slaine Sigibertâ—… Egricus 〈◊〉 togither with Sigiberte and his cousin Egricus theyr King The yeare in the which Sigiberte and Egricus were slayne in manner as is aboue rehearsed was after the birth of our Sauioure as some haue 652. 652 Baleuâ—… Beda lib. 3. cap. 19. Furseus In the dayes whilest Sigibert as yet ruled the East angles there came out of Irelande a deuoute person named Furseus who comming into the countrey of the East angles was gladly receyued of Kyng Sigiberte by whose help afterwardes hee buylded the Abbey of Cumbresburge in the which Sigibert as some haue written when he renounced his Kingdome was professed a Monke Of this Furseus many thyngs are writteÌ„ the which for breefenesse we ouerpasse After that Felix the Bishop of the East angles was dead one Thomas was ordeyned in his place who after he had bin Bishop fiue yeres dyed and then one Beretgils was ordeyned in his roomth by Honorius the Archbishop of Canterburie The sayd Honorius hymselfe when hee had runne the race of his naturall life deceassed also in the yeare of our Lord .653 the last of September 653 AFter Egricus succeeded Anna the sonne of Enus in the Kingdome of East Angle Anne and was likewise slayne by Penda King of Mercia VVil. 〈◊〉 with the most parte of his army as he gaue battell vnto the sayde Penda that inuaded his countrey He lefte behynde him many children Edelhere king of East angle but his brother Edelhere succeeded hym in gouernemente of the Kingdome who was slaine by Oswy the King of Northumberlande togyther with the foresayd Penda and woorthely sith that hee woulde ayde that Tyrante whyche hadde slayne hys kinsman and hys brother that were predecessors with him in his Kingdome After this when the Sea of Canterbury had bene vacant by the space of one whole yeare and sixe Monethes Deus Dedit one Deus Dedit of the countrey of the West Saxons was elected and consecrated by Ithamar the Byshop of Rochester the .7 Calends of April He gouerned the Church of Canterbury by the tearme of nine yeres four moneths and two days When he was departed this life the foresayd Ithamar coÌ„secrated for him one Damianus of the countrey of Sussex Mercia receyueth the fayth â—… hist eccle 3. cap. 21. ABout this time the people of Mercia coÌ„monly called midle Angles receyued the Christian faythe vnder theyr Kyng named Peda 653 or Peada the sonne of Penda King of Mercia the which being a towardly yong Gentleman and worthy to haue the guyding of a kingdome Peda or Peada 〈◊〉 of the â—â—ddle angles his father Penda aduaunced him to the rule of that Kingdome of the middle angles during his own life Heere may you note y t the Kingdome of the midle angles was one the Kingdome of Mercia another though most commonly the same were gouerned by one king This yong Peda came to the king of Northumberlande Oswy to require of him to haue hys daughter Alchfled in marriage but when he was enformed that he mighte not haue hir except hee would become a Christian then vppon hearyng the Gospell preached with the promise of the celestiall ioyes and immortalitie by the resurrectioÌ„ of the fleshe in the life to come he sayde that whether hee had King Oswyes daughter to wife or not he woulde surely be baptised and chiefly hee was perswaded thereto by his kinsman Alchfride which had in marriage his sister the daughter of Penda named Cimburgh He was therfore baptised by Bishop Fynnan with all those whyche came thither with him Ad murum at a place called at y e wal And taking with him foure priestes whiche were thought meete to teache and baptise his people he returned with great ioy into his owne countrey The names of those Priestes were as followeth Cedda Adda Betti and Diuna of the whyche the last was a Scotte by nation and the other were Englishmen These Priestes commyng into the prouince of the middle angles preached the worde and were well hearde so that dayly a greate number both of the nobilitie and communaltie renouncing the filthy dregges of Idolatrie were christned Neyther dyd King Penda forbidde the preaching of the Gospell within his prouince of Mercia but rather he hated and despised those whome hee knewe to haue professed themselues Christians The saying of K. Penda and yet shewed not y e workes of faythe saying that those were wretches and not to be regarded which woulde not obey theyr God in whome they beleeued This alteration of things began about two yeares before the deathe of King Penda The East Saxons eftsoones receyue the faith This was about the yeare 649. as Math. West hath noted King Sigibert hauing now receiued the Christian faith when he should returne into his countrey required king Oswy to appoynte hym certayne instructors and teachers which might conuert his people to the faith of Christ King Oswy desirous to satisfie his request sente vnto the prouince of the middle angles calling from theÌ„ce that vertuous man Cedda Cedda and assigning vnto him another Priest to be his associate sente them vnto the prouince of the East Saxons there to preache the Christian faithe vnto the people And when they had preached and taughte through the whole countrey to the great increase and enlarging of the Church of Christ it chaunced on a time that Cedda returned home into Northumberlande to conferre of certaine things with Bishop Fynan which kept his See at Lindesferne where vnderstaÌ„ding by Cedda the great fruite whiche it had pleased God to prosper vnder his handes in aduancing the fayth amongst the East Saxons hee called to him two other Byshops and there ordeyned the foresayde Ced Bishop of the East Saxons Ced or Cedda Bishop of the East angles Herevppon the same Ced returning vnto hys cure wente forewarde with more authoritie to performe the worke of the Lord buildyng Churches in diuers places ordeyned Priests and Deacons whiche mighte helpe him in preaching and in the ministerie of Baptising specially in the Citie of Ithancester vpon the riuer of Pente and likewise in Tileburg on the riuer of Thames Tilbery Whilest Ced was thus busie to the great comfort and ioy of the Kyng and all hys people in the setting forwarde the Christian Religion with great increase dayly proceedyng it chaunced thorough the instigation of the enimie of mankynde the Deuill that King Sigibert was murthered by two of his owne kinsmen which were brethreÌ„ the which when they were examined of the cause that shoulde moue them to that wicked fact they had nothing to alledge but that they did it bycause they had conceyued an hatred againste the King for that he was too fauorable towards his enimies and would with great mildnes of mind forgiue iniuries committed againste him suche was the kings faulte for the which he was murthered bycause he obserued the commaundemeÌ„ts of the Gospell with a deuoute hart in the whyche
was in deede a pleasant yong Ladie beautifull of good fauour louely countenance and comely maners aboue al others within that Realme The mariage contracted betwixt the king of Scottes and the Lady Magdalen Wherevpon the mariage was contracted betwixt them and an hundred thousand crownes of the sunne promised with hir in dower with .xxx. thousande frankes of pencion during the life of king Iames which mony was deliuered vnto him at his returne homewardes besides many rich hangings Cupbordes of plate sumptuous apparell and riche Iuels giuen to him and his wife farre aboue the summe of an other hundred thousand crownes with two great ships the one called the Salamander and greate plentie of Artillerie powder and other munition Moreouer all his charges and expences were borne by the French king during his being within the realme of France The same time also was the auncient league and bande of amitie betwixt the two realmes of Scotland and France renued and the day of the solemnization of the mariage appoynted to bee holden the first of Ianuarie After the solemnization of the Mariage king Iames remayned in Fraunce till the Moneth of May passing the time with all kinde of pleasure and disport that might be deuised for his honourable entertainment Finally the king and his wife Queene Magdalen tooke their leaue of the king of France their father at Paris about the latter ende of Aprill and so roade to Rouen where they were receyued with great triumph and from thence they passed downe the ryuer to Newhauen where they embarked being accompanied by the Admirall of France and many other noble men of the realme appoynted by the French king to attende vpon them into Scotlande and so they sayled forth with pleasaunt winde and prosperous weather through the Seas The king with his Queene returneth into Scotland vntill they came into the Forth and there landed at the peare of Lieth Hauen the .xxix. of May in the yeare .1537 where a great number of Earles Bishoppes Barons and other Noble men and Gentlemen of Scotlande were readie to receyue them with passing ioy and gladnesse and from thence with greate tryumph they were conueyed to the Abbey of Holyroode house This noble Ladie with hir louely countenance and seemely demeanour at hir first arriuall wanne the loues and beartie good willes of all the Nobles and people of the Realme withall contented so highly the minde and fantasie of the king hir husband that there was neuer more hope of wealth and prosperitie to succeede within the realme than at that present but fortune enuying so greate felicitie woulde not suffer them to continue any long tyme togyther for aboute the ende of Iune shee fell sicke of a vehement Feuer Queene Magdalen departeth this Isle whereof shee departed thys lyfe the tenth of Iulye nexte ensuyng and was buryed in the Churche of holye Roode house for whose death the Kyng was ryghte sorrowfull and styrred not abroade of a long time after The Ladye Glames and hir husbande conuict of treason In the Sommer of this yeare the Ladie Glames Syster to the Earle of Angus was apprehended and likewyse hir Husbande Dauid Lion and both of them brought to Edenbourgh where they were accused and conuict by an assise for conspiracie of the kings death the sayd Lady was burned and hir husband hanged hir sonne the Lord Glames was also conuict for misprision and concealement of that crime and therefore forfalted of his landes and condemned to die but bycause he was yong and of tender yeares the king pardoned him of life and commaunded him to perpetuall prison in the whiche he remayned so long as the king liued The master of Forbes beheaded Shortly after Iohn maister of the Forbes and eldest sonne to the Lord Forbes who had maried a sister of the sayd Ladie Glames was at Edenbourgh likewise indyted and conuict by an assise for the like conspiracie of the kings death for the which he was beheaded and quartered and hys heade and quarters set aloft vppon the gates of Edenbourgh His father the Lorde Forbes vpon suspition of the same conspiracie was long after kept in prison within the castell of Edenbourgh but at length when nothing might be proued against him he was released and set at libertie Iustices appoynted to sit in diuerse partes of the realme This yere the king in September caused Iustices to sit in the north partes of the realme and likewise in October and in the winter following he caused the like to bee done in the South and west parts The king himselfe was oftentymes present assysting the Lordes which he had appoynted his Commissioners for the furtheraunce of Iustice and maintenance therof through all partes of his realme The king by the aduice of these noble men of his realme thinking it necessary for him to match againe in mariage with some noble princesse The king is a suter for mariage to the Dutchesse of Longuile sent into France vnto the Erle of Murrey and Dauid Beton Abbot of Arbroth his Ambassadors there resident willing them by the aduice of the French king to treate for a mariage to bee had betwixt him and the Ladie Marie de Lorraine dutchesse of Longuile widdow daughter to the Duke of Guise and being aduertised from his sayde Ambassadors that the King of France the Lady hir selfe and hir friendes were well contented therewith he sent in the beginning of May the Lorde Maxwell and the maister of Glencarne well accompanied into Fraunce to ioyne with hys other Ambassadours for the contracting of that maryage the which according to their Commission treated thereof and concluded vpon resolute articles and so espoused hir by procurators as the vse is among such estates with great triumph in the Citie of Paris whereat the king and many noble men were present After this she was conueyed to Newhauen and there taking the Seas passed through the same till she came to Carell in Fife where shee landed the tenth of Iune and from thence shee was conueyed to the new Palace in the Abbay of Saint Andrewes being honourably prepared for the receyuing of hir And there the King accompanyed wyth manye Noble menne The mariage solemnized openlye solemnized and confyrmed the foresayde mariage with the sayd Ladie in the Abbay Church with great ioy and triumph The King with hys Queene remayned there the moste part of that Sommer And wythin a fewe Monethes after the maryage she conceyued wyth childe to the greate comforte of the King and the whole Realme for the hope of succession thereby and therefore generall Processions and publike prayers were made through all partes of the Realme to 〈◊〉 prosperous successe of the same After that the king had pacified the 〈◊〉 and all other parts of his realme by exercising 〈◊〉 Iustice and trauailing about the same in his â—…wne persone through all places where neede requâ—…yred so that there was as greate quietnesse rest Great quietâ—… in Scotland
