apprehended as Walter de Lacie and manie other At length comming into the countrie of Meth he besieged a castell wherein the wife of William de Breuse and hir sonne named also William were inclosed but they found means to escape before the castell was woone though afterward they were taken in the I le of Man and sent by the king into England where they were so straitlie kept within the castell of Windsor that as the fame went they were famished to death ¶ We read in an old historie of Flanders written by one whose name is not knowne but printed at Lions by Guillaume Rouille in the yeare 1562 that the said ladie wife to the lord William de Breuse presented vpon a time vnto the queene of England a gift of foure hundred kine and one bull of colour all white the eares excepted which were red Although this tale may séeme incredible yet if we shall consider that the said Breuse was a lord marcher and had goodlie possessions in Wales and on the marshes in which countries the most part of the peoples substance consisteth in cattell it may carrie with it the more likelihood of truth And suerlie the same author writeth of the iournie made this yeare into Ireland so sensiblie and namelie touching the manners of the Irish that he seemeth to haue had good informations sauing that he misseth in the names of men and places which is a fault in maner common to all forreine writers Touching the death of the said ladie he saith that within eleuen daies after she was committed to prison héere in England she was found dead sitting betwixt hir sonnes legs who likewise being dead sate directlie vp against a wall of the chamber wherein they were kept with hard pitance as writers doo report William the father escaped and got away into France Thus the more part of the Irish people being brought vnder he appointed Iohn Gray the bishop of Norwich to be his deputie there remoouing out of that office Hugh Lacie which bare great rule in that quarter before The bishop then being appointed deputie and cheefe iustice of Ireland reformed the coine there causing the same to be made of like weight and finenesse to the English coine so that the Irish monie was currant as well in England as in Ireland being of the like weight forme and finenesse to the English Moreouer those that inhabited the wood-countries and the mounteine places though they would not as then submit themselues he would not at that time further pursue bicause winter was at hand which in that countrie approcheth timelie in the yeare Hauing thus subdued the more part of all Ireland and ordred things there at his pleasure he tooke the sea againe with much triumph and landed in England about the thirtith day of August From hence he made hast to London and at his comming thither tooke counsell how to recouer the great charges and expenses that he had béene at in this iournie and by the aduise of William Brewer Robert de Turnham Reignold de Cornhill and Richard de Marish he caused all the cheefe prelats of England to assemble before him at S. Brides in London So that thither came all the abbats abbesses templers hospitallers kéepers of farmes and possessions of the order of Clugnie and other such forreners as had lands within this realme belonging to their houses All which were constreined to paie such a greeuous tax that the whole amounted to the summe of an hundred thousand pounds The moonks of the Cisteaux order otherwise called white moonks were constreined to paie 40 thousand pounds of siluer at this time all their priuileges to the contrarie notwithstanding Moreouer the abbats of that order might not get licence to go to their generall chapter that yéere which yeerelie was vsed to be holden least their complaint should mooue all the world against the king for his too too hard and seuere handling of them In the summer following about the 18 day of Iulie king Iohn with a mightie armie went into Wales and passing foorth into the inner parts of the countrie he came into Snowdon beating downe all that came in his way so that he subdued all the rulers and princes without contradiction And to be the better assured for their subiection in time following he tooke pledges of them to the number of 28 so returned to Album Monasterium on the daie of the Assumption of our ladie from whence he first set foorth into the Welsh confines In the same yeare also the pope sent two legats into England the one named Pandulph a lawier and the other Durant a templer who comming vnto king Iohn exhorted line 10 him with manie terrible words to leaue his stubborne disobedience to the church and to reforme his misdooings The king for his part quietlie heard them and bringing them to Northampton being not farre distant from the place where he met them vpon his returne foorth of Wales had much conference with them but at length when they perceiued that they could not haue their purpose neither for restitution of the goods belonging to préests which he had seized vpon neither of those that apperteined to line 20 certeine other persons which the king had gotten also into his hands by meanes of the controuersie betwixt him and the pope the legats departed leauing him accursed and the land interdicted as they found it at their comming ¶ Touching the maner of this interdiction there haue béene diuerse opinions some haue said that the land was interdicted throughlie and the churches and houses of religion closed vp that no where was anie diuine seruice vsed but it was not so streit for there line 30 were diuerse places occupied with diuine seruice all that time by certeine priuiledges purchased either then or before Children were also christened and men houseled and annoiled through all the land except such as were in the bill of excommunication by name expressed But to our purpose King Iohn after that the legats were returned toward Rome againe punished diuerse of those persons which had refused to go with him into Wales in like maner as he had doone those that refused to line 40 go with him into Scotland he tooke now of ech of them for euerie knights fée two marks of siluer as before is recited About the same time also Reginald earle of Bullongne being accursed in like maner as king Iohn was for certeine oppressions doone to poore men and namelie to certeine preests fled ouer into England bicause the French king had banished him out of France The chéefest cause of the French kings displeasure towards this earle may séeme to proceed of the line 50 amitie and league which was concluded betwixt king Iohn and the said earle in the first yeare of the said kings reigne whereby they bound themselues either to other not to make anie peace or to take anie truce
he required by way of a tallage eight thousand marks of the Iewes charging them on paine of hanging not to deferre that paiment The Iewes sore impouerished with gréeuous and often paiments excused themselues by the popes vsurers and reprooued line 10 plainelie the kings excessiue taking of monie as well of his christian subiects as of them The king on the other side to let it be knowne that he taxed not his people without iust occasion and vpon necessitie that droue him thereto confessed openlie that he was indebted by his bonds obligatorie in thrée hundred thousand marks and againe the yearelie reuenues assigned to his sonne prince Edward arose to the summe of fifteene thousand marks and aboue where the reuenues that belonged vnto the crowne were line 20 greatlie diminished in such wise that without the aid of his subiects he should neuer be able to come out of debt To be short when he had fléeced the Iewes to the quicke he set them to farme vnto his brother earle Richard that he might pull off skin and all but yet considering their pouertie he spared them and neuerthelesse to relieue his brothers necessitie vpon a pawne he lent him an huge masse of monie These shifts did the king vse from time to time not caring with what exactions and impositions he burthened line 30 the inhabitants of his land whereby he procured vnto himselfe the name of an oppressor and couetous scraper But what woonder is it in a king sith Maxima paris hominum morbo iactatur eodem About the same time Lewes the French king sent vnto king Henrie for a present an elephant a beast most strange and woonderfull to the English people sith most seldome or neuer any of that kind had béene séene in England before that time The French queene also sent for a present vnto the king of England line 40 an ewer of pearle like to a peacocke in forme and fashion garnished most richlie with gold siluer and saphires to furnish him foorth in all points of fine and cunning workemanship to the verie resemblance of a liuing peacocke ¶ Manie woonders chanced about this time The sea rose with most high tides riuers were so filled with abundance of water by reason of the great continuall raine that maruellous flouds followed therevpon A comet also appeared and manie high buildings were striken by force of line 50 tempests The death of Walter archbishop of Yorke followed these prodigious wonders who had gouerned that sée the space of fortie yeares After him succeeded one Seuall the 34 archbishop of that citie About the feast of S. Etheldred the ladie Elianor wife of prince Edward the kings son came to London where she was honorablie receiued of the citizens conueied through the citie to S. Iones without Smithfield and there lodged for a season and yer long she remooued to the Sauoy It was not long line 60 after that the king seized the liberties of the citie of London into his hands for certeine monie which the quéene claimed as due to hir of a certeine right to be paid by the citizens so that about the feast of S. Martine in Nouember they gaue vnto the king foure hundred marks and then had their liberties to them againe restored and the kings vnder-treasuror discharged which for the time was made custos or kéeper of the citie About the same time came another legat from the pope namelie one Ruscand a Gascoigne borne to whom with the archb of Canturburie and the bishop of Hereford the pope had granted authoritie to collect and gather the tenths of the spiritualtie within England Scotland and Ireland to the vse of the pope and the king notwithstanding all priuiledges for what cause or vnder what forme of words so euer the same had passed This Ruscand also absolued the king of his vow made to go into the holie land to the end he might go against Manfred king of Sicill He also preached the crosse against the same Manfred promising all those remission of their sins which should go to war against Manfred as well as if they should go into the holie land to warre against Gods enimies there whereat faithfull men much maruelled that he should promise as great méed for the shedding of christian bloud as the bloud of infidels The craftie and slie fetches which were vsed in this season by this Ruscand the bishop of Hereford and other their complices to get monie of the prelats and gouernors of monasteries within this realme were wonderfull verie greeuous to those that felt themselues oppressed therewith and namelie for the debt which the said bishop of Hereford had charged them with they being not priuie to the receipt nor hauing any benefit thereby Ruscand called a councell at London propounded great causes why the prelats ought to aid the pope and so therevpon demanded great summes of monie Amongst other summes he demanded six hundred marks of the house of S. Albons To conclude his demands were estéemed vnreasonable so that the bishops and abbats were in a maruellous perplexitie perceiuing into what miserable state by reason of immoderate exactions the church of England was brought The bishop of London sticked not to saie that he would rather lose his head than consent that the church should be brought to such seruitude as the legat went about to inforce And the bishop of Worcester openlie protested that he would sooner suffer himselfe to be hanged than to sée the church subiect to such oppression by their examples Other also taking a boldnesse vnto them affirmed that they would follow the steps of Thomas sometime archbishop of Canturburie which for the liberties of the church suffered himselfe to haue his braines cut out of his head Yet were those prelats euill troubled for the king was against them on the one side and the pope gaping after monie was become their vtter enimie on the other neither were the Noble men much mooued with pitie towards the church their mother as the terme then went now thus in miserie Finallie the prelats appealed from Ruscand vnto the popes presence and would not obeie the wilfull and violent oppressions of the same Ruscand so that much adoo there was and a great complaint made to the king by Ruscand of the stubborne disobedience of the prelats and namelie of the bishop of London The king was in a great chafe with him and threatned that he would cause the pope to punish him according to âhat he well deserued but the bishop answered thereto Let the pope and king saith he which are stronger than I am take from me my bishoprike which by law yet they cannot doo let them take awaie my miter yet an helmet shall remaine This yeare after S. Lukes daie the king assembled a great number of the nobilitie at London and thither came the bishop of Bologna la grasse from the pope bringing with him a
Gascoigne where he remained steward vntill the comming of Henrie the third at what time the said Henrie surrendered his office but the king importunate with him still to reteine the same he flatlie denied it and would no longer remaine there suddenlie returning into England without licence line 50 or knowledge of the king for which contempt the king greeuouslie incensed in reuenge and for satisfaction of the same made the same lands to be extended by Thomas Paslew and others who by the kings processe extended part thereof to a âreble value after which extent returned into the chancerie the king seized the manour of Bremesgraue Bolesoure Strattondale in Norton left in his hands the manours of Lierton Oswardbecke Cundoner Wourfeld and Wigutton whereof the said Henrie line 60 died seized Two yeares before which grant of the lands before said to this Henrie to wit in the twentith yeare of Henrie the third the said Henrie Hastings made his petition to serue in the pantrée as he was bound by tenure at the coronation of euerie prince the record whereof in the ancient written booke of the earls of Huntington is in these words following The record by which Henrie Hastings executed the office of the panteller VIcesimo Henr. tertij quo coronata fuit regina Elionara filia Hugonis comitis Prouinciae apud Westm. factae sunt contentiones magnae de seruitijs ministralibus de iuribus pertinentibus ad eorum ministeria sed respectuatur iuribus singulis saluis vt tumultus requiesceret vsque ad quindena Paschae sequeÌtis c. Et Henricus de Hastinges cuius officium seruiendi de mappis à veteri vendicauit officiuÌ illud habuit Nam quamuis Thurstanus vendicauit officium illud asserens suum esse debere à veteri tamen rex repulsat admisit Henricum de Hastinges ea die assignans eisdem diem de contentione finienda ad praedictum terminum Extractas verò post prandium mappas tanquam suas ad officium pertinentes recepit This Henrie had by Ada his wife his sonne heire Henrie Hastings from whome Buchanan dooth saie that Henrie Hastings now earle of Penbroke is descended whereof I will not now heere dispute Henrie Hastings knight sonne of Henrie after the death of his father finding himselfe greeued that the inheritance which should haue descended vnto him from his mother was so withholden from him for the offense of his father contrarie to law and iustice and without iudgement but by the kings power pursued a bill against the king therby to haue remedie and restitution for the supposed false returne of the extent which was made against his father and vpon the same bill this Henrie Hastings obteined a new writ to make a fresh extent directed to maister Thomas of Wimundham Robert de la Laie Robert de Solham Hugh Peeche Thomas de Braie to vnderstand if the remnant of the lands to him descended beside that by the king extended would counteruaile the value of such lands as he should haue by descent from and of the earle and earledome of Chester which maâter neuer being ended in his time was afterward prosecuted of the Hastings from parlement to parlement vntill the thirtie fourth yeare of Edward the first as more plainelie shall after appeare Of this Henrie Hollingshed intreateth much in the reigne of Henrie the third this man being he that in the time of Edward the first made title to the crowne of Scotland maried Ione one of the daughters of William Cantulpe lord of Aburgauenie in the right of Eua one of the daughters and heires of William Bewsa or Brewcusa for I find both written of which Ione this Henrie had issue Iohn Hastings his sonne and heire Edmund which maried Isabell had great possessions in Wales Ada first maried to Robert de Champane Lora maried to sir Thomas the sonne of sir Iohn de Latimer and Ione which was a nun at Notingham Iohn Hastings knight sonne of the last Henrie was borne at Asleghe in the yéere of our Lord 1262 and in the six fortith yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third This man after his fathers death did in the yeare of our Lord 1274 and the second yeare of the reigne of Edward the first being the kings ward demand the execution of his office of the pantrie at the coronation of queene Elianor wife to Edward the first but could not execute the same by reason of his nonage and also for that he was in ward to the said king After when he was growne to full yeares there arose in the yeare of our Lord 1305 and in the thirtie third yeare of the reigne of Edward the first great contention betweene Antonie Beake bishop of Durham this Iohn Hastings Iohn Balioll and Robert Bruse for the manors of Penrith Castlesoure Salgkill regis Lange Worthbie Carlaton and of Werkine Tinehale whereof Henrie king of Scots kinsman of the said Robert Bruse Iohn Balioll and Iohn Hastings whose heire they were died seized in his demesne of fee. In which sutes after manie delaies made and manie summons against the said bishop the plée went without daie bicause the bishop must go to Rome But after his returne the sute being reuiued and continued it went once more without daie bicause the king seized the same into his hands and held it all the time of his reigne These things thus doone and Edward the first departed this Iohn Hastings as yet not hastie to renew his sute of the land but rather to execute his right of the pantrie did in the first yeare of Edward the second demand the executing of that office line 10 at the coronation of the said Edward the second and Isabell his wife at Westminster which he obteined and laid the clothes and napkins in the great hall by him and other his knights one the tables whereat the king the quéene and other great states should dine which according as I haue seene noted was in this sort The order and number of clothes laied line 20 at the kings table and how Iohn Hastings had them for his fee. AD altam sedem ipsius regis tres mappas super alias mensas in eadem aula 28 mappas vnde quaelibet pecia continebat 4 in parua aula coram regina alibi in illa parua aula 14 quaruÌ quaelibet pecia continebat 3. Et dum fueruÌt ad comestum mappas per se suos custodiebat line 30 post comestum illas trahebat deferre faciebat seruientes ad seruiendum istas cum suis loquelis âabebat sine voluntate vel cum voluntate eas deâinebat per totum festum coronationis licèt petitae erant deliberatione primò à senescallo regis postea ab ipso rege per quod idem rex praecepit domino Willielmo Martin alijs senescallis suis quòd plenam celerem iusticiam ei facerent deliberationem de mappis praedictis
and vsed other hard shifts till God prouided remedie for their penurie by good successe of husbandrie In the moneth of Iune the earle of Huntington as Steward of Guien with two thousand archers and foure hundred speares was sent into Gascoigne as a supplie to the countrie and coÌmons of the same for the king of England and his councell were informed that the earle of Dunois laie in the frontiers of Tholouse secretlie by rewards and faire promises practising to procure diuerse townes in Guien to become French Wherefore this earle like a politike warrior altered not onelie the capteins in euerie towne and citie but also remoued the magistrates and changed the officers from towne to towne and roome to roome so that by this meanes the earle of Dunois at that time lost both trauell and âost In the same moneth also sir Richard Wooduile sir line 10 William Chamberleine sir William Peito and sir William Storie with a thousand men were sent to stuffe the townes in Normandie which at that time had therof great néed for the English capteins had small confidence in the Normans and not too much in some of their own nation For that harlot briberie with hir fellow couetousnesse ran so fast abroad with French crownes that hard was it to remaine vncorrupted In this yeare the Dolphin of France alied with Iohn duke of Alanson and Iohn duke of Burgognie line 20 rebelled against his father king Charles but in the end by wise persuasions and wittie handling of the matter the knot of that seditious faction was dissolued and the king with his sonne and the other confederates openlie and apparantlie pacified The Englishmen taking aduantage of this domesticall diuision in France raised an armie and recouered againe diuerse townes which had béene surprised from them before and prepared also to haue recouered the citie of Paris till they hard of the agréement line 30 betwixt the father and the sonne and then they left off that enterprise In Nouember of this yeare there was such a great frost and after that so déepe a snow that all the ground was couered therwith and all the diches frosen Which wether put the Englishmen in hope to recouer againe the towne of Ponthoise by the French king gotten before by corrupting with monie diuerse burgesses of the towne Hervpon the Englishmen clothed all in white with Iohn lord Clifford line 40 their capteine came in the night to the diches passed them without danger by reason of the frost scaled the walles slue the watch and tooke the towne with manie profitable prisoners ¶ After the regaining of this towne the lord Richard Beauchampe earle of Warwike died in the castell of Rone from whence conueied into England he was with solemne ceremonies buried at his college of Warwike in a verie faire and sumptuous sepulchre line 50 About the beginning of Lent the duke of Summerset and the lord Talbot with other capteins and men of warre to the number of two thousand which they had assembled in the marches of Normandie towards Rone marching forward towards Picardie passed ouer the riuer of Some and through the towne of Monteruell came before the fortresse of Folleuile which the duke besieged whilest the lord Talbot entered further into the countrie After that the duke had mounted his great artillerie and began line 60 to batter the hold the capteine within chanced to be slaine with a shot of the same artillerie shortlie after the batterie being still continued the rest of the men of warre that serued vnder him yéelded the place in which the duke left a competent garrison of souldiers which afterwards sore indamaged the countrie This doone the duke followed the lord Talbot who was alreadie entered a good waie within the countrie of Santhois and now ioining their powers togither they came to a fortresse called Lihons in Santhois which was also rendered vnto them after they had burnt the church which the countrie people kept against them and would not yeeld it till they were fired out burnt and slaine to the number of thrée hundred After the fortresse was deliuered into their hands by composition the duke with his power laie there about ten daies sending diuerse troops of his men of warre abroad into the countrie which spoiled the same tooke the fortresse of Herbonneres and the lord thereof within it who for his ransome and to haue his subiects and house saued from spoile and fire compounded with his takers for a thousand saluz of gold which he paid to them Finallie after the duke of Summerset and the lord Talbot with their power had laine in Lihons about ten daies they departed from thence and returned into Normandie without anie impeachment After the death of the earle of Warwike year 1441 the duke of Yorke was againe made regent of France which accompanied with the earle of Oxenford the lord Bourchier called earle of Ewe sir Iames of Ormond the lord Clinton sir Richard Wooduile diuerse other noble men sailed into Normandie Before whose ariuall the French king sore gréeued with the taking of the towne of Ponthoise assembled a great armie and besieged the said towne himselfe in person inuironing it with bastiles trenches and ditches beating the walles and bulworks with shot of great ordinance and giuing therevnto diuerse great and fierce assaults But Iohn lord Clifford like a valiant capteine defended the towne so manfullie that the Frenchmen rather lost than woone The duke of Yorke at his landing receiued true aduertisement of this siege wherevpon he sent for the lord Talbot and a great number of soldiers and so came neere to the towne of Ponthoise and there incamped himselfe who therewith sent word to the French king that thither he was come to giue him battell if he would come out of his strength and bastiles But the French king by aduise of his councell determined not to venture his person with men of so base degrée but meant to kéepe his ground bidding the lord regent to enter at his perill and in the meane season did what he could to stop the passage of the riuer of Oise so that no vittels should be brought to the English armie by that waie in hope so to cause them to recule backe The duke of Yorke perceiuing that the French king minded not to fight purposed to passe ouer the riuer of Oise and so to fight with him in his lodging Whervpon he remooued his campe and appointed the lord Talbot and other to make a countenance as they would passe the riuer by force at the port of Beaumont and appointed an other companie in boates of timber and leather and bridges made of cords and ropes whereof he had great plentie caried with him in chariots to passe ouer beneath the abbie Whilest the lord Talbot made a crie as though he would assault the gate certeine Englishmen passed the water in botes and drew a bridge of cords ouer so that a great
to apprehend him if by anie means he might The lord Audelie according to his commission assembled aboue ten thousand men of Chesshire and Salopshire and knowing by his espials which waie the earle kept approached néere to line 50 him vpon a faire plaine called Bloreheath within a mile of a towne called Draiton in Shropshire The earle perceiuing in what ieopardie he stood determined to abide the aduenture with fame and honour rather than to flie with shame and reproach and so incamped himselfe all the night on the side of a little brooke not verie brode but somewhat deepe In the morning earlie being the daie of saint Tecle he caused his souldiers to shoot their flights towards line 60 the lord Audelies companie which laie on the other side of the said water and then he and all his people made a signe of retreit The lord Audelie supposing his aduersaries had fled in déed caused his trumpets quicklie to blow vp and setting foorth his voward speedilie passed the water The earle of Salisburie which knew the sleights of warlike policie suddenlie returned and set vpon the lord Audelie and his cheefe capteins yer the residue of his armie could passe the water The fight was sore and dreadfull The earle desiring the sauing of his life and his aduersaries coueting his destruction fought sore for the obteining of their purpose but in conclusion the earles armie as men not looking for other succours nor meane to escape but by their owne manhood so egerlie assaulted their foes that they slue the lord Audelie and all his capteins and discomfited all the remnant of his people In this battell were slaine foure and twentie hundred persons but the greatest losse fell vpon the Chesshire men bicause one halfe of the shire was on the one part and the other halfe on the other of which number were sir Thomas Dutton sir Iohn Doune and sir Hugh Uenables sir Richard Molineur sir William Trowtbecke sir Iohn Legh of the Both and sir Iohn Egerton knights Iohn Done and Iohn Dutton esquiers But the earles two sonnes the one called sir Iohn Neuill and the other sir Thomas Neuill were sore wounded the which soberlie iornieng into the north countrie were apprehended by the quéenes fréends and togither with sir Thomas Harington that was likewise taken were conueied to Chester but their kéepers deliuered them shortlie after or else had the Marchmen destroied the goales Such fauour bare the commons of Wales to the duke of Yorks band that they could not suffer anie wrong to be offered or euill word to be spoken against him or his freends After this battell at Bloreheath the said duke of Yorke perceiuing the destruction of him and his fréends was intended and that his deuises were alreadie disclosed to the king and the queene he thought now no longer to linger his businesse but with all diligence to set forward the same And therfore sending for his cheefe freend the earle of Salisburie after long conference of their weightie affaires they determined to raise an armie and by fine force either to win their purpose or end their liues in the same Héerevpon were men foorthwith assembled freends sent for and a puissant armie gathered both of Northerne and Welshmen who in good order came into the marches of Wales adioining to Shropshire determining there to abide their enimies or to méet them if occasion serued There came to him from Calis the earle of Warwike bringing with him from that towne a great number of expert men in martiall feates whereof two were capteins knowne for men of great experience and approoued policie as they had well declared the same in the warres of Normandie and Guien the one called Andrew Trollop and the other Iohn Blunt The king hauing aduertisement of the dukes dooings sent foorth commissioners to leuie a power in all parts of the realme where he thought to haue any faithfull fréends of fauourers by reason whereof a great number of men of warre was assembled Manie for the loue they bare to the king resorted to his side but more for feare of the quéenes displesure whose frowning countenance was their vndooing and hir indignation their death To be bréefe the king accompanied with the dukes of Summerset and Excester and other of the line of Lancaster determined either by force or by policie to bring the duke of Yorke to confusion and therevpon marching forward they came vnto Worcester where as well to refresh his people as to take further aduise what was best to be doone he staied for a time And at length it was determined that the K. should first send vnto the aduersaries a messenger of good account as the bishop of Salisburie Richard Beauchampe to offer vnto them a cleere and free generall pardon of all trespasses offenses and transgressions whatsoeuer if they would giue ouer their enterprise and become true and obedient subiects When the bishop was come vnto them and had declared his message they first withdrew themselues apart and fell togither in councell and after they gaue answer by the mouth of the erle of Warwike which consisted in thrée points First that as concerning the pardon they durst not trust vnto it considering they had diuerse pardons before and the same confirmed by parlement and yet nothing auaileable to their assurance Secondlie that notwithstanding such pardons those that were about the king were presumptuous and vnrulie that they cared not at all to breake the kings commandements nor were any thing abashed to be noted for the breach thereof Thirdlie although by law of the land and right of the statute euerie lord by vertue of the kings writ line 10 being called to the parlement ought safelie to come safelie there to remaine and safelie to depart and returne home this notwithstanding the said earle of Warwike himselfe at a certeine councell holden at Westminster by vertue of the kings writ of priuie seale being there in person labouring to his knowledge to giue good aduise and counsell for the profit of the common-wealth was yet in danger of death if the Lord aboue had not the better prouided for his escape line 20 more than anie humane power or force of the kings pardon For the which cause quoth he sith the kings pardon maie be likened in these daies to a buckler of glasse or to a staffe of réed in which is no trust we dare not commit our selues vnto the defense of anie such pardons But if anie other waie might be deuised for their suerties where vnto they might safelie trust he said they were readie to come to his grace and to sue for his fauour The king receiuing such answer in these words line 30 or other to the like effect was nothing contented therewith and so commanded his standards eftsoones to aduance But yet before he came neere to the place where they were incamped the said lords wrote to him a letter in their owne excuse
Orleance after French king he was with mischarging of a speare by fortunes peruerse countenance pitifullie slaine and brought to death leauing after him one line 50 onelie son named Iohn which being banished Scotland inhabited maried in France and there died How dolorous how sorrowfull is it to write and much more painefull to remember the chances and infortunities that happened within two yeares in England Scotland betwéene naturall brethren For king Edward set on by such as enuied the estate of the duke of Clarence forgetting nature and brotherlie amitie consented to the death of his said brother Iames king of Scots putting in obliuion that line 60 Alexander his brother was the onelie organ and instrument by whome he obteined libertie fréedome seduced and led by vile and malicious persons which maligned at the glorie and indifferent iustice of the duke of Albanie imagined and compassed his death and exiled him for euer What a pernicious serpent what a venemous toade and what a pestiferous scorpion is that diuelish whelpe called priuie enuie Against it no fortresse can defend no caue can hide no wood can shadow no fowle can escape nor no beast can auoid Hir poison is so strong that neuer man in authoritie could escape from the biting of hir teeth scratching of hir pawes blasting of hir breth filth of hir taile Notable therefore is the Gréeke epigram in this behalfe touching enuie of this kind which saith that a worsse thing than enuie there is not in the world and yet hath it some goodnesse in it for it consumeth the eies and the hart of the enuious The words in their owne toong sententiouslie sound thus ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã Although king Edward reioised that his businesse came to so good a conclusion with the Scots yet he was about the same time sore disquieted in his mind towards the French king whome he now perceiued to haue dallied with him as touching the agreement of the mariage to be had betwixt the Dolphin and his daughter the ladie Elizabeth For the lord Howard being as then returned out of France certified the king of his owne knowledge how that he being present saw the ladie Margaret of Austrich daughter to duke Maximilian sonne to the emperor Frederike receiued into France with great pompe and roialtie and at Ambois to the Dolphin contracted and espoused King Edward highlie displeased with such double and vniust dealing of the French king called his nobles togither and opened to them his gréefes who promised him for redresse thereof to be readie with all their powers to make warres in France at his pleasure and appointment But whilest he was busie in hand to make his purueiance for warres thus against France whether it was with melancholie and anger which he tooke with the French kings dooings and vncourteous vsage or were it by any superfluous surfet to âhe which he was verie much giuen he suddenlie fell sicke and was so gréeuouslie taken that in the end he perceiued his naturall strength in such wise to decaie that there was little hope of recouerie in the cunning of his physicians whome he perceiued onlie to prolong his life for a small time Wherefore he began to make readie for his passage into another world not forgetting as after shall appeare to exhort the nobles of his realme aboue all things to an vnitie among themselues And hauing as he tooke it made an attonement betwixt the parties that were knowne to be scant freends he commended vnto their graue wisedoms the gouernment of his sonne the prince and of his brother the duke of Yorke during the time of their tender yeares But it shall not be amisse to adde in this place the words which he is said to haue spoken on his death-bed which were in effect as followeth The words of king Edward vttered by him on his death-bed MY welbeloued and no lesse betrusted fréends councellors and alies if we mortall men would dailie and hourlie with our selues reuolue and intentiuelie in our hearts ingraue or in our minds seriouslie ponder the fraile and fading imbecillitie of our humane nature and the vnstablenesse of the same we should apparantlie perceiue that we being called reasonable creatures and in that predicament compared and ioined with angels be more worthie to be named and déemed persons vnreasonable and rather to be associate in that name with brute beasts called vnreasonable of whose life and death no creature speaketh rather than in that point to be resembled to the angelicall societie and reasonable companie For while health in vs florisheth or prosperitie aboundeth or the glosing world laugheth which is he so reasonable of vs all that can saie if he will not âr from the truth that he once in a wéeke remembreth his fatall end or the prescribed terme of his induring or once prouided by labour studie or otherwise to set a stedfast and sure order for the securitie profit and continuance either of his possessions dominions or of his sequele and posteritie which after him shall naturallie succéed Such is the blindnesse of our fraile and weake nature euer giuen to carnall concupiscence and wordlie delectations dailie darkened and seduced with that lithargious and deceiuable serpent called hope of long life that all we put in line 10 obliuion our duetie present and lesse remember the politike purueiance for things to come for blindlie we walke in this fraile life till we fall groueling with our eies suddenlie vpon death The vanities of this world be to vs so agreeable that when we begin to liue we estéeme our life a whole world which once ouerpassed it sheweth no better but dust driuen awaie with a puffe of wind I speake this to you of my selfe and for your selues to you sore lamenting and inwardlie bewailing that I line 20 did not performe finallie consummate such politike deuises good and godlie ordinances in my long life and peaceable prosperitie which then I fullie determined to haue begun set forward and completlie to haue finished Which now for the extreame paines and tortures of my angrie maladie and for the small terme of my naturall life I can neither performe neither yet liue to sée either to take effect or to sort to anie good conclusion For God I call to record my heart was fullie set line 30 and my mind deliberatlie determined so to haue adorned this realme with wholesome lawes statutes and ordinances so to haue trained and brought vp mine infants and children in vertue learning actiuitie and policie that what with their roiall puissance your fréendlie assistance the proudest prince of Europe durst not once attempt to mooue anie hostilitie against them you or this realme But oh Lord all things that I of long time haue in my mind reuolued and imagined that stealing théefe death goeth line 40 about to subuert and in the moment of an houre cléerelie to ouertred Wherefore as men saie I now being driuen to the verie
sixt He was not onelie courteous wise and gentle being dailie attendant at the court but forward and fortunate in seruice abroad as may well appeare in his sundrie voiages both into France and Scotland He was of nature verie gentle and pitifull not blemished by any thing so much as by the death of the admerall his naturall brother which could not haue beene brought to passe in that sort without his consent But of this good duke to let passe multitude of words maister Fox hath written no lesse trulie than commendablie no lesse commendablie than deseruedlie and no lesse deseruedlie than profitablie in his historie whereto I refer the reader for further knowledge Neuerthelesse of this vertuous duke by waie of application I saie as somtime one said verie aptlie as some thinke of the gratious ladie An Bullen Discite vos viui quid dira calumnia possit Inuidia alterius vitae comes arcta beatae Et falsis linguae commista venena susurris The protectors of England collected out of the ancient and moderne chronicles wherin is set downe the yeare of Christ and of the king in which they executed that function VPon the death of this duke of Summerset protector of England it shall not be vnsitting in this place to set downe all the protectors whereof I can as yet haue intelligence and who haue béene gouernors regents gardians or deputies of the realme and of the kings person during his minoritie and time of his insufficiencie of gouernement or else of his absence being out of the realme whereof I haue made an especiall title in my Pantographie of England in which this my collection of the protectors although perhaps I shall not set downe all for Barnardus non videt omnia yet it is better to haue halfe a loafe than no bread knowledge of some than of none at all Thus therefore I begin Guendoline the daughter of Corineus duke of Cornewall after the procurement of warre against hir husband wherein he was slaine was by common consent for that hir sonne Madrane which she had by Locrine was insufficient by reason of his minoritie to gouerne the kingdome made by the Britons ruler of the I le in the yeare of the world 2894 and so continued the same by the space of fiftéene yéeres vntill hir sonne came to lawfull age Martia the widow of Guenteline the king by reason that Sicilius hir sonne was not of age conuenient to weld the scepter as one being but seuen yeares old obteined the gouernement both of the realme and of hir sonnes person which she most worthilie deserued being a woman of rare vertue and iudgement Eldred Ethelred or Edred for all these diuersities are found in authors brother to Edmund king of England while the sonnes of Edmund Edwine and Edgar were for their minorities insufficient to dispose the kingdome was appointed protector to his nephues in the yeare of Christ 940 who about six or seuen yeares after his protectorship tooke on him the kingdome at Kingstone on Easter daie in the yeare of Christ as hath Iohn Stow 946 as others haue nine hundred fortie seuen Emma the quéene of England the widow of king Etheldred and of Canutus both kings of England iointlie with Goodwine earle of Kent had the gouernement of the realme vnder Hardiknute king of England who began his reigne in the yeare of Christ 1041. Harold the sonne of Goodwine at the death of king Edward the Confessor which fell in the yeare of Christ 1066 and the three and twentith yeare of the same king was by the testament of the said king Edward appointed regent of the yong Edgar Atheling named heire in the life of the said Edward and of the kingdome after the death of king Edward during the minoritie of the said Edgar Beside which the like commending of the kingdome to this Harold line 10 in respect of the quéenes honour as that before of the successours right is set downe by one that liued at that time and wrote the life of king Edward of erle Goodwine and of his children in these words Porrectáque manu meaning king Edward lieng on his death bed and speaking in the behalfe of Editha the quéene sister to this Harold ad praedictum nutricium suum fratrem Haroldum Hancinquit cum omni regno tutandam tibi commendo vt pro domina sorore vt est fideli serues honores obsequio vt quoad vixerit à me adepto non line 20 priuetur honore debito Commendo pariter etiam eos qui natiuam terram suam reliquerunt causa amoris mei mihÃque haectenus suleliter sunt obsequuti vt suscepta ab eis siita volunt fidelitate eos tuearis retineas aut tua defensione conductos cum omnibus quae sub me acquisiuerunt cum salute ad propria transfretari facias c. But he when king Edward was dead vsurped the crowne to himselfe and shortlie after lost both his life and his kingdome Odo bishop of Baieux and William Fitzosborne the first being earle of Kent and chiefe iustice line 30 of England and the second being earle of Hereford were gouernours of the realme in the yeare of our Lord 1067 and the first yeare of William the Conquerour when he went into Normandie after the conquest and indifferent quieting of the realme Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie as appeareth by Matthew Parker writing in this sort in the life of the said Lanfranke Absente Gulielmo omnia Lanfranco mandabantur qui summa prudentia cunctae moderatus line 40 proceres plebem in officio tranquillè sine vlla motu atque tumultu continebat adeò vt si quae defectionis suspicio nascebatur ad eam illicò compescendam maximus potentissimus quisque opem adiumentum illi imperantipraestitit Sir Richard Lucie knight chiefe iustice of England was protector of the realme in the twelfe yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the second being the yeare of our Lord 1166 in the absence of the king when he was in Normandie and in the parts beyond the seas Which Lucie in the thirteenth yeare of the same king being the yeare of our redemption line 50 1167 did valiantlie resist and politikelie driue backe the earle of Bullongne inuading the realme Hée built the abbeie of Leosnes or Westwood in the parish of Erith in Kent and not in Southfléet as some haue written in the yeare of Christ 1178 being about the foure and twentith yeare of king Henrie the second and further built the castell of Angier in Essex in the diocesse of the bishop of London He had issue Godfreie bishop of Winchester and thrée daughters who after the death of Godfreie their brother line 60 were his heires the eldest daughter of which sir Richard Lucie was maried to Robert the first called Fitzwater the second daughter Auelina was maried to Riuers of whome issued Iohn de Riuers the third daughter Rose was
Peter king of Castile and sister by the mother to Constance second wife to Iohn of Gant duke of Lancaster brother to this Edmund who was about the twentith yéere of Richard the second protector of England while the king was in Ireland which Isabell died in the yeere of Christ 1394 being about the eightéenth yéere of Richard the second by the kings commandement was buried in the friers of Langleie This Edmund had issue by his wife Isabell Edward earle of Rutland and duke Albermerle Richard earle of Cambridge and one daughter called Constance married to Thomas lord Spenser he died the second as some haue or rather the third as others haue of Henrie the 4 in the yéere of Christ as hath Ypodigma 1402 and was buried at Langleie Edward Plantagenet son and heire of Edmund of Langleie duke of Yorke was in the fouretéenth of Richard the second created erle of Rutland in his fathers life in the yéere of Christ 1390 and in the twentith yeare of Richard the second or rather the 21 of the same king being the yeare of Christ 1397 he was made duke of Albermerle or Aumerle and after his fathers death he was duke of Yorke he was slaine at the battell of Agincourt in the third yeare of Henrie the fift being the yeare of Christ 1415 he married Margaret or rather more trulie Philip the ladie Fitzwater and widow to sir Iohn Gollafer knight bastard sonne to sir Iohn Gollafer of Cercedone or Saresdone knight in Oxfordshire And here because I haue mentioned the name of Gollafer although it be digressing from my first purposes onelie to treat of the dukes of England I thinke it not amisse to saie somewhat of these two knights of the Gollafers sir Iohn the father and sir Iohn the sonne This sir Iohn Gollafer the father line 10 being the sonne of Iohn Gollafer esquier whose ancestors as farre as I can learne had their first originall from Roger Gollafer of Cercedone in the time of king Iohn and was buried in Domo capitulari de Bruera in com oxon married Anne the daughter and heire of sir Thomas Langleie lord of Langleie in Oxfordshire now at this daie in the yeare 1585 by grant of quéene Elisabeth in the possession of Robert Sutton or Dudleie earle of Leicester which Anne died shortlie after without anie issue by him line 20 After whose death this sir Iohn Gollafer married Isabell the ladie of Missenden dwelling at Missenden and of Queintone in Buckinghamshire she being daughter to sir Barnard Brocas But this sir Iohn Gollafer hauing no issue by the said Elisabeth and desirous by some meanes or other to continue his name which yet he could not make perpetuall nor of anie long continuance made choise in the life of his wife Isabell of another woman whome he vsed for procreations cause and by hir had issue two line 30 bastards one called Iennet Pulham after prioresse of Burneham by Windsore and an other bastard called after the father Iohn Gollafer who in following time became a knight Afterward this sir Iohn the father died at Queintone in the yeare of our redemption one thousand three hundred seauentie and nine falling partlie in the second and third yeare of Henrie the fourth and was buried at the Graie friers in Oxford whose wife Isabell was after buried in Missenden priorie line 40 After the death of this sir Iohn the father sir Iohn Gollafer knight his base sonne being lord of Langleie married Phillip ladie Fitzwater after maried to this duke of Yorke as before is said which sir Iohn Gollafer died at Wallingford in the yeare of our redemption one thousand three hundred ninetie and six being the twentith yeare of Richard the second and was buried at Westminster néere vnto the toome of Richard the second Which ladie Philip died in the time of Henrie the sixt and was line 50 buried at Westminster néere vnto hir husband whose statelie toome is yet extant on the south side almost directlie oueragainst the toome of Richard the second Thus this much for the name of Gollafer and so againe to the dukes of England Thomas Plantagenet otherwise called Thomas of Woodstocke sixt sonne to king Edward the third was created earle of Buckingham the first yeare of Richard the second in the yeare one thousand thrée line 60 hundred seauentie and seauen the daie of his coronation before dinner This man was high constable of England and created duke of Glocester in the eight yeare of Richard the second of whom is more especiall mention made in the treatise of the constables of England pag. 867. Thomas Holland brother by the mothers side to king Richard the second and sonne to the lord Thomas Holland earle of Kent in the right of Iane daughter and heire to Edmund Plantagenet surnamed of Woodstocke earle of Kent was aduanced to the title of duke of Surreie in the two and twentith yeare of king Richard the second being the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred ninetie and seauen he maried Alice the daughter of Richard Fitzallen earle of Arundell He had issue six daughters heires Margaret married to Iohn Beaufort earle of Summerset and marquesie Dorset Alice maried to Thomas Montacute earle of Salisburie Elisabeth married to Iohn lord Neuill sonne to Rafe Neuill the first earle of Westmerland and after his death to Edward Chareleton lord Powis Ioane married to Edmund of Langleie duke of Yorke and Bridget a nun at Barking This man with others at a parlement held the first yeare of Henrie the fourth in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred ninetie and nine was depriued of his name of duke of all honours togither with the dignities belonging to a duke was after in the same yeare rebelling against king Henrie the fourth taken by the men of Circester and beheaded in the same towne after that he had caused the towne to be set on fire Iohn Holland full brother to Thomas Holland and halfe brother to Richard the second was created earle of Huntington in the fourtéenth yeare of king Richard the second and made duke of Excester at a parlement holden in the one twentith yeare of the same king though some attribute that to the twentith yeare of king Richard This man at a parlement held in the first of Henrie the fourth in the yeare of Christ 1399 was disgraded from his title of dukedome and was after taken at Pritewell in Essex in a mill and beheaded at Plassie in the said shire in the said first yéere of the said king Henrie the fourth he married Elisabeth the daughter of Iohn of Gant duke of Lancaster and had issue Iohn Holland earle of Huntington Iohn Holland earle of Huntington was as it seemeth made by Henrie the fourth after the death of the duke of Excester his father admitted to be duke of Excester he married Anne the daughter of Edmund earle of Stafford he had issue Henrie Holland duke
of Excester and Anne maried to sir Iohn Neuill knight brother of Rafe the third of that name erle of Westmerland he died the six and twentith of king Henrie the sixt on the fift of August being the yeare of Christ 1448 and was buried at S. Katharins nigh the tower of London After which his first wife he maried Anne the daughter of Iohn Montacute earle of Salisburie by whome he had no issue Henrie Holland sonne of Iohn Holland was after the death of his father duke of Excester he was disherited in the first of Edward the fourth at a parlement held then in the yeare 1461 he maried Anne daughter to Richard duke of Yorke and sister to king Edward the fourth which Anne at hir owne sute on the twelfe of Nouember in the eleuenth yeere of king Edward the fourth being the yeare of Christ 1471 was diuorced from the said duke of Excester Shortlie after which in the yeare of Christ 1413 being in the thirteenth of Edward the fourth this duke was found dead in the sea betweene Douer Calis but how he came there none could certenlie declare He died without issue leauing his sister Anne his heire maried as before to Iohn Neuill brother to Rafe earle of Westmerland Robert Uere earle of Oxford and marquesse of Dubline was in the yéere of Christ 1386 in the tenth of Richard the second created duke of Ireland he died withoutissue at Louaine in great penurie and vexation of mind as hath Ypodigma in the yeere of Christ 1392 being about the sixtéenth of king Richard the second he maried the daughter of Ingerame de Cousie earle of Bedford and after diuorced from hir he married Lancecrona one of meane parentage Margaret ladie Segraue the daughter and heire of Thomas Brotherton earle of Norffolke and marshall of England was created duchesse of Norffolke in the one and twentith yeare of king Richard the second she had two husbands whereof the first was Iohn lord Segraue by whom she had issue Elisabeth married to Iohn Mowbreie the third of that name Hir second husband was sir Walter Mannie knight of the order by whome she had a daughter married to Iohn lord Hastings erle of Penbroke This duchesse line 10 Margaret died in the yeare of Christ 1399 being about the three and twentith of Richard the second and was buried in the frier Minors of London Thomas lord Mowbreie second sonne of Elisabeth Segraue and Iohn lord Mowbreie hir husband was aduanced to the dukedome of Norffolke in the one and twentith yeare of the reigne of Richard the second Shortlie after which he was appeled by Henrie earle of Bullingbroke of treason and caried to the castell of Windsore where he was stronglie line 20 and safelie garded hauing a time of combat granted to determine the cause betwéene the two dukes the sixtéenth daie of September in the two and twentith of the said king being the yeare of our redemption 1398. But in the end the matter was so ordered that this duke of Norffolke was banished for euer whervpon taking his iourneie to Ierusalem he died at Uenice in his returne froÌ the said citie of Ierusalem in the first yeare of king Henrie the fourth about the yeare of our redemption 1399. He maried Elisabeth line 30 one of the daughters and heires of Richard erle of Arundell Warren and Surreie by whome he had issue Iohn duke of Norffolke and three daughters Elisabeth maried to Michaell de la Poole the yoonger earle of Suffolke Margaret maried vnto sir Robert Howard knight and Isabell maried to sir Iames Barkeleie Iohn Mowbreie earle of Notingham marshall of England and duke of Norffolke baron Segraue and Bower was buried in the Charteââouse within the I le of Exholme he maried Katharine the daughter line 40 of Rafe the first earle of Westmerland by whom he had issue Iohn duke of Norffolke Iohn lord Mowbreie the sixt baron of the name of Mowbreie sonne to Iohn duke of Norffolke was after his father duke of Norffolke This Iohn was buried in Tetford priorie who marieng Elenor the daughter of William lord Burchier earle of Ewe had issue Iohn duke of Norffolke Iohn the last duke of Norffolke of the surnâme of line 50 Mowbreie the sonne of Iohn the last before mentioned was in his fathers life time created earle of Warren and Surreie by king Henrie the sixt and after the death of his father was duke of Norffolke This Iohn the last duke died in his castell of Fremingham in the yeare 1461 being the second yeare of king Edward the fourth He maried Elisabeth daughter to Iohn lord Talbot earle of Shrewesburie by whome he had issue one onelie daughter and heire maried to Richard duke of Yorke second son to Edward the fourth line 60 Thomas Plantagenet second sonne to Henrie the fourth was created duke of Clarence in the eleuenth yeare of his father being about the yeare of our redemption 1409 and was afterward in the 13 of the same king created earle of Aumerle and high steward of England he was slaine the two and twentith of March in the ninth yeare of the reigne of the victorious king Henrie the fift in the yeare of our redemption 1420 beginning the yeare of our Lord on the fiue and twentith daie of March He maried Margaret the daughter of Thomas Holland earle of Kent and died without issue legitimat hauing a base sonne called Iohn the bastard of Clarence Iohn Plantagenet third son to Henrie the fourth was by his father created duke of Bedford at the parlement of Leicester in the yeare of Christ 1414 in the second of king Henrie the fift Of this man is more large mention made in my discourse of the protectors of England Humfreie Plantagenet fourth sonne of Henrie the fourth was by his father created duke of Glocester who for the nobilitie of his mind and vertuous life was made protector of England Of whom is more spoken in my former discourse of the protectors of England Iohn Beaufort which name of Beaufort was giuen by Iohn of Gant to his children which he had by Katharine Swineford when they were made legitimate by parlement about the one and twentith yeare of king Richard the second as is before touched was created marquesse Dorset by Henrie the fourth and after aduanced to the honour of duke of Summerset in the first yeare of king Henrie the first being the yeare of our redemption 1413. He maried Margaret the daughter of sir Iohn Beauchampe lord of Powicke he had issue Margaret maried to Edmund Haddam earle of Richmond father to king Henrie the seuenth after the death of which Edmund she was maried to Thomas lord Stonleie afterward by Henrie the seuenth created earle of Darbie and after vnto Henrie sonne to Humfreie duke of Buckingham This duke of Summerset died the two and twentith yeare of king Henrie the sixt and was buried at Winborne in the yeare of Christ
1444. And his daughter the ladie Margaret died at Westminster on the nine and twentith of Iune in the first yeare of king Henrie the eight in the yeare of Christ a thousand fiue hundred and nine about three score and fiue yeares after the death of hir father Thomas Beaufort sonne to Iohn of Gant duke of Lancaster and Katharine Swineford was created duke of Excester in the fift yeare of K. Henrie the fift of whome is mention made in my protectors Edmund Beaufort sonne of Iohn Beaufort duke of Summerset was created earle Morton in the seuenth yeare of K. Henrie the fift He was created marquesse Dorset and duke of Summerset by king Henrie the sixt he was made regent of Normandie and lost the whole countrie to the French for which after his comming out of Normandie in the nine and twentith yeare of king Henrie the sixt he was on the sixt of December the same yeare being the yeare of our Lord 1450 apprehended and put vnder arrest and his goods by the commons fowlie despoiled and caried awaie from the Blacke friers He was slaine at the battell of S. Albons in Maie the thrée and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the sixt falling in the yeare of our Lord 1455 and was with Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland and Thomas lord Clifford buried at S. Albons He maried two wiues the first was Elenor the daughter of Richard Beauchampe earle of Warwike widow to Thomas lord Rosse by whom he had issue Henrie duke of Summerset Edmund duke of Summerset Iohn marques Dorset Margaret maried to Humfreie duke of Buckingham Elisabeth maried to sir Henrie Lewes knight Elenor maried to Iames Butler earle of Wilshire and after to sir Robert Spenser Anne maried to sir William Pastone knight and Ione maried to the lord Hooth of Ireland His second wife was Ione who was after maried to Henrie Bromefield knight of the which Edmund duke of Summerset and the other lords buried at saint Albons thus writeth the worthie poet Iohn Gower with these same verses hereafter following Quos mors quos Martis sors saeua suaeque sororis Bella prostrarunt villae medióque necarunt Mors sic occisos tumulauerat hîc simul ipsos Póstque necem requieÌ causauit habere perennem Et medium sine quo vult hîc requiescere nemo Hic lis hic pugna mors est qui terminat arma Mors sors Mauors qui strauerunt dominos hos Henrie Beaufort eldest sonne to Edmund duke of Summerset was after the death of his father erle line 10 Morton marquesse Dorset and duke of Summerset he was capteine of Calis who with other nobles in the nine and thirtith of Henrie the sixt slue the duke of Yorke at the battell of Wakefield in the yeare of our redemption 1460 according to the accompt of England Shortlie after which K. Henrie the sixt whom this duke supported all that he could was deposed Edward the fourth crowned Touching which deposing of the one crowning of the other although it be impertinent to the treatise of line 20 the dukes of England hauing here so good place therfore I will set downe such verses as I haue found in I. Whethamsted adding further such other verses also as I find in him concerning a battell fiercelie fought at Ferribrig in Yorkeshire in this sort X. numero seni lapsi sunt circiter anni Postquam successit lexiuris iuréue rexit Anglorum regnum vis non ius rexerat ipsum Iam noua progenies quia coelo venit ab alto line 30 Saturni soboles quae nomine dicitur altro Edwardus quartus Richardo sanguine iunctus Creditur à multis redeunt Saturnia nostris Temporibus saecla lis visque nephas simul vna Deperiunt iura lex pax sunt reditura Fraus etiámque dolus cessabunt aâ violentus Raptus auaritiae subeunt verúmque fidésque Haec spes plebis erat cleri chorus haecque putabat Det ceu speratur regnum Deus vt statuatur line 40 Et plebs tranquillè viuat clerus atque quietè Then of the time of that former recited warre in which the northerne men were ouercome there were these verses made vpon the excesse and euill which they outragiouslie committed in the south parts of England without regard of God obedience to their naturall prince reuerence to the church loue to their natiue countrie or benefite to themselues M. semel X. seno centum quater I. simul vno In Martis mense terdena denique luce line 50 In patria Boreae Ferrebrig propè iugera villae Pugna fuit plebis acris nimis satis atrox Vicerat Arcthos in bello Martius heros Iunior Edwardus Hector nouus alter Achilles Prostrauit multos Austro tunc cesserat Arcthos Et doluit casum supra X. bis millia quorum Quamplures domini plures erant generosi Illius patriae flos vt sors tunc cecidere Et meritò quoniaÌ spoliaruÌt nequiter Austrum line 60 Laus igitur Domino sit honor sit gloria Christo Cessat nunc flatus grandis Boreaeque boatus Inque Austrum redijt Acolus ventum variauit Est Bore as mordens valdè ventus adurens Est Auster iustus vult morsu rodere morsus Et malè mordentes bene vires tollere eidem Est Zephyrus placidus est suauis frater eius Hinc Boreásque Aquilo pro nuÌc clauduÌtur in antro Furthermore touching the title of the same king Edward the fourth to the gouernement of the kingdome of England and of his right and truth therevnto were these following verses composed to declare the deposition of king Henrie the sixt as beforesaid in the coronation of Edward the fourth and how the same kingdome of England with all the members thereof did belong to Edward the fourth as vnto the rightfull lineall heire to the same with his pedegrée proouing the same also in this sort In sibi coniunctis Edwardi semine natis Ortus erat primò Leonellus Iohnque secundò Cedat lex regni vult iunior vt seniori Attamen Henricus haeres genitúsque Iohannis Per vim sceptrigerum regimen tulerátque coronam Et tenuit multis sed non sine viribus annis Illi successit rex qui si non caruisset Iustitiae titulo non Hector dignior ipso Non iudex Eacus non ore politus Vlysses Ipso defuncto successit filius in quo Stirps ea cessauit Haeres rectus remeauit Scilicet Edwardus Leonelli proximus haeres Hic petijt regimen rex obstat dátque negamen Resagitur belli vicit sanguis Leonelli Et palmam tulerat Henricus rex fugiebat Bello finito multo quóque sanguine fuso Quum victor secum palmam ferrétque triumphum Vendicat hoc iterum plebs applaudebat eidem Clamabátque sibi Viuat foelicior omni Rege vel Augusto melior regat Octauiano Haec vox cunctorum clamor
