Mephra Mutesis It was to him Joseph interpreted the Dreams and who entertained Jacob. This Patriarch died under The Death of Jacob. The Death of Joseph Tomesis the second afterwards Joseph continued to Govern under Orus in whose Reign he Dyed Of the World 2305. before Christ 1689. The Successors of Orus are these who The Israelites Persecuted follow Ratotis Achancheres Armais and Ramesses the first Ramesses the second he began to oppose the Israelites and his Son continued it he was called Amenophes the Third Of the World 2369. before Ch. 1635. The Birth of Aaron and Moses Cecrops K 〈…〉 of Athens The Birth of Aaron and Moses Of the World 2430. before Ch. 1574 Cecrops brought a Collony from Aegypt into Greece and there founded the City of Athens of which he was the first King Of the World 2467. before Ch. 1537. The Arabians became Masters of Babilon Tâ—â— Arabians in Babylon and having drove out the Chaldeans and there establisht a new Dinasty of which Mardocentis was the first King Of the World 2494. before Ch. 1510. Amenophis the third continued to persecute the Israelites but God delivered them by the hand of Moses as it is Related in the Book of Exodus Of the World 2513. before Ch. 1491. The Fourth Age. THat which passed in the Wilderness is fully described in the Book of Moses As to profane History that remarks the conquests of Sesostris the Son The Conquests of Sesostris or Aegiptus of Amenophis the Third who past thro' Arabia into Persia and went even to India where he past over Caucasus and entred into Scythia and arrived at Thrace and so passing the Bosphorus travelled through Asia the lesser and Syria and came back into his Kingdom at the end of Nine Years which he had spent to make himself master of those Countrys which have been named Besides the name of Sesostris he had that of Egiphes whence his Kingdom took afterwards its Name He had a Brother called Armais whom at his Return he drove out of Aegypt because he had broke the Orders given him to observe in his Brothers Absence It was this Armais whom the Greeks called Danaus Armais or Danaus who being Expelled his Country came to Greece where he became master of the Kingdom of Argos of whom was The Danaids feigned the Fable of the Danaids Of the World 2522. before Ch. 1482. Busiris the Brother of Amenophis the Busiris Third Uncle of the two preceeding Princes succeeded his Nephew Sesostris who died without Children This is that Busiris so famous for his cruelty to Strangers Of the World 2530. before Ch. 1474. Hermes Tresmigestus At this time lived Hermes Tresmigestus the most famous Phylosopher and one of Sesostris his Privy Councellors Agenor Agenor the Son of Belus the Aegyptian past from the upper part of Aegypt into that part of Palestine which from the name of Phaenix his Son was called Phaenicia Phaenix Caelix his second Son gave the Caelix name to Caelicia Cadmus the third having Cadmus persued the Ravisher of his Sister Europa Europa and not being able to retrieve her stopt in Boetia at a City he called Thebes from Thebes the name of another Thebes of high Aegypt his native Country This Cadmus brought Greek Characters to the Greeks those Characters that they used since for Writing Of the World 2549. before Ch 1455. The Death of Aaron and Moses The death of Aaron and Moses was a Year after Of the World 2552. before Ch. 1452 Joshua brought the Israelites into the Joshua past the Jordan Land of Promise where Manna failing they began to Eat of the Fruits of the Earth The first Year after the sixth from The first Sabbatick Year their Entrance is the first Sabbatick Year by which they regulated their Years of Jubilee Of the World 2560. before Ch. 1444 The Death of Joshua Joshua dies after he had judged the People 26 Years Of the World 2591. bef Ch. 1413. Othoniel the Brother of Caleb Judged Of the World 2599. before Ch. 1405. The Judges of Israel Israel Of the World 2659. before Ch. 1345. after him Ehud to whom Samgar succeeded Of the World 2679. before Ch. 1325. Belus King of Assyria of the race of Assur drove the Arabs out of Babylon and united the two Kingdoms Of the World 2682. before Christ 1322. Deborah ana Baruc. Deborah judged Israel with Baruc. Of the World 2719. before Christ 1245. Belus the Assyrian The City of Niniveh Ninus the Sonnet and Successor of Belus gave the Name to the City Niniveh which was Built by Assur in the time of Nimrod Of the World 2737. before Ch. 1267. This Ninus conquered all the Country between Tygris and India among the Kings whom he subdu'd was the famous Zoroaster Zoroaster King of the Bactrians Of the World 2781. before Ch. 1223. Gideon judged Israel his Son Abimelec The Judge of Israel usurpt the Title of King which his Father had refused Ninus gave to his second Son Argon the Argon King of Lydia Kingdom of Lydia which he had conquered from the Descendants of Atys Son of Hercules After the Death of Ninus Semeramis Semeramis his Widow Reigned in his place under the name of Ninias their Son Tholac and Jair govern'd Israel successively Judges of Israel then Jephta whose History the Scripture fully relates in the 11th and 12th Chapters of Judges The taking of Troy by the Greeks The The Siege of Troy Kings of that place were Dardanus the Son of Jupiter and Electra the Daughter of Atlas then Erictonius Tros Ilus with The Trojan Kings his Brother Asaracus Ilus by the Daughter of Teucer Son of Scamander King of Creet had Laomedon Asaracus was Father to Capis and Tyton Laomedon Father of Priamus Priamus Father to Hector and Paris and Cassys Father to Anchyses Anchyses Father to Eneas Tyton Father to Memnon The chief of the Greeks who were present The chief of the Greeks at the Seige of Troy at the War were Agamemnon and Menelaus Brothers and Sons of Atreus The first was King of Argos and Missena The second of Spanea Thiestes their Grandfather Pelops who was Son of Tantalus and of Hippodamia the Daughter of Enomaus King of Peloponesus Ulisses Husband to Penelope and King of Ithaca Achilles the Son of Peleus and Thetis .. Peleus Son of Jachus King of Aegina Patroclus Kinsman and Friend to Achilles both of them Pupils to Chyron the two Ajaxes the first the Son of Telamon King of Salamis the other of Oclus King of Locris Diomedes King of Aetolia Palamedes King of Eubaea Hercules Castor and Pollux Brothers of Hellena born of Jupiter and Leda Orpheus and the young Hylas Friend of Hercules Jason Prince of the Argonauts The Arnauts he was the Son of Aeson King of Thessaly Jason was Husband to Medea who afterwards married Aegeus
King of Athens Father of Theseus who by the help of Ariadne killed the Minotaure she was Daughter to Minos King of Creet Husband of Pasiphae This Minos was renowned for Justice as well as Aeacus and Radamanthus Pyrithous the Son of Ixicon The Judges of Hell and Friend of Theseus Ninias the Son of Ninus and of Semeâ—amis Ninius succeeded his Mother in the Kingdoms of Assyria and Babylon Of the World 2824. before Ch. 1180. Ilsam Helon and Habdon judged Israel The Judges of Israel successively Of the World 2826. before Christ 1178. Then Ely the High Priest Ely In the 20th Year of his Government Gamson was Born whose History is related Samson in the 14 15 and 16. Chapters of Judges Of the World 2868. before Ch. 1136. The four first Chapters of the first Book of Samuel relates the Birth and Disorders Samuel of the Sons of Ely their Death with their Fathers after the Ark of God was taken by the Phylistins The seventh Chapter of Samuel relates the happy beginning of Samuels Government Of the World 2903. before Ch. 1101. The Israelites demand a King which was Saul Of the World 2909. before Ch. Saul the first King of Israel 1095 his History is written in the first Book of Samuel form the 8th Chapter to the 31st Of the World 2949. before Ch. 1055. His Son Isboseth succeeded him only over His Death Ten Tribes David being acknowledg'd King by the other two Judah and Benjamin Isboseth being killed David is declared Isboseth David King over all Israel He took Jerusalem and made it the Takes Jerusalem Seat of his Kingdom the remainder oâ— his History is set down in the second Book of Samuel from the 16 Chapter to His Death the second Book of Kings which relates his Death Of the World 2990. before Ch. 1014. Solomon his Son succeded him in his Solomon Throne The History of his first three Years is mentioned in the first Book of Kings from the second Chapter to the fifth Of the World 2993. before Ch. 1011. The Fifth Age BEgins from the foundation of the The Foundation of the Temple Temple by Solomon who finisht it in Seven Years and a half Of the World 3000. before Christ 1004. The remainder of his History is inserted in the first Book of Kings Chapter the 9th and in the first Book of Chronicles the 9th and 10th Chapters Under his Son Rhehoboam the Kingdom Rhehoboam was divided into two Of the World 3029. before Christ 975. The first composed of two Tribes of Judah and Benjamin which obeyed his Rule and his Successors under The Kingdom of Judah The Kingdom of Israel Jeroboam the Name of the Kingdom of Judah The second consisted of the Ten Tribes under the name of the Kingdom of Israel and passed to Jeroboam and his Successors Of the World 3030. before Ch. 974. The Battle between the two Kings in A remarkable Battle which were killed 500000 Men of the Army of Jeroboam Abiam the Son of Rhehoboam Of the Abiam World 3049. before Ch. 955. Reigned also in the time of Jeroboam Of the World 3050. before Ch. 954. Baasca the Son and Successor to Jeroboam Baasca Of the World 3062. before Ch. 942. Asa Son of Abiam King of Judah Asa Nadab King of Israel the Murtherer and Nadab Successor to Baasca Ela the Son of Baasca killed by Zimri Ela and Zimri and Homri Kings of Israel and he in the space of 16 days by Homri who Built Samaria Of the World 3088. before Ch. 916. Jehosophat Son and Successor to Asa King of Judah Achab Son and Successor to Homri he Achab. was reproved for his Wickedness and Elia. Echosias Elisha cruel Injustice by the Prophet Elia and his Son Echosias by the Prophet Elisha Jehosophat Son and Successor to Asa Jehosophat King of Judah Joram Brother and Successor to Ochosias Joram King of Israel King of Israel Of the World 3007. before Ch. 897. Joram Son and Successor to Jehosaphat Joram King of Judah King of Judah Of the World 3008. before Ch. 896. Jehoachas or Achasis King of Judah was Jehoachas killed as was also Joram King of Israel by Jehu who was likewise King of Israel Jehu King of Israel Athalia while Athalia Mother of Achasias having killed all her Children except Joas Reigned in Judah the space of Seven Years Of the World 3020. before Ch. 884. Joas Reigned in Judah after his Grandmother Joas King of Judah Athalia was killed Of the World 3126. before Ch. 878. At the same time Jehoachas Son and Successor Jehoachas King of Israel to Jehu Reigned in Israel Of the World 3148. before Ch. 856. The Athenians after the Death of Codrus Change of Government at Athens their last King changed the form of their Government and establisht their Archons for life after that for Ten Years and at last for every Year Joas Son and Successor to Jehoachas Joas King of Israel King of Israel Of the World 3164. before Ch. 840. Ozias or Azarias Son and Successor of Ozias King of Judah Amazius who succeeded his Father Joas King of Judah Of the World 3194. before Ch. 810. Jeroboam the second Son and Successor Jeroboam second King of Israel to Joas King of Israel Of the World 3220. before Ch. 770. Iphytus revived in Elida which is in Peleponesus Iphytus the Olimpick Games instituted above 400 Years before in Thessaly at the foot of Mount Olimpus by Hercules in Honour of his Father Jupiter Of the World 3228. before Ch. 776. From this Re-establishment the Greeks have reckoned their famous Epoche called the Olimpiads of which each contains The Olimpiads four Years compleat After an Interregnum of Eleven Years Zacharias succeeded his Father Jeroboam the Second at the end of six Months Zacharias was killed by Ralaum Kings of Israel who reigned but one Month and then was killed by Maniur his Successor who was made Tributary by Pul or Pall King of Assyria and Babylon Of the World 3233. before Ch. 771. Pecaia succeeded his Father Maneheim Kings of Judah and was killed at the end of Twelve Years by Pecaia his Successor Ozias or Azanas became Leprous for having usurpt the Office of High-Priest Of the World 3245. before Ch. 759. His Son Jonathan Governed the Kingdom in his place Of the World 3256. before Ch. 748. The Foundation of Rome Three Dinastys in Italy The first of Janus and Corythus The second of Saturnus Rome was Built at the end of the 7th Olimpiad Three Dinasties are observed to have Reigned in Italy before the Foundation of Rome The first of Janus the Ancient and from Corythus to Italus whose Daughter Roma married Saturnus called from thence Romanessus who was the chief of the second Dinasty called the Aborigines which he brought out of Arcadia into Italy There are counted
long time like a Monk he had brought over with him Paula and his Daughter Eustochia the best qualified Ladies in Rome After he had made a great Friendship with Ruffinus a Priest of Aquilia he broke it off Ruffinus with him when he found him to be an Origenist He writ most severely against Vigilantius Vigilantius a Spanish Priest who was an Enemy to the unmarried Clergy he also vigorously oppos'd the Errors of Helvidius who Helvidius denied the Honour due to the Holy Virgin Mother of our Saviour At this time flourrish'd Paulus Orosius Paulus Orosius Author of the Seven Books of the Universal History from the Creation of the World to his time The Emperor Honorius The Death of Honorius died of a Dropsie Aged Thirty Nine Years having Reign'd Twenty Eight Some time before his death he conferred the Title of Emperor Augustus on Constance his Brother-in-law who marry'd Placidia Widow to Astolfus King of the Goths Constance died not long after he was Marry'd leaving Valentinian his Son under the Tuition of his Mother Placidia she and her Son lived at Constantinople when Honorius died so Italy being destitute of the Royal Presence of the Princes John the Tyrant John a Prefect of the Praetorian Bands took upon him the Title of Emperor Placidia having heard of it marches with her Son to Fight the Tyrant who was taken by surprize at Ravenna by the means of some Officers faithful to the Princes He was brought Prisoner to them at Aquilia when they there were and where the Rebel had his Head cut off His Death so the Empire was divided between the Theodosius the 2d and Valentinian the 3d. Emperors Bishops of Rome two Cousins Theodosius the Second and Valentinian the Third The first keeping his Court at Constantinople and the other at Rome From Christ 423. Boniface Bishop of Rome and Successor to Innocent died in the same Year as Honorius the Emperor Count Boniface Governour of Africk incensed on a false Accusation that Placidia Regent of the Western Empire design'd to put him out of his Government called Tâ—â— Vandalls in Africk Genseric their King The Death of St. Augustin the Vandals out of Spain into Africk of which they easily took Possession under the Conduct of Genseric their King St. Augustin Bishop of Hippo in the same Province of Africk died a little before the taking of that City by the Vandalls This Great Father of the Church opposed the Errors of the Manichees though he had been infected with them in his Youth he boldly Combated against the Errors of Pelagius thâ— Heritick The Council of Carthage and of Mileva Pelagius who at that time declared himself an Enemy to our Saviour Christ They were Condemned in two Councils held at Carthage and at Mileva at the same time Pelagius had two Disciples Celestius and Julien Celestius was wholly of the Opinion of his Master Julien was not altogether of that Opinion but acknowledged a necessity of the Grace of Jesus Christ for the Conversion and intire accomplishment of Salvation he affirmed that the Beginnings and Inclinations depended on the will of Man John Cassian a Monk who had been a John Cassian Disciple of St. John Chrisostome being retired to Marseilles infected the Priests and Monks of that City and all thereabouts with this Error of Semipelagianism Prosperus of Aquitaine opposed it most Prosperus of Aquitaine Vigorously in Gaule as his Master St. Augustin had done in Africk At this time flourish'd in Gaule Severus Sulpitius Author of the two Books of the Learned Men. Sacred History And in the East Theodoret Bishop of Cir who Writ the Ecclesiastical History from Constantine to Theodosius the Younger Genseric King of the Vandals took Carthage Carthage taken and made it the Metropolis of the Kingdom he Establish'd in Africk In the same Year Theodosius assembled a The Council of Ephesus against Nestorius Council at Ephesus to enquire into the Opinion of Nestorius Bishop of Constantinople who asserted two Persons in Jesus Christ This Error was condemned there Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria by the Council in which presided Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria John Bishop of Alexandria in Thrace pretending that that precedency belonged to him because that Ephesus depended on his Metropolis and had drawn away several Bishops to its Faction among others Theodoret Bishop of Cir with whom he had Assembled another Council in the same City of Ephesus not to countenance the Errors of Nestorius but to demonstrate that they had mistaken the Forms of Proceeding In the mean time Affairs were embroiled to that Degree that the Emperor not being able at first to discover the Truth imprisoned Cyrillus and Nestorius but at last being better informed of the justice of the Cause he set Cyrillus at Liberty and sent Nestorius The Death of Nestorius to utter Banishment where he died Miserably From Christ 432. Caelestin Bishop of Rome died the Year Bishops of Rome after that Council was held He had there his Legats who Subscribed to the Condemnation of Nestorius who had been already Condemned at Rome in a Council which had been there Assembled by the same Caelestin Sixtus the Third his Successor held the See Eight Years during which time all was very quiet in the Church From Christ 440. But the Church was again disturbed in Eutychus the Heritick the East by Eutychus a Priest and Abbot of the Monks of Constantinople who by an Error contrary to that of Nestorius asserted but one Nature in Jesus Christ he found so many Adherents among the A false Câ—uncil at Ephesus Eastern Bishops that a great number of them being Assembled at Ephesus his Error was approved of in that false Council where things were carried with that Violence that Flavian who had been made Flavian Bishop of Constantinople Bishop of Constantinople in the place of Nestorius for having oppos'd the Judgment of the Council that favoured Eutychus suffer'd Martyrdom not by the hands of the Pagans but by those of Barsumas an Abbot and of Dioscorus Bishop of Alandria and President of the Assembly From Christ 449. These great Troubles were redrest at Pulcheria Sister to Theodosius the return of Pulcheria to the Court of her Brother Theodosius There had been formerly some Disgust between her and her Sister-in-law Eudosia Eudosia his Wife which had obliged that Empress to retire to Jerusalem where she had wholly Devoted her self to Piety and Charity towards the Poor From that time the Eunuch Chrisapius Chrisapius was become so great a Favorite to Theodosius that Pulcheria making that Minister jealous of her was removed but the pressing necessity of Affairs obliged Theodosius to recall her she made her Brother highly sensible of the ill Conduct his Favorite used in Governing the Empire and of his most inveterate Malice to foment the Troubles of the Church so the Eunuch having been punish'd
by his Brother called Ochus or Darius Nochus who thus plac'd himself on the Persian Throne Of The World 3580. before Ch. 424. Themistocles who was retired among the The Death of Themistocles Persians having been banisht by the Athenians killed himself by reason that the King of Persia would oblige him to lead an Army against the Grecians At this time lived Aristophanes the Poet Aristophanes Socrates Alcibiades and Socrates the Phylosopher and Alcibiades the famous Athenian Captain Of the World 3593. before Ch. 411. The Peloponesian War ended by a Peace the Greeks made among themselves finding they very much destroyed each other by their Dissention Of the World 3604. before Ch. 404. Ochus or Darius Nothus died leaving two Kings of Persia Sons Artaxerxes Mnenon Of the World 3601. before Ch. 403. And Cyrus tho' Younger who made War one against the other which was ended in a Battle where Cyrus was overcome and killed Six Thousand The Retreat of the Greeks Greeks who had served in the Army of the vanquisht Prince made at last a famous retreat related by Zenophon who was there present as one of their Officers Of the World 3663. before Ch. 401. After the return of the Jews from their Captivity they were Governed by a Sanedrim A Council composed of the wisest among the Priests and of the Tribe of Judah In this time John the High-Priest seeing Jesus his Brother would put himself into his place killed him in the very Temple Voges Governor of Samaria a Friend to the slain Brother revenged his Death by a second Prophanation of the Temple where he slaughtered a great number of People Of the World 3608. before Ch. 396. At this time lived Plato and Dionisius the Plato Dionysius King of Syracuse Epaminondas Tyrant of Syracuse to visit whom this Phylosopher made three Voyages Epaminondas the famous Thebane Captain died Victorious over the Athenians at the Battle of Luctrâ—s he had before deseâ—ted them in the Battle of Mâ—ntinea Of the World 3634. before Ch. 370. In Aegypt the Kingdom being in dispute Kings of Aegypt between Nectanaâ—â—s and Tharos his Nephew Th 〈…〉 prevailed by the help of 〈…〉 us King of Sparâ—â— who passed over Agesiâ—â—us into that Country with a great Army Of the World 3643 before Ch. 361. In Persia Ochus the Son of Artaxerxes Kings of Persia Mnemon killed his Brother Arsames upon which the Father died of Grief Thus Ochus called Artaxerxes the Third ascended the Throne The Birth of Alexander Son to Philip Alexanders ' s Birth King of Macedon and Olimpia Of the World 3648 before Ch. 356. The same Night the Temple of Diana The Temple of Ephesus Burnt at Ephesius was Burnt by one Herostratus who left his Name to Posterity in spight of all the care Antiquity took to have it forgot The Tyrians set Fire to their Ciâ—y and burnt themselves with it because they would not fall under the power of Ochus or Artaxerxes the Third This Victorious Ochus at last subdued Aegypt Ochus subdeued Phaenicia and Aegypt His Death there he killed the Oxe Apis for which he was slain by Bagoas one of his Eunuchs who gave his Flesh to be devoured by Cats Of the World 3654 before Ch. 350. This Aegyptian Eunuch having thus revenged the Affront done to his Nation set on the Throne Arsames Son to Ochus and after that killed him and set up in his place Darius Codomanus Darius Cadomanus Of the World 3668. before Ch. 336. Philip King of Macedon was killed by The Death of Philip of Mâ—cedon Pausanius a young Man of a Noble Family for a Cause dishonourable to the memory of that King At this time lived Demosthenes the famous Demosthenes Athenian Orator Enemy to Phâ—â— and Alexander Diogenes the Cynick lived Diogenes Aristotle at the same time and Aristotle thâ— Master of Alexander The Grecians assembled at Corinth chosâ— Alexander to command the Forces whicâ— Alexander chief Commander of the Greeks Thebes destroyed Athens saved they resolved to send into Asia against thâ— Persians the Thebanes having disowneâ— their Deputies on the account of thaâ— choice Alexander ruined their City Hâ— spared Athens which had displeased hiâ— by the same ill conduct as the Thebanes Oâ— the World 3670. before Ch. 334. Aristophanes the Comick Poet then flourisht Aristophanes the Poet. Alexander in Asia at Athens Alexander past the Hellespont to makâ— War against the Persians This passage oâ— his was remarkt to have happened in thâ— Third Olimpiad and in the 420th Year oâ— Rome Immediately after he won the Battlâ— The Battle of Granic near the Granic in Phrigia Of the Worlâ— 3671 before Ch. 333. This Victory made him Master of the lesser Asia there he pass'd the Winter and cut the Gordian Knot he fell dangerously sick in the Spring by bathing himself in a great Sweat in the River Cidnus which passes by Tharsus in Cilicia he was cured by Remedies his Physician Philip gave him He went to meet Darius who had an Army of Six Hundred Thousand Men whom The Battle of Issus he defeated near Issus in the streights of the Mountains of Cilicia Of the World 3672 before Ch. 332. This Victory made him Master of a The Fruits of his Victory great number of illustrious Prisoners among others of the Mother the Wife the Son and the Daughters of Darius also of the City Damascus where the vanquisht King had left his Treasure None but Tyre and Gaza durst oppose The Ruine of Tyre and Gaza him he took the first after seven Months Siege the second after two Months and destroyed them both He spared Jerusalem being moved to Jerusalem spared compassion by the submission of the Jews and out of the respect he had for Jaddus the High Priest Then he passed into Aegypt which submitted to him more Aegypt submits willingly because it endured with regret the Persian Yoak Of the World 3673 before Ch. 332. He took measures for the Building of The Foundation of Alexandria Alexandria on the Banks of Nyle while â—his Ingenier Dinocrates was there at work Alexander visited the Temple of Jupiter Alexander visits the Temple of Jupiter Ammon Hammon in the desart of Libia He was there declared the Son of that God he went back into Aegypt and from thence into Siria from whence he passed beyond Euphrates and Tygris to meet Darius who had gathered together an Army of a Million of Men. Alexander conquered him in the plains The Battle of Arbella of Arbella where Darius escaping out of the Battle was killed in his Flight by the conspiring of Bessus and of Narbazanâ—â— The Death of Darius two of his principal Satrapes who were afterwards punisht by Alexander as their Crime deserved Of the World 3674 before Ch. 330. Thus ended the Empire of the Persians which began 208 Years before in the person of Cyrus passing after the death
of Darius Codomanus to the Macedonians in The Empire of the Macedonians the person of Alexander Of the World 3675 before Ch. 329. It is remarkt what happened to him in that time with Talestris Queen of the Amazons Thalestris Queen of the Amazons A War against the Scythians who came to visit him in Hircaniâ— on the Banks of the Caspian Sea The War he afterwards undertook against the Scythians which proved unfortunate to him made him repass the Caâ—â—casus at the foot of which he founded aâ— second Alexandria The Conspiracy of Parmenio and oâ— The Conspiracy of Parmenio and Phylotas The Death of Clytus and Calisthenes his Son Phylotas cost both of them their lives The Death of Clytus and of Calistheneâ— the Phylosopher the first killed by Alexander himself in a Debauch the other by the hands of an Executioner being suspected to have conspired against Alexander Of the World 3676 before Ch. 328. Alexander advancing towards Indus Taxilis Taxilis a King whose Country lay on thiâ— side of that River submitted voluntarily to him so did Omphis another Indiaâ— Omphis King who lived beyond the same River But Porus the greatest King of that Porus. Country having opposed him was overcome and made a Prisoner and in the end treated very honourably by the Conqueror Of the World 3677 before Ch. 229. History does not forget to remark the The Death of Bucephalus Funeral Honours which Alexander caused to be paid to his Horse Bucephalus And the City he ordered to be built about his Tomb by the name of Bucephalia on the River Hydaspes His Army being arrived on the borders of Hypanis refused by a kind of Mutiny to pass further so that Alexander was Alexander returns He visits the Ocean forc'd to return back In his return he surveyed the Mouths of the River Indus and sailed for a while on the Ocean then taking his course along the Sea-side The loss of a great part of his Army by the great Droughts excessive Heat and want of Water and Provisions he lost three parts of his Army He arrived with the Remainder at Pasargade in Persia from thence marcht to Susa where Calanus the Calanus the Gimnosophyst Indian Gimnosophyst burnt himself because he found his Health begin to decay after he had enjoyed it perfectly for the space of Seventy Years Alexander being at Ecbatana in Parthia lost his dear Ephestion who died of a Debauch The Death of Ephestion of Wine Among his various expresses of Grief for his loss he often uttered some cruel ones and some very ridiculous He came to Babylon contrary to the Advice Alexander at Babylon and Council of the Caldeans who foretold that his coming there would prove Fatal He staid there some time and departed Laughing at the Prognosticators he took a Survey of the Mouth of Euphrates and there received the account of Nearchus and Onesicritus to whom he had given order to view the Coasts between the Mouths of the River Indus and Euphrates being return'd to Babylon giving His Return himself up to extraordinary Debauches of Wine died either by those Excesses or His Death of Poison given him by his greatest Familiars he lived but 32 Years of which he had Reigned 12. His Death happened in the first Year of the 114th Olimpiad and at the 449th Year from the Foundation of Rome Of the World 3681 before Christ 323. He left a Bastard Son named Hercules and his Wife Roxalana big with Child who was brought to Bed of a Son called after his Name these two Sons with Philip His Sons Arideus brother to Alexander acknowledged Arideus his Brother Perdiccas Governor of the Kings Kings by the Mecedonians under the Tuition of Perdiccas the two first by reason of their Childhood and the third in regard of the weakness of his Understanding The other Friends of Alexander shared among them his Conquests under the Titles of Governors which they assumed during the Life of those Kings But after that by the Fraud and Cunning of Olimpias and Antipater they were destroyed Their Death each of them took the Title of Sovereign in his Government It was not long before they fell to War among themselves by which the chief of them were ruined Perdiccas the first march'd into Aegypt The Death of Perdiccas Ptolomy King of Aegypt against Ptolomy the Son of Lagus and was there killed in Battle by Ptolomy who by that Victory was fully establish'd in that Monarchy and joyned to Aegypt Cyrenaica and part of Arabia Craterus had shared Macedonia and the Craterus killed rest of Greece with Antipater But Craterus having past into Asia against Eumenes was there kill'd in Battle Of the World 3680 before Ch. 320. Eumenes a-while after had the same Fate Eumenes killed by Antigonus who thus remain'd Master of a great part of Asia the Lesser having killed in Battle Lysimachus After which Lysimachus kill'd Antigonus was likewise slain in a Battle against Seleucus Demetrius the Son of Antigonus after he had restored Liberty to the ancient Republicks of Greece and had made himself Master of Macedonia lost it again and fell into the Hands of his Son-in-Law Seleucus Nicanor who kept him Prisoner tho' very honourably and most commodiously in a Peninsula of Syria where Demetrius The Death of Demetrius gave himself up excessively to his Pleasures died at the end of three Years Antipater Cassander and his other Sons the Death of Olimpias Antipater Cassander and his other Sons who had a hand in the Death of the Kings and in that of Olimpias they perish'd all in the space of twelve Years Thus the whole Succession of Alexander was divided into three Kingdoms That of the Selucides comprehended Mesopotamia The Selucides in Asia Syria and Asia the Lesser under Seleucus Nicanor who gave Name to this Dinasty Of the World 3692. before Ch. 312. That of the Ptolomy's comprizing Aegypt The Ptolomy ' s in Aegypt Cyrenaica with a part of Arabia under Ptolomy the Son of Lagus That of Macedonia under the young Antigonus Of Macedonia under the young Antigonus Philosophers who became Master there after that Pyrrhus who had disputed it with him was gone into Italy At this time lived Democritus Heraclitus and Zeno Prince of the Stoicks Euclid chief of the Mathematicians and Epicurus who kept two Schools in Asia one at Lampsasche and the other at Mytelene The Indians shook off the Macedonian The Indians set at Liberty Yoke having valiantly repuls'd Selucus who was advanc'd towards them to keep them in Obedience Of the World 3700 before Ch. 304. At his Return from this Voyage he The Foundation of Antioch and of Selucia founded two Cities in the same Year Antioch on the River Orontes in Syria and Selucia upon the Tygris the first after the Name of his Son Antiochus and the second after his own Name Of the World 3704
Son of the Lacedemonian General Of the World 3807 before Ch. 197. The Syrian War was not less glorious to The Syrian War the Romans Hannibal being retired to Antiochus the Great whom he perswaded to declare War against them which proved unfortunate to him For the Romans first beat him at the famous Pass of Thermopolis and again on the Banks of Meander in Asia under the Conduct of Lucius Scipio Lucius Scipio Asiaticus from thence Sur-named the Asiatick His Brother Cornelius the African having been his Lieutenant in this Expedition Of the World 3813. before Ch. 191. Four Years after Antiochus having been Kings of Syria killed by the Persians near the Temple of Jupiter Elemais his Son Seleucus Phylopater succeeded him in the Kingdom of Syria Of the World 3817 before Ch. 187. Hannibal poison'd himself having discover'd The Death of Hannibal that Prusias King of Bythinia designed to deliver him up to the Romans Of the World 3822 before Ch. 182. In the third Chapter of the second Book of the Maccabees is to be read what happened to Heliodorus when he attempted The History of Heliodorus to plunder the Temple of Jerusalem Of the World 3828 before Ch. 176. At his return from Judea Heliodorus killed Seleucus and so made himself Master of the Kingdom of Syria but did not long Kings of the Kingdom of Syria Antiochus Epiphanes enjoy it for he was soon after slain by Antiochus Epiphanes Brother to Seleucus This Antiochus had been given a Hostage to the Romans by his Father Antiochus the Great Seleucus his Brother disengaged him by sending his own Son Demetrius in his place So that in the Nephew's absence it was easie for the Uncle to usurp the Kingdom of Syria The Romans did nor then oppose Antiochus but as he was entring into Aegypt against the Pupils their two Brothers Ptolomeus Phylometer and Everietes the Second Successors to their Father Ptolomeus Epiphanes they sent him a Kings of Aegypt Command by Papilius Laena who was then Pro-Consul of Asia not to molest the young Aegyptian Kings In returning from Aegypt this enraged Prince brought those Calamities upon the Jews which are set down in the Second The Jews persecuted by Antiochus Book of the Maccabees Chap. 4 5 6. And by Josephus in his Twelfth Book and the Sixth Chapter in the Fifteenth Book and the Third Chapter of the Jewish Antiquities Of the World 3836 before Ch. 168. In the mean time the Romans became The Conquest of Illyria by the Romans Masters of Illyria by defeating Gentius King of that Country and also of Macedonia which they took from Perseus who was carried in Triumph to Rome by the Consul Paulus Aemilius Of the World 3838 before Ch. 168. Judas Maccabeus that Illustrious Jew Judas Maccabeus revenged the Injuries done to his Nation upon the Lieutenants of Antiochus who preparing to enter into Judea against Maccabeus The Death of Antiochus Epiphanes met with an unfortunate End described in the Book of the Maccabees and in those of Josephus Of the World 3840 before Ch. 164. His Son Antiochus Eupater succeeded him at Nine Years of Age and was under the Tuition of Lysias his Father's Friend But two Years after the Guardian and his Pupil were killed by Demetrius Son of Seleucus who being escap'd from Rome was acknowledg'd King by the Syrians Of the Kings of Syria World 3842 before Ch. 162. His Lieutenants with an Army of Forty thousand Men overwhelmed Judas Maccabeus The Death of Judas Maccabeus who had the Courage to meet them only with Eight hundred Men. He had for his Successor to Command the Jewish Army his Brother Jonathas Of the World 3843 before Ch. 161. Alexander Balas calling himself the Son of Antiochus Epiphanes made himself Master of Syria having killed in Battle his Cousin Demetrius Soter This new King was a Friend to Jonathas Jonathas High-Priest by which means he obtained the Dignity of High-Priest and deposed the wicked Alcymius who had taken that Title upon him Onias Son to Onias the Great finding himself by this means excluded from this The Affairs of the Jews Soveraign Dignity in Jerusalem retir'd to exercise it in Aegypt among the Jews who lived there Having obtained of Philometer leave to build a Temple near Memphis not unlike that of Jerusalem Of the World 3856 before Ch. 148. A false Philip not long before had been A false Philip. driven out of Macedonia by the Romans they soon after had the same advantage A false Perseus over a false Perseus And the Achaians by favouring the latter exposed their Country to the Victorious Arms of the Romans This War ended by the Ruine of Corinth The Ruine of Corinth Polybius under the Consul Mumius Polybius a Native of that City who had followed his Disciple Scipio Aemilianus into Africk hearing of the Misfortune of his Country went thither to save some Remains of its ancient and precious Monuments Of the World 3858 before Ch. 146. The same Year was also remarkable for The Ruinâ— of Carthage Scipio Aemilianus Africanus the Destruction of Carthage Scipio Aemilianus took it and destroyed it by the Order of the Senate The third and last Punick War ending in that manner who at the same time acquired the Sur-name of Africanus as his Father by Adoption had done This happen'd in the third Year of the 158th Olimpiad Ptolomy Phylometer took away his Daughter Cleopatra from Balas then killed him in a Battle and gave Cleopatra to Demetrius Kings of Syria Nicator Son of Soter who by that means put himself in possession of the Kingdom of Syria Of the World 3859 before Christ 145. Phylometer being dead a little while after Everietes the Second his Brother married his Widow Cleopatra Sister to them Kings of Aegypt both and killed a Son she had by her first Husband So Everietes Reigned sole King of Aegypt Of the World 3861 before Ch. 143. In Syria Tryphon who was a Friend to Balas made Antiochus the Son of Balas to be acknowledged King at Antioch with so much the less trouble by reason Demetrius Nicator was taken Prisoner in a Battle by the Parthians The vanquish'd being honourably treated by the Victors married Rodoguna Daughter to their King Cleopatra hearing this married Antiochus Sydetes Brother to her Husband Demetrius So Sydetes was acknowledged King of the Syrians having overcome and killed in Battle Tryphon who pretended to the Crown of Syria after he had killed his Pupil young Antiochus Of the World 3866 before Ch. 138. Jonathas had been murthered by this The Jewish Aâ—â—airs Tryphon Symon Brother to Jonathas who succeeded him in the Principality and High-Priesthood of the Jews assisted Sydetes to defeat Tryphon and was killed a while after by his Father-in-Law Ptolomy the Son of Abobus his Son John Hircanus succeeded in his place Of the World 3869 before Ch. 135. The Romans seized on the Treasures