setting came to Wilton and sodenly set fire on the towne The king being lodged within the Nunry and feating no such matter after he hearde of the soden assembly of his enemies was put in such feare that he tooke hym selfe dishonourably to flight leauyng his men his plate and other riches altogether behind him The earles soldiers egerly assaile the kings people VV. Parm. S. Dun. N. Triuet M. Paris killing and taking thē at their pleasure risted y e kyngs treasure without any resistance In this broile was Williā Marcel or Martell taken prisoner by earle Robert◅ men and led to the castle of Walingford where Brian the earle of Glocesters sonne hauyng charge of that castle kept him in strayt prison vsed him hardly enough and by reason of the opinion which men had cōceyued of his valiancy he could not be deliuered tyll he had payd for this ransome iij. C. markes and deliuered into the Earles handes the castle of Shirborne Within a few dayes after Milo earle of Hereford departed this life Miles earle of Hereford deceaseth whose death was right displeasant to the empresse for he was one of hir chiefe frendes and counsellors His eldest sonne Roger succeded hym a Gentleman though young in yeares yet valiant and forward in feares of armes The case of this Theobald therefore stoode now very hard for Henry Bishop of Winchester the kings brother through enuie had so wrought that if the Archbishop transported ouer without licence he should be confined of the king Againe he was sure if he came not to the Coūcel that he shold be also suspēded by the Pope Hereupon the Archbishop meaning rather to offende the kyng than the Pope got ouer as it were swimmyng rather than saylyng The vessel in which he passed ouer being so bad for al the Ports were kept by the kings seruauntes so that he was glad to take suche a boat as came next to hand In consideration wherof he was highly cōmended by the pope In this Councell the Prebendaries of Yorke together with Henry Mordack then Abbot of Fountneys presented them selues exhibityng their cōplaint against Williā Archb. of Yorke for that as they alledged he was neither canonically chosen nor lawfully consecrated but thrust in by the kings authority At lēgth therfore was the Archb. William conuict and deposed Alberte Bishop of Hostia pronouncing the sentence in this wise We do decree by the apostolike authoritie that William Archb. of Yorke is to be deposed from his See bycause that Stephē kyng of England before any canonicall electiō named hym then for that pope Eugenius had thus deposed the Archb. William although not with the consent of the more part of the Cardinalles the Chapiter of the church of Yorke by his cōmaundement commyng together part of them chose Hylary bishop of Chichester the other part chose Henry Murdacke Abbot of Founteney The foresaid Pope Eugenius when both the elections wer shewed vnto hym at Auxerre he cōfirmed the electiō of Henry Murdacke disanulled y e other although with no smal commendations of the person elected so cōsecrated the foresaid Henry with his owne hands The late nominate Archbish William being thus deposed returned into England remayned at Winchester with K. Henry tyll the death of Pope Eugenius folowing the counsell of the same Bishop in all things After the Councell at Rheimes was ended the archb Theobald returned into Englād cōming to Cant. was receiued w t great honor of the Conuēt citizēs there But the king remainyng as thē at London whē he heard of it was sore moued in displeasure came with great speed vnto Cāterbury wher much conference being had betwixt hym and the archb although to small purpose for the bringyng of them to an agreement at length the king cōpelled the archb to depart y e realme Wherupon after a few dayes respect he went to Douer where he tooke ship passed ouer into Fraunce But shortly after he was called backe by the queene and Will of Ypres vnto S. Omers that they might the sooner aduertise hym of the kings mynde and pleasure Here he consecrated Gylbert the elect Bish of Hereford the .v. day of Sept. Theodoric Bishop of Amieus and Nicholas Bishop of Cābrey assistyng hym After this whē by sending to and fro of messengers aswell Bishops Abbots and other both spiritual persons and temporal there could no agreement be made he directed his letter to certain churches here in England pronouncing by a certaine day to wyt the .xij. day of Sept. a sentence of Interdictiō to be obserued through y e realme The monkes of Cāterbury sore offended herewith before the prefixed day of this sentence to be put in vre sent two Monkes of their own house Nigelle Absolon vnto the Pope whose errand when the Pope had vnderstoode he cōmaunded thē to returne home to obey their archbishops sentence in all things In the meane tyme the archbishops men and tenāts were sore oppressed and his rentes and reuenues seased and taken to the kings vse and that before the dayes of payment Which maner of proceedyng sore grieued the archbishop in so much that he departing from S. Omers came to Grauelyng and there taking the sea came ouer to a town called Gos◅ford that belōged vnto Hugh Bigot Earle of Norfolke which Earle receiued hym with great honour and sent him al necessarye prouision so long as he remayned in his countrey At the terme appoynted he interdicted al the kings dominions and would not reuoke the sentence tyll Robert bishop of London Hylarie B. of Chichester Williā B. of Norwich with many other Noble mē came to hym vnto Framelingham in Northfolke a castle apperteynyng vnto the said earle where at length an attonement was concluded betwixt him the king and thē was he brought home vnto Cāterbury with great ioy and honor The Monkes of Canterbury for disobeying the Interdiction he accused trustyng that the Pope would not heare those two Monkes which they had sent as he dyd not in deede And as before it appeareth he excōmunicated also all those that had receiued the Sacramentes amongst them during the tyme of the Interdiction Those Monkes therefore being at their wits end dispatched with all speede other two Monkes to the Pope to obteyne an absolution before the archb should vnderstand it but they wer sent backe againe with checks and cōmaunded to obey their archbishop in all things Geruasius Anno. regni 13. 1148. as the other were which had bin there with hym before The Monkes of Canterbury that were sent to Rome returnyng came from thence to Bollongne where they founde those that wer first sent thither and so they all foure together came to Cant. The Pope also had sent a priuie commaundement to the archbishop that he should duely punish aswell them as the other The archbishop therfore takyng counsell with his frendes deposed the Prior whose name was Siluester frō his roume of Priorship and suspended
stoode by him I deliuer my selfe an vnworthie and grieuous sinner vnto you the ministers of God by this corde beseeching our Lorde Iesus Christ whiche pardoned the theefe confessing hys faultes on the Crosse that throughe your prayers and for his great mercyes sake it may please him to bee mercifull vnto my soule wherevnto they all answered Amen Then sayde he vnto them drawe me out of this bedde with this Corde and lay me in that bedde strewed with Ashes which he had of purpose prepared and as he commaunded so they did He is drawne out of his bed a thing vnlike to be true and they layde at his feete and at his heade two greate square stones And thus hee beeyng prepared to death he willed that his bodie after his deceasse shoulde be conueyed into Normandie and buryed at Rouen And so after he had receyued the Sacrament of the bodie and bloud of our Lorde hee departed this life as afore is sayde His death about the .xxviij. yeare of his age Thus dyed this yong King in hys flourishing youth to whome through hys owne iust desertes long lyfe was iustly denyed sithe hee delyghted to begynne his gouernement wyth vnlawfull attemptes as an other Absolon agaynste hys owne naturall Father seeking by wrongfull violence to pull the Scepter out of his hande Hee is not put in the number of Kings bycause he remayned forthe more parte vnder the gouernaunce of his father and was taken oute of this lyfe before hys father so that hee rather bare the name of king as appoynted to raigne than that he maye bee sayde to haue raigned in deede His body after his death was coÌ„ueyed towards Rouen there to be buried accordingly as hee had wylled Nic. Triuet but when those that had charge to conuey it thyther were come vnto the Citie of Mauns the Bishoppe there and the Cleargie would not suffer them to go any further wyth it but committed it to buryall in honourable wyfe within the Church of Saint Iulian. When the Citizens of Rouen were hereof aduertised they were sore offended with that doing streyght wayes sent vnto them of Mauns requyring to haue the corps dâ—…liuered threatning otherwise with manye earnest othes to fetche it from them by force King Henrie therefore to sette order in thys matter commaunded that the corps of his sonne the King shoulde bee deliuered vnto them of Rouen to be buryed in theyr Citie as he himselfe had willed before his death And so it was taken vp and conueyed to Rouen The bodie of the yong kiâ—â— lastly buried at Rouen where it was eftsoones there buryed in the Churche of oure Ladie King Henrie after his sonne the king was thus deade enforced hys power more earnestly than before to winne the Citie and Castell of Lymoges whiche hee hadde besieged â—…ymoges renâ—â—ed to king â—…enrie and at length had them bothe rendred ouer into hys handes with all other Castelles and places of strength kept by his enimies in those partyes of the which some he furnished with garnisons and some hee caused to bee razed flatte wyth the grounde There rose aboute the same tyme occasion of strife and variaunce betwixt king Henry and the Frenche King aboute the enioying of the Countrey lying about Gysors cleped Veulquesine â—…eulquesine on thys syde the Ryuer of Hept whiche was gyuen vnto King Henrie the Sonne in consideration of the maryage had betwixt hym and Queene Margaret the Frenche Kinges sister For the Frenche King nowe after the death of hys brother in lawe King Henrie the sonne requyred to haue the same restored vnto the Crowne of France but king Henrie was not willing to depart with it The kings of â—…ngland and â—…rance talke â—â—gither At length they mette betwixt Trie and Gysors to talke of the matter where they agreed that Queene Margaret the widow of the late deceassed king Henrie the sonne shoulde receyue yearely during hir lyfe .1750 poundes of Aniouyn money at Paris of king Henry the father and his heires in consideration whereof shee shoulde release and quiteclayme all hir right to those lands that were demaunded as Veulquesine and others Shortly after Geffrey Earle of Brytayne came to his father and submitting himselfe was reconciled to him and also to his brother Richard Earle of Poictou An. Reg. 30 Also I finde that king Henrie at an enteruiew had betwixt him and the French king at their accustomed place of meeting betwixt Trie and Gisors on Saint Nicholas day did his homage to the same French king for the lands which he held of him on that side the sea which to doe till then he had refused The same yeare king Henrie helde his Christmasse at the Citie of Mauns Also when the king had agreed the Frenche king and the Earle of Flaunders 1184 for the controuersie that chaunced betwixt them about the landes of Vermendoys he passed through the Earle of Flanders Countrey and comming to Wysande tooke shippe and sayled ouer into Englande landing at Douer the tenth day of Iune with his daughter the Duches of Saxonie The duchesse of Saxonie deâ—…iuered of a â—…onne the which was afterwardes deliuered of a sonne at Winchester and hir husbande the Duke of Saxonie came also this yeare into Englande and was ioyfully receyued and honourably interteyned of the king his father in lawe There died this yeare sundry honorable personages as Simon Erle of Huntington that was son to SimoÌ„ Erle of Northampton after whose decease the king gaue his erledome vnto his brother Dauid or as Radulfus de Diceto sayth Death of noble men bycause the said Simon died without issue the king gaue the Erledom of Huntingt vnto Wil. king of Scots son to Erle Henry that was son to K. Dauid Also the Erle of Warwik died this yere Thomas Fitz Bernard L. chiefe iustice of the Forests which roumth Alain de Neuill had enioyed before him But now after the death of this Tho. Fitz Bernard The gouernment of the forests deuided the k. diuided his forests into sundrie quarters to euerie quarter he appointed foure iustices two of y e spiritualtie two knights of the temporaltie beside two generall wardens that were of his owne-seruants to be as surueyers aboue all other Foresters of vert venison whose office was to see that no misorder nor spoyle were committed within any groundes of Warren coÌ„trarie to the assises of Forests There dyed this yeare also diuerse Prelates as foure Bishoppes to witte Gerald surnamed la Pucelle Bishop of Chester Walranne Bishop of Rochester Ioceline Bishop of Salisburie and Bartholmew bishop of Exeter There died also diuerse Abbots vpon the .xvj. of Febuarie died Richard Archbish of Canterburie in the .xj. yeare after his first entring into the gouernment of that sea His bodie was buried at Canterburie He was noted to be a man of euill life and wasted the goodes of that Churche inordinately It was reported that before his death
Admirall of the Seas which thing brought to passe be would deliuer the English Nauie into the hands of the sayde King Philippe Herevpon was he set at libertie and ouer hee commeth into Englande And for as muche as he was knowne to bee a manne of syngular and approoued valyauncye King Edwarde receyued hym verye courteously who remembring hys promysed practise to the Frenche King fell in hande by procuring friendes to bee made Admirall of the Seas But King Edwarde as God woulde haue it denied that sute The French king sendeth forth a fleet against englaÌ„d Abingdon The French king in the meane time hauing prepared his nauie coteining three hundred saile what with the Gasleys and other Ships for hee had got diuerse doth fro Merselles Genoa sent the same forth to the seas that vpon such occasion the king of Englande might also sende forth his Fleete But the Frenche name comming neare to the coast of Englande and lying at Ancre certaine dayes looking for sir Thomas Turberuile when hee came not at the day prefixed the Captaynes of the Frenche fleete appoynted one of theyr Vesselles to approche neare to the shore and to sette a lande certaine persons that knewe the Countrey to vnderstande and learne the cause of suche stay They beeing taken of the Englishe men and examined coulde make no direct answere in theyr owne excuse and so were put to death Abingdon Some write that they sent fiue Galleys towards the shore to suruey the coast of the which Galleys one of them aduauncing forth afore hir fellowes arriued at Hide neare to Rumney hauen where the English men espying hir to draw the French men a lande feigned to flie backe into the Countrey but returning sodainly vppon the enimies French men slaine A Gally burnt they slue the whole number of them being about two hundred and fifty persons They set fire on the Galley also and burned hir The Admirall of the French fleete kindled in anger herewith sayled streight vnto Douer and there landing with his people Douer robbed by the French robbed the towne and Priorie The townesmen being striken with feare of the sodaine landing of their enimies fled into the Countrey and raysed people on 〈◊〉 side the which being assembled togither in 〈◊〉 numbers towards euening came to Douer 〈◊〉 inuading such French meÌ„ as were strayed abroâ—â— to seeke prayes slue theÌ„ downe in suâ—… 〈◊〉 places The French Admiral which had bene 〈◊〉 at the day in pâ—…ring the towne The 〈…〉 hearing the noyse of those Frenchmen that came running