Also he required that earle line 10 Iohn might take vpon him the crosse to passe ouer into the holie land also for otherwise earle Richard would not go Howbeit king Henrie would in no wise consent to any of these demands but yet as some write he offered thus much vnto king Philip that if he could be so content his sonne Iohn should marrie his sister Alice and inioy with hir all such things as he demanded in preferment of his sonne Richard and that in more large maner than he had requested the same But king Philip would none line 20 of that Thus how soeuer it was whilest the one demanded that which the other thought no reason to grant they departed without concluding any agréement so that king Philip hauing got by this meanes a good occasion to further his enterprises with all his whole puissance entred into Maine where he destroied a great part of that countrie and approched to the citie of Mauns where king Henrie as then laie in purpose to besiege it But king Henrie being warned of his comming set the suburbs on fire bicause line 30 his enimies should haue no succour in them Howbeit the flame of the fire was by force of the wind driuen so directlie into the citie that what with heat and assault of the enimie the king being without any store of souldiers to defend it longer was constreined to forsake it Herewith he was so mooued that in departing from the citie he said these words of his sonne Richard to himselfe Sith thou hast taken from me this daie the thing that I most loued in this world I will requite thee for after this daie I shall line 40 depriue thée of that thing which in me should most please thée euen mine owne hart Being thus driuen to leaue the defaced citie of Mauns he repaired vnto Chinon the citizens whereof being left destitute of aid yéelded themselues to the French king who taking a great pride in his dooings for that victorie passed ouer Loire and wan the citie of Towrs wherein he placed a garison and so hauing sped his businesse with good successe line 50 brought home his armie laden with preies booties King Henrie being thus put to the worsse and not perceiuing anie readie meane how to recouer his losses began to despaire in himselfe and therefore of necessitie thought it best to séeke for peace but his suit was in vaine for the enimie hauing now the aduantage would not grant to agrée vpon any reasonable conditions At the last Philip the earle of Flanders and William archbishop of Reimes with Hugh duke of line 60 Burgoine came to king Henrie to moue waies of agréement and to conclude the same betwixt him on the one partie and the French king and earle Richard on the other partie Earle Richard had the Britaines and them of Poictou confederate with him vnder such conditions as he might not agrée with his father vnlesse they might be comprised in the agréement At length they agreed vpon conditions not altogither aduantageable to the king of England yet in the end Chateau Raoul was restored to king Hnerie with all that had béene taken from him since the time that the French king he tooke vpon them the crosse on the other part king Henrie did homage to the French king which in the beginning of this warre he had surrendred and renounced He was bound also to paie to the French king 20. thousand markes for the aid which earle Richard had receiued of him moreouer to resigne and acquite vnto the French king all that which either he or his predecessours held or possessed within Aluergue Other articles there were which king Henrie agréed vnto sore against his will as the deliuerie of the ladie Alice or Adela and such other which as not much materiall we passe ouer This peace was concluded not farre from Towrs in a place appointed conuenient for both the kings to méet in about the feast of the apostles Peter and Paule And as writers record there chanced great thunder and lightening at the verie time when the two kings came to enteruiew and talke togither so that the thunderbolt did light betwixt them two yet notwithstanding such thunder lightening the aire was cleare and nothing troubled The two kings parted a sunder through feare thereof for that day and on the next day the like chance happened greatlie to the terrour of them both Which mooued king Henrie the sooner to condescend to the agreement Moreouer this is not to be forgotten that when all matters were quieted and accorded amongst them King Henrie required to haue all their names deliuered vnto him in writing which had promised to take part and were ioined as confederates with the French king and earle Richard This was granted and when the roll was presented vnto him he found his sonne Iohn the first person that was named in that register wherewith he was so troubled and disquieted in his mind that comming to Chinon he felt such gréefe hereof that he curssed euen the verie daie in which he was borne and as was said gaue to his sonnes Gods cursse and his the which he would neuer release although he was admonished to doo it both of sundrie bishops and other religious and godlie men Thus saith Houeden Howbeit it is not like that earle Richard at this time had procured his brother Iohn to be confederate with him in his rebellious dealings but rather bicause earle Richard had some suspicion least his father would make Iohn his heire and successour in the kingdome it might be a policie wrought by the French king and earle Richard to alienate his fathers mind from the said Iohn ¶ These euils were estéemed to fall vnto king Henrie by the iust iudgement of God for that being admonished diuerse waies as well by diuine reuelation as by the wholesome aduise of graue men as Hugh bishop of Lincolne and others he would not reforme his licentious appetite of heaping vp sinne vpon sinne but still wallowed therein to his owne destruction Wherevpon being brought to such an extremitie as ye haue heard he was taken with a greeuous sicknesse which bringing him to vtter desperation of recouering of health he finallie departed this life though more through verie anguish and gréefe of his late losse and troubles susteined than by the force of his bodilie disease as writers haue affirmed But howsoeuer it was he ended his life the sixt of Iulie in the 61. yeare of his age and after he had reigned 34. yeares nine moneths and two daies which was in the yeare after the birth of our sauiour 1189. and of the creation of the world 5155. His bodie was buried at Founteuerard year 1189 which is an abbeie situate not farre from the towne of the eagle within the dutchie of Alanson Immediatlie vpon his death those that were about him applied their market so busilie in catching and filching
nigh one hundred years He bestowed besides his owne labour which was great in hearing of stones c. aboue twentie pounds on the high waies about that towne of Wlfrunehampton This towne of Wlfrunehampton is now corruptlie called Wolnerhampton for in Anno 996 in king Ethelredstime who wrote himselfe Rex Anglorum line 40 princeps Northumbrorum Olympiade tertia regni sui for so he wrote the count of his reigne then which was the fiftéenth yeare it was then called Hampton as appeareth by an old charter written by the notarie of the said king Ethelred which charter I haue seene and read And for that a noble woman named Wlfrune a widow sometime wife to Althelme duke of Northampton did obteine of the said king to giue lands vnto the church there which she had founded the line 50 said towne tooke the addition of the same Wlfrune for that charter so nameth hir Wlfrune and the towne Hampton In this yeare was finished the goodlie hospitall of the Sauoie néere vnto Charing crosse which was a notable foundation for the poore doone by king Henrie the seauenth vnto the which he purchased and gaue lands for the releeuing of one hundred poore people This was first named Sauoie place by Peter earle of Sauoie father to Boniface archbishop of Canturburie about the nine and twentith yeare of line 60 king Henrie the third who made the said Peter erle of Richmond This house belonged since to the duke of Lancaster and at this time was conuerted to an hospitall still reteining the first name of Sauoie King Henrie also builded three houses of Franciscane friers which are called obseruants at Richmond Gréenewich and Newarke and three other of the familie of Franciscane friers which are called conuentuals at Canturburie Newcastell and Southhampton ¶ This yeare was Thomas Ruthall made bishop of Durham by Henrie the seauenth touching whose place of birth being at Cirencester now Cicester and himselfe I will not refuse to set downe what Leland about the yeare 1542 hath written not being vnfit héere to be recorded Cirencester saith he in Latine called Corinium standeth on the riuer Churne There haue beene thrée parish churches whereof saint Cicilies church is cleane downe being of late but a chappell Saint Laurence yet standeth but it is no parish church There be two poore almes women endued with land There is now but one parish church in all Cirencester that is verie faire the bodie of which church is all new worke to the which Ruthall bishop of Durham â—borne and brought vp in Cirencester promised much but preuented by death gaue nothing One Anne Aueling aunt to doctor Ruthall by the mothers side gaue one hundred markes to the building of that church King Henrie the first made the hospitall of saint Iohns at Cirencester Thus farre Leland This man thus borne at Cirencester in Glocestershire and made bishop of Durham was after the death of king Henrie the seauenth one of the priuie councell to king Henrie the eight in whose court he was so continuallie attendant that he could not steale anie time to attend the affaires of his bishoprike But yet not altogither carelesse though not so much as he ought to haue béene of the place and cause from whence and for which he receiued so great reuenues as came vnto his hands from that see He repaired the third part of Tine bridge next vnto the south which he might well doo for he was accompted the richest subiect through the realme To whome remaining then at the court the king gaue in charge to write a booke of the whole estate of the kingdome bicause he was knowne to the king to be a man of sufficiencie for the discharge thereof which he did accordinglie Afterwards the king commanded cardinall Woolseie to go to this bishop and to bring the booke awaie with him to deliuer to his maiestie But see the mishap that a man in all other things so prouident should now be so negligent and at that time most forget himselfe when as it after fell out he had most need to haue remembred himselfe For this bishop hauing written two bookes the one to answer the kings command and the other intreating of his owne priuate affaires did bind them both after one sort in vellame iust of one length bredth and thicknesse and in all points in such like proportion answering one an other as the one could not by anie especiall note be discerned from the other both which he also laid vp togither in one place of his studie Now when the cardinall came to demand the booke due to the king the bishop vnaduisedlie commanded his seruant to bring him the booke bound in white vellame lieng in his studie in such a place The seruant dooing accordinglie brought foorth one of those bookes so bound being the booke intreating of the state of the bishop and deliuered the same vnto his maister who receiuing it without further consideration or looking on gaue it to the cardinall to beare vnto the king The cardinall hauing the booke went from the bishop and after in his studie by himselfe vnderstanding the contents thereof he greatlie reioised hauing now occasion which he long sought for offered vnto him to bring the bishop into the kings disgrace Wherefore he went foorthwith to the king deliuered the booke into his hands and bréefelie informed the king of the contents thereof putting further into the kings head that if at anie time he were destitute of a masse of monie he should not need to séeke further therefore than to the cofers of the bishop who by the tenor of his owne booke had accompted his proper riches and substance to the value of a hundred thousand pounds Of all which when the bishop had intelligence what he had doon how the cardinall vsed him what the king said and what the world reported of him he was striken with such gréefe of the same that he shortlie through extreame sorrow ended his life at London in the yeare of Christ 1523. After whose death the cardinall which had long before gaped after the said bishoprike in singular hope to atteine therevnto had now his wish in effect which he the more easilie compassed for that he had his nets alwaies readie cast as assuring himselfe to take a line 10 trout following therein a prophane mans cautelous counsell and putting the same in practise who saith Casus vbique valet semper tibi pendeat hamus Quo minimè credis gurgite piscis erit The sicknesse which held the king dailie more and more increasing he well perceiued that his end drew néere and therefore meaning to doo some high pleasure to his people granted of his frée motion a generall pardon to all men for all offenses doone committed line 20 against anie his lawes or statutes théeues murtherers certeine other were excepted He paied also the fées of all prisoners in the gaoles in and about London
with a great number of horssemen and footmen estéemed to be about twentie thousand as the Frenchmen themselues affirme thought not best to attempt anie assault against the towne of Brest or to make longer abode there But yet in hope to doo some further exploit elsewhere they laie there houering on the coast a while to vnderstand the demeanour of the Britains but by this time there was such numbers of people raised in all those parts for defense of the same coasts that the admerals afterward line 40 attempting in diuers places to land their men and finding ech where more appearance of losse than of gaine returned home without atchiuing anie further enterprise In this meane time while king Philip and the French king with two most puissant armies affronted ech other néere vnto the water of Some either of them was obstinatelie bent to driue the other out of the field for which cause they intrenched their campes During which time there was nothing doone betweene line 50 them woorthie memorie more than dailie skirmishes of no great account Neuerthelesse the countrie of France could not but susteine extreame damage so long susteining such a maine multitude speciallie of men of warre which those two mightie kings had assembled And daie by daie came fresh companies to either partie so as it was thought a thing impossible that such two princes being so néere could depart without some cruell bloudie battell to determine their quarrels But God in whose hands line 60 are the hearts of kings when least hope was conuerted their obstinate minds from warre to peace which came chieflie to passe by the mediation of the duchesse of Lorraine who had béene a long and earnest traueller to that end and neuer ceassed vntill by hir intercession both the said kings appointed speciall commissioners to treat vpon peace So that after diuerse conferences they at last concluded vpon all controuersies except the matter of Calis wherof queene Marie by hir ambassadours required restitution but the French partie would in no wise heare thereof By reason of which difficultie this treatie could not come to anie good conclusion King Philip thinking himselfe bound in honour to stand in that case with the quéene his wife who for his sake had entered into a néedlesse warre against France and thereby lost hir said towne with all the countrie adioining as you haue heard before did therefore staie a long time before he concluded peace with the French king Quéene Marie séeing no likelihood nor hauing anie hope of the restitution of Calis and considering also that most of hir affaires had but hard successe conceiued an inward sorrow of mind by reason whereof about September next she fell sicke of a hot burning feauer which sicknesse was common that yeare through all the realme and consumed a maruellous number as well noblemen as bishops iudges knights gentlemen and rich farmers but most of the cleargie and other ancient and graue persons In which while the quéene laie languishing of a long sicknesse and so continued vntill the seuentéenth of Nouember next betwéene the houres of fiue or six in the morning and then ended hir life in this world at hir house of saint Iames besides Westminster when she had reigned fiue years foure moneths and eleuen daies and in the three and fortith yeare of hir bodilie age The death of this said queene made a maruellous alteration in this realme namelie in the case of religion which like as by the death of king Edward the sixt it suffered a change from the establishment of his time so by the death of this quéene it returned into the former estate againe So that we sée the vncerteintie of the world and what changes doo come in times by their reuolutions and that euerie thing is subiect to vnconstancie and nothing frée from variablenesse as the poet saith nihil vsquam Perpetuum solet in terris fixúmque manere Humanis quà m nulla subest constantia rebus And heere bicause we are come to the knitting vp of quéene Maries reigne I cannot ouersâ—â—p with silence that notable and néedfull discourse of master Fox concerning our blessed souereigne quéen Elizabeth whose maiestie the Lord of his mercie inuiron with fréends as in number manie so in seruice trustie and whose enimies the same Lord in iustice root out from the land of the liuing heaping vpon them plague after plague to their vtter confusion bicause they haue reiected the gratious means of their conuersion Thus therefore writeth master Fox concerning the mischéefous persecution and miraculous preseruation of ladie Elizabeth now quéene of England from extreame calamitie and danger of life in the time of queene Marie hir sister But saith master Fox when all hath béene said and told whatsoeuer can be recited touching the admirable working of Gods present hand in defending and deliuering anie one person out of thraldome neuer was there since the memorie of our fathers anie example to be shewed wherin the Lords mightie power hath more admirablie and blessedlie shewed it selfe to the glorie of his owne name to the comfort of all good hearts and to the publike felicitie of this whole realme than in the miraculous custodie and outscape of this our souereigne ladie now quéene then ladie Elizabeth in the strict time of queene Marie hir sister In which storie first we haue to consider in what extreame miserie sicknesse feare and perill hir highnesse was into what care what trouble of mind and what danger of death she was brought First with great routs and bands of armed men and happie was he that might haue the carrieng of hir being fetched vp as the greatest traitour in the world clapped in the tower and againe tossed from thence from house to house from prison to prison from post to piller at length also prisoner in hir owne house and garded with a sort of cut-throats which euer gaped for the spoile whereby they might be fingering of somewhat Secondlie we haue againe to consider all this notwithstanding how strangelie or rather miraculouslie from danger she was deliuered what fauour and grace she found with the almightie who when all helpe of man and hope of recouerie was past stretched out his mightie protection and preserued hir highnesse and placed hir in this princelie seat of rest and quietnesse wherin now she sitteth and long maie she sit the lord of his glorious mercie grant we beséech line 10 him In which storie if I should set foorth at large and at full all the particulars and circumstanstances therevnto belonging and as iust occasion of the historie requireth besides the importunate length of the storie discoursed peraduenture it might mooue offense to some being yet aliue and truth might get me hatred Yet notwithstanding I intend by the grace of Christ therein to vse such breuitie and moderation as both may be to the glorie of God the discharge of the storie the profit of the reader hurt line 20