The End of the Kingdom of Pergamus and of the Kingdom of Attalus the last King of Pergamus under pretence he had made them his Heirs Scipio Aemilianus Africanus added to his Sur-name that of Numantinus having taken The taking of Numantia and ruined Numantia the only City in Spain had given Refuge to the remaining Party of the Carthaginians Of the World 3872 before Ch. 132. Demetrius Nicator set at Liberty by the Parthians killed in Battle his Brother Sydetes Kings of Syria Afterwards he was overcome by Sabynus whom Everietes the Second had sent to be King of the Parthians at their Request Of the World 3876. before Ch. 128. Nicator having been murthered in his escape by his Wife Cleopatra she caused her Son Antiochus whom she had by Nicator to be received as King Afterwards the young King having discovered that his Mother designed to have poyson'd him forc'd her to take that Poyson she had prepared for him Of the World 3882 before Ch. 122. In Aegypt Ptolomy Everictes called also Kings of Aegypt Physcon after the Death of Cleopatra his Wife his Sister and Sister-in-Law married the young Cleopatra Daughter of the other Cleopatra and of Phylometer their Brother He left two Sons by the young Cleopatra which were Ptolomy Laturus and Alexander under the Tuition of their Mother Of the World 3888 before Ch. 116. Two Antiochus's one Sur-named Grypus Of Syria Son of Nicator the other Cyzicenus Son of Sydetes disputed the Kingdom of Syria John Hircan took this occasion to set at liberty his Nation seized on Samaria and ruined the Temple which Manasses Brother to Jaddus had built there Two hundred Years before and subdued the Idumeans whom he compelled to be circumcised Of the World 3898 before Christ 106. After his Death Judas Aristobulus's Son The first King of the Jews after their Captivity took the Title of King His Reign was short for he died about a Year after with great Regret that he had killed his Brother Absalon Antigonus Alexander Jamnes whom he had put in Prison was set at Liberty and plac'd on the Throne and at the same time made High-Priest Of the World 3899. before Ch. 105. Grypus having been murthered by the Treason of his own Subjects and Cyzicenus killed in Battle by Seleucus the Son of Gryphus and Seleucus likewise slain in Battle by Philip the Son of Cyzicenus Of â—â—â—gs of Syria the World 3907 before Ch. 97. the Kingdom was disputed between that Philip and Antiochus Son of Seleucus Of the World 3911 before Ch. 93. In the mean time the Romans had past the Alps subdued the Country of the Allobroges and of the Saliens with that part of the Country called the Roman Province and Gallia Narbonensis These happy Successes abroad were disturbed by intestine Divisions between the Senate and the People supported by their Tribunes Tiberius and Cains Gracchus who there lost both their Lives Marius who began to make himself Marius considerable took the Plebeans part by whose Favour he had Commission to go and finish the War against Jugurtha King of Numidia who had declared himself Enemy to the Romans having put to Death his two Brothers Adherbal and Hiemsal Sons to Micipsa Allies to the Romans as their Father had been Marius triumph'd over Jugurtha having overcome and taken Jugurtha Defeated and made a Prisoner by Marius The Defeat of the Cimbrians and the Teutons Bellum Sociale him in Battle This Defeat of Jugurtha was attended with that of the Cimbrians and Teutons who were defeated by Marius first on the Banks of the Rhone and after that in Italy The same Marius made an end also of the War in Italy called Bellum Sociale because many People of the adjacent Country had made a League against the Romans demanding a Right of Pretension to the Offices and Dignities of that City All what is before-mentioned in the Roman Affairs was transacted between the Year 629 and 663 from the Foundation of Rome The Syrians wearied with the Civil Wars between their last Kings the Selucides The Syrians give up their Kingdom to Tygranes King of Armenia Mithridates King of Pontus gave the Crown to Tygranes King of Armehia an Ally of the most powerful Mithridates King of Pontus who having attack'd Nicomedes King of Bythinia and Ariobarzanes King of Cappadocia Allies of the Romans occasioned a long War This King in the first War was overcome by Sylla who gave such Conditions of Peace to the Vanquish'd as he pleased Then Sylla hastned his Return to Rome in order to oppose the Faction of Marsus These two Competitors being so powerful The first Civil War among the Romans in the Commonwealth by their Ambition occasioned the first Civil War among the Romans Marius who had been six times Consul Marius overcome and killed by Sylla pâ—rpetual Dictator His Death was there overcome and killed by Sylla who became Master of Rome and made himself perpetual Dictator yet he divested himself of that Sovereign Dignity sometime before his Death which was occasioned by the lousie Disease Mithridates having renewed the War Thâ— Second War against Mithridates overcome by Lucullus Pompey ' s Exploâ—â—s was often defeated by Lucullus to whom Pompey was sent to succeed to carry on that War Pompey had already gloriously acquitted himself in the Civil War where he was oâ— Sylla's Party At Twenty four Years oâ— Age he had triumph'd for his Victories in Sertorius overcome and killed Spain where he overcame and killed Sertorius who took Marius's part He had drove out the Gladiators supported by the Power of Spartacus He did the same With Spartacus chief of the Gladiators The Pyrates defeated to the Pyrates of Cilica who infested the Seas The like good Fortune attended him in the War against Mithridates He forc'd him from that side of the River and from Tygris where he was at last reduc'd to that Extremity that the miserable King The Death of Mithridates forsaken by his own People was constrained by his Son Pharnaces to kill himself Pompey having likewise reduced Tygranes King of Armenia to accept those Conditions of Peace he imposed on him returning into Syria stopt at Damas and there Pompey in Syriâ— was informed of the Difference between the two Brothers Hircanus and Aristobulus Sons of Alexander Jamne and of Alexandra King and Queen of the Jews This Queen after the Death of her Husband had most prudently Governed the Kingdom as Guardianess of her Children for the space of Nine Years But they quarrelled and made War one against the other After her Death Pompey commanded them to lay down their Arms and imposed certain Conditions which not being observed by Aristobulus Pompey besieged him and took him at Jerusalem and brought him Prisoner to Rome leaving the High-Priesthood to Hircan forbidding him to take the Name of King He put the Government of the Kingdom into the Hands of Antipater the Father of
Lepidus who commanded in that Province Of the World 3961. before Ch. 43. But their mutual Interests having obliged them to a Reconciliation in order to revenge the Death of Caesar and to oppose the power of his Murtherers favoured by the Senate these three Men made themselves Masters of the Republick by joining together and forming the famous The Triumvirat Triumvirate so fatal to many illustrious Persons of the Roman Empire Of the World 3962 before Ch. 42. Lepidus one of the Triumvirs stayed in Italy while the other two Octavius and Anothony passed the Seas to make War against Marcus Brutus and Caius Cassius who had great Forces in Greece That Affair was ended in a Battle near The Battle of Philippi Philippi in Macedonia Caius Cassius overcome by Anthony killed himself fearing the same fate had fallen on Brutus his Collegue but it fell out contrary he having The Death of Cassius and Brutus had some advantage over Octavius But the next day the two Armys again joining Battle Brutus was defeated and killed himself in Despair Of the World 3964 before Ch. 40. After this Victory the two Conquerers The Alliance between Octavius and Anthony allied themselves by Marriage Octavius Marrying Antonia Daughter to Anthony and Anthony with Octavia Sister to Octavius tho' she was a Widow a little before and with Child by Marcellus her first Husband These two Triumvers having little regard for their Colleague Lepidus divided They divide the Provinces between them between them the Provinces of the Empire Octavius took those of the West and Anthony those of the East Of the World 3968 before Ch. 36. Sextus Pompeius had considerable Forces Sextus Pompeius chiefly Naval on the Coasts of Sicily and all along the Eastern part of Italy Octavius made use of the Forces of Lapidus to Defeat Sextus Pompeius so that this last Son of Pompey the Great being forsaken of all fled into Asia where he fell into His Death the hands of Anthony's Party who killed him After that Octavius having corrupted the Army of Lepidus this Triumvir was reduct being abandoned by all to obey Octavius his Command who banish'd him to a little Island in the Mediteranean Lepidus ' s Death where he died an Exile Anthony having attackt the Parthians Anthonys War a-against the Parthians that War proved fatal to him for he there lost a great part of his Army yet with the remainder he made a safe and honourable Retreat Antigonus Son to Aristobulus by the help of the Parthians was establisht in Judea in the time of the civil War between the Romans but these great Disorders being some what appeased Herod favoured by Anthony his intimate Friend first of all made use of the Forces Ventidius commanded in Syria after that more effectually of those commanded by Sosius with which he besieged and took Jerusalem where The Death of Antigonus Antigonus was who falling into the hands of his Enemys was Beheaded Whereupon Herod having been already declared Herod King of the Jews King of the Jews by the Senate establish'd himself in that Dignity Anthony fell Passionately in Love with Cleopatra Anothony in Love with Cleopatra past his time at Alexandria in a shameful manner while Octavius was preparing to make War against him under pretence of the high Injury his Sister Octavia received by this disloyal Love of Anthony her Husband At last the business being come to an open Rupture the Affairs ended by one Naval Battle between the two Parties it was fought in view of the Promontary of Actium Anthony lost the day by deserting his The Battle of Actium Fleet to follow Cleopatra who retreated with her ships at the beginning of the Fight he followed her to Alexandria whereupon a false report raised by her means that she had killed her self gave himself a mortal Wound but being immediately The Death of Anthony after assured Cleopatra was living he caused himself to be carried where she was and died in her Arms. So Octavius who from that time was Octovius Augustus Master of the Roman Empire called Augustus became sole Master of all that belonged to the Republick it was from that Battle and from the Death of Anthony History begins to reckon the Forty Four Years that Augustus Reigned alone He came frequently after to Alexandria The Death of Cleopatra where having seized on Cleopatra she frustrated his Design notwithstanding all the care he took to preserve her Life Intending her for the chief Ornament of his Triumph to avoid which she killed her self applying a Serpent to her Arm which was brought to her in a Basket of Figs. In her ended the Line of the Ptolomys who had Reigned in Aegypt since the The end of the Kingdom of Aegypt death of Alexander to that time the Kingdom being reduc'd to a Provinee by Augustus He employed the two following years to set in order the Affairs of the East then he returned to Rome where he celebrated three Triumphs that of Actium of Dalmatia Augustus his Triumphs and of Alexandria with that vast Magnificence which had never been shown before After he had been powerfully setled in the Soveraignty he exprest a desire to His Soveranity over all the Empire divest himself of it but the Senate and People inured to servitude hindred him from executing his design whether true or feigned conferring on him excessive Honours with an absolute power over all the Empire Of the World 3977 before Ch. 27. He did not abuse his Power for his Government His Wisdom in Governing was such That the Romans never regretted the loss of their liberty under his Reign The Reputation he required by the clemency of his Government was spread about even to all Foreign Nations of His good Fortune which some of the most Barbarous and most remote courted his Friendship and and Alliance as the Indians but above all the Parthians who not only rendered him the Ensigns taken from him at the defeat of Crassus and that of Anthony with all the Prisoners taken at the last Battle but that which never happened to this Warlike Nation they presented him with two Sons of their King in Hostage as a pledge of their Treaty This great prosperity was only disturbed by some small losses on the Frontiers of the Empire The most considerable and which most afflicted him was the loss of the Legions commanded by Varus in The losâ— of Varus Germany who were surpized and cut in pieces by the Germans But Augustus so happy in all other respects The inward troubles of Augustus had great Domestick Troubles by the irregular conduct of the two Julias Mother and Daughter One his Daughter the other his Grand-daughter by the Death of his two Grand-sons Caius and Lucius whom he had adopted and as it was thought designed them for his Successors to the Empire also by the Death of Drusus Son to his Wife Livia
whom he had Married to his Neice the Young Antonia In fine by the conduct of his dear Livia who was suspected to have contrived the Death of his two Grandsons to advance her own Son Tiberius All these things happened in the space of 22 Years from the 7th Consâ—lat of Augustus to the end of that Age which was the sixth of the World and the beginning of the seventh Age of the World Of the World 3999 before Ch. 5. The Birth of our Saviour Jesus Christ The Birth of Jesus Christ the Son of God God blessed for ever made Man to save us Born of a Vingin in Bethlem of Judah Of the World 4000. Herod had been of Anthonys's Party yet Herod the Great having found means to gain the favour of Augustus the Emperor had fixt him in the His good Fortune Throne of Judea This King though he was fortunate in His Domestick Misfortunes all other respects had yet very great intestine Troubles He had put to Death his Wife Mariamne who was of the Blood Royal of the Asmoneans together with two Sons he had by her Alexander and Aristobulus He was also the Death of Hircanus Grand-father of Mariamne and Aristobulus Brother to that Princess with Alexandra their Mother Towards the end of his Life he put to Death Antipater his eldest Son he had by Cypris one of his Wives at last having attempted to put Jesus Christ to Death by destroying many Innocents He died of a Disease both Shameful and Painful Of the World 4003 His Death before Ch. 1. The beginning of the vulgar Christian The Christian Aera Aera The First Age. AUgustus banish'd Archelaus Son to Herod Archelauâ— Banish'd Coponius President of Indea to Vienna in Gaule and put Judea under the Government of a President the first who had that charge was Coponius a Roman Knight From Christ 3. Augustus made the last numbring of the The number of the Roman Citizens Roman Citizens which were computed to be Four Millions One Hundred Thirty-Seven Thousand as well in Rome as in the Collonies of the Provinces He died a little while after in the 77th Augustus Death Year of his Age in the 57th of his Empire counting from the Death of Julius Caesar From Christ 13. Among the rare Qualities of Julius and Augustus they were both Learned and very great favourers of Learning under Learned Men. their two Reigns flourish'd Leucretius the Poet and Phylosopher Terentius Varo the most Learned of the Romans Vitruvius Prince of Architects denies of Halicarnassus and Titus Livius Historians who writ the Roman History the first in Greek the second in Latin Strabo the Geographer Catullus Tibullus Prospertius Virgil Cornelius Gallus Horace Ovid Poets Crispus Salustus Historians and Orators Cicero Orator and Philosopher Tiberius the Son of Livia the Wife of Tiberius Emperor Augustus adopted by this Emperor succeeded him in the Empire Augustus when he adopted him obliged him to adopt Germanicus Son to Drusus Germanicus his Death Brother to Tiberius and Nephew to Augustus by Antonia Daughter of Octavius and of Mark Anthony But Tiberius being jealous of the Affection the Romans had for Germanicus Poisoned him Tiberius wearied with the Fatigue of Tiberius retires to Caprea Elius Sejanus Governing put it into the hands of Eliuâ— Sejanus his Favorite and retired into the Isle of Caprea where he gave himself wholly up to all kinds of infamous Debaucheries The Holy Evangelists have mentioned nothing since the Birth of our Saviour Jesus Christ but of his flight into Aegypt of his return to Nazareth and of finding Him at the Age of Twelve Years Old among the Doctors of the Law in the Temple of Jerusalem they began to write more perticularly his History from his Baptism and the Preaching of St. John the Baptist relating all along what our Saviour did and spoke from that time to his Death and then of the glorious circumstances of his Resurrection and at last of his Triumphant Ascention into Heaven Tiberus abandoned Elius Sejanus to the fury of the Roman People who could no longer endure the Injustice and Cruelties of this insolent Favorite The Senate The Death of Sejanus condemned him to die and his Body to be draged through the Streets From Christ 36. Not long after Tiberius worn out with Tiberius his Death old Age and Debaucheries died leaving no Issue so Caius Caligula the Son of Cailus Caligula Germanicus came to the Empire with the applause of Senate and People as well by reason this Prince appeared at first endeued with good Qualities as also for the Meof his Father Germanicus who was in great esteem by the Romans The Martirdom of St. Steven the Baptizing of the Eunuch of Candace Queen of Ethiopia the Conversion of the Samaritans and of Saul called afterwards Paul are to be read in the Acts of the Apostles From Christ 39. Caligula discovering his own cruel The Horid Life of Caligula Nature gave himself up to all kinds of Debaucheries Injustice and Cruelty and to such an insolent Pride that he caused Adoration and Sacrifice to be made to his Images He likewise commanded one to be set up in the Temple of Jerusalem which occasioned that miserable Nation to be reduc'd to a most lamentable condition At length the World not being able longer to endure this Monster he His Death was killed by the Conspiracy of the Senate with his most familiar Domesticks From Christ 40. Claudius his Uncle Brother to Germanicus Claudius his Successor succeeded him Agrippa Son to Aristobulus and Grandson Agrippa King of the Jews to Herod the Great had been Favorite to Galigua he was also in great favour with Claudius so that he possest all that his Grand-father enjoyed with the Title of the Kingdom excepting Cesarea where the Roman Governor made his usual Residence From Christ 42. This King being come to Jerusalem did The Death of St. James Agrippas ' s Death there cut off St. James his Head and imprisoned St. Peter concerning which with the unfortunate end of Agrippa is fully set down in the Acts of the Apostles Claudius subdued Great Britain and Triumph'd for it From Christ 43. The Faithful Disciples of Jesus Christ The namâ— of Christians The Voyages of St. Paul and Barnabas encreasing began to be called Christians which first happened at Antioach St. Paul and St. Barnabas having the care of that flourishing Church The Voyages of those two Apostles the Miracles that attended them their Preaching with their happy Success are at large described in the Acts of the Apostles where likewise is to be read the dispute of the pretended necessity of Circumcision which was decided by the Apostles and the Elders of the Church of Jerusalem at a Counsel held there From Christ 49. Claudius died Poisoned by his second The Death of Claudius Wife Agripina who was his Neice She had by her first Husband
Domitius a Son called Nero who by the help and means Nero his Successâ—r of his Mother came to be Emperor the Mother and the Son Poisoned Britanicus whom Claudius had by Messalina his first Wife The Voyages and Travels of St. Paul and his Imprisonment are at large set down in the Acts of the Apostles From Christ 58. Young Agrippa Son to him who died Young Agrippa King of the Jews struck by an Angel was plac'd on the Throne of his Father by Nero This young King took away the High-Priesthood from Ananias because he had put to Death St. James the Son of Alpheus The Death of St. James the Son of Alpheus whose Sanctity was so highly revered by the Jews that Josephus attributes to his Death all the misfortunes that happened to that Nation Nero who had appeared Wise Just Neros ' s Debauches and Cruelties and Clement for the first Five Years of his Reign afterwards gave himself up to all kind of Impieties Injustice and Cruelties killed his Wife Octavia and Seneca his Tutor with many other persons of Quality Colonia Agripina and at last his own Mother Agripina it was she who founded a Colony on the Rhine that still retains her Name In the mean time Corbulon maintained Corbulons Exploits in Armenia with Glory the Honour of the Roman Empire in Armenia and forced Tyridates Tyridates at Rome Brother of Volgeses King of the Parthians to come to Rome and there to take the Title of King and his Crown from the hands of the Emperor In Great Britain the Romans did not succeed The War in Great Britain Bonduca so happily for the Britains revolted under the Conduct of their Queen Bonduca and though this brave Princess was killed in a Battle the Peace made afterwards was most shameful to the Romans From Christ 61. Nero burns Rome Nero burnt Rome and accused the Christians to have been the Incendiaries And under that pretence raised a most cruel Persecutes the Christians The War against the Jews Persecution against them From Christ 65. The War against the Jews began upon the occasion of opposing the Roman Officers who exacted very great Tributes from that miserable Nation Cestius Gallus besieged Jerusalem took The Siege of Jerusalem the lower part of the City but on a sudden he raised the Siege without any apparent Cause But Heaven decreed it so to save the Christian Church which retired for safety to a little Village called Pella a little beyond the River Jordan From Christ 66. In the mean time Nero went into Greece Nero in Greece where he made himself as despicable as he was at Rome exposing his Person and Dignity upon Theaters and at Races where he play'd the Comedian and the Charrioteer He attempted but in vain to cut the Isthmus of Corinth to joyn the two Seas the Ionian and the Aegrean From Christ 67. Upon the News of the Revolt of his Armies in the West he returned to Rome where finding himself at last abandoned even by all the World he fled basely then fell into Despair stabb'd himself and Nero ' s Death died From Christ 68. Sergius Galba already proclaimed Emperor Galba his Successor by the Army in Spain and in Gaul came to Rome and was there received as Emperor by the Senate and the People of Rome Most Ecclesiastick Writers remark about this time the Martyrdom of St. Peter and St. Paul It is most certain that they sealed their Faith and Doctrine by the effusion of their Blood but cannot tell exactly in what Year Clementius Romanus is the only ancient Writer who mentions their Martyrdom says nothing more in his Epistle to the Corinthians but that they suffered under the Emperors without naming which of them From Christ 69. Galba aged Seventy four Years having not Reigned one compleat Year was killed Galba killed by Otho his Successor by Otho who by that means seized on the Empire yet Reigned a shorter time than his Predecessor For Vitellius being proclaimed Emperor by the Army in Germany being come into Italy the two Competitors fought a Battle at Brebia in Gaule-Cisalpine where Otho being worsted would Otho overcome and killed not tempt his Fortune a second time but killed himself and left Vitellius Master of the Empire From Christ 70. But the Armies of the East having given up the Empire to their General Vespatian his Lieutenants in Italy pressed Vitellius so forcibly that having defeated his Vitellius killed Army they took him Prisoner in Rome and there killed him Vespatian coming into Italy and finding Vespatian Emperor the Business done was received at Rome with great applause by the Senate and People joyful to find themselves delivered from those last Emperors whose scandalous Reputation caused all Nations to dread their Government Vespatian in Nero's Reign had begun a The War against the Jews War against the Jews He had defeated their Forces in the Field took all their Towns except Jerusalem which he besieged Coming into Italy he left his Son Titus to make an end of that War which The Ruine of Jerusalem he did by taking and destroying Jerusalem The dreadful Calamities that happened to that miserable City during the Siege by the unnatural Divisions of their Fellow-Citizens with the rest of that lamentable Tragick Story may be read with horror in Josephus's Book who was an Eye-witness of the Ruine of his Country The Roman Historians make mention of The Triumph of Titus the magnificent Triumph Titus made at his Return to Rome From Christ 71. Vespatian Reigned Nine Years worthy Vespatian his Death of great Praise in all things except his Aâ—â—rice His Son Titus stil'd The Delight of Mankind Titus his Successor succeeded him While he applied himself to make his Reign perfectly happy a dreadful Fire wasted Rome and another at Campania by the Fire broke out at Vesuvius These two Misfortunes gave occasion to the good Emperor to bestow his Liberality to a great Number of miserable People whom these Accidents had reduc'd to extream Poverty From Christ 79. Titus having Reigned but two Years died bewailing himself that his Life was Titus ' s Death taken away so soon protesting he had done but one thing to be repented of Which made some believe that it was to have associated his Brother Domitian to the Domitian his Successor Empire who was endowed with as many ill Qualities as Titus was possest with good ones He was covetous unjust and most His ill Qualities cruel to the Romans in general and to the Christians in particular who felt it very much all the time of his Reign He put to Death a great Number of the Noblest Citizens and plundered the Goods of the richest Families From Christ 81. He raised up a bloody Persecution among He persecutes the Christians the Christians In the Number of those who were Crowned with Martyrdom Lynus and Cletus Bishops
more than Seventy Antoninus ' â— Death Years From Christ 261. Marcus Aurelius whom Antoninus had Marcus Aurelius Lucius Verus Successors Anicetus Bishop of Rome Adopted and Lucius Verus Adopted by Aurelius succeeded him Anicetus Bishop of Rome Justin the Apologist for the Christians with a great Number of others were Crowned Martyrs in the Persecution Marcus Aurelius raised up against them From Christ 162. War against the Parthians In the beginning of his Reign he had sent his Colleague to make War against the Parthians but Lucius Verus a debauch'd Man staying at Antioch to take his Pleasures sent his Lieutenants upon that Expedition which proved very successful to the Romans the Parthians having been defeated in many Rencounters From Christ 165. Polycarpus Bishop of Smirna and Disciple St. Polycarp of St. John the Evangelist ended his long Life by a glorious Martyrdom In like manner suffered Photinus Bishop Martyrs of Lyons of Lyons where many of his Flock instructed by him in their Faith received the same Happiness From Christ 167. Lucius Verus died as he came back from Lucius Verus ' s Death Illyria with Marcus Aurelius After his Death Marcus Aurelius found him better dispos'd to receive the Apologies presented Apologies for the Christians to him by Meliton Bishop of Sardis and the Philosopher Athenagâ—ras who so far prevailed to mitigate the Persecution Yet the Idolaters persevered to sacrifice many Christians to their Hate even at Rome Bishops of Rome where Soter Bishop and Successor to Anicetus suffered Martyrdom From Christ 170. The Persecution at length wholly ceased The Persecution ceases by the miraculous help that Aurelius received from Heaven by the fervent Prayers of the Christians which composed a Legion of the Army he had brought to fight against the Macromans This Legion was called the Thunderers The Thundering Legion because it had prevailed with Heaven to extirpate the Barbarians by a Tempest that discharged itself only upon them without falling on the Romans From Christ 173. Nevertheless Aurelius was forc'd to quit that War in order to compose a Civil A Civil War War broke out in Syria by the Pro-Consul Cassius Aurelius having happily concluded it The Exploit of Marcus Aurelius return'd to the Northern Parts against the Germans Panonians and Sarmatians all which he overcame with great Glory He died as he lived with that Constancy Marcus Aurelius ' s Death and Resolution worthy a Stoick Philosopher as he profess'd himself to be From Christ 180. His Son Commodus succeeded him in the Commodus ' s Son and Successor Empire but not in his Vertues The first five Years of his Reign were only remarkable for excessive Debaucheries From Christ 185. However the Church enjoying Peace Eleutherius Successor to Soter Bishop of Bishops of Rome Rome died of a Natural Death He was the first Bishop of that City who died so Many Hereticks disturbed this outward Hereticks Peace by their extravagant Opinions such as were those of the Adamites Abelites Sethites Ophytes and Cainites with others more dangerous as those of Theodâ—sien of Praxeus Hermogenes and of Artemâ—n Enemies to the Divinity of Jesus Christ. Tertullian a Priest of Lyons and Irenaeus Tertullian Irenaeus Bishop of Lyons disputed on the contrary for the true Doctrine by their Learned Works but the first had the Misfortune to yield to the Errors of Montanus and the Encratites The Learned Men who flourish'd since Trajan to this time were Appian Aelian Learned Men. Pausanias Justin the Abreviator of Trogus Pompeius Historians Ptolomy the Geographer Diogenes Laertius Athneus Apuleus Julius Pollux Maximus of Tyre Rhetoricians and Philosophers Marullus the Poet. Among the Christians Egesipus the Historian In the last Seven Years of Commodus the Empire was rendred desolate by the Plague and Famine and Rome particularly by a horrible Fire and by a terrible Earthquake This Monster of a Prince being not in the least reclaimed by all these Calamities still persevered in his most dissolute Debauches till the World being no longer able to suffer them he was poyson'd and Commodus ' s Death then strangled by a Faction of his own Domesticks From Christ 192. Helvius Pertinax chosen by the Conspirators Pertinax his Successor to succeed him was received with Joy by the Senate and People by reason of his good Qualities which recompenc'd the Meanness of his Birth But the Praetorian Bands suffering with Regret the want of those licentious Liberties to which they had been accustomed during the former Reign killed him within less than He is kill'd three Months After that the Murtherers retired and fortified themselves in their Camp crying out That the Empire was to be sold For in effect they bestowed it on Didius Julianus Didius Julianus his Successor who gave them more Money than was offered them by his Competitor Sulpitius Son-in-Law to Pertinax So the Senate and People chose an Emperor after this manner who in himself was very debauch'd From Christ 193. In the mean time three Generals of the Armies were proclaimed Emperors in three Three other Emperors several Provinces Pescenius Niger in Syria Albinus in Great Brittain Septimus Severus in Illyria and Panonia Severus being more politick than the others came into Italy with design as he said to incite the People to Revenge the Death of Pertinax The Senate encouraged by his Conduct Arraigned and Condemned Didius Julianus who was executed The Death of Didius Julianus Severus Emperor so that Severus coming to Rome was there received and acknowledged Emperour by the Senate and People The Year following he went into the East against Niger who was kill'd after The Death of Niger he had been overcome in a Battle in Cilicia From Christ 194. At that time there arose a Dispute touching The Dispute about Easter-Day the Day of the Celebration of Easter between Victor Bishop of Rome and the Bishops of Asia The Bishop of Rome would have it celebrated the Sunday after the 14th of the New Moon of March The others to be celebrated on the 14th of that Moon precisely on that Day of the Week it should happen From thence they were called the Quarto Decimans Quarto Decimans Tho' the Business was of no great Importance yet the learned Church-men were so inflamed by the Dispute that reciprocal Excommunations past between Victor Bishop of Rome and the Asian Bishops From Christ 197. Tho' Severus was overcome by Niger yet he had the good Fortune to defeat Albinus who afterwards killed himself near Thâ— Death of Albinus Lyons the Battle between them was so bloody that the River Arar thereby changed its Colour and was since called Sangone and by abbreviation Saone From Christ 198. The City of Lyons was of Albinus's side even all the Inhabitants were Christians Severus took that occasion to persecute Severus persecutes the Christians St. Ireneus Martyr the Faithful He put
to Death a great Number at Lyons and among them their holy Bishop Ireneus Severus spent the two last Years of this Age in making War against the Parthians from whom he took Babylon Ctesiphonte and all Mesopotamia From Christ 200. The Third Age. SEverus in his Return from that War came to Aegypt where he put to Death Severus â—n Aegypt many Christians who were constant in professing their Faith From Christ 201. Among others Leonidas a Citizen of Leonidas Martyr Alexandria Father to Origen who was about sixteen Years old Clement of Alexandria Clement the famous Master of that renowned Disciple did fly from the Cruelty of those Persecutors From Christ 203. Tertullian writ his Apologetick and Minutius Faelix his Octavius two excellent Minutius Faelix Pieces in favour of the Christians to defend them against the Calumnies thrown upon them Severus after he had triumph'd at Rome for his Parthian Conquest passed over to Great Brittain to reduce those Islanders Severus in Great Brittain who had revolted From Christ 208. Which he accomplish'd in one Year's time and after that stayed there two Years and there died of the Gout attended He there dies with an extream Grief occasioned by an inveterate Hatred between his two Caracalla and Geta his Sons and Successors Sons Bassianus Sur-named Caracalla and Getd From Christ 211. These two Brothers came to Rome by two different Ways where they were received by the Senate and People to reign together But their Hatred increased so highly between them that the eldest Brother The eldest kills his Brother killed the other in his Mother Julia's Arms. From Christ 213. Then he put to Death many great Persons because they would not approve of his Fratricide Among others the famous Civilian Papinian who being sollicited by Caracalla to defend the Murder he had committed answered him boldly That it was more easie to commit a Crime than to justifie it Papinian had for his Contemporaries Paulus and Caius of the same Profession Learned Men. Philostratus Alexander Aphroditius and Censorinus flourish'd at that time Bassianus Antoninus Caracalla being very much touch'd with Remorse for this horrid Crime and his other Cruelties which made him to be hated at Rome took occasion to depart from thence under pretence of making War against the Parthians While he was there thus employed Materianus Governor of Rome writ to advertize him that there was a Conspiracy against him of which Macrinus a Captain of the Praetorians was chief The Letter fell by chance into the Hands of Macrinus who having perused them hastened to accomplish his Design causing Caracalla to be killed by a Centinel and immediately Caracallas's Death the Centinel himself was Murchered that the Conspiracy might not be discovered by which means he got to have the principal charge of the Army and easily influenc'd them to proclaim him Emperor From Christ 217. Zepherinus Bishop of Rome and Successor to Victor died that Year Macrinus made a Peace with the Parthians Macrinus his Successor and retired to Antioch while he stayed there with his Son Diadumenes whom he had Associated to the Empire Maesa corrupted the Army in Phaenicia with Money and caused a Boy to be Proclaimed Emperor who was her Grandson by the Daughter she had of the Emperor Caracalla Macrinus at first despised that Faction which was headed only by an Old Woman and a Child but his Leiutenants having before been defeated The Death of Macrinus and Diadumenes he himself was afterwards slain in a Battle with Diadumenes his Son and Colleague So Bassianus better known by the name of Heliogabalus was first acknowledged Emperor in the East and afterwards at Rome Heliogabalus From Christ 218. The World endured this detestable Prince for the space of four Years at the end of which the Horrors of his monstrous Life being become insupportable to the very Soldiers they killed him From His Death Christ 222. His Cousin Germain Marcus Aurelius Alexander Severus his Successor Alexander Severus a Prince as Virtuous as his Predecessor had been Vitious was chose in his place Ulpian an excellent Civilian and the chiefest of the Praetorian Bands but an inveterate Enemy to the Christians put to Death a great many for confessing their Faith among whom was Calistus Successor Bishops of Rome to Zepherinus Bishop of Rome During the first Six Years of Alexander Severus the Empire was at Peace This Young but excellent Prince applied himself to redress the disorders which were introduc'd into all parts of the Empire in the time of the former Reigns From Ch. 228. He accumulated to this the Glory he acquired by his Arms in the War against War against the Persians the Persians Artaxates or Artaxerxes a Prince of that Nation resigned to him his Soveraignity after he had overcome and killed in Battle Artaban the last King of the Parthians of the race of the Arsacides The end of the Arsacides From Christ 229. In this Emperors absence Urbinus the Prefect of Rome put to Death another Urbin Bishops of Rome who was Bishop and succeeded Calistus From Christ 231. The War against the Persians lasted three Years but Alexander concluded it with very great Glory and advantage to the Romans The exploits of Alexander Severus He staid some time in the East to set in order those Provinces then he returned to Rome to reap the Honour of a Magnificent Triumph after which he past over into Gaule to stop the revolt of the Germans But the Soldiers not being able to suffer that severity of Discipline to which he had inured them killed him His Death before he past over the Rhine From Ch. 235. Rome never injoyed a Prince more accomplish'd in all kinds of Virtues but His Virtues chiefly for Justice having exactly practised that best of Maxims which forbids to do that to another we would not have done to our selves It is believed he had learn'd it from his Mother Mammea who had imbued him with that Moral of Christianity in which she had been instructed by Origen Maximus Successor to Alexander Severus Maximus his Successor and principal Author of his Death was as Vitious as his Predecessor had been Virtuous he persecuted the Christians of whom he put to Death a great number among whom was Pontianus Bishop of Rome who succeeded Urbin as also Anteros Successor to Pontianus From Christ Bishops of Rome 236. The Army in Africk proclaimed for their Emperors their two Generals the two Gordians Father and Son but they The two Gordians Father and Son Emperors were presently killed by Capellinus their Enemy Governor of Mauritania In the mean time the Senate declared Emperors two Senators Pupienus Maximus and Celius Balbinus to whom to please the Soldiers they joined the young Gordian Grandson to one and Son to the otheâ— Gordian who were killed in Africk Maximus quitting the design of making War against the