towardes the sea side streight ways getteth him to his shipâ—… with such pillage as he could take with him The other French men whiche were gâ—…e abrode into the Countrey to fetche prayes and coulde the come to theyr shippes in tyme were statue euery mothers sonne Some of them hid themselues in the corne fieldes and were after slaine of the Country people Frenchâ—… 〈…〉 Douer There was little lesse than .viij. hundred of them thus slaine by one meane and other at that time There were not manye of the men of Douer slain for they escaped by â—…ight at the first entrie made by the Frenchmen But of women and children there dyed a great number for the enimyes spared none There was also an olde Monke slaine named Thomas a man of suche vertue as the opinion went 〈◊〉 after his deceasse many myracles through 〈◊〉 were shewed Sir Thomas Turberuile being troubled in his minde that he could not bring his trayterous purpose to passe beganne to assay another way which was to procure Iohn Ballioll King of Scotlande to ioyne in league with the Frenche K. but ere any of his practises coulde be brought aboute his treason was reuealed Sir 〈…〉 and he coâ—…st thereof was put to execution Nic. Triuet Nich. Tri. saith y t he had promised the French king to cause Wales to reuolt froÌ„ K. Edwarde and that by procurement of the Prouost of Paris he consented to worke such treason And as some write Caxton hee did not onely homage vnto the FreÌ„ch K. but also left two of his sonnes in pledge for assurance to worke that which he had promised His secretarie that wrote the letters vnto the French K. coÌ„teining his imagined treasons Abingâ—… with other aduertisements touching king Edwardes purposes fearing least the matter by some other meanes might come to light as well to his destruction as his maisters for concealing it disclosed the whole to the king He hauing knowledge that he was bewrayed by his seruant fled out of the Court but such diligence was vsed in the pursute of him that he was taken within two dayes after and brought backe agayne to London where he was conuicted of the treason so by â—…yâ—… imagined and therfore finally put to death This yeare the Cleargie gaue to the king the tenth part of their goodes the Citizens a sixt part and the commons a twelfth part or rather â—…s Euersden hath the Burgesses of good towâ—…s gaue the seueÌ„th and the commons abrode the .xj. peny â—…e death of â—…ble men The same yeare died Gilbert de Clary Earle of Gloucester which left issue behinde him be got of his wife the Countesse Ioan the kings daughter beside three daughters one yong sonne named also Gylbert to succeede him as his he yâ—…e The Countesse his wife after hir husbandes decease maried a knight of meanâ—… estate borne in the Byshoprike of Dâ—…resme 〈◊〉 Raule â—…uthermer â—…dded the â—…tesse of â—…ucester named Sir Raâ—…e Monthermer that that 〈…〉 Earle â—…ee fyrst husbande in hys lyfe tyme. The king at the first tooke displeasure herewith but at length thorow the high valiantie of the knight diuerse tymes shewed and apparantly approued the matter was so well taken that he was entituled Erle of Glocester and aduanced to great honor 〈…〉 Iohn Romain Archbishop of Yorke also this yeare died after whom one Henry de Newinarke dâ—…aue of the Colledge there succeded Moreouer the same yeare William de Valence Earle of Pembroke departed this life and lyeth buryed at Westmynster and then Aimer his sonne succeeded him â—…e king of 〈◊〉 concluâ—… a league â—…h the FreÌ„ch 〈…〉 Iohn king of Scotlande â—…anceth his sonne Edwarde Ballioll with the daughter of Charles on Valâ—…ys brother to the French king and conchideth with the sayde Frenche king a league against the king of England Nothing moued the Scottishe king so much hereto as the affection which he bare towards his natiue Countrey for he was a French man borne lord of Harecourt in Normandie which sâ—…gnorie was after made an Earledome by Philip du Valoys King of Fraunce â—…at VVest The Scottishmen had chosen .xij. Peeres that is to say foure Bishops foure Earles and foure Barons by whose aduise and counsayle the King shoulde gouerne the Realme by whom he was induced also to consent vnto such accorde wyth the French men contrarie to his promised fayth giuen to king
thereto than follow his olde maners considering that it might be well perceyued that if he continued in the encouraging of the king to lewdnesse as in tymes past he had done he could not thinke but that the Lordes woulde bee readie to correct him as by proufe he had nowe tryed their meanings to be no lesse Herevpon to retaine amitie 1309 An. reg 3. Hen. Marle as was thought on both sydes Pierce by consent of the Lordes was restored home againe the king meeting him at Chester to his great comfort and reioysing for the time although the malice of the Lordes was such that such ioy lasted not long In the fourth yeare of king Edwarde was a Councell holden at London agaynst the Templers 1310 An. reg 4. The addition to Triuet the which Councell endured froÌ„ the beginning of May till Iune In this councell they confessed the fame but not the fact of the crymes layde to theyr charge except two or three ribalds that were amongst them but bycause they could not cleare themselues they were adiudged to perpetuall penance within certaine Monasteries The king this yeare fearing the enuie of the Lordes agaynst Pierce de Gaueston The Earle of Cornwal placed in Bambourgh castel placed him for his more safetie in Bambourgh Castell bearing the Prelates and Lordes in hande that hee had committed him there to prison for theyr pleasures This yeare also there were ordinances made for the state and gouernment of the Realme by the Prelates Earles and Barons which were confirmed with the sentence of excomunication agaynst all them that should goe about to breake the same The king neither allowed of them nor obserued them although he had confirmed them with his seale and sent them to all Cathedrall Churches and Counties to be registred in perpetuall memorie thereof Polidor The king in deede was lewdly ledde for after that the Earle of Cornewall was returned into Englande he shewed himselfe no chaungeling as writers do affirme but through support of the kings fauour bare himselfe so high in his doings which were without all good order that he seemed to disdaine all the Peeres and Barons of the realme Also after the olde sort he prouoked the king to all naughtie rule and riotous demeanor and hauing the custodie of the kings Iewels and treasure he tooke out of the Iewelhouse a table and a paire of trestels of golde which he deliuered vnto a marchant called Aymerie de Friscobalde Caxton commaunding him to conuey them ouer the Sea into Gascoigne Thys table was iudged of the common people to belong sometime vnto king Arthure and therefore men grudged the more that the same shoulde thus be sent oute of the Realme 1311 Rich. South An. reg 5. The king this yeare raysed a great power to goe into Scotlande And about the feast of the Assumption of our ladie hauing with him Piers de Gaueston Earle of Cornwall and the Earles of Gloucester and Warren Berwike fortified he came to Berwike which town he caused to be fortified with a stroÌ„g wall and a mightie deepe ditch and although the other Earles woulde not come to serue him in that voyage The king entred into Scotlande by reason of a newe variaunce risen amongest them yet hee marcheth forth into Scotland to seke his aduersary Robert le Bruce but Robert refusing the battaile kept him forth of the way so that the king was driuen to return to Berwike againe without meeting with his enimies And he was no sooner come backe but the sayde Robert and his people enter into Louthian sore molesting such as were yeelded to the king of England The king aduertised thereof followed them but coulde do no good and so returned The Erle of Cornewall lay at Rokesbourgh and the Earle of Gloucester at Norham to defend those parties After Candlemasse the King sent the Earle of Cornewall with two hundred men of armes to Saint Iohns towne beyond the Scottish sea who receyued to the kings peace all those that inhabited beyonde that Sea vp to the Mountains The king lay still at Berwike but the Earles of Gloucester and Warren after the beginning 〈◊〉 Lent rode into the forest of Selkyrke and receyued the Foresters and other the inhabitants thâ—… to the kings peace In this fifth yere of the kings raigne but somwhat before this present in the yeare .1310 Henry Lacie Earle of Lyncolne gouernor of England in the kings absence departed this life in which place the Earle of Gloucester was chosen gouernour and therefore hee returned nowe 〈◊〉 Englande This Earle of Lyncolne was vailed in the new worke at Pauls Lying on his death bed be requested as was reported Thomas erle of LaÌ„caster that had maried his daughter that in any wise he should stand with the other Lords in defence of the common wealth and to maintein his quarel against the Earle of Cornwall which request Erle Thomas faithfully accomplished for by the pursute of him and of the Earle of Warwike chiefly the sayd Earle of Cornwall was at length taken and beheaded as after shal appeare Some write that king Edward the first vpon his death bed charged y e Erles of Lincolne Warwike and Pembroke to foresee that the foresayde Pierce returned not again into England least by his euill example hee might enduce his sonne the Prince to lewdnesse as before hee had alreadye done Thomas Erle of LaÌ„caster came toward Berwike to do homage to the king for the Erledome of Lincolne fallen to him in right of his wife now after the deceasse of hir father the late Earle of Lincolne But he was councelled not to goe forth of the Realme to the king so that thervpon rose no small displeasure great doubt least there would haue followed ciuil warres about it Neuerthelesse at length the king was perswaded to come ouer the water vnto Hagerston foure myles distaunt from Berwike and there receyued homage of the Earle so they continued friends and for that tyme departed asunder in louyng maner The Lords perceyuing the mischief that dayly followed and encreased by that naughtie man as they tooke it the Erle of Cornwal Fabiaâ—… Hen. Mâ—… assembled at Lyncolne and there tooke counsaile togyther and concluded eftsoones to banish him out of the Realme and so therevpon shortly after about Christmasse as some write or rather as other haue within the quindene of Saint Michaell Ri. Saith The Earle 〈◊〉 Comâ—…wall â—…nished into Flaunders he was exyled into Flaunders sore agaynste the Kings wyll and pleasure who made suche account of him that as appeared hee coulde not bee quiet in mynde withoute hys companye and therefore about Candlemasse hee eftsoones reuoked hym home 12â—… But hee beryng nothing at al amended of those hys euill manners rather demeaned himself worse than before he had done namely towardes the Lordes agaynst whome vsing reprochfull speech hee called the Earle of Gloucester bastarde the Earle of Lyncolne lately deceassed bursten belly the
Matelonne or Martelonne the lord de la Valle and the bastard of Bourbon with other to the number as some haue writtē of fiue C. But Enguerant de Monstrellet affirmeth that vpon their returne into Fraunce there wāted not aboue .lx. persons of all their cōpanies After they had lain thus one against an other y e space of .viij. dayes as before is sayde vitails began to fail so that they were enforced to dislodge The Frēch Welchmē withdrew into Wales and though the Englishe men followed yet empeached with the desart grounds and barren coūtry through which they must passe as ouer felles and craggie mountaines from hill to dale from marish to wood from naught to worse as Hall sayth without vitailes or succor the king was of force constrained to retire with his army and returne againe to Worcester in which returne the enimies took certaine cariages of his laden with vytayles The French men after the armies were thus withdrawne returned into Britain The French men returne home making small bragges of their painfull iourney This yeare at London An. reg ◅ the Earle of Arundell maried the bastard daughter of the king of Portingale the king of Englande and the Queene with theyr presence honouring the solemnitie of that feast whiche was kept wyth all sumptuous royaltie the morrowe after Saint Katherines daye And on the day of the Conception of our Ladie the Ladie Philip King Henries daughter was proclaymed Queene of Denmarke Norwey and Sweden in presence of suche Ambassadours as the last Sommer came hither from the king of those Countreys to demaund hir in mariage for him and had so trauayled in the matter that finally they obteyned This yeare the first of Marche 1406 A parliament a Parliament began which continued almost all this yeare for after that in the lower house they hadde denyed a long time to graunt to any subsidie yet at length a little before Christmasse in the .viij. yeare of his raign they granted a .xv. A fiftenth gr◅ted by the te◅poraltie to the losse and great domage of the comunaltie for through lingring of time the expenses of knights and burgesses grewe almost in value to the sum that was demaunded Moreouer A new kind◅ of subsidie g◅ted by the clergie by the Clergie a new kinde of subsidie was graunted to the King to bee leuied of stipendarie priests and Friers mēdicants other such religious men as sung for the dead celebrating as they termed it Anniuarsaries euery of thē gaue halfe a marke in reliefe of other of the Clergie that had still borne the burthen for them before Whervpon now they murmured and grudged sore for that they were thus charged at that present The same time the Erle of Northumberland and the Lorde Bardolfe warned by the Lord Dauid Fleming that there was a conspiracie practised to delyuer them into the King of Englandes hands fledde into Wales to Owen Glendouer This cost the Lorde Fleming his life The l. Fleming left ◅ life for g◅ knowledge the erle of ◅thumberland of that wh◅ was m◅◅galest him for after it was knowne that hee hadde disclosed to the Earle of Northumberlande what was ment agaynst him and that the Earle therevpon was shyfted awaye certaine of the Scottes fiue the said Lord Fleming Whervpon no small grudge rose betwixt those that so slue him and the sayde lord Flemings friends For this other matters such dissention sprung vp amongst the Scottish Nobilitie that one durst not trust another Dessenti◅◅mōg the ◅tish nobilitie so that they were glad to sue for a truce betwixt Englande and them whiche was graunted to endure for one yeare as in some bookes we finde recorded This truce being obteyned Robert King of Scotland vpon considerations as in the Scottish historie ye may read more at large sent hys eldest sonne Iames intituled prince of Scotland a childe not past