in contracts bargainings and intercourse of traffike line 60 and merchandize the one partie should submit himselfe to that kalendar wherevnto the pope hath yoked his popelings and persuaded manie more to doo the same c. Although these and the like interrogatories may be made against the papists yet bicause to giue an instance is not to answer a doubt it is to be wished that this kalendar were throughlie siâ—ted by some sound and sober mathematician and the three heads whereof this new reformed kalendar of Gregorie dooth consist disprooued which thrée heads repeated by Gregorie in his bull before the said kalendar are these 1 The restoring and coupling of the equinoctiall in the spring to the one and twentith daie of March with such a caueat giuen that from thense as from the proper and fixed seat it may not possiblie hereafter at anie time remooue 2 The correction of the golden number by the cyrcle of epacts in such sort that the numbers of epacts may shew not onelie the daie of the new moone in euerie moneth of all years but also and that principallie the terme of Easter that is the certeine iust daie of the verie next full moone following after the equinoctiall of the spring and that euerie yeare without error or deceipt 3 The verie iust and certeine sundaie of Easter that ought to be celebrated and kept on the verie next sundaie after the full moone which first dooth follow after the iust equinoctiall of the spring These thrée heads being so anatomized and opened by mathematicians as were méet it should be found in the end that this new kalendar in all and euerie part thereof euen wherin it is best reformed or so thought to be is manie waies faultie erronious in the verie grounds in which qualitie leauing it as not to be put to the touch in a publike chronicle but otherwise to be had in triall Gregorie the preferrer thereof is now to be handled by description which is no fiction or imagined bable but deriued out of an oration or funerall sermon at Rome at the buriall of his holinesse conteining his maners life deeds and last words at his death togither with the lamentations of the cardinals and whole Romish clergie Otherwise to be intituled as followeth A sermon full of papisticall adulation and matter sufficient to procure the wise and vertuous minded to contemne such grosse and palpable blindnesse and all persons to laugh at the Romanists absurd and erronious follies THere is nothing so certeine as death either vncerteine as the moment thereof Wherefore the holie doctor saith Kéepe thy selfe continuallie in that estate wherin thou desirest to die And the prouerbe goeth that manie a one thinketh himselfe in perfect helth when he beareth death in his bosome To saie the truth we doo continuallie carrie death about with vs it is in vs immediatlie after we take life and moouing in our mothers wombe and wheresoeuer we walke it is still at our héeles if we take horsse it is with vs if we be on the water it is the guide of our ship so as we can neuer saie death to be absent from vs for our selues are verie death and no part of our bodie immortall Wherefore those that suppose themselues to liue in this world are far deceiued in their owne opinions and the pilgrimage of man in this world is but a shadow of life which vnto vs seemeth life but in déed is none The better therefore to describe the said shadow I will make an abstraction of the dead time of mans age from the full and greatest age that a creature can liue in the world First the longest age that man can liue is but sixtie years From sixtie years we must deduct the nights for man when he sleepeth liueth not Besides that sleep is termed the image of death so that deducting the nights which comprehend one halfe of the time man liueth but thrée score yeares in the world Whiles man liueth these sixtie yeares he liueth but the one halfe of them for if he haue one daie of mirth and quiet he hath another of sorrow and care bicause griefe dooth still secretlie créepe into mirth And anie person troubled with cares and vexed in mind dooth rather die than liue We must therfore take from the sixtie yeares aforesaid the one halfe and so there remaine but thirtie Now let vs sée whether in the space of six score yeares a man may not passe awaie ten at the least in sickenesse mischances or other infirmities I may tell you there is no man that liueth six score yeares in the world but at seuerall times and during the said age he hath aboue ten yeares infirmitie and therefore we must take from the thirtie yeares which are the remainder of mans life yet ten yeares then there are but twentie left which are now the twentie yeares of his life We must take them at his infancie in his oldest age that is ten line 10 yeares from his verie chlidhood the other ten from his extreame old age But sith aswell in infancie as in extremitie of age there is no life but rather a liuing death I conclude that man hath not one onelie houre of life in this world also that whosoeuer séeketh life in this world dooth much deceiue himselfe In heauen therefore it is that we must assure our selues to liue and seeke for life but not vpon earth where death dooth continuallie haunt vs. For we ought to die to the world to the end to be borne in Iesus line 20 Christ according to the souereigne sentence and decrée O ye inhabitants of Rome we sée your great bishop and mine is dead behold our crowne is fallen our lodestar vanished awaie and our light extinguished And for mine owne part O miserable man who am depriued of him of two things I wish for one that is either neuer to remember the good that we haue lost either else calling the same to mind to find some one that were able to giue me comfort correspondent line 30 to the greatnesse of the heauinesse wherinto I am fallen And indéed my selfe doo now come into the pulpit vpon two seuerall occasions méere contrarie ech to other to wit to reherse the gretnes of the good that is taken from vs to comfort those that susteine the losse naie rather to doo two things which séeme to repugne ech other For if it be true that nothing dooth more aggrauate the griefe of the losse than the remembrance of the value of the thing lost then dooth nothing séeme more contrarie to the comfort of the liuing than the praises of him that is line 40 dead as in this case wherein so far doo the merits of the deceased exceed that the arrowes which pearse his hart that is depriued of him are the more sharpe and grieuous Howbeit some man would answer that contrariwise by the commendations of him that is departed we doo declare
line 50 and footmen which togither with his Normans he brought ouer into England in haruest season meaning to disburthen himselfe of the charge of their keeping he caused their finding and wages to be borne by the lords and peeres of the realme by the shirifs of shires and other officers Howbeit when he vnderstood that the Danes changed their purpose and would not hold on their iourneie he dismissed part of his power and sent them home againe keeping line 60 the residue all the winter with him in England readie for his defense if anie rebellion or other necessitie should befall The same yeare he kept his Christmasse at Glocester year 1086 and made his sonne Henrie knight at Westminster in Whitsunwéeke insuing Shortlie after calling togither aswell lords spirituall as temporall year 1087 he caused them all to sweare fealtie to him and his heires after him in the possession of this kingdome About this season the people in all places were pitifullie plaged with burning feuers which brought manie to their end a murren also came to their cattell whereof a woonderfull number died At the same time which is more maruellous tame foules as hens géese peacocks forsaking their owners houses fled to the woods and became wild Great hurt was doone in manie places of the realme by fire and speciallie in London where vpon the 7. daie of Iulie a sudden flame began which burnt Paules church and a great part of the citie downe to the verie ground Now when K. William had taken the oth of fealtie and loialtie of all his lords Edgar Etheling who was reconciled vnto his â—auour as you haue heard obteining licence of him to depart the realme for a season sailed into Puglia with two hundred souldiers of whose acts there and returne into England I spare to speake bicause I find litle or nothing of moment recorded And now king William who hauing brought the Englishmen so lowe and bare that little more was to be got out of their hands went once againe ouer into Normandie with an huge masse of mony where soone after he fell sicke so that he was constrained to keepe his bed longer than he had beene accustomed to doo whereat Philip the French king in iesting maner said that king William his cousine laie now in childbed alluding belike to his big bellie for he was verie corpulent and withall added Oh what a number of candels must I prouide to offer vp at his going to church certeinelie I thinke that 100000. will not suffice c. This frumping spéech so moued the king that he made this answere Well I trust when I shall be churched that our cousine shall be at no such cost but I will helpe to find him a thousand candels my selfe and light them too to some of their paines if God grant me life Which promise he bound with an oth and in déed performed For in Iulie next insuing when their corne fruit and grapes were most florishing and readie for the sickle he entred France with a great armie set fire on manie of their cities and townes in the westside of that countrie came at last to the citie of Maunt which he burnt with the church of our ladie and an ankresse inclosed in the wall thereof as an holie closet for the force of the fire was such as all went to wrecke In this heat king William tooke such a sicknesse which was likewise aggrauated by the fall of an horsse as he rode to and fro bicause he was not able to trauell on foot about his palace by reason of his disease that cost him his life so that when he had ordeined his last will and taken order for the staie of things after his decease he departed this life on the 9. day of September in the yeare after the birth of our Sauiour 1087. and 74. as Polydor saith of his age hauing gouerned Normandie about 51. yeres and reigned ouer England 20. yeares ten moneths and 28. daies as all writers doo report Not long before his death he released his brother Odo bishop of Bayeux out of prison Marchar earle of Northumberland and Wilnotus the sonne of king Harold or as some say his brother Moreouer he repented him as some say when he lay on his deathbed of his cruell dealing with the English considering that by them he had atteined to such honour and dignitie as to weare the crowne and scepter of a kingdome but whether he did so or not or that some moonke deuised the excuse in fauour of the prince surelie he was a puissant prince and though his time was troublesome yet he was right fortunate in all his attempts Againe if a man shall consider that in a strange realme he could make such a conquest and so exactlie and readilie assure the same to his heires with new lawes orders and constitutions which are like for euer to endure he would thinke it a thing altogither void of credit Yet so it was so honourable were his dooings in the sight of the world that those kings which succeeded sithens his death begin their account at him as from one that had by his prudence renewed the state of the realme and instituted an other forme of regiment in atchiuing whereof he did not so much pretend a rightfull challenge by the grant of his coosine king Edward the Confessor as by the law of armes and plaine conquest than the which as he supposed there could be no better title Herevpon also those that haue sithens succeeded him vse the same armes as peculiar to the crowne of England which he vsed in his time namelie three line 10 liâ—ns passant gold in a field gewels as Polydor writeth the three floure delices were since that time annexed thereto by Edward the third by reason of his claime to the crowne of France whereof hereafter ye shall heare Among other greeuances which the English susteined by the hard deling of the Conquerour this is to be remembrd that he brought Iewes into this land from Rouen and appointed them a place to inhabit and occupie There be that write how the inconstancie of the line 20 English people by their oft rebellions occasioned the king to be so rough and rigorous against them wheras of his naturall disposition and proper inclination he was rather gentle and courteous than sharpe and cruell But sith he continued his extremitie euen to his last daies we may rather beléeue that although from his childhood he shewed some tokens of clemencie bountie and liberalitie yet by following the wars and practising to reigne with sternenesse he became so inured therewith that those peaceable vertues line 30 were quite altered in him and in maner clearelie quenched He was indued with a certeine stoutnesse of courage and skill in feats of warre which good hap euer followed he was frée from lecherous lusts without suspicion of bodilie vices quicke of wit desirous of
Long time after the death of this damsell in the said abbeie was shewed a cofer that sometimes was hirs of the length of two foot in the which appeared giants fighting startling of beasts swimming of fishes and flieng of foules so liuelie that a man might woonder at the fine deuise thereof Moreouer king Henrie was noted not to be so fauourable to the liberties fréedoms of the church as he might haue béene For besides the persecuting of the foresaid Thomas archbishop of Canturburie he would not suffer the legats sent from the pope to enter within the bounds of his dominion till they had sworne that they should doo nothing preiudiciall to the customs of his kingdome neither by prescribing orders nor any other maner of act or meanes He was thought to be negligent in aiding the christian common-wealth in the holie land For though he had appointed twice or thrice to go thither in person yet being letted by light occasions he staied at home and sent small reléefe thither though he was earnestlie called vpon for the same His estimation was such amongst forren princes that Philip king of France being newlie entred into the gouernement of that realme after his fathers deceasse committed line 10 himselfe and his kingdome to the disposition and order of king Henrie as if he had béene regent of his realme and gouernour of his person There liued in the daies of this king Henrie the second diuerse honourable personages and capteins of great fame for their approoued valiancie and experience in warlike enterprises as Robert earle of Leicester Hugh Bigot earle of Northfolke Reignold earle of Cornewall Robert Ferreis earle of Darbie Richard Lacie Roger Mowbray Rafe de Fulgiers Humfrey Bohun conestable of England line 20 Ranulfe Glandeuille William Uesey Bernard de Ballioll Also there flourished in his time here in this land men of singular learning in arts and sciences as Nicholas Breakespeare Serlo surnamed Grammaticus William Rheualensis Adam de Euesham Thomas of Munmouth Adelbertus Leuita Geruasius Cicestrensis Odo Cantianus Ealred Rhieuellensis Iohannes Sarisburiensis Clemens Lanthoniensis Walter Daniell Robert line 30 Knought alià s Camtus Robert Folioth William Ramsey Senatus Brauonus Robert the Scribe Odo Miremuth Hugh of Reading Richard of Douer William of Peterburough Cicerciensis Bartholomew Iscanus and Gilbert de Sempringham with others ¶ And here to make an end with this high and mightie prince Henrie the second I haue thought good to make you partaker of an epitaph which we find in Matthew Paris and others written of him as line 40 followeth Epitaphium in Henricum secundum regem mortuum hîc sepultum REx Henricus eram mihi plurima regna subegi MultiplicÃque modo dúxque comésque fui Cui satis ad votum non essent omnia terrae Climata terra modò sufficit octo pedum Qui legis haec pensa discrimina mortis indè line 50 Humanae specula conditionis habe Quod potes instanter operare bonum quia mundus Transit incautos mors inopina rapit Aliud TVmuli regis superscriptio breuis exornaâ— Sufficit hic tumulus cui non suffecerat orbis Res breuis est ampla cui fuit ampla breuis An epitaph vpon king Henrie the second dead and heere intoomed OF late king Henrie was my name which conquerd manie a land And diuerse dukedoms did possesse and earledoms held in hand And yet while all the earth could scarse my greedie mind suffice Eight foot within the ground now serues wherein my carcase lies Now thou that readest this note well my force with force of death And let that serue to shew the state of all that yeeldeth breath Doo good then here foreslowe no time cast off all worldlie cares For brittle world full soone dooth faile and death dooth strike vnwares An other SMall epitaph now serues to decke this toome of statelie king And he who whilome thought whole earth could scarse his mind content In little roome hath roome at large that serues now life is spent ¶ Here may be thought that the reigne of the Normans and French men ouer the realme of England tooke end a hundred twentie two yeares after the comming in of the Conquerour for those that reigned after this Henrie the second we may rightlie estéeme to be Englishmen bicause they were borne in England and vsed the English toong customes and maners according to the nature and qualitie of the countrie Thus farre the succession and regiment of the Frenchmen ouer this Iland namelie Stephan of Bullongne and Henrie the second Richard the first second sonne to Henrie the second RIchard the first of that name and second sonne of Henrie the second began his reigne ouer England the sixt day of Iulie in the yere of our Lord 1189. year 1189 in the seauen and thirteeth yeare of the emperour Frederike the first in the eleuenth yere of the reigne of Philip the second king of France and king William surnamed the Lion line 10 as yet liuing in the gouernement of Scotland This Richard immediatlie after the solemnities of his fathers funerals were ended made hast to Rouen where he was ioifullie receiued and proclamed duke of Normandie receiuing the inuesture according to the custome on the twentith day of Iulie Then studieng to set all things in good order on that side the sea he made search where his fathers treasure was preserued and therevpon attached Stephan de Turnham who was seneschall or gouernour as we line 20 may call him of Aniou and committing him to prison compelled him to make deliuerie of all such summes of monie as he had hid and laid vp in certeine castels by the commandement of the late king his father Whilest he was thus occupied his brother Iohn came to him to whom he ioifullie gaue the welcome and besides all other things which his father had bequeathed vnto him by his testament in England amounting to the value of foure thousand pounds of line 30 yearelie rent with the earledome of Mortaigne he procured a marriage for him being now a widower for his further aduancement with the ladie Isabell daughter to Robert earle of Glocester which earle had appointed the said Iohn to be his heire as before is mentioned although Baldwine the archbishop of Canturburie forbad the mariage bicause they were coosens in the third degree of consanguinitie To Robert earle of Leicester also he restored all his lands which had béene taken from him and such persons line 40 as his father had disherited he restored likewise to their former rights and possessions howbeit those had forsaken his father and taken part with him against his said father he séemed now so much to mislike that he remooued them vtterlie from his presence and contrariwise preferred such as had continued faithfull vnto his father in time of the troubles At length king Richard remembring himselfe of his mother quéene Elianor who had béene separated
about woon by him sith the beginning of these wars likewise all the right which he had in Berrie Auâ—ergine and Gascoigne and the countie of Albemarle On the other part the king of England should resigne Gisors and certeine other places and namelie Ueurine or Ueulquesine vnto the king of France Herevpon were suerties also bound for performance and the forfeiture of fiftéene thousand marks assigned to be paid by the partie that first brake the peace Shortlie after the French king repenting him selfe of the agreement began to make a warre anew so that king Richard seized into his hands all the goods and possessions which belonged to the abbats of the order of the great monasterie of Clunie and of saint Denise la Charitie which had become suertie for the French king in the summe of 1500 marks aforesaid This yeare died William de Forz earle of Albemarle in whose place succéeded Baldwine de Betun by the kings gift and married the countesse of Albermarle There was a motion also made for a marriage betwixt the lord Otho sonne to Henrie duke of Saxonie king Richards nephue by his sister and the ladie Margaret daughter to the king of Scots so as they should haue inioied the countries of Lothian Northumberland and the countie of Caerleill with the castels For the conclusion of which marriage the archbishop of Canturburie was sent about Christmas to commune with the king of Scots but bicause the Scotish quéene was then conceiued of child hir husband in hope that God would send him a sonne refused to stand vnto the aboue mentioned couenants At this time king Richard sent the abbat of Caen who was also the elect of Durham into England to take an accompts of those that had the receipts of the kings monie for this abbat had informed the king that his receiuers and officers here in the realme dealt not iustlie in making their accompts but both deceiued the king and oppressed his people in exacting more than was due and concealing that which they ought to stand accomptable for The king supposing his words to be true or at least likelie so to line 10 be and that in reforming such vntruth in his officers it should be both profitable to him and well liked of the people sent this abbat ouer with commission to be as it were his generall auditour Howbeit Hubert archbishop of Canturburie which was gouernour of the realme in causes both temporall and spirituall by reason he had the kings authoritie as his vicegerent therefore sufficientlie countenanced also the popes as his legat authorised did somewhat stomach the matter in that it line 20 should be thought he did suffer such abuses in the kings officers and not reforme them But he held him content and said little sith the abbat shewed him the kings commission to doo that which he went about although he brought it not to passe For whereas he came ouer in lent and gaue out commandements that all such as had any thing to doo in receipt of the kings monie should appeare before him after Easter he tarried not to see Easter himselfe but was called into another world by the stroke of death line 30 there to render accompts for his owne acts here in this life committed At the same time there was another person in London called William with the long beard alià s Fitz Osbert which had likewise informed the king of certeine great oppressions and excessiue outrages vsed by rich men against the poore namelie the worshipfull of the citie the Maior and Aldermen who in their hoistings when any tallage was to be gathered burdened the poore further than was thought reason line 40 to ease themselues wherevpon the said William being a seditious person and of a busie nature ceassed not to make complaints Now bicause the king gaue eare vnto him at the first he tooke a boldnesse thereof drawing vnto him great routs of the poorer sort of people would take vpon him to defend the causes of those that found themselues greeued with the heauie yoke of richmen and gentlemen He was somewhat learned and verie eloquent he had also a verie good wit but he applied it rather to set dissention line 50 betwixt the high estates and the low than to anie other good purpose He accused also his owne brother of treason who in his youth had kept him to schoole beene verie good and beneficiall brother vnto him bicause now he would not still mainteine him with monie to beare out his riottous port Moreouer he declared to the king that by extortion and briberie of certeine men of great wealth he lost manie forfeits and escheats Manie gentlemen of honour sore hated him for line 60 his presumptuous attempts to the hindering of their purposes but he had such comfort of the king that he little passed for their malice but kept on his intent till the king being aduertised of the assemblies which he made commanded him to ceasse from such dooings that the people might fall againe to their sciences and occupations which they had for the more part left off at the instigation of this William with the long beard so named of the long heare of his â—eard which he nourished of purpose to seeme the more graue and manlike and also as it were in despite of them which counterfeited the Normans that were for the most part shauen and bicause he would resemble the ancient vsage of the English nation The kings commandement in restraint of the peoples resort vnto him was well kept a while but it was not long yer they began to follow him againe as they had doone before Then he tooke vpon him to make vnto them certeine collations or sermons taking for his theme Haurietis aquâ—â— in gaudio de fontibus saluatoris that is to saie Ye shall draw in gladnesse waters out of the founteins of your sauiour And hereto he added I am said he the sauiour of poore men ye be the poore and haue assaied the hard hands and heauie burdens of the rich now draw ye therefore the healthfull waters of vnderstanding out of my wels and springs and that with ioy For the time of your visitation is come I shall part waters from waters by waters I vnderstand the people and I shall part the people which are good and méeke from the people that are wicked and proud and I shall disseuer the good and euill euen as light is diuided from darkenesse By these and such persuasions and means as he vsed he had gotten two and fiftie thousand persons readie to haue taken his part as appeared after by a roll of their names found in his kéeping besides diuerse instruments of iron to breake vp houses and other things seruing to such like purposes So that he brought the commoners into a great liking of him but the rich and wealthie citizens stood in much feare so that they kept their
