his being These followers of Marinus were called Psathyriani because that one Theoctistus a wafrer borne in Syria was an earnest maintainer of y â— side Of y â— opinion was Selenas bishop of y â— Gotths a mungrell by father a Gotth by mother a Phrygian and therefore was he able to preach in y â— Church in both those languages This sect also not long after was diuided for Marinus contended w t Agapius one whom he him self had lately aduaunced to the bishoprick of Ephesus The controuersie was not of religion but of primacie they stroue whether of them should be chief The Gotths went of Agapius side Wherfore many clergy meÌ„ vnder these Bishops iurisdictions perceauing the ambition the rankor and malice of these proude Prelats forsooke quite the Arian opinion and embraced the faith of one substance the Arians being deuided among them selues the space of thirty fiue yeares in the ende as many as were Psathyrians through perswasion which preuailed with them made an ende of brawling in the Consulship of Theodosius the yonger and Plinthus the Pretor Who after their reconciliation and agreement made a lawe that the question which was the principall cause of that sturre shoulde neuer againe be called into controuersie Yet for all they coulde doe that decree of theirs coulde take no place saue at Constantinople â–ª for in other cities where the Arians doe raygne the sturre is rife So farre of the diuision among the Arians CAP. XXIII How the Eunomians were at discorde among them selues and called after sundrynames Likewise of the Macedonians THe Eunomians were also deuided for Eunomius him selfe first fell from Eudoxius who had chosen him bishop of Cyzicum the occasion he tooke was because he woulde not admitt his maister Aetius lately excommunicated into the Churche others also called after his name parted them selues into sundry sects And first of all one Theophronius a Cappadocian trayned vp in captious fallacies and quircks of logick vnder Eunomius had Aristotles praedicaments and perihermenias at his fingers endes wrote bookes entitled them the exercises of the minde Wherfore he was hated of his owne sect and counted of them an Apostata he raised thenceforth priuate conuenticles and left behinde him an heresie intitled with his appellation Agayne at Constantinople one Eutychius vpon light and trifling occasion fell from the Eunomians and vnto this day frequenteth seuerall meetings The followers of Theophronius were called Eunomothephroniani and such as were of the sect of Eutychius were termed Eunomieutychiani what vaine and fond thinges they brawled about I thinke it not needefull to laye downe in writing lest we shoulde digresse from the history we haue in hande Yet in somuch they haue corrupted baptisme I must in no wise runne that ouer with silence They baptize not in the trinitie but in the death of Christ Among the Macedonians also on a certaine time there rose a schisme for Eutropius a Priest of the Macedonians gathered a seuerall company of such mates as he thought good to followe his tayle Carterius likewise of the same sect deuided him selfe from him and of these there rose other schismaticks throughout other cities I of mine owne parte in somuch I leade my life here at Constantinople where I was borne bred and brought vp no maruell though I write more at large of the famous acts done within this citie partly seeing that I sawe most of them with mine eyes â–ª and partly also in somuch they are more famous and thought farre worthier of memory then many other acts These sects and schismes raygned not at one but at sundry times whosoeuer is disposed exactly to learne the seuerall names of all sects let him peruse the booke of Epiphanius Bishop of Cyprus intitled Anchyrotus So farre of these thinges CAP. XXIIII How Eugenius the traytor and rebell procured the death of the Emperour Valentinianus the yonger and in the ende was slayne of Theodosius the Emperour THe state of the common wealth was then very troublesome the occasion was as followeth In the West empire there was one Eugenius a Grammarian and a Schâ—â—lemaister he left schoole and became a Courtier first he was appointed to gard the Emperours person next he was made his treasurer And because he was a politicke man therefore was he preferred into honor yet prosperitie puffed him vp with pride and caused him to worke treason he made Arbogastes of his aduise and councell one by birth of the lesser Galatia by office a captaine in condition barbarous and in behauiour cruell They both conspired the Emperour Valentinians death wrought meanes to allure the Eunuches of the Emperours chamber on their side These men gaping after promotion and dignities being promised faire fell vpon the Emperour as he slept and stifled him to death Eugenius hauing gott the supremacy in the west parts of the worlde behaued him selfe after the wonted guyse of tyrants Theodosius the Emperour vnderstanding of this was sory at the hart he thought it high time for him now to make expedition for the seconde battell for the first he had waged with Maximus Wherefore gathering together a great army and creating Emperour his sonne Honorius in his thirde Consulship and the first of Abundantius the tenth of Ianuary he tooke his iorney towards the West partes of the worlde leauing both his sonnes the Emperours at Constantinople As he went to wage battell with Eugenius many of the Barbarian nations inhabiting the contreyes beyonde Istrum came of their owne accorde to ayde the Emperour against the tyrant shortly after he came into Fraunce with great power for there the tyrant had gathered infinite multitudes of souldiers and fortified him selfe the campe was pitched and the battell was fought by a certayne riuer called Phrigdus As the battell was doubtfull where the Romaines dealt hand to hand with the Romaines so agayne of the Barbarians which came to ayde the Emperour Theodosius Eugenius had the vpper hand The Emperour seeing the Barbarians foyled and ouerthrowen was wonderfull pensiue he fell downe prostrate vpon the grounde prayed vnto God for ayde and asistance and obtayned his sute for Macurius his captaine put on venturous and valiant courage got him to the side where the Barbarians were foyled came to the standard ioyned with him the chiefe captaynes encountred with the enemy and brake the aray In the ende made them to flie which pursued after the flight Immediatly after there ensued this an other straunge act for there rose such blustering blasts of winde as turned the darts of Eugenius the vsurpers souldiers to light in their owne sides and draue with forcible violent flight the arrowes of the Emperours souldiers to pearce the armed peltes of the rebells Of such force and efficacie were the Emperours prayers Wherefore the variable course of that bloody battell being brought to that passe the rebel came groueling at the Emperours feete and craued for mercy but as he
when as in steede of his proper name he had named himselfe vnto him after some Prophet or other for this was their maner in steede of the Idolatrous names which their parents had geuen them to chose them newe names they called them selues after the name of Elias Ieremias Esay Samuel and Daniel and expressed not onely in worde but in workes them selues the very true God of Israel hidd from the Iewes according vnto the proper etymologie of their names Firmilianus hearing such an appellation of the Martyr weyed not at all the sense and signification of the worde but secondarily asketh of him what contreyman he was he satisfying the interrogatorie geueth a flâ—t name vnto the former aunswere that his contrey was Ierusalem meaning in very deede the selfe same wherof Paul spake that Ierusalem vvhich is aboue is free vvhich is the mother of vs all agayne in an other place ye are come vnto the mount Sion and to the citye of the liuing God the celestiall Ierusalem for it was this that the Martyr vnderstoode Firmilianus being earthly minded enquireth earnestly and curiously where this city was in what contrey it lay and with all tormented him greeuously to the ende he shoulde confesse the trueth â–ª this Martyr hauing his handes wrested and tyed behinde him his feete with certayne newe and straunge kinde of engines stretched asunder auoutched constantly that he had told him the trueth Afterwards when the iudge demaunded of him againe what he was and where that city was situated made answere that it was a contrey which onely belonged vnto the godly that none other shoulde be partaker thereof saue the godly alone and that it was situate eastward where the sunne in the morning spreddeth abroad the bright beames of his light In vttering these wordes he entred into so diuine a cogitation within him selfe that he forgot the tormentors which layd him on on euery side and seemed to perceaue no sense or feeling of the payne and punishment as if he had bene a ghost without fleshe bloode or bone The iudge casting doubts with him selfe and greatly disquieted in minde thought the Christians would bring to passe that the city mentioned by the Martyr should rebell and become enemy vnto the Romaynes he began to search and diligently to inquire where that region by report eastward should be â–ª last of all when he sawe this yong man after bitter and greeuous torments with immutable constancy to perseuere stedfast in his former saying he gaue sentence that his head should be striken of from his shoulders â–ª such was the mortal race of this miserable life which this blessed Martyr did runne The rest of his companions after the like torments ended their liues with the laying of their heads vpon the blocke In the ende Firmilianus although in maner weryed and frustrated of his purpose yet satisfied to the full with these infinite torments and their terrible execution turned him selfe vnto Pamphilus and his companions And although he had experience sufficient heretofore of their inuincible constancy in the defence of their fayth yet agayne he demaundeth whether at length they would obey and yelde vnto him when he was resolued of their definite sentence and last answere which tended to martyrdome he gaue sentence they should be tormented and punished alike with the former martyrs which being done a yong man one of the seruants of Pamphilus so well brought by instructed that he might very well seeme worthy the discipline and education of so worthy a man as soone as he perceaued that sentence was past vpon his maister crieth out in the middest of the throng and requesteth that his maisters carkasse together with his companions after the breath were departed their body might quietly be buried in their graues The Iudge being affectioned not like vnto man but to a beast or if there be any other thing more sauadg tendered not at all y â— yong mans youthly yeares but forth w t demaundeth of him whether he were a christian who when that he affirmed plainly that he was boyled with anger as if his hart had bene stickt w t a knife charged the tormentors they shoulde laye on him the weyght of their handes and the might of their strength after that he was inioyned to sacrifice and had refused the Iudge commaunded that without all compassion he should be scourged vnto the bare bone the inner and secret bowells not as if he were man couered with flesh and compassed in a skinne but a picture made of stone or wood or some other senselesse metall In which kinde of torment continewed a long time when the iudge perceaued that he vttered no language neither gaue forth to vnderstand y â— he felt any paine sawe that his body being in maner senselesse spent with lashes consumed away he tormented him in vayne he continewed still in that his hard and stony hart voyde of all humanitie and decreed forthwith that his body should be burned by a litle and a litle with a slowe and slacke fire This yong man being the last of them which afore the martyrdome of Pamphilus who was his maister according vnto the fleshe entred into this dangerous skirmishe departed this life before him because that the tormentors which executed the rest seemed to be very slow Then might a man haue seene Porphyrius for that was the yong mans name after triall in euery kinde of exercise earnestly and wholy bent with a wonderful desire as the maner is of men to obtayne the valiant sacred victory his body be poudred with dust yet gracious in face and countenance hastening to the place of execution for al his affections with vpright and noble courage replenished no doubt with the spirite of God attyred in the philosophicall habit after his wonted guyse to wete wearing a garment after the maner of a cloke which couered only his shoulders telling his familiars with signes tokens w t a modest mild spirite what his wil was to be done continewing still yea when he was bounde to the stake his glorious gladsome countenance moreouer when the fire flashed about with great distance and waxed extreame hott in compasse of him ye might haue seene him with his breath on eyther side drawing the flame vnto him and after these wordes when as the flame first of all toutched his bodye which with loude voyce he sounded out Iesus thou sonne of God succor and helpe me to haue suffred constantly without any murmuring at al all those maruelous and extreame torments euen to the last gaspe such was the affliction of Porphyrius whose ende Seleucus a confessor and a souldier signified vnto Pamphilus â–ª who as the author of such a message deserued was without delay thought worthy to take the same chaunce together with those Martyrs for as soone as he had certified him of Porphyrius death and taken his leaue and farewell of one of the Martyrs certaine souldiers laye handes vpon him
men he was taken as it were out of their iawes which menaced him commaunded to liue vnder my dominion where though his excellent vertue ministred vnto him from aboue wey nothinge at all the greuous casualties of aduersity euen as in the city he liued before he may haue plenty want no necessaryes for the maintenance of his porte Therefore when as our Lorde and my father of famous memory Constantine the Emperour had purposed in his mind to haue restored him a Bishop to his owne sâ—ae and proper seate the which he enioyed among you that are knowen to beare greate zeale to godlines and being preuented with death as it fareth with mankind before he coulde accomplishe his desire I thought it verely my parte and duety to execute the intent of so godly an Emperoure VVith what estimation and reuerence I haue entertayned the man he shall reporte with his owne mouth after his returne vnto you Neither is it to be maruelled at all that I shewed him such curtesie For me thinkes I sawe in him the great longing ye had for him and I behelde also the fatherly reuerence and grauity of the man himselfe all which moued me not a litle thereunto nay throughly perswaded me God of his goodnes welbeloued brethren haue you in his tuition Athanasius with the confidence he had in these letters returneth to Alexandria whome the people of Alexandria doe receaue with most willing mindes But such as in that citie were infected with the leprosie of Arianisme conspired against him so that many skirmishes and tumultes were raised which ministred occcasion vnto the confederats of Eusebius falsly to accuse Athanasius before the Emperoure that of his owne doinge without the generall consente of the assembly of Bishops he had setled him selfe in that church The accusation was so odious that the Emperoure being therewith incensed against Athanasius draue him out of Alexandria But howe this was compassed I will shewe hereafter in an other place CAP. III. Howe that after the death of Eusebius Pamphilus Acacius was chosen Bishop of Caesarea and of the death of Constantinus the yonger ABout that time Eusebius whose sirname was Pamphilus Bishop of Caesarea in Palaestina departed this life and Acacius his scholer succeeded him in the Bishopricke Who besids sundry other workes of his industrie wrote a booke of the life of his maister Eusebius Not long after Constantinus the yonger so called after his fathers name brother to y â— Emperor Constantius inuading by force certaine countreys vnder Constans his yonger brothers dominion by fighting hand to hand with the soldiers was slaine Acindinus and Proclus beinge Consuls CAP. IIII. Howe that Alexander Bishop of Constantinople departinge this life nominated two men Paulus and Macedonius that they shoulde chuse one of them to succeede him in the Bishoprike AT that time there ensued immediately the â—edicions mentioned before an other tumulte in the citie of Constantinople and that for this cause Alexander the Bishop of that churche who valiantly encountred with Arius hauing continewed Bishop there the space of three and twenty yeares and liued fourescore and eighteene departed this life He consecrated none to succeede him but charged the electors to choose one of two whome he would nominat vnto them And following his aduise if they would place in the rowme a man sit for to instruct y â— people of an vpright conscience of good lise and godly conuersation they shoulde take Paulus whome he had made priest who though he were yonge and of greene yeares yet in learninge olde and of greate wisedome But in case they woulde haue him whome the etymologie of noble prowesse did highly commend they should preferre Macedonius to the dignitie â–ª who latly had bene deacon of the same church and then was farre strucken in yeares Wherefore about the election of a Bishop there was greater sturre theÌ„ heretofore and the churche was more grieuously turmoyled The people were deuided into two parts the one was egerly set with the heresy of Arius the other cleaued very constantly to the decrees of the Nicene Councell And whilest that Alexander liued they which embraced the creede comprising the clause of One substance had the vpper hand ouer the Arians which dayly striued and contended very stifly in the maintenance of their heretical doctrine But as soone as he departed this life the contention among the people was diuers and variable For such as fauored the clause of One substance chose Paulus to be their Bishop such as of the contrary cleaued vnto Arianisme endeuored with all might to place Macedonius Wherefore in the temple of God called the church of peace next vnto the great church then called great but nowe bearing the name of wisedome Paulus was chosen Bishop in which election the voyce of the desseased did preuaile CAP. V. Howe that Constatinus the Emperoure displaced Paulus that was chosen byshope of Constantinople and translated to that seae Eusebius byshop of Nicomedia And howe that Eusebius caused an other Synode to be summoned at Antioch in Syria where there was an other forme of fayth layde downe SHortely after the election of Paulus moued the Emperoure not a litle at his coming to Constantinople For summoning together an assembly of Byshops which sauored of the filthie sinke of Aruis he procured the deposition of Paulus and causing Eusebius of Nicomedia to be â—â—anslated thither he proclaimed him Bishop of Constantinople These thinges being done the Emperoure gott him to Antioch Yet Eusebius for all this colde not sette his hart at rest but rolled as commonely we saye euery stone to bringe his wicked purpose to passe He summoneth a councell at Antioch in Syria pretending the dedicatioÌ„ of the church whose foundations Constantine the father of these Emperours had layd after whose death Constantius his sonne tenne yeares after the laying of the first stone finished the buylding and as I may boldely say the trueth to the ouerthrowe and subuersion of the fayth Of one substance Unto this synod there came out of diuers prouinces Bishops to the number of fourscore and tenne But Maximus bishop of Ierusalem who succeeded Macarius woulde not come thither supposinge verely that if he came he shoulde be constrayned to subscribe vnto the depriuation of Athanasius Neyther did Iulius Byshop of Rome shewe him selfe there neither sente he any to supply his rowme when as the ecclesiasticall canon forbiddeth that any constitution be thrust into the Churche without the censure of the Bishope of Rome To be shorte the councell mette at Antioch in the Consulship of Marcellus and Probinus where Constantius the Emperoure was present It was the fift yeare after the death of Constantine father vnto these Emperours Placitus was then bishop of Antioch for he succeeded Euphronius But the confederacy of Eusebius side imployed their chiefe labour and industry falsly to accuse Athanasius and first they charge him with the violating of their canon to wete
