misbegotten_a son_n murder_v the_o lover_n of_o the_o old_a harlot_n her_o mother_n theodora_n by_o the_o help_n of_o her_o husband_n servant_n but_o because_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o clergy_n have_v not_o agree_v upon_o the_o election_n of_o this_o subordined_a john_n the_o twelve_o the_o self_n same_o year_n of_o his_o election_n he_o be_v depose_v again_o and_o thus_o the_o same_o john_n of_o who_o be_v set_v up_o by_o force_n &_o by_o and_o by_o thrust_v down_o again_o carsulan_n platina_n stella_n and_o other_o do_v make_v mention_v because_o they_o know_v not_o the_o true_a story_n of_o he_o which_o luthprandus_n write_v the_o ignorance_n whereof_o breed_v much_o confusion_n for_o some_o take_v these_o two_o john_n to_o be_v both_o one_o and_o some_o the_o one_o for_o the_o other_o 61._o leo_fw-la the_o sixth_o lo_o the_o sixth_o after_o that_o john_n the_o twelve_o bastard_n of_o marozia_n the_o harlot_n and_o sergius_n the_o pope_n be_v depose_v obtain_v to_o be_v pope_n by_o the_o election_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n and_o clergye_n be_v in_o great_a tumult_n this_o pope_n do_v nothing_o commendable_a but_o the_o establish_n of_o peace_n in_o italye_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v seven_o month_n he_o be_v poison_v by_o marozia_n whereby_o she_o may_v establish_v her_o son_n again_o anno_fw-la 930._o 62._o steven_n the_o seven_o steven_n the_o seven_o do_v as_o leo_n have_v do_v he_o meddle_v with_o nothing_o for_o after_o he_o have_v live_v pope_n two_o year_n in_o peace_n security_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o flesh_n at_o his_o own_o ease_n have_v the_o blind_a world_n ready_o to_o bend_v at_o his_o beck_n he_o take_v his_o death_n in_o a_o cup_n wherewith_o as_o they_o say_v he_o be_v poison_v for_o say_v crantzius_n it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o so_o many_o pope_n at_o this_o time_n die_v so_o soon_o in_o their_o dignity_n which_o be_v a_o great_a presumption_n that_o they_o be_v poison_v as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o be_v know_v to_o be_v 63._o john_n the_o twelve_o iohn_n the_o twelve_o the_o bastard_n imp_n of_o pope_n sergius_n the_o three_o and_o of_o the_o famous_a concubine_n marozia_n be_v now_o again_o make_v pope_n after_o much_o sedition_n at_o this_o time_n a_o fountain_n in_o genua_n flow_v with_o blood_n very_o plentiful_o prognosticatinge_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n that_o immediate_o follow_v for_o the_o aphricans_n sarracen_n and_o hungarian_n waste_v and_o spoil_v all_o and_o slay_v a_o huge_a number_n of_o people_n there_o be_v some_o writer_n as_o be_v say_v before_o that_o make_v two_o johns_n of_o this_o one_o the_o one_o go_v before_o leo_n and_o steven_n who_o they_o say_v never_o enjoy_v the_o pope_n albe_n or_o rochet_n &_o the_o other_o this_o which_o now_o be_v set_v up_o after_o steven_n of_o who_o they_o say_v the_o history_n write_v nothing_o again_o there_o be_v other_o some_o that_o make_v this_o be_v bear_v in_o rome_n &_o the_o other_o bear_v at_o ravenna_n all_o one_o among_o who_o platina_n say_v that_o either_o of_o they_o be_v son_n to_o pope_n sergius_n but_o anselmus_n deceive_v by_o platina_n say_v the_o one_o be_v brother_n to_o the_o other_o but_o other_o writer_n do_v make_v he_o a_o several_a parson_n from_o the_o other_o two_o say_v he_o be_v not_o know_v of_o the_o cronographer_n because_o he_o do_v nothing_o worthy_a of_o memory_n but_o luthprandus_n in_o his_o third_o book_n and_o twelve_o chapter_n write_v thus_o of_o the_o mother_n of_o john_n marozia_n a_o shameless_a concubine_n and_o mother_n to_o pope_n john_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n gui_n do_v send_v messenger_n to_o his_o brother_n hugh_n king_n of_o italy_n a_o burgundian_n bear_v to_o desire_v he_o to_o come_v to_o she_o and_o to_o receive_v of_o she_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o rome_n which_o she_o say_v withal_o she_o can_v not_o do_v unless_o he_o will_v take_v she_o to_o be_v his_o wife_n for_o which_o her_o incestuous_a desire_n luthprandus_n write_v thus_o against_o she_o in_o verse_n whye_n broil_v thus_o wvith_o venus_n brand_n marozia_n do_v thou_o rave_v thunlawfull_a love_n and_o will_v thou_o of_o thy_o husband_n brother_n have_v dare_v buxom_a dame_n herodia_n two_o natural_a brethren_n wed_v lo_o lady_n blind_a john_n baptist_n law_n be_v quite_o out_o of_o thy_o head_n who_o do_v forbid_v that_o brother_n with_o his_o brother_n wife_n shall_v meâ—l_v and_o moses_n law_n do_v not_o allow_v thy_o do_v to_o be_v well_o who_o do_v command_v the_o brother_n raise_v unto_o his_o brother_n seed_n if_o that_o the_o former_a by_o his_o wife_n have_v issue_v none_o in_o deed_n but_o that_o thy_o husband_n child_n have_v by_o the_o can_v be_v declare_v it_o be_v so_o say_v you_o but_o drunken_a love_n do_v nothing_o it_o regard_n king_n hugh_n even_o as_o a_o ox_n to_o death_n for_o thy_o desire_n be_v bring_v who_o mind_n not_o for_o to_o gain_v thy_o love_n but_o rather_o rome_n have_v seek_v what_o boot_v it_o thou_o curse_a dame_n this_o noble_a man_n to_o spoil_v for_o seâ—king_v thus_o by_o sin_n to_o gain_v a_o queenly_a place_n a_o while_n jehovah_n judge_n do_v make_v thou_o lose_v both_o rome_n and_o all_o the_o toil_n upon_o the_o say_a message_n the_o king_n leave_v his_o army_n aloof_o come_v to_o rome_n who_o be_v honourable_o receive_v pass_v forth_o unto_o the_o strong_a hold_n s._n angel_n castle_n and_o so_o into_o the_o bed_n chamber_n of_o marozia_n after_o he_o be_v establish_v in_o uncesteous_a marriage_n with_o she_o he_o begin_v to_o contemn_v and_o despise_v the_o roman_n at_o which_o time_n marozia_n have_v a_o son_n name_v albericus_n brother_n to_o pope_n john_n but_o beget_v by_o marquis_n albericus_n while_o this_o albericus_n at_o his_o mother_n bid_n give_v water_n to_o king_n hugh_n washinge_v his_o hand_n the_o king_n because_o he_o do_v it_o not_o handsomelye_o give_v he_o a_o blâ—w_n on_o the_o face_n hereupon_o albericus_n to_o revenge_v this_o injury_n call_n the_o roman_n together_o speak_v thus_o unto_o they_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o rome_n be_v bring_v to_o such_o doultishnes_n and_o folly_n that_o it_o be_v now_o control_v even_o by_o harlot_n for_o what_o be_v more_o abominable_a what_o more_o shameful_a then_o that_o rome_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o obeisance_n through_o the_o incest_n of_o one_o woman_n and_o that_o the_o burgundian_n whilom_o slave_n to_o the_o roman_n shall_v now_o be_v lord_n over_o they_o if_o he_o be_v yet_o especial_o but_o a_o new_a come_v guess_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o dash_n i_o on_o the_o face_n be_v his_o very_a son_n in_o law_n how_o think_v you_o will_v he_o deal_v with_o you_o in_o process_n of_o time_n know_v you_o not_o the_o pride_n of_o a_o burgundian_n &_o c_o this_o be_v say_v without_o any_o delay_n the_o roman_n all_o defy_v king_n hugh_n &_o choose_v the_o same_o albericus_n to_o be_v their_o prince_n king_n hugh_n be_v drive_v into_o this_o terrible_a fear_n be_v compel_v to_o forsake_v rome_n and_o leave_v marozia_n flee_v to_o his_o own_o company_n then_o albericus_n and_o his_o mother_n marozia_n do_v only_o enjoy_v the_o monarch_n of_o rome_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o popedom_n who_o spendinge_v five_a year_n in_o popish_a practice_n die_v anno_fw-la 937_o while_o the_o harlotte_n his_o mother_n rule_v as_o well_o the_o estate_n temporal_a as_o spiritual_a in_o rome_n 64._o leo_fw-la the_o seven_o lo_o the_o seven_o succeed_v john_n because_o he_o desire_v to_o live_v quiet_o meddle_v with_o no_o matter_n but_o as_o a_o slothful_a parson_n do_v nothing_o worthy_a remembrance_n in_o his_o time_n say_v luthprandus_n the_o say_a king_n hugh_n forsake_v his_o wife_n berta_n love_v especial_o three_o concubine_n bezola_n roze_n &_o stephana_n and_o because_o they_o be_v such_o notorious_a harlot_n he_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o three_o goddess_n call_n bezola_n venus_n roze_n juno_n and_o stephana_n semele_n by_o bezola_n he_o have_v a_o son_n call_v bozones_n who_o he_o make_v bishop_n of_o placentia_n by_o stephana_n he_o have_v theobaldus_fw-la make_v archdeacon_n of_o milan_n church_n and_o by_o rosa_n he_o have_v another_o great_a prelate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o a_o daughter_n beside_o in_o those_o day_n many_o see_v blood_n rain_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n as_o masseus_n write_v and_o after_o it_o follow_v a_o great_a pestilence_n among_o man_n leo_n die_v an._n 941._o 65._o steven_n the_o eight_o steven_n the_o eight_o a_o german_a obtain_v y_o pope_n chair_n after_o this_o leo_n yet_o this_o seem_v strange_a to_o many_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v because_o no_o emperor_n out_o of_o germany_n procure_v it_o but_o steven_n be_v notwithstanding_o pope_n be_v so_o vex_v with_o civil_a sedition_n among_o the_o
