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death_n	wound_v	year_n	young_a	26	3	6.1842	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05335	Of the interchangeable course, or variety of things in the whole world and the concurrence of armes and learning, thorough the first and famousest nations: from the beginning of ciuility, and memory of man, to this present. Moreouer, whether it be true or no, that there can be nothing sayd, which hath not bin said heretofore: and that we ought by our owne inuentions to augment the doctrine of the auncients; not contenting our selues with translations, expositions, corrections, and abridgments of their writings. Written in French by Loys le Roy called Regius: and translated into English by R.A.; De la vicissitude ou variete des choses en l'univers. English	Leroy, Louis, d. 1577.; Ashley, Robert, 1565-1641.	1594 (1594)	STC 15488; ESTC S113483	275,844	270

the time of thirteen yeares Let vs rather compare the fortune with fortune of one man with another and of Captaine with Captaine How many Romain Captaines can I name that neuer had contrarie fortune in battaile One may see in the Annales of the Magistrates and in the Calenders the battailes of the Consuls and of the Dictatours whose vertue and fortune neuer brought any displeasure to the people of Rome And they are more admirable then Alexander or any other king hauing not bin Dictatours some of them aboue ten or twentie daies and none aboue a yeare The leuies of men haue bin hindered by the Tribunes they went often to warre after the season and haue bin sent back againe before it by reason of the Comices or Parliaments The yeare hath bin spent in preparations for enterprises The temeritie or malice of a Collegue hath caused hinderance or domage and when matters haue bin euill managed he hath bin succeeded by another They haue taken new or ill disciplined souldiers But certainly kings are not onely free from all hinderances but also Lords ouer time and busines and with their counsels they draw all things after them and do not follow them Then inuincible Alexander had waged warre against inuincible Captaines and had put in hazard the like pledges of fortune but there had bin more danger on the Macedonians side which had but one Alexander not onely subiect to many perils but also seeking of dangers The Romains had many equall to Alexander inglorie and greatnes of exploits which might liue or die according to their destinie without the publike interest I● remaineth to compare armies with armies either in number or kind of men of armes or multitude of auxiliaries Then at that time by the number taken of the Citie they were found two hundred and fiftie thousand heads Wherefore in the reuolt of the allies from the name of the Latines there were leuied well neere ten legions of Citizens Often times there were fower or fiue armies at a time in Hetruria and Vmbria the Gaules being also their enemies They made warre in Samnia and against the Lucans Then afterwards he should haue found all Italie with the Sabines Volsces Eques and all Campania and a part of Vmbria and Etruria the Piscenians Marsians Pelignians Vestines Apulians and all the coast of the Grecians inhabiting on the inferiour sea from the Thracians vnto Naples and Cannes and from thence to Antia and Hostia either mightie with the Romains or subdued by them He should haue passed the sea with his old Macedonian souldiers not exceeding the number of thirtie thousand on foote and fower thousand on horseback almost all Thessalians for this was his strength If he had ioyned with them the Indians and other Nations they would rather haue bin a hinderance then any helpe vnto him Moreouer the Romaine armie in their owne countrie might easily haue new supplies and the armie of Alexander would haue waxen old as it hapned afterwards vnto Hannibal The armes of the Macedonians were the buckler and the iaueling called Sarissa The Romains vsed a shield which was greater to couer the bodie and a speare somewhat rougher either to strike or throw then the pike The footemen both of th one and thother keeping firmely their rankes but the vnmoueable Macedonian phalange was of one sort and the Romain squadron manyfold and compounded of many parts easie to sunder or ioine as neede required Touching their work there is none like to the Romain nor better to endure trauaile Alexander if he had bin ouercome in one battaile would haue made an end of the warre But what armes could haue quailed the Romain whom Candie and Cannes could not quaile Surely if he had prospered in the first encounter he would haue bin gon to the Persians and Indians and to the cowardly nations of Asia as the brute is that Alexander the king of Epirus feeling himself wounded to death said comparing the state of the warres made in Asia by this yong Prince with his When I call to mind how in the first Punick warre they fought twentie and fower yeares against the Carthaginians with mightie fleetes by sea I then think that the age of Alexander could not haue