of K. Edwarde wherevppon feeling himselfe wounded hee sette spurres to the horse thinking to gallop away and so to get to his companie But being hurt to the death he fell from his horse so as one of his feete was fastened in the styrrop by reason whereof his horse drew him forth through woods and launds and the bloud whiche gushed out of the wounde shewed tokē of his death to such as followed him and the way to the place where the horse had left him Mat. VVest Fabian Simon Dun. VVil. Malm. That place hight Corphes gate or Corues gate His bodie being founde was buried without any solemne funeralles at Warham For they that enuyed that hee shoulde enioy the Crowne enuied also the buriall of his bodie within the Church but the memorie of his fame coulde not so secretely bee buried vp with the bodie as they imagined For sundrie myracles shewed at the place where his bodie was enterred made the same famous as diuerse haue reported for there was sight restored to the blind health to the sicke Myracles and hearing to the deafe which are easilyer to be tolde than beleeued Queene Alfride also woulde haue ridden to the place where he lay mooued with repentaunce as hath beene sayde but the horse wherevpon she rode woulde not come neare the graue for anye thing that could be done to him Neither by changing the sayde horse coulde the matter be holpen For euen the same thing happened to the other horses Herevpon the woman perceyued hir great offence towardes God for murthering the innocent and did so repent hir afterward for the same y t besides y e chastising of hir body in fasting and other kinde of penance shee employed all hir substance and patrimonie on the poore and in buylding and reparing of Churches and Monasteries Buylding of Abbayes in those dayes was thought to be a full satisfaction for all maner of sinnes Two houses of Nunnes shee founded as is sayde the one at Warwell the other at Ambresburie and finally professed hirselfe a Nunne in one of them that is to say at Warwell whiche house shee buylded as some affyrme in remembrance of hir first husbande that was slaine there by K Edgar for hir sake as before is mētioned The bodie of this Edwarde the seconde and surnamed the Martyr after that it had remayned three yeares at Warham where it was first buryed was remooued vnto Shaftesburie and with great reuerence buried there by the forenamed Alfer or Elfere Duke of Mercia who also did sore repent himselfe in that hee had beene agaynst the aduauncement of the sayde king Edward as yet haue hearde Elferus But yet did not he escape worthie punishment for within one yeare after he was eaten to death with Lite if the Historie he true King Edward came to his death after he had raigned three yeres or as other write three yeres and .viij. Polidor VVil. Mal. Monethes Whatsoeuer hath beene reported by writers of the murther committed in the person of this king Edwarde sure it is that if he were hast begotten as by wryters of no meane credit it should appeare he was in deede great occasion undoubtedly was giuen vnto Queene Alfred to seeke reuenge for the wrongful keeping backe of hir sonne Egelred frō his rightful succession to the crowne but whether that Edwarde was legitimate or not she might yet haue deuised some other lawful meane to haue come by hir purpose not so to haue procured the murther of the yong Prince in such vnlawfull maner For hir doing therein can neither be worthily allowed nor throughly excused although those that occasioned the mischiefe by aduauncing hir stepsonne to an other mans right deserued most blame in this matter Egelredus This Egelred or Etheldred was the .xxx. in number from Cerdicius the first King of the West Saxons through his negligente gouernment the state of the common wealth fell into such decay as wryters doe report that vnder him it may bee sayde howe the kingdome was come to the vttermost poynt or period of olde and feeble age For whereas whilest the Realme was deuided at the first by the Saxons into sundrie dominions it grew at length as it were increasing from youthfull yeares to one absolute Monarchie which passed vnder the late remembred Princes Egbert Adelstane Edgar and others so that in their dayes it might be said how it was growne to mans state but now vnder this Egelred through famine pestilence and warres the state thereof was so shaken turned vpside downe and weakened on eche parte that rightly might the season be likened vnto the olde broken yeares of mans life which through feeblenesse is not able to helpe it selfe Dunstan the Archbishop of Canterbury was thought to haue foreseene this thing and therfore refused to anoynt Egelred king whiche by the murther of his brother shoulde atteyne to the gouernment but at length he was compelled to it and so he sacred him at Kingston vpon Thames as the maner then was on the .xxiiij. day of Aprill assysted by Oswalde Archbishop of Yorke and ten other Bishops VVil. Mal. But as hath beene reported Dunstan then sayde that the English people shoulde suffer condigne punishment generally with losse of auncient liberties which before that tyme they had enioyed Dunstan also long before prophecied of the flouthfulnesse that should remaine in this Ethelred For at what time he ministred the sacrament of Baptisme vnto him shortly after he came into this world he defyled the Font with the ordure of his wombe as hath beene sayde wherevppon Dunstan beeing troubled in hys mynde By the Lorde sayth he and his blessed mother this child shall proue to be a slouthfull person It hath bene written also that when he was but tenne yeares of age and heard that his brother Edwarde was slaine he so offended his mother with weeping bycause she coulde not still him that hauing no rodde at hande shee tooke Tapers or Sizes that stoode before hir and bet him so sore with them that she had almost killed him whereby he coulde neuer after abyde to haue any such Candles lighted before him Polidor This Egelred as writers say was nothing giuen to warlike enterprises but was slouthfull a louer of ydlenesse and delyting in ryotous lustes which being knowne to all men caused him to be euill spoken of amongst his owne people and nothing feared amongst straungers Herevpon the Danes that exercised roauing on the Seas beganne to conceyue a boldenesse of courage to disquiet and molest the Sea coastes of the realme insomuche that in the seconde yeare of this Egelreds raigne Ran. Higd. 980 they came with seuen Shippes on the Englishe coastes of Kent and spoyled the Isle of Tennet the Towne of Southampton and in the yere following they destroyed S. Petrokes Abbay in Cornewall Sim. Dunel Porthlande in Deuonshire and dyuerse other places by the Sea syde specially in Deuonshire and Cornewall Ran. Higd. Also a great part of
the feast of Saincte Andrewe nexte ensuyng the late mencioned agreement Fabian And this shoulde seeme true for wheras these Authours whiche reporte Ran. Higd. that Earle Edryke was the procurer of his death they also write that when he knewe the acte to be done hee hasted vnto Cnute H. Hunt and declared vnto hym what he had brought to passe for his aduauncement to the gouernement of the whole realme Whervppon Cnute abhorryng suche a detestable facte sayde vnto hym Bycause thou haste for my sake made awaye the worthyest bodye of the world I shall rayse thy head aboue all the Lordes of Englande and so caused him to be put to death Thus haue some bookes Howbeit this reporte agreeth not with other writers whiche declare howe Cnute aduaunced Edryke in the beginning of his reigne vnto high honour and made hym gouernour of Mercia Some thinke that he vvas Dâ—…e of Mercia before and novv had Essex adioyned therto and vsed his counsell in manye things after the death of king Edmund as in banishing Edwin the brother of kyng Edmunde with his sonnes also Edmunde and Edward His body was buryed at Glastenbury neere his vncle king Edgar With thys Edmunde surnamed Ironsyde fell the glorious Maiestie of the English kingdome The whiche afterwarde as it had beene an aged bodye beyng sore decayed and weakened by the Danes that nowe got possession of the whole yet somewhat recouered after the space of .xxvj. yeres vnder kyng Edward surnamed the Confessor and shortely thervpon as it had bin falne into a resiluation came to extreme ruine by the inuasion and conquest of the Normans as after by gods good helpe and fauorable assistance it shall appeare Canute or Cnute Canute shortely after the death of king Edmunde assembled a Councell at London in the whiche he caused all the nobles of the realme to do vnto him homage in receiuing an othe of loyall obeysance Hee deuided the realme into foure parts assigning Northumberlande vnto the rule of Irke or Iricius Mercia vnto Edrike Eastangle vnto Turkyl reseruing the west part to his own gouernance He banished as before is sayd Edwyn the brother of king Edmunde but such as was suspected to bee culpable of Edmundes death he caused to be put to execution wherof it should appeare that Edrick was not then in any wyse detected or once thought to bee giltie VV. Malm. The foresayd Edwyn afterwards returned and was then reconciled to the Kings fauour as some do write and was shortly after trayterously slaine by his owne seruants Ran. Higd. He was called the king of Churles King of Churles VVil. Mal. Other write that he came secretely into the realme after he had bin banished and keeping himselfe closely out of sighte at length ended his lyfe and was buried at Tauestocke Moreouer Edwyn and Edwarde the sonnes of king Edmund were banished the lande and sent first vnto Sweno king of Norway to haue bin made awaye Ran. Higd. but Sweno vppon remorse of conscience sent them into Hungarie where they founde great fauour at the handes of king Salomon in so muche that Edmunde married the daughter of the same Salomon but had no issue by hir Edward was aduaunced to marry with Agatha the daughter of the Emperour Henrye and by hir had issue two sonnes Edmunde and Edgar surnamed Adelyng as many daughters Margarete and Christine of the whiche in place conuenient more shall be sayd When Kyng Cnute hadde established thynges as hee thoughte stoode moste to his suretie he called to remembrance that he had no issue but two bastarde sonnes Harrolde and Sweno Polidore K. Cnute marieth Queene Emme the vvidovv of Egelred in Iuly anno 1017. begotten of his concubine Alwyne Wherfore he sent ouer vnto Richarde Duke of Normandie requiring that he mighte haue Queene Emme the widow of king Egelred in mariage so obteyned hir not a little to the wonder of manye which thought a great ouersight both in the woman and in hir brother that woulde satisfye the requeste of Cnute herein considering hee hadde bin such a mortall enimie to hir former husbauÌ„d But Duke Richarde did not only consent Polidore that hys sayd sister should be maryed vnto Cnute but also he hymselfe tooke to wyfe the Lady Hestâ—â—tha syster to the sayd Cnute Heere ye haue to vnderstande that this mariage was not made without greate consideration and large couenants granted on the part of king Cnute for before he could obtain queene Emme to his wife it was fully condiscended and agreed that after Cnutes deceasse the crowne of Englande should remaine vnto the issue borne of this mariage betwixte hir and Cnute The couenant made at the mariage betvvixt Cnute and Emme whiche couenant although it was not perfourmed immediatly after the deceasse of kyng Cnute yet in the ende it tooke place so as the right seemed to bee deferred and not to be taken awaye nor abolished for immediatly vpon Haroldes death that had vsurped Hardicnute succeeded as right heire to the crown by force of the agreement made at the tyme of the mariage solemnised betwixt his father and mother and being once established in the Kingdome hee ordeyned his brother Edwarde to succede hym whereby the Danes were vtterly excluded from all ryghte that they hadde to pretende vnto the Crowne of this land and the Englishe bloud restored thereto The Englishe bloud restored The praise of Quene Emme for hir vvisedome chiefly by that gracious conclusion of this mariage betwixt king Cnute and Queene Emme for the which no small prayse was thoughte to bee due vnto the sayd Queene sith by hir politike gouernement in making hir matche so beneficiall to hir selfe and hir lyne the Crowne was thus recouered out of the handes of the Danes and restored againe in time to the right heire as by an auncient treatise whiche some haue intitled Encomium Emmae Encomium Emmae and was written in those dayes it doth and may appere Whiche booke although there bee but fewe Copies thereof abroade gyueth vndoubtedly greate light to the historie of that tyme. But nowe to our purpose Cnute the same yeare in whiche he was thus maryed Mat. VVest thorought perswasion of his wyfe Queene Emme sent away the Danishe nauie armie home into Denmark giuing to them fourscore and two thousande poundes of siluer whiche was leuied thoroughout this lande for their wages In the yeare a thousande and eighteene VVil. Mal. Edrycke de Streona Erle of Mercia was ouerthrowen in his owne turne for being called afore the King into his priuie chamber and there in reasoning the matter about some quarell that was piked to him hee beganne very presumptuously to vpbrayde the king of suche pleasures as he had before tyme done vnto him I did sayde he for the loue which I bare towardes you forsake my soueraigne Lorde king Edmunde and at length for your sake slewe him At whiche wordes Cnute beganne to change
gouerne the army in Britaine The Souldiers therefore in the same army repining to be gouerned by menne of base degree â—elius Lamâ—â—dius in respect of those that had borne rule ouer them before being honorable personages as Senators and of the consuler dignitie they fel at square among themselues and about fifteene huÌ„dred of them departed towardes Rome to exhibite their complaynte againste Perhennis for whatsoeuer was amisse the blame was still layd to him They passed foorthe withoute impeachmente at all and comming to Rome the Emperour himselfe came foorth to vnderstande what they meant by this their comming in suche sorte from the place where they were appoynted to serue Their aunswer was that they were come to informe him of the treason which Perhennis had deuised to his destruction that hee mighte make his sonne Emperoure To the whiche accusation when Commodus too lightly gaue eare and beleeued it to be true namely through the setting on of one Cleander who hated Perhennis for that he brid led hym from doyng dyuers vnlawfull actes which he went about vpon a wilfull minde without all reason or modestie to practise The matter was so handled in the ende that Perhennis was deliuered to the Souldiers who cruelly mangled him and presently put him to death Seuerus Thus farre out of the Englishe and Brittishe writers the whiche howe farre they vary from a likelyhood of troth yee shall heare what the y e approoued historiographers Greekes and Latines 〈◊〉 writing of these matters haue recorded The Emperour Seuerus receiuing aduertisement from the Lieutenant of Britayne that the people there moued Rebellion and wasted the countrey with roades forrayes so that it was needefull to haue the prince himselfe to come thither with a greate power to resist y e enimies he of an ambitious mind reioyced not a little for those newes bycause hee sawe occasion offered to aduaÌ„ce his renoume and fame with increase of new victories nowe in the West after so many triumphes purchased got by him in the East and North partes of the world Herevpon though he was of great age yet the desire that he had stil to winne honor caused him to take in hand to make a iourney into this land and so being furnished of al things necessary he set forwards being carried for the more part in a litter for his more ease for y t beside his feeblenesse of age he was also troubled with y e goute â—â—onius and 〈◊〉 He toke with him his two sonnes Antonius Bassianus and Geta vpon purpose as was thought to auoyde occasions of suche incoÌ„uenience as he perceyued might grow by discord moued betwixte theÌ„ through flatterers and malicious sycophants whiche soughte to set them at variance whiche to bring to passe he perceyued there should want no meane whilest they continued in Rome amid such pleasures and idle pastimes as were dayly there frequented and therfore he caused them to attend him in this iourney into Britayne that they mighte learne to liue soberly and after the manner of menne of warre â—â—e Emperor â—…erus arriâ—… in Briâ—…yâ—…ne Seuerus being thus on his iourney towardes Britayne stayed not by the way but with all diligence spedde him foorthe and passing the Sea very swiftly entred this Isle and assembled a mightie power togither meaning to assayle hys enimies and to pursue the warre againste them to the vttermost The Britaynes greatly amased with this sodayne arriuall of the Emperoure and hearing that such preparation was made against them sent Ambassadors to him to intreat of peace to excuse their rebellious doings But Seuerus delaying time for aunswere as he that was desirous to atchieue some high enterprise against the Britaines for the which he might deserue y e surname of Britannicus which he greatly coueted still was busie to prepare all thyngs necessary for the warre and namely caused a great number of bridges to bee made to lay ouer the bogges and marishes so that his souldiers might haue place to stand vppon and not to bee encoÌ„bred for lacke of firme grouÌ„d wheÌ„ they shuld cope with their enimies â—…erodianus for the more parte of Britaine in those dayes as Herodianus writeth was full of fennes and marres grounds by reason of the often flowings and washing of the sea tides by the whiche marres grounds the enimies being therto accustomed wold runne swimme in the waters â—…e meaneth the North â—…itaynes or â—…age Briâ—â—ynes as wee â—…y call them and wade vp to the middle at their pleasure going for the more parte naked so that they passed not on the mudde and myres for they knewe not the vse of wearing clothes but ware hoopes of Iron about their middles and neckes esteeming the same as an ornamente and token of riches as other barbarous people did golde Moreouer they marked or as it were paynted their bodies in diuers sortes and with sundry shapes and figures of beastes and foules therefore they vsed not to weare any garmentes that suche paynting of their bodyes mighte the more appearantly be seene which they estemed a great brauerie They were as the same Herodianus writeth a people giuen muche to the warre and delighted in slaughter and bloudshed vsing none other weapons or armure but a slender buckler a Iaueline The furniture of the sauage Britaynes and a sworde tyed to their naked bodyes for as for headpeece or Habergeon they esteemed not bicause they thought the same shuld be an hinderance to them when they should passe ouer any marres or be driuen to swimme anye waters or flee to the bogges Moreouer to suffer hunger colde and trauell they were so vsed and enured therwith that they would not passe to lie in the bogges and myres coueted vp to the chynne withoute caring for meate for the space of diuers dayes togither and in the wooddes they woulde liue vpon rootes and barkes of trees Also they vsed to prepare for theÌ„selues a certayne kynde of meate of the whiche if they receyued but so muche as amounted to the quantitie of a beane they would thinke them selues satisfyed and feele neyther hunger nor thirst The one halfe of the I le or little lesse was subiect vnto the Romaynes the other were gouerned of themselues the people for the most part hauing the rule in their handes Seuerus therefore meaning to subdue the whole and vnderstandyng theyr nature and the manner of their making warre prouided him selfe of all things expedient for the annoyance of them and help of his own souldiers and appointing his sonne Geta to remayne in that parte of the Isle which was subiect to the Romaynes he tooke with him his other sonne Antoninus and with his army marched foorthe and entred into the confynes of the enimies and there beganne to wast and forrey the countrey whereby there ensued diuers conflictes and skirmishes betwixte the Romaynes and the inhabitantes the victory still remayning with the Romaynes side but the enimies easily escaped withoute any greate losse vnto the
heerewith certaine writings indented were drawen and engrossed to the which interchangeably they set their seales After that the Earle of Careleill was returned home he called to Careleill all the chiefe persons of the countrey as well spirituall as temporall and there rather through feare than otherwise he constreyned them to receyue an othe that they shoulde ayde and assist him to their powers to see all the couenauntes abouesayde performed and kept After that these things were knowen to the King and Realm although some of the commâ—…altie liked wel inough of the matter bycause they hoped thereby to remayne in peace specially those of the North partes the King yet hys conâ—…ll and not without cause were sore offended for that he whom the King had so lately aduaunced shoulde confederate hymselfe with the Scottes to the priâ—…r of the King and hys Crowne concluding any couenauntes of peace without his consente wherevpon reputing hym for a ranke Traytor the K. 〈◊〉 vnto the 〈◊〉 Antony Lucy to apprehende the sayde Vâ—… some meanes if he might and for his paâ—… should not faile to be well rewarded 〈…〉 The Lord Lucy watching his tâ—…e 〈…〉 Earles men were gone some whither 〈◊〉 and but few left about him the morrow 〈◊〉 feast of S. Mathew the Apostle hee 〈◊〉 â—…stell of Careleil as it were to talke with the 〈◊〉 of some busines as his maner was at otherâ—… to doe He had with him sir Hugh Lowâ—… Richard DeÌ„ton sir Hugh Morâ—…by 〈◊〉 and four Esquires beside other priuily 〈◊〉 that leauing some at euery gate and dorâ—… 〈◊〉 entred hee came into the hall and there 〈◊〉 East â—…diting letters arrested him Hâ—… when certayne of the Earles seruauntes 〈◊〉 wife and cried treason treason the porter 〈◊〉 inner gate would haue shut it vppon theâ—… 〈◊〉 were thus entred but sir Richard Dâ—… 〈◊〉 that porter with his owne handes and thâ—… 〈◊〉 not one more slaine by them in y e appreheÌ„â—… of the Earle for all other his seruants yâ—… 〈◊〉 selues and the house vnto the saide Lorde â—…y withoute more resistance one of his sittâ—… yet that sawe these doings got away 〈◊〉 all speede ranne to the peele of Heyhead and â—…wed vnto the Earles brother Mighâ—… Huâ—… by what was chanced to the Earle 〈…〉 whâ—… 〈◊〉 the sayâ—… Mighell forthwith fledde into Scoâ—… and with him sir William Blount Knighâ—… 〈◊〉 Scottishman and diuers other that wiâ—… 〈◊〉 Earles priuie counsell The Lord Lucy 〈◊〉 wayes sent a messenger to y e King vnto 〈◊〉 aduertising him how he had taken the Earle 〈◊〉 therefore required to vnderstande fuâ—… of 〈◊〉 Kings pleasure The King forthwith 〈…〉 Lorde Geffrey Seroobe Iustice with a 〈◊〉 of armed men vnto Careleill the whiche 〈◊〉 thither on Saint Chaddes day and the 〈◊〉 after being the thirde of Marche hee set in â—…ment vpon the said Earle in y e Castell of Câ—…lâ—…ll and there as out of the Kings 〈◊〉 pronounced sentence againste him 〈…〉 flest that he should be disgraded of his 〈◊〉 by the taking away from him the sworde 〈◊〉 the King had gird him with and likewiâ—… Knighthood by cutting off his spurres stâ—… hys heeles and that after this hee shoulde bee 〈◊〉 from the Castell through the Citie vnto y e 〈◊〉 of execution where felons were accustomed of suffer and there to bee hanged The Eâ—… Caâ—… 〈◊〉 an after hâ—… 〈◊〉 his head to be sent vnto London there 〈◊〉 set aloft vppon one of the turreâ—…s of the Towne and his quartes to be deuided one to be set vp at Caâ—…all an other at New castell vpon Tyne the third at Bristow and the fourth at 〈◊〉 When he had heard this iudgement he 〈◊〉 you haue deuided my body at your pleasure and I committe my soule to God and being according to the iudgement drawen to the place where hee suffered â—…constancie 〈◊〉 death hee neuer shranke at the matter but boldly behaued himselfe declaring at the very houre of his deathe that his intention in concluding the agreement with the Scottes was good and proceeding not of any euill meaning but teÌ„ding onely to the wealthe and quietnesse of the Realme Neyther coulde such Friers as were permitted to come to him before his arreignemeÌ„t to heare his confessioÌ„ get any thing more of him but that his meaning was good and that whych he had concluded with the K. of Scots was not done vpon any euill purpose whereby any hurte mighte ensue eyther to the K. or to the Realme Thus haue wee thoughte good to shewe the cause of this Earles death as by some writers it hath bin registred â—…ian â—…ton although there bee that write that the ouerthrowe at Beighland chaunced thorough his fault by misleading a great part of the Kings host and ther therefore the King beeyng offended with him caused him to be put to death albeit as I thinke no suche matter was alledged against him at the time of his arreignement â—…dor About this season was y e fundation begun of S. Michaels colledge in Cambridge by one sir Henry Stanton knight ChaÌ„cellor of y e Escheker â—…eâ—…thwel â—…ssioâ—… meere to â—…e of peace About the feast of the Ascention there came as commissioners from the King of England vnto Newcastell Aymerie Earle of Pembroke and the Lord Chamberlain Hugh Spenser the yonger and other four personages of good accompte And from the King of Scottes there came y e B. of S. Andrewes Thomas Randolfe Earle of Murrey other four of good credite to treate of peace or at the leastwise of some long truce through y e good wil and plesure of God y e author of al peace and quietnesse they concluded vpon a truce â—…uce conâ—…ded to endure for thirtene yeres and so about y e feast of S. Barnabe the Apostle it was proclaymed in both Realmes but so yet that they might not traffike togither bycause of the excommunication wherewith the Scottes were as yet entangled although as some write about the same time the interdict wherein the Realme of Scotlande stoode bounde â—…idor â—…c Boetius was by Pope Iohn relessed About the same time The Lorde Mortimer breketh of out of the towes the L. Roger Mortiâ—…er of Wignor giuing his kepers a drink y e brought theÌ„ into a sound and heauie sleepe escaped out of the Tower of London where he was prisoner This escape of the L. Mortimer greatly troubled y e K. so y e immediately vpon the first newes he wrote to all the Sherifes of the Realm that if hee chanced to come within their roomthes they shuld cause hue crie to be reised so as hee mighte be staied and arrested but he made such shift that he gote ouer into France where he was receyued by a L. of Picardie named Mounsier Iohn de Fieules who had faire lands in England therfore the K. wrote to him reprouing him of vnthankfulnesse coÌ„sidering he had bin euer ready to pleasure him and to aduance his profites
what time he woulde needes set forward forcing the said Rust and the Marriners to hoist vp sailes and make waye They that escaped to land in that I le founde nothing there to relieue their miseries but bare ground so that diuers starued through cold waÌ„ting fier and other succour the residue that were lustie and wise withall ranne vp and downe and sometime wrastling and otherwise chasing theÌ„selues remayned there in greate miserie from the Thursday till Sunday at noone next ensuing At what time when the Sea was appeased and waxen calme the Irishmen that dwelled ouer against this I le on the maine came and fetched them thence and relieued them the best they coulde being almost dead through trauell hunger and colde The saide Sir Iohn Arundell lost not onely his life The excesse and sâ—…mptuous apparell of sir Iohn Arundell but all his furniture and apparell for hys body which was very sumptuous so that it was thought to surmount the apparell of any King For he had two and fiftie new sutes of apparell of cloth of golde or Tissewe as was reported all the which togither with his horses and geldings amounting to y e valew of ten thousand markes was lost in the Sea There were drowned aboue a thousand men in one place and other as the additions to Meâ—…mouth 〈◊〉 testifie And besides this there were lost the same time a fyue and twentie Shippes with menne Horses and other riches whiche attended him in that voyage Sir Thomas Percy yet and sir Hugh Caluerley with Sir William Elmham and certayne others escaped but cruelly tormented with vnmercifull tempest and before Sir Thomas Percy could get to land after the Sea was quieted hee was assaulted by a Spanyards against whom he so defeÌ„ded hymself y t in the end he toke the Spanish vessel brought hir with all that he found aboorde in hir vnto the nexte shore and solde the same for an hundred poundes and without long delay tooke the Sea and passed ouer to Brest of whiche fortresse hee was Captaine ioyntly with Sir Hugh Caluerley and therefore doubting least some incoÌ„uenience mighte thereto nowe in both their absence chaunce hee made the more hast not taking rest till hee came thither notwithstanding his passed paynefull trauells Sir Hugh Caluerley was neuer in his lyfe in more daunger of deathe than at that time for all that were in his Shippe as Froyssarte writeth were drowned except hymselfe and seauen marriners We fynde that there were drowned in one place and other aboue a thousand English men in that vnlucky voyage Some writers impute this calamitie to lyghte on the saide Sir Iohn Arundell and his company for the lasciuious and filthy rule whiche they kept before their setting foorthe in places where they laye till theyr prouision was ready and not contented with that whiche they did before they tooke Shippe in rauishing mens wiues Outragious wickednesse iustly punished maydes and daughters they caried them aboord that they might haue the vse of them whilest they were on the Sea and yet when the tempest rose like cruell and vnmercifull persons they threw them into the Sea eyther for that they woulde not bee troubled with their lamentable noyse and crying or for that they thought so long as they had such women aboorde with them whom they had abused so long God would not ceasse the rage of the tempest But it shoulde appeare this tempest was generall for where the Spanish and Frenche fleetes were abroade the same time being assembled togither to annoy the coastes of this lande theyr Shippes were likewise tossed and turmâ—…yled so as no smal number of them were lost in somuch that the domage which they susteyned was thought farre to passe that which happened to y e english nauie Thys yeare about Christmas Sir William de Montacute Earle of Salisburie 1380 after he had remayned a twelue monethes space at Calaice the Kyngs Lieutenante there was called home and Sir Iohn Deueroux Sir Iohn Deueroux made deputie of Calais a ryghte valiaunte Knighte and an olde man of warre was sente thither in his place Also Sir Iohn Harleston was called home from Chierburgh and sir William Windeshore a noble Knight was sent thither to be Captaine of that fortresse After the Epiphanie was a Parliament called at London whiche continued till the begynning of the Calendes of Marche Whereas the yeare before there had bene certaine Byshoppes Earles Barons and Iustices appointed to haue y e gouernemeÌ„t and ruâ—…e about the Kyng now at the request of the Lordes and commons in this Parliament assembled y e Lord Thomas Beauchampe Erle of Warwike The Earle of Warwike elected protector was chosen to remayne continually with the Kyng as chief gouernour both of his person and to giue aunswere to all straungers that should come hyther about any businesse whatsoeuer and further to haue the rule and order of all things in lieu of those that were chosen thereto before it was perceyued that they had sought to enrich theÌ„selues had done little to the aduancemeÌ„t of the kings honor or state of the common wealth but rather emptied the Kings cofers In this Parliamente also the Lord Richarde Scrope gaue ouer the office of Chancellor and Simon Sudbury Archbyshop of Caunteâ—… tooke it vpon him The Archbishop of Caâ—…â—…ry 〈…〉 Chauncellour In this Parliament was graunted a teâ—… the Cleargie and a fiftenth by the laytie with â—…dition that from henceforth to witte from y e â—…lends of Marche vnto the feast of Saint Michaell which then shoulde be in the yeare .1381 there shoulde be no more Parliamentes but thys condition was not performed as after it appeared The Princesse that was mother to the bride was greatly against the marriage but the bryde hir selfe had suche a liking to the Earle that the King was contented that they should match togither and set him free of his raunsome whyche he should haue paide for that hee hadde bin taken prisoner in the marches of Caleis and further gaue with his sister by way of endowmente the Towneship and manor of Byfleete A combat betwixt sir Iohn Ansleye and Thomas Katrington The seuenth of Iune a combate was foughte before the Kings palace at Westminster on the pauement there betwixte one sir Iohn Annesley knight and one Thomas Katrington Esquier The occasion of this straunge and notable triall rose hereof The knight accused the Esquier of treason for that where the fortresse of Sainte Sauiour within the Isle of CoÌ„stantine in Normandie belonging sometime to Sir Iohn ChaÌ„dos had bin committed to the said Katrington as Captayne thereof to keepe it againste the enimies he hadde for money solde and deliuered it ouer to the Frenchmen where he was sufficiently prouided of men munition and vittayles to haue defended it against them And sith the inheritaunce of that fortresse and landâ—…s 〈◊〉 thereto had apperteyned to the saide Annesley in righte of his wife as neerest cousin by â—…itie vnto