expelled him shamefully He fled into Gaule to Constantine Constantius Chlorus the Father of Constantine being dead in great Britain his Son had there been Constantin Emperor saluted Emperor by the Army then having past into Gaule he was there acknowledged with the same Title his Wife Minervina was then dead by whom he had a Son named Crispus he not only received Maximinian into his favour but made him his Father-in-law by marrying his Daughter Fausta But Maximinian having taken measures to seduce the Army of Constantine his own Daughter to whom he had imparted his designs discovered it to her Husband so the Traytor was obliged to fly but being followed very close he was at last taken in the City of Marseilles where he was strangled either by Maximinian strangled the command of Constantine or that he strangled himself out of Despair From Christ 309. In the mean time Maxentius was Master of Rome and all Italy where he exercised very great Tyrannies especially against the Bishop of Rome Christians he put to death Marcellus Successor to Marcellinus but Eusebius who succeeded Marcellus died of a fit of Sickness at the end of two Years having held the See but two Years From Christ 311. The 〈◊〉 agaiâ—sâ— Constantin and Maxentius The Vision of the Cross The Romans wearied with the Tiranny of Maxentius sent for Constantine to help them It is said that being on his way he beheld the Vision of a Cross shining with a most glorious Light that appeared to him in the Air at Noon-day with an Inscription that promist him Victory which made him send for Rheticius Bishop of Autune he having seen the same Vision near that City so that by the care of that Holy Bishop Constantin being fully instructed in the truth of Christianity made publick profession of it all the Cities of Italy which he found in his way surrendered voluntarily At his approach to Rome there was a Bloody Battle between him and Maxentius in which after a vigorous Resistance Maxentius was overcome Maxentius ' s Death Constantin Emperor and slain so that Constantine was received with Triumph at Rome and with a general Joy was acknowledged Emperor throughout the Western parts It was in this remarkable year that the Roman Indiction began which was the The Roman Indiction Revolution of Fifteen Years beginning at the year of Rome 1065 the number that makes Seventy one Fifteens After the Death of Severus Maximinian Galerus had created Caesar Licinius his old Caesar Licinius Companion in Arms a little while after Galerus died of the lousie Disease so the Empire was divided between Constantine who had all the Western parts except Illyria and Panonia Licinius was master of Greece and Thrace and Maximin possest the Provinces of Asia Licinius having espoused Constantia the Sister of Constantine these two Emperors made an Edict in favour of the Christians The Death of Maximin Maximin continuing to persecute them till at length he died at Tharsus of a languishing Disease The Provinces under his Government fell to Licinius then Constantine and Licinius condemned by an Edict the memory of Maximin as a Tyrant From Christ 314. Dioclesian died the Year before of a natural Dioclesians ' s Death Distemper as some Write or as others will have it that he poisoned himself out of despair to find the Christians were so much favoured by the two Emperors Melchiades Bishop of Rome died the same Bishops of Rome Year he had been appointed with some other Bishops of Italy by Constantine to examine The Donatists the Schism of the Donatists in Africk who refus'd to acknowledge Cecilian Bishop of Carthage because he had been put in the place of Mensurius accused to have delivered the Books of Holy Writ to the Idolaters during the Persecution Constantine employed the following ten The Exploits of Constantine Years in several Expeditions against the Barbarians who attack'd the Frontier Provinces of the Empire in all which he succeeded with great Glory For he defeated them in all Rencounters so that they were disabled to make any further Attempts against him Licinius who had only favoured the Christians in Complaisance to Constantine discovered at length his Aversion to them Whereupon Constantine took that occasion The Quarrel between Constantine and Licinius to fall out with him This Rupture brought them to a Battle in which Licinius was overcome Constantine pardoned him because he was his Brother-in-Law But Licinius finding himself freed from this first Misfortune raised another Army and was again defeated near Chalcedon At that time Constantine compell'd him to resign his part of the Empire The Vanquish'd taking it for a Favour that the Conqueror had given him his Life suffering him to live at Thessalonica But as he could not be satisfied to live in Peace and as he still endeavoured by his secret Practices to set up his Party again Constantine ordered him to be strangled The Death of Licinius From Christ 324. Thus Constantine Reigned sole Emperor Constantine sole Emperor acknowledg'd as well in the East as in the West The Empire being then at Peace Constantine applied himself to make Justice and Piety flourish and endeavoured to give that Peace and Quiet to the Church she had not 'till then enjoyed having been not only turmoil'd abroad by the Persecutions of Idolaters but harrass'd at home by the Opinions of Hereticks particularly of those who were called Arrians from Arrius the Heretick the Name of Arrius a Priest of Alexandria an Enemy to the Divinity of Jesus Christ To redress this intestine Disorder of the The Council of Nice Church Constantine commanded a Council to be assembled of a great Number of Bishops in the City of Nice in Bythinia From Christ 325. There they condemned the Errors of Arrius condemned Arrius and consequently made Canons of Discipline and Ecclesiastical Polity Particularly they ordained the Paschal Cycle The Paschal Cycle or the Golden Number called the Golden Number containing the Lunary Revolutions compleated in Nineteen Years to the end that by that all the Churches might regulate their Celebration of Easter This Year was fatal to the Family of Constantine by the Death of Crispus whom The Death of Crispus the Son of Constantine Constantine had by Minervina his first Wife Fausta his second Wife having in vain sollicited this young Prince to gratifie the Passion she had for him His refusal made her to accuse him of solliciting her Chastity Constantine unadvisedly believing her put his Son to Death and after that did the like to Fausta having discovered her The Death of Fausta his Wife Treachery by putting her into a Bath which he caused to be heated boyling hot And this to comfort his own Mother Helena afflicted to extremity for the Death of her Grand-child In the mean time Christianity flourisht Christianity receiv'd under the Protection of this mighty Prince insomuch that powerful Nations
of the Sects of the Theopaschytes Eutychians From Christ 492. Faelix had also condemned Acacius Bishop of Constantinople because he had consented out of Complaisance to the Emperor Zeno that those two Hereticks might possess those two great Sees Theodoric Sur-named Veronensis from his taking that City King of the Ostrogots or Eastern Goths had rendred considerable Services to the Emperor Zeno and as a Recompence he demanded to have his Consent others say Zeno invited him to make War against Odoacre King of Italy to which he willingly complied So Theodoric having past into Italy there The War between Odoacre and Theodoric was a bloody War between him and Odoacre Both of them behaved themselves very bravely so that the Business could not be decided by Arms. At length Theodoric being more politick after he had besieged Odoacre above three Years in Ravenna made use of very indirect Ways He proposed an Agreement and during the Treaty he invited Odoacre to a Banquet where he had him treacherously killed So ended Odoacre killed by Theodoric The Kingdom of the Ostrogots in Italy The French Christians the Kingdom of the Herules in Italy and then began that of the Ostrogots which Theodoric firmly established From Christ 493. The French embrac'd Christianity with their King Clouis by the Ministry of St. Remy Bishop of Reims Some time before Clouis had put out of Gaul all who remained of the Romans so that there was none of them left From Christ 496. Gelasius Bishop of Rome Successor to Bishops of Rome Faelix died Gelasius was to be commended that he made a just Collection of the Canonical Books of Scripture and to have set down as Apocriphal many that past before for Canonical From Christ 498. Anastatius the Second his Successor having held the See but two Years there arose a Schism between Symachus and Laurentius both chose by different Factions of the Clergy and People This Division caused many Disorders and also Murders which continued to the End of this Age. From Christ 500. The Sixth Age. AT the Beginning of the Sixth Age the East afforded nothing remarkable for History From Christ 501. But in the West Theodoric expelled out of Pannonia the Bulgarians who had made an Incursion there From Christ 505. Clouis had married Clotilda Niece to The Exploits of Theodoric Gondibald King of the Burgundians This King had put to Death three of his Brothers one of whom was Father to Clotilda which occasioned a War between Clouis and Gondebald in which the latter conquered the greatest part of Burgundy only Savoy and Provence remained to Gondemar Son to Gondebald From Christ 506. Clouis added to this Conquest all that Clouis ' s Exploits the Wisigots possess'd in Gaul after he had vanquish'd and killed their King Alaric in a Battle fought near Poitiers and after that having overcome Amalaric the Son of Alariâ— near Bourdeaux the Vanquish'd fled for Refuge to Theodoric King of Italy who was his Grand-father by the Mother's side And by his help Amalaric recovered almost all he had lost in Gaul From Christ 509. This unfortunate Success with some others that attended Clouis towards the end of his Life reduc'd him to an extream Melancholly and so very much indisposed him that he died in his middle Age. His Death From Christ 511. According to his last Will his four His Four Sons Sons divided his Dominions among them and each of them had the Titles of King of the French Symachus Bishop of Rome Successor to Bishop of Rome Anastatius the Second died From Christ 514. Anastatius Emperor of the East had applauded and congratulated the Conquests Anastatius Emperor of Clouis by a solemn Embassy and sent him the Consulary Ornaments with a rich Crown which Clouis consecrated to the Church of St. Peter's at Rome While Anastatius reigned he favoured the Eutychians He was afraid of Thunder and built him a round House to secure himself from it but all in vain For in a violent Storm of Thunder and Lightning His Death he was found dead in his Bed-Chamber at the Age of 88 Years From Christ 518. Justin his Successor who from a very Justin his Successor low Birth having been a common Soldier rose to the highest Command in the Army and in the Empire He redress'd those Disorders had been a long time in the Church by a Schism between the Western and the Eastern Churches occasioned by Acatius who notwithstanding the Excommunications of Faelix Bishop of Rome had discoursed with the two Peters Mungus and Foulon Bishops of Alexandria and Antioch who favoured the Theophasticks Hormisdas Bishop of Rome and Successor Bishopâ— of Rome to Symachus died John who succeeded Hormisdas was sent by King Theodoric in an Embassy to the Emperor Justin upon whose Head he set the Imperial Crown The first that ever was Crowned by the Roman Pontiff For which at his Return Theodoric under pretence that he had not faithfully acquitted himself of his Commission put him in Prison where he died of extream Want From Christ 526. Theodoric upon false Suspicions had put Simmachus and Boetius to Death Symachus with his Son-in-Law Boetius who were qualified for Consuls and were Persons of high Merit Theodoric being one Day at Table imagined he saw the Head of Symachus instead of the Head of a great Fish served up before him which put him into so great a Fright that he fell into a violent Fever of which he died leaving his Dominions to Athalaric The Death of Theodoric Son of his Daughter Amalazuntha Widow of Euthairc Aurelius Cassidorus a very Learned and Orthodox Person was Secretary to Theodâ—ric tho' that Prince was an Arrian yet Cassiodorus The Tripartite History Cassidorus after the Death of his Master retired from the World and compiled many excellent Works among others the Tripartite History taken from that of Eusebius Socrates and Zozimenus adding to it what happened since the last even to his Time The good and pious Emperor Justin dying had his Nephew Justinian for his Successor The Death of Justin Justinian his Successor who in the beginning of his Reign caused to be collected and put in order the Roman Laws Among the Civilians who laboured Tribonien the Civil Lawyer three Years about them the famous Trebonianus was particularly taken Notice of This great Work consisted of fifty digested Books or Pandects the four first of Institutes and those which contained the New or Authentick Constitutions From Christ 530. Faelix the fourth Bishop of Rome who Bishops of Rome succeeded John died this Year and had for his Successor Boniface who kept not the See above eleven Months Bellisarius went by Order of Justinian Bellisarius in Africk his Master to make War against the Vandals in Africk having ruined their Forces in the Field he besieged and took Carthage The end of the Kings of the Vandals in Africk in which
AN EXACT ABRIDGEMENT OF THE General History OF THE WORLD From the Creation TO THE Year 1685. By the Acurate Pen of a Learned Historian Lege Historiam ne fias Historia LONDON Printed by James Moxon for Samuel Heyrick at Grays-Inn Gate in Holbourn 1698. TO Popham Connoway Esq Of RAGLEY In the COUNTY of WARWICK CHronology the Display of Ages past is here presented to You and Time the wisest of all things claims in its Transactions the wisest of Mens Judgments To You therefore Honoured SIR do I make this Address it being of that excellency that where History is left imperfect by this it is render'd compleat so that not only the what and where but the when those Actions were perform'd are particulariz'd whereas in History they are only glanc'd at in the Gross Hence it was that Venerable Antiquity pay'd that Respect to Chronologers of their Time And I dare aver that there is no Station where a Gentleman's Education has been concern'd whether in Divinity Law or Physick but this part of Knowledge may be highly useful And as a Gentleman designing Court Preferment especially in Affairs of State it will imbellish him to that degree to equallize if not outvie most of his Contemporaries As a Jewel therefore do I Recommend this Piece to You worthy of Your Patronage and Protection And tho' SIR I have not the Honour to be known to You yet Fame has so transmitted to me as to make the Choice in Your Person The Merit of this Subject has sway'd my Ballance wholly to submit it to Your Censure which I question not but according to the Calculation of the Ingenuous it will find a safe Harbour and favourable Reception which will lay an eternal Obligation on SIR Your most Devoted and most Humble Servant Richard Ferrar. AN EXACT ABRIDGEMENT OF THE General History OF THE WORLD The First Age. THE Creation as it is Written by The Creation Moses in the Book of Genesis Of the World 1. before Christ 4004. The Double Generation of the Children of Adam The first was of Cain who killed his Brother The Posterity of Cain Abel after which all the impious Posterity of the Murtherer was extinct in the Deluge The second Generation was of Seth and That of Seth. descends to Noah and from him directly to the Messias The Second Age. IT began at the end of the Deluge Of The Deluge the World 1657. before Christ 2347. The Collonies of the Three Sons of The Collonies of Japhet Noah Sem Ham and Japhet the Off-spring of Japhet peopled the Northern parts of Asia and the principal parts of Europe Ham with his Off-spring peopled some Of Ham. parts of Asia towards the South and Aegypt with the rest of Affrick The Posterity of Sem peopled Mesopotamia The Collonies of Sem. Babylon Arabia Persia and India The Generation directly coming to the Messias is perpetuated from Sem to Abraham In the time of Peleg Mankind was dispersed The Dispersing of Mankind to people the Earth Of the World 1771. before Christ 2233. Soon after Nimrod establisht the first The Babylonian Monarchy seat of Monarchy in Babel or Babylon which from a Tower founded by the Posterity of Noah took that Name from the confusion of Tongues that arose there Of the World 1772. before Christ 2232. Much about that time Assur the Son of The Assyrian Monarchy Sem Built a City which was after called Niniveh upon the River Tygris and made it the Seat of Empire which after his Name was called the Assyrian The Establishment of the Kingdom was The Monarchy of Aegypt by Misraim the Son of Ham. Of the World 1816. before Christ 2188. The Chineses reckon the setting up of Of China their King in this Year under Fohi Of the World 1850. before Christ 2154. The Kingdom of Sycione in the Peloponese Of Sycione began under Aegialeus Of the World 1915. before Ch 2079. The Arabians made themselves masters Pastoral Kings of Aegypt of Aegypt under those Kings called Pastoral Kings Of the World 1920. before Christ 2084. Noah Died Aged 950 Years Of the The Death of Noah Word 2006. before Christ 1998. The Birth of Abraham Of the World 2008. before Christ 1996. The Third Age BEgins from the calling of Abraham The Collony of Abraham Of the World 2803. before Ch. 1921. which he obeyed and came first from Hur in Caldea to Caram in Mesopotamia where his Father there Dying he past into Canaan His History Of the World 2018. before Ch. 1896. What happened to him till the Birth of Isaac for the space of 25 Years is contained in the Book of Genesis Sem Dyed 502 Years after the Deluge The Death of Sem. The Kingdom of Argos Of the World 2158. before Christ 1846. The Establishment of the Kingdom of the Argives under Inachus Of the World 2168. before Christ 1836. The Birth of Esau and Jacob the Sons The Birth of Esau and Jacob. of Isaac and Rebecca Thomosis King of Aegypt of the Ancient Dynasty descended from High Aegypt to the Tower who drove out Jannias the last of Arabian Kings called Pastors These Arabs to the Number of Two Hundred Forty Thousand past into Palestine and The Foundation of Jerusalem there founded Jerusalem Of the World 2179. before Christ 1825 Abraham died after the Death of Sarah The Death of Abraham he had by Ketura Madan and Madean the Fathers of the Madeanites Of the World 2187. before Ch. 1817. Heber died the Eldest of the Patriarchs And of Heber Born after the Deluge In his Family he preserved the primitive Language which from his Name was called Hebrew A Deluge happened in the time of Ogiges The Deluge of Ogiges and of Deucalion King of Thebes which occasioned the Fable of Deucalion and Pyrrah Their Son Hellenus gave the Name to that Country afterwards called Greece from the Name of Graecus who descended from Hellenus Chaldeans Kings of Babylon Evecous their first King The Chaldeans possest themselves of the Kingdom of Babylon under their first King Evecous Of the World 2242. before Christ 1762. Jacob's flying into Mesopotamia his Marriage The History of Jacob. and his Children are Recorded in the Book of Genesis Of the World 2259. before Christ 1745. His return into Canaan is there also mentioned and what is related of Esau his Brother otherwise called Edom who gave the name to Edomia or Idumea from his Grand-son Amalee came the Amalakites Of the World 2261. before Ch. 1743. The selling of Joseph into Aegypt and That of Joseph the sequel of his History is in the Book of Genesis As also the Arrival of Jacob his Father into that Country Of the World 2299. before Ch. 1705. The Kings who had Reigned in Aegypt The Kings of Aegypt after Thomesis who drove out the Arabs are these following Hebron Amenophis the First his Sister Arnessis Mephres and
among those who descended from them two of the Name of Picus and two of that of Faunus one of the latter was Father of Latinus Father to Lavinia who was married to Aeneas The third of Aeneas the chief of the third Dinasty which lasted 436 Years under Kings to the Foundation of Rome At this time lived Homer and Hesiod the Home Hesiod Jetys and Dares Greek Poets and Jetys of Creet and Dares of Phrygia Historians who writ in Prose the History of Troy as Homer did in Verse Nabonassar and Arbaces Lieutenant Generals The Death of Sardanapalus to Sardanapalus besieged him in Niniveh insomuch that this Prince who had been so Effeminate finding the Walls broken down had the Courage to burn himself in his own Palace with his Wives his Children and Treasures Of the World 3257. before Ch. 747. From the Destruction of the Empire of Babylon and Assyria there arose three Kingdoms the first in Babylon under Nebonassar Nabonassar King of Babylon called Baladam in the Holy Scriptures and Bellesis by the Greeks In the first Year of his Reign the ancient Geographers have taken their Epoche The second Kingdom was that of the Medes but lasted only about Thirty eight Years Arbaces being contented at that time to restore Liberty to his Countrymen The third Kingdom in Nineveh was under Tilgamus Tilgamus King of Assyria or Ninus the younger called Tiglat Pilezer in the Holy Scripture Of the World 3262. before Ch. 742. Achas succeeded his Father Jonathan King of Judah Picae was killed by Hoseas his Successor in the Kingdom of Israel which ended The end of the King 〈…〉 of Israel in the Person of 〈◊〉 King slain by Tilgat Pylezar King of Asâ—yria after that Monarchy had lasted 254 Years from Jeroboam Of the World 3278. before Ch. 726. Nebonazar having reigned fourteen Years had for his Successors Na 〈…〉 Ch 〈…〉 and Ponâ—s together Then Eluâ—ius who reigned Kings of Babylon successively for the space of Twelve Years After whom Merodachus Balladan so called by Isaiah began to Reign This King is named Mardosempades by the Greeks Of the World 3284. before Ch. 720. Lycurgus of the Royal Blood of the Heraclides Lycurgus Guardian to his Nephew King of Lacedemon did there change the Government purely Monarchical into a Government composed of Monarchy and Aristocracy The fabulous History ascribes the Foundation The Foundation of Lacedemon of that City to Lacedemon Son of Jupiter and Thais Daughter to Atlas But the true History does reckon for their first King Laelex Contemporary with Cecrops He had for his Successor Eurctas who gave the Name to a River on which that City was built It was also call'd Sparta from the Name of a Daughter of that King Candaulus the last King of Lydia of the Candaule Giges Dinâ—sly of Arges was killed by Giges instigated by the Wife of Candaulus enraged that her Husband had shewed her naked to Giges who married this Queen and so became King of Lydia Of the World 3286. before Ch. 718. The Poet Archilochus who made Jamlike Archilochus Verses was their Contemporary and makes mention of that History Of the World 3290. before Ch. 714. Corinth changed the Form of its Government Corinth ' s change of Government It s Foundation of Monarchy to a Republick This City was built in the Year of the World 2640 by Sisiphus Son to Aeolus who was killed by Theseus by reason of his Robberies Corinthus who succeeded him gave the Name to that City Romulus died and was Deified under the The Death of Romulus Name of Quirinus Of the World 3293. before Ch. 731. Zenacherib Son and Successor to Salmanasur Zenachrib who conquered Egypt and Syria was constrained to raise the Siege of Jerusalem an Angel having killed in one Night 185000 of his Army Being returned to Ninive he was there kill'd by two of his Sons Serrhaddon or Assaradin his other Son Assaradin King of Assyria Ezechias Esaiah reigned in his place Ezechias was then King of Judah assisted by the Counsel of the Prophet Esaiah He reigned with great Justice and Piety But Manasses his Son was not like to Manasses him Of the World 3310. before Ch. 698. The Kindom of Babylon being fallen into Babylon and Syria united decay and weakned Assaradin made himself Master of it and joyned it to Assyria Of the World 3323. before Ch. 681. Numa Pompilius who succeeded Romulus Numa Pompilius died Of the World 3336. before Ch. 668. Jeodachim who was Nebuchadnezzar in Nebuchadonezar King of Assyria Babylon Deicos King of the Medes the Book of Judith succeeds Assaradin in the Kingdom of Assyria and Babylon He overcame Arphaxad called Deicos by the Greeks King of the Medes Manasses died after he had been re-establish'd in his Kingdom having lain in Prison many Years at Babylon Ammon his Son followed his wicked Ways but not his Repentance Josias his Son was always held a Godly and a Vertuous King Tullus Hostillius the third King of Rome Tullus Hostillius died Under his Reign Alba was joyned to Rome by the Victory of the Horatii over Horaces Curiaces the Curatii Of the World 3369. before Ch. 635. Chinaladanan or Saracus Successor to Saosduchin Kings of Assyria was overcome and killed in Ninive by Nabopalassur who revolted against him and made a League with Phraord Son and Successor to Deicus King of the Kings of the Medes Medes Of the World 3380. before Ch. 624. So Nabonahassur became King of Babylon and of Assyria and was in Alliance with the Medes and marrying Nebuchadonesur with Amâ—tys Sister to Astyages Son of Cyaxares he succeeded his Father Phraord Anous Martius the fourth King of Rome Anous Martius died He built the City of Ostia at the Mouth of Tyber Of the World 3393. before Ch. 611. N 〈…〉 or Neco King of Egypt having Necos King of Egypt left his Kingdom to make War against Nabâ—palâ—â—ur is stopt in his Way by Josias who was killed in the Battle Of thâ— World 3395. before Ch. 609. Necos being victorious brought Jehoaâ—has Kings of Judah Son of Josias Prisoner and put in his place on the Throne of Judah Jâ—hoachim Brother to Jehoachas Of the World 3398. before Ch. 609. Nebuchadnesur carried Jehoachim into Captivity as likewise Jeconius Son to Jehâ—achim The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Judah and at last took Zedechias Uncle to Jeconias and put out his Eyes and killed his Children in his presence while Nebuzaradin ruined the City and Temple of Jerusalem The Dâ—struction of Jerusalem Of the World 3416. before Ch. 588. Where Jeremiah the Prophet lived to bewail the Miseries of the Jews In the same time that Ezekiel prophesied to the Captive Jews in Babylon Of the World 3417. before Ch. 587. The Sixth Age. DAniel and his Companions gave Daniel Marks of their Faith and Piety towards Nebuchadnezar ' s
Dreams God as is set down in the first Book of that Prophet Where also is related the Interpretation of Nebuchadnezar's two Dreams In this time lived Arion Alciceus and Epimenides Learned Men. Greek Poâ—ts with Sappho the Poetess Pythagoras the Philosopher Nebuchadnezar took Tyre from Itabulus Nebuchadnezar takes Tyrâ— and so put an end to that Kingdom of which Itabulus was the last King of the Race of Hiram Contemporary with Solomon that Dinasty having lasted from the time of Agenor and Phaenix Of the World 3432. before Ch. 572. Nebuchadnezar past into Egypt and easily Nebuchadnezar King of Egypt conquered it having found it divided by a Civil War between Apries and Amasis the former lawful King having been expelled by the Conqueror Tarquinius Priscus the fifth King of Rome Tarquinius Priscus was killed by the Sons of Ancus Martius his Predecessor This was that Tarquinius Priscus who establish'd Triumphs for those who had obtained a signal Victory over their Enemies Nebuchadnezar grown proud of the most Nebuchadnezar turned Beast stately Buildings he had erected in Babylon was by a Judgment of God reduc'd to the Condition of a Beast for the space of seven Years Of the World 3435. before Ch. 569. After which acknowledging his Sins and giving all Glory to God he was restored to his Reason and Kingdom Of He is re-establish'd the World 3442. before Ch. 562. His Son and Successor Evilmerodach Evilmerodach delivered Jeconias out of Prison After two Years Reign Evilmerodach was killed by Neriglisser his Brother-in-Law Neriglisser King of Babylon whose Son Laborascadus succeeded him but Reigned only nine Months and then was killed and a Son of Evilmerodach was plac'd on the Throne He was called Balthazar by Daniel by Barotius Balthazar King of Babylon Naboniclus by Herodotus Labinithus Of the World 3448. before Ch. 556. Astiages King of Media being dead had Darius or Cyaxar the Second to succeed him Ciaxar the Second who was called Darius in the Book of Daniel This King gave the Command of his Armies to Cyrus his Nephew and Son-in-Law Cyrus The Gauls under the Conduct of Cigorais Cigorais Bellorais and Bellorais past into Italy and became Masters of that part which is called Gaule Cisalpine Croesus the last King of Lydia who descended Croesus from Giges was taken Prisoner in a Battle by Cyrus who saved his Life when he was just ready to be burnt upon hearing him call on the Name of Solon the Athenian Of the World 3456. before Ch. 548. Historians record the Death of the fair Panthea Abradates Panthea who killed herself on the Body of her Husbaud Abradates slain in the Battle that Cyrus gained over Croesus Aesop lived at that time Aesop The end of the Empire of Assyria The end of the Empire of Assiria and Babylon by the Death of Balthazar and the taking of Babylon in the very same Night that Balthazar made a most impious Feast mentioned in the Fifth Chapter of Daniel Of the World 3466. before Ch. 538. So the Assyrian Empire devolved to the The Empire of the Medes Medes in the Person of Ciaxar the Second or Darius to whom Cyrus his Son-in-Law resigned all his Conquests In the Time of the Seven Years Captivity of the Jews in Babylon flourish'd in Greece the Seven Wise Men called Thales The Seven Wise Men of Greece the Milesian Châ—lon the Lacedâ—monian Cleobulus of Câ—rinth Byas of Prienae Pittacus of Mitelene and Solon of Salamis This was he who gave milder and more easie Laws to the Athenians than those of Draco which were so very severe and cruel that it was said of them they were writ in Blood Cambyses King of Persia and Darius or The Empire of Persia Cyaxar the Second King of the Medes both being dead Cyrus Son to the one and Nephew to the other succeeded in all their Principalities and gave Beginning to the Empire of the Persians which extended from the Hellâ—â—p 〈…〉 to India Of the World 3468. before Ch. 536. Cyrus in the First Year of his Reign set The Jews 〈◊〉 at Liberty the Jews at Liberty and they returned into their own Country under the Conduct of Zâ—rubbabel Son of Salathiel Son of Jeconias King of Judah Cyrus died according to some Writers Cyrus ' s Death in the War against Thomiris Queen of Scythia contrary to the Testimony of Xenophon who writes that this Prince died in his Bed at Pasaâ—gade in Persia Of the World 3475. before Ch. 529. Servius Tullius the Sixth King of Rome Servius Tullius was killed by his Son-in-Law and Successor Tarquinius Superbus Of the World 3476. before Ch. 528. Cambyses subdues Egypt Pzametticus Governour of Egypt having â—ook upon him the Title of King Cambyses Son and Successor to Cyrus went thither and subjected it yet he lost two Armies in the Desarts of Lybia one which he sent to plunder the Temple of Jupiter Ammon and the other which he sent against the Aethiopians Of the World 34â—1 beâ—ore Ch. 523. At this time flourish'd the Poet Anacreon Anacreon Policrates Friend of Polycrates Tyrant of Samos who had been a Friend to Amasis but this latter renounc'd the Friendship of that â—yrant because he judged that so much continual good Fortune could not be attended without some remarkable Misfortune Cambyses had caus'd his Brother Smerdis to be secretly kill'd In the mean while the Magus Patisites plac'd on the Throne his own Brother Oropastes under the Name of Smerdis because he exactly resembled The Impostor Smerdis the Prince of the same Name Of the World 3482. before Ch. 522. This News made Cambyses leave Egypt to return into Persia but he diâ—d by the Way of a Wound he received by his own Sword as he lighted off from his â—orse Cambyses Death He was woundâ—d in the Thigh in the same Place and by the same Sword with which he had wounded the God Apis in Egypt The Impostor Smerdis was killed by Seven of the chief Sâ—trapâ—s of the Kingdom of which Number Darius Son of Darius King of Persia Istapes was chosen King by the cunning Intrigue of Othanes Zopyrus a Friend to this King shewed Zopyrus him the Means to reduce Babylon under his Obedience Of the World 3493. before Ch 501. Tarquinius Superbus was driven out of Tarquinius Superbus â—xpelled Rome Rome for Reasons sâ—t down in the Roman History He was the seventh and last of the Kings of Rome who there Reigned for the space of 245 Years In their place were elected two Consuls The Election of Consuls annually The first Year they chose five to wit Valerius Publicola and Collatinus the Husband of Leucretia Of the World 3500. before Christ 504. But he having been turn'd out because he was of the Family of the Tarquins they constituted in his place Junius Brutus who was killed in the Battle against Porsâ—nna and in his place
they chose Horatius Pulvilius who also dying had for his Successor Spurius Leucretius Father to Leucretia The Siege of Rome by Porsenna King of The Siege of Rome by Porsenna the Thuscans in favour of the Tarquins the Noble Actions of Horatius Cocles of Mutius Scaevola and of Clelia the Roman Virgin are remark'd in the Roman History Darius sent to demand Earth and Water of the Grecian Cities of Europe as Marks of their Homage which they refused and prepar'd for War Of the World 3511. before Ch. 493. This King having sent a great Army against The beginning of the War between the Persians and the Greeks The Battle of Marathon Pisistratus his Son killed Armodius Aristogeter the Grecians they won the famous Battle of Marathon under the Conduct of Miltiades the Athenian Captain Of the World 3514 before Ch. 490. Pisistratus a Traytor to his Country was the Cause of that War He was killed in that Battle Hippias his Son being also in the same Treason with his Father was kill'd by Armodius and Aristogiter who were likewise slain in the same Action But the Athenians erected Statues for them in Acknowledgment of their Deliverance by them from the Yoak of that Tyrant Darius the Son of Histapes chief of the Darius ' s Death Second Dynasty of the Persian Kings died â—eaving two Sons Artobasanes and Xerxes This younger Brother was preferred before Xerxes ' s Successor the eldest to the Succession of the Kingdom in regard he was born after his Father was made King and also because he was the Son of Atossa Daughter of Cyrus It is remarkable that the eldest yielded without Regret to the Judgment of the Satrapes to whom these two Broâ—hers had referred the Decision of that great Affair Of the World 5520. before Ch. 484. At Rome the common People pretending to be oppress'd by the Senate stirred up a dangerous Sedition to appease which Tribunes of the People at Rome were establish'd Tribunes of the People powerful Magistrates who had the Charge to maintain the Rights of the People and to hinder the Nobility from oppressinâ— them That which happened upon occasion oâ— the Discontent of Q. Martius Coriolanus iâ— Q. Martius Coriolanus Quintus Cincinnatus first Dictator remark'd in the Roman History Quintus Cincinnatus is observed to be thâ— first Dictator the Romans chose upon aâ— emergent occasion Of the World 352â— before Ch. 483. Xerxes pass'd into Europe with a terribâ— Xerxes conquered the Greeks Land-Army having sent another as greâ— by Sea Three hundred Lacedemonianâ— commanded by Leonidas killed Twentâ— thousand of the Land-Army at the Paâ— of Thermopolis All these brave Lacedemâ—nians The Battle at Thermopolis with their General died upon thâ— place The Naval Forces were defeatâ— near Salamis by the Greeks under tâ— The Battle of Salamis Conduct of Euribiades the Lacedemoniaâ— and Themistocles the Athenian Of the Worlâ— Themistocles 3525. before Ch. 479. Xerxes being compelled by his ill Suâ—cess to leave Greece repass'd the Bosphoâ— in a little Bark The Troops he had leâ— in Greece under the Command of Maâ—donius were defeated near Platea by thâ— The Battle of Platea Xerxes ' s Death Lacedemonians Xerxes was killed by Artabanes Captaâ— of his Guards who by that means Reigâ—ed for some Months and then was alâ— killed and Artaxerxes Longomain Son â— Artaxerxes Longomaine Xerxes was plac'd in the Persian Thronâ— Of the World 3531. before Ch. 473. Pindar and Symonides Lirick Poets Soâ—hocles Greek Poets and Euripides Tragick Poets flourisht â—t that time Cymon the Athenian Son of Miltiades Cymon delivered the Asiatick Greeks from the Perâ—an Yoak Of the World 3538. before Ch. 466. Esdras the Jew of the Sacerdotal Line â—rought back those of his Nation who remained Esdras in Babylon since their first return under Zerobabel Artaxerxes having shewn that favour to the Jews for the sake of Nehemiah his favourite the Jews finisht the Building of their Temple from thence many begin their Seventy Weeks mentioned in the The beginning of the Seventy Weeks Ninth Chapter of Daniel Of the World 3550. before Ch 454. The Romans named Ten Persons to digest their Laws which were brought to The Laws of the Twelve Tables them from Athens because they were called the Laws of the Twelve Tables Of the World 3554. before Ch. 450. Those Ten Persons acquitted themselves so well in that Affair that the Government The Decemvirate was committed to them only one of them Appius Claudius having ravisht the Daughter of Virginius a Roman Soldier this The Consuls restored Magistrate was turned out and the Consuls restored Of the World 3557. before Ch. 447. At this time lived Artemiza Queen of The two Artemizas Mausolus Caria who exprest extraordinary Grief for the Death of her Husband Mausolus Of the World 3559. before Ch. 445. There was one of the same Name her Aunt who fought at the Battle of Salamis for Xerxes Herodotus the Historian was Contemporary with the last Artemiza and her Subject Born at Halycarnassus the chief City Learned Men of Greece of Caria The Poet Aeschylus and the Orator Isocrates flourisht at that time Brennus the Gaul having past into Italy Brennus took Rome with a great Army and defeated the Romans in Tuscany took and plundered their City but he could not take the Capitol Of the World 3563. before Ch. 442. Ju. Camillus constrained him to retire and for that great service was esteemed Ju. Camillus drove them out by the Romans as the Founder of their City and was called by them the second Romulus Of the World 3565. before Ch. 439. At Rome the Military Tribunes were The Military Tribunes chose to Govern in the place of the Consuls then the Tribunes were turned out and the Common-wealth remained four Years without any Superiour Magistrate but the Military Tribunes having been restored again they were at length cashiered for ever and the Conâ—â—ls restored The Consâ—ls restored Of the World 3572. before Ch. 432. Then began the Peloponesian War between The Peloponesian War Hellenicus Thucydides the Athenians and the Lacâ—dâ—monians all the other Greeks taking part with the one or the other The History of this War has been Written by Hellenicus Hâ—rodâ—tâ—s and more exactly by Thucidides's Contemperaries who have also described the general Plague which ravaged at that time through all the known World Of the World 3574 before Ch. 430. Hypocrates writ of it as a Physitian and Hippocrates The Cyrenians change to a Republick has given great proof of his Ability and Skill on this occasion the Cyrenians changed the form of their Government from a Monarchy which had lasted 200 Years to a Republick Artaxerxes Longomanus dyed Of the World 3579. before Ch. 425. his Son Xerxes the Kings of Persia second was killed about a Year after by his Brother Zogdian who also was slain six Months after