thincarnation_n 60._o paul_n as_o be_v say_v be_v prisoner_n at_o rome_n who_o for_o the_o time_n of_o his_o abode_n there_o so_o plant_v the_o gospel_n that_o at_o his_o depart_n from_o thence_o he_o leave_v great_a fruit_n thereof_o and_o such_o in_o deed_n as_o if_o peter_n have_v succeed_v paul_n within_o two_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o there_o supply_v the_o room_n of_o a_o bishop_n cornelius_n tacitus_n speak_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o rome_n about_o the_o year_n 67._o be_v but_o seven_o year_n after_o paul_n departure_n shall_v not_o have_v have_v cause_n so_o soon_o to_o say_v as_o he_o do_v y_fw-fr by_o that_o time_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v repress_v for_o vspergensis_n say_v that_o in_o the_o 67._o year_n nero_n do_v set_v rome_n on_o fire_n of_o the_o which_o cornelius_n tacitus_n writing_n lib._n 15._o augustae_fw-la historiae_fw-la say_v ergo_fw-la abolendo_fw-la rumori_fw-la nero_n subdidit_fw-la reos_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o nero_n to_o stop_v the_o rumour_n of_o his_o set_v the_o city_n on_o fire_n suborn_v guilty_a person_n and_o execute_v with_o strange_a punishment_n those_o who_o the_o vulgar_a people_n detest_a for_o their_o wickedness_n do_v call_v christian_n that_o mischevous_a superstition_n be_v repress_v till_o now_o break_v out_o again_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o first_o they_o be_v take_v that_o confess_v it_o afterward_o by_o their_o accusation_n a_o huge_a multitude_n not_o so_o much_o for_o that_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o fyre_v the_o city_n as_o for_o hatred_n be_v condemn_v and_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o great_a despite_n some_o encase_v in_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n that_o they_o may_v be_v tear_v in_o piece_n with_o dog_n some_o crucify_a some_o be_v burn_v to_o give_v light_n in_o the_o night_n time_n etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o tacitus_n notwithstanding_o as_o it_o appear_v he_o be_v a_o blasphemer_n of_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n by_o these_o word_n of_o he_o it_o appear_v that_o now_o christianity_n begin_v to_o revive_v and_o that_o now_o it_o be_v quench_v which_o argue_v plain_a that_o from_o the_o former_a time_n of_o paul_n departure_n till_o this_o time_n peter_n have_v not_o supply_v in_o rome_n the_o place_n of_o a_o preach_a pastor_n and_o diligent_a bishop_n and_o see_v this_o broil_n against_o the_o christian_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v so_o hot_a not_o in_o all_o place_n but_o especial_o in_o rome_n how_o can_v peter_n sit_v quiet_o in_o this_o city_n as_o bishop_n thereof_o and_o not_o be_v fire_v out_o with_o his_o flock_n but_o they_o say_v all_o that_o he_o live_v after_o this_o time_n about_o three_o year_n for_o this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o nero_n who_o reign_v almost_o xiiii_o year_n and_o peter_n be_v martyr_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o nero_n as_o they_o say_v all_o if_o this_o reviue_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v by_o peter_n mean_n why_o will_v nero_n spare_v he_o be_v the_o head_n if_o peter_n escape_v by_o fly_v than_o he_o show_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o hierling_n and_o no_o true_a shepeherde_n that_o forsake_v his_o flock_n when_o he_o see_v the_o wolf_n come_v ¶_o from_o the_o year_n 67._o to_o the_o 70._o of_o thincarnation_n now_o be_v we_o come_v to_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o nero_n in_o which_o year_n if_o peter_n be_v not_o bishop_n of_o rome_n then_o be_v it_o certain_a that_o he_o be_v not_o bishop_n there_o at_o all_o but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o purpose_n naucler_n volu_fw-la 2._o generate_fw-la 2._o and_o the_o most_o writer_n as_o eusebius_n lib._n 2_o cap._n 25_o nicephorus_n li._n 2._o cap._n 34._o sabellicus_n ennead_n 7._o li._n 2._o agree_v that_o paul_n die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 70._o the_o 37._o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n but_o it_o may_v soon_o appear_v that_o peter_n be_v not_o then_o bishop_n at_o paul_n last_o come_v to_o rome_n for_o after_o paul_n be_v come_v thither_o he_o send_v for_o timothy_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o show_v that_o he_o have_v need_n of_o he_o to_o come_v to_o he_o because_o he_o be_v now_o desolate_a and_o have_v none_o with_o he_o demas_n have_v forsake_v he_o now_o and_o embrace_v the_o world_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o if_o this_o epistle_n be_v not_o write_v at_o the_o first_o imprisonment_n of_o paul_n but_o at_o this_o latter_a time_n then_o be_v not_o peter_n yet_o estal_v in_o his_o diocese_n for_o if_o he_o have_v be_v in_o rome_n in_o his_o pontifical_a dignity_n i_o think_v paul_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v dryven_v to_o send_v to_o ephesus_n 1000_o mile_n from_o rome_n for_o timothy_n to_o bring_v mark_n to_o come_v to_o minister_v to_o he_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o second_o epistle_n to_o timothy_n paul_n send_v commendation_n from_o diverse_a but_o none_o from_o peter_n there_o be_v xiiii_o epistle_n whereof_z paul_n and_o seneca_n bear_v the_o name_n the_o one_o write_v to_o the_o other_o at_o this_o late_a imprysonnement_n and_o yet_o among_o they_o all_o nothing_o be_v say_v of_o peter_n and_o yet_o by_o occasion_n he_o may_v easy_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o they_o if_o he_o have_v be_v then_o in_o rome_n but_o if_o by_o this_o time_n peter_n be_v not_o yet_o pope_n of_o rome_n there_o be_v no_o time_n leave_v for_o he_o to_o come_v to_o enjoy_v it_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o nero_n till_o who_o death_n this_o present_a persecution_n of_o the_o church_n endure_v with_o all_o cruelty_n ¶_o the_o death_n of_o peter_n touch_v the_o death_n of_o peter_n all_o writer_n do_v not_o agree_v as_o it_o be_v sufficient_o declare_v in_o the_o act_n and_o monument_n fol._n 56._o in_o these_o word_n they_z that_o follow_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o the_o pope_n decree_n say_v that_o both_o peter_n and_o paul_n suffer_v both_o in_o one_o day_n and_o one_o year_n which_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o dionysius_n bishop_n of_o corinthe_n hierome_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustr_n affirm_v that_o they_o suffer_v both_o in_o one_o day_n but_o he_o express_v not_o the_o year_n so_o do_v isiodorus_n and_o eusebius_n prudentius_n in_o his_o peristephano_n note_v that_o they_o both_o be_v put_v to_o death_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o year_n &_o say_v that_o paul_n follow_v peter_n a_o year_n after_o abdias_n record_v that_o paul_n suffer_v two_o year_n after_o peter_n moreover_o if_o it_o be_v true_a which_o abdias_n say_v that_o after_o the_o crucify_a of_o peter_n paul_n remain_v in_o his_o free_a custody_n at_o rome_n mention_v in_o the_o 28._o of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n which_o be_v as_o s._n hierome_n