was no more weary of harnesse than of a lyght cloake Hunger and thirste were not to him noysome He was neuer afearde of a wounde nor sorrowed for the pain He neyther tourned his nose from euill fauour nor from smoake or dull hee woulde not close his eyes No man coulde be founde more temperate in eatyng and drynkyng whose dyed was not to delicate but rather more meete for menne of warte than for dayntie and deâ—…e persons Euery honest person was permitted to come to him sitting at his meale and eyther secretely or openly to declare his mynde and intente Highe and weyghtie caused as well betwene men of wee other he wold gladly heâ—… and either determined them himself or coÌ„maâ—…d them to other to giue sentence â–ª he slept very little and that onely by reason of bodily labor and vnquietnesse of minde from the which no small noise coulde awake him in so muche that when his souldiors either song in the nightes or theyr mynstrels played that the campe sounded therwith he then slept most soundly his corage was inuincible and his heart so vnmutable that fear was banished from him If any alarum chaunced to be raised by his enimies he was first in armure and the first that was set forward In the time of warre he found meanes to get knowlege not only what his enimies didde but what they said and intended so that al things to him were knowne and of his deuices fewe persons before the thing was at the poynt to be done should be made priuie He had such knowledge in ordring and guiding an armie and such a gift to encourage his people that the FrenchmeÌ„ sayd he could not be vanquished in battayle He had such wit suche prudence and suche policie that he neuer enterprised anye thyng before he had fully debated it and foreseene all the mayne chaunces that mighte happen and when the ende was once concluded hee wyth all diligence and courage sette hys purpose forewarde What pollicie he hadde in fyndyng sodayne remedies for presente myschieues and what practise hee vsed in sauyng him selfe and his people in sodayne distresses excepte by hys actes they dyd playnely appeare I thinke it were a thyng almost incredible to be tolde Meruayle it is to heare howe he didde continually absteyne hymselfe from lasciuious lyuing and blynde auarice in suche estate of wealth richesse and prouoking youth yea in the tyme of losse he was no more sadde than in the time of victorie whiche constancie fewe menne can vse What shoulde I speak of his boimtyfulnesse and liberalitie No maÌ„ could be more free gentle and liberall in bestowyng rewardes to all persons according to their deserâ—…s saying that he neuer desyred money to kepe but to giue and spend What shuld I say he was the blasing comete and apparant lanterne in his days He was the myrroure of Christendome and the glorye of his countrey the floure of kings passed and the glasse of them that shoulde succeede No prince had lesse of his subiectes no kyng conquered more whose fame by hys deathe liuely florished as his acts in his life were seene and remembred The losse of such a prince ye may be sure was exceedingly lamented of his subiects blaming fortune whiche had taken away so precious a Iewell so noble ornament and sure defeÌ„ce for no doubt as much hope as was taken away from the englishmeÌ„ for the getting of Fraunce by his sodain deathe so much trust was encreassed in the stomackes of the Frenche nation to recouer their late losses Peter Basset esquier whiche at the time of his death was his chaÌ„berlain affirmeth that he died of a pleuresie though other writers alledge otherwise as the Scots whiche write that hee died of the disease of saint Fiacre which is a palsey and a crampe Enguerant saith that he died of saint Anthonies fier but bycause a pleuresie was so rare a sicknesse in that season and so strange a disease that the name was to the most parte of men vnknowen and phisitions were acquainted as little with any remedy for the same and therfore euery man iudged as he thought and named a sicknesse that bee knewe shooting not nere the prick nor vnderstandyng the nature of the disease This king reigned .ix. yeres .v. moneths and .xxiij. daies and liued not full .38 yeares He vvas of an indifferent stâ—…ture nâ—…er to high nâ—…â—…o lovv of bodye slender and leane but of a maruelouâ—…e strength as Titus â—…uins vvriteth He was of stature higher than the common sort of body leane well meÌ„bred strongly made of face beautiful somwhat long necked blacke heared stoute of stomacke eloquent of tong in martiall affaires a perfect maister of chiualry the very paragone His body was embalmed and closed in lead layd in a chariot royall richly apparelled with cloth of gold vpon his corps was laid a representation of his person adorned with robes diademe scepter ball lyke a king the whiche chariot .vi. horses drewe richly trapped with seuerall armes the first with the armes of saint George the second with the armes of Normandy the thirde with the armes of king Arthur the fourth with the armes of saint Edwarde the fifte with the armes of Fraunce and the sixte with the armes of Englande and FraÌ„ce On this chariot gaue attendaunce Iames king of Scots the principall mourner his vncle Thomas duke of Exceter Richarde earle of Warwicke the erle of Marche Edmund the earle of Stafforde HuÌ„frey the earle of Mortaigne Edmunde Beaufort the lord Fitz Hughe Henry the lorde HuÌ„gerford Walter sir Lewes Robsert L. Bourchier sir Iohn Cornwall lord Fanhope and the lord Crumwell were the other mourners The lord Louell the lord Audeley the lord Morley the lord Sowche bare the baner of saints 〈◊〉 the baron of Dudley barethe standerâ—… and the earle of Longuile bare the banâ—… The baâ—…mentes were borne onely by Captaines to the number of .xij. and rouÌ„d about the chariot roâ—…e v. C. meÌ„ of armes all in black armour and their horses barded blacke with the but ends of their speares vpwards The conduit of this dolorous funeralles was coÌ„mitted to sir William Phillip Threasourer of the kings houshold and to sir Wiliam Porter his chief caruer and other Beside this on euery side of the chariot wente iij. C. persons holding long torches and lords bearing baners baneroles and penons With this funerall pompe he was conueied froÌ„ Bais de VinceÌ„nes to Paris and so to Roan to Abuile to Calais to Douer and so through LondoÌ„ to Westminster where he was buried with suche solemne ceremonies suche mourning of lordes such prayer of priestes such lamenting of coÌ„mons as neuer was before those days sene in the Realme of England Shortly after this solempne buriall his sorowfull Queene returned into England and kepte hir estate with the king hir yong son Thus ended this puissaunte Prince hys moste noble and fortunate raigne whose life saith Hall althoughe cruell Atropos abbreuiated yet neyther fyre rust nor fretting
maintenance of themselues and their posteritie for euermore To be short therefore after the Gyantes and great Princes or mightie men of the world had conspired and slaine the aforesayd Osyris Hercules his sonne surnamed Libius in the reuenge of his fathers death proclaymed open warres agaynst them all and going from place to place he ceased not to spoyle their kingdomes and therewithall to kill them that fell into his handes Finally hauing among other ouercome the Lomnimi or Geriones in Spayne Lomnimi Geriones and vnderstanding that Lestrigo his sonnes did yet remayne in Italie he directed his voyage into those parts and taking the kingdome of the Celtes in his waye he remayned for a season with Lucus the king of that Countrie where he also maried his daughter Galathea Galathea and beg at a sonne by hir calling him after his moothers name Galates Galates of whome in my Chronologie I haue spoken more at large In the meane time Albion vnderstanding howe Hercules intended to make warres agaynst his brother Lestrigo he thought it good to stop him that tyde and therefore sending for hys brother Bergion Bergion out of the Orchades where he also reygned as supreme Lorde and gouernour they ioyned their powers Pomponius Laetus sayled ouer into Fraunce Being arriued there it was not long ere they met with Hercules and his armie neare vnto the mouth of the riuer called Rhodanus where happened a cruell conflicte betwéene them in which Hercules and hys men were lyke to haue lost the daye for that they were in maner weryed with loÌ„g warres and their munition sore wasted in the last voiage that he had made for Spaine Herevppon Hercules perceyuing the courages of his souldiours somewhat to abate séeing the want of munition likely to be the cause of his fatall day and present ouerthrowe at hande it came sodenly into his mynde to will eche of them to defende himselfe by throwing of stones at hys enimie wherof there lay great store then scattered in the place The policie was no sooner published than put in execution whereby they so preuayled in th ende that Hercules wan the fielde their enemies were put to flight and Albion and his brother both slayne Albion slayne and buried in that plot Thus was Britaine ridde of a tyrant Lucus king of the Celtes deliuered froÌ„ an vsurper that daily incroched vpon him also euen in his owne kingdome on that side and Lestrigo greatly weakened by the slaughter of his brethren Of this inuention of Hercules in lyke sort it commeth that Iupiter father vnto Hercules who in déede was none other but Osyris is feygned to throw downe stones from heauen vpon Albion and Bergion It rayned â—…ones in the defence of Hercules his son which came so thick vpon them as if great drops of raine or hayle should haue descended from aboue no man well knowing which waye to turne him from their violence they came so fast and with so great a strength But to go forwarde albeit that Albion and his power were thus discomfited and slayne yet the name that he gaue vnto thys Islande dyed not but still remained vnto the time of Brute who arriuing here in the 1127 before Christ and 2840. after the creation not onely chaunged it into Britayne after it had bene called Albion by the space of 595. yeares but to declare his souereigntie ouer the reast of the Islandes also that are about the same he called them all after the same maner so that Albion was sayde in tyme to be Britanniarum insula maxima that is the greatest of those Isles that bare the name of Britayne It is altogither impertinent to discusse whether Hercules came into thys Islande after the death of Albion Hercules â—…n Britayne or not althoughe that by an auncient monument séene of late and the Cape of Hartland in the West countrie Promontorium Herculis called Promontorium Herculis in olde tyme diuers of our Brytishe wryters doe gather great likelyhoode that he shoulde also be here But syth hys presence or absence maketh nothing wyth the alteration of the name of this our Region and Countrie I passe it ouer as not incident to my purpose Neyther will I spend any time in the determination â—…o Marius Niger coÌ„ment de Britannia Cap. 2. whether Brittayne hath bene sometyme a percell of the mayne althoughe it shoulde well séeme so to haue bene bycause that before the generall floudde of Noah we doe â—…t â—…eade of Islandes As for the spéedie and timely inhabitation thereof this is myne opinion that it was inhabited shortly after the diuision of the earth For I reade that when ech Captayne and his company had their portions assigned vnto them by Noah in the partition that he made of the whole earth among hys posteritie Theophilus Antiothenus ad Antolicum they neuer ceased to trauayle and search out the vtter most boundes of the same vntill they founde out their parts allotted and had séene and vewed the limites thereof euen vnto the very pooles It shall suffice therefore only to haue touched these things in this manner a farre of and in returning to our purpose to procéede with the reast concerning the denomination of our Island which was knowen vnto most of the Gréekes for a long time by none other name than Albion and to say the truth euen vnto Alexanders daies notwithstanding that Brute as I haue sayde had chaunged the same into Britayne manye hundred yeares before After Brutus I doe not find that any man attempted to chaunge it agayne vntill the tyme that one Valentinus a rebell Valentia in the dayes of Valentinianus and Valens endeuored to reygne there In supplemento Eusebij lib 28. and therevppon as Ierome sayth procured it to be called Valentia The lyke also dyd Theodosius in the remembraunce of the two aforesayde Emperours as Marcellinus saith but as neyther of these tooke anye holde among the common sort so it retayned stil the name of Britaine vntill the reygne of Echert who about the 800. yeare of grace gaue forth an especiall Edict dated at Wynchester that it shoulde be called Angles land or Angellandt AngellaÌ„dt or Angles land for which in our time we doe pronounce it England And this is all right Honourable that I haue to say touching the seuerall names of this Islande vtterly mislyking in the meane season their deuises which make Hengist the only parent of the later denomination wheras Echert bicause his auncestours descended from the Angles one of the seauen Nations that came wyth the Saxons into Britayne for they were not all of one but of diuers countries as Angles Saxons Germaynes Only Saxons arriued here at the first with Hengist Switchers Norwegiens c. and all comprehended vnder y e name of Saxons bicause of Hengist the Saxon his coÌ„pany that first aryued here before any of the other and therto hauing now the monarchie prehemineÌ„ce in
in remembraunce of olde Troye from whence hys auncesters procéeded for which the Romaines pronounced afterward Trinobantum although the Welchmen doe call it still Trenewith This city was builded as some write much about the tenth yeare of his raigne so y t he lyued not aboue 15. yeares after he had finished y e same But of y e rest of hys other actes attempted and done before or after the erection of this city I finde no certayne report more then that when he had raigned in this Island after his arriuall by the space of 24. yeares he finished his dayes at Trenouanton aforesayde beyng in hys young and florishyng age where at his carcase was honorably interred As for the maner of hys death I finde as yet no mention therof among such writers as are extant I meane whether it grew vnto him by defect of nature or force of grieuous woundes receyued in hys warres agaynst such as withstood him from tyme to tyme in this Islande and therefore I can say nothing of that matter Herein onely all agrée that duryng the tyme of his languishing paynes he made a disposition of his whole kyngdome deuiding it into thrée partes or portions according to the nuÌ„ber of his sonnes then liuing whereof the oldest excéeded not 28. yeres of age as my coniecture gaueth me Locrine To the eldest therefore whose name was Locrine he gaue the greatest and best Region of all the rest Loegria whiche of hym to this day is called Lhoegres among the Britons but in our language Englande of such English Saxons as made conquest of the same This portioÌ„ also is included on the south with the Brittish sea on the east wyth the Germaine Ocean on the north wyth the Humber and on the west with the Irish sea and the riuers Dée and Sauerne wherof in the general description of this Island I haue spoken more at large To Camber his secoÌ„d sonne Camber Cambria he assigned all that lyeth beyonde the Sauerne and Dée towarde the west whiche parcel in these dayes conteineth Southwales and Northwales with sondry Islandes adiacent to the same the whole beyng in maner cut of and seperated from England or Loegria by the said streames wherby it séemeth almost Pemusula or a bye land if you respect the small hilly portion of ground that lyeth indifferently betwene their maine courses or such branches at the least as run and fall into them The Welchmen or Brytons call it by the auncient name still vnto this day but we Englishmen terme it Wales which denomination we haue from the Saxons who in time past did vse the word Walshe in such sort as we do straunge for as we cal all those straungers that are not of our nation so dyd they name them Walshe which were not of their countrey The third and last part of the Island he allotted vnto Albanacte hys youngest sonne for he had but thrée in all Albanact as I haue sayd before whose portion séemed for circuite to be more large then that of Camber and in maner equall in greatnesse wyth the dominions of Locrinus But if you haue regard to the seuerall commodities that are to be reaped by eche you shal find them to be not much discrepaunt or differing one from another for what so euer the first and second haue in plenty of corne fine grasse and large cattell This latter wanteth not in excéedyng store of fishe rich mettall quarries of stone and aboundaunce of wylde foule so that in myne opinion there coulde not be a more equall particion then this made by Brute and after the aforesayd maner This later parcel at the first toke the name of Albanactus who called it Albania But now a small portion onely of the Region beyng vnder the regiment of a Duke reteyneth the sayd denomination the reast beyng called Scotlande of certayne Scottes that came ouer from Ireland to inhabite in those quarters It is deuided from Loegres also by the Humber 〈◊〉 so that Albania as Brute left it conteyned all the north part of the Island that is to be fouÌ„d beyond the aforesayd streame vnto the point of Cathenesse To conclude Brute hauyng deuided hys kingdome after this maner and therin conteniyng himselfe as it were wyth the general title of the whole it was not loÌ„g after ere he ended his life and being solemnly interred at his new city by his thrée children they parted eche from other and tooke possession of their prouinces But Scotland after two yeres fell agayn into the handes of Locrinus as to the chiefe Lord by the death of his brother Albanact Locriâ—… king â—… of Scâ—â—land who was slayne by Humber kyng of the SeithieÌ„s and left none issue behynde hym to succéede hym in that kyngdome That notwithstanding the former diuision made by Brute vnto his children the souereigntie of the whole Islande remained still to the prince of Lhoegres and his posteritie after him Chap. xvj IT is possible that some of the Scottish nation reading the former chapter will take offence with me for meaning y t the principalitie of the North partes of this Isle hath alwayes belonged to the kinges of Lhoegres The Scotâ—… alwayâ—… desinrâ—… to 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 subiâ—â— haue oâ—…ten 〈◊〉 cruell 〈◊〉 odious temptaâ—… to be 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 For whose more ample satisfaction in this behalfe I will here set downe therfore a discourse therof at large written by diuers and nowe finally brought into one Treatise sufficient as I thinke to satisfie the reasonable although not halfe ynough peraduenture to content a wrangling minde sith there is or at the least wyse hath béene nothing more odious amoÌ„g some then to heare that the king of England hath oughtes to doe in Scotland How their Historiographers haue attempted to shape a couloured excuse to auoyde so manifest a tytle all men maye sée that reade their bookes indifferently whereunto I doe referre them For my part there is little or nothing of myne herein more then onely the collection of a number of fragmentes togither wherein chiefly I haue vsed the helpe of Nicholas Adams who wrate thereof of set purpose to king Edward the sixt as Leland dyd the lyke to king Henry the eyght Iohn Harding vnto Edwarde the fourth beside thrée other whereof the first dedicated hys Treatise to Henry the fourth the seconde to Edwarde the thirde and the thirde to Edwarde the first as their writinges yet extant doe abundâ—…ntly beare witnesse The tytle also that Lelande giueth his booke which I haue had written with his owne hands beginneth in this maner These remembraunces following are found in Chronicles authorized remaining in diuers nonasteries both in Englande and Scotlande by which it is euidently knowen shewed that the kinges of England haue had and nowe ought to haue the souereignetie ouer Scotlande wyth the homage and fealtie of the kings their reigning from time to time Herevnto you haue heard already what diuisioÌ„ Brute made of this Islande not
long before his death wherof eche of his childreÌ„ so sone as he was enterred toke seisure and possession Howbeit after two yeres it happened that Albanact was slayne wherevpon Locrinus and Camber raysed their powers reuenged his death and finally the sayde Loctinus made an entraunce vpoÌ„ Albania seyzed it into his owne handes as excheated wholly vnto himselfe without yéelding any part therof vnto his brother Camber who made no clayme nor title vnto any portion of the same Herby then sayth Adams it euidently appeareth that the entier seigniorie ouer Albania consisted in Locrinus according to which example lykeland among brethren euer since hath continued in preferring the eldest brother to the onely benefite of the collaterall assencion from the youngest asswell in Scotlande as in England vnto this daye Ebranke the lineall heire from the bodie of this Locrine that is to say the sonne of Mempris sonne of Madan sonne of the same Locrine buylded in Albania the castle of Maydens nowe called Edenbrough and the Castle of Alcluith or Alclude now called Dunbriton as the Scottish Hector Boethius confesseth wherby it most euidently appeareth that our Ebranke was then thereof seased This Ebranke reigned in the 〈…〉 ouer theÌ„ a long time after whose death Albania as annexed to the empire of the Britaine descended to the onely king of Britons vntill the discent to the two sisters sonnes Mâ—â—gan and Conedage lineall heires from the sayde Ebranke who brotherly vpoÌ„ the first example deuided y e realme MorgaÌ„ had Lhoegrâ—â— and Conedage haâ—… Albanâ—â— but shortly after Morgan the elder brother pondeâ—â—â—g in hys hed the loue to his brother with the loue to a kingdome excluded nature gaue place to ambition and therupoÌ„ denouncing warre death miserably ended hys life as the rewarde of his vntruth wherby Conedage obtayned the whole Empire of all Britaine in which state he remayned during his naturall lyfe From him the same lineally descended to the onelye king of Britons vntill after the reigne of Gorbodian who had issue two sons Ferres and Porres This Porres requyring lyke diuision of the lande affirming the forâ—…er particions to be rather of lawe then fauour was by the handes of his elder brother both of his lyfe and hoped kingdome bereued at once whereupon their vnnaturall mother vsing hir natural malice for the deth of hir one sonne without regard of the lossing of both miserably slew the other Cloten by all writers aswell Scottishe as other was the next inheritour to the whole Empire but lacking power the only meane in those dayes to obtayne right he was contented to deuide the same among thrée of his kinsmen so that Scater had Albania But after the death this Cloten his sonne Dunnallo Mulmutius made warâ—…e vpon these thrée Kinges and at last ouercame them and so recouered the whole dominion in token of which victorie he caused himselfe to be crowned with a crowne of gold the very first that was worne among the kinges of this nation This Dunuallo erected temples wherein the people shoulde assemble for Prayer to which temples he gaue benefite of Sanctuarie he made the 〈◊〉 for wager of battaile in cases of murder and â—â—lonte whereby a théefe that lyued and made his art of â—…ighting shoulde for his purgation fight wyth the true man which he had robbed but he beléeued that the Goddes for then they supposed many would by myracle assigne victorie to the innocent partie The priuileges of which first sawe benefite of the latter aswell in Scotlande as in Englande be midyed to this day few causes by late positiue lawes among vs excepted wherein the benefite of wager of battaâ—…le is expelled â—… by which obedience to hys lawes it doth manifestly appeare that thys Dunuallo was then seased of Albania nowe called Scotland This Dunuallo reigned in thys estate ouer them many yeares Beline Brenne the sonnes of this Dunuallo dyd after theyr fathers death fauourably deuide the land betwéene them so that Beline had Logres and Brenne had Albania but for that this Brenne a subiect without the consent of his elder brother and Lord aduentured to marry with the daughter of the king of Denmarke Beline seased Albania into his owne handes and thereuppon caused the notable wayes priuileged by Dunuallons Lawes to be newly wrought by mens handes which for the length was from the furder part of Cornewall vnto the the sea by North Cathnes in Scotland for religion in those daies he coÌ„stituted ministers called Archeflamines in their functions most like the aucthoritie of Bishoppes at this daye the one of which remained at Ebranke now called Yorke and whose power exteÌ„ded to y e vttermost bondes of Albany wherby lykewyse appeareth that it was then within his dominion After his death the whole Isle was enioyed by the onlye kings of Britaine vntill the tyme of Vigenius and Perydurus lineall heires from the sayde Belyne who fauourably made particion so that Vigenius had all the land from Humber south and Perydurus from thence North all Albania This Vigenius died and Perydurus suruiued and thereby obtayned the whole from whome the same quietly discended and was by his posteritie accordingly enioyed vnto the reigne of king Coell of that name the first In hys tyme an obscure nation by most writers supposed Scithians passed by seas from Irelande and arriued in that part of Britaine called Albania against whome this Coell assembled his power and being entred Albania to expell theÌ„ one Fergus in the night disguised entered the tent of this Coell and in his bed traiterously slew him This Fergus was therefore in reward of such vertue made there King whereupon they sat downe in that part with their wiues and children and called it Scotlande and themselues Scottes from the beginning of the worlde After the Scottishe accompt foure thousande and sixe hundred and seuentéene yeares which by iust computacion and confession of all their owne wryters is sixe hundred yeares lacking tenne after that Brutus had reigned ouer y e whole Island the same land being enioyed by him and his posteritie before their comming during two and fiftie discentes of the kinges of Britaine Certes this intrusion into a land so many hundred yeares before inhabited and by so many disceÌ„ts of kings quietly enioyed is the best tytle that all their owne writers alledge for them This Fergus hereupoÌ„ immediately did deuyde Albania also amoÌ„g his Capitaines and their people whereby it most euidently appeareth that there were no people of that nation inhabiting there before in proofe wherof the same particion shall followe The landes of Cathnes lying against Orknay 〈…〉 betwéene Dummesbey and the Water of Thane was giuen vnto one Cornath a capitaine and his people The landes betwéene the Water of Thane and Nes nowe called Rosse lying in bredth from Cromart to the mouth of the water of Lochte were giuen to Lutorke another Capitaine and his people The landes betwéene Spay and Nes from the Almaine seas to the Ireland
or as Pausanias hath Scea was matched with Archandrus Anenome with Neptunus Equestris on whome he begate Nauplius â—â—inus But nowe to returne vnto Lynceus whome his wyfe Hipermnestra preserued as before ye haue herd after he was once got out of the reach and daunger of his father in law king Danaus he gaue knowledge thereof to his wyfe in raysing a fyre on heyghte beaconwyse â—…usanias accordingly as shee hadde requested him to doe at hys departure from hir and this was at a place which afterwardes tooke name of him and was called Lyncea Vpon his returne into Egypt he gaue his father to vnderstande the whole circumstaunce of the trecherous crueltie vsed by his vncle and hys daughters in the murder of his brethren and how hardly he himselfe hadde escaped death out of hys vncles handes Whervpon at tyme conuenient he was furnished foorth with men and shippes by his father for the speedie reuenge of that heynous vnnaturall and moste disloyall murder in which enterprise he sped him foorth with such diligence that in shorte tyme he found meanes to dispatch hys vncle Danaus set his wyfe Hypermnestra at libertie and brought the whole kingdome of the Argiues vnder his subiection This don he caused the daughters of Danaus so many as remayned within the limittes of his dominion to be sent for whome he thought not worthie to lyue bycause of the cruell murther which they had committed on his brethren but yet for that they were his wiues sisters he would not put them to death but commaunded them to be thrust into a shippe without maister mate or mariner so to be turned into the mayn ocean sea and to take and abyde such fortune as should chance vnto them thinking the worst that might befall on them coulde bee no worsse than they had deserued Hanlyng Iohn Râ—â—s out of Dauid Penâ—â—â— These Ladies thus imbarqued and left to the mercie of the raging seas at length by hap were brought to y e coasts of this yle then called AlbioÌ„ where they took land in seeking to prouide theÌ„selues of victuals by pursute of wylde beasts met with no other inhabitantes than the rude and sauage giauntes of whome before we haue made mencion which our historicians for their beastly kynde of lyfe doe call Deuilles And with these monsters these ladies finding none other to satisfye the motions of their sensuall luste ioyned in the act of generation and ingendred a race of people in proportion nothing differing from their fathers that begote them nor in conditions from their mothers that bare them But now peraduenture ye will thinke that I haue forgotten my selfe in rehersing this historie of the Ladies arriuall here bycause I make no mencion of Albina whiche shold be the eldest of the sisters of whome this lande shoulde also take the name of Albion To this we answer that as the name of their father hathe bene mistaken so lykewyse hath the whole course of the historie in this behalfe for althoughe we shall admit that to be true whiche is rehersed in maner as before ye haue heard of the arriuall heere of those ladies yet certain it is that none of them bare the name of Albina from whom this land might be called Albion For further assuraÌ„ce wherof Higâ—â—â— The names of the daughters of Danaâ—â— if any maÌ„ be desirous to knowe all their names we haue thoughte good here to reherse theÌ„ as they be founde in Higinus Pausanias others 1. Idea 2. Philomela 3. Scillo 4. Phicomene 5. Evippe 6 Demoditas 7. Hyale 8. Trite 9. Damone 10. Hippothoe 11. Mirmidone 12. Euridice 13. Cleo. 14. Arania 15. Cleopatra 16. Phylea 17. Hypareta 18. Chrisothemis 19. Piranta 20. Armoaste 21. Danaes 22. Scean 23. Glaucippe 24. Demophile 25. Autodice 26. Polixena 27. Hecabe 28. Achamantis 29. Arsalte 30. Monuste 31. Amimone 32. Helice 33. Amaome 34. Polibe 35. Helicte 36. Electra 37. Eubule 38. Daphildice 39. Hero 40. Europomene 41. Critomedia 42. Pyrene 43. Eupheno 44. Themistagora 45. Paleno 46. Erate 47. Autonomes 48. Itea 49. Chrysanta 50. Hypermnestra These were the names of those Ladies the daughters of Danaus howebeeit whiche they were that shoulde arriue in this Isle we can not say But it suffizeth to vnderstande that none of them hight Albina so that whether the historie of their landing heere shoulde be true or not it is all one for the matter concerning the name of this Isle which vndoubtedly was called Albion eyther of Albion the giaunt as before I haue sayd or by some other occasion And thus much for the Ladies See more in the Discripâ—â— whose strange aduenture of their arriual here as it may seme to manie and with good cause incredible so without further auouching it for a truthe I leaue it to the consideration of the reader to thinke therof as reson shal moue him sith I see not how either in this or in other things of suche antiquitie we can haue any sufficient warrant otherwyse than by lykely coniectures Whiche as in this historie of the ladies they are not most probable yet haue we shewed the likelyest y t as we think may be demed to agree with those authors y t haue writ of their comming into this yle But as for an assured proofe that this I le was inhabited with people before the commyng of Brute I truste it may suffise whiche before is recited out of Annio de Viterbo Theophilus Gildas and other although muche more might be sayd As of the commyng hyther of Osyris as wel as into the other parties of y e world And likewyse of Vlysses his being here 〈◊〉 Briâ—â—â— who in performing some vow whiche he eyther then did make or before hadde made erected an Altar in that parte of Scotland which was aunciently called Calidonia as Iulius Solinus Polihistor in playne wordes doth recorde â—…olinus So that vpon these considerations I haue no doubt to deliuer vnto the Reader the opinion of those that thinke this lande to haue bin inhabited before the arriuall here of Brute trusting it may be taken in good parte sith wee haue but shewed the coniectures of others till time that some sufficient learned man shall take vpon him to descipher the doubts of all these matters BRVTE This Brute as the author of the Book which Geffrey of Monmouth translated doth affirme was the sonne of Siluius the sonne of Ascanius that was sonne of Aeneas the Troian begotten of his wyfe Creusa and borne in Troye before the Citie was destroyed â—…arding â—…lexan Neuyl â—…V Har. But as other doe take it the Author of that booke whatsoeuer he was and such other as folowe him are deceyued only in this poynt mystaking the matter in that Posthumus the sonne of Aeneas begot of his wyfe Lauinia and borne after his fathers deceasse in Italy was called Ascanius who had issue a sonne named Iulius the whiche as these other doe coniecture was the father of Brute
Peredurus These two brethren in the English Chronicle are named Higanius and Petitur the which as testifieth Gal. Mon. deuided the realme betwixt them Brytayne deuided into two realmes so that all the lande from Humber westward fel to Vigenius or Higanius the other part beyoÌ„d HuÌ„ber northward Peridure held But other affirm y e Peredurus only raigned held his brother Elidurus in prison by his owne consent forsomuch as he was not willing to gouerne But Gal. Mon. sayth that Vigenius dyed after he had raigned .vij. yeares and then Peredurus seased all the land into his owne rule and gouerned it with such sobrietie and wisedome that he was praysed aboue all his brethren so that Elidurus was quite forgotten of the Brytaynes But other write Vâ—…rietie in wryteâ—…s that he was a verie tyrant and vsed himselfe right cruelly towardes the Lordes of his lande wherevpon they rebelled and slue him But whether by violent hand or by naturall sicknesse he finally departed this life after the consent of most wryters when hee had raigned viij yeares leauing no issue behinde him to succeede in the gouernaunce of the kingdome Hee buylded the towne of Pykering Caxton Eth. Bur. where his bodie was buried Elidurus the thirde time ELidurus then as soone as his brother Peridurus was dead for as muche as hee was nexte heyre to the crowne was deliuered out of pryson and now the thirde tyme admitted king of Brytayne who vsed himselfe as before very orderly in ministring to all persons right and iustice all the dayes of his life and lastly beeing growne to great age dyed when he had raigned nowe thys thirde tyme after most concordance of writers the tearme of foure yeares and was buryed at Carleâ—…ll He is buried at Carloil HEre is to be noted that euen from the beginning of the Brytish kings The diuersitie of wryters in the account of yeares whiche raigned here in this lande there is great diuersitie amoÌ„gst wryters both touching the names and also the tymes of theyr raignes specially till they come to the death of the last mentioned king Elidurus Insomuch that Polydor Vergile in his Hystorie of Englande Polidor finding a manifest error as he taketh it in those wryters whom he followeth touching the account from the comming of Brute vnto the sacking of Rome by Brennus whome our hystories affyrme to be the brother of Beline that to fill vp the number whiche is wanting in the reckening of the yeares of those Kings which raigned after Brute tyll the dayes of the same Brenne and Beline he thought good to chaunge the order least one error should follow an other and so of one error making many he hath placed those kings whiche after other wryters shoulde seeme to followe Brenne and Beline betwixte Dunuallo and Mulmutius father to the sayde Beline and Brenne and those fiue kings whiche stroue for the gouernment after the decease of the two brethren Ferrex and Porrex putting Guintoline to succeede after the fiue kings or rulers and after Guintoline his wife Martia during the minoritie of hir sonne then hir sayde sonne named Sicilius After him these whose names follow in order Chimarius Danius Moruidius Corbonianus Archigallo who beeing deposed Elidurus was made king and so continued till he restored the gouernment as ye haue heard to Archigallo againe and after his death Elidurus was eftsoones admitted and within a while againe deposed by Vigenius Peridurus after theyr deceasses the thirde time restored Then after his decease followed successiuely Reginus Morganus Ennanus Iduuallo Rimo Eâ—…runtius Catellus Coillus Porrex the second of that name Cherinus FulgeÌ„tius Eldalus Androgeus Vrianus and Eliud after whom should follow DuÌ„uallo Molmutius as in his proper place if the order of things done and the course of tyme should be obserued as Polidore gathereth by the account of yeares attributed to those kings that raigned before and after Dunuallo according to those Authours whom as I sayde he followeth if they will that Brennus which led the Gauâ—â—es to Rome be the same that was sonne to the sayd Dunuallo Molmutius and brother to Beline But sithe other haue in better order brought out a perfite agreement in the account of yeares and succession of those kings which raigned and gouerned here in this lande before the sacking of Rome and also another suche as it is after the same and before the Romaines had anye perfite knowledge thereof we haue thought good to follow them therein leauing to euery man his libertie to iudge as his knowledge shall serue him in a thing so doubtfull and vncertaine by reason of variaunce amongest the auncient wryters in that behalfe And euen as there is great difference in wryters since Gurguntius till the death of Elidurus so is there as great or rather greater after his deceasse specially till king Lud atteyned the kingdome Fabian â–ª But as may be gathered by that whiche Fabian and other whom he followeth doe wryte there passed aboue .185 yeares betwixt the laste yere of Elidurus and the beginning of king Lud his raigne in the which time there raigned xxxij or .xxxiij. kings as some writers haue meÌ„tioned whose names as Gal. Mon. hath recorded are these Regny the sonne of Gorbolyan or Gorbonian a worthie Prince both iustly and mercifully gouerned his people Then Margan the sonne of Archigallo a noble Prince likewise and guiding his subiects in good quiet Emerian brother to the same Margan but farre vnlike to him in maners so that he was deposed in the sixt yere of his raigne Ydwallo sonne to Vigenius Rimo the sonne of Peridurus Geruntius the sonne of Elidurus Then Catell that was buried at Winchester Coill that was buried at Notingham Porrex a vertuous and most gentle prince Cherinus a Drunkerd Then Fulginius Eldad and Androgius these three were sonnes to Chercinus and raigned successiuely one after another After them a sonne of Androgeus â—â—anus Then Eliud Dedaicus Clotinius Gurguntius Meriâ—…nns Bledius Cop Owen Sicilius Blegahredus an excelleÌ„t MusitiaÌ„ After him his brother Archemail Then Eldol Red Rodieck Samuil Penisel Pir Capoir And after him his son Gligweill an vpright dealing prince a good inâ—…ticiarie After whoÌ„ succeeded his sonne Hely which raigned .lx. yeres as the foresaid Gal. Mon. writeth where other affyrme that he raigned .xl. yeares sâ—…me againe say that he raigned but .vij. moneths Such diuersitie is there in writers touching the raignes of these kings and not only for the nuÌ„ber of yeres which they shuld coÌ„tinue in their raignes but also in their names so that to shew the diuersitie of all the writers were but to small purpose sith the doings of the same kings were not great by report made thereof by any approued author But this maye suffice to aduertise you that by conferring the yeres attributed to the other kings which raigned before them sith the comming of Brute who shoulde enter this lande as by the best writers it is gathered
