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A20983 Emblema animæ or Morrall discourses reflecting upon humanitie. Written by John du Plessis now Cardinall of Richleu. Translated by I.M. Also varietie of obseruations delightfull to the minde; Emblema animae. English Richelieu, Armand Jean de Plessis, duc de, 1585-1642.; Maxwell, James, b. 1581.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver. 1635 (1635) STC 7359; ESTC S111092 68,276 289

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the more wee erre and so goe on each houre purchasing unto our selves a new paine and punishment The day of Death is the Master-day and Judge of all other dayes the tryall and Touchstone of all the actions of our ●●fe Then do we make our grea●●st assay and gather the whole ●●uite of all our studies He that ●●dgeth of the Life of a man ●ust looke how hee carrieth ●imselfe at his Death for the ●nd Crowneth the Workes ●nd a good Death honoureth a ●ans whole life as an evill de●●meth it Therefore feare it ●ot On Christian for that day which thou fearest as thy last is ●●e Birth-day of Eternity Divers dayes have beene ●appy and unlucky to divers ●en as Friday to that great Captaine Gonsalvo in the Wars of Naples the twenty fourth day of February to Charles the fifth Wednesday to Pope Six●us the fifth Sunday to Henry the seventh of England And Saturday in the three times taking of Ierusalem by Pompey Herod and Titus But no day 〈◊〉 either happy or averse to a ch●●stian but his day of death Ho●● carefull ought ye then to bee 〈◊〉 prepare himselfe against th● day wherein he shall be rewa●ded according to his worke● which if good with a Crow● of blessednesse but if bad wi●● unquenchable fire It was a custome among th● Indians when any of the m●dyed his wives with their mo●● glorious Habits and greate● pompe as if it were on the●● nuptiall day threw themselv●● into the fire she accounting h●● selfe happiest that was the firs● and those that refused were fo● ever after rejected and mad● slaves Let not Heathens ou● strippe thee O Christian let th● death bee more honourable CHRIST is the Spouse of th● Church follow him therefore ●●t not thy life onely but thy ●eath be godly otherwise thou ●●t no better then a slave to sin ●nd Satan despised not of men ●nely but of the Divells them●elves This consideration of our death 〈◊〉 a great helpe not onely to ●rovoke us to live a good life ●ut besides that to dye well In ●hings that be hard and dificult foresight and preparation before ●and is a very great helpe to ●ring them well to passe Now so great a leape as is the leape of death which reacheth from this life to the everlasting life to come cannot well be leaped unlesse we make a great course and fetch a long race to runne the same No great thing can bee well and perfectly done at the first time seeing therefore it is so great a matter to dye and so necessary to dye well it shall be very expedient for us to dye oftentimes in our life that wee may dye well at the very time of our death Wee must not be unwilling to dye and to yeel● our bodies as a debt due to Nature no for the Body at the best is but the Coffin of the Soule as the Graue is the coffin of the Body The souliders that bee appointed to fight doe first practice themselves in such postures and exercises as whereby the may learne in time of peace what they must do in time of warre the Horse also that must runne at the Tilt traverseth all the ground before and tryeth all the steps thereof that at such times as hee commeth to make his course he bee not found new and strange in doing his feat Wherefore seeing wee all must runne this course insomuch as there is no man alive but must dye considering also that the way is so obscure stony as all men know and the danger so great that whosoever falleth shall be tumbled downe headlong into the bottomlesse pit of hell fire it is very requisite that we tread diligently before hand all this way and consider particularly all the steppes and places thereof one by one because that in every one of them there is much to bee considered and let us not thinke it enough to consider onely what passeth outwardly in our conversation but let us endeavour much more to understand what passeth inwardly within the heart so shall both our life and and death be acceptable And to shut the doore unto all fearefull apprehensions of death we must learne to do two things which the world can never teach us the one is to live well for a vertuous and Christian life maketh even agreeable the very memory of death the other is that wee beleeve that the thing which it hath pleased God to afford us for a remedy and easement of our manifold labours and toyles is not so harsh nor so horrible as we do imagine And for a finall conclusion let us remember how that the Saints have held life a paine and death an ease And that every part of Heaven shall together shine upon us who wholly shall behold all the glory therof in his due place which now through the streight and narrow passage of the sight wee doe but see and discerne a farre off And let us close all up with this that though our mortall bodies