of_o their_o office_n before_o he_o declare_v public_o that_o they_o will_v no_o long_o serve_v in_o their_o place_n and_o the_o more_o bold_o they_o throw_v they_o down_o if_o the_o emperor_n design_n any_o thing_n which_o they_o fear_v may_v prove_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o hearken_v to_o they_o it_o happen_v some_o year_n since_o that_o the_o emperor_n vanlie_n who_o cloud_v all_o his_o achievement_n by_o his_o insatiable_o lustful_a desire_n for_o notwithstanding_o he_o have_v a_o lawful_a son_n yet_o he_o will_v declare_v a_o bastard_n to_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o peer_n and_o governor_n be_v against_o it_o say_v they_o will_v not_o suffer_v so_o base_a a_o election_n yet_o the_o emperor_n not_o regard_v their_o say_v all_o the_o magistrate_n that_o be_v in_o the_o city_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o thousand_o go_v to_o the_o palace_n and_o force_v he_o against_o his_o will_n by_o lay_v off_o their_o livery_n to_o declare_v the_o lawful_a heir_n to_o be_v successor_n the_o like_a occasion_n happen_v anno_fw-la 1651._o for_o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o guardian_n and_o uncle_n to_o the_o young_a emperor_n another_o tartar_n will_v govern_v allege_v that_o the_o emperor_n age_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o such_o a_o management_n all_o the_o governor_n lay_v down_o their_o badge_n whereby_o he_o be_v force_v to_o desist_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n a_o youth_n of_o sixteen_o year_n old_a call_v xunghi_n be_v the_o true_a heir_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n beside_o these_o magistrate_n or_o privy-councellor_n at_o the_o court_n there_o be_v several_a trigaut_n other_o office_n or_o council-chamber_n for_o divers_a business_n but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o honourable_a be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v hanlinyven_v into_o which_o none_o but_o learned_a doctor_n be_v admit_v those_o which_o be_v in_o this_o imperial_a office_n do_v nothing_o but_o read_v several_a book_n and_o may_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o public_a concern_v when_o as_o nevertheless_o they_o exceed_v those_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n wherefore_o many_o endeavour_n great_o to_o get_v into_o their_o society_n their_o business_n be_v only_o to_o write_v the_o emperor_n letter_n annual_a chronicle_n and_o to_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n out_o of_o these_o be_v also_o choose_v the_o tutor_n for_o the_o emperor_n and_o prince_n in_o this_o society_n be_v several_a degree_n of_o honour_n which_o every_o one_o attain_v to_o by_o their_o writing_n a_o good_a style_n after_o which_o they_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o high_a preferment_n within_o the_o court_n none_o be_v choose_v to_o be_v of_o that_o most_o eminent_a office_n of_o colao_n but_o out_o of_o they_o those_o that_o be_v in_o this_o society_n make_v great_a advantage_n by_o write_a epistle_n and_o encomium_n of_o their_o friend_n nay_o every_o one_o account_v himself_o happy_a if_o he_o can_v but_o get_v they_o bestow_v great_a charge_n and_o trouble_v to_o that_o end_n for_o if_o they_o have_v but_o the_o name_n that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o they_o they_o be_v account_v excellent_a though_o never_o so_o bad_a last_o those_o that_o be_v of_o this_o society_n be_v chief_a councillor_n and_o judge_n in_o the_o examination_n of_o cause_n both_o divine_a and_o moral_a and_o be_v by_o the_o professor_n of_o science_n account_v master_n of_o literature_n beside_o all_o these_o court_n there_o be_v one_o supreme_a court_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o semedo_fw-la the_o whole_a empire_n none_o can_v be_v receive_v into_o this_o unless_o they_o have_v be_v of_o the_o imperial_a society_n call_v hanlin_n or_o hanlinyven_v before_o mention_v and_o after_o they_o have_v a_o considerable_a time_n be_v in_o place_n of_o government_n and_o make_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o their_o mildness_n policy_n and_o prudence_n and_o that_o no_o letter_n of_o complaint_n have_v be_v set_v out_o against_o they_o this_o court_n consist_v of_o four_o or_o at_o most_o of_o six_o person_n which_o be_v call_v colaos_n and_o coglog_n the_o emperor_n vanlie_n grandfather_n to_o the_o emperor_n zunchin_n will_v never_o suffer_v more_o than_o one_o colao_n allege_v that_o the_o rest_n be_v needless_a the_o quality_n of_o colao_n to_o speak_v proper_o be_v no_o peculiar_a office_n because_o they_o take_v care_n of_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o state_n and_o be_v just_a like_o supreme_a judge_n of_o all_o court_n and_o dominion_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n though_o they_o be_v never_o all_o together_o but_o when_o they_o dispatch_v grand_a business_n for_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v not_o always_o present_a upon_o the_o conclude_a they_o be_v many_o time_n force_v to_o be_v in_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v those_o petition_n which_o be_v hourly_o bring_v to_o the_o emperor_n this_o do_v they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o find_v out_o the_o emperor_n and_o inform_v he_o of_o their_o several_a result_v which_o have_v hear_v he_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o party_n and_o pronounce_v the_o ultimate_a sentence_n by_o either_o confirm_a or_o alter_v their_o conclusion_n these_o colaos_n be_v in_o the_o high_a esteem_n and_o above_o all_o the_o counsel_n or_o magistrate_n who_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n come_v and_o show_v reverence_n to_o they_o as_o their_o superior_n in_o a_o open_a hall_n the_o colaos_n during_o this_o ceremony_n stand_v up_o and_o all_o the_o officer_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n walk_v cross_v the_o hall_n come_v before_o they_o they_o turn_v about_o and_o bow_v their_o head_n down_o to_o the_o ground_n which_o ceremony_n be_v call_v quo_fw-la tham_fw-mi that_o be_v pass_v through_o the_o hall_n there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o colaos_n robe_n and_o those_o of_o the_o other_o magistrate_n for_o their_o girdle_n be_v beset_v with_o precious_a stone_n which_o they_o call_v yuxe_n which_o none_o but_o colaos_n may_v wear_v in_o the_o whole_a empire_n nay_o they_o receive_v their_o order_n by_o the_o emperor_n be_v own_o hand_n as_o the_o knight_n among_o we_o their_o honour_n from_o the_o king_n himself_o father_n nicholas_n trigaut_n describe_v the_o colaos_n authority_n and_o office_n in_o the_o follow_a word_n beside_o these_o six_o court_n there_o be_v another_o the_o most_o eminent_a in_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o the_o emperor_n palace_n those_o which_o belong_v to_o it_o be_v call_v colaos_n and_o be_v general_o three_o or_o four_o in_o number_n and_o sometime_o six_o they_o have_v charge_n of_o no_o particular_a business_n but_o mind_n the_o general_n concern_v of_o the_o empire_n and_o sit_v in_o private_a consultation_n with_o the_o emperor_n daily_o in_o his_o palace_n and_o in_o regard_n the_o emperor_n at_o present_a do_v not_o appear_v in_o person_n at_o treaty_n of_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o he_o former_o use_v to_o dispatch_v they_o stay_v the_o whole_a day_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o answer_v petition_n which_o in_o great_a number_n be_v bring_v according_a as_o they_o think_v fit_a with_o which_o answer_n they_o go_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o regio_n nutu_fw-la by_o his_o beck_n either_o confirm_v or_o alter_v they_o thus_o far_o trigaut_n the_o like_a quality_n and_o office_n father_n martin_n ascribe_v to_o they_o in_o the_o follow_a sinensâ—…s_o word_n the_o six_o court_n viz._n lypu_n hupu_n pingpu_n cungpu_n hingpu_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o public_a matter_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n but_o only_o with_o private_a consultation_n for_o the_o governor_n make_v their_o request_n to_o the_o emperor_n by_o way_n of_o petition_n who_o have_v consider_v of_o the_o business_n send_v they_o to_o every_o court_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v the_o assistant_n whereof_o after_o serious_a consideration_n acquaint_v the_o emperor_n with_o their_o opinons_n in_o write_v which_o he_o then_o according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n sinic_n either_o vacate_n or_o affirm_v which_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o be_v able_a to_o do_v he_o choose_v some_o of_o the_o prime_a philosopher_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o his_o assistant_n who_o be_v call_v colaos_n or_o caise_v that_o be_v assistant_n in_o government_n these_o be_v in_o the_o sinic_n next_o degree_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o aid_v he_o in_o dispatch_v of_o business_n consult_v with_o he_o in_o person_n as_o be_v his_o privy-council_n for_o he_o be_v seldom_o see_v by_o any_o other_o magistrate_n judge_n justices_z or_o councillor_n thus_o far_o martin_n those_o which_o the_o chineses_n call_v colao_n we_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o original_n of_o the_o name_n shall_v term_v assistant_n to_o the_o emperor_n partly_o for_o their_o honourable_a employment_n and_o partly_o as_o be_v next_o the_o emperor_n the_o prime_a governor_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n thus_o far_o of_o the_o general_a government_n and_o council_n or_o office_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o so_o
convert_v his_o rage_n into_o a_o contrary_a passion_n he_o will_v have_v worship_v she_o but_o she_o refuse_v such_o honour_n bid_v he_o return_v thanks_o to_o heaven_n and_o the_o god_n which_o he_o cease_v not_o to_o do_v after_o that_o become_v a_o zealous_a penitent_n not_o long_o after_o biou_n tsongong_o die_v and_o quanien_n betake_v herself_o to_o lamhay_n a_o place_n in_o china_n where_o she_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o her_o life_n in_o great_a piety_n after_o her_o death_n they_o build_v a_o stately_a temple_n in_o honour_n of_o she_o and_o inter_v her_o corpse_n in_o the_o middle_n which_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n as_o the_o chineses_n believe_v as_o fresh_a and_o sound_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v bury_v but_o a_o day_n every_o year_n the_o priest_n go_v thither_o to_o celebrate_v the_o anniversary_n of_o her_o death_n in_o the_o six_o moon_n on_o the_o eighteen_o day_n with_o sport_n and_o feast_v which_o have_v win_v so_o much_o esteem_v that_o the_o chineses_n implore_v she_o help_v and_o assistance_n in_o all_o tribulation_n the_o thirty_o nine_o goddess_n be_v call_v nioma_n or_o as_o other_o will_v have_v it_o matzou_n she_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o city_n kotzo_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o houkong_a where_o her_o father_n be_v viceroy_n this_o nioma_n resolve_v also_o to_o live_v and_o die_v a_o virgin_n to_o that_o end_n go_v to_o dwell_v in_o the_o island_n piscadore_v or_o fishers-isle_n otherwise_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v pehoe_n lie_v to_o the_o northward_o twelve_o league_n distant_a from_o formosa_fw-la where_o she_o spend_v her_o life_n in_o a_o pious_a and_o most_o religious_a manner_n her_o image_n not_o long_o after_o be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o temple_n with_o two_o servant_n one_o on_o the_o right_n and_o another_o on_o the_o left-side_n each_o of_o they_o hold_v a_o fan_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o cover_v the_o goddess_n head_n she_o have_v also_o as_o they_o say_v spirit_n under_o her_o command_n and_o be_v high_o honour_v among_o the_o chinese_n for_o so_o great_a and_o powerful_a a_o deity_n that_o all_o the_o emperor_n at_o their_o inauguration_n must_v not_o omit_v to_o pay_v their_o devotion_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o this_o nioma_fw-it her_o great_a festival_n be_v on_o the_o three_o and_o twenty_o day_n of_o the_o three_o moon_n when_o the_o priest_n repair_v from_o all_o place_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o her_o tomb_n because_o she_o know_v as_o they_o believe_v when_o any_o stranger_n shall_v address_v themselves_o to_o that_o country_n and_o whether_o their_o intention_n be_v good_a or_o evil_n nay_o more_o will_v give_v certain_a response_n to_o any_o that_o consult_v she_o in_o what_o affair_n soever_o so_o that_o they_o be_v so_o persuade_v and_o superstitious_a concern_v her_o admonishment_n that_o they_o think_v all_o be_v lose_v if_o she_o advise_v not_o thereunto_o the_o original_n of_o her_o adoration_n spring_v hence_o as_o the_o chinese_n record_n have_v it_o one_a campo_n a_o chinese_n admiral_n go_v out_o with_o a_o armado_n to_o engage_v with_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n be_v drive_v by_o contrary_a wind_n be_v necessitate_v to_o anchor_n under_o the_o lee_n of_o this_o isle_n but_o afterward_o the_o storm_n cease_v and_o the_o wind_n and_o wether_n grow_v fair_a the_o fleet_n weigh_v and_o hoise_a sail_n set_v forward_o but_o all_o the_o seaman_n with_o their_o conjoin_a strength_n can_v not_o get_v up_o his_o anchor_n which_o while_o they_o wonder_v at_o this_o goddess_n appear_v to_o the_o admiral_n who_o implore_v she_o advise_v to_o take_v she_o aboard_o for_o the_o people_n against_o who_o he_o have_v commission_n to_o fight_n be_v great_a magician_n practise_v the_o black_a art_n and_o can_v raise_v or_o lay_v spirit_n at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o she_o be_v able_a to_o frustrate_v their_o diabolical_a practice_n thus_o persuade_v the_o admiral_n with_o great_a reverence_n take_v she_o into_o his_o ship_n and_o come_v to_o the_o shore_n where_o they_o intend_v to_o land_n these_o master_n of_o occult_a science_n use_v their_o skill_n as_o nioma_n have_v foretell_v but_o she_o baffle_v they_o in_o their_o own_o art_n and_o so_o make_v their_o powerful_a charm_n of_o no_o effect_n wherefore_o the_o king_n that_o trust_v to_o his_o necromancer_n be_v necessitate_v to_o engage_v with_o the_o chinese_n be_v by_o her_o direction_n and_o assistance_n contrary_a to_o his_o confidence_n utter_o defeat_v and_o bring_v under_o subjection_n the_o admiral_n though_o sensible_a of_o the_o wonderful_a service_n which_o she_o have_v do_v by_o her_o power_n desire_v that_o she_o will_v do_v something_o in_o his_o presence_n that_o he_o may_v relate_v have_v so_o many_o eye-witness_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o have_v accidental_o a_o wither_a cane_n in_o his_o hand_n nioma_n take_v it_o and_o upon_o his_o request_n immediate_o make_v it_o grow_v and_o blossom_n and_o to_o yield_v a_o sweet_a smell_n which_o signal_n prodigy_n the_o admiral_n fix_v on_o his_o stern_n and_o come_v to_o the_o emperor_n relate_v to_o he_o all_o his_o adventure_n whereupon_o he_o in_o honour_n and_o commemoration_n of_o her_o favour_n command_v that_o they_o shall_v worship_v she_o as_o a_o goddess_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n since_o which_o every_o ship_n bear_v her_o image_n in_o the_o stern_a and_o the_o seaman_n be_v strange_o devote_v to_o she_o the_o forty_o god_n call_v sikjaa_n bear_v in_o the_o kingdom_n tantaico_fw-la opposite_a to_o the_o west_n of_o china_n they_o hold_v for_o the_o first_o inventor_n of_o that_o religion_n