of Rome Lynus and Cletus Bishops of Rome gave the Example of a constant Faith to their Flocks sealing it by shedding of their Blood From Christ 83. The Ecclesiastical History sets down the Martyrdom of St. John the Evangelist at St. John the Evangelist that time He was brought from Asia to Rome where being thrown into a Cauldron of boiling Oyl he came out of it safe and well He was banish'd to the Isle of Patmos About the end of Domitian's Reign Anacletus Anacletus Bishop of Rome also received the Crown of Martyrdom From Christ 90. A Paper containing the List of those whom Domitian intended to put to Death fallen by chance into the Hands of his Wife she seeing her Name at the Head of it prevented his Design by causing him to be killed by those whom he had Domitian his Death destined for Death From Christ 96. Nerva his Successor a Person of high Nerva his Successor Desert was proclaimed Emperor by the Conspirators and received with great Joy by the Senate and People He Reigned like a wise and just Prince one Year and four Months at the end of which he died Aged Sixty six Years leaving His Death Trajan his Successor the Empire to Trajan whom he Adopted The Ecclesiastical History makes the Death of St. John the Evangelist to happen The Death of St. John the Evangelist at the end of that Age Yet there is no Certainty of the Time of his Death any more than of the rest of the Apostles The Learned Men of this Age besides Learned Men. those who were remark'd before were Persius Propertius Seneca the Tragedian Seneca the Philosopher Petronius Arbiter Silius Italicus Martial Juvenal Statius Pliny the Ancient Quintilian the Orator Strabo the Historian and Geographer Likewise Pomponius Mela and Solinus Among the Christians Clement Bishop of Rome was Author of an Epistle to the Corinthians which is extant There are also some Epistles under the Name of Ignatius Bishop of Antioch Yet many learned Criticks doubt of their Truth There is one of Polycarpus Bishop of Smirna to the Philippians The Hereticks of that Age were the Nicholaits whose Author was never known Menander the Disciple of Simon the Magician Cerinthus and Elion Enemies to the Divinity of Jesus Christ The Second Age BEgins with the Persecution Trajan raised The Christians persecuted Clement Bishop of Rome against the Christians Clement Bishop of Rome after fifteen Years Confinement to Chersonesus Taurick received there the Crown of Martyrdom From Christ 101. Trajan spent the five following Years in The War against the Daces the War against the Daces It proved a very glorious War to him having overcome many times that Nation insomuch that their King Decebalus killed himself out of Despair From Christ 106. Pliny the younger Pro-Consul of Bythinia writ in favour of the Christians 3 yet the Persecution continued against them Ignatius the Colleague of Evodius in the Episcopal See of Antioch being brought to Ignatius Martyr Rome was there Crowned Martyr From Christ 107. Trajan employed the nine following Years in the War against the Parthians War against the Parthians Trajan ' s Conquests over whom and their Allies he conquered Mesopotamia Armenia part of Arabia and all that is beyond Tygris even to India But finding it was impossible to keep all those Countries he restored to the Parthians all that lay beyond Tygris giving them for their King Parthamasparus of the Blood of the Arsacides on whom he plac'd with his own Hands the Diadem after he had obliged him to swear Fealty to the Romans From Christ 116. Evaristus Bishop of Rome having been Bishops of Rome Crowned Martyr in the Eighth Year of this Age In which time also his Successor Alexander had the same Happiness Trajan returning from all his Conquests died at Selinonta in Cilicia With his great Trajan ' s Death good Qualities he was endowed with no small Vices For he was given to Drunkenness and to most abominable Sins against Nature and was very cruel against the Christians From Christ 1117. The Learned Men in his time were Learned Men. Plutarch his Master Pliny the Younger Suctonius Florus the two Historians Aulus Gellius Lucius Epictetus an excellent Moral Philosopher and Galen the famous Physician Aelius Adrianus Adopted by Trajan succeeded Adrianus Successor to Trajan him in the Empire In the Persecution which he carried on against the Christians Sixtus Bishop of Rome Successor to Bishops of Rome Alexander was enrolled among the Martyrs From Christ 120. The Roman Empire flourishing in Peace Adrian took a Journey to visit all his Provinces While he was in the Eastern parts he rebuilt Jerusalem and called it Aelia Adrian rebuilds Jerusalem from his own Name And in derision and scorn to the Jews he caused the Figure of a Hog to be set on their Gates He erected a Temple to Jupiter in the very place where had been the Temple of the true God And to express the like scorn and hatred towards the Christians he also built a Temple in Venus on Mount Calvary and another to Adonis at Bethlem in the same place where Jesus Christ was born From Christ 135. Adrian died of a Bloody-flux His good Adrian ' s Death Qualities were defiled by the same Vices that dishonoured the Reputation of his Predecessor Antinous a Boy whom he loved being dead he was so shameless to make his Subjects pay him Divine Worship From Christ 138. Titus Aurelius Antoninus Adopted by Adrian Antoninus Pius his Successor succeeded him He was Sur-named Pius by reason of his sweet Disposition and Goodness Nevertheless the Persecution continuing many Christians suffered Martyrdom and among the rest Thelesphorus Bishops of Rome Bishop of Rome Successor to Sixtus and Higinus and after him Pius the Successor of Higinus From Christ 150. At length Antoninus perswaded of the Innocency of the Christians caused the Persecution to cease moved to it by two excellent Apologies address'd to him by Justin the Christian Philosopher From Christ 151. The Peace of the Church as it was outwardly disturb'd so it was inwardly perplex'd by Hereticks that is to say by the Hereticks Gnosticks Saturninus Bazilides Gnosticks followers of Carpocrates to whom were attributed most detestable Opinions Saturninus and Bazilides Disciples of Menander as he so were they Enemies to Jesus Christ Tatien Author of the Encratites or Continents Encratites a Sect very austere in their way of Living Montanus the Disciple of Tatien with Montanists his two Prophetesses Maximilla and Priscilla His Followers were Cataphriges because their Errors began to spread in Phrygia but they called themselves Cathares in regard of their pretended Purity of Life boasting with their Master they had received a more abundant Effusion of the Holy Ghost than the Apostles ever had Papius Bishop of Hieropolis with his Chiliasts had less dangerous Opinions Chiliasts Antoninus died Aged
he had supported Athanasius Bishops of Rome In the place of Liberius they put the Deacon Faelix upon Condition he should favour the Arrians He was ordained by three of their Bishops The Persecution against the Orthodox Divines was so severe that Hosius and Liberius Hosius Liberius were forc'd to yield by the Cruelties they suffered in their Exile and signed to the Arrian Confessions framed in the Councils held at Sirmium in Pannonia by the Arrian Bishops By this means Liberius got leave to return Liberius re-establishâ— to his Church yet he could not be establish'd there but with great Violence and Faelix opposed him in the same manner There were many Persons killed on both sides and even Faelix himself according Faelix deposed to some Writers yet others say that he surviv'd his being deposed The Confusion was very great in the Church by the infinite Number of Confessions of Faith which were made in divers places of which the most part of them were Arrians To redress these Disorders two Councils were assembled one in the East at Seleucia the other in the West at Rimini The Council of Seleucia and of Rimini But in both Councils the Arrian Bishops being far more numerous than the Orthodox the latter being overpower'd the Arrians prevail'd So that the Mischief was thereby so much increased that as St. Jerome testifies the whole World was astonish'd to find themselves Arrians and sigh'd for it From Christ 359. However the Council of Selucia did one good Act in re-establishing St. Hillarius St. Hillarius Bishop of Poitiers A Council at Constantinople Ulufilus Bishop of the Goths Bishop of Poitiers in his Diocess from whence he had been banish'd for being Orthodox A third Council that Constance assembled at Constantinople added to all those general Ills this one in particular that Ulufilus Bishop of the Goths was there infected with the Contagion of Arrianism and afterwards all that Nation by his Example While that Council was held Constance ordered to be brought to Constantinople in very great Pomp the Bodies of St. Andrew the Apostle St. Luke the Evangelist and Timothy St. Paul's Disciple upon a Revelation he reported to have had of the place of their Burial Julius Constantius Brother to the Father of Great Constantine had left two Sons viz. Gallus Caesar whom Constance as has been mentioned had put to Death and Julian who having also been created Caesar Julian Caesar by his Cousin Constance and made Governor of Gaul behaved himself so well in that Charge and with so much Glory that having driven out many times the Barbarians who made Incursions into that Province the Army which he commanded ravish'd with his great Proâ—laimed Emperor Courage and Conduct proclaim'd him Emperor Augustus which he accepted tho' he had been expresly forbid by Constance to assume that Title Constance had employ'd himself three Years in a War against the Persians over whom he had got so great Advantages that they freely offered Proposals of Peace To which he agreed desiring to be freed of that Business in order to compose those of more Consequence in Gaul But in his way thither he was stopt at Antioch by a most desperate Fit of Sickness which made him to be baptized which he neglected to do according to the Custom practis'd at that time by great Persons especially by Princes This Sacrament was administred to him by Euzoius Bishop of Antioch an inveterate Euzoius an Arrian Arrian whom those of that Sect had plac'd in that See in opposition to Melecius whom Melecius Orthodox they had first of all seated there believing he would have favoured them in which they were mistaken for Melecius was Orthodox From Christ 361. Constance being somewhat recovered in his Health pursued his Journey but went not very far for he was again stopt by his Sickness at a little Town in Cilicia where Constance his Death he died aged Forty five Years having reigned Twenty four A little while after Julian coming to Julian the Apostate Emperor Constantinople was there received Emperor without any difficulty This was that Julian Sur-named The Apostate because he turn'd Pagan after he had been brought up in the Christian Religion During the first two Years of his Reign he endeavoured to ruine Christianity by all the Ways he could invent He was kill'd in a Battle against the Persians by a His Death Blow from Heaven as some write or as others will have it by an ordinary Accident of War However it may be said of him and of his Predecessor that both being endowed with excellent Parts 't was great pity that one should be seduced by the Arrians and the other by the Idolaters After the Death of Julian the Army Joâ—ian Emperor gave the Title of Emperor to Jovian or Jovinian one of their principal Officers who had all the good Qualities yet none of those ill ones of his two Predecessors So there was great hopes of a prosperous Reign had he ruled longer than eight Months at the end of which he died From His Death Christ 364. After his Death the Army set up in his place Valentinian who immediately chose Valentinian and Valens Emperors his Brother Valens to be his Colleague These two Emperors sharing the Management of their Affairs Valentinian passed into the West against the Germans who had revolted Valens stayed in the East to oppose Procopus a Prince of the House of Constantine who had took the Title of Emperor A Battle was fought between them near Nice where Procopus was overcome Procopus overcome and killed took Prisoner and was afterwards beheaded From Christ 365. Liberius Bishop of Rome being dead Bishopâ— of Rome there arose a Schism which was reckon'd to be the second of that Church between Damasus a Spaniard and Urcin or Urcisin a Roman each being elected by two different Factions of the Clergy and People Which was carried on with so much Violence and Animosity that 130 Men were killed in a bloody Dispute between the two Parties in the very Church where they were assembled for that Election From Christ 367. Of the two Emperors Valens was an Valens an Arrian Arrian and persecuted the Orthodox His Brother Valentinian being Orthodox made Valentinian Orthodox it his Business to procure the Peace and Prosperity of the Western Church He was fortunate in the War against many of the barbarous Nations who invaded Germany particularly against the Quades he reduc'd them to beg Peace by their Embassadors Valentinian being extreamly offended at the wretched Mien and miserable Equipage of those Embassadors put himself into so violent a Passion and exclaimed against his own and the Empire 's Misfortune to be concerned with such beggarly Enemies that he broke a Vein in his Breast of which he died losing His Death much Blood He was fifty Years old and had reigned twelve Years From Christ 375. This News being brought to
Treves where Gratian his eldest Son then was this young Prince was saluted Emperor Augustus Titles his Father had bestowed on him in his Life-time The Army in Pannonia where the Father Gratian and Valentinian II. Emperors died gave the like Title to the second Son the young Valentinian His eldest Brother Gratian at first was displeased at it but at length he approved of it as well as Valens Uncle to these two Princes The Goths had possess'd themselves of those Countries bordering on Tanais The Huns who came out of Scythia as the others drove them out and forc'd them to make their Abode elsewhere So soon as they were entred into Thrace for that purpose Valens went against them to drive them out but he was overcome by them The Death of Valens in a Battle and being pursued was burnt in a Peasant's Cottage where he was retired From Christ 378. By his Death Gratian finding himself oppress'd with the Weight of Affairs discharg'd himself of half of it by associating Theodosius to the Empire He was Son Theodo 〈…〉 â—ssocâ—ated to the Empire to another Theodosius a Person of high Merit who had rendred considerable Services to the Empire under Valentinian and Valens The Son inheriting the good Qualities of his Father in a short time made himself famous by expelling the Goths from Thrace which they had miserably ravaged after their Victory over Valens From Christ 379. Macedonius Bishop of Constantinople denied Macedonius an Enemy to the Holy Ghost The first Council at Constantinople the Divinity of the Holy Ghost Theodosius a very Orthodox Prince caused a Council to be assembled at Constantinople where the Fathers condemned this Heresie and deposed Macedonius in the place of whom was put Nectarius a Person most worthy of that Dignity In that Council they declared That the Bishop of the second Rome should from that time be the next in Rank to the Bishop of the first and so by Consequence to take place of those of Alexandria and Antioch Maximus Governour of Great Britain The Revolt of Maximus had caused himself there to be proclaimed by the Army then past over into Gaul made himself Master of that Province surprized defeated and killed Gratian The Death of Gratian who had many excellent Qualities and no ill ones Conen Meriadec a British Prince had past Conen Meriadec a British King over the Sea with Maximus and setling himself with the Troops of his own Nation in the Maritime part of Gaul which was afterwards called Little Brittany where he erected a Monarchy almost for twelve Ages From Christ 383. The Death of Damasus Bishop of Rome Bishops of Rome which hapned in that Year did not put an end to the Schism of that Church For tho' Syricius was there chose in the place of Damasius Ursicinus still pretended that his Election was good From Christ 384. Maximus being Master of the Isle of Britain of Gaul and of Spain entred Italy with so great an Army that Valentinian not being in a Condition to make Head against him fled with his Mother Justina to Thessalonica where Theodosius then lay Maximus having likewise reduc'd Italy advanc'd towards Aquilia where he stay'd resolving to wait for Theodosius who was marching towards him to fight him Theodosius being arrived with his Army they fought in two Days two bloody Battles In the last of which Maximus was wholly routed and taken Prisoner Theodosius was willing to save his Life but the Soldiers judging him unworthy of that Favour killed him against the Emperor's Pleasure So that Valentinian was re-establish'd in Maximus overcome and killed the Western Empire which he peaceably enjoyed four Years at the end of which Arbogastus a Gaul one of his principal Commanders discontented because he had taken away some of his Commands caused him to be stifled in his Bed by the The Death of Valentinian II. Grooms of his Bed-Chamber whom he had corrupted to do it This Prince was but Twenty six Years old His Mother Justina being an Arrian had infected him with that Heresie but he renounced it after her Death Arbogastus had that great Power in the Army that he prevailed with the Soldiers Eugenus Tyrant with Arbogastus to proclaim Eugenius Emperor a Man of mean Extraction whom Fortune had raised to great Commands This was the Cause of another Civil War Theodosius spent two Years in making Preparations for it And all that time the Tyrants reigned in the West At length Theodosius march'd against them the Armies met and fought near to Aquilia The Tyrants being defeated Arbogastus killed himself Eugenius being Arbogastus and Eugeneus killed taken Prisoner suffered Death by the Executioner Theodosius did not long enjoy the Fruits of that great Victory which made him sole Master of the Empire He had been for some time troubled with a Dropsie his Disease increasing at Millan where he came after the Defeat of the Tyrants he fell extreamly ill and died in that City at Theodosius ' s Death the Age of Fifty having reigned sixteen Years There was but two things to be blamed in him That he made Laws to deprive Hereticks of their Estates and Liberties unless they would renounce their Errors The other was The Murthering of a great Number of Thessalonians to punish their Insolence who resisted his Power by a Sedition Being reprehended by St. Ambrose for that Cruelty he express'd so great a Repentance for it that his Contrition joyned with his other excellent Vertues may serve for a Pattern to all Christian Princes By his last Will and Testament he divided the Empire between his two Sons Arcadius and Honorius and accordingly Arcadius and Honorius Emperors the eldest took possession of the East the other of the West They were both disturb'd at first with the Revolt of Rufinus a Prefect of the Praetorian Bands who brought an Army of Barbarians into Thrace and of Gildon who plaid the Usurper in Africk but these Disorders were presently quelled by the death of the Traytors Theodosius held the first Oecumenical Council at Constantinople In his time lived St. Austin St Jerome and Claudian the Poet. Syricius Bishop of Rome died after he Bâ—shops of Rome had the Happiness to see the end of thaâ— Schism which the Election of Ursicinuâ— had caused in that Church Syricius was the first who declared against the Marriage of the Clergy From Christ 398. The last Year of this Age saw the rise The Revolt of Gainas and fall of the Revolter Gaianus who was by extraction a Barbarian His great Conduct and Experience in the trade of War had raised him to be General of Honorius his Army the services he had done for him made him pretend to have a Church in Constantinople for those of the Arriaâ— Sect of which he was a favourer which the Emperor refusing by the persuasion of St. John Chrisostom Bishop of Constantinople The disdain to be refused provok'd Caianus to Ravage
Thrace with that Army he commanded this Tumult was as violent as it was short liv'd being extinguish'd in a little time by the death of the Author the Officers of the Army being Loyal to the Emperor From Christ 400. So at the end of that Age both the Empires were at Peace excepting among the Hereticks Monks who contended about different and erronious Opinions There were some who were called Originists Originists who held false Opinions attributed to Origen Anthropomorphites were those who attributed Anthropomorphytes Priscillianists to God a Humane Figure Priscillianists were the followers of Priscilian a Spaniard and a Person of Quality who had received old Errors of the Gnosticks of the Sabellians and the Manicheans This Priscillian was the first who was put to death by the Christians for his Religion after his Errors had been condemned by a Council held at Burdeaux some Bishops inflamed with an outragious Zeal persuaded the Tyrant Maximus to cut off his Head The Photinians followers of Photinus Photinians Bishop of Syrmium were the worst of all the Arrians The Appollinarists had for Apollinarists their Authors the two Appollinarys Father and Son one a Priest and the other a Reader in the Church of Laodicea who denied the Distinction of Persons in the Holy Trinity The Antidichomarianites who denied the Antidichomarianites Collydâ—ans Virginity of the Mother of our Saviour The Collydians on the contrary so called because they offered great Cakes to the Holy Virgin in the way of Sacrifice The Luciferians who were only a sort of Luciferians Schismaticks who refused to Communicate with those of the Communion of Milecius Bishop of Antioch The Fathers of the Church who flourish'd Fathers of the Church in this Age were Macairus the Antient Monk of Aegypt Optatus Bishop oâ— Mileva in Africk Bazilius Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia Gregory his Brother Bishop of Nissena Gregory of Nazianzer Eusebius of Verceil Ambrosius of Millan anâ— Martinus of Tours The Fifth Age. IN the first Year was Born a Son to The Birth of Theodosius Arcadius called Theodosius The next year Died Anastatius Bishop of Bishops of Rome Rome and Successor to Syricius The five following Years were fatal to the two Empires to the Western part by the Ravaging of the Vandalls who entered there under the Command of Godegisil Godegisil King of the Vandalls their King To the Eastern by the persecution of Eudoxa Wife to the Emperor Arcadius against St. Chrysostome Bishop of Constantinople even St. Epiphanius Bishop of St. Epiphanes Salamina in Ciprus with most of the Eastern Bishops who oppos'd him in complaisance to the Empress and depos'd him in an Assembly held at Constantinople upon the result of which he was sent into Exile The Death of Sâ— Chrisostome The death of Arcadius Theodotius the Second where he died of the Miserys they made him endure From Christ 407. Arcadius died at the Age of Thirty Two Years leaving his Son Theodosius about Seven Years Old under the Protection of Isdigerdes King of Persia who acquitted himself of that Charge with great care and fidelity From Christ 408. At that time flourish'd Ausonius a Gaule Learned Men. Prudetius a Spaniard Venantius Portunatus an Italian but Bishop of Poiters who were as well Poets as Christians In the West Honorius having put to The death of Stillicon Alaric King of the Goths Rome twice taken Death his Father-in-law Stilicon accused to have held Intelligence with Alaric King of the Goths That King revenged his Death with great Cruelty for in the two following Years he twice took Rome and laid it waste in a most desolate manner then adding Mockery to his Cruelty he gave the Title and Ornaments of Emperor to one Attalus a man of obscure Birth and Attalus the false Emperor then divested him of them when he was disgusted with him From Christ 410. Honorius was at Ravenna and saw all these lamentable and shameful Miseries not being able to redress them but the The death of Alaric Astolfus his Successor death of Alaric gave him some respite Astolfus or Adolphus Successor to Alaric made a Peace with the Romans upon conditions that Honorius should consent to Marry his Sister Placidia with Astolfus and that the King should Reign quiet Possessor of that part of Gaule called Narbonensis which Alaric had conquered From Christ 411. So Honorius being no longer disturbed by this so formidable power found the means to chastize by his Lieutenants three The Tyâ—ants p 〈…〉 sh'd Tyrants who in the time of the last Miserys in Italy had took on them the Title of Emperors viz. Constantine with Jovian his Son in Gaule Maximin in Spain and Heraclian in Italy But he could not hinder several Foreign Nations to establish themselves powerfully in many of the principal Western Provinces which they had invaded and was forc'd to suffer the Sweves in Andalouzia Sweves Vandalls and Allains in Spain Burgundians in Gaule the Vandals and the Allains in part of Baetica which from their name was also called Andalouzia he was constrain'd to give the like suffrance to the Burgundians who had posted themselves in that part of Gaule which from their Name is still call'd Burgundy The Huns who could not possibly Huns in Panonia be driven out of Pannonia gave the Name of Hungary to that Province Astolfus having broke his Peace with the Romans was forc'd again to begit of them by the great advantages that Cantance a Lieutenant General of Honorius had gain'd over them but the Goths thinking this Peace disgraceful to them kill'd Astolfus who had made it and put in his place Kings of the Goths Sigerie who dying about a Year after had Vallius to succeed him who agreed with Honorius on reasonable conditions which pleas'd the Goths to wit That besides that part of Gaule called Narbonensis they should have a part of the Country of Spain which bordered on the Mediteranean From Christ 415. Innocentius Bishop of Rome Successor to Bishop of Rome Anastatius died Zozimus who succeeded Innocentius held the See but Sixteen Months After his Death there arose a Schism in that Church between Boniface A Schism in the Church of Rome and Eulalius both chosen by a party of the Clergy and the People From Christ 418. The French descended from Chersonesus Cimbrike advanc'd towards the Maine and gave to the Country where that River passes the name of Franconia which it still retains Pharamond King of the French The death of St. Jerome They chose for their King Pharamond who is recorded to have been the first King of that Nation From Christ 420. St. Jerome a very Learned Person in the Holy Scripture and the Hebrew Language died at Bethlem where he retired himself from Rome He had been Secretarâ— to Pope Damasus but being Secandalized at the Luxury of the Roman Clergy he went over to Palestine where he lived a
as he deserv'd the Government was Re-establish'd in its right Method The Emperor perswaded by his Wife and pious Sister resolved to Assemble a Council to Redress the Divisions of the Church but he could not execute his Resolution being prevented by Death which seized on him that Year in The Death of Theodosius the Fiftieth of his Age and the Forty Third of his Reign A Prince without Vice Pious and of an extraordinary Good Temper but Weak and very easie to be Governed by those who were near him From Christ 450. He dying without Issue the Senate People and Soldiers chose with a common suffrage Martian for their Emperor Martian Emperor who from a common Soldier rose by his Valour and great Conduct to the highest Commands in the Army Pulcheria having Pulcheria Marrys him procur'd by her Interest to raise him to this high Dignity marry'd him on this Condition as the Historians of that time have Written That they should live Chastly together as Brother and Sister From Christ 451. A little while after by the Authority of the two Emperors Valentinian and Martian a Council was Assembled of Six Hundred The Council of Chalcedon and Thirty Bishops in the City of Chalcedon The Errors of Eutychus were there Condemned and their Author Banish'd as also some Bishops his Adherents among others Dioscorus Bishop of Alexandria The Council confirmed what had been already Decreed by that of Constantinople under Theodosius the Great touching the Equality of Precedence between the Bishops of Rome and Constantinople notwithstanding the Displeasure resented by the Legats of Leo Bishop of Rome Attyla King of the Huns was come with Attyla King of the Huns. a formidable Army which reach'd from the Banks of Tanais even unto the heart of Gaule Ravaging and Destroying all that dared to oppose him The City of Orleans refused to Surrender and while he besieged it Aetius Prefect of the Gaules made a League with Meroveus King of the French Theodorick King of the Goths and Gondicar King of the Buâ—gundians against this common Enemy The Confederates came to meet him before Orleans with their united Forces so soon as they approach'd Attyla raised the Siege and retreated they follow'd and overtook him in the Cataulaunike Plains where they overcome him with a mighty Slaughter of Overcome near Chalons Men. After this great Overthrow he retired into Illyria where he gathered together another Army greater then his first he came back into Italy took and destroyed Enters into Italy Aquilia and after that all the other Towns he past through so that he might have gone even to Rome if he had not been diswaded from going there by Bishop Leo who came to meet him and prevailed with him to March another way He past a second time into Gaule where Is again defeated in Gaule he was once more Defeated by Torismond King of the Goths and Sangiban King of the Allanes so being forc'd to retire he stopt in Panonia with his Huns from whom Panonia called Hungary that Province was called Hungary There as he was Celebrating his Nuptial with a Young Lady a Daughter of the King of the Bactrians who voluntarily had followed him he Gorged himself so Excessively The Death of Attyla with Eating and Drinking that it choak'd him From Christ 352. The People round about Aquilia and other neighbouring Counties of the Continent to preserve themselves from the Fury of Attyla retired to the Islands at the end of the Adriatick Sea which gave there the first Beginning to that wonderful City which from the Name of Heneti or Veneti was called Venice which by process of Venice time is become chief of a powerful Republick The British Islanders being infested by the frequent Incursions of the Scots or Picts applied themselves to Aetius Prefect of the Gauls to help them against their cruel Enemies He could not well supply them with Succors having to deal with Attyla and other Barbarians who ravaged Gaul Whereupon the Britains implored the Aid of the Saxons Who came over under the Command of Hengist with so vast an Army that in a little time they became Masters of that Country which took the Name of England Whether it was from the Angles the The Saxons in Britain chief People of the Saxons or else from Hengist by Contraction with the Word Land which signifies the Earth from The Name of England whence was derived the Name of England Valentinian was an imprudent Prince and was also wicked and debauch'd He The Death of Aetius put to Death Aetius Prefect of the Gauls upon false grounded Suspitions of his Fidelity And to fill up the Measure of his great Injustice he made use of a cunning Stratagem to violate the Wife of the Senator Maximus Grand-son to that Maximus who had taken the Title of Emperor and had been overcome and killed by Theodosius the Great This last vâ—â—lent Act of Valentinian cost him his Life For the Wife of that Senator died with extream Grief for the irreparable Injury she sustained Her Husband to Revenge himself seduc'd the Soldiers The Death of Valentinian III. who without making it known who did set them on killed Valentinian So Maximus having made an Interest Maximus Emperor with the Paetorian Bands they proclaimed him Emperor and the Senate acquiess'd to it more willingly because he married Eudoxia Daughter to Theodosius the Younger and Widow to Valentinian From Ch. 455. Maximus reap'd small Advantage by his Treason he was so indiscreet to discover the Secret to his new Wife thinking by that means to give her a full Assurance of his Loyal Love But the only Effect it wrought upon her was to make her resolve to Revenge the Death of her first Husband by that of the Second To which end she privately sollicited Genseric King of the Vandals to come into Italy Where he arrived with that Expedition that Maximus being not in a Condition to resist him fled from Rome to save himself in the Mountains but he was stoned to Maximus killed Death by the People enraged against him for his base Flight From Christ 456. Three Days after Genseric had entred Genseric takes Rome Rome and wasted it more cruelly than the Goths had done he had not time to ruine it utterly For the Winter approaching obliged him to set Sail for Africk to secure the vast Riches he had plundered and the great Number of Illustrious Prisoners he had taken among whom were the Empress Eudoxia with her two Daughters Eudoxia and Placidia After Genseric was retreated Avitus was acknowledg'd Emperor of Rome The Avitus Emperor Army of the Gauls having before proclaimed him But the Romans soon grew weary of him finding his Court composed not only of Gauls but also of Officers and Soldiers of his Army being the most part Barbarians Finding himself to be very much hated for that Cause he willingly resign'd up the Empire and retired to
Auvergne his Native Country to live there as a private Person expressing a great Mark of his Moderation and Temper Martian a good and pious Prince died The Death of Martian as he was designing to redress the Troubles of the Western Empire The Senate and People of Constantinople Leon Emperor put in his place Leon who highly deserv'd that Sovereignty He took presently a Colleague who was endued with the same Qualities He was Najoranus Emperor called Majoranus whom he sent into the West to settle Affairs there in the best Order after the miserable Ruines the Barbarians had made All which he effected for he repaired the City of Rome setled all His Exploits things in very good Order and Peace in the Provinces then past over into Africk against Genseric whom he defeated in many Rencounters besieged in Carthage and had by taking that City given Satisfaction for the Disgrace of Rome if Sickness had not surpriz'd him being forc'd to raise the Siege and to go back into Italy His Death He was there kill'd by Rycimer who being originally a Barbarian had been raised to the Dignity of Patrician by the Emperor Leon and in regard he commanded the Army that was come with Majoranus it was not difficult for him to kill this good and brave Prince and to put in his place the Senator Severus who came along with Severus Emperor him into Italy From Christ 461. In the same Year died Leo Bishop of Rome Bishop of Rome Sur-named the Great as well for his extraordinary good Qualities as also because he had done more than any of his Predecessors to establish more and more the Grandeur of his See The same Rycimer who had killed Majoranus The Death of Severus killed also his Successor Severus who was very much regretted by the Romans because he had spent the four Years of his Reign in making War against the Barbarians After his Death the Western Empire was two Years without an Emperor at length Anthemius was sent there in that Anthemius Emperor Bishops of Rome Quality The same Year he arrived at Rome Hillarius Successor to Leon died there In the five following Years they made most unfortunately a War against Genseric A War against Genseric which was occasioned by the Cowardize of Basiliscus Brother-in-Law to Leon to whom that Emperor had given the Command of his Army The same Rycimer who had killed Majoranus and Severus murthered also Anthemius Anthemius killed Olibrius Emperor and Rycimer dying soon after Olibrius succeeded Anthemius having married Placidia after she had been set at Liberty and was sent back into Italy by Genseric A little while after Olibrius being dead The Death of Olibrius Gondibar Grand-son to Rycimer and Successor in his Royal Power raised to the Empire Glycericus who had a great Employ Glicerius Emperor in the Court of the last Emperors The Emperor Leo died leaving his Grandson The Death of Leo. to Reign in his place under the Tutelage of Zeno an Isaurian Father of the young Prince whose Mother was Ariadne Daughter to Leon. Some time before there was sent into Italy in the Quality of Emperor Nepos a Nepos Emperor Person of high Birth Upon his Arrival at Rome Glicerius willingly resigned the Empire to him and retired to Salona in Dalmatia where he was Bishop From Christ 475. Orestes a Goth by Nation and Lieutenant to Nepos in Gaul revolted against The Revolt of Orestes him came into Italy and forc'd him from thence He retired to Salona to Glicerius so he left the Empire of the West to be dispos'd of by Orestes Who there plac'd his Son Momillus to whom he gave the Name of Romulus The Romans in derision called him Augustulus They had so Augustulus Emperor great a Disdain and Hatred for the Father and Son they sent for Odoacres King of the Herules He came conquered took Orestes killed Prisoner and put to Death Orestes Then the Romans having acknowledged him for their Chief Odoacres put Augustulus into Augustulus in Prison Prison where he spent the Remainder of his Days From Christ 476. So Odoacres being Master of Italy the Odoacres King of Italy Title of Emperor was there changed to that of King contrary to the last Will and Testament of the Emperor Leo. The great Zeno his Son-in-Law had Basiliscus Emperor taken the Title of Emperor Basiliscus Brother-in-Law to Leo assumed it also and drove Zeno out of Constantinople But for a short time for Zeno soon after re-establish'd himself there and expelled Basiliscus again From Christ 477. Hunric succeeded his Father Genseric King Genseric dies Hunric his Successor of the Vandals in Africk who died that Year having Reigned Thirty eight Years in which time he had much embroiled the Empire He gave as great Disturbance to the Church for being a fierce Arrian he most cruelly persecuted the Orthodox As may be read in the History which Victor Victor of Utica of Utica has writ of that Persecution There has been already mentioned the Establishment of the French Monarchy Kings of the French under Pharamond their first King Clodion had succeeded him Sur-named Le Cheveleux from the Custom he introduc'd among the Princes of that Nation to wear long Hair He had past the Rhine and gained remarkable Victories on the other side of that River He was afterwards driven out by the Romans and died as he was preparing to repass the Rhine Meroveus his Successor was firmly establish'd in Gaul by the Defeat of Attyla and by the Death of Aetius so that a part of that Country began to be called France since the time of that King's Reign from whose Name also those of the first Line were stiled Merovingians He died and left a vast Dominion to his Son Childeric The Adventures of this King are Recorded in the History of France where may be seen that after he had been Dethroned and Re-establish'd he considerably enlarged his Kingdom and left it in a very flourishing Condition to his Son Clouis From Christ 482. Simplitius Bishop of Rome Successor to Bishops of Rome Hillarius died From Christ 483. The Emperor Zeno falling into a Fit of Zeno ' s Death the Epilepsie his Wife Ariadne caused him to be buried for dead and the Vault to be closed up being come out of his Fit he died there most miserably crying out for help but all in vain For the Empress had plac'd Guards near the Tomb to hinder any from taking him out Soon after Anastatius doubly filled his Anastatius Emperor place in his Bed by marrying Ariadne and in his Throne to which he was raised by the means of that Empress From Christ 491. Faelix Bishop of Rome Successor to Simplicius Bishops of Rome died He had condemned two Peters one of which was Bishop of Alexandria Sur-named Mungus the other of Antioch called Fullon Favourers of the Theopaschytes Spawns