nine yeres of age to be conueyed into Fraunce ◅ewen yeares sayth Hard. vnder the conduct of the Earle of Orkency The prince of Scotland stayd here in Englād and a Bishop in hope that hee myght there both remayne in safetie and also learne the French tongue But it fortuned that as they sayled neare to the Englishe coast about Flambrough heade in Holdernesse their shippe was taken and stayed by certaine Mariners of Claye a towne in Norffolke that were abrode the same time and so he and all his companie being apprehended the xxx of Marche was conueyed to Wyndsore where though he had letters from his father which he presented to the king conteyning a request in his sonnes behalfe for fauour to bee shewed towardes him if by chaunce hee landed within any of his dominions yet was he deteyned and as wel he himselfe as the Earle of Orkney was committed to safe keeping in the tower of London but the Byshop got away and escaped as some write by what means I know not By the Scottishe writers were finde that thys chaunced in the yeare .1404 that is two yeares before the time noted in diuerse English writers as Tho. Wals and other But Harding sayth it was in the .ix. yere of king Henries raigne to wit in An. 1408 but whensoeuer it chanced it is to be thought that there was no truce at that pri◅nt betweene the two realmes but that the war to as rather open sithe diuerse Englishe rebelles styll remayned in Scotlande Hall and were there succored to the high displeasure of King Henrie By authoritie of the Parliament that all this time continued the Braytons that serued the Queene with two of his daughters were banished the realme Robert Halome Chauncellor of Oxforde Rob. Holome Archbishop of Yorke as then beeing in the Popes Court of Rome was created Archbishop of Yorke Moreouer the same time the Pope gaue vnto Thomas Langley the bishoprike of Durham which by the death of Walter Skirlaw was thē voyde In the sommer of this yeare the Ladie Philip the kings yonger daughter was sent ouer vnto hir affianced husband Erick king of Dēmark The K. and the Queene brought hir to Lyane where she toke shipping Tho. VVals Norway Sweden being cōueied thither with great pomp and there maried to the said king where she tasted according to y e cōmon speech vsed in praying for the successe of suche as matche togither in mariage both ioy some sorow amōg There attended hir thither Hērie Bowet Bishop of Bath and the L. Richard brother to the duke of Yorke An. reg 8. The Duke of Yorke restored a◅ liberty In the Parliament which yet continued the Duke of Yorke was restored to his former libertie estate and dignitie where many supported that he had bin dead long before that time in pryson Edmond Holland Erle of Kent was in suche fauour with king Henrie The erle of kent in fauour with the king that he not onely aduanced him to high offices and great honors but also to his great costs
Henrye Marques of Exeter Cousin Germayne to King Henrye the eight as is said before For the saide King and hee were descended of two sisters Elizabeth and Katherine two of the daughters of Kyng Edwarde the fourth whych propinquitie of bloud notwithstandyng the sayde Marques for poyntes of treason layde against hym suffered at the Tower hil the thirtith yeare of the raigne of King Henry the eight to the greate doloure of the most of the subiectes of thys Realme who for hys sundry vertues bare him greate fauour After whose death this yong Gentleman hys sonne beeyng yet a childe was committed prisoner to the Tower where hee remayned vntyll the beginning of the raigne of thys Queene Mary as before you haue hearde Thys Gentleman as it appeared was borne to bee a Prisoner for from twelue yeares of age vnto thirtie hee hadde scarce two yeares libertie within the whiche time hee dyed and obteyned quiet whiche in his life he could neuer haue Ambassadors sent to treate a peace betweene the Frenche king and the Emperoure In the moneth of May nexte followyng Cardinall Poole who hadde bin a great labourer for peace betwene the French Kyng and the Emperour beeyng accompanyed with Steuen Gardiner Byshop of Winchester and Chancellor of Englande the Earle of Arundell Lorde Stewarde and the Lorde Paget were sent by the Kyng and Queene ouer the Sea to Calais and from thence went to the Towne of Marke where they mette with the Ambassadours of the Emperoure and the Frenche Kyng From the Emperoure were sente the Byshoppe of Arras with other From the Frenche King was sente the Cardinall of Loraine the Connestable of France In thys treatie Cardinall Poole sate as president and Vmpiere in the name of the Queene of England This peace was greatly laboured where at the firste there was muche hope but in the ende nothing was concluded wherefore the seuententh day of Iune thys assembly was dissolued and the English Ambassadors returned agayne into Englande An. reg 3. In the beginning of September .1555 Kyng Philip went ouer into Flanders to the Emperour hys father A greate flood encreased by rayne And in the moneth of October nexte following fell so greate a rayne that the abundance thereof caused the Thames to swell so hygh that for the space of foure or fyue dayes the Boates and Barges rowed ouer all Sainte Georges fielde and the water rose so hygh at Westminster that lykewise a boate myghte haue bin rowed from the one ende of the Hall to the other Commissioners sent to Oxforde About this time the Byshoppes of Lincolne Gloucester and Bristow were sent in commission to Oxford by the Popes authoritie to examine Ridley and Latimer vpon certayne articles by them Preached whiche if they woulde not recant and consente to the Popes doctrine then hadde they power to proceede to sentence agaynste them as Heretikes and to committe them ouer to the secular power Those two Doctors neuerthelesse stoode constantly to that whyche they hadde taught and woulde not reuoke for whyche cause they were condemned and after burned in the Towne ditche at Oxforde the sixtenth daye of October In the tyme of whose examination bycause the Byshoppes aforesayde declared themselues to bee the Popes Commissioners neyther Ridley nor Latimer woulde doe them anye reuerence but kepte theyr cappes on theyr heads wherefore they were sharpelye rebuked by the Byshoppe of Lincolne and one of the officers was commaunded to take off theyr cappes Of these menne and the manner of theyr deathe yee may reade at large in the Booke of the Monuments of the Churche The one and twentith of October A Parliament a Parliamente was holden at Westminster in the whyche amongst other thyngs the Queene beeing perswaded by the Cardinall and other of hir Cleargie that shee coulde not prosper so long as shee kepte in hir handes any possessions of the Churche dyd frankely and freely resigne and render vnto them all those reuenewes ecclesiasticall whych by the authoritie of Parliament in the tyme of Kyng Henrye hadde bin annexed to the Crowne called the fyrst frutes and tenthes of all Byshoprickes benefices and Ecclesiasticall promotions The resignation whereof was a greate diminution of the reuenewes of the Crowne Duryng the tyme of this Parliament The death of Stephen Gardner Byshop of Winchester Stephen Gardiner Byshoppe of Winchester and Chancellor of Englande dyed at hys house called Winchester place besyde Saint Marye Queries in Southwarke the ninth day of Nouember whose corps was shortly after solemnely from thence conueyd to hys Churche of Winchester and there buryed After whose deathe The Archbyshop of Yorke Nicholas Heathe Archebyshoppe of Yorke was preferred by the Queene to the office of the Chauncelloure In the moneth of Marche nexte following 1556 there was in manner no other talke but of the greate preparation that was made for the Queenes lying in Childbed who hadde alreadye taken vppe hir chamber and sundry Ladies and Gentlewomen were placed about hir in euerye office of the Court. In so muche that all the Courte was full of Midwiues Nursses and Rockers and this talke continued almost halfe a yeare and was affirmed true by some of hir Phisitions and other persons about hir In so muche that dyuers were punished for saying the contrary And moreouer commaundemente was gyuen in all Churches for Procession with supplications and prayers to bee made to Almightie God for hir safe deliuerie Yea and dyuers prayers were specially made for that purpose And the sayde rumor continued so long A rumor that Queene Marâ—… was deliuered of a Prince that at the last reporte was made that shee was delyuered of a Prince and for ioye thereof Belles were roong and Bonefiers made not only in the Citie of London but also in sundrie places of the Realme but in the ende all proued cleane contrarie and the ioy and expectatioÌ„ of the people vtterly frustrate for shortly it was fully certified almost to all men that the Queene was as then neyther deliuered of childe nor after was in hope to haue any Of this the people spake diuersly Some sayde that the rumor of the Queenes conception was spredde for a policie Some affirmed that she was with childe but it miscaried Some other sayd that shee was deceiued by a Timpany or other lyke disease whereby shee thoughte shee was with childe and was not But what the troth was I referre the reporte thereof to other that know more Aboute thys tyme Brookes Byshoppe of Gloucester was by the Cardinall sente downe as Commissioner from the Pope to Oxforde there to syâ—â—e vppon the examination of Thomas Cranmer Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie in suche things as shoulde bee layde to hys charge by Iohn Story and Thomas Martin Doctors in the lawes sent specially in commission from the Queene At which time the sayde Archebyshoppe makyng lowe obeysance to them that sate in the Queenes name shewed no token of reuerence to the Byshoppe that was the
away in maner as before ye haue hearde after he had raigned as moste wryters affyrme the space of fiue yeares Then after that his death was knowne those that had the bringing vp and custodie of his two yonger brethren Aurelius Ambrosius Vter Pendragon Aurelius Ambrose and Vter Pendragon mistrusting the wicked intent of Vortigerne whose dissimulatiō and mischieuous meaning by some great likelihoods they suspected with all speede they got them to the sea fled into little Brytaine there keeping them till it pleased God otherwise to prouide for them But Vortigerne coulde so well dissimule his craftie workings and with such conueyance and cloked maner coulde shadow and colour the matter that most men thought and iudged him most innocent and voyd of all euil meaning insomuch that he obteyned so greatly the fauour of the people the hee was reputed for the onely stay and defender of the common wealth Herevppon came it to passe that when the Coūsell was assembled to elect a new king for so much as the other sonnes of king Constantine were not of age sufficient to rule Vortigerne himselfe was chosen Vortigerne is chosen king of Brytaynes diuerse of the nobles whom hee had procured thereto giuing their voyces to this his preferment as to one best deseruing the same in their opinion and iudgement Vortigerne Vortigerne 446 THus was Vortigerne chosen and made king of Brytain in the yere of our Lord .446 third Cōsulship of Aetius 1197. of Rome .4 of the 305. Olympiade .4112 of the worlde the Dominicall letter going by F the Prime by ten whiche fell about the .xxj. yeare of the Emperour Valentinianus the same yeare that Meroueus began to raigne ouer the Frenchmen Before hee was made king he was Earle or Duke of the Geuisses a people which helde that part of Brytaine where afterwardes the west Saxons inhabited Nowe after that Vortigerne had with treason fraude and greate deceyte at length atteyned that for the whiche hee had long looked Hector Bo. hee fyrste of all furnished the Tower of London wyth a strong garrison of menne of warre Then studying to aduaunce onely such as he knew to be his especiall friendes and fauourers he sought by all meanes how to oppresse other of whose good will hee had neuer so little mistrust 415 namely those that were affectionate towardes the lynage of Constantine he hated deadly and deuised by secrete meanes which way he might best destroy them but these his practises being at the first perceyued caused suche as had the gouernance of the two yong Gentlemen with all speede to get them ouer as yee haue heard into Brytayne Armorike there to remaine out of daunger wyth theyr Vncle the King of that lande Fabian and dayly did dyuerse of the Brytaynes that knewe themselues to bee in Vortigerne his displeasure sayle ouer vnto them whiche thyng brought Vortigerne into great doubt and feare of his estate It chaunced also the same tyme that there was greate plentye of corne and store of fruite Gildas the lyke whereof had not beene seene in manye yeares before ◅entie of ◅ealth accom◅nied with ◅re of sinnes and therevpon ensued ryote strife lecherie and other vyces right heynous and yet accounted as then for small or rather none offences at all These abuses and great enormities raigned not onely in the temporaltie but also in the spiritualtie and chiefe Rulers of the same so that euerye man turned the poynt of his speare euen as if he had consented of purpose agaynst the true and innocent person The Commons also gaue themselues to voluptuous lust drunkennesse and ydle loytering whereof followed fighting contention enuie and much debate Of this plentie therfore insued great pride and of this abundaunce no lesse hautinesse of minde whereupon followed great wickednesse lacke of good gouernment and sober temperancie and in the necke of these as a iust punishment death and mortalitie so that in some Countreys vneth the quicke suffised to burie the dead To be briefe the Brytaynes were brought into such daunger and miserie that they knewe not what way to take for remedie in such present perill likely to bee ouerrunne and vtterlye vanquyshed of their enimies In the meane tyme Vortigerne not onely troubled with these imminent euilles but fearing also the return of the two brethren Aurelius Ambrose and Vter Pendragon began to consider of the state of things and esteeming it most sure to worke by aduice called togither the Lordes and chiefe men of the Realme to haue theyr counsaile and opinion howe to proceede in such a weightie businesse and so debating the matter with them measured both his own force and also the force of his enimies and according to the condition and state of the tyme diligently considered searched out what remedy was to be had and prouided At length after they had throughly pondered al things the more part of the nobles with the king also were of this minde that there could be no better way deuised than to sende into Germanie for the Saxons to come to theyr ayde The whiche Saxons in that season were highly renowmed for theyr valyauncie in armes and manifolde aduentures heretofore atchieued Gildas VVil. Malm. Beda The Saxons sent for And so forthwith Messengers were dispatched into Germanie the which with money giftes and promises might procure the Saxons to come to the ayde of the Brytaynes agaynst the Scottes and Pictes The Saxons glad of this message as people desirous of entertaynment to serue in warres choosing forth a piked companie of lustie yong mē vnder the leading of two brethren Hengist and Horsus 10000. hath Hector Bo. Gildas Beda mention onely but of .3 ▪ plates or gallies but Hector Bo. hath .30 449 VVil. Malm. got them abourde into certain vessels appoynted for the purpose and so with all speede directed their course towardes great Britain This was in the yeare of our Lorde .449 and in the second yeare of Vortigerns raigne as the most autentike wryters both Brytish and Englishe seeme to gather althoughe the Scottishe wryters and namely Hector Boetius doe varie herein touching the iust accounte of yeares as to the pervsers of the wrytings aswel of the one as the other may appeare But William Harison taketh it to bee in the fourth yeare of his raigne whereto Beda seemeth to agree who noteth it in the same yere that Martianus the Emperour beganne to rule the Empyre which was as appeareth by the consularie table in the Consulshippe of Protogenes and Austerius and thirde yere of Meroueus king of France These Saxons thus arryuing in Brytayne were curteously receyued and heartily welcomed of King Vortigerne who assigned to them places in Kent to in habite and forthwith ledde them agaynst the Scots and Pictes which were entred into Brytaine wasting and destroying the Countrey before them The King hauing got this victorie highlye rewarded the straungers according to their well deseruings as by whose prowes
