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A65095 A pleasant and compendious history of the first inventers and instituters of the most famous arts, misteries, laws, customs and manners in the whole world together with many other rarities and remarkable things rarely known, and never before made publick : to which is added, several curious inventions, peculierly attributed to England & English-men, the whole work alphabetically digested and very helpful to the readers of history.; De rerum inventoribus. English Vergil, Polydore, 1470?-1555.; Langley, Thomas, d. 1581. 1686 (1686) Wing V598; ESTC R21854 60,337 192

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first to play on them Pan found out the Pipe of small Reed to delight and please his Mistress Syrinx Timarias was the first that playd on the Harp and Lute with Ditties and Amphion was the first that sung to the Lute The Troglodites a People of Aethiopia were the first that found out the Dulcimer Pises a Tyrrhen or Tuscan found out the brazen Trumpet and the Tuscans were the first that used it in War Others say that it was Dyrcaeus an Athenian who taught it the Lacedemonians who maintaining a long War against the Messenians had this answer from the Oracle of Appollo that if they would win the field they must have a Captain of Athens The Athenians in despight sent them Dyrcaeus a lame fellow with one eye who notwithstanding did receive him and made use of his Counsel who taught them to play on Trumpets which were so dreadful to the Messenians because of the strangness of the noise that they fled and so the Lacedemonians became immediately Victorious The Arcadians were the first that brought Musical Instruments into Italy and some do write that the Lacedemonians in War did use Clarions Shalms Rebecks to the intent that when they were ready to sight they might be kept in better order Halyalies King of the Lydians had in the battell against the Milesians Pipers and Fidlers playing together the Cretians when they went to War had Lutes going before them to Moderate their pace Magick took its beginning from Phisick and was the invention of Zoroastes King of the Bacthrians who raigned eight hundred years after the Seige of Troy The same time that Abraham and Ninus raigned about three Thousand one Hundred Fourscore and five Years after the Creation of the World Lactantius and Eusebius think it was set forth amongst other divelish Sciences by the evil Spirits and Pliny calleth it of all the Arts the most deceiptful It is compacted of Phisick superstition and the Mathematical Arts. The Thessalians were especially accused with the frequent use of this practice the first Writers of this Art were said to be Hosthunes Pythagoras Empedocles Democritus Plato who with divers others Sailed into far Countries to learn it Wherein Democritus was reported to have been the most famous three hundred years after the City was builded in which time Hippocrates published the Art of Phisick The Monks those of Olivet sprung up as a Fruit of disorder the same year that the variance was amongst three Bishops and were instituted by Barnardus Ptolomeus the year of our Lord 1407. under Gregory the 12th The faction of Grandimonsers began by Steven of Anern in Aquitane or Guyen the year of our Lord 1076 under Alexander the Second and had their Title of the Mountain where their Abbey stood A little after the same time Robert Abbot of Molisme in Cisterium a Forrest in Burgundy did insinuate the order of Cistercians though some ascribe it to one Ordingus a Monk that perswaded Robert to the same about the year of our Lord 1098. under Urbane the Second of this order was the great Clark St. Bernard The other orders of them as also of the Hieronymians Canons White-Friers Crouch-Friers to mention them as they are so numerous would be too tedious Martyrs of them our Saviour Christ was the first Witness and was incarnate to be so for the Truth he had for his Blessed and True Testimony the envy of the Jews insomuch that they persecuted him to the vile Death of the Cross for his most sacred record and report of the Truth and they did no less persue the Apostles and Messengers of the Truth For when they following the Example of their Master did openly declare the word of Truth and namely Peter did sorely rebuke the wickedness of the Jews for putting to Death our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ the Author of Life advertising of them to repent and amend The Jews were so furious that they Murthered Stephen as the Acts of the Apostles testifies because he was a Fervent and Zealous Witness of the Truth This Stephen did two years continually after Christs Death dispute with all the Learned men of Alexandria Cyrene Cilicia and Asia and by Heavenly Wisdome