protectors of England Henrie Beauchampe the sonne of Richard Beauchampe earle of Warwike by Isabell ladie Spenser his second wife succeeded his father in all his inheritances the twentith of Maie in the seuenteenth yeare of king Henrie the sixt being the yeare of our redemption 1439. For then the said Richard Beauchampe died at Rone in Normandie This Henrie after that his inheritance had béene kept two years in the kings hands was dismissed of his wardship and restored to his liuings with great glorie For he was crowned king of the I le of Wight as saith Iohn Stow by the kings owne hand and nominated chiefe earle of England in the twentith yeare of the said king Henrie the sixt being about the yeare of Christ 1442. Shortlie after in the two and twentith yeare of the said king Henrie the sixt in the yeare of our redemption 1444 he was created duke of Warwike vnto whome the king gaue the castell of Brightstow or Bristow with all the appurtenances with king Iohn kept in his hands to which duke also the king gaue the Iles of Garnseie and Ierseie About two years after which on the foure and twentith of the same king Henrie the sixt being the yeare of our redemption 1446 died this duke of Warwike whose stile was duke of Warwike chiefe earle of England lord Spenser and Aburgauennie king of the I le of Wight Garnseie and Ierseie and lord of the castell of Bristow He died without issue and was buried at Teukesburie whereby his inheritance came to his foure sisters which were by Elisabeth one of the daughters and heires of Thomas lord Barkeleie Lisle and Teies first wife vnto his father Margaret his eldest sister maried to Iohn Talbot first earle of Shrewsburie of that name Elenor the second sister first maried to Thomas lord Rosse and after to Edmund duke of Summerset c Elisabeth the third sister maried to George Neuill lord Latimer whose other fourth sister by Isabell the second wife vnto Richard earle Beauchampe daughter to Thomas lord Spenser and mother also to the aboue named Henrie duke of Warwike who died without issue was Anne maried to Richard Neuill earle of Salisburie Humfreie Stafford earle Stafford created duke of Buckingham in the two and twentith yeare of king Henrie the sixt being the yeare of our redemption 1444 was slaine at the battell of Northampton Of this man sée more in my discourse of the conestables of England pag. 868. Henrie sonne to the said Humfreie duke of Buckingham was beheaded in the first yeare of Richard the third in the yeare of our redemption 1483. Of this man is more set downe in my discourse of the conestables of England pag. 869. Edward Stafford sonne to the said Henrie was duke of Buckingham being beheaded in the thirtéenth yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the eight which was the yere of our redemption 1521 of whom also I haue intreated in the said discourse of the constables of England pag. 870. William de la Poole earle of Suffolke created marques of Suffolke in the two twentith of king Henrie the sixt being the yeare of our redemption 1444 was shortlie after also created duke of Suffolke in the eight twentith of the said king Henrie the sixt falling in the yeare 1450 was banished the realme for fiue yeares to pacifie the hard opinion which the commons had conceiued against him He tooke ship to performe his banishment the third of line 10 Maie and sailed towards France but was on the sea incountered by a ship of the tower named the Nicholas by which he was taken and beheaded and his bodie cast vp at Douer sands and buried in the charterhouse at Hull He maried Alice the daughter and heire of Thomas Chaucer son to that famous poet Geffreie Chaucer by which wife the maner of Ewelme commonlie called Newelme in Oxfordshire came to the Pooles This duke his wife did there build a new parish church of Ewelme standing line 20 on a hill and founded a pretie hospitall called Gods house at the west end of Ewelme parish church to which house he gaue the manours of Ramrige in Hampshire Conocke in Wiltshire and Mersh in Buckinghamshire He also founded an hospitall at Donnington castell This Alice wife of duke William suruiuing hir husband was after buried in the parish church of Ewelme on the southside of the high altar in a rich toome of alabaster with an image in the habit of a dutchesse crowned lieng on line 30 the same toome and hauing this epitaph Orate pro anima serenissimae principissae Alissiae Sulfolchiae huius ecclesiae patronae quae obijt 20 die mensis Maij anno Domini 1475 litera dominicali A. Iohn de la Poole son to the said William de la Poole duke of Suffolke was also duke of Suffolke after the death of his father This man on the eightéenth of Aprill in the fiftéenth yéere of king Edward the fourth being the yeare of our redemption 1415 was knighted by the king He married Elisabeth line 40 daughter to Richard duke of Yorke and sister to Edward the fourth by whom he had issue Edmund erle of Suffolke Iohn that by Edward the fourth was created earle of Lincolne and Anne who by procurement of king Richard the third was maried to the duke of Rothseie eldest son to the king of Scots Richard Plantagenet second sonne to king Edward the fourth was by his father created duke of Yorke in the 15 yéere of his reigne being the yeare of our Lord 1474 at a parlement in the said fiftéenth line 50 yeare of Edward the fourth This duke on the fiftéenth of Ianuarie in the seauentéenth yeare of king Edward the fourth being the yeare of our redemption 1477 was married to ladie Anne daughter and heire to Iohn Mowbreie duke of Norffolke and was in the first yéere of the reigne of the tyrant king Richard the third his vncle most vnnaturallie murthered in the tower in the yeare of Christ 1483. George Plantagenet third sonne to king Edward the fourth was created duke of Bedford by his line 60 father in the yéere of our redemption 1470 and died without issue being verie yoong Iohn Howard lord Howard the son of sir Robert Howard knight and of Margaret his wife one of the daughters and heires of Thomas lord Mowbreie duke of Norffolke earle of Notingham and marshall of England was created duke of Norffolke and marshall of England in the first yéere of the vsurping king Richard the third being the yéere of our redemption 1483. This man following the part of the said king Richard was at the battell of Bosworth in Lecestershire fought in the third yeare of the said king Richard in the yéere of Christ 1485 slaine with the said king Richard He had two wiues Katharine the daughter of William lord Molins by whome he had issue Thomas earle of Surreie after made duke of Norffolke by king
the dispatch of the affaires of the kingdome committing the charge of line 50 his bishoprike to one Rafe sometime a moonke of Glastenburie and now become an apostata Great contention was betwéene this man and king Stephan He bought the treasurorship for the summe of foure hundred marks of Henrie the second for his sonne Richard Filius Nigelli or Fitz Nele otherwise called Richard of Elie. He gouerned the bishoprike six and thirtie yeares as most saie and builded saint Iohns college in Cambridge line 60 But touching the time of his death and the years of his bishoprike I cannot as yet set downe anie thing perfectlie but onelie this contradiction found in the written booke of Elie which I suppose to haue risen by the negligence of the transcriber which is that he gouerned the see of Elie six and thirtie years and died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred sixtie and six the third calends of Iune the first houre of the sixt ferie or fridaie Which by no account can fall to be true accounting from the time of the first obteining of the bishoprike in the thrée and thirtith yeare of Henrie the first in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée For if you adde the six and thirtie yeares of his gouernement to the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée then must he die in the yeare of grace one thousand one hundred sixtie and nine And if you will haue him to die in the yeare one thousand one hundred sixtie and six then can he gouerne but thrée and thirtie yeares which thrée and thirtie added to the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée in which he began his gouernement as all authors agrée make the value of one thousand one hundred sixtie and six years of our Lord. So that considering the discordancie of the time of his death found in the written booke of his life we cannot I saie as yet set downe anie certeintie of his death Though I suppose that to be the truest which I find in Triuet who affirmeth that he died in the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred sixtie and nine and the fiftéenth of king Henrie the second after that he had gouerned six and thirtie yeares He was honorablie buried in the church of saint Ethelred of Elie before the altar dedicated to the holie crosse Richard de Elie or Fitzneale sonne of the said Nigellus bishop of Elie was made treasuror to K. Henrie the second by the purchase of his father Nigellus when the king went to the wars of Tolous Of whom the historie of Elie writeth that after the buriall of Nigellus his father this Richard being also an enimie to the church of Elie as his father had beene before made hast to passe ouer the seas to king Henrie the second fearing that some euill would be prepared against him if the church should haue sent anie other thither before him At whose comming to the king he accused the moonks of manie things and did therewith so edge the king against them that the king sending into England charged by Wunnerus one of his chaplens that the prior of Elie should be deposed the moonks with all their goods to be proscribed and banished This man being tresuror to king Henrie the second the treasure of the said Henrie the second at his death came vnto one hundred thousand marks notwithstanding the excessiue charges of the king manie waies Which Richard being bishop of London by the name of Richard the third and the kings treasuror was chosen to that sée in the yeare of our redemption one thousand one hundred eightie and nine being the first yéere of king Richard the first and was consecrated bishop at Lambeth by Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare of Christ 1190 he died the fourthides of September in the yéere of grace 1198 being the ninth yeare of king Richard the first William of Elie being of kin to the last Richard bishop of London was treasuror to king Richard the first and to king Iohn To which William then treasuror Richard his kinsman the bishop of London An. Dom. 1196 being the seuenth yeare of the reigne of Richard the first and the same number of yeares of the gouernment of the said Richard in the bishoprike of London did giue all his houses in Westminster which the said William did long after giue to the abbat and moonks of Westminster as by the charter therof appeers by me in this sort abridged Vniuersis Christi fidelibus ad quos praesens scriptum peruenerit Gulielmus de Elie quondam regum Angliae thesaurarius salutem Nouerit vniuersitas vestrame dedisse c Deo monachis Westminster c pro animabus Richardi Iohannis regum Angliae pro anima Richardi London episcopi c domos meas curiam cum pertinentibus in villa Westminster c quas habui ex dono Richardi episcopi London quae sunt de feedo Westminster c testis Eustachius Fauconbridge domini regis thesaurarius c. He died in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred twentie two being the sixt yeare of the long reigne of king Henrie the third as noteth Matthew Paris and Westminster who write that then Obijt Gulielmus Eliensis Angliae thesaurarius A deane of Paules was treasuror to the king as appéereth by Mat. Parker in the life of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie writing after this maner Eodem tempore which was a time betwéene the creating of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie in the yéere of Christ 1194 being the sixt yeare of Richard the first and the death of the said Richard the first which fell in the yeare of Christ 1199 ecclesiae Paulinae decanus ararij regij custos fuit siue vt vocant thesaurarius and so goeth on with a discourse of his miserable death line 10 Walter Greie bishop of Worcester whom some call treasuror in the eleuenth of king Iohn wherevnto I doo not yet agrée leauing it to the iudgement of others and to the finall receiuing or reiecting of him in the large booke of the whole liues of the lord treasurors of England Geffreie archdeacon of Norwich treasuror to king Iohn who forsooke his maister the king excommunicat by the pope as writeth Matthew Parker in the life of Stephan Langton archbishop of Canturburie line 20 in these following words Inter quos meaning the bishops which durst not openlie publish the excommunication of the king but secretlie cast libels about the high waies which gaue notice therof quum ad fiscum regium Gaufridus Noruicensis archidiaconus negotijs regijs intendens sedisset coepit assidentibus exponere excommunicationis sententiam in regem iam latam affirmauÃtque non esse tutum capellanis ecclesiasticis dignitatibus beneficiÃsque affectis seruire regi ampliùs Ideóque aulam deserens ad ecclesiastica beneficia quae regis
electus est Quod Bonifacius Cantuariensis archiepisc indignè tulit episcopis prouinciae suae coÌuocatis in difficilimis quibusdam nodosis quaestionibus per LincolnieÌsem episcopum compositis seriò examinauit deinde electione rescissa hunc Robertum repulit Richardum quendam de Wiz loco suo incoÌsulto rege substituit Next writeth Matthew Westminster that in the yeare of Christ 1233 being the seuentéenth of Henrie the third the nobilitie accused manie of the kings councellors amongst whome they placed Robertum Passelew thesaurarium Againe line 20 a little after he saith Et sic abscondit se iterum Robertus Passelew qui post Walterum Carleolensem officium thesaurarij administrauerat Of whose death Matthew Paris writeth thus Eodem quoque anno which was 1252 being the fiue and thirtith yeere of Henrie the third octauo idus Iunij obijt apud Waltham Robertus Passelew archidiaconus Lewis c whome I will here leaue although not in that place in which he should come if I had once resolued with my selfe that he had beene treasuror of England But because I had to speake line 30 of him with Peter de Riuallis I thought here in one place to set downe what I had read of them both and so to ioine them after their death which were so fast ioined in offices during their liues Hugh Pateshull treasuror of the excheker which was treasuror of the gréene wax or of the seale was also treasuror to the king in the eightéenth and ninetéenth yeare of his reigne and after made iustice of all England as Matthew Paris hath set downe in these words Rex auteÌfretus consilio saniori in the yere of line 40 Christ 1234 being the 18 yéere of Henrie the third Hugonem de Pateshull clericum filium videlicet Simonis de Pateshull quiquandóque habenas moderabatur totius regni iusticiarij virum fidelem honestum loco praedictorum which were Stephan Segraue chéefe iustice of England and Peter de Riuallis treasuror subrogauit Administrauerat enim idem Hugo officium scaccarij antea laudabiliter secundum quod appellatur secretum sigillum custodiendo definitam pecuniam à vicecomitibus recipiendo quare plenior fides est ei adhibita paterna fidelitate testimoniuÌ line 50 fidei perhibente He was confirmed bishop of Couentrie in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred and fortie being the 24 yere of Henrie the third who hauing bin the kings tresuror before did now with great solemnitie take his leaue of the barons of the excheker with teares and they all rose vp and kissed him Of whose election in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred thirtie and nine to that bishoprike thus further writeth the said Matth. touchching the moonks of Couentrie Eligerunt secundum line 60 praedictam formam dominum Hugonem de Pateshull c canonicum sancti Pauli London domini regis cancellariuÌ in episcopum custodem animarum suarum Concerning whome I collected this note out of the register of Westminster that Philip Coleuille knight the sonne of William Coleuille the sonne of Agnes Foliot gaue to Richard abbat of Westminster all his part of the inheritance which was Robert Foliots brother to the said Agnes in Langden Morton and Chalneie witnesses Rafe bishop of Chichester chancellor and Hugh Pateshull treasuror in the ninetéenth yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third which Pateshull Matthew Westminster in the yeere of Grace 1234 calleth Summum thesaurarium Galfridus Templarius whome some will haue treasuror but by what reson I cannot conceiue as yet and therefore will not obstinatlie reiect him nor hastilie receiue him into this place of the treasuror of this man is more spoken amongst the chancellors William Hauerhull a canon of Paules church in London was made treasuror to king Henrie the third the yere of our redemption one thousand two hundred and fortie being the foure and twentith yeare of the reigne of the said Henrie in which place he continued in the eight and twentith yeare of the said Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption 1244. He died at London in the yeare one thousand two hundred fiftie two being the six and thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third as saith the addition to Matthew Paris fol. 1128 after which the said author fol. 1226 laied his death in the yeere of Christ 1256 being the 39 yeare of king Henrie the third such error is crept into histories by the negligence of the transcriber but I suppose the first note of his death to be the truer because the same is confirmed by Matth. West speaking in the said yeare 1252 of the death of this man for whose epitaph these folowing verses were made Hîc iacet Hauerhulle iaces protothesaurarie regis Hinc Hauerhulle gemis non paritura talem Fercula culta dabas empyrea vina pluebas A modo sit Christus cibus esca tibi I haue also read a note of one William Hauerhull which might be this man which saith that William Hauerhull the sonne of Brithmarus de Hauerhull gaue houses in Cheapeside to the abbeie of Westminster and that one Thomas de Hauerhull was the sonne and heire of William Hauerhull Richard de Barking abbat of Westminster as witnesseth the liues of the abbats was one especiall councellor to Henrie the third chéefe baron of the excheker and treasuror of England who I suppose did follow William Hauerhull For his death which happened on the thrée and twentith daie of Nouember in the thirtith yeare of king Henrie the third in the yeare of Christ 1246 after that he had béene abbat foure and twentie yéeres must needs prooue him to be treasuror before Philip Louell yea and peraduenture as is most likelie before Hugh Pateshull Yet Matthew Paris speaking of the death of Hauerhull will néeds haue Philip Louell to succéed William Hauerhull as after shall appéere This Richard de Barking was buried in Westminster church before the midle of the altar in our ladie chapell in a toome of marble which after in the time of William Colchester abbat of that place was pulled downe by frier Combe a sacrist of that house of Westminster who laied a faire plaine marble stone ouer him with this present epitaph thus inscribed Richardus Barking prior post inclytus abbas Henrici regis prudens fuit iste minister Huius erat prima laus insula rebus opima Altera laus éque Thorp census Ocham decimequâ Tertia Mortone castrum simili ratione Et regis quarta de multis commoda charta Clementis festo mundo migrauit abisto M. Domini C. bis xl sextóque sub anno Cui detur venia parte pia virgo Maria. Philip Luuell or Louell was in this order aduanced to the office of treasuror as appeereth by these words of Matthew Paris vpon the death of Williliam Hauerhull Et cùm crederetur quòd dominus rex
the discourse of the chancellors hereafter William Walwaine treasuror of England in the twelfe yeare of king Edward the second being about the yeare of our redemption 1318 was as it should séeme for his negligence and vnworthines of the place most worthilie remooued at the parlement at Yorke in such sort that he possessed not that place as I coniecture aboue halfe a yere For in the same twelfe yeare came the bishop of Winchester Iohn Stratford bishop of Winchester vpon the remoouing of Walwaine was in the same twelfe yeare of king Edward the second admitted into the office of the treasurorship vntill the king should otherwise determine Which bishop found not in the treasurie aboue nine twentie pounds seuentéene shillings and eight pence which might well be the cause of the displacing of the said Walwaine who had ouer prodigallie dispersed the kings treasure Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester was treasuror in the thirteenth yeare of king Edward the second being the yeare of our redemption 1319 in which I suppose he continued vntill the fiftéenth yeare of the said king being about the yere of Christ 1321. Of this man dooth more follow Walter Norwich knight was the third time made treasuror which place he inioied in the fiftéenth yeare of king Edward the second being the yéere of our redemption 1321 or there abouts Walsingham saith that in the second of Edward the third Obijt William de Norwich Roger Northborow Scutifer or kéeper of the seale being taken by the Scots at the battell of Banockesburne about the seuenth yeare of Edward the second in the yeare of our redemption 1313 was also clearke of the wardrobe and treasuror in the sixtéenth of king Edward the second being the yeare of our redemption 1322. Of whom thus writeth one anonymall chronicle M.S. Anno Domini 1321 obijt Walterus de Langtone episcopus Cestren cui successit in episcopatus honore per viaÌ impressionis ambitionis Rogerus de Northburgh clericus de regis garderobia sibi regis in cunctis fauentibus auxilio voluntate I haue read of one Godfreie de Northburgh bishop of Chester that died in the three and thirtith of king Edward the third being the yere of Christ 1359 which perhaps should be this Roger Northborow Godfreie being by the transcriber placed in stéed of Roger. But I will not at this time define anie certeintie thereof although I find an other note of one Roger Northborow consecrated bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield in the yeare of Christ 1321 who sat in that sée eight and thirtie years which eight and thirtie yeares added to the yeare of Christ in which this Roger was made bishop doo make vp the number of the yeare of Christ 1359 in which it is said that Godfreie Northborow died Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester the second time treasuror in the eightéenth yeare of king Edward the second before was remooued in Easter tearme in the same yeare In which Easter tearme was William bishop of Yorke also made treasuror as is prooued by the pell of Exitus that terme being thus intituled De termino Paschae anno 18 Ed. 2. tam tempore W. episcopi Exon. quà m W. archiepiscopi Eborum This Walter being elected to the bishoprike of Excester in the yeare of our redemption 1307 did sit in that place twentie years and was beheaded at the comming into England of quéene Isabell to depose Edward the second in the twentith yere of the said king Edward the second in the yéere of our redemption line 10 1326. The cause of whose beheading was for that he had procured the banishment of the said quéene Isabell and of hir sonne prince Edward William Melton archbishop of Yorke made lord treasuror in Easter terme in the eightéenth yéere of Edward the second kept the same office vntill the deposition of himselfe from that place of his maister from his kingdome in the twentith yeare of the reigne of the said Edward the second and then gaue place to Iohn Stratford line 20 Iohn Stratford bishop of Winchester was the second time made treasuror of England in the twentith yeare of the deposed king Edward after the death of Walter Stapleton This Iohn the fouretéenth daie of Nouember in the said twentith yeare of Edward the second comming into the excheker brought thither the kings patent or open writ or commandement vnder the seale of Edward the kings eldest son to witnes his election and creation to that place of treasuror the tenor of which writ I line 30 haue thought good to set downe because it was doone by the son in the fathers name and vnder the teste of the son the father yet being king in shew but the son indéed as gouernor of the realme which title he inioied vntill that he most vnnaturallie by the malice of his mother the ambition of himselfe and the flatterie of his followers had deposed his father The tenor of which writ was in these words as followeth EDwardus rex Angliae dominus Hiberniae baronibus camerarijs suis de scaccario suo salutem Quùm pro eo line 40 quòd venerabilis pater W. archiepiscopus Eborum nuper thesaurarius scaccarij praedicti circa diuersa negotia in partibus Borealibus est occupatus quominùs intendere possit ad ea quae ad officium illud in dicto scaccario pertinent exercenda constituerimus venerabilem patrem Iohannem Wintoniensem episcopum tenentem locum thesaurarij scaccarij praedicti quousque de officio illo aliter duximus ordinandum Percipiendo in eodem officio dum illud sic tenuerit feodum consuetum prout in literis nostris patentibus praefato episcopo inde confectis pleniùs line 50 continetur Vobis mandamus quòd ipsum episcopum ad officium admittatis ei in his quae ad officium praedictum pertineant intendatis in forma praedicta Teste Edwardo filio nostro primogenito custode regni nostri Apud Hereford sexto die Nouembris anno regni nostri vicesimo Adam Tarleton or de Orleton borne in Herefordshire being Decretorum doctor was made bishop of Hereford by the pope at Auinion in the yeere one thousand thrée hundred and seauenteene about the tenth or eleuenth yeare of the reigne of Edward the line 60 second being he that made the sermon for the deposition of king Edward the second and wrote the amphibologicall epistle for the death of the king conteining these words Regem occidere nolite timere bonum est which hath by a comma or point made at Timere one sense and by a comma made at Nolite another sense Which Adam was made lord treasuror in the first yeere of king Edward the third being the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred twentie and six in which office he continued not long For in the Easter terme of the said king came Henrie bishop of Lincolne This man was made bishop of
cloths at the same but onelie their accustomable common apparell which then was commonlie greie coloured cloths This bishop was no lesse graue and wise than stout and of courage if occasion did so require And amongest other things this is reported of him that about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred thirtie and one Simon Mepham then archbishop of Canturburie sent his mandatum to this bishop that he would visit his church diocesse vpon mondaie next after Ascension daie then following This bishop vpon what occasion it is not written did refuse this mandatum and appealed from the same aduertising the archbishop that he should not visit his church line 10 nor diocesse Notwithstanding the archbishop at the time appointed came to this citie and went to S. Peters church nothing thinking that anie durst to withstand him But the bishop knowing of his comming goeth to the church doore méeteth the archbishop and forbiddeth him to enter into his church but the archbishop pressing forward as with force to enter the bishop being then well garded denied and resisted him whervpon the archbishop departed and after at a prouinciall counsell holden at London the line 20 archbishop complained hereof but by meanes of the like discord betwéene him his suffragans he preuailed not In this bishops time one William of Excester a verie well learned man was a canon of this church and he ioining with Nicholas de Cesena Okeham Walsingham and others did openlie preach that Christ and his apostles were but poore men and had no temporall possessions neither was anie emperor or laie man subiect to the pope but onlie in matters of religion But when he heard that line 30 pope Iohn the thrée and twentith had excommunicated and would condemne them all for heretikes this William to saue his liuings secretlie shroonke awaie from his old companions and changed his copie and writeth certeine conclusions against them and his owne preachings Also in this bishops time about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and fortie one Iohn of Bampton so named bicause he was borne at Bampton in this diocesse and a moonke of the order of the Carmelites was a line 40 verie good scholar and first did openlie read Aristotle in the vniuersitie of Cambridge where he was a scholar and afterwards he studied diuinitie and was made doctor he wrote certeine bookes which are not extant This bishop after that he had occupied this church about two and fortie yeares he died vpon S. Swithins daie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred sixtie and nine and was buried in a chappell which he builded in the west wall of his line 50 owne church 30 Thomas Brentingham after the death of this Iohn Grandesson was at one instant chosen bishop of Excester and bishop of Hereford who refusing the one tooke the other and was consecrated bishop of Excester vpon the tenth daie of March in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and seauentie being the feast daie of Nereus and Achilles William of Worcester then archbishop of Canturburie This Thomas was a man verie well learned line 60 and experted both in ecclesiasticall matters and in politike gouernement and in both these respects greatlie reuerenced and estéemed and for that cause at the parlement holden at Westminster in the tenth yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second was chosen one of the twelue péeres of the realme vnder the king He was a benefactor to the Calenderhaie of the vicars chorall of his owne church and performed and supplied in buildings and otherwise what his predecessors had left vndoone And hauing beene bishop foure and twentie yeares he died the third of December in the yeare of our Lord 1394 and was buried in the north side of the bodie of his owne church 31 Edmund Stafford vpon the twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred ninetie and fiue was consecrated at Lambeth by William Courtnaie archbishop of Canturburie He was borne and descended of noble parentage being brother to Ralfe lord Stafford created earle of Stafford by king Edward the third he was both wise and learned and for his wisedome grew into great credit with the king and was both of his priuie councell as also lord chancellor of England At the parlement holden at Westminster the one and twentith yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second he being then speaker of the higher house made a verie learned and pithie oration to prooue the absolute authoritie of a king his theme was Rex vnus erit omnibus And hauing discoursed at large of the authoritie of a king he did conclude Quòd potestaâ regis esset sibi sola vnita annexa solida and whosoeuer did by anie meanes impeach the same Poena legis meritò esset plectendus And for the furtherance of good letters he did increase two fellowships in the college of Stapledons inne in Oxford reformed the statutes of the house and altered the name of it and called it Excester college After that he had continued bishop in much honor about thrée and twentie yeares he died the fourth of September being the seuenth yeare of king Henrie the fift and lieth buried in his owne church in a verie faire toome of alabaster 32 Iames Carie bishop of Chester then being at Florence when news was brought to pope Martin the fift of the said late bishop Staffords death was there made bishop of this church in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred and nineteene and also consecrated but long he inioied not his office for there he died and was buried 33 Edmund Lacie bishop of Hereford was translated from thense vnto this church in the feast of Easter and in the eight yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the fift in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand foure hundred and twentie He was a man verie deuout and religious but subiect to flatterers who carried him to their pleasure he was a liberall benefactor vnto the vicar of Calenderhaie Great contentions were betwéene him and the citie for liberties which by arbitrement were compounded He founded the chapter house in his owne church He was a professor of diuinitie and verie well learned For in the second yeare of his bishoprike being the ninth yeare of the kings reigne there was a parlement holden at Westminster in which great complaints were made against the loose and dissolute life of the religious men and especiallie the blacke moonks And this matter being brought to the conuocation house this bishop as chéefe proloquntor of that assemblie did make a verie learned and a pithie oration before the king then of purpose present and the whole cleargie much lamenting that the religious men were so far straied from the rules of their professions and the holinesse of their predecessors And when he had at large discoursed the same he deliuered vp certeine articles in
they vsed to saie Benedicite and others to answer Dominus in like sort as the preest and his penitent were woont to doo at confession in the church Notwithstanding all this K. William sought to tame vanquish those of the English Nobilitie who would not be at his becke They againe on the other side made themselues strong the better to resist him choosing for their chéefe capteines and leaders the line 10 earles Edwine Edgar Etheling who valiantlie resisted the Normans and slue many of them with great rage and crueltie And as they thus procéeded in their matters king William being a politike prince forward and painefull in his businesse suffered them not altogither to escape cléere awaie but did sore annoy and put them off to remediles losses though he abode in the meane time many laborious iournies slaughters of his people and damages of line 20 his person Herevpon the English Nobilitie euer after yea in time of peace were hated of the king and his Normans and at length were kept so short that being mooued partlie with disdaine and partlie with dread they got them out of the realme some into Scotland some into Denmarke others into Norway and among these the two earles Edwine and Marchar with certeine bishops others of the cleargie besides manie also of the temporaltie escaped into Scotland Marleswine Gospatricke with a great number of other the Nobles of Northumberland line 30 Edgar Ethling with his mother Agatha and his sisters Christine and Margaret chanced also to be driuen into Scotland by tempest as they sailed towards the coasts of Germanie purposing to haue returned into Hungarie where the said Edgar was borne howbeit being arriued in Scotland he found so friendlie entertainment there that finallie Malcolme the third then king of that realme tooke his sister Margaret to wife and Christine became a nunne as in the Scotish chronicles more line 40 plainelie dooth appéere King William héereby perceiuing daily how vnwilling the Englishmen were to be vnder his obeisance was in feare of rebellious commotions and therfore to subdue them the better he builded foure castels one at Notingham another at Lincolne the third at Yorke and the fourth néere vnto Hastings where he landed at his first comming into England Moreouer to reduce the English people the sooner line 50 vnto obedience and awe he tooke from them all their armour and weapons He ordeined also that the maister of euerie houshold about eight of the clocke in the euening should cause his fire to be raked vp in aâhes his lights to be put out and then go to bed Besides this to the end that euerie man might haue knowledge of the houre to go to rest he gaue order that in all cities townes and villages where anie church was there should a bell be roong at the said houre which custome is still vsed euen vnto this daie line 60 and commonlie called by the French word Couer few that is Rake vp the fier This yeare on Whitsunday Maud the wife of king William was crowned Queene by Acldred archbishop of Yorke year 1068 The same yeare also was Henrie his sonne borne here in England for his other two sonnes Robert and William were borne in Normandie before he had conquered this land About the same time also Goodwine and Edmund surnamed the great the sonnes of K. Harold came from Ireland and landing in Somersetshire fought with Adriothus that had béene maister of their fathers horsses whom they ââue with a great number of others and so hauing gotten this victorie returned into Ireland from whence they came with a great bootie which they tooke in their returne out of Cornewall Deuonshire and other places thereabouts In like maner Excester did as then rebell and likewise the countrie of Northumberland wherevpon the king appointed one of his capteines named Robert Cumin a right noble personage but more valiant than circumspect to go against the northerne people with a part of his armie whilest he himselfe and the other part went to subdue them of Excester where at his comming before the citie the citizens prepared themselues to defend their gates and wals but after he began to make his approch to assaile them part of the citizens repenting their foolish attempts opened the gates and suffered him to enter Thus hauing subdued them of Excester he greeuouslie punished the chéefe offendors But the countesse Gita the sister of Sweine K. of Denmarke and sometime wife to earle Goodwine and mother to the last K. Harold with diuers other that were got into that citie found meanes to flie and so escaped ouer into Flanders King William hauing passed his businesse in such wise in Deuonshire hasted backe towards Yorke being aduertised in the waie that the Northumbers hauing knowledge by their spials that Robert generall of the Normans being come to Durham did not so diligentlie cause watch and ward to be kept about the towne in the night season as was requisite did set vpon him about midnight slue the same Robert with all his companie so that of seauen hundred which he brought with him there was but one that escaped to bring tidings to the king their souereigne He heard also how Edgar Etheling at the same time being in the countrie riding abroad with a troope of horsemen and hearing of the discomfiture of those Normans pursued them egerlie and slue great numbers of them as they were about to saue themselues by flight with which newes being in no small furie be made speed forward and comming at the last into Northumberland he easilie vanquished the foresaid rebels and putting the cheefe authors of this mutinie to death he reserued some of the rest as captiues and of other some he caused the hands to be chopped off in token of their inconstancie and rebellious dealing After this he came to Yorke and there in like sort punished those that had aided Edgar which doone he returned to London In the meane time year 1069 those Englishmen that were fled as you haue heard into Denmarke by continuall sute made to Sueine then king of that realme to procure him to make a iournie into England for recouerie of the right descended to him from his ancestors at length obteined their purpose in so much that king Sueine sent his sonnes Harold and Canutus toward England who with a nauie of two hundred saile in the companie of Osborne their vncle arriued in the mouth of Humber betwéene the two later ladie daies and there landing their people with the English outlawes whom they had brought with them they straightwaies marched towards Yorke wasting and spoiling the countrie with great crueltie as they passed Soone after also came Edgar and such other English exiles as had before fled into Scotland and ioined their forces with them When the newes of these things were brought to Yorke the people there were striken with a maruellous feare insomuch that Aeldred
with the inhabitants of the countrie of Yorkeshire and Northumberland that he wasted all the land betwixt Yorke and Durham so that for the space of threescore miles there was left in maner no habitation for the people by reason whereof it laie wast and desert for the space of nine or ten yeares ¶ The goodlie cities with their towers and steeples set vpon a statelie height and reaching as it were into the aire the beautifull fields and pastures watered with the course of sweet and pleasant riuers if a stranger should then haue beheld and also knowne before they were thus defaced he would surelie haue lamented or if any old inhabitant had béene long absent newly returned thither had séene this pitifull face of the countrie he would not haue knowne it such destruction was made through out all those quarters whereof Yorke it selfe felt not the smallest portion The bishop of Durham Egelwinus with his cleargie fled into holie Iland with S. Cutberts bodie and other iewels of the church of Durham where they tarried three moneths and od daies before they returned to Durham againe The kings armie comming into the countrie that lieth betwixt the riuers Theise and Tine found nothing but void feelds and bare walles the people with their goods and cattell being fled and withdrawne into the woods and mountaines if any thing were forgotten behind these new gests were diligent inough to find it out In the beginning of the spring king William returned to London and now after all these troubles began to conceiue greater hatred against the Englishmen line 10 than euer before so as doubting that hee should neuer by gentlenesse win their good willes he now determined by a harder measure to meete with them insomuch that he banished a great number other some also not a few he spoiled of their goods those especiallie of whom he was in hope to gaine any great portion of substance Thus were the Englishmen generallie in danger to lose life lands and goods without knowledge or orderlie proceeding in iudgement so that no greater line 20 miserie in the earth could be imagined than that whereinto our nation was now fallen He tooke from the townes and cities from the bishops sées and abbeies all their ancient priuileges and freedoms to the end they should not onelie be cut short and made weaker but also that they for the obteinment of their quietnesse might redeeme the same of him for such summes of monie as pleased him to exact Among other things he ordeined that in time of warre they should aide him with armor horsse and line 30 monie according to that order which he should then prescribe all which he caused to be registred inrolled and laid vp in his treasurie But diuerse of the spirituall persons would not obey this ordinance whom he banished without remorse About this time the archbishop Stigand and Alexander bishop of Lincolne fled to Scotland where they kept themselues close for a season But the king still continued in his hard procéeding against the Englishmen insomuch that now protesting how he line 40 came to the gouernance of the realme only by plaine conquest he seized into his hands most part of euerie mans possessions causing them to redeeme the same at his hands againe and yet reteined a propertie in the most part of them so that those that should afterwards enioy them should acknowledge themselues to hold them of him in yéelding a yéerlie rent to him and his successors for euer with certeine other prouisions whereby in cases of forfeiture the same lands should returne to him and his said successors line 50 againe The like order he appointed to be vsed by other possessors of lands in letting them forth to their tenants He ordeined also that the Termes should be kept foure times in the yéere in such places as he should nominate and that the iudges shuld sit in their seuerall places to iudge and decide causes and matters in controuersie betwixt partie and partie in manner as is vsed vnto this day He decréed moreouer that there should be shiriffes in euerie shire and iustices of the peace to keepe the countries line 60 in quiet and to sée offendors punished Furthermore he instituted the court of the Excheker and the officers belonging to the same as the barons the clearks and such other and also the high court of Chancerie After he had in this sort ordeined his magistrates and ministers of the lawes he lastlie tooke order what ordinances he would haue obserued wherevpon abrogating in maner all the ancient lawes vsed in times past and instituted by the former kings for the good order and quietnes of the people he made new nothing so equall or easie to be kept which neuerthelesse those that came after not without their great harme were constreined to obserue as though it had béene an high offense against GOD to abolish those euill lawes which king William a prince nothing friendlie to the English nation had first ordeined and to bring in other more easie and tollerable ¶ Here by the waie I giue you to note a great absurditie namelie that those lawes which touched all and ought to be knowne of all were notwithstanding written in the Norman toong which the Englishmen vnderstood not so that euen at the beginning you should haue great numbers partlie by the iniquitie of the lawes and partlie by ignorance in misconstruing the same to be wrongfullie condemned some to death and some in the forfeitures of their goods others were so intangled in sutes and causes that by no means they knew how to get out but continuallie were tossed from post to piller in such wise that in their minds they curssed the time that euer these vnequall lawes were made The maner for the triall of causes in controuersie was deuised in such sort as is yet vsed Twelue ancient men but most commonlie vnlearned in the lawes being of the same countie where the sute laie were appointed by the iudges to go togither into some close chamber where they should be shut vp till vpon diligent examination of the matter they should âgrée vpon the condemnation or acquiting of the prisoner if it were in criminall causes or vpon deciding in whom the right remained if it were vpon triall of things in controuersie Now when they were all agréed they came in before the iudges declaring to what agréement they were growne which doone the iudges opened it to the offendors or sutors and withall gaue sentence as the qualitie of the case did inforce and require There may happilie be as Polydor Virgil saith that will mainteine this maner of procéeding in the administration of iustice by the voices of a iurie to haue béene in vse before the conquerors daies but they are not able to prooue it by any ancient records of writers as he thinketh albeit by some of our histories they should séeme to be first ordeined by Ethelred
it selfe againe in his due place Moreouer at the verie same time also fire burst out of certeine riffes of the earth in so huge flames that neither by water nor otherwise it could be quenched In the 34. yeare of his reigne his brother Robert Curthose departed this life in the castell of Cardiff It is said that on a festiuall daie king Henrie put on a robe of scarlet the cape wherof being streict he rent it in striuing to put it ouer his head and perceiuing it would not serue him he laid it aside and said Let my brother Robert haue this robe who hath a sharper head than I haue Which when it was brought to duke Robert and the rent place not sowed vp he perceiued it and asked whether any man had worne it before The messenger told the whole matter how it happened Wherewith duke Robert tooke such a greefe for the scornefull mocke of his brother that he waxed wearie of his life and said Now I perceiue I haue liued too long that my brother shall cloth me like his almes man with his cast and rent garments Thus cursing the time of his natiuitie he refused from thencefoorth to eat or drinke and so pined awaie and was buried at Glocester King Henrie remaining still in Normandie rode round about a great part of the countrie shewing no small loue and courtesie to the people studieng by all meanes possible to win their fauours and bring merie amongst them Howbeit nothing reioised him more than that his daughter Maud the empresse at the same time was deliuered of hir second sonne named Geffrey so that he saw himselfe prouided of an assured successour But whilest he thus passed the time in mirth and solace he began soone after to be somewhat diseased and neuer could perceiue any euident cause thereof Wherefore to driue his greese away he went abrode to hunt and being somewhat amended thereby as he thought at his comming home he would néeds line 10 eat of a lamprey though his physician counselled him to the contrarie but he delighting most in that meat though it be in qualitie verie hurtfull to health would not be dissuaded from it so that his stomach being annoied therewith he fell immediatlie into an ague and so died shortlie after on the first day of December being as then about 67. yeares of age after he had reigned 35. yeres foure moneths lacking foure daies His bodie was conueied into England and buried at Reading within the abbey church line 20 which he had founded and endowed in his life time with great and large possessions It is written that his bodie to auoid the stench which had infected manie men was closed in a buls hide and how he that clensed the head died of the sauour which issued out of the braine ¶ Thus we sée that euen princes come to the like end by as base meanes as other inferiour persons according to that of the poet Dant alios furiae toruo spectacula Marti Exitio est auidis mare nautis line 30 Mista senum ac iuuenum densantur funera nullum Saeua caput Proserpina fugit And here we haue to note the neglect of the physicians counsell and that same ill disposition in diet which the king chose rather to satisfie than by restraining it to auoid the danger whereinto he fell But this is the preposterous election of vntoward patients according to that Nitimur in vetitum semper cupimúsque negata Touching his issue he had by his first wife a sonne line 40 named William drowned as ye haue heard in the sea also a daughter named Maud whome with hir sonnes he appointed to inherit his crowne and other dominions He had issue also by one of his concubins euen a sonne named Richard and a daughter named Marie who were both drowned with their brother William By an other concubine he had a sonne named Robert who was created duke of Glocester line 50 He was strong of bodie fleshie and of an indifferent stature blacke of haire and in maner bald before with great and large eies of face comelie well countenanced and pleasant to the beholders speciallie when he was disposed to mirth He excelled in three vertues wisedome eloquence and valiancie which notwithstanding were somewhat blemished with the like number of vices that reigned in him as couetousnesse crueltie and fleshlie lust of bodie His couetousnesse appeared in that he line 60 sore oppressed his subiects with tributes and impositions His crueltie in that he kept his brother Robert Curtehose in perpetuall prison and likewise in the hard vsing of his coosine Robert earle of Mortaigne whome he not onelie deteined in prison but also caused his eies to be put out which act was kept secret till the kings death reuealed it And his fleshlie lust was manifest by kéeping of sundrie women But in his other affaires he was circumspect in defending his owne verie earnest and diligent Such wars as might be auoided with honourable peace he euer sought to appease but when such iniuries were offered as he thought not meet to suffer he was an impatient reuenger of the same ouercomming all perils with the force of vertue and manlie courage shewing himselfe either a most louing fréend or an extreame enimie for he would subdue his foes to the vttermost and aduance his fréends aboue measure With iustice he ruled the commons quietlie and enterteined the nobles honorablie Théeues counterfeiters of monie and other transgressors he caused to be sought out with great diligence and when they were found to be punished with great seueritie Neither did he neglect reformations of certeine naughtie abuses And as one author hath written he ordeined that théeues should suffer death by hanging When he heard that such peeces of monie as were cracked would not be receiued amongest the people although the same were good and fine siluer he caused all the coine in the realme to be either broken or slit He was sober of diet vsing to eat rather for the quailing of hunger than to pamper himselfe with manie daintie sorts of banketting dishes He neuer dranke but when thirst mooued him he would sléepe soundlie and snore oftentimes till he awaked therewith He pursued his warres rather by policie than by the sword and ouercame his enimies so neere as he could without bloudshed which if it might not be yet with as little slaughter as was possible To conclude he was not inferiour to any of the kings that reigned in those daies in wisedome and policie and so behaued himselfe that he was honoured of the Nobles and beloued of the commons He builded diuerse abbeies both in England and Normandie but Reading was the chéefe He builded the manour of Woodstocke with the parke there wherein beside the great store of deere he appointed diuerse strange beasts to be kept and nourished which were brought and sent vnto him from forren countries farre
dealing was too manifest although indeed he abused his fathers patience for a while who was desirous of nothing more than to win his sonnes by some courteous meanes and therfore diuerse times offered to pardon all offenses committed by his enimies at the suit of his sonne the king who in déed offered himselfe now and then as an intreatour but that was onelie to win time that his brother with such Brabanders and other souldiers as he had with him in aid beside the forces of the barons of Guien might worke the more mischéefe against their father and their brother earle Richard in wasting and destroieng their countries that stood stedfast on their side In the meane time Richard the archbishop of Canturburie and diuerse other bishops and abbats both of England and Normandie assembled togither at Caen and in the abbeie church of S. Stephan pronounced the sentence of excommunication against all those that did hinder and impeach their purpose which was to haue peace and concord concluded betwixt the king and his sonnes the same sonnes onlie out of the said sentence excepted Diuerse shiftes were made by king Henrie the sonne and his brother earle Geffrey also to get monie for the paiment of their souldiers as spoiling of shrines and such like But at length when things framed not to their purpose and that the harme which they could doo against their father was much lesse than they wished if power had béene answerable to their wââes king Henrie the sonne through indignation and displeasure as some write fell into a gréeuous sicknesse in a village called Mertell noâ farre from Limoges where his father laie at siege At the first he was taken with an extreame feuer and after followed a sore flixe Now perceiuing himselfe in danger of death and that the physicians had giuen him ouer he sent to his father better late than neuer confessing his trespasse committed against him and required of all fatherlie loueth ãâã sée him once before he died But for that the father thought not good to commit himselfe into the hands of such vngratious persons as were about his sonne he sent his ring vnto him in token of his blessing and as it were a pledge to signifie that he had forgiuen him his vnnaturall doings against him The son receiuing it with great humilitie kissed it and so ended his life in the presence of the archbishop of Burdeaux and others on the day of saint Barnabie the apostle He died as some write verie penitent and sorowfull And whereas in his life time he had vowed to make a iourneie into the holie land against Gods enimies and taken vpon him the crosse for that intent he deliuered it vnto his familiar freend William line 10 Marshall to go thither with it in his stead Moreouer when he perceiued present death at hand he first confessed his sinnes secretlie and after openly before sundrie bishops and men of religion and receiued absolution in most humble wise After this he caused his fine clothes to be taken from him and therewith a heare cloth to be put vpon him and after tieng a cord about his necke he said vnto the bishops and other that stood by him I deliuer my selfe an vnworthie and greeuous sinner vnto you the ministers of line 20 God by this cord beséeching our Lord Iesus Christ which pardoned the théefe confessing his faults on the crosse that through your praiers and for his great mercies sake it may please him to be mercifull vnto my soule wherevnto they all answered Amen Then he said vnto them Draw me out of this bed with this cord and laie me on that bed strawed with ashes which he had of purpose prepared and as he commanded so they did and they laid at his feet and at his head two great square stones Thus being prepared line 30 to die he willed his bodie after his deceasse to be conueied into Normandie and buried at Rouen And so after he had receiued the sacrament of the bodie and bloud of our Lord he departed this life as afore is said about the 28. yeare of his age His bodie after his death was conueied towards Rouen there to be buried accordinglie as he had willed but when those that had charge to conueie it thither were come vnto the citie of Mauns the bishop there and the cleargie would not suffer them to line 40 go any further with it but committed it to buriall in honourable wise within the church of saint Iulian. Whereof when the citizens of Rouen were aduertised they were sore offended with that dooing and streightwaies sent vnto them of Mauns requiring to haue the corps deliuered threatening otherwise with manie earnest oths to fetch it from them by force Wherefore king Henrie to set order in this matter commanded that the corps of his sonne the king should be deliuered vnto them of Rouen to be line 50 buried in their citie as he himselfe had willed before his death And so it was taken vp and conueied to Rouen where it was eftsoones buried in the church of our ladie ¶ Thus ended this yoong king in his floorishing youth to whome through his owne iust deserts long life was iustlie denied sith he delighted to begin his gouernement with vnlawfull attempts as an other Absolon against his owne naturall father seeking line 60 by wrongfull violence to pull the scepter out of his hand He is not put in the number of kings bicause he remained for the more part vnder the gouernance of his father so that he rather bare the name of king as appointed to reigne than that he may be said to haue reigned in deed So that héere by the waie a notable obseruation dooth occurre and offer it selfe to be noted of vs namelie that euen princes children though borne to great excellencie and in high degâeâ of dignitie aâe to consider with themselues that notwithstanding their statelie titles of souereigntie they haue a dutie to discharge vnto their parents which if it be neglected and that in place thereof disobedience is substituted God himselfe when politike lawes prouide not to punish such offenses will take the cause in hand will powre vengeance vpon such vngratious children For he will be true of his word both in blessing and curssing in blessing the dutifull child with long life and happie daies and in curssing the obstinate and froward with short life and vnfortunate daies according to the tenure of his law If this man had liued in the old Romans time when aged persons were so reuerenced and honoured much more parents he had beene cut off in the prime of his disobedience and present death had beene inflicted vpon him as a due and deserued reward which Iuuenal noteth excellentlie well in these words Credebant hoc grande nefas morte piandum Si iuuenis vetulo non assurrexerat si Barbato cuicunque puer licèt ipse videret Plura domi farra maioris
their walles bulworks gates and other fortifications King Richard though he perceiued that this offer of peace tended vnto this point cheefelie that Saladine would thereby adnihilate whatsoeuer the christian armie had doone in the holie land since his the French kings arriuall so that by the said peace he should gaine more than by the edge of his sword did somewhat staie at this offer and demand as a thing greatlie dishonourable to the christians to lose by treatie of peace so much or rather more than they got by force of warres a meere token of faint and féeble courage yet considering that in such necessitie both of his departure from thence and also of lacke of other succors to resist the puissance of the enimies after his comming awaie he iudged it best to take the offer at the enimies hands in auoiding of some greater euill Herevpon therefore was a peace concluded to endure for thrée yeares thrée moneths thrée wéeks thrée daies and three houres to begin at Easter next insuing And among other articles it was couenanted that the christians should haue frée passage to come and go vnto the citie of Ierusalem to visit the holie sepulchre there which was granted so that amongst a great number of christians that presentlie vpon this conclusion went thither Hubert bishop of Salisburie was one who had continued about the king during the time of all his iournie till this time King Richard hauing thus concluded with Saladine tooke the sea and comming againe into Cypres sent his wife queene Berengaria with his sister Ioane late quéene of Sicile into England by the long seas but he himselfe not minding to lie long on the seas determined to take his course into Grecia and so by land to passe homewards with all speed possible Howbeit yer he could atteine his purpose his chance was to be driuen by tempest into the coast of Istria not farre from Aquilia where he stood in some doubt of his life For if he had beene knowne and taken they would surelie haue killed him bicause of the slander that went of him as guiltie of the death of Conrade the marquesse of Montferrato who indéed was slaine by two of the Assassini in the citie of Tyrus whilest king Richard was in the holie land as before yée haue heard He therefore hauing here made shipwracke and doubting to fall into the hands of any person in those parts that bare good will vnto the marquesse against whome he had indéed shewed himselfe not freendlie in a quarrell betwixt the said marquesse and Guido the king of Ierusalem made the best shift he could to get away yet knowledge being had of him and serch made after him by one Meinard of Gorezein he lost eight of his seruants and so came to a towne within the bishoprike of Saltzburge called Frisake where he was estsoones in danger to haue beene taken againe by one Frederike de saint Soome who notwithstanding tooke six of his men but yet he himselfe with three other of his companie made shifâ to get away Finallie comming to Uienna in Austrich and there causing his seruants to prouide meat for him more sumptuous and fine than was thought requisit for so meane a person as he counterfeited then to beare out in countenance it was streightwaies suspected that he was some other maner of man than he pretended and in fine those that marked more diligentlie the maner of him perceiued what he was and gaue knowledge to the duke of Austrich named Leopold being then in the citie of Uienna what they had seene His page that had the Dutch toong going about the towne to change gold and buy vittels bewraied him hauing by chance the kings gloues vnder his girdle wherevpon comming to be examined for feare of tortures confessed the truth The duke streightwaies caused the house where he was lodged to be set about with armed men and sent other into the house to apprehend him He being warie that he was descried got him to his weapon but they aduising him to be contented and alledging the dukes commandement he boldlie answered that sith he must be taken he being a king would yéeld himselfe to none of the companie but to the duke alone and therefore if it would please him to come he would yéeld himselfe into his hands The duke hearing of this spéedilie came vnto him whom he meeting deliuered vp his sword and committed him vnto his custodie The duke reioising of such a preie brought him vnto his palace and with gentle words enterteined him though he meant no great good towards him as well inough appeared in that he committed him to the keeping of certeine gentlemen which without much courtesie looked streightlie inough line 10 to him for starting awaie in somuch that they kept him in cold irons as some authours doo write He was taken after the maner aforesaid in December vpon S. Thomas éeue in the yéere of our Lord 1192. and in the fourth yeare of his reigne The duke of Austrich owght the king no good will bicause he had cast downe his ensignes pitcht vp in a turret at Acres which he had woone at the verie time when that citie was deliuered by the Saracens for while they were in tretie on the one side the line 20 duke on the other not knowing anie thing thereof gaue the assault vnto that part of the towne which was appointed vnto him to besiege And so being entred the towne and perceiuing that by treatie it was to be deliuered he retired into the turret which he had first woone and entred and there set vp his standard and ensignes which king Richard as the Dutch writers affirme comming thither threw downe and trode vnder his féet But Geruasius Dorobornensis declareth this matter line 30 somewhat otherwise as thus After that the said citie of Acres was rendred into the christian mens hands saith he diuerse lords tooke their lodgings as they thought good and hanged foorth their ensignes And as it chanced the duke of Austrich placing himselfe in one of the fairest palaces of all the citie put foorth his ensigne whereof king Richard being warie came thither with a companie of hardie souldiers about him and threw downe the dukes ensigne so displacing him out of that so pleasant and beautifull line 40 a lodging For this cause and also surmizing that king Richard should be guiltie of the death of the marques Conrade the duke of Austrich shewed such discourtesie towards him But concerning the mutther of the marques the chéefe gouernour of those Saracens called Assassini cleared king Richard by a letter written and directed vnto the duke of Austrich in manner as followeth A letter directed to the duke of Austrich wherein king Richard is cleared of the death of the marquesse of Mountserrat whereof he was vehementlie suspected LVpoldo duci Austriae Vetus de Monte salutem Cùm plurimi reges principes