his innocent death yet his offence was punished wherein hee had surely transgressed the lawes of the Churche For where as one of them whyche slewe him kept a wife whiche he had vnlawfully married and refused to put hir away at the Bishops admonition he was by the Bishop excommunicated and all other of the Christian congregation commaunded to absteyne from hys company This notwithstanding the Kyng being desired of him came to his house to a banquet and in his comming from thence met with the Bishop whome when the King behelde hee waxed afrayde and alight beside his Horse and fell downe at his feete beseeching him of pardon for his offence The Bishop which also was on Horsebacke likewise alight and touching the K. with his rodde which he had in his hande as one something displeased and protesting as in the authoritie of a Bishop spake these words The authoritie of a 〈◊〉 bicause saith he thou wouldest not absteyne from entring the house of that wicked person beeing accursed thou shalte die in the same house and so it came to passe Swidhelme The first Bishop of Mercia The first Bishop in the prouince of Mercia and also of Lindefferne and the middle angles was one Drums who died amongst the middle angles The seconde was Cellach the whyche leauing his Bishoprick returned into Scotland for they were both of the nation of the Scottes The third was an Englishman named Trumhere but instructed and ordeyned of the Scottes He was Abbot of the Monasterie of Ingethlingum beeing builded in that place where King Oswin was slaine as before is mentioned For Q. Eaufled that was his kinswoman gote of hir husband King Oswy a place there for y e foresayd Trumhere to build that Abbey The victorious proceeding of King Oswy King Oswy after he had slayne King Penda he gouerned the people of Mercia and also other of the South prouinces and subdued a great part of y e Pictâ—â—h nation to the English dominioÌ„ About the same time King Oswy gaue vnto Peada the sonne of King Penda bycause he was his kinsman the countrey of the South Mercies conteining .5000 housholdes South Mercia and separated from the North Mercies by the riuer of Trente The countrey of y e Northmercies North Mercia conteyned in those dayes seuen thousand housholders 659 But Peada in the nexte spring was wickedly murthered thâ—…rough treason of his wife as was sayd in y e 〈◊〉 of Easter After that three yeares 〈…〉 Mat. 〈◊〉 next ensuing the death of king Penda the 〈◊〉 of the countrey of Mertia Immiâ—◠〈◊〉 Beda lib. 3. cap. 24. and Eadbert rebelled against King Oswy 〈◊〉 one Wolfhere a yong Gentleman the 〈◊〉 of Peda and brother to Peada whâ—â—â—e they had kept in secrete to be their King and 〈◊〉 the Lieutenants of King Oswy they 〈…〉 their owne confines and libertie withall and so liuing in freedome with their owne naturall K. the foresayd Wolfhere they also continued with glad hartes in seruice of the celestiall Kyng oure God and Sauioure After that Edelhere king of East angles was slayne as before is mentioned his brother Edelwald succeeded 〈◊〉 that kingdome raigning as king thereof by the space of nine yeres Then after Etherwald succeded Aldulfe y e son of â—…dâ—…lhere in gouernement of that kingdome and raigned 〈◊〉 and twentie yeares After Finaâ—… the Bishop of the Northumbâ—…es that held his see at Liâ—…desferne Beda li. 3. cap. 24. Colman ordeined Bishop as â—â—ydan 〈◊〉 before him one Câ—…lman was 〈◊〉 Bishop a â—…cot borne and an earnest 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 vsed amongst theÌ„ of his nation so that where the controuersie beganne to be 〈◊〉 for the holding of the frast of Easter he would by no meanes yeld to them that would haue perswaded him to haue followed y e ryte of y e Romane Church Beda lib. 3. cap. 25. There was a great disputatioÌ„ kept about this matter and other things as shauing or â—â—uing of heares and such like in the monasterie of Whitby at the which K. Oswy hys son Alcfrid were present where Colman for hys part alâ—â—dged the custome of Iohn y e Euangelist of Anatholius and the contrary side brought in profe of their opinio y e custome of Peter Paule At length wheÌ„ Bishop Colman perceyued y t his doctrine was not so much regarded as he thought of reason it ought to haue bene he returned into ScotlaÌ„d with those Controuersie about shauing of crownes which taking part with him refused to obserue the feast of Easter according to the custome of the Churche of Rome nor woulde haue their crownes shauen Cap. 26. about whiche poynte no small reasoning had bin kept This disputation was holden in the yeare of our Lord .664 664 and in the yeare of the raigne of K. Oswy .22 and in the .xxx. yeare after that the Scottishmen began first to beare the office of Bishops within Northumberland which was as Harrison sayth .634 For Aidan gouerned .17 yeares Finan .10 yeres and Colman .3 yeares Tuda ordeyned Bishop After that Colman was returned into his countrey one Tuda that hadde bin brought vp amongst y e Southerne Scottes ordeined Bishop by them succeded in his roomth hauing his crowne shauen obseruing the feast of Easter according to y e custome of the prouince rite of y e Romane Church Cap. 27. An eclipse Punishment of God for yelding to superstition The same yere there chanced a great Eclipse of the sunne The thirde of May about ten of the clocke in the day a great dearth mortalitie ensued both in all the parties of this our Britayne and likewise in Ireland Amongst other the foresand Bishop Tuda dyed was buried in the Abbey of Pegnalech After thys Tuda succeeded in gouernment of the Church of Lindesferne Wilfrid Bishop otherwise called holy ilaÌ„d one Wilfrid which was sent by K. Alcfride into Fraunce to be ordeyned there About the same time Kyng Oswy the father of K. Alcfride moued with the good example of his son sent Ceadda the brother of Ced sometime Bishop of y e East Saxons into Kent to be ordeyned Bishop of Yorke Cap. 28. but at hys comming into Kent he found that Deus dedit the Archbishop of Canterbury was dead and none other as yet ordeyned in his place so that Ceadda repaired into the prouince of the West Saxons where hee was ordeined by Bishop Winy Ceadda ordâ—…ned Archbishop of Yorkâ—… who toke two other Bishops of the Brittish in 〈◊〉 vnto him to be his associates whiche vsed to â—…bseâ—…ne the feast of Easter contrary to the custome of the Romane Church but there was no otherâ—â—â—â—â—e for there was none other Bishop canonically ordeined in y e prouince of the West Saxos in those days thâ—…s Wini only excepted therfore was he constreyned to take such as he might get After y e Ceadda was thus ordeyned hee began forthwith to follow y
yeares This Kenwalk was such a Prince Mat. 〈◊〉 dereg 〈◊〉 as in the beginning he was to be compared with the worst kind of rulers but in the middest and later ende of his raigne hee was to bee compared with y e best His godly zeale borne towards the aduancing of the Christian religion wel appeared in the building of the Church at Winchester where the Bishops Sea of al that prouince was theÌ„ placed His wife Sexburga ruled the Kyngdome of West Saxons after him a woman of stoutues ynough to haue atchieued actes of worthy remeÌ„brance but being preuented by deathe ere she had raigned one whole yeare she could not shewe any full proofe of hir noble courage I remember that Math. West maketh other report hereof declaring that the nobilitie remoued hir from the gouernement But I rather followe William Malmes in this matter TO proccede therefore after y t Sexburga was departed this life or deposed Escuinus if you wil nedes haue it so Escuinus or Elcuinus whose Grandfather called Cuthgislo y e brother of K. Kinigils succeded in gouernmeÌ„t of y e West Saxons VVil. Mal. reigning about y e space of two yeres and after his decesse one Centtuinus or Centwine tooke vppon him the rule and continued therein the space of nine yeares But Bede sayth that these two ruled at one time and deuided the kingdom betwixt them Elcuinus fought against Vulfhere Kyng of Mercia a greate number of men being slayne on both parties Hen. 〈◊〉 though Vulfhere yet had after a manner the vpper hand as some haue written In the same yere that the Sinode was holden at Herford Beda lib. â—… cap. sup 〈◊〉 that is to say in the yeare of our Lord 673. Ecgbert the King of Kent departed this life in Iuly King Locius and lefte the Kingdome to his brother Lothore which held the same eleuen yeares and seuen monethes VVil. Malm. Beda dereg lib. 1. Thunnir A vile maâ—…ther Some haue written that King Egbert by the suggestion of one Thunnir who had the chiefe rule of the kingdome vnder him suffered the sayde Thunnir to put vnto death Ethelbert or Ethelbright whiche were the sonnes of Ermenredus the brother of King Ercombert that was father vnto king Egbert for doubt leâ—…t they being towardly yong Gentlemen myghte in tyme growe so into fauor with the people that it shoulde bee easie for them to depriue both Egbert and his issue of the Kyngdome Also that they were priuily put to death and priuily buried at the firste but the place of their buriall immediately beeyng shewed after a miraculous manner theyr bodyes long after in the dayes of Kyng Egilrede the sonne of Kyng Edgar were taken vp and conueyed vnto Ramsey and there buried And although Egbert being giltie of the death of those his cousins did sore repent him for that he vnderstoode they dyed giltlesse yet hys brother Lothaire was thought to be punished for that offence as after shall be shewed Bishop Winfrid deposed Winfrid Bishop of the Mercies for cause of disobedience in some poynt was depriued by the Archbishop Theodore Sexvulfe ordeyned Bishop of the Mercies and one Sexvulfe that was the buylder and also the Abbot of the Monasterie of Meidhamstede otherwise called Peterborrough was ordeyned and consecrated in his place 675. as Math. West hath Bishop Erkenwalde About the same time Erkenwalde was ordeyned Bishop of the East Saxons and appoynted to hold his See in the Citie of London This Erkenwalde was reputed to bee a man of great holynesse and vertue Before he was made Bishoppe hee buylded two Abbeyes the one of Monkes at Chertsey in Sowtherie where hee himselfe was Abbot and the other of Nunnes at Berking within the prouince of the East Saxons Ethelburga where he placed his sister Ethelburga a woman also highly esteemed for hir deuout kinde of life Iohn Capgraue She was firste brought vp and instructed in the rules of hir profession by one Hildelitha a Nunne of the parties of beyond the Sea whome Erkenwald procured to come ouer for that purpose Waldhere Sebby king of East SaxoÌ„s Beda lib. 4. cap. 61. After Erkenwald one Waldhere was made Bishop of London in whose dayes Sebby king of the East Saxons after hee had raigned thirtie yeares beeing nowe vexed with a greeuous sicknesse professed himselfe a Monke whiche thyng he would haue done long before if his wife hadde not kept him backe Hee died shortly after within the Citie of London and was buried in the Church of Saint Paule King Sighere whyche in the beginning raigned with him VVil. Malâ—… and gouerned a parte of the East Saxons was departed thys life before so that in his latter time the foresayde Sebby had the gouernemente of the whole prouince of the East Saxons and left the same to his sonnes Sighard and Sewfred About the yeare of our Lorde .675 675 Vulfhere King of Mercia departed this life after hee hadde raigned as some haue .19 yeares VV. Mal. But other affirme that â—â— raigned .17 yeares Beda Peada or rather Weada but as other affirme hee raigned but .17 yeares Howbeit they which reckeÌ„ nineteene include the time that passed after the slaughter of Penda wherein Oswy and Peada held the aforesayde Kingdome King Ethelred The Bishoppe of Rochester Putta after that his Church was spoyled and defaced by the enimies wente vnto Sexvulfe the Bishop of Mercia and there obteyning of him a small â—â—re and a portion of ground remayned in that countrey not once labouring to restore his Church of Rochester to the former state but wente aboute in Mercia to teach song instruct suche as would learne musicke wheresoeuer hee was required or could get entertaynement Herevpon the Archbishop Theodore consecrated one William Bishop of Rochester in place of Putta and after when the sayd William constreyned by pouertie left that Church Theodore placed one Gebmound in his steede In the yeare of our Lord .678 in the moneth of August 678 A blasing Starre a blasing Starre appeared with a long bright beame like to a piller It was seene euery morning for the space of three monethes togither The same Ecgfrid king of Northumberland Mat. VVest Beda li. 4. cap. 12. Bishop Wilâ—…rid banished Hlagustald Hexam Eadhidus Lindesferne â—…oly ilande banished Bishop Wilfrid vppon displeasure taken with hym out of his See and then were two Bishops ordeyned in his place to gouerne the Church of the NorthuÌ„bers y e one named Bosa at Yorke the other called Eata at Hagustald or Lindesferne Also one Eadhidus was ordeined about the same time Bishop of Lindsey the which prouince king Egfride hadde of late conquered and taken from Vulfhere the late King of Mercia whome he ouercame in battel and droue him out of that couÌ„trey The said three Bishops were consecrated at Yorke by the Archbishop of Canterbury Theodorus the whiche within three yeares after ordeyned two Bishops more in that prouince of the