Childebert and the Successors to Thierry were extinct in Theobald who died without Issue so that Childebert also leaving no Children all the French Monarchy devolved to Clotaire the only remaining Son of Clouis From Christ 560. He enjoyed this Soveraign power but two Years after his death his four Sons French Kings divided again the Monarchy Childebert was King of Paris Gontran of Orleans Chilperic of Soissons and Sigebert of Mets or Austratia From Christ 562. The Great Captain Bellisarius died in The Death of Bellisarius disgrace with his Prince and by that means fell into so great Poverty that History observes it as a very extraordinary Example of the instability of humane Affairs though there are some Writers who not only doubt of what has been remark'd of him but say on the contrary that he died in the greatest height of Glory and Riches cherish'd by Justinian as he deserved for the great services he had rendered to the Emperor and Empire Others say it was John the Exconsul who carried on the Wars in Africa after Belisarius who was depriv'd of all his Dignities and reduc'd to Beggary by Justinian Justinian died he had done things worthy The Death of Justinian of Eternal Memory but he eclipsed the Glory of them having showed himself too Passionate in Business of very little importance concerning Religion yet by his Obstinacy he disturbed the Peace of the Church and was at last infected with Eutychian Errors From Christ 565. Justin the second of that Name Son Justin the II. his Successor to the Sister of Justinian succeeded him in the Empire A vicious Prince and very cruel to one Justin his near Kinsman whom he put to death out of Envy sugjested against him because of the Reputation he acquired by his excellent Qualities He was ungrateful to Narses whom he treated ignominously after the great Services this brave Eunuch had rendered to The History of Marses The Lombards in Italy the Empire which occasioned considerable Disorders for Narses incenst by his ill usage called the Lombards into Italy Neither Beâ—isarius nor Narses are to be thought to have been Eunuchs according to the common Acceptation of the Word but rather Lord Chamberlains to the Emperor Eunuchs being one who looks afther the Chambers of a Prince These People originally from Scythia had planted themselves in the Northern part of Germany from whence invited by Narses they were brought into Italy by Albovin or Alboinus their King who easily became Masters of Friouli having taken Aquileia and afterwards Pavia and Millan with all that part of Italy which from the Name of this People is still called Lombardy In the mean time Narses being dead the Emperor sent Longinus into Italy with the Title of Exarke he and his Successors The Exarkâ—â—e of Ravenna Bishop of Rome in that Command made their usual residence at Revenna a Neighbouring City to the Lombards with design to oppose them John the Third Bishop of Rome and Successor to Pelagius died From Christ 572. Albouin King of the Lombards having Albouin King of the Lombards at a great Feast made his Wife Rosamunda drink out of a Cup made of the Scull of her Father this cruelty so incensed her that she caused her Husband to be kill'd From Christ 574. The Lombards put in his place Clophis or Clephes who died within a Year the People The Duke of Lombardy being wearied with the Kingly Government chose Thirty Dukes to whom the Administration of the Kingdom was committed From Christ 575. Bishop of Rome Benedict or Bonosus Successor to John the Third died From Christ 577. Justin by his Debaucherys fell into a Justin the second 's Death Tiberius the second Emperor great weakness of Body and Mind and at length died Tiberius who had Governed during the infirmity of Justin succeeded him at his Death with a general applause as his great Qualities deserv'd being reproved by his Wife for being too liberal to the Poor he reply'd God would repay him and soon after found a vast Treasure which had been hid by Narses the Eunuch In the four Years of his Reign the Exarks maintained a War in Italy against the Lombards while Mauritius the Lieutenant of Tiberius made War against the Persians with great Glory and Advantage so that this brave chief not only obtain'd the Honour of a Triumph but also to marry the Daughter of his Master and to be His Death Mauritius his Successor design'd his Successor in the Empire at length Tiberius being dead Mauritius took his place with the applause of the Senate and People From Christ 583. Lenigildus King of the Wisigoths submitted Kings of the Wisigoths in Spain himself with all that the Sweveâ— were possest of viz. Lusitania and some other parts more Northern of that Country where six or Seven Swevish Kingâ— The end of the Swevish Kings in Spain had Reigned successively for the space of a Hundred and Seventy Years The Lombards took away the Government Kings of the Lombards of their States from their Thirty Dukes and re-establish'd their Monarchy by setting Antaris rather Autharus on the Throne the Son of Cleophis or Clephes who had been their King Under this Antaris or Autarus his Subjects who till that time were Idolaters They become Christians embrac'd Christianity But by great misfortune they who Catechized them being Arrians infected them with their Errors On the contrary the Wisigoths in Spain of Arrians became Catholicks with their King Ricaredus the Son and Successor to Lewigildus Hermenigildus the Eldest had before made profession of the Catholick Faith by the perswasion of his Wife a French Princess which caused a great difference between this Prince and his Father who was extreamly bigotted to Arrianism so that at last they came to an open War wherein Hermenigildus being taken Prisoner his Father caused him to be beheaded Pelagius the second Bishop of Rome Bishop of Rome Successor to Benedict died of the Plague which desolated Italy From Christ 598. Antaris or Autharus King of the Lombards Kings of the Lombards being dead they gave to Theodolinda his Queen Dowager the power to name a Successor for her Bed and for the Throne She chose Aigulphus to whom as well as to all the Kingdom she procured the greatest Happiness perswading them to become Catholicks In the six Become Catholicks Years that followed this Conversion Aigulphus or Egilolphus enlarged his Kingdom by the conquest of Perousia Spoletta Beneventum and Cortona Of the four Sons of Clotaire Charibert Kings of the French King of Paris dying without issue Male Sigibert King of Metz and Chilperic King of Soissons quarrelled about the Succession Sigibert having overcome Chilperick in Battle took Paris but he was killed soon after by the Intriegues of Fredegonda whom Chilperic had espouzed in the place of Audery his lawful Wife so Chilpric became Master of Paris yet but for a
short time For Frediganda caused him to be killed by Landry de la Tour her Gallant to prevent Landry de la Tour. the Effects of the Kings just displeasure who had discovered the Intreagues of Fredigunda and Landry Chilperic had put to death Meroveus and Clovis whom he had by his Wife Audery so Clotaire the second whom he had by Fredegunda Fredegunda succeeded him On the other side Gontrian King of Orleans dying without Children let by his last Testament his Dominions to his other Nephew Childebart King of Austrasia who by what was left him becoming very powerful made a resolution to revenge the death of his Father on Fredegunda but he was overcome in Battle by her who was there present holding in her Arms the Young Clotaire Childebert being deeply perplex'd and asham'd to have been overcome by a Woman fell sick and died leaving two Sons Theodobert King of Austrasia and Thierry King of Burgundia both of them under Brunehault the care of Brunehâ—ult their Grandmother the Widow of Sigebert King of Austrasia So all the French Monarky being Govern'd by two Women one as wicked as the other it was not long before they fell out Fredegunda was the more Fortunate for she had always great Success in War against Brunehault so that she left her Son Clotaire in quiet Possession of the Kingdoms of Paris and Soissons This Woman though she was guilty of many Crimes yet died a natural Death Aigulphus King of the Lombards had made Peace with the Exark in Italy the Emperor Mauritius also concluded a Peace with Cosroes the Son Successor and Murtherer of his Father Hormisdas and in France Brunehauld lost her credit with her two Grandsons The three Kings lived in great Amity so that there was a A General Peace General Peace at the end of this Century From Christ 600. The learned Men who lived at that The Learned Men. Jornandes time were Jornandes a Gothish Bishop who Writ the History of the Wars between his Nation and the Romans Agathyas Agathyas a Grecian Writ the History of Justin and of Justinian with the Exploits of Bellisarius and Narses Count Marcellinus composed the Annals Marcellinus from the death of Valens to the 20th Year of Justinian Evagrius the Ecclesiastical Evagrius History from the time where Zozomenus ended to the 12th year of Mauritius Gregory Gregory of Tours Bishop of Tours the History of the French from the beginning of their Monarky to the end of this Age. The Seventh Age. THe Sclavonians a people of Scythia The Sclavonians past the Danube and and possest several Provinces of the Empire from whence they were expelled by an Army which the Emperor Mauritius sent against them but this victorious Army having Mutined proclaim'd Phocas Emperor one Phocas Emperor of their chief Leaders This Rebel marched presently to Constantinople and made himself Master of it where he seized on The Death of Mauritius the Emperor Mauritius and cut off his Head From Christ 603. After he had done the same to his Children before their Fathers Eyes which he endured with a Resignation and Patience most like a Christian He was â— Prince worthy of high esteem for his great Qualitys had he not dishonour'd them by his extream Avarice of which he gave a most cruel Example upon an occasion where he suffered a great number of Prisoners taken by the Sclavonians to be slaughtered rather then he would ransome them at a Crown a head the Sclavonians offering to release them for that price Gregory Bishop of Rome called the Great Gregory the Great Bishop of Rome Successor to Pelagius the second died Among his Works there are somethings very curious others tainted with Superstition which began to be introduc'd into the Church It is also markt of him that he refused to explain the Maximes of Christianity he is likewise much blamed for the flattering ways he used to Phocas who was rather look'd on as a Tyrant then a lawful Emperor From Christ 604. The Native Britans had been Christians for three or four Centurys but the English The affairs of England Saxons who had been Masters of that Island for a Hundred and Fifty Years were Pagans They had divided their Conquests into several Monarkys Ethelbert King Ethelbert turnâ—d Christian King of Mercia which was the greatest of those Kingdoms by the perswasion of Birtha his Wife a French Princess was very willing to embrace Christianity upon which Gregory sent him Augustin the Augustin the Monk sent into England Monk with some others who Baptized him and introduced as much as they could possibly the Ceremonies of Rome into that Church which the Ancient Brittish Bishops fiercly opposed From Christ 605. Sabinianus Bishop of Rome and Successor Bishopâ— of Rome to Gregory was remarkable for nothing but for his hatred he exprest against the Memory of his Predecessor and for his most sordid Avarice There was a Years interval between his Death and the Election of Boniface the Third and ten Months from the Death of that Boniface and the choosing of Boniface the Fourth From Christ 607. In the time of Gregory John called the Younger Bishop of Constantinople had assumed The Title of universal Bishop the Title of Universal Bishop Gregory had reprehended him for it in very sharp Terms alledging that this haughty Title could not be usurp'd by any one but the Forerunner of Antichrist In the mean time the two Bonifaces who succeeded Gregory address'd themselves to Phocas to obtain that Title to which he complied on Condition that they should acknowledge him lawful Emperor So that the Roman Pontificate may be said to have obtain'd the Title of Head of the Church not from St. Peter but from the Emperor Phocas The Tyrannick Government of this Usurper Phocas killed provok'd at last the Grandees of the Empire to kill him The Conspirators set up in his place Heraclius one of the Heraclius chiefest among them From Christ 610. Theodebert King of Austrasia scandaliz'd at the most dissolute Life of his Grandmother Kings of the French Brunehauld banish'd her his Court She being retired to the Court of her other Grandson Thierry King of Burgundy perswaded him that Theodebert was not the Son of Childebert which made a War between the two Brothers where Theodebert was killed Not long after Brunehauld disgusted by Thierry poyson'd him and set up for King one of his Bastards But The Death of Brunehault the Nobility of the two Kingdoms of Austrasia and Burgundy not being able longer to suffer this most wicked Woman delivered her up to Clotaire who punish'd her as her most heinous Crimes deserved So all the Royal Members of the French Monarchy were re-united under one Chief Clotair the Second From Christ 614. John the Exarch was slain by the People enraged against him for laying too The affairs of Italy heavy Taxes on them Eleutherius
under the Kings Predecessors to those before named Gregory the Second having succeeded Popes Pope Constantine excommunicates and declares Leo to have forfeited his Right to the Empire because this Emperor had A Quarrel about Images made a Law against Worshipping of Images which was introduc'd into the Greek Church In consequence of the Pope's Excommunication Luitprand King of the Lombards being in League with Gregory seized on the Exarchat of Ravenna the Exarch and almost all the Emperor's Officers having been killed in that War The King of Lombardy and the Pope divided between them the conquered Towns From Christ 729. A great Number of the Saracens of Spain The Saracens defeated near Tours in a Battle having past into France under the Command of Abderacmanus or Abderamus Charles Martel defeated them near Toursin a Battle where Abderamus was killed with more than Three hundred thousand of his Soldiers From Christ 430. The Quarrel about Images depending Gregory the Third Successor to Gregory the Popes Second continued to maintain their Worship against the Emperor Leo. After the Death of Thierry Titular King The Affairs of France Thâ—â— pâ—oâ—ts of Charles Martel of France there were six or seven Years of an Interregnum Charles Martel in the mean time possess'd of the whole Sovereign Power and Authority forced Eude Duke of Aquitain with his Sons and Successors Hunaut and Hatton to pay him Homage He drove out the Saracens from Provence and the Lower Languâ—doâ— and pursued his Conquests against them into the midst of Spain In that Country Pelagius as he said was descended from the ancient Kings of the Wâ—sigoths and had set up himself against the Saracens in the Mountains of Asturia as likewise did his Son Favila who left his small Dominions to Alphonso his Brother-in-Law who found means to aggrandize himself by the Advantages Charles Martel had gained over the Saracens From Christ 740. The Emperor Leo died His Memory The Death of Leo. has been as much calumniated by the Image-Worshippers as it was revered by the contrary Party The Historians of his time applaud him for many Virtues and say he was a Religious Observer of the six first Councils Constantine the Fifth Sur-named Capronimus Constantine Capronimus succeeds Leo. Popes his Son succeeded him From Christ 741. Gregory the Third died he was fallen out with Luytprand K. of the Lombards who had besieged him at Rome and had taken him there had it not been by the Intercession of Charles Martel whose Help the Pope implored and at the same time sent him the Keys of the Sepulcher of St. Peter with the Title of Patrician Gregory had to succeed him Zachariâ—s In that time lived John Damascene and Beda The Death of Charles Martel Hâ—â—â—â—ree Sons Charles Martel died He was so powerful that he left his Three Sons Ca 〈…〉 an Pâ—pin and Grypho Masters of the Kingdom of France From Christ 742. Artabasades Brother-in-Law to Constantine Artabasades Revolt punish'd caused himself to be proclaimed Emperor at Constantinople where re-assuming his Authority he seized on the Usurper and ordered his Eyes to be put out Hildebrand Grand-Son to Luytprand King Kings of the Lombards of the Lombards was by them deposed and Rachis set up in his place From Christ 743. This Prince compil'd a Supplement to the Laws of that Nation He made himself a Monk upon which the Lombards substituted Aistulphus Carloman turning also a Monk the sole Pepin sole Monarch of France Power of the French Monarchy devolved to Pepin Grypho being so inconsiderable that they made no Account of him From Christ 750. At length Pepin was solemnly declared He is declared King King by an Assembly of the principal of that Nation After the Death of his Father he had given the Title of King to Childeric who was said to be of the Blood Royal. This wretched Fantom was shaved and put into a Monastery From Christ 752. Pope Zacharias died He had consented Popeâ— to all that was done in France He was neither a skilful Geographer nor a learned Theologian For as to the first he excommunicated a Bishop for asserting there were Antipodes And for the second he held the Opinion of the Jews in what related to the eating of clean or unclean Meat Constantine caused a Council to be held Tâ—â— Council condâ—mned Images at Constantinople where the Worship of Images was condemned From Christ 754. Alstulphus King of the Lombards having taken Ravenna Pope Stephen the Second came into France to implore Help of Pepin This King going into Italy forc'd the Pepin in Italy King of the Lombards to restore what he had taken From Christ 756. Hunau't Duke of Aquitain being turned Monk and Giafre his Son refusing to pay Homage to Pepin this Prince compelled him to do his Duty Pope Paul had succeeded his Brother Popes Stephen the Second Paul being dead Toto Duke of Nepesinum set up by Force in that See his Brother Constantine At the same time an opposite Faction chose one Philip And a Third Faction Stephen the Third of that Name whose Faction being the strongest prevailed and sent Philip back to the Monastry whence he was taken and caused the Eyes of Constantine to be put out There be those also who write that he was burnt by the Priests of a Synod where he had been deposed From Christ 768. Pepin died leaving Neustria to Charles 〈◊〉 Death 〈◊〉 Pâ—pin his eldest Son and Austrasia to his younger Son Carloman From Christ 769. Carloman having lived but two Years after his Father all the French Monarchy descended to Charlemain so called for his high Merit and great Actions From Christ 771. After Stephen the Third Adrian was Popes Pope who being at Difference with Dedier King of the Lombards Successor to Aistulphus this King divested him of the greatest part of the Exarchat of Ravenna The Pope had recourse to Charlemain who past into Italy and in the space of two Years having had great Success over Dedier at last took him in Pavia which put an end to the Kingdom of the Lombards after it had lasted above Two hundred Years Dedier died in France where he was sent Prisoner From Christ 774. Charlemain being victorious made himself Charlemain King of Italy to be Crowned King of Italy by the Arch-Bishop of Millan in a little Town called Monza where was kept the Iron The Iron Crown Crown of the ancient Kings of Lombardy The Emperor Constantine died leaving The Death of Constantine his Memory to be detested by the Image-Worshippers and to be honoured by those who opposed that Worship His Son and Successor Leo the Fourth Leo IV. his Son and Successor followed his Father's Opinion in that Point From Christ 775. Adalgize the Son of Dedier having by Adalgize the Son of Dedyer drivec ouâ— of Italy by Charlemain the Assistance of the Emperor Leo regain'd part of Lombardy Charlemain
returned thither drove out Adalgize and recovered all he had taken From Christ 776. Charlemain made his first Expedition against His first War against the Saxons the Saxons which was attended with his usual good Success In an Assembly held by him at Paderburn he was importun'd to pass into Spain Against the Saracens in Spain against the Saracens by Adala one of their Kings who was at Difference with the other Kings of that Country From Christ 777. Charlemain went thither where he conquered all the Country that lies along the Pyreneans from one Sea to the other containing Navarre Arragon and Catalonia yet he received a Check in his return at the Pass of Roncevaux in the Pyreneans where he lost among others his Nephew Orlando killed the famous Orlando The Saxons having been often beaten Vindikind Duke of the Saxons and as often reduc'd at last submitted themselves embracing Christianity with their brave Duke Vindikind The Emperor Leo the Fourth died in The Death of Leo IV. high Esteem with those who were against Worshipping of Images and on the contrary as much condemned by those who favoured it His Son and Successor Constantine the Sixth called Porphyrogenitus being not above Constantine VI. Irene his Mother Nine Years old was left under the Tutelage of his Mother Irene From Christ 780. She called together a Council at Nice The Second Council at Nice for Images to establish the Worship of Images which was done by a Concert between the Eastern Bishops of Irene's Party and the Legates of Pope Adrian From Christ 787. Charlemain caused a Council to be assembled The Council at Franckfort against Images at Franckfort on the Main where he was present with Three hundred Bishops from all parts of the West who condemned the Worship of Images Nor did Pope Adrian whose Legates were there oppose this Condemnation From Christ 794. This Pope died having sate in the Papal Popes Chair Twenty four Years In all which time he managed himself so dextrously between the two great Powers of Christendom that he was equally esteemed by both tho' their Interests and Sentiments were very different especially in what related to Images Pope Leo III. his Successor demanded and obtained of Charlemain to be confirmed in his Election From Christ 796. Constantine being grown up a Man Irene Irene ' s Cruelty to her Son his Mother finding she could no longer support her Authority in the Government in a Rage put out her Son's Eyes Heaven was so highly incens'd at this horrid Cruelty that for Seventeen Days Constantinople was deprived of the Light of the Sun From Christ 797. Pope Leo having been put in Prison by his Predecessor's Kindred who accused him of many Crimes the Commissaries of Charlemain releas'd him He then came into France to justifie himself before Charlemain The King sent him back to Rome where he also went himself in the last Year of this Century to be fully informed of that Affair The Pope clear'd himself by his Oath which the King made him take This being done the Romans proclaimed Charlemain Emperor King Charlemain Emperor the Pope with the chief of the City payed him Homage on their Knees From Christ 800. The Ninth Age. THE Senate and People of Constantinople wearied with the ill Government of a very perverse unnatural Woman Irene expelled Nicephorus Emperor The Treaty between him and Charlemain expelled Irene and plac'd on the Imperial Throne Nicephorus one of the chief Officers of the Court. Charlemain treated with Nicephorus about the Rights and Laws of the Empire The two Emperors agreed to divide the Titles and Priviledges of their Empires so that Charles and his Successors should have the Western Parts as Nicephorus and his Successors the Eastern From Christ 803. The Seven following Years were peaceable in the West on the contrary in the East the Caliph Aaron waged War so successfully A disadvantageous Peace with the Caliph th 〈…〉 e forc'd Nicephorus to demand a Peace disgraceful to him and the Empire For by the Articles he was obliged to pay a Tribute to the Caliph and particularly for his Head and for the Head Nicephorus killed Michael Curopalatus Emperor and made himself a Monk of his Son Stauratius From Christ 810. Nicephorus was killed in a Battle against the Bulgarians his Son Stauratius being dangerously wounded fled to Constantinople But he was there compelled to resign the Empire to Michael Curopalatus who enjoyed it but two Years for in an extream Fit of Melancholly occasioned by his being overcome by the Bulgarians he turned Monk and Leo the Fifth an Armenian Leo V Emperor made Emperor of the East in his place From Christ 813. The Emperor Charlemain died in the The Death of Charlemain Seventy Second Year of his Age and the Forty Eighth of his Reign in France and the Fourteenth of his Emperialship A Prince endued with all the greatest Qualities could be desir'd in a Monarch except his Incontinence He was greatly learn'd he had for his Tutor the famous The University of Paris founded Grimbaud founded Oxford and Cambridge Kings of England Alcuin an English-man who 't is said was the first Founder of the University of Paris as also that Grimbaud his Disciple went over into England and laid the Foundations of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge From Christ 814. England was become one sole Monarchy under King Egbart Edgar his Successor reigned at that time It was he who sent for Grimbaud upoâ—â—â—e Occasion before-mentioned Of three lawful Sons that Charlemain The Three Sons of Charlemain had Charles the eldest died without Issue Pepin who died before his Father had left his Son Bernard to succeed him in the Kingdom of Italy Louis the Debonair Emperor and King of France Louis Sur-named The Debonair enjoyed all the rest with the Title of Emperor and King of France Pope Leo the Third had for his Successor Popes Stephen the Fourth who did not wait to be confirmed by Louis but came presently into France and Crowned Louis at Rheims This Pope died and had Pascall for his Successor From Christ 817. Bernard King of Italy attempted to dethrone his Uncle Lewis but this young Prince being abondoned by all his adherents came and threw himself at his Unkles feet but this Louis so Debonair and Clement to all others was not at all so to his Nephew for he most cruelly caused his Eyes to be put out of which he soon after died From Christ 818. The Death of Bernard King of Italy Michael Balbus Emperor At Constantinople Michael Balbus a great person in the Court but of obfcure Parentage convicted of Treason for which he was condemned to dye found means to escape out of Prison and to kill the Emperor Leo and to set himself on his Throne Pascall died he had acquitted himself Popes by his Oath of the Accusation made against him to have put to death
the two deceased Kings From Christ 869. The Emperor Bazilius ordered a Council The Eighth General Council to be held at Cinstantinople which was called the Eighth General Council The Pope's Legates were there and prevail'd to have Photius deposed and to have Ignatius re-establish'd In this Emperor's time The Russians turned Christians the Russians were converted to Christianity Adrian the Second died three Years after this Council was held From Christ 872. Lewis the Second Emperor died Charles King of France his Uncle arrived at Rome before his Brother Lewis the Germanick and was there Crowned Emperor by John the Eighth Successor to Adrian the Second to the great Regret of Lewis the Germanick who died leaving three Sons Carloman Charles and Lewis who shared among them their Father's Dominions comprising all Germany and that part of Austrasia that borders upon it From Christ 876. The Emperor Charles the Second called The Death of the Emperor Charles the Bald. the Bald died poyson'd by his Physitian a Jew Lambert Count of Spoletto and Albert Marquess of Tuscany put Pope John in Prison from whence being escap'd he fled into France where in a Council held at Troye he crowned Lewis le Begue the Third Lewis le Begue Emperor Emperor who died about a Year and a half after He left two Sons Lewis and Carloman whom he had by a Wife of low Extraction whom his Father had forc'd him to repudiate From Christ 880. Tortulus a Lord of Brittany having married a Kinswoman of Charles the Bald from which Marriage came Ingelger who was Father to Foulques Rufus the first Count of Anjou Carloman King of Bavaria being dead The Death of Carloman without lawful Issue Lewis and Charles divided his Dominions Five Princes at that time shared the French Princes French Empire Lewis and Charles Sons of Lewis the Germanick in Germany in Neustria Lewis and Carloman the Sons of Lewis le Begue and in Burguâ—dy and in Provence Boson who had married the Sister of Charles the Bald. Of these five Princes Charles le Gras having Charles le Gras Emperor the Third of that Name made himself Master of Rouse was Crowned Emperor by the Pope King Lewis died in Germany the Emperor Charles inherited his Dominions Lewis one of the Kings of Neustria being The Death of the two Kings Lewis's also dead Carloman his Brother remained the sole King of that Province From Christ 882. He Reigned but two Years at the end of which dying the whole Monarchy was re-united in the Person of Charles the Charles le Gras sole Emperor of France Third Emperor called the Fat tho' there was another Posthumus Son of Lewis le Begue named Charles but so very young that he was not in the least capable to Reign Pope Adrian the Second died and had Popes to succeed him Stephen the Fifth From Christ 885. Paris besieged by the Normans for two The Siege of Paris by the Normans Years was raised not by Force of Arms but by a large Sum which Charles le Gras sent them From Christ 887. Basilius Emperor of the East died and Leo V. Emperor left for his Successor his Son Leo the Fifth Sur-nam'd the Philosopher whose Diligence in the Government of the Empire is very much applauded From Christ 888. The Emperor Charles le Gras died so Charles le Gras starved to Death forsaken and abandoned by all that he had not Bread to eat There remained but two Princes of all Arnold King of Germany the Line of Charlemain Arnold Bastard of Carloman who was acknowledg'd King of all the French possest beyond the Rhine that is to say of all Germany The Second was Charles called the Simple the Posthumus Son of Lewis de Begue Neustria belonged to him by Right but Eudes the Eudes King of Neustria Son of Robert the Strong Count of Anjou was by the Neustrians preferred before him Two other Princes who were of the Collateral Line of Charlemain shared between them what was on this side of the Rhine that is Raoul had the two Burgundies Raoul King of Burgundy and Boson before-mentioned possess'd all from Lyons to the Mediterranean which was called the Kingdom of Arles From Christ 889. In Italy Guy Duke of Spoleto and Berenger Guy Emperor of Germany Berenger King of Italy Duke of Friuli made an Agreement That Guy should have the Title of Emperor with the Kingdom of France and Berenger Italy But Guy finding his place in France possess'd by another returned into Italy and drove out Berenger These two Princes were also of the Collateral Line of Charlemain by the Wives From Christ 890. Arnoldus came to Rome and was there Arnold and Lambert Emperors crowned Emperor by Pope Formosus Successor to Stephen the Fifth tho' Lambert the Son of Guy had took the same Title with that of King of Italy From Christ 896. Pope Formosus being dead his Memory Popes was condemned by his Successor Stephen the Sixth with that Barbarity and Disgrace Formosus condemned that his Body was taken out of his Tomb and thrown into the River Tyber Theodorus Successor to Stephen being dead within a year his Successor John the Ninth re-establish'd the Memory of Formosus but he disannulled the Installment of Arnold Crowned by Formosus and confirmed the Title of Emperor to Lambert From Christ 897. Charles called the Simple had been Charles the Simple King of France brought into England by his Mother Avoiza Daughter to Edward King of England Eudes who had been made King being dead the Neustrians recall'd Charles and acknowledged him their King From Christ 898. Arnold King of Germany and of Lorraine dyed leaving two Sons Lewis his Legitimate Lewis King of Germany and Lorrain Son and Zwendipold his Natural Son the latter dying soon after Lewis became Master of all his Fathers Dominions under the Guardianship of Otho Duke of Saxony or Hatto Archbishop of Ments as others say and Leopold Duke of Bavaria in his time the Hungarians most miserably afflicted the Empire after they had beaten the Emperor in a Battel that lasted three days one after another From Christ 900. The Tenth Age. LEWIS King of Arles having made Lewis K. of Arles made bâ—ing by Berenger the second Emperor two Expeditions into Italy against Berenger the Second who had there taken the Title of Emperor was unfortunate in both of them From Christ 901. In the first he was shamefully Expelled in the second he lost his Eyes by the Command of Berenger who immediately caused himself to be Crowned by the Pope so there were two who assumed the Title of Emperor in Italy From Berenger and Lambert Popes Christ 902. John the Ninth being dead Benedict the Fourth held the See for two Years and after him Leo the Fifth who was Deposed about the end of forty Days by Christophilus and this latter turned out at the end of seven
returned and there committed horrible Excesses at last he was kill'd taken in the Act with a Marryed Woman the Romans having also expel'd Pope Leo plac'd Bennet the Fifth in the Chair Otho who was gone back into Germany returns upon his occasion Re-establish'd Leo and carryed Bennet into Germany Leo being dead John the Thirteenth was made Pope and confirm'd by Otho the Romans offended that the Pope waited to be Confirmed put him in Prison but Otho punish'd them very severely for their Insolence and Re-establish'd John in the Papal See Otho the First died having acquired the Title of Great by his mighty Deeds His Son Otho the Second succeeded him From Christ 973. In the remaining space of time Rome had these following Popes After the Death of John the Thirteenth Domnus three Months after Bennet the Sixth a Popes year after Boniface the Seventh he was Deposed by a Council and fled to Constantinople From Christ 975. Bennet the Seventh Son of Alberic Count of Tusculum was plac'd in the Chair with the consent of Otho John Zimiscus Emperor of Constantinople had great Success in the War against Basilius and Constantin Emperors of the East the Saracens After his Death were plac'd on the Throne the two Sons of Romanus Basilius and Constantin From Christ 977. Otho the Second Emperor and King of The Death of Otho the Second Kings of France Germany dyed From Christ 982. Lewis the Fifth Son of Lothaire succeeded his Father in the Kingdom of France Lewis had justly the Surname of the Idle Prince he Reigned but Sixteen Months Lewis the Fifth deposed and was Deposed by the States General convened at Noyon who plac'd on the Throne Hughes surnamed Capet the Son Hugh Capet King of France of Hughes Count of Paris contrary to the Rights and Pretensions of Charles Duke of Lorrain Brother to their Deceas'd King Lothaire The French refusing Charles because Charles Duke of Lorrain excluded he had acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Emperor Otho by paying him him Homage for Lorrain From Christ 987. Charles used his utmost Endeavours against Hughes but all to no purpose and most unhappily in the end For being Died in Prison Popes betrayed by Ancelin Bishop of Laon he fell into the Hands of Hughes who shut him up in a Tower at Orleans where he died at three Years end He left two Sons Otho and Lewis the first died in Lorrain without Issue and History makes no mention of the other but only of his Name From Christ 994. To Pope John the Sixteenth succeeded Otho III. Emperor John the Seventeenth Otho the Third Emperor and King of Germany Son and Successor to Otho the the Second came into Italy and deposed Pope John the Seventeenth by reason Popes of his wicked debauched Life and put Bruno in his place who was of the House of Saxe and Kinsman to the Emperor This Pope took the Name of Gregory the Fifth The Romans expelled him the See so soon as Otho was returned into Germany but the Emperor coming back to Rome Popes re-establish'd Gregory and deposed John the new Pope who was in the place of Gregory From Christ 998. The latter being dead Otho ordered Gebert for his Successor who had been Tutor to this Emperor and also to Robert Son to Hugh Capet King of France From Christ 999. Boleslaus Duke of the Polanders received Poland made a Kingdom the Title of King from the Emperor Otho From Christ 1000. The Eleventh Age. STEPHEN Duke of Hungary had King of Hungary the same Title of King but held it from the Pope From Christ 1001. Otho the Third died in Italy as it was thought by Poyson Henry called Le Boiteux Duke of Bavaria was elected Emperor by the German Hâ—nry II. Emperor Princes From Christ 1002. Silvester the Second died with the Reputation Popes of a Magician by reason of his profound Learning John the Eighteenth his Successor deprived the People of Rome of the Power they had to give their Voices for the Election of Popes From Christ 1003. John the Nineteenth his Successor excommunicated Robert King of France excommunicated Robert King of France because he had married one of his Kinswomen of the Fourth Degree This strange Thing came from the exceeding great Superstition of those Times that the King 's own Subjects and even Domestick Servants durst not approach his Person by reason of the Excommunication So that he was forced to go to Rome in order to be absolved by the Pope From Christ 1006. There is another Example of the prevailing The Force of Superstition Power of Superstition in those Times of Darkness Guy Viscount of Limoge having imprison'd a Bishop his Subject was obliged to go to Rome to answer the Matter of Fact He was there condemned to be drawn by two wild Horses and the Sentence had been executed but that the Bishop his Adversary had generously saved him The Christians had driven out the Saracens from Castile The Princes of that Castile a Kingdom Country had only the Title of Counts but Sanches who was King of Navarre took the Title of King of Castile by marrying the Heiress Their Son Ferdinand joyned to it the Kingdom of Leon having married the Heiress of that County John the Nineteenth being dead had Popes to succeed him Bennet the Eighth who ordained That none from that Time Emperors confirmed by the Pope should assume the Title of Emperor but with the Consent of the Pope So Henry of Bavaria in Submission to that Decree came to Rome to be Crowned by the Hands of that Pope From Christ 1014. This Emperor Henry died he had the Surname of Boisteux because he was lame and of Chaste having lived with his Wife Cunigundo without Carnal Knowledge by an Agreement between them The Princes of Germany elected in his Conrad II. Emperor place Conrad the Second Duke of Franconia From Christ 1024. The Polanders took Cazimir out of the Cazimir a Monk of Cluny King of Poland Monastry of Cluny where he had made himself a Monk and had taken the Order of Deacon they made him their King by reason there was no other Prince living of the Blood Royal. To Bennet the Eighth succeeded John Popes the Twentieth who Crowned the Emperor Conrad coming to Rome for that purpose From Christ 1027. Constantine Reigned sole Emperor of the East by the Death of his Brother Basilius which hapned some Years before Constantine dying this Year in his place Romanus Romanus the Third Emperor of the East Argyrophilus his Son-in-Law succeeded him in the Empire From Christ. 1029. Robert King of France a wise and brave Kings of France Prince died He had re-united to the Crown the Dutchy of Burgundy which returned to him by the Death of his Uncle Henry the County of Burgundy remaining to Otho William Son to the Wife of Henry by another Husband Nephew to Berenger