as much as the name either of lawes or iudgements and to be short not once as much as the vewe of vertue and philosophie but liuing among beastes spent their time in wildernesse as â—â—eldish men and voyd of humanity corrupting the reasonable vnderstanding agreable with nature the reasonable seedes of mans minde with their wilful malice yelding them selues wholy to al abominations so that sometimes they infect eche other sometimes they sleye eche other sometimes they deuoure mans fleshe presuming to wage batle with God after the famous battel of the foolish Giants determining and imagining in their minde to wall heauen and earthe in one and beinge moued throughe the madnesse of their minde they went about to conquere God the gouerner of all thinges whereby they haue thus sore incensed him agaynst them selues God the duerseer and ruler of all things reuenged them with floodes and destructions of fiery flames as if they had bene a certaine wilde vmnanured thickett ouerspreadinge the whole earthe also with famyne and continuall plagues with battayle and thunderboltes from aboue he cut them of and subdued that seuere and most bitter maladye of their soules by restrayning them with more sharpe punishments imprisonments When malice was now flowen vnto the brimme and had ouercast al with the couer thereof ouershadowing ouerdarkening the mindes of mortall men as it were a certaine soking slumber of drunkennesse that first begotten wisedome of God and the same worde that was in the beginning with God by his superabundant louing kindnes appeared vnto the inhabiters on earth sometimes by vision of Angels sometimes by him selfe as the helping power of God vnto some one or other of the auncient worshippers of God in no other forme or figure then of man for otherwise their capacity could not haue comprised the same After that now by them the seede of piety was sowen scattered amiddes the multitude of men and the whole nations which from the Hebrewes linealy descended had now purposed to preferre godlines vpon earth he deliuered vnto them of olde by his seruant Moses after strait institutions certayne figures and formes of a miâ—ticall Sabaoth and circumcision and entrances vnto other spiritual contemplations but not the perfect playne mysteries thereof When as the law was published and set forth as a sweete 〈…〉 vnto all men then many of the Gentils through the law makers euery where yea and philosophers changed their rude brutish and sauage senses vnto meeke and milde natures so that thereby there ensued amongest them perfect peace familiarity and frendshipithen againe to al men and to the Gentils throughout al the worlde as it were now in this behalfe holpen and fit to receaue the knowledge of his father the same schoolemaster of vertue his fathers minister in al goodnes the deuine and celestiall worde of God through man with corporall substance not different from ours shewed him selfe about the beginning of the Romaine empire wrought and suffred such thinges as were consonant with holy Scripture which foreshewed there shoulde be borne such a one as shoulde be both God and man a mighty worker of miracles an instructor of the Gentiles in his fathers piety and that his wonderfull birth shoulde be declared his new doctrine his wonderfull workes besides this the maner of his death his resurrection from the dead and aboue all his diuine restitution into the heauens The Prophet Daniel beholdinge his kingdome in the spirit to be in the latter age of the worlde whereas otherwhere deuinely yet here more after the maner of man describeth the vision of God I beheld sayth he vntill the thrones vvere placed and the auâ—â—â—ent of dayes sate theron his garments vvere as the vvhite snovve the heares of his heade as pure vvoll his throne a flame of fire his chariots burning fire a fyry streame slyded before his face a thousande thousandes ministred vnto him the iudgement vvas set the bookes vvere opened c. Againe And againe after this I behelde sayth he and beholde one comminge in the cloudes like the Sonne of man and he came still vnto the auncient of dayes he vvas brought â—â—â—ore him and to him vvas geuen principalitie honour and rule and al people tribes and to 〈…〉 shall serue him his povver is an euerlasting povver vvhiche shall not paâ—â—e his kingdome 〈…〉 neuer be destroyed These thinges truely may be referred to none other then in out 〈…〉 God that was the word being in the beginning with the father and named 〈…〉 reason of his incarnation in the latter tinâ—es 〈◊〉 â—â—eause we haue in out 〈…〉 propheticall expositions touching our Lord 〈…〉 Christ and therin hath 〈…〉 thinges which concerne him at this present we wylbe content with the premises CAP. IIII. That Iesus and the very name of Christ from the beginning was both knowen and honored among the deuine Prophets that Christ was both a King an highpriest and a Prophet THat the name both of Iesus and also of Christ among the holy prophets of old was honored nowe is it time to declare Moses first of all knowing the name of Christ to be of great reuerence glorious deliuering types of heauenly things pledges mistical formes according vnto y â— commaundement prescribed saying vnto him See thou doe all thinges after the fashion that vvas shevved thee in the mount Naming man as he lawfully might an highpriest of God called the same Christ and to this dignitie of highe priesthood althoughe by a certayne prerogatiue excelling all others among men yet because of honor and glory he put to the name of Christ So then he deemed Christ to be a certayne deuine thyng The same Moses also when being inspired with the holy Ghost he had wel forseene the name of Iesu iudged the same worthy of singuler prerogatiue for this name of Iesu appeared not manifest among men afore it was knowen by Moses and this name he gaue to him first and to him alone whom he knew very wel by tipe figuratiue signe to receaue the vniuersal principality after his death His successor therfore before that time called not Iesu but otherwise to weete Ause He called Iesu the which name his parents had geuen him therby attributing to that name singuler honor farr passing al princely scepters because that the same Iesus Naue was to beare the figure of our Sauiour also alone after Moses to accomplish the figuratiue seruice committed vnto him and thought worthy to beginne the true and most sincere worship Moses to these two men after him thus surpassing all people in vertue and honor attributed for great honor the name of our sauiour Iesus Christ to the one as highe priest to the other as principal ruler after him After this y â— prophets playnely haue prophecied namely of Christ of the peeuishe practise of the Iewishe people agaynst him of the calling of the Gentils by him Ieremie thus sayde The spirite before our face
pinacle of the temple and shouted vnto him and sayd Thou iust man at vvhose commaundement vve all are in so much that this people is seduced after Iesus vvho vvas crucified declare vnto vs vvhich is the dore of Iesus crucified And he aunsvvered vvith a lovvde voyce vvhy aske ye me of Iesus the sonne of man vvhen as he sitteth at the right hand of the great povver in heauen and shal come in the clovvdes of the aëer VVhen as he had persvvaded many so that they glorified God at the testimony of Iames and sayd Hosanna in the highest to the sonne of Dauid then the Scribes and Pharises said among them selues vve haue done very il in causing such a testimony of Iesu to be brought forth But let vs clime vp and take him to the end the people being stroken vvith feare may renounce his faith And they shouted saying O O and the iust also is seduced and they fulfilled the Scripture vvhich sayth in Esay Let vs remoue the iust for he is a stumbling blocke vnto vs. VVherfore they shall gnavve the buddes of their ovvne vvorks They climed vp threvv dovvne headlong Iustus saying let vs stone Iames Iustus And they vvent about him vvith stones for after his fall he vvas not fully dead but remembring him selfe fell on his knees saying I beseech thee Lord God and Father forgiue them for they vvote not vvhat they doe And as they vvere a stoning of him one of the Priestes the sonne of Rechab â–ª the sonne of Châ—raâ—im vvhose testimony is in Ieremy the Prophet cryed out cease vvhat do you This iust man prayeth for you And one of them that vvere present taking a fullers clubb vvith vvhich they pounce purge their clothes stroke Iustus on the heade and brayned him so he suffred martyrdome vvhome they buried in that place â–ª his piller or picture as yet remayneth hard by the temple engrauen thus This man vvas a true vvitnesse both to the Ievves and Gentiles that Iesus vvas Christ And Vespasianus immediatly hauing ouerrun Iudaea subdued the Ievves These at larg recorded by Aegesippus are correspondent with these thinges which Clemens wrote This Iames was so famous and renowmed among all for his righteousnes that the wise among the Ievves imputed the cause of this sodayne besteging of Ierusalem after his martyrdome which no doubt therfore happened vnto them to be for the presumptuous offence practised against him Iosephus sticked not to testifie the same in these wordes These thinges happened vnto the Ievves in vvay of reuenging the death of Iames the Iust vvhich vvas the brother of Iesu vvhome they cal Christ. For the levves slevve him vvhen he vvas most iust The same Iosephus describeth his death in the twentieth booke of Antiquities saying Casar hearinge the death of Festus sendeth Albiâ—us President into Iudaea But Ananus the yonger vvhome vve reported before to haue taken vpon him the high priesthoode vvas a very presumptuous and heady cockbrayne he claue vnto the sect of the Saduces vvhich vvere mercylesse in iudgment among all the Ievves as vve signified before Ananus then being such a one hauing gotten opportunity to his thinking in so much that Festus vvas deade and Albinus not yet come called vnto him a counsell commaundinge the brother of Iesu called Christ vvhose name vvas Iames vvith certayne others to be brought forth accusing them that they had transgressed the lavve and deliuered them to be stoned As many in the city as vvere iust and due obseruers of the lavve tooke this fact greeuously sending priuely vnto the King and beseeching him to vvrite vnto Ananus that thence forth he attempt not the like In so much that his former fact vvas vnaduisedly and impiously committed Certayne of them mett Albinus comminge from Alexandria and enstructed him hereof that it vvas not lavvefull for Ananus to summone a counsell contrary to his commaundement Albinus thus persvvaded vvrote fumishly vnto Ananus threatning reuengement vpon him for this fact And king Agrippa vvhen he had gouerned the high priesthoode three moneths depriued him placing in his rovvme Iesus the sonne of Damaeus Thus farre toutching Iames whose epistle that is reported to be which is the first among the vniuersall Epistles Yet haue we to vnderstande that the same is not voyde of suspicion for many of the auncient writers make no mention thereof like as neyther of that which is vnder the name of Iudas being one of the seuen called vniuersall for all this we knowe them to be publickly reade in most Churches The translator for the remouing of all suspition concerning the canonicall Epistle of Iames. TOutching this Iames whose Epistle hath bene suspected take this lesson of Ierome agaynst Heluidius disce Scripturae consuetudinem eundem hominem diuersis nominibus nuncupari learne the maner of the Scripture which calleth one and the same man after diuerse names he is called in Math. 10. Marke 3. Act. 1. Iacobus Alphaei and numbred among the 12. Apostles Though Ierome lib. 5. cap. 17. vpon the Prophet Esay call him decimum tertium Apostolum and Dorotheus Bishop of Tyrus do terme him one of the 70. Disciples He is called Iacobus frater Domini Iames the brother of the Lord in Math. 13. 27. Marke 6. 15. Galat. 1. and in this present history â–ª but in what sense he might be called his brother being his mothers sisters sonne reade Ierome agaynst Heluidius which handleth that question purposely He is called Iacobus Iustus and Oblias in the former chapiter of Eusebius This history reporteth him to haue bene placed by the Apostles Bishop of Ierusalem and there to haue gouerned the Church the space of 30. yeares for oft in the Scriptures he is founde at Ierusalem as Act. 1. 15. 21. 1. Corinth 15. Galat. 1. 2. Concerning his epistle and other parcells of holy Scripture that they were not generally receaued no maruell at all considering the malice of the Deuill in obscuring those thinges which proceade from the holy Ghost Eusebius writeth that besides the Epistle of Iames the Epistle of Iude the latter of Peter the 2. and 3. of Iohn with the reuelation were called into controuersy so that some reiected them some cleaued vnto them tanquam certis indubitatis Scripturis as certayne and vndoubted Scriptures Ierome in Catalog Eccles Scrip of Iames writeth thus vnam tantum scripsit epistolam quae ipsa ab alio quodam sub nomine eius aedita asseritur he wrote one epistle which is thought to haue bene published by an other vnder his name if this be the whole no danger at all The Canons commonly called the Apostles Canone 84. haue decreed this of the Epistle of Iames together with the other parcells of holy Scripture that it was to be receaued for Canonicall so hath the councell of Laodicea vnder Damasus cap. 59. about the yeare of our Lord 371. And the third councell of Carthage vnder Siricius about the yeare 417. cap. 47. Innocentius the first
Iosep bell Iud. lib. 6. cap. 1. 2. Their estate was miserable the famyne lamentable the slaughter out of all measure such as came out of the city were hanged on gibbetts such as fledde away were taken of the fugitiues tvvo thousand had their bowels ript to see whether they had swalowed vp any golde lib. 6. cap. 15. report came vnto Titus that from the 14. of Aprill vntill the 14. of Iune there were brought out at one gate of the city fiftene thousande one hundred and foure score Ievves which dyed of famine bell Iud. lib. 6. cap. vlt. The temple is sett on fire the priestes the women and children with other people which hid them selues in vautts in walls and in corners of the temple which also were burnt to ashes came to six thousande lib 7. cap. 11. Titus tooke the citye the souldiours killed vntill they were weary Titus commaunded all that wore armour to be slayne such as were olde weake and feeeble the souldiours dispatched the yong the lusty and profitable they shutt vp in a certayne place of the temple for further consideration Many were solde for a smale price there were many to be solde but few to bye all the theeues robbers and seditious persons within the city he commaunded forth with to be dispatched the chosen yong men of goodly bodyes and tall stature he reserued for triumphe seuentene thousand of elderly yeares he sent bound to Aegypt for slauery druggery â–ª many others through out the prouinces he allotted for spectacles and teeth of wild beastes â–ª as many as were vnder sixtene yeres â–ª of age were solde â–ª of such as were shutt vp in the temple for further consideration during the time of this deliberation and disposed order there dyed tvvelue thousande of famine Iosep bell Iud. lib. 7. cap. 15. 16. The number of the captiues during the tyme of the warres mounted to foure score and seuentene thousande The number of all that dyed during the siedge within Ierusalem came to tenne hundred thousande no maruell at all that the city could comprise so many for at the feast of the Passeouer Cestius being Lieuetenant of Iudaea sent Neroworde that the high priestes had numbred at his request all that came to offer which came to seuen and tvventy hundred thousande lib. 7. cap. 17. and suche was the wofull and miserable ende of the Iewes Iosephus moreouer lib. 7. bell Iud. cap. 18. writeth of Ierusalem that it was taken at sondry tymes before his wordes be these Ierusalem vvas taken the 2. yeare of the raigne of Vespasian the 8. day of September it vvas taken fiue tymes before then agayne destroyed Asochaeus King of the Aegyptians after him Antiochus then Pompeius after these Herode and Sosius tooke the city and kept it â–ª and before that tyme the King of Babylon by conquest destroyed it a thousande three hundred three score yeares eyght moneths and six dayes after the building thereof The first founder of this city vvas the most potent Prince of the Chananits called after his contrey language The iust king â–ª for such a one he vvas in deede â–ª therfore he first ordayned a priesthood vnto God and hauing first buylded the temple he termed the city Ierusalem vvhich afore vvas called Solyma Leobius King of the Ievves hauing vanquished the Chananits deliuered the city to be inhabited of his ovvne people the vvhich vvas ouerthrovvne by the Babylonians foure hundred three score foure yeares and three monethes after From Leobius the King vvhich vvas the first Ievve that raygned in it vnto the ouerthrovv vnder Titus there vvere one thousande one hundred seuenty and seuen yeares Yet for all that neyther did antiquity preuayle neyther great riches profit neyther the fame dispersed throughout the whole worlde fauour them neyther the great glory they put in their religion helpe them at all that the city shoulde not perishe Discite iustitiam moniti non temnere Christum CAP. IX Of Iosephus and his commentaries in the ninth and tenth chapiters folowing BEsides all this I thinke it good not to be ignorant of Iosephus him selfe that hath stoode vs in so great steade for the furnishing of this our present historye whence and of what kindred he came which circumstance he him selfe sheweth saying thus Iosephus the sonne of Mattathias a priest of Ierusalem vvhich him selfe also at the first impugned the Romaynes and vvas necessarily present at the finall ende of their vvofull miseryes because of the Ievves of that tyme. This man was famous not onely among his owne nation but also among the Romaynes so that at Rome he was thought worthy the honor of a grauen picture and the bookes which diligently he wrote were thought worthy of the publike librarye He wrote tvventy bookes of Iudaicall Antiquities he testifieth him selfe therefore worthy of creditt that he gathered in seuen bookes the Romayne vvarres of his tyme and published it both in the Greeke and Hebrewe tongues Certayne others worthy the reading passe vnder his name for example Tvvo volumes of the Antiquitie of the Ievvish nation where he aunswereth Apion Grammaticus and certayne others which at that tyme impugned the Ievves and endeuored to disgrace the natiue lawe of the Iewishe nation In the first he layeth downe the number of the bookes of the olde testament deliuered by tradition and receaued without gainfaying of the Ievves saying as foloweth CAP. X. How Iosephus mentioned the bookes of the old testament and diuers of his owne THe bookes of the holy Scripture sayth he are not innumerable amongst vs disagreeing dissenting one from an other but only xxij contayning the circumstances of all times and vvorthy of creditt fiue of these are Moses vvorkes contayning the lavves the state of man continevved vnto his death the tyme of them contayneth litle lesse then three thousand yeares The Prophetes vvhich liued after Moses comprised in thirtene bookes the famous actes of their tymes from the death of Moses to Artaxerxes vvho after the death of Xerxes vvas king of Persia The other foure containe Hymnes vnto God and admonitions for the amendment of mans life From Artaxerxes vnto our tymes there are continuall bookes yet not of such creditt as the former in so much there is not diligently layd dovvne a continuall succession of the Prophets It is very apparent vvhat affection vve beare vnto our Scriptures because there is novv so much time past and yet none of vs dare presume either to adde any thinge thereto or to diminish anything therefro or to alter any thinge thereof this is engrassed in the sevves from their youth vp that they persvvade them selues this doctrine to be the vvritinges of God and to perseuere in the same and vvillingly if necessity so constrayne to dye in the quarrell these wordes I haue thought commodiously to haue bene by vs alleadged out of his commentaryes this writer hath published one other and no simple volume of the rule of reason whiche some haue fathered vppon