men vnder the leading of the chatelaine of saint Omers and the chatelaine of Arras Hugh Thacon Eustace de Neuille Baldwin Brecell William de Wimes Giles de Melun W. de Beamont Giles de Hersie Biset de Fersie and others the which taking the sea arriued with one and fortie ships in the Thames and so came to London the seauen and twentith of Februarie where they were receiued of the barons with great ioy and gladnesse Moreouer the said Lewes wrote to the barons that he purposed by Gods assistance to be at Calice by a day appointed with an armie redie to passe ouer with all spéed vnto their succours The fridaie before Candlemasse day Sauarie de Mauleon and other capteines of the kings side laid siege to the castell of Colchester but hauing intelligence that the barons which laie at London made forward with all speed to come to succour that castell on the Wednesday after Candlemasse day being the third of Februarie they raised their siege and went backe towards S. Edmundsburie In the meane while the K. being gone as yee haue heard to the borders of Scotland a brute was raised that he was dead and secretlie buried at Reading But this rumour had not time to worke any great alteration for after he had dispatched his businesse in the north as he thought expedient he returned and comming into the east parts about the midst of Lent himselfe in person besieged the castell of Colchester and within a few daies after his comming thither it was deliuered vnto him by Frenchmen that kept it with condition that they might depart with all their goods and armour vnto their fellowes at London and that the Englishmen there in companie with them in that castell might likewise depart vpon reasonable ransoms But although that couenant was kept with the Frenchmen yet the Englishmen were staied and committed to prison Wherevpon when the Frenchmen came to London they were apprehended and charged with treason for making such composition whereby those Englishmen that were fellowes with them in arms were secluded from so beneficiall conditions as they had made for themselues They were in danger to haue béene put to death for their euill dealing herein albeit at length it was concluded that they should remaine in prison till the comming of Lewes vnto whose pleasure their cause should be referred After this the castell of Hâ—dingham was woone which belonged vnto earle Robert de Uere Then the king prepared to besiege London but the Londoners were of such courage that they set open their gates and hearing of the kings approach made readie to issue forth to giue him battell wherof the king being aduertised withdrew backe but Sauerie de Mauleon was suddenlie set vpon by the Londoners lost manie of his men and was sore hurt and wounded himselfe The king perceiuing that it would not preuaile him to attempt the winning of the citie at that time drew alongst the coast fortified his castels and prepared a great name meaning to encounter his enimie Lewes by sea but through tempest the ships which he had got togither from Yarmouth Dunwich Lin and other hauens were dispersed in sunder and manie of them cast awaie by rage and violence of the outragious winds Somewhat before this time also when he heard of the compact made betwixt the barons and his aduersaries the Frenchmen he dispatched a messenger in all hast to the pope signifieng to him what was in hand and practised against him requiring furthermore the said pope by his authoritie to cause Lewes to staie his iournie and to succour those rebels in England which he had alreadie excommunicated This he néeded not haue doone had he beene indued with such prudence and prowesse as is requisit to be planted in one that beareth rule of whom it is said Cui si quando Deus rerum permittat habenas Imperijque decus tunc aurea secula fiunt Tunc floret virtus terrásque Astrea reuisit Pax viget vitium duris cohibetur habenis whereas by meanes of defects in the contrarie he line 10 bare too low a saile in that he would be so foolified as being a king to suffer vsurped supremasie to be caruee of his kingdome But let vs sée the consequence The pope desirous to helpe king Iohn all that he might bicause he was now his vassall sent his legat Gualo into France to disswade king Philip from taking anie enterprise in hand against the king of England But king Philip though he was content to heare what the legat could saie yet by no meanes would be turned from the execution of his line 20 purpose alledging that king Iohn was not the lawfull king of England hauing first vsurped and taken it awaie from his nephue Arthur the lawfull inheritour and that now sithens as an enimie to his owne roiall dignitie he had giuen the right of his kingdome awaie to the pope which he could not doo without consent of his nobles and therefore through his owne fault he was worthilie depriued of all his kinglie honor For the kingdome of England saith he neuer belonged to the patrimonie of S. Peter nor at anie time shall For admit that he were rightfull line 30 king yet neither he nor anie other prince may giue awaie his kingdome without the assent of his barons which are bound to defend the same and the prerogatiue roiall to the vttermost of their powers Furthermore saith he if the pope doo meane to mainteine this errour he shall giue a perilous example to all kingdomes of the world Herewithall the Nobles of France then present protested also with one voice that in defense of this article they would stand to the death which is that no king or prince at line 40 his will and pleasure might giue awaie his kingdome or make it tributarie to anie other potentate whereby the Nobles should become thrall or subiect to a forren gouernour These things were doone at Lions in the quindene after Easter Lewes on the morrow following being the 26 of Aprill by his fathers procurement came into the councell chamber and with frowning looke beheld the legat where by his procurator he defended the cause that moued him to take vpon him this iournie into line 50 England disprouing not onelie the right which king Iohn had to the crowne but also alledging his owne interest not onelie by his new election of the barons but also in the title of his wife whose mother the quéene of Castile remained onelie aliue of all the brethren and sisters of Henrie the second late king of England as before ye haue heard The legat made answer herevnto that king Iohn had taken vpon him the crosse as one appointed to go to warre line 60 against Gods enimies in the holie land wherefore he ought by decrée of the generall councell to haue peace for foure yeares to come and to remaine in suertie vnder protection of the apostolike sée But Lewes replied
others in the countries through which he had passed There were some of the Scots that forraied the countrie fiue miles on this side Preston southwards and thus being fourescore long miles within England they returned homewards and entred againe into Scotland without incounter after they had béene at this time within England the space of three wéeks and thrée daies King Edward being thus beset with two mischiefes both at one time thought good first to prouide remedie against the neerer danger which by the Scots was still at hand and therefore he meant to go against them himselfe and to send his brother Edmund earle of Kent into Guien to defend that countrie from the Frenchmen Herevpon now in the sixteenth yeare of his reigne after that the Scots were returned home with a great bootie and rich spoile he got togither a wonderfull great armie of men and entring into Scotland passed far within the countrie not finding any resistance at all as the most part of our writers doo agree but at length through famine and diseases of the flix and other maladies that fell amongst the Englishmen in the armie he was constreined to come backe and in his waie besieged the castell of Norham which fortresse he wan within ten daies after he had begun to assault it Robert Bruce immediatlie after the English armie was retired home raised a power and entring into England by Sulwaie sands laie at a place called Beaumond not past thrée miles froÌ„ Carleill by the space of fiue daies sending in the meane time the most part of his armie abroad to spoile and harrie the countrie on euerie side and afterwards remouing from thence he passed towards Blackamore hauing knowledge by diligent espials that king Edward was in those parts giuing himselfe more to pastime in hunting there within the woods about Blackamore than to the good ordering of his people which he had then about him Wherevpon the Scotish king Bruce entring into that wild and moorish countrie where he had not beene afore conueied his enterprise so warilie and with such diligent industrie that on saint Lukes daie comming vpon the English armie at vnwares he put the same to flight so that the king himselfe was in great danger to haue béene taken prisoner For as some authors write the Scots had almost taken him at dinner in the abbeie of Beighland Sir Iohn Brittaine earle of Richmond was taken at this battell and the kings treasure was spoiled and carried awaie with the prouision and ordinance that belonged to the host The king escaping awaie got to Yorke and the Scots hauing thus the vpper hand after they had spoiled the monasterie of Rinale and taken their pleasure there they passed foorth into Yorkeswold destroieng line 10 that countrie euen almost vnto Beuerlie which towne they ransomed receiuing a summe of monie for sparing it least they should haue burnt it as they did other The earle of Carleill being commanded by the king to raise the powers of Cumberland Westmerland and Lancashire did so and according to that he had in commandement bringing them belowe the countries vnto Yorke found the K. there in no plight to giue battell to his enimies all things being brought about him into great confusion line 20 wherevpon he licenced his people to depart to their homes againe and the Scots so returned without battell home into their countries entring into Scotland the morrow after All ballowes daie after they had remained in England at this time one whole moneth and foure daies Some write that in their returne they spoiled Northalerton and diuerse other townes and places as they passed In the same yeare there was a great conspiracie line 30 practised by certein persons that had taken part with the barons in the late warres purposing to set at libertie in one selfe night all those noble men and others that were by the king kept in prison for that quarrell Certeine therefore of those conspirators came to the castell of Walingford within the which the lord Maurice Berkelie and the lord Hugh Audlie remained as prisoners The conspirators found shift to enter the castell by a posterne gate towards the Thames side howbeit not so secretlie but that the line 40 townesmen hauing knowledge thereof assembled togither and besieged them that were so entred the castell till the earles of Kent and Winchester came with a great power to reenforce the siege so that in the end they that had made this attempt fled into the chappell of the castell in hope to be saued through sanctuarie of the place but they were against the willes of the deane and preests of the colledge there that sought to defend them taken foorth by force so that sir Iohn de Goldington knight sir Edmund of line 50 the Bech chapleine and an esquire called Roger Walton were sent to Pomfret and there put in prison the esquire was after sent to Yorke and there drawne and hanged This enterprise caused all other prisoners to be more streightlie looked vnto In this yeare was begun a wicked practise of treason vpon this occasion Where K. Edward hauing assaied fortune so froward towards him in chance of warre against the Scots at sundrie times was therby taught to doubt the triall thereof any further and line 60 rather to seeke for peace he appointed Andrew Herklie earle of Carleill to séeke some means whereby a peace might be concluded betwixt him and king Robert The earle by the kings commandement going into Scotland and comming vnto king Robert whome he found at Loghmaban intreated with him of warre and not of peace for whether it were so that he despaired of the state of king Edwards businesse which prospered neither at home nor abroad â—heefelie by reason of his owne wilfull negligence as some write or whether of his owne nature this earle delighted in nothing so much as in deceipt craft and treason he concluded vpon points with the Scotish king how when and where king Edward should be betraied and to the end that couenanted faith on either side might be the more suerlie kept and obserued the sister of K. Robert was affianced vnto the said earle of Carleill a verie beautifull ladie and a comelie as was anie where to be séene or found This practise being thus contriued shortlie after the king got knowledge thereof though by whome it was not certeinlie knowne so hard a thing it is for man to conceale and keepe secret that thing which he goeth about though he studie neuer so much so to doo namelie in matters of treason which hath a thousand feet to créepe abroad and which way soeuer it goeth it leaueth a thousand prints of the footsteps behind it by the which it may be discouered to the world When therefore the earle came backe againe to Carleill he was arrested by commandement from the king and straightwaies being arreigned of the treason he was thereof condemned and put to execution
know Then the eight appellants standing on the other side cast their gloues to him and in prosecuting their appeale which alreadie had béene read offered to fight with him man to man to iustifie the same Then said the earle If I were at libertie and that it might so stand with the pleasure of my souereigne I would not refuse to prooue you all liers in this behalfe Then spake the duke of Lancaster saieng to him What haue you further to saie to the points before laid against you He answered that of the kings grace he had his letters of generall pardon which he required to haue allowed Then the duke told him that the pardon was reuoked by the prelates and noble men in the parlement and therefore willed him to make some other answer The earle told him againe that he had an other pardon vnder the kings great seale granted him long after of the kings owne motion which also he required to haue allowed The duke told him that the same was likewise reuoked After this when the earle had nothing more to saie for himselfe the duke pronounced iudgement against him as in cases of treason is vsed But after he had made an end and paused a little he said The king our souereigne lord of his mercie and grace bicause thou art of his bloud and one of the peeres of the realme hath remitted all the other paines sauing the last that is to saie the beheading and so thou shalt onelie lose thy head and foorthwith he was had awaie led through London vnto the Tower hill There went with him to sée the execution doone six great lords of whome there were thrée earles Notingham that had married his daughter Kent that was his daughters son and Huntington being mounted on great horsses with a great companie of armed men and the fierce bands of the Cheshire-men furnished with axes swords bowes and arrowes marching before and behind him who onelie in this parlement had licence to beare weapon as some haue written When he should depart the palace he desired that his hands might be losed to dispose such monie as he had in his pursse betwixt that place and Charingcrosse This was permitted and so he gaue such monie as he had in almes with his owne hands but his armes were still bound behind him When he came to the Tower hill the noble men that were about him mooued him right earnestlie to acknowledge his treason against the king But he in no wise would so doo but mainteined that he was neuer traitour in word or deed and herewith perceiuing the earles of Notingham and Kent that stood by with other noble men busie to further the execution being as yée haue heard of kin and alied to him he spake to them and said Trulie it would haue beséemed you rather to haue béene absent than here at this businesse But the time will come yer it be long when as manie shall meruell at your misfortune as line 10 doo now at mine After this forgiuing the executioner he besought him not to torment him long but to strike off his head at one blowe and féeling the edge of the sword whether it was sharpe inough or not he said It is verie well doo that thou hast to doo quicklie and so knéeling downe the executioner with one stroke strake off his head his bodie was buried togither with his head in the church of the Augustine friers in Breadstréet within the citie of London The death of this earle was much lamented among line 20 the people considering his sudden fall and misâ—rable end where as not long before among all the noblemen of this land within the which was such a number as no countrie in the world had greater store at that present there was none more esteemed so noble and valiant he was that all men spake honour of him After his death as the fame went the king was sore vexed in his sléepe with horrible dreames imagining that he saw this earle appeare vnto him threatning him putting him in horrible line 30 feare as if he had said with the poet to king Richard Nunc quóque factorum venio memor vmbra tuorum Insequor vultus ossea forma tuos With which visions being sore troubled in sleepe he curssed the daie that euer he knew the earle And he was the more vnquiet bicause he heard it reported that the common people tooke the erle for a martyr insomuch that some came to visit the place of his sepulture for the opinion they had conceiued of his holinesse And where it was bruted abroad as for a line 40 miracle that his head should be growne to his bodie againe the tenth daie after his buriall the king sent about ten of the clocke in the night certeine of the nobilitie to sée his bodie taken vp that he might be certified of the truth Which doone and perceiuing it was a fable he commanded the friers to take downe his armes that were set vp about the place of his buriall and to couer the graue so as it should not be perceiued where he was buried But now to returne to the parlement After the death of this earle the lord Thomas Beauchampe line 50 earle of Warwike was brought foorth to abide his triall by parlement and when his accusers charged him in like points of treason such as before were imposed to the earle of Arundell he answered that he neuer meant euill to the kings person nor thought that those rodes and assemblies that were made in companie of the duke of Glocester the earle of Arundell and others might not be accompted treason But when the iudges had shewed him that they could line 60 not be otherwise taken than for treason he humblie besought the king of mercie and grace The king then asked of him whether he had rid with the duke of Glocester and the earle of Arundell as had beene alledged He answered that he could not denie it and wished that he had neuer seene them Then said the king Doo yee not know that you are guiltie of treason He answered againe I acknowledge it and with sobbing teares besought all them that were present to make intercession to the kings maiestie for him Then the king and the duke of Lancaster communed and after the king had a while with silence considered of the matter he said to the earle By saint Iohn Baptist Thomas of Warwike this confession that thou hast made is vnto me more auailable than all the duke of Glocesters and the earle of Warwikes lands Herewith the earle making still intercession for pardon the lords humblie besought the king to grant it Finallie the king pardoned him of life but banished him into the I le of Man which then was the lord Scroopes promising that both he and his wife and children should haue good interteinment Which promise notwithstanding was but slenderlie kept for both the earle and the countesse liued in great penurie as some write