which_o the_o chineses_n observe_v to_o this_o day_n he_o always_o go_v bare_a head_v neither_o eat_v flesh_n fish_n or_o other_o creature_n that_o have_v life_n and_o live_v single_a this_o sikjaa_n draw_v or_o carve_v to_o the_o life_n stand_v upon_o the_o altar_n in_o their_o temple_n and_o on_o the_o rightside_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o door_n over_o against_o he_o and_o in_o some_o temple_n round_o about_o he_o stand_v long_a table_n at_o which_o the_o priest_n sit_v read_v and_o mutter_v to_o themselves_o prayer_n to_o sikjaa_n to_o receive_v they_o into_o heaven_n two_o priest_n watch_v day_n and_o night_n before_o his_o altar_n often_o bow_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o lift_v up_o their_o head_n equal_o together_o whilst_o their_o tabor_n and_o pipe_n consort_v with_o other_o wind-instrument_n make_v no_o unpleasing_a harmony_n in_o their_o diet_n the_o priest_n follow_v the_o strict_a life_n of_o sikjaa_n eat_v nothing_o but_o rice_n grape_n and_o herb_n they_o live_v some_o in_o the_o wilderness_n like_o hermit_n other_o frequent_v the_o temple_n abroad_o and_o spend_v their_o time_n for_o a_o small_a gratuity_n in_o make_v offering_n in_o people_n house_n have_v no_o allowance_n either_o from_o the_o emperor_n or_o charity_n of_o the_o people_n they_o never_o pare_v their_o nail_n some_o of_o they_o grow_v six_o eight_o ten_o and_o twelve_o inch_n long_o which_o the_o chineses_n count_v a_o great_a ornament_n the_o doctrine_n of_o this_o sikjaa_n be_v at_o large_a declare_v in_o the_o follow_a description_n of_o china_n the_o one_o and_o forty_o god_n be_v call_v ang-jaa_a and_o be_v carry_v from_o house_n to_o house_n on_o the_o eleven_o day_n of_o the_o three_o moon_n on_o a_o altar_n by_o six_o priest_n whereof_o three_o go_v before_o and_o three_o behind_o before_o he_o stand_v a_o perfuming-pot_n with_o burn_a incense_n and_o other_o aromatics_n the_o mendicant_a priest_n stop_v at_o every_o house_n and_o never_o leave_v sing_v and_o pray_v tinkle_a two_o small_a basin_n one_o against_o another_o till_o the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n come_v and_o bring_v they_o some_o money_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n as_o a_o offer_n to_o this_o god_n this_o ang-jaa_a be_v not_o clothe_v like_o the_o other_o god_n but_o quite_o naked_a have_v only_o a_o cloth_n about_o his_o middle_n which_o reach_v down_o to_o his_o heel_n and_o over_o his_o shoulder_n a_o scarf_n his_o hair_n beard_n mustachoe_n and_o face_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o other_o chinese_n numan_n the_o hair_n of_o his_o face_n more_o resemble_v a_o european_a than_o a_o asiatic_a concern_v which_o dissimilitude_n the_o chineses_n themselves_o be_v altogether_o silent_a the_o two_o and_o forty_o deity_n call_v tontekong_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o ancient_a man_n with_o a_o white_a beard_n and_o say_v to_o be_v a_o great_a abhorrer_n of_o game_n and_o adultery_n which_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a he_o seek_v to_o extinguish_v wherefore_o the_o chineses_n have_v place_v he_o in_o heaven_n and_o also_o invoke_v he_o daily_o to_o defend_v they_o from_o thief_n the_o three_o and_o forty_o god_n name_v teiton_n a_o valiant_a hero_n represent_v with_o a_o draw_a sword_n in_o his_o left-hand_a who_o service_n in_o redeem_v the_o empire_n like_a to_o be_v lose_v by_o
according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n the_o fair_a and_o most_o beautiful_a be_v in_o great_a esteem_n not_o regard_v birth_n or_o riches_n for_o they_o buy_v they_o for_o a_o hundred_o ducat_n a_o piece_n and_o sometime_o less_o the_o common_a people_n or_o the_o poor_a buy_fw-mi wife_n for_o a_o small_a sum_n and_o sell_v they_o again_o when_o they_o please_v but_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o family_n in_o their_o marriage_n look_v only_o upon_o the_o beauty_n of_o a_o person_n without_o regard_v whether_o she_o be_v of_o royal_a extraction_n or_o not_o but_o woman_n of_o quality_n shun_v this_o choice_n partly_o because_o the_o emperor_n woman_n be_v of_o no_o authority_n for_o their_o lifetime_n be_v lock_v up_o in_o the_o palace_n and_o seclude_v from_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o friend_n and_o relation_n and_o partly_o because_o the_o magistrate_n of_o marriage_n choose_v but_o few_o out_o of_o many_o to_o be_v the_o emperor_n be_v lawful_a wife_n this_o be_v not_o only_o usual_a with_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o family_n but_o likewise_o customary_a through_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o prime_a wife_n sit_v with_o her_o husband_n at_o the_o table_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v not_o relate_v to_o the_o imperial_a blood_n be_v servant_n to_o the_o husband_n father_n and_o waiting-maid_n to_o the_o lawful_a wife_n not_o dare_v to_o sit_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o either_o the_o son_n acknowledge_v not_o their_o real_a mother_n but_o the_o prime_a matron_n and_o mourn_v only_o when_o she_o die_v three_o whole_a year_n and_o follow_v no_o employment_n during_o that_o time_n which_o they_o mind_v not_o at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o mother_n which_o bear_v they_o they_o strict_o observe_v that_o no_o man_n marry_v a_o woman_n that_o have_v the_o same_o surname_n which_o he_o have_v though_o they_o be_v no_o way_n ally_v to_o one_o another_o not_o in_o the_o least_o mind_v how_o near_o they_o be_v a_o kin_n to_o each_o other_o if_o their_o name_n do_v but_o differ_v nay_o the_o father_n marry_v their_o son_n to_o their_o mother_n near_a relation_n the_o bride_n bring_v no_o portion_n with_o she_o and_o though_o at_o that_o day_n when_o she_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o bridegroom_n house_n she_o take_v so_o much_o householdstuff_n with_o she_o that_o whole_a street_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o it_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v buy_v at_o the_o bridegroom_n charge_n who_o some_o month_n before_o send_v she_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o that_o purpose_n thus_o far_o trigaut_n the_o household_n general_o consist_v in_o stool_n bench_n chest_n and_o umbrella_n moreover_o the_o bride_n must_v bring_v the_o bridegroom_n a_o horse_n and_o bridle_n four_o servant_n maid_n and_o two_o boy_n the_o bridegroom_n also_o furnish_v the_o kitchen_n with_o all_o provision_n present_v the_o bride_n with_o several_a piece_n of_o silk-stuffs_a cotton-cloth_n and_o a_o garland_n of_o flower_n with_o a_o gold_n bodkin_n for_o which_o she_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o her_o constant_a love_n give_v he_o a_o suit_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n or_o rich_a silk_n the_o bridegroom_n also_o give_v to_o her_o father_n a_o hundred_o and_o to_o her_o mother_n fifty_o tail_n of_o silver_n which_o do_v the_o wedding_n begin_v first_o entertain_v each_o other_o eight_o day_n in_o the_o bridegroom_n house_n and_o three_o day_n more_o at_o the_o bride_n their_o wedding_n be_v very_o expensive_a be_v celebrate_v in_o great_a state_n and_o end_v with_o comedy_n masque_n music_n and_o the_o like_a to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o stranger_n the_o day_n after_o the_o wedding_n the_o new_a marry_v woman_n be_v conduct_v in_o a_o stately_a manner_n attend_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o her_o friend_n and_o near_a relation_n to_o her_o husband_n house_n either_o by_o water_n in_o a_o pleasure_n boat_n or_o by_o land_n in_o a_o sedan_n or_o chair_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o shore_n walk_v several_a musician_n and_o singer_n play_v on_o instrument_n and_o sing_v upon_o the_o bride_n approach_v the_o priest_n hold_v up_o at_o a_o distance_n some_o golden_a halfmoon_n which_o they_o give_v to_o the_o bride_n wish_v she_o may_v not_o change_v like_o the_o moon_n but_o embrace_v he_o with_o a_o pure_a and_o constant_a affection_n a_o great_a assurance_n they_o have_v of_o these_o halfmoon_n believe_v that_o as_o long_o as_o the_o woman_n keep_v they_o she_o will_v never_o change_v her_o love_n to_o her_o husband_n when_o china_n be_v govern_v by_o several_a king_n and_o lord_n they_o take_v one_o another_o semedo_fw-la daughter_n to_o wife_n as_o in_o europe_n but_o since_o those_o government_n be_v unite_v the_o emperor_n have_v be_v force_v in_o his_o own_o realm_n to_o take_v one_o or_o other_o of_o his_o subject_n daughter_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o their_o law_n that_o the_o emperor_n shall_v marry_v any_o woman_n out_o of_o his_o own_o dominion_n but_o though_o the_o emperor_n be_v so_o bind_v up_o yet_o person_n of_o quality_n do_v not_o willing_o marry_v their_o daughter_n to_o he_o because_o upon_o trial_n and_o dislike_n he_o may_v send_v they_o home_o again_o neither_o may_v he_o betrothe_v himself_o to_o a_o maid_n of_o his_o alliance_n therefore_o they_o search_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o a_o virgin_n of_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n beautiful_a and_o endue_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o virtue_n and_o breed_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o sacred_a writ_n testify_v they_o seek_v for_o abishag_fw-mi the_o shunamite_n for_o david_n and_o hester_n for_o ahasuerus_n when_o they_o have_v find_v such_o a_o one_o according_a to_o their_o like_n she_o be_v put_v into_o the_o custody_n of_o two_o lady_n of_o honour_n ancient_a matron_n who_o search_v she_o to_o see_v if_o she_o have_v no_o imperfection_n about_o her_o body_n when_o those_o after_o all_o their_o search_n have_v find_v her_o faultless_a she_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o court_n with_o a_o great_a train_n and_o be_v accept_v as_o a_o person_n which_o from_o that_o time_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n she_o be_v show_v to_o his_o majesty_n in_o his_o palace_n the_o emperor_n after_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n pass_v give_v she_o as_o wife_n to_o the_o young_a prince_n his_o son_n from_o which_o instant_n she_o be_v the_o true_a and_o lawful_a queen_n in_o the_o palace_n also_o they_o order_v some_o chaste_a and_o virtuous_a woman_n to_o attend_v she_o who_o be_v endue_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o virtue_n instruct_v she_o in_o all_o courtly_a behaviour_n that_o she_o may_v just_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n which_o they_o call_v chemu_n that_o be_v mother_n of_o the_o empire_n if_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o historian_n all_o the_o empress_n thus_o bring_v up_o have_v be_v woman_n of_o great_a merit_n charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a very_o prudent_a and_o of_o quick_a apprehension_n such_o a_o one_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o a_o bricklayer_n who_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o empress_n always_o keep_v her_o father_n trowel_n by_o she_o and_o when_o the_o prince_n her_o son_n begin_v to_o grow_v too_o ambitious_a she_o show_v he_o this_o trowel_n which_o her_o father_n have_v use_v whereby_o she_o bring_v he_o to_o obedience_n the_o maiden_n relation_n be_v immediate_o advance_v to_o high_a dignity_n and_o place_n of_o honour_n and_o her_o house_n and_o family_n afterward_o account_v rich_a and_o of_o great_a quality_n and_o the_o more_o she_o win_v upon_o the_o emperor_n affection_n the_o high_a their_o friend_n be_v raise_v the_o marry_v of_o the_o empero_n young_a son_n be_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n only_o they_o use_v not_o so_o much_o care_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o wife_n but_o the_o manner_n of_o bestow_v their_o daughter_n be_v several_a for_o they_o send_v for_o twelve_o young_a man_n of_o seventeen_o or_o eighteen_o year_n old_a the_o tall_a and_o handsome_a that_o can_v be_v find_v to_o come_v to_o the_o palace_n and_o set_v they_o in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o princess_n may_v see_v they_o who_o have_v view_v she_o take_v peculiar_a notice_n of_o two_o which_o be_v show_v to_o the_o emperor_n he_o elect_v one_o of_o they_o for_o his_o son-in-law_n when_o the_o emperor_n vanlie_n grandfather_n to_o the_o emperor_n theumchin_n who_o reign_v about_o anno_fw-la 40._o have_v two_o youth_n bring_v before_o he_o on_o the_o forementioned_a account_n see_v one_o of_o they_o very_o rich_o habit_v and_o the_o other_o though_o comely_a in_o poor_a apparel_n ask_v he_o why_o he_o be_v not_o so_o well_o habit_v as_o his_o companion_n whereto_o he_o answer_v o_o emperor_n the_o poor_a estate_n of_o my_o father_n will_v not_o permit_v i_o to_o appear_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n the_o emperor_n reply_v because_o you_o be_v poor_a i_o
will_v take_v you_o for_o my_o son-in-law_n the_o other_o youth_n be_v send_v back_o again_o and_o account_v noble_a because_o they_o be_v allot_v to_o this_o choice_n the_o emperor_n son-in-law_n have_v immediate_o a_o fumme_n set_v over_o he_o be_v two_o learned_a mandarin_n of_o the_o court_n to_o be_v his_o tutor_n and_o instruct_v he_o in_o all_o princely_a affair_n till_o the_o woman_n have_v child_n the_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o show_v reverence_n three_o time_n a_o day_n with_o bend_a knee_n but_o when_o she_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n this_o duty_n cease_v yet_o there_o be_v many_o ceremony_n and_o show_n of_o obedience_n that_o continue_v for_o which_o reason_n person_n of_o quality_n shun_v to_o be_v the_o emperor_n sons-in-law_n and_o this_o custom_n of_o choose_v twelve_o be_v no_o more_o observe_v be_v the_o emperor_n accidental_o cast_v his_o eye_n on_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n or_o a_o learned_a person_n to_o make_v he_o his_o son-in-law_n they_o humble_o desire_v and_o beg_v to_o be_v excuse_v of_o it_o fear_v to_o live_v discontent_o all_o his_o life-time_n if_o the_o princess_n shall_v take_v any_o dislike_n against_o he_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o emperor_n prime_a wife_n who_o be_v call_v by_o the_o title_n of_o hoamheu_fw-la which_o be_v empress_n she_o have_v her_o seat_n behind_o the_o emperor_n the_o other_o six_o and_o the_o next_o in_o degree_n be_v call_v queen_n and_o in_o great_a esteem_n beside_o these_o the_o emperor_n have_v thirty_o lady_n of_o honour_n the_o rest_n be_v concubine_n to_o the_o number_n of_o three_o thousand_o be_v young_a and_o beautiful_a woman_n bring_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n who_o the_o emperor_n visit_v at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o his_o fancy_n lead_v or_o their_o beauty_n attract_v the_o emperor_n theumchim_n be_v a_o chaste_a man_n they_o say_v of_o he_o pu_o thou_o cuin_n that_o be_v he_o go_v not_o into_o the_o palace_n of_o woman_n and_o some_o other_o such_o there_o have_v be_v as_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o have_v be_v more_o who_o wander_a affection_n have_v be_v so_o unsatisfiable_a that_o not_o please_v with_o their_o own_o fancy_n to_o choose_v a_o mate_n they_o keep_v a_o little_a wagon_n draw_v by_o goat_n let_v they_o run_v whither_o they_o will_v and_o into_o what_o chamber_n soever_o they_o go_v and_o stand_v still_o there_o the_o emperor_n pitch_v for_o his_o amorous_a dalliance_n another_o that_o will_v not_o take_v that_o trouble_n to_o go_v into_o