intitled a key an other of the deuell an other of the reuelation of Sainct Iohn and of God incarnate last of all a booke dedicated vnto Antoninus In his booke of Easter he declareth the time when he wrote it begining thus In the time of Seruilius Paulus proconsul of Asia vvhat time Sagaris suffred martyrdome and the great sturre vvas moued at Laodicea tourchinge the Sabaoth vvhich then by reason of the time fell out these thinges vvere vvrytten of this booke Clemens Alexandrinus made mention in a seuerall tracte which he wrote of Easter and purposely as he testifieth himselfe by occasion of Melito his booke In his Apology vnto the Emperour he reporteth the thinges practised against the Christians wryting thus The godly people grened by reason of nevve edictes published throughout Asia and before neuer practised novve suffer persecution for impudent Sycophantes greedy gapers after other mens goods hauing gotten occasion through those proclamations openly robb and spoile day and night such as committee no trespasse at all And after a fewe lynes he sayth If this be done through your procuremēt let it stand for good for the Emperour that is iuste neuer putteth in practise any vniust thing vve vvillingly vvill beare avvay the honor of this death yet this onely vve hūbly craue of your highnes that you after notice and tryall had of the authors of this contention doe iustly geue sentence vvhether they are vvorthy of death punishment or of lif and quietnesse but if this be not your maiesties pleasure and the nevve edicte proceed not from your povver and authoritie vvhich vvere not seemely to be sett forthe agaynst barbarian enemies the rather vve pray you that you despise vs not vvhich are greued and oppressed vvith this common and shamefull spoyle Agayne to these he addeth The philosophie novve in aestimation amongest vs first florished among the Barbarians for vvhen as it florished vnder the great dominion of Augustus your forefather of famous memorie it fell out to be a most fortunate successe vnto your empire For thence forvvardes vnto this daye the Romaine empire increased and enlarged it selfe vvith greate glorie vvhose successor novve you are greatly beloued and haue bene long vvished for and vvilbe together vvith your sonne continually prayed for retaine therefore this religion vvhich encreased vvith the empire vvhich began vvith Augustus vvhich vvas reuerenced of your auncetors before all other religions This vvas a greate argument of a good beginning for since that our doctrine florished together vvith the happie beginning empire no misfortune befell vnto it from the raygne of Augustus vnto this daye but of the contrary all prosperous and gloriouse and gladsome as euery man vvished him selfe Onely of all others Nero Domitian through the persvvasion of certaine enuious dispitefull persons vvere disposed to bring our doctrine into hatred From vvhome this sclaunder of flattering persons raised against the Christians sprong vp after a brutishe maner or custome but your godly auncetors corrected their blinde ignorance and rebuked oftentimes by their epistles their sundry rashe enterprises Of vvhich number Adrianus your graundefather is knovven to haue vvritten both vnto Fundanus Proconsul and President of Asia and to manie others And your father yours I saye in that you gouerned all thinges together vvith him vvrote vnto the cities in our behalfe and vnto the Larissaeans Thessalonians Athenians and to all the Grecians that they should innouate nothing nether practise any thing preiudiciall vnto the Christians but of you vve are fully persvvaded to obtaine our humble petitions in that your opinion and sentence is correspondent vnto that of your predecessors yea and that more gracious and farre more religious Thus as ye reade he wrote in the aforesayde booke And in his Proeme to his annotations of the olde Testamente he reciteth the cataloge of the bookes of the olde Testament then certeine canonicall the whiche necessarilie we haue annexed writinge thus Meliton vnto the brother Onesimus sendeth greeting VVhereas oftentimes you beinge inflamed vvith earnest zeale tovvardes our doctrine haue requested of me to select certaine annotations out of the lavve and prophets concerning our Sauiour and our vvhole religion and againe to certifie you of the summe of the bookes contained in the olde testament according vnto their number and order of placinge novve at length I beinge mindefull heretofore also of your petitions haue bene carefull to performe that you looke for knovving your endeuer your care and industrie in setting forth the doctrine of faith marching forvvards vvith loue tovvards God and care of euerlasting saluation vvhich you preferre before all other thinges VVhen that I traueled into the east and vvas there vvhere these thinges vvere both preached and put in practise I compiled into order the bookes of the olde testament suche as vvere vvell knovven and sent them vnto you vvhose names are these The fiue bookes of Moses Genesis Exodus Leuiticus Numeri Deuteronomium Then Iesus Naue the Iudges the booke of Ruth foure bookes of kinges tvvo of Cronicles the Psalmes of Dauid the Prouerbes of Solomon the booke of VVisdome Ecclesiastes the Canticles Iob Esay and Ieremie the Prophets on booke of the tvvelue prophets Daniel Ezechiel Esdras vpon the vvhich vve haue vvritten six bookes of commentaries Thus farre Meliton CAP. XXVI Of the writings of Apollinarius and Musanus ALthoughe there were many volumes written by Apollinarius yet these onely came to our handes A booke vnto the foresaide Emperour fiue bookes against the gentiles 2. bokes of the trueth 2 bookes againste the Ievves and suche bookes as afterwardes he wrote against the Phrygian heresie whiche not longe after waxed stale then firste buddinge out when as Montanus together with his false prophetisses ministred principles of Apostasie so farre of him Musanus also spoken of before wrote a certaine excellent booke intituled Vnto the brethren lately fallen into the heresie of the Encratits which then newely had sprong and molested mankinde with a strange and perniciouse kinde of false doctrine the autor whereof is sayde to bee Tatianus CAP. XXVII Of Tatianus and his heresie WE meane that Tatianus whose testimony a litle before we haue alleaged toutchinge the renoumed Iustinus whome also we haue reported to haue bene the Martyrs disciple The same dothe Irenaeus declare in his first booke against heresies wryting of him and his heresie thus Out of the schole of Saturninus and Marcion sprange the Hereticks vvhome they call Encratits that is to say continent persons vvho taught that mariadg vvas to be abhorred contemning the auncient shape and molde of man framed of God and so by sequel reprehending him that made the generation of man and vvoman Againe they haue commaunded abstinence from liuing creatures for so they call them shevving themselues vngratefull tovvards God vvhich made all thinges for the vse of man They deny that the first man vvas saued and this blasphemie lately spronge vp Tatianus beinge originall
is practised in this levvd fact of theirs ether they persvvade them selues that the holie scriptures vvere not endited by the instinct of the holy ghost so are they infidels or else they thinke thē selues vviser thē the holy ghost vvhat other thing do they in that then shevv thē selues possessed of a deuill they cā not deny this their bold enterprise for they haue vvrittē these things vvith their ovvne hands they can not shevv vs vvho instructed them vvho deliuered them such scriptures vvhence they trāslated their copie◠diuerse of them voutchsafe not to corrupt the scriptures but flattly they denie the lavve and the prophetes vnder pretense of their detestable and impious doctrine of fayned grace they fall into the bottomlesse gulfe of perdition but of them thus muche shall suffice The ende of the fyft booke THE SIXT BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORYE OF EVSEBIVS PAMPHILVS BISHOP OF CAESAREA IN PALAESTINA CAP. I. Of the persecution vnder the Emperour Seuerus WHen as Seuerus persecuted the churche of God there were noble martyrdomes of suche as suffered for the profession of the true faith ▪ but speciallye at Alexandria whither chosen champions out of Aegypt and all Thebais as vnto a moste notable Theatre of God were brought and after a moste pacient sufferance of simdry tormentes and diuerse kindes of deathe were crowned of God with garlandes of immortalltie Of this number was Leonides called the father of Origen and there beheaded who left his sonne very yonge and of tender yeares howe also he was disposed and affected towardes Christian religion from that tyme forth it shall not be at this tyme vnseasonably written Specially for that he is famous and renowned throughout the whole worlde Some man will saye it is no small peece of worke to printe in paper the lyfe of this man and that it will require a whole volume to it selfe but at this present cutting of many things vsing as muche breuitie as may be we will runne ouer certaine thinges which concerne him selected out of their epistles and histories which were his familiars whereof some lyued in our tyme and reported certaine things of him To be short we will declare suche things as shall seeme worthye of memorie and that were done from his cradell vnto this tyme. Seuerus then had ended tenne yeares Laetus then gouerned Alexandria and the rest of Aegypte ▪ Demetrius lately after Iulianus had taken vpon him the ouersight of the congregations there CAP. II. Origen desirous of Martyrdome was in greate daunger and beyng delyuered he professed diuinitie at Alexandria with earnest studie and led a maruaylous honest lyfe THe heate of persecution was very vehemēt an infinite number of persons were crowned with Martyrdome when as Origen yet verye yonge bare in his minde a feruent desire of Martirdome so that he hazarded himselfe skipped and brake forth and coueted voluntarily to be doyng in that daungerous combatt Yea narrowsie did he escape for it had coste him his life had not the diuine and celestiall prouidence of God stayed him by the meanes of his mother to the further commoditie and profite of many She at the firste entreated him with manye wordes to tender hir motherly affection but perceauing him to be more vehemently incensed and kindled ▪ knowing his father to be kept in close prison and wholly minded to suffer Martyrdome she constrayned him to remaine at home hydinge from him all his apparrell He then being able to do no other thinge more prompte in minde than rype in yeares could not reste wrote vnto his father a letter in the whiche he exhorteth him thus O father faynt not neither imagin◠amisse bicause of vs. Let this be the firste token of the industrie and syncere minde of Origen in his childhood towards christian religiō set forth in this our history ▪ for he beyng of a child trained vp exercised in holy scripture shewed then no small signes of the doctrine of faith his father furthered him not a little to the knowledge of them when as besides the studie of liberall artes he instructed him in these not as the lesser parte For first of all before the exercise of prophane literature he instructed him in holy Scripture and demaunded of him daily a certaine taske of that he learned and rehearsed And this trade was not vnprofitable for him being a child but he grewe therby vnto such facility and promptnes that he contented not him selfe with the bare and casual reading of the words but sought farther searching the perfect and profound vnderstanding therof so that diuers times he would set his father demaunding of him what was meant by this that place of holy Scripture But his father checked him to his face in outward sight admonishing him not to search ought aboue the capacity of his yeares more then plaine letter gaue to vnderstand Yet to him selfe he reioyced greatly yelding vnto God the author of all goodnes harty thankes for that he had made him the father of such a sonne The report goeth that the father often vncouered the breast of his sonne in his sleepe and solemnly kissed it as if the holy ghost had taken there the inner parte for his priuy closset and thought him selfe happy of such an ofspringe These and the like thinges they remember to haue happened vnto Origen being yet a childe When his father dyed a Martyr he was left an orphane of the yeares of seuenteene with his mother and other children his brethren to the number of six his father◠substance was confiscated to y ◠Emperours treasorie y ◠want of necessaries pinched him together with his mother brethren he casteth his care vpon the diuine prouidence of God he is receaued and refreshed of a certain matrone which was very ritch also religious which harbored in her house a certaine man of Antioche an errant heretike of the sect then fresh at Alexandria one that was accepted of her for her sonne and deare friende Origen then of necessitie vsing his company shewed forth manifest proofes of his cleaning fast vnto y ◠right and true faith For when as an infinite multitude not only of heretikes but also of the true faith frequented vnto Paulus so was he called for he was counted a profounde and a wise man he could not be perswaded to be present with him at prayers but obserued the canon of the Church from a childe and detested ▪ as he witnesseth him selfe in a certaine place the doctrine of heretikes he was of his father absolutely instructed in the profane learning of y ◠Gentils but after his fathers death he applied a litle more diligently the study of rhetoricke and hauing before meanely applied humanity now after the death of his father he so addicteth him vnto it that in short space he got sufficiency to serue his turne both tollerable for the time correspondent to his yeares for he being idle at schole as he
spoken he vvas speachelesse agayne The boye ranne vnto the Priest it vvas night the Priest vvas sicke and could not come vvith him And because I gaue commaundement sayth Dionysius that such as vvere aboute to dye if humbly they requested shoulde be admitted to the ende they being strengthened in faith might departe in peace he deliuered vnto the boy a litle of the Eucharist commaunded him to crimble or soke it and so droppe it by a litle a little into the olde mans mouth the boy returneth and bringes vvith him the Eucharist vvhen he vvas hard by before he came in Serapion sayd comest thou my sonne the priest caÌ„not come vvhy then dispatch thou that vvhich he commaunded thee to doe and lett me departe the boy immixed or loked the eucharist and vvith all lett it by droppe meale into the old mans mouth vvhereof vvhen he had tasted a litle forth vvith gaue vp the Ghost â–ª is it not manifest that this olde man vvas so longe helde backe vntill he vvere absolued and loosed from the linke of sinne by confessing in the presence of many the fault he had committed Thus farre Dionysius CAP. XLIIII The epistle of Dionysius byshop of Alexandria vnto Nouatus NOwe let vs see what he wrote vnto Nouatus who at that time molested the Churche of Rome Because that he pretended the cause of his fall and the occasion why he embraced that Apostasie and schisme to rise through the perswasion of certaine brethren as if he were thereunto compelled by them Marke howe he wryteth vnto him Dionysius vnto the brother Nouatus sendeth greeting If thou vvast constrayned against thy vvill as thou sayest thou vvilt declare the same if thou returne vvillingly â–ª thou shouldest haue suffred anything rather then to rent a sunder the church of God neither is this martyrdome vvhich is suffred for not seueringe and deuidinge the Church of lesse glorie then that vvhich is tollerated for denyall of sacrifice vnto deuels â–ª yea in my iudgement it is offarre greater glorye For in the one martyrdom is suffred for one soule in the other for the vniuersall church but if thou ether persvvad the brethren or constraine them to returne to vnitie this notable fact vvilbe farre greater then the fault that vvent before the one vvill not be imputed the other vvilbe comended If thou canst not persvvade the rebellious and disobedient saue at leaste vvise thine ovvne soule I desire thy health in the Lord and thy embracing of peace vnitie Thus he wrote to Nouatus CAP. XLV The catalogue of Dionysius Alexandrinus Epistles concerning repentance HE wrote an Epistle of repentance vnto the bretherne throughout Aegypt where he layeth downe his censure of such as fell and describeth meanes to correct vices of the same matter there is extant an epistle of his vnto Conon byshop of Hermopolis and an exhortation vnto his flocke of Alexandria among these there is an other wryten vnto Origen of martyrdome likewise he wrote of repentance vnto the brethern of Laodicea whose byshop was Thelymidres to the bretherne throughout Armenia whose byshop was Meruzanes Moreouer he wrote vnto Cornelius byshop of Rome approuinge his epistle against Nouatus where he reporteth that he was called of Elenus byshop of Tarsus in Cilicia and other his companions Firmilianus byshop of Cappadocia and Theoctistus byshop of Palaestina to meete them at the synode held at Antioch where diuerse went about to establish the schisme of Nouatus he addeth besides howe he signified Fabius there to haue deseased and Demetrianus to haue succeded him byshop of Antioch He wrot of the byshop of Ierusalem these wordes The renovvmed Alexander dyed in pryson There is extaÌ„t an other epistle of Dionysius vnto the Romayns deliuered by Hippolytus againe he wrote an other of peace and repentance an other vnto the confessors which cleaued vnto the opinion of Nouatus Againe other two epistles vnto such as were conuerted vnto the churche and to many others he wrote very profitable tractes for the studious readers to peruse The ende of the sixt booke THE SEVENTH BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORYE OF EVSEBIVS PAMPHILVS BISHOP OF CAESAREA IN PALAESTINA CAP. I. The wickednesse of Decius and Gallus the Emperours the death of Origen NOwe takinge in hande the seuenth booke of the ecclesiasticall historye the great Dionysius byshop of Alexandria who partely by his commentaries and partely by his Epistles described all the seuerall actes of his time shall stande vs in good steede Here hence will I beginne this present booke â–ª when Decius had not raygned full two years he was slayne together with his sonnes whome Gallus succeeded at what time Origen of the age of threscore nine yeares departed this life but of the foresayd Gallus Dionysius wrote vnto Hermammon in this manner Neyther did Gallus perceaue the implety of Decius neyther did he foresee what seduced him but stumbled at the same stone which laye right before his eyes who when the emperiall scepter prosperously befell vnto him and his affayrs went luckely forvvardes chaced awaye the holy men which prayed for peace and his prosperous estate and so he banished together vvith them the prayers continually powred vnto God for him And this much of him The translator vnto the reader IN so much that Ensebius throughout his sixt booke almost in euery chapiter hath wrytten at large of the famous clarke and greate doctor of Alexandria by name Origen and nowe also in the beginninge of his seuenth booke reporteth of his ende and that in fewe wordes I thought good for the readers sake for the more absolute and perfect deliuer aâ—â—â— of the story and for the further knowledge of his ende to annexe here vnto a worthie history out of Suydas a greeke writer who liued about a thousande years agoe toutching the thinges which happened vnto Origen a litle before his death his wordes are these The life of Origen out of Suydas Origen is sayd to haue suffred much afliction for Christs sake being famous eloquent and trayned in the Church euen from his youth vp but through enuy he was brought before the rulers magistrats through the despitefull subtlely crafty â—nuâ—tion of Satan he was brought into great sclaunder blemish of infamy A man they say the authors of iniquitie deuised to vvorke the feat as much to saye they prepared an Aethiopian or foule blacke moore beastly for to abuse his body but he not able to avvaye neyther vvillinge to here so horrible an Acte brake out into lovvd speach and exclaymed at both the thinges vvhich vvere giuen him in choyce rather then the one that he vvoulde doe the other in the end he consented to sacrifice vvherefore vvheÌ„ they had put frâ—kensence in his hand they threwe it into the fire vpoÌ„ the altar by this meanes he was by the iudges put froÌ„ martyrdome also banished the church wheÌ„ he had thus done he was so ashamed that