the earle of Northumberland and the lord Henrie Persie his sonne had receiued the most part of the summes of monie granted to him by the cleargie and communaltie for defense of the marches as he could euidentlie prooue what should mooue them to complaine and raise such manifest slanders And whereas he vnderstood that the earles of Northumberland and Worcester and the lord Persie had by their letters signified to their freends abroad that by reason of the slanderous reports of their enimies they durst not appeare in his presence without the mediation of the prelats and nobles of the realme so as they required pledges whereby they might safelie come afore him to declare and alledge what they had to saie in proofe of their innocencie he protested by letters sent foorth vnder his seale that they might safelie come and go without all danger or anie manner of indamagement to be offered to their persons But this could not satisfie those men but that resolued to go forwards with their enterprise they marched towards Shrewesburie vpon hope to be aided as men thought by Owen Glendouer and his Welshmen publishing abroad throughout the countries on each side that king Richard was aliue whome if they wished to sée they willed them to repaire in armour vnto the castell of Chester where without all doubt he was at that present and redie to come forward This tale being raised though it were most vntrue yet it bred variable motions in mens minds causing them to wauer so as they knew not to which part they should sticke and verelie diuers were well affected towards king Richard speciallie such as had tasted of his princelie bountifulnes of which there was no small number And to speake a truth no maruell it was if manie enuied the prosperous state of king Henrie sith it was euident inough to the world that he had with wrong vsurped the crowne and not onelie violentlie deposed king Richard but also cruellie procured his death for the which vndoubtedlie both he and his posteritie tasted such troubles as put them still in danger of their states till their direct succeeding line was quite rooted out by the contrarie faction as in Henrie the sixt and Edward the fourth it may appeare But now to returne where we left King Henrie aduertised of the proceedings of the Persies foorthwith gathered about him such power as he might make and being earnestlie called vpon by the Scot the earle of March to make hast and giue battell to his enimies before their power by delaieng of time should still too much increase he passed forward with such spéed that he was in sight of his enimies lieng in campe néere to Shrewesburie before they were i◠doubt of anie such thing for the Persies thought that he would haue staied at Burton vpon Trent till his councell had come thither to him to giue their aduise what he were best to doo But herein the enimie was deceiued of his expectation sith the king had great regard of expedition and making speed for the safetie of his owne person wherevnto the earle of March incited him considering that in delaie is danger losse in lingering as the poet in the like case saith Tolle moras nocuit semper differre paratis Dum trepidant nullo firmatae robore partes By reason of the kings sudden cōming in this sort they staied from assaulting the towne of Shrewesburie which enterprise they were readie at that instant to haue taken in hand and foorthwith the lord Persie as a capteine of high courage began to exhort the capteines and souldiers to prepare themselues to battell sith the matter was growen to that point that by no meanes it could be auoided so that said he this daie shall either bring vs all to aduancement honor or else if it shall chance vs to be ouercome shall deliuer vs from the kings spitefull malice and cruell disdaine for plaieng the men as we ought to doo better it is to die in battell for the common-wealths cause than through cowardlike feare to prolong life which after shall be taken from vs by sentence of the enimie Herevpon the whole armie being in number about fourtéene thousand chosen men promised to stand with him so long as life lasted There were with the Persies as chiefteines of this armie the earle of Dowglas a Scotish man the baron of Kinderton sir Hugh Browne and sir Richard Uernon knights with diuerse other stout and right valiant capteins Now when the two armies were incamped the one against the other the earle of Worcester and the lord Persie with their complices sent the articles whereof line 10 I spake before by Thomas Caiton and Thomas Saluain esquiers to king Henrie vnder their hands and seales which articles in effect charged him with manifest periurie in that contrarie to his oth receiued vpon the euangelists at Doncaster when he first entred the realme after his exile he had taken vpon him the crowne and roiall dignitie imprisoned king Richard caused him to resigne his title and finallie to be murthered Diuerse other matters they laid to his charge as leuieng of taxes and tallages contrarie line 20 to his promise infringing of lawes customes of the realme and suffering the earle of March to remaine in prison without trauelling to haue him deliuered All which things they as procurors protectors of the common-wealth tooke vpon them to prooue against him as they protested vnto the whole world King Henrie after he had read their articles with the defiance which they annexed to the same answered the esquiers that he was readie with dint of line 30 sword and fierce battell to prooue their quarrell false and nothing else than a forged matter not doubting but that God would aid and assist him in his righteous cause against the disloiall and false forsworne traitors The next daie in the morning earlie being the euen of Marie Magdalene they set their battels in order on both sides and now whilest the warriors looked when the token of battell should be giuen the abbat of Shrewesburie and one of the clearks of the priuie seale were sent from the king vnto the Persies line 40 to offer them pardon if they would come to any reasonable agréement By their persuasions the lord Henrie Persie began t◠giue eare vnto the kings offers so sent with them his vncle the earle of Worcester to declare vnto the king the causes of those troubles and to require some effectuall reformation in the same It was reported for a truth that now when the king had condescended vnto all that was resonable at his hands to be required and seemed to humble line 50 himselfe more than was meet for his estate the earle of Worcester vpon his returne to his nephue made relation cleane contrarie to that the king had said in such sort that he set his nephues hart more in displeasure towards the king than euer it was
king Charles that he might shew himselfe conformable vnto such orders and decrées as they had taken appointed and agréed vpon and for his part he promised to worship loue and honor his father in law the said K. Charles in place of his owne father according to the true mening of this concord and agréement trusting the same to be a peace finall And to conclude he promised that if they shewed line 40 themselues true and loiall to him according to the same agréement the Ocean sea should sooner ceasse to slow and the bright sunne lose his light than he would desist from dooing that which became a prince to doo to his subiect or a father to his naturall child When he had thus persuaded the nobilitie and dispatched his businesse at Troies he with all his armie hauing with him the French king and the duke of Burgognie departed from thence the fourth of Iune and vpon the seauenth daie of the same moneth came before the towne of Sens in Burgognie line 50 which held on the Dolphins part but after foure daies siege it was yéelded vnto the king and there he made capteine the lord Genuille From thence he remooued to Monstreau on fault Yonne which towne was taken on the three and twentith daie of Iune by assault so that manie of the Dolphins part were apprehended before they could get to the castell Whilest the siege laie there and before the towne line 60 was entred the duke of Bedford came thither vnto the king bringing with him a faire retinue of soldiers out of England After the getting of the towne the castell being well vittelled and manned denied to render and therefore was it enuironed with a strong siege During the which the duke of Burgognie was informed in what place of the towne the duke his father was buried who was slaine there as before you haue heard and now his corps was taken vp againe by his sonnes appointment and â—eared and so conueied vnto Digeon in high Burgognie and there buried by his father Philip to the end that the remembrance of him should remaine to posterities by the reseruation of some monument abiding in the place of his interment after that his bodie was consumed and his naturall countenance forgotten Which is the last point of reuerend dutie as we may well thinke which pietie of children towards their parents dooth require namelie that they be decentlie buried when they be departed and that their graues or toome stones may put vs that are aliue in mind of going the same waie and to set no more by this flitting life than standeth with the vncerteintie and shortnesse of the same as one right well saith Cùm tumulum cernis cur non mortalia spornis Esto memor mortis quo viuis tempore fortis Bicause they within the castell of Monstreau gaue opprobrious words vnto the kings herald that was sent to them the king caused a gibet to be set vp before the castle on the which were hanged twelue of those spitefull offendors all gentlemen freends to the capteine named monsieur de Guitrie who at length perceiuing that by no means he could be succoured and fearing to be taken by force began to treat with the king of England who for the space of eight daies would hearken to none of his offers but in conclusion he and his rendred themselues simplie their liues onelie saued six wéekes after they had béene besieged The earle of Warwike was made capteine both of the towne and castell who fortified it with men munition and vittels About this time Robert the gouernour of Scotland the fiftéenth yéere after his brothers reigne and in the thirtith yeare of his owne regiment deceassed in whose steed and office his sonne Mordac duke of Albanie was by and by chosen who had sonnes three Walter Alexander and Iames whereof the two eldest beginning betimes to be obstinate grew soone after verie graceles and wicked that in one flagitious feat among the rest by this Walter verie impiouslie against his parents was vttered The gouernour had a faire a gentle and well flieng falcon whereby he set great store The sonne verie desirous of the same made manie meanes and motions to haue hir not without note of malapert importunitie and lacke of reuerence toward his parents pleasure which the father dissembling to sée would not yet in anie wise forgo his hawke Whereat this child reiecting regard of dutie and receiuing an vnnaturall hate and heat by broth of iniquitie set a boiling in his brest came in on a time where standing a while at a sudden braid pluckt awaie the bird from his fathers fist and straight before his face wrang of hir necke The gouernour heereat sore astonied for verie greefe gaue a great grone Well sonne quod he since yée cannot bridle your brunts for dutie and reuerence toward me your parent and souereigne I will bring in one that shall bridle vs both Heerevpon soone after he with one Calen Campbell a noble man of much authoritie vnto whome this Walter had doone a great despight and with other of the nobilitie fell straight in consultation about the calling home of their king Which all with one assent they did right well allow whereby soone after as is touched afore and followeth more at large he was by them in his kingdome right roiallie placed But this came of it These mischéefous children Walter and Alexander the verie cause of their fathers confusion and their owne within few yeares after condemned by law vpon a hill by Sterling castell had their heads chopt off at once Walters wife with hir two sonnes Andrew and Alexander ran for refuge awaie into Ireland thus for their long iniquities their hires iustlie paid all in a daie Now to procéed in our processe of France After the thus winning of the towne and castell of Monstreau the king departing from thence came to Melun vpon Seine the thirteenth daie of Iulie and besieged it round about hauing then in companie with him the French king and the yoong king of Scots the dukes of Burgognie Clarence Bedford Glocester and Bar the prince of Orainge and one and twentie earles besides lords barons knights equall to lords in degree to the number of seauen and fiftie what of England and France and beside also fiftéene maister soldiers This siege continued the space almost of seuen moneths or as Thomas Walsingham saith fouretéene wéekes and foure daies with skirmishing scaling assaulting and defending line 10 to the losse no doubt of both parts Capteine of this towne was one monsieur de Barbason a Gascoine of such experience and approoued valiancie in wars that his renowme and fame was spred through the world At the first laieng of the siege he called all the soldiers there in garrison and likewise the townesmen afore him and warned them all on paine of death that none of them should be so hardie as to treat or once to motion anie
euill willers to grow in ouer-great authoritie with the prince in youth namelie which is light of beleefe and soone persuaded Yée remember I trow king Edward himselfe albeit he was a man of age discretion yet was he in manie things ruled by the bend more than stood either with his honor or our profit or with the cōmoditie of any man else except onlie the immoderate aduancement of themselues Which whether they forer thirsted after their owne weale or our wo it were hard I wéene to gesse And if some folks fréendship had not holden better place with the king than anie respect of kinred they might peraduenture easilie haue betrapped and brought to confusion some of vs yer this Why not as easilie as they haue doone some other alreadie as neere of his roiall bloud as we But our Lord hath wrought his will and thanks be to his grace that perill is past Howbeit as great is growing if we suffer this yoong king in our enimies hand which without his witting might abuse the name of his commandement to anie of our vndooing which thing God defend and good prouision forbid Of which good prouision none of vs hath anie thing the lesse néed for the late made attonement in which the kings pleasure had more place than the parties willes Nor none of vs I beléeue is so vnwise ouer-soone to trust a new freend made of an old fo or to thinke that an hourlie kindnes suddenlie contracted in one houre continued yet scant a fortnight should be déeper settled in their stomachs than a long accustomed malice manie yeares rooted With these words and writings and such other the duke of Glocester soone set on fire them that were of themselues easie to kindle in speciallie twaine Edward duke of Buckingham and William lord Hastings then chamberleine both men of honour of great power the one by long succession from his ancestrie the other by his office and the kings fauour These two not bearing ech to other so much loue as hatred both vnto the quéenes part in this point accorded togither with the duke of Glocester that they would vtterlie remoue from the kings companie all his mothers fréends vnder the name of their enimies Upon this concluded the duke of Glocester vnderstanding that the lords which at that time were about the king intended to bring him vp to his coronation accōpanied with such power of their freends that it should be hard for him to bring his purpose to passe without the gathering and great assemblie of people and in maner of open warre whereof the end he wist was doubtfull and in which the king being on their side his part should haue the face and name of a rebellion he secretlie therfore by diuers means caused the queene to be persuaded and brought in the mind that it neither were need and also should be ieopardous the king to come vp strong For whereas now euerie lord loued other and none other thing studied vpon but about the coronation and honor of the king if the lords of hir kindred should assemble in the kings name much people they should giue the lords betwixt whome and them had béene sometime debate to feare and suspect least they should gather this people not for the kings safegard whome no man impugned but for their destruction hauing more regard to their old variance than their new attonement For which cause they should assemble on the other partie much people againe for their defense whose power she wist well far stretched and thus should all the realme fall on a rore And of all the hurt that thereof should insue which was likelie not to be little and the most harme there like to fall where she least would all the world would put hir and hir kindered in the wight and saie that they had vnwiselie and vntrulie also broken the amitie peace that the king hir husband so prudentlie made betwéene his kin and hirs in his death bed and which the other partie faithfullie obserued The queene being in this wise persuaded such word sent vnto hir sonne and vnto hir brother being about the king and ouer that the duke of Glocester himselfe line 10 and other lords the chiefe of his bend wrote vnto the king so reuerentlie and to the quéenes fréends there so louinglie that they nothing earthlie mistrusting brought the king vp in great hast not in good spéed with a sober companie Now was the king in his waie to London gone from Northampton when these dukes of Glocester and Buckingham came thither where remained behind the lord Riuers the kings vncle intending on the morrow to follow the king and to be with him at Stonie Stratford certeine line 20 miles thence earlie yer he departed So was there made that night much fréendlie chéere betwéene these dukes the lord Riuers a great while But incōtinent after that they were openlie with great courtesie departed and the lord Riuers lodged the dukes secretlie with a few of their most priuie freends set them downe in councell wherein they spent a great part of the night And at their rising in the dawning of the daie they sent about priuilie to their seruants in their Ins line 30 lodgings about giuing them commandement to make themselues shortlie readie for their lords were to horsse backeward Upon which messages manie of their folke were attendant when manie of the lord Riuers seruants were vnreadie Now had these dukes taken also into their custodie the keies of the In that none should passe foorth without their licence And ouer this in the high waie toward Stonie Stratford where the king lay they had bestowed certeine of their folke that should send backe againe line 40 and compell to returne anie man that were gotten out of Northampton toward Stonie Stratford till they should giue other licence For asmuch as the dukes themselues intended for the shew of their diligence to be the first that should that daie attend vpon the kings highnesse out of that towne Thus bare they folke in hand But when the lord Riuers vnderstood the gates closed and the waies on euerie side beset neither his seruants nor himselfe suffered to gone out perceiuing line 50 well so great a thing without his knowledge not begun for naught comparing this manner present with this last nights chéere in so few houres so great a change maruellouslie misliked Howbeit sith he could not get awaie and keepe himselfe close he would not least he should séeme to hide himselfe for some secret feare of his owne fault whereof he saw no such cause in himselfe he determined vpon the suertie of his owne conscience to go boldlie to them and inquire what this matter might meane line 60 Whom assoone as they saw they began to quarrell with him and saie that he intended to set distance betweene the king and them and to bring them to confusion but it should not lie in his power And when he began as he
number of six hundred horsses was come on his waie to London-ward after secret méeting and communication had eftsoones departed Wherevpon at Northampton the duke met with the protector himselfe with thrée hundred horsses line 20 and from thense still continued with him partner of all his deuises till that after his coronation they departed as it séemed verie great fréends at Glocester From whense as soone as the duke came home he so lightlie turned from him and so highlie conspired against him that a man would maruell whereof the change grew And suerlie the occasion of their variance is of diuerse men diuerselie reported Some haue I heard say that the duke a little before line 30 his coronation among other things required of the protector the duke of Herefords lands to the which he pretended himselfe iust inheritor And forsomuch as the title which he claimed by inheritance was somwhat interlaced with the title to the crowne by the line of king Henrie before depriued the protector conceiued such indignation that he reiected the dukes request with manie spitefull and minatorie words Which so wounded his heart with hatred and mistrust that he neuer after could indure to looke line 40 aright on king Richard but euer feared his owne life so far foorth that when the protector rode through London toward his coronation he feined himselfe sicke bicause he would not ride with him And the other also taking it in euill part sent him word to rise and come ride or he would make him be caried Wherevpon he rode on with euill will and that notwithstanding on the morow rose from the feast feining himselfe sicke and king Richard said it was doone in hatred and despite of him line 50 And they said that euer after continuallie each of them liued in such hatred and distrust of other that the duke verelie looked to haue beene murthered at Glocester from which nathelesse he in faire maner departed But suerlie some right secret at that daie denie this and manie right wise men thinke it vnlikelie the déepe dissembling nature of both those men considered and what néed in that gréene world the protector had of the duke and in what perill the duke stood if he fell once in suspicion of the tyrant line 60 that either the protector would giue the duke occasion of displeasure or the duke the protector occasion of mistrust And verelie men thinke that if king Richard had anie such opinion conceiued he would neuer haue suffered him to escape his hands Uerie truth it is the duke was an high minded man and euill could beare the glorie of another so that I haue heard of some that say they saw it that the duke at such time as the crowne was first set vpon the protectors head his eie could not abide the sight thereof but wried his head another way But men say that he was of truth not well at ease and that both to king Richard well knowne and not euill taken nor anie demand of the dukes vncourteouslie reiected but he both with great gifts and high behests in most louing and trustie maner departed at Glocester But soone after his comming home to Brecknocke hauing there in his custodie by the commandement of king Richard doctor Morton bishop of Elie who as ye before heard was taken in the councell at the Tower waxed with him familiar whose wisedome abused his pride to his owne deliuerance and the dukes destruction The bishop was a man of great naturall wit verie well learned and honorable in behauior lacking no wise waies to win fauour He had béene fast vpon the part of king Henrie while that part was in wealth and nathelesse left it not nor forsooke it in wo but fled the realme with the queene the prince while king Edward had the king in prison neuer came home but to the field After which lost and that part vtterlie subdued the other for his fast faith and wisedome not onelie was content to receiue him but also wooed him to come and had him from thencefoorth both in secret trust and verie speciall fauour which he nothing deceiued For he being as yée haue heard after king Edwards death first taken by the tyrant for his truth to the king found the meane to set this duke in his top ioined gentlemen togither in the aid of king Henrie deuising first the mariage betwéene him king Edwards daughter by which his faith he declared the good seruice to both his masters at once with infinit benefit to the realme by the coniunction of those two blouds in one whose seuerall titles had long disquieted the land he fled the realme went to Rome neuer minding more to meddle with the world till the noble prince king Henrie the seuenth gat him home againe made him archbishop of Canturburie and chancellor of England wherevnto the pope ioined the honour of cardinall Thus liuing manie daies in as much honor as one man might well wish ended them so godlie that his death with Gods mercie well changed his life This man therefore as I was about to tell you by the long often alternate proofe as well of prosperitie as aduerse fortune had gotten by great experience the verie mother and mistresse of wisedome a déepe insight in politike worldlie drifts Whereby perceiuing now this duke glad to commune with him fed him with faire words and manie pleasant praises And perceiuing by the processe of their communications the dukes pride now and then belking out a little breath of enuie toward the glorie of the king and thereby feeling him easie to fall out if the matter were well handled he craftilie sought the waies to pricke him forward taking alwaies the occasion of his comming and so kéeping himselfe so close within his bounds that he rather séemed to follow him than to lead him For when the duke first began to praise and boast the king and shew how much profit the realme should take by his reigne my lord Morton answered thus Suerlie my lord follie were it for me to lie for if I would sweare the contrarie your lordship would not I weene beléeue but that if the world would haue gone as I would haue wished king Henries sonne had had the crowne and not king Edward But after that God had ordered him to léese it and king Edward to reigne I was neuer so mad that I would with a dead man striue against the quicke So was I to king Edward a faithfull chapleine glad would haue béene that his child had succéeded him Howbeit if the secret iudgment of God haue otherwise prouided I purpose not to spurne against a pricke nor labour to set vp that God pulleth downe And as for the late protector and now king And euen there he left saieng that he had alreadie medled too much with the world and would from that daie meddle with his booke and his beads and no further Then longed the duke sore to heare what he