confounded all their Worldly Reason and Humane Learning for which they were so poisoned with Malice against him that they violently Thrust him out of the Citty and then cruelly stoned him to Death Thus Stephen was the first open maintainer and defender of our Christian Religion Afterwards St. Luke the Evangilist found such bitter and sharp persecutions did burst out against the Christians that were in Jerusalem that they were enforced to stray abroad and were scattered throughout all Jewry and Samaria saving that the Apostles remained and Sojourned at Jerusalem Notwithstanding this persecution was a great furtherance of the Gospel by reason they ceased not but Preached still the Word every where to the great advance and augmentation of the number of the Faithfull Amongst the Heathen Nations Nero in the 13th year of his Reign was the first that persecuted our Religion universally and put St. Peter and St. Paul to Death and consequently many other Innocents were slain cruelly For out of a Bloody mind he had he could not spare his own Countrey but either for displeasure of the ruinous Houses which he was exasperated to behold or else desirous to see a resemblance of the Burning of Troy he set on fire the most part of the Citty of Rome with so huge a flame that it burnt six Days and six Nights continually to the Impoverishing of many Thousands of the Cittizens Then to mitigate that shamefull and abominable Crime he forged false Witnesses that the Christians were guilty of that Enormious Fact and so Thousands of Innocents for Religion were most cruelly put to Death for the Tyrants pleasure and to obdurate and harden himself in mischief he proclaimed an open Persecution against all that professed the Name of Christ Not long after Domitian in the 12th year of his Reign renewed another Persecution he caused St. John to be put into a Vessel of burning Oyl whereof he received no hurt Trjan raised a third The fourth Marcus Antonius Lucius Anrelius Commodus stirred up The fifth Persecution was under the Emperour Severus Maximinius procured the sixth Decius the seventh The eighth Valerius The ninth began under the Emperour Aurelianus The tenth was by the Command of the Emperour Dioclesian and Maximianus Herculeus this Persecution was far more cruell and general then any of the rest insomuch that Dioclesian in the occient and Maximinian in the occident destroyed all the Churches and tormented the Christians with most horrid Cruelties The Books of Scripture were Burned Churches plucked down Christian Magistrates that were in any Office were deposed Souldiers were enforced to deny their Faith or else to be deprived of their Estates or loose their Lives Neither were the three cruel Tyrants Mezentius Licinus and Maximinianus behind for their parts but were as insatiate for Christian Blood As
concerning the Martyrdoms of the Twelve Apostles we shall relate as followeth James the Son of Zebedee called Major for that he was chosen to be an Apostle was sent to convert Spaine from whence by reason of the Obstinacy of the People he returned shortly to Preach in Judea where through the Malice of a Jewish Bishop called Abiathar he was accused and Beheaded by the consent of Herod Agrippa His Body was conveyed by his Disciples first to Jerusalem and from thence to Spaine where it remaineth in Compostella a Famous Pilgrimage James the Son of Alpheus called Minor for that he was last chosen he was Bishop of Jerusalem and that for the space of Thirty years and then as he was Preaching in the Temple he was thrown down by the Pharises and by them stoned to death he was Buried by the Temple Simon by our Saviour called Peter through the indignation of Nero because he was too hard for and had overcome Simon Magus Sorcerie was Crucified with his Head downward Saul after his conversion called Paul who after that he had endured and escaped many dangers and torments as being Whipt with Rods put in the Stocks by Philipus Stoned in Lystra delivered to wild Beasts in Ephesus Bound and Beaten in Jerusalem at last he came to Rome where by the commandement of Nero he was Beheaded for that he was a Roman Born the same day that St. Peter was crucified Philip after he had Preached throughout the whole Coutrey of Scythia and converted a great part thereof in the space of twenty years was at last in the City of Hierapolis when he had there extirped the Herisie of the Hebaeonites fastned to the Cross and put to a cruel death Bartholomew went to Preach in India and afterwards came to Albania a City of Armenia the greater where he converted the King of that City and destroyed the Idols Wherefore by the Commandment of Astiages Brother to King Polimeus whom he had converted he was Flead alive His Body was afterwards brought to Italy and is as some say