witness_v in_o the_o third_o or_o four_o year_n of_o nero_n then_o must_v it_o be_v ten_o year_n betwixt_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o peter_n and_o of_o paul_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v by_o all_o writer_n confess_v that_o paul_n suffer_v in_o the_o xiiii_o year_n which_o be_v the_o last_o year_n of_o nero._n vspergensis_n saithe_v that_o they_o be_v both_o execute_v in_o one_o year_n but_o he_o note_v not_o that_o they_o die_v in_o one_o day_n sabellicus_n say_v both_o in_o one_o year_n &_o one_o day_n some_o say_v as_o ambrose_n that_o they_o die_v together_o both_o in_o one_o place_n but_o dionysius_n say_v otherwise_o that_o the_o one_o bad_a other_o farewell_n when_o they_o be_v part_v asunder_o go_v to_o death_n again_o the_o most_o writer_n say_v that_o nero_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o linus_n say_v agrippa_n command_v that_o peter_n shall_v be_v slay_v because_o that_o by_o his_o persuasion_n four_o of_o the_o concubine_n of_o agrippa_n refuse_v to_o live_v any_o long_o in_o such_o unchaste_a life_n with_o the_o king_n therefore_o for_o anger_n he_o command_v that_o peter_n shall_v be_v crucify_v final_o s._n hierome_n and_o lyra_n write_v upon_o the_o 34._o verse_n of_o the_o 22._o chap._n of_o mathewe_n say_v that_o peter_n be_v put_v to_o death_n at_o jerusalem_n by_o the_o jew_n and_o that_o christ_n prophesy_v thereof_o say_v lo_o i_o send_v you_o prophet_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o of_o they_o you_o shall_v kill_v many_o thing_n may_v be_v add_v to_o disprove_v this_o dotage_n of_o peter_n be_v bishop_n at_o rome_n but_o because_o i_o think_v this_o to_o be_v sufficient_a i_o let_v pass_v diverse_a necessary_a thing_n lest_o i_o shall_v be_v over_o tedious_a but_o if_o any_o be_v desirous_a to_o see_v this_o matter_n more_o suffitient_o handle_v let_v he_o read_v vlrichus_n velenus_n write_v purposely_o of_o this_o in_o a_o little_a book_n call_v demonstrationes_fw-la contra_fw-la romani_fw-la papae_fw-la primatus_fw-la figmentum_fw-la beside_o there_o have_v be_v of_o late_o set_v forth_o in_o english_a a_o discourse_n
say_v that_o there_o be_v five_o thousand_o christian_n martyr_v every_o day_n in_o the_o year_n save_v the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n for_o they_o be_v persecute_v by_o nero_n his_o commandment_n in_o all_o place_n with_o diverse_a &_o strange_a kind_n of_o torment_n and_o reproachful_a villainy_n not_o to_o be_v mention_v the_o second_o persecution_n be_v move_v by_o the_o emperor_n domician_n anno._n 96._o who_o be_v a_o man_n so_o much_o delight_v in_o kill_v &_o murder_v that_o as_o the_o proverb_n go_v of_o he_o he_o will_v not_o have_v a_o fly_n alive_a with_o he_o for_o be_v as_o he_o covet_v most_o solitary_a by_o himself_o in_o his_o palace_n he_o use_v to_o catch_v and_o kill_v all_o the_o fly_n that_o come_v in_o his_o way_n again_o he_o be_v so_o haughty_a above_o measure_n that_o he_o will_v needs_o be_v count_v a_o god_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v judge_v what_o rest_n the_o christian_n have_v in_o his_o time_n the_o third_o persecution_n be_v raise_v by_o traianus_n anno_fw-la 100_o so_o bloude_o that_o even_o the_o heathen_a pliny_n move_v with_o pity_n bewail_v it_o unto_o the_o emperor_n the_o four_o persecution_n be_v stir_v anno._n 167._o by_o the_o emperor_n marcus_n antonius_n last_a long_o under_o sundry_a emperor_n unmerciful_o the_o five_o persecution_n be_v cause_v by_o severus_n the_o emperor_n with_o all_o severity_n forbid_v that_o any_o more_o shall_v be_v baptize_v purpose_v so_o to_o root_v out_o the_o name_n of_o christian_n anno._n 205._o the_o six_o persecution_n be_v enkindle_v by_o maximinê°_n 237._o the_o seven_o be_v inflame_v by_o decius_n the_o emperor_n anno._n 250._o as_o terrible_a as_o the_o rest_n the_o eight_o be_v broach_v by_o diverse_a parsone_n in_o diverse_a place_n as_o by_o galerius_n maximus_n and_o paternus_n proconsul_n in_o aphrica_n by_o emilianus_fw-la livetenaunt_n in_o egypt_n beside_o diverse_a other_o great_a magistrate_n in_o rome_n &_o else_o where_o anno._n 259._o the_o nine_o by_o the_o emperor_n aurelianus_n anno._n 278._o the_o ten_o and_o last_o as_o the_o last_o act_n of_o a_o tragedy_n be_v bring_v upon_o the_o church_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o saveige_n cruelty_n without_o pity_n or_o compassion_n by_o the_o bloody_a tyrant_n dioclesian_n and_o continue_v by_o other_o till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o noble_a constantine_n and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n under_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n for_o these_o year_n now_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_v of_o what_o majesty_n and_o countenance_n the_o prelate_n in_o this_o time_n be_v like_a to_o be_v of_o what_o wealth_n &_o ability_n to_o maintain_v a_o pompous_a estate_n or_o what_o it_o be_v that_o may_v move_v they_o to_o make_v any_o such_o ambitious_a decree_n as_o have_v be_v false_o forge_v on_o they_o and_o hereby_o discern_v the_o after_o age_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n to_o this_o day_n how_o far_o they_o differ_v from_o this_o as_o shall_v appear_v the_z first_z company_n of_o roman_a bishop_n be_v in_o number_n to_o sylvester_n the_o first_o xxxij_o all_o which_o be_v godly_a and_o faithful_a pastor_n far_o from_o all_o worldly_a pomp_n and_o glory_n either_o in_o pride_n of_o atty_a as_o mitre_n and_o pall_n or_o of_o haughty_a and_o ambitious_a title_n of_o christ_n general_a vicar_n but_o painful_a preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n with_o all_o humility_n and_o constant_a martyr_n in_o the_o end_n 1._o linus_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o rome_n as_o some_o think_v the_o first_o bishop_n be_v one_o linus_n a_o thuscane_a bear_v a_o man_n of_o pure_a and_o godly_a life_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o the_o apostle_n who_o for_o preach_v the_o gospel_n suffer_v martyrdom_n under_o saturninus_n the_o consul_n while_o vespasian_n reign_v diverse_a fancy_n be_v father_v upon_o this_o man_n as_o that_o he_o decree_v by_o the_o commandment_n of_o peter_n be_v dead_a that_o no_o woman_n shall_v enter_v into_o the_o temple_n bareheaded_a which_o can_v be_v for_o there_o be_v no_o temple_n in_o rome_n till_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n for_o christian_a congregation_n and_o manâ—uan_n fast_a 1._o testify_v that_o they_o be_v fain_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o tyrant_n to_o forsake_v town_n and_o city_n and_o to_o live_v in_o these_o day_n in_o desert_n wood_n and_o mountain_n which_o may_v bewray_v the_o dotage_n of_o platina_n and_o other_o who_o charge_v these_o first_o godly_a martyr_n with_o diverse_a superstition_n divise_v by_o other_o long_a after_o 2._o anacletus_fw-la the_o first_o anacletus_n bear_v at_o athens_n by_o irenaeus_n be_v place_v next_o after_o linus_n he_o be_v of_o a_o excellent_a and_o fervent_a spirit_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n plant_v the_o church_n of_o god_n with_o daily_a labour_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o domitian_n anno._n 94._o certain_a epistle_n and_o decree_n stuff_v full_a of_o falsehood_n and_o untruth_n join_v with_o ambition_n touch_v the_o order_n &_o primacy_n of_o bishop_n be_v counterfeit_v in_o his_o name_n but_o flaccus_n illyricus_n in_o the_o first_o centurie_n do_v so_o rip_v the_o seam_n of_o they_o that_o every_o man_n may_v perceive_v what_o botch_v stuff_n it_o be_v beside_o mantuan_n say_v that_o he_o live_v long_a not_o in_o any_o such_o estate_n to_o have_v occasion_n to_o write_v of_o such_o matter_n but_o in_o cave_n and_o den_n among_o wood_n 3._o clement_n the_o first_o the_o next_o be_v clement_n a_o roman_a who_o advance_v the_o gospel_n by_o continual_a preach_n and_o good_a dede_n they_z forge_n of_o he_o that_o he_o do_v divide_v rome_n into_o parish_n church_n who_o have_v scant_o a_o lodging_n in_o it_o again_o they_o slander_v he_o that_o he_o