme monstrous Against conspiracie of the parts in the state ciuill Of the late intended Treason Against idle vagrant or vnptofitable people Against ingrossing of offices No need to put many offices vpon one man A concordāce of the parts of the body politike in their cōmon works In the worke of ruling but one head Britania one body needing but one head Proofes for Vnion Imperfections in the body politike yet a bodie Shifts to supplie defects Mercenarie souldiers and straungers The vse of leagues betwixt differēt Countries Perfection in the State Signes of being in good estate The best plight most to be mistursted Signes infer no certeintie Health how necessarie in both bodies Griefe in any one part putteth the whole out of health Aristotle Ethic. lib. 3. Discontentednesse Originall orders the best preseruatiues of health in the State Alterations how daungerous Nature best brooketh things accustomed Alterations must not be suddē or wholy but by degrees and by parts Cases of alteration Better keep health than recouer it To prouide in prosperitie for aduersitie Time preuention Of small beginnings great mischiefes Against Tolleration Cases admitting some sufferance of euill We may hurt to heale The diseases of the State How they doe arise Differences in faults Against equalitie of sinne Punishment must bee proportionable to the offence Outward euils not so dangerous as inward Laws the phisicke of the state dependeth of the soueraigne authoritie The meanest officers do minister phisicke to the state The cause why magistracy is oft repugned at Necessitie of magistracie Magistrats not to be discouraged or giue ouer their cure The likenes of the worke of magistrats and of Phisicions Sundrie sorts of medicines in the state ciuill In altering of punishment what may be left to the Magistrat Points to be obserued of the states Phisition and first of the manner of the disease Curing by contrarie The cause must be first knowne The complexion to be knowne Seasons to be obserued To minister the medicines in pleasing manner To know perfectly the bodie and all the parts To haue greatest care of the best parts Great mens faults most perilous and most to be respected 1 1 Diseases in the nobler parts most to be looked to 2 2 Where the cause is inward 3 3 Where the cause is vnknowne 4 4 Where the disease feedeth it selfe from other parts adioyning 5 5 Diseases inueterate 6 6 Relaps into any disease 7 7 To applie cure in time 8 8 Infectious diseases 9 9 Diseases depriuing sence 10 10 Diseases comming suddenlie 11 11 Diseases wherunto we be accustomed 12 12 Diseases of the whole bodie 13 13 Diseases desperate 14 14 Diseases vncurable 15 15 Diseases of great men require more help and aduise 16 16 Diseases made worse by feeding on that they desire 17 17 Diseases discouered in their signes 18 18 Destruction of members in any disease when to be vsed 19 19 Diseases oft dissolued by nature 20 20 Diseases to be forced to break outwardly 21 21 Diseases growing to a worse nature than they were 22 22 The state or standing point of a disease 23 23 Euerie disease must haue his proper cure Against vnskilfull Pragmatickes The learned fitter for gouernmēt than the vnlearned Vnperfect curing Discretion in state busines Seueritie Lenitie Contrarie waies to cure the same disease Diuersities in curing vppon diuers respects Repealing of some and making of new lawes Magistrats may make vse of the wicked Good magistrats praised The Phisicions louing of the patient Couetousnesse in getting of fees Desire of gaine in some lawiers To be neuer out of law a great miserie Magistrats may haue priuat faults yet good magistrats Magistrats to be chosen for their skill in gouernment Magistrats rather to be natiue than forraine Magistrats must not desist frō their duties for abuses offred vnto them Magistrats must giue good example Magistrats not to haue too many offices or imploiments Compared to a Surgion in three properties Magistrats do sometimes offend the law themselues Magistrats offending to be punished by other Magistrats Magistrats faults no pretence to disobey them Magistrats deseruings soone forgotten Magistrats care and wisdome is iudged of by the euents Magistrats discouragement for the want of execution of lawes by them made Reasons resolue vaine if there be no will to performe Lawes often by cauils illuded Obedience the chiefe vertue of Subiects The Subiects chiefe care to content the Soueraigne Politicall gouernors are to be made famous by the prayses of the learned The benefit which a Soueraigne shall haue by the studying of politicall books Prouerb 24. The dedication of Politicall works due to the gouernors of the State Curiositie of looking Into state businesse In Trinumo Inquisitiuenes To prie into the princes dealings or dispositions how dangerous it is A caueat from natures work In soueraignty a great mistery
comparing of them euen in their alike forces of vegetation also Who seeth not that it belongeth to the office of Soueraignitie to prouide for the nourishing and mainteining of the state with necessaries to amplifie the dominions thereof for profit and dignitie to spread abroad the encrease of the people by Colonies in the nature of generating or propagating to cherish in the subiects an appetite of acquiring of commodities to graunt to them places of Mart and Market for the digesting of the same vnto all parts of the Realme and so to change forme and assimulate them to their most behoofe to giue order for the holding and retaining of that which is become their well agreeing and naturall sustenance and for the expelling as well of the hurtfull ouercharge as the vnprofitable excrements of the weale publique Will you yet see farther the soueraigne vertue of the Soueraigne power in all and euerie the parts of the State produce me any though a person altogether priuate occupying but a roome or drawing breath in the Common wealth that is not enforced both by foreseeing