suffised for one war and peraduenture the Carthaginian state being allied with the Romain by auncient lyne and the feare being alike against a common enemie might haue ioyned two such mightie Cities in armes and men and then he might haue bin intangled with the Punick and Romain warre at one time The Romaines assaied the Macedonian enemie not vnder Alexander neither when the forces of Macedon were whole and entier but against Antiochus ●hilip and Perses not onely without any losse but also without any danger Let it not be euill taken that I say and let the ciuil warre● cease we haue neuer failed neither in places of aduantage or disaduantage when soeuer we had to deale with an enemie on horseback or on foote and in open warre The souldier loden with armes may well feare the man at armes on horseback the arrowes and thick forests the crooked and vneasie waies but he hath beaten back and shall beate a thousand bands more heauily armed then those of the Macedonians and of Alexander prouided that the loue of peace wherein we liue remaine still amongst vs and the care of ciuile concord A COMPARISON OF POMPEY THE great with Alexander Hercules and Bacchus according to Plinie BVT it pertaineth to the honour of the Romain Empire and not to the victorie of one only man to recite all the titles and triumphes of POMPEY the great hauing attained to the glorie of the deedes not only of Alexander the great but of Hercules also and the father Bacchus Sicile then being recouered where he began to do seruice to the common wealth following the partie of Sylla and then all Africk being subdued and brought vnder obedience and his surname of great being taken therhence being a Romain knight that which neuer before hapned vnto any he was caried in a triumphant chariot and by and by going toward the West and hauing erected many trophees in the mountaines Pyrenees he reduced vnder obedience eight hundred three score and sixteene Townes between the Alpes and the extremities of the farthest Spaine thorough the magnanimitie of his courage making no mention of Sertorius And the ciuil warre being extinguished which moued all the strange warres he againe led the triumphant chariots being a Romaine knight and so many times Emperour and Captain before he was souldier Then being sent to all the seas and beyond toward the East he brought back his titles to his Countrie after the maner of such as ouercome in Combats and sacred games who are not only crowned them selues but crowne their Countrie also attributing to the Citie these honours at the Temple of Minerua which he dedicated of his pray after this maner Cn. Pompey the great Emperour hauing ended the warre which endured thirtie yeares hauing defeated put to flight

they ill obserued For after Darius his sonne XERXES comming to rainge which had bin brought vp in the same Kingly delicacies as Cambises hee likewise fell into the like inconueniences For possessing togither whatsoeuer Cyrus and Darius his father had gotten and seeing himselfe exceeding riche and mighty hee purposed to conquere Greece and came thyther with an inestimable army hauing by Sea fiue hundred and seuenteen thousand sixe hundred men by land a milion and seuen hundred thousand foote and fourescore thousand horsemen with twentie thousand Arabians and Africans vnto whom there ioyned of Europe three hundred thousand the whole multitude comming to two milions sixe hundred seuenteen thousād fighting mē the greatest that euer was in field after those of Ninus and Semiramis at the least of which we haue knowledge by histories Insomuch that we need not to maruaile at that which is sayd that running ryuers were dried vp by the infinite number which dranke of them and that there were so many sailes that one coulde not see the Sea by reason of them But therein the riches of Xerxes was more to bee admired then his conduct to bee commended because he was alwaies seen to bee the first in flying and the last in comming to fight being fearefull in daungers couragious and stoute in security and before hee came to the hazard of the warres Trusting in his forces as if he had bin Lord ouer nature hee leueled mountaines with the plaines filled and raised vp vallies passed ouer armes of the Sea on bridges which he caused to bee made and tourned the course of others by newe channels to saile at his pleasure But by how much more his comming into Greece was terrible his departure thence was so much the more dishonourable For being astonyed by the discomfitures of his people both by Sea and lande hee went backe into Asia euen almost alone in a fisherboate Which retraite deserueth well to bee considered with admiration for knowledge of the trueth of mens deeds to see him hidden in a little Schiffe whom but a little before the whole Sea could not suffice and to see him destitute of seruants whose armie all Greece coulde scarse intertaine In this manner Xerxes who had bin the terrour of the worlde began to bee despised of his owne people after he had bin so vnhappy in the expedition of Greece