hauing prepared all things necessarie for defense manfullie repelled the Frenchmen who inforced themselues to win the towne with continuall assaults and alarms not suffering them within to rest neither day nor night who yet for certeine daies togither by the valiant incouragement of their capteine defended the towne with great slaughter of the Frenchmen Neuerthelesse at length beginning to despaire by reason of their incessant trauell certeine of them that were somewhat faintharted stale ouer the walles in the night and ran to the Frenchmen and for safegard of their liues instructed them of the whole estate of the towne The French vnderstanding that they within were in no small feare of themselues with such violence came vnto the walles and renewed the assault vpon all sides that streightwaies they entred by force A great number of Englishmen were taken and amongst other their capteine the foresaid Hubert de Burgh This chanced on the vigill of S. Iohn Baptist. After this king Philip tooke diuerse other townes and castels in that countrie of the which some he raced and some he fortified and stored with garisons of his souldiers This doone he passed ouer the riuer of Loir and wan a castell situat néere vnto a promontorie or head of land called Grapelitum which was woont to be a great succour aid to Englishmen arriuing on that coast The occasion why he made wars thus vpon the Britains was as some write for that Guie duke of Britaine who had married the duches Constance and succéeded in the duchie after hir son Arthur without regard to reuenge the death of the same Arthur was ioined in league with king Iohn togither with Sauere de Mauleon line 10 and Almerike de Lusignian lords of great honour power and stoutnesse of stomach King Iohn also in this meane while mooued with the increase of these his new associats and also with desire to reuenge so manie iniuries and losses susteined at the French kings hands preparing an armie of men and a nauie of ships tooke the sea with them and landed at Rochell the ninth of Iulie where he was receiued with great ioy and gladnesse of the line 20 people and no small number of gentlemen and others that inhabited thereabout repaired vnto him offering to aid him to the vttermost of their powers He therefore with assured hope of good spéed departed from thence and wan the towne of Montalban with a great part of all the countrie thereabouts Finallie he entred into Aniou and comming to the citie of Angiers appointed certeine bands of his footmen all hislight horssemen to compasse the towne about whilest he with the residue of the footmen line 30 all the men of armes did go to assault the gates Which enterprise with fire and sword he so manfullie executed that the gates being in a moment broken open the citie was entered and deliuered to the souldiers for a preie So that of the citizens some were taken some killed and the wals of the citie beaten flat to the ground This doone he went abroad into the countrie and put all things that were in his way to the like destruction Then came the people of the countries next adioining of their owne accord to line 40 submit themselues vnto him promising to aid him with men and vittels most plentifullie King Iohn being verie ioyfull of this good successe marched towards Poictou sending out his troops of horssemen to waste the countrie on euerie side In the meane while the French king being hereof aduertised came foorth with his armie readie furnished to resist king Iohn and by the way encountred with the duke of Britaine Sauerie de Mauleon and Almerike de Lusignian which had beene abroad line 50 to spoile the French kings countries But being now ouerset with the kings puissance they were taken and all their companie stripped out of their armour to their great confusion This mishap sore weakened the power and courage of king Iohn But the French king proud of the victorie kept on his iournie and approching néere vnto the place where king Iohn was as then lodged did cause his tents to be pitched downe for the first night and on the morrow after as one desirous of battell brought his line 60 armie into the fields ranged in good order and readie to fight The like did king Iohn so that with stout stomachs and eger minds they stood there in the field readie to trie the matter with dint of sword vpon sound of the warning-blast giuen by the trumpets Howbeit by the mediation of certeine graue personages as well of the spiritualtie as of the temporalâie which were in good estimation with both the princes a communication was appointed which tooke such effect that a truce was taken betwixt them for the terme of two yeares the prisoners on either side being released by waie of exchange and thus the wars ceased for that time Then king Philip returned into France and king Iohn into England where he landed at Portesmouth the 12 of December About this time came one Iohn Ferentino so called peraduenture A ferends a common name to all the whelps of that litter for they neuer came into the land as legats but they would be sure to carrie out with them manie large legacies and vsurped duties a legat from the pope into England and passing through the same as it were in visitation gathered a great summe of monie and finallie at Reading on the morow after saint Lukes day celebrated a councell which being ended he caused his coffers to be packed vp and sent awaie hasting himselfe after to depart the realme and so taking the sea bad England farewell About the same season also pope Innocent confirmed the authoritie and power which the prior and moonks of Canturburie had to elect and choose the archbishop of that see giuing sentence against the suffragans which claimed a right to be ioined with the said prior and moonks in the election as by a letter directed to the same suffragans from the said pope it may more plainelie appeare After this it chanced that king Iohn remembring himselfe of the destruction of the citie of Angiers which bicause he was descended from thence he had before time greatlie loued began now to repent him in that he had destroied it and therefore with all spéed he tooke order to haue it againe repaired which was doone in most beautifull wife to his great cost and expenses which he might haue saued had not his foolish rashnesse driuen him to attempt that whereof vpon sober aduisement afterwards he was ashamed But what will not an ordinarie man doo in the full tide of his furie much more princes great men whose anger is resembled to the roring of a lion euen vpon light occasions oftentimes to satisfie their vnbrideled and brainesicke affections which carrie them with a swift and full streame into such follies and dotages as are vndecent for their
although we haue persecuted the father of this yoong prince for his euill demeanor and worthilie yet this yoong child whome heere line 50 you see before you as he is in years tender so is he pure and innocent from those his fathers dooings Wherefore in so much as euerie man is charged onelie with the burthen of his owne works and transgressions neither shall the child as the scripture teacheth vs beare the iniquitie of his father we ought therefore of dutie and conscience to pardon this yoong and tender prince and take compassion of his age as yee see And now for so much as he is the kings naturall and eldest sonne and must be our souereigne king and successour in this kingdome come and let vs appoint him our king gouernour let vs remooue from vs this Lewes the French kings sonne and suppresse his people which are a confusion and shame to our nation and the yoke of their seruitude let vs cast from off our shoulders When the barons had heard this earles words after some silence and conference had they allowed of his saiengs and immediatlie with one consent proclaimed the yoong gentleman king of England whome the bishops of Winchester and Bath did crowne and annoint with all due solemnities at Glocester vpon the day of the feast of the apostles Simon Iude in presence of the legat Being thus crowned he was committed to the gouernance of his brother in law the foresaid William Marshall earle of Penbroke who to win the good will of the people towards the yoong king sent foorth messengers with letters into all parts of the realme to signifie the newes of the kings coronation with an offer also of pardon to all such of the barons side as would turne to his part and likewise of great rewards to those which hauing hitherto continued faithfull would so remaine vntill this trouble should be ouerpast By this means it came to passe that his freends greatlie reioised at these newes and manie of those which till that time had aided the Frenchmen reuolted from them and in hope of pardon and reward turned to king Henrie It is reported by writers that amongst other things as there were diuerse which withdrew the hearts of the Englishmen from Lewes the consideration of the confession which the vicount of Melune made at the houre of his death was the principall The order whereof in the later end of the life of king Iohn yée haue heard Truelie how little good will inwardlie Lewes and his Frenchmen bare towards the English nation it appéered sundrie waies And first of all in that they had them in a manner in no regard or estimation at all but rather sought by all means to spoile and keepe them vnder not suffering them to beare anie rule nor putting them in trust with the custodie of such places as they had brought them in possession of Secondlie they called them not to councell so often as at the first they vsed to doo neither did they procéed by their directions in their businesse as before they were accustomed Thirdlie in all manner of their conuersation neither Lewes nor his Frenchmen vsed them so familiarlie as at their first comming but as their maner is shewing more loftie countenances toward them they greatlie increased the indignation of the English loâds against them who might euill abide to be so ouer-ruled To conclude where great promises were made at their entring into the land they were slowe inough in performing the same so as the expectation of the line 10 English barons was quite made void for they perceiued dailie that they were despised scoffed at for their disloialtie shewed to their owne naturall prince hearing now and then nips and tawnts openlie by the Frenchmen that as they had shewed themselues false and vntrustie to their owne lawfull king so they would not continue anie long time true vnto a stranger Thus all these things laid togither gaue occasion to the English barons to remember themselues and to take iust occasion to reuolt vnto king line 20 Henrie as before wée haue mentioned But now to the purpose of the historie Ye haue heard how Lewes had spent long time in vaine about the besieging of the castell of Douer for although he plagued them within verie sore yet Hubert de Burgh and Gerard de Sotigam bare themselues so manfullie and therwith so politikelie that their aduersaries could not come to vnderstand their distresse danger within the castell in so much that despairing to win it in anie short time euen before line 30 the death of king Iohn was knowne as some write Lewes was contented to grant a truce to them that kept this castell till the feast of Easter neât insuing but as it appeareth by other this truce was not concluded till after the death of king Iohn was signified to Lewes who greatlie reioising therat supposed now within a short time to bring the whole realme vnder his subiection and therefore raising his siege from Douer in hope to compasse enterprises of greater consequence he came backe vnto line 40 the citie of London When they within the castell of Douer saw the siege remooued they came foorth and burnt such houses and buildings as the Frenchmen had raised before the same castell and comming abroad into the countrie got togither such vittels and other necessarie prouision as might serue for the furnishing of their fortresse for a long season After that Lewes was returned vnto London he remained not long there but with a great armie marched foorth vnto line 50 Hertford where he besieged the castell which was in the keeping of Walter de Godardule seruant in household vnto Fouks de Brent who defended the place from the feast of S. Martine vntill the feast of S. Nicholas and then deliuered it by composition that he and his people might depart with all their goods horsse and armour From thence Lewes went vnto Berkehamstéed and besieged the castell which was valiantlie defended by a Duch capteine named Waleron who with his people behaued himselfe so line 60 manfullie that a great number of Frenchmen and other of them without were left dead in the ditches At an issue also made vpon the side towards the north where the barons lay they spoiled the carriage and trusse of the said barons and tooke therewithall the standard of William Mandeuile Finallie about the â0 day of December they yet yéelded the place vnto Lewes bicause they were no longer able to keepe it their liues goods horsse and armour saued Lewes hauing furnished this castell with a sufficient garrison returned backe towards London and comming to S. Albons constreined the abbat to giue vnto him foure score marks of siluer for a fine ãâã recognisance of dooing his homage till the feast of the purification of our ladie next insuing Which poore abbat was made to beléeue that he ought to take this dealing to be an act of great courtesie the
crate teneri Auxerat articulos macies genuùmque tumebat Orbis immodico prodibant tubere tali c. This yeare after Easter a parlement was holden at London in the which manie weightie matters were intreated of touching the kings causes namelie about the conquest of the realme of Naples the pope hauing sent a messenger named Hurtred for the discharge of monie which the pope had receiued of merchants as it were to the kings vse and entred bonds for the paiment thereof Also whereas the king was sore disquieted for the warre which the Welshmen made against him he asked aduise of the states how he might procéed to seeke his iust reuenge of them who by reason of their good hap were become verie stout and loftie and had of late by the expiring of a truce which had beene accorded betwixt them spoiled and wasted the most part of Penbrokeshire of which iniurie the earle of Penbroke namelie William de Ualence sore complained But whereas the king knowing him to be rich willed him to lay out some great portion of monie towards the maintenance of his wars the erle tooke great displeasure therewith as though the king had made that request by the suggestion and setting on of some of the English lords in somuch that words passed in displeasant sort betwixt him and the earles of Glocester and Leicester so far foorth that the earle of Penbroke called the earle of Leicester traitor who therewith made towards him to haue reuenged the iniurie and so would haue doone indéed if the king had not beene moderator betwixt them Finallie at this parlement the lords told the king that they might not aid him with any great summes of monie except it should redound to their great impouerishment they told him also that he had not doone wiselie to enter into couenants for the purchase of the kingdome of Naples for his sonne without their consents They also declared to him what articles it should be good for him to propone vnto the pope if he would haue him to continue in bearing the charges of the wars against Manfred But when those articles were afterwards presented to the pope he allowed them not so the matter remained without any certeine assurance of the promises which had béene and still were from time to time made to set the king on dotage The archbishop of Yorke had his crosse taken from him by the popes commandement but the archbishop would not yet bow his knée vnto Baall to bestow the benefices of his church vpon aliens and such as were vnworthie persons as it had beene to cast pearles vnto swine ¶ There came from the pope as his Nuncio vnto king Henrie a frier minor named Mansuetus furnished with great power and authoritie in somuch that he tooke vpon him to absolue men for changing their vowes and to iustifie those that were excoÌmunicated persons false periured and such like Wherevpon manie of euill disposition presumed to offend for easinesse to purchase pardon bred boldnesse in manie howbeit the wise séemed to laugh at such dooings The parlement still continued till the sundaie after the Ascension day with hard hold betwixt the king and the lords who laid it fore to his charge that he had not performed the promises which he made touching the obseruing of the liberties conteined in the great charter They also complained greatlie of his misgouernance in that he so much aduanced the Poictouins and other strangers to the impouerishment of himselfe and the whole realme and further mainteined them so far foorth that they were readie to offer wrong vnto other vpon presumption of his fauour and bearing with them he hauing by commandement restreined that no processe should passe line 10 out of the chancerie against certeine of them that were his coosins as the earle of Penbroke and others Finallie when the lords were in doubt which way to worke for their owne safeties they caused the parlement to be proroged till the feast of saint Barnabe then to begin againe at Oxford In the meane time the lords of the realme as the earles of Glocester Leicester Hereford and Northfolke with other did confederate themselues togither bicause they stood in feare to be intrapped by the kings subtill sleights line 20 and by the craftie wiles of those strangers whom he retained against them In the same yeare by the wind which continuallie certeine months togither kept northerlie the flours with other growing things were so hindered that scarselie they appeared to anie purpose till the most part of Iune was past wherevpon the hope of receiuing the fruits of the earth was quite taken away so vpon the great dearth that happened a sore death and mortalitie followed for want of necessarie food line 30 to susteine the pining bodies of the poore people They died so thicke that there were great pits made in churchyards to laie the dead bodies in one vpon an other About the feast of the Ascension Seuall the archbishop of Yorke departed this life who constantlie had resisted the tyrannie of the court of Rome in defense of his church suffering in this world manie greeuous tribulations but now was remooued from thense vnto the kingdome of heauen to be crowned with line 40 the elect for his good deseruings as was then certenlie beleeued About this time a great number of Poictouins were come into England by reason of their aliance and coosinage to the king the which by the kings fauour being highlie aduanced began to war proud thereof and to require to be restored vnto such lands and liuings as before time they had possessed namelie the kings halfe brethren Athelmare or Odomare that was a préest with William Geffrey and Guie these were the sonnes of Hugh le Brun line 50 earle of Marsh by his wife queene Isabell the mother of king Henrie and being come into England they shewed themselues verie loftie high-minded partlie bicause of their coosinage to the king partlie by reason of his courteous interteining of them insomuch that forgetting themselues they began to despise vpon a presumptuous pride the English nobilitie looking still for preferment of honor aboue all other And suerlie Odomare obteined at the first a great peece of his purpose being made by the kings line 60 gift bishop of Winchester and by that means bare a stout port and greatlie holpe and mainteined his other brethren The English barons not well able to suffer such presumption in strangers who seemed to haue them in derision complained to the king in so much that at length as well for a reformation hereof as in other things a parlement was called as before you haue heard first at London and after reiorned to Oxenford there to be assembled about the feast of saint Barnabe in the moneth of Iune This of some writers is named Insanum parliamentum that is to say The mad parlement for at this parlement to the
Winglesdon moore néere vnto Darington leading the bishop to Morpath and his brother the lord Beaumont vnto the castell of Mitford and so deteined them as prisoners till they had redéemed their libertie with great sums of monie Herewith the said sir Gilbert being aduanced line 60 in pride proclaimed himselfe duke of Northumberland and ioining in fréendship with Robert Bruce the Scotish king cruellie destroied the countie of Richmond Wiââ such traitorouâ parts Willâam Felton and Thomas Heton being not a little stirred first wan by force the castell of Mââford and after apprehended sir Gilbert Middleton with his companion Walter Selbie and sent them vp to London where shortlie after they were drawne hanged and quartered Some write that the said sir Gilbert was put to death for robbing two cardinals to wit Gaucellino the popes chancellour and Lucas de Flisco that were sent from pope Iohn the two and twentith to consecrate the foresaid Lewes Beaumont bishop of Durham and to intreat a peace betwixt the realms of England and Scotland and also to make an agréement betwixt the king and the earle of Lancaster The which being met with vpon Winglesdon moore in Yorkeshire by the said Gilbert were robbed of such stuffe treasure as they brought with them but yet escaped themselues and came to Durham and from thence sent messengers to Robert Bruce to persuade him to some agreement But whereas he would not condescend to any reasonable conditions of peace at that time they determined to go into Scotland to talke with him themselues but before they came to the borders king Robert who iudged it not to stand with his profit to haue any peace in that season sent certeine of his people to forbid the cardinals the entrie of his realme The cardinals being thus iniuriouslie handled pronounced the Scots by their legantine power accursed and interdicted their whole realme And bicause they saw nothing lesse than any hope to doo good with king Robert touching any composition or agreement to be had they returned againe to the pope without any conclusion of that for the which they were sent After that Edward Bruce had atchiued such enterprises in other parts of Ireland as in the last yéere yee haue heard he went vnto Fenath and to Skeres in Leinister and there the lord cheefe iustice Edmund Butler rose against him with the lord Iohn fitz Thomas that was after erle of Kildare sir Arnold Power and diuerse other with a great armie But by reason of discord that chanced amongst them they scaled their armie and departed out of the field on the 26 daie of Februarie Edward Bruce then burned the castell of Leis and after returning into Ulnester he besieged the castell of Knockfergus and slue Thomas Mandeuile and his brother Iohn at a place called Down as they came thither out of England After this the foresaid Edward returned into Scotland In this season vittels were so scant and déere and wheat and other graine brought to so high a price that the poore people were constreined thorough famine to eat the flesh of horsses dogs and other vile beasts which is woonderfull to beléeue and yet for default there died a great multitude of people in diuers places of the land Foure pence in bread of the courser sort would not suffice one man a daie Wheat was sold at London for foure marks the quarter and aboue Then after this dearth and scarsitie of vittels insued a great death and mortalitie of people so that what by warre of the Scots and what by this mortalitie and death the people of the land were woonderfullie wasted and consumed O pitifull depopulation Edward Bruce before the feast of Easter returned againe into Ireland with the earle of Murrey and other noble men of Scotland hauing with them a great armie and besieged the castell of Knockfergus and after they went to another castell where they tooke a baron prisoner there Edward Bruce laie for a season Also Richard earle of Ulnester lay in saint Maries abbie by Dublin where the maior and communaltie of the citie tooke him and put him in prison within the castell of Dublin They also slue his men and spoiled the abbie After this the foresaid Edward Bruce went to Limerike after the feast of saint Matthew the apostle and there soiourned till Easter was past In the meane while Roger de Mortimer the kings deputie arriued at Waterford with a great armie by reason wherof Edward le Bruce for feare departed and got him into the vttermost parts of Ulnester and Iohn fitz Thomas was made earle of Kildare Also Occoner of Conneigh and manie other Irishmen of Cornagh and Meth were slaine néere to Aurie by the Englishmen of those parts There was a great slaughter also made of the Irishmen néere vnto Thistildermote by the lord Edmund Butler and an other also at Baliteham of Omorth by the same Edmund The lord deputie deliuered the earle of Ulnester out of prison and after Whitsuntide banished out of Meth sir Walter Lacie and sir Hugh Lacie giuing their lands awaie from them vnto his line 10 knights and they went ouer into Scotland with Edward Bruce who returned thither about that time The death still increased as by some writers it should appeare In the eleuenth yeare of king Edward the second his reigne vpon the saturdaie night before Midlent sundaie year 1318 the towne of Berwike was betraied to the Scots through the treason of Peter Spalding The castell held good tacke a while till for want of vittels they within were constreined to deliuer it into the Scotishmens hands who wan also the same time the line 20 castell of Harbotell Werke and Medford so that they possessed the more part of all Northumberland euen vnto Newcastell vpon Tine sauing that certeine other castels were defended against them In Maie they entred with an armie further into the land burning all the countrie before them till they came to Ripon which towne they spoiled and tarieng there thrée daies they receiued a thousand marks of those that were got into the church and defended it against them for that they should spare the towne and line 30 not put it to the fire as they had alreadie doone the townes of Northalerton and Bourghbridge as they came forwards In their going backe they burnt Knaresbourgh and Skipton in Crauen which they had first sacked and so passing through the middest of the countrie burning and spoiling all before them they returned into Scotland with a maruellous great multitude of cattell beside prisoners men and women and no small number of poore people which they tooke with them to helpe to driue the cattell line 40 In the 12 yeare of Edward the seconds reigne in August the king and the earle of Lancaster came to talke togither in a plaine beside Leicester where they were made freends to the outward shew so that in the yeare
whereby any hurt might insue either to the king or to the realme ¶ Thus haue we thought good to shew the cause of this earles death as by some writers it hath béene registred although there be that write that the ouerthrow at Beighland chanced through his fault by misleading a great part of the kings host and that therefore the king being offended with him caused him to be put to death albeit as I thinke no such matter was alleged against him at the time of his arreignement About this season was the foundation begun of S. Michaels colledge in Cambridge by one sir Henrie Stanton knight chancellour of the excheker About the feast of the Ascension there came as commissioners from the king of England vnto Newcastell Aimerie earle of Penbroke and the lord chamberlaine Hugh Spenser the yoonger and other foure personages of good accompt And from the king of Scots there came the bishop of saint Andrews Thomas Randulfe earle of Murrey and other foure of good credit to treat of peace or at the leastwise of some long truce and through the good will and pleasure of God the author of all peace and quietnesse they concluded vpon a truce to indure for thirteene yeares and so about the feast of saint Barnabe the apostle it was proclaimed in both realmes but yet so that they might not traffike togither bicause of the excommunication wherewith the Scots were as yet intangled although as some write about the same time the interdict wherein the realme of Scotland stood bound was by pope Iohn released The French K. being latelie come to the crowne sent certeine ambassadors vnto king Edward to wit the lord Beouille and one Andreas de Florentia a notarie to giue summons vnto him from the French king to come and doo homage for the lands which he held in France as for the duchie of Aquitaine and the countie of Pontieu And though the lord chamberleine Hugh Spenser the sonne and the lord chancellour Robert Baldocke did what they could to procure these ambassadors not to declare the cause of their comming to the king yet when they should depart they admonished the king to come and doo his homage vnto the French king and vpon this admonition the said Andreas framed a publike instrument by vertue whereof the French king made processe against the king of England and âeized into his hands diuerse townes and castels in Aquitaine alledging that he did it for the contumacie shewed by the king of England in refusing to come to doo his homage being lawfullie summoned although the king was throughlie informed that the summons was neither lawfull nor touched him anie thing at all About the same time the lord Roger Mortimer of Wigmor giuing his kéepers a drinke that brought them into a sound and heauie sléepe escaped out of the tower of London where he was prisoner This escape of the lord Mortimer greatlie troubled the king so that immediatlie vpon the first news he wrote to all the shiriffes of the realme that if he chanced to come within their roomes they should cause hue and crie to be raised so as he might be staied and arrested but he made such shift that he got ouer into France where he was receiued by a lord of Picardie named monsier Iohn de Fieules who had faire lands in England and therefore the king wrote to him reprouing him of vnthankfulnesse considering he had beene euer readie to pleasure him and to aduance his profits and commodities and yet notwithstanding he did succour the said lord Mortimer and other rebels that were fled out of his realme In Lent this yeare a parlement was holden at London in the which diuerse things were intreated amongst other the cheefest was to determine for the sending of some honorable ambassage to the French king to excuse the king for not comming to him to doo his homage according to the pretended summons line 10 ¶ In the same parlement Adam bishop of Hereford was arrested and examined vpon points of treason for aiding succouring and mainteining the Mortimers and other of the rebels This bishop was reckoned to be wise subtill and learned but otherwise wilfull presumptuous and giuen to mainteine factions At the first he disdeined to make anie answer at all and finallie when he was in manner forced thereto he flatlie told the king that he might not make any answere to such matters as he was charged with except by the licence and consent of his line 20 metropolitane the archbishop of Canturburie and other his péeres Héerevpon the said archbishop and other bishops made such sute that he was committed to the kéeping of the said archbishop with him to remaine till the king had taken order for his further answer Within few daies after when the king called him againe before his presence to make answere to the matters laid against him the archbishops of Canturburie line 30 Yorke Dublin and ten other bishops came with their crosses afore them and vnder a colour of the priuilege and liberties of the church tooke him awaie before he had made anie answere forbidding all men on paine of excommunication to laie anie hands vpon him The king greatlie offended with this bold procéeding of the prelats caused yet an inquest to be impauelled to inquire of the bishop of Herefords treasons and vpon the finding of him giltie he seized into his hands all the temporalties line 40 that belonged to his bishoprike and spoiled his manours and houses most violentlie in reuenge of his disloiall dealings Moreouer in this parlement the lands and possessions that belonged sometime to the Templers and had beene deliuered vnto the knights Hospitalers otherwise called knights of the Rodes by the king in the seauenth yeare of his reigne according to the decrée of the councell of Uienna were by authoritie of this parlement assured vnto the said knights to enioy line 50 to them and their successors for euer Also it was concluded that the earle of Kent and the archbishop of Dubline should go ouer as ambassadours into France to excuse the king for his not comming in person to the French king to doo his homage for the lands he held in France Moreouer in the same parlement the king granted that all the dead bodies of his enimies and rebels that had suffered and hanged still on the gallowes should be taken downe and buried in the churchyards next to the places where line 60 the same bodies were hanging and not elsewhere by such as would take paine to burie them as by his writs directed vnto the shiriffes of London and of the counties of Middlesex Kent Glocester Yorke and Buckingham it appeared And not onelie this libertie was granted at that time for the taking down of those bodies but as some write it was decréed by authoritie in the same parlement that the bodies of all those that from thenceforth should be hanged
Chierburg brought not so much ioy to the English nation as the mishap that happened at the going foorth of the said earles did cause lamenâation and heauinesse For vpon the first entring into the sea it fortuned that sir Philip and sir Peter Couetenie discouered a line 30 certeine number of ships that were enimies and vndiscréetlie entered amongst them there suddenlie came vpon them the Spanish fléet so that the English ships that were in companie with the said Philip and sir Peter were not able to make their partie good in somuch that finallie after that sir Philip had lost diuerse of his men that were there slaine he goâ awaie by flight himselfe though gréeuouslie wounded but sir Peter was taken prisoner with a few other line 40 knights that were with him and the most part of all the valiant esquiers of Summer seâshire Deuonshire being there abroad with him were slaine and drowned which was estéemed no small losse to the whole common-wealth Thus were the Englishmen occupied in this first yeare of king Richard with troubles of warre and not onelie against the Frenchmen but also against the Scots For euen in the beginning of the same yeare the Scots burnt Rokesburgh in reuenge line 50 whereof the new earle of Northumberland entered Scotland with ten thousand men and sore spoiled the lands of the earle of March for the space of thrée daies togither bicause the said earle of March was the chéefe author and procurer of the burning of Rokesburgh so for that time th' Englishmen were well reuenged of those enimies But at an other time when the Northerne men would néeds make a road into Scotland entring by the west borders they were incountered by the Scots and put to flight so that line 60 manie of them being slaine the Scots tooke the more courage to inuade the borders till at length Edmund Mortimer earle of March came at the daie of truce and tooke an abstinence of warre betwixt both nations for the time though the same continued not long Anon after Midsummer the duke of Lancaster with a strong power tooke the sea and landing in Britaine besieged the towne of saint Mallo de Lisle a fortresse of great importance There went ouer with him the earles of Buckingham Warwike Stafford and diuerse other of the English nobilitie the which made their approches and fiercelie assailed the towne but it was so valiantlie defended that in the end the duke with his armie raised from thence and returned without atchiuing his purpose ¶ About the same time there was a notable and hainous murther committed within saint Peters church at Westminster by occasion of variance betwéene the lord Latimer and sir Rafe Ferters on the one partie and two esquiers the one called Robert Hall and the other Iohn Shakell on the other partie about a prisoner which was taken at the battell of Nazers in Spaine called the earle of Deane who as some write was taken by one sir Franke de Hall at the said battell and bicause he remained in his hands at the death of the said sir Franke he bequeathed him vnto his sonne the said Robert Hall esquier But as other write the said earle was taken by the said Robert Hall himselfe Iohn Shakell iointlie and iudged to be their lawfull prisoner by the sentence of the prince of Wales and sir Iohn Chandois that was master to the said esquiers Wherevpon afterwards the said earle obteined so much fauor that by leauing his sonne and heire in gage for his ransome he returned into Spaine to prouide monie to discharge it but he was so slow in that matter after he was at libertie that he departed this life before he made any paiment and so his lands fell to his sonne that remained in gage for the monie with the two esquiers Wherevpon it happened afterwards that the duke of Lancaster desirous to haue the yoong earle in his hands in hope through his meanes the better to accomplish his enterprise which he meant to take in hand against the king of Castile for the right of that kingdome procured his nephue king Richard to require the said earle of Deane at the hands of the said esquiers But they refused to deliuer him keeping their prisoner foorth of the waie so that none wist were he was become the esquiers therefore were committed to the tower out of the which they escaped vnto Westminster and there registred themselues for sanctuarie men The duke of Lancaster was herewith sore offended and their enimies the said lord Latimer and sir Rafe Ferrers tooke counsell togither with sir Alane Boxhull and others how they might be reuenged of this despite This sir Alane Boxhull was constable of the tower and therefore it greeued him not a little that the esquiers had broken from him and kept themselues thus at Westminster vnder protection of that priuileged place Herevpon it was concluded that sir Rafe Ferrers and the said Alane Boxhull taking with them certeine men in armour to the number of fiftie persons should go and fetch them by force from Westminster vnto the tower againe The morrow therefore after saint Laurence daie being the eleuenth of August these two knights accompanied with certeine of the kings seruants and other to the number afore mentioned came into the church at Westminster whilest the said esquiers were there hearing of high masse which was then in celebrating and first laieng hands vpon Iohn Shakell vsed the matter so with him that they drew him foorth of the church and led him streight to the tower But when they came to Robert Hall and fell in reasoning with him he would not suffer them to come within his reach and perceiuing they meant to take him by force he drew out a falcheon or short sword which he had girt to him and therewith laid so fréelie about him trauersing twise round about the moonks quier that till they had beset him on ech side they could doo him no hurt Howbeit at length when they had got him at that aduantage one of them cloue his head to the verie braines and an other thrust him through the bodie behind with a sword and so they murthered him among them They slue also one of the moonkes that would haue had them to haue saued the esquiers life Much adoo was about this matter for the breaking thus of the sanctuarie in somuch that the archbishop of Canturburie and fiue other bishops his suffâagans openlie pronounced all them that were present at this murder accurssed and likewise all such as aided or counselled them to it cheeflie and namelie sir Alane Boxhull and sir Rafe Ferrers capteins and leaders of them The king the queene and the duke of Lancaster line 10 were yet excepted by speciall names The bishop of London a long time after euerie sundaie Wednesdaie and fridaie pronounced this excommunication in the church of S. Paule at London The duke of Lancaster though excepted in the same yet
was forsaken tooke great displeasure herewith But sith the king allowed of all the duke of Irelands dooings the duke of Glocester dissembled such iniuries doone to his neece for the time till opportunitie might serue to reuenge the same The duke of Ireland vnderstood all these things and therefore was the more circumspect for his owne safetie and studied how by some meanes he might dispatch the duke of Glocester out of the waie as the line 20 man whom he most feared least his life should be his destruction by one means or other Easter was now past the time as ye haue heard appointed before the which the duke of Ireland should haue transported ouer into Ireland yet was he not set forward But least somewhat might be thought in the matter and for feare of some stir to be raised by the lords of the realme that wished him gone according to the order prescribed at the last parlement the king as it were to bring him to the water side went with him into line 30 Wales where being out of the waie they might deuise how to dispatch the duke of Glocester the earles of Arundell Warwike Derbie and Notingham with others of that faction There were with the king beside the duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice and diuers other which doubtfull of their owne safegards did what they could as writers report to mooue the king forward to the destruction of those noblemen After the king had remained in those parties a good line 40 while he returned and brought the duke of Ireland backe with him againe so that it seemed his voiage into Ireland was now quite forgotten About the same time Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice of England came to Couentrie and indicted there two thousand persons The king and the quéene came to Grobie and thither came by his commandement the iustices of the realme There were also with him at the same time Alexander archb of Yorke Robert Ueere duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole line 50 earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian his fellowes of whom it was demanded if by the lawes of the realme the king might reuoke the ordinances made in the last parlement to the which he had giuen his consent in manner by constraint and they made answer that he might Then were the iustices commanded to come vnto Notingham where the king appointed to meet them and thither he came according to his appointment and held a solemne councell in the castell of Notingham the morrow after S. Bartholomews line 60 day In this councell were the aforesaid archbishop of Yorke the duke of Ireland the earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian iustice Robert Bramble iustice and sundrie other all which iustices were commanded to set their hands vnto the question vnder written that by meanes thereof those persons that were about the king thought they might haue good occasion to put the duke of Glocester and other lords that were his complices vnto death which in the last parlement were ordeined to haue the gouernance of the realme and all such as were consenting to the same Diuerse of the iustices refused to subscribe but yet they were consâreined to doo as the rest did among the which was Iohn Belknap who vtterlie refused till the duke of Ireland and the earle of Suffolke compelled him thereto for if he had persisted in the refusall he had not escaped their hands and yet when he had set to his seale he burst out into these words Now said he here lacketh nothing but a rope that I might receiue a reward worthie for my desert and I know if I had not doone this I might not haue escaped your hands so that for your pleasures and the kings I haue doone it and deserued thereby death at the hands of the lords Which indéed shortlie followed for in the next parlement he was condemned and executed All this remained in record An act of councell touching this matter in manner as followeth MEmorandum that on the fiue and twentith day of August in the 11 yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second at the castell of Notingham aforesaid Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice of England Robert Belknap lord chiefe iustice of the coÌmon plees Iohn Holt Roger Fulthorpe William Borough knights and associats of the said Robert Belknap and Iohn Lockton one of the kings sergeants at the law being personalie required in presence of the lords and other witnesses vnder written by our said souereigne lord the king in that faith and allegiance in which to him they were bounden that they should trulie answer to certeine questions vnderwritten and vpon the same by their discretions to saie the law 1 First it was asked of them whether the new statute ordinance and commission made in the last parlement held at Westminster be hurtfull to the kings prerogatiue Wherevnto all of one mind answered that they were hurtfull and speciallie bicause they be against the kings will 2 Item it was inquired of them how they ought to be punished that procured the said statute ordinance and commission to be made Wherevnto with one assent they answered that they deserued death except the king of his grace would pardon them 3 Item it was inquired how they ought to be punished which moued the king to consent to the making of the said statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they answered that vnlesse the king would giue them his pardon they ought to lose their liues 4 Item it was inquired of them what punishment they deserued that compelled the king to the making of that statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they gaue answer that they ought to suffer as traitors 5 Item it was demanded of them how they ought to be punished that interrupted the king so that he might not exercise those things that apperteined to his regalitie and prerogatiue Wherevnto answer was made that they ought to be punished as traitors 6 Item it was inquired of them whether that after the affaires of the realme and the cause of the calling togither of the states of the parlement were once by the kings commandement declared and opened and other articles on the kings behalfe limited vpon which the lords and commons of the realme ought to intreat and proceed if the lords neuertheles would line 10 proceed vpon other articles and not meddle with those articles which the king had limited till time the king had answered the articles proponed by them notwithstanding the king inioined them to the contrarie whether in this case the king might rule the parlement and cause them to proceed vpon the articles by him limited before they proceeded any further To line 20 which question it was answered that the king should haue in this part the rule for order of all such articles to be prosecuted vntill the end of the parlement And if any presumed to go contrarie to
well affected towards some good conclusion by treatie to be had of a full and perfect peace About the same time by the king with the aduise of his councell proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed men abiding in the court of Rome being Englishmen borne should returne home into England before the feast of S. Nicholas vnder paine to forfeit all their benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise limited The Englishmen hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blow left the popes court and returned into their natiue soile The pope troubled with such a rumbling noise sent in all hast as abbat as his nuncio vnto the king of England as well to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised and made latelie in parlement against those that prouided themselues of benefices in the court of Rome by the popes buls which séemed not a little preiudiciall to the church of Rome in consideration whereof the said nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed and abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of the church liberties but if the same statutes were not abolished the pope might not said his nuncio with a safe conââience otherwise doo than procéed against them that made those statutes in such order as the canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certeine dangerous practises betwixt the antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the French kings brother king of Tuscane and Lombardie and to establish the duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicile Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstand that if the French king might compasse by the antipapes meanes to be chosen emperour he would séeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stood the line 10 king of England chieflie in hand to prouide against such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenchmen séemed so much to fauour it was to none other end but that vpon agreement once had they might more conuenientlie compasse their purpose in the premisses Furthermore the nuncio earnestlie besought the king of aid in the popes behalfe against the French king if as he threatned to doo he should inuade him in Italie with open force The king séemed to giue fauourable eare vnto line 20 the nuncio and after aduise taken appointed to staie till after Michaelmasse at what time a parlement was appointed to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed should be weied and considered and some conclusion taken therein About this time or in the yeare 1391 according to Henrie Knightons account there was a prophane statute made against the church churchmen namelie that no ecclesiasticall person or persons should possesse manors glebeland houses possessions lands line 30 reuenues or rents whatsoeuer at the hands of the feoffer without the kings licence the chiefe lords And this statute extended it selfe as well to parish-churches chappels chanteries as abbeies priories other monasteries whatsoeuer likewise to citizens of cities to farmers burgesses hauing such rents or possessions for the common profit For men in those daies that would bestow land or liuelod vpon church fraternitie or conuent and were notable for cost and charges to procure a mortmane vnder the line 40 kings licence and chiefe lords were woont to feoffe some speciall men in whom they had confidence and trust vnder whose name and title churchmen or anie other fraternitie or conuent might inioy the profit of the gift and might haue the commoditie thereof in possession And it was prouided by that statute that all and euerie as well persons ecclesiasticall as parishioners both citizens burgesses and farmers or anie other whatsoeuer hauing such rents possessions manors or anie reuenues whatsoeuer in the hands line 50 of such feoffers without the licence of the king and chiefe lords that either they should obteine and get a licence of the king and the chiefe lords to make it a mortmaine or else set such things to sale raise profit of them on this side or before the feast of Michaelmasse next insuing or the said feast being past and expired that then the king and the chiefe lords in things not ordered and disposed accordinglie may enter and seize vpon the same and them haue and hold at his and their pleasure line 60 About the same time the duke of Glocester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account of his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishap to follow to the common wealth by his absence whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments that might chance for in him the hope of the commons onelie rested In his returne home he was sore tormented with rough weather and tempestuous seas At length he arriued in Northumberland and came to the castell of Tinmouth as to a sanctuarie knowen to him of old where after he had refreshed him certeine daies he tooke his iournie homewards to Plaschie in Essex bringing no small ioy for his safe returne to all the kingdome ¶ On the ninth of Iulie the sunne séemed darkened with certeine grosse and euill fauored clouds comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwards conâânualliâ for the space of six weeks about the middest of the daie clouds customablie rose and sometimes they continued both daie and night not vanishing awaie at all ¶ At the same time such a mortalitie and death of people increased in Northfolke and in manie other countries of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence In the citie of Yorke there died eleuen thousand within a short space ¶ Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland lieutenant of Calis was called home from that charge and created warden of the marches against Scotland and Robert Mowbraie was sent to Calis to be the kings lieutenant there On friday next after All soules day the parlement began at London in which the knights would in no wise agrée that the statute made against spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the court of Rome should be repealed but yet they agréed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings licence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next parlement ¶ In this parlement aforsaid there was granted vnto our lord the king one tenth of the clergie and one fiftéenth of the people towards the expenses of Iohn duke of Lancaster who in Lent next following went ouer into France to the citie of Amiens for a finall peace betweene the kingdoms of England and France where the king of France met him with a shew of great pompe and honor sending before him first of all to welcome him thither the citizens of
such summes of monie as our progenitors lenâ vnto him and to his ancestors vpon gage of the said towne of Brest for the which reason and conscience will no lesse but that the towne should therevpon be to him restored Upon this multiplieng of woords in such presumptuous maner by the duke against the king there kindeled such displeasure betwixt line 10 them that it neuer ceassed to increase into flames till the duke was brought to his end The earle of saint Paule at his last comming into England to receiue king Richards oth for obseruing the truce had conference with the king of diuerse matters The king by waie of complaint shewed vnto him how stiffe the duke of Glocester was in hindering all such matters as he would haue go forward not onlie séeking to haue the peace broken betwixt the realmes of England France but also line 20 procuring trouble at home by stirring the people to rebellion The earle of saint Paule hearing of this stout demeanor of the duke told the king that it should be best to prouide in time against such mischéefs as might insue thereof and that it was not to be suffered that a subiect should behaue himselfe in such sort toward his prince The king marking his woords thought that he gaue him good and faithfull counsell and therevpon determined to suppresse both the duke and other of his complices and tooke more line 30 diligent regard to the saiengs dooings of the duke than before he had doone And as it commeth to passe that those which suspect anie euill doo euer déeme the woorst so he tooke euerie thing in euill part insomuch that he complained of the duke vnto his brethren the dukes of Lancaster and Yorke in that he should stand against him in all things and seeke his destruction the death of his counsellors and ouerthrow of his realme The two dukes of Lancaster and Yorke to deliuer line 40 the kings mind of suspicion made answer that they were not ignorant how their brother of Glocester as a man sometime rash in woords would speake oftentimes more than he could or would bring to effect and the same proceeded of a faithfull hart which he bare towards the king for that it grieued him to vnderstand that the confines of the English dominions should in anie wise be diminished therefore his grace ought not to regard his woords sith he should take no hurt thereby These persuasions quieted line 50 the king for a time till he was informed of the practise which the duke of Glocester had contriued as the fame went amongst diuerse persons to imprison the king For then the duke of Lancaster and Yorke first reprouing the duke of Glocester for his too liberall talking vttering vnaduisedlie woords that became not his person and which to haue concealed had tended more to the opinion of vertue than to lash out whatsoeuer his vnstaied mind affoorded which is a great fault as in effect the poet noteth line 60 Eximia est virtus praestare silentia rebuâ At contra grauis est culpa tacenda loqus and perceuing that he set nothing by their woords were in doubt least if they should remaine in the court still he would vpon a presumptuous mind in trust to be borne out by them attempt some outragious enterprise Wherefore they thought best to depart for a time into their countries that by their absence he might the sooner learne to staie himselfe for doubt of further displeasure But it came to passe that their departing from the court was the casting awaie of the duke of Glocester For after that they were gone there ceassed not such as bare him euill will to procure the K. to dispatch him out of the way The duke in déed sore stomached the matter that his counsell might not be followed in all things and speciallie for that he saw as he tooke it that the king was misled by some persons that were about him otherwise than stood with his honor for reformation whereof he conferred with the abbat of saint Albons and the prior of Westminster The abbat was both his câoâine and godfather and hauing on a daie both the duke and the prior at his house in saint Albons after dinner he âell in talke with the duke and prior and amongst other communication reqââred of the prior to tell truth whether he had anie vision the night before or not The prior séemed with to make a direct answer but at length being earnestlie requested as well by the abbât as the duke he declared that he had a vision in déed which was that the realme of England should be destroied through the misgouernement of king Richard By the virgine Marie said the abbat I had the verie same vision The duke herevpon disclosed vnto them all the secrets of his mind and by their deuises presentlie contriued an assemblie of diuerse great lords of the realme at Arundell castell that daie for might at what time he himselfe appointed to be there with the earles of Derbie Arundell Marshall and Warwike also the archbishop of Canturburie the abbat of saint Albens the prior of Westminster with diuerse others These estates being come to Arundell castell at the daie appointed about the verie beginning of the one and twentith yeare of king Richards reigne they sware âch to other to be assistant in all such matters as they should determine and therewith receiued the sacrament at the hands of the archbishop of Canturburie who celebrated masse before them the morow after Which doone they withdrew into a chamber and fell in counsell togither where in the end they light vpon this point to take king Richard the dukes of Lancaster Yorke and commit them to prison and all the other lords of the kings councell they determined shuld be drawne and hanged Such was their purpose which they ment to haue accomplished in August following But the earle marshall that was lord deputie of Calis and had married the earle of Arundels daughter discouered all their counsell to the king and the verie daie in which they should begin their enterprise The king bad the earle marshall take héed what h ehad said for if it proued not true he should repent it but the earle constantlie herevnto answered that if the matter might be proued otherwise he was contented to be drawne and quartered The king herevpon went to London where he dined at the house of his brother the earle of Huntington in the stréet behind All hallowes church vpon the banke of the riuer of Thames which was a right faire and statelie house After dinner he gaue his councell to vnderstand all the matter by whose aduise it was agreed that the king should assemble foorthwith what power he might conuenientite make of men of armes archers and streightwaies take horsse accompanied with his brother the earle of Huntington the earle marshall Herevpon at six of the clocke in the afternoone the
and yet the lord Scroope that was lord chamberleine had allowed for the earles diet foure thousand nobles yéerelie paid out of the kings coffers On the mondaie next after the arreignement of the earle of Warwike to wit the foure and twentie of September was the lord Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheinie arreigned and found guiltie of like treasons for which the other had beene condemned before but at the earnest instance and sute of the nobles they were pardoned of life and banished or as Fabian saith condemned to perpetuall prison ¶ The king desirous to see the force of the Londoners caused them during the time of this parlement to muster before him on Blacke heath where a man might haue seene a great number of able personages And now after that the parlement had continued almost till Christmasse it was adiourned vntil the quinden of S. Hilarie then to begin againe at Shrewesburie The king then came downe to Lichfield and there held a roiall Christmasse which being ended he tooke his iournie towards Shrewesburie where the parlement was appointed to begin in the quinden of saint Hilarie as before yée haue heard year 1398 In which parlement there holden vpon prorogation for the loue that the king bare to the gentlemen and commons of the shire of Chester he caused it to be ordeined that from thencefoorth it should be called and knowne by the name of the principalitie of Chester and herewith he intituled himselfe prince of Chester He held also a roiall feast kéeping open houshold for all honest commers during the which feast he created fiue dukes and a duchesse a marquesse and foure earles The earle of Derbie was created duke of Hereford the earle of Notingham that was also earle marshall duke of Norfolke the earle of Rutland duke of Aubemarle the earle of Kent duke of Surrie and the earle of Huntington duke of Excester the ladie Margaret marshall countesse of Norfolke was created duchesse of Norfolke the earle of Summerset marques Dorset the lord Spenser earle of Glocester the lord Neuill surnamed Daurabie earle of Westmerland the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine earle of Wiltshire and the lord Thomas Persie lord steward of the kings house earle of Worcester And for the better maintenance of the estate of these noble men whome he had thus aduanced to higher degrees of honour he gaue vnto them a great part of those lands that belonged to the duke of Glocester the earles of Warwike and Arundell And now he was in good hope that he had rooted vp all plants of treason and therefore cared lesse who might be his freend or his fo than before he had doone estéeming himselfe higher in degrée than anie prince liuing and so presumed further than euer his grandfather did and tooke vpon him to beare the armes of saint Edward ioining them vnto his owne armes To conclude what soeuer he then did none durst speake a word contrarie therevnto And yet such as were cheefe of his councell were estéemed of the commons to be the woorst creatures that might be as the dukes of Aumarle Norfolke and Excester the earle of Wiltshire sir Iohn Bushie sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Gréene which thrée last remembred were knights of the Bath against whom the commons vndoubtedlie bare great and priuie hatred But now to proceed In this parlement holden at Shrewsburie the lord Reginald Cobham being a verie aged man simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the eleuenth yéere of the kings reigne he was line 10 appointed with other to be attendant about the king as one of his gouernours The acts and ordinances also deuised and established in the parlement holden in the eleuenth yeare were likewise repealed Moreouer in this parlement at Shrewesburie it was decréed that the lord Iohn Cobham should be sent into the I le of Gernesie there to remaine in exile hauing a small portion assigned him to liue vpon The king so wrought brought things about that he obteined the whole power of both houses to be granted to certeine line 20 persons as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmund duke of Yorke Edmund duke of Aumarle Thomas duke of Surrie Iohn duke of Excester Iohn marquesse Dorset Roger earle of March Iohn earle of Salisburie and Henrie earle of Northumberland Thomas earle of Glocester and William earle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussie Henrie Cheimeswike Robert Teie and Iohn Goulofer knights or to seauen or eight of them These were appointed to heare and determine certeine petitions and matters line 30 yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this grant they procéeded to conclude vpon other things which generallie touched the knowledge of the whole parlement in derogation of the states therof to the disaduantage of the king and perillous example in time to come When the king had spent much monie in time of this parlement he demanded a disme and a halfe of the clergie and a fiftéenth of the temporaltie Finallie line 40 a generall pardon was granted for all offenses to all the kings subiects fiftie onelie excepted whose names he would not by anie meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when anie of the nobilitie offended him he might at his plesure name him to be one of the number excepted and so kéepe them still within his danger To the end that the ordinances iudgements and acts made pronounced and established in this parlement might be and abide in perpetuall strength and force the king line 50 purchased the popes buls in which were conteined greeuous censures and cursses pronounced against all such as did by anie means go about to breake and violate the statutes in the same parlement ordeined These buls were openlie published read at Paules crosse in London and in other the most publike places of the realme Manie other things were doone in this parlement to the displeasure of no small number of people namelie for that diuerse rightfull heires were disherited line 60 of their lands and liuings by authoritie of the same parlement with which wrongfull dooings the people were much offended so that the king and those that were about him and chéefe in councell came into great infamie and slander In déed the king after he had dispatched the duke of Glocester and the other noblemen was not a little glad for that he knew them still readie to disappoint him in all his purposes and therefore being now as it were carelesse did not behaue himselfe as some haue written in such discréet order as manie wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot himselfe and began to rule by will more than by reason threatning death to each one that obâied not his inordinate desires By means whereof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a man