make_v order_n in_o rome_n for_o confirmation_n of_o child_n for_o mass_n apparel_n vesture_n and_o popish_a ceremony_n and_o yet_o he_o silly_a man_n be_v of_o so_o small_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o establish_v these_o thing_n in_o rome_n that_o he_o be_v a_o long_a time_n banish_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o hew_v marble_n stone_n and_o at_o the_o length_n with_o a_o anchor_n about_o his_o neck_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n anno._n 102._o so_o write_v mantuan_n fasto_fw-la 11._o 4._o euaristus_n the_o first_o evaristus_n a_o grecian_a be_v especial_o endue_v with_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n whereby_o in_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n he_o cease_v not_o to_o increase_v the_o church_n of_o christ_n by_o his_o diligent_a preach_n till_o he_o be_v martyr_v under_o traian_n an._n 110._o 5._o alexander_n the_o first_o alexander_n a_o roman_a do_v travail_n painful_o both_o to_o preach_v and_o baptize_v he_o suffer_v great_a torment_n till_o he_o die_v thereof_o under_o one_o aurelianus_n precedent_n to_o the_o emperor_n anno._n 121._o 6._o sixtus_n the_o first_o sixtus_n a_o roman_a do_v both_o preach_v diligent_o and_o do_v many_o good_a work_n he_o beautify_v the_o church_n with_o godly_a deed_n be_v ever_o vigilant_a and_o careful_a for_o his_o flock_n and_o die_v for_o it_o anno._n 129._o these_o three_o good_a bishop_n be_v slander_v with_o certain_a popish_a decree_n as_o touch_v consecrate_v of_o the_o clergy_n holy_a water_n and_o holy_a vessel_n but_o old_a verse_n make_v of_o these_o time_n do_v testify_v that_o they_o be_v not_o at_o such_o leisure_n to_o furnish_v or_o rather_o disguise_v the_o church_n with_o these_o superstitious_a ceremony_n thus_o do_v some_o write_v of_o these_o time_n vrbibus_fw-la antiqui_fw-la patres_fw-la fugiere_fw-la relictis_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o tyrant_n do_v our_o ancestor_n compel_v to_o fly_v to_o wood_n and_o not_o in_o town_n to_o dwell_v 7._o telesphorus_n the_o first_o telesphorus_n a_o grecian_a be_v a_o worthy_a man_n for_o learning_n and_o godly_a life_n he_o bare_a witness_n of_o christ_n most_o faithful_o both_o by_o his_o word_n and_o death_n under_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n who_o execute_v he_o anno._n 140._o he_o be_v slander_v to_o have_v decree_v that_o three_o mass_n shall_v be_v say_v on_o christmas_n day_n and_o yet_o at_o this_o time_n the_o mass_n be_v unhatched_a yea_o the_o dame_n thereof_o except_o satan_n the_o bell_n sire_n be_v as_o a_o man_n may_v say_v not_o yet_o a_o egg_n in_o the_o neaste_n of_o that_o unclean_a bird_n neither_o be_v the_o superstition_n of_o make_v difference_n of_o day_n yet_o creep_v into_o the_o church_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o paul_n galath_n 4._o but_o such_o superstitious_a fast_v as_o afterward_o choke_v the_o church_n be_v not_o divise_v by_o this_o bishop_n but_o rather_o by_o montanus_n the_o heretic_n who_o beside_o this_o make_v it_o lawful_a to_o break_v wedlock_n and_o to_o dissolve_v the_o band_n of_o matrimony_n 8._o higinus_n the_o first_o higinus_n bear_v in_o athens_n be_v of_o a_o christian_a philosopher_n make_v a_o bishop_n discharge_v the_o duty_n of_o
the_o popedom_n itself_o and_o what_o craft_n the_o devil_n wrought_v in_o they_o before_o the_o great_a antechriste_n come_v and_o be_v reveal_v to_o the_o full_a so_o that_o as_o you_o see_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n here_o again_o alter_v their_o name_n the_o second_o time_n to_o title_n of_o great_a dignity_n that_o be_v from_o archbishop_n to_o patriarch_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n follow_v for_o a_o season_n be_v call_v 21._o john_n the_o first_o iohn_n the_o first_o a_o thuscane_a who_o theodoricus_n king_n of_o italy_n send_v for_o then_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o prince_n as_o his_o orator_n with_o certain_a other_o unto_o justinus_n the_o emperor_n this_o bishop_n be_v the_o worthy_a man_n of_o all_o this_o latter_a company_n give_v a_o testimony_n of_o his_o pure_a life_n by_o suftr_v patient_o undeserued_a death_n he_o decree_v and_o that_o very_o godly_a that_o if_o any_o man_n be_v rob_v of_o any_o thing_n he_o shall_v have_v all_o restore_v again_o but_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v false_a that_o he_o shall_v restore_v three_o churcheyarde_n enrich_v the_o church_n with_o gift_n or_o deck_v the_o altar_n with_o gold_n silver_n or_o precious_a stone_n as_o platina_n and_o other_o write_v lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v nothing_o to_o have_v increase_v the_o kingdom_n of_o antichriste_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v comfortable_a epistle_n of_o his_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o italy_n whereby_o he_o warn_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o shrink_v from_o their_o purpose_n but_o stand_v to_o it_o stout_o although_o that_o the_o say_a king_n theodoricus_n foul_o taint_v with_o the_o arrian_n heresy_n have_v threaten_v to_o destroy_v they_o and_o all_o italy_n for_o the_o which_o at_o the_o tyrannous_a commandment_n of_o theodoricus_n anno_fw-la 527._o he_o perish_v at_o ravenna_n through_o famine_n stink_n &_o noysomnes_n in_o the_o prison_n as_o touch_v arrius_n thus_o mantuan_n write_v of_o he_o this_o arrius_n even_o the_o deadly_a bain_n infect_v mankind_n and_o bear_v to_o break_v god_n law_n and_o quench_v the_o faith_n of_o christian_a mind_n have_v venomed_a sundry_a nation_n infect_v all_o the_o world_n 22._o foelix_fw-la the_o four_o foelix_fw-la the_o four_o be_v bear_v in_o samia_n be_v not_o very_o careful_a in_o his_o pastoral_a charge_n and_o cast_v of_o the_o office_n of_o preach_v build_v the_o church_n of_o cosma_n and_o damianus_n he_o restore_v saturninus_n temple_n and_o repair_v other_o temple_n of_o the_o dead_a he_o command_v that_o mass_n shall_v be_v say_v only_o in_o hallow_v place_n he_o make_v a_o partition_n between_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n in_o the_o church_n he_o excommunicate_v the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n misdemed_a of_o heresy_n he_o command_v that_o if_o a_o priest_n die_v another_z shall_v succeade_v he_o two_o day_n after_o and_o command_v precise_o that_o they_o that_o lie_v a_o buy_n shall_v be_v anoint_v with_o hallow_a oil_n and_o die_v a_o confessor_n anno._n 530._o 23._o boniface_n the_o second_o boniface_n the_o second_o a_o roman_a be_v make_v bishop_n when_o the_o clergy_n be_v at_o great_a jar_n ready_a to_o go_v together_o by_o the_o ear_n he_o make_v canon_n especial_o this_o one_o that_o within_o three_o day_n after_o one_o bishop_n be_v dead_a another_z shall_v be_v appoint_v in_o his_o room_n he_o follow_v foelix_n do_v sever_v the_o clergy_n from_o the_o layetie_n by_o make_v the_o quire_n in_o the_o church_n and_o that_o for_o double_a policy_n the_o one_o be_v that_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v at_o length_n take_v from_o the_o people_n both_o their_o place_n and_o their_o voice_n which_o they_o have_v in_o choose_v the_o bishop_n &_o that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o of_o they_o to_o sue_v a_o bishop_n or_o any_o of_o the_o clergy_n in_o any_o cause_n civil_a or_o criminal_a before_o a_o temporal_a magistrate_n but_o mark_v what_o happen_v these_o wretch_n through_o their_o pride_n as_o i_o think_v while_o even_o like_o the_o pharisy_n they_o will_v be_v count_v holy_a than_o other_o with_o their_o shave_a head_n their_o anoint_a finger_n &_o sever_a chauncelle_v devide_v themselves_o from_o the_o faithful_a that_o be_v redeem_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v lest_o hereby_o they_o become_v the_o goat_n that_o in_o the_o last_o day_n shall_v be_v divide_v from_o the_o lamb_n math._n 25_o as_o not_o pertain_v to_o the_o mystical_a body_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v how_o much_o these_o man_n swerve_v from_o peter_n the_o apostle_n of_o who_o they_o boast_n so_o