the_o woman_n palace_n cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v present_v to_o he_o in_o picture_n and_o she_o who_o he_o like_v best_a he_o send_v for_o thus_o far_o semedo_n the_o tartar_a emperor_n which_o at_o this_o day_n govern_v be_v a_o youth_n of_o eighteen_o year_n have_v twelve_o empress_n for_o his_o service_n funeral_n and_o mourn_a for_o the_o dead_a all_o the_o chinese_n book_n which_o treat_v of_o their_o custom_n endeavour_v nothing_o 〈◊〉_d more_o than_o to_o incite_v child_n to_o show_v obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n and_o respect_n to_o their_o ancestor_n which_o they_o show_v in_o nothing_o more_o than_o in_o their_o funeral_n and_o obsequy_n for_o they_o not_o only_a habit_n themselves_o in_o mourn_v but_o bestow_v great_a cost_n on_o a_o coffin_n in_o the_o prepare_n for_o their_o funeral_n which_o may_v rather_o be_v call_v a_o glorious_a show_n they_o strive_v to_o exceed_v one_o another_o according_a to_o their_o state_n and_o quality_n nay_o often_o go_v beyond_o their_o capacity_n they_o mourn_v not_o in_o black_a but_o white_a the_o son_n at_o their_o parent_n death_n wear_v a_o course_n flaxen_a coat_n or_o rather_o frock_n which_o reach_v down_o to_o their_o foot_n their_o hat_n and_o shoe_n be_v also_o very_o pitiful_a to_o behold_v and_o they_o tie_v a_o cord_n about_o their_o waste_v like_o the_o franciscan_a monk_n this_o mourn_a according_a to_o a_o inviolable_a law_n for_o father_n or_o mother_n be_v strict_o observe_v by_o the_o child_n three_o whole_a year_n for_o this_o reason_n as_o they_o say_v in_o their_o book_n that_o they_o shall_v requite_v their_o parent_n and_o as_o a_o testimony_n of_o thankfulness_n that_o they_o have_v carry_v they_o three_o year_n in_o their_o arm_n and_o bring_v they_o up_o with_o great_a trouble_n during_o their_o infancy_n but_o the_o time_n which_o they_o mourn_v for_o other_o relation_n be_v much_o short_a for_o some_o leave_n off_o mourn_v within_o the_o year_n other_o in_o three_o month_n as_o in_o europe_n the_o lawful_a time_n to_o mourn_v for_o the_o emperor_n or_o empress_n be_v also_o three_o year_n which_o all_o the_o subject_n observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n but_o now_o upon_o the_o emperor_n permission_n make_v know_v by_o proclamation_n day_n be_v reckon_v for_o month_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a realm_n in_o a_o month_n time_n express_v their_o sorrow_n for_o the_o emperor_n death_n in_o mourn_v the_o funeral_n ceremony_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o chinese_n observe_v at_o burial_n be_v write_v in_o a_o large_a book_n wherefore_o upon_o any_o one_o decease_n those_o that_o be_v to_o take_v care_n to_o inter_v the_o body_n repair_v to_o that_o wherein_o their_o mourn_a clothes_n shoe_n cap_n girdle_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o only_o describe_v in_o it_o but_o also_o represent_v in_o picture_n when_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n happen_v to_o die_v the_o son_n of_o the_o decease_a or_o near_a kinsman_n acquaint_v all_o the_o other_o relation_n and_o friend_n with_o it_o by_o a_o book_n write_v in_o a_o mournful_a style_n mean_o while_o the_o coffin_n be_v make_v and_o the_o body_n put_v into_o it_o and_o likewise_o the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n in_o which_o the_o corpse_n stand_v hang_v and_o cover_v with_o white_a cloth_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chamber_n be_v a_o altar_n on_o which_o stand_v the_o coffin_n and_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o decease_a into_o this_o chamber_n on_o certain_a day_n come_v all_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o decease_a clad_v in_o mourn_v whither_o they_o bring_v rice_n and_o set_v two_o wax-candle_n on_o the_o altar_n burn_v perfume_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o decease_a when_o the_o candle_n be_v light_v than_o they_o show_v reverence_n to_o the_o dead_a by_o bow_v their_o body_n and_o kneel_v four_o time_n but_o they_o first_o put_v frankincense_n into_o a_o perfume_a pot_n with_o fire_n which_o be_v place_v against_o the_o coffin_n and_o the_o forementioned_a image_n whilst_o these_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v one_o or_o more_o son_n of_o the_o decease_a stand_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o chest_n cry_v and_o lament_v behind_o the_o coffin_n all_o the_o woman_n of_o his_o alliance_n stand_v behind_o a_o curtain_n cry_v without_o cease_v the_o priest_n have_v ordain_v a_o custom_n to_o burn_v paper_n cut_v after_o a_o peculiar_a fashion_n as_o also_o white_a silk-stuffs_a which_o be_v do_v they_o say_v that_o thereby_o the_o decease_a may_v be_v provide_v of_o clothes_n in_o the_o other_o world_n the_o child_n oftentimes_o keep_v their_o dead-fathers_n and_o mother_n in_o a_o coffin_n in_o the_o house_n three_o or_o four_o year_n together_o without_o the_o least_o nauseat_v smell_v come_v through_o the_o cranny_n be_v colour_v all_o over_o with_o the_o gum_n which_o they_o call_v cie_n all_o which_o time_n they_o set_v before_o they_o every_o day_n meat_n and_o drink_n as_o if_o they_o be_v alive_a the_o son_n during_o this_o time_n of_o mourn_v do_v not_o sit_v on_o their_o usual_a stool_n but_o on_o low_a bench_n cover_v with_o white_a cloth_n neither_o do_v they_o sleep_v on_o bed_n but_o on_o mat_n of_o straw_n spread_v over_o the_o floor_n near_o the_o coffin_n they_o eat_v no_o flesh_n nor_o drink_v but_o upon_o pure_a necessity_n not_o be_v suffer_v to_o be_v at_o any_o feast_n nor_o for_o some_o month_n to_o go_v abroad_o public_o but_o be_v carry_v in_o sedan_n cover_v with_o mourn_a cloth_n many_o other_o thing_n they_o observe_v which_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o relate_v at_o the_o day_n when_o the_o corpse_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v out_o the_o friend_n and_o relation_n be_v invite_v by_o another_o book_n and_o meet_v all_o in_o white_a apparel_n to_o attend_v the_o funeral_n which_o be_v perform_v like_o the_o roman_n procession_v several_a shape_v of_o man_n woman_n elephant_n tiger_n and_o lion_n make_v of_o paper_n but_o curious_o gild_a and_o paint_a be_v carry_v before_o and_o afterward_o burn_v at_o the_o grave_a the_o priest_n mumble_v their_o heathen_a prayer_n follow_v the_o corpse_n also_o in_o a_o long_a train_n and_o use_v several_a ceremony_n by_o the_o way_n beat_v on_o drum_n play_v on_o pipe_n cymbal_n bell_n and_o the_o like_a before_o go_v likewise_o several_a man_n carry_v of_o great_a copper_n perfuming-pot_n on_o their_o shoulder_n
last_o the_o bier_n on_o which_o the_o corpse_n lie_v be_v bring_v in_o great_a state_n under_o a_o arch_a canopy_n make_v very_o artificial_o of_o wood_n and_o hang_v with_o flannel_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o forty_o and_o sometime_o by_o fifty_o men._n behind_o the_o bier_n follow_v the_o son_n on_o foot_n every_o one_o lean_v on_o a_o crutch_n as_o if_o faint_v with_o sorrow_n next_o follow_v the_o woman_n kindred_n in_o sedan_n hang_v with_o white_a curtain_n so_o that_o none_o can_v see_v they_o the_o other_o woman_n which_o be_v not_o so_o near_o ally_v to_o the_o decease_a be_v also_o carry_v in_o mourn_a sedan_n all_o their_o curch-yards_n and_o tomb_n be_v near_o the_o city_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o son_n at_o their_o parent_n death_n be_v from_o home_n than_o the_o funeral_n be_v defer_v till_o their_o return_n also_o when_o a_o son_n be_v inform_v of_o his_o father_n death_n he_o prepare_v if_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o estate_n a_o great_a feast_n to_o which_o he_o invite_v and_o make_v mournful_a complaint_n to_o all_o his_o friend_n then_o return_v home_o with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n he_o renew_v the_o same_o ceremony_n again_o in_o order_n as_o before_o nay_o a_o son_n be_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n though_o he_o enjoy_v the_o great_a office_n in_o the_o empire_n or_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prime_a council_n in_o peking_n or_o of_o the_o colaos_n who_o be_v the_o next_o person_n of_o the_o emperor_n yet_o he_o must_v come_v home_o and_o spend_v three_o year_n in_o mourn_v before_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o go_v again_o to_o his_o former_a employment_n but_o this_o be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v for_o their_o parent_n and_o not_o for_o any_o other_o relation_n only_o general_n and_o magistrate_n be_v free_a from_o this_o law_n at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o parent_n if_o any_o one_o die_v out_o of_o his_o native_a country_n than_o he_o who_o be_v leave_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o corpse_n use_v all_o endeavour_n without_o spare_v either_o cost_n or_o charges_n to_o carry_v it_o home_o that_o there_o he_o may_v be_v inter_v in_o the_o grave_a of_o his_o ancestor_n for_o every_o family_n have_v a_o peculiar_a bury_v place_n on_o some_o hill_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n the_o sepulcher_n be_v large_a build_v of_o marble_n and_o adorn_v with_o several_a shape_v of_o man_n and_o beast_n they_o also_o erect_v great_a and_o stately_a tombstone_n on_o which_o be_v engrave_v in_o a_o noble_a style_n the_o famous_a act_n of_o their_o predecessor_n in_o this_o manner_n have_v trigaut_n describe_v their_o mourn_a but_o we_o will_v also_o annex_v what_o alvares_n semedo_n adrianus_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr cortes_n and_o adam_z scall_z have_v write_v concern_v the_o same_o in_o many_o thing_n concern_v the_o life_n of_o man_n the_o chineses_n agree_v with_o the_o european_a philosopher_n but_o differ_v much_o about_o the_o concern_v of_o the_o dead_a the_o european_n make_v little_a ado_n about_o their_o funeral_n whereas_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v nothing_o more_o and_o be_v very_o careful_a in_o their_o life-time_n to_o give_v order_n to_o their_o child_n for_o they_o who_o show_v all_o obedience_n and_o dutifulness_n in_o perform_v the_o same_o after_o their_o death_n it_o be_v a_o general_a custom_n in_o china_n not_o to_o bury_v the_o dead_a naked_a though_o a_o child_n of_o two_o year_n old_a but_o put_v it_o into_o a_o coffin_n according_a to_o every_o one_o capacity_n in_o which_o the_o rich_a sort_n notwithstanding_o the_o chineses_n be_v of_o a_o covetous_a disposition_n strive_v to_o exceed_v one_o another_o endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o best_a and_o sweet_a wood_n that_o grow_v those_o that_o have_v no_o child_n spare_v not_o to_o give_v a_o thousand_o crown_n for_o the_o wood_n of_o a_o coffin_n though_o it_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o much_o worth_n which_o be_v make_v and_o beautify_v with_o ornamental_n of_o gold_n silver_n paint_v imagery_n and_o the_o like_a be_v bring_v home_o and_o oftentimes_o set_v in_o their_o chamber_n to_o delight_v they_o by_o look_v upon_o it_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o which_o be_v strike_v in_o year_n have_v no_o coffin_n be_v always_o sad_a and_o melancholy_a this_o custom_n they_o general_o observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o as_o they_o receive_v their_o religion_n from_o the_o indian_n they_o have_v likewise_o borrow_a many_o other_o thing_n of_o they_o imitate_v they_o especial_o in_o three_o sort_n of_o burial_n viz._n in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o water_n and_o in_o the_o fire_n for_o the_o japanner_n will_v some_o throw_v themselves_o headlong_o from_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n other_o tie_v stone_n about_o their_o neck_n leap_v into_o river_n and_o do_v many_o other_o thing_n to_o shorten_v their_o life_n but_o the_o chineses_n have_v not_o such_o stout_a heart_n to_o bury_v themselves_o alive_a but_o poor_a people_n who_o have_v not_o wherewith_o to_o purchase_v a_o coffin_n burn_v the_o corpse_n and_o bury_v the_o ash_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n the_o dead_a be_v burn_v and_o the_o ash_n gather_v and_o put_v into_o vessel_n and_o so_o throw_v into_o the_o river_n or_o brook_n their_o coffin_n be_v make_v of_o hard_a black_a plank_n the_o seam_n cover_v with_o jews-glue_a or_o gum_n by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v charan_n or_o giaro_n and_o by_o the_o chinese_n cie_n and_o cia_n every_o one_o have_v his_o peculiar_a place_n or_o tomb_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n for_o they_o be_v not_o permit_v within_o some_o build_v handsome_a house_n there_o wall_v they_o round_o and_o plant_v cypress_n and_o other_o tree_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soyl._n these_o place_n be_v value_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n which_o they_o have_v of_o the_o ground_n for_o if_o a_o conjurer_n have_v judge_v it_o to_o be_v lucky_a to_o build_v on_o they_o exceed_o enhanse_v the_o value_n thereof_o nor_o do_v they_o ever_o buy_v any_o land_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o those_o people_n at_o their_o burial_n they_o observe_v one_o order_n to_o put_v the_o chief_a corpse_n of_o the_o family_n at_o the_o upper_a end_n and_o set_v the_o other_o side_n by_o side_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n their_o grave_n be_v neat_o hew_v out_o of_o stone_n and_o on_o the_o top_n adorn_v with_o shape_v of_o beast_n as_o heart_n elephant_n and_o lion_n with_o encomiastic_a inscription_n person_n of_o quality_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v single_a bestow_v more_o cost_n build_v stately_a palace_n and_o room_n under_o ground_n like_o cell_n which_o be_v make_v very_o convenient_a to_o lay_v the_o corpse_n in_o here_o all_o the_o relation_n meet_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o death_n to_o do_v their_o offering_n and_o other_o ceremony_n for_o the_o poor_a which_o have_v not_o money_n to_o buy_v a_o peculiar_a burying-place_n there_o be_v a_o common_a churchyard_n in_o every_o city_n wherein_o they_o lie_v bury_v all_o together_o they_o chief_o desire_v to_o be_v bury_v in_o their_o predecessor_n grave_n though_o never_o so_o far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o die_v as_o it_o often_o happen_v to_o governor_n of_o remote_a province_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o thither_o their_o friend_n to_o do_v they_o the_o last_o honour_n convey_v they_o the_o first_o ceremony_n observe_v at_o any_o one_o departure_n be_v that_o the_o sick_a when_o die_v be_v carry_v on_o a_o mat_n to_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n in_o a_o hall_n yet_o person_n of_o quality_n be_v not_o remove_v but_o die_v on_o their_o bed_n when_o a_o father_n die_v than_o the_o elder_a son_n pluck_v off_o his_o cap_n from_o his_o head_n and_o come_v with_o his_o hair_n dishevel_a to_o the_o bed_n and_o tear_v the_o curtain_n and_o sheet_n in_o piece_n lay_v they_o on_o the_o corpse_n then_o the_o body_n if_o a_o male_a by_o man_n if_o a_o female_a by_o woman_n be_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n wash_v which_o do_v they_o lay_v it_o in_o a_o cotton_n cloth_n or_o else_o in_o silk_n and_o put_v on_o his_o best_a apparel_n next_o to_o the_o corpse_n they_o lay_v the_o badge_n of_o his_o office_n and_o degree_n of_o his_o learning_n which_o he_o attain_v in_o his_o life-time_n the_o body_n thus_o garnish_v be_v lay_v in_o a_o coffin_n which_o stand_v in_o a_o hall_n hang_v round_o about_o with_o black_a the_o effigy_n of_o the_o decease_a draw_v to_o the_o life_n with_o his_o arm_n and_o livery_n be_v all_o place_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o coffin_n and_o at_o the_o foot_n stand_v a_o table_n cover_v with_o a_o carpet_n before_o which_o be_v a_o curtain_n draw_v for_o the_o woman_n to_o stand_v behind_o unseen_a the_o child_n and_o nephew_n sit_v mournful_o on_o straw_n in_o the_o first_o gallery_n lead_v to_o the_o entrance_n into_o