his eldest daughter Blanch accoÌpanied with the earle of Summerset the bishop of Worcester the lord Clifford and others into Almanie which brought hir to Colin and there with great triumph she was married to William duke of Bauier sonne and heire to Lewes the emperour About mid of August the king to chastise the presumptuous attempts of the Welshmen went with a great power of men into Wales to pursue the capteine of the Welsh rebell Owen Glendouer but in effect he lost his labor for Owen conueied himselfe out of the waie into his knowen lurking places and as was thought through art magike he caused such foule weather of winds tempest raine snow and haile to be raised for the annoiance of the kings armie that the like had not beene heard of in such sort that the king was constreined to returne home hauing caused his people yet to spoile and burne first a great part of the countrie The same time the lord Edmund of Langlie duke of Yorke departed this life and was buried at Langlie with his brethren The Scots vnder the leding of Patrike Hepborne of the Hales the yoonger entring into England were ouerthrowen at Nesbit in the marches as in the Scotish chronicle ye may find more at large This battell was fought the two and twentith of Iune in this yeare of our Lord 1402. Archembald earle Dowglas sore displeased in his mind for this ouerthrow procured a commission to inuade England and that to his cost as ye may likewise read in the Scotish histories For at a place called Homildon they were so fiercelie assailed by the Englishmen vnder the leading of the lord Persie surnamed Henrie Hotspur and George earle of March that with violence of the English shot they were quite vanquished and put to flight on the Rood daie in haruest with a great slaughter made by the Englishmen We know that the Scotish writers note this battell to haue chanced in the yeare 1403. But we following Tho. Walsingham in this place and other English writers for the accompt of times haue thought good to place it in this yeare 1402 as in the same writers we find it There were slaine of men of estimation sir Iohn Swinton sir Adam Gordon sir Iohn Leuiston sir Alexander Ramsie of Dalehousie and three and twentie knights besides ten thousand of the commons and of prisoners among other were these Mordacke earle of Fife son to the gouernour Archembald earle Dowglas which in the fight lost one of his eies Thomas erle of Murrey Robert earle of Angus and as some writers haue the earles of Atholl Menteith with fiue hundred other of meaner degrées After this the lord Persie hauing bestowed the prisoners in suer kéeping entered Tiuidale wasting and destroieng the whole countrie and then besieged the castell of Cocklawes whereof was capteine one sir Iohn Grenlow who compounded with the Englishmen that if the castell were not succoured within three moneths then he would deliuer it into their hands The first two moneths passed and no likelihood of rescue appeared but yer the third moneth was expired the Englishmen being sent for to go with the king into Wales raised their siege and departed leauing the noble men prisoners with the earle of Northumberland and with his sonne the lord Persie to keepe them to the kings vse In this meane while such as misliked with the doctrine and ceremonies then vsed in the church ceassed not to vtter their consciences though in secret to those in whome they had affiance But as in the like cases it commonlie hapneth they were bewraied by some that were thought chieflie to fauour their cause as by sir Lewes Clifford line 10 knight who hauing leaned to the doctrine a long time did now as Thomas Walsingham writeth disclose all that he knew vnto the archbishop of Canturburie to shew himselfe as it were to haue erred rather of simplenesse and ignorance than of frowardnesse or stubborne malice The names of such as taught the articles and conclusions mainteined by those which then they called Lollards or heretikes the said sir Lewes Clifford gaue in writing to the said archbishop Edmund Mortimer earle of March prisoner line 20 with Owen Glendouer whether for irkesomnesse of cruell captiuitie or feare of death or for what other cause it is vncerteine agréed to take part with Owen against the king of England and tooke to wife the daughter of the said Owen Strange wonders happened as men reported at the natiuitie of this man for the same night he was borne all his fathers horsses in the stable were found to stand in bloud vp to the bellies The morow after line 30 the feast of saint Michaell a parlement began at Westminster which continued the space of seauen weekes in the same was a tenth and a halfe granted by the cleargie and a fiftéenth by the communaltie Moreouer the commons in this parlement besought the king to haue the person of George earle of March a Scotishman recommended to his maiestie for that the same earle shewed himselfe faithfull to the king his realme ¶ There was also a statute made that the friers beggers should not receiue any into line 40 their order year 1403 vnder the age of fourteene yeares In this fourth yeare of king Henries reigne ambassadors were sent ouer into Britaine to bring from thence the duches of Britaine the ladie Iane de Nauarre the widow of Iohn de Montford late duke of Britaine surnamed the conqueror with whom by procurators the king had contracted matrimonie In the beginning of Februarie those that were sent returned with hir in safetie but not without tasting the bitter stormes of the wind and weather that tossed line 50 them sore to and fro before they could get to land The king met hir at Winchester where the seuenth of Februarie the marriage was solemnized betwixt them Whilest these things were thus in dooing in England Ualeran earle of saint Paule bearing still a deadlie and malicious hatred toward king Henrie hauing assembled sixtéene or seuentéene hundred men of warre imbarked them at Harflew and taking the sea landed in the I le of Wight in the which line 60 he burned two villages and foure simple cotages and for a triumph of so noble an act made foure knights But when he heard that the people of the I le were assembled and approched to fight with him he hasted to his ships and returned home wherewith the noble men of his companie were displeased considering his prouision to be great and his gaine small In the same verie season Iohn earle of Cleremont sonne to the duke of Bourbon wan in Gascoigne out of the Englishmens possession the castels of saint Peter saint Marie and the New castell and the lord de la Bret wan the castell of Carlassin which was no small losse to the English nation Henrie earle of Northumberland with his brother Thomas earle
should be charged by anie person with so great inconstancie of mind whereby the last errour might be counted woorsse than the first c. An extract of the said kings letter to the cardinals WE being desirous to shew how great zeale we had haue that peace might be granted giuen to the church by the consent of the states of our realme haue sent ouer our letters to our lord the pope according to the tenure of a copie inclosed within these presents effectuallie to be executed Wherefore we doo earnestlie beseech the reuerend college of you that if happilie the said Gregorie be present at the generall councell holden at Pisa about the yeelding vp of the papasie according to the promise and oth by him manie a time made to fulfill your and our desires as we wish and beare our selues in hand he will doo that you will so order things concerning his estate that thereby God maie cheeflie be pleased and as well Gregorie himselfe as we who deseruedlie doo tender his honour and commoditie with all our harts maie be beholden to giue you and euerie of you manifold thanks This yeare certeine learned men in Oxford and other places publikelie in their sermons mainteined and set foorth the opinions and conclusions of Wickliffe This troubled the bishops and other of the clergie sore insomuch that in their conuocation house the six and twentith of Iune by a speciall mandat of the lord chancellor in presence of the procurators regents and others as Richard Courtneie Richard Talbot Nicholas Zouch Walter Midford such like in great multitude sentence was pronounced by Iohn Wels doctor of the canon law against the books of Iohn Wickliffe doctor of diuinitie intituled De sermone in monte Triologorum de simonia De perfectione statuum De ordine christiano De gradibus cleri ecclesiae and to these was added the third treatise which he compiled of logike or sophistrie These books and the conclusions in the same conteined the chancellor of the vniuersitie of Oxford by common consent and assent of the regents and non regents of the same vniuersitie reproued disanulled and condemned inhibiting on paine of the great cursse and depriuation of all degrées scholasticall that none from thencefoorth should affirme teach or preach by anie manner of meanes or waies the same hereticall books as they tearmed them conteining anie the like opinions as he taught and set foorth in the same books This yeare about Midsummer were roiall iusts holden at London in Smithfield betwixt the seneschall of Heinault and certeine Henewers challengers and the earle of Summerset and certeine Englishmen defendants The Welsh rebell Owen Glendouer made an end of his wretched life in this tenth yeare of king Henrie his reigne being driuen now in his latter time as we find recorded to such miserie that in manner despairing of all comfort he fled into desert places and solitarie caues where being destitute of all releefe and succour dreading to shew his face to anie creature and finallie lacking meat to susteine nature for méere hunger and lacke of food miserablie pined awaie and died This yeare line 10 Thomas Beaufort earle of Surrie was made chancellor and Henrie Scroope lord treasuror A parlement began this yeare in the quindene of saint Hilarie year 1410 in which the commons of the lower house exhibited a bill to the king and lords of the vpper house conteining effect as followeth A supplication to the king TO the most excellent lord our K. and to all the nobles in this present parlement assembled your faithfull commons doo humblie signifie that our souereigne lord the king might haue of the temporall possessions lands reuenues which are lewdlie spent consumed and wasted by the bishops abbats and priors within this realme so much in value as would suffice to find and line 30 susteine one hundred and fiftie earles one thousand fiue hundred knights six thousand and two hundred esquiers and one hundred hospitals more than now be The king as some write vpon aduised consideration hereof had misliked of the motion therevpon commanded that from thencefoorth they should not presume to studie about anie such matters An other thing the commons sued to haue granted vnto them line 40 but could not obteine which was that clearks conuicted should not from thence foorth be deliuered to the bishops prison Moreouer they demanded to haue the statute either reuoked or qualified which had béene established by authoritie of parlement in the second yeare of this kings reigne against such as were reputed to be heretiks or Lollards By force whereof it was prouided that wheresoeuer such manner of persons should be found and knowne to preach line 50 or teach their erronious doctrine they should be attached with the kings writ and brought to the next goale but the king séemed so highlie to fauour the cleargie that the commons were answered plainelie they should not come by their purpose but rather that the said statute should be made more rigorous and sharpe for the punishment of such persons During this parlement one Iohn Badbie a tailor or as some write a smith being conuict of heresie was brought into Smithfield and there in a tun or line 60 pipe burnt to death in pitifull manner The kings eldest sonne the lord Henrie prince of Wales being present offered him his pardon first before the fire was kindled if he would haue recanted his opinions and after when the fire was kindled hearing him make a roring noise verie pitifullie the prince caused the fire to be plucked backe and exhorting him being with pitifull paine almost dead to remember himselfe and renounce his opinions promising him not onelie life but also thrée pence a daie so long as he liued to be paid out of the kings coffers but he hauing recouered his spirits againe refused the princes offer choosing eftsoones to tast the fire and so to die than to forsake his opinions Wherevpon the prince commanded that he should be put into the tun againe from thencefoorth not to haue anie fauour or pardon at all and so it was doone and the fire put to him againe and he consumed to ashes The king demanded in this parlement that it might be granted to him to haue euerie yeare in which he held no parlement a tenth of the cleargie and a fifteenth of the laitie but the estates would not agrée therevnto by reason whereof the parlement continued till almost the middle of Maie At length they granted to giue him a fiftéenth not without great murmuring and grudging of the commonaltie About this season died the lord Thomas Beauford earle of Surrie The eleuenth of Aprill or therabouts the towne of saint Omers was burnt by casuall fire togither with the abbeie in which towne was such strange and maruellous prouision of engines and all manner of furniture and preparation for the winning of Calis as the
word of surrendring the towne line 20 or of comming to anie composition or agréement with the two kings except they made him being their capteine priuie thereto before they attempted anie such thing ¶ In the meane season the French queene the queene of England and the duches of Burgognie lieng at Corbeill came diuerse times to visit their husbands and to sée their fréends whome the king of England highlie feasted and louinglie interteined that euerie creature reported great honour of him This towne of Melun séemed verie line 30 strong both by reason of the riuer of Seine which compassed part thereof and also by strong walles turrets ditches and bulworks made about it The king therefore to take awaie all the issues and entries from them within made a bridge ouer the riuer able to beare horsses and carriage and againe appointed diuerse botes furnished with men of warre to kéepe the streame so that they within should haue no waie to come abroad either by water or land yet on a daie the Frenchmen sailed foorth line 40 and assailed the English lodgings where the earle of Warwike was incamped on the east side of the towne not farre from the duke of Burgognie but by the valiant prowesse and manlie courage of the Englishmen the enimies were easilie beaten backe and constreined to retire into the towne againe with their losse Héere is to be remembred that during this siege before Melun there came to the king the duke of Bauiere the kings brother in law but the kings sister that had beene married to him was line 50 not then liuing and brought with him seauen hundred well appointed horssemen which were reteined to serue the king and right worthilie they bare themselues and therefore most liberallie recompensed at the kings hand for the time they continued in his seruice The king inforced this siege by all waies and meanes possible to bring the towne into subiection as well by mines as otherwise but they within the line 60 towne so valiantlie behaued themselues as well by countermines whereby at length they entered into the kings mines as by other waies of resistance that by force of assaults it was not thought anie easie matter to win the same It fortuned on a daie that whilest there rose a contention betwixt two lords of the kings host who should haue the honor to go first into the mine to incounter with the Frenchmen that now had brought their mine through into the English mines and made barriers betwixt that they might safelie come and fight with the Englishmen the king to auoid the strife entered the mine himselfe first of all other and by chance came to fight hand to hand with the lord Barbason who was likewise entered the mine before all other of them within the towne After they had fought a good season togither at length they agreed to discouer either to other their names so as the lord Barbason first declaring what he was the king likewise told him that he was the king of England Wherevpon Barbason perceiuing with whome he had fought caused the barriers foorthwith to be closed and withdrew into the citie and the king returned backe to his campe At length vittels within the towne began to faile and the pestilence began to wax hot so that the lord Barbason began to treat and in conclusion about the middest of Nouember as Fabian saith the towne was yeelded vpon certeine conditions where of one was that all that were consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie should be deliuered to the king of England of whome the lord Barbason was suspected to be one The king sent them vnder the conduct of his brother the duke of Clarence to the citie of Paris whereof the French king made him capteine and so at his comming thither he tooke possession of the Bastill of S. Anthonie the Loure the house of Néelle and the place of Bois de Uincennes Monsieur de Barbason was accused by the duke of Burgognie and his sisters as guiltie to their fathers death but he in open court defended himselfe as not guiltie of that crime granting indeed and confessing that he was one of the familiar seruants to the Dolphin but that he was priuie or consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie he vtterlie denied Wherevpon he was not condemned neither yet acquited by reason of such presumptions and coniectures as were alledged and brought against him so that he remained in prison at Paris and else-where the space of nine yeares till at length being brought vnto castell Galliard it chanced that the same castell was woone by those of the Dolphins part and he being as then prisoner there escaped out of danger and so by that means was set at libertie as after shall appeare Some write that he had béene put to death if he had not appealed from king Henries sentence vnto the iudgement of the officers at armes alledging that by the lawe of armes no man hauing his brother in armes within his danger afterwards ought to put him to death for any cause or quarell And that he was the kings brother in armes he prooued it for that he had fought with him hand to hand within the mines as before yee haue heard which combat was thought of equall force by the heralds as if he had fought with the king bodie to bodie within solemne lists The credit of this matter we leaue to the consideration of the readers The earle of Huntington was made capteine of Melum In defense of this towne and castell the French had gotten vnto them manie Scots At the siege héere the king kept with him yoong Iames of Scotland who sent to those Scots that they should come out and yéeld them vnto him and not to stand in armes against their liege lord and king but they gaue word backe againe they could not take him for king that was in the power of another and so kept them in hold and in their armor still King Henrie vpon winning of these forts for their rebellion against their prince which they would haue to be counted constancie and for their contemptuous answer vnto him twentie of the proudest in example of the rest caused he there to be hanged at once From thence the king departed with his armie vnto Corbeill where the French king and the two queenes then soiourned and after both the kings accompanied with the dukes of Bedford Burgognie Glocester and Excester and the earls of Warwike and Salisburie with a great number of noble men and knights set foorth towards Paris whome the citizens in good order met without the gates and the cleargie also with solemne procession All the streets were hanged with rich clothes the two kings rode togither the king of England giuing the vpper hand to his father in lawe through the great citie of Paris to our ladie church where after they had said their deuotions they departed vnto their
this present parlement After the which words thus said as before is declared it was decréed also by the said lords arbitrators that the said lord of Winchester should haue these words that follow vnto my said lord of Glocester My lord of Glocester I haue conceiued to my great heauinesse that yée should haue receiued by diuerse reports that I should haue purposed and imagined against your person honor and estate in diuers maners for the which yée haue taken against me great displeasure Sir I take God to my witnesse that what reports so euer haue béene to you of me peraduenture of such as haue had no great affection to me God forgiue it them I neuer imagined ne purposed anie thing that might be hindering or preiudice to your person honor or estate and therefore I praie you that yee be vnto me good lord from this time foorth for by my will I gaue neuer other occasion nor purpose not to doo hereafter by the grace of God The which words so by him said it was decréed by the same arbitrators that my lord of Glocester should answer and saie Faire vncle sith yée declare you such a man as yée saie I am right glad that it is so and for such a man I take you And when this was doone it was decréed by the same arbitrators that euerie each of my lord of Glocester and Winchester should take either other by the hand in the presence of the king and all the parlement in signe and token of good loue accord the which was doone and the parlement adiorned till after Easter At this reconciliation such as loued peace reioised sith it is a fowle pernicious thing for priuat men much more for noblemen to be at variance sith vpon them depend manie in affections diuerse whereby factions might grow to the shedding of bloud though others to whom contention hartgrudge is delight wished to see the vttermost mischéefe that might therof insue which is the vtter ouerthrow and desolation of populous tribes euen as with a litle sparkle whole houses are manie times consumed to ashes as the old prouerbe saith and that verie ãâã and aptlie Sola scintilla perit haec domus aut ãâã illa But when the great fier of this ãâã betwéene these two noble personages was thus by the arbitrators to their knowledge and iudgement vtterlie quenched out and said vnder boord all other controuersies betwéene other lords taking part with the one partie or the other were appeased and brought to concord so that for ioy the king caused a solemne fest to be kept on Whitsundaie on which daie he created Richard Plantagenet sonne and heire to the erle of Cambridge whome his father at Southhampton had put to death as before yee haue heard duke of Yorke not foreséeing that this preferment should be his destruction nor that his séed should of his generation be the extreame end and finall conclusion He the same daie also promoted Iohn lord Mowbraie and earle marshall sonne and heire to Thomas duke of Norffolke by king Richard the second exiled this realme to the title name and stile of duke of Norffolke During this feast the duke of Bedford adorned the king with the high order of knighthood who on the same daie dubbed with the sword these knights whose names insue Richard duke of Yorke Iohn duke of Norffolke the earle of Westmerland Henrie lord Persie Iohn lord Butler sonne to the earle of Ormond the lord Rosse the lord Matrauers the lord Welles the lord Barkelie sir Iames Butler sir Henrie Greie of Tankaruile sir Iohn Talbot sir Rafe Greie of Warke sir Robert Uéere sir Richard Greie sir Edmund Hungerford sir Water Wingfield sir Iohn Butler sir Reginald Cobham sir Iohn Passheleu sir Thomas Tunstall sir Iohn Chedocke sir Rafe Langstre sir William Drurie sir William ap Thomas sir Richard Carnonell sir Richard Wooduile sir Iohn Shirdlow sir Nicholas Blunket sir William Cheinie iustice sir William Babington sir Rafe Butler sir Robert Beauchampe sir Edmund Trafford sir Iohn Iune cheefe baron and diuerse others After this solemne feast ended a great aid and subsidie was granted for the continuance of the conquest in France and so therevpon monie was gathered and men were prepared in euerie citie towne and countrie During which businesse Thomas duke of Excester great vncle to the king a right sage and discréet councellor departed out of this mortall life at his manor of Gréenewich and with all funerall pompe was conueied through London to Berrie and there buried ¶ In the same yeare also died the ladie Elizabeth halfe sister to the same duke and of the whole bloud with king Henrie the fourth maried first to the lord Iohn Holland duke of Excester and after to the lord Fanhope buried at the blacke friers of London Philip Morgan after the death of Iohn Fortham line 10 sometime treasuror of England year 1425 bishop of Elie and Durham both which bishopriks for anie thing that I can yet sée he inioied both at one time was made bishop of Elie in the yeare of our redemption 1425 in this sort Henrie the sixt and manie of the nobilitie had written to the conuent of the church of Elie to choose William Alnewicke doctor of both lawes confessor to the king and kéeper of the priuie seale to be their bishop Notwithstanding which they hauing more regard to their owne priuileges and benefit line 20 chose Peter the prior of Elie to succéed in the place of Iohn Fortham But none of both these inioied that roome for Martin bishop of Rome stepping into the matter to make the third part neither fauouring the kings motion nor approouing the monks election remooued this William Morgan from the see of Worcester vnto Elie sometime called Helix as I haue séene it set downe in Saxon characters in an ancient booke of the liues of saints written in the Saxon toong about the yeare of Christ 1010 before the time of Edward the confessor and much about the time of line 30 Albo Floriacensis This Morgan sat at Elie nine yeares twentie and six wéeks and foure daies departing this life in his manour of Hatfield in the yeare 1434 and was buried at the Charterhouse of London being the twentie and fourth bishop that was installed in that place While these things were thus a dooing in England year 1426 the earle of Warwike lieutenant for the regent in France entered into the countrie of Maine line 40 besieged the towne of Chateau de Loire the which shortlie to him was rendered whereof he made capteine Matthew Gough esquier After this he tooke by assault the castell of Maiet and gaue it for his valiantnesse to Iohn Winter esquier and after that he conquered the castell of Lude and made there capteine William Gladesdale gentleman Here he was informed that the Frenchmen were assembled in the countrie of Beausse wherevpon he hasted thitherwards to haue giuen them battell but they hauing line 50
aduantage 4 Item it is not vnknowen to you doubted lord how thorough your lands it is noised that the said cardinall and the archbishop of Yorke had and haue the gouernance of you and all your land the which none of your true liege men ought to vsurpe nor take vpon them And haue also estranged me your sole vncle my coosine of Yorke my coosine of Huntington and manie other lords of your kin to haue anie knowledge of anie great matter that might touch your high estate or either of your realmes And of lords spirituall of right the archbishop of Canturburie should be your chéefe councellor the which is also estranged and set aside And so be manie other right sad lords and well aduised as well spirituall as temporall to the great hurt of you my right doubted lord and of your realmes like as the experience and workes shewen cléerelie and euidentlie more harme it is 5 Item in the tender age of you my right doubted lord for the necessitie of an armie the said cardinall lent you foure thousand pounds vpon certeine iewels prised at two and twentie thousand markes with a letter of sale that and they were not quited at a certeine daie you should léese them The said cardinall séeing your monie readie to haue quited your iewels caused your treasuror of England at that daie being to paie the same monie in part of an other armie in defrauding you my right doubted lord of your said iewels kéeping them yet alwaie to his owne vse to your right great losse and his singular profit and auaile 6 Item the said cardinall then being bishop of Winchester and chancellour of England deliuered the king of Scots vpon certeine appointments as maie be shewed presumptuouslie and of his owne authoritie contrarie to the act of parlement I haue heard notable men of law say that they neuer heard the like thing doone among them which was too great a defamation to your highnesse and also to wed his neece to the said king whom that my lord of notable memorie your father whome God assoile would neuer haue so deliuered And there as he should haue paid for his costs fortie thousand pounds the said cardinall chancellour of England caused you to pardon him thereof ten thousand marks whereof the greater summe he paied you right a little what I report me to your highnesse 7 Item where the said cardinall lent you my redoubted lord great and notable summes he hath had and his assignes the rule and profit of the port of line 10 Hampton where the customers béene his seruants where by likelihood and as it is to be supposed standing the chéefe merchant of the wools of your land that you be greatlie defrauded and vnder that rule what wools and other merchandizes haue béene shipped and maie be from time to time hard is to estéeme to the great hurt and preiudice of you my right doubted lord and of all your people 8 Item howbeit that the said cardinall hath diuerse times lent you great summes of monie since the time of your reigne yet his loane hath béene so line 20 deferred and delaied that for the most part the conuenable season of the imploieng of the good lent was passed So that litle fruit or none came thereof as by experience both your realmes haue sufficientlie in knowledge 9 Item where there was iewels and plate prised at eleuen thousand pounds in weight of the said cardinall forfeited to you my right redoubted lord he gat him a restorement thereof for a loane of a little parcell of the same and so defrauded you wholie line 30 of them to your great hurt and his auaile the which good might greatlie haue eased your highnesse in sparing as much of the poore commons 10 Item the cardinall being feoff of my said lord your father whome God assoile against his intent gaue Elizabeth Beauchampe three hundred markes liuelihood where that his will was that and she were wedded within a yeare then to haue it or else not where in déed it was two or thrée years line 40 after to your great hurt and diminishing of your inheritance 11 Item notwithstanding that the said cardinall hath no maner of authoritie nor interest in the crowne nor none maie haue by anie possibilitie yet he presumeth and taketh vpon him in partie your estate roiall in calling before him into great abusion of all your land and derogation of your highnesse which hath not beene seene nor vsed in no daies heretofore in greater estate than he is without line 50 your expresse ordinance and commandement 12 Item the said cardinall nothing considering the necessitie of you my right doubted lord hath sued a pardon of dismes that he should paie for the church of Winchester for terme of his life giuing thereby occasion to all other lords spirituall to draw their good will for anie necessitie to grant anie disme and so to laie all the charge vpon the temporaltie and the poore people 13 Item by the gouernance and labour of the line 60 said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke there hath béene lost and dispended much notable and great good by diuerse ambassadors sent out of this realme First to Arras for a feigned colourable peace whereas by likelinesse it was thought and supposed that it should neuer turne to the effectuall auaile of you my right doubted lord nor to your said realmes but vnder colour thereof was made the peace of your aduersarie and the duke of Burgognie For else your partie aduerse the said duke might not well haue found meanes nor waies to haue communed togither nor to haue concluded with other their confederations and conspirations made and wrought there then at that time against your highnesse whereby you might haue right doubted lord the greater partie of your obeisance as well in your realme of France as in your duchie of Normandie and much other thing gone greatlie as through the said colourable treatie otherwise since the death of my brother of Bedford whome God assoile 14 Item now of late was sent an other ambassadour to Calis by the labour and counsell of the said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke the cause why of the beginning is to me your sole vncle and other lords of your kin and councell vnknowen to your great charge and against the publike good of your realmâ as it openlie appeareth The which good if it be imploied for the defense of your lands the merchandizes of the same might haue had other course and your said lands not to haue stand in so great mischéefe as they doo 15 Item after that to your great charge and hurt of both your realmes the said cardinall archbishop of Yorke went to your said towne of Calis and diuerse lords of your kin and of your councell in their fellowship and there as there was naturall warre betwéene the duke of Orleance and the duke of Burgognie for murther of their fathers a capitall enimitie like to haue indured for euer the said
other write that he was smouldered betweene two featherbeds and some haue affirmed that he died of verie gréefe for that he might not come openlie to his answer line 40 His dead corpse was conueied to saint Albons and there buried After his death none of his seruants suffered although fiue of them to wit sir Roger Chamberline knight Middleton Herbert Arteise esquiers and Richard Nedham gentleman were arreigned condemned and drawen to Tiborne where they were hanged let downe quicke and stripped to haue béene bowelled and quartered but the marques of Suffolke comming at that instant brought their pardons shewed the same openlie and so their liues line 50 were saued Some thinke that the name and title of Glocester hath béene vnluckie to diuerse which for their honours haue béene erected by creation of princes to that stile and dignitie as Hugh Spenser Thomas of Woodstoke sonne to king Edward the third and this duke Humfreie which three persons by miserable death finished their daies and after them king Richard the third also duke of Glocester in ciuill warre slaine So that this name duke of Glocester is taken line 60 for an vnhappie stile as the prouerbe speaketh of Seians horsse whose rider was euer vnhorssed whose possessor was euer brought to miserie But suerlie by the pitifull death of this noble duke and politike gouernour the publike wealth of the realme came to great decaie as by sequele here may more at large appeare Oft times it hapneth that a man in quenching of smoke burneth his fingers in the fire so the quéene in casting how to kéepe hir husband in honor and hir selfe in authoritie in making awaie of this noble man brought that to passe which she had most cause to haue feared which was the deposing of hir husband the decaie of the house of Lancaster which of likelihood had not chanced if this duke had liued for then durst not the duke of Yorke haue attempted to set foorth his title to the crowne as he afterwards did to the great trouble of the realme and destruction of king Henrie and of manie other noble men beside This is the opinion of men but Gods iudgements are vnsearchable against whose decrée and ordinance preuaileth no humane counsell But to conclude of this noble duke he was an vpright and politike gouernour bending all his indeuours to the aduancement of the common-wealth verie louing to the poore commons and so beloued of them againe learned wise full of courtesie void of pride and ambition a vertue rare in personages of such high estate but where it is most commendable But sith the praise of this noble man deserueth a large discourse and meet for such as haue cunning how to handle the same sith the ornaments of his mind were both rare admirable the feats of chiualrie by him commensed and atchiued valiant and fortunate his grauitie in counsell and soundnesse of policie profound and singular all which with a traine of other excellent properties linked togither require a man of manifold gifts to aduance them according to their dignitie I refer the readers vnto maister Foxes booke of Acts and Monuments Onelie this I ad that in respect of his noble indowments and his demeanor full of decencie which he dailie vsed it séemeth he might well haue giuen this prettie poesie Virtute duce non sanguine nitor In this six and twentith yeare of the reigne of this king but in the first of the rule of the quéene I find nothing doone worthie of rehersall within the realme of England but that the marquesse of Suffolke by great fauour of the king more desire of the quéene was erected to the title and dignitie of duke of Suffolke which he a short time inioied For Richard duke of Yorke being greatlie alied by his wife to the chiefe peeres and potentates of the realme beside his owne progenie perceiuing the king to be no ruler but the whole burthen of the realme to rest in direction of the quéene the duke of Suffolke began secretlie to allure his friends of the nobilitie and priuilie declared vnto them his title and right to the crowne and likewise did he to certeine wise gouernours of diuerse cities and townes Which attempt was so politikelie handled and so secretlie kept that prouision to his purpose was readie before his purpose was openlie published and his friends opened themselues yer the contrarie part could them espie for in conclusion all shortlie in mischiefe burst out as ye may hereafter heare During these dooings Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester and called the rich cardinall year 1448 departed out of this world buried at Westminster He was son to Iohn Duke of Lancaster descended of an honorable linage but borne in hast more noble in blood than notable in learning hautie in stomach and high of countenance rich aboue measure but not verie liberall disdainefull to his kin and dreadfull to his louers preferring monie before friendship manie things beginning and few performing sauing in malice and mischiefe his insatiable couetousnesse and hope of long life made him both to forget God his prince and himselfe Of the getting of his goods both by power legantine and spirituall briberie I will not speake but the keeping of them which he chiefelie gathered for ambitious purpose was both great losse to his naturall prince and natiue countrie for his hidden riches might haue well holpen the king and his secret treasure might haue relieued the communaltie when monie was scant and charges great Of this catholike clerke such were the déeds that with king and ech estate else saith Polydor the lighter was the losse bicause as for his hat he was a prelate proud inough so for a bishop was there a better soone set in his roome One William Patin son and heire to Richard his father and eldest brother to Iohn that deceassed deane of Chichester and to Richard that liued and died at Baslo in Derbishire This William was a person by parentage borne a gentleman for vertue and learning first consecrate bishop of Winchester then anon after for wisedome line 10 and integritie chosen lord chancellor of England wherein his prudence made eminent in warilie weilding the weight of that office at those daies which were so dangerous for all estates to liue in His vertuous disposition was right apparant and it were but by this the godlie erection of that worthie worke Magdalene colledge in Oxford a plot right aptlie chosen out for studie at first with strength and workemanship soone after builded according in proportion beautifull outward and for vse verie commodious line 20 within sorted into a faire mansion for the president seuerall and méet for a man to that office of worship and grauitie and also into other roomes for the fellowes officers and yoonger students Not without a vertuous remembrance of the verie tenderlings who might appeare to be toward and teachable whereof part to be trained vp in
lands gathering togither and making a monopolie of offices fées wards and farmes by reason whereof the kings estate was greatlie diminished and decaied and he and his kin highlie exalted inriched with manie other points which bicause they be not notable nor of great force or strength I omit and ouerpasse The quéene which intierlie loued the duke doubting some commotion and trouble to arise if he were line 10 let go vnpunished caused him for a colour to be committed to the Tower where he remained not past a moneth but was againe deliuered and restored to the kings fauour as much as euer he was before This dooing so much displeased the people that if politike prouision had not béene great mischeefe had immediatlie insued For the commons in sundrie places of the realme assembled togither in great companies and chose to them a capteine whome they called Blewbeard but yer they had attempted anie enterprise line 20 their leaders were apprehended so the matter pacified without anie hurt committed After this outrage thus asswaged the parlement was adiourned to Leicester whither came the king and quéene in great estate and with them the duke of Suffolke as chéefe councellour The commons of the lower house not forgetting their old grudge besought the king that such persons as assented to the release of Aniou and deliuerance of Maine might be dulie punished And to be priuie to that fact they line 30 accused as principall the duke of Suffolke with Iohn bishop of Salisburie and sir Iames Fines lord Saie and diuerse others When the king perceiued that there was no remedie to appease the peoples furie by anie colourable waies shortlie to pacifie so long an hatred he first sequestred the lord Saie being treasuror of England and other the dukes adherents from their offices and roomes and after banished the duke of Suffolke as the abhorred rode and common noiance of the whole realme for tearme of line 40 fiue yeares meaning by this exile to appease the malice of the people for the time and after when the matter should be forgotten to reuoke him home againe But Gods iustice would not that so vngratious a person should so escape for when he shipped in Suffolke intending to transport himselfe ouer into France he was incountered with a ship of warre apperteining to the duke of Excester constable of the Tower of London called the Nicholas of the Tower The capteine of that barke with small fight line 50 entered into the dukes ship and perceiuing his person present brought him to Douer road and there on the one side of a cocke bote caused his head to be striken off and left his bodie with the head lieng there on the sands Which corps being there found by a chapleine of his was conueied to Wingfield college in Suffolke and there buried This end had William de la Poole duke of Suffolke as men iudge by Gods prouidence for that he had procured the death of that good duke of Glocester as before is line 60 partlie touched Soone after an other disquiet befell here Those that fauoured the duke of Yorke and wished the crowne vpon his head for that as they iudged he had more right thereto than he that ware it procured a commotion in Kent on this manner A certeine yoong man of a goodlie stature and right pregnant of wit was intised to take vpon him the name of Iohn Mortimer cââfine to the duke of Yorke although his name was Iohn Cade or of some Iohn Mend-all an Irishman as Polychronicon saith and not for a small policie thinking by that surname that those which fauoured the house of the earle of March would be assistant to him And so in déed it came to passe as in such cases there is no bréeder of a broile but he shall find adherents enow no lesse forward to further his pernicious enterprise by their foolehardines than himselfe was in the plot of his deuise though in fine as it is the vnluckie lot of such tumults their attempts were withstood and their offense dulie rewarded as in processe of the storie shall more at large appeare according to the wisemans sentence Saepe in magistrum scelera redeunt sua This capteine assembling a great companie of tall personages assured them that the enterprise which he tooke in hand was both honourable to God and the king and profitable to the whole realme For if either by force or policie they might get the king and quéene into their hands he would cause them to be honourablie vsed and take such order for the punishing and reforming of the misdemeanours of their bad councellours that neither fiftéens should hereafter be demanded nor once anie impositions or taxes be spoken of The Kentish people mooued at these persuasions other faire promises of reformation in good order of battell though not in great number came with their capteine vnto the plaine of Blackeheath betwéene Eltham and Gréenewich and there kept the field more than a month pilling the countrie about to whome the citie of London at that time was verie fauourable ¶ And the said capteine as I find recorded saith Iohn Stow sent for such citizens of London as it pleased him to command to repaire vnto him vnder letters of safe conduct as followeth The safegard and signe manuell of the capteine of Kent sent to Thomas Cocke draper of London by the capteine of the great assemblie in Kent BY this our writing insealed we grant will permit trulie that Thomas Cocke of London draper shall come in good suertie and in safegard to our presence without anie hurt of his person and so auoid from vs againe at his pleasure with all other persons assigned at his denomination with him comming in likewise The commandement by the capteine of Kent sent vnto Thomas Cocke aboue said FOr your instruction first ye shall charge all Lumbards and strangers being merchants Genowais Uenetians Florentines and others this daie to draw them togither and to ordeine for vs the capteine twelue harnesses complet of the best fashion foure twentie brigandins twelue battell axes twelue glaues six horsses with sadle and bridle completlie harnessed and a thousand markes of readie monie And if this our demand be not obserued doone we shall haue the heads of as manie as we can get of them And to the intent the cause of this glorious capteins comming thither might be shadowed vnder a cloke of good meaning though his intent nothing so he sent vnto the king an humble supplication affirming that his comming was not against his grace but against such of his councellours as were louers of themselues and oppressors of the poore commonaltie flatterers of the king and enimies to his honor suckers of his purse and robbers of his subiects parciall to their fréends and extreame to their enimies thorough bribes corrupted and for indifferencie dooing nothing ¶ Here bicause a full report of this insurrection maie passe to the knowledge of
that time deceassed that then after the death of his father and grandfather all the said lands should wholie remaine to the next heire of their bloud either male or female being vnder the obeisance of the French king or his heires Manie other noble men whose hearts were good English made like compositions and some came into England and others went to Calis and bare great offices there as the lord Duras which was marshall of that towne and monsieur Uauclere which was deputie there vnder the earle of Warwike Thus were the Englishmen cléerelie displaced and lost the possession of all the countries townes castels and places within the realme of France so that onelie Calis Hammes and Guines with the marches thereof remained in their hands of all those their dominions and seigniories which they sometime held in the parties beyond the seas Whereby England suffered a partile but not a totall eclipse of hir glorie in continuall loosing nothing gaining of the enimie ¶ Which recouerie was of great facilitie to the French for that where they came they found litle or no resistance but rather a voluntarie submission yéelding as it were with holding vp of hands yer they came to handstroks So that in such victories and conquests consisted small renowme sith without slaughter bloudshed hardie enterprises are not atchiued Notablie therefore speaketh Anglorum praelia line 10 of these bloudlesse and sweatlesse victories saieng Delphinus totos nullo prohibente per agros Francorum transit priùs expugnata receptans Oppida perfacile est populum domuisse volentem Tendentemque manus vltrò nec clarior ornat Gloria vincentem fuso sine sanguine regna This yeare the king made a generall progresse and came to the citie of Excester on mondaie the sixtéenth of Iulie at after noone being the feast daie of saint Kenelme and was receiued from place to line 20 place verie honorablie through the whole countrie Before he came to this citie he was met by all the cleargie in their degrées some thrée miles some two miles and some at the citie all in their copes censing all the waies as they went As soone as he came to this citie he was first conducted to the cathedrall church in all most honourable order When he had doone his oblations he was conueied and lodged in the bishops house During his abode here there was a sessions kept before the duke of Summerset and line 30 certeine men condemned to die for treason and had iudgement to be executed to death The bishop and his clergie vnderstanding hereof with open mouth complained vnto the king that he caused a sessions to be kept within his sanctuarie contrarie to the priuilege of his church and that all their dooings being doone against law were of no effect And notwithstanding the king and his councell had discoursed vnto them the iust and orderlie procéeding the hainousnesse of the offendors and the line 40 necessitie of their punishment yet all could not auaile for holie church nor the sanctuarie might be prophaned as they said with the deciding of temporall matters Wherevpon the king in the end yéelding to their exclaimes released a couple of arrant traitors and reuersed all his former lawfull procéedings and so vpon the wednesdaie he departed and returned towards London The duke of Yorke pretending as yée haue heard line 50 a right to the crowne as heire to Lionell duke of Clarence came this yeare out of Ireland vnto London in the parlement time there to consult with his speciall fréends as Iohn duke of Northfolke Richard earle of Salisburie and the lord Richard his sonne which after was earle of Warwike Thomas Courtneie earle of Deuonshire Edward Brooke lord Cobham After long deliberation and aduise taken it was thought expedient to keepe their chéefe purpose secret and that the duke should raise an armie line 60 of men vnder a pretext to remooue diuerse councellors about the king and to reuenge the manifest iniuries doone to the common-wealth by the same rulers Of the which as principall the duke of Summerset was namelie accused both for that he was greatlie hated of the commons for the losse of Normandie and for that it was well knowne that he would be altogither against the duke of Yorke in his chalenge to be made when time serued to the crowne insomuch that his goods by the commons were foulie despoiled and borne awaie from the Blacke friers After which riot on the next morrow proclamation was made through the citie that no man should spoile or rob on paine of death But on the same daie at the standard in Cheape was a man beheaded for dooing contrarie to the proclamation Therefore when the duke of Yorke had thus by aduise of his speciall fréends framed the foundation of his long intended enterprise he assembled a great hoast to the number of ten thousand able men in the marches of Wales publishing openlie that the cause of this his gathering of people was for the publike wealth of the realme The king much astonied at the matter by aduise of his councell raised a great power and marched forward toward the duke But he being thereof aduertised turned out of that way which by espials he vnderstood that the king held and made streight toward London and hauing knowledge that he might not be suffered to passe through the citie he crossed ouer the Thames at Kingston bridge and so kept on towards Kent where he knew that he had both fréends well-willers and there on Burnt heath a mile from Dertford and twelue miles from London he imbatelled and incamped himselfe verie stronglie inuironing his field with artillerie and trenches The king hereof aduertised brought his armie with all diligence vnto Blackeheath and there pight his tents Whilest both these armies laie thus imbattelled the king sent the bishop of Winchester and Thomas Bourchier bishop of Elie Richard Wooduile lord Riuers Richard Andrew the kéeper of his priuie seale to the duke both to know the cause of so great a commotion and also to make a concord if the requests of the duke and his companie séemed consonant to reason The duke hearing the message of the bishops answered that his comming was neither to damnifie the king in honour nor in person neither yet anie good man but his intent was to remooue from him certeine euill disposed persons of his councell bloud-succours of the nobilitie pollers of the cleargie and oppressours of the poore people Amongst these he chéeflie named Edmund duke of Summerset whome if the king would commit to ward to answer such articles as against him in open parlement should be both proponed and proued he promised not onelie to dissolue his armie but also offered himselfe like an obedient subiect to come to the kings presence and to doo him true and faithfull seruice according to his loiall and bounden dutie ¶ But a further vnderstanding of the dukes meaning by
liege men First praieng and beséeching to our souereigne Christ Iesus of his high and mightie power to giue you vertue of prudence and that through the praier of the glorious martyr S. Albon giue you verie knowledge of our truths and to know the intent of our assembling at this time for God that is in heauen knoweth our intent is rightfull and true And therefore we praie vnto that mightie Lord in these words Domine sis clypeus defensionis nostrae Wherfore gratious lord please it your maiestie roiall to deliuer such as we will accuse and they to haue like as they haue deserued and this doone you to be honorablie worshipped as most rightfull king and our true gouernour And if we should now at this time be promised as afore this time is not vnknowen haue béene promises broken which haue béene full faithfullie promised and therevpon great othes sworne we will not now ceasse for no such promises nor oth till we haue them which haue deserued death or else we to die therefore The answer by the king to the duke of Yorke I King Henrie charge and command that no manner person of what degrée estate or what condition soeuer he be abide not but that they auoid the field and not be so hardie to make resistance against me in my owne realme For I shall know what traitour dare be so bold to raise anie people in mine owne land wherethrough I am in great disease and heauines By the faith I owe vnto S. Edward and vnto the crowne of England I shall destroie them euerie mothers sonne and eke they to be hanged drawne and quartered that may be taken afterward of them in example to make all such traitors to beware for to make anie rising of people within mine owne land and so traitorouslie to abide their king and gouernour And for a conclusion rather than they shall haue anie lord that here is with me at this time I shall this day for their sake in this quarell my selfe liue and die The words of the duke of Yorke to all gentlemen and other assembled with him SIrs the king our souereigne lord will not be reformed at our beseeching ne praier nor will not in no wise vnderstand the intent wherfore we be here assembled and gathered at this time but onelie is in full purpose to destroie vs all And thervpon a great oth hath made line 10 that there is none other waie but that he with all his power will pursue vs and if we be taken to giue vs a shamefull death léesing our liuelod and goods and also our heires shamed for euer Therefore sirs now sith it will none otherwise be but that we shall vtterlie die better it is for vs to die in the field than cowardlie to be put to an vtter rebuke and shamefull death for the right of England standeth in vs. Considering also in what perill it standeth at this time and for to redresse the mischéefe thereof let euerie line 20 man helpe to his power this daie and in that quarell to quite vs like men to the crowne of England praieng and beséeching vnto that Lord the which is eternall thât reigneth in the glorious kingdome celestiall to kéepe and saue vs this daie in our right and through the gifts of his holie grace we may be made strong to withstand the great abhominable and horrible malice of them that purpose to destroie vs and the realme of England and put vs to a shamefull death Praie we therefore to the Lord to be our comfort line 30 and our defendour saieng these words Domine sis clypeus defensionis nostrae But another historie-writer saith that the king when first he heard of the duke of Yorks approch sent to him messengers the duke of Buckingham and others to vnderstand what he meant by his comming thus in maner of warre The duke of Buckingham to his message was answered by the duke of Yorke and his complices that they were all of line 40 them the kings faithfull liege subiects and intended no harme to him at all but the cause of our comming saie they is not in meaning anie hurt to his person But let that wicked and naughtie man the duke of Summerset be deliuered vnto vs who hath lost Normandie and taken no regard to the preseruation of Gascoigne and furthermore hath brought the realme vnto this miserable estate that where it was the floure of nations and the princesse of prouinces now is it haled into desolation spoile not line 50 so dreadfull by malice of forren enimie that indéed vtterlie as yee know seeketh our ruine as by the intollerable outrages of him that so long ago euen still appeares to haue sworne the confusion of our king and realme If it therefore please the king to deliuer that bad man into our hands we are readie without trouble or breach of peace to returne into our countrie But if the king be not minded so to do bicause he cannot misse him let him vnderstand that we will rather die in the field than suffer such a mischéefe line 60 vnredressed The king aduertised of this answer more wilfull than tollerable appointed him rather to trie battell than deliuer the duke of Summerset to his enimies Whereof they ascerteined made no longer staie but streightwaie sounded the trumpet to battell or rather as Hall saith while king Henrie sent foorth his ambassadours to treat of peace at the one end of the towne the earle of Warwike with his Marchmen entred at the other end and fiercelie setting on the kings fore-ward within a small time discomfited the same The place where they first brake into the towne was about the middle of saint Peters stréet The fight for a time was right sharpe and cruell for the duke of Summerset with the other lords comming to the succours of their companions that were put to the woorse did what they could to beat backe the enimies but the duke of Yorke sent euer fresh men to succour the wearie and to supplie the places of them that were hurt whereby the kings armie was finallie brought low and all the cheefteins of the field slaine and beaten downe For there died vnder the signe of the castell Edmund duke of Summerset who as hath béene reported was warned long before to auoid all castels and beside him laie Henrie the second of that name earle of Northumberland Humfrie earle of Stafford sonne to the duke of Buckingham Iohn lord Clifford sir Barthram Antwisell knight a Norman borne who forsaking his natiue countrie to continue in his loiall obedience to king Henrie came ouer to dwell here in England when Normandie was lost William Zouch Iohn Boutreux Rafe Bapthorp with his sonne William Corwin William Cotton Gilbert Faldinger Reginald Griffon Iohn Dawes Elice Wood Iohn Eith Rafe Woodward Gilbert Skarlock and Rafe Willoughbie esquiers with manie other in all to the number of eight thousand as Edward Hall saith in his chronicle
and to be freends each to other both obedient to the king were accorded by award wherof writings were sealed signed and deliuered to effect as followeth The award made at Westminster on the three and twentith of March Anno regni regis 36. FIrst that at the costs charges and expenses of the duke of Yorke the earles of Warwike and Salisburie fourtie fiue pounds of yearelie rent should be assured by waie of a mortisement for euer vnto the monasterie of S. Albons for suffrages and obits to be kept and almes to be imploied for the soules of Edmund late duke of Summerset Henrie late erle of Northumberland and Thomas late lord Clifford late slaine in the battell of saint Albons and buried in the abbeie church and also for the soules of all other slaine in the same battell The said duke of Summerset the earle of Northumberland and lord Clifford by vertue of the same award were declared for true and faithfull liegemen to the king and so to be holden and reputed in the daie of their deaths aswell as the said duke of Yorke the earles of Warwike and Salisburie Moreouer it was decreed that the duke of Yorke should giue to Elenor duchesse of Summerset and to Henrie duke of Summerset hir sonne the summe of fiue thousand markes of good assignements of debts which the king owght him for his wages due during the time of his seruice in Ireland to be diuided as the king should thinke conuenient betwixt the brethren sisters of the said duke of Summerset Also that the earle of Warwike should giue vnto the lord Clifford the summe of a thousand markes in good and sufficient assignements of debts which the king owght him to be distributed betwixt the said lord Clifford his brethren and sisters Also where Thomas Persie knight lord Egremond and Richard Persie his brother sonnes of the ladie Elenor countesse of Northumberland had béen in a sessions holden within the countie of Yorke before Richard Bingham and Rafe Pole the kings iustices and other commissioners condemned vnto the earle of Salisburie in the summe of eight thousand markes and to the same earle and to his wife Alice in the summe of fiue thousand marks and to Thomas Neuill knight son to the said earle of Salisburie in the summe of a thousand marks and to the said Thomas and Mawd his wife in the summe of two thousand marks and to Iohn Neuill knight sonne to the said earle of Salisburie in the summe of eight hundred marks for transgressions and trespasses there found to be doone by the said lord Egremond and Richard his brother vnto the said earle of Salisburie Alice Thomas Neuill Mawd and Iohn Neuill as by the record appéered It was ordeined that the said earle and his sonnes should release all the said summes of monie and the executions thereof and likewise release vnto Rafe Uerneie and Iohn Steward late shiriffes of London vnto whose custodie the said lord Egremond had beene for the same condemnations committed and from them escaped all actions which they or anie of them might haue against the said Uerneie and Steward for the same escape Yet it was decreed by this award that the said lord Egremond should be bound by recognisance in the Chancerie to kéepe the peace toward the said erle and his wife children seruants and tenants Also where diuerse knights esquiers and other seruants and tenants to the said earle of Northumberland and to the said lord Egremond were by their seuerall obligations bound by occasion of the said debates vnto the said duke of Yorke earle of Salisburie or anie of their children to stand to their order and gouernement it was ordeined that the same obligations should be deliuered to them that so stood bound before the feast of saint Peter ad vincula next insuing at the citie of Yorke or else that the parties so bound should haue sufficient acquitances in discharge of the same obligations It was further awarded that all variances discords debates controuersies appeales and actions personals that were or had béene betwixt any of the said persons or any of their seruants or tenants should be for euer determined ended sauing to euerie one his title action and right which he had by any euidence of arrerages of rents or seruices accounts detinues or debts due by reason of anie lawfull contract or deed had and made for anie reasonable considerations other than the variance before said And for the more assurance of both parties it was ordeined that either should release to other all maner of actions that were méere personals and appeales line 10 which anie of them might haue against the other by reason of the variances and discords before mentioned Also it was decreed that if anie action sute or quarell chanced betwixt anie of the seruants or tenants of anie of the parties for matter or title supposed to be had occasioned or mooued before this time that from thenceforth none of the said parties should mainteine support or aid any of them that will so sue and mooue strife and debate but should rather so line 20 deale as the matter may be brought to peace and quietnesse It was further awarded that if anie man complained pretended or surmised that this award was not kept but in some point broken by anie of the parties for the which breach he would haue a Scire facias or some other action prosecuted in the kings name vpon anie recognisance made to the king for the performance of this award yet should not the same Scire facias or action be prosecuted till the kings line 30 councell might be throughlie certified of the matter by the complainant and vpon consideration sée iust cause whie the same Scire facias or action ought to be had and prosecuted in the kings name And if anie variance rose betwixt the councell of both the parties in making of the recognisances releases acquittances or other writings the same variance should be determined by the two lords cheefe iustices that should be fullie instructed of the kings intention in this behalfe line 40 And besides this it was notified and declared by the same award that the parties being seuerallie bound in the Chancerie in great sums to obeie and performe this award ordinance iudgement made by the king it was the kings will and pleasure that the same recognisances should stand in force and no parcels of the summes therein conteined to be pardoned in anie wise without the agréement and consent of the partie for whose assurance the same recognisance was taken line 50 And if anie of the said summes or anie parcell thereof should be recouered by action or execution taken and prosecuted in the kings name vpon anie of the said recognisances the partie to whose hinderance the award was broken should haue the one halfe of the monie so recouered and the other moitie should be assigned to the treasuror of the kings house ¶ This ordinance award and agréement