In so much that Artabanus an Hircanian a man of great credite with him and Captaine of his Guarde slue him and Darius his eldest sonne after him hoping to make himselfe King but setting vpon Artaxerxes the second sonne and hauing giuen him a stroke with his sworde ARTAXERXES feeling himselfe wounded but not to death est soones tooke his sword in hand for his defence and stroke Artabanus such a blowe that he fell dead to the ground So ARTAXERXES being almost miraculously saued and hauing also therewith auenged the death of his father succeeded him in the kingdom and Empire of Persia where there hath not bin since any king that hath bin great in deed as Plato sayth nor of any reckoning or renowne For taking away from the people to much of their liberty introducing a more absolute authority of ruling ouer them then was conuenient they lost the amitie and communion of the state Which things being lost the Princes looked no longer to the profit of the subiects or of the people but for the conseruation of their authoritie whatsoeuer little profit was offered them they razed the townes and consumed with fire the nations that were their friends and hating spitefully and without mercy they were hated in like maner And when it was needful that their people should fight for them they foūd them not of accord to hazard them selues willingly and to fight but ruling ouer almost innumerable men they made them vnfit for war and as hauing need of men they hyred others thinking to preserue themselues and their state by mercenary and straunge Souldiors who likewise forgat themselues shewing by their deeds that they preferred riches before vertue The tyrannies which they vsed towards their subiects for their pretended conseruation are recited by Aristotle in his Politicks but not approued as to abase and pull downe the highest and to take away the most couragious not to permit their bankets assemblies disciplines nor any such thing but to take heed to whatsoeuer is wont to ingender these two highnes of minde and confidence to forbid them Schooles and all other companies and meetinges and to prouide in any case that they came not acquainted one with another considering that knowledge and acquaintance maketh men to haue more affyance one in another That all the archers of the Guard being straungers should shew themselues in the streets and walke before the doores of houses wherby that which the subiectes imagined or practised should not be kept secret and they would come to haue lesse courage by being continually kept vnder Moreouer to endeuour to discouer what they said and did and to haue spies listeners and referendaries dispersed thorough out the Countries and whersoeuer there were any assemblies for they become lesse hardy by fearing such maner of people and if they should waxe hardy they be yet lesse secret Also that they should accuse and slander one an other and friends fall to debate with friends the common people with the Nobles and the riche amongst themselues And to impouerish the subiects serueth that they be not constrained to keepe a guard and that being euery day busied they may haue no leasure to conspire and that being vrged with some war they may alwaies haue need of their king as their head and Chiefetaine Not to suffer about him graue persons and free of speech because that such diminish the excellency and authority of the Lord which would only seeme to be such a one himselfe All which meanes and such other like being drawen out of the gouernment of the Persians are tyrannicall and most pernitious gathered by Aristotle not to the end to teach them vnto others but rather to beware of them by knowing the misery of tyrants which are constrained to fly to such euils thereby to assure their parsons and estates which when they thinke by these meanes to bee surest and safest are then soonest ouerthrowen at vnawares thorough the hate which their tyrannies haue engendred By which rough and hard vsage the Persians being degenerated suffred them selues to bee ouercome in many partes of Asia bordering on the Sea and hauing passed into Europe they were beaten backe some of them perishing miserably and others flying shamefully as they were worthy and had wel deserued For it is impossible saith Isocrates in his Panegyrick speaking of them to finde in people so brought vp and gouerned any vertue or prowes to triumphe ouer their enemies How should there be amongst such maners either valiant Captaine or good Souldiour the greatest part of them being but a confused multitude and not accustomed to perills being too soft