the_o hall_n stand_v several_a trumpeter_n on_o both_o side_n and_o two_o with_o taber_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o house_n in_o the_o inside_n before_o the_o house_n in_o the_o street_n hang_v a_o bundle_n of_o piece_n of_o paper_n make_v fast_o to_o a_o stick_v which_o reach_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o their_o new-begun_a mourn_v and_o to_o give_v notice_n to_o their_o neighbour_n afterward_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a acquaint_v their_o near_a relation_n and_o other_o by_o a_o letter_n of_o their_o loss_n who_o thereupon_o come_v to_o visit_v they_o in_o this_o order_n first_o the_o visitant_n walk_v into_o the_o outer_a court_n before_o the_o house_n and_o there_o put_v on_o mourn_v the_o drum_n beat_v the_o whilst_o which_o do_v the_o trumpet_n sound_v as_o he_o pass_v through_o the_o gallery_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o enter_v the_o hall_n the_o woman_n behind_o the_o curtain_n begin_v to_o cry_v and_o then_o approach_v the_o table_n he_o lay_v a_o paper_n purse_n of_o money_n upon_o it_o to_o defray_v some_o of_o the_o charge_n after_o he_o have_v bow_v his_o head_n three_o or_o four_o time_n on_o the_o corpse_n and_o kneel_v down_o the_o childr_a lifting_z he_o up_o place_v he_o on_o their_o left_a side_n and_o show_v the_o same_o reverence_n to_o he_o after_o all_o these_o ceremony_n pass_v every_o one_o seat_n himself_o without_o speak_v a_o word_n all_o those_o friend_n which_o come_v thither_o as_o visitant_n be_v receive_v by_o one_o of_o the_o deceased_n relation_n clad_v in_o a_o mourn_a garb_n who_o conduct_n they_o into_o a_o antichamber_n where_o desire_v they_o to_o sit_v proffer_v they_o tee_fw-mi dry_v fruit_n and_o sweetmeat_n of_o which_o they_o eat_v but_o little_a take_v and_o put_v it_o into_o their_o net_n and_o go_v away_o these_o civility_n be_v so_o strict_o observe_v that_o friend_n though_o they_o dwell_v not_o near_o but_o in_o some_o other_o city_n come_v ride_v thither_o or_o if_o it_o be_v too_o far_o they_o send_v one_o of_o their_o family_n to_o excuse_v they_o these_o ceremony_n end_v the_o elder_a son_n be_v oblige_v to_o go_v and_o visit_v every_o one_o in_o the_o city_n which_o come_v to_o mourn_v with_o he_o yet_o to_o shun_v so_o much_o trouble_v he_o go_v only_o to_o their_o door_n where_o leave_v a_o letter_n he_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o then_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o funeral_n if_o their_o purse_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v out_o if_o not_o they_o keep_v the_o coffin_n in_o the_o house_n till_o the_o next_o opportunity_n which_o happen_v sometime_o not_o in_o a_o whole_a year_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v all_o the_o friend_n be_v advise_v thereof_o by_o a_o thu_n or_o letter_n who_o when_o meet_v go_v to_o the_o house_n before_o they_o be_v carry_v great_a image_n of_o man_n horse_n elephant_n lion_n tiger_n and_o other_o beast_n make_v of_o gild_a paper_n then_o follow_v other_o shape_v viz._n of_o wagon_n triumphal_a arch_n pyramid_n and_o the_o like_a adorn_v with_o silk_n and_o rose_n of_o divers_a colour_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v burn_v when_o the_o coffin_n be_v put_v into_o the_o ground_n if_o it_o be_v a_o person_n of_o quality_n these_o image_n be_v follow_v by_o great_a number_n of_o people_n that_o come_v out_o of_o curiosity_n to_o see_v the_o funeral_n next_o walk_v the_o friend_n all_o in_o mourn_v than_o the_o bonzi_n sing_v their_o prayer_n and_o tabor_v on_o basin_n who_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o second_o sort_n of_o bonzy_n that_o let_v their_o hair_n and_o beard_n grow_v and_o play_v on_o several_a sort_n of_o instrument_n these_o again_o by_o a_o three_o that_o shave_v their_o hair_n differ_v in_o their_o doctrine_n from_o the_o rest_n then_o come_v the_o acquaintance_n and_o the_o near_a relation_n the_o last_o be_v the_o child_n and_o nephew_n all_o in_o close_a mourn_a barefooted_a hang_v down_o their_o head_n and_o carry_v a_o stick_n of_o two_o foot_n long_o in_o their_o hand_n all_o this_o company_n walk_v before_o the_o corpse_n which_o be_v carry_v if_o of_o costly_a wood_n gild_a and_o varnished_a with_o their_o charan_n uncover_v on_o a_o great_a bier_n by_o thirty_o forty_o or_o fifty_o man_n for_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o funeral_n consist_v in_o the_o number_n of_o bearer_n behind_o the_o coffin_n the_o woman_n follow_v cry_v be_v lock_v up_o in_o their_o sedan_n and_o cover_v with_o mourn_v when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o the_o grave_a they_o use_v many_o ceremony_n before_o they_o put_v the_o corpse_n into_o the_o ground_n among_o which_o one_o and_o none_o of_o the_o least_o be_v a_o great_a feast_n for_o all_o the_o company_n in_o a_o stately_a large_a house_n which_o do_v every_o one_o return_n home_o and_o observe_v the_o time_n of_o mourn_v and_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v viz._n three_o whole_a year_n this_o sorrow_n continue_v during_o which_o time_n the_o child_n sit_v only_o on_o little_a bench_n cover_v with_o white_a they_o eat_v not_o at_o table_n nor_o sleep_v on_o a_o bedstead_n but_o on_o a_o mat_n lay_v upon_o the_o floor_n they_o also_o abstain_v from_o wine_n and_o flesh_n neither_o do_v they_o go_v to_o bath_n or_o feast_n nor_o abroad_o but_o in_o a_o close_a mourn_a sedan_n but_o that_o which_o be_v more_o they_o never_o converse_v as_o they_o say_v with_o their_o wife_n all_o that_o time_n nor_o be_v employ_v in_o any_o public_a business_n of_o state_n and_o if_o they_o have_v any_o employment_n though_o a_o viceroy_n or_o colao_n they_o be_v force_v to_o forsake_v it_o to_o attend_v the_o obsequy_n and_o spend_v their_o time_n in_o mourn_v which_o when_o expire_v they_o not_o only_o enjoy_v their_o place_n again_o but_o be_v after_o promote_v to_o high_a dignity_n this_o time_n they_o account_v so_o holy_a that_o they_o receive_v no_o pay_n though_o captain_n of_o company_n some_o year_n since_o it_o happen_v that_o a_o commander_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canton_n who_o be_v more_o desirous_a to_o follow_v his_o employment_n than_o keep_v the_o full_a time_n of_o his_o mourn_a make_v his_o account_n so_o that_o the_o time_n which_o he_o spend_v in_o his_o journey_n to_o the_o court_n shall_v be_v part_n of_o his_o mourn_a time_n which_o he_o want_v to_o make_v up_o the_o three_o year_n but_o come_v to_o the_o court_n with_o intention_n to_o enter_v into_o his_o office_n again_o he_o be_v send_v back_o to_o his_o house_n to_o spend_v the_o remain_a time_n of_o his_o mourn_a before_o he_o may_v appear_v there_o the_o number_n of_o three_o year_n be_v strict_o observe_v for_o a_o acknowledgement_n that_o the_o three_o first_o year_n they_o be_v carry_v more_o in_o their_o parent_n arm_n than_o on_o their_o own_o leg_n wherefore_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o obedience_n they_o may_v not_o err_v from_o that_o order_n which_o their_o predecessor_n maintain_v the_o woman_n mourn_v but_o one_o year_n the_o near_a relation_n three_o month_n and_o the_o acquaintance_n three_o day_n and_o because_o these_o accident_n often_o happen_v there_o be_v few_o but_o what_o have_v mourn_a coat_n lie_v ready_a by_o they_o thus_o far_o semedo_n father_n adrian_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr cortes_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o chineses_n mourn_v for_o their_o parent_n after_o this_o manner_n viz._n the_o ordinary_a mourn_a coat_n which_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n wear_v be_v very_o wide_a make_v of_o course_n white_a hemp_n raveled_a and_o full_a of_o patch_n the_o son_n carry_v a_o cane_n in_o their_o hand_n on_o which_o they_o lean_v when_o their_o father_n die_v but_o when_o their_o mother_n die_v a_o stick_n or_o truncheon_n of_o wood._n on_o their_o head_n the_o man_n wear_v a_o bonnet_n of_o course_n linen_n from_o whence_o a_o great_a raveled_a cloth_n hang_v down_o over_o their_o â—…aces_n the_o maid_n wear_v a_o coif_n on_o their_o head_n of_o course_n linen_n a_o girdle_n of_o tow_n â—…yed_v about_o their_o middle_n hang_v down_o with_o one_o end_n to_o the_o ground_n their_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v three_o year_n in_o requital_n as_o we_o say_v of_o their_o three_o first_o year_n in_o which_o their_o parent_n suckle_v and_o carry_v they_o in_o their_o arms._n for_o the_o death_n of_o friend_n they_o mourn_v a_o long_o or_o short_a time_n according_a to_o their_o acquaintance_n and_o obligation_n the_o friend_n of_o the_o decease_a go_v not_o with_o cover_a face_n nor_o stick_v in_o their_o hand_n like_o the_o son_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o insert_v sculp_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o follow_a letter_n and_o figure_n mourn_v habit_n for_o father_n and_o mother_n a_o a_o ordinary_a wide_a coat_n raveled_a and_o with_o many_o patch_n b_o a_o mourn_a cane_n serve_v for_o a_o crutch_n when_o a_o father_n
dies_fw-la c_o a_o mourn_a stick_n for_o a_o mother_n d_o a_o mourn_a cap_n or_o bonnet_n of_o hemp_n for_o the_o death_n of_o father_n or_o mother_n e_o a_o coif_n of_o the_o same_o f_o a_o veil_n for_o woman_n for_o their_o father_n or_o mother_n g_o a_o girdle_n of_o tow_n for_o a_o father_n h_o a_o girdle_n of_o tow_n for_o a_o mother_n mourn_v for_o relation_n which_o be_v neither_o father_n nor_o mother_n 1_o a_o course_n coif_n of_o white_a linen_n 2_o ordinary_a mourn_a stocking_n raveled_a out_o 3_o a_o bonnet_n like_o a_o mitre_n of_o course_n hemp._n 4_o a_o ordinary_a mourn_a girdle_n 5_o raveled_a mourn_a shoe_n 6_o a_o wide_a coat_n much_o raveled_a 7_o a_o apron_n much_o raveled_a after_o the_o death_n of_o either_o father_n or_o mother_n among_o other_o ceremony_n which_o they_o observe_v especial_o at_o the_o funeral_n they_o have_v a_o custom_n not_o to_o sit_v on_o stool_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n nor_o sleep_v on_o bed_n nor_o eat_v flesh_n nor_o drink_v wine_n keep_v from_o their_o wife_n speak_v not_o aloud_o go_v not_o out_o of_o their_o house_n except_o in_o sedan_n cover_v with_o course_n linen_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n more_o till_o time_n have_v wear_v away_o sorrow_n except_o militia_n officer_n all_o person_n be_v oblige_v though_o the_o prime_a colao's_n to_o forsake_v their_o office_n for_o three_o year_n for_o their_o father_n or_o mother_n death_n which_o time_n they_o be_v to_o spend_v in_o mourn_v for_o they_o thus_o far_a de_fw-fr las_fw-fr cortes_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o chineses_n perform_v their_o funeral_n or_o inter_v their_o dead_a but_o the_o tartar_n who_o at_o this_o day_n govern_v the_o realm_n of_o china_n observe_v quite_o another_o manner_n the_o jesuit_n adam_n scall_a describe_v they_o both_o in_o the_o follow_a word_n both_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n say_v he_o take_v a_o peculiar_a care_n for_o the_o bury_n of_o their_o dead_a for_o they_o imagine_v that_o all_o the_o happiness_n of_o their_o successor_n dedepend_v upon_o it_o wherefore_o they_o often_o lay_v by_o three_o four_o five_o hundred_o nay_o a_o thousand_o crown_n in_o their_o life-time_n to_o be_v bestow_v on_o their_o grave_n to_o which_o purpose_n they_o also_o gather_v plank_n of_o cedar_n and_o other_o like_a last_a wood_n which_o they_o send_v for_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o league_n off_o to_o make_v they_o coffin_n wherein_o they_o may_v for_o ever_o as_o they_o suppose_v lie_v secure_a which_o the_o jesuit_n martinius_n testify_v in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v say_v he_o by_o they_o account_v a_o great_a happiness_n for_o he_o who_o before_o his_o 5._o death_n make_v himself_o a_o coffin_n of_o the_o best_a and_o strong_a wood_n some_o of_o which_o cost_v sometime_o two_o thousand_o crown_n for_o they_o send_v for_o the_o most_o durable_a and_o best_a wood_n out_o of_o remote_a country_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o city_n but_o there_o be_v coffin_n to_o be_v sell_v in_o it_o nay_o most_o people_n buy_v they_o before_o their_o death_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o house_n the_o upper_a plank_n say_v scall_a of_o the_o tartar_n coffin_n be_v slope_v like_o a_o roof_n and_o paint_v on_o the_o outside_n not_o regard_v the_o thickness_n of_o the_o plank_n because_o they_o put_v their_o coffin_n to_o no_o other_o use_n than_o to_o hold_v the_o body_n for_o a_o short_a time_n and_o carry_v they_o out_o in_o for_o come_v to_o their_o funeral_n pile_n they_o burn_v the_o coffin_n with_o the_o corpse_n but_o those_o of_o the_o chineses_n be_v narrow_a at_o the_o foot_n and_o broad_a and_o high_a at_o the_o head_n the_o upper_a plank_n smooth_a and_o reach_v over_o the_o side_n that_o the_o thickness_n thereof_o may_v be_v see_v which_o be_v chief_o observe_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o be_v very_o careful_a to_o choose_v a_o burying-place_n for_o if_o they_o have_v not_o land_n of_o their_o own_o than_o they_o purchase_v it_o at_o a_o great_a rate_n those_o place_n be_v principal_o make_v choice_n of_o in_o a_o dry_a soil_n where_o no_o river_n nor_o highway_n be_v near_o nor_o any_o temple_n or_o tower_n but_o must_v be_v on_o a_o plain_a which_o neither_o rise_v before_o nor_o behind_o such_o a_o place_n be_v choose_v they_o surround_v it_o with_o a_o bank_n of_o earth_n like_o a_o half-moon_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o middle_a and_o run_v slope_v down_o on_o both_o side_n yet_o not_o smooth_a but_o scollope-like_a at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o which_o they_o bury_v the_o elder_a and_o below_o he_o on_o each_o side_n the_o son_n and_o nephew_n not_o in_o one_o grave_a but_o every_o one_o apart_o under_o a_o little_a hillock_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o family_n under_o the_o high_a hill_n in_o the_o middle_n on_o a_o stone_n table_n be_v place_v variety_n of_o provision_n perfume_n and_o other_o thing_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o decease_a any_o one_o that_o among_o a_o family_n be_v raise_v to_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n than_o his_o predecessor_n erect_v his_o own_o tomb_n in_o his_o life-time_n whereon_o they_o carve_v the_o shape_v of_o man_n or_o beast_n according_a to_o every_o man_n quality_n and_o estate_n plant_v the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n with_o cedar_n tree_n and_o wall_v round_o the_o tartar_n differ_v herein_o for_o though_o they_o according_a to_o the_o conveniency_n and_o place_n require_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o chineses_n yet_o they_o observe_v not_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o their_o burial_n for_o the_o old_a people_n be_v bury_v apart_o and_o the_o young_a by_o themselves_o the_o chineses_n also_o erect_v a_o tombstone_n on_o which_o be_v