He was Son of Robert Duke of Normandy who without any regard to the Right of William Count of Arles his lawful Son had left his Dutchy at his Death to his Bastard Son William From Christ 1066. At Constantinople Eudoxia the Widdow of Constantin Ducas marrying Romanus the Ramanus IV. Emperor of the East Fourth surnamed Diogenes caused him to be chosen Emperor This new Prince was taken Prisoner by the Soldan of Egypt who after having rudely treated him at last restored him his Liberty without Ransom but being returned to Constantïnople his Eyes were put out by Michael Ducas Michael Ducas Emperor of the East the seventh of that Name who ascended the Throne of his Father Constantin After the Death of Pope Alexander the Second the famous Hildebrand was made Pope under the name of Gregory the Popes Sixth He was Native of Sienna and had been a Monk at Cluny He enjoy'd the Estate of the Countess Matilda Princess Ma 〈…〉 a. Countess and Princess of Tuscany A Quarrâ—l bâ—tweâ—n the Pope and the Emperor of Tuscany in possession of a part of Liguria which she inherited of her Father the Marquis Bonifacius From Christ 1072. This was the first occasion of the Quarrel between the Pope and the Emperor Henry the Fourth the second cause was the Right the Emperor claimed to invest Bishops by the Crosier and the Ring the Emperor on his side Assembled the Estates of the Empire who declared Gregory a false Pope on the other part Gregory excommunicated the Emperor and all The Emperor Excommunicated those of his Party From Christ 1023. This Sentence had corrupted all Germany so that in an Assembly of the Princes and other Members of the Empire held at Oppenheim it was resolved That Henry should not be acknowledged Emperor till he was reconciled to the Pope He humbled himself to the Pope so Henry was obliged to go upon this occasion into Italy where he humbled himself before the Pope in a very surprising manner But the Reception and Treatment he received from the Pope seemed so very insolent to the Germans as also to the Italians that they all returned to the Obedience of Henry who by that means easily destroyed the Faction of Rodolphus Rodolphus overcome by Henry to whom the Pope had given the Title of Emperor From Christ 1077. Henry having thus Re-establish'd himself caus'd Gregory to be Deposed in a Council held at Brixen in Bavaria and put Gilbert Archbishop of Ravenna in his place under the Name of Clement the Third From Christ 1078. At Constantinople Michael Ducas the Seventh was put into a Monastry by Nicephorus Botoniates the Third of that Name Nicephorus Botoniates the Third this Nicephorus was treated in the very same manner by Alexius Comnenes From Christ 1080. Henry pass'd into Italy Besieged Rome Henry Besieges Rome but the Pope during the two Years the Siege lasted made a League with Robert Guichard a Norman Prince de la Pouille who The Pope deliverâ—d by Robert Guiccard raised the Siege and reinvested the Pope From Christ 1083. After Guichard was gone back Henry entred Rome and there caused himself to Henry in Rome be Crowned by Clement the Second who was acknowledged Pope by a Synod held in that City From Christ 1084. A Year after Gregory the Seventh died Gregory die 〈…〉 at Salerna highly revered by those of his Party and as much blamed by those of the opposite Party Gregory's Faction gave him no Successor till a Year after his Death then was elected Victor the Third call'd before Dedier Popes an Abbot of Mâ—ntcassin Son to the Duke de Benevent He held the See but a Year his Successor was Otho a Monk of Cluny who took the Name of Urban the Second Nevertheless Clement the Third maintained his Authority all the time in Rome Bruno of Cologne a Chanoine of Reims The Order of the Carthusians instituted the Order of the Carthusians From Christ 1088. The Emperor Henry came into Italy and there supporting Clement Urban not finding himself safe went into France having great assurance of a kind Reception from the greatest of the Nobility of that Kingdom He there held that famous Council The Council of Clermont of Clermont in which were resolved these important Decrees From Christ 1095. First the Decree against the Marriage Marriages forbidden to the Clergy of the Clergy was renewed and confirmed Philip King of France was Excommunicated Philip King of France excommunicated for having taken the Wife of Foulkes Rechin Count of Anjou The Right to bestow Ecclesiastical Livings taken away from all Princes and secular Powers In consequence of which the Emperor Henry was Excommunicated as well as for other Causes which have been before recited Lastly Upon the Remonstrances of Peter the Hermit they were resolved on the first Croisade against the Saracens to recover The first Croisade the Holy-Land Alphonso King of Castille was supplyed with Forces against the Saracens by many French Lords Henry of Lorain one Henry of Lorrain King of Portugal of them marrying a Daughter of Alphonso by that Match had Portugal and with it the Title of King The Army of the Croizaders in which was Prince Conrade serving the Pope against his Father brought Urban to Rome Urban establish'd at Rome where he establish'd him and turn'd out Clement Urban dying within the same Year he was re-establish'd his Successor Paschal Paschall the Second the Second appeared on the day he was Consecrated with the marks of Royalty covered with a Purple Robe with seven Seals hanging to an Embroidered Belt The Croisaders arrived by several ways The Croisaders exploits to Constantinople committing every where horrible Outrages they pass'd the Bosphorus with Forces the Emperor Alexis gave them taking many Places in Asia the lesser and in Syria They arrived in Palestine besieged Jerusalem took it and Jerusalem taken chose for their King the famous Godfrey Godfrey of Bouillon chosen King of Bovillon preferring him before many Princes who were in the Army among others Conrade Son to the Emperor Henry Hughes Brother to Philip King of France and Robert Brother to William Rufus King of England This new King had but Twenty thousand Men left of more then Three hundred thousand who listed themselves in this Expedition of the Croisade yet with these Twenty thousand Men defeated The Soldan of Egypt defeated Five hundred thousand which the Soldan of Egypt had brought against him designing to retake Jerusalem From Christ 1100. The Twelfth Age. THere was a second Croisade more numerous The second Croysade proved unfortunate but less fortunate than the first From Christ 1101. For there was a great number killed in the lesser Asia where they fell into the Ambuscades of the Saracens by the Fraud of the Old Emperor Alexus with whom the chief of the Croisaders were at Difference From Christ 1102. The
at Chartres in which was instituted a new Croysade which proved most unfortunate to the Latin Christians who most of them perish'd in the way by the treachery of Manuel Comnenes Son and Successor to Calo John Emperor of Constantinople From Christ 1147. The Emperor Conrade who commanded The Emperor Conrade's Army lost And Lewis King of France the Land-Army escaping with much difficulty From Christ 1149. Lewis King of France going by Sea avoided the Treachery of the Greeks but the Malice of the Eastern Latins whose Vices were most enormous caused his Army to perish at the Siege of Damas so the Emperor and the King having done nothing but suffered great Losses returned home the King by the way fell into the hands of the Greeks whom as they were carrying him Prisoner the brave Rogor King of Sicily rescued him from them From Christ 1150. Anastatius the Fourth Successor to Eugenius the Third did nothing remarkable Popes in the fifteen Months of his Papacy Adrian the Fourth his Successor Crowned Frederic Barbarossa who had been chose Emperor in the place of Conrad his Uncle who died two Years before From Christ 1155. The Pope and the new Emperor fell out immediately on the same occasions as their Predecessors which gave Birth to the Factions of the Guelphs and the Gibelins The Guelphs and the Gibelins by which Italy and Germany were ruined The Guâ—lphs of the Party of the Pope and the Gibelins of the Emperors which Quarrel grew more hot between Popes the Emperor and Alexander the Third Successor to Adrian The Emperor supporting Anti-popes three Antipopes viz. Victor Paschal and Calixtus against Alexander From Christ 1159. At length the Pope agreed with the An Agreement bâ—tween the Empâ—ror and the Pope Emperor at Venice where they met Historians have writ diversly of the Treatment Alexander used to Frederic but it is very certain the Agreement was most advantagious to the Pope From Christ 1164. The Institution of the Military Order of Thâ— Order of the Knights Hospita 〈…〉 the Knights Hospitalers of St. John of Jerusalem was some Years after that of the Templars then after that of the Hospitalers was instituted the Teutonick Order Tâ— Teutonick Or 〈…〉 From Christ 1177. Henry the Second King of England Son Henry â—â— Sâ—cond King of England of Jeffery Count of Anjou had marryed Eleanor Dutchess of Aquitaine and Counless of Poitou repudiated by Lewis the Seventh King of France so Henry became very powerful he was Excommunicated by Pope Alexander upon the occasion of the Death of Thomas a Becket Archbishop Thomas a Becket Archbishop of Canterbury Kings of France of Canterbury The two Kings Lewis and Henry made War several times at last a Peace was concluded which held till the Death of Lewis who had for his Successor Philip the Second It was at his Coronation that the Peers of France were twelve in Tâ—rlve Peâ—rs of France Alexis the Second Empâ—râ—r of the East Andronicus his Sâ—ccessor number Manuel Emperor of the East died left his Son Alexus the Second then a very Child He was strangled at two years-end by Andronicus his Kinsman who by that means made himself Emperor He Reigned but two years for the People killed him and put in his place Isaac the Second called Isacius Angelus From Isaac the Second his Successor Saladin takes Jerusalem Christ 1184. Saladin Sultan of Egypt took Jerusalem from Guy King of Lusignan Eighty eight Years after the Croyzaders had taken it under the Conduct of Godfrey of Bovilton From Christ 1187. After the Death of Alexander the Third which fell out in the year Eleven hundred eighty one Lucius the Third Urban Popes the Third Gregory the Eighth and Clement the Third held successively the See of Rome From Christ 1190. The Emperor Frederic had been took The Death of the Emperor Frederic Prisoner and generously released by Saladin in a Voyage that Emperor made to the Levant after Jerusalem had been taken he went there again and was drowned as he was Bathing in the River Orontes near to Antioch Henry the Sixth his Son was chose Emperor Henry the Sixth his Successor in his place It is not found that Frederick was taken by Saladin but that he fought with good success and that he had ruin'd the Saracens and Turks had he liv'd longer From Christ 1192. The Voyage of Philip King of France The King of France and England fact one and of Richard King of England was not more Fortunate They took only Acre or Ptolemais but falling out among themselves each retired to his Kingdom these two Kings had already made War one against the other and had put a stop to it upon the Design of the Croizade but after their return they again revived it more furiously than before From Christ 1197. Henry the Sixth dying left by his Wife The Emperor Henry the Sixtâ—'s Death Constantia Daughter and sole Heiress of William King of Sicily Frederic a Child too young to Rule the Empire The Princes were divided in the Election one Party chose Philip the Brother of Henry Philip and Otho dispute the Empire Popes the other Otho Duke of Saxe this latter prevailed being supported by Innocent the Third Successor to Caelistin the Third Richard called Caeur de Lyon being dead the Succession of England with his other Kings of England Dominions belonging to Arthur Duke of Bretany Son to Jefery the second Son of Henry the Second but John who was but the third Son usurp'd it to the prejudice of his Nephew Arthur From Christ 1200. THE Thirteenth Age. ABout the end of the foregoing Age the Croyzade had been publish'd at The Croyzade the beginning of this Century the Croyzaders met at Constantinople Isaac the Angel had his Eyes put out by his Brother Alexis who by that means usurp'd the Empire The young Alexis Son of Isaac Emperors of Constantinople stop'd the Croyzaders and persuaded them to employ their Arms to depose the Usurper which they did and re-establish'd the Father and Son But these two Princes not having satisfied the Croyzaders they set up the Grecians Alexis Ducas surnamed Murzuffle took occasion in this confusion to kill the young Alexis but he The Croyzaders take Constantinople himself was taken and kill'd in Constantinople by the Croyzaders who made themselves Masters of the City after sixty days Siege From Christ 1204. By the Agreement of the Army twelve of their Chiefs having the power to elect Baudwin Emperor of Constantinople an Emperor the choice fell upon Baudwin Count of Flanders They also chose for Patriarch Thomas Morosini a Venetian Alexis a Prince of the Blood of Comnenes Alexis Emperor of Trebizonda retired to Trebizonda upon the Euxine Sea in Asia and there having gathered together the Remnant of the Grecians he was by them acknowledged Emperor The Schism of the Western Empire ceas'd Otho the
Success Under his Papacy were publish'd the Pontifical Ordinances called the Decretals as in the former Age Gratian had compiled the Decrees under the Authority of Alexander the Third In the Emperor Frederick's time began the two implacable Factions of the Guelfs and Gibellines From Christ 1241. Celestine the Fourth having enjoyed the Popes See of Rome but eighteen Days the Chair was vacant for the space of twenty Months at the end of which was chose Innocent the Fourth who went into France to act more powerfully against the Emperor Frederic The Pope assembled a Council at Lyons The Council of Lyons Cardinals in purple where the Cardinals were cloathed in Purple by Virtue of a Decree of that Council Frederick having been a little while excommunicated had forfeited his Right to the Empire which the Pope offered to Robert Brother to the King of France but the good King refused it offering on his part a Mediation to reconcile the Quarrel The Pope not regarding the King's Offer combined with a Party of the German Princes who chose for their Emperor Henry Lantgrave of Turinge Henry Lantgrave of Turing who soon after dying they elected William Count of Holland Emperor William Count of Holland From Christ 1246. King Lewis beng engaged in the Croysade went into Aegypt against the Sultan there he took Damietta and defeated the Mamulecks in two great Battles but in the third this good King's Army was wholly routed and himself taken Prisoner with the chief of his Nobility He was set at Liberty paying a Ransome of Four hundred thousand Livres He went into Palestine and at last returned back to France six Years after he had left it From Christ 1254. Frederick the Second being dead Conrad Conrad the Fourth Emperor the Fourth was chosen Emperor by a Party of the German Princes But finding himself strong enough to maintain his Right in Germany he retired into his Kingdom of Naples where he was poyson'd by his Brother Manfred a Bastard of Frederick the Second Alexander the Fourth succeeded Innocent Popes the Fourth From Christ 1255. William Count of Holland having been killed in a War against the Frizons one Party of the Princes chose for their Emperor Alphonso King of Castile Another Party Alphonso King of Castile and Richard Duke of Cornwal Emperorâ— Richard Duke of Cornwal Brother to Henry King of England Richard was crowned at Aix la Chapelle Alphonso never came into Germany From Christ 1257. The History of this Age makes mention of a Prince in the Levant whose Dominion was among the Mountains of Armenia The Antient of the Mountains from whence he was called the Antient of the Mountains and had likewise the name of Prince of the Arsacides or Assassins who by promising an imaginary Paradice persuaded all his Subjects to kill whom he pleased Robert of Sorbonne from the name of a The Collâ—dge of Sorbonne Village near Paris where he was Born founded the famous Colledge which still bears his Name in that great City Alexander the Fourth died and had for his Successor Urban the Fourth Son of a Popes Shoemaker in Troyes in Campagne this Pope instituted that superstitious Ceremony of carrying the Host in publick Procession and causing it to be ador'd Baldwin Emperor of Constantinople being The Latins drove out of Constantinople absent from that City Michael Paleologus drove out the Latins who had ruled the Empire for the space of Fifty seven Years Urban the Fourth died he had transferr'd to Charles of Anjou Brother to King Popes Lewis of France the Right of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily which the Bastard Manfred had usurp'd o're Conradin Son to the Emperor Conrade From Christ 1264. Clement the Fourth a Frenchman like his Predecessor continuing to support Charles of Anjou King of Naples and Sicily Charles put himself in possession of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily after he had defeated in Battel the young Conradin who being afterwards with his Cousin Frederick Duke of Austriche fallen into Contradin and Frederic beheaded Manfred killed the hands of Charles he caused them publickly to be Beheaded the Bastard Manfred having been before killed in a Battel Charles had won against him From Christ 1268. King Lewis of France made a second A Croyzade Croyzade with Edward Son to Henry King of England Prince Edward taking the way to Palestine and the King the way to Africk where he took Carthage which was then considerable only for its Name after that he besieged Tunis and dyed at The Death of Saint Lewis that Siege of the Plague which infected his Army From Christ 1270. Philip the Third called le Hardi his Philip the Third King of France eldest Son succeeded him Robert the youngest of his Sons Count of Clermont was chief of the Branch of Bourbon St. Sons and Brothers of St. Lewis Lewis had three Brothers Robert Count of Artois who was chief of one Branch and Charles Count of Anjou King of Naples made another Branch Alphonso Count of Poitou left no Issue by his Wife Daughter and Heiress to Raymond Count of Tholouze From Christ 1271. After the Death of Clement the Fourth Popes the See of Rome was vacant for two or three years about the end of which the Arch-Deacon of Liege was elected under the Name of Gregory the Tenth From Christ 1273. The Emperor Richard being dead the Princes of Germany having no regard for Alphonso King of Castille chose for Emperor Rodolphus Count of Hapsburg a little Rodolphus Emperor Signory in the County of Berne Gregory confirmed this Election in a Council held at Lyons where Alphonso resigned by Proxy A Council at Lyons his pretensions to the Empire From Christ 1274. Michael Paleologus being in Person at that Michael Paleologus Emperor of the East Council where having acknowledged the Authority of the Pope he was there declared and confirmed Emperor of the East In the same year died Gregory the Tenth he had three Successors in a very short time Innocent the Fifth Adrian the Fifth Popes and John the One and twentieth who all held the See but a few days After the Death of the last was chosen Nicholas the Third of the House of Ursini From Christ 1276. Otochaire King of Bohemia to whom Otochaire King of Bohemia overcome by Rodolphus Rodolphus had been an Officer refusing to obey the Emperor was forc'd to submit From Christ 1277. Having been overcome in a Battel by Rodolphus who took from him the Marquisate of Austria which Rodolphus gave The Surname of Austria to his Son Albert he and his Successors taking the surname of Austria From Christ 1278. To Nicholaus the Third succeeded Martin the Fifth who being a Frenchman Popes heard with great regret the news of the horrible Massacre which the Sicilians committed on the French at the hour of Vespers Sicilian Vespers Peter King of Arragon seized
to chuse an Italian Pope elected the Arch-Bishop of Paris under the Name of Urban the Sixth but the Cardinals being at liberty retired to Fundi in the Kingdom of Naples where they made a Second Election of a Cardinal of Geneva under the Name of Clement the Seventh so that Urban residing at Rome and Clement at A Schism Avignion Christendom was divided between the two Popes France Castile Scotland and Naples acknowledged Clement The rest of Italy with England declared for Urban The States of the Kingdom of Arragon remained Neuters From Christ 1379. The Emperor Charles the Fourth died The Death of Charles the Fourth Emperor He had been Crowned at Rome by the Legates of that Pope who then resided at Avignion But this Ceremony was performed with that Disgrace that they obliged him to leave Rome the same Day he was Crowned which he did However he was to be praised for making the Golden The Golden Bull. Wencelaus Emperor Bull in which was regulated all that relates to the Election of an Emperor He had for his Successor his Son Wencelaus King of Bohemia Charles the Fifth King of France died Kings of France and his eldest Son Charles the Sixth succeeded him From Christ 1380. While the Tartars and the Turks disputed A Sophy King of Persia for the Kingdom of Persia a certain Sophy declaring he was descended from Haly Son-in-Law to Mahomet made himself Master of it whose Posterity Reigns there to this time The Flemins revolting against their Count of Flanders the young King Charles took his part and defeated the Rebels at The Battle of Roesbeck Roesbeck in Flanders where Philip of Arteville their chief Commander was killed From Christ 1382. John Paleologus had been deposed from Emperors of Constantinople the Empire of Constantinople by his Son Andronicus but was a while after re-invested After whose Death Manuel his Second Son succeeded him The Turks were grown very considerable since the beginning of this Age being so powerfully establish'd in Bithynia and in other neighbouring Countries of the lesser Asia under Ottoman their first Sultan The Sultans of the Turks and afterwards under his Successors Orcan and Solyman Amurath the Son of Solyman who reigned at this time past into Europe and made his Conquests in the Country of Bulgaria along the Danube From Christ 1384. Jane Queen of Naples had succeeded Kings of Naples her Father Robert and had no Children by her four Husbands She had a Sister married to her Cousin Charles of Durus who had no Children but Jane being displeas'd with her Brother-in-Law adopted Lewis Duke of Anjou and to him resigned the Right of her Kingdom From Christ 1385. Charles called the Wicked King of The horrid Death of Charles King of Navar. Navar died in a most deplorable manner For the Surgeon who wrapt him and sewed him up in Linnen dipt in strong Spirits which having took fire by carelesness burnt him From Christ 1387. Urban the Sixth being dead the Roman Popes Cardinals put in his place Boniface the Ninth Clement still keeping his See at Avignion After his Death the Cardinals chose for his Successor a Spaniard of the House of The Continuation of Schism Luna who took the Name of Benoit the Thirteenth The Schism thus continuing the Christian Princes to no purpose endeavoured to put an end to it From Christ 1394. In the last Year of this Age the Electors Wencelaus deposed Henry of Brunswic Emperor then Rupert Count Palatine deposed Wencelaus judging him unworthy of the Empire because of his ill Qualities They put Henry of Brunswick in his place who having been killed in the same Year they then made choice of Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine From Christ 1400. The Fifteenth Age. ABout the end of the former Century John Count of Nevers attended with a great Number of the French Nobility march'd to the Relief of Hungary against Bajazet Emperor of the Turks The Christian The Battle of Nicopolis Army had been beaten at the Battle of Nicopolis John was taken Prisoner with the famous Boucicaut with many French Gentlemen John and Boucicaut were releas'd The Turks attack'd Constantinople in the Bajazet attack'd Constantinople beginning of this Age. The Emperor Manuel having applied himself to King Charles for Succors he sent him some under the Command of the same Boucicaut who relieved Constantinople which obliged Manuel to come into France to thank the King and to beg of him fresh Supplies From Christ 1401. During the time that Manuel was in Tamberlain Cham of the Tartars Bajazet overcome and kept Prisoner France Tamberlain the Cham of the Tartars over-run the Eastern parts with a most formidable Army He overcame and took Bajazet Prisoner and treated him with that scorn that the most miserable Prince dash'd out his Brains against the Bars of the Iron Cage in which he was shut up like a wild Beast From Christ 1402. At Rome Boniface the Ninth being dead Popes Innocent the Seventh succeeded him and after him Gregory the Twelfth a Venetian of the House of Cornaro upon Condition that he should resign if Bennet the Thirteeenth who always lived at Avignion A Continuation of Schism would doe the like They both of them met to concert the Bus'ness at Sazona but as they took their Journey to meet there every one on a sudden did quit their Faction Gregory retired to Sienna Bennet into Catalonia his Native Country The greatest part of the Cardinals having abandoned them assembled in Council at Pisa where Gregory and Bennet were The Council of Pisa deposed and a Cordelier called Peter Phylargus chosen in their places under the Name of Alexander the Fifth who died Three Popes about ten Months after The Cardinals who had followed him to Bologna elected Balthazar Cossa who took the Name of John the Twenty third From Christ 1410. There was also a Schism in the Empire between Sigismund Brother to Wenceslaus Sigismund Emperor deposed and Josse Marquess of Moravia his Kinsman but by the sudden Death of Josse Sigismund was acknowledged Emperor by all the Princes From Christ 1411. This Prince ordered a Council to be A Council at Constance held in the City of Constance where they resolved on Five remarkable Things 1. They burn'd as Hereticks John Hus John Hus and Jerome of Prague burnt though he came there under a safe Conduct of the Emperor they treated in the same manner Jerome os Prague a Disciple of John Hus. 2. They abolish'd the Use of the Cup The Cup taken away from the Sacrament in the Sacrament of the Eucharist 3. They declared a Council superior to the Pope 4. In Consequence to that they deposed Three Popes deposed the three Popes of whom John was there present 5. They elected Martin the Fifth of the House of Colonna after he had promis'd on his Oath to keep the Decrees of the Council From
Christ 1417. Of the three deposed Popes John and Gregory submitted to the Sentence of the Council Bennet persisted even 'till Death tho' he had but two Cardinals with him whom he commanded when he was dying to elect a Successor which they did naming a Chanoine of Barcellona who took the Name of Clement the Eighth But at length he deposed himself and was in exchange made Arch-Bishop of Majorca From Christ 1422. In France King Charles had before lost a The Battle â— Agincourt Battle near Agincourt in Piccardy Henry the Fifth who won it became very powerful in France the more because there hapned very great Troubles by a madness King Charles fell into upon the Death of his Brother Lewis Duke of Orleans whom his Cousin John Duke of Burgundy had caused to be Assassinated at Paris By the Death of the same John kill'd at Montereau in Brye by the Servants of Charles Dauphin in the presence of that Prince Lastly by the hatred of Queen Izabella of Bavaria against her Son the Dauphin which grew so violent that she joined in a Faction with Philip Duke of Burgundy whose Interests prevailed with the States General to deprive the Dauphin of his Right to the Succession of the Crown and to acknowledge for the Heir of King Charles Henry King of England his Son-in-Law who married Katharine his Daughter The famous Captain John Zisca a Bohemian John Zisca a famous Captain died after he had vindicated the Liberty and the Evangelick Religion of his Country-men against Wensâ—laus and Sigismond Kings of that Country o'er whom he gained many Battels even after he had lost both his Eyes in that War From Christ 1425. It was resolved in the Council of Constance that another should be held seven years after Pope Martin was averse to Popes it but about the end of his Papacy being importuned to call one he summoned it at Piâ—a But the Pope so ordered Affairs in that manner that this Council had no effect A little before his Death he appointed another at Basle and his The Council of Basle Successor Eugenius the Fourth sent his Legats to cause it to be opened From Christ 1431. After several years of great Confusion in France King Charles the Seventh re-establish'd himself by forcing out the English so that there remained in their Possession nothing but the City of Calais This great Revolution was begun and advanc'd by a certain young Wench called the Maid of Orleans who pretended The Maid of Orleans she was inspired from Heaven to employ her self to reinthrone King Charles The Emperor Sigismond being dead his Albert the second Emperor Son-in-Law Albert the Second succeeded him in the Empire and in the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia From Christ 1438. The Pope Eugenius fell out with the Council of Basle and signified to them That it should be removed to Ferrara In effect a Council was called there where The Council of Ferrara he was in Person with John Paleologus Emperor of Constantinople who had brought with him many Grecian Bishops then they went from thence to Florence where the Greeks made an Agreement with the Latins on many Articles of Belief in which till that time they had differed In the mean time the Council of Basle not at all fearing the Fulminations of Eugenius Aâ—â—hism proceeded legally against him deposed him and elected in his place Amideus Duke of Savoy under the Name of Foelix thâ— Fifth Antipope Foelix the Fifth This Prince had resigned his Dukedom to his Son Duke Lewis and was retired to the delitious Hermitage of Repaille on the Lake of Geneva At last Peace being made between the French and the English Lewis the Dauphin to discharge the Kingdom of the Soldiers who ruined it brought a great Army out of the Empire Four thousand A remarkable Action of the Switzers Switzers were so bold to oppose his Paslage they sold their Lives at a dear rate but they were all kill'd but one who being return'd to his Canton lost his Head as a base Deserter From Christ 1444. The young Ladislaus King of Hungary broke very rashly the Peace he had swore to the Turks It was believed that the Misfortune of the Battel of Varne was a The Battel of Varnâ— just punishment for the breaking his Oath He was there overcome and killed by Amurat the Second Sultan of the Turks Nicolaus the Fifth Successor to Eugenius the Fourth saw an end of the Schism by the free Resignation of Faelix who remained Cardinal and Legat of his own Country and the adjacent Places The Council of Basle having no more power broke up so that Nicolaus was acknowledged Pope without any Dispute From Christ 1449. Mahomet the Second of that Name Emperor Mahomet the Second takes Constantinople of the Turks took Constantinople from Constantin the Eleventh Paleologus the last Christian Emperor of that City It was taken by Assault and the Confusion was so very great that Constantin endeavouring to save himself was stifled at a Gate of the City by the multitude of flying People From Christ 1453. Alphonso Borgia a Spaniard under the Popes Name of Calixtus the Third succeeded Pope Nicholas the Fifth From Christ 1455. He acted nothing remarkable Pius the Second his Successor made himself more Eminent for his great Learning and extraordinary Zeal against the Turks His Name was Aeneas Silvius Picolomini a Citizen of Sienna From Christ 1458. Since Henry the Third King of England Affairs of England three Edwards had Reigned successively from Father to Son Edward the Third had Edward Prince of Wales who died before his Father leaving his Son Richard the Second who Reigned after the Death of his Grandfather Richard was Dethroned by Henry the Fourth Son of Henry Duke of Lancaster youngest Son to Edward the Third Lyonel Duke of Clarence being the next to Edward Prince of Wales Lyonel had a Daughter who was marryed to the Duke of York From Henry the Fourth came Henry the Fifth who had been received in France to succeed Charles the Sixth in right of his Wife Catharine The Quarrel between the House of York and Lancaster Daughter to Charles From that Marriage came Henry the Sixth who was Crowned being a Child King of France in the Church of St. Denis Not long after Edward the Fourth Duke of York descended from Lyonel Duke of Clarence second Son to Edward the Third dethroned and put to death Henry the Sixth and set up himself in his place From Christ 1460. Charles the Seventh King of France suffered himself to die of Hunger for fear of being poysoned having Conquered his Affairs of France Kingdom from the English He might have been called Fortunate if he had had another Father another Mother and another Son This Son was Lewis the Eleventh who succeeded his Father whom he had very ill treated From Christ 1461. After the Death of Tamberlain who had conquered the