Ryuer they spoyled and wasted Kent Southerie Sussex Barksh Hāpshire and as is before sayd a great part of Wilshire 1111 The king and the peeres of the realme not knowing otherwise how to redresse the matter The king sendeth to the Danes Simon Dun. sent Ambassadors vnto the Danes offring them great summes of money to leaue off suche cruell wasting and spoyling of the lande Fabian ex Antonino The Danes exercised passing great crueltie in the winning of that Citie as by sundrie Authors it doth and may appeare The Archbishop Elphegus taken Hen. Hunt They slue of menne women and children aboue the number of .viij. thousand They tooke the Archbishop Elphegus with an other Bishop named Godwyn Also Abbot Lefwyn Alseword the kings Baylif there They spared no degree insomuch that they slue and tooke .900 priestes and other men of religion Antoninus Vincentius And when they had taken their pleasure of the Citie they set it on fire and so returned to their ships VVil L◅mb ex Asserio Meneuensi alijs There be that write that they tithed the people after an inuerted order slaying the whole nines through the whole multitude and reserued the tenth so that of all the Monkes there were but foure saued and of the lay people .4800 whereby it followeth that there dyed .43200 persons and hereof is gathered that the citie of Canterburie the Countrey thereabouts the people whereof belike fled thither for succor was at that time verie well inhabited so as there haue not wanted sayth Master Lambert which affyrme that it had then more people than London it selfe 1112 Hen. Hunt But now to our purpose In the yeare next ensuing vpon the Saterday in Easter weeke after that the Bishop Elphegus had bin kept prisoner with them the space of .vj. or .vij. monethes they cruelly in a rage led him fortb into the fields and dashed out his braynes with stones The Archbishop Alphegus murthered bycause he would not redeeme his libertie with three M. pound which they demaunded to haue bin leuied of his farmers and tenants This cruell murther was cōmitted at Grenewich foure miles distant from London the .xix. of Aprill where he lay a certaine time vnburied Myracles but at length through miracles shewed as they say for myracles are all wrought now by deade men and not by the liuing the Danes permitted that his bodie might be caried to London Elphegus buried in Lōdon there was it buried in the Church of S. Paule where it rested for the space of ten yeares till king Cnute or Knoght had the gouernment of this lande Translated to Canterburie by whose appoyntment it was remoued to Canterburie Turkillus the leader of those Danes by whom the Archbishop Elphegus was thus murthered helde Norffolke and Suffolke vnder his subiection VVil. Mal. Turkillus held Norffolk and Suffolke and so continued in those parties as chief L. and gouernor But the residue of the Danes at length xlviii thousād pound as sayth Simon Du. Mat. VVest compounding with the Englishmen for◅ tribute to be payed to them of .viij. M. pounde spred abrode in the countrey soiourning in cities townes and villages where they mighte finde most conuenient Harbrough Moreouer fortye of their Shippes H. Hunti◅ ▪ or rather as some write .xlv. were retayned to serue the king promising to defende the Realme with condition that the Souldiers and Mariners should haue prouision of meate and drinke with apparell found them at the kings charges As one Authour hath gathered Sweyne king of Denmarke was in England at the concluding of this peace which being cōfirmed with solemne othes and sufficient Hostages he departed into Denmarke Also the same Authour bringeth the generall slaughter of Danes vppon Saint Bry◅es daye Mat. VVest to haue chaunced in the yeare after the conclusion of this agreement that is to witte in the yeare .1012 at what tyme Gunthildis the sister of King Swaine was slaine Gunthildis the sister of K. Swaine murthered with hir husbande and sonne by the commaundement of the false traytour Edrike But bycause all other Authours agree that the same murther of Danes was executed aboute tenne yeares before thys supposed tyme wee haue made rehearsall thereof in that place Howbeeit for the death of Gunthilde it maye bee that shee became Hostage eyther in the yeare .1007 at what tyme King Egelred payed thirtie thousande pounde vnto king Swayne to haue peace as before you haue hearde or else myght shee bee delyuered in hostage in the yeare .1011 when the last agreement was made with the Danes as aboue is mētioned But when or at what time soeuer she became hostage this we finde of hir that she came hither into England with hir husband Palingus VVil. Mal. a mightie Earle and receyued baptisme here Wherevpon she earnestly trauailed in treatie of a peace betwixt hir brother king Egelred whiche being brought to passe chiefely by hir suyte shee was contented to become an Hostage for performaunce thereof as before is recyted And after by the commaundement of Earle Edricke shee was put to death pronouncing that the shedding of hir bloude woulde cause all England one day fore to rue She was a right beautifull Ladie and tooke hir death without all feare not once chaunging countenaunce though she saw hir husbande and hir onely sonne a yong Gentleman of much towardnesse first murthered before hir face Turkillus discloseth the secretes of the Realme to K. Swayne Turkillus in the meane tyme had aduertised king Swayne in what state things stoode here within the Realme howe King Egelred was negligent onely attending to the lustes and pleasures of the fleshe howe the Noble menne were vnfaythfull and the Commons weake and feeble through wante of good and trustye leaders Simon Dun. Some wryte yet that Turkyll as well as other of the Danes whiche remayned here in Englande was in league with King Egelred insomuche that he was wyth him in London to helpe to defend the Citie agaynst Sweyne when hee came to assault it as after shall appeare Whiche if it bee true a doubt may rise whether Sweine receyued any aduertisement from Turkill to moue him the rather to inuade the realme but suche aduertisements might come from him before that he was accorded with Egelred Swaine prepareth an armie to inuade Englande Swayne therefore as a valiaunt Prince desirous both to reuenge his sisters death and win honour prepared an huge armie and a greate number of Shippes with the whiche hee made towardes Englande and firste comming to Sandwiche taryed there a small while He landeth at Sandwich 1013 and taking eftsoones the Sea compassed aboute the coastes of the East Angles and arryuing in the mouth of Humber sayled vp the water and entring into the Ryuer of Trent he landed at Gaynesbourgh Gaynesbourgh purposing to inuade the Northumbers But they as men brought into great feare for that they
filthie lust of the fleshe that hee defiled his owne doughters and for that his wife was aboute to diswade him from such vilanie he slew hyr with his owne handes A prophecie Thus continuing in his wickednesse certain yeares at length the nobles began to conspire against him so that they wold haue deuised mean howe to haue rid him out of the waye if Bishop Colman had not forbidden them that practyse prophesying as it wer by diuine inspiration that Ferquhard sore detesting his owne wicked doings should shortely be punished by the handes of Almightie God according to his deseruings And sure his wordes proued true The king is sicke for within a moneth after as the same Ferquhard followed in chase of a wolfe the beaste beeing enraged by pursuite of the houndes flewe backe vppon the king and snatching at him did wounde byte him righte sore in one of his sides immediately wherevpon whether thorough anguishe of his hurt or by some other occasion he fel into a most filthie disease for a venemous humoure with a soft consuming heate did so eate and waste hys membres and limmes that a lothesome sighte it was to beholde the same for out of his legges feete and priuie partes there issued filthie corruption and matter with so vile a sauour that vnneth myght any creature abide it His belly was swollen as though hee had ben infected with the dropsy therto was it verie hard withal Finally lyce bred so abundantly in his secrete partes that he might in no wise be rid or clensed of them The king being excō◅unicated is released Colman reioycing herat did not only release him of y e sentence of excōmunication pronoūced against him but also willed him to be of good cōfort to put his confidēce in y e mercy of almightie god who was ready to receiue al such sinners as turned vnto him with repentāt harts so that being put in hope by these y e like words of Colman to haue forgiuenesse of his sinnes with bitter teares he besought God to haue mercie vpon him humbly receiuing the sacrament got him into simple clothing of heare sackclothe Then causing himself to be born into y e next fieldes Ferquhard yeldeth vp the ghost he there yelded vp the ghost in y e presente of Colmā who according to the dutie of a good ghostly father was stil about him in exhorting him to cōmit himself wholy to the mercy of God not to doubt but he shoulde be sure to attayne the same Thus Ferquhard ended his life in the .xviij. yeare after he began his reigne ouer the Scottish men 664. and in the yeare of grace .664 There be that wryte how Penda the father also was baptised by this Colman and that the same Colman trauayled through the most parte of all the Englishe prouinces setting foorth the worde of life amōgst the people purchasing him greate fame for his woorthie merites He came to the church of Lyndefern in y e daies of Maldwyn that succeeded the last mencioned Ferquharde Lennox and Argyle are at variaunce Afterwardes there fell no small discorde betwixt them of Lennox Argile for first through brau◅ng amongst the heardes men theyr masters made a fray whereof rose suche deadly enimitie betwixt the parties by reason that the inhabitantes of the Westerne Isles ayded them of Argyle The westerne Isles take parte with Argyle Galoway with Lennox and the people of Galoway the other of Lennox that if the king had not come into those parties to apease the businesse and to haue punished the offendors there had ensued muche manslaughter to the greate daunger of the vtter ruyne of those countreys The king at his arriuall amongst them Maldwyne wēt about for to punishe the author of this commotion minded not to pursue the people that followed theyr Captaines but rather the Captaines and Authours of this tumulte themselues Whereof they hauing knowledge made an attonement togither being enforced thereto of necessitie The Captaines became frends togither and fled into the Isles so to auoyde the prepared punishment deuised by the king against them And foorthwith they fled ouer into the Isles but the inhabitants doubting the kings displeasure would not consent to succour them The Ilandmen apprehend the Captaines of the rebelles but contrary wise tooke them and deliuered them to the kings officers wherevpon they were safely conueyed to the places where they were borne and there suffered their deserued execution Thus that commotion vnaduisedly begonne was speedily appeased and the name of Maldwyn by reason hereof so feared amongst his subiectes that during his reigne no suche trouble chaunced in any parte of all his dominions After this he went ouer into Iona or Colmekill He buyldeth the churche of the abbay of Colmekill where perceyuing the Abbey Church wherin his auncestors had theyr sepultures to be in decay he caused it to be pulled quite downe and workemen foorth with set in hande to duylde it vp agayne at his owne proper costes and charges Suche speede also was vsed aboute this worke that before he departed out of this life the same was finished and dedicated vnto our Sauiour Christ and Saint Colme Aboute the same time there reigned through out the most part of the world a sore grieuous pestilence consuming a greater number of men A great pestilence death vpon earth before it ceassed then were left aliue for it continued the whole space of three yeares togither At length through cōmon prayer fastings giuing of almes and other vertuous workes the wrath of almightie God was pacified so that suche great mortalitie by his mercyfull appointment did stay and giue ouer The Scottish men were free from that infection aswel at that time Scotland was free of the pestilence and plague as also for many yeares after Neither were they in maner troubled with any sharpe feuers or agues till time that omitting the auncient and wholesome sparenesse of diet which theyr fathers in times past had vsed Riotousnesse the mother of sicknesses they fell vnto riotous banquetting and excessiue feeding whereby they became subiect vnto all kindes of diseases through malicious humors growing therevpon Colman bishop of Lyndefer seing wonderfull numbers of Englishmen perish dayly of that contagious sicknesse by licence of the king to auoyde the present daunger of death which by tarying there he saw no meanes how to escape he returned into Scotland with his disciples and after getting him ouer into one of the Westerne Isles Colman erected a monasterie he erected a monasterie there wherin he remayned during the residue of his life After the departure of Colman forth of Northumberland the people of that coūtrey ioyning with the Pictes made sundry roades into the Scottish bordures whiche iniurie when Maldwyne reuenged with more displeasure done to them of Northumberland than the Scottishmē had receiued it caused the Picts Northumbers to prepare