engrave_v the_o age_n of_o the_o decease_a his_o office_n and_o the_o emperor_n favour_n to_o he_o and_o to_o prevent_v the_o character_n from_o be_v deface_v and_o the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o deceased_n exploit_n from_o be_v wear_v out_o beside_o the_o tombstone_n they_o bury_v another_o square_a stone_n in_o the_o ground_n with_o the_o same_o inscription_n that_o when_o the_o first_o be_v wear_v out_o that_o may_v appear_v perfect_a and_o serve_v as_o a_o memorial_n of_o all_o his_o achievement_n when_o any_o one_o die_v whoe're_o he_o be_v all_o the_o friend_n and_o relation_n come_v about_o the_o corpse_n cry_v and_o mourn_v over_o it_o person_n of_o quality_n send_v a_o piece_n of_o very_o thin_a white_a linen_n with_o a_o letter_n to_o their_o friend_n to_o acquaint_v they_o of_o the_o dead_a corpse_n who_o at_o a_o appoint_a day_n come_v thither_o bring_v with_o they_o perfume_v wax-candle_n and_o money_n come_v into_o the_o house_n they_o go_v to_o a_o table_n place_v opposite_a to_o the_o coffin_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o hall_n have_v set_v fire_n on_o the_o perfume_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o table_n they_o step_v a_o little_a backwardand_v show_v reverence_n to_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o decease_a paint_a at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o coffin_n by_o kneel_v four_o time_n and_o bow_v their_o head_n to_o the_o ground_n whilst_o they_o make_v a_o mournful_a cry_n these_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v the_o near_a relation_n appear_v also_o on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o coffin_n between_o the_o curtain_n and_o come_v forth_o show_v the_o same_o reverence_n also_o kneel_v and_o bow_v their_o head_n four_o time_n to_o the_o ground_n the_o time_n of_o visit_v end_v the_o near_a kindred_n come_v the_o next_o day_n into_o the_o house_n of_o mourn_v from_o whence_o they_o convey_v the_o corpse_n to_o the_o grave_a or_o at_o least_o to_o the_o city_n gate_n for_o which_o kindness_n the_o child_n go_v from_o house_n to_o house_n in_o sackcloth_n and_o with_o their_o face_n look_v down_o on_o the_o ground_n return_v thanks_o by_o show_v reverence_n to_o their_o visitant_n who_o on_o purpose_n stand_v at_o their_o door_n but_o the_o tartar_n observe_v quite_o another_o way_n of_o inter_v their_o dead_a viz._n on_o the_o same_o day_n that_o any_o one_o die_v the_o corpse_n be_v put_v in_o a_o coffin_n and_o the_o friend_n have_v weep_v over_o it_o in_o the_o house_n they_o carry_v it_o away_o except_o the_o decease_a be_v a_o viceroy_n or_o governor_n the_o relation_n accompany_v the_o hearse_n and_o afterward_o place_v themselves_o in_o row_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o funeral_n pyre_n those_o of_o her_o family_n set_v fire_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o burn_v the_o body_n who_o ash_n on_o the_o three_o day_n be_v gather_v and_o put_v into_o a_o porcelain_n urn_n to_o be_v bury_v yet_o far_o great_a honour_n be_v show_v to_o the_o vice-roys_n whether_o tartar_n or_o chinese_n for_o when_o a_o tartar_n king_n die_v his_o servant_n after_o some_o formal_a lamentation_n be_v place_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o ourt-gate_n that_o they_o may_v be_v see_v hold_v his_o
spectator_n for_o his_o bold_a attempt_n excuse_v his_o unworthiness_n of_o that_o office_n then_o he_o write_v over_o the_o first_o mark_n on_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o board_n with_o black_a ink_n another_o in_o this_o manner_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o then_o that_o which_o signify_v emperor_n be_v change_v and_o be_v as_o much_o as_o lord_n so_o that_o in_o this_o manner_n with_o the_o first_o under_o write_a name_n of_o the_o decease_a a_o full_a sentence_n be_v make_v viz._n the_o lord_n n._n n._n this_o board_n the_o deceased_n friend_n carry_v with_o his_o image_n to_o his_o house_n that_o it_o may_v be_v yearly_o worship_v and_o remember_v by_o his_o predecessor_n so_o soon_o as_o this_o inscription_n be_v finish_v the_o writer_n go_v by_o they_o all_o have_v bow_v and_o kneel_v four_o time_n but_o before_o the_o friend_n depart_v they_o be_v either_o entertain_v in_o a_o house_n raise_v of_o mat_n or_o in_o the_o next_o chapel_n at_o a_o noble_a treat_n at_o which_o the_o first_o cup_n be_v give_v to_o the_o child_n as_o they_o say_v to_o wipe_v off_o their_o tear_n at_o their_o return_n home_o some_o tausus_fw-la or_o conjurer_n come_v to_o the_o mourn_a house_n that_o by_o the_o sprinkle_n of_o certain_a water_n they_o may_v drive_v away_o as_o they_o say_v evil_a spirit_n and_o bring_v peace_n and_o quiet_a to_o the_o house_n the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n use_v one_o colour_n but_o not_o one_o fashion_n for_o their_o mourn_v all_o the_o tartar_n both_o friend_n and_o relation_n wear_v a_o long_a coat_n of_o sackcloth_n reach_v down_o to_o their_o foot_n and_o gird_v it_o about_o their_o middle_n with_o a_o hempen_a cord_n they_o put_v on_o their_o old_a buskin_n and_o worst_a hat_n without_o the_o red_a silk-fringe_n which_o at_o other_o time_n they_o wear_v for_o a_o ornament_n the_o hair_n of_o their_o head_n or_o beard_n be_v not_o shave_v in_o all_o that_o time_n after_o the_o expiration_n of_o a_o month_n every_o one_o throw_v in_o a_o fire_n of_o paper_n and_o other_o such_o like_a material_n their_o mourn_a girdle_n with_o which_o they_o judge_v their_o mourn_a to_o be_v end_v and_o habit_n themselves_o again_o in_o their_o usual_a apparel_n neighbour_n and_o acquaintance_n show_v that_o they_o mourn_v by_o pull_v their_o silk_n fringe_n from_o their_o hat_n the_o tartar_a woman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v change_v their_o apparel_n be_v usual_o black_a into_o white_a their_o coif_n which_o else_o be_v cover_v with_o their_o hair_n resemble_v a_o white_a cap_n with_o tassel_n that_o hang_v over_o their_o shoulder_n the_o chineses_n mourn_v alter_v yearly_a their_o first_o year_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n wear_v all_o over_o their_o body_n a_o suit_n of_o sackcloth_n full_a of_o hole_n with_o shoe_n of_o white_a cloth_n and_o a_o rope_n about_o their_o waste_v seem_v thus_o by_o the_o carelessness_n of_o their_o garb_n to_o express_v their_o sorrow_n for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o parent_n the_o second_o year_n their_o habit_n be_v make_v of_o sleight_n cloth_n their_o hat_n of_o the_o usual_a fashion_n but_o of_o another_o colour_n their_o shoe_n handsome_a and_o their_o girdle_n of_o hemp_n leave_v off_o the_o three_o year_n they_o may_v wear_v silk_n clothes_n and_o their_o hat_n of_o the_o same_o stuff_n but_o white_a or_o else_o of_o the_o usual_a colour_n which_o be_v general_o black_n in_o this_o time_n they_o follow_v no_o employment_n though_o of_o the_o great_a concern_v nor_o may_v sit_v opposite_a to_o or_o by_o the_o visitant_n as_o other_o but_o on_o a_o low_a bench._n in_o the_o first_o month_n they_o not_o only_o abstain_v as_o be_v usual_a in_o fast_n from_o flesh_n fish_n milk_n wine_n and_o the_o like_a but_o eat_v very_o unsavoury_a thing_n neither_o season_v with_o salt_n nor_o herb_n and_o as_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o a_o wife_n brother_n more_o distant_a relation_n or_o friend_n be_v much_o short_a so_o be_v also_o their_o apparel_n and_o meat_n better_o the_o child_n mourn_v for_o their_o parent_n be_v three_o year_n which_o time_n the_o wife_n must_v observe_v for_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n the_o elder_a son_n or_o his_o wife_n be_v by_o his_o parent_n mourn_v for_o a_o year_n and_o as_o long_o a_o time_n the_o man_n mourn_v for_o his_o wife_n and_o one_o brother_n for_o another_o this_o long_a time_n of_o mourn_v observe_v by_o the_o child_n for_o the_o death_n of_o 23._o their_o parent_n have_v as_o martinius_n tell_v we_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o chineses_n ever_o since_o the_o emperor_n xun_n time_n who_o mourn_v for_o his_o predecessor_n ya_fw-mi be_v his_o father_n three_o whole_a year_n at_o his_o grave_n without_o stir_v thence_o and_o entrust_v the_o care_n of_o his_o realm_n during_o that_o time_n to_o his_o vice-roys_n and_o as_o the_o same_o martinius_n add_v from_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o mourn_v in_o that_o manner_n for_o their_o parent_n always_o stay_v in_o their_o house_n lay_v down_o all_o office_n change_v their_o meat_n and_o furniture_n to_o mean_a and_o always_o sit_v on_o a_o low_a bench_n upon_o this_o account_n also_o they_o drink_v no_o wine_n but_o live_v only_o on_o potherb_n their_o clothes_n be_v very_o fantastic_a make_v of_o sackcloth_n their_o lodging_n room_n mean_a nay_o they_o frame_v their_o manner_n of_o speak_v to_o a_o much_o more_o sorrowful_a tone_n and_o whereas_o before_o they_o use_v to_o write_v with_o red_a on_o paper_n streak_v with_o vermilion_n now_o they_o use_v only_o yellow_a or_o blue_a colour_n as_o a_o token_n of_o their_o sorrow_n it_o be_v very_o strange_a to_o observe_v the_o duty_n and_o reverence_n which_o the_o child_n show_v to_o their_o dead_a parent_n wherein_o no_o other_o people_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o they_o for_o many_o though_o magistrate_n when_o observe_v that_o their_o parent_n be_v grow_v very_o old_a have_v need_n of_o their_o help_n they_o desire_v the_o emperor_n to_o excuse_v they_o from_o their_o office_n without_o urge_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o according_a to_o their_o duty_n they_o may_v go_v to_o assist_v their_o age_a father_n which_o the_o emperor_n seldom_o refuse_v as_o to_o what_o concern_v their_o mourn_a three_o year_n the_o chinese_n philosopher_n give_v this_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v most_o fit_a those_o which_o in_o their_o first_o three_o year_n have_v receive_v their_o parent_n love_n shall_v spend_v so_o much_o time_n after_o their_o death_n in_o mourn_v and_o bewail_v their_o loss_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n that_o the_o chineses_n count_v it_o the_o great_a misfortune_n in_o the_o world_n to_o have_v no_o child_n because_o they_o know_v that_o no_o body_n will_v look_v after_o they_o in_o their_o age_n nor_o at_o their_o death_n mourn_v for_o they_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o make_v white_a to_o be_v mourn_v and_o not_o black_a be_v as_o themselves_o say_v because_o white_a be_v natural_a when_o as_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v die_v or_o artificial_a by_o which_o as_o they_o say_v be_v signify_v that_o in_o sorrow_n neither_o art_n nor_o pride_n must_v be_v show_v for_o where_o a_o true_a sorrow_n be_v nature_n sufficient_o express_v it_o thus_o far_o martinius_n with_o great_a preparation_n and_o pomp_n the_o emperor_n zungte_n father_n to_o this_o present_a emperor_n schall_n be_v inter_v the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o eight_o of_o their_o first_o moon_n after_o the_o emperor_n death_n his_o corpse_n be_v put_v into_o the_o coffin_n about_o noon_n there_o be_v not_o one_o tartar_n in_o all_o peking_n that_o serve_v in_o public_a affair_n but_o he_o go_v thither_o with_o his_o wife_n and_o daughter_n which_o so_o throng_v the_o court_n that_o none_o be_v able_a to_o get_v through_o the_o elder_a be_v receive_v into_o the_o first_o court_n next_o the_o emperor_n lodging_n where_o they_o all_o together_o bewail_v his_o death_n with_o many_o loud_a shriek_n and_o cry_n in_o which_o to_o admiration_n they_o obseâ—…e_v a_o exact_a time_n with_o stop_n and_o pause_n as_o in_o music_n after_o all_o the_o tartar_n divide_v into_o eight_o company_n let_v into_o the_o emperor_n hall_n by_o two_o and_o two_o there_o bewail_v his_o death_n they_o go_v away_o and_o make_v room_n for_o other_o so_o that_o the_o cry_v continue_v without_o any_o cessation_n the_o multitude_n still_o go_v out_o and_o come_v in_o mean_a while_n there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o that_o fast_v three_o day_n not_o dare_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o gate_n nor_o their_o servant_n suffer_v to_o bring_v they_o any_o refreshment_n father_n john_n adam_n schall_n at_o that_o time_n present_a there_o take_v compassion_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v ready_a to_o perish_v for_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n petition_v the_o governor_n either_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o provision_n
zukeng_v 7_o 1258_o xxii_o zukia_fw-la 2_o 1225_o xxiii_o linsin_n 63_o 1219_o xxiv_o kent_v 21_o 1198_o xxv_o uvye_fw-mi 4_o 1194_o xxvi_o tait_v 3_o 1191_o xxvii_o tiye_o 37_o 1154_o xxviii_o vhe_fw-it 33_o after_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o house_n of_o xang_n rise_v the_o family_n cheu_n anno_fw-la 1122._o and_o flourish_v till_o anno_fw-la 247._o before_o our_o savior_n nativity_n under_o thirty_o seven_o emperor_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v a_o prince_n call_v fa_n who_o when_o he_o enjoy_v the_o crown_n change_v his_o name_n to_o five_o which_o signify_v valiant_a and_o they_o say_v that_o from_o he_o all_o the_o emperor_n since_o at_o their_o enter_v on_o the_o throne_n change_v their_o name_n he_o possess_v in_o the_o province_n xensi_fw-la a_o country_n name_v cheu_n from_o whence_o the_o family_n receive_v their_o denomination_n before_o christ_n birth_n reign_v year_n 1078_o i._n fa_o or_o u_o 7_o 1115_o ii_o ching_n 38_o 1122_o iii_o kang_n 26_o 1056_o iu_o cha_n 51_o 1001_o v._o mother_n 55_o 946_o vi_o cung_n 12_o 934_o vii_o be_v 25_o 894_o viii_o hia_n 15_o 896_o ix_o be_v 16_o 878_o x._o li_n 38_o 827_o xi_o siveni_fw-la 46_o 781_o xii_o je_fw-fr 11_o 770_o xiii_o ping_n 51_o 719_o fourteen_o you_o 23_o 696_o xv._n chuang_n 15_o 631_o xvi_o li_z 5_o 676_o xvii_o hoei_fw-it 25_o 651_o xviii_o siang_n 33_o 618_o xix_o hiang_n 6_o 612_o xx._n quang_n 6_o 606_o xxi_o fing_v 21_o 585_o xxii_o kien_fw-fr 14_o 571_o xxiii_o ling_n 27_o 544_o xxiv_o king_n 25_o 519_o xxv_o king_n 44_o between_o which_o be_v the_o emperor_n menguen_o who_o reign_v scarce_o a_o month_n  _fw-fr reign_v  _fw-fr year_n 475_o xxvi_o yuen_n 7_o 468_o xxvii_o chint_v 27_o 440_o xxx_o ka_o 15_o ka_o be_v account_v the_o thirty_o for_o after_o chintung_n death_n his_o other_o son_n be_v kiucie_a and_o xocie_n attempt_v for_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n be_v account_v as_o be_v two_o viz._n the_o twenty_o eight_o and_o twenty_o nine_o because_o they_o act_v for_o some_o time_n but_o at_o last_o ka_o master_v they_o become_v absolute_a and_o so_o be_v reckon_v the_o thirty_o  _fw-fr reign_v year_n 542_o xxxi_o gueilie_n 24_o 401_o xxxii_o begin_v 26_o 375_o xxxiii_o lie_v 7_o 368_o xxxiv_o hien_n 48_o 322_o xxxv_o xicini_fw-la 6_o 314_o xxxvi_o foe_n 59_o 254_o xxxvii_o cheukuni_fw-la 9_o after_o the_o house_n of_o cheu_n come_v the_o family_n cin_n under_o their_o advancer_n ching_n who_o be_v afterward_o call_v xi_o in_o the_o year_n 246._o and_o continue_v but_o to_o anno_fw-la 206._o  _fw-fr reign_v year_n 246_o i._n ching_n or_o xi_o 37_o 209_o ii_o ulxi_fw-la 3_o 206_o iii_o ing_n 46_o after_o the_o family_n cin_n the_o house_n of_o han_n follow_v which_o flourish_v till_o anno_fw-la 264._o after_o christ._n the_o first_o raiser_n of_o this_o house_n be_v before_o the_o nativity_n reign_v year_n 206_o i._n lieupang_v or_o kaozu_n 17_o 194_o ii_o hoei_fw-la 7_o 187_o iii_o liuheva_n a_o woman_n 8_o 179_o iu_o