war hauing taken an other end then was looked for and the chance being tourned to the aduantage and honour of the Romains by their constancy and good counsaile from that time forward for the space of three and fiftye yeres as Polybius saieth they became exceeding strong both by land and by sea commaunding not onely ouer all Italy but also ouer the better part of the world stretching their Empire to the rest of Europe into Asia and into Africke which they made greater then any other that had bin before or hath bin after them increasing in all felicity aboundance which togither with idlenes made the Arts and sciences to come in reputation amongst them as it had before in Greece For after they had vanquished and ouerthrowen the Carthaginians destroied Numantia and razed Corinth to the ground reduced into prouinces the kingdomes of Macedonia Bythinia Suria Pontus Capadocia Numidia Mauritania and Egypt conquered the Spaynes and the Gaules subdued Germanie and great Britaine obtained the Lordship of the sea and Isles thereof there was not found any more sufficient power to resist them then that of the Parthians on the East which seemed to haue parted with them the Empire of the world possessing seuenteene kingdomes In so much that sithence that time both military and politicke discipline was better in Italy then it had bin before in any part of the worlde Eloquence also florished much at Rome and all arts both liberall and mechanicall came almost to their perfection Then liued those great CAPTAINES so much renowmed the two Scipioes the one surnamed of Africke and the other called the Asiaticke Quintus Fabius the great Marcus Marcellus who was desirous to haue saued that ingenious Archimedes life at the siege of Syracusa Paulus Emilius Marius Sylla Pompeius Iulius Caesar ORATOVRS Cethegus M. Cato Censorius Galba Lelius the two Gracchi brethren Carbo Crassus Antonius Hortensius Cicero Caluus Pollio Messala which lost his wit and memory Cornelius Nepos and Fenestella HISTORIANS Pictor Piso Antipater Sisenna Salust Titus Liuius and Trogus Pompeius PHILOSOPHERS and wise men Tubero and Cato STOICKS M. Varro and Nigidius LAWIERS Quintus Scaeuola Seruius Sulpitius Gallus Aquilius Lucius Balbus C. Iuuencius Sextus Papyrius Aulus Offilius Alphenus Varus C. Titius Decius the two Aufidij Pacuuius Flauius Priscus Ginna P. Celius C. Th●bacius and Antistius Labeo COMICAL POETS Liuius Andronicus the first writer amongest the Romains Cecilius Plautus Neuius Licinius Attila Terence Turpilius Trabea Luscus Afranius TRAGICAL Accius Pacuuius Ennius SATYRICAL Lucilius and Horace who was also a LYRICK ELEGIACAL ●uid Tibullus Propertius Catullus Asconius Pedianus a GRAMARIAN Cornelius Gallus Laberius Plotius Valgius Fuscus the two Gisques and Furnias HEROICAL Lucretius Macer Virgil Manilius Iulius Firmicus ASTROLOGERS Antonius Musa a PHYSICION Vitruuius an ARCHITECT Atela a PAINTER The Italian wits alwaies fructifying and increasing til the time of Iulius Caesar and Augustus when as Italy rose to the greatest excelence that it could attaine both in armes in learning and in all workmanships wherehence it fell incontinently Diodorus the Sicilian Strabo of Crete Dyonise the Halicarnassean and Cicero with them do not only celebrate the perfection of their age but foresee also the fall thereof at hande telling howe eloquence being brought from a little and lowe beginning to her soueraigne excellence waxed olde and seemed as if in short time it woulde decay and come to nought as by order of nature it falleth out with all other thinges Horace witnesseth that in his time the Romains were come to the height of fortune and that they did all workes better then the Grecians Seneca writeth that all whatsoeuer Italy may oppose or prefer vnto Greece flourished about the time of Cicero and that all good wits which haue giuen light to Latin letters were borne then Solinus speaking of Augustus saith that his raigne hath bin almost the onely time wherein armes haue ceased and good wits and sciences florished To such authority magnificence state came the Romain Empire whose beginning in deed was small and difficult but yet miraculous as promising some greatnes in time to come And first the generation birth and education of Romulus who by beginning the buildings of the city of Rome laide the first foundation of this estate was meruailous For it is said that his mother lay with the God Mars and it was then beleeued that Hercules was engendred in a long night the day hauing bin withheld and the sun staied cōtrary to the course of nature so was it also beleeued that in the conception of Romulus the sun was eclipsed and that there was a true coniunction of the Sun with the moone when Mars who was a God according to the Pagan credulity coupled with Syluia being a mortal woman and that the same happened againe to Romulus the same day that he departed this life vanishing out of sight when the sunne was in eclypse And then when he and his brother Remus were borne Amulius who had constrained their mother to make her selfe a votarie or Nun and to vow perpetuall chastity shutting her vp within the wood of Mars where she became with child seeing that they were two and meaning to make them die commaunded they should be exposed and cast forth and their mother shut vp close whereof she died But fortune which a far off beheld the birth of so great a city prouided for the two children by means of a kind and gentle seruant who hauing charge to cast them out would not put them