was slain by chaunce through glauncing of an arrow shot at a Deare in y e new Forest then hoping to succeed him in the kingdome of England he preferred that honor to the other wherein he sawe to be more trauaile than gaine Henrie Beauclerke king of Englande But at his comming home he found that his yongst brother Henrie surnamed Beauclerke was placed in the kingdome of England and so was Duke Robert his hope frustrate of both the kingdomes and that worthily as moste men thought for that he refused so necessarie a dignitie wherein he might haue serued the common cause of the christian common wealth Maude king Edgars sister Vnto Henry Beauclerke in the seconde yeare of his raigne king Edgar maried the one of hys sisters called Maulde The other named Marie hee coupled wyth Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Of the whiche mariage was borne a daughter that was the only heyre of the same Eustace in the Countie of Bulloigne the which when she came to womans state was maried vnto Stephen Earle of March in England of Mortaigne in France Nephew to Henrie Beauclerke by his sister The king of Englande Henrie had issue by Queen Mauld two sonnes and two daughters William and Richard Eufamie and Maulde But now to returne to king Edgar to shew some token of thanks towards saint Cutbert for his ayd shewed as was thought in the battaile agaynst his vncle Donalde The landes of Coldingham Canulph Bishop of Durham he gaue vnto the Monkes of Durham the lands of Coldingham and to the Bishop of Durham called Canulph he gaue the towne of Berwike but for that the same Bishop wrought afterwardes treason agaynst him he lost that gyft and the king resumed that towne into his handes againe I do not finde that Edgar had any warres any way forth during all the time of his raigne Edgar rather reuerenced than dred a prince rather reuerenced than dred amongst hys subiects for his singular equitie vpright dealing He departed out of this life at Dundee in the ix yeare of his raigne 1107. Io. Ma. 1109. H. B and after the byrth of our Sauiour 1107. AFter the decease of this Edgar succreded his brother Alexander the fierce so called for his rigorous valiancie in pursuing of theeues and robbers Alexander In the beginning of his raigne the inhabitants of Murrey lande and Rosse beholding him to bee moste an ende in the Church at his prayers and diuine seruice after the maner of his parents supposed he would proue no great quick iusticier in punishing offenders therupon most presumptuously they began to rob and reaue on eche side Theues of Murrey land and Rosse not sparing to kill and slea all suche as came in their handes without respect to age or sexe in somuche that the yong infants smyling vpon the murtherers beeing aboute to execute their detestable crueltie The crueltie of theeues passed by the Sworde as well as the resysters suche rooted malice remayned in theyr beastly heartes which vpon renuing theyr olde grudges they now accordingly shewed King Alexander therefore aduertised hereof came into those parties with a competent armie Execution and apprehending the chiefe authours and captaynes stroke of their heades As he returned backe through the Mernes there came a woman vnto him weeping in lamentable sorte who fell vppon hir knees at his feete beseeching him to pitie hir case hauing lost both hir husbande and sonne The Earle of Mernes sonne by the tyrannous crueltie of the maister of Mernes who for that they had called him afore a iudge in an action of debt had slaine and murthered as well the one as the other The king moued with this detestable kinde of iniurie lyght beside his Horse and woulde not alight vp againe A righteous Iusticier till hee had seene the Authour of that heynous trespasse hanged vppon a Gybet After this comming into Gourie The Castell of Baledgar hee tooke in hande to finishe and make vp the Castell of Baledgar the foundation whereof his brother Edgar had begun that it might be an ayde to chastice a sort of theeues robbers which haunted the Wooddes thereaboutes to the great disquiet of all the Countrey He gaue also to the maintenance of that house certain landes which the Earle of Gowrie had giuen him at the Fout stone when he became his godfather Whilest he was thus busie about the furtherance of that worke diuerse of those theeues that were acustomed to liue by robberies in those parts perceiuing that this castell which the king was about to build shoulde turne vnto their destruction Treason of conspirators to haue slaine the king they conspired his death winning by rewards promises the help of the kings chamberlain to the accōplishing of their traiterous and most diuelishe practises they entered one night through a priuie into his lodging in purpose to haue slaine him as he had slept in his bed chāber but he by Gods prouidence hauing knowledge of their cōming started out of his bed caught a sword which hung neare at hand wherewith he slue first his chamberlain that had brought them in The kings manhood and then dispatched a six of the other traitors which were alreadie entred his chamber with singular force manhood the other fearing least with the noyse his seruants that lodged within the house should haue bin raised so haue hasted to assaile thē on the backs fled in all hast possible Neuerthelesse suche pursute was made after them that many of them were apprehended and vpon their examination beeing brought before the king they declared plainly howe they were encouraged to worke that treason whiche they had gone aboute by sundrie great Barons and gentlemen of the countrey Finally the matter was so handled with them that they disclosed the names of those that had thus procured them to the treason Wherevpon the king gathering an army The water of Spay he marched forth to pursue them but before he came vnto the water of Spay the conspirators had gotten togither their power were lodged on the further side of the same water to stop him from passing ouer Sir Alexander Carron The king seeing them thus assembled to impeach his passage sent his Banner man sir Alexander Carron with a chosen part of his army to passe the water The Rebels are vāquished and to fight with his enimies where by the hardie onset of the sayde sir Alexander they were quickly put to flight many of them that were taken in the chase suffered death according as they had well deserued The realme after this execution done of these offenders continued many yeares after in good tranquilitie This Alexander Carron also for that he was seene in the kings sight that day to fight moste manfully in sleaing diuers of the rebelles with a crooked sworde whiche he had in his hande of whiche sort many
easie composition of money which she payed for hir mariage restored vnto hir againe all hir landes liuings suffring hir to enioy hir husbande without any more trouble or vexation Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland is borne In the thirde yeare after the sayd Ladie was deliuered of the afore remembred Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland And the same yeare which was the yeare after the byrth of our Sauiour 1274 1274. Dauid the seconde sonne of king Alexander deceassed and the thirde yeare after the brethren of Edward king of England came into Scotland to visite the Queene their sister and their brother in lawe the King K. Alexander with his wife the Queene came to London and after did attend them both in theyr iourney to London whither they went to be present at the coronation of the foresayde Edwarde as then returned forth of Affrike after the deceasse of his father King Henrie to take vpon him the gouernment of the Kingdome descended vnto him by right of inheritance He was crowned the same yeare on the day of the assumption of our Ladie in August wyth great solemnitie and tryumph The same time there was a Norman in king Edwardes Court A Norman of passing streÌ„gth of suche passing strength of bodye that he ouerthrewe all men with whome hee wrastled Ferquhard a Scottish man ouerthrew the sayd Norman tyll at length was Ferquhard a Scottish man borne of the Countrey of 〈◊〉 descended of noble 〈…〉 his great prayse and gouernment 〈…〉 King Alexander in guerdâ—…n of so 〈…〉 there done in the presence of so 〈…〉 â—…imble gaue vnto him the Earledome of â—…osse foreuermore 〈…〉 Ferquhard succeeded 〈◊〉 Earles 〈◊〉 of his surname The Earldom of Rosse giue William Rosse alias Leslie but the sixt Earle was named William Rosse otherwise Lesly in whose sonne the seuenth Earle fayled the dignitie of that house for fault of succession At the sometime prince Alexander king Alexanders sonne did homage vnto king Edward for the Earledome of Huntington as the Scottish writers do testifie Shortly after that king Alexander was returned forth of Englande at that time into Scotlande The death of Queene Margaret his wife Queene Margaret deceassed and was buried in Dunfermling She bare by him two sonnes Alexander and Dauid and one daughter named Margaret the which according to the assurance before made was maried about three yeares after hir mothers deceasse vnto Hanigo The mariage of Margaret K. Alexanders daughter or rather Aquine king of Norway and deceassed in the seconde yeare after the solemnization of the maryage leauing behinde hir a daughter named also Margaret But before this happe fell so oute euen immediately after the death of Queene Margaret the mother hir yonger sonne Dauid deceassed The death of Dauid sonne to king Alexander By reason whereof King Alexander being carefull for his succession procured a maryage for his elder sonne Prince Alexander The mariage of Alexander prince of Scotlande wyth the Earle of Flaunders his daughter the whiche beeing brought into Scotlande was maryed vnto the sayd Prince at Iedworth on the Sunday after the feast of Saint Martyn in Winter in the yeare 1279. 1279. The feast of this maryage was holden with great tryumph and solemnitie continually the space of .xv. dayes togither This yeare a number of the Scottish nobilitie which had attended the Ladie Margaret into Norway were lost by shipwracke as they would haue returned back againe into Scotland after the consummation of hir maryage there with king Hanigo or Aquine Shortly after by force of deathes dreadfull dint two grieuous losses chaunced vnto King AlexaÌ„der the one following in y e neck of another The death of Alexander prince of Scotlande For first his eldest sonne Prince Alexander being not past .xx. yeres of age departed out of this worlde without leauing any issue behinde him and not long after his daughter Margaret Queene of Norway deceassed also The death of Margaret Queene of Norway leauing behinde hir one onely daughter as before is mentioned being as yet but an infant A Councell at Lions In the same yeare was a generall counsell holden at Lions the Pope and a great multitude of the Prelates of Christendome being there assembled To this counsell were summoned to appeare all the Prouincials Wardens and ministers of the begging Friers And for y e there were so many sundry orders of theÌ„ ech man deuising of hys owne brayne some newe alteration all those orders were reduced into the foure orders which after by the church of Rome were approued and alowed The foure orders of Friers A general coÌ„mandement was also giuen A commaundement giuen against deuising new orders of Friers that no man should go about to begin any newe forme of such vaine superstitious orders whiche appoynt themselues to eschue labour to the ende they may liue in pleasure lust and ydlenesse vpoÌ„ the trauaile of other mens browes In this meane time after that the Christian army was retained home out of 〈◊〉 by reason of a truce contended with the Soldane The Soldane contrary to the truce inuadeth the Christians the same Soldan that truce notwithstanding ceassed not to make great slaughters and 〈◊〉 vpon those christen men that remayned behinde The christian Princes sore moued herewith made their apprests for a new expedition into the holy land The Scottes contribution for a iourney into the holy lande The Scots gaue the tenth priuie of all their landes or rather as some bookes haue the tenth part of all tythes belonging to churches to the furtherance of this iourney notwithstanding through such enuie and contentions as rose amongest the sayde Princes that iourney brake to the great domage and preiudice of the Christian fayth King Alexander hauing lost his wife and children in maner as is before expressed not only he himself but also all Scotland was in great pensiuenesse and sorrow eche man by a certaine soreiudgement and misgiuing in minde doubting the mishap that might therof ensue K. Alexander maryed the daughter of the Earle not of Champaign but of Dreux sayth Southw But yet did king Alexander by aduice of his Nobles in hope of new issue marrie the daughter of the Erle of Champainge in Fraunce named Iolant The mariage was celebrate at Iedburgh with greate feasting and triumph but that ioye and gladsome blythnesse endured not long after Ri. Southwel varieth somewhat from the Scottish writers in report of K. Alexanders death See in Englande For the same yeare on the .xviij. day of Aprill as he was galloping vpon a fierce horse at Kingorn forcing him in his race somwhat rashly he was throwne ouer the west clife towards the Sea by a wonderfull misfortune so rudely that hee brake his necke and so therewyth immediately dyed in the .xlij. 35. H.B. yeare of hys raigne He was buryed at Dunfermling in the yeare after the Incarnation