these torments and persisted constant and the bones laye all bare the fleshe banished awaye they powre Vineger myxt with salte into the festred woundes and brused partes of the bodie When he had ouercome also these tormentes and reioyced greatly thereat a greediron with hotte burninge coales is prepared and that which remayned of his bodie was layde thereon to be bruyled a slowe fire beinge made vnder to consume it by little and a little lest that death quickly deliuered him of his payne So that they which had the charge of the fire woulde release him of no part of his payne vnlesse he promised to yelde in the ende to the Emperours decree But he holding fast his former opinion ouer came them yelded vp the ghost in the middest of his torments So valiant as you heare was the martyrdome of one of the Emperours pages correspondent vnto his name for he was called Peter The thinges which happened to the rest were nothing inferior to these the which according vnto our former promise we will leaue vntoutched addinge onely this to that which went before how that Dorotheus and Gorgonius with many others of the Emperours familie after sundry torments ended their lyues on the gallowes and bare away the garlande of victorie At this time also was Anthimus bishop of Nicomedia beheaded for the christian faith and with him a great multitude of martyrs For I wot not how in the emperours palace at Nicomedia some parte of the house was all a fire and when the Christians were taken in suspicion to be the authors therof by the emperours cōmaundement the whole troope generally of all the godly there at that time was executed whereof some with sworde were beheaded some other with fire burned where also by the secret deuine prouidence of God as the report goeth both men and women skipped and leaped into the flaminge fire An other companie the sergiants sette in a boate and threwe into the deapth of the sea The Emperours pages after their death decently buried and resting in their graues were digged vp and by the commaundement of their lordes cast into the sea lest any adored them in their sepulchers and tooke them for gods as they dreamed of vs. and such were the practises in the beginning of the persecution at Nicomedia but in a while after when that some in the region called Melitis and againe some other in Syria were found ready to rebell the Emperour commaunded all the pastors throughout euery church to be imprisoned and kept in holde The spectacle of the practises was so cruell to behold that it exceeded all that therof may be spoken Infinite multitudes were euery where inclosed and the prisons of old appointed ordained for murtherers diggers vp of sepulchers and riflers of graues were then replenished with bishops ministers deacons readers and exorcists so that there was no rowme in the prison for such as were condemned for hainous offences Agayne when the former edicts had taken place there followed others by vertue of the which such as sacrificed were set at libertie and such as resisted were commanded to be tormented with a thousand kind of torments Who is able heere to number the multitude of all the Martyrs throughout all the worlde specially in that they suffred martyrdome throughout Aphrick and amonge the Moores throughout Thebais and Aegypt throughout other cities and prouinces CAP. VII The constancie of certaine Martyrs deuoured of wyld beasts in Palaestina and Phaenicia WE haue knowen diuers of these to haue florished in Palaestina agayne others in Tyrus of Phaenicia whose infinite stripes and in their stripes a maruelous constancie and after their stripes their sodaine bickeringe with rauening beastes in their bickering their valiant courage in withstanding the force of fierce Libards the rage of roaring Beares the tuskes of wylde Boares the woodnes of Bulls burned with fire and seared with hotte glowinge yron who wyll not be amazed to beholde at the doinge of all which we were present our selues and sawe with our eyes the deuine power of our sauiour Iesus Christ for whose sake they suffred these thinges present and manifestly aydinge these Martyrs neyther durst these rauening beastes of a longe time drawe nygh and approche vnto the bodies of the blessed saincts but raunged about and deuoured such as sette them on without the ringe toutchinge by no meanes among all the rest the blessed champions though their bodies were bare though they prouoked them with the streatchinge forth of their handes as they were commaunded And if some tyme violently they fell vpon them backe agayne they recoyled as if they had bene repelled by diuine power from aboue which continewing a long time brought great admiration vnto the behoulders When the first beast raunged aboue to no purpose the seconde and thirde were let loose at the one and the same martyr the sufferance of those Sainctes was to be wondred at their constancy firme and immoueable in their freshe and greene bodyes Then might a man haue seene a yong stripling vnder twenty yeares of age standing still without any holding stretching forth his handes in forme of a crosse making earnest supplication vnto God with a setled and immoueable minde not wagging him selfe at all or poynting any whither from his standing place yea thought the beares and Libards breathed out present death and now as it were teared his fleshe in peeces with their teethe yet I wott not howe as if their iawes had bene glued together they recoyled back agayne Besides this yong man ye might haue seene others in number fiue throwen at the feete of a fierce bull which tossed into the ayre and tore in peeces with his hornes such as stoode without the ryng and left them as good as deade onely the holy Sainctes he had no power to hurte with his furious and cruell threats thoughe he scattered the earth with his feete and fanned the ayre with his hornes though he were prouoked to fiercenesse with searing yron and fomed out present death yet by the diuine prouidence of God he was pushed backe When that this beast could nothing preuaile agaynst the holy Martyrs others were let loose at length after sundry bitter torments and violence of wilde beastes all were beheaded and in steade of still earth and quiet sepulchre they swamme in the surging waues of the seas CAP. VIII Of the martyrs in Aegypt THe like bickering had they of Tyrus in Aegypt the which they suffred for the seruice of God then wouldest thou haue marueled at their martyrdomes suffred vpon their owne natiue soile where infinite both of men and women and children for the saluation procured by our Sauiour Iesus Christ contemning this transitory life haue endured sundry kindes of torments wherof some after mayming and racking and scurging thousands other vexations horrible to be hearde of were burned to ashes others drowned in the seas others manfully layd their neckes to y e blocke others hanged on y e
phrase correspoÌ„dent vnto y â— capacitie both of learned and vnlearned readers Wherefore entring to discourse of him we purpose to proceede in this order after our preamble hath vsed a litle digressioÌ„ fet a small coÌ„passe for to lay downe his kinred his nurture the maner how he attained vnto y â— emperiall crowne Constantinus y â— Emperour who chauÌ„ged y â— name of ByzantiuÌ„ termed it CoÌ„stantinople had two brethren of one father but by diuers mothers the one was Dalmatius y â— other Costantius Dalmatius had a sonne of his owne name Constatius also had two soÌ„nes Gallus Iulianus When as after the death of CoÌ„stantinopls fosider y â— yoÌ„ger Dalmatius had ben staine of y â— souldiers these orphanes likewise bereaued of their naturall father escaped narowly the vnlucky successe of Dalmatius for they had bene cut of dispatched had not sicknesse diseases as it was thought incurable saued Gallus life youthly age of eight yeare old preserued Iulianus aliue kept him from y â— tyraÌ„ts clawes But after y t the Emperour was appeased his furie withdrawen froÌ„ raging against theÌ„ Gallus was trained vp vnder schoolemaisters at Ephesus in Ionia where their auncetors had left either of theÌ„ great legacies Iulianus also being come to y â— stature of a spriÌ„gall gaue him selfe to learniÌ„g in y â— cathedrall church of CoÌ„staÌ„tinople where was a free schoole he went in simple meane attire was taught of Macedonius y â— Cunuch he learned graÌ„mer of Nicocles y â— Laconian Rhetorike of Ecebolius y â— sophist who theÌ„ was a ChristiaÌ„ The Emperour ConstaÌ„tius prouided very well lest y â— by hauiÌ„g an ethnike to his maister for Iulianus was a ChristiaÌ„ froÌ„ his cradell he should fall to y â— superstitious idolatry of pagaÌ„s WheÌ„ he had profited very much in good discipline godly literature y â— fame weÌ„t of him amoÌ„g y t people y t he was a man both able fit to gouerne beare office in the coÌ„mon wealth The which thing afterwards being then rife in euery mans mouth disquieted y â— Emperour not a litle Wherfore he caused him to be remoued from y â— princely citie of CoÌ„staÌ„tinople into Nicomedia charged him not to treade in y â— schoole of Iabanius y â— Syrian Sophist Iabanius then was expelled by y â— schoolemaisters of ConstaÌ„tinople kept a schoole at Nicomedia who powred out y â— poison of his caÌ„kred stomake displeasure coÌ„ceaued agaiÌ„st y â— schoolemaisters in a certaine booke which he published agaiÌ„st theÌ„ though Iulianus was therfore forbiddeÌ„ to frequent Libanis lessoÌ„s because he professed paganisme and heathenishe literature yet for all that was he so in loue with his works that he procured them vnto him secretly and by stelth and perused them with greate labor and diligence When he had taken good successe and great profit in Rhetorike it fell out that Maximus the philosopher not the Byzantian the father of Eucleides but the Ephesian came to Nicomedia â–ª whome the Emperour Valentinianus afterwardes founde to be a coniurer and recompenced him with present death â–ª but that as I sayde before fell afterwards At that time there was no cause that draue him thither but the fame of Iulian. Of this man it was that Iulian learned the precepts of philosophie but as for religion he had such a maister as inflamed his minde to aspire vnto the imperiall scepter When these thinges came to the Emperours eares Iulian nowe muzinge betwene hope and fearefull hatred howe he myght be voyde of suspition who of late had bene a true Christian but nowe an hypocriticall dissembler shaued him selfe and counterfayted a monkishe life For all that priuely he applyed heathenishe and philosophicall discipline but openly he read holy scripture so that he was made reader in the church of Nicomedia Thus craftely vnder cloke of religion did he appease the furious rage of the Emperour incensed agaynst him These things did he of feare yet not dispayring of hope for he sticked not to tell diuers of his familiar friends that it woulde be a happie worlde if he were made Emperour When it went thus with him Gallus his brother was created Caesar who taking his iourney into the East came by Nicomedia for to see him After that Gallus in a while after was slayne immediatly from that time forth Iuliamus was had in greate suspicion of the Emperour and therevpon commaunded that he shoulde be straightly looked vnto he espying fitt opportunitie to escape his keepers conueyed him selfe away and saued his life At length Eusebia y â— Empresse finding him by chaunce lurking in some secret and obscure place intreated the Emperour in his behalfe that he would not onely doe him no harme but also graunt him his lawfull fauour for to repaire to Athens for further knowledge in philosophie To be short he sent for him made him Caesar gaue him his sister Helen to wife and sent him into Fraunce for to wage battaile with y â— barbarian nations which rebelled agaynste their Christian Emperour For the Barbarians whome the Emperour Constantius had hyred a litle before to geue battaile vnto Magnentius the tyraÌ„t when as they preuayled nothing against him they fell a ransacking and spoyling of the cities within the Romaine dominions and because Iulian had but a greene head and of no great yeares the Emperour gaue him charge to enterprise nothing without the aduise and counsell of his sage expert captaines When y â— they hauing this large commission waxed negligent so y â— the Barbarians had the vpper hand Iulianus permitted the captaines to banquet to take their pastime pleasure layd downe a sett and certaine reward for euery Barbarian that was slayne whereby he did the more incourage the souldiers By this meanes it fell out that the power of the Barbarians came to nought and that he him selfe was greatly beloued of his souldiers The fame goeth that as he entred into a certaine towne a greene garland hanging by a corde betwene pillours wherewith commonly they are wont to trimme their houses and sett forth the beautie of their cities fell vpon his head and sitted him very well insomuch that all the people then present gaue a great shout thereat â–ª for it was thought that the falling garland prognosticated vnto him the glory of the imperiall seepter following after Some say that Constantius sent him against the Barbarians hoping that in skirmishing with them he shoulde there be dispatched â–ª but whether they report truely or no I knowe not For after that he had maryed him to his sister if then he shoulde pretende him friendship and practise mischiefe towards him what other thing were that then to procure vengeance to lyght vpon his owne pate but whether it be thus or otherwise lett euery man iudge as he thinkes best When Iulian had signified vnto the Emperour the carelesse and sâ—outhfull disposition and negligence of
and decreed that in handling the diuinitie of God there should thenceforth no mentioÌ„ be made of these words affirming y â— the word essence was not founde in holie scripture and that the Apostle in deliueringe the grounde of doctrine was constrayued of necessitie to vse the word substance But they decreed farther that in an other sense to the end the opinion of Sabellius might be rooted out these words were to be admitted lest that through the want of proper wordes we should be compelled to imagine the thinge of three names to be as one but that the seuerall names of the blessed Trinitie signifie and sett forth God to subsist by him selfe in proper substance These were the things decided in that Councell I see nothinge to the contrarie but that presently also we may laye downe what we learned and read of the wordes essence and substance Such as laboured in Greece to sett forth the sage doctrine of the Grecians gaue vs to vnderstande that the worde Essence was diuersly to be taken and had many significations but of the word Substance they made no mention at all nay Irenaeus Grammâ—ticus in his Atticke Dictionarie termeth it a barbarous worde He sayeth moreouer that it can not be founde in any auncient writer and if that perchaunce we lyght vpon it that it was neuer meant in the sense we take it That Sophocles in his Tragedie of Phoenix taketh Hypostasis for wyles or conspiracie and Menander for sauce and resignifyed also lâ—es or dregges of wyne For though the auncient Philosophers haue not vsed this worde yet we see that the later wryters haue taken it very oft for Essence But we haue spoken before that the definition of Essence was deliuered to haue diuers significations If that Essence may be comprised by definition howe when we entreate of God which is incomprehensible can we properly vse this boyced Euagrius in his booke intituled The Mooke exhorteth vs to refrayne from rashe and vnaduised reasoninge of the God head he forbyddeth the definition of the diuinitie of God because it is a simple thinge For definitions sayeth he are alwayes of concâ—eâ—â— and compound things not of the abstract and simple His wordes are these Euery proposition as the Logicians doe vvrite hath eyther Genus of vvhome it may be verifyed oâ— Species or Differentia or Proprium or Accidens or that vvhich dependeth of these But in the handlinge of the blessed Trinitie none of all thâ—se is to be required because it can not be layde dovvne neyther expressed by vvordes therefore it is not to be defined but reuerently to be runne ouer vvith silence So farre presently out of Euagrius but here after more at large We of our owne parte although we steme to haue digressed yet in so much these things appertayne vnto the discourse of our present argument 〈◊〉 haue thought good to lay them downe here CAP. VI. The Apollogie of Athanasius in defence of his flyght in the tyme of persecution AThanasius at that very tyme read in the hearinge of such as were present an Apollogie the which he had written a litle before in his owne defence when as by reason of the armed souldiers that besett the churche of Alexandria and sought his lyfe â–ª he was fayne to leaue all and runne away Whereof I haue thought good at this present to alleadge some such parcell as may seeme to brynge most profitt vnto the louing reader leauinge the whole discourse beynge somewhat ouer longe vnto the labour and industrie of the paynefull students Beholde â—ayth Athanasius the lewde practises of vvicked persons Although they are priuie vnto these haynous offences yet