that they were constrayned to keepe them within the I le of Tenet where he oftentymes assayled them with such shippes as he then had When Ronowen the daughter of Hengist perceyued the great losse that the Saxons susteyned by the martiall prowes of Vortimer shee found meanes that within a while the sayd Vortimer was poysoned after he had ruled the Brytayns by the space of sixe or seuen yeres and odde Monethes as William Har. reporteth By the Brytish Hystorie it should seeme that Vortimer before his death handled the Saxons so hardly keeping them besieeged within the I le of Tenet till at length they were constrayned to sue for licence to depart home into Germanie in safetie and the better to bring this to passe they sent Vortigerne whome they had kept styll with them in all these battayles vnto his sonne Vortimer to be a meane for the obteining of their sute But whilest this treatie was in hande they got them into theyr shippes and leauing theyr wyues and children behinde them returned into Germanie Thus farre Gal. Mon. But howe vnlikely this is to be true I will not make any further discourse but onely referre euery man to that whiche in olde autentique Hystoriographers of the Englishe Nation is found recorded as in William Malmes Henrie Hunt Marianus and others Vnto whome in these matters concerning the doings betwixt the Saxons and Brytaynes we may vndoubtedly safely giue most credite William Malmes wryting of this Vortimer or Guortigerne VVil. Malâ—… and of the warres which he made agaynst the Saxons varyeth in a maner altogither from Geffrey of Monmouth as by his wordes here following ye may perceyue Guortimer the sonne of Vortimer sayth he thinking not good long to dissemble the matter for that he sawe himselfe and his Countreymen the Brytayns preuented by the craft of the Englishe Saxons setteth his full purpose to dryue them out of the Realme and kyndleth his father to the like attempt He being therefore the Authour and procurer seuen yeares after their first comming into thyâ—… land the league was broken and by the space of xx yeres they fought oftentymes togither in many light encounters but foure times they fought puissance agaynste puissaunce in open fielde in the first battayle they departed with like fortune Hengist had the victorie this battaile sayth Râ—…llâ—… 458 Hors and Categerne 〈◊〉 whilest the one part that is to meane the Saxons lost their Captain Hors that was brother to Hengist and the Brytaynes lost Categerne an other of Vortigernes sonnes In the other battails when the Englishmen went euer away with the vpper hand at length a peace was concluded Guortimer being taken out of this worlde by course of fatall death the which muche differing from the softe and milde nature of his father right nobly would haue gouerned the realme if God had suffred him to haue liued But these battailes which Vortimer gaue to the Saxons as before is mentioned should appeare by that which some wryters haue recorded to haue chauÌ„ced before the supposed time of Vortimers or Guortimers atteyning to the crowne about the sixt or seuenth yeare after the first comming of the Saxons into this realme with Hengist And hereunto William Harison giueth his consent also in his Chronologie referring the mutuall slaughter of Horsus and Catigerne to the sixth yeare of Martianus and .455 of Christ Thus hath Polidore Virgile of the first breaking of the warres betwixt the Saxons and Britayns which chaunced not as should appeare by that which he wryteth thereof till after the death of Vortigerne Howbeit he denieth not y e Hengist at his first comming got seates for him and hys people within the Country of Kent and there began to inhabite This ought not to bee forgotten that king Vortimer as Sigebertus hath written restored the christian religion after he had vanquished the Saxons â—â—gebertus in such places where the same was decayed by the enimies inuasion Vortigerne the seconde time â—â— hath â—…at West 471 THen was Vortigerne agayne restored to the Kingdome of Brytayne in the yeare of our Lorde 471. All the tyme of his sonnes raigne he had remayned in the partyes nowe called Wales where as some wryte in that meane tyme hee buylded a strong Castell called Generon or Guanereu in the West side of Wales neare to the ryuer of Guana vpon a Mountayne called Cloaricus which some referre to be buylded in his second returne into Wales as shall be shewed hereafter And it is so much the more likely for that an olde Chronicle which Fabian had fight of affyrmeth that Vortigerne was kept vnder the rule of certayne Gouernours to hym appoynted in the towne of Caerlegion Caerleon Arwicke and behaued himselfe in such commendable sort towardes his sonne in ayding him with his counsail and otherwise in the meane season whilest his sonne raigned that the Brytayns by reason therof began so to fauour him that after the death of Vortimer they made him againe king Shortly after that Vortigerne was restored to the rule of the Kingdome 4000. hath Math. West He might easily returne for except I be deceyued he was neuer driuen out after he had once got foot within this I le Hengist aduertised thereof returned into the lande with a mightye armie of Saxons whereof Vortigerne being aduertised assembled his Brytaines and with all speede made towardes him When Hengist had knowledge of the huge host of the Brytains that was comming against him he required to come to a coÌ„munication with Vortigerne which request was graunted so that it was concluded that on May day a certain nuÌ„ber of Britains as many of the Saxons should meete togither vpon the plaine of Salisburie Hengist hauing deuised a newe kind of treason when the daye of theyr appoynted meeting was come caused euery one of his allowed number secretely to put into his Hose a long knyfe where it was ordeined that no man should bring any weapon with him at all and that at the verie instant when this watchworde shoulde be vttered by him Nempt your sexes what if it were mesles Nempt your sexes then should euery of them plucke out his knife and slea the Brytayne that chaunced to be next to him except the same shoulde bee Vortigerne whom he willed to be apprehended but not slaine At the day assigned the king with his appointed number of Brytaynes nothing mistrusting lesse than any such maner of vnfaythfull dealing came to the place in order before prescribed without armour or weapon where hee founde readie Hengist with his Saxons the whiche receyued the king with amiable countenance in moste louing sort but after they were entred a little into communication Hengist meaning to accomplish hys deuysed purpose gaue the watchwoorde immediately wherevpon the Saxons drewe oute theyr knyues and sodainly fell on the Brytayns There 〈◊〉 the nobleâ—… Brytaine 〈◊〉 as Gal â–ª 〈◊〉 and slue them as sheepe being fallen within the daunger of woolues For the
yeares This Kenwalk was such a Prince Mat. 〈◊〉 dereg 〈◊〉 as in the beginning he was to be compared with the worst kind of rulers but in the middest and later ende of his raigne hee was to bee compared with y e best His godly zeale borne towards the aduancing of the Christian religion wel appeared in the building of the Church at Winchester where the Bishops Sea of al that prouince was theÌ„ placed His wife Sexburga ruled the Kyngdome of West Saxons after him a woman of stoutues ynough to haue atchieued actes of worthy remeÌ„brance but being preuented by deathe ere she had raigned one whole yeare she could not shewe any full proofe of hir noble courage I remember that Math. West maketh other report hereof declaring that the nobilitie remoued hir from the gouernement But I rather followe William Malmes in this matter TO proccede therefore after y t Sexburga was departed this life or deposed Escuinus if you wil nedes haue it so Escuinus or Elcuinus whose Grandfather called Cuthgislo y e brother of K. Kinigils succeded in gouernmeÌ„t of y e West Saxons VVil. Mal. reigning about y e space of two yeres and after his decesse one Centtuinus or Centwine tooke vppon him the rule and continued therein the space of nine yeares But Bede sayth that these two ruled at one time and deuided the kingdom betwixt them Elcuinus fought against Vulfhere Kyng of Mercia a greate number of men being slayne on both parties Hen. 〈◊〉 though Vulfhere yet had after a manner the vpper hand as some haue written In the same yere that the Sinode was holden at Herford Beda lib. â—… cap. sup 〈◊〉 that is to say in the yeare of our Lord 673. Ecgbert the King of Kent departed this life in Iuly King Locius and lefte the Kingdome to his brother Lothore which held the same eleuen yeares and seuen monethes VVil. Malm. Beda dereg lib. 1. Thunnir A vile maâ—…ther Some haue written that King Egbert by the suggestion of one Thunnir who had the chiefe rule of the kingdome vnder him suffered the sayde Thunnir to put vnto death Ethelbert or Ethelbright whiche were the sonnes of Ermenredus the brother of King Ercombert that was father vnto king Egbert for doubt leâ—…t they being towardly yong Gentlemen myghte in tyme growe so into fauor with the people that it shoulde bee easie for them to depriue both Egbert and his issue of the Kyngdome Also that they were priuily put to death and priuily buried at the firste but the place of their buriall immediately beeyng shewed after a miraculous manner theyr bodyes long after in the dayes of Kyng Egilrede the sonne of Kyng Edgar were taken vp and conueyed vnto Ramsey and there buried And although Egbert being giltie of the death of those his cousins did sore repent him for that he vnderstoode they dyed giltlesse yet hys brother Lothaire was thought to be punished for that offence as after shall be shewed Bishop Winfrid deposed Winfrid Bishop of the Mercies for cause of disobedience in some poynt was depriued by the Archbishop Theodore Sexvulfe ordeyned Bishop of the Mercies and one Sexvulfe that was the buylder and also the Abbot of the Monasterie of Meidhamstede otherwise called Peterborrough was ordeyned and consecrated in his place 675. as Math. West hath Bishop Erkenwalde About the same time Erkenwalde was ordeyned Bishop of the East Saxons and appoynted to hold his See in the Citie of London This Erkenwalde was reputed to bee a man of great holynesse and vertue Before he was made Bishoppe hee buylded two Abbeyes the one of Monkes at Chertsey in Sowtherie where hee himselfe was Abbot and the other of Nunnes at Berking within the prouince of the East Saxons Ethelburga where he placed his sister Ethelburga a woman also highly esteemed for hir deuout kinde of life Iohn Capgraue She was firste brought vp and instructed in the rules of hir profession by one Hildelitha a Nunne of the parties of beyond the Sea whome Erkenwald procured to come ouer for that purpose Waldhere Sebby king of East SaxoÌ„s Beda lib. 4. cap. 61. After Erkenwald one Waldhere was made Bishop of London in whose dayes Sebby king of the East Saxons after hee had raigned thirtie yeares beeing nowe vexed with a greeuous sicknesse professed himselfe a Monke whiche thyng he would haue done long before if his wife hadde not kept him backe Hee died shortly after within the Citie of London and was buried in the Church of Saint Paule King Sighere whyche in the beginning raigned with him VVil. Malâ—… and gouerned a parte of the East Saxons was departed thys life before so that in his latter time the foresayde Sebby had the gouernemente of the whole prouince of the East Saxons and left the same to his sonnes Sighard and Sewfred About the yeare of our Lorde .675 675 Vulfhere King of Mercia departed this life after hee hadde raigned as some haue .19 yeares VV. Mal. But other affirme that â—â— raigned .17 yeares Beda Peada or rather Weada but as other affirme hee raigned but .17 yeares Howbeit they which reckeÌ„ nineteene include the time that passed after the slaughter of Penda wherein Oswy and Peada held the aforesayde Kingdome King Ethelred The Bishoppe of Rochester Putta after that his Church was spoyled and defaced by the enimies wente vnto Sexvulfe the Bishop of Mercia and there obteyning of him a small â—â—re and a portion of ground remayned in that countrey not once labouring to restore his Church of Rochester to the former state but wente aboute in Mercia to teach song instruct suche as would learne musicke wheresoeuer hee was required or could get entertaynement Herevpon the Archbishop Theodore consecrated one William Bishop of Rochester in place of Putta and after when the sayd William constreyned by pouertie left that Church Theodore placed one Gebmound in his steede In the yeare of our Lord .678 in the moneth of August 678 A blasing Starre a blasing Starre appeared with a long bright beame like to a piller It was seene euery morning for the space of three monethes togither The same Ecgfrid king of Northumberland Mat. VVest Beda li. 4. cap. 12. Bishop Wilâ—…rid banished Hlagustald Hexam Eadhidus Lindesferne â—…oly ilande banished Bishop Wilfrid vppon displeasure taken with hym out of his See and then were two Bishops ordeyned in his place to gouerne the Church of the NorthuÌ„bers y e one named Bosa at Yorke the other called Eata at Hagustald or Lindesferne Also one Eadhidus was ordeined about the same time Bishop of Lindsey the which prouince king Egfride hadde of late conquered and taken from Vulfhere the late King of Mercia whome he ouercame in battel and droue him out of that couÌ„trey The said three Bishops were consecrated at Yorke by the Archbishop of Canterbury Theodorus the whiche within three yeares after ordeyned two Bishops more in that prouince of the
deade one Iohn a man of great holinesse was admitted Bishop and after that Bishop Wilfride was restored after he had remayned a long time in exile The sayde Iohn was remoued to the Church of Yorke Iohn Archbyshop of York the same beeing then voyde by the death of the Archbyshoppe Bosa At length the foresayd Iohn aweried with the cares-of publyke affayres resigned his Sea and got him vnto Beuerley He resigneth his See 721 where hee lyued a solitarie lyfe for the space of foure yeares and then dyed about the yeare of our Lorde .721 King Osrike as then reigning in Northumberlande Hee continued Byshoppe for the space of .xxiiij. yeares and buylded a Churche and founded a Colledge of Priests at Beuerley aforesayde in which church he lyeth buried The same yeare or in the yeare after that king Ecgfride was slaine Lother king of Kent departed this life 686. hath Mat West Lother king of Kent dyeth of a wounde the .viij. Ides of Februarie of a wounde by hym receiued in a battaile whiche he fought agaynst the South Saxons the which came in ayde of Edricke that was sonne vnto his brother Ecgbert and had mainteyned warre agaynst his vncle the sayde Lother euen from the begynning of his raigne till finally he was nowe in the sayd battaile striken through the bodie with a dart and so died thereof after he had raigned .xj. yeares and .vij. Monethes It was thought that hee was disquieted with continuall warres and troubles and finally brought to his end before the natural course of his time for a punâ—…shment of his wicked consent giuen to the putting to death of his cousins Ethelbert and Ethilbrit as appeared in that when they were reported to be Martyrs bycause it was knowne they dyed innocently VVil. Malm. hee mocked them and made but a ieast at it although his brother in acknowledging his fault repented him therof Capgâ—â—â— their 〈◊〉 and gaue as it were in recompence to theyr mother a part of the I le of Thanet to the buylding of a Monasterie Then Ceadwalla king of the West Saxons being thereof aduertised supposing the time now to bee come that would serue his purpose as one still coueting to worke the Kentish men all the displeasure he coulde entred with an armie into their Countrey and beganne to wast and spoyle the same on eche side till finally the Kentishmen assembling themselues togither gaue battaile to their enimies and put them to flight Mollo brother to Ceadwalla was dryuen from hys companie and constrayned to take an house for his refuge but his enimies that pursued hym sette fyre thereon and burned both the house and Mollo within it to Ashes Mollo 〈◊〉 to king Ceadwalla 〈◊〉 death Yet dyd not Ceadwalla herewith depart oute of the Countrey but to wreake his wrathe and to reuenge the griefe which he tooke for the death of his brother hee wasted and destroyed a greate parte of Kent ere hee returned home and left as it were an occasion to his successor also to pursue the quarell as after shall appeare The Kentishmen being destitute of a king after that diuerse had coueted the place and sought to ataine therto as well by force as otherwise to the great disquieting of that prouince for y e space of sixe yeares togither at length in the .vij. yeare after the death of Edrick â—…ictred is â—…ade king of â—…ent Withred an other of the sonnes of king Ecgbert hauing with diligente trauaile ouercome enuie at home and with money redeemed peace abrode was with great hope conceyued of his worthinesse made king of Kent the .xj. of Nouember .205 after the death of Hengest and raigned .xxxiij. yeares not deceyuing his subiectes of their good conceyued opinion of him for ouercomming all his aduersaries which were readie to leuie cyuill warre agaynst him he also purchased peace of Inas king of the West Saxons whiche ment to haue made him warre till with money he was made his friend A little before that Withred was confirmed in the kingdome of Kent Hen. Hunt Beda li. 5. ca. 8 Webhard and Nitred kings â—…y vsurpation â—…nd not by â—â—ccession as H. Hunt wriâ—…eth there raigned two kings in that countrey Suebhard or Nidred or rather the same Withred if the printed copie of Bedas booke intituled Ecclesiastica historia geÌ„tis Anglorum haue not that name corrupted for where he sheweth that the Archbishop Theodorus being of the age of .88 yeares departed this life in the yeare of our Lorde .690 in the next chapter he declareth that in the yeare .692 the first day of Iuly one Brightwalde was chosen to succeede in the Archbishops sea of Canterburie Wictredus and Suebhardus as then raigning in Kent but whether Wicttedus gouerned as then with Suebhardus or that some other named Nitred it forceth not for certain it is by the agreement of writers that till Wictred obteyned the whole rule there was great strife and contention moued about the gouernment and diuerse there were that sought and fought for it Brightwald the first Archbishop of the English nation But this ought to be noted y t the forenamed Brightwalde was the eight Archbishop in number and first of the English nation that sat in the sea of Canterburie for the other seuen that were predecessors to him were straungers borne and sent hither from Rome Inas king of VVest Saxons Bycause that now the rule of the Brytaines commonly called Welchmen The Brytaynes ceasse to raign in this lande ceassed in thys Realme as by confession of their awne wryters it appeareth and that in the ende the whole Monarchie of the same Realme came to y e hands of y e kings of West Saxons we haue thought meete to referre things general vnto y e raignes of y e same kings as before wee did in the Brytaine Kings reseruing the particuler doings to the kings of the other Prouinces or kingdomes as the same haue fallen out and shall come to hande This Inas which some mistaking theâ—… for an u do wrongfully name Iue or Iewe Fabian Henric. HuÌ„t proued a right excellent Prince hee was discended of the auncient lynage of the kings of the West Saxons as sonne to one Kenred that was sonne to Ceolwald the sonne of Cutha or Cutwyne that was sonne to Kenrick the sonne of Certicus â–ª the first king of West Saxons But he was aâ—â—itted to the kingdome more for the valiant prowes knowne to rest in his worthie person than for the successiue ofspring of which he was descended The first voyage that â—…e made was agaynst the Kentishmen on whom 〈◊〉 purposed to reuenge the death of his cosin Mollâ—… the griefe where of as yet he kept in fresh memoriâ—… Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. But when the Kentish men perceiued that to resist him by force they were nothing able they attempted by money to buy theyr peace and so obteined their purpose vppon payment made to him of .xxx. M. markes of siluer
them beganne to inhabite the same In the .xiiij. yeare of king Alvred his reigne parte of the Danishe armie whiche was gone ouer into Fraunce returned into England and besieged Rochester Rochester besieged 885. But when Alvred approched to the reskâ—…e the enimies fledde to theyr shippes and passed ouer the sea agayne In the yeare folowing king Alvred besieged the Citie of London 886. London recouered out of the handes of the Danes the Danes that wer within it fledde from thence and the Englishemen that were inhabitantes thereof gladly receiued him reioycing that there was suche a Prince bredde of their nation that was of power able to reduce them into libertie This Citie being at that season the chiefe of all Mercia VV. Malms Ethelfleda he deliuered 〈◊〉 he keeping of duke Eldred whiche had maried his daughter Ethelfleda and held a great portion of Mercia Colvvolphus which Colwolphus before tyme possessed by graunt of the Danes after they had subdued kyng Burthred as before is mencioned About the .xxj. yeare of king Alvred a greate armie of those Danes or Normanes whyche hadde ben in France 〈◊〉 into England Lymen novve Rother and arriued in the hauen or 〈◊〉 or Lymene in the east part of Kente neere to the greate woodde called Andredesley Andredesleg â—… whyche dydde contyene in tymes past Cxx. myles in length and thirtie in breadth These Danes landing with their people buylded a Castell at Appledore A castel buylte at Apledore 893. S. Dunel at Milton Also in the meane tyme came Hastyng wyth lxxx ships into the Thames and buylded a Castell at Middleton but hee was constrained by siege Hastings the capitain of the Danes besieged He receyueth an othe whiche king Alured planted about him to receiue an othe that he should not in any wyfe anoy the dominion of king Alured who vpon his promyse to departe gaue great rewards as well to him as to his wyfe and children One of his sonnes also king Allured helde at the Fontstone and to the other Duke Eldred was godfather For as it were to winne credite and to auoyde present daunger Hasting sent vnto king Allured these hys two sonnes sygnifying that if it stoode with his pleasure he coulde be content that they shoulde be baptised But neuerthelesse this Hasting was euer moste vntrue of worde and deede Beanfleet hath Math. VVest he buylded a castell at Beamfield And as he was going foorth to spoyle and wast the kings countreys Allured tooke that Castell wyth hys wyfe This enterprise vvas atchieued by Edeldred duke of Mercia â—…n absence of the king as M. VVest hathe noted Excester besieged children shippes and goodes which he had got togither of suche spoyles as he had purchased abroade but he restored vnto Hasting his wyfe and children bicause hee was their godfather Shortly after newes came that a great number of other shippes of Danes were come out of Northumberlande and had besieged Excester Whylest king Allured went then against them the other armie whiche laye at Apledore inuaded Essex and buylt a castell in that countrey and after went into the borders of Wales and builded an other castell neere to the riuer of Seuerne Seuerne but being driuen oute of that countrey they returned agayne into Essex Those that had besieged Excester vpoÌ„ knowledge had of king Allureds comming fledde to their shippes and so remayning on the sea roaued abroade seeking prayes Besides thys other Armies there were sent foorth whiche comming out of Northumberlande tooke the citie of Chester Chester taken by Danes but there they were so besette aboute with their enimies that they were constrayned to eate their horses Great famine At length in the .xxiiij. yeare of king Allured they lefte that citie and fetched a compasse about Northwales and so meaning to sayle rounde aboute the coast to come into Northumberland they ariued in Essex H. Hunt and in the winter folowing drew their shippes by the Thames into the water of Luye The vvater of Luye novve Lee. That armie of Danes whiche had besieged Excester tooke prayes aboute Chichester and was mette with so that they lost many of their men and also diuers of their ships In the yeare folowing the other armie which had broughte the shippes into the riuer of Luye began to buylde a castell neere to the same riuer twentie myles distaunt from London â—… H. Hunt but the Londoners came thither and giuing battayl to the Danes slewe .iiij. of the chiefe Capitan 〈◊〉 The Londoners 〈◊〉 against the Danes But by Simon Dunel and Mathew Weâ—â— it shoulde seeme that the Londoners were at thys time put to flighte and that foure of the kinges Thanes or barons were slaine Howbeit Henry of Huntington hath written as before I haue recited And further sayth that when the Danes fled for their refuge to the Castell king Alured caused the water of Luy to be deuided into three Chanels 〈◊〉 so that the Danes shoulde not bryng backe their shippes oute of the place where they lay at ancker When the Danes perceyued this they lefte their shippes behynde them Quaâ—â—bridge or VVâ—â—bridge and wente into the borders of Wales where at Cartbridge vpon Seuerne they buylte an other cassell and lay there all the wynter following hauing lefte their wiues and childreÌ„ in the countrey of Eastangles King Allured pursued them but the LoÌ„doners tooke the enimies ships and brought some of them to the Citie and the rest they brent Thus for the space of three yeeres after the arriuing of the mayne armie of Danes in the hauen of Luye they sore endomaged the Englishe people although the Danes themselues susteyned more losse at the Englishmens handes than they did to them with all pilfering and spoyling In the fourth yeare after their comming The Danishe armie diuided into partes the armie was deuided so that parte of them wente into Northumberlande part of them remayned in the countrey of the Eastangles and an other parte went into Fraunce Also certain of their ships came vpon the coast of the Westsaxons oftentymes settyng theyr men on lande to robbe and spoyle the countrey But king Allured tooke order in the best wise he might for defence of his countrey and people and caused certaine mightie vessels to be buylded which he appointed foorth to encounter with the enimies shippes And thus lyke a worthie Prince and politike gouernour he preuented eche way foorth to resist his enimies and to sauegarde his subiects The death of king Aâ—â—red Finally after he had reigned .29 yeeres and an halfe he departed this lyfe the .28 day of October His bodie was buried at Winchester He left behynde him issue by his wife Ethelwitha the daughter of Earle Ethelred of Mercia His issue two sonnes Edwarde surnamed the elder which succeeded him and Adelwolde Also three daughters Elfleda or Ethelfleda Elfleda Ethelgeda or Elgiua and Ethelwitha Elflede was maried as ye haue hearde
this Adelstane conquered the same out of their hands and ioyned it vnto other of his dominions constreyning as well the Danes of whom the more part of the inhabitaÌ„ts then consisted as also the Englishmen to obey him as their King and gouernour Polidor Godfrey as is saide being fled to the Scots did so much there by earnest sute made to Kyng Constantine that hee gote a power of men and entring with the same into Northumberlande besieged the Citie of Duresme soliciting the Citizens to receyue him whiche they woulde gladly haue done if they had not perceyued how he was not of power able to resist the puissance of Kyng Adelstane and therefore doubting to be punished for their offences if they reuolted they kept the enimies out 934 King Adelstane beeyng sore moued agaynste the King of Scottes that thus ayded his enimies raysed an army and wente Northwarde purposing to reuenge that iniurie At his comming into Yorkshire hee turned out of the way Ran. Higd. to visit the place where Saint Iohn of Beuerley was buryed and ther offered his knife promising that if he returned with victory he would redeme the same with a worthy price and so proceeded foorth on his iourney entring Scotland Sim. Dun. wasted the countrey by land vnto Dunfoader and Wertermore and his Nauie by Sea destroyed the coastes alongst the shore euen to Catnesse and so he brought the King of Scottes and other hys enimies vnto subiection at his pleasure The Scottes subdued constreyning the same King of Scottes to deliuer vnto him his sonne in hostage It is sayde that beyng in his iourney neere vnto the Towne of Dunbarre he prayed vnto God that at the instance of Saint Iohn of Beuerley it would please him to graunt y t he might shew some open token wherby it should appeare to all them that then lyued should hereafter succeede that the Scottes ought to be subiect vnto y e kings of EnglaÌ„d A token shewed miraculously that Scottes ought to be subiect to the Kings of England And therewith the King with his sword smote vpoÌ„ a great stone standing neere to the Castel of Dunbarre with the stroke there appeared a clift in the same stone to the length of an elme whiche remayned to be shewed as a witnesse of y e thing many yeres after At his comming backe to Beuerley hee redeemed his knife with a large price as before hee had promised After this VVil. Mal. Mat. VVest 934 was Edwin the Kings brother accused of some conspiracie by him begun against the K. whervpoÌ„ he was banished the land and sent out in an old rotten vessell without rower or Marriner onely accompanied with one Esquire so that beeing launched foorth from the shore through very dispaire Edwin lept into the Sea and drowned himselfe but the Esquire that was with him recouered his body and broughte it to land at Withsand besides Canterbury But Iames Maier in the annales of Flanders sayth that hee was drowned by fortune of the Seas beeyng in a small vessell and cast vp into a creeke on the coast of Picardie was founde by Adolph Earle of Bulleigne that was his cousin germayne and honorably buryed by the same Adolph in the Churche of Bertine for the whyche deede of pietie and dutie of mindfull consanguinitie the Kyng of Englande both hartily thanked Earle Adolph and bestowed greate giftes vppon the Church where his brother was thus buryed For verily King Adelstane after his displeasure was assuaged Repentance too late and hearing of this miserable ende of his brother sore repented hymselfe of his rigour so extended towardes him in so muche that he coulde neuer abide the man that had giuen the information against him which was his cupbearer so that one time as the saide cupbearer serued him at the Table and came towardes him with a cuppe of wine one of his feete chaunced to slide but hee recouered himselfe with the help of the other foote saying one brother yet hathe holpe and succoured the other whiche wordes cost him hys life for the King remembring that by his accusation he had lost his brother that might haue bin an ayd to him causeth his said cupbearer straight wayes to be put to death â—…Vil Malm. In this meane while Aulafe the sonne of Sithericke late King of Northumberland who is also named by Writers to be King of the Irishmen and of many Ilands assembled a great power of Danes IrishmeÌ„ Scottes and other people of the out Iles and embarqued them in .615 Shippes and Crayers with the whiche he arriued in the mouthe of Humber and there comming on lande beganne to inuade the countrey Thys Aulafe had married the daughter of Constantine Kyng of Scottes 937 â—â—mon Dun. by whose procuremeÌ„t notwithstanding his late submission Aulafe tooke in hand this iourney King Adelstane aduertised of his enimies arriuall gathered his people and with all conuenient speede hasted towards them and approching neere vnto them pight downe his fielde at a place called by some Brimesbury by other Brimesâ—…ord â—… Hunt â—…Vil Malm. â—…at VVest â—…ec Boetius â—â—n Higd. â—â—lafe disguiâ—â—d commeth 〈◊〉 view tâ—…e â—â—glish camp and also Brimaubright and by the Scottish Writers Browmingfielde When knowledge hereof was had in the enimies camp Aulafe enterprised a maruellous exployte for taking with him an harpe hee campe into the Englishe campe offering himselfe disguised as a minstrell to shewe some parte of his cunning in musicke vpon his instrument and so being suffered to passe from Tente to Tente and admitted also to play afore the Kyng surueyghed y e whole state and order of the army This done he returned meaning by a cammisado to set vpoÌ„ y e kings Tente But one that had serued as a Souldiour sometime vnder Aulafe chanced by markyng his demeanor to knowe him and after he was gone vttered to the King what he knewe The Kyng semed to be displeased in that he had not told him so muâ—…h before Aulafes departure but in excusing himselfe the Souldiour sayde yee must remember if it like your grace that the same fayth which I haue giuen vnto you I sometime ought vnto Aulafe â–ª therefore if I shoulde haue betrayed hym now you might wel stand in doubt least I shuld heereafter do the like to you but if you wil follow myne aduice remooue your Tente least happily he assayle you vnwares The Kyng did so and as it chaunced in the nyght following commeth Aulafe to assayle the English Camp and by fortune comming to the place where the Kings Tent before stoode Aulafe assayâ—◠〈◊〉 the Engâ—â—â—h campâ—… he found a Bishoppe lodged which with his company was come the same day to the army and hadde pight vp his Tent in that place from whence the King was remoued and so was the same Bishoppe and most parte of his men there slaine Which slaughter executed Aulafe passed forward and came to the Kings TeÌ„t who in this mean