acts and statutes made afore this time by act of parlement not repealed or annulled by like authoritie or otherwise void be in suth force effect and vertue as they were afore the making of these ordinances and that no letters patents roialx of record nor acts iudiciall made or doone afore this time not repealed reuersed ne otherwise void by law be preiudiced or hurt by this present act line 20 This agreement put in articles was ingrossed sealed and sworne vnto by the two parties and also enacted in the parlement For ioy whereof the king hauing in his companie the duke of Yorke road to the cathedrall church of saint Paule in London and there on the day of All saints with the crowne on his head went solemnelie in procession and was lodged a good space after in the bishops palace néere to the said church And vpon the saturdaie next insuing line 30 Richard duke of Yorke was by sound of trumpet solemnelie proclamed heire apparant to the crowne of England and protectour of the realme After this the parlement kept at Couentrie the last yeare was declared to be a diuelish councell and onelie had for destruction of the nobilitie and was indéed no lawfull parlement bicause they which were returned were neuer elected according to the due order of the law but secretlie named by them which desired rather the destruction than the aduancement of the line 40 common-wealth When these agréements were enacted the king dissolued his parlement which was the last parlement that euer he ended The duke of Yorke well knowing that the queene would spurne against all this caused both hir and hir sonne to be sent for by the king But she as woont rather to rule than to be ruled and thereto counselled by the dukes of Excester and Summerset not onelie denied to come but also assembled a great armie intending to take the king by fine force out of the lords hands The protector in London hauing knowledge line 50 of all these dooings assigned the duke of Norffolke and erle of Warwike his trustie fréends to be about the king while he with the earles of Salisburie and Rutland and a conuenient number departed out of London the second daie of December northward and appointed the earle of March his eldest sonne to follow him with all his power The duke came to his castell of Sandall beside Wakefield on Christmasse éeuen there began to make muster of his tenants and fréends The quéene there of ascerteined determined line 60 to cope with him yeâ his succour were come Now she hauing in hir companie the prince hir sonne the dukes of Excester and Summerset the earle of Deuonshire the lord Clifford the lord Ros and in effect all the lords of the north parts with eightéene thousand men or as some write two and twentie thousand marched from Yorke to Wakefield and bad base to the duke euen before his castell gates He hauing with him not fullie fiue thousand persons contrarie to the minds of his faithfull councellors would needs issue foorth to fight with his enimies The duke of Summerset and the quéenes part casting vpon their most aduantage appointed the lord Clifford to lie in one stale and the earle of Wilshire in another and the duke with other to kéepe the maine battell The duke of Yorke with his people descended downe the hill in good order and arraie and was suffered to passe on towards the maine battell But when he was in the plaine field betweene his castell and the towne of Wakefield he was inuironed on euerie side like fish in a net so that though he fought manfullie yet was he within halfe an houre slaine and dead and his whole armie discomfited with him died of his trustie fréends his two bastard vncles sir Iohn and sir Hugh Mortimers sir Dauie Hall sir Hugh Hastings sir Thomas Neuill William and Thomas Aparre both brethren and two thousand and eight hundred others whereof manie were yoong gentlemen and heires of great parentage in the south parts whose kin reuenged their deaths within foure moneths next as after shall appeare In this conflict was wounded and taken prisoner Richard earle of Salisburie sir Richard Limbricke Rafe Stanleie Iohn Harow capteine Hanson and diuerse others The lord Clifford perceiuing where the earle of Rutland was conueied out of the field by one of his fathers chapleins and scholemaister to the same earle and ouertaking him stabbed him to the heart with a dagger as he kneeled afore him This earle was but a child at that time of twelue yeares of age whome neither his tender yeares nor dolorous countenance with holding vp both his hands for mercie for his speach was gone for feare could mooue the cruell heart of the lord Clifford to take pitie vpon him so that he was noted of great infamie for that his vnmercifull murther vpon that yoong gentleman But the same lord Clifford not satisfied herewith came to the place where the dead corpse of the duke of Yorke laie caused his head to be striken off and set on it a crowne of paper fixed it on a pole and presented it to the quéene not lieng farre from the field in great despite at which great reioising was shewed but they laughed then that shortlie after lamented and were glad then of other mens deaths that knew not their owne to be so néere at hand ¶ Some write that the duke was taken aliue and in derision caused to stand vpon a molehill on whose head they put a garland in steed of a crowne which they had fashioned and made of sedges or bulrushes and hauing so crowned him with that garland they knéeled downe afore him as the Iewes did vnto Christ in scorne saieng to him Haile king without rule haile king without heritage haile duke and prince without people or possessions And at length hauing thus scorned him with these and diuerse other the like despitefull words they stroke off his head which as yee haue heard they presented to the quéene Manie déemed that this miserable end chanced to the duke of Yorke as a due punishment for breaking his oth of allegiance vnto his souereigne lord king Henrie but others held him discharged thereof bicause he obteined a dispensation from the pope by such suggestion as his procurators made vnto him whereby the same oth was adiudged void as that which was receiued vnaduisedlie to the preiudice of himselfe and disheriting of all his posteritie After this victorie by the quéene the earle of Salisburie and all the prisoners were sent to Pomfret year 1461 and there beheaded whose heads togither with the duke of Yorkes head were conueied to Yorke and there set on poles ouer the gate of the citie in despite of them and their linage The earle of March now after the death of his father verie duke of Yorke lieng at Glocester was woonderfullie amazed when the sorrowfull newes of these mishaps came vnto him but after
these things were adooing in the south-parts king Henrie being in the north countrie assembled a great armie trusting for all this to subdue his enimies namelie sith their chiefe ringleader the duke of Yorke was dispatched out of the waie line 20 But he was deceiued for out of the ded stocke sprang a branch more mightie than the stem this Edward the fourth a prince so highlie fauoured of the people for his great liberalitie clemencie vpright dealing and courage that aboue all other he with them stood in grace alone by reason whereof men of all ages and degrees to him dailie repaired some offering themselues and their men to ieopard their liues with him and other plentiouslie gaue monie to support his charges and to mainteine his right line 30 By which meanes he gathered togither a puissant armie to the intent by battell sithens none other waies would serue at once to make an end of all So his armie and all things prepared he departed out of London the twelfe daie of March and by easie iournies came to the castell of Pomfret where he rested appointing the lord Fitz Walter to kéepe the passage at Ferribridge with a good number of tall mân King Henrie on the other part hauing his armie in readinesse committed the gouernance thereof line 40 to the duke of Summerset the earle of Northumberland and the lord Clifford as men desiring to reuenge the death of their parents slaine at the first battell at saint Albons These capteins leauing king Henrie his wife and sonne for the most safegard within the citie of Yorke passed the riuer of Wharfe with all their power intending to stop king Edward of his passage ouer the riuer of Aire And the better to bring that to passe the lord Clifford determined to make a charge vpon them that line 50 kept the passage of Ferribridge and so he departed with his light horssemen from the great armie on the saturdaie before Palmesundaie and earelie yer his enimies were aware slue the kéepers and wan the bridge The lord Fitz Walter hearing the noise suddenlie rose out of his bed and vnarmed with a pollar in his hand thinking that it had béene but a fraie amongst his men came downe to appease the same but yer he knew what the matter meant was slaine and with him the bastard of Salisburie brother to the earle of Warwike a valiant yoong gentleman and line 60 of great audacitie When the earle of Warwike was informed hereof like a man desperat he mounted on his hacknie and hasted puffing and blowing to king Edward saieng Sir I praie God haue mercie of their soules which in the beginning of your enterprise haue lost their liues And bicause I sée no succors of the world but in God I remit the vengeance to him our creator and redéemer With that he alighted downe and slue his horse with his sword saieng Let him flée that will for suerlie I will tarrie with him that will tarrie with me and kissed the crosse of his sword as it were for a vow to the promise King Edward perceiuing the courage of his trustie friend the earle of Warwike made proclamation that all men which were afraid to fight should depart and to all those that tarried the battell he promised great rewards with addition that anie souldier which voluntarilie would abide and afterwards either in or before the fight should seeme to flee or turne his backe then he that could kill him should haue a great reward and double wages After this proclamation ended the lord Fauconbridge sir Walter Blunt Robert Horne with the fore-ward passed the riuer at Castelford three miles from Ferribridge intending to haue inuironed the lord Clifford and his companie But they being therof aduertised departed in great hast toward king Henries armie yet they met with some that they looked not for were so trapt yer they were aware For the lord Clifford either for heat or paine putting off his gorget suddenlie with an arrow as some saie without an head was striken into the throte and immediatlie rendred his spirit and the earle of Westmerlands brother and all his companie almost were there slaine at a place called Dintingdale not far from Towton This end had the lord Clifford which slue the earle of Rutland kneeling on his knees whose yoong sonne Thomas Clifford was brought vp with a sheepheard in poore habit euer in feare to be knowne till king Henrie the seuenth obteined the crowne by whom he was restored to his name and possessions When this conflict was ended at Ferribridge the lord Fauconbridge hauing the fore-ward bicause the duke of Norffolke was fallen sicke valiantlie vpon Palmesundaie in the twilight set foorth his armie and came to Saxton where he might apparantlie behold the host of his aduersaries which were accompted thréescore thousand men and thereof aduertised king Edward whose whole armie amounted to eight and fortie thousand six hundred and thréescore persons which incontinentlie with the earle of Warwike set forward leauing the rere-ward vnder the gouernance of sir Iohn Wenlocke sir Iohn Dinham and other And first of all he made proclamation that no prisoner should be taken So the same daie about nine of the clocke which was the nine and twentith daie of March being Palmesundaie both the hostes approched in a faire plaine field betweene Towton and Saxton When ech part perceiued other they made a great shout and at the same instant there fell a small sléete or snow which by violenee of the wind that blew against them was driuen into the faces of king Henries armies so that their sight was somewhat dimmed The lord Fauconbridge leading K. Edwards fore-ward caused euerie archer vnder his standard to shoot one flight which before he caused them to prouide and then made them to stand still The northerne men feeling the shot but by reason of the sléet not well viewing the distance betweene them and their enimies like forward men shot their theafe arrowes as fast as they might but all to losse for they came short of the southerne men by thréescore yards So their shot almost spent the lord Fauconbridge marched forward with his archers which not onelie shot their whole sheafes but also gathered the arrowes of their enimies and let a great part flie against their first owners and suffered a great sort of them to stand which sore troubled the legs of the northerne men when the battell ioined The earle of Northumberland and Andrew Trollop chiefe capteins of king Henries vawward séeing their shot not to preuaile hasted to ioine with their enimies and the other part slacked not their pase This battell was sore foughten for hope of life was set aside on either part taking of prisoners proclamed a great offense so euerie man determined to vanquish or die in the field This deadlie conflict continued ten houres in doubtfull state of victorie vncerteinlie heauing and setting on both
of victorie against their gainstanders But as commonlie the euents of enterprises fall out flat contrarie to mens expectation and hope so came it to passe with these whose hope though it were gréene and flourie in the prosecuting of their affaires yet in the knitting vp of the matter and vnluckie successe thereof it fell out in triall to be a flattering a false and a fruitlesse hope and therefore that is a true and a wise sentence of the comiall poet well seruing the purpose Insperata accidunt magis saepè quà m quae speres All this season was king Henrie in Scotland and quéene Margaret being in France found such line 10 friendship at the French kings hands that she obteined a crue of fiue hundred Frenchmen with the which she arriued in Scotland And after that she had reposed hir selfe a time she sailed with hir gallant band of those ruffling Frenchmen toward Newcastell and landed at Tinmouth But whether she were afraid of hir owne shadow or that the Frenchmen cast too manie doubts the truth is that the whole armie returned to their ships and a tempest rose so suddenlie that if she had not taken a small carauell and that with good spéed arriued at Berwike she had line 20 beene taken at that present time by hir aduersaries And although fortune was so fauourable to hir yet hir companie with stormie blasts was driuen on the shore before Banburgh castell where they set their ships on fire and fled to an Iland called holie Iland where they were so assailed by the bastard Ogle and an esquier called Iohn Manners with other of king Edward freends that manie of them were slaine and almost foure hundred taken prisoners but their coronell Peter Bressie otherwise called monsieur line 30 de Uarenne happened vpon a fisherman and so came to Berwike vnto queene Margaret who made him capteine of the castell of Alnewike which he with his Frenchmen kept till they were rescued Shortlie after quéene Margaret obteined a great companie of Scots and other of hir friends and so bringing hir husband with hir and leauing hir sonne called prince Edward in the towne of Berwike entered Northumberland tooke the castell of Banburgh line 40 and stuffed it with Scotishmen and made thereof capteine sir Rafe Greie and came forward toward the bishoprike of Durham When the duke of Summerset heard these newes he without delaie reuolted from king Edward and fled to king Henrie So likewise did sir Rafe Persie and manie other of the kings friends But manie mo followed king Henrie in hope to get by the spoile for his armie spoiled and burned townes and destroied fields whersoeuer he came King Edward aduertised of all these things prepared an armie both by sea and land line 50 Some of his ships were rigged and vittelled at Lin and some at Hull and well furnished with souldiers were herewith set foorth to the sea Also the lord Montacute was sent into Northumberland there to raise the people to withstand his enimies And after this the king in his proper person accompanied with his brethren and a great part of the nobilitie of his realme came to the citie of Yorke furnished with a mightie armie sending a great part thereof line 60 to the aid of the lord Montacute least peraduenture he giuing too much confidence to the men of the bishoprike and Northumberland might through them be deceiued The Lord Montacute then hauing such with him as he might trust marched foorth towards his enimies and by the waie was incountered with the lord Hungerford the lord Roos sir Rafe Persie and diuerse other at a place called Hegelie moore where suddenlie the said lords in maner without stroke striking fled and onelie sir Rafe Persie abode and was there manfullie slaine with diuerse other saieng when he was dieng I haue saued the bird in my bosome meaning that he had kept his promise and oth made to king Henrie forgetting belike that he in king Henries most necessitie abandoned him and submitted him to king Edward as before you haue heard The lord Montacute séeing fortune thus prosperouslie leading his saile aduanced forward learning by espials that king Henrie with his host was incamped in a faire plaine called Liuels on the water of Dowill in Examshire hasted thither and manfullie set on his enimies in their owne campe which like desperate persons with no small courage receiued him There was a sore foughten field and long yer either part could haue anie aduantage of the other but at length the victorie fell to the lord Montacute who by fine force entered the battell of his enimies and constreined them to flie as despairing of all succours In which flight and chase were taken Henrie duke of Summerset which before was reconciled to king Edward the lord Roos the lord Molins the lord Hungerford sir Thomas Wentworth sir Thomas Husseie sir Iohn Finderne and manie other King Henrie was a good horsseman that day for he rode so fast awaie that no man might ouertake him and yet he was so néere pursued that certeine of his henchmen were taken their horsses trapped in blue veluet and one of them had on his head the said king Henries helmet or rather as may be thought as some say his high cap of estate called Abacot garnished with two rich crownes which was presented to king Edward at Yorke the fourth day of Maie The duke of Summerset was incontinentlie beheaded at Exham the other lords and knights were had to Newcastell and there after a little respit were likewse put to death Beside these diuerse other to the number of fiue and twentie were executed at Yorke and in other places Sir Humfrie Neuill and William Tailbois calling himselfe earle of Kime sir Rafe Greie and Richard Tunstall with diuerse other which escaped from this battell hid themselues in secret places but yet they kept not themselues so close but that they were espied and taken The earle of Kime was apprehended in Riddesdale and brought to Newcastell and there beheaded Sir humfrie Neuill was taken in Holdernesse and at Yorke lost his head After this battell called Exham field king Edward came to the citie of Durham and sent from thence into Northumberland the earle of Warwike the lord Montacute the lords Fauconbridge Scroope to recouer such castels as his enimies there held and with force defended They first besieged the castell of Alnewike which sir Peter Bressie and the Frenchmen kept and in no wise would yéeld sending for aid to the Scots Whervpon sir George Dowglas erle of Angus with thirteene thousand chosen men in the day time came and rescued the Frenchmen out of the castell the Englishmen looking on which thought it much better to haue the castell without losse of their men than to leese both the castell and their men considering the great power of the Scots their owne small number and so they entered the castell and
the east hill also which if they might haue obteined the victorie had beene theirs as their foolish prophesiers told them before These northerne men incamped on the south hill the earle of Penbroke and the lord Stafford of Southwike were lodged in Banberie the daie before the field which was saint Iames daie and there the earle of Penbroke put the lord Stafford out of an Inne wherein he delighted much to be for the loue of a damosell that dwelled in the house and yet it was agréed betwixt them that which of them soeuer obteined first a lodging should not be displaced The lord Stafford in great despite departed with his whole band of archers leauing the earle of Penbroke almost desolate in the towne who with all diligence returned to his host lieng in the field vnpurueied of archers Sir Henrie Neuill sonne to the lord Latimer tooke with him certeine light horssemen and skirmished with the Welshmen in the euening iust before their campe where dooing right valiantlie but a little too hardilie aduenturing himselfe was taken and yeelded and yet cruellie slaine Which vnmercifull act the Welshmen sore rued the next day yer night for the northerne men sore displeased for the death of this noble man in the next morning valiantlie set on the Welshmen and by force of archers caused them quicklie to descend the hill into the vallie where both the hoasts fought The earle of Penbroke did right valiantlie and so likewise did his brother sir Richard Herbert in so much that with his polax in his hand he twise by fine force passed thorough the battell of his aduersaries and without anie hurt or mortall wound returned But sée the hap euen as the Welshmen were at point to haue obteined the victorie Iohn Clappam esquier seruant to the earle of Warwike mounted vp the side of the east hill accompanied onelie with fiue hundred men gathered of the rascals of the towne of Northampton and other villages about hauing borne before them the standard of the earle of Warwike with the white beare crieng A Warwike a Warwike The Welshmen thinking that the earle of Warwike had come on them with all his puissance suddenlie as men amazed fled the northerne men them pursued and slue without mercie so that there died of the Welshmen that daie aboue fiue thousand besides line 10 them that fled and were taken The earle of Penbroke and his brother sir Richard Herbert with diuerse gentlemen were taken and brought to Banberie where the earle with his brother and other gentlemen to the number of ten that were likewise taken lost their heads But great mone was made for that noble and hardie gentleman sir Richard Herbert being able for his goodlie personage and high valiancie to haue serued the greatest prince in christendome But what policie or puissance can either line 20 preuent or impugne the force of fate whose law as it standeth vpon an ineuitable necessitie so was it not to be dispensed withall and therfore destinie hauing preordeined the maner of his deth it was patientlie to be suffered sith puissantlie it could not be auoided nor politikelie preuented nor violentlie resisted for sua quenque dies ad funera raptat The Northamptonshire men with diuerse of the northerne men by them procured in this furie made them a capteine called Robert Hilliard but they named line 30 him Robin of Reddesdale and suddenlie came to Grafton where they tooke the earle Riuers father to the quéene and his son sir Iohn Wooduile whome they brought to Northampton and there beheaded them both without iudgement The king aduertised of these mischances wrote to the shiriffes of Summersetshire and Deuonshire that if they might by anie meanes take the lord Stafford of Southwike they should without delaie put him to death Herevpon search was made for him till at length he was line 40 found in a village within Brentmarch and after brought to Bridgewater where he was beheaded After the battell was thus fought at Hedgecote commonlie called Banberie field the northerne men resorted toward Warwike where the earle had gathered a great multitude of people which earle receiued the northerne men with great gladnes thanking sir Iohn Coniers and other their capteins for their paines taken in his cause The king in this meane time had assembled his power and was comming line 50 toward the earle who being aduertised thereof sent to the duke of Clarence requiring him to come and ioine with him The duke being not farre off with all speed repaired to the earle and so they ioined their powers togither and vpon secret knowledge had that the king bicause they were entered into termes by waie of communication to haue a peace tooke small héed to himselfe nothing doubting anie outward attempt of his enimies The earle of Warwike intending not to léese such line 60 opportunitie of aduantage in the dead of the night with an elect companie of men of warre as secretlie as was possible set on the kings field killing them that kept the watch and yer the king was ware for he thought of nothing lesse than of that which then hapned at a place called Wolnie foure miles from Warwike he was taken prisoner and brought to the castell of Warwike And to the intent his friends should not know what was become of him the earle caused him by secert iournies in the night to be conueied to Middleham castell in Yorkeshire and there to be kept vnder the custodie of the archbishop of Yorke and other his freends in those parties King Edward being thus in captiuitie spake euer faire to the archbishop and to his other kéepers so that he had leaue diuerse daies to go hunt Which exercise he vsed as it should séeme not so much for regard of his recreation as for the recouerie of his libertie which men esteeme better than gold and being counted a diuine thing dooth passe all the wealth pleasure and treasure of the world according to the old saieng Non bene profuluo libertas venditur auro Hoc coeleste bonum praeterit orbis opes Now on a daie vpon a plaine when he was thus abrode there met with him sir William Stanleie sir Thomas a Borough and diuers other of his friends with such a great band of men that neither his keepers would nor once durst moue him to returne vnto prison againe Some haue thought that his kéepers were corrupted with monie or faire promises and therfore suffred him thus to scape out of danger After that he was once at libertie he came to Yorke where he was ioifullie receiued and taried there two daies but when he perceiued he could get no armie togither in that countrie to attend him to London he turned from Yorke to Lancaster where he found his chamberleine the lord Hastings well accompanied by whose aid and such others as drew to him being well furnished he came safelie to the citie of London When the earle of
and good will of his chiefe councellors he gaue great pensions amounting to the summe of sixteene thousand crownes a yeere that is to saie to his chancellor to the lord Hastings his chiefe chamberleine a man of no lesse wit than vertue and of great authoritie with his maister and that not without cause for he had as well in time of aduersitie as in the faire flattering world well and trulie serued him and to the lord Howard to sir Thomas Montgomerie to sir Thomas Sentleger to sir Iohn Cheinie maister of the kings horsses to the marques Dorsset sonne to the queene and diuerse other he gaue great and liberall rewards to the intent to keepe himselfe in amitie with England while he wan and obteined his purpose and desire in other places These persons had giuen to them great gifts beside yearelie pensions For Argenton his councellor affirmed of his owne knowledge that the lord Howard had in lesse than the tearme of two yeares for reward in monie and plate foure and twentie thousand crownes at the time of this méeting he gaue to the lord Hastings the kings chiefe chamberleine as the Frenchmen write an hundred markes of siluer made in plate whereof euerie marke is eight ounces sterling But the English writers affirme that he gaue the lord Hastings foure and twentie doozen bolles that is to saie twelue doozen gilt twelue doozen vngilt euerie cup weieng seuentéene nobles which gift either betokened in him a great liberall nature or else a great and especiall confidence that he had reposed in the said lord chamberleine Beside this he gaue him yearelie two thousand crownes pension the which summe he sent to him by Piers Cleret one of the maisters of his house giuing him in charge to receiue of him an acquittance for the receipt of the same pension to the intent that it should appeare in time to come that the chancelor chamberleine admerall maisters of the horsses to the king of England and manie other of his councell had bin in fée and pensionaries of the French king whose yearelie acquittances the lord Hastings onelie excepted remaine of record to be shewed in the chamber of accounts in the palace of Paris When Piers Cleret had paied the pension to the lord Hastings he gentlie demanded of him an acquittance for his discharge Which request when he denied he then onlie asked of him a bill of thrée lines to be directed to the king testifieng the receipt of the pension to the intent that the king your maister should not thinke the pension to be imbeselled The lord Hastings although he knew that Piers demanded nothing but reason answered him Sir this gift commeth onelie of the liberall pleasure of the king his maister and not of my request if it be his determinat will that I shall haue it then put you it into my sléeue and if not I praie you render to him his gift againe for neither he nor you shall haue either letter acquittance or scroll signed with my hand of the receipt of anie pension to the intent to brag another daie that the kings chamberleine of England hath béene pensionarie with the French king shew his acquittance in the chamber of accounts to his dishonor Piers left his monie behind and made relation of all things to his maister which although that he had not his will yet he much more praised the wisdome and policie of the lord Hastings than of the other pensionaries coÌmanding him yearlie line 10 to be paied without anie discharge demanding When the king of England had receiued his monie and his nobiliâie their rewards he trussed vp his tents laded his baggage and departed towards Calis But yer he came there he remembring the craftie dissimulation and the vntrue dealing of Lewes earle of saint Paule high constable of France intending to declare him to the French king in his verie true likenesse and portrature sent vnto him two letters of credence written by the said line 20 constable with the true report of all such words and messages as had béene to him sent and declared by the said constable and his ambassadours Which letters the French king gladlie receiued and thankefullie accepted as the cheefe instrument to bring the constable to his death which he escaped no long season after such is the end of dissemblers When king Edward was come to Calis and had set all things in an order he tooke ship and sailed with a prosperous wind into England and was roiallie receiued vpon line 30 Blackheath by the maior of London and the magistrates and fiue hundred commoners apparrelled in murrie the eight and twentith daie of September and so conueied through the citie of Westminster where for a while after his long labour he reposed himselfe euerie daie almost talking with the queene his wife of the marriage of his daughter whome he caused to be called Dolphinesse thinking nothing surer than that marriage to take effect according to the treatie The hope of which marriage caused him line 40 to dissemble and doo things which afterward chanced greatlie to the French kings profit smallie to his About the same season the French king to compasse his purpose for the getting of the constable into his hands tooke truce with the duke of Burgognie for nine yeares as a contractor in the league and not comprehended as an other princes alie The king of England aduertised hereof sent ouer sir Thomas Montgomerie to the French king offering line 50 to passe the seas againe the next summer in his aid to make warres on the duke Burgognie so that the French king should paie to him fiftie thousand crownes for the losse which he should susteine in his custome by reason that the woolles at Calis bicause of the warres could haue no vent and also paie halfe the charges and halfe the wages of his souldiers and men of warre The French king thanked the king of England for his gentle offer but he alledged that the truce was alreadie concluded so that he could not line 60 then attempt anie thing against the same without reproch to his honour But the truth was the French king neither loned the sight nor liked the companie of the king of England on that side the sea but when he was here at home he both loued him as his brother and tooke him as his freend Sir Thomas Montgomerie was with plate richlie rewarded and so dispatched There returned with him the lord Howard and sir Iohn Cheinie which were hostages with the French king till the English armie were returned into England King Edward hauing established all things in good order as men might iudge both within his realme and without was yet troubled in his mind for that Henrie the earle of Richmond one of the bloud of king Henrie the sixt was aliue and at libertie in Britaine therefore to attempt eftsoones the mind of Francis duke of Britaine he sent ouer vnto the said duke one
treason and also least the delaieng of his execution might haue incouraged other mischiefous persons partners of his conspiracie to gather and assemble themselues togither in making some great commotion for his deliuerance whose hope being now by his well deserued death politikelie repressed all the realme should by Gods grace rest line 60 in good quiet and peace Now was this proclamation made within two houres after that he was beheaded and it was so curiouslie indicted so faire written in parchment in so well a set hand and therewith of it selfe so long a processe that euerie child might well perceiue that it was prepared before For all the time betwéene his death and the proclaming could scant haue sufficed vnto the bare writing alone all had it bene but in paper and scribled foorth in hast at aduenture So that vpon the proclaming thereof one that was schoolemaister of Powles of chance standing by and comparing the shortnesse of the time with the length of the matter said vnto them that stood about him Here is a gaie goodlie cast foule cast awaie for hast And a merchant answered him that it was written by prophesie Now then by and by as it were for anger not for couetise the protector sent into the house of Shores wife for hir husband dwelled not with hir and spoiled hir of all that euer she had aboue the value of two or three thousand markes and sent hir bodie to prison And when he had a while laid vnto hir for the maner sake that she went about to bewitch him and that she was of counsell with the lord chamberleine to destroie him in conclusion when that no colour could fasten vpon these matters then he laid heinouslie to hir charge that thing that hir selfe could not denie and that all the world wist was true and that nathelesse euerie man laughed at to heare it then so suddenlie so highlie taken that shee was naught of hir bodie And for this cause as a goodlie continent prince cleane and faultlesse of himselfe sent out of heauen into this vicious world for the amendment of mens maners he caused the bishop of London to put hir to open penance going before the crosse in procession vpon a sundaie with a taper in hir hand In which she went in countenance and pase demure so womanlie that albeit she were out of all araie saue hir kirtle onelie yet went she so faire and louelie namelie while the woondering of the people cast a comelie rud in hir cheeks of which she before had most misse that hir great shame wan hir much praise among those that were more amorous of hir bodie than curious of hir soule And manie good folks also that hated hir liuing glad were to see sin corrected yet pitied they more hir penance than reioised therin when they considered that the protector procured it more of a corrupt intent than anie vertuous affection This woman was borne in London worshipfullie friended honestlie brought vp and verie well maried sauing somewhat too soone hir husband an honest citizen yoong and godlie of good substance But forsomuch as they were coupled yer she were well ripe she not verie feruentlie loued him for whoÌ she neuer longed which was happilie the thing that the more easilie made hir incline vnto the kings appetite when he required hir Howbeit the respect of his roialtie the hope of gaie apparell ease and other wanton wealth was able soone to pearse a soft tender heart so that she became flexible and pliant to the kings appetite and will being so blinded with the bright glorie of the present courtlie brauerie which shée inioied that she vtterlie forgat how excellent a treasure good name and fame is and of what incomparable swéetnesse euen by the iudgement of him whose match for wisdome the world neuer bred vp saieng Sunt optanda magis purae bona nomina famae Nobilis vnguenti quà m pretiosus odor But when the king had abused hir anon hir husband as he was an honest man and one that could his good not presuming to touch a kings concubine left hir vp to him altogither When the king died the lord chamberleine tooke hir which in the kings daies albeit he was sore inamoured vpon hir yet he forbare hir ether for reuerence or for a certeine friendlie faithfulnesse Proper she was and faire nothing in hir bodie that you would haue changed but if ye would haue wished hir somewhat higher Thus saie they that knew hir in hir youth Albeit some that now sée hir for yet she liueth deem hir neuer to haue béene well visaged whose iudgement seemeth me somewhat like as though men should gesse the beautie of one long before departed by hir scalpe taken out of the charuell house For now is she old leane withered and dried vp nothing left but riuelled skin and hard bone And yet being euen such who so well aduise hir visage might gesse and deuise which parts how filled would make it a faire face Yet delighted not men so much in hir beautie as in hir pleasant behauiour For a proper wit had she and could both read well and write merrie in companie readie and quicke of answer neither mute nor full of bable somtime tawnting without displeasure and not without disport The king would saie that he had thrée concubins which in thrée diuerse properties diuerslie excelled One the merriest line 10 another the wiliest the third the holiest harlot in his realme as one whome no man could get out of the church lightlie to any place but it were to his bed The other two were somewhat greater personages and nathelesse of their humilitie content to be namelesse and to forbeare the praise of those properties but the meriest was this Shores wife in whom the king therefore tooke speciall pleasure For manie he had but hir he loued whose fauour to say the truth for sin it were to beelie the diuell she neuer abused to anie mans hurt but to manie a mans comfort line 20 and reléefe Where the king tooke displeasure shée would mitigate and appease his mind where men were out of fauour she would bring them in his grace For manie that had highlie offended shée obteined pardon Of great forfeitures she gat men remission Finallie in manie weightie sutes she stood manie a man in great stead either for none or verie small rewards and those rather gaie than rich either line 30 that she was content with the déed it selfe well doone or for that she delighted to be sued vnto and to shew what she was able to doo with the king or for that wanton women and wealthie be not alwaies couetous I doubt not some shall thinke this woman too slight a thing to be written of and set among the remembrances of great matters which they shall speciallie thinke that happilie shall estéeme hir onelie by that they now sée hir But me séemeth the chance so much the more worthie line 40 to be
himselfe as king had it shewed vnto him that he should not reigne but his vncle shuld haue the crowne At which word the prince sore abashed line 30 began to sigh and said Alas I would my vncle would let me haue my life yet though I leese my kingdome Then he that told him the tale vsed him with good words and put him in the best comfort he could But foorthwith was the prince and his brother both shut vp all other remooued from them onelie one called Blacke Will or William Slaughter excepted set to serue them and sée them sure After which time line 40 the prince neuer tied his points nor ought rought of himselfe but with that yoong babe his brother lingered with thought and heauinesse vntill this traitorous death deliuered them of that wretchednesse For sir Iames Tirrell deuised that they should be murthered in their beds To the execution whereof he appointed Miles Forrest one of the foure that kept them a fellow fleshed in murther before time To him he ioined one Iohn Dighton his owne horssekéeper a big broad square and strong knaue line 50 Then all the other being remooued from them this Miles Forrest and Iohn Dighton about midnight the séelie children lieng in their beds came into the chamber suddenlie lapping them vp among the clothes so to bewrapped them and intangled them keeping downe by force the fether-bed and pillowes hard vnto their mouths that within a while smoothered and stifled their breath failing they gaue vp to God their innocent soules into the ioies of heauen leauing to the tormentors their bodies dead in the line 60 bed Which after that the wretches perceiued first by the strugling with the paines of death and after long lieng still to be thoroughlie dead they laid their bodies naked out vpon the bed and fetched sir Iames to sée them which vpon the sight of them caused those murtherers to burie them at the staire foot meetlie déepe in the ground vnder a great heape of stones Then rode sir Iames in great hast to king Richard and shewed him all the maner of the murther who gaue him great thanks and as some saie there made him knight But he allowed not as I haue heard the burieng in so vile a corner saieng that he would haue them buried in a better place bicause they were a kings sonnes Lo the honourable coucourage of a king Whervpon they saie that a priest of sir Robert Brakenberies tooke vp the bodies againe and secretlie interred them in such place as by the occasion of his death which onelie knew it could neuer since come to light Uerie truth is it and well knowne that at such time as sir Iames Tirrell was in the Tower for treason committed against the most famous prince king Henrie the seauenth both Dighton and he were examined and confessed the murther in maner aboue written but whither the bodies were remooued they could nothing tell And thus as I haue learned of them that much knew and little cause had to lie were these two noble princes these innocent tender children borne of most roiall bloud brought vp in great wealth likelie long to liue reigne and rule in the realme by traitorous tyrannie taken depriued of their estate shortlie shut vp in prison and priuilie slaine and murthered their bodies cast God wot where by the cruell ambition of their vnnaturall vncle his despiteous tormentors Which things on euerie part well pondered God neuer gaue this world a more notable example neither in what vnsuertie standeth this worldlie weale or what mischeefe worketh the proud enterprise of an high heart or finallie what wretched end insueth such despiteous crueltie For first to begin with the ministers Miles Forrest at S. Martins péecemeale rotted awaie Dighton in déed yet walketh on aliue in good possibilitie to be hanged yer he die But sir Iames Tirrell died at the Tower hill beheaded for treason King Richard himselfe as ye shall hereafter heare slaine in the field hacked and hewed of his enimies hands haried on horsse-backe dead his haire in despite torne and tugged like a curre dog and the mischéefe that he tooke within lesse than three yeares of the mischeefe that he did and yet all in the meane time spent in much paine trouble outward much feare anguish and sorow within For I haue heard by credible report of such as were secret with his chamberleine that after this abhominable déed doone he neuer had a quiet mind Than the which there can be no greater torment For a giltie conscience inwardlie accusing and bearing witnesse against an offendor is such a plague and punishment as hell it selfe with all the féends therein can not affoord one of greater horror affliction the poet implieng no lesse in this tristichon Poena autem vehemens ac multo saeuior illis Quas Caeditius grauis inuenit Radamanthus Nocte diéque suum gestare in pectore testem He neuer thought himselfe sure Where he went abroad his eies whirled about his bodie priuilie fensed his hand euer vpon his dagger his countenance and maner like one alwaies readie to strike againe he tooke ill rest a nights laie long waking and musing sore wearied with care and watch rather slumbered than slept troubled with fearefull dreames suddenlie sometime start vp lept out of his bed and ran about the chamber so was his restlesse heart continuallie tossed and tumbled with the tedious impression and stormie remembrance of his abhominable déed Now had he outward no long time in rest For herevpon soone after began the conspiracie or rather good confederation betweene the duke of Buckingham and manie other gentlemen against him The occasion where vpon the king and the duke fell out is of diuerse folke in diuerse wise pretended This duke as I haue for certeine béene informed as soone as the duke of Glocester vpon the death of king Edward came to Yorke there had solemne funerall seruice for king Edward sent thither in the most secret wise he could one Persall his trustie seruant who came to Iohn Ward a chamberer of like secret trust with the duke of Glocester desiring that in the most close and couert maner he might be admitted to the presence and spéech of his maister And the duke of Glocester aduertised of his desire caused him in the dead of the night after all other folke auoided to be brought vnto him in his secret chamber where Persall after his maisters recommendations shewed him that he had secret sent him to shew him that in this new world he would take such part as he would wait vpon him with a thousand good fellowes if need were line 10 The messenger sent backe with thanks some secret instruction of the protectors mind yet met him againe with further message from the duke his master within few daies after at Notingham whither the protector from Yorke with manie gentlemen of the north countrie to the
was displeased and so returned to Brecknocke to you But in that iournie as I returned whither it were by the inspiration of the Holie-ghost or by melancholious disposition I had diuerse and sundrie imaginations how to depriue this vnnaturall vncle and bloudie butcher from his roiall seat and princelie dignitie First I santised that if I list to take vpon me the crowne and imperiall scepter of the realme now was the time propice and conuenient For now was the waie made plaine and the gate opened and occasion giuen which now neglected should peraduenture neuer take such effect and conclusion For I saw he was disdeined of the lords temporall abhored and accurssed of the lords spirituall detested of all gentlemen and despised of all the communaltie so that I saw my chance as perfectlie as I saw mine owne image in a glasse that there was no person if I had béene gréedie to attempt the enterprise could nor should haue woone the ring or got the gole before me And on this point I rested in imagination secretlie with my selfe two daies at Tewkesburie From thence so iournieng I mused and thought that it was not best nor conuenient to take vpon me as a conqueror For then I knew that all men and especiallie the nobilitie would with all their power withstand me both for rescuing of possessions and tenures as also for subuerting of the whole estate laws and customes of the realme such a power hath a conqueror as you know well inough my lord But at the last in all this doubtfull case there sprang a new branch out of my head which suerlie I thought should haue brought forth faire floures but the sunne was so hot that they turned to drie wéeds For I suddenlie remembred that the lord Edmund duke of Summerset my grandfather was with king Henrie the sixt in the two and thrée degrées from Iohn duke of Lancaster lawfullie begotten so that I thought sure my mother being eldest daughter to duke Edmund that I was next heire to king Henrie the sixt of the house of Lancaster This title pleased well such as I made priuie of my counsell but much more it incouraged my foolish desire and eleuated my ambitious intent insomuch that I cléerelie iudged and in mine owne mind was determinatlie resolued that I was indubitate heire of the house of Lancaster and therevpon concluded line 10 to make my first foundation and erect my new building But whether God so ordeined or by fortune it so chanced while I was in a maze either to conclude suddenlie on this title to set it open amongst the common people or to keepe it secret a while sée the chance as I rode betweene Worcester and Bridgenorth I incountered with the ladie Margaret countesse of Richmond now wife vnto the lord Stanlie which is the verie daughter and sole heire to lord Iohn duke of Summerset my grandfathers line 20 elder brother which was as cleane out of my mind as though I had neuer séene hir so that she and hir sonne the earle of Richmond be both bulworke and portcullice betwéene me and the gate to enter into the maiestie roiall and getting of the crowne Now when we had communed a little concerning hir sonne as I shall shew you after and were departed shée to our ladie of Worcester and I to Shrewsburie I then new changed and in maner amazed began to dispute with my selfe little considering line 30 that thus my earnest title was turned to a tittell not so good as Est Amen Eftsoones I imagined whether were best to take vpon me by election of the nobilitie and communaltie which me thought easie to be done the vsurper king thus being in hatred and abhorred of this whole realme or to take it by power which standeth in fortunes chance and difficile to be atchiued and brought to passe Thus tumbling and tossing in the waues of ambiguitie betwéene the stone and the sacrifice I considered first the office dutie and line 40 paine of a king which suerlie thinke I that no mortall man can iustlie and trulie obserue except he be called elected and speciallie appointed by God as K. Dauid and diuerse other haue beéne But further I remembred that if I once tooke on me the scepter and the gouernance of the realme that of two extreame enimies I was dailie sure but of one trustie friend which now a daies be gone a pilgrimage I was neither assured nor crediblie ascerteined such is the worlds mutation For I manifestlie perceiued that the daughters of king Edward line 50 and their alies and freends which be no small number being both for his sake much beloued and also for the great iniurie manifest tyrannie doone to them by the new vsurper much lamented and pitied would neuer ceasse to barke if they cannot bite at the one side of me Semblablie my coosine the earle of Richmond his aids and kinsfolks which be not of little power will suerlie attempt like a fierce greihound either to bite or to pearse me on the other side So that my life and rule should euer hang line 60 by a haire neuer in quiet but euer in doubt of death or deposition And if the said two linages of Yorke and Lancaster which so long haue striued for the imperiall diadem should ioine in one against me then were I suerlie mated and the game gotten Wherefore I haue cléerelie determined and with my selfe concluded vtterlie to relinquish all such fantasticall imaginations concerning the obteining of the crowne But all such plagues calamities and troubles which I feared and suspected might haue chanced on me if I had taken the rule and regiment of this realme I shall with a reredemaine so make them rebound to to our common enimie that calleth himselfe king that the best stopper that he hath at tenice shall not well stop without a fault For as I told you before the counfesse of Richmond in my returne from the new named king méeting me in the high waie praâed me first for kinred sake secondarâlie for the loue that I bare to my grandfather duke Humfrie which was sworne brother to hir father so mooue the king to be good to hir sonne Henrie earle of Richmond and to licence him with his fauour to returne againe into England And if it were his pleasure so to doo she promised that the earle hir sonne should marrie one of king Edwards daughters at the appointment of the king without anie thing to be taken or demanded for the said espousals but onelie the kings fauour which request I soone ouerpassed and gaue hir faire words and so departed But after in my lodging when I called to memorie with a deliberate studie and did circumspectlie ponder them I fullie adiudged that the Holie-ghost caused hir to mooue a thing the end whereof she could not consider both for the securitie of the realme as also for the preferment of hir child and the destruction and finall confusion of the common enimie king
gaue the pope to drinke of the same wine which Ualentinois had sent who arriuing while his father was drinking drunke also of the same wine being but iust that they both should tast of the same cup which they had brued for the destruction of others All the towne of Rome ran with great gladnesse to saint Peters about the dead bodie of the pope their eies not satisfied to sée ded and destroied a serpent who with his immoderate line 50 ambition and poisoned infidelitie togither with all the horrible examples of crueltie luxurie and monstruous couetousnesse selling without distinction both holie things and prophane things had infected the whole world And yet was he accompanied with a most rare almost perpetuall prosperitie euen from his yoong age to the end of his life desiring alwaies great things and obteining most often that he desired An line 60 example of much importance to confound the arrogancie of those men who presuming to know and sée perfectlie with humane eies the depth of Gods iudgements doo assure that what happeneth either good or ill to mortall men procéedeth either of their merits or faults as though we saw not dailie manie good men vniustlie tormented wicked persons aboue their deseruings liue in case and honour wherein who makes an other interpretation derogates the iustice and power of God the greatnesse of which being not to be conteined within any scripts or tearms present knoweth how well and largely to discerne in an other time and place the iust from the vniust and that with rewards and eternall punishments In the meane time he powreth out his vengeance vpon the imaginers of mischéefe in this life so prouiding as that they are caught in their owne snares and ouertaken with such destruction as they had prepared for others according to that saieng of the Psalmist Effodit puteum foueámque eduxit ab imo Et miser in latebras incidit ipse suas In verticem ipsius recurrit Pernicies recidúntque fraudes At the same time died Giles lord Dawbenie the kings chéefe chamberleine whose office Charles bastard sonne to Henrie last duke of Summerset occupied and enioied a man of good wit and great experience Soone after the king caused Guidebald duke of Urbine to be elected knight of the order of the garter in like maner as his father duke Frederike had béene before him which was chosen and admitted into the order by king Edward the fourth Sir Gilbert Talbot and the other two ambassadors being appointed to kéepe on their iournie vnto pope Iulie the second elected after the death of the said Pius the third bare the habit and collar also vnto the said duke Guidebald which after he had receiued the same sent sir Balthasar Castalio knight a Mantrian borne as his orator vnto king Henrie which was for him installed according to the ordinances of the order This yeare that worthie prelate Thomas Sauage archbishop of Yorke departed this life at his castell of Cawood a man beside the worthinesse of his birth highlie estéemed with his prince for his fast fidelitie and great wisedome He bestowed great cost in repairing the castell of Cawood and the manor of Scrobie His bodie was buried at Yorke but he appointed by his testament that his hart should be buried at Macclesfield in Cheshire where he was borne in a chapell there of his foundation ioining to the south side of the church meaning to haue founded a college there also if his purpose had not béene preuented by death After him succeeded doctor Benbridge in the archbishops sée of Yorke being the fiftie and sixt archbishop that had sat in that see About this same time Lewes the French king the twelfe of that name who succéeded Charles the eighth that died at Amboise the night before the eighth daie of Aprill of a catarrhe which the physicians call an apoplexie the same rising in him with such aboundance as he beheld a match plaied at tennisse that in few houres he ended at the same place his life during the which he had with greater importunitie than vertue troubled the whole world with great apparance of danger to kindle eftsoones new fiers of innouation and troubles maried his eldest daughter named Clare vnto Francis de Ualois Dolphin of Uienne and duke of Angolesme which ladie was promised vnto Charles the king of Castile wherevpon by ambassadors sent to and fro betwixt king Henrie and the said king of Castile a mariage was concluded betwixt the said king of Castile and the ladie Marie daughter to king Henrie being about the age of ten yeares For conclusion of which mariage the lord of Barow other ambassadors were sent into England from the emperor Maximilian which with great rewards returned ¶ William Browne mercer maior of London this yeare deceassed year 1508 and foorthwith sir Laurence Ailmer draper was chosen and sworne and went home in a graie cloake with the sword borne before him on the eight and twentith daie of March. Item he tooke his oth at the Tower and kept no feast William Capell was put in sute by the king for things by him doone in his maioraltie Also Thomas Kneisworth that had beene maior of London and his shiriffes were sent to the kings Bench till they were put to their fines of foureteene hundred pounds In the moneth of Iune the citie of Norwich was sore perished neere consumed with fier that began in a Frenchmans house named Peter Iohnson a surgian in the parish of saint George Stephan Genings merchant tailor maior of London founded a free grammar schoole at Wlfrunehampton in Staffordshire with conuenient lodgings for the maister and vsher in the same place where he was borne He gaue lands sufficient line 10 for the maintenance leauing the ouersight thereof to the merchant tailors in London who haue hitherto iustlie dealt in that matter and also augmented the building there Maister Nichols who maried the onelie daughter and heire of the aforesaid Stephan Genings gaue lands to mainteine the pauements of that towne Also Iohn Leneson esquier about Anno 1556 gaue lands whereof foure pounds should be dealt euerie yeare on good fridaie to the poore people of Wlfrunehampton and six and twentie line 20 shillings eight pence yéerelie towards the reparation of the church there Moreouer about Anno 1566 sir Iohn Ligh a préest which had serued in that church there the space of thréescore years for fiue pounds six shillings eight pence the yeare without anie other augmentation of his liuing who would neuer take anie benefice or other preferment gaue twentie pounds to purchase twentie shillings the yeare lands the same to be giuen yearelie for euer to the poore of Wlfrunehampton line 30 vpon good fridaie twelue pounds thirteene shillings foure pence to purchase a marke a yeare lands the same to be giuen to the poore of Chifnall in the countie of Salope where the said Ligh was borne This man liued
pencels and cushins where was soong a solemne dirige and a masse with a sermon made by the bishop of Rochester During which time the kings houshold and the mourners reposed them in the bishops palace The next daie the corps in like order was remooued towards Westminster sir Edward Howard bearing the kings baner on a courser trapped in the armes of the deceased king In Westminster was a curious hearse made of nine principals all full of lights which were lighted at the comming of the corps which was taken out of the charriot by six lords and set vnder the hearse the image or the representation lieng vpon the cushin on a large pall of gold The hearse was double railed within the first railes sat the mourners and within the second raile stood knights bearing baners of saints and without the same stood officers of armes When the mourners were set Gartier king at armes cried For the soule of the noble prince king Henrie the seauenth latâ king of this realme then the quire began Placebo and so soong dirige which being finished the mourners departed into the palace where they had a void and so reposed for that night The next daie were thrée masses solemnelie soong by bishops and at the last masse was offered the kings baner and courser his coat of armes his sword his target and his helme and at the end of masse the mourners offered vp rich palles of cloath of gold and baudekin and when the quire sang Libera me the bodie was put into the earth Then the lord treasuror lord steward lord chamberleine the treasuror and comptrollor of the kings houshold brake their staues and cast them into the graue Then Gartier cried with a lowd voice Viue le roy Henrie le huictesme roy d'Angleterre de France sire d'Irland Then all the mourners and all other that had giuen their attendance on this funerall obsequie departed to the palace where they had a great and a sumptuous feast Woonder it were to write of the lamentation that was made for this prince amongst his seruants and other of the wisest sort and the ioie that was made for his death by such as were troubled by rigour of his law yet the toward hope which in all points appeared in the yoong king did both repaire and comfort the heauie hearts of them which had lost so wise and sage a prince and also did put out of the minds of such as were releeued by the said kings death all their old grudge and rancor and confirmed their new ioie by the new grant of his pardon After that the funerals of the said late king were once ended great preparation was made for the coronation of the new king which was appointed on Midsummer daie next insuing During the time of which preparation the king was aduised by some of his councell to take to wife the ladie Katharine late wife to his brother prince Arthur least she hauing so great a dowrie as was appointed to hir might marrie out of the realme which should be to his hinderance The king being hereto persuaded espoused the said ladie Katharine the third daie of Iune the which marriage was dispensed with by pope Iulie at the sute of hir father king Ferdinando On the eleuenth daie of this moneth of Iune the king came from Gréenewich to the Tower ouer London bridge and so by Grace church with whome came manie a gentleman richlie apparelled but speciallie the duke of Buckingham which had a gowne all of goldsmiths line 10 worke verie costlie On fridaie the two and twentith day of Iune the king with the quéene being in the Tower of London made foure and twentie knights of the Bath And the morow following being saturdaie the foure and twentith of Iune his grace with the quéene departed from the Tower through London the streets being hanged with tapestrie and cloth of arras verie richlie and a great part of the south side of Cheape with cloth of gold so was some part of Cornehill The stréets were railed barred on the one side from line 20 ouer against Grace church to Bredstréet in Cheapeside where euerie occupation stood in their liueries in order beginning with base and meane occupations and so ascending to the worshipfull crafts Highest and lastlie stood the maior with the aldermen The goldsmiths stals vnto the end of the Old change being replenished with virgins in white with branches of white wax the priests and clearkes in rich copes with crosses and censers of siluer with censing his line 30 grace and the queene also as they passed The features of his bodie his goodlie personage his amiable visage princelie countenance with the noble qualities of his roiall estate to euerie man knowen néedeth no rehersall considering that for lacke of cunning I cannot expresse the gifts of grace and of nature that God indued him with all Yet partlie to describe his apparell it is to be noted his grace ware in his vppermost apparell a robe of crimsin veluet furred with ermins his iacket or line 40 coat of raised gold the placard imbrodered with diamonds rubies emerands great pearles and other rich stones a great bauderike about his necke of great balasses The trapper of his horsse damaske gold with a deepe purfle of ermins His knights and esquiers for his bodie in crimsin veluet and all the gentlemen with other of his chappell and all his officers and houshold seruants were appareled in scarlet The barons of the fiue portes bare the canopie or cloth of estate For to recite vnto you the great estates by name the order of their going the number line 50 of the lords spirituall temporall knights esquiers and gentlemen and their costlie and rich apparell of seuerall deuises and fashions who tooke vp his horsse best or who was richest beseene it would aske long time and yet I should omit manie things and faile of the number for they were verie manie wherefore I passe ouer But this I dare well saie there was no lacke or scarsitie of cloth of tissue cloth of gold cloth of siluer broderie or of goldsmiths works but in more plentie and aboundance than hath beene séene line 60 or read of at anie time before and thereto manie and great numbers of chaines of gold bauderikes both massie and great Also before the kings highnesse rode two gentlemen richlie apparelled and about their bodies ouerthwart they bare two robes the one of the duchie of Guien and the other for the duchie of Normandie with hats on their heads powdered with ermins for the estate of the same Next followed two persons of good estate the one bearing his cloke the other his hat apparelled both in goldsmiths worke and broderie their horsses trapped in burned siluer drawen ouer with cordes of gréene silke and gold the edges and borders of their apparell being fretted with gold of damaske After them came sir Thomas Brandon master of the kings