would forsake their habit and all that were vnder the age of foure and twentie yéeres and the residue were closed vp that would remaine Further they tooke order that no men should haue accesse to the houses of women nor women to the houses of men except it should be to heare their seruice The abbat or prior of the house where anie of the brethren was willing to depart was appointed to giue to euerie of them a priests gowne for his habit and fortie shillings in monie the nunnes to haue such apparell as secular women ware and to go whither them liked best ¶ The eleuenth of Nouember was a great procession at London for â—oie of the French kings recouerie of health from a dangerous sicknesse ¶ In December a surueie was taken of all chanteries and the names of them that had the gift of them The princesse Dowager â—â—eng at Kâ—imbalton fell into hir last sicknesse whereof the king being aduertised appointed the emperors ambassador that was legier here with him named Eustachius Caputius to go to visit hir and to doo his commendations to hir and will hir to be of good comfort The ambassador with all diligence did his duetie therein comforting hir the best he might but she within six daies after perceiuing hir selfe to wax verie weake and féeble and to féele death approching at hand caused one of hir gentlewomen to write a letter to the king commending to him hir daughter and his beseeching him to stand good father vnto hir and further desired him to haue some consideration of hir gentlewomen that had serued hir and to sée them bestowed in marriage Further that it would please him to appoint that hir seruants might haue their due wages and a yéeres wages beside This in effect was all that she requested and so immediatlie herevpon she departed this life the eight of Ianuarie at Kimbalton aforesaid and was buried at Peterborow ¶ The nine and twentith of Ianuarie quéene Anne was deliuered of a child before hir time which was borne dead On the fourth of Februarie the parlement began in the which amongst other things enacted all religious houses of the value of three hundred marks and vnder were giuen to the king with all the lands and goods to them belonging The number of these houses were thrée hundred seauentie and six the value of their lands yearlie aboue two and thirtie thousand pounds their moouable goods one hundred thousand the religious persons put out of the same houses amounted to the number of aboue 10000. This yéere was William Tindall burnt at a towne betwixt Bruxels and Maclin called Uillefort This Tindall otherwise called Hichins was borne in the marches of Wales and hauing a desire to translate and publish to his countrie diuerse books of the bible in English and doubting to come in trouble for the same if he should remaine here in England got him ouer into the parties of beyond the sea where he translated not onelie the new testament into the English toong but also the fiue bookes of Moses Iosua Iudicum Ruth the books of the kings and Paralipomenon Nehemias or the first of Esdras and the prophet Ionas Beside these translations he made certeine tretises and published the same which were brought ouer into England and read with great desire of diuerse and of many sore despised and abhorred so that proclamations were procured foorth for the condemnation and prohibiting of his â—â—oks as before you haue heard Finallie he was apprehended at Antwerpe by meanes of one Philips an Englishman and then scholer at Louaine After he had remained in prison a long time and was almost forgotten the lord Cromwell wrote for his deliuerance but then in all hast because he would not recant anie part of his doctrine he was bâ—rned as before you haue heard Of whose conuersation and doctrine innocent in the world and sincere for truth as also of his death and martyrdome read the martyrolologie of Iohn Fox our ecclesiasticall chronographer Anno 1536. sub Hen. 8. On Maie daie were solemne iusts kept at Gréenwich and suddenlie from the iusts the king departed not hauing aboue six persons with him and in the euening came to Westminster Of this sudden departing many mused but most chéeflie the quéene ¶ On the next morrow the lord Rochford brother to the quéene and Henrie Norris were brought to line 10 the tower of London prisoners Also the same daie about fiue of the clocke in the after noone queene Anne of Bullongne was brought to the tower of London by sir Thomas Audleie lord chancellor the duke of Norffolke Thomas Cromwell secretarie and sir William Kingston constable of the tower and when she came to the tower gate entring in â—he fell on hir knées before the said lords beséeching God to helpe hir as she was not guiltie of that whereof she was accused and then desired the said lords to line 20 beséech the kings grace to be good vnto hir and so they left hir there prisoner On the fiftéenth of Maie quéene Anne was arreigned in the tower of London on a scaffold for that purpose made in the kings hall before the duke of Norffolke who sate vnder the cloth of estate as high steward of England with the lord chancellor on his right hand the duke of Suffolke on his left hand with marquesses and lords c and the earle of Surrie sat before the duke of Norffolke his father as earle marshall of England The kings commission being read the constable line 30 of the tower and the lieutenant brought the queene to the barre where was made a chaire for hir to sit downe in and there hir indictement was read wherevnto she made so wise and discréet answers that she seemed fullie to cleere hir selfe of all matters laid to hir charge but being tried by hir péeres whereof the duke of Suffolke was chiefe she was by them found guiltie and had iudgement pronounced by the duke of Norffolke line 40 Immediatlie the lord Rochford the queenes brother was likewise arreigned and condemned the lord maior of London his brethren the aldermen the wardens and foure persons mo of euerie the twelue principall companies being present The seauenteenth of Maie the lord Rochford brother to the quéene Henrie Norris Marke Smeton William Brierton and Francis Weston all of the kings priuie chamber about matters touching the quéene were beheaded on the tower hill the lord Rochfords line 50 bodie with the head was buried in the chappell of the tower the other foure in the churchyard there On the ninetéenth of Maie quéene Anne was on a scaffold made for that purpose vpon the gréene within the tower of London beheaded with the sword of Calis by the hands of the hangman of that towne hir bodie with the head was buried in the quéere of the chappell in the tower The words of queene Anne line 60 at hir death GOod christian people I am come hither to
maried to Richard Warraine son to king Iohn as appeareth by a déed belonging to my selfe who had the rectorie of Leosnes beginning thus Rosade Douer quondam vxor venerabilis viri Richardi filij regis de Chilham Hugh Pusaz de Puteaco or Pudsie nephue to king Stephan being bishop of Durham and erle of Northumberland and William Longchampe bishop of Elie had the gouernement of the realme for Richard the first vpon his departure foorth of the realme to take his iournie into the holie land For in his absence he appointed this Hugh to haue the rule of the north parts as chiefe iustice warden of the realme from Humber to Scotland deliuering to him also the keeping of the castell of Winchester the other parts of the realme with the custodie of the tower he assigned to the gouernement of William Longchampe bishop of Elie whome he made chiefe iustice and warden of those east south and west parts making him also his chancellour who being a man of great diligence and knowledge in the administration of things was yet verie factious and desirous of rule honour and riches farre aboue all measure And with these two bishops hée linked in authoritie by commission Hugh lord Bardolph William Marshall the great earle of Chepstow Strigull or Penbroke Geffreie Fitzpeter and William Brewer barons men of great honor wisdome discretion This the king did in the yeare of Christ 1190 and the first yeare of his reigne Walter de Constantijs sometime chancellor of England bishop of Lincolne and now archbishop of Roane vpon the misdemeanor of the proud bishop of Elie William Longchampe about the yeare 1192 had the custodie and gouernement of the realme committed vnto him whilest king Richard the first remained still in the holie warres who being called from that place in the yeare of Christ 1193 with Eleanor mother to the king to come to king Richard then imprisoned in Austria the archbishop of Canturburie Hubert succeeded him in the yeare 1194 whome the said archbishop of Roane procured to be installed in the see of Canturburie which Walter de Constantijs as hath Eueresden was made bishop of Lincolne in the yeare 1183 and the next yeare after bishop of Roane Hubert Walter or Walter Hubert for such a tansmutation of the name is vsed amongst historiographers was made vpon the discharge and going of Walter archbishop of Roane beyond the seas to king Richard gouernor and protector of the realme before the returne of Richard the first into England after the said kings imprisonment by the duke of Austria and the emperour procured by Sauaricus bishop of Glastenburie and Welles kinsman to the emperor wherof our moderne printed chronicles nor our ancient writers except one make any mention This Hubert died at his manor of Tenham and was buried at Canturburie in the south wall in the yeare of our redemption 1205 the third ides of Iulie being the seuenth yeare of king Iohn Eleanor widow to Henrie the second and mother to Richard the first was made protectresse of England after the departure of hir son into France when he had beene deliuered out of prison in which office she continued during the life of hir sonne which he ended in Poitiers in those French warres by a hurt receiued from one that discharged a crossebow against him on a fridaie as he besieged Chalons Touching whose death sith I am now in hand with the same it shall not be amisse to set downe such seuerall verses composed by seuerall men in seuerall sorts as I haue read and are not yet made common to the world which verses be these concerning his death and place of buriall as hereafter followeth Pictauus exta ducis sepelit tellúsque Chalucis Corpus dat claudi sub marmore fontis Ebraudi Neustria táque tegis cor inexpugnabile regis Sic loca per trina se sparsit tanta ruina Nec fuit hoc funus cui sufficeret locus vnus Whereof also another composed these following verses somewhat eloquentlie as saith Matthew Paris and so in truth they were considering that age which mostlie vsed a riming kind of Latine verses induced into the west part of the world by the barbarous Gothes in his greater historie of the life of king Richard in manner and forme following Ad Chalus cecidit rex regni cardo Richardus His ferus his humilis his agnus his leopardus Casus erat lucis Chalus per secula nomen Non intellectum fuerat sed nominis omen Non patuit res clausa fuit sed duce cadente Prodijt in lucem pro casu lucis adeptae Besides which verses of two seuerall men it pleaseth line 10 my pen to ad also the third mans dooing aswell for that the number of thrée is the holie number as for that there is nothing so sweet but that varietie dooth refresh it yet especiallie sith it is delightfull to sée the seuerall inuentions of manie wits this third poet therefore exclaming against the daie in which the said king Richard the first receiued his deaths wound being on a fridaie dooth thus write O veneris damnosa dies ô sydus amarum line 20 Ille dies tua nox fuit Venus illa venenum Illa dedit laethum sed pessimus ille dierum Primus ab vndecimo quo vitae victricus ipsum Clausit vtraque dies homicida tyrannide mira Transigitur clausus exclusum tectus opertum Prouidus incautum miles inimicus inermem This quéene Eleanor the protectresse died in the yere of Christ 1205 being the seuenth of king Iohn Gefferie Fitzpeter lord Ludgersall who was by Richard the first made chiefe iustice of England after line 30 the remouing of Hubert the archbishop of Canturburie and was in the first yeare of king Iohn girded by him with the sword of the earldome of Essex was also protector of the realme Who being a man of great power and authoritie was by nature gentle by birth noble in the lawes cunning in reuenues great and to all a good iusticer This man was a bridle to king Iohn to restreine his insolencie since he was confederat and alied in friendship bloud with all the nobilitie of England for that line 40 cause was greatlie feared of the K. who said of him as he did before of the archbishop Hubert that he then did fullie reigne when they two were dead For turning to those which stood by him when news was brought vnto him of the death of Fitz Geffreie he sware by Gods feet that he was then king lord of England and not before Which words he would not vse when the archbishop Hubert died because this man was yet liuing whome the king as is alreadie said greatlie feared And therefore vpon the line 50 death of the archbishop he did onelie saie that he began to reigne but now vpon this mans departure out of the world he said he was become a full lord absolute king
of England This Geffreie Fitzpeter died in the yeare of our redemption 1212 being about the fourtéenth yeare of the reigne of the said miserablie afflicted king Iohn who died in the yeare of Christ 1216 whose death I haue beene the willinger here to mention because I would set downe his epitaph not else before set downe in our English line 60 chronicles as I find the same of ancient report Hoc in sarcophago sepelitur regis imago Qui moriens multum sedauit in orbe tumultum Et cui connexa dum vixit probra manebant Hunc mala post mortem timor est nefata sequantur Qui legis haec metuens dum cernis te moriturum Discito quid rerum pariat tibi meta dierum This Geffreie Fitzpeter maried Beatrice daughter and heire of William lord Saie by whom he had issue Geffreie Mandeuile earle of Essex Mawd maried to Humfreie de Bohuns by whome the Bohunes became earles of Essex William Marshall surnamed the great being erle of Penbroke was made protector of the realme person of the king after that the king being nine yeares of age was crowned in the yeare of our Lord 1216. Which office this William being also marshall of England vsed so honorablie that he recouered a great part of the nobilitie which tooke part with Lewes son of the French king against king Iohn father to this Henrie to assist the yoong king Henrie against the said Lewes who in the time of the said Iohn had obteined a great part of the kingdome of England By which meanes the said Lewes was expelled and the kingdome wholie recouered to the vse of the said yoong king Henrie the third This William Marshall maried Isabell daughter and heire to Richard Strangbow earle of Penbroke who made him a happie father in the multitude of his children For by hir he had fiue sonnes all which were in succession marshals of England and earles of Penbroke and fiue daughters The sonnes were William Richard Gilbert Walter and Anselme who all dieng without issue the inheritance was deuolued to the fiue sisters which were Mawd the eldest maried to Hugh Bigod in hir right earle marshall Ione the second maried to Waraine Monthensie in hir right also earle of Penbroke as hath Nicholas Triuet Isabell the third maried to Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester Sibill the fourth maried to William Ferrers erle of Darbie Eue the fift daughter maried to William de Berehuse or de Brause This William the great died in the yeare of our redemption 1219 being the third as hath Nicholas Triuet or the fourth as hath Matthew Westminster yeare of the reigne of the said king Henrie the third and was buried at the new temple on Ascension daie being the seuenteenth calends of Aprill of whome was made this epitaph by Geruasius Melckeleie taking vpon him the person of the earle marshall Sum quem Saturnum sibi sentit Hibernia Solem Anglia Mercurium Normannia Gallia Martem Which signifieth that he was a sharpe corrector and ruler of the Irish an honor glorie to the English a councellor and dispatcher of the affaires of Normandie a warlike knight and inuincible capteine against the Frenchmen Petrus de rupibus or Peter of the Roch being bishop of Winchester was after the death of William Marshall earle of Penbroke aduanced to the protectorship of the king because that the yoong king was almost destitute of anie of his owne kindred that might woorthilie haue the rule of his person For his mother quéene Isabell was newlie maried to Hugh Brune earle of March in France This bishop of Winchester who was both a wise and a stout prelat being now in possession of the king and mistrusting that he had entred into a more weightie office than he might well discharge if all things were not doone according to the fansie of the nobilitie procured diuerse graue and honorable men to be preferred to the kings councell and to be associats to him in the administration of the weale publike and so entred into the administration of his new atchiued honor Which yet he did not long inioie But as the bishop was at the first carefull to plant such of the nobilitie about the king for the support of the realme so yet himselfe being a Gascoine did after in the riper yeares of the king prefer to offices about the king such Gascoins as both were of his owne bloud and kindred and by their extraordinarie dealing procured the nobilitie with an hard and vndutifull course to oppose themselues against the king This Peter was aduanced to the seat of Winchester in the yeare of our redemption 1204 being about the sixt yeare of king Iohn After which he went to Rome and being a prelat more fit to fight than to preach for Mars than for the muses did returne from Rome in the yeare of Christ 1205 being about the seuenth yeare of king Iohn He remained bishop about two and thirtie yeares and died at his manour house of Fernham on the fift ides of Iune in the yeare of our Lord as haue Matthew Paris and Matthew Westminster 1238 being the two twentith yeare of Henrie the third Who somewhat before his death about the one and line 10 thirtith yeare of his bishoprike went into the holie land with the bishop of Excester He builded and indued with possessions manie religious houses amongst which he founded Tichfield in Hampshire of which Peter de la Roches or of the rocks Matthew Paris maketh a more large discourse Hubert de Burow conestable of Douer castle earle of Kent and chiefe iustice of England being of great account in the realme for his probitie and goodnesse was made protector of the king and kingdome line 20 in the yeare of our redemption 1221 being the fift yeare of king Henrie the third This man in the yeare of Christ 1221 being the same yeare in the which he was made protector maried at Yorke Margaret sister to Alexander king of Scots And here I thinke it not amisse to saie somewhat touching the issue of this Hubert of Burow who in a certeine namelesse booke caried about in the hands of all men treating of the nobilitie created since the inuasion of William Conqueror is said to die without issue which cannot possiblie be so if that be line 30 true which I haue séene which I am led by manie reasons to beléeue to be most true For I haue read of two children which this Hubert had whereof the one being a sonne was called Richard de Burow who was knighted by Henrie the third as it séemeth to me after the death of his father if this Richard be not the same Iohn of whome Matthew Paris writeth that in the yeare of Christ 1229 Rex Anglorum Henricus in die Pentecostes Iohannem filium Huberti Angliae iusticiarij cingulo militari line 40 donauit tertio nonas Iunij The other child was a daughter called Margaret maried to Richard heire to the
before the high altar two dukes betwéene two quéenes to wit the duke of Summerset the duke of Northumberland betweene quéene Anne and quéene Katharine all foure beheaded At the same time and place also was likewise beheaded sir Iohn Gates and sir Thomas Palmer which line 50 sir Iohn Gates in that place vsed few words but laid downe his head without anie kercher and had the same striken off at thrée blowes Sir Thomas Palmer as soone as he came to the scaffold tooke euerie man by the hand and desired them to praie for him then putting off his gowne he leaned vpon the â—ast raile and said these words in effect The effect of such words as sir Thomas Palmer vttered on the line 60 scaffold at his death MY maisters quoth he God saue you all It is not vnknowne vnto you wherefore I come hither which I haue worthilie well deserued at Gods hands for I know it to be his diuine ordinance by this meanes to call me to his mercie and to teach me to know my selfe what I am and wherevnto we are all subiect I thanke his mercifull goodnesse for hee hath caused me to learne more in one little darke corner in yonder tower than euer I learned by anie trauell in so manie places as I haue beene For there I saie I haue seene God what he is how vnsearchable his woonderous works are how infinit his mercies be I haue seene there my selfe throghlie and what I am nothing but a lumpe of sin earth dust and of all vilenesse most vilest I haue seene there and know what the world is how vaine deceitfull transitorie and short it is how wicked and lothsome the works thereof are in the sight of Gods maiestie how he neither regardeth the manaces of the proud men and mightie ones neither despiseth the humblenesse of the poore lowlie which are in the same world finallie I haue seene there what death is how nie hanging ouer all mens heds and yet how vncerteine the time and how vnknowne to all men and how little it is to be feared And should I feare death or be sad therefore Haue I not seene two die before mine eies Yea and within the hearing of mine eares No neither the sprinkling of the bloud nor the sheading thereof nor the bloudie ax it selfe shall make me afraid And now taking my leaue of the same I praie you all to praie for me Come on good fellow quoth he art thou he that must doo the deed I forgiue thee with all my hart then kneeling downe laieng his hed on the blocke he said I will see how meet the blocke is for my necke I praie thee strike not yet for I haue a few praiers to saie and that doone strike on Gods name good leaue thou His praiers ended and desiring ech man to praie for him he laid downe his head againe and so the executioner foorthwith tooke it from him at one stroke On the thrée and twentith of August the quéene deliuered the great seale to doctor Gardiner bishop of Winchester and made him lord chancellor The seauen and twentith of August the seruice began in Latine to be soong in Pauls church in London The six and twentith of August in the euening the notablest ship in England called the great Harrie was burnt at Woolwich by negligence of the mariners she was of burthen a thousand tuns The first of September the quéene demanded a prest of the citie of London of twentie thousand pounds to be repaied againe within fouretéene daies after Michael masse next folowing which sum was leuied of the aldermen and one hundred twentie commoners The fourth of September was proclamed certeine new coins of gold and siluer a souereigne of gold of thirtie shillings the halfe souereigne fiftéene shillings an angell at ten shillings the halfe angell fiue shillings Of siluer the grote halfe grote and pennie all base coines to be currant as before Also the same daie by proclamation was pardoned the subsidie of foure shillings the pound of lands and two shillings eight pence the pound of moouable goods granted in the last parlement of king Edward the sixt Soone after this Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie and late before of king Edwards priuie councell was committed to the tower of London being charged of treason not onelie for giuing aduise to the disheriting of quéene Marie but also for aiding the duke of Northumberland with certeine horsse and men against the queene in the quarrell of the ladie Iane of Suffolke wherein if he were culpable he lacked the prouidence and foresight of after-claps which doctor Parker in the insurrection Ket vsing saued both his life and estimation ¶ On the seuen and twentith of September quéene Marie came to the tower by water accompanied with the ladie Elizabeth hir sister and other ladies before whose arriuall there was shot a great peale of guns The last of September quéene Marie rode through the citie of London towards Westminster sitting in a chariot of cloth of tissue drawne with six line 10 horsses all trapped with the like cloth of tissue She sate in a gowne of purple veluet furred with powdered ermins hauing on hir head a kall of cloth of tinsell béeset with pearle and stone and aboue the same vpon hir head a round circlet of gold béeset so richlie with pretious stones that the value thereof was inestimable the same kall and circle being so massie and ponderous that she was faine to beare vp hir head with hir hand and the canopie was borne ouer hir chariot Before hir rode a number of gentlemen line 20 knights then iudges then doctors then bishops then lords then the councell after whome followed the knights of the Bath in their robes the bishop of Winchester lord chancellor and the marques of Winchester lord high treasuror next came the duke of Norffolke and after him the earle of Oxford who bare the sword before hir the maior of London in a gown of crimsin veluet bare the scepter of gold c. After the quéenes chariot sir Edward Hastings led hir horsse in his hand then came another chariot line 30 hauing a couering of cloth of siluer all white and six horsses trapped with the like therein sate the ladie Elizabeth and the ladie Anne of Cleue then ladies and gentlewomen riding on horsses trapped with red veluet and their gownes and kirtles likewise of red veluet after them folowed two other chariots couered with red sattin and the horsses betrapped with the same and certeine gentlewomen betwéene euerie of the said chariots riding in crimsin sattin their horsses betrapped with the same the number line 40 of the gentlewomen so riding were six and fortie besides them in the chariots At Fanchurch was a costlie pageant made by the Genowaies at Gracechurch corner there was an other pageant made by the Easterlings At the vpper end oâ— Gracesstréet there was