countenaunce as one meruaylously abashed and streightwayes gaue sentence against Edrike in this wise Thou art worthy saith he of death and dye thou shalte whiche art giltie of treason both towardes God and me sith that thou hast slayne thyne owne soueraigne Lorde and my deare alyed brother Thy bloud therfore be vpon thyne owne head fith thy toung hath vttered thy treason And immediately hee caused his throate to be cut Edrike put to death and his bodie to be throwen out at the chamber windowe into the riuer of Thames This was the ende of Edryke surname de Stratten or Streona a man of greate infanie for his craftie dissimulation falshod and treason used by him to the ouerthrowe of the Englishe astate as partly before is touched Simon Dun. But ther be that concerning that cause of this Edriks death seeme partly to disagree from that whyche before is recited declaryng that Enute standing in some doubt to be betrayed thorough the treason of Edricke Encomium Eâ—… soughte occasions howe to rydde him and other whome hee lykewyse mystrusted out of the waye And therfore one daye when Edryke craued some preferremente at Cnutes handes and alledged that he had deserued to be wel thought of sith by his flight from the battaile at Ashendone the victorie therby inclined vnto Cnutes parte Cnute hearing hym speake these wordes made this aunswere And canst thou quoth he be true to me that through fraudulent meanes diddest deceyue thy souerain Lorde and maister but I will rewarde thee according to thy desertes so as from hencefoorth thou shalte not deceyne any other and so forthwith coÌ„maunded Erick one of his chief captains to dispatch him who incoÌ„tineÌ„tly cut off his head with his are or halbert Verly Simon Dunelmens sayth kyng Cnute vnderstanding in what forte both king Egelred and his sonne king Edmunde Ironside had bin betrayed by the sayde Edricke he stoode in great doubt to be lykewyse deceyued by him and therfore was glad to haue some pretended quarrell to dispatche both hyâ—… and other whome he lykewyse mystrusted as it well appeared For at the same tyme there were put to death with Edricke Earle Norman the sonne of earle Leofwyn and brother to Earle Leofryke also Adelwarde the sonne of Earle Agelmare and Brightricke the sonne of Alfegus gouernour of Deuonshire without all guilt or cause as some wryte And in place of Norman his brother Leofryke was made earle of Mercia by the king and had in great fauour This Leofricke is coÌ„monly also by writers named Earle of Chester After this likewise Cnute banished Iric and Turkyll two Danes the one as before is recited gouernor of Northumberland and the other of Norfolke and Suffolk or Eastangle Then rested the whole rule of the realme in the kings hands whervpon he studied to preserue the people in peace and ordeyned lawes according to the whiche bothe Danes and Englishmenne shoulde bee gouerned in equall state and degree Diuers greate lordes whome hee founde vnfaithfull or rather suspected he put to death H. Hunt Lordes put to death as before ye haue hearde besyde suche s he banished out of the Realme He raysed a tare or tribute of the people A 〈…〉 amounting to the summe of fourscore two thousand pound beside xj M. pound which the Londoners payde towards the maintenance of the Danish Armie In the thirde yeare of his reigne hee sayled with an armie of Englishemen and Danes into Denmarke to subdue the Vandals there 1019. King Cnute passeth into Denmarke whiche then sore annoyed and warred agaynst his subiectes of Denmarke Erle Goodwyn which had the souerain conduct of the Englishmen Erle Goodvvin his seruice in Denmarke the night before the day appoynted for the battayle gote him foorthe of the campe with his people sodeynly assaylyng the Vandals in their lodgings easily distressed them sleaing a great number of them and chaâ—…ing the residue In the morning early when Cnute herd that the Englishemen were gone foorth of their lodgings he supposed that they were eyther fled awaye or else tourned to take part with the enimies But as he approached to the enimies camp he vnderstode howe the matter wente for hee founde nothyng there but bloud deade bodyes and the spoyle For thys good seruice Cnute had the englishmen in more estimation euer after Cnute had the â—…nglishmen in estimation for their good seruice and highely rewarded theyr leader the same Earle Goodwâ—â— When Cnute had ordered all things in Denmarke as was thoughte â—…houefull he â—…tansd agayne into Englande And within a few days after hee was aduertised that the Sâ—… were made warre against his subiectes of Denmarke 1028 vnder the leading of two greate Princes Vâ—…fe and Eâ—…râ—… Mathewe Westm recounteth that at thys tyme Earle Goodwyn and the Englishmenne wrought the enterprise aboue mentioned of assaultyng the enimies campe in the night season after Cnute had fyrste loste in the daye before no small number of his people And that then the foresayde princes or kyngs as hee nameth them Vlfus and Aulafus which latter he calleth Eiglafe were constrayned to agree vpon a peace The Danish Chronicles alledge that the occasion of this warre rose hereof Albertus Crantz This Olauus ayded Cnute as the same writers reporte against kyng Edmunde and the Englishemenne But when the peace should be made betweene Cnute and Edmunde there was no consideration had of Olauus where as throught hym the Danes chiefly obteyned the victorie Herevpon Olavus was fore offended in hys mynde againste Cnute and nowe vpon occasion sought to be reuenged But what soeuer the cause was of this warre bewirte these two Princes the ende was thus That Olavus was expulsed out of his kingdome and constrained to flee to Ger. thaslaus a duke in the parties of Gastlande And afterwarde retourning into Norwayt was slayne by suche of his subiects as tooke part with Cnute in manner as in the historie of Norway it appereth more at large with the cotratretie soud in the writing of them which haue recorded the histories of those North regions But heer is to be remembred Magnus Olavus that the fame and glorie of the English nation was greately aduaunced in these warres as well againste the Swedâ—…ers as the Norwegians Fabian Polyd. H. Hunt so that Cnute began to loue and trust the Englishmen muche better than it was thought he woulde euer haue owne Shortly after that Cnute was retourned into Englande that is to wiâ—… as some haue in the .xv. yeare of his reigue Other say that he vvente forth of Denmark to Rome he went to Rome to perform his vow which he had made to visite the places where the Apostles Peter and Poule had their burial Sim. Dunel He was honorably receyued of Pope John the xx that them held the sea An. 103â—… When he had vone his deuotion there hee retourned into Englande In the yeare following 1032 VVil. Malm. Mat. VVest he made
a iourney against the Scottes whiche as then had ribelled But by the princely power of Cnute they were subdued and brought agayne to obedience 1033. Scots subdued H. Hunt Aâ—…no 1035. VVil. Mal. so that not onely king Malcomie but also two other kinges Melbeath and Ieohmare became his subiects Finally after that this noble prince king Cnute had reigned the tearme of .xx. yeares currant after the death of Ethelred The death of king Cnute hee died at Shaftesbury as the englishe writers affirme the .xij. daye of Nouember and was buried at Winchester But the Danish chronicle record that he died in Normande H. Hunt Al. Grantz and was burryed at Roan as in the same Chronicâ—…rs ye maye reade â—…imâ—… at large This Cnute was the mighty est prince that euer reigned ouer the English people The large dominion of king Cnute H. Hunt Albertus Crantz for he had the soueraigne rule ouer al Denmark Englande Norway Scotland part of Sweden Amongst other of his royall actes he caused suche tolles and tallages as were demaunded of waygoers at bridges streetes in the high waye betwixte Englande and Rome to be diminished to the halfes and agayne got also a moderation to be had in the payemente of the Archbishoppes sets of his realme whiche was leuied of them in the Court of Rome when they shoulde receyue their palles as may appeare by a letter which he himselfe being at Rome directed to the Bishops and other of the nobles of England In the whiche it also appeareth that besides the royal entertaynment which he had at Rome of pope Iohn he had conference there with the Emperor Conrade with Rafe king of Burgongne and with many other great princes and noble men which were present there at that time Grauntes made to the benefite of Englishmen at the instance of king Cnute Which at his request in fauor of those EnglishmeÌ„ that shuld trauaile to Rome graunted as we haue said to diminish such dueties as were gathered of passingers He receyued there many great giftes of the Emperor and was highly honored of him and likewise of the Pope Fabian of al other the high princes at that tyme present at Rome so that when hee came home as some write hee shoulde growe greatly into pride Polidore Mat. VVest insomuche that being neere to the Thames or rather as other write vppon the sea slronde neere to Southhampton and perceyuyng the water to ryse by reason of the tyde He caused his chaâ—â— to bee set there as Math. VVest hath Hen Hunt hee caste off his gowne and wrappyng it rounde togither threwe it on the sandes verye neere the increasing water and sate him downe vpon it speaking this or the lyke wordes to the sea Thou art sayth he within the compasse of my dominion and the grounde whereon I sitte is myne and thou knowest that no wyght dare disobey my coÌ„mandements I therfore do now commaund thee not to ryse vpon my grounde nor to presume to wet any part of thy soueraine Lorde and gouernour But the sea keeping hir course rose still higher and higher and ouerflowed not only the kings feete but also flashed vp vnto his legs knees Wherwith the king starte sodenly vp withdrew from it saying withal to his nobles that were about him The saying of king Cnute Behold you noble men you cal me king which can not somuch as stay by my coÌ„maundement â–ª this smal portion of water But knowe ye for certaine that there is no king but the father only of our Lord Iesus Christe with whome he reigneth and at whose becke all things are gouerned let vs therfore honour him Zealously ynough if it had biâ—… according to true knovvledge let vs confesse and professe him to bee the ruler of heauen earth and sea and besides him none other From thence he went to Winchester and there with his own hands set his crown vpoÌ„ the head of the image of the Crucifix 〈…〉 Mat. VVeâ—… which 〈◊〉 there in the church of the Apostles Peter Pâ—… and froÌ„ theÌ„ceforth he wold neuer weare y e â—…rn nor any other Some write that he spake â—…the formes words to y e sea vpon any presumptuousnes of mynd but only vpon occasion of the vain title Polidor which in his comendation one of his geÌ„tlemen gaue him by way of flatterie as he rightly toke it for he called him the most mightiest king of all kings Flatterie reproued which ruled most at large both then sea and land Therfore to reproue the vayn flatterie of such vain persons he deuised such maner of mean as before is mencioned wherby both to reproue such flatterers also that men might be admonished to consider the omnipotencie of y e almightie God He had issue by his wife Queene Emme a son named by the English chronicles Hardiknought but by y e Danish writers Knute Polidore or Knutte also a daughter named Gonidâ—…s y t was after maryed to Henry the son of the emperor Conrade Albertâ—… Crantz which also was afterward Emperor named Henry the third By his concubine Alwynne that was daughter to Alselme whom some name erle of Hampton he had two bastard sons Harold Sweno He was much giuen in his latter dayes to vertue as hee that considered howe perfect felicitie rested only in godlynes and true deuotion to serue the heauenly king and gouernour of all things Polidore â–ª Fabian He repared in his time many churches abbeis and houses of religion whyche by occasion of warres had bin sore defaced by him and by hys father but specially he did greate coste vpon the Abbey of saint Edmund in the town of Bury as before partely is meÌ„cioned He buylt also two Abbeys from the foundation as Sainct Benets in Norffolke seuen myles distant from Norwyche and an other in Norwaye VVhich is supposed to bee Barclovve set Ashdoâ—â— a 〈…〉 is halfe a mylâ—… from 〈◊〉 1020. Sim. Dunel He did also buylde a Churche at Ashdowne in Essex where he obteyned the victorie of king Edmund and was presente at the hallowing or consecration thereof with a greate multitude of the Lordes and nobles of the Realme bothe Englishe and Danes He also holpe with his owne handes to remoue the body of the holy Archbishop Elphegus when the same was translated from London to Canterbury The royall and moste riche iewels whiche he and his wyfe Queene Emme gaue vnto the Churche of Winchester mighte make the beholders to wonder at such their exceding and bountiful munisicence Thus did Cnute striue to refourme all suche thyngs whiche hee and his auncesters had done amisse and to wype awaye the spot of euill doing as surely to the outward sight of the world he did in deed He had the Archbishoppe of Canterbury Archelnotus in singular reputation and vsed his Counsell in matters of importaunce He also fauoured highly Leofrike Earle of Chester Leofrike Earle of
remayne to be seene in that place where it stoode euen vnto this day He likewise buylt an other Citie in the East parte of the Realme neare to the water called Lochnesse Enuernesse buylded which he named Enuernesse after the name of the same water Whither in tymes past there resorted many Marchantes of Germanie wyth such marchandise as the Inhabitantes of the Countrey there stoode in neede of exchaunging the same with them for Marterne skinnes and other such furres wherewith they made their returne This Citie is as yet remayning and beareth the olde name rich and well stored with diuerse kinds of Marchandise so that this Ewin proued a moste famous Prince for his worthie exploytes right fortunately atchieued bothe in peace and warre Cadall deceassed And finally vnderstanding the death of his deare and entyrelye beloued friende Cadall hee repayred vnto Epiake as well to giue order for the pacifying of his sonnes beeing at variance for their fathers inheritance as also to doe the more honour to his friende nowe deceassed by erecting some monument neare vnto his Sepulchre Comming therefore to Epiacke and setting an accorde betwixt the yong men hee caused an Image to be made in all poyntes resembling the personage of Cadal as neare as might be which he placed in the myddest of the Market steede commaunding the same to be honoured wyth burning of Incense and other diuine Ceremonies Within fewe dayes also through inwarde sorrow as was thought for the losse of so deare a friende he began to waxe sicke himselfe and at length perceyuing he shoulde not escape present death he caused Ederus of whome before mention is made to be brought vnto him into whose handes with many wholsome aduertisementes howe to vse himselfe in gouernment of his subiects Ewin resigneth the estate he wholy resigned the estate the which after his deceasse he knew to be due vnto him without all question and controuersie Ewins decease and afterwarde departed this worlde when he had raigned seuentene yeares continually for the most part in high wealth and felicitie In the begynning of his raigne there was no trouble towardes the publike state of the Realme being maynteyned by vpright iustice and all transgressions through terrour of due punishmente politikely repressed The first that went about to put him to any notable trouble Bredus inuadeth the Scots was one Bredus of the Isles neare of kinne to Gisius that vsurper and murtherer who with a power of Irish men and other of the westerne Isles landed in Argyle wasting and spoyling the countrey with fire and sworde whereof Ederus being aduertised who was the same time in those partes a hunting amongst the mountaynes gathered an armie with all speede and hasting to the place where his enimies ships lay at ancre Ederus burneth his enimies ships he first burned y e same to take away all meane from them to escape by flight The morning next following he did set vpon them also at vnwares of whome some hee slue and the residue being taken either in the fight or chase by his commaundement were hanged and cruelly executed to the example of all others Ederus went into the western Isles After this he passed ouer into y e western Isles where hee did execution vpon such as had ayded Bredus putting some to death and causing other to fine at his pleasure and depriuing some vtterly of all that euer they had At his returne againe into Scotlande there met him Ambassadours sent from Cassybilane king of the Brytaynes Cassybilane king of the Brytaynes requireth of the Scottish men ayde agaynst the Romaines requyring him of ayde agaynst Iulius Cesar who as the same king had perfite vnderstanding was appoynted very shortly to passe the seas from Fraunce ouer into this Isle with a mightie power of Romaynes to subdue the Inhabitants vnto the seigniorie and iurisdiction of Rome Ederus receyued these Ambassadours very courteously Androgeus chiefe Ambassadour of the Brytaynes declareth the effect of his message and forsomuch as their maysters request requyred counsell hee caused his Lordes whiche were then present to assemble togyther the nexte daye afore whome he willed that Androgeus chiefe of the British Ambassadours shoulde declare the effect of his message which he did so eloquently and vttering such sensible matter how it stoode the Scottish men vpon to ayde the Brytaynes agaynst suche common enimies to all nations as the Romaynes were that in the ende it was concluded by the king with the aduice of his nobles that he shoulde not onely sende a power to ayde the Brytaynes agaynste the Romaynes The Scottes graunt to ayde the Brytaynes agaynst the Romaynes but also sende some of his Lordes with Androgeus and his associates vnto Gethus king of the Pictes to moue him to doe the lyke who hearing howe reasonable their demaundes were promised further to accomplish the same Thus the Britishe Ambassadours hauing spedde according to their desires repayred homewardes immediately vppon whose departure both the kings Ederus and Gethus leuied their armies and sent them forth towardes London where as then Cassybilane soiourned I finde that the Scottes were a ten thousande men vnder the leading of Cadallane gouernour of Galloway Cadallane and Douald wyth ten thousande Scottish men send to ayde the Brytaynes the sonne of Cadall before remembred and one Doualde gouernour of Argyle But what succes followed of this first iourney which Cesar made into Brytayne ye shall finde the same in the Hystorie of England more at length expressed The yeare that Iulius Cesar came to inuade Brytaine 5139. H.B. was the fourth of Ederus hys raigne from the creation of the worlde 3912. complete whiche is after maister Harisons account 54. 60. H.B. before the comming of our Sauiour and 692. after the buylding of Rome The Scottishe men and Pictes hauing theyr part of the spoyle which the Romaynes at theyr departure left behynde them were sente home to their Countreys with great thankes and rewards for their paynes The Brytaines exalted in pride but the Brytaynes were so exalted in pryde by the departure of the Romaynes that they beleeued verily they shoulde haue no more to do with those enimies or if they had they thought themselues strong ynough to repulse them without ayde of other By meanes whereof when king Ederus was informed howe the Romaynes prepared to inuade them afreshe The Brytaynes refuse ayde being offered them and had sent them word thereof offering to them his ayde they made no account of that offer but answered y t it was not necessarie for euery light inuasion of forraine enimies to seeke helpe at other mens handes being of puissance sufficient of themselues to resist the same well ynough But of this refusall of so friendly an offer it was not long ere the Brytaynes sore repented them Iulius Caesar inuadeth this land the seconde time For shortly after Iulius Cesar with a far greater power than that which he brought
any mater in controuersie Aduersaries in suyte of law shall be iudged giltie of the action and the other set free If oxen or kyen chaunce by runnyng togither to kill one an other Oxen or kyne â–ª hurting eche other the truthe beyng not knowen whiche it was that did the hurte that which is founde without hornes shall be iudged the occasion of the skathe and he that is owner of the same shall haue the dead beast satisfie him for the losse to whom it belonged If a sow eate hir pigges A Sowe let hyr be stoned to death and buried so that noman eate of hyr fleshe A swyne that is founde eating of corne that groweth in the field Swyne or wrooting vpon the tilled groundes let it be lawfull for any man to kill the same without daunger Other kindes of beastes Beasts domage â—…esant wherein other men haue any propertie if they breake into thy pastures or eate vp thy corne impounde them till time the owner haue satisfied thee for the quantitie of the domage These were cyuill ordinaunces belongyng to the good gouernment of the people Articles touching religioÌ„ other there were whiche appertayne to religion as these Thou shalt deuoutly reuerence the Aulters TeÌ„ples Images Oratories Chapels Priests and all men of religion Keeping of holy dayes Thou shalte obserue with dewe reuerence festiuall and solemne holy dayes fasting dayes vygiles and all maner of ceremonies instituted by the godly ordinaunce of man in the honour of our Sauiour Christe and his Saintes To hurt a Prieste let it be accompted an offence woorthie of death Priests That grounde wherein any that is slayne lieth buried Ground to be left vntilled leaue it vntilled for seuen yeares space Repute euery graue holy Graues and adorne it with the signe of the crosse so as thou shalt be well aduised that in no wise with thy feete thou treade vpon it Burie the dead according to the quantitie of his substaunce Buriall The body of a noble man of him that hath well deserued of the common wealth Buriall of noble men shal be buried in solemne and pompouse wise but yet in mourning sorte and dolorous manner Let there be two knights or squiers to attend his bodie to the graue the one being mounted vpoÌ„ a whyte horse shal beare the coate armure of the dead the other in mourning apparell with his face couered shal ride vpoÌ„ a blacke horse who after the corps is brought to churche turnyng his horse from the Aulter shall crie out how his maister is dead therwith the people making an outcrie against him he shall straight wayes departe and get him with all speede to the place froÌ„ whence he came the other going straight to the aulter shall there offer vp to y e priest his coate armure with his horse as a token to signifie therby that his master doth enioy euerlasting lyfe in the land of permanent light and ioyes eternall But this custome of buriall as that whiche was supposed not appertayning to the order of the Christian religion the age that followed dyd vtterly abolishe appoynting to the Priestes in steede of the horse and armure .v. pound sterlyng in money for the offering With these and diuers other ordinaunces whiche tyme and other statutes by other kings diuised haue abrogated Kenneth gouerned his people in great felicitie during his lyfe time The Bishops sea whiche before had bene at Abirnethy S. Reule his Church nowe called Saint Andrewes hee translated vnto the Churche of that holy man Saint Reule Euer sithe whiche time the towne hath bene called Saint Andrewes and those whiche gouerned the same Churche long time after were called the greate Bishoppes of Scotlande for the realme was not deuided into Dioceses till the daies of Malcolme the thyrde who by deuine inspiration as is sayde ordeyned the sea of Murthlake now called Abirden but suche as were reputed of vertuous behauiour and knowledge meete for the office vsed the authoritie and rowmeth of Bishoppes in what place so euer they were resident Yet suche was the continuaunce of those which gouerned the church of Saint Andrewes that there haue bene aboue the number of fortie Bishoppes resident there sithe the firste institution of that sea many of them for the opinion conceyued of theyr holinesse beyng numbred accordyng to the maner in times paste in the register of Saints The boundes 〈◊〉 Scottish kiâ—…gdome But nowe to returne vnto Kenneth who hauing as is sayde enlarged the boundes of his kingdome so as the same stretched foorth vnto the confynes of Northumberlande on the one side and to the Isles of Orknay on the other the sea compassing in the residue at the length after hee hadde reygned aboute twentie yeares in greate renowme and glory hee departed out of this lyfe King Kenneth departeth out of this life 85â—… H.B. through to muche abundâ—…̄â—…ce of rewmatike mater at Fortivoite in the yeare of our Lorde .856 His bodie was conueyed into the Isle of Colmekill and there honorably buried amongst his auncestours Donald AFter his deceasse succeeded in gouernment of the realme his brother Donald Donald the 〈◊〉 of that 〈◊〉 accerâ—… 〈◊〉 brother Kenneth farre differing in qualities from his noble brother the foresayde Kenneth but yet before he came to the rule of the realme he disclosed not his vicious nature for doubte of offending the king his brother The king is of dissolute behauiour Neuerthelesse he had continued vnneth twoo yeares in the astate but that he had subuerted all good orders in his realme by his naughtie ensamples of dissolute liuing for his minde was set on nothing but on wanton pleasures as in the vnlawfull vse of concubines riotous banquetting keepyng of Hawkes Houndes and Horses for pleasure and not for the vse of warres whereof hee had no regarde at all for suche charges as hee shoulde haue bene at for mayntenance of men of warre to keepe the frounters of his realme was imployed vpon a sorte of rascals that serued him in the furtherance of his wanton delites and voluptuous desires as HuntsmeÌ„ Fauconers Cookes Bawdes Ruffians and suche lyke Wherevpon diuers of the Nobles remembring what appertayned to theyr dueties The king is admonished of his Nobles spared not but freely admonished the king what daunger woulde ensue of his misordered behauiour if hee reformed not his manners nor restrayned the licencious doyngs of his seruaunts and familie But when they perceyued that theyr woordes were not regarded but for the same they themselues ranne into displeasure they sorrowed not a litle to see so small hope of amendment of suche enormities as euery where reygned through the region for all youthfull persons gyuen to sensuall luste followed the same without any feare or care of correction so that there was no measure of offending and haunting of euill rule in all parties in so muche that shortely through wante of all good gouernaunce wrong
olde former league renewed betwixte the Englishmen and Scottes with any reasonable condicions whiche should be thought to be requisite The league was confirmed agayne After the returne of the Ambassadours â–ª the league was newly confirmed betwixt the two kings theyr people with the semblable articles as were comprysed in the olde league with this article onely added therevnto Northumberland allotted vnto England that Northumberland being as now replenished most with Danish inhabitaÌ„ts should remaine to the Englishmen and Cumberland with Westmerlande to the Scots vpon this condition that he whiche should succeede as heyre vnto the crowne of Scotlande after the kings deceasse CumberlaÌ„d Westmerland to do homage vnto England being heyre apparant should hold those regions and do homage vnto the king of England as his bassall perpetually for the same The peace being thus established betwixt these nations Indulphe the sonne of Constantine the thyrde was proclaymed prince of Cumberland and inheritour to the crowne of Scotland After this Malcolme passed the residue of his life in good quiet without any troubles of warre as a man onely studying to mainteyne the state of his realme in good order aswell for the wealth of the temporaltie as spiritualtie wherevnto hee was equally inclined At length as he rode about the prouinces of his realme to see the lawes duely ministred at Vlrine a village in MurraylaÌ„d King Malcolme was murthered where he caused iustice to be somewhat streightly executed vpon offendors he was murthered in the night season by treason of a fewe conspiratours â–ª in the .xv. yeare of his reigne The conspirators were put to execution But suche as did this wicked deede with theyr complices by diligent examination were tried out and on the next day being apprehended suffered due execution according as they had deserued The murtherers were torn with horses being torne in peeces with wilde horses and those peeces sent vnto sundry cities where they were hanged vp on the gates and towers vntill they rotted away They that were the deuisers of the murder also procured the doers therevnto The procurers of the murder were staked were thrust through vpon sharpe stakes and after hanged vpon high gybettes and other of the conspirators were put to other kindes of death as the case seemed to requyre The death of Malcolme chaunced in the yeare after the bieth of our Sauiour .959 Here we haue thought good to put you in remembrance 959. that either the Scottes are deceyued in their accompte of yeares The mistaking of the names and times of the English kings in the Scottish wryters or els mistake the names of the kings of Englande for where they waite that this Malcolme â—…equyted this life about the .xxij. yeare of Athelstane king of England that can not be if Malcolmes deceasse chaunced in the yeare .95 or for Athelstane was dead â—…ing before that time to witte in the yeare .940 and â—…ygned but 〈◊〉 â–ª yeares Moreouer where the â—…tishe wryttes maâ—…e mencion of ther warres Scotishe king Edmond that succeeded Athelstan had against Aâ—…lafe and the Danes of Northumberland in the dayes of king Indulfe that succeeded Malcolme it can not stande by 〈◊〉 meanes â–ª if they mistake not theyr accompt of yeares for the same Edmond was slayne in the yeare .1948 But verily thâ—… fault in 〈…〉 of yeares is but to coÌ„mon in the Scottishe historie and thenfore to him that should take vpoÌ„ him tore for 〈◊〉 the ererours thereof in this behalfe it weâ—… necessarie to alter in a maner the whole course of the same historie and therefore â–ª we will not wishe any man to giue any credite vnto theyr accompt in yeares touching the regines of the Englishe kings further than they shall see them to agree with our wryters whome in that behalfe wee may more safely followe and by conferring the same with the Scottishe wryters in some places happely perceyue the true time aswell of the reygnes of theyr kings as of actes done to fall out in yeares and seasons much differing from their accompt whereof to admonish the Reader aswell here as in the English historie wee haue thought it not impertineÌ„t And albeit that some may aske what reason we haue to moue vs to doubt of their accompte of yeares more than we do of that in our owne writers we wil referre the same vnto their iudgements that are learned and haue trauayled indifferently alike aswell in perusing the one as the other without affectioÌ„ But as the errours are sooner founde than amended so haue wee thought good to set downe in the margent of this booke the yeares as we finde them noted in the Scottish wryters specially in places where wee differ any thing from them bicause we will not seeme by way of controlment to preiudice the authours further than by due consideration the well aduised Reader shall thinke it expedient Indulph his answere But Indulph for answere herevnto declared that the league was concluded betwixt Malcolme and Athelstane by great deliberation of aduice and by consent of all the estates of bothe realmes taking theyr solemne othes for the true obseruing thereof so that he coulde not onlesse he shoulde violate that othe attempt any thing to the breache of peace with the Englishmen procuring the iuste indignation of almightie God against him and his people in that behalfe Herevpon the Danes accompting Indulph but a slouthfull and negligent person for this kinde of answeare The Danes not pleased with such an answer procure warnes against EnglaÌ„d as he that regarded not the honour of his realme and people in letting passe so great oportunitie to be reuenged of the Englishmen for the death of suche Scottes as died in the ouerthrow at Broningfield determined not to be noted with the like spotte of reproche but with all speede sending for ayde into Norway prepared to passe ouer into England vnder the conduct of Aualassus The Norwaygians come to the ayde of Aualassus Raynolde a valiant Captayne who ioyning his power with the Norwaygians whiche came to his ayde vnder the leading of a right valiant Captayne called Raynold transported with all speede ouer into Northumberlande vnto whom the gouernour there named Elgarine acknowledging himselfe to be descended of the Danishe bloud Elgarine yeelded the fortes vnto the Danes yeelded all the Castels Townes and Fortes promising to ayde Aualassus against king Edmond to the vttermost of his power These newes comming to the knowledge of Edmond with al speede he gathereth his power and sending into Scotlande for suche ayde as he ought to haue from thence by couenaunts of the league 10000. souldiours sent vnto king Edmond there came vnto him ten thousande Scottishmen with ready willes to serue him in these his warres agaynst the Danes Then ioyning his owne people with those Scottishmen he set forewarde towardes his enimies There were an eyght thousande Northumberland men with Aualassus the whiche vpon the firste
soeuer thing I haue in the worlde the same is ready to do you pleasure But coÌ„cerning the cause of your comming hither in shewing your courtesies therein you shall vnderstande that my parentes whom I truste to be in heauen and as Saintes enioy the fruytes of theyr vertuous trauayles here taken on earth did so instruct me from my tender youth that I should worship with all reuerence the most wise creatour prouident gouernour of all things and to thinke that nothing was done by him in vaine but that the same is prouided ordeyned to some good vse by his highe and insearchable counsell and therefore whylest day and nighte I haue and do reuolue and call to remembraunce the precepts and instructions of my parents His parentes godly instructions what so euer hath chaunced eyther touching aduersitie or prosperitie good happe or bad the same hath seemed to me at the firste receyuing all things with equall and thankefull minde and interpreting them to the beste farre more light than they commonly seeme to others and lesse they did disquiet me so as with vse I haue learned at length not onely paciently to beare all aduersities that may happen but also to receyue the same as things pleasant and euen to be desired And verily my happe hath bene 〈◊〉 â—…he greatly exercised in this behalfe Losse of friendes for I haue firste seene my father more deare do me thaÌ„ any earthly treasure His father and no lesse profitable than greatly desired of all the people and yet neyther the loue of the people nor of his kinsmenne and frendes might warrant him from this fatall necessitie of death His mother I haue knowen my mother right famous in the worlde for hyr singuler vertue to passe hence in like maner His brethren My bretherne that were so louing and againe so greatly beloued of me also my wife whom I esteemed more than all other creatures are they not gone the same way and compelled to beare deaths harde ordinaunce So verily standeth the case that no man might yet at any time auoyde the violence of his force when he commeth Death cannot be dispensed with for we all alike owe this life vnto him as a due debte that muste needes be payd But this is to be receyued with a thankfull minde in that the bountifull beneuolence of our God hath graunted that we shall be all immortall if we our selues through vice and as it were spotted with filthie diseases of the minde do not fall into the danger of eternall death Wherefore of right me thinke I haue cause to reioyce that God by his singular fauour hath graunted to me suche a sonne whiche in all mens iudgement was woorthie to be beloued whilest he was here amongst vs Why are ought to take the death of our children and friendes patiently and to be wished for now after he is departed from hence but ought we to take it heauily that he to whom he belonged and who had sent him vnto vs should call for him again and take him that was his owne For what iniurie is it if when I see occasion I shall aske that againe whiche you haue possessed through my benefite as lent to you for a time Neyther do I truste to want him long if God shal be so mercyfull vnto me as I wishe him to be for I hope shortly to be called hence by commaundement of that most high king and to be carried vp to rest among that felowshippe of heauenly spirites where I shall finde my father and mother my bretherne wife and sonne in far better estate than here I knew theÌ„ Therfore that I may repete it once again I reioyce I say to haue obtained in my son by y e grace of y e supernal God y t I am assured by faith he is already in y e place to the whiche all we do earnestly wishe that we may atteyne and do endeuour by all meanes that when the time coÌ„meth in whiche our soules are to be lâ—…wsed foorth of these frayle bodies of ours as out of prysons they may be found worthie of that companie in which our coÌ„fidence is that he now most blissefully is remayning Except any man may thinke that wee are so enuious that therefore we do lament bicause as yet we sticke fast ouerwhelmed drownes in suche fylthye myres and combered in suche thornye thickets and bushes oute of the whiche he beeing now deliuered of all cares hath escaped But let vs rather by followyng the foote steppes of him and other vertuous persons that are gone afore vs labour both day night that at length through heauenly fauour wee may come to the place where we do recken that by deuine power he is alreadie arriued After that the king had made an end of his Oration and thankes giuen to God for his bountifull munificence they rose from the table and departed to theyr lodgings they all greatly marueyling at the kings highe prudence and godly wisedome After this was Malcolme the eldest sonne of the before mencioned prince Henry Malcolme the sonne of Henry proclaimed prince of scotlande proclaymed in his place prince of Scotlande and conueyed through the moste partes of the realme by Duncane Earle of Fyfe and other of the nobles appointed to attende vpon and to receyue the othes of all the Barons for theyr allegiaunce in his name Erle of Northumberlande William the second sonne of prince Henry was conueyed into Northumberland by the foresayde nobles and there proclaimed and created Earle of that countrey Then went king Dauid himselfe vnto Carleile where he met with Henry the sonne of the Empresse who receyued the order of knighthood there at his hands This was a little before that the same Henry came to an agreemeÌ„t with king Stephen Henry the empresse hir son receyueth the order of knighthode whereby he was admitted to the possession of halfe the realme of Englande and promised by othe of assurance as the Scottish writers saye that he shoulde neuer be aboute to take the counties of Northumberland Cumberland and Huntingdon from the crowne of Scotland Shortly after was king Dauid taken with a sore disease and maladie which continued wyth him to the ende of his lyfe And so when hee perceyued himselfe to waxe faynte and feeble he required to be borne to the Churche where he receyued the sacrament of the Lordes bodie and bloud with most solemne reuerence and then beeing brought againe to hys chamber he called together his nobles and commending vnto theÌ„ his yong nephews the sonnes of his sonne the forenamed prince Henry he kissed eche one of them after an other most instantly desiring them in the honour of almighty God The exhortation of king Dauid to his nobles to seeke the preseruation of common quiet to the aduauncement of the publike weale This done he departed out of this life in the xxix King Dauid departeth out of this life yeare of his raigne