libertie fearing to fall further in disgrace of the French king by whose practise it was supposed that Barnabie gaue him the fatall drinke This was but whispered secretlie the author being no lesse doubtfull than the coniectures vncerteine He died if we consider the common opinion of men in verie great glorie and felicitie not so much line 60 for that by the surprising of Millan he saw himselfe deliuered of dangers expenses intollerable which hauing drained him of all store of monie and treasure he was constreined to aduance all meanes and maners for his supplie and reléeuing but also that a verie few daies afore his death he receiued aduertisement of the taking of Plaisanca and the verie daie he died newes came to him of the winning of Parâa a matter so greatlie desired by him that at such time as he debated to mooue warre against the Frenchmen it is verie well remembred that he said vnto the cardinall de Medicis labouring to dissuade hiâ that as he was in nothing more caried to the desiâe of that warre than to recouer to the church those two cities so when so euer God should blesse him with the effect of that desire it would not gréeue him to die He was a prince in whom were manie things worthie to be commended blamed and in the estate discourse of his life he deceiued greatlie the expectation that was had of him when he was created pope for that in his gouernement was great discretion but farre lesse bountie than was looked for After the death of the pope doctor Richard Pace was sent to Rome to make fréends in the behalfe of the cardinall of Yorke who was brought into a vaine hope thorough the kings fauour and furtherance to be elected pope But Adrian the sixt of that name was chosen before doctor Pace could come to Rome and so that sute was dashed ¶ This Adrian bishop of Derchuso after great contention in the college of cardinals touching the election of a new pope was preferred to the custome of lotting of voices in the conclaue without anie affection or parcialitie of voice he was of nation a Fleming in his youth hauing béene schoolemaister to Cesar and by his meane made cardinall vnder pope Leo did at that time gouerne Spaine in the absence of Cesar. And as there began some voices to publish for him so cardinall Xisto one of that election began vnder an oration speciall to recount and amplifie his vertues and knowledge by whose example certeine other cardinals yeelded and the residue from hand to hand followed though more by constraint than councell Thus was he chosen with the voices of all the cardinals and had his creation perfected the same morning Wherein this was to be woondered at that euen those that had elected him could giue no reason why amid so manie troubles dangers in the estate ecclesiastike they had raised to the souereigne sée a stranger a forrener and of long absence out of the countrie wherin were helping no respects of fauor no consideration of former merits nor anie conuersation had with anie of the other cardinals yea they scarselie knew his name he had neuer béene in Italie and had no hope nor cogitation to see it of which strauagant maner of dealing being not able to excuse themselues they attributed all to the working of the Holie-ghost who is woont for so they alleged to inspire the hearts of the cardinals in the electing of popes he receiued newes of his election in the towne of Uictoria in Biskaie and would not haue imposed vpon him anie other name than his owne which he caused to be published vnder Adrian the sixt Now he made his entrie into Rome the nine and twentith of August with a great concourse of the commons and the whole court of whome albeit his comming was desired with an vniuersall gladnesse for that without the presence forsooth of the popes Rome beareth more a resemblance of a sauage desart than of a citie yet that spectacle wrought sundrie impressions and diuersities of thoughts in the minds of all men when they considered that they had a pope for nation and language a stranger and for the affaires of Italie and the court altogither vnexperienced and also for that he was not of those regions and countries who by long conuersation were alreadie made familiar with the customes of Italie The enuie that stirred vp in men this consideration was redoubled by the accident of the plague which beginning in Rome at his arriuall afflicted the citie during the whole season of Autumne to the great calamitie and losse of the people a matter which in the fansies of men was construed to an euill prognostication of his pontificacie Nowithstanding this election of Adrian as you heare accomplished yet doctor Pace kept his iournie according to his commission This Pace was a right worthie man and one that gaue in counsell faithfull aduise Learned he was also and indued with many excellent good gifts of nature courteous pleasant and delighting in musike highlie in the kings fauour and well heard in matters of weight But the more the prince fauoured him the more was he misliked of the cardinall who sought onelie to beare all the rule himselfe and to haue no partener so that he procured that this doctor Pace vnder color of ambassage should be sent foorth of the realme that his presence about the king should not win him too much authoritie and fauour at the kings hands line 10 This yeare was a great death in London and other places of the realme Manie men of honour and great worship died and amongest other the bishop of London doctor Fitz Iames in whose place was doctor Tunstall elected The earle of Surrie returned out of Ireland and came to the court the fiue and twentith of Ianuarie Manie complaints were made by the merchants to the king and his councell of the Frenchmen year 1523 which spoiled them by sea of their goods For by reason that the wars were open betwixt the line 20 emperour and the French king manie ships of warre were abroad on both parts and now and then the Englishmen fell into their hands and were vsed as enimies namelie by the Frenchmen which naturallie hated the Englishmen The French kings ambassadors promised restitution of euerie thing but little was restored In this moneth of Ianuarie therefore the king commanded all his ships to be rigged and made readie which was doone with all diligence line 30 On the second daie of Februarie the king as then being at Gréenewich receiued a bull from the pope whereby he was declared Defendor of the Christian faith likewise his successors for euer The cardinall of Yorke sang the high masse that daie with all the pompous solemnitie that might be and gaue cleane râmission of sinnes to all that heard it This title was ascribed vnto the king bicause he had written a booke against Luther in Germanie
would forsake their habit and all that were vnder the age of foure and twentie yéeres and the residue were closed vp that would remaine Further they tooke order that no men should haue accesse to the houses of women nor women to the houses of men except it should be to heare their seruice The abbat or prior of the house where anie of the brethren was willing to depart was appointed to giue to euerie of them a priests gowne for his habit and fortie shillings in monie the nunnes to haue such apparell as secular women ware and to go whither them liked best ¶ The eleuenth of Nouember was a great procession at London for âoie of the French kings recouerie of health from a dangerous sicknesse ¶ In December a surueie was taken of all chanteries and the names of them that had the gift of them The princesse Dowager ââeng at Kâimbalton fell into hir last sicknesse whereof the king being aduertised appointed the emperors ambassador that was legier here with him named Eustachius Caputius to go to visit hir and to doo his commendations to hir and will hir to be of good comfort The ambassador with all diligence did his duetie therein comforting hir the best he might but she within six daies after perceiuing hir selfe to wax verie weake and féeble and to féele death approching at hand caused one of hir gentlewomen to write a letter to the king commending to him hir daughter and his beseeching him to stand good father vnto hir and further desired him to haue some consideration of hir gentlewomen that had serued hir and to sée them bestowed in marriage Further that it would please him to appoint that hir seruants might haue their due wages and a yéeres wages beside This in effect was all that she requested and so immediatlie herevpon she departed this life the eight of Ianuarie at Kimbalton aforesaid and was buried at Peterborow ¶ The nine and twentith of Ianuarie quéene Anne was deliuered of a child before hir time which was borne dead On the fourth of Februarie the parlement began in the which amongst other things enacted all religious houses of the value of three hundred marks and vnder were giuen to the king with all the lands and goods to them belonging The number of these houses were thrée hundred seauentie and six the value of their lands yearlie aboue two and thirtie thousand pounds their moouable goods one hundred thousand the religious persons put out of the same houses amounted to the number of aboue 10000. This yéere was William Tindall burnt at a towne betwixt Bruxels and Maclin called Uillefort This Tindall otherwise called Hichins was borne in the marches of Wales and hauing a desire to translate and publish to his countrie diuerse books of the bible in English and doubting to come in trouble for the same if he should remaine here in England got him ouer into the parties of beyond the sea where he translated not onelie the new testament into the English toong but also the fiue bookes of Moses Iosua Iudicum Ruth the books of the kings and Paralipomenon Nehemias or the first of Esdras and the prophet Ionas Beside these translations he made certeine tretises and published the same which were brought ouer into England and read with great desire of diuerse and of many sore despised and abhorred so that proclamations were procured foorth for the condemnation and prohibiting of his ââoks as before you haue heard Finallie he was apprehended at Antwerpe by meanes of one Philips an Englishman and then scholer at Louaine After he had remained in prison a long time and was almost forgotten the lord Cromwell wrote for his deliuerance but then in all hast because he would not recant anie part of his doctrine he was bârned as before you haue heard Of whose conuersation and doctrine innocent in the world and sincere for truth as also of his death and martyrdome read the martyrolologie of Iohn Fox our ecclesiasticall chronographer Anno 1536. sub Hen. 8. On Maie daie were solemne iusts kept at Gréenwich and suddenlie from the iusts the king departed not hauing aboue six persons with him and in the euening came to Westminster Of this sudden departing many mused but most chéeflie the quéene ¶ On the next morrow the lord Rochford brother to the quéene and Henrie Norris were brought to line 10 the tower of London prisoners Also the same daie about fiue of the clocke in the after noone queene Anne of Bullongne was brought to the tower of London by sir Thomas Audleie lord chancellor the duke of Norffolke Thomas Cromwell secretarie and sir William Kingston constable of the tower and when she came to the tower gate entring in âhe fell on hir knées before the said lords beséeching God to helpe hir as she was not guiltie of that whereof she was accused and then desired the said lords to line 20 beséech the kings grace to be good vnto hir and so they left hir there prisoner On the fiftéenth of Maie quéene Anne was arreigned in the tower of London on a scaffold for that purpose made in the kings hall before the duke of Norffolke who sate vnder the cloth of estate as high steward of England with the lord chancellor on his right hand the duke of Suffolke on his left hand with marquesses and lords c and the earle of Surrie sat before the duke of Norffolke his father as earle marshall of England The kings commission being read the constable line 30 of the tower and the lieutenant brought the queene to the barre where was made a chaire for hir to sit downe in and there hir indictement was read wherevnto she made so wise and discréet answers that she seemed fullie to cleere hir selfe of all matters laid to hir charge but being tried by hir péeres whereof the duke of Suffolke was chiefe she was by them found guiltie and had iudgement pronounced by the duke of Norffolke line 40 Immediatlie the lord Rochford the queenes brother was likewise arreigned and condemned the lord maior of London his brethren the aldermen the wardens and foure persons mo of euerie the twelue principall companies being present The seauenteenth of Maie the lord Rochford brother to the quéene Henrie Norris Marke Smeton William Brierton and Francis Weston all of the kings priuie chamber about matters touching the quéene were beheaded on the tower hill the lord Rochfords line 50 bodie with the head was buried in the chappell of the tower the other foure in the churchyard there On the ninetéenth of Maie quéene Anne was on a scaffold made for that purpose vpon the gréene within the tower of London beheaded with the sword of Calis by the hands of the hangman of that towne hir bodie with the head was buried in the quéere of the chappell in the tower The words of queene Anne line 60 at hir death GOod christian people I am come hither to
chappell as he crossed ouer the stréet from his house to the church was suddenlie murthered with a gun the cracke whereof was heard of the line 30 neighbors and of a great number of laborers that stood at Soper lane end and saw the said Packington go foorth of his house but there was such a thicke mist that morning as the like had not béene séene by couert whereof the murtherer found shift the more easilie to escape Manie were suspected but none found in fault albeit forsomuch as he was one that would speake his mind freelie and was at the same time one of the burgesses of the parlement for the citie of London line 40 and had talked somewhat against the couetousnesse and crueltie practised by the cleargie it was mistrusted least by some of them he came thus to his end At length the murtherer in déed was condemned at Banburie in Oxfordshire to die for a fellonie which he afterwards committed and when he came to the gallowes on which he suffered he confessed that he did this murther and till that time he was neuer had in anie suspicion thereof ¶ The nine and twentith of March were twelue of the Lincolneshire rebels line 50 drawne to Tiburne and there hanged and quartered fiue of them were priests the residue laie men One of the priests was doctor Makarell and an other was the vicar of Louth About this season the maner of casting pipes of lead for the conueiance of water vnder the ground without occupieng of soulder to the same was inuented by Robert Brocke clearke then one of the kings chapleins an inuention right necessarie for the sauing of expenses for two men and a boie will line 60 doo that in one daie which before could not be doone by manie men in manie daies Robert Cooper goldsmith was the first that made the instruments and put this inuention in practise ¶ In the verie beginning of this yeare certeine commissioners being sent into Summersetshire to take vp corne the people began to make an insurrection but by the wisedome and diligence of yoong master Paulet others the same was suppressed and the beginners thereof to the number of thréescore were apprehended condemned and fourtéene of them were hanged and quartered one of the number being a woman the residue were saued by the kings mercifull pardon In Iune the lord Darcie the lord Huseie were arreigned at Westminster before the marquesse of Excester then high steward where they were found guiltie and had iudgement as in cases of high treason Shortlie after also were arreigned sir Robert Constable sir Thomas Persie sir Francis Bigod sir Stephan Hamilton sir Iohn Bulmer and his wife or rather as some report his paramour also William Lomleie Nicholas Tempest William Thurst abbat of Founteins Adam Subburie abbat of Ierueux William Wold prior of Birlington also the abbat of Riuers and Robert Aske They were all found guiltie of high treason and all put to death Sir Robert Constable was hanged in chains ouer Beuerleie gate at Hull and Robert Aske was also hanged in chains on a tower at Yorke and Margaret Cheineie sir Iohn Bulmers paramour burnt in Smithfield in London The other suffered at Tiburne In the latter end of Iune was the lord Darcie beheaded at the Tower hill and shortlie after the lord Huseie was likewise beheaded at Lincolne This yeare at saint Georges feast was the lord Cromwell made knight of the garter In October on saint Edwards euen which falleth on the twelft of that moneth at Hampton court the quéene was deliuered of hir sonne named Edward for whose birth great ioie was made thorough the realme with thanksgiuing to almightie God who had sent such a yoong prince to succéed his father in the crowne of this realme as afterwards he did by the name of king Edward the sixt His godfathers at the fontstone were the archbishop of Canturburie the duke of Norffolke the ladie Marie was his godmoother and at the bishopping the duke of Suffolke was his godfather On the eightéenth of October he was made prince of Wales duke of Cornewall and erle of Chester But as ioie is often mixed with sorrow so at that time it came to passe by the death of his moother that noble and vertuous ladie queene Iane which departed out of this life the fourteenth daie of this moneth of October to the great griefe of the whole realme but namelie the king hir husband tooke it most grieuouslie of all other who remoouing to Westminster there kept himselfe close a great while after The eight of Nouember the corps of the quéene was caried to Windsor with great solemnitie and there buried in the midst of the quire in the castell church There was also a solemne hearse made for hir in Paules church and funerall exequies celebrated as well as in all other churches within the citie of London Thus was the king left againe a widower and so continued the space of two yeares togither Upon the death of which quéene Iane and the birth of prince Edward hir son this distichon following was made Phoenix Iana iacet nato Phoenice dolendum Saecula Phoenices nulla tulisse duas The king held his Christmas at Gréenewich and as well he as all the court ware mourning apparell till the morrow after Candlemas daie then he and all other changed year 1538 This yeare Edward Seimer vicount Beauchampe the quéenes brother was created earle of Hertford sir William Fitzwilliams lord high admerall was created earle of Southhampton ¶ and master Paulet was made vicetreasuror sir Iohn Russell comptrollor of the kings house master Henedge master Long master Kneuet of the kings priuie chamber knights master Coffin master Liftar master Seimer the quéenes brother knights On Allhallowes euen the lord Thomas Howard brother to the duke of Norffolke died prisoner in the Tower of London and was buried at Thetford and then the ladie Margaret Dowglas was pardoned and released out of the Tower The foure and twentith of Februarie being sundaie the rood of Boxleie in Kent called the rood of grace made with diuerse vices to mooue the eies and lips was shewed at Paules crosse by the preacher which was the bishop of Rochester and there it was broken and plucked in peeces The fiue and twentith of Februarie sir Ihon Allen priest and also an Irish gentleman of the Garets were hanged quartered at Tiburne The second of March the image of the rood called saint Sauior line 10 at Bermonseie abbeie in Southworke was taken downe by the kings commandement The one and twentith of March Henrie Harsam customer of Plimmouth and Thomas Ewell were hanged and quartered at Tiburne In Maie a frier obseruant called frier Forrest was apprehended for that he was knowne in secret confessions to haue declared to manie of the kings liege people that the king was not supreame head of the church
immediatlie sent to the tower and three daies after Connesbie was committed thither also They remained there in ward about ten daies and were then deliuered Sir Humfreie Browne was the kings sargeant at law sir Nicholas Hare was one of the kings councellors and speaker of the parlement who being then depriued was now againe thereto restored William Connesbie was attorneie of the dutchie of Lancaster In this parlement were freelie granted without contradictions foure fiftéenes and a subsidie of two shillings of lands and twelue pence of goods toward the kings great charges of making Bâlworkes The eighteenth of Aprill at Westminster was Thomas lord Cromwell created earle of Essex and ordeined great chamberleine of England which office the earles of Oxford were woont euer to enioie also Gregorie his sonne was made lord Cromwell The foure and twentith of Aprill Thomas lord Audleie chancellor of England with sir Anthonie Browne maister of the kings horsses were made knights of the night honourable order of the garter On Maie daie was a great triumph of iusting at Westminster which iusts had beene proclaimed in France Flanders Scotland and Spaine for all commers that would against the challengers of England which were sir Iohn Dudleie sir Thomas Seimer sir Thomas Poinings sir George Carew knights Anthonie Kingston and Richard Cromwell esquiers which said challengers came into the lists that daie richlie apparelled and their horsses trapped all in white veluet with certeine knights and gentlemen riding afore them apparelled all in white veluet and white sarsenet and all their seruants in white dublets and hozen cut after the Burgonion fashion and there came to iust against them the said daie of defendants fortie six the earle of Surrie being the formost lord William Howard lord Clinton and lord Cromwell sonne and heire to Thomas Cromwell earle of Essex and chamberleine of England with other which were richlie apparelled And that day sir Iohn Dudleie was ouerthrowne in the field by mischance of his horsse by one master line 10 Breme defendant neuerthelesse he brake diuerse speares valiantlie after that And after the said iusts were doone the said challengers rode to Durham place where they kept open houshold and feasted the king and quéene with hir ladies and all the court The second of Maie Anthonie Kingston Richard Cromwell were made knights at the said place The third of Maie the said challengers did tournie on horssebacke with swords against them came nine and twentie defendants sir Iohn Dudleie and the line 20 earle of Surrie running first who in the first course lost both their gantlets and that daie sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew master Palmer in the field off his horsse to the great honor of the challengers On the fift of Maie the said challengers fought on foot at the barriers and against them came thirtie defendants which fought valiantlie but sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew that daie at the barriers master Culpeper in the field The said challengers brake vp their houshold after line 30 they had kept open hospitalitie and feasted the king quéene and all the lords beside all the knights and burgesses of the common house in time of the parlement and the maior aldermen and all their wiues to their no small honor though great expense In the parlement which began the eightéenth of Aprill last past the religion of saint Iohns in England commonlie called the order of knights of the Rhodes was dissolued on the ascension day being the fift of Maie sir William Weston knight prior line 40 of saint Iohns departed this life for thought as was reported which he tooke to the heart after he heard of that dissolution of his order ¶ For the king tooke all the lands that belonged to that order into his hands to the augmentation of his crowne and gaue vnto euerie of the challengers aboue written for a reward of their valiantnesse a hundred marks and a house to dwell in of yearelie reuenues out of the said lands for euer The same moneth were sent to the Tower doctor line 50 Samson bishop of Chichester and doctor Wilson for reléeuing certeine traitorous persons and for the same offense was one Richard Farmer a grocer of London a rich and welthie man and of good estimation in the citie committed to the Marshalseie after at Westminster hall arreigned and atteinted in the premunire so that he lost all his goods ¶ The ninth daie of Iulie Thomas lord Cromwell late made earle of Essex as before you haue heard being in the councell chamber was suddenlie apprehended committed line 60 to the Tower of London the which manie lamented but more reioised and speciallie such as either had béene religious men or fauoured religious persons for they banketed triumphed togither that night manie wishing that that daie had béene seuen yeares before some fearing that he should escape although he were imprisoned could not be merie Other who knew nothing but truth by him both lamented him and heartilie praied for him But this is true that of certeine of the cleargie he was detestablie hated and speciallie such as had borne swinge and by his meanes were put from it for in déed he was a man that in all his dooings seemed not to fauor anie kind of poperie nor could not abide the snuffing pride of some prelats which vndoubtedlie whatsoeuer else was the cause of his death did shorten his life and procured the end that he was brought vnto which was that the ninteenth daie of the said moneth he was atteinted by parlement and neuer came to his answer which law manie reported that he caused first to be made howbeit the plaine truth thereof I know not The articles for which he died appeare in the records where his attaindor is written which are too long here to be rehearsed but to conclude he was there atteinted of heresie and high treason and the eight twentith of Iulie was brought to the scaffold on the Tower hill where he said these words following The words of the lord Cromwell spoken at his death I Am come hither to die and not to purge my selfe as may happen some thinke that I will for if I should so doo I were a verie wretch and a miser I am by the law condemned to die and thanke my Lord God that hath appointed me this death for mine offense For since the time that I came to yeares of discretion I haue liued a sinner and offended my Lord God for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse And it is not vnknowne to manie of you that I haue beene a great traueller in the world and being but of a base degree was called to high estate And since the time I came therevnto I haue offended my prince for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse and beseech you all to praie to God with me that he will forgiue me O Father forgiue me O Sonne forgiue me O Holie ghost
of the chandrie with seare cloths the yeoman of the skullerie with a pan of fire to heate the irons a chafer of water to coole the ends of the irons and two formes for all officers to set their stuffe on the sergeant of the cellar with wine ale and béere the yeoman of the yewrie in the sergeants stead who was absent with bason ewre and towels Thus euerie man in his office readie to doo the execution there was called foorth sir William Pickering knight marshall to bring in the said Edmund Kneuet and when he was brought to the bar the chiefe iustice declared to him his trespasse and the said Kneuet confessing himselfe to be giltie humblie submitted him to the kings mercie for this offense he was not onelie iudged to lose his hand but also his bodie to remaine in prison and his lands and goods at the kings pleasure Then the said sir Edmund Kneuet desired that the king of his benigne grace would pardon him of his right hand and take the left for quoth he if my right hand be spared I maie hereafter doo such good seruice to his grace as shall please him to appoint Of this submission and request the iustices foorthwith informed the king who of his goodnesse considering the gentle heart of the said Edmund and the good report of the lords granted him his pardon that he should lose neither hand lands nor goods but should go frée at libertie The lord Leonard Greie being indicted of certeine points of treason by him committed as was alledged against him during the season that he was the kings lieutenant in Ireland to wit for deliuering his nephew Girald Fitzgerard brother vnto Thomas Fitzgerard before executed and also for that he caused certeine Irishmen to inuade the lands of the kings friends whome he fauoured not on the fiue and twentith of Iune he was arreigned at Westminster in the kings bench and appointed to be tried by knights because he was a lord by name and no lord of the parlement but he discharged the iurie and confessed the indictement wherevpon he had iudgement and on the eight and twentith of Iune being saint Peters euen he was beheaded at tower hill where he ended his life verie quietlie and godlie This noble man as he was come of high linage so was he a right valiant and hardie personage hauing in his time doone his prince and countrie good seruice both in Ireland France and other places greatlie to his commendation although now his hap was thus to loose his head as conuicted by law and his renowme ouercast with a cloud of disgrace vanished as future chances befell to the abolishing of the present honor which sometime he inioied Howbeit his estimation he might haue preserued vnblemished had prouident circumspection vndertaken the direction of his dooings and that he had borne his eies in his forehead to foresee all afterclaps which a wise man will in no case neglect line 10 Nam sapiens in fronte oculos habet omnia spectans Omnia prudenti cum ratione videns The same daie that he suffered there was executed at saint Thomas Waterings thrée gentlemen Iohn Mantell Iohn Frowds and george Roidon they died for a murther committed in Sussex as their indictement imported in companie of Thomas Fines lord Dacres of the south The truth whereof was thus The said lord Dacres through the lewd persuasion of some of them as hath béene reported line 20 meaning to hunt in the parke of Nicholas Pelham esquire at Laughton in the same countie of Sussex being accompanied with the said Mantell Frowds and Roidon Iohn Cheinie and Thomas Isleie gentlemen Richard Middleton and Iohn Goldwell yeomen passed from his house of Hurstmonseux the last of Aprill in the night season toward the same parke where they intended so to hunt and comming vnto a place called Pikehaie in the parish of Hillingleie they found one Iohn Busbrig Iames Busbrig and Richard Sumner standing togither and line 30 as it fell out through quarelling there insued a fraie betwixt the said lord Dacres and his companie on the one partie and the said Iohn and Iames Busbrig and Richard Sumner on the other insomuch that the said Iohn Busbrig receiued such hurt that he died thereof the second of Maie next insuing Wherevpon as well the said lord Dacres as those that were there with him and diuerse other likewise that were appointed to go an other waie to méet line 40 them at the said parke were indicted of murther and the seauen and twentith of Iune the lord Dacres himselfe was arreigned before the lord Audleie of Walden then lord chancellor sitting that daie as high steward of England with other péeces of the realme about him who then and there condemned the said lord Dacres to die for that transgression And afterward the nine and twentith of Iune being saint Peters daie at eleuen of the clocke in the forenoone the shiriffs of London accordinglie as they line 50 were appointed were readie at the tower to haue receiued the said prisoner and him to haue lead to execution on the tower hill But as the prisoner should come forth of the tower one Heire a gentleman of the lord chancellors house came and in the kings name commanded to staie the execution till two of the clocke in the afternoone which caused manie to thinke that the king would haue granted his pardon But neuerthelesse at three of the clocke in the same afternoone he was brought forth of the tower line 60 and deliuered to the shiriffs who lead him on foot betwixt them vnto Tiburne where he died His bodie was buried in the church of saint Sepulchers He was not past foure and twentie yéeres of age when he came through this great mishap to his end for whome manie sore lamented and likewise for the other thrée gentlemen Mantell Frowds and Roidon But for the sad yoong lord being a right towardlie gentleman and such a one as manie had conceiued great hope of better proofe no small mone and lamentation was made the more indéed for that it was thought he was induced to attempt such follie which occasioned his death by some light heads that were then about him The first of Iulie a Welshman a minstrell was hanged and quartered for singing of songs which were interpreted to be prophesies against the king This summer the king tooke his progresse to Yorke and passed through Lincolneshire where was made to him an humble submission by the temporaltie and confessing their faults they humblie thanked him for his pardon which he had granted them The towne of Stanford gaue to him twentie pounds the citie of Lincoln fortie pounds Boston fiftie pounds that part of the shire which is called Linscie gaue thrée hundred pounds and Kesterne and the church of Lincolne presented him with fiftie pounds At his entring into Yorkeshire he was met with two hundred gentlemen of the same shire in cotes of veluet and foure
line 50 made The seauenteenth of Februarie the lord protector was created duke of Summerset the earle of Essex was created marquesse of Northhampton the lord Lisle high admerall of England was created earle of Warwike and high chamberlaine of England sir Thomas Wriothesleie lord chancellour was created earle of Southhampton sir Thomas Seimer was aduanced to the honour of lord of Sudleie and high admerall of England which office the earle of Warwike then resigned sir Richard Rich was made lord Rich and sir William Willoughbie was created lord Willoughbie of Parrham sir Edmund Sheffield was made lord Sheffield of Butterwike and as saith a late writer of this action Vt quisque est ditione potentior auctus honore Et noua virtutis sumens insignia fulget At the same time great preparation was made for the kings coronation so that the foure and twentith of Februarie next insuing his maiestie came from the Tower and so rode through London vnto Westminster with as great roialtie as might be the stréets being hoong and pageants in diuerse places erected to testifie the good willes of the citizens reioising that it had pleased God to deale so fauourablie with the English nation to grant them such a towardlie yoong prince to their king and souereigne thus to succéed in place of his noble father ¶ Now as he rode through London toward Westminster and passed on the south part of Pauls churchyard an Argosine came from the battlements of the stéeple of Paules church vpon a cable being made fast to an anchor by the deanes gate lieng on his breast aiding himselfe neither with hand nor foot and after ascended to the middest of the cable where he tumbled and plaied manie pretie toies whereat the king and the nobles had good pastime The morrow after being Shrouesundaie and the fiue and twentith of Februarie his coronation was solemnized in due forme and order with all the roialtie and honour which therevnto apperteined Shortlie after the coronation to wit the sixt of March the erle of Southhampton lord chancellour of England for his too much repugnancie as was reported in matters of councell to the residue of the councellors about the king was not onelie depriued of his office of chancellor but also remooued from his place and authoritie in councell and the custodie of the great seale was taken from him and deliuered vnto sir William Paulet lord Saint-Iohn that was lord great maister of the kings houshold Also shortlie after his coronation the kings maiestie by the aduise of his vncle the lord protector and other of his priuie councell minding first of all to séeke Gods honor and glorie and therevpon intending a reformation did not onelie set foorth by certeine commissioners sundrie iniunctions for the remoouing of images out of all churches to the suppressing and auoiding of idolatrie and superstition within his realmes and dominions but also caused certeine homilies or sermons to be drawne by sundrie godlie learned men that the same might be read in churches to the people which were afterward by certeine of these commissioners sent foorth as visitors accompanied with certeine preachers thâroughout the realme for the better instruction of the people published and put in vre At Easter next following he set out also an order thorough all the realme that the supper of the lord should be ministred to the laie people in both kinds ¶ On the fifteenth of Maie doctor Smith recanted at Paules crosse All these things doone concerning religion as before is said the lord protector and the rest of the councell calling to mind the euill dealing and craftie dissimulation of the Scots concerning the matter of line 10 marriage betwixt the kings maiestie and the quéene of Scotland which marriage as ye haue heard in the fiue and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the eight was by authoritie of parlement in Scotland fullie concluded thought it not to stand with the kings honor to be in such maner by them deluded and withall considering how greatlie it shuld turne to the quietnesse and safetie of both realmes to haue these two princes conioined in matrimonie they did deuise line 20 sundrie waies and meanes how the same might be brought to passe and the rather as some doo write for that king Henrie before his death had giuen them in speciall charge by all indeuours to procure that the said marriage might take place as wholie wishing by the coniunction of those two yoong princes the vniting of the two kingdoms in perpetuall amitie and faithfull league of loue as our poet saith Optat coniugio duo regna coire fideli Aeternam pacem hinc aeternáque foedera iungi line 30 But the lords of Scotland were so inueigled and corrupted by the French king and abused by cardinall Beton archbishop of saint Andrewes and other of their clergie that they not onelie shranke from that which they had promised but also sought to destroie those that fauored the king of Englands part wherevpon a great and puissant armie was now prepared to passe by land into Scotland and likewise a nauie to passe by sea to attend vpon the same whereof the great gallie and foure and twentie tall ships were thoroughlie furnished with men and munition line 40 for the warres besides manie merchants ships and other small vessels which serued for carriage of vittels and other necessaries But now to shew what noble men and other were ordeined officers and assigned to haue the conduction as well of the armie by land as of the fleete by sea ye shall vnderstand that first the duke of Summerset lord protector tooke vpon him to go himselfe in person as generall of the whole armie and capteine line 50 also of the battell or middle-ward wherin were foure thousand footmen The marshall erle of Warwike appointed lord lieutenant of the same armie led the fore-ward conteining thrée thousand footmen The lord Dacres gouerned in the rere-ward wherein were other thrée thousand footmen The lord Greie of Wilton was ordeined high marshall of the said armie capteine generall of all the horssemen being in number six thousand Sir Rafe Sadler knight treasuror of the armie Sir Francis Brian knight capteine of the light horssemen in number two thousand line 60 Sir Rafe Uane knight lieutenant of all the men of armes and demilances Sir Thomas Darcie knight capteine of all the kings maiesties pensioners and men at armes Sir Richard Leigh knight deuiser of the fortifications Sir Peter Mewtas knight capteine of the harquebutters which were in number six hundred Sir Peter Gamboa knight capteine of two hundred harquebutters on horssebacke Sir Francis Fleming knight was master of the ordinance Sir George Blaag sir Thomas Holcroft commissioners of the musters Edward Shelleie the lord Greies lieutenant of the men of armes of Bullongne who was the first that gaue the onset in the daie of battell and died most honorablie in the same Iohn Brenne capteine
earldome of Glocester as noteth Iohn Beuer in these words Richardus haeres comitis Glouerniae Margaretam filiam Hoberti de Burgo comitis Cantiae in vxorem accepit This Hubert of Burow was a verie old man who after manie persecutions by the king and after so manie chances of both fortunes departed this world on the fourth ides of Maie in the line 50 yeare of our redemption 1243 being the seuen and twentith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third at his manour of Banstud or Bansted Whose bodie was honorablie caried to London and there buried in the church of the frier preachers to whom in his life he had giuen great gifts and amongst other things his goodlie place which stood not far from the palace of earle Richard of Cornewall as I with some probable reasons coniecture néere vnto Westminster which afterward the archbishop of Yorke did procure His wife the countesse of Kent line 60 being likewise verie old a woman that kept verie great hospitalitie and that was well beloued died in the yeare of Christ 1259 being the three and fortith yeare of Henrie the third about sixteene years after the death of the earle hir husband Walter Greie archbishop of Yorke was made protector of the realme in this sort The French king hauing vniustlie giuen the earldome of Poitiers to his brother Adulphus Hugh Brune earle of March the greatest of the nobilitie in that prouince would not doo homage vnto Adulphus but wrote his letters to his son in law king Henrie the third whose mother Eleanor he had married that if he would come into those parts he should haue both aid of men and furniture of war for the perfect restoring of those dominions to the crowne of England For which cause Henrie the third assembling his power did with his brother Richard then latelie returned froÌ Ierusalem depart the realme in the yéere of our redemption 1242 being the six twentith yeare of his gouernment into Poitiers left the administration of the kingdome to Walter Greie archbishop of Yorke whilest he should remaine in those parts Which office the said archbishop held also in the yéere of Christ 1243 being the seauen and twentith yéere of king Henrie the third Of this man is more mention made in my collection of the chancellors of England in this place onelie further setting downe that this Walter died in the yeere of Christ 1255 being about the nine and thirtith yeare of this Henrie the third as hath Anonymus M. S. Eleanor daughter to Reimond earle of Prouince wife to king Henrie the third and quéene of England with Richard earle of Cornewall the kings brother to whose custodie was committed Edward Longshanks being after king of England by the name of Edward the first son to the said king Henrie were in the yéere of our redemption 1253 being the seuen and thirtith yeere of the reigne of king Henrie the third appointed gouernors and protectors of the realme in the kings absence whilest he went into Gascoine whither he went to pacifie the nobilitie and to kéepe the same in safetie from the French And because my pen hath here fallen vpon Richard earle of Cornwall I determine to say somewhat of him in this place not hauing other occasion offered to me therefore This Richard the son of king Iohn was borne in the yeare of Christ 1208 being the tenth yeare of the reigne king Iohn He was made and so called earle of Poitiers by Henrie the third about the ninth yéere of his reigne in the yéere of Christ 1225 who also that yéere with his vncle William earle of Sarisburie went into Poitiers where he was ioifullie receiued he putteth the earle of March to flight he recouereth that which was lost in Gascoine he went into the holie land refuseth the kingdome of Apulia offered vnto him he is chosen emperor and receiueth that honor at Colen being there crowned king of the Romans he subdued Alfonsus competitor with him for the empire he after returneth into England he is an enimie to Simon Montfort and the barons rebelling against his brother king Henrie the third he is taken prisoner by the barons and is afterward deliuered he was created knight and earle of Cornwall in the yeare of our redemption 1225 as hath Matthew Westminster but as saith William Packington he was created earle of Cornwall in the yeare of Christ 1227. He married foure wiues if that Elisabeth his first wife and Isabell the widow of Gilbert de Clare were not all one woman But leauing that to further knowledge I doo for this time make them but one person for so in truth it must be whatsoeuer otherwise shall be shewed in mistaking their names Elizabeth that was his first wife as noteth Leland was buried in the quéere of Belland being that woman which is called Isabell and was the daughter of William Marshall earle of Penbroke surnamed the great and the widow of Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester was maried to this erle of Cornwall in the yeare of our Lord 1231 being the fiftéenth yeare of king Henrie the third This Isabell died in the yeare of our redemption 1240 being the foure and twentith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third after this manner For she being great with child and néere to the time of hir deliuerance fell into Merâum ictericum or the hicket and deliuering a child into the world which had life and was baptised by the name of Nicholas they both presentlie died therevpon Which thing when the earle vnderstood being then on his iourneie into Cornwall he burst out in teares and greatlie lamented that losse Wherefore hastilie returning and leauing his former iourneie he honorablie buried his wife at Belland or Beauleu an house of religion builded by king Iohn from the foundation and replenished with Charterhouse moonks line 10 His second wife was Sinthia or Sanclia daughter to Reimond earle of Prouince and sister to the queene of England wife to king Henrie the third brother to the said Richard earle of Cornwall who maried the said Sinthia in the yeare of our redemption 1243 being the seuen and twentith yéere of the reigne of king Henrie the third Leland also appointeth to him the third wife which was Beatrix de Famastais whom he calleth quéene of Almaine wife to king Richard brother to Henrie the third Which ladie died in the yere of our redemption 1277 being line 20 the sixt yéere of Edward the first and was buried at the friers minors in Oxford This noble Richard erle of Cornwall died in Februarie at Berkhamsted in the yeare of Christ 1271 in the fiue and fiftith yeare of king Henrie the third as saie Matthew Paris and Matthew Westminster but Nicholas Triuet referreth his death to the yeare 1270 being the foure and fiftith yéere of Henrie the third and the chronicle belonging to Euesham to the yeare 1272 being the six and fiftith yeare of Henrie the third After whose
earle of March Rafe Ergume bishop of Salisburie and William lord Latimer with others of whome for the most part the people had conceiued a good opinion yet bicause the said bishop of Salisburie and the lord Latimer were associat to the rest and of equall authoritie with them the commons murmured greatlie against them The cause for which they so misliked the lord Latimer was for that he had sometimes bin too much fauouring to dame Alice Piers concubine to king Edward the third to whome the said lord Latimer was chiefe chamberleine therefore was of him best be loued which two persons the lord Latimer and dame Alice were by parlement in the fiftith yeare of Edward the third remooued from the king for that they miscounselled him but especiallie sith much mischiefe grew in the realme by the same Alice Piers. For she being now exalted in pride by ouermuch loue of K. Edward the third would beyond the modestie and maner of women sit in iudgement with the kings iustices be with the doctors in the consistorie turne sentences to what side she would and require manie things dishonest in themselues and dishonourable to the king Of line 10 which woman an old written chronicle belonging to the house of Euesham hath deliuered to me these words Alicia Piers regis concubina supra modum mulierum nimis supergressa sui etiam sexus fragilitatis foemineae immemor nunc iuxta iusticiarios regios nunc in foro ecclesiastico iuxta doctores sedendo pro defensione causarum suadere etiam contra iura postulare minimè verebatur vnde propcer scandalum-petierunt ab illo which was the king penitùs amoueri in parlemento tento anno Domini 1376 50 Ed. 3. Thus that author line 20 And here before I go anie further with my protectors bicause some curious heads that find not all these matters in the records of the tower which they dailie turne with a churlish hand or else thinke that nothing maie be knowne out of the walles of their office will séeme to séeke a knot in a rush and saie that I in compasse of some few lines haue written a contrarietie in saieng that Iohn of Gaunt thirsted after the kingdome and for that cause hastened the death of his elder brother prince Edward the blacke line 30 as Richard the third did the death of his brother George duke of Clarence which intent could not possiblie be in Iohn of Gaunt as appeareth by my owne following words where I saie that he gaue ouer the protectorship of his nephue bicause he would auoid all suspicion of euill gouernement which hée would neuer haue doone if he had so ment that place being so apt for the execution of his purpose and might giue occasion to him that neuer ment anie such matter before to attempt it being in that place line 40 as Richard duke of Yorke did attempt but not performe it in the time of Henrie the sixt and as Richard duke of Glocester being in the same office of protectorship did not onelie attempt it but brought to perfection Wherevnto I answer that all this is no contrarietie but onelie a manifest shew and confirmation the one part of my words to the other For sith he could not in the life of his father Edward the third before the crowning of king Richard the second as Richard the third did atteine the crowne he line 50 would not now attempt it the king being once crowned and in full possession of the kingdome so rashlie and vnaduisedlie as did Richard duke of Yorke against Henrie for which he was in the end slaine least that thereby his part might séeme to carie the face of a rebellion as in truth it should haue doone For whosoeuer either for colour of God benefit to their countrie or for whatsoeuer cause lift vp the sword against a crowned king sitting at the sterne of gouernement being one of the gods of the line 60 earth the same must needs tend vnto a rebellion which Iohn of Gaunt would not seeme to execute for that cause leauing off his purpose at that time he did in the end also leaue the whole matter to his son to performe especiallie sith he afterward perceiued Richard the second so much to fauor and further him with monie munition and men to recouer the kingdome of Castile Arragon in Spaine in the right of the wife of the said Iohn of Gaunt To whom and to his wife as hath Henrie Knighton king Richard the second gaue a seuerall crowne of gold to honour them withall to shew how intierlie he loued them when they both went into Spaine And for these causes the said Iohn of Gaunt refused the oportunitie of time place in the king his nephues minoritie to execute it But did he cease it so No. For that sparke although it were a litle cooled was not vtterlie quenched bicause he hastened the same in his son whom he not onelie persuaded but furthered after the banishment of his said sonne Henrie of Bullingbrooke by Richard the second in the life of said Iohn of Gaunt to returne into England and after his death to chalenge by sword the earldome of Lancaster his right inheritance and vnder the same to reuenge the death of the duke of Glocester and others and by that means when Richard the second was out of the realme of England in Ireland the said Henrie Bullingbrooke sonne of Iohn of Gaunt entered the realme put downe the king and got the crowne which his father sought Thus this much digressing from the protectors and to returne to that course which I haue in hand I will leaue the discourse of policies to obteine kingdoms bicause they be no balles for me to bandie and follow on my former intent as meeter for my simplicitie Thomas Beauchampe earle of Warwike was in the third yeare of Richard the second being the yeare of our redemption 1380 made protector in this sort In the parlement holden the same yeare at the speciall sute of the lords and of the commons the bishops and barons chosen as you haue heard before by Iohn of Gaunt to be protectors of the realme were remoued and the earle of Warwike especiallie elected to that function to remaine continuallie with the king as chéefe gouernor of his roiall person one that should giue answer to all forreners repairing thither vpon what cause soeuer their comming were hauing further as ample gouernment of the kingdome giuen vnto him as the other remoued gouernors had Being placed in that office by the duke of Lancaster he died the sixt ides of Aprill in the yeare of Christ 1401 being the third yeare of Henrie the fourth He maried Margaret the daughter of William lord Ferrers of Grobie by whome he had issue Richard earle of Warwike Thomas Fitzalane otherwise called Arundell bishop of Elie the two and twentith that inioied that seat being two and twentie yeares of age and the son of Richard
could not prosper so long as she kept in hir hands any possessions of the church did frankelie and freelie resigne and render vnto them all those reuenues ecclesiasticall line 20 which by the authoritie of parlement in the time of king Henrie had béene annexed to the crowne called the first fruits and tenths of all bishopricks benefices and ecclesiasticall promotions The resignation whereof was a great diminution of the reuenues of the crowne ¶ In this parlement was granted to the king queene a subsidie of the laitie from fiue pounds to ten pounds eight pence of the pound from ten pounds to twentie pounds twelue pence of the pound from twentie pounds vpward sixtéene line 30 pence of the pound and all strangers double and the cleargie granted six shillings of the pound Doctor Storie and other were appointed by the cardinall to visit euerie parish church in London and Middlesex to see their relikes repared and the images of the crucifix with Marie and Iohn therevpon to be fixed During the time of this parlement Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England died at his house called Winchester place beside saint Marie Oueries in Southworke the ninth daie of Nouember whose corps was shortlie line 40 after solemnly from thence conueied to his church of Winchester there buried The maner of whose death why should I blush to blaze as I find it by report ¶ One mistresse Mondaie being the wife of one maister Mondaie secretarie sometime to the old lord Thomas duke of Norffolke a present witnes of this that is testified thus openlie reported in the house of a worshipfull citizen bearing office in this citie in words and effect as followeth The same daie line 50 when as bishop Ridleie and maister Latimer suffered at Oxford being about the ninetéenth daie of October there came to the house of Stephan Gardiner the old duke of Norffolke with the foresaid Mondaie his secretarie aboue named reporter héerof The old aged duke there waiting and tarieng for his dinner the bishop being not yet disposed to dine deferred the time till three or foure of the clocke at after noone At length about foure of the clocke commeth his seruant posting in all possible spéed from Oxford line 60 bringing intelligence to the bishop what he had heard and séene of whom the said bishop diligentlie inquiring the truth of the matter hearing by his man that fire most certeinlie was set vnto them commeth out reioising to the duke Now saith he let vs go to dinner Wherevpon they being set downe meat immediatlie was brought and the bishop began merilie to eate but what followed The blouddie tyrant had not eaten a few bits but the sudden stroke of God his terrible hand fell vpon him in such sort as immediatlie he was taken from the table so brought to his bed where he continued the space of fiftéene daies in such intollerable anguish and torments that all that meane while during those fifteene daies he could not auoid by order of vrine or otherwise any thing that he receiued whereby his bodie being miserablie inflamed within who had inflamed so manie good martyrs before was brought to a wretched end And thereof no doubt as most like it is came the thrusting out of his toong from his mouth so swolne blacke with the inflammation of his bodie A spectacle worthie to be noted and beholden of all such bloudie burning persecutors But whatsoeuer he was séeing he is now gone I referre him to his iudge to whom he shall stand or fall As concerning his death and maner thereof I would they which were present thereat would testifie to vs what they saw This we haue all to thinke that his death happened so opportunelie that England hath a mightie cause to giue thanks to the Lord therfore not so much for the great hurt he had doone in times past in peruerting his princesse in bringing in the six articles in murthering Gods saints in defacing Christs sincere religion c as also especiallie for that he had thought to haue brought to passe in murthering also our noble quéene that now is For whatsoeuer danger it was of death that she was in it did no doubt procéed from that bloudie bishop who was the cause thereof And if it be certeine which we haue heard that hir highnesse being in the tower a writ came downe from certeine of the councell for hir execution it is out of controuersie that wilie Winchester was the onelie Dedalus and framer of that engine Who no doubt in that one daie had brought this whole realme into wofull ruine had not the lords most gratious councell thorough maister Bridges then the lieutenant comming in hast to the quéene certified hir of the matter and preuented Achitophels bloudie deuises For the which thanks be to the same our Lord and Sauiour in the congregation of all English churches Amen After whose death Nicholas heath archbishop of Yorke was preferred by the quéene to the office of the chancellor ¶ She likewise gaue the priuie seale to the lord Paget and made him lord priuie seale these were both Londoners borne In this moneth of Februarie the lord maior of London and the aldermen entered into Bridewell and tooke possession thereof according to the gift of king Edward now conâââmed by queene Marie In the moneth of March next following there was in maner no other talke but of the great preparation that was made for the quéens lieng in childbed who had alredie taken vp hir chamber and sundrie ladies and gentlewomen were placed about hir in euerie office of the court ¶ And now forsomuch as in the beginning of the moneth of Iune about Whitsuntide the time was thought to be nie that this yoong maister should come into the world and that midwiues rockers nurses with the cradle and all were prepared and in a readinesse suddenlie vpon what cause or occasion it is vncerteine a certeine vaine rumor was blowne in London of the prosperous deliuerance of the quéene and the birth of the child insomuch that bels were roong bonefiers and processions made not onelie in the citie of London and in most other parts of the realme but also in Antwerpe guns were shot off vpon the riuer by the English ships and the mariners thereof were rewarded with an hundred pistolets or Italian crownes by the ladie regent who was the quéene of Hungarie Such great reioising and triumph was for the quéenes deliuerie and that there was a prince borne Yea diuerse preachers namelie one the person of saint Anne within Aldersgate after procession and Te Deum soong tooke vpon him to describe the proportion of the child how faire how beautifull and great a prince it was as the like had not béene seene In the middest of this great adoo there was a simple man this I speake but vpon information dwelling within foure miles of Barwike that neuer had béene