for all that they are nothinge ashamed of the contumelyes an dâ—â—uell tyrannle they exercised against vs but charge vs in their opinion vvith a foule spott and blemishe of infamie for escapinge the handes of cutthrotes and bloodâ—uckers yea they beshrevve them selues that they dispatched vs not out of the vvay Moreouer to the ende they may stayne my credite and aestimation they fall to accuse me for faint courage and timorous disposition being forgetfull that vvhilest they blased these thinges to my dispraise they turned the shame to light vpon their ovvne pates For if it be a discredite to slie the handes of the tyrant hovve much more to persecute meÌ„ vnto the death He that flieth seeketh meanes to saue his life but he that persecuteth goeth about to procure the others death That vve shoulde flie in such cases the scriptures are on our side but in thurstinge after the bloode of our brother the commaundement is broken and the author thereof is founde chiefe cause of the flight If they blame any man for geuinge them the slippe they are vvorthie of farre greater shame and reprehension For lett them ceasse from persecutinge and threatninge of death then vvill the other remaine still and not runne avvay But their spite and malice hath no ende they doe nought else â—aue deuise feates to bringe men vnto destruction yea vvhen they knovve full vvell that the flight of the persecuted is a foule shame vnto the persecutours For no man flieth the gentle and meeke but rather the cruell and vvicked man They that vvere greeued and farre indetted vnto others gaue Saul the slippe and fledde vnto Dauid VVherefore these men goe about to dispatche such as conuey them selues out of their vvay lest the levvdnesse of Bishops be manifestly knovven vvithout doubte herein they seeme to be starke blinde For looke hovve euident the flyght is farre more apparent vvyll theyr slaughter and banishmentes seeme vnto the vvorlde If they murther men death no doubt lifteth her voyce and soundeth out their crueltie if they fall a banishinge of them therein they sett vp monuments to the remembrance of their vvicked doinges Had they bene in theyr ryght vvitts they might haue easilie perceaned their ovvne follie and them selues ouerthrovven in their ovvne deuises But in that they are bereaued of their vvittes and beside them selues they fall a persecutinge of others and vvhile they endeuour to mischiefe others they perceaue not their ovvne malice and impietie If they reprochefully charge them which hide them selues from such as seeke their liues and accuse them for strenge the handes of the persecutor what haue they to say I beseche you vvhen they heare that Iacob fledd from the face of his brother Esau and that Moses for feare of Pharao â–ª conueyed him selfe to Madian VVhat haue these contentious quarellers to saye vnto Dauid vvho fledd from Saul vvhich sent of his garde out of his house to slaye him hid him selfe in a caue counterfeited his person vntill that subtly he had past Abimelech the priest and auoyded their layinge of vvaite for him VVhat ansvvere can these rashe bablers geueâ— vvhen they see that the greate prophete Elias vvho so deuoutly called vpon the name of God and raysed the dead vvas faine to hide him selfe from Achaab and runne away because of
whose name was Amachius who commauÌ„ded that the Idolatricall temple of the Ethnicks which stood in y t citie should be set wide open that the foule heapes and filthy corners of a long time vnfrequeÌ„ted should be made cleane and fell himselfe a worshipping of the Idols Which act of his pricked not a litle in conscience the zealous christians Wherefore one Macedonius Theodulus and Tatianus beinge kindled with fetuencie of loue towardes the christian fayth coulde in no wise away with such horrible practises but in the burninge zeale of their godly inindes brake in the nighte season into the temple threwe downe theyr Idols and stamped them into pouder Whereat when the gouernoure was wonderfull wroth and purposed to execute diuerse of the citizens whiche were giltelesse and innocente persons the authors thereof presented themselues of their owne accorde before him and chose to dye themselues for the trueth rather then any other for their sakes should be depriued of their liues After they were layde in holde the gouernoure commaunded that they should cleare theÌ„selues by sacrificinge vnto the Idols and threatned them if they refused he would seuerely punishe them They beinge of a noble minde valiant courage set nought by his threats made themselues redy to suffer what tormente soeuer were layde vpon them for they counted it farre better to loose their liues then to defile their soules with those impure sacrifices The gouernour wheÌ„ he had assayd them at all kind of torments last of all set them on the gredyron caused fire to be made vnder broiled them to death And to the end they might valiantly encouÌ„ter vnder the glorious garlande of victory they reason thus with the gouernour If thou longe O Amachius after broyled meate turne vp the other side of vs least in the eatinge we seeme rawe vnto thee and the bloode runne aboute thy teeth This was the ende that these men had CAP. XIIII VVhen the Emperoure Iulian forbad the christians the studie of Prophane literature both the Apollinaruses the father and the sonne fell a wrytinge The profltte that the christians haue in prophane wryters THe lawe whiche the Emperoure made that the christians shoulde not be trained vp in the liberall sciences made bothe the Apollinariuses of whome we spake before to be of farre greater fame For either of them beinge skilfull in suche artes as directed our style and orations the father a grammarian the sonne a Rhetorician profited very much the christians and furthered at that time not a little the churche of God For the father as a profounde grammarian framed the arte of humanitie vnto the furtherance of Christian religion he turned the fiue bookes of Moses into Heroycall verse together with other bookes of the olde Testament which contayne Hystories partely in Hexameter verse and partely after the forme of comedies and tragedies with the fitte application of persons he wrote in all kinde of meter to the ende the christians shoulde not be ignorant and vnskilfull in any rare gifte that excelled among the Gentils The sonne an eloquente Rhetorician broughte the wrytinges of the Euangelistes and workes of the Apostles into Dialogues as Plato vsed amonge the Heathens Althoughe their laboure and industrie seemed auaylable and greatelye to sette forthe the seruice of God in so muche that thereby the lewde drift of the Emperoure was stopped from takinge effect yet the prouidence of God did farre exceede both their carefull studie and dashed also the Emperours wiked deuise For immediatly the Emperours lawe as hereafter it shall more manifestly appeare was abrogated and theyr workes were as muche spoken of as if they had neuer bene wrytten But here peraduenture some man will saye vnto me why then doe ye attribute bothe the aforesayde vnto the prouidence of God As toutchinge the shorteninge of the Emperoures dayes it is knowen well inoughe howe auaylable it was vnto christian religion but in that the Poâ—trye of bothe the Apollinariuses was neglected and that the christians freely applied the Philosophicall sciences of the heathens there is no man will graunte that it furthered the seruice of God and the faith of Christ For it can not be without daunger that the christians maye wade in the doctrine of Ethnickes in so muche it teacheth that there be many Gods Vnto these things which aptely may be obiected vnto vs we will presentely frame suche answers as we can The doctrine of the Gentiles is allowed neither by Christ neither by his Disciples as inspired from aboue neither altogether reiected for daungerous And I take y â— to haue come to passe not without the speciall prouidence of almightie God For there were many heathen Philosophers which were not farre from the knowledg of God such as by publique disputation confuted the Epicures and other contentious Philosophers delited with the quirckes of logicke and ouerthrewe their palpable error and ignorance And thoughe they coulde stande the fauorers of christian religion in greate steade for their furtherance of learninge yet attained they not vnto the grounde principall point of our religion insomuch they vnderstoode not the mystery of Christ which was concealed the coÌ„tinewance of many ages and generations The whiche the Apostle in his epistle vnto the Romanes sheweth plainely in these wordes The wrath of God is reuealed from heauen against all vngodlines and iniquitie of men which withholde the trueth in vnrighteousnesse For the thinge that may be knowen of God is manifest amonge theÌ„ because God hath shevved it vnto them For his inuisible thinges beinge vnderstoode by his workes are seene through the creation of the world that is both his eternall power godheade so that they are without excuse because that when they knewe God notwithstanding they glorified him not as God VVherefore they knowinge the trueth which God reuealed vnto them were worthie of death because that wheÌ„ they knewe God they glorified him not as God Therefore sithence that the Apostle forbadd not the knoweledge of the Gentils doctrine he gaue free licence and libertie vnto euery man at his choice and pleasure to wade in the vnderstandinge of them Let this suffire for one reason to the satisfiynge of the former doubts The seconde is as followeth The holy Scriptures inspired from aboue deliuer vnto vs diuine precepts and mysticall doctrine they graffe in the mindâ—s of suche as heare them true Godlines and the righte trade of liuinge they sette wyde open before such as study them the most sacred faith they teach vs no logicke wherewith we may withstand such as oppugne the trueth although the aduersaries are easiest ouerthrowen when their owne armoure and proper defence is vsed to their foyle and destruction But the christians enioyed not this benefit by the workes of bothe the Apollinariuses This was it that the Emperoure Iulian shotte at when as he made a lawe that the christians shoulde not be schooled in the doctrine of the Gentils He knewe full well that the fables contained in
of theyr spitefull muention was turned downe to the ground When the Emperour vnderstoode of their manifolde dissentioÌ„ that they buylded not vpon y â— auncient fathers exposition of the faith but trusted to their sophisticall quirckes of Logicke dealt an other way with them bad euery sect lay downe theyr faith and opinion in wrytinge Then the principall of euery secte tooke penne in hande and wrote his opinion There was a daye appointed for the purpose All the Bishoppes beinge called mette at the Emperours pallace There came thither Nectarius and Agelius fauoringe the faith of one substance Demophilus of the Arians Eunomius himselfe in the name of the other Eunomians and Eleusius Bishop of Cyzicum for the Macedonians First of all the Emperour saluteth them rurteously next he receaued euery ones wryting then he went a side lockt in himselfe sell downe vpon his knees and prayed vnto God that he woulde asist him in the choice and reuealing of the trueth Last of all hauing perused euery ones opinion he condemned and tore in peeces all such Creedes as derogated from the vnitie which is in the blessed Trinitie he allowed highly commended onely of all the rest the Creede containing the clause of one substance This was the cause that the Nouatians were fauored and thenceforth suffred to celebrate their woÌ„ted assemblies within the walles of the citie The Emperoure wonderinge at their consente and harmonie toutching y â— faith made a lawe that they should enioy their owne churches w t securitie and y â— their churches should haue such priuiledgs as the other churches of the same opinion faith were wont to haue The Bishops of other sectes because there raigned amonge themselues mutuall discorde and dissentioÌ„ they were set at nought of the people committed to their owne charge Who though at their departure they were all soroweful pensiue yet fell they a coÌ„forting of their charge by letters exthorting them not to shrinke at all from them because many had left them and fell to embracinge the faith of one substance For many were called but fewe chosen This they vttered not when y â— greatest parte of the people cleaued vnto the higher power and zealously embraced their faith Yet for all this were not they which held the faith of one substance voyd of disturbance and molestation For the controuersie that sell out in the churche of Antioch deuided such as were of the councell into two factions for the Aegyptians Arabians Cyprians held together thought good to remoue Flauianus out of the Bishops seae of Antioch but the Palaestinians PhoeniciaÌ„s Syrians tooke his parte The issue end of this controuersie I will lay downe in an other place CAP. XI Howe that Maximus the tyrant through wiles sleâ—e the Emperour Gratian. And howe that Iustina the Empresse the mother of Valentinianus the yonger left persecutinge of Ambrose Bishop of Myllainâ— because she feared Maximus the tyrant WHen the councell was helde at Constantinople we haue learned such a broyle as followeth to haue bene in the Weste partes of the worlde Maximus a Brittaine tooke armour against the Empire of Rome and conspired the death of Gratian who nowe was weakened together with his power by reason of the battail he waged with the Germanes Probus sometimes a Consul was chiefe gouernour of Italy during the nonage of Valentinianus who w t great prudence ruled the common weale Iustina Valentinianus the Emperours mother being infected with the silch of Arianisme while her husbande liued coulde no kinde of way molest such as embraced the faith of one substaÌ„ce yet after his deseasse remouing to Mediolanum and her sonne being of tender yeares she raised such tumults against Ambrose the Bishop that in the end he was exiled But when the people for the singuler loue and affection they bare vnto Ambrose with stoode her act and hindred their force that went about to conueye him to exile tydings came y â— Gratianus through the wiles sleight of Maximus the tyraÌ„t was put to death Andragathius the captaine of Maximus hidinge himselfe in a chariot resemblinge the forme of a licter borne of mules gaue his souldiers charge to signifie vnto the Emperours gard y â— the Empresse rode therein weÌ„t to meet y â— Emperour who passed ouer Rhodanus a flood y â— runneth by Lions a citie of Fraunce The Emperour thinkinge verily that his wife was there in deede aboyded not the conspiracie but fell vnawares into the enemies hand as a blind maÌ„ falleth into y â— ditch For Andragathius lighted downe out of y â— chariot slewe Gratianus presently He died in the Consulship of Merogandus Saturninus after he had raigned fifteen yeares liued foure twenty The which newes cooled y â— heat of y â— Emperours mother kindled agayust Ambrose Wherefore Valentinianus y â— time constrayuâ—ng him thereunto receaued Maximus with unwilling mind to be his fellowe Emperour Probus y â— gouernour of Italy fearing y â— power of Maximus determined with himselfe to remoue into y â— East with all speed he left Italy and hasteninge towardes Illyrium made his abode at Thessalonica a citie of Macedonia CAP. XII Theodosius the Emperour left Arcadius his sonne and Emperour at Constantinople went towards Millayne to wage battail with Maximus the Bryttaine THeodosius the Emperour for y â— aforesaid cause was wonderfull sory he gathered greate power to go against the tyrant feared greatly lest Maximus would coÌ„spire the death of Valeutinianus y â— yonger Then came also legats from y â— Persians to conclude peace betwene theÌ„ the Emperour it was the very same time y â— his sonne Honorius was borne by his wife Placilla y â— Empresse in y â— consulship of Richomelianus Clearchus the neenth of September A litle before wheÌ„ y â— aforesaid men were consuls Agelius y â— Nouatian bishop finished the mortal race of his naturall life The yeare following being the first coÌ„sulship of Arcadius Augustur Vadon after y â— Timotheus bishop of Alexandria departed this life Theophilus succeeded him in the bishoprick The second yeare wheÌ„ Demophilus the Arian bishop had chaunged this life y â— Arians sent for Marinus out of Thracia a man of their owne crue appointed him their bishop Marinus in whose time y â— AriaÌ„s were deuided among theÌ„selues as it shal be shewed hereafter liued not many dayes after wherefore they call Dorotheus out of Antioch in Syria assigne him their bishop The Emperoure leauing his sonne Arcadius at ConstaÌ„tinople marched forewards to geue battail vnto Maximus As he came to Thessalonica he found the souldiers of Valentinianus all dismayed quite discouraged because y â— necessitie had constrained them to take the tyrant Maximus for an Emperour Theodosius shewed himselfe openly to seeme of nere nother side For wheÌ„ Maximus had sent embassadours vnto him he neither receaued neither reiected theÌ„ yet was he sory y â— the Empire of Rome