stomacke At length after he had wandred from place to place in sundry partes of Scotlande the better to auoyde the sleightes of them that lay in awayte to apprehende hym King Roberte getteth ouer into the Iles. he got ouer into one of the Iles where comming vnto one of his speciall frendes a man of high nobilitie and wel-beloued of the people in those parts he was most hartily welcome and gladly of him receyued to his great ease and comforte His frendes that laye hidde in couerte and secrete corners hearyng of these his dooings beganne from eche syde to resorte vnto hym His power increaceth by whose assistance shortely after he wan the castell of Innernesse Innernesse castell taken and slew all them that were within there in garryson With the lyke felicitie he got the most part of all the Castels in the north King Roberte commeth to Glenneske rasing and brenning vp the same tyll hee came to Glenneske wher being aduertised that Iohn Cumyn with sundry Englishemen and Scots were gathered againste him bicause hee was vppon a strong groūd he determined there to abide thē but they being thereof infourmed and wondryng at his manly courage durst not approche to giue him battaile but sent Ambassadors vnto him to haue truce for a time vnder colour of some communication for a peace till they might increase theyr power more strongly agaynst him whiche being done they pursued him more fiercely than before Neuerthelesse King Robert receyued them at all tymes in suche warrelike order that they might neuer take him at any aduauntage but were still dryuen backe with slaughter and losse though the same was of no great importance to make account of but suche like as happeneth oftentymes in skirmishes and lyght encounters where the battayles come not to ioyne puissance agaynst puissance The fame whereof yet procured him the fauour of sundrie great Barons in Scotland Iames Dowglas goeth to king Robert Amongest other Iames Douglas a man of great courage and singular valiancie cousin to William Lamberton Bishop of S. Androwes and remayning with the sayde Bishop in householde tooke all the Bishops golde and certaine of his best horses with the which hauing in his cōpanie diuers other hardie yong gentlemen priuie to his doings he fledde with all speed vnto King Robert offring him his seruice and to spende his life in his quarell and defence A craftie dissembling Prelate The Bishop was priuie to his cousins going away yea and counselled him therto though he would by no meanes it shoulde outwardly so appeare for doubt least if things had not come to passe as he wished he might haue run in daunger for his cloked dissimulation The Dowglas was ioyfully receyued of king Robert in whose seruice he faythfully continued both in peace and warre to his liues ende The rising of the Dowglasses to honour Thoughe the surname and family of the Dowglasses was in some estimation of Nobilitie before those dayes yet the rysing thereof to honour chaunced through this Iames Dowglas for by meanes of his aduauncement other of the same king◅ tooke occasion by theyr singular manhoode and noble prowes shewed at sundrie tymes in defence of the Realme to grow to such heigth in authoritie and estimation that theyr mightie puissance in man◅ent landes and great possessions at lēgth was through suspition conceyued by the kings that succeded the cause in parte of their ruinous decay Edwarde king of England hearing of the doings of his aduersarie king Robert doubted if some redresse were not founde in tyme least the Scottes reioysing in the prosperous successe of his sayde aduersarie would reuolt wholy frō the English obeysance and herevpon purposing with all speede to subdue the whole Realme of Scotlande from ende to ende he came with a farre greater armie than euer he had raised before to the borders but before his entring into Scotlande The death of king Edwarde Longshankes he fell sicke of a right sore and grieuous maladie wherof he died shortly after at Burgh vpon sandes as in the Englishe hystorie more plainly it doth appeare The Scottish wryters make mention that a little before he departed out of this worlde The crueltie of king Edwarde as is noted by the Scottish wryters there were brought vnto him .lv. yōg striplings which were taken in the Castell of Kildrummy after it was wonne by the English men and being asked what should be done with them he commaūded they should be hanged incontinently without respect to their yong yeares or other consideration of their innocencies that might haue moued him to pitie After his deceasse Edwarde of Carnaruan sonne to Edward Longshankes his sonne Edward of Carnaruane succeeded in the gouernment of England who following his fathers enterprise called a counsell at Dunfreis sommoning the Lordes of Scotlande to appeare at the same and caused a greate number of them at theyr comming thither to doe their homage vnto him Homage to king Edward of Carnaruan as to their superiour Lorde and gouernour But diuerse yet disobeyed his commaundements and would not come at his summoning vppon trust of some chaunge of fortune by the death of his father for that the sonne was muche giuen as was reported to incline his eare to lewde counsell not without the great griefe of his people and namely of the Lords and chiefe Nobles of his realme Shortly after this the sayde Edwarde of Carnaruane returned into Englande and in the meane time Iohn Cumyn Erle of Buchquhane gathered a mightie armie both of Scottes and English men to resist agaynst king Robert that he might thereby declare his faythfull affection towardes the new English king He trusted onely with multitude of people to cause his enimies to giue place But K. Robert though he was holden with a sore sicknes at that time yet he assembled a power and caused himselfe in a Horselitter to bee caried forth with the same agaynst his enimies who abiding him at a streyght supposed it had bene an easie matter for them to haue put him to flight but it chaunced quite contrarie to their expectation for in the end the Cumyn with his whole armie was discomfited and a great number of King Roberts aduersaries slaine or taken Iohn Cumyn discomfited by king Robert at Enuerrour 1308. This vi◅torie was gotten at a village called Enuerrour tenne myles distant from Abyrdene on the Ascention baye wherewith king Robert was so muche refreshed in contentation of minde that hee was sodenly therevpon restored to his former health The same yeare Donalde of the Iles came with a great armie of English men and Scottes agaynst King Robert Donald of the Iles discomfited by Edward Bruce and was on the feast day of the Apostles Peter and Paule discomfited by Edward Bruce the kings brother at the water of Deyr At this battaile was a right valiant knight named Rowlande slaine of the English parte with a great number of other aboute him and
vnder your graces correction I may prayse the enimie I must iudge to be Robert Bruce king of Scotlande whome the Herald had no sooner named The Heralde is scorned but all those that were presente with skornefull laughter began to ieast at the Heraldes presumption for that he durst so malapertly in the kings presence honour the enimie with so high prayse At length at the Heraldes request the King commaunded them to be styll the Harold then began againe thus The Herauld◅ excuse I beseeke youre highnesse sayd he if I haue oughte offended to take my words in good part for I haue bene euer of this opinion that the trouth should in euery case bee vttered receiued and allowed in your graces presence namely where your highnesse commaundeth any man to declare the same The Heraulds opinion This one thing therefore I shall desyre you to consider that if a man must needes bee vanquished it is lesse dishonoure to bee vanquished of him that is knowne for a right valiant personage than of him that is but a coward Moreouer to shew playnly vnto your grace how much I esteeme the valiancie of king Robert whom I perceiue some here may not abide to haue numbred with the .ij. former most valiant capitains if the trouth mighte appeare I durst be bold to preferre him with good cause before them both for the valiaunt actes atchieued by Henry the Emperour may be ascribed rather to the wisedom of his counsellors than to hys own valiantnesse and prudencie The opinion of the herauld concerning K. Roberts valiancie but contraryly King Robert being confined out of his coūtrey and destitute of frendes and all conuenable ayde recouered the realme of Scotlande by his singular manhood out of the handes of your noble father and established it with suche tranquilitie that he appeared more terrible to his enimies of Englande than euer they hadde bin afore to hys subiects of Scotland These or the semblable wordes vttered by the Heraulde were well allowed of the kyng and stopped the mouthes of them that tooke the matter so straungely at the first But now to return to the purpose King Roberte a little before the tyme of his death called togither into the chamber where he lay the chiefest peeres of his realme and there in presence of them all committed vnto them the gouernment of his sonne Dauid a child as then not past seuen yeares of age He also aduised them of sundry things touching the rule of the Realme after his decease whiche he perceyued was at hand The aduice giuen by K. Robert vnto his nobles before his decease And first he counselled them that in no wyse they should at any tyme make an absolute lord ouer the Iles bycause the people of the same are of nature vnstedfast soone seduced broughte to moue rebellion againste the Kyng into the which beeing once fallen they are not easily reduced to their due obedience againe by reason theyr countreys are of suche strength that they can not be approched but by sea as enuironned with the same Secondarily hee aduised them neuer to appoynt any sette battayle with the Englishmen nor to ieoparde the realme vpon the chaunce of one fielde but rather to resist and keepe them off from endomaging their countrey by often skirmishing and cutting them off at straits and places of aduauntage to the intent that if Scottes be discomfited they maye yet haue some power reserued to make new resistance Thirdly he forbad them in any wise to make any long peace with Englande for naturally men ware dull and slouthfull by long reste and quietnesse so that after long peace through lack of vse and exercise of armes men are not able to sustaine any great paines or trauaile Moreouer he alledged how the Englishmen woulde continue in peace no longer than there wanted oportunitie and conuenient occasion for them to attempt the warres and therfore he iudged it best that the Scottes shoulde neuer conclude any perpetuall peace with them nor take any truce longer than for three or foure yeares at the moste He willed them farther to consider one thing that when there appeared least occasion of warres with England then they ought to be moste circumspecte in aduenture their enimies should come at vnwares and fynde them vnprouided for tymely resistance Herevnto hee desired them His desire to haue his hart◅ borne to the holy sepulchre that after his deceasse they woulde choose some one of the moste worthie captaines within the whole realme to beare his heart vnto Hierusalem and there to see it buried within the temple before the holy Sepulchre of our Lorde For if he had not bin for a long space hyndered by vrgent businesse of warres at home and lastly preuented by death he had vowed to haue passed with an army into the holy lande in defence of the christian faith againste the Turks and Sarasins Herevpon when he was dead the lordes by one assent appointed sir Iames Dowglas Sir Iames Douglas appointed to goe with K. Roberts heart to the sepulchre to take this enterprise in hande who willingly obeyed their order as he that had euer dutyng the lyfe of king Roberte serued moste faithfully the bodie wherin the same hart was inclosed And for this cause The cause why the Douglasses bear the bloudye heart the Douglasses beare the bloudy heart in their armes Syr Iames Douglas then chosen as moste worthy to passe with king Robertes heart vnto the holy lande chosed the same in a case of golde enbalmed with sweet spices and right precious oyntments And herewith hauing in his companie a number of nobles and gentlemen amongst whome sir William Synclare and sir Robert Logan were chiefe he passed foorth tyll he came to the Citie of Ierusalem where hee buried the hart aforesayd with al reuerence and solemnitie that he might d◅ise This done he resorted with such number as he had brought thither with him vnto such other Christian princes as at the same tyme were gathered with great puissance The valiancie of Iames Douglas shewed againste the Turkes from sundry partes of Christendome to warre against the Turkes and there in companye with them he did so noble seruice agaynst the common enimies of our religion that by his often victories he wan great honour to the Christian name At lengthe hauing accomplished his charge in those parties with no lesse fame and glorye than princely magnificence he toke the seas to haue returned home into Scotland Iames Douglas cōmeth a land in Spayn but by force of contrary wynds he was driuen on the coast of Spayne landyng there vppon the bordures of Granado where at the same tyme he found the king of Aragone readie to make warres against the Sarasins that inhabited in those parties The Douglas to make his manhod and prowes the more knowne in all partes where hee came offered the king of Aragone to serue vnder hym in those warres against the infidels and
sonnes deathe and that neyther she nor any other durst breake the matter vnto hir husbande she deuised a shifte how to signifie that to hym by outwarde signes whyche by worde of mouth she was afrayde to expresse The policie of Thira to signifie to hir husband the death of theyr sonne Canute as thus She caused moorning apparell to be made for hir husbande and putting off hys royall robes cladde hym therewith and other thyngs apperteyning to moorners she also put about hym and prepared all suche furniture and necessaries as were vsed for funerall exequies witnessing the lamentable griefe conceyued for the losse of some friende with that kinde of mourning weede and funerall ceremonies Whiche when Gurmo perceyued Woe is mee saith hee you then signifie the death of my sonne Canute Wherevnto shee made aunswere that hee and not shee dyd discouer the trueth of that whiche was meante by those moorning garmentes and with that speeche ministred cause of hir husbandes deathe whereby shee became presently a Widdowe not openly moorning for hir sonne before shee mourned like wise for hir husbande for hee tooke suche griefe for Canutes deathe that immediately he dyed through sorowe and dolor Gurmo dyeth of sorowe so as Thyra was thus â—…riuen to lamente as well the deathe of hir sonne as of hir husbande both at once but nowe to the purpose of the Irish historie Yee haue thus partly hearde what the Danishe writers doe recorde in their histories touchyng the Conquestes whych theyr people made in Irelande but whether the same bee meante of that whyche goeth before or rather of that whiche followeth touchyng the trade whyche the Norwegian Merchauntes vsed 〈◊〉 or whether the Irishe writers haue passed these iourneys ouer with silence whiche the Danishe writers in forme as before is touched doe make mention of I cannot affirme But lykeâ—… is that as the Danes or Normans whether you will call them dyd inuade Irelande as well as England France and Scotlande in those days according to the reporte of theyr writers and that by way of open warre as well to conquere the countrey as to take prayes prisoners and booties and not for trade of Merchandise onely albeit that they myghte peraduenture so get entrie at the firste as by the Irish histories it should seeme they dyd shortly after the slaughter of Turgesius and afterwards when they saw theÌ„selues setled and perceyued that they beganne to growe to be enuyed of their Irishe neybors who therevpon woulde not sticke to molest them as occasions serued they saw no better meane to assure themselues against their aduersaries than to send vnto their couÌ„treymen which in those dayes roued abrode as before I haue said in euery quarter of this our west Ocean wayting for oportunitie to aduance their conquests in each countrey where any thing might be gotteÌ„ and so this may agree very well with the Irishe writers whome as I do not take vppon me to controll but rather to report the historie as I find it by them writteÌ„ I will proceede with the order whiche they followe After the countrey was deliuered of the tyrannie wherewith it was oppressed by the same Turgesius and his people Danes or NorwegiaÌ„s whether they were for so Cambrensis esteemeth them the Irishe deliuered of seruile bondage fell to their old wonted vomit in persecuting each other and hauing lately defaced theyr fortifyed Townes and Castels as receptacles couertes for the enimie all sides lay more open to receyue harme This beeing perceyued and throughly considered the Princes that in y e late rule of Turgesius had espied some towardnesse to wealth ease fell in hand to discourse the madnesse and folly of their auncestors whiche sawe not the vse of that which their enimies abused they begunne to loth their vnquiet trade of life to wish eyther lesse discord or more streÌ„gth in each mans dominion to cast the danger of naked countreys ready to call in the enimies as the strength of fortes and Castels was a meane to preserue them from losse Fayne would they haue prouided remedie in this case if they had knowne how The former subiection though it seemed intollerable yet they felt therein proceeding steppes towards grace The gayne that rose of MerchaÌ„dise rest and suretie to the whole estate of the Countrey For the differeÌ„ce was great betwixt the endeuors of the two nations Norwegians and Irish The first knew the way to thriue might they get some commodious seates and soyle The other had commodities plentie and cared not for them While the Princes and Potentates stayed vpon suche a good consideration certayne Merchants of Norway Denmarke of other those parties called 〈◊〉 or as in our vulgar laÌ„guage wee tearme them Easterlings bycause they lie East in respect of vs Easterlings began to trade into Irelande although indeede they are by other named properly Normans and partly Saxons obteyned licence safely to arriue here in Ireland with their wares and to vtter the same Herevpon the Irish through traffike and bartering with these Normans or Danes for so are they called also in our English Chronicle by exchanging of wares and money finding them ciuill and tractable and deliting also with gay concents brought into them by those MerchaÌ„ts such as till they sawe them they neuer esteemed needefull they began to enter into a desire that a trade mighte be open betwixt them and the other nations where vpon to allure other they licenced these MerchaÌ„t strangers to build They builde townes on the Sea coasts if they thought good hauen Townes in places most commodions this was no sooner graunted than begunne and with speede finished Then by the help and counsell of these men many Castels Fortes Steeples and Churches euery where were repaired And thus are the Irishe mingled also with the bloud of the Danes Norwegians or Normans who from thencefoorth continually flocked into Irelande to the greate commoditie of the inhabitants liuing amongst them obediently till welth pricked and moued them to reyse rebellion but they could not haue holden out had not the conquest ensuing determined both their quarrels The Merchant straÌ„gers moue Rebellion In the meane while they became Lordes of the hauens and burrowe townes planted men of warre in the same and oftentimes skirmished with their aduersaries but yet measured their fortune with indifferent gain and exept no higher than the same woulde gyue them leaue The fielde of Clontars onely a memorie is left of their fielde in Clontars where diuers of the Irishe nobilitie were slayne that lie buried before the Crosse of KylmaynaÌ„ These are by our author not without good iudgemeÌ„t reported to be Danes which people then beeing Paganes sore afflicted Englande and after that France from whence they came again into England with William Conqueror so that those people called Ostomanni Esterlings NormaÌ„s Danes NorwegiaÌ„s Suedeners are in effect al one nation borne in y t huge region called Scandinauia The seuerall names of
Iustice might haue possessed the Iles if they had bene worth the keeping into the which Iles except the sayd Darcy the Earle of Sussex late Lieutenant of Irelande no gouernor at any time yet aduentured At Darcyes comming backe into Irelande and exercising the office of Lorde Iustice he deliuered Walter Birmingham out of the Castell of Dublin Howe a Realme of warre might bee gouerned by one both vnskilfull and vnable in all warlike seruice Articles or questions How an officer vnder the king that entred very poore might in one yeare grow to more excessiue wealth than men of great patrimonie and liuelode in many yeares Howe it chaunced that sithe they were all called Lordes of theyr owne that the soueraigne Lord of them all was not a pennie the rycher for them The chiefe of them that thus seemed to repine with the present gouernment was Thomas Fitz Maurice Erle of Desmonde through whose maintenance and bearing out of the matter the Countrey was in great trouble so as it had not lightly beene seene that suche contrarietie in myndes and dislyking had appeared amongest those of the English race in that realme at any time before Herewith Raufe Vffort was sent ouer Lord Iustice who bringing hys wyfe wyth him 1343 Raufe Vffort Lord iustice the Countesse of Vlster arryued about the .xiij. of Iulie Thys man was verye rygorous and through perswasion as was sayde of his wyfe he was more extreeme and couetous than otherwyse hee woulde haue beene a matter not to bee forgotten The Countesse of Vlster for if thys Ladie had beene as readie to moue hir husbande to haue shewed hymselfe gentle and mylde in his gouernment as she was bent to pricke him forwarde vnto sharpe dealing and rygorous proceedings shee had beene nowe aswell reported of as shee is infamed by theyr pennes that haue regystred the doyngs of those tymes And whilest hee yet remayned in Mounster he deuised wayes how to haue the Earle of Desmonde apprehended whiche being brought to passe hee afterwarde deliuered him vpon mainprise of these sureties whose names ensue Sureties for the Earle of Desmonde William de Burgh Earle of Vlster Iames Butler Earle of Ormonde Rycharde Tuyt Nicholas Verdon Maurice Rochefort Eustace le Power Geralde de Rochefort Iohn Fitz Robert Power Robert Barry Maurice Fitz Girald Iohn Wellesley Walter le Fant Richard Rokelley Henrie Traherne Roger Power Iohn Lenfaunt Roger Power Mathew Fitz Henrie Richarde Walleys Edmonde Burgh sonne to the Earle of Vlster knightes Dauid Barry William Fitz Gerald Foulke de Fraxinus Robert Fitz Maurice Henry Fitz Berkley Iohn Fitz George de Roche Thomas de Lees de Burgh These as ye haue heard were bounde for the Earle and bycause hee made default the Lorde Iustice verily tooke the aduauntage of the bonde agaynst the mainpernours foure of them onely excepted the two Earles and two knightes Vffort euill spoken of The lord Iustice is charged with strayte dealing by wryters in this behalfe for that the same persons had assisted him in his warres agaynste Desmond but truly if we shal consider the matter with indifferencie he did no more than law reason required For if euery surety vpō forfeyture of his bonde shoulde be forborne that otherwyse doth his duetie what care woulde men haue eyther to procure sureties or to become suretyes themselues But such is the affection of wryters specicially when they haue conceyued any mislyking towardes those of whome they take occasion to speake so as many a worthie man hath bene defamed and with slaunder greatly defaced in things wherein he rather hath deserued singular commendation But howsoeuer this matter was handled touching the Earle of Desmonde Ioy conceyued for the death of the lord Iustice Vffort vpon the death of the Lord Iustice whiche ensued the nexte yeare Bonfyres were made and greate ioye shewed through all the Realme of Irelande His Ladie verily as shoulde appeare was but a miserable woman procuring him to extortion and bryberie Much he abridged the prerogatiues of the Churche and was so hated that euen in the sight of the Countrey he was robbed without rescue by Mac Cartie notwithstanding he gathered power and dispersed those Rebels of Vlster Robert Darcy was ordeyned Iustice by the Counsell 1346 Robert Darcie Lord iustice till the kings letters came to sir Iohn Fitz Morice who released Fitz Thomas Earle of Kildare left in durance by Vfford at his death Iohn Fitz Morice Iustice Fitz Morice continued not long but was discharged and the Lorde Walter Birmingham elect to succeede in that rowmth Lord Birmingham Iustice who procured a safeconduct for Desmonde to pleade his cause before the King by whome he was liberally entreated and allowed towarde his expences there twentie shillings a day at the Princes charge in consideration of whiche curtesie shewed to hys Kinnesman the Earle of Kildare accompanied with dyuerse Lordes Knightes and chosen Horsemen serued the King at Calyce a towne thought impregnable and returned after the winning thereof in greate pompe and ioylitie 1347 ◅ecord Tur. Wee finde that Thomas Lorde Berkeley and Reignalde Lord C◅bham and Sir Morice Berckley became main◅ernours for the sayde Earle of Desmonde that hee shoulde come into England and abide such tryall as the law would awarde 1348 The Prior of Kilmaynam Baron Carew Iustice Sir Thomas Rokesby Iustice Record Tur. Iohn Archer Prior of Kylmaynam was substituted Lieutenaunt to the Lorde Iustice To whome succeeded Baron Carew and after Carewe followed Sir Thomas Rokesbye Knight vnto whome was assigned aboue his ordinarie retinew of twentie men of armes a supplie of tenne men of armes and twentie Archers on Horsebacke so long as it should bee thought needfull Greate mortalitie chaunced this yeare as in other partes of the worlde so especially in places aboute the Sea coastes of Englande and Irelande 1349 In the yeare following departed this life Alexander Bignor Archbishop of Dublin Iohn de Saint Paule Archbishop of Dublin And the same yeare was Iohn de Saint Paule consecrated Archbishop of that sea This yeare deceased Kemwryke Shereman sometime Maior of Dublin 1350 Kenwrike Shereman a great benefactor to euery Churche and religious house within .xx. myles rounde aboute the Citie His legacies to the poore and other besides his liberalitie shewed in his lyfe tyme amounted to three thousande Markes Sir Robert Sauage In this season dwelled in Vlster a wealthie knight one sir Robert Sauage who the rather to preserue his owne began to wall and fortifie his Manor houses with Castelles and pyles against the Irish enimie exhorting his heyre Henrie Sauage to applie that worke so beneficiall for himselfe and his posteritie Father quoth yong Sauage I remember the prouerbe Better a Castell of bones than of stones where strēgth courage of valiant men are prest to helpe vs neuer will I by the grace of God comber my selfe with dead walles My fort shall bee where soeuer yong blouds be
whereof hee him selfe had the chiefe charge as the Kings lieuetenaunt And therfore determined not to suffer it any longer And herevpon verily rose the contention betwixte them whiche the Englishe souldydars that were there did greatly encrease fauouring the Earle as the Kyngs vncle and couteâ—…ning the lieuetenaunt as a straunger borne by meanes whereof the foresayde Sauarye doubting least if he shoulde fight with his enemies and throughe suche discorde as was nowe amongest them be put to the worse the faulte shoulde bee laide wholy in his necke 〈◊〉 Maâ—… 〈◊〉 Frenâ—… he secretely departed and fledde to Lewes the Frenche Kyng who was lately come to the Crowne of Fraunce by the deathe of his father king Philip as you before haue hard The Frenche Writers affirme that Kyng Lewes recouered out of the Englishmens hands the Townes of Niorte Saint Iohns d'Angeli and Rochell before that Sauar de Mauleon reuolted to the French part In deede the Chronicle of Dunstable sayth Dunstable that after the truce tooke ende thys yeare the Frenche Kyng raysed an army and tooke Niort and after they of Saint Iohn d'Angeli submitted themselues to hym From whence hee went to Rochelle within the whiche at that presente was the sayde Sauary de Mauleon with seuenty Knightes and Richarde Gray with Geffrey Neuille who had in their retinue sixtie Knightes These with the forces of the Towne fallied foorth and encountring with the Frenche army slewe many of their aduersaries and lost some of their owne people Yet after this the Frenche Kyng besieged the Towne and in the ende wanne it whilest the King of Englande being occupied about the assieging of Bedforde Castell neglected to sende them within Rochell necessary succoures The Poictouins lend to King Henry But Polidor Vergill writeth that now after that Sauary de Mauleon was become the FreÌ„ch Kings man the Poictouins sente vnto Kyng Henry signifying that they were ready to reuolt from the Frenche Kings subiection and yeelde themselues vnto him if hee woulde sende vnto them a power of men to defende their countrey from the French men Nowe Kyng Henry hauyng receyued these letters enterteyned them that brought this message very curteously and promising them to send ouer ayde with all expedition he caused his nauie to be made ready for that voyage In the meane time the Frenche Kyng sente foorthe an army vnder the leading of Sauary de Mauleon who then tooke Niort and Rochelle placing in the same sundry garrisons of Souldiers but chiefly Rochâ—… he fortified Rochelle whiche had bin long in the Englishmens handes and alwayes serued them to very good purpose for the handsome landing of their people when any occasion required The Frenche Kyng therefore hauing got it fortifyed it and meant to keepe it to the intente the Englishmen shoulde not haue heereafter in tyme of warre so necessary a place for their arriuall in those coastes Mat. 〈◊〉 It was moreouer decreed that at a certayne day after Easter there shoulde bee an inquisition taken by the Inquest of a substantiall Iury for the seuering of Forrestes Forresâ—… the newe from the olde so as all those groundes whyche hadde bin made Forrestes sith the dayes of Kyng Henry the Graundfather of this Henry the third shoulde bee disforrested And therevppon after Easter Hugh de Neuile and Brienne de Lisle were sente foorthe as Commissioners to take that inquisition By force whereof many wooddes were asserted and improued to arrable land by the owners and so not onely men but also dogges whyche for safegarde of the game were accustomed to lose theyr clawes hadde good cause to reioyce of these confyrmed liberties In the meane tyme and about the feast of the purification King Henry hauing iust occasion to pursue the warre for recouery of those townes taken as before you haue hearde by the Frenchmen sente ouer hys brother Richarde whome hee had made Earle of Cornewall and Poictow â—… Paris â—…dor with a mighty nauie of Shippes vnto Gascoigne This Earle hauing in his company the Earle of Salisbury Phillip de Albanie and others with prosperous winde and weather arriued at Burdeaux with foure hundred sayles â—…e hunâ—… hath â—…in and there landing his men went straighte vnto the Towne of Saint Machaire situate vppon the banke of Garon where vppon his firste comming he gate the Castell and sacked y e Towne and then passing further â—…nes won â—…e Engâ—…en wanne dyuers other Townes as Louguile Bergerat and other and after wente with greate diligence to besiege and recouer Rochell or rather Riole The French K. aduertised of the Earles arriuall and of these hys atchieued enterprises The Earle of Marche hath Math. Paris sente foorthe by and by the Earle of Champaigne with a mighty army into Guyenne to ayde his people there About the same time the Earle of Salisbury returning homewards out of Gascoigne was so toffed and turmoyled on the Seas by tempestes of weather â—… death of â—…arle of â—…bury 〈◊〉 Par. that hee fell sicke thereof and within a few dayes after hys arryuall dyed This yeare also there came foorth a decree froÌ„ the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury and his suffraganes â—…es conâ—…esâ—…â—…n Chriâ—…buriall that the concubines of Priestes and Clearkes within orders for so were theyr wiues then called in contempt of their wedlocke should be denied of Christian buriall except they repented whylest they were aliue in perfect healthe or else shewed manifest tokens of repentaunce at the tyme of their deathes The same decree also prohibited them from the receyuing of the pax at Masse time and also of holy bread after Masse so long as the Priestes kept them in their houses or vsed their company publiquely out of their houses Moreouer that they shoulde not bee purified when they shoulde be deliuered of childe as other good women were withoute that they found sufficient suretie to the Archdeacon or his officiall to make satisfaction at the next Chapter or Courte to be holden after they should be purified And y e Priests should be suspeÌ„ded which did not present all such their concubines as were resiaunt within their Parishes Also all such women as were coÌ„uict to haue dealt carnally with a Priest wet appointed by the same decree to doe open pennance This yeare or as some haue in the nexte the Kyng graunted to the Citizens of London free warreyn that is to meane libertie to hunt within a certaine circuite about London and that all weites in y e Thames shuld be plucked vp and destroyed Also in this ninth yeare of his raigne K. Henry graunted to the Citizens of London that they might haue and vse a common seale About the time of the making of whiche ordinaunces An. Reg. 10. A Legate from the Pope Mat. Paris Otho y e Cardnal of S. Nicholas in Carcere Tullcano came as Legate from Pope Honorius into England to King Henry presenting him with letters from the Pope The tenor whereof when the Kyng hadde well