strangers Which brutish beastlie opinion then seemed to me reason and wrought in me such effects that it led me headlong into the practise of this detestable crime of treason But now being better persuaded and vnderstanding the great commoditie honor which the realme should receiue by this marriage I stand firme and fast in this opinion that if it should please the queene to be mercifull vnto me there is no subiect in this land that should more trulie and faithfullie serue hir highnes than I shall nor no sooner die at hir graces féet in defense of hir quarrell I serued hir highnesse against the duke of Northumberland as my lord of Arundell can witnesse My grandfather serued most truelie hir graces grandfather and for his sake was set vpon the racke in the tower My father also serued king Henrie the eight to his good contentation and I also serued him and king Edward his son And in witnesse of my bloud spent in his seruice I carrie a name I alledge not all this to set foorth my seruice by waie of merit which I confesse but dutie but to declare to the whole world that by abusing my wits in pursuing my misaduised opinion I haue not onelie ouerthrowne my house and defaced all the well dooings of me and my ancestors if euer there were anie but also haue béene the cause of mine owne death and destruction Neither doo I alledge this to iustifie my selfe in anie point neither for an excuse of mine offense but most humblie submit my selfe to the queenes maiesties mercie and pitie desiring you my lord of Sussex and you maister Hastings with all the rest of this honorable bench to be meanes to the quéenes highnesse for hir mercie which is the greatest treasure that maie be giuen to anie prince from God such a vertue as God hath appropriate to himselfe Which if hir highnesse vouchsafe to extend vnto me she shall bestow it on him who shall be most glad to serue truelie and not refuse to die in hir quarrell For I protest before the iudge of all iudges I neuer meant hurt against hir highnesse person Then said the quéenes attorneie Maister Wiat you haue great cause to be sorie and repent for your fault whereby you haue not onelie vndoone your selfe and your house but also a number of other gentlemen who being true men might haue serued their prince and countrie yet if you had gone no further it might haue beene borne withall the better But being not so contented to staie your selfe you haue so procured the duke of Suffolke a man soone trained to your purpose and his two brethren also by meanes whereof without the quéenes greater mercie you haue ouerthrowne that noble house And yet not so staied your attempt hath reached as far as in you laie to the second person of the realme in whom next to the quéenes highnesse resteth all our hope and comfort wherby hir honor is brought in question and what danger will folow and to what end it will come God knoweth of all this you are the author Wiat answered As I will not in anie thing iustifie my selfe so I beseech you I being in this wretched estate not to ouercharge me nor to make me séeme to be that I am not I am loth to touch anie person by name but that I haue written I haue written Then said the iudge Maister Wiat maister attornie hath well mooued you to repent your offenses and we for our parts with you the same Then said sir Edward Hastings maister of the quéens horsse Maister Wiat doo ye remember when I and maister Cornwallis were sent vnto you from the quéenes highnesse to demand the cause of your enterprise and what you required Were not these your demands that the quéenes grace should go to the tower and there remaine and you to haue the rule of the tower and hir person with the treasure in kéeping and such of hir councell as you would require to be deliuered into your hands saieng that you would be trusted and not trust Which words when Wiat had confessed then said the quéenes solicitor Your presumption was ouer great your attempt in this case hath purchased you perpetuall infamie and shall be called Wiats rebellion as Wat Tilers was called Wat Tilers rebellion Then said the attorneie Maister Wiat were you not priuie to a deuise whereby the quéene should haue béene murthered in a place where she should walke I doo not burthen you to confesse this for thus much I must saie on your behalfe that you misliked that deuise That deuise said Wiat was the deuise of William Thomas whome euer after I abhorred for line 10 that cause Then was a letter shewed which Wiat being in Southworke had written to the duke of Suffolke that he should méet him at Kingstone bridge and from thense to accompanie him to London although he came with the fewer number Wiat at the first did not séeme to remember anie such letter but when it was shewed him he confessed his hand Then was it demanded of him among other things whie he refused the queenes pardon when it was offered line 20 him My lords quoth he I confesse my fault and offense to be most vile and heinous for the which first I aske God mercie without the which I cannot chalenge anie thing such is my offense alreadie committed And therefore I beséech you to trouble me with no more questions for I haue deliuered all things vnto hir grace in writing And finallie here I must confesse that of all the voiages wherein I haue serued this was the most desperat and painfull iorneie that euer I made And where you asked whie I receiued not the quéenes pardon when it was offered line 30 vnto me Oh vnhappie man What shall I saie When I was entred into this diuellish desperat aduenture there was no waie but wade through with that I had taken in hand for I had thought that other had béene as farre forward as my selfe which I found farre otherwise So that being bent to keepe promise with all my confederats none kept promise with me for I like a moile went through thicke and thin with this determination that if I should come line 40 to anie treatie I should séeme to bewraie all my friends But whereto should I spend anie more words I yéeld my selfe wholie vnto the quéenes mercie knowing well that it is onelie in hir power to make me as I haue deserued an open example to the world with Wat Tiler or else to make me participant of that pitie which she hath extended in as great crimes as mine most humblie beséeching you all to be means for me to hir highnesse for mercie which is line 50 my last and onelie refuge The will of God be doone on me Upon this confession without further triall he receiued the iudgement accustomed in cases of treason which was to be hanged drawne and quartered And the
countenance and words with hartie praiers for hir maiesties prosperous estate and preseruation which no doubt were acceptable to God as by the sequele of things it may certenlie be belieued sith his diuine maiestie hath so directed hir dooings that if euer the common-wealth of this land hath flourished it may rightlie be said that in hir most happie reigne it hath béene most flourishing in peace quietnesse and due administration of iustice mixed with mercifull clemencie so as those which cannot content themselues with the present state of things vnder hir rule no doubt they are such factious creatures as will not rest satisfied with anie kind of gouernement be it neuer so iust and commendable From the which sort of men the Lord deliuer hir roiall maiestie and all hir true and louing subiects and preserue hir in long life to all our comforts and continue hir in such happie procéedings as she hath begun to the end On mondaie the eight and twentith of Nouember about two of the clocke in the afternoone hir line 10 grace remooued againe and taking hir chariot rode from my lord Norths house alongst Barbican and entring by Criplegate into the citie kept along the wall to Bishops gate and so by blanch Chapelton vnto Marke lane At hir entring into blanch Chapleton the artillerie in the tower began to go off continuallie shooting for the space almost of halfe an houre but yet had made an end before hir maiestie was aduanced to Berkin church and so with great ioie and prease of people of whom all the streets were line 20 full as she passed declaring their inward reioisings by gesture words and countenance she entered the tower where she continued till the fift of December being mondaie on the which daie she remooued by water vnto Summerset place in the Strond where she arriued about ten of the clocke in the forenoone the same daie ¶ On thursdaie betwéene two and thrée in the morning the eight of December 1558 in the first yeare of our souereigne ladie quéene Elisabeths reigne died line 30 in the tower of London that honorable man sir Thomas Cheineie knight of the order treasuror of hir maiesties most honorable houshold warden of the cinque ports of hir highnesse priuie councell whose pulses by the report of his surgeon laboured more than thrée quarters of an houre after his death so stronglie as though life had not béene absent from the bodie By the report also of the same surgeon he had the swéetest face of death to behold for one of his yeares that euer he saw and died so quietlie and patientlie line 40 that neither his face mouth eies hands or féet were vncomelie vsed in the changing of this his life For twentie yeares before his departure he kept in his stable continuallie winter and summer twentie great horsse at the least and eight or nine geldings besides sixtéene or seuentéene geldings which were kept at grasse and had in a readinesse furniture for them all to serue in the field and no one of the same horsse or geldings but he was able and readie for anie man at armes to serue vpon Beside this he line 50 kept so bountifull a house and was so liberall and good to his men that well was that noble mans son gentlemans sonne or other that might happen to be preferred into his seruice And againe the number of his seruants to whom he gaue liueries were 205 wherof in houshold were six score besides strangers that were dailie comming and going And his seruants had no iust cause either for lacke of great wages trulie paid them euerie quarter and boordwages line 60 euerie sundaie or plentie of meat and drinke lodging on good featherbeds to liue out of order And such commoditie as might by chance fall within the iurisdiction of his office of wardenrie being a thing fit for his men he neuer turned the same to his owne vse but alwaies gaue it them Whether this realme hath not lost a worthie subiect and speciallie his men a good maister let all men iudge that knew him Before his departure out of this world he seemed to haue a great care for his men thinking least without some prouision for them they would after his death run at randon and liue disorderlie which like a noble man he preuented after this liberall sort as followeth In his last will and testament to some he gaue annuities during life and to others a whole yeares wages after his death but both to the one sort and the other he prouided that all things which he owght them might be paied and also so long as they vsed themselues like honest men and were not reteined in seruice they should haue meat drinke and lodging at his house till his sonne now lord Cheinie came to his lawfull age which was the space of thrée yeares in no lesse or worsse maner than they were woont and accustomed to haue in his life time In his last will he also remembred some of his freends as well those of nobilitie and worship as others some with one gift and some with an other desiring them to assist his executors for the performance of his last will His wit experience courtesie and valiantnesse in seruice was such as king Henrie the eight and his children to wit king Edward the sixt quéene Marie and queene Elisabeth vsed him as one of all their priuie councell and was treasuror of all their honorable housholds during his life He was brought vp in king Henrie the seuenths house was one of his henchmen So that it appeareth before he died he had serued thrée kings and two quéenes His truth was such to all these princes that he euer liued towards them Sine macula seruing in the court thrée score years And although he bare this great saile yet prouided he to paie euerie man iustlie that he owght them His bountifulnesse liberalitie and courtesie to diuerse noble men gentlemen and others attending in the court was such that they were euer glad to haue him there amongst them and his stoutnesse haltie courage was such and so well knowen to the Frenchmen as they both feared and loued him wonderfullie In the end he was so worthie a gentleman and such a necessarie member in the common-wealth as his want cannot but be lamented of all good and true English harts But the almightie must be serued when his good will and pleasure is The thirtéenth of December being tuesdaie the corps of quéene Marie was right honorablie conueied from hir manor of S. Iames vnto the abbeie of Westminster Hir picture was laid on the coffin apparelled in hir roiall robes with a crowne of gold set on the head thereof after a solemne manner In the abbeie was a rich and sumptuous hearse prepared and set vp with wax and richlie decked with penoâ—s baners and scutchions of the armes of England and France vnder which
was the féet to the lame I was a father to the poore and when I knew not the cause I sought it out diligentlie I brake the chawes of the vnrighteous man and plucked the preie out of his téeth Here we find that who soeuer will doo iustice must not onelie doo no wrong but must also with all his might succour and comfort the helplesse and oppressed In this part of iustice there was neuer noble man more forward than this good earle He was the comfortable refuge of all such as were in aduersitie or oppressed by power Of Titus Uespasianus emperor of Rome we read that he answered one of his freends admonishing him to hold his hands and not to make his liberalitie and gentlenesse common to all men saieng that it becommeth not a prince to let anie man part from him with a heauie hart This worthie erle was of like mind for he was so full of humanitie and compassion that he would be loth to let anie distressed part from him without some comfort and ease In so much that in him if euer in anie man this adage Homo homini Deus A man a god to man was as truelie performed as in tyrants the contrarie adage that is Homo homini lupus A man a woolfe to man Wee read in chronicles of emperors kings noble men which for their bountifulnesse gentlenesse affabilitie line 10 and goodnesse deserued some honorable addition to their names as amongst the emperors Antoninus pius Anthonie the vertuous amongst the British kings Elidorus pius Elidor the godlie and amongst noble men in the time of king Richard the second sir Thomas Montacute the good earle of Salisburie and in the time of king Henrie the sixt sir Thomas Beuchampe the good earle of Warwike This noble earle for the verie like qualities hath trulie deserued to be called the good earle the vertuous earle line 20 and the valiant earle of Essex Temperance is the founteine of nobilitie it is a vertue whereby a man obserueth a moderation a reasonable meane in the vse of all things perteining to bodie mind it is the mother of all other vertues without which the rest are blemished and disgraced In the Dutch chronicles that tell of the liues of emperors the first qualitie that is noted is temperat or not temperat as an argument of the rest of his life and dooings for he is thought vnworthie to rule line 30 others that can not rule himselfe This noble earle had a speciall grace and an excellent gift of God in obseruation of this vertue whether you respect diet or the suppression of all vicious affections I haue diuerse times noted in him when vnderstanding was brought vnto him of some Thrasonicall contumelious word spoken by some glorious inferior aduersarie against him he would neuer be stirred to anie perturbation of mind thereby but with graue wisedome and magnanimitie contemne it and smile deriding line 40 the vanitie and waiwardnesse of that cankered stomach that vomited such sowre rotten infection for he did effectuallie consider that it became no better a noble hart to take in receiue wranglings brallings chafings and anger than it is conuenient to dawbe a golden piller with mire and claie Salomon was of that mind and therefore saith Be not thou hastie to be angrie for anger resteth in the bosome of fooles I haue had occasion by that I noted in his lordship to call to remembrance this saieng of line 50 Christ A good man out of the good tresure of his hart bringeth foorth good things the euill man out of the euill treasure of his hart bringeth foorth euill things For though occasion were ministred yet should you neuer heare him vtter anie opprobrious words no not against his aduersarie so pure immaculate did he studie to preserue the nobilitie of his mind There be some that count themselues worthie honor estimation when they teare God in péeces with chafing and horrible oths which this noble earle detested and line 60 abhorred as a matter not onelie vndecent but also repugnant to the nature of true nobilitie attributing due reuerence to the name of the Lord thereby proouing the founteins of his nobilitie to spring out of the hill of the feare of God But what was his religion what faith God had blessed him withall what godlie disposition he was of and how abundantlie God had inriched him with his holie spirit the confession of his faith his spéeches naie rather his sermons in his sickenesse afore his death shall testifie for euer For I receiued by the relation of such as are woorthie credit and were present about him although not all yet manie of his learned godlie saiengs at that time Concerning his saluation he reposed his affiance and sure trust in the bloud of Iesus Christ. He forgaue all the world and by inuincible faith apprehended laied hold and imbrased remission of his sinnes in the merits of the sacrifice of Christs bodie offered vpon the crosse for the sinnes of the world Trentals masses diriges pardons and such other papisticall trifles he vtterlie contemned as wicked and blasphemous against the death and passion of Christ. He fared like the children of Israell in the wildernesse which when they were stinged with serpents euen to death yet when they lookt vp to the brasen serpent they were made whole safe and sound So this noble earle grieued with the remembrance of his former vnthankefull life as he iudged immediatlie directed the eies of his mind to the passion of Christ and foorthwith felt such health of soule that he was filled with ioie in the holie Ghost and all his delight was in meditation of the ioie of the world to come and the fruition of the presence of God for euer insomuch that fiue or six daies before he died he shewed himselfe more like an angell from heauen than a man compassed with flesh and bloud My lord the archbishop of Dublin as I was informed could mooue him in no question or article perteining to saluation that he was not readie in and learnedlie and godlie resolued yea and made such answers in all things that my lord of Dublin had them in great admiration and affirmed that his spéeches at that time should serue him for sermons as long as he liued How trulie he relinquished the vanities of this world and how effectuallie he thirsted after the ioies of the life to come his godlie admonitions ministred vnto such as visited him and his heauenlie lessons exhortations to his seruants shall testifie for euer for they were such that his seruants report they shall neuer forget and such as they shall be the better for whilest they liue Thus haue I brieflie and partlie declared vnto you both the life and death of this worthie magistrate to the end we should consider how seriouslie God dooth call vs to a reckoning by the losse of such a good magistrat