veni_fw-la 23_o 156_o v._o hiaok_v 16_o 140_o vi_o hiaou_fw-la 54_o 86_o vii_o hiaoche_n 12_o 74_o viii_o ho_o 7_o 73_o ix_o siveni_fw-la 25_o 48_o x._o juen_v 16_o 32_o xi_o ching_n 26_o 6_o xii_o ngay_n 6_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n every_o one_o in_o their_o family_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n according_a as_o they_o be_v write_v in_o the_o chinese_n chronicle_n translate_v into_o latin_a by_o father_n martin_n but_o those_o that_o have_v reign_v since_o the_o incarnation_n i_o have_v receive_v no_o account_n of_o be_v not_o yet_o render_v to_o we_o in_o any_o other_o language_n after_o the_o family_n of_o han_n arise_v that_o of_o cyn_n and_o flourish_v after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n till_o anno_fw-la 1419._o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v also_o five_o king_n call_v utai_n which_o maintain_v war_n against_o one_o another_o till_o by_o their_o ruin_n the_o family_n tangle_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o china_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o anno_fw-la 618._o in_o the_o year_n 923._o the_o family_n sing_v succeed_v that_o of_o tangle_n and_o reign_v over_o all_o china_n till_o anno_fw-la 1278._o when_o this_o house_n be_v utter_o subdue_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o set_v up_o the_o family_n of_o juen_v which_o govern_v china_n till_o 1368._o in_o which_o year_n rise_v the_o house_n of_o taim_v from_o a_o priest_n call_v chu_n who_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o this_o family_n be_v once_o anno_fw-la 1644._o destroy_v and_o by_o a_o huge_a rebellion_n the_o east_n tartar_n of_o munchu_n be_v invite_v to_o aid_v the_o prince_n but_o the_o way_n once_o open_v they_o swallow_v all_o and_o from_o their_o prince_n name_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n taise_v the_o magistrate_n or_o governor_n in_o china_n take_v in_o general_a be_v of_o two_o degree_n or_o order_n the_o first_o be_v such_o as_o not_o only_o in_o the_o metropolis_n officiate_v the_o place_n of_o privy_a councillor_n but_o from_o thence_o have_v influence_n over_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o other_o be_v such_o as_o govern_v peculiar_a province_n or_o city_n the_o general_a government_n or_o that_o of_o the_o first_o degree_n be_v by_o alvarez_n semedo_n describe_v in_o the_o follow_a word_n the_o prime_a government_n of_o china_n consist_v in_o six_o bench_n chamber_n or_o court_n which_o by_o a_o general_a name_n be_v call_v judicature_n pu_o that_o be_v the_o king_n bench_n these_o manage_v not_o only_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o court_n where_o they_o reside_v but_o like_o the_o head_n on_o which_o all_o the_o other_o depend_v rule_n and_o give_v order_n to_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a place_n every_o council_n have_v his_o precedent_n which_o they_o call_v chamxu_fw-la with_o two_o assistant_n the_o one_o name_v koxilam_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o sit_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n by_o they_o count_v most_o honourable_a and_o the_o other_o yeuxilam_fw-la these_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o profitable_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n except_o that_o of_o kolao's_n so_o that_o a_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o what_o province_n so_o ere_o it_o be_v after_o he_o have_v give_v testimony_n of_o his_o capacity_n if_o he_o will_v be_v promoted_n think_v himself_o well_o provide_v for_o though_o not_o a_o prime_a councillor_n to_o be_v only_o one_o of_o the_o assistant_n that_o sit_v on_o the_o left_a or_o right_a hand_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o council_n of_o ten_o which_o be_v of_o equal_a dignity_n only_o distinguish_v by_o several_a title_n and_o decide_v of_o different_a cause_n to_o these_o be_v to_o be_v add_v the_o vast_a number_n of_o great_a and_o lesser_a officer_n as_o notary_n secretary_n clerk_n servant_n officer_n and_o such_o as_o we_o call_v bailiff_n beside_o many_o other_o not_o know_v in_o europe_n the_o first_o council_n or_o court_n which_o have_v the_o great_a command_n and_o receive_v the_o high_a present_n and_o great_a fee_n be_v the_o council_n of_o state_n call_v lipu_n that_o be_v proper_o council_n of_o magistrate_n for_o pu_o signify_v a_o council_n and_o li_n magistrate_n to_o these_o belong_v all_o the_o office_n in_o the_o empire_n to_o change_v or_o promote_v they_o for_o he_o who_o be_v once_o in_o a_o employment_n rise_v continual_o by_o degree_n to_o high_a dignity_n they_o have_v also_o power_n to_o restore_v those_o to_o their_o employment_n that_o be_v displace_v as_o if_o a_o mandarin_n be_v for_o some_o misdemeanour_n put_v out_o of_o his_o place_n he_o may_v easy_o obtain_v it_o again_o if_o he_o be_v in_o favour_n with_o this_o council_n the_o second_o bench_n be_v call_v pimpu_n that_o be_v council_n of_o war_n which_o have_v as_o great_a a_o command_n as_o those_o of_o state_n viz._n over_o all_o the_o militia_n with_o the_o school_n and_o academy_n and_o for_o instruction_n of_o youth_n in_o martial_a discipline_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o arms._n the_o three_o be_v of_o the_o custom_n call_v limpu_n which_o though_o not_o of_o great_a command_n yet_o they_o be_v of_o no_o less_o quality_n for_o the_o mandarin_n in_o which_o it_o consist_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o emperor_n council_n hanlin_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o kolao's_n the_o prime_a place_n of_o honour_n in_o china_n this_o council_n have_v knowledge_n of_o all_o letter_n and_o likewise_o of_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n bonzy_n stranger_n and_o the_o like_a the_o four_o council_n be_v that_o of_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n call_v hupu_n which_o take_v care_n to_o get_v in_o the_o emperor_n treasure_n custom_n farm_n and_o in_o general_a all_o thing_n that_o bring_v in_o money_n the_o five_o call_v cumpu_n look_v after_o all_o business_n of_o building_n and_o architecture_n and_o especial_o what_o belong_v
abound_v with_o silk_n ebony-wood_n date-tree_n and_o araka_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n chew_v with_o betel-leaves_a as_o also_o the_o indian_n who_o call_v it_o makinnang_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n of_o china_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v their_o manner_n of_o husbandry_n and_o the_o description_n of_o some_o plant_n that_o belong_v proper_o to_o china_n we_o will_v here_o treat_v at_o large_a of_o their_o manner_n of_o husbandry_n the_o emperor_n venus_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 197_o before_o the_o incarnation_n promote_v husbandry_n then_o decay_v by_o the_o continual_a war_n with_o great_a zeal_n and_o put_v his_o own_o hand_n to_o the_o work_n that_o by_o his_o example_n he_o may_v oblige_v all_o the_o great_a nobleman_n to_o follow_v he_o he_o cause_v all_o woman_n to_o plant_v mulbery-tree_n and_o breed_v silkworm_n from_o the_o example_n of_o his_o empress_n who_o he_o enjoin_v to_o set_v the_o forementioned_a tree_n and_o breed_v silkworm_n in_o his_o palace_n insomuch_o that_o all_o the_o clothes_n she_o wear_v and_o which_o be_v use_v in_o their_o religious_a ceremony_n be_v of_o her_o make_n it_o be_v credible_a that_o from_o hence_o the_o high_a feast_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v hinchun_v have_v its_o original_n this_o may_v well_o be_v term_v the_o countrey-man_n holiday_n for_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la this_o day_n be_v by_o the_o chinese_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n keep_v with_o great_a solemnity_n by_o all_o degree_n of_o person_n in_o every_o city_n and_o in_o the_o metropolis_n peking_n itself_o after_o this_o manner_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n crown_v with_o a_o garland_n of_o flower_n go_v to_o the_o eastern_a gate_n of_o the_o city_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o instrument_n play_v before_o he_o and_o attend_v with_o a_o number_n of_o burn_a torch_n and_o flag_n behind_o follow_v a_o train_n of_o man_n which_o carry_v several_a dish_n of_o meat_n to_o tree_n whereon_o hang_v the_o ancient_a monument_n of_o husbandry_n be_v either_o make_v of_o wood_n or_o some_o other_o material_a and_o set_v forth_o with_o silk_n and_o cloth_n of_o gold_n in_o several_a place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v stand_v triumphal_a arch_n and_o all_o the_o street_n be_v hang_v with_o tapestry_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o nobleman_n go_v to_o the_o eastern_a gate_n as_o it_o be_v to_o meet_v the_o approach_a spring_n the_o chief_a pageantry_n of_o this_o solemnity_n be_v a_o cow_n of_o bake_v clay_n so_o big_a that_o forty_o man_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o carry_v it_o the_o other_o be_v a_o youth_n who_o they_o call_v the_o careful_a and_o industrious_a spirit_n who_o go_v bare_a with_o one_o leg_n and_o the_o other_o cover_v with_o a_o stocking_n continual_o strike_v the_o cow_n on_o the_o back_n with_o a_o switch_n then_o follow_v divers_a countryman_n carry_v spade_n shovel_n axe_n and_o the_o like_a tool_n use_v in_o husbandry_n yet_o nothing_o of_o what_o they_o carry_v or_o do_v but_o represent_v a_o peculiar_a secret_n as_o by_o the_o continual_a beat_n on_o the_o cow_n they_o signify_v what_o care_v the_o husbandman_n must_v take_v in_o the_o manure_n of_o his_o land_n by_o the_o youth_n go_v with_o one_o leg_n bare_a and_o the_o other_o antical_o clad_v they_o express_v what_o speed_n they_o must_v use_v to_o go_v to_o their_o labour_n and_o scarce_o allow_v time_n to_o cloth_n themselves_o when_o the_o whole_a train_n be_v lead_v to_o the_o king_n be_v or_o governor_n palace_n the_o stone_n cow_n be_v bereave_v of_o all_o her_o garland_n and_o other_o ornamental_n out_o of_o her_o open_a belly_n like_o as_o from_o the_o trojan_a horse_n little_a clayie_a ox_n be_v draw_v in_o great_a number_n of_o which_o the_o emperor_n send_v one_o to_o every_o governor_n with_o admonishment_n that_o the_o subject_n will_v be_v careful_a and_o diligent_a in_o the_o tilling_n of_o their_o land_n and_o leave_v not_o a_o acre_n unsow_v and_o among_o other_o ceremony_n the_o emperor_n himself_o plows_v and_o throw_v seed_n on_o the_o ground_n that_o day_n the_o emperor_n hiaou_fw-la though_o when_o he_o be_v grow_v very_o old_a betake_v himself_o three_o year_n before_o his_o death_n to_o husbandry_n and_o forsake_v all_o kind_n of_o state_n affair_n plough_v and_o sow_a the_o ground_n himself_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o may_v show_v good_a example_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o stir_v they_o up_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o husbandry_n then_o inquire_v out_o experience_a planter_n command_v they_o to_o go_v through_o his_o whole_a dominion_n and_o teach_v all_o people_n the_o way_n of_o husbandry_n to_o which_o purpose_n they_o find_v out_o all_o sort_n of_o implement_n or_o tool_n useful_a in_o tillage_n and_o many_o other_o the_o like_a thing_n which_o be_v require_v in_o husbandry_n so_o that_o we_o may_v now_o cease_v from_o wonder_v that_o former_o mean_a rustic_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o plough_n to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n and_o sole_a monarchy_n of_o all_o china_n when_o we_o see_v that_o emperor_n descend_v from_o the_o throne_n to_o the_o plough_n nay_o which_o be_v more_o manage_v the_o empire_n and_o the_o plough_n at_o once_o the_o ancient_a chinese_n emperor_n and_o king_n have_v have_v several_a law_n concern_v husbandry_n husbandry_n among_o which_o be_v these_o the_o nineteen_o part_n of_o whatsoever_o the_o soil_n produce_v fall_v to_o the_o emperor_n the_o governor_n ought_v in_o time_n of_o famine_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o subject_n good_n and_o estate_n and_o tax_v they_o according_a to_o their_o quality_n the_o divide_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n every_o person_n be_v to_o have_v a_o equal_a share_n and_o one_o family_n no_o more_o than_o the_o other_o all_o the_o field_n be_v divide_v into_o great_a square_n and_o these_o again_o into_o nine_o lesser_a of_o which_o each_o person_n have_v one_o to_o manure_v but_o the_o middlemost_a be_v either_o the_o emperor_n or_o the_o king_n be_v square_a which_o be_v also_o by_o eight_o overseer_n till_v on_o the_o emperor_n account_n the_o eight_o square_n be_v call_v peculiar_a acre_n but_o the_o middlemost_a the_o cammon_n or_o free_a square_n which_o when_o leave_v untilled_a no_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o manure_v his_o own_o nativity_n the_o emperor_n xinnung_n first_o invent_v the_o plough_n and_o other_o necessary_a thing_n for_o husbandry_n and_o teach_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o sow_n wheat_n rice_n barley_n maiz_n or_o turkish_a corn_n and_o other_o grain_n 45._o the_o emperor_n thou_o who_o reign_v anno_fw-la 2207._o before_o the_o nativity_n have_v write_v many_o thing_n concern_v tillage_n viz._n after_o what_o manner_n the_o field_n of_o every_o county_n be_v to_o be_v till_v and_o sow_v for_o he_o have_v gain_v excellent_a knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o several_a soil_n to_o which_o he_o attain_v by_o his_o own_o industry_n and_o observe_v their_o situation_n among_o river_n concern_v which_o he_o also_o write_v several_a treatise_n and_o from_o his_o write_n the_o chineses_n observe_v several_a rule_n in_o their_o tilling_n according_a to_o the_o several_a quality_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o mountain_n be_v also_o in_o china_n manure_v after_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n but_o in_o no_o province_n so_o much_o as_o in_o that_o of_o fokien_fw-fr because_o there_o be_v the_o most_o mountain_n michael_n boem_n observe_v that_o the_o country_n of_o china_n be_v exceed_o fruitful_a not_o only_o in_o the_o produce_v of_o indian_a especial_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o also_o all_o sort_n of_o european_a fruit_n beside_o other_o sole_o belong_v to_o itself_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o consider_v how_o many_o excellent_a fruit_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o fifteen_o province_n of_o china_n enjoy_v for_o those_o province_n which_o want_v any_o sort_n of_o fruit_n be_v furnish_v by_o their_o neighbour_n with_o those_o which_o they_o have_v not_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o have_v all_o the_o year_n long_o fresh_a fruit_n even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n for_o in_o some_o province_n the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a in_o november_n december_n january_n and_o february_n in_o other_o in_o march_z april_n may_n and_o june_n and_o in_o some_o in_o july_n august_n september_n and_o october_n the_o manner_n of_o nurse_n up_o of_o young_a plant_n among_o the_o chinese_n and_o most_o indian_n be_v three_o several_a way_n the_o first_o be_v by_o bury_v of_o the_o fruit_n and_o seed_n together_o in_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o chinese_n gardener_n put_v whole_a golden_a apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o then_o plant_v the_o sprouts_n which_o shoot_v from_o the_o seed_n at_o a_o distance_n from_o one_o another_o by_o which_o mean_v they_o grow_v in_o