neither say this or that place stoode thus before the fire consumed them CAP. XIIII Of sundry calamities that raignedin diuerse contreyes ABout the same time wheÌ„ the Scythian battaill waged w t the Romaines which inhabited the Easterne partes of the Empire waxed hotte Thracia Hellespontus and Ionia were wonderfully shaken with earthquakes no lesse were the fiftie Iles called Cyclâdes in the seae AegaeuÌ„ Cnidos in Caria Coo so that many of theyr buildings were turned downe to the ground Priscus moreouer writeth there fell at Constantinople and in Bithynia such stormes of raine and water that for the space of three or foure dayes it poured downe like wholl streames and floodes beate downe the hills and mountaynes with the violence thereof and made them playne valleyes that the villages were all on flote and in daunger of drowning that in the lake Boan not farre froÌ„ Nicomedia by reason of the filth and all kinde of baggage which the water brought thither there were seene Ilands but these things came to passe in a while after CAP. XV. The mariage of Zeno and Ariadne LEo the Emperour gaue Ariadne his daughter to Zeno made him his sonne in lawe who of a chylde was called Aricmesus yet being maried he gott that name of a noble man of Isauria that had beene of greate honor and renowme Howe this Zeno attayned vnto greate estimation vpon what occasion Leo preferred him before all other Eustathius Syrus hath left vs in writinge CAP. XVI Of Anthemius that became Emperour of Rome and also of such as succeeded him ANthemius at the request of the Romane embassadors inhabiting the west which were sent in embassie vnto Leo y â— emperour abiding at Constantinople was sent to be emperour of Rome to whome Martianus the emperour had geuen his daughter in mariage Basiliscus also the brother of Berina the wife of Leo was made captaine ouer a great armye of chosen soldiers sent against Genzerichus al which circumstances Priscus Rhetor hath exquisitly handled neither onely these things but also how Leo conspired the death of Aspar whom he him selfe had made Emperour as the reward of honor he aduaunced him vnto and slew with him also his sonnes Ardaburius whom he had made Caesar Patricius to th end he might skorne at the insolency ignorance of Aspar their father when Anthemius who gouerned the empire of Rome fiue yeare was slaiâ—e Olymbrius was by Rhecimerus proclaimed emperour after the dispatching of him Glycerius was created emperour he raigned fiue yeares was deposed by Nepos who stept in his rowme made Glycerius a Romane byshop of Salone a city in Dalmatia Orestes put Nepos beside the empire after Orestes his sonne Romulus syrnamed Augustulus was the last emperour of Rome of the thousand three hundred yeares after the raigne of Romulus when he departed this lyfe Odoacer gouerned the Romane common weale who refused the name of an emperour would haue him selfe called a king CAP. XVII The death of Leo the Emperour of yong Leo that came after him likewise of Zeno his father and successor ABout that time Leo the emperonr hauing raigned seuentene yeares deposed him self of the imperial scepter at Constantinople placed Leo that was of tender yeares the sonne of Ariadne his danghter of Zeno in the empire After him came Zeno y â— father of Leo the yonger to be emperour the sonne in law of Leo the elder this he obtained through the procurement of Berina the wife of Leo y â— elder in a while after when yong Leo had departed this life Zeno raigned alone but al what so euer he did during his raigne or what othermen did against him what thinges happened in his dayes we purpose by the help of God to discourse in the next booke following CAP. XVIII Asummarie recit all of all the acts of the councell held at Chalcedon briefely handled before by Euagrius in the 4. chapter of this 2. booke where he promised to refer the reader for further knowledge vnto the end of this 2. booke now he performeth it with a large ample discourse maruell not at all gentle reader though he repeat here certen things which he laid downe before As I finde them in the greeke so thou hast them in Englishe be beginneth thus PAscasianus and Lucentius the byshopps and Boniface the priest supplyed in this councell the absence of Leo byshopp of olde Rome Anatolius al 's byshopp of Constantinople Dioscorus byshopp of Alexandria Maximus byshopp of Antioch Iuuenalis byshopp of Ierusalem with their seuerall clergie were present at the councell There sate with them the chief senators vnto whome the substitutes of Leo sayde that Dioscorus ought not to sitt in the councell with them that Leo their byshop had charged them no lesse and if they woulde not yeelde vnto it that they woulde leaue the Churche and bidd them farewell When the Senators demaunded what crimes Dioscorus was to be charged withall their aunswere was that he who contrarye to all right and honestie playde the part of a Iudge was to abide the sentence of iudgement him selfe for the censure he had pronounced of others These thinges beinge spoken and Dioscorus also beinge appointed to stande in the middest Eusebius byshop of Dorilaeum requested that the supplication he had sent vnto the Emperour might be openly reade in their hearing and withall he added these wordes I protest vnto you that Dioscorus hath iniuried me not a litle he hath also brought our religion into great infamye he procured the death of Flauianus the byshop and wrongfully deposed him together with me cause I beseeche you my supplication to be reade When he had made an ende of speakinge his supplication was reade contayninge suche a forme as followeth The humble supplication of Eusebius byshop of Dorilaeum exhibited vnto the most vertuous Emperours requestinge he may be hearde pleadinge both for himselfe for the catholikefaith and for Flauianus byshop of Constantinople IT behoueth your maiesties most noble and puisant emperours to prouide carefully for the quietnesse of all your louing subiects yet when all others sustaine iniuries euer to vphold and assist the sacred senate of priesthood and herein verily the diuine godheade which graunted vnto you the rule domination of the whole world is truely honored wherfore seing the christian faith we our selues also haue bene oppressed diuersly molested with extreme wroÌ„g by Dioscorus the most reuereÌ„d byshop of the most noble city of Alexandria we are come vnto your wonted clemeÌ„cy most humbly to craue iustice at your hands The occasion of our coÌ„plaint is as followeth In the councel lately held at the famous city of Ephesus I would to God it had neuer bene called together then had it not brought into the whole world such horrible mischiefe and hurliburly the aforesaid Dioscorus who trode right reasoÌ„ vnder foot who set the fear of God farre out of his sight who
dissention to embrace peace and vnity â–ª of the same matter also he wrote vnto Peter Byshop of Alexandria CAP. XXII Of the schisme raised at Alexandria and in sundrie other places toutching the councell of Chalcedon WHen the schisme waxed hotte and the sedition grieuous within the citie of Alexandria Peter perswaded certaine Byshops and gouernours of monasteries to communicate with him There he condemned and accursed the decrees of Leo the actes of the Chalcedon councell and suche as woulde not receaue the bookes of Dioscorus and Timothee Manye others he banished their monasteries when he could not allure them to his hereticall opinion wherfore Nephalius tooke his voyage to Constantinople reuealed the wholl vnto Zeno who therefore was wonderfull sorie and sent thither Cosmas one of his garde for to threaten and rebuke Peter verie sharpely partly for coutemninge the Epistle of Zeno intitled of concorde and partly also because that through his rough dealinge so great a sedition was raysed But when Cosmas could preuaile in nothinge saue onely that the expulsed monks were restored by his meanes vnto their monasteries backe againe he got him to the Emperour Wherefore the Emperour the seconde time sent Arsenius lieuetenant of Aegypt and captaine of the garrison amongest them who together with Nephalius went straighte to Alexandria entreated them to keepe the peace but when he could not obtaine his purpose he sent some of them to Constantinople And for al there was great reasoninge in the presence of Zeno about the councell of Chalcedon yet was there nothinge concluded for neither did Zeno wholly cleaue vnto it CAP. XXIII Of Phranitas and Euphemius Byshops of Constantinople Athanasius and Iohn Byshops of Alexandria Palladius and Flauianus of Antioch with others ABout that time when Acacius Byshop of Constantinâ—â—â— had finished the mortall race of his naturall life Phranitas was chosen to succeede him in the Byshopricke He wrote letters of amitie vnto Peter but Peter aunswered him againe and inueyed bitterly against the councell of Chalcedon This Phranitas continewed Byshop no longer then foure moneths but he died and left Euphemius to succeede him When Peter wrote vnto him also letters of amitie and Euphemius perceaued that in them he accursed the councell of Chalcedon he was all out of quiet and woulde in no wise communicate with Peter Both their Epistles are extant Phranitas vnto Peter and Peter vnto Phranitas the whiche I will omitte because they are longe and tedious When Euphemius and Peter contended among them selues and while they purposed to call synods together one against the other it fell out that Peter departed this life in whose rowme Athanasius succeeded which laboured with all might to reconcile suche as were at discorde and dissention but he could not preuaile because their mindes were so drawen into diuers and different opinions The same Athanasius wrote afterwardes letters of amitie vnto Palladius the successor of Peter in the byshopricke of Antioch specially concerning the councell of Chalcedon So did Iohn the successor of Athanasius in the seae of Alexandria Moreouer when Palladius Byshop of Antioch had departed this life Flauianus succeeded him and sent Solomon priest of Antioch to Alexandria with letters of amitie vnto Iohn requiringe an aunswere by the same messenger After the deceasse of Iohn an other Iohn succeeded him in the byshopricke of Alexandria These things continewed in this sort the raigne of Anastasius for he deposed Enphemius of his byshopricke yet was I fayne here to rehearse them in order for the playner deliuerance and better vnderstanding of the storye CAP. XXIIII How Armatus cosen to Berina the Empresse was put to death KEno through the procurement of Ilus dispatched out of the way Armatus the cosin of Berina the Empresse whom Basiliscus sometime had made captaine against him yet he wonne him to his side made him in steade of his enemy his companion and created his sonne Basiliscus Caesar at Nice notwithstandinge these great benefites he got him to Constantinople and conspired the death of Armatus his sonne Basiliscus in steade of Caesar he made priest who afterwardes was preferred to be Byshop CAP. XXV The death of Theodorichus the Scythian which tooke armour against Zeno. ABout that time Theodorichus a Scythian borne prepared him selfe to geue Zeno the Emperour battaile he raised a wonderfull great army in Thracia and marched forwardes towardes Constantinople he destroyed all the countrey before him vnto the entry of Pontus and verily he had taken Constantinople had not some of his dearest friendes bene displeased with him and conspired how to bereaue him of his life he himselfe beinge geuen to vnderstande of the hatred that was borne vnto him gaue backe yet not longe after he dyed but what kinde of death I am now about to declare There honge on high before his campe after the Barbarian maner a speare cleft in the ende He beinge desirous to reuiue his spirites and exercise his body commaunded they shoulde bringe him a horse In all the hast as he was in other thinges altogether impatient vp he gets him the horse beinge vnbroken and fierce praunced about fette diuers carrieres ere Theodorichus coulde settle him selfe in his sadle he fanned the aer with his forefeet and stood bolt vpright onely vpon the hinder feete so that Theodorichus had muche adoe to struggle with him yet durst he not pull the bridle lest he fell vpon him neyther was he fast on his horse but was tossed to and froe so that the point of the speare whiche honge ouer his heade toutched him and at length stucke in his riâ—bes that he was daungerously wounded thereupon he was constrained to keepe his bedde and shortly after dyed CAP. XXVI How Martianus raised battaile against Zeno and what became 〈◊〉 him â—n the ende AFter the death of Theodorichus Martianus the sonne of Anthemius Emperour sometime of Rome and allyed vnto 〈◊〉 the Emperour rebelled against Zeno. â–ª He had maried Leontiâ— the yonger daughter of Leo and fell to practise tyrannye When they had fought in the pallace and many fallen of both sides Martianus foyled his aduersaries and had taken the pallace had not he posted his deuise ouer vnto the nexte daye and let slippe the opportunitie that was geuen him Occasion is a slipperie thinge beinge once past perhaps it will not come againe beinge gone out of our hande it flyeth with the aer â–ª laugheth the pursuers to scorne and bids fooles farewell For he that will not when he may when he will he shall haue nay Poets and Paynters the fathers of glosses and vizards vse to portract the forepart of the heade with a bushe of heare and to leaue behinde the bald skull geuinge vs very wittily to vnderstand that while occasion or opportunity is behinde it can not be helde for there is no heare to take holde of but while it is in the forehead it flyeth away makes of the pursuer a foole Whiche verily happened vnto
for all that he thrust Zeno beside the Emperiall scepter he was ouercome of him againe and lost his head As for Valens that persecuted the Christians I wil yeld take him to thee thou speakest of none other Let no man take this our discourse for impertinent stuffe or bayne digressiō it is both profitable for the reader and agreeable with our purpose because the heathenish historiographers of spite and malice haue endeuored to corrupt the true histories And nowe let vs returne vnto the rest of Anastasius raygne CAP. XLII Of Chrysotelia a kind of tribute deuised by Anastasius EUen as the acts mentioned before were nobly done of Anastasius and agreeable with the maiesty of an Emperour so there ensued immediatly after other doinges of his which darkned the commendation and renowne of the former For he deuised the tribute called Chrysotelia He made marchandise of the souldiers stipend and wages not without greate domage vnto the cōmon weale He tooke away from the courts and places of iudgement their tribute and reuenewes appoynted throughout euery city suche as they call Proctors or Attorneys through the procurment as they say of Marinus Syrus the chiefe Magistrate called Presidente of the haule Thereof it came to passe that the greater part of the tribute and reuenewes was lost the worship and honor of cities decayed For vnto that time y ◠names of the Senatours or Aldermen were matriculated and euery city counted of the benchers as of a Senate CAP. XLIII The rebellion and tyranny of Vitalianus VItalianus a Thracian rebelled against Anastasius ouerranne Thracia Mydia as farre as Odyssus and Anchialus marched towardes Constantinople with a greate multitude of people which had no certaine dwelling but roged about and lay in the fleldes the Emperour sent Hypatius to geue him battail But Hypatius being betrayed of his owne souldiers taken aliue and ransomed with a greate summe of money Cyrillus made expedition agayust him fought a daūgerous and a doubtfull fielde so that many beganne to flee Agayne when Cyrillus by pursuing after the enemy calling agayne his owne souldiers seemed to haue the vpper hand Vitalianus turned him vnto Cyrill and as the souldiers recoyled of spite he tooke him in Odyssus Last of all be inuaded the wholl cuntrey vnto Sycae destroying with sword and consuming with fire all that lay in his way purposing fully to take Constantinople and to be crowned Emperour As he pitched his campe in Sycae Marinus Syrus mentioned before went from the Emperour with a great nauy to geue him battaill Wherefore whē theyr armies came nigh together the ones front was towards Sycae the others towards Constantinople First that for a while they sturre not next they skirmish and florish vpon the water no otherwise then daliaunce In the ende they close theyr nauies fought a sore battaill about Bytharia where Vitalianus hauing lost the greater parte of his power was altogether discouraged and tooke his flight Away went his souldiers with all speede so that the day after there coulde not one of the souldiers be seene either passing ouer the seaes or wandering about the city The reporte goeth that Vitalianus abode a while in Anchialus and there liued quietly Furthermore an other sorte of Barbarians who likewise liued abroade cut ouer the seae and inuaded Pylas a city in Cappadocia About the same time Rhodos on a certaine night now the third time was shaken with a wonderfull great earthquake and in manner all ouerthrowen CAP. XLIIII VVhen Anastasius would haue had this clause who was crucified for our sakes added to the hymne called Trisagium the people were on an vprore so that he sent vnto them he would be no longer theyr Emperour the people with that were appeased Not long after Anastasius died ABout that time there was among the citizens of Constantinople a sore tumult and sediciō because the Emperour had added vnto theyr Trisagium who was crucified for our sakes as if the interlacinge of that clause had bene an ouerthrowe vnto Christian religion The captayne and ringeleader of this hurlyburly was Macedonius with the Priests of his diocesse as Seuerus wryting vnto Sotericus doth remember This Seuerus was not then made priest but liued in the Emperours pallace being not expulsed his monastery with the reste as I sayde before I take that Macedonius was banished not onely for the crimes he was falsely charged withall but also for this present sedition And when the people were furiously disposed because of the former clause not onely the nobility were in great daūger of theyr liues but also many goodly buyldings were set on fire The people in theyr rage founde a certaine Monke a rude and simple fellowe in the house of Marinus Syrus firste they strike his heade of his shoulders sayinge that through his procurement the aforesayde clause was interlaced afterwardes they tyed him to a longe poll and lifted him on high with great shoutinge in derision of him here is he that conspired againste the Trinitye The slame of sedition did so flash about and theyr behauiour was so outragious that the Emperour for sorowe wist not what to doe he threwe aside the Emperiall scepter came vnto the theatre sente the bedells about to proclaime that with good will he woulde be Emperour no longer that many in no wise were to be preferred to that rowme for y ◠place allowed but of one which was to succeede him in the Empire The people hearing of this chaunged theyr minds vpō a suddayne requested Anastasius to take the crowne and in so doing they woulde be quiete Anastasius shortely after this sturre departed this life when he had bene Emperour of Rome twentye seuen yeares three moneths and so many dayes The ende of the thirde booke of Euagrius Scholasticus THE FOVRTH BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF EVAGRIVS SCHOLASTICVS CAP. I. Of Iustinus the first Emperour of that name WHen Anastasius had chaunged the worse for the better life as I sayd before Iustinus a Thracian the nynth day of the moneth Panemus called of the Romaines Iulie the fiue hundredth threescore and sixte yeare after that the city of Antioch was so called tooke the gouernemēt of the Empire and was proclaimed Emperour by the pretoriā souldiers whose captaine he had bene what time he was maister of the hauliers He came vnlooked for vnto this Emperiall dignity for there liued thē many worthy personages of Anastasius alliance flowing in all welth and felicity and of that great power which accustometh to aduance and preferre men to that great honor and royalty CAP. II. Of Amantius the Eunuch and Theocritus and howe Iustinus put them to death ABout that time Amantius a man of greate power and chiefe of the Emperours chamber seing that no eunuch could be Emperour wished that Theocritus his sworne brother might attayne vnto y ◠Emperiall robe Wherfore he called Iustinus deliuered him a great summe of money bad him distribute it amonge such as he thought coulde doe