to death but laid them on the bank of a riuer ioyning to a faire green meadowe and shadowed with little trees neere vnto a wilde figgtree and then a shee-wolfe which had lately brought forth young ones and had lost them hauing her teats so full of milke that she was readie to burst seeking to ease herselfe came to these children and gaue them sucke as if she had brought foorth a second time in being deliuered of her milke And then the bird which is consecrated to Mars called a hickway or wood-pecker comming thither and approching to them amd with her foote opening gently the childrens mouthes one after another fed them with little crommes of her owne food which being perceiued by the shephearde Faustulus he caried them there hence and brought them vp poorely among his beasts no man knowing who they were neither that they were the children of Syluia and nephewes to Numitor and to the king Amulius And being after this maner brought vp amongest the shephards they became strong and hardy in such sorte that oft times they defended their beasts from being taken of thee●es It fell out that after they had many times done so Remus was taken and accused vnto the king of theft from which he had often kept others and that it was he which set vpon the beastes of Numitor. And then was he deliuered by the king vnto Numitor to take auengement of him or to be recompensed by him for the robberies which he

their confidence in them which tourned them vnto euill A COMPARISON OF THE POWER of Alexander the great with that which the Romains had in his time and if hauing conquered Asia he had tourned his forces into Europe what might haue happened by the iudgement of Liuie LIVIE in the ninth booke of his first Decade speaking of PAPIRIVS CVRSOR sayth that in that time being as fertile of vertues as any other there was no man on whom the state of Rome did more depende then on him and which is more they accounted him matchable in courage with Alexander the great if hauing subdued Asia he had tourned his armes into Europe Nothing lesse sayeth he may seeme to haue bin sought from the beginning of this worke then that I shoulde wander farther then appertaineth to the order of thinges and that beautifying the worke with varieties I should recreate the readers with pleasant digressions and giue my minde some rest Yet the mention of so great a King and Capitaine maketh mee set downe here the secrete thoughtes which sometyme haue come into my head as to knowe what had happened to the Romaines if they had made warre against Alexander the great Often times in warre the multitude and valiancy of Souldiours may doe much as also the wisedome of Captaines and fortune which is mighty in all humaine and especially in military affaires Considering these things both seuerally and togither I finde that they made the Romain Empire inuincible against this King as against all other Kings and Nations First beginning by the comparison of Capitaines I denye not that Alexander was an excellent Capitaine but hee is the more renowmed because hee was alone and dyed young vpon the augmentation of his affaires hauing not yet tasted of aduerse fortune not speaking of other Kinges and famous Capitaines that haue ●in notable examples of humaine accidents What made Cyrus so much celebrated by the Gre●ians to fall into the aduersities of contrary fortune but his long life as not long sithende it happened vnto Pompey the great I will not speak of the Romain Captaine● which were at other seasons but of those with whom as being Consuls or Dictatours Alexander had fought namely M. Valerius Coruinus ● Marcus Rutilius C. Sulpitius Titus Manlius Torquatus Qu. Publius Philo Lucius Papirius Cursor Quintus Fabius Maximus and the two Decij Lucius Volumnius Marcus Lucius and other great personages following if he had preferred the Punick warre before the Romain and then being of more yeares had passed into Italie In euery of which there was the same vigour of spirite and mind that was in Alexander and militarie discipline from the beginning of the Citie successiuely deliuered from hand to hand and ordained in forme of an art by the principall precepts thereof Thus did the Kings fight and thus they that draue them away namely the Iunij and Valerij Thus consequently the Fabij Quintij and Cornelij Thus Furius Camillus who being old saw the two yong ones that should haue fought with Alexander To whom also Manlius Torquatus would not haue giuen place if he had met him equally in battaile neither Vaserius Coruinus both of them notable souldiers before they were Captaines Neither would the two Decij haue yeelded any whit vnto him who marching against the enemie disaduowed their bodies and bequeathed them to death Papirius Cursor would not haue yeelded to him with that strength of bodie and courage that was in him And that I may not stand to name euery one this Senate accounted to consist of Kings would not haue suffered it selfe to be supplanted by the counsaile of a yong man And he that so esteemeth it comprehendeth the true forme