are dissolved heere on earth yet God will raise up both Soule and Body at the latter Day to Crowne them with Everlasting Happinesse The Authors Conclusion BEHOLD heere th● Flowers that I hav● gathered heere an● there out of the garde● of the flourishing Wits and Wri●tings of the Wise Them I lay open in common betweene you an● mee even as busie Bees doe their Honey which they have reaped i● faire and well furnished Gardens and flowery Fields to the end we● together may draw from thence the sugred sweetnesse of this pleasant Embleme or Happinesse of the Minde I am of opinion that of the ancient Poets had throughly knowne this they would not have composed any other Nectar or brewed any other Ambrosiacke for the dye● of their Gods but should have thought them well feasted in serving them with ●his dish alone for all messes and ●neales Seeing therefore wee have the opportunity offered us ●f finding out and using so di●ine a thing let us make use of ●t in the most thrifty manner we ●ossible may Acknowledging in ●he meane time that this Happi●esse we talke of is a Gift from Heaven which the bountifull influence of the Worlds maker must distill into our Mindes Hee being the true and living Well-spring whence floweth all our Felicity and Blisse Whose Name therefore according as wee are bound we blesse and magnifie for ever Amen FINIS THE MINDES DELIGHT OR VARIETY OF MEMORABLE MATTERS WORTHY of Observation Lege Collige Collected by J. M. LONDON Printed by Ni. and Io. Okes. 1635. THE MINDES DELIGHT OR Variety of Memorable Matters worthy of observation The foure parts of the World EVROPA so called from Europa Daughter of Agenor King of Libya and of the Phoenicians brought hither as Poets feigne by Iupiter in the shape of a Bull but as Historians write by a Cretan Captaine named Taurus is separated from Asia as is hereafter showne and from Africke by the Mediterranean sea It is in length 2800. and in bredth 1200.
miles Asia so called from the Daughter of Oceanus and Thetis Wife to Iapetus and Mother to Prometheus or as some say of Asia the Sonne of Manae King of Lydia is separated from Europe by the River Tanais now called Duina by the Sea called in time past Palus Mcotides now Mare de Zabache and by Pontus Euxinus now Mare Maiorica and by part of the Mediterranean Sea and from Africk by the River of Nile the Red Sea and the Aegyptian Istmus It stretcheth in length 5200. miles and in bredth 4560. miles Affrica which some say is so called of one Affer of the line of Abraham is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean sea and from Asia by the Rod sea and the Fiver of Nile Africa is in length 4155. and in bredth 1920. miles America o● West-India so called of Americus Vespusius but first found out by Christopher Columbus of Genua the yeare of our Lord 1492. it is like an Iland round about environed with the great Ocean but the length and bredth no man knoweth Africa is greater then Europa Asia then Africa and America bigger then all The foure Monarchies THe first Monarchy was of the Assyrians founded by Ninus about the yeare of the World 2220. augmented by the Queene Semiramis and after it had endured the terme of 1300. yeares it was translated by Arbactus unto the Medes and there having endured 350. yeares it was lost by Astyages and conquered by Cyrus The second Monarchy was of the Persians founded by Cyrus the yeere of the World 3425. which after it had endured 191. yeares was lost by Darius and subdued by Alexander the great The third Monarchy was of the Grecians founded by Alexander the great in the yeare of the World 3634. and before Christ 320 yeares after whose death it was divided among the Prefects which in his life-time he had appointed in divers Countries By which division Seleucus was King of Syria Ptolomeus of Egypt Antigonus of Asia Cassander of Macedonia and Greece all which Countries were after subdued by the Romans The fourth Monarchy or Empire was of the Romans founded by Iulius Caesar in the yeare of the World 3914 after the building of Rome 706 yeares and before Christ 47 yeares This Monarchy flourished about the space of 470 yeares till that after the death of Theodosius the great it was divided by his two Sonnes into two Empires Arcadius was Emperour of Constantinople which Empire endured though afterwards much diministred by the invasions of barbarous nations untill the yeare of our Lord 1453 and then was quite lost by Constantine and conquered by Mahomet second King of Turkes Honorius was Emperour of Rome which Empire shortly after in the yeare of our Lord 475 and about the ninth moneth of the reigne of Augustus was utterly ruinated by Othacar King of Goths And long after the yeare of our Lord 801 it was restored by Charles the great and by him united to the Crownne of France and by his successors translated into Germany where it yet remaineth as a shadow onely or representation of the greatnesse and majesty of the ancient Roman Empire The sixe Ages of the World IN the dividing of these Ages there is great contrariety of Opinions among Writers for that some follow the computation of the 72 Interpreters and some