forwardes either we geue other men leaue to commit them to letters or peraduenture we our selues seeing that in this present volume we haue promised to discourse of other matters will entreat of them in an other seuerall worke yet thus much will I now say that Tamochosroes was ouerthrowne in the front of the host not with the fortitude of the Romaine armie but with the onely pietie of the Captaine and his faith in God that Adaarmanes was foyled with plaine force of armes and after great losse of his power put to flight yea and that not onely when Alamundarus captaine of the Barbarian nation called Scenetae â–ª betrayed Mauricius in that he would not come ouer the riuer Euphrates and ayde him against Scenetae which fought against him these Scenetae are so swifte on horsebacke that they can hardly be taken yea though their passage be stopt but when it standes them vpon they farre outrunne the ennemie but also when Theodorichus Captaine of the Scythians durst not tarye within their reache but shewed them immediatly a faire paire of heeles together with his souldiers CAP. XXI Of the signes prognosticating the raigne of Mauricius THere were signes which went before and foreshewed that Mauricius should be crowned Emperour As he offered frankencense very late in the night within the chauncell of S. Maries Church which the people of Antioche doe call the temple of Iustinian the curteine or canapie was all sette on fire and therewith he fell into such a dumpe that he feared the vision exceedingly Gregorie Bishop of that Citie standing by sayd that without all peraduenture the vision was sent from aboue and foreshewed the brightnesse of glory and the great renowne that was to befall him Christ moreouer appeared towardes the East seeking vengeaunce on the ennemies In that vision also was the raigne of Mauricius plainely prognosticated for of whom I pray you sought he that vnlesse it were of the Emperour and of such a man as serued him in holinesse As I searched out the truth and certainetie of these things his parentes tolde me other things worthie of memorie and the knowledge of the posteritie in time to come His father remembred that what time Mauricius was conceaued he sawe in his sleepe a mightie Vine to burgeine out of his chamber and that there hunge thereon infinite clusters of ripe grapes Hys mother tolde that when shee was deliuered the earth breathed vppe of her selfe a redolent sauour that was straunge and varied it selfe by turnes Also that a griesly ghost commonly called a Goblin or a Hegge tombled the infant from place to place as though he would deuoure him yet had no power to hurt him Symeon likewise that dwelt in a pillour not farre from Antioche a man of great wisedome and experience sufficiently adorned with all diuine giftes gaue forth many tokens both in worde and deede which plainely declared that Mauricius would be crowned Emperour concerning which Symeon if ought seeme expedient to be wrytten the next booke shall performe it CAP. XXII The coronation of Mauricius and Augusta VVHen Tiberius was redy to yelde vp the ghost and now come vnto deathes doore he gaue vnto Mauricius who then was proclaimed Emperour his daughter Augusta in mariage the Empire for dowrie who for all that his life during the terme of his raigne was prolonged but for a short space yet because of his noble actes which conueniently may not presently be committed to wryting he left vnto the common weale both an immortall memorie of his name and a passing inheritaunce to witte Mauricius whom he proclaimed Emperour neither only this but he gaue them also his owne title for he called Mauricius Tiberius and Augusta Constantina but what famous acts they did the next booke God willing shal declare CAP. XXIII A supputation of the times from Iustinus the second Emperour of that name vnto Mauricius TO the ende we may diligently note the succesuÌ„on of the times we haue to learne that Iustinus the yonger raigned by him selfe alone twelue yeres tenne moneths and odde dayes together with Tiberius three yeres and eleuen monethes so that his whole raigne comes to sixteene yeres nine moneths and odde dayes Tiberius was Emperour by him selfe alone foure yeres with Iustinus three yeres and eleuen moneths so that if we number the yeres from Romulus vnto the raigne of Mauricius they will appeare iust according vnto the supputation which went before and this present rehearsall CAP. XXIIII Areâ—itall of such as continewed their histories one after an other from the beginning vnto his time AS touching the order and continewance of times agreeable vnto the Ecclesiasticall historie it is come to passe by the goodnesse of God that we haue it at this day compendiously deliuered vnto vs by the workes of such famous historiographers as haue wrytten the sayd historie vnto the posteritie following for Eusebius Pamphilus hath wrytten from the birthe of Christ vnto the raigne of Constantinus Magnus Socrates Theodoret and Sozomenus haue continewed the times from Constantine vnto Theodosius Iunior of which Emperours doings this woorke also of oures hath somewhat discoursed As for the diuine and prophane histories from the beginning of the world vnto this day they are orderly continewed by painfull wryters And first of all Moises beganne to wryte as it is declared of them which compiled these things together of the things that were done from the creation of the world euen as he had truely learned of God in mount Sina Againe others folowed him shewed the redy way to attaine vnto our religion and committed to wryting the actes done since his time Moreouer Iosephus wrote a very large storie full of euery kinde of good matter What fabulous things so euer are reported to haue bene done either by the Grecians or Barbarians of olde time who either were at ciuill warres within them selues or waged battaile with foraine enemies or if any other thing can be remembred since the first molde of man was cast all I say besides sundry other wryters is laid downe by Characes Theopompus and Ephorus As for the Romaine historie comprising in maner the artes of the whole world or if any other thing fell out by reason of their ciuill discord or of quarelles risen betweene them and foraine nations it is exquisitely handled by Dionysius Halicarnassaeus who began hys story from the time of the people called Aborigines and continewed it vnto the raigne of Pyrrhus king of Epitus from theÌ„ce vnto the ouerthrow of Carthage Polybius Megapolitanus hath excellently discoursed all which treatises though occasioned at diuers and sundry times Appianus with graue iudgement hath contriued into order and compacted together adding thervnto of his owne such things as were worthy of memorie after their dayes vnto his time Diodorus Siculus wrote vnto the time of Iulius Caesar Dion Cassius likewise continewed his storie vnto the raigne of Antoninus of Emesa the like matter and order hath
Herodian in maner folowed ending with the death of Maximus Nicostratus also a Rhetorician of Trapezus began with the raigne of Philip the successor of Gordianus and wrote vnto Odaenatus of Palmyra and the ignominious expedition of Valerianus against the Persians Of the same things entreated Dexippus at large beginning with the raigne of the Macedonians and ending with the Imperie of Claudius the successor of Galienus the said author laid downe the warres of the Carpians and of other Barbarians in Hellada Thracia and Ionia Eusebius continewed his storie from Octauianus the Emperours raigne vnto the time of Traian Marcus and the death of Carus Arianus and Asinius Quadratus wrote somewhat also of those times The times folowing reaching vnto the raigne of Arcadius and Honorius the Emperours Zosimus hath prosecuted and of the things which happened since their times Priscus Rhetor with others hath discoursed All which hystories Eustathius of Epiphania hath briefly runne ouer but very excellently and deuided the whole into two volumes The first containeth the Actes from the beginning of the world vnto the destruction of Troie and the Pallace of Priamus the second contineweth the story from that time vnto the twelfe yeare of Anastasius the Emperours raigne There beganne Procopius Rhetor and ended with the dayes of Iustinian What happened since vnto these our dayes although Agathius Rhetor and Iohn both my felow Citezen and kinsman haue orderly wrytten of vnto the time when Chosroes the yonger both fledde vnto the Romaines and also was restored vnto his kingdom by Mauricius who went not therein faintly to worke but courageously as it became an Emperour and brought Chosroes into his kingdom with great treasure and armed souldiers yet haue they not as yet published their hystories Of whom hereafter by the grace of God we minde to speake as occasion shall serue The ende of the fift booke of Euagrius Scholasticus THE SIXT BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF EVAGRIVS SCHOLASTICVS CAP. 1. The solemne mariage of Mauricius and Augusta MAuricius being crowned Emperour first of all made preparation for the solemnitie of his mariage next celebrated such rites as became the Emperiall scepter and coupled vnto him in mariage Augusta otherwise called Constantina with great pompe and royaltie last of all made sumptuous feasts costly bankets with great glory and renowne Theosebia and y ◠Empresse came to this solenme mariage with a portly traine and rich presents The one brought with her not only the father and the mother of Mauricius which was neuer seene to haue happened to any Emperour before for to honor the mariage with their comely horenesse and reuerend wrincles but also his brethern of goodly stature proportion to set forth that royall solemnitie the other presented a garment all cloth of gold garnished with purple and pearles of India she brought also crownes couered wyth gold and precious stones of diuers sorts and sundry colours together w t all the nobilitie as well such as were renowmed for Martiall prowesse as they that were made of for their honourable order of the haule and pallace all they bare in their handes burninge torches stoode verye maiestically in the sight of all men vpholding the glory of that gorgeous spectacle so that there was neuer sene among men a more excellent a more roial shew Plutarchus Chaeroneus saith Damophilus a Romaine historiographer said very well that the puisance prosperous successe the fauor fortune of Rome ioined hands together but I had rather say that true piety felicity so met together in Mauricius alone that true piety forced felicity to be present would in no wise suffer her to be foyled ouerthrowen These things being finished Mauricius couered not onely his head with the crowne clad not onely his body in purple but also his minde with precious ornamēts for in maner he alone of all the Emperours fell a gouerning of his owne person and so became an Emperour in deede first he droue from his minde the popular state of affections next placinge the order of his peeres and nobilitie in the seate of reason he made him selfe a liuely paterne of vertue for his subiects to immitate and followe after Neither doe I report this of him to th ende I might sooth him with faire words and flattery to what purpose I beseech you should I doe so seeing he knoweth not of the things which I doe write but because the gifts which God hath so boūtifully bestowed vpon him and the affaires which at sundrye times enioyed suche prosperous successes doe manifestly proue it to be most true All which will we nill we we must confesse and acknowledge to be the goodnesse of God CAP. II. Of Alamundarus the Saracen and his sonne Naamanes THis Emperour besides all other men was carefull ouer suche as had bene attainted of high treason that none of them should be executed and therefore he beheaded not Alamundarus captaine of the Scenetae in Arabia who as I mentioned before had betrayed him but was driuen out of one onely Isle with his wife and certen children and banished for punishment into Sicilia And moreouer Naamanes his sonne who wrought infinite mischiefs against the common weale who had destroyed the two Phoenicias and Palaestina who last of all subdued the same regions with the helpe of the Barbarians rounde about him yea at what time his father Alamundarus was taken when all men craued his heade he kept him onely in free ward and enioyned him no other punishment the like clemencie he shewed to infinit other persons the which seuerally shal be spoken of when fit occasion is ministred CAP. III. Of Iohn and Philippicus Romaine captaynes and their doinges IOhn a Thracian borne was sent by Mauricius to guyde the Easterne armie who preuailinge but ill fauoredly in some battails in some others againe patching that which was a discredit vnto him before did as trueth is nothing that deserued any great commendation Next after him Philippicus one that was allied vnto y ◠emperour for he had maried one of the sisters made a voyage into foraine countreis destroied all that lay before him took great spoile and slew many of the nobles and peeres of Nisibis and of others on this side of the riuer Tigris he fought hand to hand with the Persians and geuing them a wonderfull sore battail he ouerthrew many that were of the chiefest of Persia and tooke many aliue a band also of speare men which fled into an hill lying very commodious for them he took not but let them go vntoutched which promised him they would send to their king with all speede to perswade him to peace Other noble acts did he while he led the Romaine power he brought the soldiers from riot and pleasure acquainted them with temperancie and diligent seruice All which circumstances we geue other men leaue if them please that either haue written or are about to write so farre to wade in
gotte vp on a packehorse and caried him awaye out of the fielde The Persians which were left aliue hauinge loste all their captaines ranne away and tooke Nisibis vpon them And because they feared to returne vnto their king for he had told them they should loose their heades vnlesse they broughte theyr captaynes safe and sounde agayne they fell a conspiringe againste Hormissda Barames also a Persian captayne who was newly come with his army from the warre against the Turckes perswaded them to doe no lesse In the meane while Comentiolus besieginge Martyropolis lefte there the greater parte of his power and wente him selfe with certaine chosen souldiers to take Ocbas a strong castell vpon the further banke ouer againste Martyropolis lienge vpon a steepe rocke where he might viewe the wholl citye of Martyropolis The which castell he besieged lefte nothinge vnattempted that might seeme auailable for the winninge of it battered downe certaine peeces of the walls with Catapeltes or brakes entred in that way and tooke it by force Wherevpon the Persians despaired thenceforth of keepinge Martyropolis any longer CAP. XV. The murtheringe of Hormisda kinge of Persia WHile the aforesayde sturre was in handelinge the Persians tooke Hormisda the moste wicked and vniuste kinge and slewe him because he had plagued his subiectes not onely with extortion but also with sundry kindes of death CAP. XVI The flighte of Chosroes the yonger vnto the Empire of Rome AFter the death of Hormisda the Persians crowned Chosroes his sonne to raygne ouer them againste whome Barames tooke armour with his wholle power Chosroes wente forthe to meete him with no great army perceauing that his souldiers left him droped away he fled straight way as he reported him selfe after he had called vpon the God of the Christians that his horse woulde beare him where he purposed to goe vnto Circesium When he came thither together with his wife two yonge children and certaine of the Nobles of Persia whiche accompanied him of their owne accorde he sente Embassadours vnto Mauricius the Emperour He after deliberation and aduisemente taken in that matter pondering with him selfe the mutable race and variable course of mans life the sodayne chaunge and alteration not onely of his state but of other thinges in like sorte accepted of his sute and Embassie and made Chosroes in steede of a banished man his gest in steede of a sorowefull fugitiue his louinge sonne and gaue him royall presentes for to allure him to roote his loue in his breste Neither did Mauricius only send him such bountifull giftes but the Empresse also vnto the wiues of Chosroes and the sonnes of Mauricius shewed the like humanity vnto his sonnes CAP. XVII The Emperour sent Gregorie and Domitianus to meete Chosroes and to geue him entertainment FUrthermore Mauricius sent all his garde and the wholl hoaste of the Romaynes with a captaine to meete Chosroes and to conducte him whithersoeuer it pleased him to goe And to the ende he might doe him the more honor he sent also Domitianus his kinsman that was Byshop of Melitina a man that excelled for wisedome and pollicy very fit both in worde in deede to handle graue matters and to heare weighty causes He sent againe Gregory which made Chosroes to haue him in admiration for the wise conference he had with him toutching all other matters for his bountifull presents and the graue counsaile he gaue him concerning his trouble and molestation CAP. XVIII Chosroes recouered againe the kingedome of Persia by the meanes of the Empire of Rome CHosroes comminge to Hierapolis the heade citie of Euphratesia returned homewardes Mauricius vnderstandinge thereof weyinge more the furtherance of Chosroes then his owne fame renowne holpe him to a great summe of money which was not seene before made him an armye of Persians vpon his owne costs charges furnished Chosroes both with Romaynes with Persians safe conduited him out of the Romayne dominiōs as farre as Martyropolis And first of all Sittas the traitor was deliuered vnto him next y ◠people of Martyropolis stoned him last of all they hanged him on the gallowes The citye of Daras was also geuen vp vnto him after that the Persians had priuely stolen away and after that the Romaines alone had foiled Barames in one battaill and he fled awaye alone with greate ignominye Chosroes was restored vnto his kingedome CAP. XIX The holy martyr Golauduch liued about this time ABout this time liued Golauduch amonge vs whiche suffered greate tormente and was piteouslye handeled by the Magicians of Persia at the laste crowned with Martyrdome after she had wrought many miracles Stephan the first of that name Bishop of Hieropolis wrote her life CAP. XX. The presentes which Chosroes kinge of Persia beinge an heathen sente vnto Sergius the Martyr CHosroes beinge nowe restored vnto his kingedome sente vnto Gregorie a crosse curiouslye wrought of gold and precious stone wherewith he would haue the honor of Sergius the renowmed martyr set forth extolled Theodora the wife of Iustinian had firste dedicated this crosse vnto him after that Chosroes the elder had taken it thence away as I haue remembred before together with sundry other monuments He sent an other crosse where he caused these words to be ingrauen in Greeke letters I Chosroes king of kinges the sonne of Hormisda haue sente this crosse For when we were cōstrayned to flie vnto the * dominions of the Empire of Rome through the deuelish procurement and false treachery of the most infortunate Barames and his Cabballarij and by reason of Zadespram the traitor his comming with an army to Nisibis for to pull backe the Caballarij which tooke parte with the citizens of Nisibis we sente Caballarij with a captaine as farre as Charchas for to withstande Zadespram to abate his courage trusting in holy Sergius the most honorable and renowmed martyr for we hearde in the first yeare of our raigne that he was wont to graunte such petitions as were made vnto him The seauenth day of Ianuary we cried vnto him for helpe and made a vowe that if our Caballarij either slue Zadespram or tooke him captiue we woulde sende vnto his temple a golden crosse garnished with pearles for to set forth his reuerend name and to be short about the beginning of February next following the head of Zadespram was broughte vnto vs. VVherefore hauinge obtayned our request that no man neede to doubt of the circumstance we haue sent to holy Sergius tēple for to honor his reuerende name this crosse which we made our selues together with the crosse which Iustinian Emperour of Rome had sent to the same temple yet was takē away brought hither by Chosroes kinge of kinges the sonne of Cabades our great graundfather at what tyme the Romaynes and Persians were at greate variance VVe founde this in our treasory and sente it to holy Sergius temple Gregorie receauinge these crosses with the consente of Mauricius the Emperour caried