much_o to_o who_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a in_o the_o ten_o of_o the_o act_n to_o decree_v of_o cornelius_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v either_o a_o layeman_n or_o a_o profane_a person_n boniface_n die_v a_o confessor_n anno._n 532._o 24._o john_n the_o second_o iohn_n the_o second_o be_v a_o roman_a who_o otherwise_o for_o his_o eloquencie_n be_v call_v mercury_n or_o juppiter_n his_o ambassador_n justinianus_n the_o emperor_n send_v unto_o this_o man_n a_o cup_n of_o gold_n of_o six_o pound_n weight_n beset_v with_o precious_a stone_n and_o two_o silver_n cup_n of_o seven_o pound_n weight_n and_o two_o silver_n chalice_n weigh_v fiftene_o pound_n for_o a_o present_a from_o constantinople_n after_o he_o have_v condemn_v athenius_n the_o patriarch_n of_o heresy_n and_o the_o say_a emperor_n command_v his_o bishop_n as_o crantzius_n witness_v to_o talk_v with_o the_o bishop_n in_o his_o name_n most_o friendly_a under_o benediction_n this_o bishop_n die_v a_o confessor_n anno._n 534._o and_o as_o wicelius_n say_v he_o do_v nothing_o of_o any_o value_n 25._o agapetus_n the_o first_o agapetus_n the_o first_o a_o roman_a son_n of_o a_o priest_n call_v cardinal_n gordian_n be_v send_v by_o theodatus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o goth_n as_o his_o ambassador_n to_o pacify_v justinianus_n the_o emperor_n for_o the_o cruel_a murder_n of_o amalasimitha_n a_o noble_a queen_n and_o a_o excellent_a learned_a woman_n who_o worthy_a virtue_n the_o same_o emperor_n reverence_v high_o who_o also_o procure_v his_o peace_n with_o spend_v saint_n peter_n treasure_n he_o decree_v that_o on_o the_o sunday_n they_o shall_v go_v in_o procession_n in_o the_o church_n and_o die_v a_o confessor_n anno._n 535._o 26._o syluerius_n syluerius_n bear_v in_o campania_n son_n of_o hormisda_n a_o bishop_n of_o rome_n when_o agapetus_n be_v dead_a as_o he_o go_v on_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o man_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o theodatus_fw-la king_n of_o goth_n be_v place_v in_o his_o stead_n without_o the_o emperor_n consent_n therefore_o by_o the_o provocation_n of_o vigilius_n a_o dâ—acon_n who_o also_o do_v accuse_v he_o that_o he_o will_v betray_v rome_n to_o the_o goth_n he_o be_v banish_v into_o the_o isle_n pontus_n by_o theodora_n the_o empress_n and_o antonina_n the_o wife_n of_o duke_n bellisarius_fw-la so_o that_o it_o appear_v the_o popedom_n at_o that_o time_n be_v a_o thing_n but_o of_o small_a countenance_n when_o they_o be_v send_v as_o ambassador_n at_o the_o commandment_n of_o inferior_a prince_n &_o can_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o authority_n put_v from_o their_o seat_n by_o woman_n at_o length_n syluerius_n die_v miserable_o in_o his_o banyshement_n be_v a_o hood_a confessor_n anno._n 537._o 27._o vigilius_n vigilius_n a_o roman_a the_o crafty_a accuser_n of_o the_o say_v syluerius_n compass_v the_o bishopric_n by_o subtlety_n be_v advance_v into_o the_o say_a place_n by_o the_o forename_a woman_n whereby_o rome_n have_v then_o two_o bishop_n one_o make_v by_o the_o goth_n another_o by_o the_o greek_n or_o rather_o by_o those_o grekishe_a dame_n and_o be_v use_v ungentle_o but_o not_o unworthe_o of_o they_o for_o either_o of_o they_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o his_o rashness_n for_o the_o one_o attain_a the_o popedom_n by_o craft_n the_o other_o by_o might_n and_o yet_o the_o papist_n will_v have_v they_o both_o reckon_v among_o martyr_n theodora_n do_v sue_v vigilius_n because_o he_o break_v promise_n with_o she_o and_o cause_v he_o first_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o constantinople_n there_o to_o be_v revile_v and_o beat_v and_o afterward_o with_o a_o halter_n about_o his_o neck_n to_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o street_n and_o last_o of_o all_o be_v drive_v into_o banishement_n this_o man_n make_v certain_a lesson_n of_o his_o own_o for_o the_o holiday_n to_o be_v read_v in_o the_o church_n he_o will_v have_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o mother_n of_o other_o church_n he_o appoint_v candelmas_n day_n to_o be_v keep_v holy_a day_n and_o that_o the_o mass_n shall_v be_v say_v the_o priest_n stand_v with_o his_o face_n into_o the_o east_n he_o die_v a_o confessor_n in_o the_o year_n 554._o in_o cicilia_n in_o these_o day_n be_v one_o maurus_n who_o
roman_n that_o he_o can_v do_v nothing_o worthy_a remembrance_n for_o he_o be_v so_o shameful_o wound_v and_o foul_o mangle_v and_o deface_v amid_o the_o broil_n that_o for_o shame_n of_o his_o foul_a disfiguring_n he_o dare_v never_o show_v his_o face_n abroad_o so_o little_a reverence_n have_v the_o pope_n at_o that_o time_n for_o their_o little_a holiness_n steven_n dye_v anno_fw-la 944._o 66._o martin_n the_o three_o martin_n the_o third_o be_v pope_n give_v himself_o only_o to_o repair_v the_o church_n not_o in_o religion_n but_o in_o building_n not_o in_o reforminge_v ceremony_n but_o encreasinge_v the_o dignity_n and_o pomp_n of_o the_o church_n he_o be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o poor_a &_o bestow_v plentiful_o on_o their_o belly_n he_o be_v diligent_a in_o reformation_n of_o outward_a manner_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o this_o pope_n a_o great_a blaze_a star_n be_v see_v in_o italye_n after_o which_o say_v vspergensis_n follow_v a_o extreme_a famine_n and_o again_o say_v masseus_n the_o sun_n appear_v very_o terrible_a threaten_v the_o sequeale_v of_o god_n vengeance_n martin_n dye_v anno_fw-la 947._o 67._o agapetus_n the_o second_o agapetus_n the_o second_o be_v pope_n rule_v popelike_a in_o the_o time_n of_o one_o berengarius_fw-la a_o marquis_n of_o italy_n who_o be_v the_o last_o of_o that_o name_n that_o have_v that_o dignity_n after_o hugh_n this_o berengarius_fw-la be_v report_v to_o have_v dryven_v many_o monk_n out_o of_o their_o cloister_n which_o live_v idellye_o and_o give_v themselves_o to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o world_n the_o pope_n perceive_v how_o he_o can_v not_o rule_v berengarius_fw-la in_o these_o and_o such_o other_o spiritual_a matter_n &_o that_o he_o will_v not_o restrain_v his_o soveraignitie_n according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o he_o and_o he_o he_o send_v for_o otho_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o german_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n promise_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o fight_v with_o berengarius_fw-la and_o so_o say_v sabellicus_n trouble_v the_o estate_n of_o that_o country_n and_o except_o it_o be_v the_o set_v of_o these_o prince_n together_o by_o the_o ear_n he_o do_v nothing_o worthy_a memory_n till_o his_o death_n be_v anno._n 954._o in_o his_o time_n be_v a_o counsel_n hold_v at_o ingelhaim_n but_o such_o be_v the_o negligence_n of_o the_o time_n that_o no_o man_n can_v tell_v what_o be_v do_v there_o or_o wherefore_o it_o be_v 68_o john_n the_o thirtene_n iohn_n the_o thirtene_n be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o foresay_a albericus_n son_n to_o marozia_n obtain_v to_o be_v pope_n partly_o by_o the_o bribery_n partly_o by_o the_o threaten_n of_o his_o father_n albericus_n be_v prince_n he_o be_v pope_n live_v not_o like_o a_o bishop_n but_o altogether_o like_o a_o rank_n ruffianly_a roister_n geve_v himself_o whole_o to_o all_o kind_n of_o pleasure_n as_o to_o whoredom_n adultery_n incest_n mask_v &_o mom_v hunt_a maygame_n play_n robbery_n fyre_v of_o house_n perjury_n dice_n card_n blaâ—ing_v rob_v of_o church_n and_o other_o villainy_n even_o from_o his_o youth_n he_o misuse_v his_o cardinal_n in_o crop_v their_o nose_n thrust_v out_o their_o eye_n chap_a of_o their_o finger_n and_o hand_n cut_v out_o their_o tongue_n gelding_n they_o and_o use_v diverse_a diverse_o for_o before_o the_o emperor_n otho_n in_o a_o open_a synod_n it_o be_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n as_o luthprandus_n write_v in_o his_o sixth_o book_n that_o he_o never_o say_v matin_n that_o in_o celebrate_v the_o mass_n he_o himself_o