Jeane the Daughter of Lewis the Eleventh and Sister Affairs of France to the last King marrying his Widow Ann Dutchess of Britany In a short time he march'd into Italy and retook the Dutchy of Millan from that Traytor and Usurper Lodowike Sforza whom he sent Prisoner into France where he died From Christ 1500. THE Sixteenth Age. THE King having made that Conquest Frederic King of Naplâ—s dyed a Prisoner in France in his own Person regained also the Kingdom of Naples by his Lieutenant Generals who took King Frederic Lewis treated him very honourably even to his Death which hapned in France where he was kept a Prisoner with great respect From Christ 1501. Alexander the Sixth died of Poyson Popes he drank by a mistake of his Servants having prepared it for the Cardinal Cornetto This Pope had great Qualities and among them very ill ones the same as his Sons especially the Eldest Caesar Borgia From Christ 1503. Pius the Third Picolomini Nephew to Benet the Second having held the See but twenty days Julius the Second was chose in his place From Christ 1504. Ferdinand King of Arragon retakes the The King of Arragon retakes the Kingdom of Naples Kingdom of Naples from the French by his General Gonzalvo the Spaniards called him the great Captain From Christ 1505. The Genoueses who had submitted to The Genoueses punish'd for their Revolt by K. Lewis King Lewis did Revolt but King Lewis severely punish'd them for it From Christ 1507. King Lewis marched into Italy to preserve the Millanese He gained the Battel The Battel of Gyra D' Adda called Gyra D'Adda from the Venetians and others confederated against him From Christ 1509. Three years after the French obtained The Battel of Ravenna another Victory at Ravenna over the Popes Army in League with the Venetians This Battel fought on Easter-Day proved dismal to the Conquerors their General Gaston du Foy Duke of Nemours was killed The Duke of Nemours killed Nephew to the King as he was too hotly persuing those who fled From Christ 1512. By his Death the French Army disbanded themselves which occasioned the loss of all had been got in Italy The Re-establishment of Maximillian Sforza in the Maximillian Sforza Duke of Millan The Council of Pisa and Millan come to nothing Dutchy of Millan and the Dissolution of the Council which the King had caused to be Assembled at Pisa and was from thence transferred to Millan in opposition to the Pope These Assemblies proved at last to be of no effect Benhemet an Arabian reputed a Saint persuaded the Inhabitants of Fez and Morocco The Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco that he was of the Line of Mahomet upon which they received him for King of those two Kingdoms From Christ 1513. Julius the Second finding himself strong enough to fall violently on the French by reason of the ill Success of their Affairs in Italy was prevented in his Design by Death His Successor was Leo the Tenth Popes of the House of Medices a young Person about Thirty six years old who had more Moderation than his old Predecessors had for King Lewis for so soon as he was made Pope he reconciled his See to France King Lewis had marryed Ann Dutchess of Britany Dowager to Charles his Predecessor She had four Sons by her first Husband but they died before their Father She had but two Daughters by the second After her Death Lewis married Mary The Affairs of France and England the Daughter of Henry the Seventh King of England and Sister to Henry the Eighth who then succeeded his Father From Christ 1514. Lewis lived but one year after his late Kings of France Marriage A Prince who had no very ill Qualities but many excellent ones which acquired him the name of Father of his People He leaving no Sons Francis Duke of Angolesme succeeded him being next Prince of the Blood King Lewis made him marry Claudia his eldest Daughter He had by his first Wise Ann of Britany From Christ 1515. The new King presently march'd to The Battel of Marrignan Conquer the Dutchy of Millan which succeeded happily to him having defeated a great Army of Switzers near to Marignan Tho' this great Success did not please the Pope yet he came to Bolognia where he conferred with the King The Agreement between the Pope and the King There he made the Concordate concerning the Provision of the great Benifices of the Kingdom upon condition that the King should name them and the Pope should have a years Revenue out of each Benefice Selim Emperor of the Turks had conquered Egypt and all that depended on The Conquests of Sultan Selim that Empire of the Mamalukes or Sultans of Egypt This formidable Enemy threatned Italy which made the Pope to publish a Croisade against him They to whom the Pope had given Commission to preach it up and to collect Money for Indulgencies which were distributed to those who would contribute to the Expence of that Expedition behaved rhemselves so very insolently in that Employment especially Martin Luther in Germany that Martin Luther of the Order of the Augustins supported by Frederic Duke of Saxony took upon him to preach against this enormous Abuse From Christ 1516. Maximillian had succeeded in the Empire to Frederic the Third Philip the Son of Maximillian had marryed Jane Daughter of Ferdinand King of Arragon and of Izabella Queen of Castille Philip dying before his Father left two Sons Charles and Ferdinand This Year Charles was Charles V. Emperor elected Emperor after the Death of Maximilian his Grand-father From Christ 1519. The French lost Millain with their other The French driven out of Italy Conquests in Italy It is said that Pope Leo died with extream Joy of it His Successor was Adrian the Sixth born Popes at Utrech who had been Tutor to the Emperour Charles the Fifth From Christ 1522. Solyman the Second Emperor of the Rhodes taken by Solyman from the Knights-Hospitallers They go to Malta Popes Turks took Rhodes from the Knights-Hospitallers After they had wandred about for some time the Emperor Charles gave them the Isle of Malta where they still reside From Christ 1523. Julian de Medices under the Name of Clement the Seventh succeeded Adrian King Francis having past a second time K. Francis taken Prisoner before Pavia into Italy was taken Prisoner before Pavia by the Generals of the Emperor Charles the Fifth From Christ 1525. After a Year's Imprisonment this King He is set at Liberty was set at liberty on such Conditions as the States of his Kingdom would not allow of From Christ 1526. The Pope having left the Emperor's Rome plunder'd Party the Imperial Army commanded by the Duke of Bourbon took and plunder'd Rome This Duke had quitted France upon The Duke of Bourbon killed some kind of Discontent He was killed as he entred
and set him at liberty This was the true Cause of the first taking up of Arms by those of the Reformed Religion in France From Christ 1562. The Siege of Roan followed which held out for them Anthony of Bourbon who was The Death of Anthony King of Navar. The Battle of Dreux King of Navar by the Right of his Wife Jane d'Albert was there killed Soon after a Battle was fought near Dreux between the two Armies of both Parties The King's Army commanded by the Constable of Momorâ—ncy and that of the Hugonets by Lewis Prince of Conde who was there taken Prisoner as was likewise the Constable tho' at the last the King 's proved victorious Not long before some Conditions had been agreed on advantageous enough to the Hugonets which were granted by a Decree called the Edict of January and were again confirmed this Year by a Peace made after the Death of the Duke of The Duke of Guize killed by Poltrot Guize killed by Poltrot a Hugonet Gentleman while the Duke besieged Orleans From Christ 1563. Pius the Fourth put an end to the Council Popes of Trent This Pope being dead this Year Pius the Fifth a Dominican succeeded him From Christ 1564. Maximilian the Second succeeded in the Empire to his Father Ferdinand the First From Christ 1565. Solyman the Second had taken Rhodes from the Knights-Hospitallers yet he could not drive them out of Malta his Commanders having been forc'd to raise the Siege of that Island This Sultan died at the The Death of Solyman Siege of Sigeth in Hungary From Christ 1566. The Peace being broke in France the The Battle at St. Denis Battle followed at St. Denis near Paris where the Constable of Momorency was wounded and died From Christ 1567. The Prince of Conde who commanded the contrary Party acquired much Honour on that occasion From Christ 1568. A little while after the Peace being again The Battle of Jarna â—here the Prince of Conde was kill'd broke there was a Battle fought near Jarna in Xaintonge The Prince of Conde who was there taken Prisoner was killed in cold Blood by a Captain of the Duke of Anjou's Guards From Christ 1569. The Admiral De Coligni by the Prince's Death became chief of the Hugonet Party besieged Poitiers raised the Siege and lost the Battle near to Monconture against the The Battle of Monconture Duke of Anjou From Christ 1570. Selim took the Isle of Cyprus which obliged the Pope to make a League between the King of Spain and the Venetians against the Turks Then followed the Battle of Lepanto in which the Turkish Fleet was routed by the The Battle of Lepanto Christians commanded by Don John of Austria Natural Son to the Emperor Charles the Fifth From Christ 1571. The principal Persons of the Religion were invited to Paris under pretence of Celebrating the Nuptials of Henry King of The Mâ—ssacre of Paris Navar with Margaret Sister to the King Jane Queen of Navar Mother to the Bridegroom was there poisoned and the Admiral wounded and afterwards killed with a great Number of the Nobility and above Ten thousand Persons in the very City of Paris on St. Bartholomew's Day From Christ 1572. The Duke of Anjou having after that The Siege of Rochel raised The Duke of Anjou King of Poland besieged Rochel was forc'd to retire without taking it to go and receive the Polonian Embassadors who came to bring him the News of his being elected King of that Country From Christ 1573. While he was there his Brother Charles The Death of Charle IX the Ninth died stifled with the Blood that issued from all parts of his Body Amurath the Third succeeded his Father Emperors of the Turks and Germany and Rodolphus the Second succeeded his Father Maximilian the Second From Christ 1576. King Henry the Third being returned Henry III King of France from Poland was compelled by the States assembled at Blois to become chief of the League that the Catholicks had made against the Hugonets From Christ 1577. Philip the Second King of Spain seized Philip II. seizes Portugal The Death of Sebastian King of Portugal on Portugal after the Death of their King Don Sebastian supposed to be killed in Africk where he went to make War in favour of a Moorish King who disputed the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco with another Henry the Third of France instituted The Order of the Holy Ghost the Order of the Holy Ghost From Christ 1582. Pope Gregory the Thirteenth reformed The Kalendar reform'd The Death of the Duke of Alenson the Kalendar The Duke of Alenson Brother to the King of France died deprived of the Government of the Low Countries to which he had been invited by those People but he lost his Interest by his ill Conduct From Christ 1584. Sixtus the Fifth a Cordelier of low Birth but of great Courage Excommunicated A Bâ—ll against the King of Navar Prence of Conde Henry King of Navar with his Cousin Henry Prince of Conde having declared them to be fallen from the Right of Succession to the Crown of France From Christ 1585. Mary Stuart Queen of Scots after a The Death of the Queen of Scots long Imprisonment was Beheaded by the Sentence of Judges appointed by Q. Elizabeth From Christ 1587. The Spanish Fleet called The Invincible The Spanish Armada Armada was three Years preparing with great Labour and Cost It consisted of One hundred and thirty Sail with Twenty thousand Soldiers on Board set out by Philip the Second to invade England was part of it destroyed by Sir Francis Drake's Fireships and the other part lost and dispers'd in a great Storm So that amazing Terrour of Europe vanished From Christ 1588. France being in a very great Consusion the King at length made an Agreement with the King of Navar to oppose the League But having both together The Death of Henry III. besieged Paris the King was stabb'd in his Bed-Chamber at St. Clou by James Clement a Jacobine Fryar From Christ 1589. Henry the Fourth King of Navar the Henry IV. King of France The Combat of Arques and the Battle of Yuri next Prince of the Blood succeeded him with very much difficulty at his first coming to the Crown But he soon gave great Reputation and Vigour to his Affairs by the Combat of Arques and the Battle of Yuri which he won From Christ 1590. To Sixtus the Fifth succeeded Urban the Popes Seventh Gregory the Fourteenth and Innocent the Ninth who all held the See of Rome no longer than a Year After them came Clement the Eighth a Florentine From Christ 1591. The Duke of Paâ—â—a had made the King The Duke of Parma not long before to raise the Siege of Paris he forc'd him again to raise that of Orleans But the Duke was wounded passing the River of Sein at Caudebec and was never well cured of his
Wound being return'd to his Government of the HB Death Low Countries he soon after died From Christ 1592. King Henry the Fourth having made Profession of the Roman Catholick Religion was received into Paris and in like manner Henry IV. a Roman Catholick was acknowledg'd by all the Kingdom From Christ 1593. John Chastel a Scholar of the Jesuites John Chastel wounded K. Henry The Jesuits banish'd The Pope absolves the King of France wounded the King in the Mouth whereupon the Jesuites were banish'd France From Christ 1594. The King received Absolution of the Pope and so was acknowledg'd for King by all the Princes and States of Christendom From Christ 1595. He declared a War against Spain which A War between France Spain proved very unfortunate to France The Spaniards surprized Calais Cambray and Amiens King Henry re-took the last Cambray remained in the Hands of the Spaniards Calais was restored by the Peace which The Edict of Nants was treated and concluded at Vervins by the Ministers of the two Kings and the Pope's Legates From Christ 1598. The King made an Edict called that of Nants because he signed it in that City The Edict of Nants to revive the Union between his Subjects that were divided by their diversity of Religions King Philip the Second died of the lowsie Kings of Spain Disease He had put to Death his Son Don Carlos upon Suspicion that he favoured the poor Protestants of the Low Countries who had thrown off their Allegiance to King Philip because he designed to introduce the Inquisition Nor were they any longer able to endure the barbarous Cruelties of the Duke D' Alva Philip the Third succeeded his Father From Christ 1600. THE Seventeenth Age. HENRY the Fourth King of France The Marriage of Henry with Maria de Medices being Divorc'd from Margaret Sister to the three last Kings marryed Mary de Medices Neice to the great Duke of Tuscany In the first year of this Age she was brought to bed of a Dauphin who was since called Lewis the Thirteenth From Christ 1601. King Henry and the Duke of Savoy were The Affairs of France and Savoy entered into a War for the Marquisate of Saluces A Peace was made upon conditions with an exchange of Bresse and some other Lands given up to the King for the Marquisate The Mareschal Duke of Biron convicted The Death of Byron of Treason was beheaded From Christ 1602. Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy attempted to take Geneva by scaling of it The scaling of Geneva which Design concluded to his Disgrace Elizabeth Queen of England being dead in the Seventy one year of her Age The Death of Queen Elizabeth having Reigned forty five Years most couragiously asserted the Protestant Religion which her Brother Edward the Sixth had reformed She was as highly qualified for War as for Peace She deserved the favour of Fortune by her great Care and wise Conduct in Governing The English received for their King James K. of England James the Sixth King of Scotland the first King of that Name in England From Christ 1603. The Arch-Duke Albert and Clara Eugenia Ostend taken at length took Ostend after more than three years Siege Paul the Fifth of the Borghese Family Popes succeeded Clement the Eighth From Christ 1605. At London was discovered the Powder The Gunpowder Treason at London A Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians Plot to blow up King James and his Parliament From Christ 1606. The Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians was chiefly made up by the Mediation of King Henry A Truce for many years between the Arch-Dukes and the United Provinces of A peace with States of Holland the Low Countries From Christ 1609. King Henry the Fourth preparing to make a great War was killed by Ravaillac The Death of Henry IV. Lewis the Thirteenth his Son about the Age of nine or ten years succeeded him under the Regency of his Mother Lewis the Thirteenth King Maria de Medices From Christ 1610. Count Maurice assisted by the French in Count Maurice took Juliers July Besieged the City of Juliers and in September following took it by Surrender Philip the Third King of Spain made Philip King of Spain takes Alrach himself Master of Alrach a strong Castle built by the Moors upon the streight of Gibralter He commanded all the Moors to depart Spain within three days under pain of Death having confiscated all their Estates but what Money and Goods they could carry along with them And that year Nine hundred thousand was expelled and in the following years not a few Certain Ministers in Holland offered to Remonstrant Ministers and contra Remonstrants the States a Remonstrance wherein they declared their opinion concerning Predestination for which reason they were called Remonstrants and their Opposites contra Remonstrants The Muscovite endeavouring to raise The Muscovite beaten by the Poâ—es The Muscovites burn Vilna the Siege of Smolensko is beaten by the Polanders The Muscovites in revenge burn Vilna where 4700 Houses were laid in Ashes The Sophy of Persia having defeated the Turks near Babylon sends an Ambassador to The Sophy of Persia makes a League with the Emperor The Arch-Duke of Austria made King of Bohemia the Emperor Rudolphus and confirms a League between them Mathias Arch-Duke of Austria and King of Hungary was made King of Bohemia A Conference between six Remonstrants at the Hague before the States General yet they could not agree about the Points in Controversy The King of Denmark declares War against Suâ—den Besieges Câ—lmar on the 2d of May and takes it on the 29th putting The King of Denmark declares War against the Swâ—de all to the Sword but those who escap'd into the Castle Smolensko was taken by the Poles two years after the Muscovites not only recovered that place but several other Cities of Lithuania Prince Henry created Prince of Wales Prince Henry created prince of Wales From Christ 1610. Christiem Elector of Saxony died of an Apoplexy and his Brother John George succeeded him The Elector of Saxony's death The King of Sweden's death Charles King of Sweden sinks under the loss of Colmar and died his Son Gustavus succeeded him From Christ 1611. Mathias King of Hungary and Bohemia Mathias married to Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria marryed with Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria Margaret Queen of Spain Wife to Philip the Third died in the 27th year of her Age. The Queen of Spains death Frederic the Fifth Count Palatine of the Rhyne married with Elizabeth Daughter to James the First King of England Frederic the Fifth married with the princess Elizabeth John George the Son of John George Duke of Saxony was born Rudolphus the Emperor having Reigned almost 35 years and having lived 59 The Emperor Rodolphus death Mathias King of Hungary Emperor died after whose death Mathias King of
Hungary and Bohemia was chosen From Christ 1612. The Danes in the beginning of this year 1613. invaded Swedeland On the other side the Swedes fell into Norway and did the Danes much damage However the The intermarriages of Lewls XIII with Anna of Austria and of Philip prince of Spain with Elizabeth Sister to Lewis XIII Danes took Elsburg and Gotzberg by surrender but going to make a further Progress the King of Denmark's Army was so oppress'd with the Plague and Famine that the Swedes recovered most of their Losses Great Rejoycings and publick Carouzels were at Paris for the intermarriages of Lewis the Thirteenth with Anna of Austria Daughter of Philip the Third King of Spain And of Philip Prince of Spain with Elizabeth Sister to Lewis the Thirteenth Holland makes a League with Achmet The Death of prince Henry A peace between Sweden and Denmark The States of Holland make a League with Achmet Emperor of the Turks by his Ambassador he sent to the Hague Henry Prince of Wales the eldest Son of James the First King of Great Britain died in the Eighteenth year of his Age. From Christ 1612. A Peace between Sweden and Denmark and Colmar restored to the Swedes Gabriel Bathor Prince of Transilvania The prince of Transilvania beaten by Bethlem Gabor beaten by Bethlem Gabor assisted by the Turks was killed by his own Subjects From Christ 1613. The Prince of Conde with some other Princes joining with him took Arms against The prince of Conde opposes the Queen Regent but is made friends by 〈…〉 m of M 〈…〉 the Queen Regent of France in order to put her from the Administration of the Government pretending that the Mareschal d' Ancre was too great in Authority with her but the Queen pacifyed them with Money William Wolfang Prince of Neuburg Son-in-Law The Princ◠of Newburg turn◠Papist to the Duke of Bavaria abdicated the Reformed Religion and embraced the Romish The States of Holland made an Edict to The Edict of Holland refused by the Contra-Remonstrants reconcile the Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants to which the Remonstrants obey'd but most of the Contra-Remonstrants refused to submit to it Frederic the Fifth having compleated Frederic the Fifth returns to his Electorate Frederic Henry born his Marriage with the Princess Elizabeth Daughter of the King of England returned to his Electorate From Christ 1613. Frederic Henry Son of Frederic the Fifth and of Elizabeth was born From Christ 1614. Muscovie long wasted by the Poles and Fedrowitz chose Great Duke of Muscovy Lewis th◠Thirteenth married o◠Burdeau◠Swedes the Nobility made choice of Fedrowitz for their great Duke Lewis the Thirteenth going to marry Adna Maria Mauritia at Burdeaux invites the Prince of Conde to go along with him because it would be pernicious to the King and Kingdom The States of France according to the Promise which the Queen Regent had made to the Prince of Conde are summoned and met at Paris where it was unanimously resolved that the King under no pretence could be put to death by his Subjects Whether the Power of the King was immediately subject to God Whether he might be excommunicated by the Pope or dispossessed of his Crown by reason of the Dissent of the Clergy And the third Order was left undetermined The Jews by reason of their usurious The Jews expelled Wormes Exactions were expelled the City of Wormes by the Populacy to the Will of the Senate and their Synagogue pull'd down The Prince of Conde defeated at St. Maxents The Prince of Conde beaten by the King's Forces From Christ 1615. A Peace concluded between the Spaniard A Peace between the Spaniard and the Duke of Savoy and the Duke of Savoy Flushing the Brill with the Fort of Rammekens which were made Pledges to Queen Elizabeth restored by King James the First for Thirty three hundred thousand Florins The Prince of Conde having made his Peace with the King and living secure at Paris upon the King's Word is unexpectedly committed to Prison and there detained above three years upon which the Mareschal D'Ancre his Palace was plundered by the Populacy The Turks beaten at Sea by the Spaniards The Turks beaten at Sea and at Land in the Mediterranean by the Cossacks in the Lake Maeotis and at Land in Asia by the Persians where partly by the Sword and by the Pestilence they lost above Forty thousand Men. From Christ 1616. Lewis the Thirteenth by the Advice of the Count de Luynes caused the Mareschal D' Ancre who there bore the greatest The Mareschal D' Ancre pu◠to Death at Courts sway to be put to Death which was done by Vitry Captain of the Guards at the entrance into the Court after which being presently buryed in the next Church his Body was the day after taken up again and drawn by the Rabble thro' the Streets of Paris His Widow under pretence of being a Witch and addicted to the Jewish Ceremonies was condemned to death by the Parliament of Paris Achmet the Emperor of the Turks being dead Mustapha was set up in his place but being found unfit to Govern Achmet died and Osman made Emperor of the Turks was the next year dethroned And Osman the Son of Achmet about eleven years of Age was made Emperor This being the hundredth Year from the Reformation first begun by Luther was kept as a year of Jubilee by the Protestants The Lutheran Jubilee all over Germany and some days were spent in publick Thanksgivings This was first done in Saxony and after that in the Palatine and Brandenburgh Electorates and in other places The Tartars provok'd by the frequent Incursions of the Cossacks invade Podolia burnt four Cities with four hundred Villages and carryed away a vast number of People and Cattel Prince Charles created Prince of Wales prince Charles prince of Wales With the Differences about Religion that turmoil'd Holland a political Controversy intermix'd it self who should have the Supream Administration of the Government Whether the several Orders of each Province in their several Jurisdictions or the States General over all the Provinces The States General thereto asserted this Authority to themselves and proposed the calling of a National Synod at Dort Holland Overysell and Utrecht only assenting and Prince Maurice to obtain prince Maurice takes upon him the Administration of Holland the consent of those three Provinces removed the Magistrates of Nimegen and Utrecht from their Places as also in most other Cities of Holland and placed in their rooms such as he thought most addicted to his Party Moreover he imprisoned John ab Olden Barnevelt Advocate of Holland Rumold Hogerbet Syndic of Leyden Hugo Grotius Syndic of Rotterdam and Giles Ledemberg Secretary of Utrecht And now all Obstacles being removed a National Synod was held at Dort whither resorted English Palatine Switzers with other Divines and there the Opinion of the Remonstrants was condemned but they
refused to stand to the judgment of that Synod And thence arose a new Schism among the Protestants A dreadful Comet began to appear the A dreadful Comet Tail of which was above sixty four degrees in length Queen Ann of England died From Christ Queen Ann died 1618. The City of Pleurs in Rhaetia ruined by the fall of a Mountain tumbling upon it when 1500 people were buryed in the Ruines The Destruction of the Spanish Army The Spanish Army destroyâ—d by the Venetians sent against the Venetians Tumults in Bohemia by reason that some of the Evangelick Nobility were offended that their Grievances were slighted by the Emperor's Counsellors upon An Insurrection in Bohemia which they entered the Council Chamber and threw three of the Counsellors out of a Window thirty yards high into the Castle-Yard by which fall however none of them got any harm At Venice was discovered a Conspiracy of certain Ruffians who proposed to themselves A Conspiracy at Venice discovered to break into the Senate-House kill the Senators burn the Arsenal throw down the Bridges and to lay waste the whole City but most of them were taken and all who did not make their escapes were punish'd according to their Deserts In this year died Cardinal Peronne The Death of Cardinal Peronne A great Fight between the Turks and the Persians where the Turks lost Fourty thousand Men and the Persians Nine thousand But tho' the Persians got the Victory A Fight between the Turks and the persians yet having lost so many Men they offered the Turks Peace with an Anual Tribute of Silk which the Turks willingly accepted From Christ 1618. John Barenevelt condemned to death Barnevelt ' s death by the States General under pretence that he had disturbed the Peace and Order of the Republick but on the Scaffold he publickly protested that he died for defending the Liberty of his Country Hogerbet and Grotius were condemned to perpetual imprisonment but Grotius made his Escape about a year after and fled to Paris where he printed his Apology for those who presided over Holland in the year 1618. a Work very worthy to be read In March Mathias the Emperor died The Emperor Mathias ' s death in whose room sometime after was elected Ferdinand the Second his Son King of Bohemia Sir Walter Rawleigh Beheaded The Administrators of the Kingdom of Bohemia upon the Abdication of Ferdinand Frederic Elector Palatine Crowned at prague made choice of Frederic the Elector Palatin for their King who was Crowned at Prague A new Order of Knighthood instituted at Vienna by certain Catholick Princes as A new Order of Knighthood the Duke of Nevers Prince Radzeville the Duke of Saxon Lawenburgh and others who took an Oath to prosecute all Infidels and to defend the Catholick Religion having for their Badges a Cross with the Effigies of the Holy Virgin which they wore on their Cloaks Bucquoy having utterly defeated Mansfeild did over-run Bohemia Prince Charles of Spain Crowned King The prince of Spain King of portugal of Portugal The Prince of Conde released from his The Prince of Conde released Imprisonment returned to Paris and was congratulated by the Peers and Princes of Franee Ann Queen of England died From Queen Anns Death ARebellion against the Emperor Christ 1619. The Bohemians Austrians and Hungarians rebel against the Emperor A great Battle fought between the Imperialists and Frederic the Palatins Army The palatin's Army beaten by the Imperialists where the Impeâ—â—lists proved Victors Frederic fled and the next year took Refuge in Holland where he spent the remainder of his days with his Queen and Children so Bohemia with the adjoining Provinces returned to the Obedience of the Emperor Spinola with a numerous Army entered Spinola entered the Palatinate the Palatinate and in a short time took many Towns The Civil War against the Protestants The Civil War in France began in France The Inhabitants of Bearn refusing to obey the King's Edict by which they were commanded to quit all Ecclesiastical Livings and to restore them to the Popish Bishops for the King going thither constrained them to yield Obedience and gave the Cities which the Protestants held to be kept by the Catholicks The Polanders with an Army of Ninety The Polanders beaten by the Turks thousand Men invading Walachia were all cut off by the Turks except a few who made their escape and the great Chancellor of the Crowns Head was carried to Constantinople Sigismund the Third King of Poland The King of Poland wounded wounded by a Ruffian who being taken was torn with Horses his Members burnt and his Ashes thrown into the Air. Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden married Gustavus marriage with the Daughter of Brandenburgh with Mary Elenora the Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburgh From Christ 1620. Frederic the Elector Palatine was proscribed by the Emperor A West-India Company first erected by A West-India Company erected by the States of Holland the United Provinces to which the States granted the same Priviledges as to the East-India Society A General Assembly of the Protestants from all parts of France held at Rochel The Hugonots rebel and are beaten by the King of France where they resolved to take up Arms in their own Defence against the Religion which their Enemies profess'd Whereupon the King undertook an Expedition against them At which time Mornay du Plessis delivered up Saumurs to him of his own accord Afterwards the King besieged the City of St. Angelo and forc'd it to a Surrender and then took above sixty other Towns in Xantoign and Gascony part by force part by fear but he could not get Montauban which he besieged in Autumne where the Duke of Mayenne was killed by a Musket-Shot in the Head which News coming to Paris the Rabble Charenton burnt incensed with Fury ran to Charenton and sâ—t the Protestant Church on fire which was reduced to Ashes Gustavus King of Sweden took Riga King of Sweden takes Riga the Metropolis of Livonia The Truce for twelve years between Philip of Spain and the States General being expired the Arch-Duke Albert desired earnestly to have it expired but the States absolutely refused it Paul the Fifth departed this Life in the Sixty ninth year of his Age and Gregory Popes the Fifteenth was chosen in his place Philip the Third departed this Life in The Death of Philip the Third the Forty third year of his Age his Son Philip the Fourth succeeded him Albert Arch-Duke of Austria Governour The Death of the Arch-Duke of Austria of the Low-Countries died in July and in September following died Cardinal Bellarmine From Christ 1621. The Death of Cardinal Bellarmin Heydelbergh for some time besieged by Tilly the Imperial General was at length by him taken by Storm and given up to the plunder of the Soldiers who exercised Heydelbergh taken by
Storm all manner of Cruelties upon the Inhabitants the Library which waâ— stored with most choice and excellent B 〈…〉 s was removed part of them to Munick and part to Rome A Peace concluded in France with the Protestants at Montpellier but not lasting Christian Duke of Brunswick invaded The Duke of Brunswick took Westphalia Westphalia and carried away a vast Treasure out of the Cathedral of Paderburne with the image of St. Liberius their Patron all of massy Silver Osman the Son of Ac 〈…〉 et Emperor Osman strangled and Mustapha Emperor of the Turks was strangled and Mustapha advanced in his room whom Osman before had imprisoned From Christ 1622. Maximillian Duke of Bavaria was created Elector of the Empire in the room of the Palatine Frederic and the Dignity granted to his Heirs Frederic with his Heirs being removed from that Title for making War against the Emperor King James entered into a War for King James made Waâ— with the Emperor about the Palatinate the recovery of the Palatinate Frankendale having been a long time besieged surrendred to the Spaniards Spinola who a little before had taken Breda from the Hollanders was forced to rise from before Bergen ap Zome upon Mansfeild's march to its Relief Gregory the Fifteenth died and Urban the Eighth a Florentine elected to succeed Popes Charles the Son of James the First Charles I. takes a Voyage into Spain thro' France King of Great Britain Prince of Wales travel 〈…〉 hro ' France into Spain and arriving safe at Madrid on the 17th of March and staying there till the 9th of September returned to London on the 16th of October From Christ 1622. Peace between his Holiness and the A peace between the Pope and the King of Spain King of Spain upon condition of Restoring the Valtolin to his Holiness Christian Duke of Brunswick defeated by Tilly and several great Persons taken prisoners Mustapha Emperor of the Turks who Mustapha resigned up the Empire of the Turks Amurath made Emperor was the last year in the room of his Nephew Osman freely Abdicated the Empire and Resign'd it to Amurath the Brother of Osman a Youth of 16 years of Age. Others say that having Reign'd a Year after the Death of Osman he was shut up in Prison 1623. Armandus Plessy Richelieu first Bishop of Cardinal de Richelieu his Administration Lusson then made a Cardinal obtained the Supream Administration of France under Lewis the XIII who gave up all things to his Management In which Office some things he did Honourably for his Reputation other things tyrannically and cruelly The Jesuits with other Popish Orders The Jesuits banisht England who upon the Marriage of Charles the First with Henrietta Maria the French King's Sister crowded into England within a short time after are commanded to depart the Kingdom On the other side the Protestant Ministers The Protestant Mininisters and their Religion proscribed by the â—mperor are proscribed out of Austria Bohemia and Moravia by the Emperor's Edict and all the Exercise of the Reformed Religion forbidden within his Territories The Tartars designing an Irruption into Poland with fourty thousand Men were The Tartars over-thrown by the Poles stoutly repulsed and received a very great Overthrow Marc Antonio de Dominis Archbishop of The Archb. of Spalato chang'd his Religion Spalato came into England and pretended to change his Religion was kindly entertain'd by King James the First But he not thinking the Preferment the King gave him sufficient return'd this Year to Rome where he made his Recantation but notwithstanding that he was clapt up in the the Castle of St. Angelo where he died this Year and his Body being burnt for his Apostacy his Ashes were thrown into the River Tibers A terrible Battle was fought between The Turks beaten by the Tartars the Turks and the Tartars where the Turks were overthrown with an extraordinary slaughter Urban the Eighth with the usual Procession The Year of Jubilee opened the Sacred Gate in St. Peter's Church and began the Year of Jubilee 1624. James the First King of Great Britain The Death of King James the First departed this Life the 66. year of his Age to whom succeeded Charles the First his Son Maurice Prince of Orange Governour The Death of Maurice prince of Orange of the United Provinces died in the 58. year of his Age to whom succeeded in the Government his Brother Frederic Henry by the Election of the States A great Plague in London whereof died A gr 〈…〉 plagâ—â— in London thirty thousand four hundred and seventeen Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden came The King of Sweden took Riga with a Fleet to Riga and made himself Master of several Cities of Livonia possess'd by the Polanders Breda which Prince Maurice had won by a Stratagem from the Spaniards is by them again recovered A War between the Emperor and the Breda retaken by the Spaniards King of Denmark with various Success A Confederacy between the King of England Sweden and Denmark with the A War between the Emperour and the K. of Denmark States General of the United Provinces for fifteen years to carry on the War against the King of Spain against whom also the King of England declared War by Sea and Land A Confeder against Spain Charles the 1. Married Charles the First of England married to Henrietta Maria Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France The Bores in Austria took up Arms in order The Bores in Austria take up Arms. to recover the free Exercise of their Religion taken from them And made themselves Master of some Places by force of Arms But the next year were subdued and severely punisht The Persians gave a total defeat to the The Persians defeated by the Turks The Danes beaten by the Imperialists Turks near Babylon so that very few escapt The King of Denmark defeated in a great Battle by the Imperialists wherein all his Foot was cut off and lost the greatest part of his Cavalry The King of Sweden made an Expedition The K. of Sweden ' s Expedition into Prussia into Prussia and landing at Pillaw made himself Master of Braunsberg Traunsburg Marienberg and reduc'd all the neighbouring Country under his Subjection From Christ 1625. The Emperor by an Edict commanded The Emperor banisht all the Protestants out of Germany all the Inhabitants of the Kingdom of Bohemia not excepting any Degree that refused to embrace the Catholick Religion to depart the Kingdom in a certain time A most terrible Earthquake shook all An Earthquake at Apulia Apulia and swallowed up whole Towns Villages Castles Woods together with about twenty thousand People The English called by the Rochellers to assist The English assist the Rochellers them landed in the Isle of Ree under the Command of the Duke of Buckingham who was expell'd from thence with a great Slaughter The