pa. 164. Auxentius an Arian b. of Millane pa. 337. Azarias the prophet and his life pa. 523. B. BAbilas b. of Antioch died in prison pag. 111. 114. Babilas the martyr pa. 309. 310. Bachilides a godly minister pa. 71. Banchillus b. of Corinth pa. 92. Bararanes king of persia pa. 386. 422. Barcabus a prophet of the hereticke Basilides pa. 60. Barcoph a prophet of the hereticke Basilides pa. 60. Barchochebas a blinde guide of the Iewes pa. 59. 61. Bardesanes a Syrian and his bookes pa. 74. Barnabas one of the 70. disciples pa. 15. 19. his martyrdome pa. 519. Barsabas one of the 70. disciples pag. 15. he was also called Iustus Ioseph he dranke poyson yet did it not hurt him pa. 57. Barsanaphius a monke pa. 485. Bartholomevve the Apostle preached in India page 85. his martyrdome pa. 519. his life pa. 532. Baruch the prophet and his life pa. 530. Basilides the hereticke wrote 24. books vpon the Gospel pa. 60. 70 Basilides a soldier was beheaded for the fayth pa. 98. 99. Basilicus an hereticke pa. 86. Basiliscus a tyrant and his ende pa. 453. Basilius b. of Ancyra coÌ„futed Photinus the hereticke pa. 277. Basilius magnus b. of Caesarea in Cappadocia pa. 322. 334. 335. Belissarius a Romaine captaine pa. 477. Beniamin the 6. b. of Ierusalem pa. 59. Beryllus Byshop of Bostra in Arabia fell to heresie and was confuted by Origen page 108. 112. Biblis a woman was piteously tormented for the faith pa. 77. Bishops honored pa. 145. Bishops persecuted pa. 146. Blandina a woman of a wonderfull patience is martyred pa. 77. 78. 79. 80. Blastus an hereticke pa. 86. 90. Books of the olde and new Testament looke Canonicall scripture Books of holy scripture burned pa. 146. Bonifacius b. of Rome pa. 381. Bretanion a tyrant and his foile pa. 272. 274. Buddas an heretick his miserable end pa. 242. Burgonians receaue the faith pa. 393. 394. C. CAiphas an high prieste of the Iewes pa. 14. Caius Iulius Caesar howe he died pa. 469. Caius Caligula was Emperour afrer Tiberius pa. 21. he called him selfe a God he plagued the Iewes and raigned not 4. yeres pa. 21. 22. 23. his end pa. 469. Caius b. of Ierusalem pa. 86. Candidus wrote learned books pa. 94. Calistus b. of Rome 5. yeares pa. 108. Canonicall scriptures pa. 36. 45. 49. 50. 73. 84. 104. 109. 110. 137. 138. Capito b. of Ierusalem pa. 86. Caricus a learned man pa. 103. Carpocrates an hereticke pa. 60. 70. Carpus a martyr pa. 67. Carterius a schismaticke pa. 358. Carterius a monke pa. 362. Carus with Carinus and Numerianus was Emperour after Probus pa. 141. Cassianus b. of Ierusalem pa. 85. Cassius b. of Tyrus pa. 92. Cataphrygian heresie looke Montanus and his opinion Cecilianus b. of Carthage pa. 204. 205. Celadion b. of Alexandria pa. 62. Celestinus b. of Rome pa. 38. Cephas one of the 70. disciples pa. 15. 16. Cerdo b. of Alexandria pa. 47. Cerdon an hereticke pa. 62. Cerinthus and his heresie pa. 51. 52. 137. Characes an historiographer pa. 501. Chaeremon b. of Nilus fled with his wife into the desert pa. 117. Chiliastae and their heresie pa. 136. 137. Chosroes king of Persia pa. 509. Chrestus b. of Syracusa pa. 205. Christ is to be vnderstood two wayes pa. 3. Christ appeared to Abraham and conferred vvith him pa. 3. 8. 264. Christ appeared to Iacob pa. 4. 8. Christ appeared to Iosua pa. 4. Christe appeared in the forme of man and why after that sort pa. 5. Christ vvhat time he was borne in the fleshe pa. 5. 8. 9. Christ was a king an high priest and a Prophet pa. 6. 7. Christ tooke a reasonable soule pa. 300. Christ suffred not the 7. yeare of Tiberius as some did write pa. 13. Christ being 30. yeare olde began to preach and vvas baptized pa. 14. Christ preached not foure yeares pa. 14. Christ chose 12. Apostles and seuentie Disciples pa. 14. Christ vvrote an epistle vnto Agbarus gouernour of Edessa pa. 16. Christian religion is not nevve and straunge pa. 3. 7. 8. Christian behauiour pa. 54. Christians in deede and the definition of a true Christian pa. 8. Chrysostome looke Iohn Chrysostome Clarus b. of Ptolomais pa. 92. Claudius was Emperour after Caligula raigned 13. yeares pa. 23. 31. Claudius 2. was Emperour after Galienus tvvo yeares pa. 139. Claudian the Poet vvhen he florished pa. 422. Clemens Alexandrinus is alleaged pa. 15. 19. 23 28. 33. 52. 85. he vvas the master of Origen pa. 100. his workes pa. 103. Clemens the thirde bishop of Rome vvas Sainct Paules fellovve labourer pag. 37. 46. 47. he preached 9. yeares pag. 54. he is sayde to haue translated the Epistle vnto the Hebrevves from Hebrevve into Greeke pag. 56. counterfeyt vvorkes are fathered vpon him pag. 56. his Epistle vvas reade in the Churche pag. 71. Cleobius an heretick pa. 70. Comodus vvas Emperour after Antoninus Verus and raigned 13. yeares pa. 85. 94. his end pa. 469. Confession the original thereof and the rooting of it out of the Church pa. 351. Confessors pa. 81. Confirmation after baptisme by the hands of the bishop pa. 119. Conon b. of Hermopolis pa. 120. Constantius the father of Constantinus Magnus his raigne and end pa. 153. 158. Constantinus Magnus was proclaimed Emperour pa. 153. hovv he became a Christian pa. 215. 216. his death and funerall pa. 252. 253. Constantinus the yonger was Emperour pa. 252. 254. his death pa. 255. 272. Constantius the sonne of Constantinus Magnus pa. 252. he vvas an Arian pa. 254. his death pa. 295. Constans the Emperour pa. 252. 267. his death pa. 272. Coration a Chiliast vvas conuerted by Dionysius b. of Alexandria pa. 136. Cornelius the centurion is conuerted pa. 21. Cornelius the 4. b. of Antioch pa. 70. Cornelius b. of Rome pa. 114. 118. the Councel of Nice pag. 222. 223. 224. 225. 226. 227. the Councel of Antioch pa. 244. the Councel of Tyrus pa. 247. 249. the CouÌ„cel of AriaÌ„s met at Antioch pa. 256. 257. the Councel of Sardice pa. 265. the Councel of Ierusalem pa. 271. the Councel of Alexandria pa. 272 the Councel of Sirmium pa. 275. the Councel of Millane pa. 279. the Councel of Ariminum pa. 280. 282. 283. the Councel of Seleucia pa. 287. 288. 289. the Councel of Arians at CoÌ„stantinople pa. 291. the Councel of Arians at Antioch pa. 293. the Councell of Alexandria called the 2. pa. 300. 301. the Councel of Antioch called the 2. pa. 316. 317. the Councel of Lampsacum pa. 319. the Councel of Sicilia pa. 325. the Councel of Constantinople summoned by Theodosius magnus pa. 344. the Councell of Angaris pa. 352. the Councel of Cyprus pa. 368. the Councel of Ephesus pa. 3â—â— 41â— 413. the Councel of Ephesus called the 2. pa. 417. the Councel of Chalcedon pag. 420. 426. 427. 428. 429. 430. 438. c. the Councel of Constantinople in the time of Iustinian pa. 487. 488. the CouÌ„cells were summoned by the Emperours pa. 341. the
Serapion b. of Antioch his vvorkâ— pa. 90. 103. Serapion was throwen from an high his necke broken pag. 115. Serapion an olde man receaued the eucharist of a boy pa. 119 â–ª Serapion Deacon of Constantinople pag. 362. Serapis an Heathen God pag. 238. 349. 350. Serenius Granianus a noble man wrote vnto the Emperour in the behalfe of the ChristiaÌ„s p. 61 Serenius was burned for the faith pa. 98. Serenus was beheaded for the faith pag. 98. Seuen Deacons pag. 19. Seuenty disciples pa. 15. 19. 517. 533. 534. c. Seuerus the hereticke of whome Seueriani pa. 74 Seuerus was Emperour after Pertinax pag. 94. he persecuted the church pa. 96. he raygned 18. yeares pa. 101. Seuerus the hereticall b. of Antioch had his tongue pulled out pa. 472. Siluanus b. of Emisa was torne of wilde beastes 153. 176. Siluanus b. of Gaza was beheaded pa. 153. Siluanus a tyran is executed pag. 278. Simeon Cleopas was b. of Ierusalem after Iames. pa. 45. 47. He was crucified beinge a hundred and twenty yeares olde pag. 53. 70. SimeoÌ„ dwelled in a pillour p. 419. 420. 436. 511 SimoÌ„ the soÌ„ne of Camithê° was an highpriest p. 14 Simon Magus was baptized of Philip. pag. 19. he came to Rome was there takeÌ„ for a God pa. 26. 27. read more of him in the Cronography Simoniani are called of Simon Magus pa. 70. Siricius b. of Rome pa. 38. Sisinius a Nouatian pa. 346. 375. 376. Sixtus a learned maÌ„wrote of the resurrectioÌ„ p. 94 Socrates b. of Laodicea pag. 142. Socrates Scholasticus history life pa. 213. 214 he was the scholler of Helladius page 349. where he led his life pag. 358. Socrates the Philosopher why he was condemned pag. 308. Sodome vvas ouerthrovven vvith fire and brimstone pa. 4. 42. Sodome hovve it lieth novve pag. 42. Solomon spake of Christ in the person of vvisedome pa. 4. Sonnes by nature and sonnes by the lavve pa. 10. Sophonias the Prophet and his life pa. 526. Sophronius b. of Pompeiopolls withstoode the Arians pag. 288. 289. Sosthenes one of the seuenty Disciples pa. 15. Soter b. of Rome pag. 70. 74. 83. Spiridion b. of Cyprus pa. 223. 234. Stephan one of the 7. Deacons was stoned to death pa. 19. 97. 519. Stephan b. of Rome pag. 125. Stephan b. of Laodicea pag. 144. Symachus b. of Ierusalem pag. 86. Symachus translated the old Testament He vvas an Ebionit pa. 105. Symachus a learned Senator of Rome 348. Synerus an hereticke pag. 86. Synesius b. of Cyrene pag. 420. Synods in Alexandria and Aegypt pag. 30. Synods at Antioch pag. 139. 140. 141. Synods looke Councells T. TAtianus a learned man page 68. he fell into heresie pag. 73. 74. Tatianus for the faith was broiled to death p. 307 Telesphorus was b. of Rome 11 yeares and dyed a martyr pag. 59. 62. 83. Tertulian a learned father is alleaged pa. 20. 35. 47. 54. 82. Thaddaeus one of the 70. Disciples was sente by Thomas the Apostle to cure Agbarus page 15. 16. 17. 19. Thalassiê° a noble maÌ„ is made b. of Caesarea p. 402 Thebulis fell to heresie because he was not made bishop pag. 70. Thecla a womaÌ„ was throweÌ„ to wild beasts p. 160 Thelymidres b. of Laodicea pag. 120. Themison a montanist pa. 88. 89. Theoctistus b. of Caesarea pag. 107. 110. 131. Theodorus b. of Aegypt was martyred pag. 153. Theodorus a confessor pa. 310. Theodorus was burned for the faith pa. 326. Theodoretus an historiographer pag. 411. 501. Theodosia a Christian virgine was drovvned in the seae pag. 164. Theodosius Magnus the Emperour pag. 342. his death pag. 359. Theodosius iunior the Emperour pag. 376. 377. his vertues pa. 388. 389. his death pa. 424. Theodosius b. of Synada a couetous maÌ„ pa. 377. TheodotioÌ„ translated the old Testament pa. 105 Theodotus a montanist pa. 81. his miserable end pag. 88. Theodotus a Tanner and an hereticke of Aâ—â—â—mons sect pa. 95. Theodotus a Phisicion b. of Laodicea pa. 144 Theodulus vvas crucified for the faith page 171. Theodulus for the faith vvas broiled to death pa. 307. Theognis b. of Nice vvas an Arian pa. 223. aftervvards he recanted pa. 224. 236. he fel againe to heresie pa. 243. Theônas b. of Alexandria pag. 144. Theônas b. of Marmarica was an ariaÌ„ p. 224. 227 Theophilus b. of Antioch p. 70. his workes p. 72. Thâ—philus b. of Caesarea in Palaestina pag. 92. Thâ—philus a confessor pa. 116. Thâ—philus b. of Alexandria pag. 361. Thâ—pompus an historiographer pag. 501. Thâ—phrastê° is highly esteemed of hereticks p. 95 Thâ—â—ecnus b. of Caesarea pag. 131. Thâ—â—ecnus Liuetenant of Antioch was an incâ—unter pag. 175. his execution pa. 183. Thâ—â—imus b. of Scythia woulde not condemne â—â—gens workes pag. 370. Thâ—â—as a Sorcerer called him selfe a Prophet wâ—â— beheaded pag. 26. Thoâ—â—as the Apostle pag. 15. 16. 17. 19. 36. 532. Thrâ—â—as a martyr pag. 90. 93. Tibeâ—â—â— the Emperour would haue Canonized Ieâ—â—s for a God he raigned 22. yeres pa. 20. 21 Tibeâ—â—s the 2 Emperour of that name pag. 496. Timoâ—us was beheaded for the faith pag. 160. Timoâ—e was the first b. of Ephesus pag. 37. Timoâ—eus b. of Gaza was burned pag. 160. Titus â—as the first b. of Creta pag. 37. Titus â—â—e sonne of Vespasian was made generall capâ—â—ine against the Iewes p. 37. he sighed wheÌ„ he saâ— the great slaughter of the Ievves p. 39. he pâ—â—eledged the books of Iosephus p. 45. he was â—mperour and raigned 2. yeares pag. 46. his enâ— â–ª pag. 469. Tobias tâ—e host of Thaddaeus in Edessa pag. 17. Tobias thâ— fift b. of Ierusalem pag. 59. Traâ—an wâ—â— Emperour after Nerua and raygned 19. yearâ—s pag. 47. 58. Tymaeus b. â—f Antioch pag. 142. Tyrannus b. â—f Antioch pag. 142. V. VAlens b of Ierusalem pag. 86. Valens DeacoÌ„ of Aelia was beheaded p. 169 Valens b. of Mursa was an Arian pag. 246. he recanted pag. 259. 272. Valens the Arian Emperour pa. 318. his end pa. 340. Valentina a ChristiaÌ„ maid vvas burned pag. 166 Valentinianus a godly man was fellowe Emperour with Valens pag. 318. 337. ValeÌ„tinianê° the elder was proclaimed Emperour pag. 3â—7 he was stiâ—led to death pag. 358. Valentinianus the yonger was made Emperour by Theodosius pa. 390. he was slaine pa. 432. Valentinus an hereticke pag. 62. 70. 74. Valerius Gratus President of ludaea pag. 14. Valerianus was Emperour after Gallus a persecutor pag. 128. his end pag. 469. Vegetius Epagathus a martyr pag. 76. Venus the heatheÌ„ goddesse had a teÌ„plein Aphacâ— pag. 239. Venus Idol was set vp on the sâ—pulchre of Christ pag. 237. Verus the Emperour succeeded Pâ—us He was a persecutor raigned 19. yeares pag. 64. 85. Vespasianus the Emperour pag. 37. 46. Victor b. of Rome pag. 92. 93. Vigilius b. of Rome pag. 487. Virgines vowing chastity pag. 29. Vitellius the Emperour and his end pap 469. Vlphilas b. of the Gotths translated the Scripturs into the Gotthicke tongue pag. 338. Vlpianus was wrapped in an oxe hide together with a doggâ—
heresy of Cerinthus The reuereÌ„t iudgement of Dionysius toutchinge the reuelatioÌ„ of Sainct Iohn Apocalip 22. Apocalip 1. 1. Iohn 1. Math. 16. Apocalip 1. Apocalip 22 Act. 13. The difference gathered first by the sense 2. By the words often repeated in both 3. No meÌ„tioÌ„ in ether of eache other 4. By the â—rase Iohn was both learned and eloqueÌ„t Cap. 26. after the greeke Cap. 27. after the greeke Dionysius b. of Rome Paulus Samosatenus b. of Antioch and an hereticke Cap. 28. after the Greeke Firmilianus Greg. Nazianz Athenodorus Elenus Nicomas Hymenaeus Theotecnus Maximus Dionysius b â–ª of Alex. dieth Anno Domini 267. Cap. 29. in the greeke Claudius was created emperour anno Dom. 271. Autelianus was crowned emperour Anno Dom. 273. vnder whome was raised the ninth persecution Cap. 30. after the greeke The byshops assembled at Antioch vnto Dionysius b. of Rome and maximus b. of Alexandria The subtleâ—y of the hereticke Samosetenus the hereticke is here painted in his colours 1. Timoth. 6. Such a proud preacher was Herod in the actes 12. * Paulê° Samosatenus was excommunicated by the councell and Domuns placed in his rowme * Aurelianus was not able to subscribe to an edict against the Christians Tacitus was emperour 6. moneths Florianus 80 â–ª daies althogh there is here no mention made of theÌ„ * Probus was crowned emperour Ann. Dom. 279. Carus began to raigne an Dom. 285. Diocletian was chosen emperour ann Do. 287. vnder whom the tenth persecution of the primitiue churchâ— was raysed against the churche of God Cap. 31. in the Greeke About the yeare 281. Euseb in chronic the hereticke Maneslyued Manes the hereticke chose 12. Apostles Cap. 32. in the Greeke Eutychianus b. of Rome Gaius b. of Rome Marcellinus b. of Rome Timaeus Cyrillus Dorotheus minister of Antioch afterwards b. of Tyrus Tyrannus Socrates Eusebius Anatolius b. of Laodicea The pollicie deuised by Anatolius Anatolius b. of Laodicea in his bookes of Easter Betwene the 10. 20. day In springe about the eyght kalends of Aprill In Autumne about the eyght kalendes of October Laâ—â—eus 2. Psalm 89. Churches ouerthrowen Scriptures burned Bishops persecuted Psal 107. An. Do. 306. the persecution vnder Diocletian waxed hotte wheÌ„ as these cruell edicts were euery where proclaimed Cap. 3. in the Greeke The pollicie of Satans messengers * Cap. 4. in the Greeke * DiocletiaÌ„ Maximian * Galerius Constantius Peter the emperours page after sundry tormeÌ„ts bruiled to death Dorotheus hanged Gorgonius was hanged Anthimê° b. of Nicomedia beheaded A certaine number beheaded A certaine companie burned A number drowned The deade dygged vp All prisons were filled with Christians Brute beastes spared such as meÌ„ would not spare The constancy of yong men Fiue Martyrs after sundry torments beheaded throwen into the seas Martyrs in Aegypt maymed racked scurged burned drowned beheaded hanged famished to death Martyrs in Thebais their skinnes rased schorched tyed by the on legge their heads downeward Hanged vpoÌ„ boughes 10. Martyrs 20. 30. 60. 100. Some burned Some beheaded Philoromus gouernour of AlexaÌ„dria beheaded â–ª Phileas b. of Thmuis beheaded Phileas b. of Thmuis writeth this epistle out of prison vnto his â—locke Philip. 2. 1. Ioh. 4. Deut. 4. Exod. 20. An whole city burned Audactus martyred Martyrs in Arabia Cappadocia Mesopotamia Alexandria Antioche Some dispatched them selues rather A matron of Antioch together with her 2. daughters drowned theÌ„ selfs rather then their bodies shoulde be abused of the tormentors The Ethnicks drowned 2. virgins of Antioch Martyrs in Pontus The Ethnicks pulled out the right eyes seared the empty place sawed of the left legge of the Christians seared their hames condemned theÌ„ to the myne pitts all this they counted a gracious pardon Anthymus â— of Nicome â—ia beheaâ—ed Lucianus a martyr Tyrannion b. of Tyrus was drowned at Antioch Zenobius of Sidon scourged to death Siluanus b. of Emisa torne of wild beastes Siluanus b. of Gaza beheaded 39 Beheaded Peleus and Nilus b. of Aegypt burned Pamphilus â–ª Peter b. of Alexandria As longe as the Emperours did not persecute the church so longe did theyr empire prosper * Anno Domini â–ª 307. Euseb Chronic Diocletian together with Maximian hauing raygned 20. yeares deposed themselues and liue â— a priuate life Constantiuâ— and Maximinus rule the Empire Constantiuâ— dieth at yoâ—â— in Englandâ— Anno Domini 310. Constátinuâ— magnus waâ— proclaimeâ— emperour Anno Domini 311. Cap. 14. after the greeke Maxentius the sonne of Maximinus a tyrante of Rome Flattery Cruelty Lecherie Tyrranny Extorcion Sorcery Inchauntement Famine cauled by Maxentius Cap. 15. in â—â—e Greeke Maximinus â—pocrisie Superstition Persecution â—…latrie â—…haunteâ—…t Oppression Prodigality Dâ—sikenesse Surfetinge Lechery The tyrant colde not ouercome the Christians A chast matron of Alexandria confounded the tyrant where fore she was exiled and her goods confiscated A matron of Rome slewe her selfe rather then MaxeÌ„tius should abuse her The cause of the worldes calamities was the persecution of the christiâ—s â–ª Cap. 16. in the Greeke * Anno Domini 320. Math. 18. Luk. 17. God plagued Maximinus the tyrante â—â—eng at Tarsus so that he was in a lameÌ„ table plight Cap. 17. after the Greeke The Edict of Maximinus in the behalf of the Christians â–ª the which his sickenesse coÌ„ strayned him to proclaime â— In steede of Constantinê° â—ome doread Constantius which I finde â—ot in the greeke 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Maximinus his practises * Cap. 14. Diocletian the Emperour pined wasted away with diseases vnto his end Maximinian â—he emperour hanged himselfe Maximinus â—ormented â—o death read â—ap 17. Constantius â—yed godly ConstaÌ„tinus Anno Domini 306. Procopius beheaded Alphaeus beheaded Zachaeus beheaded Romanus first had his tongue pulled out next tormented clapt â–ª in prison last of all in prison stifled to death Timotheus burned Agapius and Thecla thro wen to wilde beastes but not dispatched Six yong meÌ„ first imprisoned then beheaded Timolaus beheaded Dionysius beheaded Romulus beheaded Pausis beheaded 2. AlexaÌ„ders both beheaded Agapius beheaded Dionysius beheaded Apphianus Pagas of Lycia The cruell edict of Maximinus The godly and bolde enterprise of Apphianus Apphianus after often imprisoning after sundry horrible torments was throwen into the sea whose carcasse the water threwe vp and layde at the gates of Caesarea A cruell torment An Earthquake Vlpianus wrapped in an oxe hyde together with a dogge a snake is drowned in the sea Aedesius the brother of Apphianus the martyr is drowned in the sea Mat. 10. Mat. 27. In the 21. cap of this boke Agapius is sayd to haue bene beheaded at Caesarea here he is sayde to haue bene drowned so it might be first beheded theÌ„ drowned but there he sayth it was the 2. yere of the persecution here the 4. which can not be wherefore he must either be an other Agapius or â—lie the story lyeth Theodosia drowned Siluanus coÌ„deÌ„ned to the myne pitts with others 39. cap. 13. Domninus burned 3.