at Rome Andrew Simon Peters Brother went first to Preach in Achaia and afterwards in Scythia but Lastly he was taken at Patras a City of Achaia by Egeas Pro-consul of that Province Who because that he had Converted his Wife Maximilla cast him in prison where he was most Tyrannically beaten stretched out and bound upon a slope Cross to augment his Torment and so he dyed Thomas Preached the Gospel to the Parthians Medes Persians Hyrcanians Bragmans and converted a great part of India He was by the Infidels thrown into a burning Furnace and is said to have come out unhurt Finally because he prayed to God to destroy the Idol of the Sun which the Infidels would have compelled him to Worship he was by them thrust through with Spears and Swords Matthew after he had Preached much in Judea he went into Aetheopia and there converted the greatest part of the Countrey As he had newly ended his Prayers and was lifting up his hands to Heaven by the Alter by the Appointment of the King of that Countrey certain Villains came behind him and run him through with their Swords Judas called Thaddeus after the Ascention of our Lord was sent by Thomas to heal Albagar King of Edissa Afterwards he Preached in Pontus and Mesopotamia and converted many cruel and barbarous People Lastly he came to Persia where for confounding of their Idols he was suddenly run upon and murdered by the Pagan Bishops of that Countrey He was buried at Netre a City of Armenia Simon called Chananeus Brother to Thaddeus and James the less after he had Preached in Aegypt returned to Jerusalem Whereof by the consent of the Apostles he was made Bishop after the death of his Brother James As touching his Martyrdome some say that he suffered with his Brother Judas Thaddeus in Persia others that he was through the envy of the Hereticks accused before the Consul Atticus and therefore Crucified as his Master was Mathyas after the Ascension of our Blessed Lord and Saviour was chosen by the Apostles to supply the room of Judas he was born at Bethlem and was descended of the Tribe of Juda. He Preached for the most part in Judea where at last he was falsly accused of his enemies for Perjury and was therefore condemned to be stoned to death by two men after which torment one cut him with a Hatchet which finished his Martyrdome The Four Monarchies of the World were in successive order as followeth the First was of the Assirians by Ninus about the year of the World 2220. augmented by the Queen Semiramis and afterwards it endured the Term of 1300 years it was translated by Arbactus to the Medes and there having endured 350 years it was left by Astyages and exterpated by Cyrus The Second Monarchy was of the Persians the year of the World 3425 which after it had endured 191 years was lost by Daryus and extirpated by Alexander the Great The Third Monarchy was of the Grecians founded by Alexander the Great in the year of the World 3634 and before Christ 320 years after whose death it was divided amongst the Prefects which in his life time he had appointed in divers Countries by which division Selenius King of Assyria Ptolomeus King of Aegypt Antigonus King of Asia Cassander of Macedonia and Greece all which Countries were after subdu●●… by the Romans The Fourth Monarchy or Empire was of the Romans founded by Julius Caesar in the year of the World 3914 after the building of Rome 706 years and before Christ 47 years This Monarchy flourished about the space of 470 years till that after the death of Theodosius the Great it was divided by his two Sons into two Empires Arcadius was Emperour of Constantinople which Empire endured though afterwards much diminished by the Invasions of Barbarous Nations untill the year of our Lord 1453 and then was quite lost by Constantine and conquered by Mahomet the second Emperour of the Turks Honorious was Emperour of Rome which Empire shortly after in the year of our Lord five hundred seventy-five and about the ninth Month of the Reign of Augustus was utterly ruinated by Othacar King of the Gothes And long after in the year of our Lord 801 it was restored by Charles the great and by him united to the Crown of France and by his successors Translated into Germony 〈◊〉 here it yet remaineth as a shaddow only or representation of the Majesty of the Ancient Roman Empire Measures and Wrights were found out by Sidonius as Entropius writes The same time that Procus Reigned in Albany Ahaz in Judah and Jeroboam in Hierusalem Some write that Mercury devised them in Greece Pliny ascribeth it to Phidon of Argos Gellius to Palamades Strabo to one Phidon of Elis in Arcadie Diogenes saith that Pythagoras taught the Greeks Weights and Measures but Josephus affirms that Cain first found them out Men Deified were such as from whom had been attained any