Apollo make thee blush you both in beautie passe O Phebus safe and sound returne which banishing the night Bringst backe the daie in all the world nothing of like delight She onelie she the darkenesse draue of poperie quite awaie And by religion hath restord the bright and lightsome daie O Phebus with thy beams which foilst the clouds both blind blacke The world in maner all a thing of like delight doth lacke A thousand dangers and delaies the papists had deuisd To thend our princesse should abridge hir progresse enterprisd Yet this our bright shining sun cast light through euerie cloud Although in clouds thou art content Apollo oft to shroud Thou seest our sunne in comelie course cuts off ech stop and staie Do thou the like and by thy light driue euerie cloud awaie In shadowing clouds why art thou closd O Phebus bright retire Unspoused Pallas present is O Phebus bright â—etire Hir kingdome all by prouidence queene Iuno doth vphold And of Minerua ladie learnd is learned lore extold And Uenus faire of countenance hath beautie vncontrold These sundrie gifts of goddesses three Elisabeth possesseth By prouidence hir peoples peace and comfort she increaseth Hir learning learning amplifies hir beautie neuer ceaseth I did but ieast of goddesses to giue them three the name This ladie maist thou goddesse call for she deserues the same Although she will not vndertake a title of such fame Matthew Hamont by his trade a ploughwrite of Hetharset three miles from Norwich was conuented before the bishop of Norwich for that he denied Christ our sauiour At the time of his appearance it was obiected that he had published these heresies following That the new testament and gospell of Christ are but méere foolishnesse a storie of man or rather a méere fable Item that man is restored to grace by Gods méere mercie without the meane of Christs bloud death and passion Item that Christ is not God nor the sauiour of the world but a méere man a sinfull man and an abhominable idoll Item that all they that worship him are abhominable idolaters that Christ did not rise againe from death to life by the power of his godhead neither that he ascended into heauen Item that the Holie ghost is not God neither that there is anie such Holie ghost Item that baptisme is not necessarie in the church of God neither the vse of the sacrament of the bodie and bloud of Christ. For the which heresies he was condemned in the consistorie and sentence was pronounced against him by the bishop of Norwich on the thirtéenth daie of Aprill and thervpon deliuered to the shiriffes of Norwich And bicause he spake words of blasphemie not to be recited against the quéenes maiestie and others of hir councell he was by the recorder master sergeant Windham and the maior sir Robert Wood of Norwich condemned to lose both his eares which were cut off on the thirteenth of Maie in the market place of Norwich and afterwards to wit on the twentith of Maie he was burned in the castell dich of Norwich This yeare in the moneth of Maie Marke Scaliot blacke smith citizen of London borne in the parish of saint Clements Daâ—e without Temple bar and now dwelling in Cornehill néere vnto Leaden hall for triall of workemanship made one hanging locke of iron steele and brasse of eleuen seuerall péeces a pipe keie filed three square with a pot vpon the shaft the bow with two esses all cleane wrought which weied but one graine of gold or wheat corne He also at the same time made a chaine of gold of three and fortie linkes to the which chaine the locke and keie being fastened and put about a fleas necke she drew the same with ease All which locke keie chaine and flea weied but one graine and a halfe A thing almost incredible but that my selfe amongst manie others haue séene it therfore must affirme it to be true The first of Iune deceased Robert Horne doctor of diuinitie bishop of Winchester and prelat of the garter at Winchester place in Southworke and was buried at Winchester ¶ This man was learned and eloquent of a round and readie vtterance sound in religion and zelous in the truth in testimonie whereof he chose rather to forsake his natiue soile and to liue a stranger in a forren land than with offense of conscience to tarrie at home within the sight and hearing of the manifold abhominations which supported poperie so that although death haue deuoured his mortall bodie yet in respect of his vertue and godlinesse his name shall be immortall line 10 according to the truth of this sentence Corpore deposito viuit virtute superstes De virtute nihil mors violenta rapit Iohn Wolton now liuing was called to be bishop of Excester consecrated at Lambith by Edmund Grindall archbishop of Canturburie in August 1579. He is a professor of diuinitie and a preacher of the gospell and vniuersallie séene in all good letters This William Wolton being in successiue order the eight and fortith that occupied the line 20 said sée from the first that inioied the same episcopall aduancement ministreth iust occasion to insert a catalog of all the bishops of Excester as they followed one after another in that sée being an apt collection and verie answerable to the description of Excester and the ancient foundation of saint Peters church there mentioned in the third yeare of the reigne of king Edward the sixt page 1007 and continued to page 1028. A catalog of the bishops of Excester collected by Iohn Vowell aliâs Hooker gentleman 1 WErstanus at a prouinciall synod holden in Westsex in the yeare 905 was consecrated bishop of Deuon and had his see at bishops Tauton and in the yeare following 906 he died and was buried in his owne church line 40 2 Putta after the death of Werstanus was elected and consecrated bishop and had his sée at Tauton and taking his iourneie towards Crediton to sée and visit the king or as some saie Uffa the kings lieutenant was by the said Uffas men slaine and then vpon his death the sée was remoued to Crediton 3 Eadulphus brother to Alpsius duke of Deuon and Cornewall and founder of Lanceston was consecrated bishop of Deuon but installed at Crediton line 50 where he had his sée and continued bishop two and twentie yeares and then dieng about the yeare 932 he was buried in his owne church 4 Ethelgarus in the yeare 932 succeeded Eadulphus and in his time king Athelstane subdued the Cornish people reedified this citie and compassed the same with a stone wall he founded the monasterie of saint Peters for monks of saint Benets order This Ethelgarus after he had béene bishop ten yeares died and was buried in his owne line 60 church 5 Algarus in the yeare 942 after Ethelgarus was constituted installed bishop at Crediton and hauing béene bishop
high treason by the Iurie On fridaie being the first of December Edmund line 30 Campion Iesuit Ralfe Sherwin Alexander Brian seminarie priests being condemned for high treason against hir maiesties most roiall person as also for traitorous practises touching the subuersion of the true vndoubted religion here mainteined with the vtter ruine and ouerthrow of this realme of England were drawne from the Tower of London on hurdles to the place of execution appointed garded with such a sufficient companie as might expresse the honor of iustice the larger in line 40 that behalfe Being come to the place of execution where diuerse of hir maiesties honorable councell with manie honorable personages and gentlemen of worship and good account beside a multitude of people not here to be remembred attended their comming Edmund Campion was first brought vp into the cart where after the great rumor of so manie people somewhat appeased he spake thus First he began the people then present expecting his confession with a phrase or two in Latine line 50 when immediatlie after he fell into English in this maner I am here brought as a spectacle before the face of God of angelles and of men satisfieng my selfe to die as becommeth a true christian catholike man As for the treasons that haue béene laid to my charge and I am come here to suffer for I desire you all to beare witnesse with me that thereof I am altogither innocent Wherevpon answer was made to him by one of the councell that he might line 60 not seeme to denie th'obiections against him hauing béene prooued so manifestlie to his face both by sufficient witnesse and euidence Well my lord quoth he I am a catholike man and a priest in that faith haue I liued hitherto and in that faith I doo intend to die and if you esteeme my religion treason then of force I must grant vnto you as for anie other treason I will not consent vnto Then was he mooued as concerning his traitorous and hainous offense to the quéenes most excellent maiestie Whereto he answered She is my lawfull princesse and quéene There somwhat he drew in his words to himselfe whereby was gathered that somwhat he would haue gladlie spoken but the great timiditie and vnstable opinion of his conscience wherein he was all the time euen to the death would not suffer him to vtter it Here is with iudgement a deepe point and high matter to be considered that this man alwaies directing the course of his life to a vaineglorious imagination and alwaies couetous to make himselfe famous at this instant made a perfect discouerie of himselfe For being somewhat learned all matters whatsoeuer as you haue heard before he bare awaie with a maiesticall countenance the visor of vanitie aptlie fitting the face of onelie hypocrisie what was sound he would make sophisticall what was the infallible truth of it selfe he would carrie in his owne conceipt and delude the people with a pleasant quirke or some such stuffe onlie to purchase him credit and affection And he was not to learne to set a coragious countenance on euerie such slight reason whereby he peruerted manie deceiued more and was thought such a champion as the pope neuer had the like But now behold the man whom neither racke nor rope should alter whose 〈◊〉 was such as he boasted inuincible feare had caught hold on this braue boaster and terror entred his thoughts whereby was discouered his impudent dissimulations Now let it with patience be mooued a little that the outward protestations of this man vrged some there present to teares not entring into conceipt of his inward hypocrisie to make a plausible definition of this perillous deceiuer not by coniecture but by proofe it shall be thus answered Edmund Campion as it is by men of sufficient credit reported at what time he spent his studie here in England both in the hospitall and also at the vniuersitie of Oxford was alwaies addicted to a maruellous suppose in himselfe of ripe iudgement prompt audacitie and cunning conueiance in his schoole points wherethrough he fell into a proud and vaineglorious iudgement practising to be eloquent in phrase and so fine in his quirks and fantasticall coniectures that the ignorant he woon by his smooth deuises some other affecting his pleasant imaginations he charmed with subtiltie and choked with sophistrie The learned who beheld his practises and peremptorie order of life pitieng his follie and wishing him a more staied determination lothed his maners yet loued the man bicause christian charitie willed them so to doo Now this glorious Thraso hauing by his libels made himselfe famous and vnder shew and suppose of great learning though indeed being approoued found verie simple to the speeches giuen of him subdued manie to affect him verie much when he was taken he knew it stood him vpon not to loose the credit openlie he had woone secretlie Wherefore in his former ridiculous maner both in prison at his arreignment yea and at his death he continued the same in all points which the foulnesse of his treasons blemished euerie waie Now indéed as our English nation is both louing and pitifull so manie seeing the gifts of God so well bestowed on the man and by him applied to so great abuse through naturall kindnesse bemoned his case wishing he had not fallen into so traitorous a cause Then was mooued to him againe his treasons and hainous offenses against the quéenes maiestie which impudentlie he still denied séeming to vtter words on the behalfe of one Richardson one likewise of the condemned traitors taking on his conscience that it was not be Which hath bin prooued to the contrarie for that it is knowne how this Richardson is he who distributed Campions libels and bookes abrode and when he was put to his oth whether it was he or no he refused to sweare on his behalfe And because the world might be fullie resolued that notwithsâ—anding all the pretended colourable meanes be could vse for his excuse and innocencie he was to suffer death deseruedlie as a traitor c. There was read to his face in the hearing of the assemblie a pamphlet published by authoritie as followeth An aduertisement and defense for truth against hir backebiters and speciallie against the whispering fauourers and colourers of Campâ—nâ— and the rest of his confederats line 10 treasons ALthough at the late arreignements at Westminster of Edmund Campion other his complices condemned there of sundrie high tresons it was manifestlie declared and fullie prooued how they all vnder pretense of the names of Iesuits seminarie priests other persons of like condition had secretlie come into this realme by sending of sundrie persons authorised line 20 by the pope to mooue the people by their secret persuasions to change their professions in the matter of religion of long time quietlie established in this realme and to be reconciled to the obedience of the pope and
Holieghost that sanctified him and according to the saieng of S. Augustine desired Iesus that he would be to him Iesus as much to saie as his sauiour and redéemer He likewise confessed himselfe a catholike man and a préest intending to die in that faith But when the treasons were mooued to him he likewise did make deniall thereof line 20 He asked the quéenes maiestie forgiuenesse and desired that she might long liue and reigne ouer vs. Then was read to him the booke of the aduertisement which before had beene read to Campion and after a few praiers he likewise ended his life Alexander Brian séemed more obstinate and impious vsing verie little signe of repenâ—ance and hartie humilitie he vsed manie praiers to himselfe and spake verie little worthie the rehearsall Iustice being executed on him he and Sherwin were quartered according line 30 as Campion had beene before them ¶ No sooner had iustice giuen the blow of execution and cut off the foresaid offendors from the earth but certeine enimies to the state politike and ecclesiastike greatlie fauouring them and their cause which they falslie gaue out to be religion dispersed abroad their libels of most impudent deuise tending to the iustifieng of the malefactors innocencie to the heinous and vnrecompensable defamation of the course of iustice and iudgement against them commensed line 40 and finished in somuch that speaking of the daie whereon they died they blushed not to intitle them martyrs saieng among other things not publishable as in these few verses extracted followeth Vna dies viuos pariter caesósque videbat In coelum missos vidit vna dies AeternÃsque breui gaudent pro morte coronis Haec sunt martyribus dona parata pijs Foelix illa dies mensis fuit illa Decembris Martyrijs donans coelica regna tribus line 50 Foelix quae sanctum suscepit terra cruorem Quem caecata odij fuderat ira tui Supremúmque manens foelix constantia finem Atque in conspectu mors pretiosa Dei c. Thus slanderouslie against the administration of iustice scattered these vipers brood their lieng reports therein to the skies aduancing the children of iniquitie as spotlesse yea forging most monstruous fables put them in print as though God and nature had suffered violence to their vnappeaseable indignation line 60 for that men of such integritie forsooth and extraordinarilie sanctified suffered to shamefull a death in somuch that it was bruted abroad not by men but brute beasts that on the selfe same daie wheron Campion was executed the riuer of Thams did neither eb nor flow but stood still O miracle Whether this were a lie or not as all the world may sweare it was no truth this is certeine and vndoubted that there was found a facultie about Campion a litle before his death wherein authoritie was giuen him from the bishop of Rome Gregorie the thirtéenth to execute the sentence of the bull published by Pius Quintus against all the quéens maiesties subiects as heretiks c and yet this man forsooth albeit notorious died not for treason but for religion as with fowle mouths they are not ashamed to saie Relligio crimen non mala vita fuit But of this matter inough now to the processe of English accidents after this tragicall narration When the quéene of England and the monsieur euen duke of Aniou vnderstood by report made to hir maiestie and his highnesse by monsieur de Pruneaux who had béene sent ouer a litle before from the duke to the prince of Orange and had prosecuted the treatie the former yeares as his ordinarie ambassador what good will and great longing he had found in the prince of Orange who was come into the I le of Walkeren with a great number of gentlemen and with the deputies of the states and of the chiefest of the best cities of the low countrie to receiue his highnesse and to doo him most humble seruice and when they had also heard the ambassage of the lords of Ohain Iunius sent from the lords of the state to the duke to shew vnto him the excéeding great desire which all the people had to sée his highnes for the present ratifieng of the former couenants that had passed betwixt them for accomplishing whereof it was néedfull that he should passe ouer with all spéed whereby the same thing was confirmed which had béene declared oft afore by the lord of mount saint Aldegond ordinarie ambassador to hir maiestie and his hignes vpon the intelligence of these things it was resolued by hir maiestie his highnes that the monsieur should depart Wherevpon the quéene calling the lord Howard commanded him for the earle of Lincolne was then sicke to take vpon him the charge of the admerals ship and to go to Rochester and there to choose vessels méet for transporting of the monsieur his traine to furnish them with men of war mariners and all manner of necessaries as well of war as of vittels Which thing was doone with such diligence and speed that the ships being readie with all things in lesse than eight daies passed out of the riuer of Rochester and the Thames and were conueied to the downes néere to the towne of Sandwich where the monsieur was to take shipping And for so much as the monsieur came into England accompanied but with a few princes and lords they also had left their traine in France some of the same lords were sent backe againe afterward by his commandement and for his seruice the quéene determined to giue him a companie traine méet for his greatnesse taking his iournie about so great noble exploit And therfore as agréeing with hir highnesse hart she commanded the earle of Leicester master of hir horsses the lord of Hunsdon gouernour of Berwike hir maiesties néere kinsman cuius fuerat matertera pulchra Reginae genetrix Henrici nobilis vxor and the lord Howard the viceadmerall of whom the first two were of hir priuie councell and all thrée were knights of the order of the garter to attend vpon him and to assemble as great a number of English lords and gentlemen as could be gotten in so litle time to honour him withall wherevnto the said lords obeied verie willinglie And there went with them to accompanie them the lord Willoughbie the lord Windsore the lord Sheffield the lord Howard the lord Awdleie second sonne to the late duke of Norffolke master Philip Sidneie nephue to the forenamed erle of Leicester sir George Careie and master Iohn Robert Careie all thrée sonnes of the said lord of Hunsdon master William Howard brother of the said lord Howard sir Thomas Sherleie sir Thomas Perot sir William Russell sir William Drurie sir George Bowser knights and a great number of gentlemen namelie master Henrie Windsore brother to the lord Windsore master Iohn Borough brother to the lord Borough master Walter Ralegh master George Carew