with Saxon Weymar are forced to return without acting any thing considerable A Battel between the Turks and the Persians The Persians beaten by the Turks wherein Ninety thousand of the Turks and Twenty thousand of the Persians fell yet the Turks being more numerous became Victors The Princess Elizabeth born second The princess Elizabeth born Daughter to King Charles the First From Christ 1635. A Peace renewed between the Emperor The Elector of Saxony dâ—sâ—rted the Swedes and the Elector of Saxony at Prague so the Elector deserted the Swedes and the rest of the Confederate Princes About this time the Tartars who harassed The Tartats Conqâ—â—reâ— Chyna the Chyneses with continual Wars entering into Chyna with numerous Forces within the space of twenty years quite subdued those people and became their Masters The Imperialists received a great overthrow The Imperialists routed by thâ— Swedes near Wistock in Germany being routed from their Camp with the loss of all their Baggage and Canon by General Bannier General of the Swedes In Transilvania Stephen the Brother and Peter the Son of Bethlem Gabor endeavoured to make themselves Masters of that Principality with the Assistance of the Turks but were defeated by Ragotsky assisted by the Emperor Ferdinand King of Hungary elected Ferdinand K. of the Romans Breda took by the prince of Orange from the Spaniards King of the Romans From Christ 1636. The Prince of Orange after a Siege of about three months recovers Breda from the Spaniards The Liturgy first read at Edinburgh occasioned a great Tumult Bernard Duke of Saxon Weymar having a long time besieged Brisac a strong City upon the Rhyne compelled it at length to surrender for want of Provision yet the Duke of Lorrain and Lamboy both attempted to relieve it From Christ 1637. The Count Pallatin assisted by the English raised Forces and possess'd himself of Meppen in Westphalia but was defeated by Count Hatfieild and his Brother Prince Rupert taken Prisoner Maria de Medicis Queen Mother arrived Queen Mother of France arrived in England in England The French besieged St. Omers but all in vain But the Duke of Longeville defeated the Duke of Lorrain in Burgundy and at the same time the Prince of Conde was repulsed from the Siege of Fontatabie A Sea-Fight in the Downes between the Dutch and the Spaniards where Trump the A Sea Fight between the Dutch the Spaniard Dutch Admiral tho' inferior in number to the Enemy did beat the Spanish Fleet of which he burnt one part and took others so that very few returned back into Spain Ferdinand the Second Emperor died of a The Death of Ferdinand II. Dropsy in whose room not long after was elected his Son Ferdinand the Third General Bannier defeated the Imperialists The Swedish General dâ—feated the Imperialists Another Sea Fight between the Dutch and the Spaniard near Kemnitz in Saxony and persued Furstemberg into Bohemia Another Sea-Fight between the Dutch and the Spaniards side wherein of 50 Sail on the Spaniards side not twenty escap'd The King of England Armed against the Scots by Sea and Land and sent over for the Lord Deputy of Ireland The Turks take Babylon after they had cut off 40 thousand of the Persian Horse From Christ 1639. AmuÌ„rath the Emperor of the Turks The death of Amurath Ibrahim succeeded Civil Dissentions in Scotland The Impâ—rialists defeated died in the 23d year of his Age to whom Ibrahim the First his Brother succeeded Civil Dissentions first began in Scotland occasioned by the Scots refusing to admit the Liturgy of England General Bannier obtained a great Victory over the Imperialists near Homburg in Hassia A terrible Earthquake felt over all the An Earthquake in Flanders Low Countries and parts adjoining A Parliament began in England and dissolved and several of the Members imprisoned Charles the First his fourth Son born Henry Duke of Glocester born baptized Henry and created Duke of Glocester King Charles sets up his Standard at York 〈…〉 in England The long Parliament began in November The Earl of Stafford impeach'd of High-Treason The Earl of Stafford's and Arch-Bishop Laud ' s â—mpâ—achâ—n of High-Treason Ferdinand Cardinal Infanta died and the Arch-Bishop Laud impeach'd of High-Treason after which the Bishops Votes in Parliament taken away From Christ 1640. Ferdinand the Cardinal Infanta of Spain and Governour of the Low Countries died at Brussels The Duke of Soissons assisted by the Imperialists and relying on the Friendship of the Duke of Bouillon who was then possess'd of Sâ—dan threatned to break into France The King bends all his Forces The Duke of Soissons killâ—d against them so that after a dubious Fight wherein Soissons was slain the Attempâ— was given over Princess Mary 〈…〉 the P. of Orange The Princess Mary Daughter to Charles the First was married to William of Nassaw Prince of Orange at Whitehall The Earl of Strafford beheaded and the The Earl of Stafford beheaded Irish Rebellion broke out where were twenty thousand Persons barbarously murdered The Irish Rebellion broke out K. Charles lâ—ft London and went to York King Charles the First left the City of London and went to York From Christ 1641. Maria de Medicis Queen Dowager of Henry the Fourth King of France and Mother of Lewis the Thirteenth died at The death of Maria de Medicis Queen Dowager of France Collogn in great poverty Not long after Cardinal Richlieu died at Paris in the sixty sixth year of his Age. Saxon Waymer and Eberstein gave Lamboy Lamboy defeated by Saxon Weymar and Eberstein Tortenson did beat the Imperialists and took Lipseich the Imperial General a total Defeat Tortenson the Swedish General gave the Imperialists another Defeat near Leipsich and after that took Leipsich by surrender The French prosper in Catalonia defeated the Spaniards and took Cosibre but are beaten by the Spaniards near Cotelet in Picardy and lost La Basse on the confines of Artois Sir John Hotham denied King Charles the First his Entrance into Hull The Earl Civil Wars in England of Essex made General of the Parliaments Forces while the King did set up his Standard at Nottingham Edge-Hill Fight where the Earl of Lindsey the King's General was slain The Queen of England left Holland and Landed at Burlington in Yorkshire From Christ 1642. Lewis the Thirteenth King of France The Death of Lewis XIII K. of France departed this Life leaving Lewis the Fourteenth to succeed him an Infant of five years of Age. During whose Minority Ann of Austria is appointed Queen Regent while Cardinal Julio Mazarini an Italian obtained the same power at Court which Richlieu had before The Prince of Conde won the famous The Battel of Rocroy A War between the Duke of Parma and the Pope Battel of Rocroy A War between the Duke of Parma and the Pope who was beaten by the Florentines Cheapside-Cross demolish'd and the solemn
Leage and Covenant taken by the The solemn Lâ—ague and Covenant by the Parliament Parliament The City of Glocester besieged by the King and the Siege raised by the Earl of Essex After which hapned the first Newberry Fight where were slain on the The Civil War of England King's side the Earls of Carnarvan and Sunderland with the Lord Faulkland The Queen of England delivered at Oxford of the Lady Catharine who died soon after The Scots came into England to assist the Parliament From Christ 1643. The Emperor's Ambassadors as also the Ambassadors from Spain France Swedeland Holland and others met at Munster in Westphalia to treat of Peace Urban the Eighth departed this life in the 77th year of his Age after he had held Popes the Pontificate 21 years In whose place was elected Baptista Pamphilio in his 70th year who gave himself the Name of Innocent the Tenth The French after a long fatigous Siege The French took Graveling took Graveling Christina Queen of Sweden took the Government of the Kingdom into her The Queen of Sweden Reigned own hands The Queen began her Journey from Oxford to the West took her leave of the King of Abbington The Queen brought to bed of the Princess The Princess Henrietta born Henrietta at Exeter Marston-Moor Fight between the King and Parliament where Cromwell first made himself known After which happened Civil War of England the second Fight at Newberry both unsuccessful to the King Arch-Bishop Laud Beheaded Archbishop Laud beheaded The Queen arrived at Brest in Britany Sir Thomas Fairfax made General by the Parliament and received his Commission Civil War from the House of Commons The Treaty at Uxbridge for a Reconciliation between the King and Parliament broke up without effect From Christ 1644. The Emperor sinding his Forces very much diminishing raise a newd Army and The Imperialistt beaten by the Swedes Ordered publick Supplications to the Virgin Mary whose Image he had redeemed out of the hands of the Swedes But notwithstanding all this meeting Fortstenson the Swedish General near Janowitz in Bohemia he suffered so great an overthrow that Vienna seemed to be in great Danger In the mean time General Wrangel as The Swedish General defeated the Danish General terribly oppressed the Danes and deprived them of several Towns after he had utterly defeated Buckwald the Danish General Besides these Successes the Swedes assisted by the French at Allersheim obtained another great Victory over the Imperialists and drove the Bavarians beyond the Rhyne In this year was fought the fatal Battel Civil War of England of Naseby near Leicester After which Fairfax carried all before him for the Parliament From Christ 1645. In the Low Countries the French took Mardyke Winnoxberg Courtray Dunkirk with other places but not long after lost all again King Charles the First left Oxford in Disguise and went to the Scotish Army who carried him to Newcastle and there upon the payment of two hundred thousand pounds delivered his Majesty up to the Parliament who ordered the King to be brought under Custody to Holmby-House The Great Seal of England broken and defaced Prince of Orange aged 63 years died The Death of the P. of Orange of a Feaver to whom his Son William succeeded as well in his Principality as in his Dignity according to the Conceffion of the States made in the year 1631. From Christ 1646. Leopold Arch Duke of Austria made Governour of Flanders Leopold William Arch-Duke of Austria made Governour of the Low Countries by the King of Spain The Neopolitan Populacy headed by Thomaso Masinello a poor Fisherman made a great Insurrection in that City but were The Death of Mazinello quelled at length and their Leader killed in a Monastery Fairfax marched with his Army thro' the City of London and soon after the Forts and Outworks were slighted The Parliament voted no further Addresses to be made to the King King Charles escap'd from Hampton-Court into the Isle of Wight but was kept Prisoner by Collonel Hammond in Carisbrook-Castle From Christ 1647. A Peace concluded between the Emperor on one side and the Kings of France and Sweden on the other also between the King of Spain and the States of Holland Lewis the Son of Frederic the Palatin was restored to the lower Palatin and made the eighth Elector of the Empire The upper Palatinate continued in the possession of the Duke of Bavaria Christian the Fifth King of Denmark departed K. Charles a prisoner in the Isle of Wight this Life to whom his Son Frederic the Fifth before that Bishop of Breme succeeded Uladislaus King of Poland died to The Death of the K. of Denmark whom his Brother Cazimir succeeded whose Reign was extreamly shaken by the The Death of the K. of Poland Philip IV. married Maria Anna of Spain Seditions of the Cossacks On the other side Philip the Fourth of Spain married with Maria Anna of Austria The Treaty between King Charles the First and the long Parliament broke off and the King brought Prisoner to St. James's sentenced to death by that bold The Death of King Charles the First D. Hamilton the E. of Holland and Lord Capel beheaded Traytor Bradshâ—w and most barbarously Murthered before his own Pallace King Charles the Second began his Reign from that day Duke Hamilton the Earl of Holland and the Lord Capel beheaded in the Palace-Yard before Westminster-Hall The Kingly Office voted unnecessary and troublesom King Charles the Second proclaimed in K. Charles proclaim'd in Scotland Civil War in France Scotland From Christ 1648. A great Discord arising between the King of France and the Parliament of Paris by reason of Cardinal Mazarine's Government Paris besieged by the King but in a little time after these Troubles were compos'd tho but for a short time and Paris sustain'd the loss of a second siege The Venetians burnt the Turks Fleet. The Venetians beat the Turks in a Sea fight In the Port of Foggia seventy two Gallies eighteen Men of War sixty Ships of Burthen and six thousand Men with a Basha slain The Christians losing but ninety Men killed and forty wounded Cromwell made General of the Parliament's Army marched into Scotland From Christ 1649. Towards the end of July William Prince of Orange attempted to make himself Master of Amsterdam by Surprise but fail'd of Success Not long after he died of the The death of the Pr. of Orange Small-pox and his Son William Henry was born eight days after his Decease Descartes the Founder of a new kind of Descartes death Philosophy died at Stockholm in Swedland The Princes of Conde and Conti with The princes of Conti c. made prisoners the Duke of Longueville committed to the Castle of Bois de Vincennes by the Queen Mother and Cardinal Mazarin The Spaniards sold the Dutchy of Pontremoly Pontremoli sold to the Duke of
Florence to the Duke of Florence for a hundred thousand Crowns From Christ 1650. The Earl of Montross defeated took prisoner and brought to Edingburgh and The Earl of Montross beheaded there beheaded The Scots routed by Cromwell at Dunbar Charles the Second Crowned at Skone in Scotland The Pope ordained a Jubilee The Pope's Jubilee Ferd. the III. married the princess Elionora Popes Ferdinand the Third Emperor of Germany married the Princess Elionora of the House of Mantua at Newstadt From Christ 1651. Innocent the Third endeavouring to break the Peace concluded at Osnabrug because there was too much Liberty granted to the Protestants died in the Attempt Maximillian Elector of Bavaria departed The death of the Elector of Bavaria Conde c. set at Liberty Cardinal Mazarin leâ— France this Life in the 88 year of his Age. In France by the Decree of the Parliament of Paris the three Princes of the Blood Conde Conti with the Duke of Longueville were set at liberty and Cardinal Mazarin within fifteen days to depart the Kingdom In the mean time Lewis the XIV entring on the fourteenth year of his Age was declar'd Major An Assembly of the States of Holland at the Hague did consult about confirming their Union and preserving their Form of Government for the future the Prince of Orange being dead Charles the Second marched into England Charles the II. enter'd Engl. with an Army with an Army of Scots and came as far as Worcester and was there defeated by Cromwell But made his Escape and in a short time after got safe into France The King of Poland did overthrow the The King of Poland defeated the Tartars Cossacks and Tartars in a great Battle that continued for three days There were killed twenty thousand and amongst them a Greek Patriarch sent on purpose from Constantinople to animate the Cossacks in that Battle Troubles in France by reason of Cardinal Mazarin's Return into the Kingdom But Mazarin having the young King and Mazarin recalled to France the Queen Mother on his side prevailed From Christ 1652. A fight in the Downes between the Sea Fight between the English Dutch English and the Dutch Another great fight also between the Dutch and the English neare to the Isle of Wight and Portland where the Dutch were beaten In a most solemn Assembly at Ratisbone Terdin the Fourth Crowned King of the Romons Câ—omwell mâ—de Prot 〈…〉 Ferdinand the Fourth Son of Ferdinand the Third was Chosen and Crowned King of the Romans The Speaker and most of the Members of Parliament surrendered up the Power to Cromwell who took upon him the Title of Protector The Dâ—kâ— oâ— Lorrain â—adâ— pri 〈…〉 Th. K. of Frâ—â—ce Crâ—â—ned Charles Duke of Lorraine was kept a prisoner in the Castle of Antwerp Lâ—wis the XIV King of France entering upon the seventeenth year of his Age was most solemnly Crowned at Rheims In Sweden Queen Christina resign'd up Qu. Christina resiged up her Crown her Kingdom to Charles Gustavus her Nephew who enter'd Upsalia and was there Crowned The Queen after this changed her Religion She turned Papist left her Country and spent the remainder of her days at Rome The Great Duke of Muscovy invaded The Duke of Muscovy took Smolensko Poland and took the City of Smolensko But the King of Poland having got a considerable Army of Cossacks took that City from the Russians and drove them out of his Kingdom From Christ 1654. Peace concluded with the Hollanders A peace with Holland and Pen ' s Expedition to the West Indies and a Fleet under the Command of Sir William Penn sent by Cromwell to the West Indies Don Pantaleon Sa Brother to the Portugal Embassador beheaded on Towerhill In Sweden the Chancellor Oxensterne a The death of the Chancel of Sweden Popes Person of great Wisdom and famous for his Administration died aged 71. years At Rome in the place of Innocent the X. Fabius Chigi by the College of Cardinals was chose Pope under the Name of Alexander the VII The Duke of Savoy being incensed by The persecution in Piedmont the Jesuits against those of Piedmont by reason of their dissenting from the Romish Religion spared neither Sex nor Age but slaughtered seven thousand of them The English Fleet took the Island of Jamaica The Engl. took Jemaica from the Spaniards The Learned Dr. Usher Archbishop of The death of Doctor Usher of Gassendus Cracovia taken by Swedes Armach and Primate of Ireland died As also Peter Gassendus a famous Philosopher at Paris From Christ 1655. A great Battle was fought between the the Polanders and the Swedes where the Swedes being Victors took Cracovia and Thorne John IV. King of Portugal died and left The death of the K. of Portugal his Kingdom not well settled to his Eldest Son an Infant A terrible Pestilence raged in Holland Aplaguo in Holland and in the Neighbouring Provinces which swept away thousands of People At Dresden John George the famous Elector The death of the Elector of Saxony of Saxony Prince of the Empire died and left his Eldest Son his Successor John George Sindercomb one of Cromwell's Life-guard being sentenced to die for plotting his Death poyson'd himself in the Tower of of London From Christ 1656. Ragotsky Prince of Transilvania fell into Poland by an Agreement made with the King of Sweden but was beaten back by the Polish Generals The French King made a League with A League between the French Cromwell Mardike delivered up to the English Cromwell upon which Mardike having been taken by the French was surrendred up to the English The Danes declared War against Sweden upon which the King of Sweden left Poland to oppose the Danes The King of Sweden having marched Copenhagen besieged by the Swedes his Army over the Ice possest himself of the Island of Fuenen and besieged Copenhagen The Emperor Ferdinand the III. died in The death of the Emperor the 48th year of his Age after he had reigned about eighteen years From Christ 1657. Dunkirk taken by the English The Great Usurper Cromwell died of a The death of Cromwell Malignant Feaver at Whitehall His Son Richard was proclaimed Protector From Christ 1658. The Dutch in the East Indies beat the Portugals and turned them out of Ceylon The Pyrenean Peace was concluded And The Marriage of Lewis the XIV Civil War in England the King of Spain's Eldest Daughter was married to Lewis the XIV King of France Richard Cromwell's Party deserting him he consented to dissolve his Parliament after which he himself was lay'd aside Lambert advanced with his Forces against Sir George Booth and routed him He turn'd out the Rump Parliament but General Monk signified his Dislike of the Army's Proceedings and advanced out of Scotland into England and declared for a Free Parliament The Secluded Members were restored and Long
Parliament dissolved and another called at Westminster From Christ 1659. A peace between Sweden and Poland and with the Danes A Peace was solemnly concluded between the Swedes and the Polcnians And at the same time a Peace was made between the Danes and the Swedes In France after the Pyrenean Peace was made the Royal Bride Maria Teresa Daughter to the King of Spain was received in in very great State The New Parliament met and voted the K. Charles the II. arrivâ—â— in England Return of King Charles the Second He was accordingly Proclaimed and landed in England and made his publick Entry thro London General Monk created Duke of Albemarle and made Knight of the Garter The Princess of Orange came into England 〈◊〉 deâ—â—h of thâ— Prâ—â— Orange And Duke of Gloucester but died soon after Henry Duke of Gloucester died Cardinal Mazarin removed by Death This year was concluded the famous Peace of Oliva between the Emperor the Swedes the Polanders and the Elector of Brandenburg From Christ 1660. The Dolphin of France was born upon Thâ— Dolphin of France bâ—rn K. Charles II. crown'd Q 〈…〉 of Bohemia came to England All Saints Day and Christned Lewis The Magnificent Cavalcade of King Charles the Second from the Tower of London to his Palace at Whitehall the next day after he was Crowned at Westminster Elizabeth Queen of Bohemia came into England The Marquess of Argile beheaded at Edinburg Argile beheaded James Duke of Ormond made Lord Leiftenant of Ireland The Queen of Bohemia died From Christ Qu. of Bohâ—mia 〈…〉 1661. Dun 〈…〉 sold to the Frenâ—â— King for five â—unkiâ—k â— â— miâ—â—ions of Ficrius The Duke of Crequi the French Embaisador affronted at Rome by the Corsi for which the King of France demanded Satisfaction and had it King Charles the Second and Donna Catharina Charles II. married to the Infanta of Portugal Infanta of Portugal married at Portsmouth The Emperor celebrated his Nuptials with Margaretta of Spain The Emperor married to Margaretta of Spain The Vaudois most cruelly persecuted for their Religion in Savoy relieved by the Hollanders The French made themselves Masters of The French took Gigery Gigery upon the coast of Africk but were beaten again by the Barbarians The Turks destroy'd Hungary and Moravia Newhausel surrendred to the Turks and after a long Siege took Newhausel by surrender From Christ 1663. Count Serini destroy'd the Bridge of Essek but in the midst of his Victory a Peace on a sudden was concluded with the Turks which very much incens'd the Hungarians From Christ 1664. The Edict against the Jansenists by the Parliament of Paris confirmed by the King But the Infallibility of the Pope and his Authority over Councels the Sorbonists would not allow Philip the Fourth King of Spain died The death of the King of Spain and his Son an Infant of four years old succeeded him by the Name of Charles the Second upon which the King of France lay'd claim to the Spanish Netherlands which occasioned a bloody War The King of England upon refusal of Satisfaction demanded for several Injuries declared War against the Dutch A Sea fight between the English and the The K. of England declared a War against the Dutch Dutch where the Dutch lost several Men of War and Admiral Opdam with his Ship was blown up where six thousand of the Dutch were kill'd and two thousand brought prisoners to Colchester A great Plague in London of which A plague in London there died seventy thousand five hundred upon which the Court and the Parliament removed to Oxford and the Terms were kept there The Arabs with a great Insurrection took Mecca at which time a false Prophet coming from Smirna deluded the Jews with a vain Expectation of their Messias but being put in prison he turned Mahumetan From Christ 1665. Alphonso King of Portugal married Mary The King of Portugals Marriage with the Dutchess of Aumale Francis Dutchess of Aumale of the House Savoy This year on the second of September began the great Fire of London which burnt in the space of four days the greatest part of that City A terrible Engagement between the The Fire of London Dutch and the English under the Command of Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle which prov'd doubtful for 3 days but at last the Dutch were chased by the English However not long after the same Admirals obtain'd undoubted Victory against all the Dutch Fleet which they pursued into their Harbours The Parliament made an Act for the Rebuilding of London which was past by the King From Christ 1666. The King of France invaded Flanders Flanders invaded by the French because the Spaniard deny'd him his Claim of Succession by right of Devolution as they called it and the Spaniard not being prepared for War lost many Cities A War declared against the King of Denmark A Peace concluded at Breda between the English and Dutch whereby the differences betwixt the French and English were likewise terminated Pope Alexander the Seventh died and Popes Julio Rospigliosi having taken the Name of Clement the Ninth succeeded A Peace concluded between Spain and Portugal by the Mediation of the Earl of Sandwich the King of England's Extraordinary Embassador From Christ 1667. The French made themselves Masters of The French took Burgundy The Dauphin of France Baptized all Burgundy The Dauphin of France was solemnly Baptized by the Name of Lewis of All Saints The Pope begged of the French King that the Obeliske set up in Disgrace against the Corsi who affronted the French Embassador in the year 1664. might be taken down A Peace was concluded by which Burgundy was to be restored to the Spaniards but the French were left in possession of what they had in the Spanish Netherlands Mareshal Turene who had formerly been Mareschall Turene turned Papist a Patron to the Hugonots in France turned Papist in his old Age. Peter Brother to King Alphonso with the Pope's Dispensation married his Brother's Wife his Brother still living And Governing the Kingdom took upon him the Title of Regent A triple Leaguâ— between the English Swedes and Dutch Cazimir King of Poland resigned up his Crown Canea taken by the Turks A triple League between the English Swedes and Dutch to inforce the observance of the Pyrenean and Aix la Chapelle Treaties John Casimir King of Poland resign'd his Crown and went into France where he lived a Retired Life From Christ 1671. Canea in the Island of Cadia which the the Venetians with a great loss of Men and Money for three years bravely defended surrendered at last upon Articles to the Turks The Venetians still retaining in the same Island Sucla Spyndlonga Carabuza with the lesser Islands of Tyna and Cerygo not far from thence At Rome died Pope Clement the Ninth Popeâ— death In Sicily Mount Etna shook with an Earthquake and cast forth flames
and streams of Sulphur Henrietta Maria Queen Mother of England The death of the Queen Mother of England and Daughter to Henry the IV. died at Columbe near Paris Alphonso the Deposed King of Portugal was convey'd to the Island Tercera In Poland Michael Wisnowisky an Illustrious Winowisky 〈…〉 King of Poland Prince of the Kingdom was chosen King The Prince of Tuscany came to London The Prince of Tuscany arrived at London The prince of Denmark came to England The Duke of Albemarle ' s death visited Oxford and Cambridge and departed for Holland Prince George arrived in England The Duke of Albemarle died The Counts of Serini Nadast Frangipany and others were accused for conspiring against the Emperor for which they were imprisoned and beheaded The Duke of Crequi by the King of Three German Counts beheaded The French took Lorrain France his Command no War having been proclaim'd took the Dutchy of Lorain and reduced it to a French Province The pretence was that the Duke of Lorain contrary to the Pyrenean Articles had bred up Souldiers The Triple League between the King of The death of the Dutchess of Orleans England Sweden and Holland concluded in the year 1668. this year broken by the King of England About which time the Dutchess of Orleans struck up the Dover Treaty with France and a little while after she died at St. Clou in France Frederick the Third King of Denmark The death of the K. of Denmark departed this Life to whom succeeded Christian the Fifth In Russia the notorious Rebel Stephen Razin occasioned great Troubles and took the City of Astracan Popes In Italy Cardinal Aâ—nilio Altieri was made Pope and assumed the Name of Clement the Tenth The Duke of Florence died leaving his The death of the Duke of Florence Son Cozmo to succeed him who had travelled thro' many Countries in Europe The Prince of Orange arrived at White-Hall Tâ—â—â— of Orange arrived at London From Christ 1670. Charles the Second King of England sent the Order of the Garter to John George the Second Elector of Saxony Ann Dutchess of York died and was The death of the Dutchess of York interred in Henry the Seventh's Chappel Collonel Blood in the habit of a Parson made an attempt to carry away the Crown out of the Tower of London Sir Robert Holmes the English Admiral fell upon the Dutch Smirna Fleet. The Pope acknowledged the King of Portugal a free Prince and honoured him with a Nuntio From Christ 1671. The King of England declared War against Holland A terrible Engagement between the English and Dutch Fleets at Southwold-Bay where the English being surprized by De Ruyter after a sharp Dispute the Dutch Fleet gave way and retreated where was unfortunately lost the Earl of Sandwich Vice-Admiral of England The King of France invaded Holland and in the space of one Month took three Provinces Amsterdam being in very great danger Two Brothers Ruart van Putten and The death of De Wit and his Brother Pensionary De Witt killed by the multitude The Prince of Orange restored to the Dignities of his Ancestors was declared The prince of Orange made Capt. General of the States Armies Captain General of the States Armies The King of England stop'd all Payments of Money out of his Exchequer John Cazimir King of Poland having The Exchequer shut up The death of Cazimir K. of P lanâ— left his Kingdom lived a retired life in France where he died Charles Duke of Richmond died at Elsynore in Denmark where he was his Majesty's extraordinary Ambassador From Christ 1672. The death 〈◊〉 â— of 〈…〉 mond The Emperor made a League with the Spaniard Hollander and other Princes against the King of France and sent away The Emperor â— clared War against France Mastrick taken by the French The death of the K. of Poland the French Ambassador from Vienna The King of France took Mastriek and after that subdued ten Cities in Alsatia King Michael died in Poland but the next day the Poles under the Conduct of John Sobiesky gave the Turks a great overthrow who by that Victory gained so much the favour of the Polish Nobility that they chose him King the year ensuing The Spaniards declared War against the French and the French against the Spaniards The King of France finding so many Enemies confederated against him did quit his Conquests in Holland A first second and third Engagement between the Dutch and the English Fleets under the command of Prince Rupert In the last of which Sir Edward Spragg was lost in the second the English forced the Dutch to shelter themselves among their Flatts and Shoals The Dutchess of Modena arrived in England and was married to the Duke of York A Peace concluded between the King A peace between England and Holland of England and the States General From Christ 1670. The French Ambassador commanded to depart Ratisbone because the French were declared publick Enemies of the Empire The Battel of Sensheim in the lower Palatinate Tâ—â— Battle of Sensheim between the Saxons joined with the Imperialists against the French where Mareschal Turenne got the better of them The Battel of Seneff where the Prince The Battel of Seneffe of Orange remained Master of the Field Messina in Sicily revolted from the Spaniards Messina submitted to France and submitted to the K. of France who sent the Count de Vivonne for their The Danes made a League with the Spaniard and Hollander Governour The King of Denmark made a League with the Emperor the Spaniard and the Hollander while the Swedes inclined to the French and by the instigation of the French Ambassador fell into Brandenburgh which enforced the Elector to observe the Sobietsky King of Poland Peace made with France John Sobyetzsky elected K. of Poland with great applause of the Nobility and People King Charles having been pleased to accept The Freedom of London presented to K. Charles of the Freedom of the City of London the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen humbly presented his Majesty with the Copy of the Freedom in a Box of Massy Gold set with Diamonds From Christ 1674. The death of Mareschal Turenne Mareschal Tarenne killed by a Canon-shot and the French forced to retire out of Alsatia The Duke of Crequy defeated by the Confederates under the command of the Duke of Zell did fly to Treves and defended Treves taken the Town for a short time but at length the City was taken by the Victors and the D. of Crequy made a Prisoner Nimmegen appointed the place of Treaty Nimmegen the place of Treaty for a Peace between the Potentates at variance where Charles II. King of England interposed as Mediator From Christ 1675. A Marriage solemnized at St. James's The prince of Orange married to Lady Mary between the P. of Orange and the Lady Mary Stetin in Pomerania after a
long Siege surrendred upon honourabe terms to the Elector of Brandenburgh Stetin taken by the Elector of Brandenburgh Gâ—â—nt sarrâ—ndred to the French The City of Ghent surrendred to the King of France Phillipsburgh besieged by the Imperialists was taken by composition Admiral De Ruyter engaging with thâ— French in the Mediterranean received his deaths Wound and died in the Bed of Honour The denth of Admiral de Ruyter in the seventy year of his Age. The Danes in conjunction with the Hollanders did beat the Swedish Fleet consisting of 40 Men of War and then landing in Schonen took several Towns from the Swedes But in the midst of their Victories near Helmstade were defeated by the Swedes with a great loss And after that they lost a second Battel to the Swedes near the City of Lunden where after a bloody Fight above 9000 Men were killed on both sides A Battel between the Prince of Orange Cambray and St. Omers taken by the French and the Duke of Orleans at Mount Cassel After which Cambray and St. Omers were taken by the French Cardinal Benedict Odescalchi was chose Pope in the room of Clement X. who died Popes in the 87th year of his Age. He assumed the name of Innocent XI And it was said that Donna Olimpia a cunning Woman and powerful in the Court of Rome prepared the way for him to that Dignity From Christ 1676. The Swedes did again defeat the Danes in a terrible Conflict near Landscroone On the other side the Danes overcame the Swedes in a Sea-Fight and took several of their Men of War A Peace concluded at Nâ—meghen between Luxemburgh quitted the Siege of Mons. the French and the Dutch The Prince of Orange forced the Duke of Luxemburgh to quit the Siege of Mons. Dr. Oats made the first discovery of the Popish Plot upon which Sir Edmundsbury The death of St. Edmundsbury Godfrey Coleman hang'd Messina submitted to the Spaniard The peace between France Spain Godfrey was murthered and one Coleman who called himself the Duke of York's Secretary was executed at Tyburne as were afterwards several others Messina in Sicily wearyed with the French Government submitted it self to the Spanish Monarchy From Christ 1678. The Peace between France and Spain concluded at Nimeghen proclaimed in both Kingdoms A most grievous Persecution of the Hugonet's in France The King of Spain married the Daughter The K. of Spain married the D. of Orleans Daughter of the Duke of Orleans which displeased the Emperor A great disorder in England by reason of several Persons who did second Dr. Oats in the further discovery of the Popish The D. of York sent into Flanders and after into Scotland Plot while the lower House of Parliament used all their endeavours to disinherit the Duke of York for being a Papist Upon which the Duke was sent out of the way first into Flanders then into Scotland From Christ 1679. The Elector Palatin built a new Church at Fredericksberg which was dedicated to Concord and consecrated by a Lutheran Doctor with whom were joined a Roman Catholick Priest and a Calvinist Minister The King of France by sundry Acts of Hostility committed in Alsatia the Palatinate and in the Bishoprick of Treves disturbed the Peace concluded but the year before The Duke of Mantua sold the strong Casal â—old to the French Lord Stafford beheaded Town of Casal to the French The Lord Stafford being found guilty of High Treason by his Peers was Beheaded upon Tower-Hill Charles Count Palatine of the Rhyne and Prince Elector was created Knight of the Garter and installed at Windsor The Parliament sate at Oxford but was on a sudden dissolved The death of Don John of Austria Don John of Austria departed this life From Christ 1680. A Diet held at Francfort on the Mayne where the Articles of the Treaty at Nimegen in Controversy were argued with the King of France who made slight of that Treaty and had offered several Injuries to the Princes bordering upon the Rhyne for contrary to his Faith given he seized Strasburgh took by the French on Strasburgh and caused the Cathedral to be consecrated a-new by the Bishop of Furstemberg for the use of the Roman Catholicks The Hugonots by reason of their being The Hugonots came 〈◊〉 England so cruelly persecuted did fly out of France into England and Holland The Hungarians were promis'd their freedom with the restitution of their Liberties by the Emperor But the free Exercise of their Religion being denied them by the persuasions of the Jesuites those promises came to nothing The Pope was angry with the King of France for assuming the Collation of Ecclesiastical Benefices upon which the Gallican Clergy being assembled gave their Opinions for the King A Peace between the Emperor of Morocco A peace between the Emperor of Morocco and the King of England and the King of England for four years An Ambassador from Muscovy arrived in England And in the same year also came another Embassy from the King of Fâ—z and Morocco and a Peace was concluded with the Mâ—â—rs The death of Thomas Thynne 〈◊〉 Count Conningsmark caused Thomas Thynn Esq to be basely murthered Conningsmark was acquitted but his Accomplices were Hang'd From Christ 1681. In the Diet of Francfort the Affair of the Reunions unjustly challeng'd by the King of France began to be disputed with the French Ambassadors but because the French Ambassadors refused to treat with the Germans in the Latin Tongue according to custom but persisted to give in their Memorials in the French Language the Diet broke up reinfecta The King of Denmark Elector of Brandenburg and the Bishops of Cologne and Munster enâ—er into a mutual League which many interpreted to be done in favour of the King of France The King of France ordered the Walls of the City King of France took the City of Orange The Gallican Decree against the Pope of Orange to be pull'd down and took the Principality from the lawful possessor the Prince of Orange The Galâ—â—an Clergy assembl'd at Paris decree in opposition to the Court of Rome that the Pope had no power to absolve Subjects from their Oath of Fidelity to their Sovereign that a universal Council was above the Pope that the Popes Authority was limited by the Canons of the Church and that the Pope was not infallible The Great Duke of Muscovy being removed by The Death of the great Duke of Muscovy Count Teckley submitted to the Turks Four Bantam Ambassadors poyson after many Tumults and Slaughters his two Sons agreed to divide the Empire between â—em Count Teckly did put himself under the protection of the Turks and possessed himself of Cassâ—via 〈◊〉 and the Fort of Villeck Four Bantam Ambassadors arrived at London and two of them Knighted by King Charles The Morocco Ambassador entertain'd at Oxford Prince Rupert Prince Palatine of the Rhine died of a Fever and Plurify in the sixty third year of his Age. From Christ 1682. 〈◊〉 besieged by the Tâ—rks and the Siege raised The death of prince Rupert Vienna besieâ—ed by the Turks by the King of Poland in conjunction with the Duke of Lorrain At the same time the King of Poland and the Duke of Lorrain pursued the flying â—nemy and defeated them on a bloody Battel near Baâ—can after which follow'd the surrender of Graâ— Because the Spaniaâ—d rejected the Demandâ— of the French the King of France fell upon Oudenard and Oudenard and Dixmude took by the French P. George of Denmark married to the Lady Ann. Dixmude and took them Prince George of Denmark arrived at Whitehall and was marryed to the Lady Ann the younger Daughter of the Duke of York Judgment given against the ancient Charter of the City of London in the King's Bench Court From Christ 1683. The Emperor King of Poland and the Republic of Venice enter into a League against the Turks A Truce for twenty years between the Emperor the States of the Empire and the King of France consented to by the Emperor provided it should be no way prejudicial to the Treaties of Westphalia and Nimeghen A Truce also concluded for the same Term between the States General and the French King contrary to the Advice of the Spaniard Swede and others The French Bomb the flourishing City of Genoa The French Bomb Genoa The Tyde ran strong against all that had stood up for the ancient Liberties of England and all the Corporations Cities and Towns in the Kingdom were forced to surrender their Charters and accept of new ones from the Court. The death of King Charles II. Charles II. died at Whitehall as it was said of an Apoplexy and the same day James Duke of York was proclaimed King in his room FINIS