Earthquake An Earthquake to the great feare of the Inhabitantes of the towne of Huntington â—…eÌ„ other places thereabout A death After this came a great death amongest the people beeing commonlye euer a companion to great famin and death The nexte day Richarde Marshall hauing thus got the victorie destroyed certaine houses and Lordshippes there in the Marches which belonged to the sayde Iohn of Monmouth About the selfe time also Richard Sward with other outlawes destroyed the possessions belonging to the Erle of Cornwal beside Brehull Mat. Par. and also there burned a place called Segrane where Stephen de Segraue the lord chiefe Iustice was borne and likewise a village belonging to the Bishop of Winchester not farre from Segraue aforesayde This was the maner of those outlawes that they burnt no person but onely those counsaylers about the king by whome they were exiled We find also that the Bishop of Winchester and his son or kinsman as some haue called him Peter de Riuales had procured the king to send commission vnder his seale vnto the foresayd noble men in Ireland that if the said Erle of Pembroke Richard Marshall chaunced to come thyther they should do their best to take him and in reward of their paynes they should enioy all his lands and possessions which he held in that countrey But after his death and when the king had remoued those his Counsailers from him he confessed he had put his seale to a wryting but that he vnderstood what were the contents thereof hee vtterly denied Finally such was the end of this worthie Erle of Pembroke Richard Marshall a man worthie to be highly renowned for his approued valiancie His death surely was greatly bewayled of king Henrie openly protesting that he had lost the worthiest captain that then liued After this the Lordes that had remayned in Wales by safecoÌ„duct came to y e king through the diligent trauaile of the Archbishop of Canterburie he receyued them into fauour Amongest them were these men of name Gilbert Marshall the brother of the foresayde Richarde Marshall Polidor Mat. Par. Hubert Earle of Kent Gilbert Basset and Rychard Sward beside diuerse other Vnto Gilbert Marshall he deliuered his brothers inheritaunce and vpon Whiesunday made him knight giuing vnto him the Rodde of the office of Marshall of his Court Gilbert Marshall Earle of Pembrooke according to the maâ—… to vse and exercise as his anncesters had done before hym And herewyth the Earle of Kent Gyâ—… Bossâ—… and Richarde Swarde were receyued againe into the Court and admitted to be of the kings 〈◊〉 Counsaile â—…ne after this Peter de Rinâ—… Stephen â—…aue and Robert Passelew were called to accountes that it might appeare howe the â—…ngs treâ—…e was spent and how they had vsed themselues with the kings seale Officers called to accountes The two last remembred kept themselues out of the waye and coulde not bee founde Stephen Segraâ—…e â—…eowdyng himselfe in secrete within the Abbay of â—…eycoster and Robert Passeâ—…ew feyning himselfe sicke held him secret within the new Temple at London Peter de Rinales also with his father the Bishop of Winchester tooke sanctuarie at Winchester for they were afrayde least their bodies shuld not be in safetie if they came abrode bicause they vnderstoode that their manors grange places were spoyled and burnt by those that bare theÌ„ displeasure At length yet vnder the protection of the Archbishop of Canterburie they came to their answere and were sore charged for their â—…st â—…ing trayterous practice great faâ—…d vsed in â—…me of their bearing office and as it appeareth by wrâ—…s they could but sorily cleare theÌ„selues in most matters wherewith they were charged but put by reason of their protection they were restoreâ—… to the places froÌ„ whence they came or else otherwise shifted of the matter for the time so that vâ—…e â—…d not of any great bodily punishmeÌ„t which they should receyue as then And at length also were pardoned and reconciled vnto the kings fauour vpon paiment of such fines as were assessed vpon them This yeare bycause the truce ended betwixt the Kings of Englande and Fraunce The truce ended King Henrie sent ouer to ayde the Earle of Brytayne Welcâ—… sent 〈◊〉 the ayâ—… the Earlâ—… Bryâ—… threescore knightes and two thousande Welche men the which wheÌ„ the French king came with his armie to enter and inuade Brytayne did cut off and take his cariage laden with vittailes armour and other prouision ouerthrowing also no smal number of the French men and taking from them their horses returned backe in safetie without hurt or notable damage receyued Yet after this the French king enforcing againe his power waxed too strong for the Earle of Brytayne so that he was constrayned to take a truce to endure till the feast of all Saintes that hee mighte in the meane tyme vnderstande if the King of Englande woulde come ouer with some puyssant armie to hys ayde or no but bycause it was perceyued in the ende that the sayde Earle of Brytayne sought nothing else but how to get money out of King Henries Coffers and to doe him no pleasure for it bycause he was in maner at an other agreement alreadie with the King of Fraunce King Henrie refused to satisfie his requestes at such time at hee came ouer vnto him after the taking of that truce for more money Herewith also the sayd Erle being offended got him back into his own country The Earâ—… Brytayâ—…â—…mittâ—… selfe to â—… French â—… shortly after apparantly submitted himself to the French K. which as the report went he had done before in secrete These things being thus brought to passe An. reâ—… 123â—… Polidoâ—… Fabian and all troubles quieted the king as theÌ„ being at LoÌ„don there was brought before him by one Tolie a coÌ„plaint exhibited agaynst the Iewes of Norwich which had stolen a yong childe being not past a .xij. monthes olde and secretly kept him an whole yeare togither to the ende that hee myght when Easter came crucifie him in despite of our sauiour Iesus Christ and the christian religion the matter as it happened fel out well for the lad for within a fewe dayes before that those cursed murtherers purposed to haue shed this innocents bloud they were accused conuicted and punished whereby he escaped their cruell handes â—…at Paris About the same tyme to witte the seuenth of Februarie died Hugh de Welles Bishop of Lincolne a great enimie to Monkes and Religious men Robert Grosted was then preferred to hys roumth a man of great learning and trayned vp in scholes euen from his infancle This yeare the Bishop of London pronounced the sentence of excommunication against certaine vsurers called Caorsini Math Paris â—…surers called Câ—…orsini But bycause the same vsurers shadowed themselues vnder the pretext of the Popes marchants as they named theÌ„selues they did so much by the fauor of the court of Rome that the sayde Bishop being sicke
suffice one man a day Wheate was sold at London for foure Markes the quarter and aboue Then after this dearth and scarcitie of vittayles 〈…〉 and mortalitie of people so that what by wâ—… of the Scottes A sore mortalitie of people and what by this mortalitie and â—…th the people of the lâ—… were wonderfully wasted consumed Edwarde Bruce before the feast of Easter returned againe into Irelande with the Earle of Murrey and other noble meÌ„ of Scotland hauing with them a great armie and besieged the Castel of Knockfergus and after they were to another Castell where they tooke a Baron prisoner and there Edwarde Bruce lay for a season Also Richard erle of Vlnester lay in Some Maries Abbey by Dublyn where the Maior and coâ—… of the Citie tooke him put him in prison within the Castel of Dublin They also slue his men and spoyled the Abbey After this the foresayd Edwarde Bruce went to Liâ—…erike after the feast of Saint Mathew the Apostle and there soiourned till Easter was past and in the meane while Roger de Mortimer the kings deputie arriued at Waterford with a great armie by reason whereof Edwarde 〈◊〉 Bruce for feare departed Iohn Fiâ—… Thomas Earle of Kildare got him into the vttermost parts of Vlnester and Iohn Fitz Thomas was made Erle of Kildare Also Oâ—…eoner of Connaigh and many other Irishe men of Connagh and Meth were slaine neare to Iury by the Englishmen of those parties There was a great slaughter also made of the IrishmeÌ„ neare vnto Thistildermote by the Lord Edmond Butler an other also at Baliteham of Omorth by the same Edmonde The Lord deputie deliuered the Erle of Vlnester out of prison 1317 after Whitsuntide banished out of Meth sir Walter Lacie sir Hugh Lacie gyuing their laÌ„ds away froÌ„ them vnto his knights and they went ouer into ScotlaÌ„d with Edward Bruce who returned thither about that time Crokesden The death still encreased as by some wryters it should appeare In the .xj. yeare of king Edwarde the second his raigne An. reg 11. Ri. Southwel 1318 Berwike betrayed to the Scottes vpon the Saterday night before Midlent Sunday the town of Berwik was betrayed to the Scots through the treason of Peter Sâ—…ding The Castell helde good a while tyll for want of vittayles they within were constrayned to deliuer it into the Scottish mens hands who wan also the same time the Castell of Harâ—…tell Werke Medford so that they possessed the more part of all Northumberland Castels wonne by the Scots euen vnto Newcastell vpon Tine sauing that certaine other castels were defeÌ„ded against them In May they entred with an army further into the laÌ„d burning all the country afore theÌ„ till they came to Ripon which towne they spoiled and tarying there three dayes they receyued a thousande markes of those that were gotte into the Churche and defended it against them for that they should spare the town and not put it to the fire as then Lorde â—…readie done the townes of Northalleâ—… and Bourghbridge as they came forwardes Northalerton and Bourghbridge burnt In their going backe they burnt Knaresbourgh and Skipton in Crauen which they had first sacked and so passing through the middest of the Countrey burning and spoyling all 〈◊〉 them they 〈◊〉 into Scotlande wyth a marueyloâ—… gâ—…â—…titude of Cattell besyde prysoners 〈…〉 women and no â—…all number of peâ—… 〈◊〉 which they tooke with them to helpe 〈…〉 Catell An. reg 12. Additions to Triuet The king and the Earle of LaÌ„caster made friends In the .xij. yeare of Edwarde the secondes raigne in August the king and the Erle of Lancaster came to talk togither in a plain beside Leicester where they were made friends to the outward shew so that in the yeare next following the sayd Erle went with the king to the siege of Berwike About the feast of the Natiuitie of our Ladie the two Cardinals which were yet remaining in England sent forth coÌ„maundements vnto al the prelates priests within the realme that three times in euery solemne Masse Robert Bruce pronounced accursed they should denouÌ„ce Robert Bruce that called himself king of Scotland accursed with all his counsailers fautors and on the behalfe of the Pope they depriued him by denunciation of all honor and put al his lands vnder interdiction disabling all their children to the second degree that held with him to receiue or take vpoÌ„ theÌ„ any ecclesiastical function They dedenounced also all the Prelates of Scotland and men of religion exempt and not exempt excommunicate and accursed Hen. Marl. The Lord Roger Mortimer returned again into England and Alexander Bicnor was made chiefe Iustice of Irelande Also Edward Bruce w t sir Walter sir Hugh Lacie bringing with them a great armie returned out of Scotland and arriued at Dundalke on the day of S. Calixt the Pope But neare to the same place sir Iohn Brimingham Richarde Tute Tho. VVals Continuation of Triuet Miles of Verdon with a power of 1324. men encountred them and slue the said Edwarde le Bruce and aboue the number of .8200 men or as other haue but .5800 The sayd 〈◊〉 Birmingham brought the heade of Eâ—… Bruce ouer into England and presented it to the king Whervpon the king in recompence of hys seruice gaue vnto him the Erledome of â—…ordâ—… to hold to him his heyres Males the Baâ—… of Athied to him and his heyres generall About this season or somewhat before 〈◊〉 Midsommer as Southwell hath a naughtie â—…low called Iohn Poydras or as some 〈◊〉 haue Ponderham a Tanners sonne of Ciâ—… comming to Oxford and there thrusting hâ—… into the kings hall that stood without the 〈◊〉 gaue forth that he was sonne and right heâ—… of king Edwarde the first and that by meanes of a false nurse he was stolen out of his cradle and this Edward the seconde being a Carters sonne was brought in and layde in his place so that 〈◊〉 by reason thereof was afterwards hardly 〈◊〉 and brought vp in the north part of Wales At length being layd for he fled to the Câ—… of y e white Friers in Oxforde trusting there to be safe through y e immunitie of the place bicause K. Edward the first was their founder But wheÌ„ he could not keepe his tongue but still fondly vttâ—… his folly and stood in his opinion so that great â—…mor thereof was raysed he was at length 〈◊〉 out of that Church and caried to Northampton where he was there arraigned condemned and had forth to a place in the Countrey called theÌ„ copped Oke where he was drawne hanged and as a traytor bowelled At the houre of his death he coÌ„fessed that in his house he had a spirite in likenesse of a cal whiche amongst other things assured him that he should be king of England 1319 â—…tidâ—… 〈…〉 In this season to witte in the yeare .1319 a great râ—…yne and death of cattell
the realme to rebellion and further hadde soughte the destruction and losse of his lyfe that was his soueraigne Lorde and lawfull kyng Contrarily the Dukes affirmed that their brother was wrongfully put to death The Kyng and the Dukes recoÌ„ciled hauing done nothing worthy of death At length by the intercession and meanes of those noble menne that went to and fro betwixt them they were accorded and the kyng promysed from thenceforth to doe nothyng but by the assent of the dukes but he kept small promise in this behalf as after wel appeared Caxton When the tyme came that the Parliamente should be holden at Westminster according to the tâ—…nour of the summonance the Lordes repaired thither furnished with great retinues both of armed men and archers as the Erle of Darbie the Erle Marshall the Erle of Rutland the Lorde Spenser the Erle of Northumberlande with his sonne the Lorde Henry Percie and the Lord Thomas Priâ—…ie the sayde Erles brother also the Lord Scrope Tâ—…asourer of Englande and dyuers other All the whiche Earles and Lordes brought with them a great and strong power euery of them in their best aray as it wer to strengthen the king against his enimies The dukes of Lancaster and Yorke were likewyse there giuing their attendance on the king with lyke furniture of men of armes archers There was not half lodging sufficient within the Citie and suburbes of London for suche companies of men The greate Parliament as the Lordes brought wyth them to this ParliameÌ„t called the great Parliament insomuche that they were constrayned to lye in villages abrode .x. or .xij. myles on ech side the Citie The Kinges greâ—…aâ—…ces opened in this Parliament In the beginning of this Parliament the K. greatly complayned of the mysdemeanour of the peeres and lordes of his realme as 〈…〉 â—…ges done against his will and pleasâ—… 〈…〉 was yong as for the â—…ruite dealyng 〈…〉 had shewed towards the Queene who was 〈◊〉 houres at one time on her knees before 〈◊〉 Arundell for one of hiâ—… esquires named Ioâ—… 〈◊〉 who neuerthelesse had his head smile 〈◊〉 his sâ—…oulders al the answere that she could gâ—… was this Madame pray for your selfe and yâ—… husbande for that is beste and lette this â—…ite alone Those that set foorth the kings greâ—… â–ª as prolocutors in this Parliamente were these Thom. VVâ—… Iohn Bâ—…e VVâ—…am â—…got Tâ—… Greeâ—…e Iohn Bushy WilliaÌ„ Bagot Thoâ—… 〈◊〉 The king had caused a large house of 〈◊〉 to be made within the Palaice at Westminstre A nevve â—…e made vvith the Pallace of VVestminstres for the â—…ment of the Lordes 〈◊〉 whiche was called an Hall couered aboue heade with tyles and was open at the endes that all men myght see thorough it This house was of so great a compasse that vnâ—…th it mighte 〈◊〉 within the roomth of the palaice In this 〈◊〉 was made an high throne for the Kyng and a large place for all estates besides to 〈◊〉 in There were places also made for the appellanteâ—… to stande on the one syde and the defendants on the other and a lyke roomth was 〈◊〉 behynde for the knights and burgesses of the Parliament Additions to Policrâ—… There was a place deuised for the speaker named Sir Iohn Bushy a knight of Lincolneshire Sir Ioh. Bushy speaker accompted to be an exceeding euill man ambicious and couetous beyond measure â–ª Immediatly after eche man being placed in his roomth the cause of assembling that parliamente was shewed as that the kyng had called it for reformation of diuers transgressions and oppressions committed against the peace of hys lande by the Duke of Gloucester the Earles of Arundell Warwicke and others Then sir Io. Bushy stepte foorth and made request on the behalfe of the communaltie that it myghte pleasâ—… the kings highnesse for their heinous acts attempted against his lawes and royal maiestie to appoint them punishment according to their deseruings and specially to the Archb. of Canterbury The archebishop of Canterburie sitting in parliament is accused of treason by the speaker who then sat nexte the K. whom he accused of high treson for that he had euil couÌ„selled his maiesty inducing him to grauÌ„t his letters of pardon to his brother the Erle of Arundel being a ranke traytor When the Archbishop began to answer in his own defence the K. willed him to sit downe again and to hold his peace for al shuld be well Herewith sir Io. Bushy besought the Kyng that the Archebishoppe shoulde not bee admitted to make his answer which if he did by reason of his great wit good vtteraÌ„ce he feared least he shuld lead men away to beleue him so y e Archb. might be heard no further Sir Iohn Bushy in all his talke when hee proponed any matter vnto the King did not attribute to him titles of honour due and accustomed but inuented vnvsed toâ—…nâ—…s and such strange names as were rather agreable to the diuine maiestie of God Impudent flatâ—…e than to any â—…ly potentate The Prince being desirous â—…ough of all honour and more ambitious that was â—…quisite seemed to like wel of his speech and gaue good care to his talke Thus when the Archbish was constrained to kepe silence sir Iohn Bushy procured in his purpose requiring on the behalf of the coÌ„mons that the Charters of pardons graunted vnto the traitors to witte the Duke of Gloucester and the Earles of Arundel and Warwike should be reuoked by consent of all the estates nowe in parliament assembled The King also for his parte protested that those pardons were not voluntarily grauÌ„ted by him but rather extorted by compulsion and therfore he besought them that euery man wold shew foorth their opinions what they thought thereof There were two other persons of greate credite with the King besides sir Iohn Bushy Tho. VVals that were as before yon haue heard very earnest to haue those Charters of pardon reuoked and made voyde to witte sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Greene. But bicause this matter semed to require good deliberation it was first put to the Bishops who with small adoe gaue sentence that the sayde Charters were reuocable and might wel inough be called in yet the Archbishop of Canterburye in his answere herevnto sayde that the K. from whome those pardons came was so hygh an estate that he durst not say that any suche charters by him granted might be reuoked notwithstanding his brethren the bishops thought otherwyse not considering sayth Thomas Wals that such reuoking of the kings Charters of pardon shoulde sound highly to the kings dishonor â–ª forsomuche as mercie and pardoning transgressions is accompted to bee the confirmation and establishing of the kings seate and royall estate The temporal lords perceiuing what the Bishops had done did likewise giue their consents to reuoke the same pardons but the iudges with those that were toward the law were not of this opinion but finally the Bishops pretendyng a
seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had bin giuen to them at or since the last Parliament belonging aforetime to anye of those persons whome they had appealed and all other theyr Castels Manours Lordships lands possessions rentes seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer whiche they helde of the late kings gyft the day of the arrest of the sayd Duke of Gloucester or at any tyme after shoulde also remaine in the kings disposition from thenceforth and al letters patents and Charters which they or any of them had of the same names Castels Manours Lordships landes possessions and liberties should bee surrendred vp into the Chauncerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this Parliament to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mennes myndes that were sore displeased with their doings in the late kings dayes as nowe it manifestly appeared The hatred which the coment had committed against the appell◅ for after it was vnderstoode that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people agaynst the king the Archbishop of Canterburie the Earle of Northumberlande and other of the Counsaile for sauing the liues of men whome the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in any wise to liue But the King thought it best rather with curtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of theyr friendes and allyes which were many and of no small power After that the foresayde iudgement was declared with protestation by Sir William Thirning Iustice The Earle of Salisbury has request the Earle of Salisburie came and made request that he myght haue his protestation entred agaynste the Lorde Morley whiche Lorde Morley rysing vp from his seate sayde that so hee myght not haue bycause in hys firste aunswere he made no protestation and therefore he was past it nowe Sir Mathew Gourney The Earle prayed daye of aduisement but the Lorde Morley prayed that hee might lose his aduauntage sith he had not entred sufficient plea agaynst him Then sir Mathew Gourney sitting vnderneath the king said to the Earle of Salisburie that forsomuch as at the fyrst daye in your aunsweres yee made no protestation at all none is entred of recorde and so you are past that aduauntage and therfore asked him if he would say any other thing Then the Earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was graunted The erle of Salisbury mainprised and so the Erle of Kent sir Rauf Ferrers sir Iohn Roche sir Iohn Drayton knightes mainprised the sayd Erle bodie for bodie For the Lord Morley all the Lorde◅ and Barons offred to vndertake and to be sureties for him but yet four of them had their names entred that is to wit The L. Morlei mainprised the Lordes Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkley they had day till the Friday after to make theyr libell The Lord Fitz Walter After this came the Lorde Fitzwater and prayed to haue day and place to arraigne his appeale agaynste the Erle of Rutland The king sayde he woulde send for the Duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he sayde he woulde proceede in that matter Many statutes were established in this Parliament as well concerning the whole bodie of the common wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted maye appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presently liuing which partly we haue touched and partly for doubt to be ouer tedious The Archb. of Canterbury restored to his see we doe omit but this among other is not to be forgottē that the Archbishop of Canterburie was not onely restored to his former dignitie being remoued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue hearde but also the sayde Walden was established Byshop of London wherewith he seemed very well contented Tho. VVals Hall Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henry alredie created as heyre to his father to the crown Prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester was also intituled Duke of Aquitaine to auoyde all tytles claymes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of y e crown vnto king Henrie the fourth The crowne i◅iled and to the heyres of his bodie lawfully begotten his foure sonnes Henrie Thomas Iohn and Humfrey being named as to whom the right should discend successiuely by way of intaile in case where heyres fayled to any of them By force of this act king Hērie thought himselfe firmely set on a sure foundation not needing to feare any storme of aduerse fortune But yet shortly after he was put in danger to haue bene set besides the seate by a conspiracie begon in the Abbot of Westminsters house as after shall appeare The Scottes in time of the late Parliament taking occasion of the absence of the Northern Lords and also by reason of great mortalitie that afflicted the northren people that yeare The castel of wark taken by the Scots Sir Tho. Gray inuaded the borders tooke the Castel of Warke that was assigned to the safe keeping of sir Thomas Grey knight who then was at the Parliament as one of the knights of the shire by incanes of whose absence the enimies the sooner as is to be thought obteyned theyr desire and so kept that Castell a certaine time and finally spoyled it ouerthrew it to the ground Besides this they did many other mischiefes in the Countrey The death of the Duke of Norfolke to the vndoing of many of the kings subiects This yeare Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke dyed in exile at Venice whose death might haue beene worthily bewayled of all the realme if he had not bene consenting to the death of the Duke of Gloucester The same yeare deceassed the duches of Glocester through sorrow as was thought The duches of Glocester deceaseth which she conceyued for the losse of hir sonne and heyre the Lorde Humfrey who being sent for forth of Ireland as before ye haue heard was taken with the pestilence and died by the way But now to speake of the conspiracie whiche was contriued by the Abbot of Westminster as chiefe Instrument thereof Ye shall vnderstande that this Abbot as it is reported vppon a tyme hearde king Henrie say when hee was but Earle of Darbie Nall and yong of yeares that Princes had too little and religious men too muche He therefore doubting nowe What moued the Abbot of Westminster to conspire against the K. least if the king continued long in the estate hee woulde remoue the greate beame that then grieued his eyes and pricked his conscience became an Instrument to search oute the mindes of the Nobilitie and to bring them to an assemble and counsaile where they myght cōsult and cōmen togither how to bring that to effect which they earneslly wished and desired that was the destruction of king Henry and the restoring of king
inuentions caused many to belieue the brute reised by y e Countesse of Oxforde for the whiche they came into trouble were apprehended and committed to prison The Countesse hir selfe was shut vp in close prison and all hir goodes were confiscate The Countes of Oxforde committed to prison and hir Secretarie drawen and hanged that had spred abroade this fained reporte in going vppe and downe the Countrey blowing it into mens eares that King Richard was aliue His secretarie executed affirming that he had spoke with him in suche a place and suche a place apparrelled in this raymente and that rayment with such like circumstances About the feast of Sainte Iohn Baptist at the kings commaundement the Earle of Northumberlande came to Ponfret The Earle of Northumberlande cometh to the king and broughte with him his nephewes his nephewes sonnes whereby hee cleared himselfe of a greate deale of suspition many doubting before his comming that he had giuen euill counsell to the yong mē whereby to moue them to Rebellion Sir William Clifford br◅geth Serlo to the king and to withstand the King Sir William Clifford also came with the Earle and brought the foresaid Serlo with him whome he had apprehended vppon hys comming to hym at Berwike in hope to haue founde succoure at his handes in consideration whereof the King pardoned the sayde Sir William Clifforde of his disobedience shewed in keeping the Castell of Berwike against hym in whyche doing he had committed manifest treason This Serlo beeing knowen to bee the men that had beene the chiefe murtherer of the Duke of Gloucester Serlo examined for the duke of Glo◅cesters death when he was made away at Calais was diligently examined who were helpers with hym in the execution thereof and after what sorte they made him away Serlo knowing there was no way with him but deathe would not vtter and other but confessed for hys owne parte hee was worthy for the wicked deede to dye tenne thousande deathes and shewed suche outward appearance of repentaunce that many sore lamented his case and promised to hyre Priestes to sing Masses as the manner was for hys soule of theyr owne costes and charges He was condemned to dye at Ponfret and was drawen from thence through euery good Towne through whiche those that hadde the conueyance of him He is drawen through euery good towne He is executed at London passed with him till they came to London where hee was executed and confessing euery thing to be true cōcerning his wicked pretence as before is recited and further that when he perceyued how their counterfaite practise would come to light and be openly reuealed he meant to haue retourned into Fraunce but wanting money he thoughte to haue bin relieued with some portion at the hande of the sayde Syr William Clyfforde and this caused hym to come vnto Berwyke to shewe hym his necessitie who to make his owne peace didde apprehende hym and present hym to the king as before ye haue heard An. reg 6. King Henrie wantyng moneye in the feaste of Saint Faythe the Virgin assembled at Couentrie hys hyghe Courte of Parliamente in the whiche the Lorde Stephen Scrope of Masham and the Lorde Henry Fitz Hugh obteyned first to haue places of Barons Moreouer it is to bee noted that thys was called the lay mannes Parliamente The lay mens Parliament bycause the Sheriffes were appoynted to haue a speciall regarde that none shoulde bee chosen Knightes for the Counties nor burgesses for the Cities and Townes that hadde anye skill in the lawes of the lande Thys was done and when they came togither to talke of the waightie affayres of the Realme specially howe the King mighte bee relieued with money to beare suche charges as hee was knowen to bee at as well in defending the Realme from the Scottes and Welchmenne at home as from the Britaines Flemings and Frenchmen abroade it was thoughte most expediente that the Spiritualtie shoulde bee depriued of theyr temporall possessions Strife betwixt the laitie and spiritualtie to the reliefe of the Kings necessitie Heerevpon rose great altercation betwixt the Cleargie and the laitie the Knightes affirming that they had oftentimes serued the King not onely with theyr goodes but also with their persons in great daungers and ieoperdies whylest the Spiritualtie sate at home and help the king nothing at all The Archbishop of Caunterbury aunswereth for his breethren Thomas Arundell Archebyshop of Caunterburie stoutely aunswered heerevnto that the Cleargie hadde alwaye gyuen to the King as muche as the laytie hadde done considering they had oftner gyuen theyr tenthes to hym than the laytie theyr fifteenes also that more of theyr tenauntes wente forthe into the Kyngs warres than the tenauntes of them of the lay fee. Beside thys they prayed daye and night for the Kyngs good successe agaynste his enimies Sir Iohn Cheyny speaker of the Parliament The Archb. ◅eth When the speaker named sir Iohn Cheynie in replying by playne speache seemed little to esteeme suche prayers of the Church the Archbishoppe was sette in a great chafe and with sharp wordes declaring what hee thoughte must needes followe both of the Kyng and Kyngdome when prayers and suffrages of Churchmenne came to be so little sette by hee grewe to suche impatiencie that hee flatly tolde the speaker that although hee seemed little to esteeme of the Religion of the Cleargie hee woulde not haue him to thynke that hee shoulde take awaye the possessions of the Churche without fyndyng suche as woulde seeke to withstande hym He spake like a Lorde for if sayde hee the Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie maye liue thou shalte haue here takyng awaye of any manner thyng that hys is After this when the Archebyshoppe perceyued that the Kyng winked at these matters hee rose from hys place and comming before the Kyng kneeled downe and besought hym to consider howe through the fauour and grace of the almightye God hee hadde atteined to the Kyngdome and therefore hee ought to remember hys firste purpose and intente whyche was to saue vnto euery man hys ryght so farre as in hym laye Hee willed hym lykewise to haue in consideration the othe which he willingly hadde receyued that is that hee shoulde aduaunce the honor of the Churche and the Ministers thereof cherishe and maynteyne Also to haue in mynde the daunger and dishonor that redounded to suche as brake their othes so that hee besoughte hym to permitte and suffer the Churche to enioye the priuiledges and liberties whyche in tyme of hys predecessors it hadde enioyed requesting hym to stande in a◅e of that Kyng by whome all Kyngs dyd raigne and to feare the censures and condemnation that those incurred whyche tooke and deteste from the Churche anye good or right belonging to it who most certaynely sayde hee are accursed When the Archebyshoppe hadde vsed this or the lyke speeche The Kings aunswere to the Archb. the Kyng commaunded hym to goe to hys feate