they_o be_v great_a lover_n be_v never_o make_v without_o either_o flesh_n or_o fish_n the_o emperor_n vhe_fw-it who_o begin_v his_o reign_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n anno_fw-la 1150._o first_o use_v stick_n of_o ivory_n to_o eat_v with_o and_o ivory_n dish_n but_o these_o stick_n be_v not_o always_o make_v of_o ivory_n but_o sometime_o of_o ebony_n or_o some_o other_o such_o like_a material_n and_o tip_v only_o at_o the_o end_n with_o which_o they_o touch_v the_o meat_n with_o silver_n or_o gold_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o county_n junningfu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n a_o rustic_a and_o savage_a people_n use_v not_o the_o forementioned_a stick_n but_o put_v the_o meat_n into_o their_o mouth_n soop_v it_o down_o by_o whole_a handful_n the_o chineses_n sit_v at_o their_o table_n on_o high_a and_o artificial_a wrought_v stool_n and_o not_o cross-legged_a like_o the_o tartar_n ancient_o they_o use_v neither_o stool_n nor_o table_n but_o sit_v on_o the_o ground_n cross-legged_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o most_o of_o the_o asiatic_a and_o african_a people_n yet_o do_v insomuch_o that_o they_o have_v but_o one_o character_n for_o a_o table_n and_o a_o carpet_n table_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n near_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n have_fw-mi which_o ever_o since_o they_o have_v observe_v and_o have_v they_o and_o their_o stool_n very_o curious_a they_o use_v many_o ceremony_n as_o well_o in_o the_o middle_n as_o in_o the_o beginning_n oâ—…_n end_v of_o their_o feast_n the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n as_o their_o taster_n first_o sit_v down_o when_o he_o have_v take_v a_o morsel_n and_o taste_v the_o liquor_n then_o recommend_v invite_v his_o friend_n to_o sit_v down_o and_o do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o feast_n they_o change_v their_o small_a dish_n into_o great_a and_o all_o present_a master_n and_o whatsoever_o have_v the_o freedom_n of_o drink_v what_o they_o please_v but_o none_o enforce_v to_o more_o person_n of_o quality_n make_v feast_n when_o they_o return_v from_o a_o journey_n and_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o one_o man_n will_v go_v to_o seven_o or_o eight_o feast_n in_o a_o day_n only_o to_o oblige_v his_o friend_n by_o his_o presence_n when_o they_o have_v time_n they_o send_v some_o day_n before_o letter_n to_o peculiar_a friend_n desire_v they_o to_o come_v to_o their_o feast_n which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v otherwise_o engage_v than_o they_o excuse_v themselves_o again_o by_o a_o letter_n and_o they_o put_v off_o their_o feast_n till_o they_o can_v come_v with_o which_o they_o acquaint_v they_o by_o another_o letter_n call_v a_o letter_n of_o request_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v those_o that_o be_v there_o first_o stay_v without_o in_o a_o hall_n till_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v come_v than_o they_o go_v into_o the_o dining-room_n where_o the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n use_v some_o ceremony_n put_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o readiness_n which_o do_v every_o one_o seat_n himself_o according_a to_o his_o quality_n and_o the_o invitor_fw-la sit_v down_o in_o state_n to_o animate_v his_o guest_n to_o eat_v and_o drink_v they_o sit_v a_o loâ—…g_a while_n at_o table_n for_o beside_o their_o discourse_n they_o have_v music_n and_o comedian_n who_o straight_o personate_v whatever_o they_o call_v for_o or_o desire_n their_o feast_n end_v in_o many_o compliment_n which_o the_o guest_n make_v to_o the_o master_n to_o who_o they_o send_v a_o letter_n the_o next_o morning_n extol_v the_o noble_a entertainment_n and_o all_o thing_n thereto_o belong_v and_o hearty_a thanks_o for_o the_o honour_n which_o they_o receive_v by_o it_o the_o chineses_n as_o trigaut_n witness_v eat_v all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n which_o we_o have_v in_o europe_n and_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o dress_v and_o prepare_v they_o but_o they_o bring_v but_o very_o little_a of_o a_o sort_n to_o their_o table_n for_o they_o account_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o feast_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o variety_n of_o petits_fw-fr and_o hotch-potches_a neither_o do_v they_o eat_v flesh_n and_o fish_n apart_o as_o we_o but_o mix_v they_o together_o moreover_o no_o manner_n of_o meat_n be_v once_o put_v on_o the_o table_n be_v take_v away_o till_o dinner_n be_v end_v wherefore_o they_o not_o only_o fill_v the_o table_n set_v one_o dish_n by_o another_o but_o heap_v they_o up_o like_o their_o own_o turret_n no_o bread_n nor_o rice_n be_v set_v on_o the_o table_n before_o the_o guest_n except_o at_o some_o small_a feast_n or_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n if_o there_o be_v than_o they_o drink_v no_o wine_n for_o the_o chineses_n drink_v not_o any_o before_o rice_n they_o have_v also_o several_a game_n at_o their_o feast_n like_o we_o where_o every_o one_o that_o lose_v be_v force_v to_o take_v up_o his_o cup_n at_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n rejoice_v and_o clap_v their_o hand_n the_o chineses_n be_v very_o mannerly_a at_o meal_n and_o keep_v their_o dinner_n early_o mushroom_n they_o account_v a_o great_a dainty_a send_v for_o they_o from_o the_o mountain_n tienno_n lie_v in_o the_o county_n of_o hancheufu_n belong_v to_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o small_a city_n lingan_n they_o be_v carry_v through_o all_o china_n and_o be_v salt_v and_o dry_v last_o good_a a_o whole_a year_n they_o steep_v they_o first_o in_o water_n before_o they_o boil_v they_o by_o which_o mean_v they_o become_v as_o fresh_a again_o as_o when_o first_o gather_v in_o no_o place_n in_o all_o china_n be_v more_o butter_n and_o milk_n use_v than_o in_o the_o city_n of_o siâ—…euf_n sucheu_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v for_o martinius_n relate_v that_o he_o see_v none_o in_o any_o place_n else_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n in_o prepare_v their_o meat_n with_o sugar_n salt_n vinegar_n wine_n and_o herb_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o twelve_o county_n xunningfu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n a_o savage_a people_n stick_v not_o to_o eat_v according_a to_o the_o forementioned_a martinius_n all_o manner_n of_o creature_n that_o be_v not_o venomous_a the_o people_n of_o the_o four_o territory_n chingvenfu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o have_v no_o salt_n but_o use_v the_o ash_n of_o a_o herb_n call_v cow_n in_o stead_n thereof_o among_o those_o of_o the_o province_n kiangsi_n be_v some_o which_o all_o the_o year_n long_o gather_v up_o the_o bone_n of_o dead_a cattle_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o porcelain_z dish_n at_o their_o feast_n to_o fill_v up_o their_o empty_a platter_n that_o their_o dish_n may_v be_v heap_v one_o upon_o another_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n marriage_n and_o matrimonial_a ceremony_n three_o thousand_o year_n since_o to_o this_o day_n according_a to_o a_o inviolable_a law_n marriage_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o china_n ancient_o they_o use_v many_o ceremony_n in_o betrthe_v each_o other_o and_o among_o other_o to_o give_v their_o hand_n as_o we_o do_v but_o most_o of_o they_o be_v change_v some_o quite_o extinguish_v and_o other_o new_a at_o this_o day_n they_o observe_v two_o kind_n of_o marriage_n one_o firm_a as_o with_o we_o not_o to_o be_v dissolve_v but_o by_o the_o death_n of_o one_o or_o both_o in_o this_o the_o woman_n be_v conduct_v with_o many_o ceremony_n to_o her_o husband_n house_n the_o second_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o concubinate_a yet_o suffer_v by_o that_o country_n among_o such_o as_o have_v no_o child_n but_o that_o limitation_n be_v a_o mere_a pretence_n for_o the_o rich_a take_v concubine_n or_o mistress_n without_o any_o scruple_n though_o they_o have_v several_a child_n in_o this_o the_o betrthe_v differ_v much_o from_o that_o of_o a_o true_a and_o lawful_a marriage_n for_o here_o they_o treat_v with_o the_o repute_a father_n or_o foster_n of_o a_o maiden_n which_o in_o truth_n have_v no_o relation_n but_o have_v only_o bring_v they_o up_o with_o intent_n to_o sell_v they_o to_o the_o first_o amorous_a chapman_n but_o to_o speak_v proper_o this_o be_v no_o marriage_n because_o neither_o any_o promise_n nor_o matrimonial_a ceremony_n pass_v between_o they_o for_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n permit_v all_o woman_n to_o take_v any_o other_o man_n if_o the_o first_o have_v put_v she_o off_o beside_o these_o concubine_n eat_v apart_o by_o themselves_o in_o peculiar_a room_n and_o be_v under_o obedience_n of_o the_o lawful_a wife_n be_v at_o their_o command_n as_o servant_n on_o all_o occasion_n neither_o do_v their_o child_n show_v that_o obedience_n to_o they_o as_o those_o of_o the_o lawful_a wife_n do_v neither_o call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mother_n at_o their_o death_n those_o child_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o mourn_v three_o year_n nor_o desist_v from_o their_o study_n
nor_o leave_v their_o employment_n or_o government_n as_o the_o legitimate_a issue_n do_v at_o their_o father_n or_o mother_n death_n at_o the_o man_n decease_n the_o legal_a wife_n and_o child_n possess_v the_o estate_n in_o common_a but_o if_o the_o wife_n die_v the_o concubine_n still_o remain_v with_o the_o husband_n and_o so_o do_v the_o child_n if_o she_o have_v any_o there_o be_v some_o that_o take_v mistress_n only_o to_o beget_v son_n who_o when_o grow_v and_o mature_a if_o the_o lawful_a wife_n do_v not_o affect_v they_o be_v send_v abroad_o or_o else_o marry_v to_o some_o other_o yet_o the_o child_n that_o be_v thus_o beget_v and_o bear_v acknowledge_v no_o other_o mother_n than_o the_o true_a and_o lawful_a wife_n widow_n be_v permit_v to_o marry_v if_o they_o please_v but_o modest_a and_o chaste_a woman_n seldom_o do_v though_o young_a and_o without_o child_n but_o live_v retire_v in_o their_o father-in-law_n house_n for_o which_o they_o be_v high_o esteem_v in_o lawful_a marriage_n they_o common_o observe_v the_o constitution_n quality_n condition_n and_o likeness_n of_o the_o person_n but_o in_o the_o other_o they_o look_v only_o upon_o beauty_n and_o breed_n none_o according_a to_o their_o law_n may_v marry_v their_o father_n relation_n in_o what_o degree_n soever_o nor_o with_o a_o person_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o free_o with_o their_o mother_n friend_n though_o never_o so_o near_o ally_v a_o virgin_n seldom_o marry_v a_o widower_n they_o be_v call_v the_o bed_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o house_n no_o marriage_n be_v contract_v without_o a_o procurator_n though_o they_o have_v be_v never_o so_o great_a friend_n to_o which_o purpose_n one_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o man_n and_o woman_n who_o folllow_v no_o other_o trade_n the_o bridegroom_n never_o see_v his_o bride_n but_o at_o the_o go_n in_o of_o the_o door_n where_o he_o receive_v she_o as_o his_o wife_n the_o father_n bestow_v their_o child_n in_o marriage_n when_o they_o be_v very_o young_a and_o sometime_o in_o their_o infancy_n nay_o before_o they_o be_v bear_v whether_o male_a or_o female_a their_o promise_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v faithful_o perform_v notwithstanding_o the_o father_n die_v before_o the_o time_n except_o one_o of_o the_o betroth_a happen_v to_o be_v defame_v and_o lose_v his_o estate_n or_o both_o party_n disagree_v if_o the_o son_n for_o some_o private_a reason_n will_v not_o perform_v his_o father_n command_n he_o may_v be_v force_v to_o it_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o bride_n or_o bridegroom_n portion_n till_o their_o father_n death_n among_o person_n of_o mean_a quality_n it_o be_v not_o customary_a to_o buy_v woman_n but_o only_o they_o give_v their_o bride_n father_n a_o piece_n of_o money_n to_o buy_v her_o garment_n and_o attire_n according_a to_o their_o capacity_n from_o whence_o perhaps_o some_o have_v aver_v by_o mistake_n that_o the_o chineses_n buy_v their_o wife_n person_n of_o quality_n never_o speak_v of_o the_o bride_n portion_n because_o her_o father_n be_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n to_o do_v what_o he_o can_v and_o to_o provide_v they_o householdstuff_n from_o the_o door_n as_o they_o say_v there_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o chimney_n except_o the_o bed_n all_o which_o seldom_o amount_v to_o above_o fifty_o crown_n so_o low_a a_o price_n do_v good_n bear_v in_o china_n beside_o which_o the_o father_n give_v his_o daughter_n two_o or_o three_o maid_n to_o wait_v upon_o she_o and_o some_o silver_n but_o never_o land_n or_o house_n unless_o he_o be_v very_o rich_a or_o else_o marry_v she_o to_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n or_o that_o he_o have_v no_o heir_n male_a himself_o after_o they_o be_v betroth_v with_o their_o parent_n consent_n then_o begin_v their_o compliment_n and_o courtship_n and_o first_o the_o bridegroom_n send_v the_o bride_n a_o present_a of_o some_o delicate_a meat_n wine_n and_o fruit_n second_o the_o marriage-day_n be_v pitch_v upon_o by_o astronomer_n with_o great_a ceremony_n three_o the_o bride_n name_v inquire_v for_o last_o the_o bridegroom_n must_v send_v she_o some_o jewel_n pendant_n and_o precious_a gem_n the_o day_n before_o the_o bride_n come_v home_o to_o her_o husband_n house_n her_o good_n be_v carry_v thither_o from_o her_o father_n at_o noonday_n by_o certain_a people_n employ_v for_o that_o purpose_n who_o walk_v two_o by_o two_o some_z carrying_z table_n other_o chest_n curtain_n hang_n and_o the_o like_a the_o next_o day_n as_o it_o be_v customary_a in_o some_o province_n the_o new_a marry_v man_n his_o father_n and_o near_a relation_n go_v to_o seek_v the_o bride_n who_o have_v find_v they_o conduct_v home_o in_o state_n in_o a_o sedan_n in_o other_o province_n more_o to_o the_o south_n the_o man_n send_v one_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o fetch_v his_o bride_n in_o a_o sedan_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n rich_o line_v behind_o follow_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n with_o torch_n and_o lantern_n after_o the_o mother_n have_v do_v the_o last_o office_n for_o she_o that_o she_o shall_v do_v as_o a_o maid_n and_o bid_v her_o farewell_n than_o she_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o the_o sedan_n and_o the_o key_n send_v before_o to_o her_o husband_n mother_n as_o she_o go_v along_o the_o near_a relation_n walk_v before_o and_o the_o servant-maid_n give_v she_o by_o her_o father_n go_v on_o each_o side_n of_o their_o mistress_n when_o they_o come_v thither_o her_o mother-in-law_n unlock_v the_o sedan_n and_o desire_v she_o to_o come_v forth_o present_v she_o to_o her_o husband_n which_o do_v they_o both_o walk_v to_o a_o private_a chapel_n in_o which_o the_o image_n of_o their_o predecessor_n be_v erect_v where_o have_v kneel_v four_o time_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o those_o ceremony_n they_o come_v and_o show_v the_o same_o reverence_n to_o their_o father_n sit_v in_o a_o large_a hall_n on_o stool_n then_o the_o bride_n go_v away_o with_o her_o mother-in-law_n chambermaid_n and_o