follow the Hebrewes and the common Text of the Bible The first Age from the creation of the world till the universall Flood endured according to the Hebrewes 1656 yeares which agreeth with the saying of S. Hierome Bede Philo and the common text of the Bible The 72. Interpreters and Eusebius hold that it endured 2242 yeares and Saint Austine is of opinion that it endured 2272. Of this Age few or no things are recited worthy of memory Except the birth of the first man Adam and the creation of all things The second age from Noahs floud till the birth of Abraham endured according to the 72 Interpretours Eusebius and the greatest part of writers 942 and according to the Hebrewes but 292 yeares Saint Austin counteth 172 yeares In this age was builded Babel The tower of confusion the Empire of the Assyrians beganne and the great City of Ninive was builded which contained in circuit three daies journey The third age from Abraham to David endured by the agreement of all Authors 942 yeares During this age was the peregrination of Abraham the beginning of the Amazones Sodom and Gommorrah were destroied Ioseph was sold to the Egyptians Moses passed the red Sea Iob the just lived Iason conquered the golden Fleete the destruction of Troy the Latins beganne to raigne in Italy The fourth age from the beginning of the raigne of David till the leading of the Iewes captive into Babylon endured 485 yeares during this age the Empire of Assyrians was translated to the Medes the Olympiades of the Grecians beganne Carthage was builded by Dido and Rome by Romulus Byzance was also builded the destruction of Ierusalem by Nebuchadnezzar and thereupon the calamity of the Jewes The fift age from the transmigration of Babylon to the comming of Christ endured by the agreement of al 589 yeares During this age Cyrus beganne the Monarchie of the Persians the 70 yeare of this age the Jewes returned to their Countrie Consuls beganne to rule in Rome Xerxes invaded Greece with an armie of 1000000 men Plato Aristotle and Demostenes flourished with many other worthy Philosophers Alexander wonne the Monarchy of the world the destruction of Carthage by the Romans Caesar usurped the Empire of Rome The Sixt age beganne at the birth of our Saviour Christ which yet endureth and shall endure to the end of the world The seaven wonders of the World THe first were the walls of Babylon built by Semiramis of stone joyned together with a strange kinde of slimy and gluish morter which groweth in the mines of those Countries and especially in the Lake where stoode in time past Sodome and Gomorrah now called Asfaltida These walls according to the towne were built in quadrangle and contained in circuit as sayth Pliny in the twenty sixt Chapter of his sixt booke 60 miles so that every square was fifteene mile long they were 200 foote high and fifty foote thicke and to build these walls were hired by Semiramis out of divers Countries for a long space 300000 men The second was the Pillar of the sunne offered by the Gentills unto Iupiter This Pillar stoode in the I le of Rhodes and was made of iron in the forme of a man of incredible greatnesse in so much that a man mighst scarce fadome the great singer thereof After it had stood 56 yeares it fell downe by reason of an earthquake and so lay till the Iland was wonne by the Souldan of Egypt who carried so much mettle away as loaded 900 Camels The third were the Pyramides of Egypt among the which there is one specially noted about the City of Memphis now called grand Caire this Pyramid covered about 40 acres of land
to finde reason Tryumphant by which they governe their insurrective passions Moreover set before your eyes the roll and scroll of holy men of old the blessed Martyrs of Christ of whom some have beene beheaded others have beene hanged some have beene burnt and others have beene broyled some haue beene cut in peeces and others have had their skinne pulled off Besides that during their life they have been afflicted with hunger nakednes and neede of whom certainely the world was not worthy and therefore it had them in horrour as those in whom it had no interest at al. But God loved them deerely and by his divine providence which cannot bee deceived appointed them to passe through such Tribulations as through a needles eye into the place of perpetuall repose Yea the paines and perplexities that vertuous men doe endure doe even pricke them forwards to have a more earnest desire to loath and to leave this wretched world So that in the end they dislodge out of a bad and sad prison they escape and slip out of the darke caves and obscure corners and having no deepe apprehension of death they finde the faire beaten way that leadeth them to a better life DIS 15. Of other mens faults and imperfections NOw joy begins to budde and the blossomes of felicity appeare yet after that yee have thus disposed of yourselfe and have appeased your owne passions yet shall yee have the vices of others and the faults which are done in publicke making an on-set against you to trouble your minde Considering the great disorder that is amongst men which is so great