reason and after-prouing euents to acknowledge all his good whatsoeuer to be first giuen and then secured vnto him by the force of a well ordered gouernment out of the circle whereof there can be neither welfare nor safetie but contrariwise all confusion slaughter rapine and vniust bereauing of him of all that is or can be deare vnto him But who so listeth to behold this Politicall soule of the State in his full royaltie and amplitude let him looke vpon his more noble parts the sensuall and intellectuall the according and conforming whereof to his important vses maketh the Gordian knot of a powerfull and peacefull blessednes Then the Soueraignitie mouing working ruling in his three estates matcheth well the three headed Gerion whom Iustine interpreteth to signifie the vnion of three louing brethren then it seeth more than the hundreth eyes of Argus and acteth more than the hundreth handes of Briareus All Subiects will as the sences play the espials and intelligencers as the members be stirred and commaunded in cases of imployment and as the spirits imaginatiue propose for apprehension the true shapes and formes of things either pleasing and eligible or hurtfull and auoydable The Councellors of State like the vnderstanding facultie applye all their endeuours to aduance the glorie and further the enterprises of this their ruling soule being themselues also by his supreame reason to be ordered or iudged in their right or wrong conceiuings The fauorites of a Prince may be resembled to the fantasies of the Soule wherewith he sporteth and delighteth himselfe which to doe so the integritie of iudgement and Maiestie of State be reteyned is in neither of both reproueable Which of vs is there that doth not especially in matters rather pleasing than important follow and feed his fantasies giue scope vnto them suffer them to preuaile with him reckoning it a great part of his contentment to haue them satisfied I will refraine to presse the application farther than the well taught Subiects will of themselues conceiue There must be no despitefull enuying at the Soueraignes fauorites as they be to him the recreating comforts choicely selected acceptablie to consort withall so their enriching aduauncing and gracing with the cleerest signes of their Soueraignes loue is not onely allowable but plainely necessarie sith they cannot walke continually in the Sunne but they must needs be coloured The will of the Soueraigne in the decreeing or enacting of Lawes holdeth the like right as the will of the soule doth in the perfourming the resolues of reason Allow that the Soule were now in his first cleere sighted innocencie it could not will or affect any thing that were not absolute reason So were Soueraignes vncorrupted with that all-taynting canker of sinne and free from euery humane infirmitie their will alone were vndoubted law Iustice but on the other side when reason whose office it is to shew the right is vanquished by the errours of misconceiuing then the will by such bad direction is driuen to sinne in his designed works So where the iudgement of the Soueraigne swarueth from sinceritie of true discerning there his will and all decrees or executions following the same must of necessitie be culpable and turne to wrong Wherefore sith it will not be gainsaid but that Soueraignes through their naturall frailties are subiect as well to the imbecillitie of iudgement as also to sensuall and irrationall mocions rising out of the infectious mudd of flesh and bloud the obseruance of which tainte in mans nature caused Plato to say That the bodie was more in the soule than the soule in the bodie and that such their defects may well disable them from either attayning vnto or retayning firmely the precise points of perfect Iustice How both prudently and louingly do those Soueraignes gouerne who neither taking to themselues that absolutenes of sole power in law-giuing which by some being indeed of too hard a temper is colourably claymed to be originall and hereditarie to their places neither trusting too much to their owne sufficiencies either of wisedome or vprightnes which seldome be without some admixture of imperfections do at the making of Statutes and ordinances assemble for consultation and consent a full assistance of the noblest and choisest aduisours that the State affourdeth thereby drawing supplies out of their politicall bodie to make good what wanteth in their naturall From the errors of inferior sences the conceit of the common sence receiueth much misinforming which in the end and by degrees reacheth a seducement to the soule it selfe So may the Soueraigne vnwittingly by wrong reports of some neer about him be misled from the knowledge of the trueth into many misbeleeuings The humors of the bodie do often forciblie preuaile in the working and stirring of the mind whereupon some Philosophers haue tyed the soule vnto the temperature of the bodie So the customes and inclinations of the people in each Countrie hath otherwhile no smal force in the inclyning of the Soueraignes disposition if not to approue yet to tollerate some imperfections The mind must not suffer it selfe for want of resolution to be distracted by diuersitie of vndiscussed opinions as wauering and wandering without iudgement hauing warre within it selfe So the gouernour may not well admit or harken vnto different and factious sectes tending to the disturbing and instabilitie of his gouernment The affections so long as they be obedient vnto reason standeth the soule in great steede but if they become violent and vnrulie then of their disordering and disturbing of the minds tranquillitie they be rightly tearmed perturbations Such is the Soueraignes case If the people be tractable and truely seruiceable with all dutious subiection in the nature of right alleagiance then as louing subiects by their forwardnesse in cooperating with him they giue strength and stay vnto his gouernment but if