and diuine prouidence seemeth expediente Hall During this his last sicknesse he caused hys Crowne as some write to be set on a pillow at his beddes head and suddaynely his pangs so sore troubled him that he lay as though all hys vitall spirites had bin from him departed Such as were about him thinking verily that hee had bin departed couered hys face with a lynnen cloth The Prince his sonne being heereof aduertised The prince taketh away the crowne before his father was dead entered into the chamber tooke away the Crowne and departed The father beeing suddainely reuiued out of that traunce quickly perceyued the lacke of his Crowne and hauing knowledge that the Prince his sonne had taken it away He is blamed of the king His answere caused him to come before his presence requiring of him what hee meante so to misuse himselfe the Prince with a good audacitie aunswered Sir to mine and all mens iudgementes you seemed dead in this worlde wherefore I as your nexte heyre apparant tooke that as myne owne A guiltie conscience in extremitie of sicknesse pincheth sore and not as youres well faire sonne sayde the King with a greate sigh what right I had to it God knoweth well quoth the Prince if you dye King I wil haue the garland and trust to keepe it with the sword against all mine enimies as you haue done then sayd the King I commit all to God and remember you to vse well and with that turned himselfe in his bedde The death of Henrye 〈◊〉 and shortly after departed to God in a chamber of the Abbots of Westminster called Ierusalem the twentith daye of Marche in the yeare 141â—… and in the yeare of his age .46 when he had raigned .13 yeares fiue monthes and odde dayes in greate perplexitie and little pleasure We fynde Fabian that hee was taken with his last sicknesse while hee was making his prayers at Sainte Edwardes shrine I caÌ„ not think he was so 〈◊〉 ready to sâ—… forward whatsoeuer Fabian writeth 〈◊〉 there as it were to take his leaue and so to proceede forthe on hys iourney hee was so suddaynely and greeuouslie taken that suche as were about him feared least he woulde haue dyed presently wherefore to relieue him if it were possible they bare him into a chamber that was nexte at hande belonging to the Abbot of Westminster where they layde him on a pallet before the fier and vsed all remedyes to reuiue him at length hee recouered hys speeche and vnderstanding and perceiuing him selfe in a strange place which he knewe not hee willed to know if the chamber had any perticular name wherevnto aunswere was made that it was called Ierusalem Then saide the king landes bee gyuen to the father of Heauen for nowe I knowe that I shall dye heere in thys chamber according to the prophecie of me declared that I shoulde depart this life in Ierusalem His stature This King was of a meane stature well proportioned and formally compact quicke and deliuer and of a stoute courage In his latter dayes he shewed himselfe so gentle that he gate more loue amongst the nobles and people of this Realme than he had purchased malice and euill will in the beginning but yet to speake a troth by his proceedings after hee had atteined to the Crowne what with such taxes tallages subsedies and exactions as hee was constreyned to charge the people with and what by punishing suche as moued with disdeyne to see him vsurpe the Crowne contrarie to the othe taken at hys entring into this lande vppon his returne from exile did at sundry times rebell against him hee wanne himselfe more hatred than in all hys lyfe time if it had bin longer by many yeares than it was had bin possible for him to haue weeded out and remoued and yet doubtlesse worthy were his subiects to tast of that bitter cuppe sith they were so readie to ioyne and clappe handes with him for the deposing of their rightfull and naturall Prince King Richarde whose chiefe fault rested only in that that he was too bountifull to his friendes and too mercifull to his foes specially if he had not bin drawen by others to seeke reuenge of those that abused his good and curteous nature But nowe to returne to the matter presente The Duke of ClareÌ„ce immediately vpoÌ„ knowledge hadde of his father King Henry the fourth his death returned out of Guyenne into Englande with the Earle of Angolesme and other prisoners But nowe to rehearse what writers of oure English nation liued in the days of this Kyng that renowmed Poete Geffreye Chaucer is worthily named as principall a man so exquisitely learned in all sciences that hys matche was not lightly founde anye where in those dayes and for reducing our Englishe tong to a perfect conformitie hee hath excelled therein all other He departed this life about the yeare of our Lord .1402 as Bale gathereth but by other it appeareth â—…ine that he deceassed the fiue and twentith of October in the yeare .1400 and lyeth buried at Westminster in the South parte of the great Church there as by a monumente erected by Nicholas Brigham it dothe appeare Iohn Gower discended of that worthye familie of the Gowers of Stitenham in Yorkeshire as Leland noteth studyed not only the commoÌ„ lawes of this Realme but also other kindes of literature and grew to greate knowledge in the same namely in poeticall inuentions applying his endeuor with Chancer to garnish the Englishe tong in bringing it from a rude vnperfectnesse vnto a more apt elegancie for whereas before those dayes the learned vsed to write onely in latine or Frenche and not in Englishe oure tong remayned very barreyne rude and vnperfect but now by the diligent industrie of Chaucer and Gower it was within a while greately amended so as it grew not only to be very riche and plentifull in wordes but also so proper and apt to expresse that which the minde conceyued as any other vsuall language Gower departed this life shortly after the deceasse of his deere and louing friend Chaucer to witte in the yere 1402. beeing then come to great age and blinde for a certaine time before his death He was buried in the Church of Saint Mary Queries in Southwarke Hugh Legate borne in Hertforde shire and a Monke of Sainte Albons wrote Scholies vpon Architreuius of Iohn Hanuille and also vppon Boetius de Consolatione Roger Alington Chancellor of the Vniuersitie of Oxford a greate Sophist and an enimie to the doctrine of Wicklife Iohn Botrel a Logitien Nicholas Gorham borne in a village of the same name in Hertfordshire a Dominike Frier fyrst proceeded master of arte in Oxforde and after going to Paris became the French Kings confessor and therefore hath bin of same taken to be a Frenchman Iohn Lilleshull so called of a Monasterie in the West parties of this Realme whereof hee was gouernour Walter Disse so called of a Towne in Northfolke where he
enuyed against the surmised and vntruely feyned lawe Salike The Salike lawe whiche the Frenchmen alledge to defeate the Kyngs of England of their iust and rightfull title clayme and interest to the Crowne of Fraunce the â—…ery words of which law are these In terram Salâ—…am mulieres ne succedant that is to saye lette not women succeede in the land Salique which the Frenche glosers expounde to bee the Realme of Fraunce and y t this law was made by K. â—…aramond wheras yet their owne authors affirme that y e land Salique is in Germanie betweene y e riuers of Elbe and Sala and that wheÌ„ Charles the great had ouercome the Saxons hee placed there certaine Frenchmen which hauing in disdeine the vnhonest maners of the Germain women made a lawe that the females shoulde not succeede to anye inheritance within that lâ—…de which at this day is called Meiseu Misâ—… so that if this be true this law was not made for the Realme of France nor the Frenchmen possessed the land Salique til four C. 21. yeares after the deathe of Pharamond their supposed maker of this Salique lawe for this Pharamond deceassed in the yere 426. and Charles y e great subdued y e Saxons and placed the Frenchmen in those partes beyond the riuer of Sala in the yeare 805. Moreouer it appereth by their owne writers that King Pepine whiche deposed Childerike claymed the crowne of Fraunce as heire general for that he was descended of Blithild daughter to king Clothair the froste Hugh Capet also which vsurped the Crowne vpon Charles duke of Lorrayne the sole heâ—…re male of the lyne and stock of Charles the great to make his title seeâ—… true and appeare good thoughe in deede it was starke naught conueyde himselfe as heyre to the Lady Lyngard daughter to king Charlemayn sonne to Lewes the Emperor that was sonne to Charles the great King Lewes also the tenth otherwyse called Saint Lewes being very heire to the said vsurper Hugh Capet coulde neuer be satisfyed in his conscience howe he might iustely kepe and possesse the crown of France til he was perswaded and fully instructed that Queene Isabell his grandmother was lyneally descended of the Lady Ernrengarde daughter and heyre to the abouenamed Charles duke of Lorayn by the whiche mariage the bloud and lyne of Charles the great was againe vnited and restored to the crowne and scepter of France so that more clerer than the Sunne it openly appeareth that the title of king Pepyn the clayme of Hugh Capet the possession of Lewes yea and of the Frenche kynges to thys daye are deryued and conueyed from the heire female thought they woulde vnder coldure of suche a fayned Lawe barre the Kings and Princes of this realme of England of theyr ryghte and lawfull inheritance The Archebishoppe further alledged oute of the booke of Numeri thys faying â–ª When a man dyeth without a sonne let the inheritance discende to his daughter At length hauing said sufficientely for the proofe of the kings â—…uste and lawfull title to the Crowne of Fraunce hee exhorted hym to aduance forth his banner to fight for hys ryghte to conquere hys inheritaunce to spare neither bloud swoord ne fire sith his warre was iust his cause good and his clayme true And to the intent his louyng Chapleyns and obediente subiectes of the Spiritualtie myghte shewe them selues wyllyng and desyrous to ayde hys maiestie for the recouerie of hys aunciente righte and true inheritaunce the Archbishoppe declared that in theyr spirituall Conuocation they had graunted to his highnesse suche a summe of money as neuer by no spiritual persons was to any Prince before those dayes giuen or aduaunced The Earle of Westmerland â—…adeth the 〈◊〉 to the coÌ„â—… of Scotlande When the Archbishoppe hadde ended his prepared tale Rafe Neuill Erle of Westmerland as then Lorde Warden of the marches aneynst Scotlande and vnderstandyng that the kyng vpon a couragious desire to recouer his right in Fraunce would surely take the warres in hand thought good to moue the Kyng to begin fyrste wyth Scotlande and therevpon declared how easye matter it shoulde bee to make a conquest there a howe greatly the same should further his wished purpose for the subduyng of the Frenche menne concludyng the suâ—…me of hys tale with thys olde saying That who so wyll Fraunce wynne mâ—…st with Scotlande fyrst beginne Manye matters he touched as well to sheâ—… howe necessary the conquest of Scotland should be as also to proue howe iust a cause the Kyng â—…dde to attempte it truâ—…yng to perswade the Kyng and all other to be of his opinion But after he had made an ende the Duke of â—…cester vncle to the Kyng a man well learned and wyse who hadde bene sente into Italye by his father The duke of â—…ceter hys vvyse and pythy ansvvere to the Earle of VVestmerlandes saying intendyng that he should haue bin a Priest replyed agaynste the Earle of Westmerlandes Orations affirmyng rather that hee whiche woulde Scotlande winne with France muste firste beginne For if the Kyng myghte once compasse the conqueste of Fraunce Scotlande coulde not long resyste so that conquere Fraunce and Scotlande woulde soone obeye A true saying For where shoulde the Scottes learne pollicye and skill to defende them selues if they had not theyr bringyng vp and traynyng in Fraunce If the Frenche pencions maynteyned not the Scottishe Nobilitie in what case shoulde they be Then take away Fraunce and the Scottes will soone be tamed Fraunce beeyng to Scotlande the same that the sappe is to the tree which beyng taken awaye the tree muste needes dye and wyther To be briefe the Duke of Excester vsed such earnest and pithy perswasions to induce the king and the whole assemblie of the Parliamente to credite hys woordes that immediately after he hadde made an ende all the companye beganne to crye Warre warre Fraunce Fraunce and the bill putte into the Parliament for dissoluing of Religious houses was cleerely forgotten and buryed and nothyng thoughte on but only the recoueryng of Fraunce accordyng to the title by the Archebishoppe declared and set foorthâ—… And vpon this poynte after a fewe actes for the wealthe of the Realme established and decreed the Parlyamente was proroged vntoo Westmynster Some write that in this Parliament it was enacted that Lollards and Heretikes with their maynteyners and fauourers shoulde be ipso facto adiudged guiltie of high treason but in the statute made in the same Parliament against Lollardes wee fynde no suche wordes Albeeit by force of that Statute it was ordeyned that beyng conuicte and executed they shoulde lose theyr Landes holden in Fee simple and all other theyr goodes and cattalles as in cases of Felonye Ambassadors from the FreÌ„ch K. and from the Duke of Burgoigne During this Parliament ther came to the K. Ambassadors as wel from the French king that was then in the gouernance of the Orlienâ—…iall faction as also from the Duke of Burgoigne for ayde agaynst
accomplished the death and destruction of his naturall Prince and moste worthie soueraigne Lord not as a common homicide and butcherly murtherer but as a regicide destroyer of his king After whose piteous death execrable murther the right and title of the Crowne and superioritie of this Realme was lawfully reuerted and returned to Roger Mortimer Earle of Marche sonne and heyre to Ladie Philippe the onely childe of the aboue rehearsed Lionell Duke of Clarence to whiche Rogers daughter called Anne my most dearest and welbeloued mother I am the verie true and lineall heyre whiche discent all you cannot iustly gainsay nor yet truely denie Then remember this if the tytle be mine why am I put from it If I bee true heyre to the Crowne as I am in deede why is my ryght withholden If my clayme bee good why haue I not iustice For surely learned men of great science and knowledge saye and affyrme that lineall discent nor vsurped possession can nothing preuayle if continuall clayme bee lawfullye made or openly published For the auoyding of which scruple and ambiguitie Edmonde Earle of Marche my moste welbeloued Vncle in the tyme of the firste Vsurper in deede but not by right called King Henrie the fourth by hys cousins the Earle of Northumberlande and the Lorde Percie he beeing then in captiuitie wyth Owen Glendor the Rebell in Wales made hys tytle and righteous clayme to the destruction of both the noble persons Likewise my most deerest Lorde and father so farre set forth that right and tytle that hee lost his life and worldly ioy at the towne of Southhampton more by power than indifferent Iustice Sithe whose death I comming to my full age haue neuer desysted to pursue my tytle and requyre my right whiche by meanes of sinyster counsayle and iniust detention I can neyther obteyne nor recouer So that of fine force I am compelled to vse power in steade of prayer and force in steade of request not as I sayde before for my priuate emolument and peculiar profite but to restore peace loue and quietnesse to thys oure naturall Region which euer sith the first vngodly vsurpation of the aforenamed Henrie vntruly called king Henrie the fourth hath beene clearely banished and oute of the same iniustlye exyled What murthers and manslaughters hathe beene perpetrated and committed wythin thys Countrey sithe the begynning of that vngracious vsurpation what number of noble men haue beene slaine destroyed and executed sithe that infortunate day It is to lamentable and manifest For although Henrie of Lancaster Earle of Darbye tooke vpon hym the Scepter and the Crowne and wrongfullye bare the name and style of a King and was not muche tickled wyth myne Vncle the Earle of Marche at that tyme being wythin age yet was he neuer in suretie of himselfe nor had or enioyed any profite quietnesse either in minde or in bodie For surely a corrupt conscience neuer feeleth rest but looketh when the sworde of vengeance wil discende and strike his son also called king Henrie the fifth obteyned notable victories immortal praises for his noble actes done in the realm of FraÌ„ce yet God for y e offeÌ„ce of his vntrue parent sodenly touched him vnbodying his soule in the flower of his youth and in the glorie of hys conquest And although he had a fayre sonne and a yong apparant heyre yet was this orphan such a one as preachers saye that God threatned to sende for a punishment to his vnruly vngracious people saying by his Prophet Esay I shal giue you children to be your Princes and infants without wisdome shall haue the gouernaunce of you The Prophet lied not if you note all things in an order for after this Henrie the fift whose fame no man can iustly reproue or deface succeded his sonne whom all we haue called our naturall Prince and obeyed as his heyre in whose time wrongfull raigne I require you diligently to consider with what great torments and afflictions God hath whipped and scourged this miserable Isle yea with such and so many scourges and plagnes as no nation the Egiptians only except were euer tormented or afflicted withal I wil not speake of rebellious murthers oppressions which of late haue beene done and exercised here among vs But I will declare manifest to you how the crown and glory of this realm is by the negligence of this silly man and his vnwyse counsail minished defaced and dishonored Is not Normandie which his father gate regained coÌ„quered again by y e insolencie of him and his couetous counsaile Is not the whole duchie of Aquitaine by two C. and odde yeares peaceably possessed by the kings of this realme in one yere and a little more gotteÌ„ out of our hands seigniory What shoulde I speake of Aniou and Maine or the losse of the Isle of France with the rich Citie of Paris Alas it is too apparaunt neither will I molest you with the recitall of all the particulers thereof But now in the middest of this affliction and to make an ende of the same God of his ineffable goodnesse looking on this countrey with hys eies of pitie and mercie hath sent me in the truth to restore againe his decayed kingdome to hys ancient fame and olde renowne whereof here in open Parliament according to my iust and true title I haue and do take possession of this royall throne not putting diffidence but firme hope in Gods grace that by his diuine ayd and assistance of you the Peeres of this realme I shall beautifie and mainteyne the same to the glorie of him honour of my bloud and to the publique wealth as well of you all here present as of all the poore Commons and subiectes of this kingdome and regiment When the Duke had made an ende of hys Oration the Lordes sate styll as men stryken into a certayne amasednesse neyther whispering nor speaking forth a worde as thoughe theyr mouthes had bene sowed vp The Duke not verie well content with their strange silence aduised them to consider throughly and ponder the whole effect of his wordes and sayings and so neyther fully displeased nor yet altogither pleased departed to his lodging in the kings Palace While he was declaring thus his tytle in the chamber of the Peeres there happened a straunge chaunce in the verie same instaunt amongest the Commons in the neather house then there assembled Prodigious â—…kens for a Crowne whiche did hang in the middle of the same to garnishe a braunch to see 〈◊〉 vppon without touche of any man or rygour of wind sodainly fell downe And at the same time also fell downe the Crowne which stoode on the toppe of the Castell of Douer whiche chaunces were interpreted by the common people to be as signes that the Crowne of the Realme shoulde bee deuided and chaunged from one lyne to an other The Lordes of the Realme forgotte not the Dukes demaunde and therfore to take some good direction therein dyuerse of
hauen Yet the twentith of Iuly the whole nauie of the Englishemen made out and purposed to sette on the Frenchmē but in setting forward through to much follye The Marye Rose drovvned by negligence one of the Kings shippes called the Marye Rose was drowned in the myddest of the hauen by reason that she was ouer laden with ordinaunce and had the Portes lefte open whiche were very lowe and the great artillerie vnbreeched so that when the ship shold tourne the Water entred and soddainely shee sunke In hir was sir George Carewe knight and foure hundreth souldioures vnder his guidyng There escaped not paste fortie persons of all the whole number The morrowe after aboute two thousand of the Frenchmen landed in the Isle of Wight where one of their chiefe Capitaynes named le Che◅alier Daux Frenchmen distressed in the Isle of VVight a Prouancoys was slayne with manye other and the residewe wyth losse and shame driuen backe agayne to their galleyes The King perceyuyng the greate Armada of the Frenchmen to approche caused the beacons to be fiered by letters sent into Hampshire Sommersetshire Wi◅shire and into diuers other countries adioining gaue knowledge to suche as were appointed to bee ready for that purpose to come with all speede to encounter the ennemies Wherevpon they repaired to his presence in great numbers well furnished with armour weapon bictualles and all other things necessarie so that the Isle was garnished all the fronters alongst the coastes fortified wyth exceedyng greate multitudes of men The Frenche Capitaynes hauyng knowledge by certaine Fishermen which they tooke that the king was present and so huge a power readie to resiste them they disancred and drew along the coaste of Sussex and a small number of them landed againe in Sussex of whom fewe retourned to their Shyppes for dyuers Gentlemen of the countrey as Sir Nicholas Pellham and others with such power as was reysed vpon the suddayn tooke them vp by the way and quickly distressed them When they had searched euery whereby the coaste and saw men still readie to receiue them with battaile they tourned sterne and so gotte them home agayne wythout any acte atchieued worthie to be mencioned The number of the Frenchmen was greate so that diuers of them that were taken prisoners in the Isle of Wyght and in Sussex The number in the Frenche nauie dyd reporte that they were three score thousande The Frenche King aduertised the Emperour moste vntruely by letters that his armye had gotten the Isle of Wight with the Ports of Hampton and Portesmouth and diuers other places In Auguste following The Earle of Hertford forrayeth the middle marches of Scotlande the Earle of Herteford entred againe into Scotland with twelue thousande men and destroyed all the Towns in the myddle Marches brente Coldyngham Abbey and passed to the Weaste Marches sore annoying and endomagyng the Scots and yet neither they nor the Frenchmen that were sente into Scotlande this yeare to the ayde of y e Scots vnder y e ledyng of Monsieur de Lorges Montgomerie his father durst once come forth into the field to encounter with him Also in the beginnyng of this Moneth the Citie of London set forthe a thousande Souldiors of archers harquebusiers pikes and bills The Londoners set foorth a povver into Fraunce whiche went to Douer and so passed ouer vnto Callais to serue the King in his warres on that side the seas The same Moneth that valiant Capitaine Sir Thomas Poinyngs Knyght The death of the valiaunt L. Poynings Lorde Poinings and the kings lieuetenant of his town Marches of Bolongne departed this lyfe after hee hadde to hys great honour atchieued many worthye enterprises in seruyce of hys Prynce agaynste the ennemyes so that hys deathe was muche lamented A Gentleman vndoubtedlye deseruing to bee hadde in perpetuall memory and pitie it is that diuers suche valiant feates as he in his life time atchieued were not committed to writing to remain for examples sake to posteritie Also the same moneth at Guilford died the noble and valiaunt Duke of Suffolke Charles Brandon Lorde greate Maister of the Kings housholde The death of the Duke of Suffolke a ryght hardie Gentleman and yet not so hardye as almoste of all estates and degrees of men hygh and lowe ryche and poore hartely beloued and his deathe of them greatly lamented His iust commendations Hys body was honorably buryed at Windsore at the Kyngs costes This man in his daies had done to the king and Realme ryght agreable seruyces as well in peace as in warres both in England France Scotland and Irelande he died the kyngs generall lieuetenaunt of his armye then appoynted to resiste the Frenchemen if they durste haue landed But nowe wheras in this meane time we haue spoken nothing of the dooings in Scotlād where the warre was still continued the King of France sent thither certain hands of Frenchmen Monsieur de Lorges sente into Scotlande vvith certayne be◅ch bandes vnder the gouernement of Monsieure de Lorges to aide the Scottes againste the Englishemen and the Kyng of Englande waged many strangers and sent them wyth certayne Englishemen to the borders for defence of the same againste the inuasions of the enemies For after the arriuall of the Frenchmen a great armye of Scots was reised and approched neare to the borders where for a certayne tyme they encamped so that many thought some notable enterprice would haue ben attempted But after they had laine in campe a certaine time they brake vp departed without attempting any further exploite Shortely after the Earle of Hertforde lying on the borders as lieuetenaunt of the Northe partes of Englande callyng to hym an armye of .xij. M. men or thereabouts what of Englishmen and straungers The Earle of Hertforde in ◅adeth scotlād entred Scotland with the same and brent a greate parte of the Mers and Teuidale as Kelsay Abbey and the town Melrose Abbey and Driborn Abbey also Iedworth Abbey and diuers other places towns and villages to the number of fiue score Kelsay abbey was defended a while by three hundred Scottes but in the ende the most part of them were slaine and taken by the strangers and other that gaue the assaulte Thus the erle of Hertforde sore endomaged the Scots by this inuasion and yet neither they nor the Frenchmen theyr asistantes durst come forth into the fielde once to encounter with hym On the sixteenth of September a number of Scots and Frenchemen attempted to enter into Englande on the Easte borders But the Englishemen perceyuyng them aboute to passe by a certayne straite sette vppon them and slewe and tooke of them to the number of seuen score Among the prisoners that were taken the lorde of Humes sonne and a French Captaine were accompted chiefest Also in an other roade made into the West borders the Lorde Maxwels sonne dyuers other were taken But at an other time aboute the same season
stubborne traytors that so vndutifullye refused the kings mercifull pardon freely offered by his officer at armes and other The Lorde Marques of Northampton sent into Norwike to represse the rebels There went with the Lorde Marques diuerse honourable and worshipshull personages as the Lorde Sheffelde the Lord Wentworth Sir Anthonie Dennie Sir Henrie Parker Sir Richarde Southwell Sir Rafe Sadler Sir Iohn Clere Sir Rafe Rowlet Sir Richarde Lee Sir Iohn Gates Sir Thomas Paston Sir Henrie Bedingfielde Sir Iohn Sulyarde Sir Willyam Walgrane Sir Iohn Curtes Sir Thomas Cornewalleys Knightes togither with a great manye of other Knights Esquires and Gentlemen and a small band of Italians vnder the leading of a Captaine named Malatesta Norwich summoned The Lorde Marques being approched within a myle of Norwiche sent Sir Gilbert Dethicke knight nowe Garter then Norrey King at armes vnto the Citie to sommon them within to yeelde it into his handes or vpon refusall to proclayme war against them Herevpon Augustine Stewarde the Maiors Deputie sent to the Maior that was in the Campe with Kette aduertising him what message he had receyued from the Marques The Maior sent worde againe that nothing was more grieuous vnto him than to see into what miserie the Citie and Countrie about were brought by the rage of these commotions and declaring in what case he stoode being kept by force among the rebels where as otherwise he would according to his dutie haue come to his honour But as for the Citie he had committed the gouernance vnto Augustine Stewarde who shoulde be readie to surrender it into his Lordships hands and that if Kette woulde giue him leaue he woulde come himselfe to his honor submitting all things wholy to his Lordships order and disposition This message being brought backe by the sayde Norrey Augustine Stewarde the Maiors Deputie with the Sherifes and a greate number of the Citizens came to the Lorde Marques his Campe and deliuered vp the Sworde to his Lordshippe declaring howe the Maior himselfe woulde gladly haue come if he coulde haue got from the rebelles and that although a great route of the lewde Citizens were partakers with the rebels yet a number of the substantiall and honest Citizens woulde neuer consent to their wicked doings but were readye to receyue his Lordship into their Citie The Lorde Marques giuing good wordes vnto the Citizens and willing them to bee of good comfort sithe bee trusted to appease these troubles verye shortlye deliuered the sworde vnto Sir Richarde Southwell Sir Richarde Southwell who bare it before the Lorde Marques as hee passed forth towardes the Citie entring the same by Saint Stephens gate And incontinently was proclamation made that they should all resort into the market place where they consulted togither howe they might best defende the Citie against the enimies and to represse their furie Herevpon was order giuen for the placing of watch and warde about the gates and wals as might seeme expedient The Lorde Marques supped that night and lodged in the Maiors Deputies house but his Lordshippe as well as other kepte their armour on their backes all that night for doubt of some sodeyne assault to be made against the Citie by the rebels Here it chaunced that the Straungers The strangers offer skirmish to the rebels eyther by appointment or otherwise went forth and offered skirmishe to the rebels vpon Magdalen hill The Rebelles came forth with their horsemen but it seemed that they were better practised to fetch in booties than to make their manage or Carere and therefore not able to matche the Straungers whiche being perceyued of their fellowes that were footemen they putte forth their archers before their horsemen and suche numbers herewith came swarming forth of their Campe meaning to compasse in those Straungers that they perceyuing the maner and purpose of the enimies cast themselues in a Ring and retired backe into the Citie againe But they left one of their companie behinde them a Gentleman that was an Italian who more valiantly than warily ventured to farre among the enimies through euill happe being ouerthrowne beside his horse he was enuironed about with a great multitude of those Rebelles that tooke him prisoner and like vyle wretches spoyling him of his armour and apparell An Italian hanged hanged him ouer the walles of Mont Surrey Which acte well shewed what curtesie myght be looked for at suche cruell traytours handes that woulde thus vnmercifully put such a Gentleman man and worthie souldier to death for whose raunsome if they woulde haue demaunded it they might haue had no small portion of money to haue satisfied their greedie myndes but it seemed that their beastlye crueltie had bereft them the remembraunce of all honest consideration and dutifull humanitie The Marques of Northampton causing as before ye haue hearde diligent watch to be kept vpon the walles and at the gates appointed the same to be visited right often that through negligence no mishap shoulde followe Moreouer beside the watch at the gates and walles the residue of the souldiers making a mightie huge fire in the market place so as all the streetes were full of light they remayned there all that night in their armour ready vppon any occasion to resist the enimies if they shoulde make anye attempt Sir Edwarde Warner Sir Edwarde Warner Marshall of the fielde gaue the watche worde Sir Thomas Paston Sir Iohn Clere Sir Willyam Walgraue Sir Thomas Cornewasleys and Sir Henrie Bedingfielde were appoynted to the defence of other partes of the Citie And now when euery thing was thought to be safely prouided for that the L. Marques other were layde to take their rest the rebels about the middest of the night began to shoote off their great artillerie towards the Citie so thick as was possible but the bullettes passed ouer their beades that were lodged in the Citie without doing any great hurt at all The Lorde Marques by reason of the often alarmes that were giuen whilest the enimies thus ceased not to rage with continuall shotte of ordinaunce was called vp by the Marshall sir Edwarde Warner and comming into the market place accompanied with the nobles and gentlemen of the armie fell in counsell wyth them howe to foresee that the Citie in suche daunger might be safely defended agaynst the enimies with such small power as he had there with him It was therefore determined that all the gâ—…tes whiche were on the contrarye part of the towne from the Rebels campe and likewyse the ruinous places of the walles shoulde be ramped vp that if the enimies shoulde chaunce to gyue an assault to the Citie they might more easilye be repulsed But as these things were a doing and almost brought to ende in a maner all the whole multitude of the rebelles came out of their cabanes running downe in most furious maner to the Citie and with great shoutes and yelling cryes went about to set fire on the gates to clymbe ouer the walles
and wyll easier offende hym who hathe not hurte them than touche their ruler who seeketh profite on them But yee that ought to bee gouerned by youre Magistrates as the heardes by the heardeman and ought to be like shepe to your king who ought to be like a shephearde vnto you euen in the time when youre profite was sought and better redresse was entended than youre vpstirres and vnquietnesse coulde obtaine haue beyonde the crueltie of all beasts souly risen against your ruler shewed your selues worthy to be ordred like beastes who in kynde of obedyence wyll fall from the state of men A Dogge stoupeth when hee hys beaten of his maister not for lacke of stomack but for naturall obedience you beeing not striken of your head but fauoured not kept down but succoured and remedyed by lawe haue violentlye agaynste Lawe not onely barked like beasts but also bitten like helhoundes What is the mischiefe of sedition eyther not knowne vnto you or not feared Haue not examples aforetimes both told the ende of rebels the wickednesse of rebellion it selfe But as for old examples let them passe for a whyle as things wel to be considered but at this present one thing more to be wayed Loke vpon your selues after ye haue wickedly stepte into this horrible kind of treason do ye not see how many bottomlesse whirlepooles of mischief ye be goulfft withall and what lothsome kyndes of rebellion ye be fayne to wade thorowe Ye haue sent out in the kings name against the kings will precepts of all kinds and without commaundemente commaunded his subiects and vnrulyly haue ruled where ye listed to commaund thinking your owne fansies the kings commaundements and rebelles lusts in things to be right gouernement of things not looking what shuld folow by reason but what your selues followe by affection And is it not a daungerous and a cruell kynde of treason to giue out preceptes to the kinges people There can be no iuste execution of lawes reformation of faultes gyuyng oute of commaundementes but from the Kyng For in the Kyng onely is the ryghte hereof and the authoritie of him deriued by his appointment to his ministers Ye hauyng no authoritie of the Kyng but takyng it of your selues what thynke ye your selues to be Ministers ye bee none except ye be the Deuils ministers for hee is the authour of sedition The Kings Maiestie intendeth to maynteyne peace and to oppresse warre ye stirre vp vprores of people hurlyeburlies of vagabundes routes of robbers is this any part of the kings ministerie If a vacabunde woulde doe what him lust and call himselfe your seruaunt and execute suche offices of trust whether ye would or no as ye haue committed to an other mans credit what wold euery one of you say or doe herein Would ye suffer it Ye wāder out of houses ye make euery day newe matters as it pleaseth you ye take in hande the execution of those things God by his word forbidding the same which God hath put the Magistrates in truste withall What can ye saye to this Is it sufferable think ye If ye told a priuate message in an other mans name can it be but a false lye I praye ye And to tell a fayned message to the commonwelth and that from the kyng can it be honest thinke ye To commaunde is more than to speake what is it then to commaunde so trayterous a lye This then whiche is in worde a deceytfull lye and in deed a t◅ayterous fact noy some to the common welth vnhonorable to the Kyng mischieuous in you howe can you otherwyse iudge of it but to be an vnhearde of and notable disobedience to the king therfore by notable example to bee punished and not wyth gentlenesse of pardon to be forgiuen Ye haue robbed euery honest house and spoiled them vniustly and pitteously wrong poore men being no offenders to their vtter vndoing and yet ye thinke ye haue not broken the kings Lawes The Kings Maiesties lawe and hys commaundemente is that euery man shoulde safely keepe his owne and vse it reasonably to an honest gayn of his liuing Ye violently take and carrie away from men without cause all things wherby they should maynteyn not only themselues but also their familie and leaue them so naked that they shall feele the smarte of your cursed enterprise longer thā your own vnnaturall and vngodly stomackes would wel vouchsafe By iustice ye shoulde neither hurt nor wrong man and your pretensed cause of thys monstrous sturre is to encrease mennes wealth And yet howe many and saye truth haue ye decayed and vndone by spoyling and taking awaye their goods How should honest men liue quietly in the Commonwelth at any time if their goods either gotten by their owne labour or left to them by their frends shall vnlawfully and vnorderly to the feeding of a sort of rebelles be spoyled and wasted and vtterly scattred abrode The thing ye take is not your right it is an other mans owne The maner of taking against his will is vnlawfull against the order of euery good common wealth The cause why ye take it is mischieuous and horrible to fat your sedition Ye that take it be wicked traitors and cōmon enimies of al good order If he that desireth an other mans goodes or cattell doe fault what dothe he thinke you whose desire taking followeth and is ledde to and fro by luste as his wicked fansye voyde of reason doth guyde him He that vseth not his owne well and charitably hath muche to answere for and shall they be thought not vniust who not onely take away other mens but also misuse and wast the same vngodly They that take things priuyly awaye and steale secretely and couertely other mens goodes be by Lawe iudged worthye deathe And shall they that without shame spoyle thyngs openly and bee not afeard by impudēcie to professe their spoyle bee thoughte either honest creatures to God or faithful subiects to their Kyng or natural men to their Countrey If nothing hadde moued you but the example of mischiefe and the fowle practise of other moued by the same ye shoulde yet haue absteyned from so licencious and villanous a shewe of robberie consydering how manye honester there bee that beyng loth their wickednesse shoulde be blazed abroade yet bee founde out by prouidence and hanged for deserte What shall we then think or say of you Shall we call you pickers or hid theeues nay more than theeues day theeues heard stealers shire spoylers vtter destroyers of all kinds of families both among the poore also among the riche Let vs yet further fee is there no mo thynges wherein yee haue broken the Kings lawes and so vylie disobeyed hym contrarie to your bounden duetie Ye haue not onely spoyled the Kyngs true subiects of their goodes but also ye haue imprisoned their bodies which should be at libertie vnder the King and restrayned them of their seruice which by dutie they owe the kyng and appaired both