of inke wrote in tearmes brode inough of the tumults line 20 and slaughters happening in hir vnhappie daies among whome I will set downe for a saie a few verses drawne out of an hundred and od presented to Henrie the French king of that name the second touching the conquest of Calis whereat for ioy the French were rauished Thus therfore he saith Regina pacem nescia perpeti I am spreta mââret foedera iam Dei Iram pauet sibi imminentem Vindicis furiae flagellum line 30 Ciues hostes iam pariter suos Odit pauétque ciuium hostium Hirudo communis cruorem Aequè auidè sitiens vtrúnque Huic luce terror Martius assonat Diraeque caedis mens sibi conscia Vmbraeque nocturnae quietem Terrificis agitant figuris These short verses were thus subscribed La. B. Te. line 40 And thus much here as in the closing vp of this storie I thought to insinuat touching the vnluckie and rufull reigne of quéene Marie not for anie detraction to hir place and state roiall wherevnto shee was called of the Lord but to this onlie intent and effect that forsomuch as she would needs set hirselfe so confidentlie to worke and striue against the Lord and his proceedings all readers and rulers not onelie maie sée how the Lord did worke against hir therfore but also by hir maie be aduertised and learne line 50 what a perillous thing it is for men and women in authoritee vpon blind zeale and opinion to stirre vp persecution in Christs church to the effusion of christian bloud least it prooue in the end with them as it did here that while they thinke to persecute heretikes they stumble at the same stone as did the Iewes in persecuting Christ and his true members to death to their owne confusion and destruction Leauing quéene Marie being dead gone you are to vnderstand and note that the same euening or as line 60 some haue written the next daie after the said quéens death Cardinall Poole the bishop of Romes legat departed out of this life hauing béene not long afore made archbishop of Canturburie he died at his house ouer against Westminster commonlie called Lambeâh and was buried in Christs church at Canturburie This cardinall was descended of the noble house of Clarence that is to saie of one of the yoonger sonnes of Margaret countesse of Salisburie daughter of George duke of Clarence brother to K. Edward the fourth ¶ So that hereby you haue a proofe of the noblenesse of his birth but how barbarous he was of behauiour and how vnnaturall in the course of his life which blemished the honour of his descent it maie appeare by the order and maner of his visitation in Cambridge with the condemning taking vp and burning both the bones and bookes of Bueer and Paulus Phagius as also by the despitefull handling and madnesse of the papists towards Peter Martyrs wife at Oxford taken vp from hir graue at the commandement of the said cardinall and after buried in a dunghill so that in his actions he shewed himselfe as he is noted earnest in burning the bodies of the dead And for further testimonie of his crueltie it shall not be impertinent out of maister Fox here to adioine and set forth to the eies of the world the blind and bloudie articles set out by cardinall Poole to be inquired vpon within his dioces of Canturburie Whereby it maie the better appeare what yokes and snares of fond and fruitlesse traditions were laid vpon the poore flocke of Christ to intangle and oppresse them with losse of life and libertie By the which wise men haue to sée what godlie fruits proceeded from that catholike church and see of Rome In which albeit thou seest good reader some good articles insparsed withall let that nothing mooue thée for else how could such poison be ministred but it must haue some honie to relish the readers tast Here follow the articles set forth by cardinall Poole to be inquired in his ordinarie visitation within his dioces of Canturburie Touching the cleargie FIrst whether the diuine seruice in the church at times daies and houres be obserued and kept dulie or no. 2 Item whether the parsons vicars and curats doo comlie and decentlie in their maners and dooings behaue themselues or no. 3 Item whether they doo reuerentlie and dulie minister the sacraments or sacramentals or no. 4 Item whether anie of their parishioners doo die without ministration of the sacraments through the negligence of their curats or no. 5 Item whether the said parsons vicars or curats doo haunt tauerns or alehouses increasing thereby infamie and slander or no. 6 Item whether they be diligent in teaching the midwiues how to christen children in time of necessitie according to the canons of the church or no. 7 Item whether they see that the font be comelie kept and haue holie water alwaies readie for children to be christened 8 Item if they doo keepe a booke of all the names of them that be reconciled to the dutie of the church 9 Item whether there be anie priests that late vnlawfullie had women vnder pretensed mariage and hitherto are not reconciled and to declare their names and dwelling places 10 Item whether they doo diligentlie teach their parishioners the articles of the faith the ten commandements 11 Item whether they doo decentlie obserue those things that doo concerne the seruice of the church and all those thiâgs that tend to a good and christian life according to the canons of the church 12 Item whether they doo deuoutlie in their praiers praie for the prosperous estate of the king and quéens maiesties 13 Item whether the said parsons and vicars doo sufficientlie repare their chancels rectories and vicarages and doo kéepe and mainteine them sufficientlie repared and amended 14 Item whether anie of them doo preach or teach anie erronious doctrine contrarie to the catholike faith and vnitie of the church 15 Item whether anie of them doo saie the diuine seruice or doo minister the sacraments in the English âoong contrarie to the vsuall order of the church 16 Item whether anie of them doo suspiciouslie kéepe anie women in their houses or doo keepe companie with men suspected of heresies or of euill opinions 17 Item whether anie of them that were vnder pretense of lawfull matrimonie maried and now reconciled doo priuilie resort to their pretensed wiues line 10 or that the said women doo priuilie resort vnto them 18 Item whether they go decentlie apparelled as it becommeth sad sober and discréet ministers and whether they haue their crowns and beards shauen 19 Item whether anie of them doo vse anie vnlawfull games as dice cards and other like wherby they grow to slander and euill report 20 Item whether they doo kéepe residence and hospitalitie vpon their benefices and doo make charitable contributions according to all the lawes ecclesiasticall line 20 21 Item whether they doo keepe the booke
the which she laid certeine plate of hir owne of mistresse Sanders to gage On the next morning being thursdaie hauing intelligence that Browne was sought for they sent him six pounds more by the same Roger warning him to shift for himselfe by flight which thing he foreslowed not to doo Neuerthelesse the lords of the quéens maiesties councell caused so spéedie and narrow search to be made for him that vpon the eight line 60 and twentith of the same moneth he was apprehended in a mans house of his owne name at Rochester and being brought backe againe to the court was examined by the councell vnto whome he confessed the deed as you haue heard and that he had oftentimes before pretended and sought to doo the same by the instigation of the said mistresse Drurie who had promised to make a marriage betwéene him and mistresse Sanders whome he seemed to loue excessiuelie neuerthelesse he protested though vntrulie that mistresse Sanders was not priuie nor consenting therevnto Upon his confession he was arreigned at the Kings bench in Westminster hall the eighteenth of Aprill where he acknowledged himselfe guiltie and was condemned as principall of the murther according to which sentence he was executed in Smithfield on mondaie the twentith of Aprill at which time also vntrulie as she hir selfe confessed afterward he laboured by all meanes to cléere mistresse Sanders of committing euill of hir bodie with him and then floong himselfe besides the ladder He was after hanged vp in chains néere vnto the place where he had doone the fact In the meane time mistresse Drurie and hir man being examined as well by their owne confessions as by falling out of the matter and also by Brownes appeachment thought culpable were committed to ward And after mistresse Sanders being deliuered of child and churched for at the time of hir husbands death she looked presentlie to lie downe was vpon mistresse Druries mans confession and other great likelihoods likewise committed to the tower and on wednesdaie the sixt of Maie she was arreigned with mistresse Drurie at the Guildhall The effect of their indictment was that they by a letter written had béene procurers of the said murther knowing the murther doone had by monie otherwise reléeued the murtherer wherevnto they pleaded not giltie Howbeit they were both condemned as accessaries to master Sanders death and executed in Smithfield the thirtéenth of Maie being wednesdaie in Whitsunwéeke at which time they both confessed themselues guiltie of the fact Trustie Roger mistresse Druries man was arreigned on fridaie the eight of Maie being there condemned as accessarie was executed with his mistresse at the time and place aforesaid Not long after Anthonie Browne brother to the fornamed George Browne was for notable felonies conueied from Newgate to Yorke and there hanged The tenth of Aprill seauen pirats which among others had béene taken on the north seas were lead from Southworke to Wapping and fiue of them were there hanged the other two had their pardon at the gallowes The seauentéenth of Aprill a chandelers wife without Aldersgate of London who had practised hir husbands death by poisoning and otherwise was set on the pillorie in Cheape with thrée other women who had béene of hir counsell two of them were with hir there whipped The seauenth of Iune betwéene the houres of one and two of the clocke in the after noone a great tempest of haile and raine happened at Tocester in Northamptonshire wherethrough six houses in that towne were borne downe and foureteene more sore perished with the waters which rose of that tempest The hailstones were square six inches about One child was there drowned and manie shéepe with other cattell which when the water was fallen manie of them were lieng on the high hedges where the waters had left them The sixteenth of Iune Thomas Woodhouse a priest of Lincolnshire who had laine long prisoner in the Fleet was arreigned in the Guildhall of London and there condemned of high treason who had iudgement to be hanged and quartered and was executed at Tiburne the ninetéenth of Iune The sixtéenth of August Walter earle of Essex accompanied with the lord Rich and diuerse other gentlemen imbarked themselues in seuerall ships at Leirpoole and the wind sitting verie well tooke their voiage towards Ireland The earle after manie and great dangers on the sea at length woone Copemans Iland from whence in a pinnesse of capteine Perses he was brought safe to Knockfergus The lord Rich with the like danger landed at castell Killife where being met by capteine Malbie maister Smith master Moore pensioners he was conducted to Inch abbaie maister Malbies house where he had in a readinesse on the morrow morning a hundred and fiftie horssemen for their safegard to Knockfergus beside fiftie Kerns which went a foot through the woods there was among these a thirtie bowes with a bagpipe the rest had darts Sir Brian Makephelin had preied the countrie and taken awaie what was to be carried or driuen but on the sixt of September line 10 he came to Knockfergus to the earle of Essex and there made his submission the number of kine were estéemed thirtie thousand besides shéepe and swine After him Ferdorough Macgillasticke the blind Scots sonne Roze Oge Macwilline did the like and diuerse other sent their messengers to the earle to signifie that they were at his lordships disposition as the baron of Dongarrow Condenell Odonell and the capteine of Kilulto The earle of Essex hauing line 20 the countrie of Claniboie and other the quéens maiestie of England directed hir letters to the lord deputie of Ireland willing him to make by commission the earle of Essex capteine generall of the Irish nation in the prouince of Ulster and to diuide the countrie woone Claniboie and else where c. The eleuenth of October Peter Burchet gentleman of the middle temple with his dagger suddenlie assailed cruellie wounded and meant to haue murthered a seruiceable gentleman named Iohn Hawkins line 30 esquier as he with sir William Winter and an other gentleman rode towards Westminster in the high stréet neare to the Strand beyond the Temple-barre of London for which fact the said Burchet being apprehended and commited to the tower was afterward examined concerning the fact Who answered that he tooke the said maister Hawkins for an other gentleman and being further examined he was found to hold certeine erronious opinions for the which he was sent to the Lollards tower line 40 From thence being called into the consistorie of Paules church before the right reuerend father Edwine bishop of London and others by them examined he stood in his opinions till the sentence of death as an heretike was readie to haue béene pronounced against him on the fourth of Nouember but through the earnest persuasions of diuerse learned men who tooke great paines in that matter he
foure daies and died line 40 in the yeare one thousand thrée hundred and foure being about the two and thirtith yeare of king Edward the first Iohn de Chesill was the second time honoured with the place of the chancellor in the yeare that the word became flesh one thousand two hundred sixtie and eight being the thrée and fiftith yeare in which king Henrie the third of that name did hold the scepter of England Richard de Middleton so surnamed of the place line 50 where he was borne was aduanced to the office of the chancellorship in the said three and fiftith yeare of king Henrie the third in the moneth of Iulie in the yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred sixtie and eight and was also as appeareth by a charter which I haue séene witnesse to the same déed in the foure and fiftith yeare of the said king Henrie who as farre as I can gather died in August in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie and one being the six and fiftith yeare of the long gouernment line 60 of king Henrie the third There was a writer of England that wrote many volums of this name liuing at this time whom I doubt not for anie thing that I can yet learne to be the same man which was chancellor Iohn de Kirbie after the death of Richard Middleton was made kéeper of the great seale in the said six and fiftith yere of king Henrie the third Whether this were the same Iohn Kirkbie which after was bishop of Elie and treasuror of England I haue not as yet to determine although I rather hold the affirmatiue than the contrarie Walter Merton the third time made chancellor of England in the yeere of our Lord one thousand two hundred seuentie and thrée being the first yeare of the reigne of that famous prince king Edward the first of that name he was bishop of Rochester and built Merton college in Oxford and died in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seauentie and eight being the sixt yeare of the reigne of king Edward the first Robert Burnell the eleuenth bishop of Bath and Wels after the vniting of those two sées in one by Iohn de Toures in the yeare of Christ one thousand ninetie and two was made bishop of Bath in the yeare of our Lord as saith Euersden one thousand two hundred seuentie foure and chosen archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare one thousand two hundred seuentie and eight but reiected by the pope he was chancellor in the second yeare of the said Edward the first in which place it séemeth that he long continued of whom thus writeth an anonymall chronicle Dominus Edmundus comes Cornubiae fundauit nouum studium ordinis Cisterciensis apud Oxonias monachos de Thame primò ibidem introduxit dedit eis prima donatione manerium de Erdington fecit dedicare locum abbatiae tertij idus Decembris per dominum Robertum Burnellepiscopum Bathon Welles cancellarium regis posuit fundamentum nouae ecclesiae eodem die Northosneiae This bishop was required with the son of Edward the first and Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester in the time of Edward the first to be deliuered for pledges for Lheweline prince of Wales for his safe returne if he came to the parlement wherevnto he was summoned by the said king Edward In the time of this chancellor the court of chancerie was kept at Bristow This man died in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred ninetie and thrée being the one and twentith yere of the reigne of king Edward the third Iohn de Langhton made chancellor of England in the yéere of our Lord one thousand two hundred ninetie and thrée being the one and twentith yeare of the scourger of the Scots king Edward the first in which office he remained vntill the thirtith of the said king being the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and two He was made bishop of Chichester about the six and twentith or rather the seauen and twentith yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred ninetie and eight or rather one thousand two hundred ninetie and nine and in the said yeare one thousand two hundred ninetie and nine he was before chosen bishop of Elie but reiected by the pope who made him archdeacon of Canturburie from which Langhton this Edward did take the great seale in the thirtith yeare before said and deliuered it to Iohn Drokensford Iohn Drokensford kéeper of the wardrobe was made keeper of the great seale in the thirtith yere as before in which office he continued from about the fiftéenth daie of August vntill Michaelmas William de Greinfield deane of Chichester and canon of Yorke was aduanced to the place of the chancellor in the yeare that God became man one thousand three hundred and two being about the thirtith yeare of the said king Edward the first which office was giuen vnto him at saint Radigunds as saith Anonymus M.S. He was after chosen bishop of Yorke in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and thrée who in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred and eight buried the bodie of the said king Edward the first at Westminster though that king died in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand thrée hundred and seauen This bishop died about the yere of our saluation one thousand thrée hundred and fifteene being about the sixt yeare of king Edward the second at Cawood after that he had béene bishop nine yeares eleuen moneths and two daies and was buried in saint Nicholas porch of Yorke receiuing his consecration at Rome in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred and fiue after that he had béene there two yéeres of pope Clement This Greinfield was a man verie eloquent and pithie in counsell William de Hamelton deane of Yorke was created chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth the sonne of God one thousand line 10 thrée hundred and fiue being the thrée and thirtith yeare of that noble prince king Edward the first This William surrendred his borrowed life in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and seuen being about the fiue and thirtith yeare of the said king at the abbeie of Fontnesse in Yorkshire being a man that well deserued of the common-wealth Ralfe de Baldocke chosen bishop of London in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred and thrée was confirmed at Titneshall by Robert of line 20 Winchelseie bishop of Canturburie and consecrated at Lions by Peter of Spaine bishop of Alba the third calends of Februarie in the yere of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred and fiue He was made lord chancellor of England after the death of the said William Hamelton in the said fiue thirtith yere of king Edward
about ten yeares died and was buried in his owne church 6 Alfwoldus as Matthew Westminster writeth was next bishop after Algarus and consecrated by the aduise of Dunstane in the yeare 952. In this time Odogarus earle of Deuon and father in law to king Edgar builded the abbeie of Tauestoke and king Edgar called home all the monkes of saint Peters which were dispersed and without anie abbat and made Sidemannus abbat who was afterwards bishop This Alfwoldus after sixtéene yeares that he was consecraâeâ died and was buried in his owne church 7 Alfwolfus as Dicetus affirmeth was consecrated bishop in the yeare of our Lord 969 and after nine yeares died and was buried in his owne church 8 Sidemannus of an abbat was made a bishop in the yeare 978. In this mans time the Danes ouerran and spoiled the whole countries of Deuon and Cornewall burned the towne of Bodmen and the cathedrall church of saint Petrokes with the bishops house Wherevpon the bishops sée was remoued from thense to saint Germans where the same continued vntill the remouing and vniting thereof vnto Crediton Sidemannus in the twelfe yeare after his consecration died and was buried at Crediton in his owne church 990. 9 Alphredus whome Dicetus calleth Alfricus abbat of Malmesburie was consecrated bishop and installed at Crediton he was taken for a learned man because he wrote two bookes the one intituled Derebus coenobij sui and the other De rerum naturis In this bishops time king Ethelred endowed the bishoprike of saint Germans with lands liberties and priuileges The Danes made a fresh inuasion in and vpon all Deuon and Cornewall burned and spoiled the abbie of Ordolphus at Tauestoke they besieged Excester and being remoued from thense were fought withall at Pinneho about thrée miles from the citie and ouerthrowne Alphredus after he had béene bishop about nine yeares died in the yeare 999 and was buried in his owne church 10 Alwolfus as Dicetus writeth was the next bishop In his time Sweno king of Denmarke by intisement of one Hugh then earle of Deuon came with a great host and besieged the citie of Excester tooke it and burned it and with great crueltie vsed the people vntill in the end Almarus then earle of Deuon and the gentlemen did yéeld and submit themselues and so obteined peace This Alwolfus about the fiftéenth yeare of his bishoprike in the yeare 1014 died and was buried in his owne church 11 Arnoldus by the report of the archdeacon of London succéeded Alwolfus and was installed at Crediton In this mans time king Canutus gaue to Athelwold abbat of S. Peters of this citie great gifts and sundrie priuileges in recompense of his fathers great iniuries Arnoldus in the fiftéenth yeare of his bishoprike 1030 died and was buried in his owne church 12 Leuigus or Leuingus abbat of Tauestoke and nephue to Brithwaldus bishop of Cornewall was chosen the next bishop and according to the orders then vsed consecrated and installed He was in great fauour and credit with king Canutus vppon whome he attended in pilgrimage to Rome and after his vncle the bishop of saint Germans being dead obteined of the king that the bishops sée was remoued from saint Germans vnto Crediton and both were thereby reduced and vnited into one bishoprike and so hath euer since continued Hée was after the death of Brithegus bishop of Worcester remoued to that church and there died and was buried as some suppose but some affirme that in the time of Hardicanutus the king at the accusation of Alfredus then archbishop of Yorke for that he should be consenting to the death of Alfredus the sonne of Etheldred that he should be deposed of his bishoprike there and so did returne vnto Tauestoke where he died But Dicetus affirmeth that he purged himselfe of this crime and by that meanes was restored both to the fauour of the king and to his bishoprike againe and died bishop of Worcester It is recorded that he was bishop of Crediton fiftéene yeares 13 Leofricus a man descended of the bloud and line of Brutus but brought vp in the land of Lothoringia or Loreine was so well commended for his nobilitie wisedome and learning that king Edward the Confessor had him in great fauour and made him first one of his priuie councell then lord chancellor of all England and lastlie the bishoprike line 10 of this prouince being void he was made consecrated and installed bishop of the same By him and by his meanes the bishops sée was remoued from Crediton vnto this citie of Excester for at his request king Edward togither with quéene Edith his wife came to Excester remouing the monkes from hense to Westminster did also remoue the bishops sée from Crediton vnto his citie and did put the bishop in possession For he conducting the bishop on the right hand and the quéene on the line 20 left hand brought him to the high altar of his new church and there placed him in a seat appointed for him He suppressed sundrie houses or cels of religion within his sanctuarie and appropriated and vnited them to his owne church as also by the good liberalitie of the king obteined great reuenues possessions priuileges and liberties to be giuen vnto the church In this mans time William duke of Normandie made a conquest of this whole realme as also in the yeare 1068 besieged this line 30 citie of Excester which after by composition he restored to his former estate againe Also in his time Richard de Brion a noble man of Normandie the sonne of Baldwin of Brion of Albred the néece to the Conqueror was made baron of Okehampton warden of the castell of Excester and vicount of Deuon This Leofricus after that he had well and worthilie ruled his church and diocesse by the space of three and twentie yeares he ended his daies in peace and died in the yeare 1073 and was buried line 40 in the cemiterie or churchyard of his owne church vnder a simple and a broken marble stone which place by the since inlarging of his church is now within the tower of the same where of late in the yeare 1568 a new monument was erected in the memorie of so good woorthie and noble a personage by the industrie of the writer hereof but at the charges of the deane and chapter 14 Osbertus or Osbernus a Norman borne and brother to an earle named William was preferred to this bishoprike and in the yeare 1074 was line 50 consecrated and installed to the same Polydorus writeth that one Galfrid who ioined with Odo earle of Kent and bishop of Baion against William Rufus should be bishop of Exon but it was not nor could not so be In this mans time William the Conqueror and William Rufus his sonne died This Osbertus or Osbernus after he had béene bishop thirtie yeares was blind and died and lieth buried in his owne church
this bishoprike which sometimes was counted one of the best is now become in temporall lands one of the meanest and according to the foreprophesieng of bishop Grandesson a place scarse left for the bishop to laie and rest his head in and yet neuerthelesse he was a great fauourer of learned men and especiallie of diuines whome he preferred in his church aboue others He was verie bountions and liberall vnto all men but especiallie vnto courtiers vnto his owne kindred and countriemen Upon manie he bestowed much to the confusion of some of them and vpon the others he spent much by building of a towne called Sutton Colshull where he was borne which he procured to be incorporated and made a market towne and set vp therein making of kearsies but all which in the end came to small effect In his time after the death of king Henrie the eight there was an alteration of religion by king Edward the sixt wherof insued a rebellion commotion in this diocesse which in some part was imputed to this bishop bicause he laie farre from it and dwelled in his owne countrie Wherevpon he resigned the bishoprike into the kings hands after that he had beene bishop about thirtie yeares and liued by the rents of the temporaltie of the bishoprike which when he alienated and discontinued he did receiue vnto him for terme of his owne life 43 Miles Couerdale after the resignation of Uoiseie was by king Edward made bishop of this citie consecrated at Lambeth by Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and fiftie He was borne in the north countrie and from his childhood giuen to learning wherein he profited verie much he was one of the first which professed the gospell in this land in the time of king Henrie the eight he translated the bible out of the Hebrue into English and wrote sundrie bookes vpon the scriptures Which doctrine being verie new and strange in those daies and he verie streightlie pursued by the bishops made his escape passed ouer into low Germanie where he printed the bibles of his translation and sent them ouer into England and therof made his gaine wherby he liued But the bishops namelie D. Stokesleie bishop of London when he heard hereof and minding to preuent that no such bibles should be dispersed line 10 within this realme made inquirie where they were to be sold and bought them all vp supposing that by this meanes no more bibles would be had but contrarie to his expectation it fell out otherwise For the same monie which the bishop gaue for these bookes was sent ouer by the merchant vnto this Couerdale and by that meanes he was of that wealth and abilitie that he imprinted as manie more and sent them ouer into England but he was then so narrowlie sought for that he was driuen to remooue line 20 himselfe out of Flanders into Germanie and dwelled vnder the Palsegraue of Rhene where he found much fauour First he taught yoong children and hauing learned the Dutch toong the prince Palatine gaue him a benefice named Burghsaber where he continued and liued verie well partlie by that benefice and partlie by the liberalitie of the lord Cromewell who was his good lord and reléeued him verie much At length when the religion was altered in England and the gospell had a frée passage he returned line 30 did verie much good in preaching of the same And when the commotion in Deuon was for religion he was appointed to attend the lord Russell when he came to suppresse the same and verie shortlie for his learning and godlie life was made bishop of this see who most worthilie did performe the office committed vnto him He preached continuallie vpon euerie holie daie and did read most commonlie twise in the wéeke in some one church or other within this citie He was after the rate of his liuings a great kéeper line 40 of hospitalitie verie sober in diet godlie in life friendlie to the godlie liberall to the poore and courteous to all men void of pride full of humilitie abhorring couetousnesse and an enimie to all wickednesse and wicked men whose companies he shunned and whom he would in no wise shrowd or haue in his house and companie His wife a most sober chast and godlie matrone his house and houshold another church in which was exercised all godlinesse and vertue No one person being in his house which line 50 did not from time to time giue an account of his faith and religion and also did liue accordinglie And as he had a care for the successe in religion so had he also for the direction of the gouernement in ecclesiasticall causes And bicause he was not skilfull therin neither would be hindered from his godlie studies and be incombered with such worldlie matters which neuertheles he would haue be doone in all vprightnesse iustice and equitie he sent to Oxford for a learned man to be his chancellor and by the ministerie line 60 of the writer hereof he procured and obteined one master Robert Weston doctor of the ciuill law afterwards lord chancellor of Ireland vnto whome he committed his consistorie and the whole charge of his ecclesiasticall iurisdiction allowing vnto him not onelie all the fées therevnto apperteining but also lodged and found him his wife familie horsse and man within his owne house and gaue him a yearelie pension of fortie pounds And surelie the bishop was no more godlie and carefull of his part concerning preaching but this man also was as diligent and seuere in dooing of his office without reproch of being affectionated or corrupted And notwithstanding this good man now a blamelesse bishop liued most godlie and vertuous yet the common people whose old bottels would receiue no new wine could not brooke nor digest him for no other cause but bicause he was a preacher of the gospell an enimie to papistrie a married man Manie deuises were attempted against him for his confusion sometimes by false suggestions sometimes by open railings and false libels sometimes by secret backbitings and in the end practised his death by impoisoning but by Gods prouidence the snares were broken and he deliuered After that he had béene bishop about thrée yeares king Edward died and then queene Marie hauing the crowne the religion was altered and he depriued And notwithstanding the malice of prelats and archpapists was most bitter against him and who had sworne his death yet by the goodnesse of God he was most miraculouslie preserued and deliuered from out of their hands at the sute and by the meanes of the king of Denmarke who so earnestlie sued so often wrote to the quéene for him that he was deliuered and sent vnto him with whome after that he had staied a while he went againe into Germanie to the Palsgraue who most louinglie receiued him placed him againe in his former benefice of Burghsaber where he continued vntill the death of quéene
ordinance the victorie and the cause why the rebels preuailed not was bicause all the catholikes had not béene dulie informed that the queenes maiestie was declared to be as they terme it an heretike which want of information to the intent to make the rebels mightier in number and power was diligentlie and cunninglie supplied by the sending into the realme of a great multitude of the seminaries and Iesuits whose speciall charge was to informe the people thereof as by their actions hath manifestlie appéered A supplement to amend the former errour And though doctor Sanders hath thus written yet it may be said by such as fauoured the two notable Iesuits one named Robert Persons who yet hideth himselfe in corners to continue his traitorous practise the other named Edmund Campion who was found out being disguised like a roister and suffered for his treasons that doctor Sanders treason is his proper treason in allowing of the said bull and not to be imputed to Persons and Campion Therefore to make it plaine that these two by speciall authoritie had charge to execute the sentence of this bull these acts in writing following shall make manifest which are not fained or imagined but are the verie writings taken about one of their complices euen immediatlie after Campions death although Campion before his death would not be knowen of anie such matter Whereby may appéere what trust is to be giuen to the words of such pseudomartyrs Facultates concessae pp. Roberto Personio Edmundo Campiano pro Anglia die 14 Aprilis 1580. PEtatur à summo domino nostro explicatio bulla declaratoria per Pium Quintum contra Elisabetham ei adhaerentes quam catholici cupiunt intelligi hoc modo vt obliget semper illam haereticos catholicos vero nullo modâ obliget rebus sic stantibus sed tum demum quando publica eiusdem bullae executio fieri poterit Then followed manie other petitions of faculties for their further authorities which are not néedfull for this purpose to be recited but in the end followeth this sentence as an answer of the popes Has praedictas gratias concessit summus pontifex patri Roberto Personio Edmundo Campiano in Angliam profecturis die 14 Aprilis 1580. Praesente patre Oliueriâ Manarco assistence The English of which Latine sentences is as followeth Faculties granted to the two fathers Robert Persons and Edmund Campion for England the fourteenth daie of Aprill 1580. LEt it be asked or required of our most holie lord the explication or meaning of the bull declaratorie made by Pius the fift against Elisabeth such as doo adhere or obeie hir which bull the catholikes desire to be vnderstood in this maner that the same bull shall alwaies bind hir and the heretikes but the catholikes it shall by no meanes bind as matters or things doo now stand or be but hereafter when the publike execution of that bull maie be had or made Then in the end the conclusion was thus added The highest pontife or bishop granted these foresaid graces to father Robert Persons Edmund Campion who are now to take their iournies into England the 14 daie of Aprill in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and eightie Being present the father Oliuerius Manarke assistant Hereby it is manifest what authoritie Campion had to impart the contents of the bull against the quéens maiestie howsoeuer he himselfe denied the same for this was his errand And though it be manifest that these two Iesuits Parsons and Campion not onelie required to haue the popes mind declared for the bull but also in their owne petitions shewed how they and other catholikes did desire to haue the said bull to be vnderstood against the quéene of England yet to make the matter more plaine how all other Iesuits and seminaries line 10 yea how all papists naming themselues catholikes doo or are warranted to interpret the said bull against hir maiestie and hir good subiects howsoeuer they will disguise it you shall see what one of their fellowes named Hart who was condemned with Campion and yet liueth did amongst manie other things declare his knowledge thereof the last daie of December in the same yeare one thousand fiue hundred and eightie in these words following The bull of Pius Quintus for so much line 20 as it is against the quéene is holden amongest the English catholikes for a lawfull sentence and a sufficient discharge of hir subiects fidelitie and so remaineth in force but in some points touching the subiects it is altered by the present pope For where in that bull all hir subiects are commanded not to obeie hir and she being excommunicate and deposed all that doo obeie hir are likewise innodate and accurssed which point is perillous to the cathâlikes for if they obeie hir they be in the popes cursse line 30 and if they disobeie hir they are in the quéenes danger therefore the present pope to reléeue them hath altered that part of the bull and dispensed with them to obeie and serue hir without perill of excommunication which dispensation is to indure but till it please the pope otherwise to determine Wherefore to make some conclusion of the matters before mentioned all persons both within the realme and abroad maie plainelie perceiue that all the infamous libels latelie published abroad in sundrie line 40 languages and the slanderous reports made in other princes courts of a multitude of persons to haue béene of late put to torments and death onelie for profession of the catholike religion and not for matters of state against the queenes maiestie are false and shamelesse and published to the maintenance of traitors and rebels And to make the matter seeme more horrible or lamentable they recite the particular names of all the persons which by their owne catalog exceed not for these fiue and line 50 twentie yeares space aboue the number of thrée score forgetting or rather with their stonie and senselesse harts not regarding in what cruell sort in the time of quéene Marie which little excéeded the space of fiue yeares the quéenes maiesties reigne being fiue times as manie there were by imprisonment torments famine and fire of men women maidens and children almost the number of foure hundred besides such as were secretlie line 60 murthered in prisons and of that number aboue twentie that had béene archbishops bishops and principall prelats or officers in the church lamentablie destroied and of women aboue thrée score and of children aboue fortie and amongest the women some great with child and one out of whose bodie the child by fire was expelled aliue and yet also cruellie burned examples beyond all heathen crueltie And most of the youth that then suffered cruell death both men women and children which is to be noted were such as had neuer by the sacrament of baptisme or by confirmation professed or was euer taught or instructed or euer had heard of anie other kind
1185 a 60 b 10 Ambassador ligier of Spaine ¶ Sée Mendoza Ambassage disdainefull 545 a 10. Roiall into France 477 a 60 Amberuilliers castell taken 589 a 60 Amphibalus bodie found and buried at saint Albons 101 b 30 Amphibologie of this woord daughter 156 b 10 Ambition was Anselme loth to be suspected of 28 a 10. Of earle Robert of Northumberland 22 b 10. Of earle Iohn 132 b 40. In the French and Spanish kings aspiring to the empire 851 a 40 c. Of archbishop Thurstane notable 38 b 10. Of bishop Longchampe 129 a 10. Of an old aged bishop of Durham note 119 b 40 50 60. Of earles suing to be kings 1 a 30. Of two archbishops 39 b 60. Of bishops 38 b 20. Contentious 121 a 30. Of two moonks labouring for an abbasie 18 b 60. Of mans nature 76 a 40 714 a 30. The working thereof 739 b 60. And fruits thereof noted in Robert 12 a 30. It will haue a fall note 734 b 60. Note the whole storie from page 1083 a 60 b 10 c. 1084 b 10 c. ¶ Sée Selim and Turke Amsterdam a towne of great concourse and commerce inexpugnable 1430 b 30 50 Anabaptists doo penance and are burned 946 a 40 50. Their heresies recantation and penance at Pauls crosse 1260 b 10 20 30 c. Banished 1261 b 20. Burned in Smithfield 1261 b 40. Manie in Amsterdam 1430 b 40 Anger and what the heat thereof driueth a man vnto note 211 b 10. ¶ Sée Enuie Angiers citie taken 158 b 30. Woone of king Iohn by assault 170 a 30. And by him repared 170 b 30 Angleseie inuironed with the sea 23 a 40 Angolesme recouered by the Frenchmen 369 a 30 Aniou a rode made thereunto by the duke of Clarence 579 b 60 Anne Askew and others arreigned and acquited 968 b 10 c. Anne Bullen created marchionesse of Penbroke 928 b 30. ¶ Sée Quéene Anne of Cléeue a marriage betwéene hir and king Henrie the eight concluded 947 b 60. She is receiued at Calis landeth in Kent the order of hir receiuing on Black heath 948 a 40 b 30 The méeting of hir and the king hir chariot wherein she rode all hir iournie hir welcome to Gréenewich 949 a 50 b 20 60. She is married to king Henrie the eight 950 a 10 c. At quéene Maries coronation 1091 a 30. Deceaseth 1133 b 60 Annates forbidden to be paid to the pope 928 a 40 Annuities ¶ Sée Patents Anselme archbishop of Canturburie elected 20 a 60. At strife with William Rufus and whie 24 a 10. His shift for his paiment to William Rufus and his honest satisfaction 22 b 10. ¶ Sée Archbishop Prepareth to auoid the realme by ship and complaineth to the pope of William Rufus 26 a 10. His admonition from Rome to William Rufus returneth into England 27 b 60. At the instance of Hugh earle of Chester commeth ouer into England 28 a 10. Restored home 28 b 20. Goeth to Rome 31 b 20. Denieth to doo homage to Henrie the first note 29 a 50. Holdeth a councell at Westminster note and what was there decréed 30 a 60. Refuseth to consecrat the bishops inuested by the king 31 a 60. Banished and his sée seized vpon into the kings hands 32 a 10. Receiued into Henrie the firsts fauour and returneth home 33 b 20 30. Held a synod and what was there decréed 34 b 10. Writeth to pope Paschall that he would not send archbishop Thomas of Yorke his pall 35 a 20. His cursse feared of king Henrie the first and his bishops 36 b 30. He falleth sicke 35 b 60. His death and what countrie man he was 36 a 30 Antedating of the kings seale tresonable and so executed 953 a 20 Anticipation ¶ Sée Subsidie Antipape 421 a 50 b 50 475. a 10 535 a 10 24 b 20. ¶ Seé Fitzleo Pope and Schisme Antiquitie reuerenced note the meaning of the proclamation 1321 b 30. Presented vnto quéene Elisabeth at Norwich 1293 b 30 1294 a 60 b 10 Antwerpe entred into by the Spaniards who plaied the cruell tyrants 1263 a 10 Interteineth the duke of Alanson right roiallie note 1332 1333 c to 1344 a 10. Reioiseth at the duke of Alansons comming 1331 a 60 ¶ Sée Duke of Alanson Apparell of king Henrie the eight at his coronation 801 a 40. Running at the ring 805 b 60. Of him and his nobles going to méet Maximilian 820 a 10 20. After the taking of Tornaie 822 b 60. Sumptuous at quéene Annes coronation 931 a 10 c. b 60. Of the duke of Alanson whereat the French woondered 1337 a 10. Of William Rufus counted gorgious then but now verie simple 27 b 40. Of Edward the second gorgious and triumphant 322 a 20. Sumptuous of Richard the second 501 b 40. Of sir Iohn Arundell verie sumptuous 423 b 50. Strange of prince Henrie sonne to Henrie the fourth 539 a 30. Gorgious of Richard the seconds court note at the verie end of his storie 544. Of Edward the fourth at an interview with the French king 699 a 60 b 10 c. Sumptuous of the earle of Northumberland 791 a 60. Sumptuous of the duke of Buckingham 801 a 10. Of great estates 825 a 20. Statelie in France at a tilt 834 a 30. Of the earle of Surie receiuing the French kings ambassadors 148 a 40. Statelie of the duchie of Brabant 1336 a 20. Of the monsieur of Brabant 1333 b 60. Of the king of England and France at an interuiew 851 a 50 b 60 859 a 60 860 a 20 30 40. Right gorgious in a shew 807 b 40. Faire sutes giuen by king Iohn and the archbishop of Canturburie to their seruants note 163 a 60. Disguised souldiers in womens apparell note 1188 b 40. Of women wherein a bishop disguiseth himselfe 132 a 10. Costlie forbidden 111 b 40. An act for it 353 a 40 396 b 40. Of a knight all not worth foure shillings 1099 b 20. Changed from robes to rags note 460 b 30. ¶ Sée Maske Apparition ¶ Sée Uision Appeales to Rome 213 a 40 133 a 60 98 a 50 210 a 30. Forbidden c 74 a 30. Of the prince of Wales before the French king 401 a 20 Appletrée ¶ Sée Gun Apprentises at what time admitted to fellowships of companies 120 a 20 Aques besieged by earle Richard Henrie the seconds sonne 99 b 40 Aquitane full of warre â03 a 50. The grant thereof to the duke of Lancaster reuoked 485 b 10. Recouereâ by the French the dignitie ând state of that dukedome 641 a 40 50 Arbitrement of certeine graue persons in the strife betwéene William Rufus and his brother Robert reiected and whie 21 a 60 Archbishop Aldred submitteth himselfe to duke William 1 a 50. ¶ Sée Aldred Anselme ¶ Sée Anselme Arundell of Canturburie his answer for the clergie he chafeth the kings answer to him 526 a 20 40 60. Baldwine of Canturburie deceaseth 130 b 50. Exhorted men to go to warre against the Saracens
fourth and the earle of Warwike 682 a 50. Weighing the inconuenience of discord wareth wise slow to aid the earle of Warwike his dissimulation 681 a 60 b 1050 60. He and the earle of Warwike soiourned at Excester to passe ouer the seas they arriue on the English coasts 676 b 10 60. A conspirator against his brother Edward the fourth he taketh the seas 674 a 40. His promise to a damsell persuading him to peace 675 a 10 20 Drowned in a but of Malmescie 703 a 40 Duke of Excester his pithie saieng 546 a 60. Uncle to Henrie the fift 560 a 30 40. Capteine of Harflue 556 a 60. His ouerthrow by the French b 10 With a power at Newarke 680 b 60. Left for dead but recouered note 685 a 60. Deceaseth 596 b 60 598 b 50. Found dead in the sea 694 b 10 Duke of Gelderlands letters to Richard second 475 b 50. CoÌmeth into England disuadeth Richard the second ârom peace with the French K. 477 b 30 Duke of Glocesters protestation vpon his oth 458 a 10. Arested 489 a 30. Confesseth all wherwith he was charged he is smoothered to death note 489 a 60 b 10. He Richard second at priuie grudge talke betwéene them 487 b 40 50. Excused to K. Richard second by the duke of Lancaster Yorke he the abbat of S. Albons conspire 488 a 40 b 10 c. Made duke of Ireland his iournie thither vnlucklie staied 479 b 50 60. His iournie into Prutzenland in great fauour with the commons 475 a 60. A seuere man 464 a 40. His death the dooers therein exempted from king Henrie the fourths pardon 514 a 50. In question 525 b 40. His deth in part reuenged 513 b 20 Much adoo about it note 512 a 50 60 513. a 10. His complaint to Henrie sixt against the cardinall of Winchester 620 a 50. Liketh well of the kings mariage with the earle of Armenaks daughter note 624 b 60. Winneth Rockesburgh castell 657 a 60. His deth what mischiefe followed it 627 a 60. He is commended note b 10 c. Discharged of all gouernment the faint quarell piked against him he is suddenlie murthered 627 a 10. Ill practises against him vnder faire countenances 622 b 60. Spoileth Flanders 614 b 60. Calleth a parlement Henrie the sixt in France 607 b 10. Articles against the bishop of Winchester 591 a 60. Mariage in question he waxeth werie of his wife 590 a 60 He and bishop of Winchester at dissention 590 a 60 591 a 10 c. Murthereth Henrie the sixt in the Towre 690 b 60. An enimie to peace 697 a 10. Proclamation against the lord Hastings c 724 a 20. Marieth another mans wife note 586 a 30. His behauiour in the assemblie of lords 722 b 10. His oration to the lords against the quéene 717 a 10. His resolution to go through with his diuelish enterprise 721 b 20 Solicitations tending wholie to trouble and bloudshed 714 a 60. His Buckinghams practises 715 a 30. Made protector 716 b 50. ¶ Sée duke of Buckingham Duke of Guise with a great armie commeth towards Calis entreth the English frontiers his policie 1135 a 20 40 b 10. His proclamation to bring in monie plate c 1136 a 10. Marcheth to the towne and fort of Guisnes 1137 a 40. And monsieur Dandelot with their powers in a rage with his soldiors a trumpetter from him to the lord Greie they haue communication one whole houre 1139 a 10 30 b 30 Appointed to be a principall leader and executor of forren inuasion 1371 b 30 40 c b 60 Duke of Hereford appealeth the duke of Northfolke of treason 493 b 20. Beloued of the people honourablie interteined with the French king 493 b 30 Duke of Irelands passage stopped by the lords his souldiors reuolt from him he flieth from his armie getteth him into Holland letters found in his trunks 421 a 10 50 60. He and his associats attainted of treason by parlement 463 b 30 Duke of Lancaster and the Londoners submit their quarels to the kings order 416 a 20. He Yorke excuse the duke of Glocester to king Richard the second 488 a 40. High steward of England at an arreignment 491 a 60. He Yorke assemble their powers to resist Richard the seconds dealings 490 a 10. Returneth into England out of Gascoigne 467 a 60. Created 380 b 50. Debate betwixt him and the duke of Brunswike 381 a 10. Goeth ouer sea with a nauie and two of Edward the thirds sonnes with him 382 a 30. Is sent to aid the king of Nauarre 386 b 30. Persuadeth Edward the third to peace with the French king 393 b 50. Maketh a iournie into France 404 a 50. Sent into France with an armie fortifieth his campe 403 b 30 50. Commeth to Burdeaux 408 a 50 c. In danger by the Londoners note 412 a 20. Goeth into Spaine with an armie 448 b 60. He landeth at Brest and winneth two bastides from the French landeth at Groigue 449 a 50 60. He the king of Portingall alied they inuade Castile he returneth out of Portingale into Gascoigne 450 a 20. Reconcileth the king and the lords 467 b 10. Made duke of Aquitaine 473 a 10. Commeth to Chester citie the countrie submit them selues vnto him Holt castell deliuered vnto him 500 a 10 30. He and Glocester sent into France to treat of peace 480 a 30. The grant of the duchie of Aquitane vnto him reuoked 485 b 10. He marieth a ladie of meane estate whom he kept as his concubine b 60. Calleth a parlement in Richard the seconds name 502 a 10. His behauiour to the king their méeting his demand receiuing into London 501 b 10 20 50. His bastards made legitimat 487 b 10. Ambassador for the K. into France 475 b 30 A prince of great renowme 477 a 60. Saileth into Aquitaine 481 a 60. Solicited to expell king Richard the second b 60. And to take vpon him the regiment 497 b 60. The duke of Britain his great fréend the commons denie to resist the duke he landeth in Yorkeshire his oth to the lords that aided him the harts of the commons wholie bent vnto him he marcheth to Bristow 498 a 10 50 60 b 10 30 60. Feasteth strangers 474 a 20. Enuied of the rebels note 431 a 20 c. Not suffred to enter into the towne of Berwike 439 a 10. Chargeth the erle of Northumberland with manie crimes commeth to the parlement with a great troopâ of men 439 a 20 60 b 10. Sent into France to treat of peace 446 a 40. Misliking the manners of the court getteth himselfe to Killingworth castell 419 b 20. He the erle of Cambridge appointed protectors 418 a 20. Saileth to Britaine with a great power 420 a 60. Getteth him to his castell of Pomfret and fortifieth it 446 b 60. Laieth challenge to the crowne 505 b 40. He is placed in the regall throne b 60. King elect his words
to the lords 507 a 60. His coronation proclamed by the name of Henrie the fourth 507 b 10 30. Inuaded Scotland with an armie 445 b 10. Appeached of treason 445 b 40. His decease 395 b 10 496 a 20. ¶ Sée Edmund Duke of Normandie commeth downe into Britaine 364 b 10 Duke of Northfolke in armes against Wiat ariueth at Stroud 1094 b 50. He with the capteine of the gard put to their shifts 1095 a 10. He and Suffolke elected into the order of S. Michaell 929 a 10. Ambassador into France 950 a 50. Henrie the eights lieutenant 942 b 60. CoÌmeth with a power against the rebels in Suffolke 891 b 40. He the earle of Surrie on Richard the thirds side 755 b 20. His constancie allegiance to Richard third he is slaine 759 b 10. Accused of treson 493 b 20. Obiections against him 494 a 30. Committed to the Towre atteinted and the atteindor reuersed 976 b 10 50. Deceaseth 514 a 60 b 10 891 a 60 1121 b 30. Inuested into the order of S. Michaell 1209 a 20 Sent to the Towre 1211 b 60. Remoued from the Towre to the Charterhouse 1222 a 20. CoÌmitted to the Towre 1226 b 30. Arreigned condemned and iudged 1227 b 60. Beheaded forren nations write therof his attire behauior spéech at his execution note 1229 a 50 60 b 10 c 1230 Duke of Northumberlands enterprise against the ladie Marie incouraged 1085 b 50 60. His words to the lords of the councell about quéene Iane who adhered vnto him he setteth forward with all speed 1086 a 10 c b 10 20. Writeth for more succours 1087 a 30. His sons released out of the Towre 1127 a 10. Arrested by the earle of Arundell and committed to the Towre with his adherents 1088 a 60 b 30. Arreigned his request to vnderstand the opinion of the court in two points 1089 b 40 50 His foure requests after his iudgment to die he with others are executed at Towre hill 1090 a 10 50 Duke of Orleance partaker with the duke of Britaine against the French king 768 b 10. How long prisoner in England his ransome and release 618 b 20 50. Chalenge 524 b 60 He besieged Uergi in Guien 525 a 20. Besiegeth townes in Gascoigne 533 a 50. Commeth to the English armie 540 b 30. Murthered 537 a 60 Duke Richard his singular dissimulation 731 b 10. He speaketh otherwise than he meaneth 731 b 20. His electioÌ hard to be preferred 730 b 20. Preferred at last by voices of confederacie 730 b 60. Adiured by bishop Morton their conference he openeth himselfe and his secrets to the bishop complaineth of lacke of preferment in K. Edwards daies 738 all His title to the crowne with the office and dignitie of a king he is commended to the people as worthie and sufficient 730 a 20 30. ¶ Sée Duke of Glocester and Richard Duke of Richmond a martialist or warrior Henrie the eights base sonne 929 a 10. Henrie Fitzroie Henrie the eights base sonne deceasseth 941 a 10 Duke of Saxonie in disfauour and exile 105 b 60. Commeth into England his goodlie stature 212 b 40. Pardoned and reuoked out of exile 108 a 10 Duke of Suffolke created 627 b 30. Winneth the goodwill of the quéen Dowager of France 836 b 10. They married togither b 30. Entreth France with an armie 879 a 50. Breaketh vp his armie commeth to Calis 881 a 40. Chiualrie valiant seruice in France he knighteth diuerse gentlemen 879 b 60 880 all Hope hindered by cardinall Woolfeie 839 a 60. And others sent into France to fetch the French quéene into England 836. a 50. Incountereth with a strong and tall Almaine 833 b 60. He foileth the Almaine 834 a 10. Deceasseth his iust commendation 969 b 30. The commons exclaime against him 631 a 10 20 40. Committed to the Towre his wretched dèth 632 a 10 50. He with others brought to the Towre 1099 a b 10. Committed to the Towre and released 1088 b 40. Goeth downe into Leicestershire is a fauourer and furtherer of Wiats practises he is kept out of Couentrie apprehended 1095 a 40 60 b 10. Arreigned condemned beheaded 1100 b 20 40 50. What words he spake to the people at his death b 60. Duke of Summerset made regent of Normandie and the duke of Yorke discharged 625 b 30. Made capteine of Calis 650 b 60. His valiantnesse 619 a 30. Reuolteth from Edward the fourth taken beheaded 666 a 40 c b 20 c. Made lord protector 979 a 40 50. His returne from Scotland 992 a 60. Not desirous of slaughter 988 b 20. With his power against Scotland 980 a 30 c b 30. Sendeth an herald to summon a castell 981 a 10 20. Answer to a Scotish herald at armes 983 b 60. His diligence to further the fortification to Rockesburgh 991 b 10. His statelie stile with his epistle exhortatiue sent to the Scotish nobles c 998 b 10 c. He the earle of Warwike outwardlie fréends 1062 a 50. And others submit themselues to Edward the fourth 665 b 60. Againe apprehended and committed to the Towre 1066 b 60 Charged sir Peter Carew with the rebellion 1022 b 30. He and the earle of Deuonshire comfort quéene Margaret 685 b 60. Politiké puissant 687 b 60. More hardie than wise 687 b 60 688 a 10 c. Striketh out the lord Wenlocks brains 688 a 50. His infortunatnesse 615 b 60. Arested 642 a 20. Set at libertie made deputie of Calis 40 50. Accuseth the earle of Yorke of high treason 639 a 50. Burthened with all things that happened amisse 643 a 40. He is slain b 10. His displacing out of his protectorships consulted on remoueth in hast with K. Edward sixt to Windsore his letter to the lord priuie seale 1057 a 20 50 60. His letters to the lords 1058 a 30. A proclamation with articles against him b 20 30 c. Prisoner conmitted to the Towre articles obiected against him 1059 b 10 30 40 1060 a 10 c. Released restored 1060 b 10 20. Deliuered out of the Towre 1062 a 50. Arreigned both of fellonie treason condemend of fellonie people murmur at his condemnation deliuerd to be executed his behauior at his death 1067 a 10 30 40 50 b 40 60. His words at his death a sudden noise feare among the people assembled 1068 a 10 c 50 b 19 1069 a 60. Described b 10. Beheaded 688 b 60 Duke of Surrie marshall of England 493 b 50 Duke of Yorke lieutenant generall of England 497 a 10. Misliketh the court goeth home 496 a 60. Noted for crueltie what maner of man he was his end 712 a 10 20. Plantagenet afterwards Richard third 595 b 40. Made regent of France enuied of duke of Summerset 612 b 10 617 b 10 619 a 30. Appointed againe to be regent of Normandie 625 b 50. A persecuting enimie to the duke of Summerset note 630 b 20. Assembleth an armie his
Montferrat note 136 a 40 50. Is deliuered to the emperor he is committed close prisoner 137 a 30. And the cause of displeasure betwixt him the duke of Austrich 136 a 20 The confession of his leud life in a chapell 126 b 10. Uanquisheth the Cipriots chaseth them out of their campe 127 b 60. His nauie setteth foorth towards the holie land 123 a 20. Returneth home out of the holie land 135 b 20 Slandered for the death of the marquesse Montferrat 30 He commeth to Uienna 50 Submitteth himselfe to the duke of Austrich 136 a 10 Discomfiteth the Saracens néere to port Iaph 134 a 30 Fell sicke at Cephas and recouereth 135 a 50. His talke with king Cancred 126 b 50 His expenses out of reason measure 126 b 30. What were the causes of grudge betwene him and the French king 126 a 30 c. He and the king of France receiued a solemne oth 123 a 40 His demands for the dowrie of his sister wife to king William 124 b 40. Arriueth at Messina 124 b 10. Blameth the court of Rome for couetousnes 123 b 50. Setteth forward to the holie land his fléet staied by contrarie winds 123 b 10 20 Taketh a castell and hangeth the owner 123 a 20. Passeth ouer into Normandie 121 a 20. Desirous of monie and of his shifts 120 b 40. Findeth his fathers treasure the order of his coronation 118 a 20 30. He and the king of France determine to go into the holie land 117 b 30. Besiegeth Chalus he is wounded despaireth of his life ordeineth his testament 155 b 30 c. His bequests and legacies his death his stature shape of bodie his disposition of mind the vices that were in him 156 all Richard the second borne 397 b 60. Counterfeited note 515 a 50. Created prince of Wales 411 a 10. Prince of Chester 492 b 40. Beginneth his reigne the Londoners commend themselues to his fauour before the death of king Edward 415 a 40 b 40. The solemne maner of his coronation note 416 a 60. c. Maried the solemnitie therat 487 a 10 50 60. c. His euill gouernement 493 a 60. The emperor agréeth with him for his ransome 139 a 10. Lands assigned vnto him 30. Order taken for leuieng of monie for his ransome 50. Leaueth Conwaie castell and betaketh himselfe to his enimies 500. b 30. His cognisance or badge 500 b 60. The parlement house aâ dissention he absenteth himselfe for the space of fortie daies note 452 b 10 50 Loued earle de Ueere of Oxford excéedinglie 453 b 20 ¶ Sée Earle Ueere His inordinat affection towards the duke of Ireland and the earle of Suffolke 454 a 20. Retriâeth souldiors on all sides against the lords 457 b 60. His maner of gréeting and speaking to the lords that were banded against him 459 b 30 40 50 60.460 a 10. A report that he ment to yeeld vp Calis into the French kings hands 462 a 10. Kéepeth his Christmas in the Tower of London 462 a 50. Brought to his wits end 462 b 60. His inconstancie he is compelled to the nobles request 463 a 10 30. Ruled not but was ruled note 465 a 40. His question to his lords in the councell chamber taking vpon him the gouernment of all things he displaceth diuerse officers c. 466 b 10 40. Kept open houshold in the bishop of London his palace 474 a 10. Passeth ouer into Ireland with a mightie armie 481 b 20 Knighteth the foure Irish kings and others 481 b 30 482 a 20. Openeth his greeuances in the parlement 490 b 10. Saileth ouer into Ireland with a great armie 497 a 10. Letteth the realme to farme 496 a 60. A gard of Cheshire men about him 489 b 50. Roiallie receiued into London and his fauor recouered with gifts 479 b 50 60 479 a 10. Taketh the death of quéene Anne his wife gréeuouslie 481 a 20. Goeth ouer to Calis the interuiew betwéene him and the French king both their oths 486 a 60 b 20 40. Expenses at the interuiew betwéene him the French king 487 a 40 50. He and the duke of Glocesters priuie grudge 487 b 40. Conspireth the death of the duke of Glocester 489 a 60. He and the dukes of Lancaster and Yorke reconciled 490 a 50 He beareth saitn Edwards arms 492 b 60. Greatlie vexed in his sléepe after the execution of the erle of Arundell 392 a 20. Procureth the popes bull against the breakers of his statutes 493 a 50 His doome betwéene the dukes of Lancaster Norfolke 495 a 60. Affianced and maried to the emperors sister 439 b 50. Sumptuous in apparell he is committed to the Tower 501 b 40 60. Articles obiected against him wherby he was counted worthie to be deposed 502 a 20 c. He is persuaded to resigne the crowne to the duke 503 a 50. A copie of the said voluntarie renunciation b 10 504 a 30. His resignation is confirmed 505 a 10. The publication of the same a 30. Returneth out of Ireland and landeth in Wales 499 a 60. He despaireth of his safetie stealeth awaie from his armie taketh the castell of Flint b 20.30 He and his quéene in progresse 444 b 30. Appointed to be kept in perpetuall prison 513 a 10 20. He and his nobles at dissention 458 a 30. Goeth with an armie against the Scots 447 a 30 Burneth Edenburgh castell b 10. Returneth out of Ireland his dealing against the Wickleuists and their fauourers 482 a 20 40 b 30.483 a 50 c. Remooueth to saint Albans to sée execution doone vpon the rebels 437 a 20 Calleth in his letters of infranchising granted vnto the bondmen 437 a 10. Calleth in all such letters of manumission as the abbat of saint Albans had granted vnto his bondmen 438 a 10. He and the duke of Lancaster accorded 446 b 60. Maketh an agréement betweene the duke of Lancaster and the earle of Northumberland 439 b 20 Depriued he deliuereth to king Henrie the fourth all the goods that he hath his death personage fortune 507 b 50 60. His noble housekéeping and excesse in apparell the state of the relme in his time 508 a 10 20. The commons request against him 513 b 30 His desperat manhood in prison he is murthered he is brought to the Tower he is buried at Langlie forren princes abhor to heare of the shamefull murthering of him how the Gascoignes tooke his death 515 all The sundrie reports of his death 516 b 50 60. Reported to be aliue againe 525 a 60 b 10.520 a 10 533 a 60.522 b 20. And what harme it bred 525 a 60 Richard the third described the maner of his natiuitie his qualities 712 a 60 b 10. Dispraised 737 b 60. Beginneth his vsurped reigne 732 a 20 b 20. He createth seuentéene knights of the Bath what péeres and estates were attendant on him at his coronation the solemne ceremonies vsed thereat his wife quéene Anne and hir traine 733 all Practiseth the murthering of his