matchmaker_n into_o the_o woman_n lodging_n which_o be_v keep_v so_o strict_o that_o none_o dare_v offer_v to_o look_v into_o they_o no_o not_o the_o father-in-law_n himself_o or_o her_o own_o brother_n so_o that_o when_o a_o father_n will_v punish_v his_o son_n for_o a_o offence_n which_o be_v often_o do_v notwithstanding_o he_o be_v marry_v he_o be_v safe_a as_o in_o a_o sanctuary_n if_o he_o can_v but_o get_v into_o his_o wife_n chamber_n because_o his_o father_n dare_v not_o come_v thither_o nor_o speak_v with_o his_o son_n wife_n except_o on_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n such_o be_v their_o care_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o modesty_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o woman_n they_o be_v also_o seldom_o permit_v to_o go_v abroad_o except_o on_o necessity_n and_o then_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o sedan_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o when_o lock_v up_o not_o the_o least_o cranny_n through_o which_o she_o can_v peep_v the_o woman_n in_o their_o privacy_n to_o pass_v away_o the_o time_n entertain_v themselves_o with_o little_a dog_n bird_n and_o the_o like_a pleaser_n of_o fancy_n a_o month_n after_o the_o marriage_n day_n the_o bride_n return_v to_o her_o own_o house_n which_o they_o call_v queinim_n that_o be_v return_v to_o rest._n all_o the_o son_n have_v equal_a share_n of_o their_o father_n good_n and_o those_o of_o the_o concubine_n as_o the_o beget_v of_o lawful_a wife_n for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o father_n be_v the_o only_a person_n that_o be_v consider_v but_o as_o for_o the_o daughter_n they_o receive_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v give_v they_o on_o their_o marriage_n day_n if_o the_o father_n die_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n than_o her_o brother_n be_v to_o provide_v for_o she_o and_o likewise_o if_o her_o father_n have_v waste_v or_o give_v away_o all_o his_o estate_n by_o marry_v of_o his_o child_n than_o the_o brother_n be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v themselves_o there_o be_v some_o peculiar_a family_n whereof_o the_o elder_a inherit_v notwithstanding_o he_o have_v several_a other_o brother_n the_o child_n be_v call_v quecun_fw-la chu-hui_a heupe_n cheihei_n and_o with_o many_o ceremony_n as_o trigaut_n witness_v they_o betrothe_v one_o another_o which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o parent_n when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o infancy_n but_o one_o thing_n they_o chief_o observe_v which_o be_v that_o the_o bridegroom_n differ_v not_o many_o year_n in_o the_o age_n of_o the_o bride_n this_o promise_v or_o betrthe_v the_o parent_n make_v between_o themselves_o without_o acquaint_v the_o child_n who_o nevertheless_o always_o consent_n all_o person_n of_o quality_n marry_v with_o their_o equal_n choose_v their_o wife_n of_o as_o good_a family_n as_o themselves_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o concubine_n which_o every_o one_o keep_v
his_o concubine_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o nineteen_o year_n of_o his_o age_n together_o with_o his_o wife_n child_n and_o most_o of_o his_o family_n except_o one_o nephew_n but_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v strange_o besot_v with_o the_o study_n of_o alchemy_n thereby_o â—…igaut_fw-fr to_o get_v the_o philosophers-stone_n by_o which_o they_o not_o only_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o turn_v all_o thing_n to_o gold_n and_o silver_n but_o also_o that_o elixir_n make_v they_o immortal_a which_o many_o emperor_n before_o and_o since_o the_o nativity_n have_v endeavour_v to_o attain_v to_o the_o chineses_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v rule_n and_o commandment_n of_o both_o these_o art_n find_v out_o first_o by_o very_a ancient_n learned_a which_o the_o chineses_n reckon_v among_o their_o saint_n and_o afterward_o from_o one_o to_o another_o deliver_v to_o their_o successor_n they_o say_v also_o that_o these_o first_o inventor_n after_o have_v perform_v many_o excellent_a and_o sovereign_a work_n ascend_v both_o with_o soul_n and_o 〈◊〉_d together_o to_o heaven_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o grow_v weary_a live_n on_o earth_n they_o also_o tell_v we_o that_o ancient_o a_o person_n live_v without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n nanchang_n which_o assist_v many_o needy_a people_n and_o â—…ast_o pâ—…ntiful_a alm_n among_o the_o poor_a because_o he_o by_o the_o art_n of_o chemistry_n can_v make_v pure_a silver_n he_o also_o say_v they_o have_v by_o the_o help_n of_o divine_a art_n a_o dragon_n who_o threaten_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o city_n after_o which_o have_v chain_v he_o to_o a_o iron_n column_n of_o a_o exceed_a bigness_n he_o his_o whole_a house_n and_o family_n ascend_v up_o to_o heaven_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o citizen_n out_o of_o a_o superstition_n erect_v a_o great_a chapel_n for_o he_o and_o the_o forementioned_a iron_n column_n the_o better_a to_o keep_v up_o the_o reputation_n of_o the_o fable_n be_v there_o to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n but_o however_o they_o decline_v the_o convert_n of_o metal_n into_o gold_n or_o silver_n by_o the_o stone_n yet_o the_o emperor_n himself_o and_o most_o eminent_a person_n of_o the_o empire_n make_v it_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o business_n to_o study_v immortality_n from_o the_o promise_a restauration_n of_o youth_n by_o the_o wonderful_a operation_n of_o this_o elixir_n to_o which_o purpose_n as_o there_o be_v many_o student_n so_o there_o be_v no_o want_n of_o master_n and_o the_o whole_a city_n of_o peking_n every_o where_o pester_v with_o their_o laboratory_n and_o though_o never_o so_o much_o delude_v yet_o fresh_a hope_n carry_v they_o on_o with_o a_o fervent_a desire_n to_o bring_v their_o work_n to_o perfection_n be_v persuade_v by_o these_o mountebank_n that_o their_o fail_n happen_v from_o some_o mistake_n but_o now_o if_o they_o will_v begin_v again_o they_o make_v no_o question_n be_v since_o better_v inform_v to_o finish_v the_o so_o long_o expect_v and_o happy_a work_n but_o before_o we_o leave_v our_o alchemist_n take_v this_o from_o martinius_n which_o he_o tell_v of_o the_o emperor_n hiaou_fw-la who_o have_v not_o his_o equal_a among_o the_o chinese_n he_o be_v as_o their_o history_n say_v much_o transport_v with_o a_o belief_n that_o by_o this_o art_n he_o may_v not_o only_o be_v the_o wealthy_a the_o happy_a and_o the_o great_a of_o all_o prince_n but_o also_o be_v crown_v with_o immortality_n from_o hence_o he_o receive_v the_o title_n of_o van_n sin_n that_o be_v ten_o thousand_o year_n which_o have_v descend_v to_o all_o the_o emperor_n to_o this_o day_n to_o this_o great_a purpose_n he_o build_v a_o new_a palace_n according_o all_o of_o cedar_n cypress_n camphire_n and_o the_o like_a sweet_a smell_a wood_n the_o scent_n of_o which_o as_o they_o say_v may_v be_v perceive_v ah_o twenty_o one_o chinese_n furlong_n from_o thence_o mile_n amid_o this_o wonderful_a structure_n he_o raise_v a_o tower_n all_o of_o copper_n of_o twenty_o rod_n high_a a_o marvellous_a piece_n of_o work_n with_o a_o wind_a pair_n of_o stair_n in_o the_o middle_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n there_o be_v also_o a_o copper_n bason_n cast_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o hand_n which_o every_o morning_n be_v fill_v with_o early_a deâ—…v_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n steep_v the_o oriental_a pearl_n to_o soften_v they_o be_v part_n of_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o medicine_n of_o immortality_n but_o at_o last_o they_o wrought_v upon_o his_o belief_n so_o far_o that_o the_o elexar_n be_v ready_a which_o drink_v will_v so_o perpetuate_v youth_n that_o he_o shall_v live_v according_a to_o his_o title_n ten_o thousand_o year_n that_o be_v he_o shall_v be_v immortal_a the_o longevity-potion_n be_v bring_v be_v set_v on_o the_o table_n which_o shall_v begin_v the_o work_n of_o youth_n renovation_n when_o one_o of_o his_o councillor_n a_o minister_n of_o state_n first_o dissuade_v he_o from_o the_o take_n of_o it_o sudden_o throw_v the_o liquor_n down_o upon_o the_o floor_n at_o which_o the_o emperor_n much_o incense_v that_o he_o shall_v lose_v his_o expectation_n of_o immortality_n which_o have_v cost_v so_o much_o time_n and_o treasure_n in_o prepare_v consult_v with_o what_o death_n he_o shall_v punish_v so_o bold_a a_o offender_n when_o he_o that_o stand_v thus_o liable_a to_o his_o fury_n speak_v thus_o mild_o and_o undiscomposed_a to_o he_o sir_n you_o can_v put_v i_o to_o death_n for_o i_o have_v drink_v the_o same_o medicine_n of_o immortality_n already_o and_o be_o immortal_a so_o if_o i_o die_v i_o be_o guiltless_a because_o the_o medicine_n want_v the_o promise_a efficacy_n and_o therefore_o use_v your_o pleasure_n yet_o i_o suspect_v that_o if_o your_o indignation_n fall_v upon_o i_o what_o i_o have_v drink_v will_v be_v of_o no_o defence_n and_o i_o feel_v i_o shall_v certain_o suffer_v death_n be_v conscious_a of_o the_o deceit_n of_o these_o that_o be_v trapanner_n for_o bread_n which_o mollify_a speech_n so_o pacify_v the_o emperor_n that_o he_o give_v he_o his_o life_n yet_o howsoever_o the_o emperor_n prosecute_v the_o same_o business_n to_o make_v himself_o rich_a happy_a and_o immortal_a there_o be_v also_o a_o three_o kind_n of_o philosopher_n by_o semedo_n call_v taokiao_n and_o by_o trigaut_n from_o the_o first_o promoter_n lonzu_n as_o likewise_o by_o semedo_n tunsi_fw-la or_o tusi_fw-la be_v the_o first_o broacher_n of_o this_o doctrine_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o epicurean_o who_o affirm_v 〈◊〉_d that_o there_o be_v no_o pleasure_n after_o death_n and_o therefore_o they_o indulge_v what_o ever_o in_o their_o life_n seem_v to_o be_v easy_a and_o happy_a so_o to_o prolong_v their_o life_n to_o continue_v their_o present_a welfare_n they_o use_v all_o mean_n possible_a and_o not_o only_o study_v longevity_n but_o also_o how_o to_o be_v immortal_a by_o ingenious_a discovery_n for_o self-preservation_n but_o though_o laotan_n account_v the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la to_o consist_v in_o pleasure_n yet_o martinius_n find_v he_o to_o be_v no_o way_n atheistical_a but_o declare_v it_o every_o where_o probable_a that_o laotan_n have_v acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a deity_n say_v tao_n or_o great_a understanding_n have_v no_o name_n he_o have_v create_v heaven_n and_o earth_n he_o be_v without_o shape_n move_v the_o star_n though_o he_o himself_o be_v immovable_a and_o because_o i_o know_v not_o his_o name_n i_o will_v call_v he_o tao_n or_o supreme_a understanding_n without_o form_n the_o same_o philosopher_n make_v mention_n in_o another_o place_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o heaven_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v credit_v what_o the_o father_n report_n out_o of_o their_o story_n concern_v this_o philosopher_n laotan_n that_o he_o lay_v conceal_v be_v lock_v up_o in_o his_o mother_n womb_n eighty_o one_o or_o according_a to_o trigaut_n eighty_o year_n and_o afterward_o force_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o world_n through_o her_o right_a side_n wherefore_o according_a to_o trigaut_n he_o be_v call_v lauzu_n and_o by_o martinius_n laosu_n and_o and_o last_o of_o all_o laotan_n that_o be_v old_a philosopher_n the_o time_n of_o his_o maturation_n or_o rather_o imprisonment_n in_o the_o womb_n be_v as_o they_o say_v nine_o time_n nine_o year_n which_o the_o chineses_n account_v the_o fullness_n of_o perfection_n and_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v perfect_a and_o because_o laotan_n be_v one_o of_o their_o great_a and_o most_o learned_a stage_n they_o invent_v the_o forementioned_a number_n as_o if_o nature_n have_v spend_v so_o many_o year_n in_o perfect_a of_o he_o this_o laotan_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o zu_fw-ge for_o china_n contain_v ancient_o many_o and_o several_a kingdom_n at_o this_o day_n the_o county_n fungyangfu_n of_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v in_o the_o city_n mao_n anno_fw-la 603_o about_o twenty_o four_o year_n before_o confut_n the_o prime_a philosopher_n among_o the_o chinese_n the_o
three_o sect_n say_v martinius_n be_v also_o like_o the_o epicurean_a they_o place_v happiness_n â—…_n in_o pleasure_n and_o make_v it_o their_o chief_a study_n to_o prolong_v their_o life_n expect_v nothing_o after_o death_n among_o this_o be_v many_o sorcerer_n and_o such_o as_o use_v magic_a and_o be_v indeed_o the_o vile_a of_o all_o sect_n the_o follower_n thereof_o nevertheless_o praise_v the_o morality_n of_o our_o european_a doctrine_n according_a to_o trigaut_n laotan_n leave_v not_o one_o book_n of_o his_o doctrine_n nor_o as_o it_o appear_v will_v teach_v no_o new_a opinion_n but_o some_o of_o his_o follower_n call_v tansu_v after_o his_o death_n name_v he_o the_o head_n of_o learning_n and_o collect_v several_a book_n in_o a_o handsome_a style_n from_o divers_a other_o opinion_n and_o write_n these_o also_o live_v unmarried_a in_o cloister_n in_o which_o they_o make_v their_o pupil_n and_o be_v as_o lewd_a and_o wicked_a as_o the_o follower_n of_o the_o forementioned_a they_o never_o cut_v the_o hair_n of_o their_o head_n but_o be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o by_o wear_v a_o hat_n or_o bonnet_n of_o wood_n upon_o the_o knot_n which_o tie_v the_o hair_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o their_o head_n other_o of_o this_o sect_n that_o be_v marry_v with_o great_a zeal_n observe_v the_o tenet_n of_o their_o fraternity_n at_o home_n in_o their_o own_o house_n they_o honour_v as_o they_o say_v among_o many_o other_o image_n the_o lord_n or_o king_n of_o the_o heaven_n but_o one_o that_o be_v bodily_a and_o as_o they_o say_v in_o their_o book_n have_v have_v many_o trouble_n they_o also_o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o reign_v at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v ciam_fw-la but_o he_o who_o govern_v they_o former_o be_v name_v leu._n this_o leu_n say_v they_o on_o a_o certain_a time_n sit_v on_o a_o white_a dragon_n descend_v to_o the_o earth_n and_o invite_v ciam_fw-la who_o they_o affirm_v be_v a_o magician_n to_o a_o dinner_n but_o whilst_o leu_n make_v himself_o merry_a at_o the_o table_n ciam_fw-la get_v upon_o the_o white_a dragon_n ascend_v up_o to_o heaven_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o celestial_a realm_n leu_n thus_o prevent_v from_o return_v by_o ciam_fw-la yet_o obtain_v a_o grant_n from_o the_o new_a king_n of_o heaven_n for_o the_o dominion_n over_o certain_a mountain_n in_o this_o country_n where_o they_o suppose_v he_o still_o live_v bereave_v of_o his_o old_a dignity_n they_o worship_n therefore_o according_a to_o their_o own_o confession_n a_o foreign_a robber_n and_o tyrant_n for_o their_o god_n beside_o this_o their_o supreme_a power_n they_o worship_v another_o which_o be_v a_o triple_a deity_n one_o of_o which_o be_v lauzu_n the_o chief_a of_o their_o sect._n these_o also_o hold_v forth_o reward_v after_o death_n and_o many_o of_o those_o which_o be_v most_o holy_a and_o observe_v their_o rule_n enter_v soul_n and_o body_n into_o paradise_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o heavenly_a joy_n which_o to_o 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