strength and health wherewith they liue and serue the King Is there any honest thyng more desired than libertie ye haue shamefully spoyled them therof Is there anye thing more dutifull than to serue their Lorde and maister But as that was deserued of the one parte so was it hindered and stopped on your part For neither can the King be serued nor families kepte nor the Common wealth looked vnto where freedome of libertie is stopped and diligence of seruice is hindered and the helpe of strength and health abated Mens bodies ought to be free from all mens bondage and crueltie and only in this realme be subiect in publike punishment to oure publike gouernour and neither be touched of headlesse Captains nor holden of brainlesse rebels For the gouernement of so precious a thing ought to belong vnto the most noble ruler and not iustly to be in euery mans power which is iustly euery liuing mans tresure For what goodes be so deare to euerye man as his owne bodye is whiche is the true vessell of the mynde to bee measurably kept of euery man for all exercises and seruices of the mynde If ye maye not of your own authoritie meddle with meÌ„s goods muche lesse you may of your owne authoritie take order with mens bodies For what be goodes in comparison of helth libertie strength whiche bee all settled and fastned in the body They that strike other doe greatly offend and be iustly punishable And shall they that cruelly and wrongfully tormente mennes bodyes with yrons and imprisonmentes be thoughte not of other but of them selues honeste and playne and true dealyng men What shall we say by them who in a priuate businesse wil let a man to goe hys iourney in the kings high way Doe they not thinke ye playne wrong Then in a common cause not onely to hynder them but also to deale cruelly with them and shutte them from doyng their seruice to the 〈…〉 〈…〉 things enterprise great matters and as though ye coulde not satisfye your selfe if yee shoulde leaue any mischiefe vndone haue sought bloud with crueltie haue slayn of y e kings true subiects in any thinkyng their murder to be your defence when as ye haue encreased the faulte of your vile Rebellion wyth the horroure of bloudshead and so haue burdened mischiefe wyth mischiefe whyle it come to an importable weight of myschiefe What coulde we doe more in the horriblest kynde of faultes to the greatest transgressours and offendoures of God and men than to looke straightly on them by death and so to ridde them out of the common wealth by seuere punishment whome ye thought vnworthie to liue among menne for their dooings And those who haue not offended the King but defended hys Realme and by obedience of seruice soughte to punishe the disobedient and for safegarde of euerie man putte them selues vnder duetie of Law those haue ye myserably and cruelly slayne and bathed you in theyr bloud whose dooynges ye shoulde haue followed and so haue appayâ—…ed the common welth both by destruction of good men and also by increase of rebels And howe can that common welth by any means endure â–ª wherin euery maÌ„ without authoritie may vnpunished slea whome he list and that in suche case as those who be slaine shewe themselues most noble of courage and most ready to serue the king and the common wealth and those as doe slea be most villanous traiterous eche lâ—…es that any common wealth did ouer susteyn for a Citie and a Prouince â—â— and the faire houses and the strong walles nor the defence of anye engin but the liuing bodies of men being able in number strength to mainteyn themselues by good order of iustice and to serue for all necessary behouable vses in the coÌ„mon wealth And when as mans bodie being a parte of the whole coÌ„mon welth is wrongfully touched any way specially by death then suffeyeth the coÌ„mon welth great iniurie and that alway so much the more how honester and nobler he is who is iniuriously murdered Howe was the Lord Sheffilde handled among you a noble gentleman and of good seruice both sit for couÌ„sel in peace for conduct in warre considering either the grauitie of his wisedome or the authoritie of his person or his seruice to the commonwelth or the hope that all men had in him or the need that England had of suche or amoÌ„g many notably good his singular excestencie or the fauour y t all men bare toward him being loued of euery man hated of no man Considered ye who should by duetie be the kings subiects either how ye shoulde not haue offended the king or after offence haue required the kings pardon or not to haue refused his goodnesse offred or at length to haue yelded to hys mercie or not to haue slain those who came for his seruice or to haue spared those who in daÌ„ger offred ransom But al these things forgotten by rage of rebellion bycause one madnesse cannot be without infinite vices ye flowe him cruellye who offered himselfe manfully nor woulde not spare for raunsome who was worthy for noblenesse to haue had honour he weddim bare whome ye could not hurt armed and by slauerie flewe nobilitie in deede miserably in fashioÌ„ cruelly in cause diuellishly Oh with what cruell spite was violently sundred so noble a body fro so godly a mind Whose death must rather be reuenged than lamented whose death was no lacke to himselfe but to his countrey whose death might euery way bin better borne than at a rebelles hande Violence is in all thinges hurtfull but in life horrible What shoulde I speak of others in the same case diuers and notable whose death for manhood and seruice can waÌ„t no worthy praise so long as these vgly stirrers of rebellion can be had in mynd God hath himself ioyned maÌ„s bodie and his soule togither not to be departed asunder afore he eyther disseuer them hymselfe excause them to be disseuered by his minister And shal rebels and heedlesses camps being armed against God and in fielde against theyr King thinke it no faulted shead bloud of true subiects hauing neither office of God nor appointment of ministers nor lust cause of rebellion He that steale the any part of 〈◊〉 substance is worthy to lose his life When shal we thinkeâ—… them wâ—…o spoyle men of their lyues for the mayntenaÌ„ce whereof not only substance and riches be soughte for but also all common welths be deuised Now then your own consciences should be made your iudges and none other set to giue sentence against yet seing ye haue bin suche bloud â—â—aders so he ynouâ—â— manquellers so horrible murderers could ye do any other than playnely confesse your soule wicked rebellion to be greuous against god traiterous to the king and hurtfull to the coÌ„mon wealth So many grieuous faults meetyng togither in one sinke might not onely haue discouraged but also driuen to desperation any other â—…ouest of indifferent
mind But what fele they whose harts so depe mischief hath hard â—…ned by vehemencie of affection be made vnshamâ—…ast and stop al discoursâ—… of reason to let at large the ful scope of their vnmeasurable madnesse Priuate mens goods semeth litle to your vnfatiable desires ye haue waxed greedy now vppon Cities and haue attempted myghtye spoyles to glut vp and ye could your wasting hunger Oh howe marche haue they neede of that will neuer hee contented and what riches can suffise any that will attempt high enterprises adone their estate Ye could not mainteyne your campes wyth your priuate goodes wyth your neyghbours portion but ye must also attempt Cities bicause ye sought great spoyles with other mens losses and had forgotten how ye liued at home honestly with your owne and thought them worthie death that wold disquiet ye in your house and plucke away that whiche ye by right of lawe thoughte to be your owne Herein see what ye woulde haue done spoyled the Kinges Maiesties Subiectes weakened the kings strength ouerthrowne his Townes taken away his munition drawne his subiectes to like rebellion yea and as it is among foreyne enimies in sackyng of Cities no doubt thereof ye woulde haue fallen to slaughter of menne rauishyng of Wyues destouryng of Maydens choppyng of chyldren fyeiyng of houses beatyng downe of stretes ouerthrowyng of altogyther For what measure haue men in the increase of madnesse when they can not at the beginning stay themselues from fallyng into it And if the besetting of one house to robbe it bee iustly deemed worthye deathe what shall wee thynke of them that besiege whole Cities for desire of spoyle Wee lyue vnder a king to serue hym at all tymes when he shall neede our strength and shall ye then not only withdraw your selues whiche oughte as much to be obedient as we be hut also violently plucke other away too fro the dutie vnto the which by Gods commaundement all subiectes be straightly bound and by al lawes euery nation is naturally led The townes be not only the ornament of the realme but also the seat of merchauntes the place of handycrafts that men scattered in villages and needyng diuers thynges maye in little roome knowe where to fynde their lacke To ouerthrowe them then is nothyng else but to waste youre owne commodities so that when ye woulde buye a necessarie thyng for money yee coulde not tell where to fynde it Munition serueth the King not only for the defence of his owne but also for the inuasion of his enimie And if ye will then so straightly deale with him that ye wyll not lette hym so muche as defend his owne ye offer him double iniurie both that yee let him from doing any notable fact abroade and also that ye suffer not him quietly to enioy his own at home But herein hathe notably appeared what Cities hath faithfully serued and â—…uffered extreme daunger not onely of goode shut also of famine and death rather than to sufer the kinges enimies to enter and what whye liuered Cities hath not onely not withstande them but also with shame fauored them aâ—… with mischiefe ayded them And I woulde I might prayse herein all Cities alyke whiche I woulde doe if all were lyke worthie For then I might shewe more faithe in subiectes than strength in rebels and testifie to menne to come what a generall faith euery Citie bare to y e kings Maiestie whose age although it were not sitte to rule yet his subiects heaâ—â—es were willing to obey thinking not only of his haue which al men conceyue hereafter to be in him but also of the iuste kynde of gouernemente whyche in hys minoritie his Counsaile dothe vse among them And beere howe muche and howe worthily may Excester he commended whiche beyng in the middest of rebelles vnmeâ—…tayled vnfurnished vnprepared for so long a siege did nobly holde oute the continuall and daungerous assaulte of the Rebell for they susteyned the violence of the Rebell not only when they had plentie inough of victuall but also eleuen or .xij. dayes after the extreme famine came on them and liuing without dread were in courage so manfull and in duetie so constant that they thoughte it yet muche better to dye the extreme death of hunger shewyng truth to their Kyng and loue to their Countrey than to gyue anye place to the rebell and fauoure hym with ayde althoughe they myght haue doone it wyth their lesse danger Whose example if Norwiche hadde folowed and hadde not rather gyuen plaâ—…e to traytor Ket thaÌ„ to kepe their duetie had not sought more safegarde than honestie and priuate hope more than common on 〈◊〉 they had ended their rebellion sooner escaped themselues better and 〈◊〉 the losse of the worthy Lorde Sheffielde 〈◊〉 was more 〈◊〉 seruice for his lyfe than in them their goodes And althoughe this can not bee 〈◊〉 against certain honest that wer amongst them whose prayse was the greater bicause they wer so fewe yet the greate number was suche that they not only obeyed the Rebell for feare but also followed him for loue and did so traiterously order the kings â—…ande vnder my Lord Marquesse that they suffred more damage out of their houses by the Towns men than they did abroade by the Rebelles Whose faulte as the kings maiestie may pardon so I would auoyde the example might be forgotten that no citie might hereafter folowe y t like or the deed be so abhorred that other hereafter would auoyde the lyke shame and lerne to be noble by Eacester whose truth dothe not only deserue long prayses but also great rewarde Who then that wolde willingly defend can say any thing for ye which haue so diuersly faulted so trayterously offended not onely against priuate men seuerally but also generally against whole towns and that after such a sort as outward enimies full of deadly â—…eâ—…d coulde not more cruelly inuade them And thus the Kyngs maiestie dishonoured his Counsell disobeyed the goodes of the poore spoyled the houses of the wealthie sacked honest mannes bodies imprisoned worthie mennes personages slayne Cities besieged and threatened and all kynde of things disordered can yee without teares and repentaunce heare spoken off whiche without honestie and godlinesse ye practised and not fynde in your heartes nowe to returne to duetie which by witchecraft of sedition were drowned in disorder Haue yee not in disorder firste grenously offended God next traiterously risen againste your king so neither worthie euerlasting life as loÌ„g as ye so remain nor yet ciuil life being in such a breasts of coÌ„moÌ„ quietnesse If eueryone of those caÌ„not by themselues pluck you backe from this your lende and outragious enterprises yet lartheÌ„ altogether her stir ye or at least be a fearfull example to other to beware by lydure vnmesurable folie how they do so far prouoke God or offende man and finde by your mistemped to be themselues better ordered and learne still to obeye bycause they woulde not repente and so to lâ—â—e with
they prouided for the Lazee to keepe him oute of the Citizen 〈◊〉 clapping of â—…ysshes and ryligion of â—…rtâ—…s to the great trouble of the Littâ—…s and also to the daungerous infection of manye that they shoulde bee remoued at home at their present with seuerall pensionâ—… Now after this godâ—… 〈◊〉 to taken the citizens by such means as may truised willing to further y e lande the report therof man made 〈◊〉 y e 〈…〉 hereof was not onely willing to graunt suche as shoulde be the ouersiers and gouernors of the said houses a corporation and authoritie for the gouernement thereof but also required that he might bee accounted as the chiefe sounder and patrone thereof And for the furtherâ—…unce of she sayde worke King Edwarde the sixth founder of the hospitals in London and continuall maintenaunce of the same he of his meere mercie and goodnesse graunted that where before certaine landes were giuen to the maintenaunce of the house of the Sanoy founded by King Henrie the seauenth for the lodging of pilgrimes and straungers and that the same was nowe made but a lodging of loyterers vagabondes and strumpets that laye all daye in the fields and at night were harboured there the which was rather the mayntenance of beggerie than the reliefe of the poore gaue the same landes being first surrendred into his hands by the Maister and felowes there whiche landes were of the yearely value of sixe hundreth poundes vnto the Citie of London for the maintenaunce of the foundation aforesayde And for a further reliefe a petition being made to the Kings maiestie for a licence to take in mortmayne or otherwise without licence landes to a certaine yearely value and a space left in the patent for his Grace to put in what summe it woulde please him he looking on the voyde place called for penne and ynke and with his owne hande wrote this summe in these wordes Foure thousande markes by yeare and then sayde in the hearing of his Counsaile A blessed king Lord God I yeelde thee most heartie thanks that thou hast giuen mee life thus long to finishe this worke to the glorie of thy name After whiche foundation established he liued not aboue two dayes Sir William Chester Iohn Calthrop Draper By example of whiche acte of this vertuous yong king sir William Chester Knight and Alderman of London and Iohn Ealthrop Citizen and Draper of the sayd Citie at their own proper costes and charges made the brickwals and want on the backeside that leadeth from the sayde new hospitall vnto the hospitall of Saint Bartholomewes and also couered and vanted the towne ditch from Aldersgate to Newgate which before was very noisome and contagious vnto the sayde Hospitall Richard Castel shoomaker This Hospitall being thus erected and put in good order there was one Richarde Castell alias Castellee shown mater dwelling in Westminster a man of great tâ—…ile and labor in his facultie with his owne handes and suche a one as was named the Edeke of Westminster for that both Winter and Sommer as was at his worke before foure of the clock in the morning This maÌ„ thus truly and painfully laboring for his liuing God blessed and increased his â—…hocâ—… so abundantly that heputt hâ—…sed lands and 〈◊〉 in Westminster to the yearely value of xliiij â—… And hauing no childe with the consent of his wife who also yet liueth and is a vertuous and good woman gaue the same landes wholye to Christes hospitall aforesayde to the reliefe of the innocent and fatherlesse children and for the succor of the miserable sore and sicke harboured in the other hospitals about London whose example God graunt many to followe About this time there were three notable ships set forth and furnished for the great aduenture of the vnknowne voyage into the East by y e north seas The great doer and encourage of which voiage was Sebastian Caboto an EnglishmeÌ„ Sebastian Caboto born at Bristow but was the sâ—… of a Genawaies These ships at the last arriued in the couÌ„trie of Moscouia not without great lusse danger namely of their captaine who was a worthie aduenturous gentleman called sir Hugh Willough by knight who being tossed and driuen by tempest hernous at the last founde in his ship frosen to death and all his people But now the sayde voyage and trade is greatly aduaunced and the merchants aduenturing that waye are newly by acte of Parliament incorporated and moued with sundrie priuiledges and liberties About the beginning of the moueth of Maye next following Three noâ—… mariages there were three notable mariages concluded and shortlye after solemnised at Durham place The first was betweene the Lorde Guilforde Dudley the fourth sonne of the Duke of Northumberlande and the Ladie Iane eldest daughter of Henrie Duke of Suffolke and the Ladie Frauncis his wife was the daughter of Marye seconde sister to king Henrie the eyght first married to Lewes the Frenche King and after to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolke The seconde mariage was betweene the Lorde Harbert sonne and heyre of William Earle of Pembroke and the Ladie Katherine second daughter of the said Lady Francis by the said Henrie Duke of Suffolke And the thirde was betweene Henrie Lorde Hastings sonne and heyre of Frauncis Earle of Huntington and Katherine yongest daughter of the Duke of Northumberlande which three mariages were â—…mpassed and concluded chieflye vppon purpose to chaunge and alter the order of succession to the Crowne made in the tyme of King Henrie the eyght from the saide Kings daughters Marye and Elizabeth and to conuey the same immediatlye after the death of King Edwarde to the house of Suffolke in the right of the sayde Ladie Fraunces wherein the sayde yong King was in â—…most trauaylee in the time of his sickenesse and all for feare that if his sister Marie being next heire to the Crowne shoulde succeede that she would subuert all his lawes and statutes made conuerning religion whereof he was most carefull for the continuance whereof he sought to establishe a meete order of succession by the alliaunce of great houses by way of mariage which neuerthelesse were of no force to serue his purpose For tending to the disherison of the rightfull heyres they proued nothing prosperous to the parties for two of them were soone after made frustrate the one by death the other by diuorce In the meane whyle the King became euery day more sicker than other of a consumption in his lungs so as there was no hope of his recouerie wherevppon those that then bare chiefe authoritie in Counsayle with other Prelates and Nobles of the Realme called to them diuerse notable persons learned as well in Diuinitie as in the lawes of the lande namely Bishops Iudges and other fell to consultation vpon this so weightie case and lastly concluded vpon the deuise of King Edwardes will to declare the sayde Ladie Iane eldest neece to K. Henrie the eyght and wife to the sayde Lorde Gullforde
Ponthieul 277.88 Dintingdale pag. 1311. col 1. lin 38. Dissimulation pag. 1293. col 2. lin 51. Disorder in the French campe at Tressy 933.16 a. Deuision of the offerings giuen to Thomas Becket Archbyshop of Cantorburie 463.56 Discipline of the Church howe to be practised 149.47 Digby Iohn knight Lieutenant of the towre 1453.57 Walter Diffe a Frier 1058.45 b. Dion Câ—…sues cited 48.61 .80.19 Dissention betweene king William Rufus and Anselme Archbyshop of Cantorburye 330.6 Dioclesian persecuteth y e Christians in Britaine and all other places of the world 75.30 Discordance among writers touching the death of Kyng Edmond Ironside 258.41 Dioclesianus mistaken for Danaus 6.110 Die one of the names of Samothes 2.39 Diepe towne wonne from the Englishmen by the Frenchmen 527.73 Description of Richard Duke of Glocester pag. 1357. col 2. lin 35. Disagreement among writers touching the British Kyngs that reigned from Elidurus to â—…ud 32.30 Dissention in Britaine made many Gouernours 45.9 Diuma first Christian Byshop in the kingdome of Mercia 170.18 Discorde falleth out betweene the Kinges of England 〈◊〉 Fraunce in their viageâ—… wardes the holy land 489.38 Dionethus Duke of Cornwal and gouernour of Brytaine 95.88 Disputation betweene Christians and Iewes 335.79 Drought great 1580.45 Dyuclyue citie committed to the keeping of Hugh Lacy. 450.21 Discord in the Englishe armie 990.30 a. Dinuhoc Castle in Cornwall 128. Dicalidones a kind of Pictes 104.5 Discord betwixt the Cardinall and the Archbyshop of Cantorbury 583.62 Diouionensis cited 137.71 Diuers sundry reportes of the death of King Iohn 605.77 Dearth 1519.9 Diet at Tours pag. 1269. col 1. lin 34. Discent of the Saxons in Brytaine 113.27 Dioclesanus and Maximianus fellowes in the gouernment of the Empire 83.16 Diocleslanus and Herculeus Maximianus renounce the rule of the Empyre 89.34 Doll castle in Britaine besieged 309.37 Douer castle besieged in vayne by Lewes kyng of France 609.9 Douer castle 271.76 Dorchester ordeyned a Bishops See 169.15 Doll castle towne fortified by the Barons 510.25 Donebant tooke Dunwallo Donwald king of Scottes sendeth Corman a learned clerk into England 167.77 Dogges hauen neare to Douer 415.66 Douer Castle deliuered vp to kyng William 292.37 Douer castle deliuered to kyng Stephons wyfe 369.17 Douer Castle deliuered to kyng Henry the thyrd 776.39 Douer castle furnished with necessaries by kyng Iohn 600.1 Douer castle valiantly defended agaynst Lewes by the captaynes Hubert de Burgh and Gerard de Gotingam notwithstanding al his foule and fayre offers made to the sayd captaynes 602.66 Douer castle confirmed to Philip Earle of Flaunders 427 13. Douer Abbey 393.78 Domitianus elected Emperor of Rome 73.46 Domitianus enuyeth the prosperous successe of Agricola in Britaine 73.49 Domitianus Nero Emperour of Rome 59.47 William L. Dowglas 891.7 a. Doctor Russell bishop of Lincolne made Lord Chancelor pag. 1363. col 2. lin 50. Dorcetshyre spoyled and wasted by the Danes 241.46 and. 252.10 Dole citie and castle in Britain wonne by kyng Henry the second 429.50 Dolpâ—…ine called king of Berry pag. 1213. col 2. lin 50 Dowglas Archimbald Earle of Angus commeth into England 1532.26 Dowglas Archimbald earle of Angus banished man maketh a rode into Scotland and discomfiteth a power of State 1559.18 Dowglas Archimbald Earle of Angus hath a thousande markes of yearely fed of king Henry the eight and returneth into Scotland 1589.36 Dowglas Margaret Countesse of Lindux sent to the Tower 1835.40 is deliuered 1837.25 Dowglas Margaret daughter to the Scottish queene commytted to the Tower for marying the Lord Thomas Howard 1565.2 Dowyll Walter pag. 1714. col 2. lin 12. Doncaster pag. 1315. col 1. lin 44. pag. 1329. col 1. lin 12. Druis or Dryus established king of Celtica 3.36 Drues aucthor of the Philosophers called Druides 3.48 Druides aboade principally in the I le of Anglesey 3.56 Druides charge and aucthoritie 3.62 Druides opinion concerning y e soules of men 3.69 Druides could foretell thinges to come 3.74 Druides opinion concerning y e immortalitie of the soule and of the one and euerlasting God 3.76 Druides accustomed to all men 3.86 Druides sect condemned and dissolued in Gallia 3.91 Druides sect abolished here in Britaine 3.93 Dragons firie seene flying 200.33 Danes beyng great Rouers land in the North partes of England 202.25 Danes lande in Northumberland and obtein a great part thereof without resistance 202.33 Danes arriue and make warre on the coastes of the lande 204.52 Dreme of King Richard the .iii. pag. 1417. col 1. lin 1. Drie Sommer 876.3 a. Drury William Marshal of the towne of Barwicke and also of the armie conducted into Scotland by Sussex is made knight 1846.44 is ordeyned Generall of an army into Scotland 1846. eftsons Generall of a power into Scotland where he besiegeth the castle of EdeÌ„borough 1866.50 winneth it 1868.30 Drommond a great ship of the Sarasins chased and vowged by the Englishmen 494.15 Dreur besieged and yeelded to the Englishe pag. 1213. col 2. lin 9. Drought 948.56 a. Dragons seene fighting in the ayre 642.27 Drayton in Shropshire pag. 1295. col 2. lin 5. Drax Castle wonne 393.23 Drincouer otherwise called Newcastle besieged won 429.30 Druides in the I le of Anglesey against the Romanes 59.101 Dustan reuoked made Byshop of Worcester and of London 232.7 Dunstan in high feuour wyth King Edgar ruleth all at his pleasure 232.15 Dunstan putteth King Edgar to penatice for his youthfull licenciousnes 233.52 Dunstan succeedeth Odo in the Archbyshoprick of antorbury 233.71 Dunstan denounceth plagues to fal vpon King Egelredus 238.61 Dunstans countrey and parentage 238.73 Dunstan driuen into a frensie runneth wildly aboute the fieldes 238.78 Dunstan in his sleepe walketh daungerously about the top of a Church 238.85 Dunstan reported to haue addiuced himselfe to coniuring and sorcerie 238.99 Dunstan aduaunced to the seruice of King Adelstane 238.105 Dunstans harpe suddenly playeth a Psalme alone 238.108 Dunstan accused of Necromancie and banished the Court 238. Dunstan shorne a Monke 239.8 Dunstans dreame of a Beare that would deuour him 239 13. Dunstan plucketh the deuill by the nose with a payer of pynsors 239.19 Dunstan preferred for declaring his dreames and visions 239.27 Dunstan dyeth 238.67 Dunstan seeth the deuill dauncing and wayting at the table 228.109 229 15. Dunstan made keeper of Kyng Edreons treasure 230.27 Dunstan certified by an Angell of King Edredus death 230.44 Dunstan frankly reproueth K. Edwyn for his shamefull abusing of his body 230.86 Dunstan vanished the remâ—â—e at the fute of King Edwyns Concubines 230.98 Dunwallo mulmucius sonne to Cloten getteth the Monarchie of all Britaine 23.18 Dublin citie in Ireland wonne by the Englishmen 419.9 Dublin chiefest Citie of al Ireland 420.50 Duneane a Scottish captaine wasteth Kendall with an armie 434.15 Duetie of a good preacher 177 72. Dublyn in Ireland ordeined an Archbyshoprick 386.31 Dunfoader in Scotland 225.68 Duke of Britaine accoumpted liege man to the Duke of Normandie 491.20 Dun Citiein Ireland taken by Iohn Lord Curcy 448.10 Duffuall a Welch King 231.81 Dunstan
brought into England 178.114 Perthelmus byshop of Whiterne 192.26 Iohn Pecham made Archbyshop of Canterburie 788.46 b. dyeth 806.13 a. Peter Archbyshoppe of Tarensasia 423.112 Petilius Cerialis appoynted Leutenante of Britaine 66.68 Pecham Henry executed for treason 1766 40. Peter Bahuchet hanged at Sluce 909.50 a. Poter dwelling in Red Crosse streete pag. 1358. col 1. lin 47. Iohn Pouderhams knauery 856.33 Peace concluded betweene King Iohn and the king of France with a maryage and other agreementes 548.27 Peace concluded betweene the Erle of Flaunders the French king 548.77 Peace concluded vppon conditions betweene Edmond king of England and Aulafe king of Danes 227.64 Periurie neuer left vnpunished 286.37 Peter pence first payd in England to y e Byshop of Rome 189.1 Peter Byshop of Winchester made gouernour to king Henry the third 617.33 People at Canterbury tithed by the Danes 246.22 Pelagius Heresie renued among the Scots 163.35 Henry Lord Percy put to flight by the Scots 843.10 b. Peace concluded betweene King Edward and Earle Godwin 273.90 Peace breakers betweene king Henry the second and his sonnes excommunicated 457.80 Percie Henry the fourth Earle of Northumberland slayne 1434.40 The Pencioners muster in armour before her Maiestie 1839.42 A lotterie held 1839.46 Percie Henry the first Earle of Northumberland Warden of the whole Marches sueth to be discharged of his office 1522. much mislyked therefore of al men ibidem Peace proclaimed betweene king Henry the third and the Barons 770.28 Petitur and Higanius looke Peredurus and Vigenius Peace between England and Fraunce 966.10 b The Pencioners ordeyned 1574.40 Percie Erle of Worceter breaketh the staffe of his office 1108.13 a. People in al England numbred 312.79 Peter Bressie Captayne of Alnewike Castle pa. 1313. col 2. lin 54. pag. 1315. col 1. lin 24. Percie Thomas made knight after Lord and the next daye Earle of Northumberland 1767.28 rebelleth 1839. his attemptes there afterward fleeth into Scotland 1841.12 is brought out of Scotland and beheaded 1865. Peace concluded betweene William of England and king Malcolme of Scotland vpon conditions 307.60 Peith Iohn 1447.21 Pente Riuer 174.45 Perkin Werbecke pag. 1389. col 2. lin 42. Petronius Turpilianus appointed Lieutenant of Britaine 66.9 Henry Lord Percy sent to the Sea 1058.30 b. Peace concluded betweene K. William Rufus of England and his brother Duke Robert of Normandie vppon conditions 321.68 and. 325.85 Henry Lord Percie created Earle of Northumberland 1006.8 b. Peter the Apostle ware a shauen Crowne 178.30 Peredurus reigne and deth variable among writers 332.1 Peace concluded at Stanes betwixt Henry king of England and Lewes the kings sonne of Fraunce 616.46 Peace with the Scottes pag. 1249. col 2. lin 6. Pestilence pag. 1350. col 2. lin 55. Penius Posthumus slayeth himselfe 65.43 Peter Landeyse pag. 1407. col 2. lin 12. lin 20. lin 50. pag. 1408. col 1. lin 50. col 2. lin 13. lin 47. Petteham Manour made ouer to the Church of Canterbury 327.56 Peace betweene England and Scotland 873.30 a. Pence of the value of two pences coyned 1459.17 Perrottus Nicholas cited 5.42 Thomas Percie created Earle of Worceter 1097.30 b. Alice Perers Concubine to king Edward the third 997 27. a. banished the Realme 1008.45 a. Periurie reuenged by euyl death and affliction 365.48 Perambulations of Forrestes 834.50 a. Peter pence in Ireland to be payed to the Pope 420.112 Peter Courtney byshop of Exceter pa. 1402. col 2. lin 15 Penerel William of Nottingham 369. Pensey Castle deliuered to the king 397.19 Pencaire Dauid cited 7.5 Earle of Penbroke put to flight by Scots 845.16 a. Perdir the wisehard flourisheth 21.65 Penwithstreete 241.40 Peter pence payment confirmed by Ethelwolfus 207.49 Periurie horribly punished 224.20 Pegnalech Abbey 177.49 Peace dishonorable with the Scots 891.47 a Philip K. of France returneth home from the siege of Acres 500.113 practiseth falshode against king Richard the first in his absence in the Holy land 503.5 prouoketh Earle Iohn to forsake his alleageance vnto king Richard the first his brother 509.47 entreth into Normandie with an armie 510.34 Philip Prince of Spayne marrieth Queene Mary 1756.54 his trayne eadem 12. is made knight of the Garter 1759.10 goeth to the Parliament house in his Roabes 2759.36 goeth into Flaunders vnto his father 1764. taketh possession of the lowe Countreys then returneth into England 1766.53 passeth into Flaūders 1767.2 winneth Saint Quintins concludeth peace with the French king 1801.18 Philip the Archduke of Austrich marrieth the heyre of Hispayne 1459.50 cast on the coast of England by storme and saued ead 1. dieth 1460.58 is described 1460.1 Philip king of Fraunce in danger of drowning by fal of a bridge vnder him 527.25 Philips Dauie knight counselour to prince Arthur 1456 52. Philippes Rouland vicar of Croyden famous preacher 1524.44 Philip Byshop of Beauoyes taken prisoner 531.59 Phightiaid the name of the Pictes in British Scottish and Pictish 68.50 Philpot Clement put to death 1580.30 Philip Earle of Flaunders taketh vpon him to goe to the Holy land 439.7 Philip king of Fraunce departeth frō the battaile of Cressey 934.20 b. Philip Duke of Burgongne pag. 1317. col 2. lin 7. dyed pag. 1318. col 1. lin 47. Philip the French king twice in great daunger of taking by Richard the first 111. almost drowned in the riuer of Gethe 536.12 Philip king of Fraunce dyeth 347.106 Philip the French king dyeth 623.4 Philip K. of Fraunce cōmeth to Sangate 942.16 a. sendeth to king Edward to haue an indifferent place for battaile 942.58 a. breaketh vp his armie 942.30 b. Philip Earle of Flaunders made Erle of Kent 327.10 Philip the French king iesteth at king Williams sicknesse 314.54 Philip de Commins pa. 1323. col 1. lin 22. Philip Queene of England dyeth 980.2 a. Philo cited 101.78 Pilgremages abolished 1571.24 Piemont the Prince Emanuell Philibert commeth into England 1762.38 ouerthroweth the French power neare to Saint Quintins 1768.20 marryeth Margaret the French kings Sister 1802.47 Piers of Erton knyght murdered king Richard the second pag. 1129. col 2. lin 54. Pinder Rachel-dooth penance for fayning to bee possessed by the diuel 1870.48 Piers of Gaueston banished 841.1 b. called home and made Earle of Cornewale 847.10 b. marryeth the kings Neece 847.46 b. banished agayne 879.20 a. taken and beheaded 851.20 a Pirats taken by ships of Rie Picts Saxons and Scots inuade the Romane prouince in Britayne 106 60. Pictes and Scots vanquished by the Saxons 112.22 Picts ouerthrowen betweene Lyene and Cere by the Northumbers 190.68 Piers a Legh beheaded 1108.13 b. Picts in league with the English men become Christians 192.39 Pilkinton Thomas attaynted 1425.45 Picts and Scots slayne and chased out of Britayne 100 36. Picts and Scots when first they came to inhabite Brytayne 102.15 Picts require wyues of the Irish Scots 67.55 Picts the first strangers that came into Brytayne to inhabite next after the Romanes 67.65 Peuenessey or Pemsey place in Sussex where Duke william of Normādie landeth his armie 285.65