Cum priuilegio Anno. 1. Sim. Dun. Edwin and Marchar Quéene Aldgitha sent to Chester Wil. Mal. Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. The bishops blamed The archbishop of Yorke other submit themselues to king William Gemeticensiâ William Conquerour crowned 1067. according to their account which begin the yeare on the daie of Christ his natiuitie Polydor. Iohn Stow. Tho. Spoâ Seruitude bondage of the Nobilitie and Commonaltie to the Normans The ancient liberties and lawes of England remaine in Kent onlie Wil. Thornâ Sim. Dunel King William goeth ouer into Normandy Hen. Hunâ Polychron Sim. Dun. Edricke Syluaticus Richard Fits Scroope The riuer of Wye King William returneth into England H. Hunâ Matth. Paris Englishmen withdraw them to the woods as outlawes Polydor. Anno Reg. 2. Matth. Paris Matth. West Diuers of the English Nobilitie forsake their natiue countrie Polydor. Two at York wherein he left fiue hundred men in garrison Simon Dun. The Conqueror taketh froÌ the Englishmen their armour Couer few first instituted Matth. Weââ Edmund the great Wil. Malâ Simon Dun. This chaunced the 28. of Ianuarie on a wednesday Polydor. Polydor. Swetne and Osborne hath Matth. Paris Thrée hundred sailes saith M. W. but Sim. Dun. hath 240. Yorke burnt Normans slaine Simon Dun. A sharpe winter an enimie to warlike enterprises The Danes where they wintered Hen. Hunt Polydor. Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Wil. Malm. Sim. Dunel Earle Edwines lands giuen vnto Alane earle of Britaine Castell of Richmont Earle of Britaine Simon Dun. Matth. Paris maketh mention but of Sweine and Osborne whom he calleth brethren Wil. Malmâ Simon Duâ Anno Reg. 4. 1070. Polydor. Priuileges and fréedoms reuoked Matth. Paris Stigand Alexander bishop of Lincolne Polydor. The hard deling of K. William against the Englishmen The institution of the foure Termes The Excheker The Chancerie New lawes The lawes were written in the Norman toong Matters to be tried by a iurie of 12. men Matth. Paris Matth. West Wil. Mal. Wil. Thorne Abbâis searched Polydor. Simon Dun. Wil. Thorne Polydor. Sim. Dunel Stigand archbishop of Canturburie depriued Agelmarus bishop of Thetford was one that was deposed Simon Dun. Matt. Paris Thomas a canon of Bayeux made archbishop of Yorke Lanfranke consecrated archbishop of Canturburie Matth. Westm. hath the eight Kal. of Maie but Wil. Mal. and Eadmerus the fourth Kal. of September 1071 Anno Reg. 5. Wil. Mal. Eadmerus Wil. Malm. Anno Reg. 6. 1072 Matth. Weât The subiection of the archbishoprike of Yorke to the archbishoprike of Canturburie Polydor. The archbishop of Yorke acknowleged primate of all Scotland Ranulph Cestren lib. 1. cap. 57. lib. 7. cap. 2. Matt. Paris Ran. Higa H. Hunt Matth. Paris Polydor. Hen. Hunt Matth. Paris Simon Dun. Some write that he was so stubborne-harted that after he knew he should remaine in perpetuall prison he refused his meate and so pined him selfe to death A bloudie coÌmandement executed vpon the English by the Scots Polydor. Matth. Paris H. Hunt The king of Scots did homage to king William for Scotland Simon Dun. The kings iustice Mount caster now Newcastell Anno Reg. 9. 1075 Rafe Earle of Cambridge Matth. West Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. A rebellion raised against K. William Iohn Pike Anno Reg. 10. 1076 H. Hunt Earle Walteof beheaded Earledome of Huntingdon Matth. Paris Polydor. Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 11. 1077 Matth. Paris An earthquake a long frost a comet Married préests Anno Reg. 12. 1078 Polydor. A synod holden at London Bishops séeâ remooued Woolstan Anno Reg. 13. 1079 Matth. Paris Matth. West The French king setteth the sonne against the father Simon Dun. Matth. Paris The sonne ouerthroweth the father Simon Dun. Matth. Paris The father and the sonne made friends Anno Reg. 14. 1080 Simon Dunel The foundation of New castell vpon Tine which before that season was called Moncaster Simon Dun. Note the sequele of the neglect of iustice in the âormer storie Sim. Dunel Copsi Gospatrike Robert Mulbray earle of Northumberland The foundation of vniuersitie colledge in Oxford Anno Reg. 15. 1081 Anno Reg. 16. 1082 Odo suspected and banished Anno Reg. 17. 1083 Plow land Geruasius Tilberiensis The true definition of a hide of land Anno Reg. 18. 1084 Wil. Malm. Simon Dun. Thurstan abbat of Glastenburie William of Fescampe Hen. Hunt Wil. Malm. haue two slaine xiiij hurt Matt. Westm. Sim. Dunel Hen. Marle Matth. Paris Hen. Marle Anno Reg. 19. Simon Dun. Polydor. Matth. Paris The Conquerour seeketh to kéepe the English men low Polydor. The forrests seized into the kings hands Matth. Paris New forrest Matth. Paris An earthquake Polydor. Simon Dun. A rumor spred of the coÌming of the Danes Anno 20. Matth. West An oth taken to be true to the king Great sickenes reigning Murren of caâtell Matth. West Paules church burned Simon Dun. Ran. Higd. Simon Dun. Anno Reg. 21. Wil. Malm. Matth. Paris Wil. Mâlm Ran. Hâgd He inuadeth France Gemeticensis The citie of Maunt burnt by K. William Matth. West Matth. Paris King William departed this life Simon Dun. Matth. West The lix of his age hath Wâl Malm. He set all prisoners at libertie saith Wil. Malm. Polydor. He bare but two lions or rather leopards as some thinke Polydor. They gaue him an hundred pound saith Hen. Marle Hen. Marle Iohn Rouâ Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Iohn Rous. Hen. Marle Salisburie vse Shooting W. Patten collecteth this to be the 23. after the sun was in Virgo which is the 6 of SepteÌber 1087 Anno Reg. 1. Polydor. Sim. Dunel Matth. Paris Sim. Dunel Marchar and Wilnot Lanfranke had fauoured him euen of a child Matth. Pâris William Rufus is crowned the 26. of September Polydor. His bountifull ãâã Odo the bishop of Baiââx conspireth against his nâphue William Rufus The castell of Rochester Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. The bishop of Constance taketh the town of Bath Hugh Grandmesnill Hen. Hunt Wil. Mal. The earle of Shrewsburie Woâcester assalted Bishop Woolstan They slue fiue hundred and chased the residue as saith Simon Dunel The diligence of the archbishop Lanfranke The great curtesie shewed to the Englishmen by Wil. Rufus Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. H. Hunt Simon Dun. Gemeticensis Eustace earle of Bullongne Simon Dun. Rochester besieged by the king Anno Reg. 2. Polydor. The bishop of durham exiled Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie departeth this life Matth. Westm. Paule abbat of S. Albons Eadmerus Lanfranke praised for holding with the moonks The king giuen to sensuall lust and couetousnesse Matth. Paris Wil. Malm. Matt. Paris Matt. Pariâ Anno Reg. 3. 1090 Simon Dun. Warres betwixt the king and his brother Robert Anno Reg. 4. 1091 Gemeticensis A peace concluded Simon Dun. Mâtth West Matt. Paris Gemeticensis Sim. Dunel A mightie wind Anno Reg. 5. 1092 The Scots inuade England Wil. Malm. Sim. Dun. The repairing and new peopling of Carleil Matth. West Foure barons Nigell or Neal Piers Malbanke * Eustace whose surname we find not Warren Uernon The Lacies Iohn Bohun
Anno Reg. 6. Simon Dun. Hen. Hunt Matth Paris The king being sicke promiseth amendment of life Polydor. Eadmerus Anselme elected archbishop of Canturburie Eadmerus Matth. Paris Polydor. Robert Bluet L. Chancelor elected bishop of Lincolne Hen. Hunt Polydor. A proclamation that none should deparâ the realme Ran. Higd. Rées king of Wales slaine Wil. Thorne Malcolme king of Scots commeth to Glocester Wil. Malm. Polydor. K. Malcolme inuadeth England Simon Dun. Ran. Higd. Anno Reg. 7. 1094 Ran. Higd. Wil. Malm. Simon Dun. Death murren of cattell Strange woonders Matth. Paris Polydor. Simon Dun. King William passeth ouer into Normandie Wars betwixt the king and his brother Matth. West Polydor. A peace concluded betwixt the king and his brother Robert Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. The Welshmen inuade England The castell of Mountgomeriâ won by the Welshmen Anno Reg. 8. 1095 Robert earle of Northumberland refuseth to come to the king Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Maluoisin a fortresse built against Banbourgh Polydor. Banbourgh yéelded to the king Sâmoâ Dun. âhe earle of âwe Matth. Paris King William inuadeth Wales The king returneth out of Wales with dishonour Eadmeâus Murcherdach king of Ireland The councell of Clermount The iournie into the holie land Godfray be Bullion Anno Reg. 9. 1096. Hen. Hunt Wil. Thorne Simon Dun. A subsidie Eadmerus Polydor. The duchie of Normandie morgaged to king William Eadmerus Polydor. Anno Reg. 10. 1097 Eadmerus Waterford in Ireland made a bishoprike The archbishop of Canturburie primate of Ireland Murcherdach K. of Ireland Malchus consecrated bishop of Waterford The king eftsoones inuadeth the Welshmen Polydor. The Welshmen withdraw into the woods H. Hunt Simon Dun. R. Houed Anno Reg. 11. 1098 Matth. Paris Gyral Cam. Hugh earle of Shrewsburie slaine âab ex Guido de Columna Anno Reg. 12. 1099 Fabian Ran. Higd. Matth. Paris Polydor. The king goeth ouer into Normandie Finchamstéed Ran. Higd. Hen. Hunt Matth. West Wil. Malm. Hen. Hunt Matth. Paris Wil. Malm. The saieng of king William Rufus Man 's deliuered from an asséege Helias Hen. Hunt Polydor. Uariance betwixt the king and the archbishop Anselme Matth. Paris A thousand maâkes demanded of Anselme Eadmerââ Matth. Paris The king could not abide to âeare the pope named Eadmerus The kings demand to Anâelme A councell at Rockingham in Rutlandshire * If they be Gods people The king renounceth the archbishop for his subiect The bishops driuen to their shifts how to shape an answer The meane to pacifie the king The stiffenes of Anselme in withstanding the kings pleasure Matth. Paris Eadâeruâ Fabian Matth. Paris Anselme comming to Rome complaineth of the king Ranulfe bishop of Chichester Finess of préests that had wiues as by some writers it séemed Polydor. Robert Losaunge Ran. Higd. Wil. Malm. Stephan Harding a moonke Ran. Higd. Iacobus Philippus Berigonias Anno Reg. 13. 1100 The kings lauish prodigalitie Strange woonders Wil. Malm. A dreame Matth. West Wil. Malm. Sir Walter Tirell The king slaine Wil. Malm The liberall hart of king William Iewes An answer of a good Iew. A pretie deuision King William suspected of infidelitie Eadmerus Praieng to saincts His stature Whereof he tooke his surname Rufus Wil. Malm. Couentrie church ioined to the sée of Chester Anno Reg. 1. 1100. Wil. Thorne Geruasius Dorobernensis Matth. Paris The king âââketh to win the peoples fauour Simon Dun. Hen. Hunt Matth. Paris Anselme called home Wil. Malm. William Gifford bishop of Winchester Hen. Hunt Rafe bishop of Durham committed to the Tower Simon Dun. The first ordeining of the yard measure Wil. Malm. Wil. Malâ Polydor. The archbishop of Uienna the popes legat He is not receiued for legat Ran. Higd. Duke Robert chosen king of Hierusalem Polydor. Anno Reg. 2. Duke Robert is solicited to come into England to claim the crowne Wil. Malm. Simon Dun. In the Kal. of Februarie R. Houe Hen. Hunâ Polydor. Duke Robert arriued at Portsmouth Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. Hen. Hunt Polydor. Wil. Malm. Simon Dun. Hen. Hunt Hen. Hunt Wil. Thorne Matth. West Geruasius Dorober Simon Dun. Robert de Belesme earle of Shrewsburie Stafford wasted Arundell castell besieged Bridgenorth besieged Anno Reg. 3. The earle of Shrewsburie banished the realme A synod of bishops Eadmerus Abbats priors âepriued Matth. Parââ The cause why they wer depriued Hen. Hunt Sim. Dun. Eadmerus Mariage of préests forbidden Hen. Hunt Decrées instituted in this councell Against préests that were alehouse hunters Archdeaconries Subdeacons Préests sons Préests to wear crowns Tithes Benefices New chapels Consecration of churches Abbats Moonks Farmes Parsonages Contracts Wearing of haire Buriall Fond worshipping of men The cursse to be read euerie sundaie S. Bartholomewes by Smithfield founded Smithfield sometimes a common laiestall a place of execution Anno Reg. 3 Polydor. The king bestoweth bishopriks Matth. Paris Sim. Dunel Anselme refuseth to consecrate the bishops inuested by the king Gerard inuested archbishop of Yorke W. Gâfford bishop of Winchester Matth. Paris Wil. Thorne Polydor. Polydor. 1102 Anno Reg. 4. Ambassadors sent to Rome Anselme goeth also to Rome Eadmerus The saieng of Wil. Warlewast to the pope The popes answer to him Polydor. Wil. Malm. The pope writeth courteouslie to the king The earle of Mellent Anno Reg. 4. The K. persuaded to renounce his title to the inuestiture of prelats Eadmerus Duke Robert commeth into England to visit his brother Wil. Malm. Factious persons practise to set the two brethren at variance The earle of Mortaigne Richard earle of Chester A power of men sent into Normandie Gemeticenâis The k. passeth ouer to Normandie Anno Reg. 6. Simon Dun. Gemeticensis Polydor. 1106 Anno Reg. 7. The brethren depart in displeasure K. Henrie passeth into Normandie to pursue his brother They ioine in battell The Normans vanquished The earle of Mortaigne Eadmerus W. Crispine W. Ferreis Robert de Estoutuille The number slaine Gemeticensis Wil. Malm. Robert de Belesme The 27. of September chro de Nor. Simon Dun. Matth. West Anselme returneth home Duke Robert prisoner in the castell of Cardiff Gemeticensis Polydor. Maâth West Iohn Pike Richard prior of Elie. Polydor. Ran. Higd. Flemings coÌming ouer into England haue places appointed them to inhabit Wil. Malm. A councâll Sim. Dunel Eadmerus Anno Reg. 9. Préests are sequâstred froÌ their wiues Archdeacons and canons Archdeacons to be sworne Penance Polydor. Philip king of Fran. dead Lewis le gros K. of France Ambassadors from the emperour Maud the kings daughter fianced vnto the emperour Eadmerus The death of Gerard archbish of Yoâke Thomâs the kings chapleine succéeded in that sée The doubt of Anselme Anselme writeth to the Pope The popes answer to Anselme The archbishop of Yorke refuseth to come vnto Canturburie to be consecrated Looke in the 9. page and the first columne of the debate betwéen Thomas of Yorke Lanârenke of Canturburie The bishop of London deane to the archbishop of Canturburie The bishop of Rochester his chapleine A stout prelat Anselme senââeth to the king Ansâlme
The earle of Kent rescued and conueied into Wales Polydor. The king entreth into Wales with an armie Polydor. The king returneth out of Wales The earle of Penbroke in danger He is rescued The Poictouins discomfited Dearth Tempests An earthquake A death Matth. Paris Iohn Monmouth receiueth an ouerthrow Polydor. Matth. Paris A part of the towne of Shrewsburie burnt Polydor. Matth. Paris Matth. Paris The earle of Penbroke passeth ouer into Ireland He is taken prisoner Geffrey Maurish The death ãâã the earle of Penbroke Polydor. Matth. Pariâ Gilbert Marshall earle of Penbroke Officers called to accounts The truce ended Welshmen sent ouer to the aid of the earle of Britaine The earle of Britaine submitteth himselfe to the French king Anno Reg. 19. 1235 Polydor. Fabian * Sée the like in pag. 56. col 1. Matth. Paris The emperor Frederike marieth the king of Englands sister A great and sumptuous feast Matth. Paris Usurers called Caorsini of whome sée more in pag. 211. col 1. The bishop of London his doctrine Anno Reg. 20. King Henrie marrieth the ladie Elianor daughter to the earle of Prouance Matth. Paris The earle of Chester The constable of Chester The earle of Penbroke The wardeÌs of the cinque ports The earle of Leicester Erle Warren The earle of Hereford Lord William Beauchampe The citizens of London The citizens of Winchester A parlement at London Polydor. Strange sights Matth. Paris Great raine Matth. Paris Matth. West A great thunder A drie summer Gilbert Norman founder of Merton abbeie Anno Reg. 21. High tides Matth. Paris Wisbech people perishing by rage of waters A subsidie Matth. Paris Iohn Scot earle of Chester departed this life Ran. Higd. His sisters Cardinall Otho or Othobon The lords grudge at the king for receiuing the cardinall without their knowledge The legat praised for his sober behauiour A tournie at Blie Earle Bigot Anno Reg. 22. The legat holdeth a synod at London The legat coâmeth to Oxford A fraie betwixt the legats men and the scholers of Oxford A cookes almes The legats cooke slaine The legat complaineth to the king The earle Waren sent to apprehend the offendors The legat cursseth The regents of yâ Uniuersitie absolued Polydor. Matth. Paris The emperor of Constantinople coÌmeth into England The countesse of Peâbroke sister to the king married to Simon de Montford Polydor. The archbishop of Canturburie displeased with the marriage He goeth to Rome to coÌplaine of the king The earle of Cornewall ââ also offended for the same marriage Matth. Paris The earle of Leicester gathereth ãâã He goeth to Rome to get â dispensation or rather confirmation of his marriage Aid sent forth of England ââ the emperour Henrie Trubleuille Iohn Mansel Wil. Hardell The bishop of Winchester departeth this life Matth. Paris A naughtie wretch meant to haue destroied the K. * Sée his end in pag. 230. Seneca in Octa Hippol. Anno Reg. 23. 1239 Matth. Paris Uariance betwixt the king and the earle of Penbroke Simon earle of Leicester fled ouer into France The birth of king Edward the first Polydor. A strange star Matth. Paris Ranulfe Briton taken out of his house and led to the tower Great raine The legat beginneth to looke to his owne coÌmoditie Sir Robert de Twing The Iewes punished by the pursse A synod holden at London Anno Reg. 24. 1240 Matth. Paris Matth. West Baldwin de Riuers earle of the I le of Wight The woods about Leicester féeld Leolin prince of Wales departeth this life Griffin ap Maddockeâ King Henrie aided the pope with monie against the âââperour Complaint to the king of the collections made for the pope The answer of the king Polydor. The causes that mooued archbishop Edmund to depart the realme Matth. West Matth. Paris Polydor. The death of Edmund archbishop of Canturburie surnamed of Pontney A Charterhouse moonke apprehended Iustices itinerants William de Yorke Robert Lexinton iustices The earle of Cornewal goeth into the holy land The earle of Leiceâster goeth thither also The earle of Albemarle The dedication of the church of S. Paule in London The death of Isabell the countesse of Cornewall The lord Iohn Fitz Robert A comet A battell betwixt fishes Matth. Paris The kings manour at Mortlake A great wind An oth receiued The seneshall of Aquitaine Peter Rosso Peter de Supino got a vintiesme that is the 20 part of préests benefices Anno Reg. 25. 1241 Boniface de Sauoie elected archb of Canturburie Matth. Paris The earle of Cornewall ãâã intercessor ãâã a peace to be had betwixt the pope and the emperour He returneth into England Warres betwéene the Welshmen King Henrie goeth into Wales with an armie Dauid driuen to his wits end Dauid deliuereth his brother to the K. Matth. Pariâ page 765. Matth. Paris page 830. Iohn Maââsell Death of âââble men Lacie lâft ãâã issue maâe behind him so that his daughters inheritââ his lands Cardinall Somercotean Englishman An eclipse Anno Reg. 26. The death of the empresse Isabell. Wars renued betwixt the kings of England France The earle of March Gaguinus Matth. West Sundrie opinions in the kings councellers Charugage a certeine dutie for euerie Plowland The bishops of Durham sent into Scotland The king of Scots warden of the English marshes The archbishop of Yorke gouernor of the realme Thirtie barrels of English coine The king passeth ouer into France The French king inuadeth the earle of Marches land The number of the English armie Tailborge Xainctes An encounter betwixt the English and French The valiancy of the earle of Leicester and others Iohn Mansell Sir Iohn Barris Wil. de Sey. Gilbert de Clare slaine The earle of March is reconciled to the French king Matth. Paris The countesse of Bierne The reuolting of other French lords Sée pag. 42 43 44. pag. 152. of the historie of England Death in the French camp Truce ãâã betwixt the two kings Polydor. The queen ãâã England deliuered of a daughter William Marisch executiâ Sée pag. 223. The seas trâebled with men of warre Escuage gathered 20 shillings of euerie knights fée Matth. West Death of noble men Anno. Reg. 27. The earle of Cornwal and other returne home Prouision of graine and victuals taken vp and sent to the king The king led by strangers He is euill spoken of A truce taken for fiue years Nicholas de Mueles his lieutenant in Gascoigne Death of Noble men Hugh Lacie Fabian Matth. Paris Stars fallen after a strange manner Anno Reg. 28. The countesse of Prouance mother to the quéene commeth ouer into England The earle of Cornewall maried to the ladie Sanctia William Ralegh bishop of Norwich He is consecrated bish of Winchester by the pope He steleth out of the realme He giueth to the pope 6000 marks Martine the popes collectour Antichasis de Christi papae facinorb sub authore anânymo The nobles complainâ ãâã the king ãâ¦ã popes ãâã The king writeth to the pope Polydor. The king asâketh counsel how to procââ in
dealing of the Londoners to the hurt of the coÌmon-welth Ouid. lib. 8. Meta. fab 11. A parlement Matth. Paris Hurtred a messenger froÌ the pope The Welshmen spoile Penbrokeshire Uariance betwixt the earle of Penbroke and others The archbishop of Yorke depriued of his crosse Mansuetus the popes Nuncio The parlemeÌt proroged A late growth I dearth accompanied with a death Seuall archb of Yorke departeth this life Matth. Paris The kings halfe brethren Insanum parliamentum The demand of the lords Ordinances made An oth exacted of the king The earle of Leicester threatneth the earle of Penbroke The kings halfe brethren shift awaie They depart the Realme Henrie MoÌtfort pursueth the kings haâ brethren They sent to the French â Richard Gray capteine of Douer castell and lord warden of the ports Matt. VVest Foure and twentie gouernours The abuses of those gouernours M. Pal. in Virg. Fabian Contention betwixt the earles of Leicester and Glocester The lords come to the Guildhall to haue their ordinances confirmed A proclamation against purueâers A parlement The iustices sit at S· Sauiours Bailiffes and other officers punished Bakers punished Matth. Paris The Poictouins suspected to haue poisoned the English lords Walter Scotonie arreigned and condemned He suffereth A late haruest Dearth of corne increaseth Fasts processions vsed Richard Gray lord warden of the ports Erlotus the popes Nuncio returneth houie Matth. Paris The lord of Kedwellie slaine Matth. Paris Matth. Paris not well affected towards the gouernement of the realme as it then stood Godfrey de Kinton archbishop of Canturburie An ordinance against extortion Anno Reg. Ambassadors sent to the councell at Cambrey Ione countesse of Penbroke A great tempest of lightning and thunder Guy de Rochford banished Uariance and debat betwixt the studeÌts ãâã Oxford The Welshmen seeke to agreé with the king Henrie de Wingham elected bishop of Winchester Ambassadors sent to the K. of Almaine His protestation to their demand He changeth his purpose and commeth ouer into England He receiueth an oth not to infringe the statutes of Oxford A parlement A peace concluded vpon betwixt the kinges of England France The countesse of Leicester Contention betwixt the earles of Glocester and Leicester The friers preachers begin to inhabit at Dunstable The moonks hindred by the the comming of the friers Richard Gray discharged of his office of lord warden Walascho a frier sent from the pope The bishop of Bangor sent froÌ the prince of Wales to king Henrie The welshmen offer to resort vnto Chester Anno Reg. 44. I parlement The statutes of Oxenford read and the breakers of the same denounced accurssed Escuage granted Knights feés how manie were then in England Fabian I folkemote The king asketh licence to passe the seas Matth. West The king saileth ouer into France He compoundeth all differences with the French k. Polydor. N. Triuet Wil. Risang Matt. VVest Dissention betwixt prince Edward and the earle of Glocester Prince Edward and the earle of Glocâster are not suffered to come within the citie of London The king returneth into England The earle of Glocester confederateth ãâã selfe with the earle of Leicester Chr. Dunstab Matth. West A Iew at Teukesburie falleth into a iakes Matt. Westm. Death of Noble men Bach rather Matth. West Anno. Reg. 45. The king of Scots commeth to London Matt. West Chro. Dun. Fabian A folkemote holden at Pauls crosse An oth to be true to the king The lord Spenser discharged of his office Anno Reg. 46. The presumptuous procéedings of the baroÌs against the king I bull read at Pauls crosse Matth. West Many gouernors pernicious to a common-wealth The king of Almaine goeth ouer into Germanie Fabian The king hauing licence passeth ouer into France He falleth sick of a feuer quartane Chro. Dun. Death of noble men The earle of Glocester departeth this life Anno Reg. 47. Iewes slaine Matth. Westm. The Welshmen warre against the lord Mortimers tenants He séeketh his reuenge against them Fabian Thames frosen Uariance betwixt the citizens of LoÌdon and the constable of the towre Matth. West Prince Edward goeth against the Welshmen The archb of Canturburie goeth to Rome Fabian The lord maior of London sworne to be true to the king Cloked malice bursteth out The barons raise people The lord Clifford Chron. Dun. Prince Edward taketh monie out of the treasurie of the temple Mars lib. 11. Hor. lib. car 3. ode 24. The Londoners rob the house of the lord Gray Iohn MaÌsell fléeth into France The baronâ that rosâ against the king Their chéefe capteins The baronâ that tooke part with the king Risanger noteth this to be 1264. The barons make hauocâ The diligence oâ the lord maiâr of London The misdemeanor of lewd persons towards the quéene Chron. Dunst. Manh. West Chron. Dunst. Bishops trauell to make peace Strangers kéepe the castell of Windsore The great disorder in the citie of London Abington Nic. Treuer A parlement Abingâon The kings protestation against the articles at Oxeniord The matter put to the French king The French king giueth sentence against the barons Anno Reg. 4 8. Matth. Wesâm The lords that reuolted to the king Chron. Dun. Abington The king goeth again ouer to the French king Fabian Nic. Triueâ Castels gotten by prince Edward Worcester taken Matth. Weââ The citie of Glocester ãâã couered and put to finâ The coÌmoners of the citie of London agree with the barons R. Fabiaâ The manor ãâã Thistleworth spoiled The chéefâ cause that ãâã the K. of ââmaine so ãâã against the barons The lords that followââ the king Northamptââ taken by ãâã Scholers fight against the king Some write that Iohn de Balioll and Robert de Bruis and Peter de Bruis came to him here and not before Matt. West The castell of Turburie defaced The castell of Warwike taken The castell of Warwike raced The Iewes are killed Rochester besieged N. Triueâ Matth. West The kings halfe brethren come out of France to his aid The king incampeth at Lewes The barons send a letter to the king The answer to yâ barons He defieth them Matth. West N. Triuet The ordering of the battels The battels ioine Chron. Dunst. Prince Edward pursueth the Londoners The kings part put to the worse Matt. Westm. Nic. Triuer Matth. Paris Seuen hundred hath Abington Prince Edward commeth backe to his father Friârs suborned to treat a peace An agréement taken Matth. West Polydor. Matth. Westâ Lords taâââ on the kings side Fabian N. Triueâ Matth. Wesâ Peace proclaimed A new ãâã of the ãâã Matth. West N. Triuet The Londoners spoiled at Croidon Matt. West The earle of Darbie commeth to Chester with 20 thousand men The lords Mortimer and Audeliâ banished An armie lodged on Barham-downe Matth. West Chr. Dunstab Abington Prince Edward escapeth awaie Matth. West The earle of Leicesters sonne raiseth an armie He wan Winchester The armie of the earle of Leicesters sonne is discomfited N. Triuet The castell of Monmouth taken The battell of Euesham Polydor. The
Ambassadors from the French king for a perpetuall peace Froissard A proclamatiâ that all English benefited men in Rome should return into Englaââ The pope sââdeth his nuâcio to king Richard The popes nuncio openeth to the king the FreÌch kings priuie practises Nuncio Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie A sore bridle for the clergie The duke of Glocester his iournie into Prutzen land The duke of Glocester in great fauor with the commons Anno Reg. 15. A great death in Yorke and sundrie other places A parlement at London Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The duke of Lancaster ambassador for the king right honorablie receiued into France Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The flix gââten by excessiue feeding on fruits The lord ââior of Londââ commended for his carefull prouision of corne from beyond the seas in the time of dearth Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leceister abbeie The cause of the scarsitie was not want of breader corne Wooll sold dogcheape ãâã the stone Prouision against scarââtie to relieââ the poore O charitie of London A dolphin taken at London bridge Ambassadors sent to the French king to treat of peace Sir Robert Briquet a Frenchman of king Richard his priuie chamber The dukes of Lancaster Yorke the earls of Derbâe and Huntington the lord Thomas Persie the bishops of Durham and London were sent oâer as Froâssard saith A roiall ambassage The duke of Lancaster a prince of great renowme The truce prolonged for a yeare Thom. Wals. A councell at Stamford The duke of Gelderland commeth into England The duke of Gelderland dissuadeth the king from peace with the French and Scots The Londoners refuse to lend the king a thousand pounds A great fire kindled about a litle sparke A riot by the Londoners vpon the bishop of Salisburies men Walter Romane The bishop of Salisburie maketh a greéuous coÌplaint of the Londoners to the king The maior shiriffes of London sent for to Windsore to the king there imprisoned The liberties of London seized A gardian appointed to gouerne the citie of London Anno Reg. 16. Sir Edward Darlingrug lord warden of London Darlingruâ remoued ãâã Baldwine Radington made lord warden oâ London The liberties of London ãâã part confirmed in part condemned A sweét sacrifice He was ãâã with procesââon of the bishop clergie at S. Georges churches Southwâââ Gifts preââââed to the K. by the Londoners to pâcifie dâspleasure coâceiued agaiâââ them K. Richard roiallie ãâã into Lâââdon More gifts by the LoÌdoners to the king Tho. Walsin The liberties of London ratified by king Richard Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leceister abbeie The duke of Glocester made duke of Ireland His iournie into Ireland vnluckilie staied Uéere late duke of Ireland dieth at Louaine Tho. Walââ A parlement at Winchester The chancerie and kings bench kept at Yorke and froÌ thence remooued to LondoÌ Eures The I le of Man The dukes of Lancaster Glocester sent âo FraÌce to treat of a peace The French comissioners would haue Calis raced to the ground The demand of the English coÌmissioners Order taken that the demands on either side should be set downe in writing the better to be considered of The English gentlemen mainteined by the French warres The ãâã of the Frenchmen The commissioners meet againe The king oâ Armenie Obscure and doubtâull words to be opened A truce for foure yeares betweene England and France Anno Reg. 1â Great tempests Much hurt doone by greââ flouds in Suffolke A great ãâã in Essex Uariance betweene the duke of Lancaster and the earle of Arundell The death of queene Anne The K. defaceth the house of Shene bicause the queéne died there Anno Reg. 18. A proclamation that all Irishmen shuld returne into their countrie The English pale in IrelaÌd almost left desolate The yearelie reuenues of Ireland in K. Edward the third his daies The duke of Lancaster saileth into Aquitaine with an armie The Gascoignes flatlie refuse to accept the duke of Lancaster for their souereigne K. Richard passeth ouer into Ireland with a mightie armie Froissard Foure Irish kings submit themselues to K. Richard A parlement holden in Ireland A parlement at Westminster king Richard being in Ireland The Wickleuists wrote against the clergie The clergie complaine to the king of the Wickleuists and their fauorers K. Richard knighteth the foure Irish kings and others Froissard K. Richard returneth out of Ireland K. Richards dealings against the fauorers of the Wickleuists Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie Archbishop of Canturburies visitatioÌ Wickleuists excommunicated A ridiculous penance * For the papists saie that the sacrificing préest is the maker of his maker namelie God Boldnesse of women in ecclesiasticall matters taâed A fierie appârition of diuerse likenesses A head of waâ wrought by necromancie speaketh A fierie dragon seen in diuers places Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Walâââ in Rich. 2. pag. 341. A coniunctioÌ of Iupiter Saturne A schisme betwéene two popes for the dignitie of â Peters chaâre The Danes ãâã the Englâsh merchaÌts on the seas Great prises woone by the Danish pirets of the Englishmen Waltham bishop of Salisburie buried at Westminster amongst the kings Anno Reg. 19. The duke of IrelaÌds corps conueied from Louaine into England and there roiallie interred Froissard The Gascoignes send vnto K. Rich. signifieng vnto him that they ought not to be diuiâed from the crowne The grant of the duchie of Aquitaine to the duke of Lancaster reuoked Ambassadors sent into France to treat a marriage betwéene king Richard the French K. daughter Thom. Wals. The duke of Lancaster mârieth a ladie of a meane estate whome he had kept as his concubine Wickleuists increase The earle marshall affieth the French kings daughter in the name of king Richard Anno Reg. 20. A truce for 30 yeares betwéene England and France Tho. Walsin The popes letters to K. Rich. against yâ Wickleuists K. Richard goeth ouer to Calis The maner of the interview betweene king Richard and the French king Fabian Froissard Fabian The oth of the two kings The chapell of our ladie of peace The French K. giueth his daughter to king Richard in marriage The order of the French kings seruice at table The expenses of king Richard at this interview The mariage solemnized at Calis The maior of London and the citizens meete the K. the quéene on Blackeheath Certeine thrust to death in the prease on London bridge Iohn Stow. The quéens coronation The duke of Lancaster his bastards madâ legitimate by parlement The iustices reuoked out of exile Brest yéelded vp to the duke of Britaine Priuie grudge betwixt the king and the duke of Glocester The talke betwixt the king and the duke of Glocester Out of a French pamphlet The earle of saint Paule his counsell to K. Richard Polydor. The dukes of Lancaster Yorke excuse
the duke of Glocester to the king A conspirââââ betwéene the duke of Glocester and the abbat of ãâã Albons Out of an ãâã French pamphlet belonging to Iohn Stow. Anno Reg. 1â The purpââs of the conspirators The earle marshall discloseth the conspiraâie The earle of Rutland saith R. Graââoâ The duke of Glocester arrested Out of an old French pamphlet * For he was son to a king and vncle to a king The earle of Arundell apprehended The names of the appellants A gard of Cheshire men about the king The lords appointed to come in warlike manner to the parlemeÌt Polydor. The dukes of Lancaster Yorke assemble their powers to resist the kings dealings Caxton Fabian Polydor. The king and the dukes reconciled Caxton The great parlement The kings greeuanâââ opened in ãâã parlement Tho. Walâââ Iohn Busâââ William Bagot Thomas Greene. A new ãâã made within the palace of Westminster for the areignâment of the lords indicted Additions to Polychron Sir Iohn Bushie speaker The archbishop of Canturburie sitting in parlement is acââsed of treason by the speaker Impudent flatterie ãâã Walsi The charters of pardoÌ granted to the lords made void by parlement Thom. Wals. The archb of Canturburie condemned to perpetuall banishment Six daies saith Grafton The earle of Arundell areigned The duke of LaÌcaster high Steward of England at ãâã areignement The earle of Arundell his answers to the points of his indictmeÌt The earle of Arundell condemned The executioÌ of the earle of Arundell Ouid. The earle of Warwike arreigned of treason The parlemâââ adiourned to Shrewsburie The king kéepeth his Christmasse at Lichfield Cheshire made a priââcipalitie K. Richard prince of Chester Creation of dukes and earles K. Richard beareth saint Edward his armes The L. Reginald Cobham condemned The authoritie of both houses in parlement granted to certeine persons Thom. Wals. The K. procureth the popes buls against the breakers of his statuts Rightfull heires disherited Polydor. K. Richard his euill gouernment The duke of Hereford appealeth the duke of Norfolk of treson Thom. Wals. The duke of Surrie marshall and the duke of Aumarle constable of England The order of the procéeding in this appeale The obiection against the duke of Norfolke The duke of Norfolke his answer for himselfe The combat appointed to be doone at Couentrie The French pamphlet Iohn Stow. Fabian Anno Reg. ââ The order of the combat The combat staied by the king The king his dome betwixt the two dukes The duke of Hereford beloued of the people The duke of Hereford is honorablie interteined with the French king Froissard Hor. lib. âpist 1. Fabian Blanke charters The death of the duke of Lancaster Tho. Walsi The duke of Yorke misliketh the court goeth home The realme let to farme by the king Tho. Walsi New exactions The paimâââ of these ãâã Was called â plesance as ãâã were to pleasââ the K. withall but yâ ãâã displeased manie that were thus constreined to paie against theiâ willes The people confirme the oth of allegiance by writing sealed Indirect dealings Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Waââ pag. 395. Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Waââ pag. 395. Polydor. A iusts at Windesor The king saileth ouer into Ireland with a great armie Fabian Caxton The duke of Yorke lieutenant generall of England the king being in Ireland Hân Marl. Out of a French pamphlet that belongeth to master Iohn Dec. Macmur Pioners set a worke to cut downe woods Macmur sendeth to the K. offering a parlee The earle of Glocester Anno Reg. 23. He came to Dublin the 28 of Iune as Henrie Marl. saith The duke of Aumarle In Angl. praelijs sub Rich. 2. The duke of Lancaster solicited to expell king Richard and to take vpon him the regiment The duke of Britaine a great âriend âo the duke of Lancaster The duke of Lancaster ãâã adherents ãâã into England Additions to Polychron Thom. Wals. âhron Brit. Froissard âho âaâsing The commoÌs âenie âo resist âhe duke of âancaster The duke of Lancaster laÌdeth in Yorkshire Additions to Polychron The duke of ãâ¦ã to the lords âhat ãâã him The harts of the commoââ wholie bent âo the duke of Lancaster The duke of Lancaster marcheth to Bristow Scroope ãâã treasuror Bushie and Greene executed A politike ââdnesse Out of master Deeâ French booke K. Richard returneth out of Ireland and landeth in Wales Thom. Wals. Additions to Polychron K. Richard in vtter despaire K. Richard stealeth awaie from his armie and taketh the castell of Flint A speciall note woorthie to be well weied Hor. lib. car 3. ode 1. The earle of Worcester leaueth the K. and fléeth to the duke Where fortune fauoureth thither the peoples fauour fléeth The duke of Lancaster comming to Chester Perkin a Lee. Out of master Dees booke Holt castell deliuered to the duke Some ãâã that the archbishop of Câââturburie and the earle of Westmerland weÌt also ãâã the earle of Northumberland to Conwaie The earle of Northumberlands message to the king The king leaueth Conwaie castell and betaketh himselfe to his enimies A constant seruant The dukes behauiour to the king at their meéting The dukes demand The king and the duke iournie togither towards London K. Richard sumptuous in apparell The dukes receiuing into London The king coÌmitted to the tower A parlement in the kings name The king is persuaded to resigne the crowne to the duke Fabian This promise he made at Flint rather than at Conwaie as by that which goeth before it may be partlie coniectured â Richards resignation confirmed by ãâã The demand of the archbishop of Canturburie to the commons Thom. Wals. The duke of Hereford placed in the regall throne The archbishop preached Abr. Fl. out of Fabian pag. 351. The words of the elected king Thom. Wals. The coronation proclaimed The parlemeÌt King Henrie the fourth proclamed T. Wats Aminâ taâ querela 5. K. Richard depriued Hall His personage Harding The noble house-kéeping of king Richard Excesse in apparell Ignorant prelats âânenâis ââiscopus In Angl. praelijs New officers made The paâlemeÌt new suÌmoned Record Tuââis Claiming of offices at the coronation Curtana The earle of Summerset The earle of Northumberland The I le of Man Lancaster sword The earle of Westmerland The duke of Norffolke Sir Thomas Erpingham The earle of Warwike Sir William Argentine Iuon Fitzwarren The lord Furniuall The lord Graie Great spââs The second sword The earle of Arundell The citizens of London Thomas Dâmocke Baldwin Freuill The lord Latimer William lâ Uenour The barons of the cinquâ ports Knights of the Bath The lord maior of London The earle of March enuied the K. preferment Edmund erle of Lancaster vntrulie fasned to be surnamed Crookebacke Sir Iohn Chenie speaker of the parlement dismissed and William Durward admitted Acts repealed Acts confirmed Fabian Sir Iohn Bagot discloseth secrets Henrie the fourth suspected not to be well affected towards the church before his comming to the crowne The duke of Aumarle accused The duke of Aumarle
Walsin Hypod. pag. 164. The Frenchmens demand of the I le of Wight The answer of the Ilandmen The duke of Orleance his challenge The answer of king Henrie The duke of Orleance besiegeth Uergi in Guien The lord du Chastell slaine Owen Glendouer wasted the English marches Crueltie of the Britains Flemings The ââuntes of Oxford K. Richard once againe aliue Serlo one of K. Richards chamber The countesse of Oxford committed to prison Hir secretarie executed The earle of Northumberland coÌmeth to the king Sir William Clifford bringeth Serlo to the king Serlo examined for the duke of Glocesters death He is drawen through euery good towne He is executed at LoÌdon Anno Reg. 6. The lâymens parlement Strife betwixt the laitie and spiritualtie The archbishop of Canturburie answereth for his brethren Sir Iohn Cheinie speaker of the parlement The archb chafeth He spake like a âord The kings answer to the archbishop Abr. Fl. oât of Thom. Walfi Hypod. pag. 167. Two fiftéens granted Letters patents reuoked A tenth and â halfe granted by the cleargie Ouer ãâã of the sea The death of WilliaÌ Wickham He was also at one time treasuror of England as Leland gathereth The earle of Marches sonnes Thom. Walsin The ladie Spenser coÌmitted to ward She accuseth hir brother the duke of Yorke WilliaÌ Maidstone esquier offred to fight in his ladies quarrell The earle marshall accused The K. wanteth monie can get none of the lords Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Wals. Hypod. pag. 159. Iust. lib. 1. Herod lib. 1. Val. Max. lib. 8. cap. 7 The castell of Marke besieged about the middest of Maâe as Iac. Meir saith Sir Philip Hall The earle of S. Paule put to flight Ia. Meir Arde assaulted by Englishmen The marques du Pount An armie sent to Calis and to the sea Chr. Fland. Ia. Meir The English men besieged the castell of Sluis A great fight by sea Threé caricks are taken Townes in Normandie burnt The duke of Burgognie prepareth to besiege Calis The chéefe ãâã of the malice betwixt the dukes of Burgognie Orleance A new coÌspiracie against king Henrie by the earle of Northumberland others The archbishop of Yorke one of the cheéfe conspirators The archbishop in armor The estimation which men had of the archbishop of Yorke The earle of Westmerland and the lord Iohn of Lancaster the kings sonne prepare themselues to resist the kings enimies The forest of Galtrée The subtill policie of the earle of Westmerland The archbishops protestation why he had on him armes The earle of WestmerlaÌds politike dealing The archbishop of Yorke and the earle marshall arrested Eiton The archbishop of Yorke the earle marshall others put to death Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Walsin Hypod. pag. 168. * Archiepisââââ The archbishop reputed a martyr The lords executed The earle of Northumberland Berwike castâll yéelded to the king The sonne ãâã the lord Greistoke and others put to death Exton The castell ãâã Alnewike yeelded to the king The K. paâseth into Wales He looseth his cariages He returââââ Hâll The marshall MoÌtmeraÌcie sent to aid Owen Glendouer Carmarden woone by the French Hereford west manfullie defended Enguerant de Monstrelleâ saith they burnt the townes but could not win the castell The suburbs of Worcester burnt French lords slaine The Frenchmen returne home Anno Reg. 7. Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Walsin Roiston burned A parlement A fiftéenth graÌted by âhe temporaltie A new kind of subsidie granted by the cleargie The lord Fleming lost his life for giuing knowledge to the earle of Northumberland of that which was meant against him Dissention amoÌg the Scotish nobilitie Eleuen years saith Harding The prince of Scotland staid here in England Hall Robert Halome archb of Yorke The king and the queéne brought hir to Lin where she tooke shipping Tho. Walsi Anno Reg. 8. The duke of Yorke restored to libertie The earle of Kent in fauor with the king He marrieth a daughter of Barnabo lord of Millane Abr. Fl. out oâ Thom. Walsi Hypod. pag. 161. Roger of Waldens variable fortune Ouid. lib. ââ Pont. 4. An additiââ of Franââ Thin * Coniers * Ogle The duke of Orleance besââgeth towns in Gascoigne Henrie Paie â valiant sea man k. Richard still aliue as was âeigned The king in danger to be taken by French pirats Sir Thomas Rampston taken The king escaped through swiftnesse of his ship The lord Camois put in blame Henrie Bowet archbishop of Yorke Abiruscwith Owen Glendouer Sir Robert Knols departeth this life Bermondsey S. Albons He was buried in the White friers He built Rochester bridge commonlie called Knols bridge Thom. Wals. Anno Reg. 9. Thom. Wals. A subsidie The lord Camois arreigned acquited The earle of Northumb. the lord Bardolfe returne into EnglaÌd The shiriffe of Yorkeshire His hardie corage to fight The earle of Northumberland slaine Abr. Fl. out of Tho. Walsin Hypod. pag. 172. The abbat of Hails hanged The earle of Kent sent to the sea Briake in Britaine assaulted by the Englishmen The earle of Kent wouÌdeâ to death Briake taken by force The countes of Kent maketh hir owne choise of hir second husband A disputation betwixt diuines of Oxford Cambridge for their obedieÌce to the pope Anno Reg. 10. The cardinal of Burges coÌmeth into England in disfauor of pope Gregrie The resolutioÌ of the French king concerning the two pâpes A coÌuocation at S. Paules in London Ambassadors appointed to go to the councell at Pisa. The contents of the kings letters to the pope Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Wals. Hypod. pag. 159. Wicklifs doctrine mainteined by the learned SenteÌce pâânounced against Wicklifs books Fabian Iusts in Smithfield Owen Glendouer endeth his life in great miserie Anno Reg. 11. Officers made A paâlement Tho. Walsi Fabian Thom. Wals. King Henrie a ââuorer of the clergie Iohn Badbie burnt Tho. Walsi The prince being present at the execution offereth him pardon Notable constancie of Badbie The kings demand in the parlement A long parlement A fiftéenth granted Earle of Surrie deceasseth Preparation made to win Calis Thom. Walsi Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Wals. Hypod. pag. 175. The engines of the duke of Burgognie against Caliâ that shot out barrels of pâââson Sir Robert Umfreuill viceadmerall Harding His ãâã Scotland His surname Robert Mendmarket By what occasion he came by that surname The earle of Angus Umfreuill coÌmonlie called erle of Kime 1411 Anno Reg. 12. A great death by the flix Iohn Prendergest and William Long. Long committed to the Tower The archbishop of Canturburie not suffred to visit the vniuersitie of Oxenford France disquieted with two factions The duke of Orleance murthered The earles of Arundell and Angus with others sent to aid the duke of Burgognie Anno Reg. 13. Saint Clou taken by the helpe of the Englishmen Sir Manserd de Bos put to death Harding Recor. Turris Creations of noblemen Hall The Orleantiall factioÌ sueth to the K. of England for aid The confederates of the Orleantiall
Seuerine besieged * Goche A legat from Rome sent to treat a peace betwixt the English and French A truce for six yeares Chartres taken by treason notwithstanding the truce The two errours A parlement called by the duke of Glocester the king being in France A peace concluded with the Scots King Henrie returneth out of France into England The duchesse of Bedford sister to the duke of Burgognie deceassed The duke of Bedford marieth with the earle of saint Paules daughter The Frenchmen breake the peace and take the town of Saint Ualerie Laignie besieged Anno Reg. ââ The castell of Rone like tâ be taken by treason of the capteine The lord of saint Paule deceassed Anno Reg. ââ Prisoners killed The lord Talbot sââleth into France The lord Talbot Earle of Arundell Louiers besieged Saint Selerine won by assault An insurrection in Normandie The earle of Arundell deceassed The duke of Bourbon dieth at London W. P. Anno Reg A tourne sââprised by eâtrance of a common priuie The ãâ¦ã warre W. P. 14â4 Onuphrius Panâânâââ An. 3. Nichol. 143â A solemne tretie of peace at Arras Abr. Fl. Sil. Ital. lib. 11. * Or rather Goche * Or Goche S. Denis t aken by the Englishmen A peace betwéen Charls of France and the duke of Burgognie Spoile vpon the Burgognian people in London W. P. Anno Reg. 14. The death of the duke of Bedford regent of FraÌce A worthy saieng of a wise prince The duke of Yorke made regent of France Abr. Fl. Sée before pag. 581. The treson of the Parisiens Paris yéelded to the French king The duke seÌt into France too late The duke of Burgonie prepareth an armie against Calis The duke of Burgognie with fortie thousand meÌ Calis besieged by the duke of Burgognie The dukes enterprise to bar yâ hauen The dukes bastile woone The duke of Burgognie breaketh by the siege before Calis and fléeth the 26 of Iulie A gun callââ Digeon The duke of Glocester spoileth Flanders âââland Enguerant The king of Scots fled ârom his siege ãâã Rockesâurgh Anno Reg. 15. A truce taken betwéene the king of England and the duchesse of Burgognie Hall 14â7 Katharine mother to king Henrie maried Owen Teuther Abr. Fl. Quéene Elizabeth * Or rather Goche Harflue besieged and woon by the Englishmen The duke of Summersets infortunatââs Iames king of Scots murthered Abr. Fl. ex Polychr The earle of Warwike made regent of France Anno Reg. 16. The earle of Warwike regent came into France Croitoy bâââeged by the duke of Burgogâe Croitoy rescued 14â8 Anno Reg. 17. Dearth of vittels Abr. Fl. ex Polychr Bread made of ferne roots A seat of a politike capteine wise councellor Two shrewd persuaders Anno Reg. 18. Ponthoise recouered by the English Anno Reg. 19. Eâguerant The duke of Yorke againe made regent of France Ponthoise besieged by the French king but valiantlie defended A policie for a bridge Enguerant de Monstrelleâ Edw. Hall Anno Reg. 20. Ponthoise gotten by the French Enguerant Sir Nicholas Burdet slaine The duke of Orleance deliuered Lewes the twelfe W. P. Earle of saint Paule fréend to the English This should be as Enguerant noteth two yeares after this present yere 19 to ãâã An. 1440. Thrée thousand hath Nicolas Giles The earle of saint Paule reuolteth to the French Tartas besieged The change in warre The lord Talbot The earle of Dunois An excellent finesse in warre Quid. 1. de art A new breach betwéene the duke of Glocester and the bishop of Winchester Ex Ed. Hall 143 144 145 146. Aliâs Iohn ãâã ãâã Fl. King Edward the fourth borne Aâr. Fl. A great fraie by night Abr. Fl. ex âaâian 438. Tailors malepertnesse at the election of an alderman 1442 ânno Reg. 21. Iohn lord Talbot created earle of Shrewesburie Fr. Thin The earle of Arminacks daughter affied vnto king Henrie The erle with his ladie his sonne and two daughters taken Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 441. A law against buâeng and selling on the sundaie Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 441. Polychr Paules stéeple burnt Anno Reg. 22. The diet at Tours for a peace to be had betwéene England and France A truce ãâã â moneths The ãâã misliked ãâã second ãâã of the kings mariage Creations of estates Anno Reg. 23. 1445 Margaret daughter to Reiner K. of Sicill Ierusalem maried to Henrie the sixt Abr. Fl. ex Polychron An âminous mariage Ouid. 2. de arâ Anno Reg. 24. The duke of Summerset made regent of NormaÌdie and the duke of Yorke discharged The duke of Yorke appointed to the charge againe The appointmeÌt disappointed and pointed to the marquesse of Suffolke The marques of Suffolks request Thâ marques of Suffolke chéefest in fauour and authoritie with the king and quéene A commotion in Norwich The libeâtââs of Norwich seized intâ ãâã kings hands Indirect meanes to reforme wrongs Abr. Fl. ex Fabian 343. Polychron Combats in cases of appeales touching treason Drunkennesse the ouerthrow of right and manhood Anno Reg. 25. The description of the quéene The quéâââ taketh ãâã hir the gouernement and dischargeth the ãâã of Glocesteâ The faint quarell piked to the duke of Glocester A parlement at saint Edmândesburie The duke of Glocester suddenlie murthered Edâ Hall A pardon at a pinch Dukes of Glocester ââfortunate W. P. Anno Reg. â6 Marquesse of Suffolke made duke The duke of Yorke tempering about his title to the crowne The death of the bishop of Winchester his descriptioÌ W. P. Lib. 23. Bale WilliaÌ Wâââfleet bishop ãâã Winchester lord chancellor of England founder of Magdelââ college in Oxford An. Dom 44â Malmesbâââe Abr. Fl. et Fabian 447. A combat vpon triall of manhood betwéene a French and an Englishman The compassion of the Englishman to his eniâââ Anno Reg. ââ Sir Francis Suriennes Fougiers PoÌt de Larch taken by the FreÌchmen by a subtill sleight The warres renewed befor the end of the truce A rebellion in Ireland The English loose all in France Rone yeélded to the French men Harflue besieged Sir Thomas Curson Harflue yéelded to the French Anno Reg. 28. Sir Thomas Kiriell with a new band into France The English men ouerthrowne at Formignie * Or rather Goche Caen besieged and yéelded to the French The irreconciliable hate betwéene the two dukes * Goche All Normandie lost The state of it The causes of the losse The mortell mischéefe of malice and diuision ând realme Anno Reg 2â W. P. The commoÌs ãâã against the duke of Suffolke The parlemeÌt adiourned froÌ London to Leicester and from thence to Westminster Edw. Hâll The duke of Suffolke coÌmitted to the Tower Blewbeard capteine of the rebels The wretched death of the duke of Suffolke Iacke Cades rebellion in Kent Abr. Fl. eâ I. S. 653. Abr. Fl. ex ãâã 654 655 6â6 657 c. King Henrie went against the Kentishmen with a great power The Staffords slaine at Senocke by Iacke Cade The lord Saie beheaded at the staÌdard in Cheââ *
bright sunne Owen Teuther and other taken and beheaded Whethamsted The northern men enter into S. Albons They passe through it The second battell at S. Albons The ãâã part ãâã 1916 as Iohn Stow noteth Sir Iohn Graie slainâ Thomas ãâã esquier sent to the northerne lordâ Edw. Hall Prince Edward ãâã knight The northern âen spoile the towne of saint ãâã The queéne sândeth to the mâior of Londoâ for vittels Uittels sent by the maior and staid by the commons The quéene returneth northward The great hopâ of the people conceiued of the erle oâ March The earle of March elected king The lord Fauconbridge The earle of March taketh vpon him as king Abr. Flem. * Wakefield Peter Basset wrote king Henrie the fift his life Fabian and Caxton Anno Reg. 1. The earle of March taketh vpon him as king His title declared He is proclamed king The lord Fitz Water slaine The earle of Warwike A proclamaâtion The lord Clifford ãâã Dintingdale Crueltie paid with sudden mischiefe The lord Fauconbridge Saxton Whethamsted saith that K. HeÌries poweâ excéeded in number king Edwards ãâã twentie thousand men An heauie proclamatioÌ Palmesundaie field The earle ãâã Northuâberland The obstinate minds of bâth parts King Henries part discomfited Cocke or riuer The number slaine in battel of SaxtoÌ otherwise called Palmesunâaie field King Henrie withdraweth to Berwike from thence into Scotland Queene Margaret with hir sonne goeth into France Iohn Stow. Anno Reg. 2. The duke of Summerset other submit them to king Edward Plant. in Mostel 1463 Anno Reg. 3. The quéene returneth foorth of France Banburgh castell The duke of Summerset reuolteth The lord Montacute Hegelie moore Sir Rafe Persie Exham field The duke of Summerset taken King Henrie fled The duke of Summerset beheaded The earle of Kime otherwise Angus beheaded Alnewike castell besieged 1464 Anno Reg. 4. King Henrie taken Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 717. The earle of Penbroke Ab. Flem. Vir. Acâ 6. New coinâ stamped Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 716. Sergeants feast Register of maiors The maior of London departeth from the sergeantâ feast The earle of Warwike sent into France about a marriage The ladie Elizabeth Graie Ouid. de rem am lib. 1. 1465 Anno Reg. 5. The earle of Warwike offended with the kings mariage The earle of Warwike kéepeth hâs gréefe secret Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 717. Long piked shooes forbidden 1466. Anno Reg 6. Cotteshold shéepe transported into Spaine Truce with Scots 1467 Anno Reg. â The bastard of Burgognie ambassadour into England Iusts betwixt the bastard of Burgognie the lord Scales The law of armes The death of the duke of Burgognie George Neuill archbishop of Yorke 1468. Anno Reg. 8. The ladie Margaret sister to king Edward sent ouer to the duke of Burgognie Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 719 720. in Quart Abr. Fl. * Giuen at Richmont on the first of October An. Dom. 1585. Anno Reg. 27. Fabian 497. Sir Thomas Cooke Abr. Fl. ex Edw. Hall it Edw. 4. fol. cxcviij c. 1469 Anno Reg. 9. A commotion in Yorkeshire Saint Leonards hospitall in Yorke A rebellion Robert Huldorne capteine of the rebâls taken and beheaded Sir Iohn Coniers The earle of Penbroke The lord Stafford The Welshmen discomfited Hedgecote BaÌberie field Discord what it bréedeth The valiant manhood of sir Richard Herbert Iohn Clappam The Welshmen slaine Abr. Flem. Robin of Reddesdale The erle Riuers and his sonne beheaded The lord Stafford of Southwike beheaded King Edward taken prisoner Middleham caâtell Abr. Flem. Sir William Stanleie K. Edward is deliuered out of captiuitie He commeth to London Sir Thomas Dimmocke Anno Reg. 10. The lord Welles and Thomas Dimmocke beheaded Losecote field The faithfulnesse of the lord Stanlie The duke of Clarence and the earle of Warwike take the sea The earle of Warwike kept out of Calis Monsieur de Uauclere made deputie of Calis The double dealing of monsieur de Uauclere The lord Duras was â Gascoigne also The earle of Warwike laâded at Diepe Ambois Iohn marques Montacute The earles ãâã Penbroke â Oxford A league Edward prince of Wales mâried The promise of the duke of Clarence The loue which the people bare to the earle of Warwike A pâoclamaâion King Edward coÌmeth to Lin and taketh ship to passe ouer seas The lord Hastings The number that passed ouer with king Edward Abr. Fl. King Edward arriued at Alquemarâ The lord Gronture Edw. Hall fol. ccix Abr. Flem. Iohn Hooker alià s Vowell Lord DinhaÌ and baron Carew with their power come to Excester The duke of Clarence ãâã the earle of Warwike ââiorne at Eâcester and in pursue of the king The king is receiued ãâã honorablie ãâã to the citie of Excester The citizenâ be neuoleâââ to the king How long the king continued in the citie The duke of Clarence ãâã the earle of Warwike ãâã on the English coasts The practise ãâã knight ãâã chiefe ãâã at the ãâã to rid ãâã of ãâã In vniust or âurmised charge of the ânight against the keeper of his parkâ The kéeper killeth his maister the knight with an arrow Abr. Flem. ãâã 5. K. Edwards fréends take sanctuarie Queéne Elizabeth deliuered of a prince Ab. Flem. The Kentishmen make an hurlie burlie King Henrie fetched out of the Tower restored to his kinglie gouernement A parlement K. Edward adiudged an vsurper Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 725. The earle Tiptoât beheaded The crowne intailed Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 722 723. The earle of Warwike his housekéeping Fabian The earle of Warwike instituted gouernour of the realme Iasper earle of Penbroke Margaret countesse of Richmond and Derbiâ The saieng of king Henrie the sixt of Henrie of Richmond after king Henrie the seuenth Ab. Flem The ragged staffe The duke of Burgognie sendeth ambassadors to Calis 14â1 He asketh K Edward vnder hand W. Fleetwood He arriueth on the coast of Norffolke Anno Reg. 11. The earle of Oxford He arriueth at the head of Humber He landeth at Rauenspurgh Martine de la Mare or Martine of the sea He passeth toward Yorke Sée before page 664. K. Edward without interruption passeth forward to Yorke Thomas Coniers recorder of Yorke K. Edward commeth to Yorke He receiueth an oth The marques Montacute suffereth king Edward to passe by him K. Edward commeth to NorthamptoÌ Edw. Hall The duke of Excester and a power aâ Newarke K. Edward commeth to Leicester The earle of Warwike in Couentrie K. Edward prouoketh the earle of Warwike to fight He coÌmeth to Warwike A treatie for peace The duke of Clarence Préests vsed for priuie messengers K. Edward and his brother of Clarence reconciled vnwitting to the earle of Warwike The dissimulation of the duke of Clarence The brethren méet louinglie togither Buchan in psal 133. The duke of Clarence seéketh to make peace betwixt the king and the earle of Warwike The earle ãâã Warwike âââswer to the duke of Câârence ãâã K. Edward passeth London The archbishop of Yorke
Sebastian Gabato his discouerie of ân Iland of rich commodities Anno Reg. 14. England and Scotland liklie to go togither by the eares aâresh The bishop of Durham asswageth the kings displeasure by leters The bishop of Durham goeth into Scotland The Scotish king desireth the ladie Margaret eâdest daughter of K. Henrie the seuenth to be his wife Pârâin Warbecke escapeth from his keepers Perkin maketh an anatomie of his descent or liâage Perkins education or bringing vp Perkin a notable land-loper The Irish would haue Perkin takâ vpon him to be the duke of Clarences sonne They bearâ Perkin downe with oths that he is king Richards bastard They call hiâ duke of yorke â Paâ in Virg. Anno Reg. 15. Patrike an Augustine Frier Rafe Wilford the counterfeit earle of Warwike The counterfeit earle is executed Abr. Fl. ex Eââ Hall in Hân 7. fol. lj The cause why the clergie neuer so heinouslie oâfending was so âauoured Burning in the hand when enacted Perkin corrupted his keepers Edward Plantagenet earle of Warwike a verie innocent Perkin and Iohn Awater executed at Tiburne Edward Plantagenet the yoong earleÌ of Warwike beheaded A great plague Edward the kings third sonne christened The manour of Shéene burnt Richmond built in place thereof I. S. pag. 874. King Henrie the seuenth âaileth to Calis The king of England and the duke of Burgognie méet at saint Peters church without Calis Abr. Fl. ex Edw. Hall in Hen. 7. fol. lij Anno Reg. 16. A yeare of Iubile Pope Alexander maketh profit of his great pardon or heauenlie grace as he termeth it Abr. Fleâ Antith ãâã papâ pag 31 40. Thrée bishâââ dead in one yeare Two notabâe mariages Katharine daughter to Ferdinando K. of Spaine affiâd to Arthur prince of Wales Anno Reg 1â The fourth ãâã October as Stow hath noted Abr. Flem. ex Edw. Hall fol. liij The solemnization of the mariage betweene Arthur prince of Wales Katharine daughter to the king of Spaine Edw. Hall fol. liij Margaret eldest daughteâ to king Henrie affied to Iames king of Scots Prince Arthur is sent into Wales Iohn Stow pag. 874 875. The maiors feast first kept at Guildhall Woollen cloth of two shillings the brode yard Dikes of LoÌdon clensed Men brought from the new found Ilands Edmund erlâ of Suffolke flieth into Flanders The discontented mind of the earle of Suffolke The kings woonted policie now againe practised Tirrell and Windam beheaded ãâã restrained The death of Arthur prince of Wales Edw. Hall iâ Hen. 7. fol. ââ Anno Reg. 1â 1503 King Henrie the seauenthâ chapell at Westminster first builded Abr. Fl. ex ãâã pag. 876. Six kings of England brethren with the tailors companie in Loâdon before they were eâtituled mârchant tailors Prior of Shene mââthered A drie sââmer Sir Reginald Braie his ãâã Iuât coÌmenââtions of Morton archââââop of Cantârburie and âir Reginald Braie Cassimire ââbaâsadour from the empârour Maxâââlâan The sumptuââs araie of tâe earle of Northumbârland The mariage ãâã the ãâã of Sââts ãâã Margaret king Henries eldest daughter Anno Reg. 19. The king coueâous in his old age Richard Empson Edmund Dudleie Promoters Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 876 Sergeanâs feast whereat were the king and all his nobles at dinner Fire on London bridge Fire Parlement Anno reg 20. The king of ãâã intertâined honorablie Prodigious tokens or accidents haue their issue in truth Sée pag. 657. Abr Flerâ eâ Guic. pag. 4â Thrââ sânneâ séene at once in the night Abr. Fl. ex Guic. pag. 355. King Philip saileth out of Flanders into Spaine King Philip cast by casualtie of sea vpon the coasts of England Philip promiseth to redeliuer to king Henrie the duke of Suffolke Anno Reg. 22. The sweting sicknesse eftsoones returneth Ed. Hall in Hen. 7. fol. 53. Abr. Fl. ex Guic. pag. 31â Pag 31â Pag 3â7 A practisâ of âword by ãâã to an ãâã purpose ãâã âxpope ãâã with the ãâã that his ãâã son had ãâã poison ãâã cardinall ãâã Cornette Eâb Hâss G Buch. in Psal. 7. The lord Daubenie dieth Anno Reg 23. Guidebald duke of Urbin in Italie made knight of the garter Thomas Sauage archbishop of Canturburie deceassed Abr. Fl. ex Guic. pag. 18â Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 879. William Capell sued by the king Tho. Kneisworth imprisoned Norwich on fier Frée schoole at Wlfrunehampton Iohn Ligh of WlfrunehaÌpton his rare example of charitie WlfrunehaÌpton corruptlie called Wolnerhampton Excharta Regia Smart Hospitall of the Sauoie Rec. of Canturb church Fr. Thin Thomas Ruthall bishop of Durham The ãâã of Ciââster The bishop was one of K. Henrie the rights priuie councell The king coÌmandeth hiâ to write a booke of the whole estate of the kingdoâ The bishops booke of his priuat ãâã vnaduisedlie deliuered instead of the kings The bishops owne booke disaduantagâ able to himselfe The bishop ãâã of a ãâã and ãâ¦ã 150â ãâ¦ã 24. The death of King Henrie the seuenth âhat children he had The description of king Henrie the seuenth Iustice mingled with mercie Out of the bishop of Rochesters funerall sermon preached in Paules church at London Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 892. Sepulture of Henrie the seuenth Executors to Henrie the seuenth 1509 Anno Reg. 1. Henrie the âight proclaâââ king Polydor. Councellors to king Henrie the eight King Henries âââhes âis councellââs good ãâã A proclamation Multitudes of suters what shifts they made to be heard Empson and Dudleie committed to the Tower Promoters punished I.S. pag. 893. The funerall pompe and solemnitie of Henrie the seuenth Edw. Hall in Hen. 8. fol. j. The corps put into a charriot sumptuouslie garnished The order of the pompe and mourners The charriot brought into Paules church Description of the curious hearse at Westminster The bodie oâ the dead king interred The duke of Buckinghams rich ãâã A ãâã sight ãâã virgins in white with branches of white wax K. Henries apparell at his coronatioÌ The kings traine and the ãâã of the ãâã The quéenes traine and the sumptuousnesse of the same The coronation of king Henrie and quéene Katharine Homage doone to the king at his coronatioÌ both of the lords spirituall temporall Sir Robert Dimmocke the kings champion The knights anâwer to the king of heralds The maner of the same knights tenure Sir StephaÌ Genings maior of London Iusts and turnementâ The enterprisers of the ãâã iusts Goodlie sheââ delightfull Pallas knights the defendants Another band of horssemen richlie ãâã Eight knights armeâ at all paints * From head ãâã Dimas knights A conceipt or deuise of a pârke with ãâã c. The kings wisedome in preuenting an inconuenients Henrie the duke of Buckinghams brother created erle of Wilshire A great plague in Calis A parlement Empson and Dudleie atteinted of treason Polydor. Most of the ãâã of the coââcell against Empson Matters obiected against Empson Wrong mainteined against the kings liâge people Iniurie doone to the kings wards A charge of manifest oppression and extortion Empson