have_v not_o communicate_v that_o he_o make_v deacon_n in_o his_o stable_n among_o his_o horse_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v incest_n with_o two_o harlot_n be_v his_o own_o sister_n that_o he_o play_v at_o dice_n pray_v to_o the_o devil_n to_o send_v he_o good_a luck_n that_o for_o money_n he_o admit_v boy_n to_o be_v bishop_n he_o have_v ravish_v virgin_n and_o strange_a woman_n he_o have_v make_v the_o holy_a palace_n of_o lateran_n a_o stew_n &_o brothel_n house_n that_o he_o have_v deflower_v stephana_n his_o father_n concubine_n and_o one_o rainera_n a_o widow_n beside_o one_o anna_n a_o other_o widow_n and_o her_o niece_n that_o he_o have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o benedict_n his_o ghostly_a father_n use_v common_a hunt_v that_o he_o wear_v armour_n and_o set_v house_n on_o fire_n brace_v open_a door_n and_o wyndowe_n by_o night_n that_o he_o take_v a_o cup_n of_o wine_n &_o drink_v to_o the_o devil_n and_o never_o bless_v himself_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n these_o and_o many_o more_o odious_a article_n be_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n whereupon_o the_o emperor_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o prelate_n depose_v he_o and_o leo_n the_o eight_o be_v set_v up_o in_o his_o stead_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n be_v go_v those_o harlotte_n that_o have_v be_v his_o companion_n inveigle_v the_o noble_n of_o rome_n promise_v they_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n to_o depose_v leo_n and_o place_n john_n again_o which_o they_o do_v out_o of_o hand_n and_o so_o leo_n who_o the_o emperor_n appoint_v be_v depose_v and_o john_n establish_v again_o who_o in_o his_o popeship_n decree_v that_o the_o emperor_n shall_v ever_o be_v crown_v at_o rome_n by_o the_o pope_n but_o as_o he_o be_v solace_v himself_o with_o out_o rome_n on_o a_o certain_a night_n with_o the_o wife_n of_o one_o that_o be_v a_o valiant_a man_n he_o be_v take_v by_o he_o even_o in_o his_o adultery_n and_o so_o sore_a and_o deep_o wound_v with_o a_o dagger_n that_o he_o die_v thereof_o within_o eight_o day_n in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o popedom_n as_o mantuan_n witness_v of_o this_o pope_n john_n s._n dunstane_n a_o nicromancier_n and_o a_o conjure_a monk_n archbishop_n of_o caunterbury_n in_o england_n receive_v at_o rome_n confirmation_n and_o pall_n to_o be_v metropolitan_a anno._n 960._o this_o dunstane_n do_v shameful_o snaffle_n king_n edgar_n for_o the_o king_n have_v deflower_v a_o certain_a nun_n for_o the_o which_o cause_n dunstane_n do_v so_o taunt_n and_o rate_n he_o that_o the_o king_n fall_v down_o flat_a before_o he_o offer_v to_o submit_v himself_o to_o any_o satisfaction_n and_o obey_v this_o that_o be_v command_v he_o by_o dunstane_n first_o because_o he_o be_v yet_o uncrowned_a he_o charge_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o take_v the_o crown_n upon_o he_o for_o seven_o year_n and_o that_o during_o this_o time_n he_o shall_v fast_o twice_o in_o the_o week_n distribute_v his_o treasure_n to_o the_o needy_a build_v a_o noonnery_n at_o shaftesbury_n and_o last_o of_o all_o that_o he_o shall_v drive_v out_o all_o marry_a minister_n call_v they_o adulterous_a priest_n cronicon_n saxonicum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la wigorniensis_n but_o as_o other_o story_n testify_v they_o be_v short_o after_o restore_v again_o &_o the_o monk_n who_o have_v encroch_v their_o place_n be_v deprive_v also_o he_o purchase_v of_o he_o for_o a_o great_a somme_fw-fr of_o money_n a_o commission_n to_o disanulle_v and_o condemn_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o constrain_v they_o to_o single_a life_n or_o else_o to_o deprive_v they_o of_o ecclesiastical_a benefit_n so_o write_v john_n capgrave_n and_o polidor_n virgil._n in_o his_o sixth_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o england_n hereupon_o he_o be_v embolden_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o king_n edgar_n join_v to_o himself_o in_o the_o same_o commission_n oswalde_a bishop_n of_o york_n ethelwalde_a bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o monk_n of_o the_o like_a disposition_n do_v violent_o thrust_v out_o of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n the_o curate_n and_o minister_n which_o will_v not_o forsake_v their_o wife_n and_o plant_v in_o they_o monk_n with_o their_o counterfeit_v chastity_n which_o they_o keep_v until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o most_o renown_a prince_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o but_o many_o there_o be_v that_o stout_o stand_v in_o defiance_n of_o this_o wicked_a do_v especial_o a_o certain_a scot_n do_v bitter_o speak_v against_o it_o of_o this_o pope_n john_n come_v this_o proverb_n as_o merry_a as_o pope_n john_n 69_o benedict_n the_o five_o benedict_n the_o five_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o otho_n the_o emperor_n with_o his_o army_n and_o deprive_v of_o leo_n be_v but_o a_o deacon_n and_o cardinal_n be_v make_v pope_n by_o johns_n friend_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a time_n but_o otho_n will_v not_o suffer_v leo_n who_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o take_v this_o injury_n and_o therefore_o return_v to_o rome_n with_o his_o army_n he_o plonge_v the_o roman_n diverse_a way_n to_o make_v they_o yield_v this_o benedict_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o to_o restore_v leo._n therefore_o after_o they_o have_v keep_v the_o gate_n lock_v two_o month_n they_o yield_v benedict_n unto_o the_o emperor_n and_o receive_v leo_n and_o establish_v he_o solemn_o in_o the_o
time_n anacletus_fw-la seek_v with_o spendinge_v and_o brybinge_v to_o win_v and_o confirm_v all_o man_n good_a will_n toward_o he_o that_o any_o way_n seem_v to_o favour_v he_o he_o make_v roger_n king_n of_o both_o sicil_n to_o be_v his_o friend_n innocentius_n be_v busy_a on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o recover_v the_o popedom_n &_o therefore_o hold_v a_o council_n in_o france_n and_o condemn_a anacletus_fw-la for_o a_o ennemye_n of_o the_o church_n afterward_o he_o go_v to_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n and_o crown_v his_o son_n lewes_n than_o he_o go_v to_o carnotus_fw-la where_o he_o meet_v with_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n persuade_v with_o he_o to_o send_v a_o army_n against_o the_o sarracen_n that_o keep_v the_o holy_a land_n but_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o have_v use_v that_o army_n for_o the_o recover_n of_o his_o popedom_n from_o he_o he_o go_v to_o lotharius_n king_n of_o germanye_a desyringe_n he_o to_o see_v he_o restore_v lotharius_n gyvinge_v his_o oath_n to_o the_o pope_n prepare_v a_o army_n to_o conduct_v innocent_a safe_a to_o rome_n so_o lotharius_n enter_v into_o italye_n with_o a_o puissante_n army_n to_o restore_v innocent_a to_o his_o place_n and_o come_n to_o rome_n divide_v his_o host_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n overthrewe_v anacletus_fw-la with_o duke_n roger_n and_o set_v innocentius_n safe_a in_o lateran_n innocentius_n therefore_o to_o show_v himself_o thanckfull_a crown_v lotharius_n emperor_n and_o give_v to_o reginold_n his_o chief_a captain_n the_o dukedom_n of_o apulia_n that_o be_v none_o of_o his_o own_o to_o bestow_v and_o all_o that_o roger_n possess_v in_o italy_n â–ª_o but_o reginold_n die_v soon_o after_o and_o then_o roger_n claim_v his_o right_n again_o and_o because_o the_o pope_n withstand_v he_o he_o take_v he_o again_o &_o his_o cardinal_n sudden_o ere_o that_o they_o wist_v &_o will_v never_o let_v they_o depart_v until_o they_o have_v grant_v he_o his_o whole_a desire_n yea_o to_o make_v he_o king_n of_o both_o sicil_n and_o so_o since_o that_o time_n the_o kingdom_n of_o sicill_n be_v call_v s._n peter_n patrimonye_n but_o say_v nauclerus_fw-la much_o mischief_n arise_v up_o hereof_o because_o the_o pope_n will_v thus_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o bestow_v of_o princely_a title_n robbinge_v