of the Romain Senate But peraduenture it is to be feared that he would haue pitched his campe better then any of those whom I haue named conuoyed his vittailes conducted his carriages kept himselfe from ambushes chosen the time of fight aranged the battaile and assured himselfe of succours But he should no more haue said that he had met with Darius accompanied with women and Eunuches armed betweene purple and gold effeminated and weakned by the pompe of his fortune rather a pray then an enemie whom he ouercame without bloudshed happie in this that he dared to so good purpose despise such vanities He should haue found Italie much different from India thorough which he went banqueting with his dronken armie when hee should haue heere seene the forrestes of Apulia and the Mountaines of Leucania and the traces or foote-stepps of the ouerthrowe of his auncestours where his vncle Alexander lately king of Epirus had bin ouercome We speak of Alexander not yet plonged in prosperitie wherein he showed himselfe as insolent as euer did any Prince Who if he be considered by the state of his new fortune and by that new minde which he caried after his victories hee had comen into Italie more resembling Darius then Alexander and had brought thither his host not remembring Macedonia any longer and alreadie degenerating into the manners of the Persians It is grieuous to me to recite i●●o great a king the proud changing of his garment and the desired flatteries of those which cast them selues prostrate on the ground before him being not onely ●●k some to the vanquished but also euen to the victorious Macedonians and the shameful punishments and murders of his friends amongst his cuppes and the vanitie of his supposed and fained race And if from that time forward he had become a greater drunkard more ●●u●l and more sodaine in his anger which are vndoubted things amongst those that haue written of him would not these vi●●s haue much endamaged and hindred the Imperiall vertues Is that to be feared which some light persons amongst the Greeks namely fauouring the glorie of the Parthians against the Romain name haue accustomed to say that the people of Rome could neuer haue sustayned the maiestie of the name of Alexander who I think was neuer knowen to them not so much as by ●ame Against whom some in the Citie of Athens whiles they yet beheld before their eies the smoking ruine of Thebes supplanted by the armes of the Macedonians dared in full assemblies to speak freely as appeareth by the writings of their Oratours would none amongst so many Romaine Lords haue spoken freely Let his greatnes be of so great reckoning yet shall it be but the greatnes of a man gotten by the felicitie of little more then ten yeares And they which extoll him for asmuch as the people of Rome hauing not bin ouercome in any warre yet hath had the worst in sundrie battailes and that Alexander had the better in all they do not consider that they compare the acts of one man being yet yong with those of a people which hath alreadie warred for the space of eight hundred yeares Do we then meruaile if on this side be more ages then yeares on the other that fortune hath bin more variable in this long space then in

the common wealth of Rome Hannibal to Italy and the countrie of Lybia TAMBERLAN brought the Turks to a piteous state out of which they soone arose and became more mighty then before as the Greekes and Romaines oppressed by Xerxses and Hannibal when they thought themselues vtterly ouerthrowen came to greater glory A COMPARISON OF THE KING doms Empires or Monarchies and common weales of these daies with those of auncient time IT is mencioned in the holy scripture how Nabuchodonosor saw an Image of an exceeding greatnes the head whereof was of gold the brest and armes of siluer the belly and thighes of brasse the leggs of yron the feete part of yron and part of earth And when he was awaked because he could not remember his dreame and yet founde himselfe sore troubled and fryghted therewith hee called togither his deuinours before him whom he commanded to expound vnto him what his dreame was and the meaning thereof and if they failed herein he threatned to put them to death Which being vnderstood by Daniel a yong man that had bin brought thither as a Captiue from Hierusalem he made it knowen that he could fulfill the kinges desire and being presented to the king he declared first what the king had dreamed and then interpreted the meaning of his dreame saying that the Image signified the foure soueraigne Empires of the world which should succeed in order one after another namely the Babylonian Persian Greeke and Romain Thereupon he spake vnto the king in such termes Thou art certainly the golden head of this Image thou I say whom God hath decked with supreme power and glorie to whom he hath giuen dominion ouer all men ouer the beastes of the field and the birds of the aire And after thee shall come another kingdome of siluer that is to say worse then thine which is present The third shall be of brasse