that scarsely there cannot any thing be found in the roome where it ought to be and that there is hardly any one that doth the duty whereunto by birth and calling hee was ordained The man who should prove a wise Judge is a simple Citizen and he that ought to be but a meere citizen is made a Judge and that man doth command who ought to obey It is a strange thing to consider how that almost every thing is corrupt and sold and how that as it were all things are turned upside downe To see how that the poore man is punished for every petty trespasse and the puisant and wealthy person is spared to see I say how the whole plotting plodding of men now a daies is altogether for money when as riches are but the gifts of Nature but goodnesse of God himselfe and canst thou thinke that hee that created man good hath not bestowed a greater portion on him then those whom fortune hath made rich what if thou beest poore content thy selfe thou shalt finde greater consolation in that and goodnesse then the bad and rich shall with all their store Againe it cannot but bring griefe unto a good mans minde to consider how small occasion and example of living vertuously such persons do minister unto us as hold the chiefe offices and the first rankes in the Common wealth The vertuous man is holden every where as a monster abhorred despised and disdained And what shall a man say when as hee weigheth with himselfe the variable mutable disposition of the multitude one while loving and another while loathing at one time praising at another time dispraising one and the same thing one and the same party How many bee the miserable changes that fall out amongst men And what a hard case is it when men make none account of that they should diligently heare and on the other side harken to that whereunto they should rather stop the eare The despite and dislike that many have conceived by reason of such courses hath made them bid the world fare well and moved them to withdraw themselves into deserts and solitarie aboads as not being able to behold with their eyes that which did breed bring so much displeasure to their mindes whose intentions were wholy bent upon that which was really good laudable and honest And therfore such have chosen to live rather amongst the wild beasts amidst the vaste wildernesse and rocky mountains then amongst so many wilde men swarming with vile and wicked manners Neverthelesse in these and such other occurrents as cannot be amended man must cōmand and master his minde and carry himselfe in such sort that these unamendable evills make him not to abhorre the company and societie of men but rather hee must take occasion thereof to bee the more watchfull and wary lest he become one of those that forget to carry themselves discreetly amongst men he must also beware lest hee minister occasion to another to blame in himselfe that which he doth blame in his neighbour A man must hold more on Democritus then on Heraclitus for he did weepe alwaies at the faults he saw men fall into but Democritus did laugh at them To the one all that men doe did seeme to be but misery to the other fondnesse and folly And it seemeth to be the better of the twaine when as things amisse cannot be amended that wee sweeten them a little if it were but in covering them with the cloake of a faire shew it being a likely-hood more consonant to mans nature to laugh at the manifold miseries of our life then mourningly to bewaile them with teares But yet yee shall do better if that for the vices of other men and such as are done in publick yee do keepe a mediocrity and meane neither alwayes lamenting not yet alwayes laughing at them for it is both a miserable kinde of disposition for a man to afflict himselfe excessively by reason of another mans miscarriage and a pittilesse kinde of passe-time to be laughing alwayes thereat But there be some to whom this advice will seeme to be of no weight for not onely they cannot comport with the imperfections of their friends but also those of their enemies do afflict them Their honours precedencies wrongs and incompetencies vexe them the importunities of their friends the way wardnesse and peevishnesse of their Servants and Acquaintance trouble and torment them daily But how much better were it to have patience in such accidents chiefly seeing they winne so little by willing and wishing the amendment therof Ye must rather imagine think with your selfe tha● these men which thus take pleasure to annoy you are as dogs which be borne to barke And impute all this evill to their perverse nature wherein they are enough punished by the means of a perpetuall peoplexity which pricketh and peirceth their mind But if your weaknesse be such as to stumble at al that yee see ill done by such as are about you yee are then in that case meere●y forlorne For if the vices of strangers or of those that be your owne come once to win ground on you to close with you and to overcome you yee shal be abashed and amazed to see how that all such importunities and troubles like water shall run into you as the raine doth from the gutter into the base cour● or from a steepe hill