the_o emperor_n of_o that_o right_a which_o they_o have_v get_v by_o the_o sword_n innocentius_n make_v a_o law_n that_o whosoever_o shall_v strike_v a_o anoint_a priest_n or_o shave_a clerk_n shall_v be_v excommunicate_v to_o be_v absolve_v only_o by_o the_o pope_n after_o this_o he_o die_v anno_fw-la 1143._o in_o this_o pope_n time_n steven_n king_n of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1136._o keep_v to_o himself_o and_o use_v in_o his_o own_o power_n the_o investure_n of_o prelate_n and_o lotharius_n the_o emperor_n will_v have_v reclaim_v that_o to_o himself_o which_o the_o pope_n take_v from_o henry_n the_o emperor_n but_o that_o s._n bernard_n be_v then_o of_o great_a credit_n dissuade_v he_o about_o this_o time_n be_v william_n bishop_n of_o york_n call_v s._n william_n of_o york_n who_o be_v poison_v in_o his_o chalice_n by_o his_o chapleyne_n 106._o celestine_n the_o second_o celestine_n the_o second_o a_o tuscan_a succeed_v innocent_a by_o the_o commandment_n of_o conradus_n his_o life_n be_v so_o short_a that_o he_o can_v not_o play_v the_o pope_n like_o other_o at_o this_o time_n be_v a_o great_a contagious_a plague_n through_o out_o all_o italy_n celestine_n die_v in_o the_o sixth_o month_n of_o his_o popeship_n in_o his_o time_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n in_o england_n hold_v a_o council_n where_o be_v conclude_v that_o if_o any_o man_n abuse_v either_o church_n or_o churchyard_n or_o lay_v hand_n on_o a_o ecclesiastical_a person_n he_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_a to_o be_v absolve_v only_o by_o the_o pope_n 107._o lucius_z the_o second_o lvcius_n the_o second_o bear_v in_o bononia_n succeed_v celestine_n he_o be_v the_o cause_n &_o auctor_fw-la of_o much_o descension_n in_o rome_n for_o depose_v and_o disanullinge_v a_o kind_n of_o office_n call_v patricianship_n which_o the_o roman_n be_v weary_o of_o the_o pope_n yoke_n have_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o innocentius_n because_o the_o pope_n take_v upon_o they_o all_o sway_n within_o the_o city_n &_o abroad_o likewise_o but_o this_o pope_n lucius_n because_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o depose_v the_o patrician_n alone_o crave_a aid_n of_o the_o emperor_n conradus_n who_o be_v otherwise_o busy_v can_v not_o assist_v he_o lucius_z therefore_o seek_v to_o attain_v his_o purpose_n another_o way_n for_o when_o the_o patrician_n &_o the_o senator_n be_v all_o gather_v together_o close_o in_o the_o capitol_n lucius_n take_v his_o opportunity_n and_o come_v thither_o with_o a_o band_n of_o soldier_n in_o armour_n meaning_n either_o to_o destroy_v the_o capitol_n or_o to_o drive_v they_o out_o the_o citizens_n hear_v hereof_o arm_v themselves_o forthwith_o and_o run_v to_o succour_v their_o officer_n wheruppon_o roose_v a_o very_a bloudye_a fray_n pope_n lucius_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o broil_n be_v so_o pelt_v with_o stone_n and_o other_o lump_n that_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v thereof_o anno_fw-la 1145_o ere_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o year_n 108._o eugenius_n the_o three_o evgenius_n the_o third_o sometime_n a_o abbot_n be_v make_v pope_n by_o this_o mean_n w_o t_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o cardinal_n this_o eugenius_n be_v scholar_n to_o s._n barnard_n who_o for_o his_o learning_n be_v then_o in_o great_a reverence_n and_o consider_v the_o time_n how_o the_o roman_n wrangle_v to_o have_v auctoritye_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o pope_n they_o think_v it_o safe_a and_o sure_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o pope_n auctoritye_n to_o choose_v none_o of_o the_o college_n of_o cardinal_n but_o this_o eugenius_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n why_o his_o schoolmaster_n barnarde_n shall_v advance_v the_o sea_n of_o rome_n in_o his_o writing_n and_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o his_o 2._o book_n of_o consideration_n eugenius_n at_o his_o first_o creation_n perceyve_v the_o roman_n will_v be_v importunate_a to_o have_v the_o election_n of_o their_o senator_n ratify_v and_o therefore_o he_o flee_v with_o his_o cardinal_n from_o rome_n by_o night_n to_o viterbium_n where_o he_o excommunicate_v all_o the_o roman_n which_o cause_v the_o citizen_n to_o obey_v jordan_n choose_v patrician_n then_o he_o join_v his_o army_n with_o the_o host_n of_o the_o tiburtine_n old_a enemy_n to_o rome_n &_o so_o compel_v the_o roman_n to_o sue_v for_o peace_n which_o he_o grant_v at_o length_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v ful_o abolish_v the_o principalitye_n of_o the_o patrician_n and_o shall_v restore_v his_o deputye_n to_o his_o former_a place_n and_o for_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v content_a to_o take_v such_o senator_n as_o he_o by_o his_o papal_a auctoritye_n will_v assign_v they_o peace_n be_v thus_o conclude_v he_o return_v into_o rome_n but_o perceive_v afterward_o that_o falsehood_n be_v ment_fw-la toward_o he_o he_o slip_v again_o to_o tiburie_n the_o roman_n pursue_v he_o forthwith_o with_o bow_n and_o bill_n and_o drive_v he_o from_o tiburie_n into_o france_n and_o at_o length_n he_o return_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o dye_v anno_fw-la 1152._o 109._o anastasius_n the_o four_o anastasius_n of_o a_o cardinal_n become_v pope_n wherein_o he_o do_v nothing_o worthy_a memory_n but_o that_o he_o bestow_v upon_o lateran_n a_o scotfree_a and_o massy_a chalice_n and_o bestow_v cost_n in_o repayringe_n s._n mary_n church_n and_o so_o die_v the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o popeship_n anno_fw-la 1154._o this_o anastasius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o one_o henry_n mordachus_fw-la a_o proud_a monk_n who_o pope_n eugenius_n intrude_v restore_a s._n william_n archbishop_n of_o york_n which_o william_n be_v afterward_o poison_v in_o the_o chalice_n come_n to_o receive_v the_o communion_n as_o mattheus_fw-la parisius_n say_v in_o this_o pope_n time_n y_z thames_n at_o london_n be_v so_o freeze_v the_o cart_n and_o vein_n pass_v over_o the_o i_o shall_z and_o a_o little_a before_o be_v two_o eclipse_n one_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o moon_n after_o which_o follow_v terrible_a tempest_n storm_n thunder_v lightning_n rain_n and_o wind_n 110._o hadrian_n the_o four_o hadrian_n the_o four_o be_v a_o englishman_n bear_v call_v nicolas_n breakespeare_n the_o son_n of_o one_o dan_n robert_n a_o monk_n of_o s._n alban_n he_o be_v first_o a_o regular_a priest_n &_o afterward_o a_o bishop_n than_o a_o cardinal_n and_o finallye_o pope_n of_o rome_n he_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o clergye_n at_o rome_n will_v not_o ascend_v &_o take_v the_o place_n until_o they_o have_v consent_v unto_o he_o that_o one_o arnold_n bishop_n of_o brixia_n who_o he_o count_v a_o heretic_n shall_v be_v banish_v