which shall be stretched out farr and wide the fourth of yron for as yron bruseth and ouercommeth al things so likewise this fourth shal bruse all the rest and subdue them to it selfe The power of Nabuchodonosor is compared to a high tree reaching vnto heauen and couering the vniuersall world with the shadow thereof whose leaues are singularly faire and the fruit so plentiful that all beastes are fed and fatted therewith In whose boughes and branches all sorts of birdes do build their nestes and make their resorte Whereby the scripture signifieth the Assyrian Monarchie which was augmented vnder this King and exalted to the highest Daniel also sawe in a dreame foure beastes comming out of the sea a Lyon a Beare a Leopard and the fourth being terrible and horrible to behold The Lyon signifieth the raigne of the Assyrians and the two winges which hee giueth him are as the two members of this Empire Babylon and Assyria By the Beare is meant the kingdome of Persia by which that of Babylon was destroyed The three ribbes which he sayth were betweene his teeth are the principall Kings of this Monarchie Cyrus Darius and Artaxerxes excelling aboue the rest which haue eaten much flesh that is to say haue ioyned many nations to their dominion The Panther or Leopard is the Empire of Alexander the great or of the Grecians The foure winges and heades are the foure kingdoms issued out of this Monarchie after the death of Alexander The fourth and last beast is the Romain Empire the ten hornes are the members or parts thereof Syria Egypt Asia the lesser Greece Africke Spayne France Italy Germany and England for the ROMAINS ruled ouer all these Nations Amongst these ten hornes ariseth and groweth vp another little horne which taketh away three of the otherten whereby is vnderstood the kingdome of MAHOMET or of the TVRKES which being risen from a small beginning in the Romaine Monarchy hath seized the three principall partes thereof Egypt Asia and Greece Moreouer this little horne hath eies and is iniurious against God for Mahomet proposed new Doctrine hauing the appearance of wisedome which is signified by the eies and yet notwithstanding blasphemeth God abolishing the Christian doctrine and outraging of his Saincts vntil such time as the Auncient which hath neither beginning nor ende commeth vnto Iudgement Whereby is euidently to bee vnderstood that the course of this world shal end in this Empire that there shal not folow any other But that al principalities of the world being abolished that euerlasting kingdome shal come whereof CHRIST is the Author and conductour Thus haue some Diuines expounded Daniel Others accommodate it onely vnto Babylon which fell vnder the dominion of the Persians Medes Greeks and Parthians which hath bin often desolate and finally ouerthrowen not thinking it good to reduce all Empires vnto foure considering there haue bin others of great power and largenes As of the Medes who supplanted the Assyrians of the Parthians which ouercame the Macedonians oftentimes vanquished the Romains as hauing parted the world with thē obtained the East ruled al Asia between the red sea and the Caspian a good way toward the Indies Of the Egyptians whose kings excelled in praise of valiancy deeds of armes al other nations which would blot out deface the great excellent victories of the Persians Macedonians Romains if the long course of yeres would permit their renown to endure till this time the rest no way surpassing them but in the happines of their Historiographers who are more read by a fresher memory of their antiquitie Of the Arabians or Sarasens which possessed Persia Babylon destroying the Romain Empire in the East and enioyed a great part of Asia Africke and Europe planting there not onely their armies and seigniories but their religion also and their tongue Of the Gothes who inuaded not onely the prouinces of the Romaine Empire in the West but tooke and sacked Rome the seate of the Empire raigning in Italy lxx yeres although Alexander who ouerthrewe the kingdome of the Persians raigned but twelue yeares who like a lightening thunder leaped into diuers parts leauing his state to many successours disagreeing amongst themselues who lost it incontinently Finally of the Tartarians who may be compared with all the former who won Bactriana and Sogdiana the prouinces of the Babylonian Persian and Parthian Empire and destroied Babylon it selfe vnder the conduct of their Lord Halao At this day there are great estates namely toward the East Of Cathay or of China in the Northren India and of Narsingue in the Southern whereunto the Persian is neere That of the Moscouite in the North and the Abyssin or Ethiopian in the south In the West the Spanish and French The Turkish is as it were in the middest of all very great and riche which notwithstanding is not to be compared to that of the Romaines who ruled from the Orcades and Thule on the one side Spaine and Mauritania on the other as far as the hill Caucasus and to the riuer Euphrates and the higher Ethiopia trauersing