10 them as they should not be disappointed of the hope which they had conceiued of his gouernement which he would fashion out after the paterne of his predecessors and great vncles who had gouerned these countries so happilie And he thanked them for their good will loue praieng them to continue the same and promising to take them into his protection togither with the rest of the people in generall that as he had heretofore a singular regard of learned men so would he be willing to continue the same line 20 hereafter After this maner began this great prince to gouerne that people with great authoritie and modestie and the people to yéeld vnto him verie willing and honorable obedience and all men hope both generallie and particularlie that God will giue him the grace so to hold on in that so holie and commendable gouernement as that by his example he shall shew to all princes and to all others that come after him how greatlie the iust and lawfull gouernement line 30 auaileth and that the people on their side shall shew what maner of obedience loue and constancie is due to good princes in which vertues there was neuer yet anie people that could skill to surmount them neither shall anie hereafter by the helpe of the great God and euerlasting father of our sauiour Iesus Christ to whome with the vnitie of the holie spirit be all glorie for euer and euer Amen Iohn Paine priest being indicted of high treason line 40 for words by him spoken was arreigned and condemned at Chelmsford on the last daie of March and was there executed on the second daie of Aprill according to the qualitie of his offense and as law had awarded In the moneth of Maie namelie on the fifteenth daie at night about ten of the clocke a blasing starre appeared descending in the northwest the beard whereof streamed into the southeast On mondaie being the eight twentith of Maie line 50 Thomas Foord Iohn Shert and Robert Iohnson priests hauing beene before indicted arreigned and as well by their owne testimonie as also sufficient witnesses produced to their faces found giltie and condemned for high treason intended practised and appointed against hir maiesties most roiall person as also for the vtter ruine ouerthrow and subuersion of hir peaceable and well gouerned realme themselues being sent as instruments to deale for and in the behalfe of the pope in this disloiall and traitorous cause according as iustice had before determined line 60 were drawne vpon hurdles from the Tower of London to the place appointed for execution hauing béen so long time spared by hir maiesties most roiall and princelie regard of mercie to trie if either the feare of God would take place in them consideration and respect of their owne duties mooue them or the meere loue and accustomed clemencie of hir maiestie might win them to acknowledge hir to be their lawfull souereigne and themselues hir subiects bound to serue hir notwithstanding any pretense or authoritie to the contrarie not for matter of their popish superstition All this notwithstanding they remained giuen ouer to their owne wickednes and swallowed vp in the gulfe of their vndutifull affection which caused iustice to step before mercie committing them to the reward of their lewd and vnnaturall dealing All the waie as they were drawne they were accompanied with diuers zealous and godlie men who in mild louing spéeches made knowne vnto them how iustlie God repaieth the reprobat how fatherlie againe he receiueth the obedient how he ouerthroweth the vngodlie in their owne deuises and protecteth his chosen in all stormes and afflictions In remembrance of all these to bethinke themselues of their wickednesses passed and to shew such hartie and zealous repentance for the same that albeit they had so gréeuouslie trespassed yet in contrite and humble sorrowing they might be gratiouslie receiued into his heauenlie fauour whome they had mooued and stirred by their vnreuerent regard to smite and chasten with the rod of his furie Among which godlie persuasions maister shiriffe himselfe both learnedlie and ernestlie labored vnto them moouing all good occasions he might deuise to change the obstinacie he perceiued in them into a christianlike humilitie and repentance but these good indeuors tooke no wished effect their owne euill disposition so blinded them that there was no waie for grace to enter When they were come beyond saint Giles in the field there approched vnto the hurdle one of their owne sect and a priest as himselfe had confessed who in this maner spake vnto the prisoners O gentlemen be ioifull in the bloud of Iesus Christ for this is the daie of your triumph and ioie Being asked whie he vsed such words he said vnto the prisoners againe I pronounce vnto you yea I pronounce a full remission and pardon vnto your soules Using these and other traitorous spéeches hold was laid on him When as maister shiriffe demanded what he was he answered He was the voice of a crier in the wildernesse and that he was sent to prepare the Lords waie And notwithstanding such meanes of resistance as himselfe vsed he was deliuered vnto Thomas Norris purseuant who brought him vnto Newgate where he confessed vnto him that he was a priest and that he had so long dissembled as he would now leaue off and doo so no more Being come to the place of execution Thomas Foord was first brought vp into the cart when as he began in this maner Whereas I am come hither to die for matters laid vnto my charge of treason which should be conspired against the queene within these two yeares or somewhat more I giue you to vnderstand that of anie such matter I am innocent frée for that I can prooue my comming into England to be fiue yeares since Wherevpon maister shiriffe spake vnto him and said Foord haue mind on God and aske him and hir maiestie heartilie forgiuenesse whome thou hast so highlie offended thou doost but delude the people for it is manifestlie knowen how thou art guiltie of the matters laid to thy charge here be thine owne answers to shew affirmed vnder thine owne hand and other witnesses to reprooue thee Wherevpon I my selfe was called foorth who iustified the causes to his face that at his arreignement was laid to his charge and he euidentlie and plainelie found guiltie thereof Then were his answers whereto he had subscribed read vnto him which is in the booke latelie set foorth by authoritie Wherevpon he tooke occasion to tell a long circumstance of a certeine question mooued at Oxford as concerning taking armes against hir maiestie which horrible treason he séemed to approoue thereby Then maister shiriffe willed him to aske hir maiestie forgiuenesse offering him to stand his friend in atteining hir graces mercie if he would change his former traitorous mind to become a true and faithfull subiect acknowledging hir to be his lawfull souereigne ladie
of surgerie as of medicines for surgians to vse And the seuenth yeare to begin againe and continue still A godlie and charitable erection doubtlesse such as was the more néedfull as hitherto hath beene the want and lacke so hurtfull sith that onelie in ech vniuersities by the foundation of the ordinarie and publike lessons there is one of physicke but none of surgerie and this onelie of surgerie and not of physicke I meane so as physicke is now taken separatelie from surgerie and that part which onelie vseth the hand as it is sorted from the apothecarie So that now England may reioise for those happie benefactors singular welwillers to their countrie who furnish hir so in all respects that now she may as compare for the knowledge of physicke so by means to come to it with France Italie and Spaine and in no case behind them but for a lecture in simples which God at his pleasure may procure in moouing some hereafter in like motion and instinct to be as carefull and beneficiall as these were to the helpe and furtherance of their countrie ¶ At the publication of this foundation which was celebrated with a goodlie assemblie of doctors collegiats and licentiats as also some masters of surgerie with other students some whereof had beene academicall doctor Caldwell so aged that his number of yéeres with his white head adding double reuerence to his person whereof I may well saie no lesse than is left written of a doctor of the same facultie verie famous while he liued Conspicienda aetas sed ars prouectior annis Famáque Paeonio non renuenda choro euen he notwithstanding his age and impotencie made an oration in Latine to the auditorie the same by occasion of his manifold debilities vnfinished at the direction speciallie of the president who after a few words shortlie and swéetlie vttered gaue occasion and opportunitie to D. Forster then and yet the appointed lecturer to deliuer his matter which he discharged in such methodicall maner that ech one present indued with iudgement conceiued such hope of the doctor touching the performance of all actions incident vnto him by that place as some of them continued his auditors in all weathers and still hold out whose diligence he requiteth with the imparting of further knowledge than the said publike lecture dooth affoord When the assemblie was dissolued and the founder accompanied home diligent care was taken for the due preferring of this established exercise insomuch that D. Caldwell and D. Forster to furnish the auditors with such bookes as he was to read caused to be printed the epitome of Horatius Morus first in Latine then in English which was translated by the said doctor Caldwell But before it was halfe perfected the good old doctor fell sicke and as a candle goeth out of it selfe or a ripe apple falling from the trée so departed he out of this world at the doctors commons where his vsuall lodging was was verie worshipfullie buried But of his death hereafter in the yeare 1584 where the daie of his decease being mentioned matter worth the reading shall be remembred Francis of Ualois the kings onlie brother duke of Louthier Brabant Limbourgh Gelders Aniou Alanson c earle of Flanders Holland Zeland c marquesse of the sacred empire lord of Friseland c hauing now indifferentlie well with his good successes hâ—d in the vittelling and remoouing the séeges of Cambreie and Lothem and winning the townes of Alaft and Endonan gotten the harts of the people and by that meanes placed his Frenchmen in Dunkirke Winexburgh Dixmide Dexmond Uilnoâ—d and other places thought now vsing yoong euill counsell to make himselfe a more absolute prince as though it were too base a thing for his highnesse to rule with the aduise of the estates of the countries Wherfore hauing come to him out line 10 of France the marshall Biron with great troops of Swissers and Frenchmen he now causeth them all at one time to wit on the seuenth of Ianuarie to inuade so manie townes as they could make themselues maisters of which with them tooke effect in the aboue named townes but at Bridges they were put out And at Antwerpe on the said seuenth daie vnder the pretense to muster his armie without the towne vpon the verie noone time of the daie when the citizens were at dinner he causeth two gates as line 20 vncerteine by which he would go to be opened for him and the chaines ouerthwart the stréets to be vnchained which for some suspicion had of the Frenchmen without were locked then he issued out with all his court and a great number of gentlemen verie braue mounted on great horsses aboue two hundred manie of them being secretlie armed vnder their garments and comming to saint Iames gate At the bridge without met him certeine of his companies of horssemen and footmen who staied themselues line 30 on both sides the waie making as it were a lane for the duke to passe by with a few of his who being past them made a token to them with his cap to inuade the citie wherevpon his men killed the watch with the coronell Uierendell that stood bare headed to sée their prince passe Then entred the gate seuenteene ensignes of footmen and foure coronels of horssemen the Swissers following the duke crieng to them March march La ville est gagnee mais me pillon point Being thus stronglie entred they line 40 cried Ville gagnee viue la messe and tooke in on both sides the bulworks turned the ordinance towards the citie came by diuers stréets almost to the midst of the citie The citizens at dinner hearing the alarum verie furiouslie issued out with such weapons as first came to their hands and set vpon them first by the bylanes other some chained vp the streets and so barred them from going anie further They turne all against the soldiors that were entred the citie with most violent shot In the meane space the line 50 citizens néere and about the gate with their harquebussers bestow their small shot as thicke as haile out of windowes vpon the gate where first they killed a horsse and then diuers men entring which troubled the other following that a great number was euen in the verie gate killed and so heaped one vpon another that the gate was stopped wherby all that were entred within the citie in lesse than in one houres space were killed or taken prisoners Wherein the citizens behaued themselues so valiantlie so manlie line 60 that manie for lacke of leaden pellets tooke their monie out of their purses bowed it with their teeth and put it in stead of pellets in their harquebussers Sic sese sobolem charam cum vxore mariti Defendunt Gallis ne praeda voracibus essent In this skirmish of so litle space were slaine aboue 1530 Frenchmen horssemen and footmen told at the burieng and more than two thousand prisoners taken
countrie in the minoritie of the yoong king there haue risen some inward troubles which for the most part we haue in fauor of the king and his gouernors vsed meanes to pacifie so as at this daie such is the quietnesse in line 60 Scotland as the king our deare brother cousine by name Iames the sixt a prince of great hope for manie good princelie respects reigneth there in honor and loue of his people and in verie good and perfect amitie with vs and our countrie And so our actions at that time came to so good successe by the goodnesse of God as both our owne realme and that of Scotland hath euer since remained in better amitie and peace than can be remembred these manie hundred yeares before and yet nothing hereby doone by vs nor anie cause iustlie giuen but that also the French kings that haue since succéeded which haue béene thrée in number and all brethren haue made and concluded diuerse treaties for good peace with vs which presentlie continue in force on both parties notwithstanding our foresaid actions attempted for remoouing out of Scotland of the said French forces so transported by the onelie direction of the house of Guise And therefore to conclude for the declaration of our present intention at this time we hope it shall of all persons abroad be well interpreted as we know it will be of such as are not led by parcialitie that vpon the often and continuall lamentable requests made to vs by the vniuersall states of the countries of Holland Zeland Guelders and other prouinces with them vnited being desperat of the king of Spaines fauours for our succours to be yéelded to them onelie for their defense against the Spaniards and other strangers and therewith finding manifestlie by our often and importunat requests and aduises giuen to the king of Spaine no hope of reliefe of these their miseries but rather an increase thereof by dailie conquests of their townes and slaughter of their people though in verie truth we cannot impute the increase of anie late cruelties to the person of him that now hath the title of generall gouernor shewing his naturall disposition more inclinable to mercie and clemencie than it seemeth he can direct the hearts of the Spaniards vnder him that haue béene so long trained in shedding of bloud vnder the former Spanish gouernors and ioining therevnto our owne danger at hand by the ouerthrow and destruction of our neighbours and accesse and planting of the great forces of the Spaniards so néere to our countries with precedent arguments of manie troublesome attempts against our realme we did therefore by good aduise and after long deliberation determine to send certeine companies of souldiors to aid the naturall people of those countries onelie to defend them and their townes from sacking and desolation thereby to procure them safetie to the honor of God whome they desire to serue sincerelie as christian people according to his holie word and to inioie their ancient liberties for them and their posteritie and so consequentlie to preserue and continue the lawfull and ancient commerce betwixt our people and those countries and ours And so we hope our intention herein and our subsequent actions will be by Gods fauour both honorablie interpreted of all persons sauing of the oppressors themselues and their partizans in that we meane not hereby either for ambition or malice the two roots of all iniustice to make anie particular profit hereof to our selfe or to our people onelie desiring at this time to obteine by Gods fauour for the countries a deliuerance of them from warre by the Spaniards and forraines a restitution of their ancient liberties and gouernement by some christian peace and thereby a suertie for our selues and our realme to be frée from inuading neighbors and our people to inioie in those countries their lawfull commerce and intercourse of friendship merchandize according to the ancient vsage and treatâ—ies of intercourse made betwixt our progenitors and the lords and earles of those countries and betwixt our people and the people of those countries And though our further intention also is or maie be to take into our gard some few townes vpon the sea side next opposite to our realme which otherwise might be in danger to be taken by the strangers enimies of the countrie yet therein considering we haue no meaning at this time to take and reteine the same to our owne proper vse we hope that all persons will thinke it agreeable with good reason and princelie policie that we should haue the gard and vse of some such places for sure accesse and recesse of our people and souldiors in safetie and for furniture of them with vittels and other things requisit and necessarie whilest it shall be néedfull for them to continue in those countries for the aiding thereof in these their great calamities miseries and imminent danger and vntill the countries may be deliuered of such strange forces as doo now oppresse them and recouer their ancient lawfull liberties and maner of gouernement to liue in peace as they haue heretofore doone and doo now most earnestlie line 10 in lamentable manner desire to doo which are the verie onelie true ends of all our actions now intended howsoeuer malicious toongs maie vtter their cankred conceits to the contrarie as at this daie the world aboundeth with such blasphemous reports in writings and infamous libels as in no age the diuell hath more abounded with notable spirits replenished with all wickednesse to vtter his rage against professors of christian religion But thereof we leaue the reuenge to God the searcher of hearts line 20 hoping that he beholding the sinceritie of our heart will grant good successe to our intentions whereby a christian peace may insue to his diuine honor and comfort to all them that loue peace trulie and will séeke it sincerelie An addition to the declaration touching the slanders published of hir maiestie AFter we had finished our declaration there came to our hands a pamphlet written in Italian printed at Milan intituled Nuouo aduiso directed to the archbishop of Milan conteining a report of the expugnation of Antwerp by the prince of Parma by the which we found our selfe most maliciouslie charged with two notable crimes no lesse hatefull to the world than most repugnant and contrarie to our owne naturall inclinâ—â—ion line 40 The one with ingratitude towards the king of Spaine who as the author saith saued our life being iustlie by sentence adiudged to death in our sisters time the other that there were some persons procured to be corrupted with great promises and that with our intelligence as the reporter addeth in a parenthesis in these words as it was said that the life of the prince of Parma should be taken awaie And for the better proouing and countenancing of this horrible lie it is further added in line 50 the said pamphlet that it pleased the Lord God to discouer this and
the marquesship of the sacred empire c 1336 all His posie strange habillements the order of his entring into Antwerpe 1337 a 10 c. Saileth towards Antwerpe landeth at a village in Brabant a theater erected for him kissing of his hand his chaire of estate obeisance done to him 1334 all The states loialtie vnto him his answere vnto an oration made in their behalf his promise euen to the shedding of his bloud he is content to sweare to articles agâ—éed vpon 1335 b 10 c. Keies of Antwerpe presented to him a canopie caried ouer his head 1338 a 10 60. Readie to take his oth of the magistrats and people it is read in French he casteth largesse of gold siluer among the people 1342 a 10 c. The manner of his disease 1351 a 10. His resolutenes to die 50. Great hope conceiued of him if he had not béene preuented with death b 20. Falleth into an extremitie of his maladie and past recouerie 40. His words vpon his death bed 1352 a 10 30. His departure out of this world like a lampe whose light faileth for want of oile 30. His death gréeuouslie lamented 50 60 1353 a 10 Duke Alphonse of Calabrie made knight of the garter 775 b 20 Duke Arthur of Britaine made knight 160 a 10. His mistrust in his vncle king Iohn 160 b 60. Dooth homage to K. Iohn 162 a 20. Proclameth himselfe earle of Aniou c 164 b 10. Taken prisoner 164 b 60. His mother accuseth K. Iohn for the murther of hir sonne 166 a 10 20. Committed to streict prison 165 a 50. His death verie lamentable 165 b all Duke of Aumarle constable of England 495 b 50. Accused 512 a 10. His answere vnto Bagots bill he is appealed of treason chalengeth triall with the lord Fitzwater 512 a 10 c. Duke of Austrich whie he bore king Richard no goodwill 136 a 10. Threatneth the English hostages with losse of life 147 a 40. He catcheth a fall beside his horsse dieth of the hurt a 60 Duke Beauford of Summerset son vnto him that was slaine 645 a 10. Conan of Britaine deceasseth 75 a 10. Geffreie of Britaine his homage 75 b 60. Guildebald of Urbin in Italie made knight of the garter 795 b 10. Iohn the second Philip the second aduancers of the state 1343 a 30. Philip of Burgognie surnamed the Hardie 1343. Siward ¶ Sée Siward William of Aquitaine his feined fréendship 67 b 20. William of Normandie his politike conquest of England 1 a 10. ¶ Sée William Duke of Bauier commeth to K. Henrie the fift with a number of horsemen 577 a 50. He his troope departeth with king Henrie the fifts fauor 578 b 10 Duke of Bedford against the lord Louell in armes 764 b 10. Regent of England 558 b 10. Calleth a parlement 581 a 60. He rescueth Cosnie 582 b 60. Giueth the French a great ouerthrow by sea 557 a 40. Returneth into France 596 a 60. His endeuors in France where he was regent 585 a 40 b 20 c. His decease note 612 a 50 Duke of Britaine pretendeth a right to the earledome of Westmerland 513 b 60. Sendeth ambassadors to Henrie the fift 582 b 60. His loue to the erle of Richmond and care of his safetie 748 b 20. In armes against the French K. 767 a 10 c 768 a 10 c. The battell is tried he dieth a 60. Restored to his dukedome 422 b 20. A fréend to the Englishmen 444 a 60. His dissimulation he the French K. accorded 427 b 50 60. Commeth ouer into Britaine 408 a 40. Deceaseth 367 b 40 Duke of Buckingham highlie commended 737 b 40. Rich arraie 801 a 10. Enuied hated of cardinall Woolseie 855 b 10 c. Means to wind him out of Henrie the eights fauor 855 b 40 40 60. Bils of complaints exhibited to him he depriueth Kneuet of his office 856 a 10. He his companie ioine with Henrie the seuenth against Perkin Warbecke 784 a 50. His words to Q. Elisabeth 717 b 40. His oration to the maior aldermen and commons at Guildhall 728 a 60 c. He Glocester fall out and whie 376 a 30. They mistrust one an other 736 a 50. Conspired against Richard the third he is a professed enimie to him his power of wild Welshmen false-harted doo faile him a great water his vndooing his adherents their power dispersed 743 a 30 50 b 10 30 60. The principall cause whie he conceiued such inward grudge against duke Richard the third 739 b 20. His imaginations to depriue Richard the third 739 b 40 60. Rewards promised by proclamation for the attaching of him betraied of his owne seruant beheaded without arreignment or iudgement 744 a 20 50 b 10. Conuinced with others to worke mischief 715 a 30. His resolution noâ— to meddle in séeking to obteine the crowne but by deposing Richard the third to prefer the earle of Richmond thereto the summe of his purpose 740 a 60 b 40 60. Is sent to the duke of Yorke to know the cause of his being in armes 643 a 40. Destruction deuised and practised 862 b 50 60. He is accused indicted of treason 863 a 10 c 864 a 10 c. Areigned at Westminster conuinced of hie treason iudgement giuen vpon him beheaded on Towre hill the last lord high constable of England 865 a 20 40. ¶ Sée Duke of Glocester Duke of Burbons practises to make the Englishmen reuolt from their owne king 517 b 50. Incampeth néere Rone slaine at the assalt 895 b 30 60. Dieth at London 610 a 40 Duke of Burgognie chiefe dooer in France 560 b 40. Prepareth to besiege Calis 528 b 40. Enuieth the glorie of the English 616 b 10. His oth to Henrie the fift 572 b 40. Prepareth an armie against Calis 613 b 40. His armie of 40000 men b 60. Besiegeth it his enterprise to bâ—r the hauen his bastile taken he breaketh vp his siege flieth 614 all He Charles of France at peace and what mischiefe insued it 611 a 50 60 612 a 10 c. Commeth to king Edward the fourth 695 a 20. He departeth suddenlie to the kings discontentment a 60 b 10. Departeth from Edward the fourth in a rage 698 a 30. Commeth in hast to Edward the fourth 697 a 50. His behauiour and spéech a 60 b 10 c. Sendeth ambassadors to Calis 678 a 60. He inuadeth Edward the fourth c 678 b 60 679 a 10. Deceaseth 690 a 60 702 b 20. Murthered 571 a 60 Dukes of Burgognie issued out of the house of France 1342 b 60 1343 a 10 c. Duke of Clarence lord Lionell 395 b 50. Sent to aid the duke of Orleance 539 b 60. Marcheth towards Guisnes 540 a 20. Made a rode into Aniou 579 b 60. He is betraied by Ferguse a Lombard 580 a 10. He and diuerse nobles slaine a 20 30. Before Paris with his armie 570 b 20. Séeketh to make peace betwéene Edward the