not_o to_o be_v fear_v for_o these_o opinion_n pope_n eugenius_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v burn_v at_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1436._o this_o thomas_n also_o think_v reverentlye_o of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o clergye_n for_o he_o write_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o safety_n of_o many_o soul_n if_o they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o marry_v accord_v to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n who_o haâ—_n not_o the_o gift_n of_o continencye_n because_o at_o that_o time_n they_o be_v dishonest_a and_o blot_v with_o unlawful_a conjunction_n of_o this_o thomas_n mantuan_n say_v thus_o a_o certain_a frenchman_n call_v thomas_n who_o as_o yet_o foster_v in_o heart_n the_o zeal_n of_o old_a faith_n go_v into_o italye_n accompany_v with_o a_o few_o for_o so_o it_o please_v god_n that_o the_o same_o country_n which_o in_o all_o thing_n excel_v other_o shall_v also_o enjoy_v this_o parson_n be_v a_o mirror_n among_o man_n but_o god_n provide_v not_o only_o for_o italye_n but_o also_o for_o this_o holy_a man_n for_o he_o give_v to_o italye_n such_o a_o one_o who_o life_n it_o may_v follow_v and_o to_o the_o say_a man_n he_o give_v a_o crimson_a crown_n of_o martyrdom_n for_o while_o he_o live_v well_o and_o in_o godly_a order_n he_o be_v accuse_v unto_o the_o pope_n of_o heinous_a treachery_n by_o certain_a spiteful_a fellow_n and_o after_o he_o have_v suffer_v prison_n torment_n vexation_n at_o the_o length_n when_o they_o can_v find_v nothing_o in_o he_o worthy_a of_o death_n they_o sift_v he_o more_o narrowlye_o and_o arm_v themselves_o stoutlye_o with_o iniquity_n to_o fulfil_v that_o which_o by_o equity_n they_o can_v not_o do_v and_o so_o commit_v he_o to_o the_o curse_a fire_n of_o this_o man_n be_v many_o verse_n and_o epitaph_n write_v to_o his_o great_a praise_n &_o bewail_v of_o the_o tyranny_n use_v towards_o his_o innocent_a body_n furthermore_o eugenius_n ere_o he_o be_v pope_n do_v repair_v s._n agnes_n church_n at_o ancon_n and_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o his_o popedom_n he_o crown_v sigismond_n emperor_n at_o rome_n he_z also_o after_o boniface_n confirm_v the_o annuity_n of_o all_o benefice_n at_o length_n he_o die_v at_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1446._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o s._n peter_n he_o carry_v the_o mitre_n of_o s._n sylvester_n be_v bring_v from_o auenion_n to_o rome_n out_o of_o vatican_n to_o lateran_n with_o great_a worship_n and_o a_o procession_n he_o punish_v certain_a priest_n that_o have_v pilfer_v certain_a precious_a stone_n out_o of_o peter_n and_o paul_n head_n one_o lewis_n cardinal_n of_o aquilegia_fw-la be_v the_o first_o of_o his_o order_n that_o begin_v first_o to_o maintain_v hound_n and_o horse_n in_o steed_n of_o the_o poor_a 153._o foelix_fw-la the_o five_o foelix_fw-la the_o fifte_n bear_v in_o france_n be_v a_o eremite_n call_v amadeus_n before_o his_o popeship_n he_o be_v first_o duke_n of_o savoy_n have_v a_o wife_n and_o two_o child_n pope_n eugenius_n be_v depose_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o seat_n by_o the_o voice_n of_o xxvi_o electour_n and_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v choose_v &_o by_o the_o auctoritye_n of_o basil_n synod_n confirm_v in_o the_o papal_a chair_n yet_o he_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o say_v eugenius_n can_v never_o set_v foot_n in_o the_o roman_a seat_n which_o they_o call_v peter_n chair_n at_fw-fr sciesme_fw-fr rose_n hereupon_o that_o last_v â—_o year_n and_o many_o tumult_n spring_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o christendom_n because_o some_o will_v obey_v eugenius_n some_o foelix_fw-la and_o other_o some_o will_v be_v count_v neuter_n and_o in_o this_o sciesme_fw-fr it_o make_v much_o controversye_n because_o some_o hold_v opinion_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o general_a council_n and_o othersome_a maintain_v the_o contrary_n and_o of_o this_o arise_v another_o waightye_a and_o bitter_a controversye_n whether_o the_o pope_n be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n or_o no_o which_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n this_o foelix_fw-la be_v a_o age_a man_n ere_o he_o come_v to_o be_v pope_n live_v to_o see_v the_o day_n that_o the_o son_n of_o his_o son_n match_v in_o marriage_n with_o king_n doughter_n and_o in_o the_o end_n geve_v over_o all_o worldly_a charge_n â—e_v purpose_v to_o go_v into_o a_o wilderness_n to_o lead_v a_o heremite_n life_n with_o 6._o knight_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o he_o be_v choose_v pope_n by_o the_o auctoritye_n of_o the_o general_a council_n he_o shave_v himself_o both_o crown_n and_o chin_n and_o come_v thither_o with_o a_o train_n of_o noble_a man_n and_o be_v consecrate_v pope_n take_v the_o function_n upon_o he_o and_o do_v all_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o pope_n to_o do_v to_o give_v order_n minister_v sacrament_n excommunicate_a etc._n etc._n and_o play_v the_o pope_n x._o year_n he_o be_v so_o bountiful_a to_o the_o poor_a that_o be_v demand_v whether_o he_o keep_v any_o hound_n and_o to_o show_v they_o he_o answer_v that_o he_o will_v show_v they_o another_o day_n but_o when_o they_o that_o ask_v this_o question_n be_v with_o he_o the_o next_o day_n he_o show_v they_o a_o great_a company_n of_o poor_a &_o needye_a people_n that_o sit_v down_o together_o at_o dinner_n say_v these_o be_v my_o hound_n which_o i_o feed_v dailye_o with_o the_o which_o i_o hope_v to_o hunt_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o heaven_n it_o like_v this_o man_n at_o the_o length_n for_o unitye_n sake_n anno_fw-la 1447._o to_o unpope_n himself_o and_o give_v place_n to_o nicolas_n the_o five_o who_o he_o therefore_o make_v legate_n of_o all_o germanye_n and_o france_n and_o also_o cardinal_n of_o sabin_n but_o he_o die_v soon_o after_o 154._o nicolas_n the_o five_o nicolas_n the_o fifte_n be_v a_o genewaie_o bear_v of_o a_o base_a stock_n his_o father_n be_v a_o chirurgeon_n call_v barthelmew_n sarzan_n and_o so_o this_o nicolas_n be_v first_o call_v thomas_n sarzan_n in_o this_o one_o year_n he_o gat_v to_o be_v bishop_n of_o bononia_n cardinal_n &_o pope_n of_o rome_n this_o nicolas_n be_v make_v pope_n after_o the_o death_n of_o eugenius_n do_v hang_v up_o on_o the_o wall_n of_o angel_n casteli_n steven_n porcarius_n a_o roman_a knight_n w_z t_z other_z conspirator_n raise_v a_o tumult_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n he_o celebrate_v the_o jubâ—lie_n for_o lucre_n sake_n anno_fw-la 1450._o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o jubelie_o while_o they_o chance_v once_o with_o it_o the_o crucifix_n to_o return_v from_o vatican_n to_o the_o city_n it_o be_v very_o certain_a to_o be_v true_a that_o the_o press_n of_o people_n follow_v be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o mule_n of_o one_o peter_n bardus_n a_o cardinal_n can_v not_o pass_v by_o because_o of_o those_o that_o come_v to_o &_o fro_o so_o that_o the_o people_n also_o be_v so_o throng_v that_o there_o be_v no_o passage_n but_o in_o the_o end_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o mule_n first_o one_n &_o then_o another_o till_o the_o beast_n be_v even_o perforce_o bear_v down_o with_o the_o crowd_n and_o ere_o it_o be_v cease_v two_o hundred_o parson_n be_v tread_v to_o death_n and_o smother_v upon_o adrian_n bridge_n &_o many_o fall_n beside_o the_o bridge_n be_v drown_v which_o be_v about_o 136._o man_n the_o pope_n who_o pompous_a superstitious_a &_o idolatrous_a jubelie_o have_v cause_v this_o misery_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o fond_a people_n do_v in_o this_o manner_n redress_v the_o case_n he_o be_v sorry_a say_v platina_n for_o the_o death_n of_o they_o that_o be_v slay_v and_o therefore_o he_o remove_v certain_a cottage_n that_o make_v the_o way_n to_o be_v straight_o and_o narrow_a entere_v to_o the_o bridge_n for_o the_o enrych_a of_o his_o coffer_n he_o spend_v all_o that_o whole_a year_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o solemnitye_n &_o he_o himself_o with_o his_o troop_n of_o cardinal_n do_v view_v the_o stage_n he_o provide_v both_o by_o curse_n and_o waiter_n that_o rogue_n and_o vagaboundes_a come_n to_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o misuse_v stranger_n and_o rob_v they_o of_o their_o money_n in_o this_o pope_n time_n the_o turk_n win_v constantinople_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o all_o europe_n this_o pope_n crown_v frederick_n the_o three_o emperor_n and_o his_o wife_n leonor_n he_o build_v a_o sumptuous_a library_n in_o vatican_n and_o reviue_v with_o great_a diligence_n learning_n and_o knowledge_n which_o be_v then_o almost_o drown_v with_o grossness_n &_o barbarous_a sophistrye_n he_o appoint_v stipend_n for_o learned_a man_n but_o among_o these_o his_o virtuous_a do_n and_o good_a affection_n towards_o learning_n he_o have_v his_o vice_n withal_o and_o those_o notorious_a namely_o he_o be_v great_o give_v to_o drunkenness_n and_o so_o much_o delight_v therein_o that_o he_o seek_v for_o all_o kind_n of_o wine_n from_o every_o