reyse his siege the towne should be delyuered into hys handes at the ende of that terme and for the assurance thereof he was contented that his eldest sonne and heire Thomas Seiton should remain with the faytâ—… king in hostage Archembalde Douglas chosen gouernour in place of Androw Murray Whylest things passed thus at Barwyke the nobles of Scotland by common consente chose Archembald Douglas to be gouernour in place of Androw Murray This Archembald Douglas reysing a mighttie armie of Scottishmen entred with the same into the bordures of Englande so to withdrawe king Edward from the siege of Barwike to defende hys owne landes from brennyng and spoiling But king Edwarde aduertised hereof deuised an other shift for immediatly sending a messenger vnto sir Alexander Seiton captain of the towne he certified him playnly that onlesse hee rendred the town forthwith into his hands both his sonnes whiche hee had with him the one as hostage and the other as prysoner shoulde bee without further delay hanged vpoÌ„ a gybet there in sight afore his owne face Sir Alexander Seiton herevnto aunswered that as yet the terme of the truce was not expired and therfore desyred the King eyther to obserue the couenauntes or else to deliuer the pledges that he mighte be at his aduauntage But King Edward as saith the Scottish chronicle immediately caused a payre of gallows to bee reysed afore the towne and bothe the sonnes of the sayde syr Alexander to be led thyther to suffer on the same without further respite Sir Alexander Seiton beholdyng that pityfull sighte and weying with himselfe that hee myght saue the lyues of those innocent creatures if he woulde was broughte into great perplexitie of mynde the naturall affection compassion which he bare towardes his sonnes mouing him to haue rendred the towne on the one side Sir Alexander Seiton in dout that to do and the duetie with faithe promysed to his king and countrey restrayning him from all suche resolution on the other but in the end the tender regard he had to saue the lyues of his sonnes had ouercome him and caused him to haue rendred the town into his enimies hand The manlye â—…acke of Alexander Seiton wife had not his wyfe and mother to his sayd sonnes exhorted him most earnestly to the contrary alledging that suche reproch and dishonour shuld redounde vnto them and their posteritie if through their fault the towne were trayterously deliuered into the enimies hande that from thenceforth they shoulde be infamed for euer and as for the death of their sonnes it was not to bee accompted a losse for by this kynde of death they shuld win immortall name and leaue to their parentes the high honoure and renoume of faythfull and loyall subiectes Agayne they were yong ynough to begette and bryng 〈◊〉 the newe chyldren where they should be neuer able to recouer honour once lost if by deliuering the towne into the enimies handes they shoulde seeme to betray their countrey and false their faithe to their naturall prince and soueraigne With suche and many other â—…he lyke worâ—â— thys noble and woorthie Ladye perswaded hir husbande to refrayne his inwarde griefe and broughte hym with ryghte sorowfull and heauie cheere vnto hir chamber that through commiseration hadde of his sonnes he should commit nothyng eyther agaynst his honor or â—â—ale of the towne In the meane tyme Sir Alexander Seitons sonnes executed his two sonnes were put to death endyng their lyues sayeth Hector Boetius with moste honour for the righteous quarrell of their countrey Archembalde Douglas the gouernour beâ—…ng at that presente entred into Northumberlande with his armye hearing that king Edward had thus cruelly put to death those two yong Gentlemen came the thirde daye after wyth all his power Archembald Douglas purposeth to giue battaile and pitched downe his tentes not farre from King Edwardes armye fully resolued to giue him battaile as well to reuenge the displesure for the death of the said gentlemeÌ„ as to deliuer the towne of Barwike from further danger of the enimies force Yet were there sundrie prudent counsellors in the Scottishe armie that for diuers respectes aduised him in no wise to fight with the enemies at that present considering the huge number of practised souldiours whiche they had amongest them and the wante of skilfull warrioures on his syde hauing fewe wyth hym saue young menne and suche as lacked experience in the warres for that they hadde bin but little trayned therein Notwithstanding he hymself was of a contrary opinion iudging that the good willes and desyre whyche his people hadde to fighte wyth the Englishmenne shoulde supplye their lacke of skill and therevppon determyning to â—…ye the chaunce of battayle wyth them commaunded his armye to refreshe themselues with meat drinke and sleepe for that nyght and to prouide them selues readye for battayle on the nexte mornyng In the breake of the daye he arayed his people in order of battayle The apointing of the Scottish battails The bauntgarde was giuen to Hugh lorde Rosse hauing with him Kenneth Earle of Southerlande Symon and Iohn Fraseyr and Iohn Murraye Lieutenaunt to the Earle of Murray who as theâ—… was sore tormented with a grieuous maladie or sycknesse The seconde battayle was commyttted to the gouernaunce of Alexander Lyndsey with whome were ioyned Alexander Gordon Reynolde Grahame and Robert Kenneth In the thyrde battayle was the gouernoure hymselfe accompanyed with Iames Iohn and Alane Stewardes the sonnes of Walter great Stewarde of Scotlande That this number and therewith many mo doe abounde by one yeare William Haryson dothe gather by the feries bicause Adam Meremouth sayeth that Magdalene day fell on the Monday this yeare and that the morrowe after being Tuisday Barwike was surrendred But for so much as the same Meremouth may be perhappes deceyued or mistaken heerein I haue here thought good as in other places to noâ—…e in the margent the yeere according to the accoÌ„pt of Hector Boetius specially in this place the rather bicause he agreeth with Richard Southwel Robert Auesburie and other of our English writers concerning this yeere in whiche this battell was fought but where the same Boetius sayth that it was fought on Magdalen day Richarde Southwell Robert Auesburie Thomas Wall â–ª and diuers other affirme that it was foughte the xix of Iuly being Saint Margarets turn But now to proceede The place where this battell was striken called Halidown hill Immediately vppon this ouerthrowe of the Scottish power Alexander Seyton and Patrick Dunbar captaynes of Barwicke The towne of Barwike yeelded to King Edward on S. Margarets day as R. Southwell hath despayring of all support yeelded the towne to King Edward with condition to haue their liues and goodes saued and to become subiects vnto King Edward Herevpon when they had receyued their othes Patricke Dunbar was commaunded by K. Edward to builde vp agayne the Castel of Dunbar vppon his owne costes and charges for that hee had throwne it
as fell not for the estate of a man of any estimation or honestie to the ende it shoulde not be knowne what he was Two kings prisoners in England at one time Thus the King of Englande at one tyme hauing two Kings vnder his captiuitie satte crowned betwixt them at meate in the feast of Christmasse making as the vse is amongest the Englishe menne in that season a greate banket And this hee did as is reported to the intent that the maner thereof might be bruted abrode to his high prayse and glorious fame King Dauid within certaine yeares after was conueyed by the Earle of Northamton vnto Barwike where the most part of all the Nobles of Scotlande assembâ—…ed togyther to consult with him touching some agreement to bee had for hys raunsome but bycause they coulde growe to no certayne poynte therein hee was brought backe agayne to London and there remayned in prison as before Roger Kyrkpatrike slaine In the meane time Roger Kirkpatrike was slaine by Iames Lyndsey in a Castell where the sayde Iames dwelled and receyued the said Roger as his guest This Lyndsey fledde vpon the acte committed but yâ—…t beeing apprehended and brought to the gouernour Robert Stewarde he suffred death for that offence Shortly after that is to witte at Michaelmasse nexte ensuyng after King Dauid hadde beene at Barwike there was an agreemente made for his raunsome wherevppon beeing delyuered King Dauid is deliuered hee returned into Scotlande in the eleuenth yeare after hys takyng at Durham fielde It was agreed that there shoulde be payde for his raunsom one hundred thousand Markes sterling at sundrie dayes of payment as was accorded betwixt them Truce for .14 yeares Truce also was taken for the space of .xiiij. yeares betwixt both Realmes and dyuerse Nobles of Scotlande were appoynted to lye as Hostages in Englande tyll the money were payde as is before mentioned King Dauid was also bounde by couenaunt of agreement to raze certayne Castelles within Scotlande Castelsmed whiche seemed moste noysome to the Englishe Borders whiche couenaunt hee perfourmed for vpon hys returne into Scotlande hee cast downe the Castelles of Dalswynton Dunfreys Mortowne and Durysdere He also called a Parliament wherin he enacted sundrie things for the punishment of them that fled from him at Durham field A Parliament and first for that hys cousin Robert Stiwarde was one of them beeing through meanes thereof a greate cause of the ouerthrowe he procured that the act by whiche the crowne was appoynted for want of issue of his bodie lawfully begotten Robert Stewarde disinherited of the crowne Iohn Sutherlande made heyre apparant to defende vnto the sayde Robert Steward was vtterly reuoked and disanulled and Iohn Sutherlande the sonne of Iane his yongest sister appoynted heire apparant in place of the sayde Robert And all the Lordes of Scotlande were sworne to obserue and keepe this ordinance The Earle of Sutherlande father to the sayde Iohn in hope that his sonne shoulde enioy the Crowne gaue away the most part of his landes deuiding the same amongest his friendes as to the Hayes the Sinclares the Ogylbies and Gordones But hee was neuerthelesse deceyued of his hope for shortly after his sonne beeing one of them that was giuen in pledge to remaine in England The death of Iohn Sutherlande till the money for the kings raunsome was payde dyed there of the Pestilence in suche sorte as the moste part of the other pledges likewise did And shortlye after his deceasse Robert Stewarde againe ordeined heire apparant Robert Stewarde was reconciled to the Kings fauour and ordeyned heyre apparaunt to the crowne in semblable maner as he was before The Cleargie of Scotlande condiscended to giue the tenth pennie of all theyr fruites and reuenues towardes the payment of the Kinges raunsome The contribution of the Cleargie Not long after King Dauid called an other Councell wherein according to hys promyse made to the King of Englande before hys delyueraunce A demaunde proponed to the Lordes of Scotland he moued the Lordes and Barons of Scotlande in a matter whereof hee wyshed not to haue of them anye towardlye aunswere and that was thys Whether they coulde bee contented that after his deceasse the crowne of Scotlande shoulde bee transferred vnto the King of Englandes sonne and to hys lawfull heyres The Lordes hearing what was proponed vnto them Theyr answere aunswered wythoute anye long studie that so long as anye of them were able to beare armour or weapon they would neuer consent thereto King Dauid right ioyfull to heare them at this poynt thought himselfe discharged for that he was not bounde to labour further in this suite bycause his promise made to the King of England touching this poynt onely was that if the Scottish Lordes would agree then he should â—…ntaile the crowne to his sonne In the yeare next following which was from the Incarnation 1357. 1357 Queene Iane the wife of king Dauid went into Englande to see hir brother king Edwarde Queene Ianes death and died there before she returned leauing no issue behinde hir King Dauid maryeth Margaret Logy King Dauid after hir deceasse marked a yong lustie Gentlewoman named Margaret Logy daughter to sir Iohn Logy Knight but wythin three Monethes after hee repented him for that hee had matched himselfe wyth one of so meane Parentage He repenteth hâ—…s mariage to the dispamgoment of his bloud He banisheth 〈◊〉 And herevpon he banished both hir and all other that had counselled him to mary hir confining them for euer out of all the parties of his dominions 〈◊〉 complayed to the Pope Shee hirselfe went vnto Anignon where as then the Pope with his consistorie remained and entring hir plaint there in the Court followed the same with such diligence that in the ende sentence was giuen on hir syde that is so witte that King Dauid shoulde receyue hir againe into his companie Sentence giueÌ„ on our part and to accept and vse hir as his iust and lawfull wyfe Thus shoulde the Realme of Scotlande haue runne in trouble and daunger of interdiction had she not departed out of this life by the way in returning homewardes She departeth the worlde King Dauid in the meane time repayred sundrie places and strengthes of his realme and buylt a tower in Edenbourgh Castell Dauids tower buylt bearing the name after hym vnto thys day called Dauids Tower After this appeasing certaine Rebelles that sought to trouble the quiet state of the Realme he purposed to haue gone to Ierusalem but hauing prouided all things necessarie for suche a iourney he fell sicke of a burning feuer The death of king Dauid and died wythin the Castell of Edenbourgh in the xxxix yeare of hys raigne and .xlvij. of hys age Which was from the incarnation 1370. 1370 His bodie lyeth in holy Roode house where it was buryed in the yeare aforesayde Sundrie marueylous things were seene in the
agreement and free consent Moreouer immediately after the Kynges death bycause he deceassed without making any will or taking any direction for the gouernemente eyther of the Realme or custody of the yong Queene hys daughter Dauid Beaton Dauid Beaton Cardinall Cardinall and Archbyshop of S. Androwes the speciall minister and factor of the Frenche causes to the aduancement and continuaunce thereof â—…forging of â—…ll inuented and forged a will and Testament of the late King now departed in whiche among other things hee established hymselfe chiefâ—… regent adioyning with him the Garles of Murreyâ—… baâ—…e brother to the Kyng deceassed Huntley and Argile not once mentioning the Garle of Lennox then absent in Fraunce nor yet Iames Earle of Arraine his Cousin The Protestants espyed the Cardinals craftie iugling beeing there present in Scotland Those that professed the reformed Religion being then called Protestantes to whome the sayde Cardinall was â—…uerâ—… cruell enimie and sharp scourge espyed forth his vniust dealing in this behalfe and trusting by the gentle nature and good inclination of the sayd Earle of Arraine to haue some libertie to imbrace the Gospell set him againste the Cardinall so that by the helpe of his owne and their friendes he remoued the Cardinal and his adherents from the vsurped roomth and authoritie and therewith was the sayde Earle of Arraine proclaymed gouernour and protector of the Realme This Earle of Arrane made a title to haue and enioy that office and roomth as nexte in bloudâ—… yong Queene as discended from a sister of King Iames the third married to his Grandfather Lord Hamilton in the yere .1475 by reason of whiche marriage hee was created Earle of Arrane as by acte of Parliament holden the same yeare at EdeÌ„burgh it was agreed and ordeyned The King of Englande that noble Prince Henrye the eyght aduertised of the death of the King of Scottes considered with good aduise that now there was offered a most ready meane and iust occasion whereby the two Realmes of Englande and Scotland might be broughte into one â—…tier Monarchie without warre or bloudshed by the marriage of his sonne Prince Edwarde beeyng then little past sixe yeares of age with the yong Queene of Scotlande The King of England talketh with the Lords of ScotlaÌ„d prisoners for a marriage betwixt his sonne and their Queene Hee therefore being resolued fully to bring the same to passe eyther by quiet meanes or by force and sending for the Erles of Cassill and Glencarne the Lordes Maxwell and Fleming and other Prisoners y t had bin taken at Soloway Muffe caused them to bee conueyd vnto Hampton Court where the seauen and twentith of December they being right curteously enterteined hee made vnto them an ouerture of his purpose and whole intent proponing the whole matter vnto them requesting them for their partes to help with their consents that a contract of marriage mighte bee made betweene his sonne the Prince and their yong Queene promising to them libertie without raunsome besydes other pleasures and benefytes if they would doe theyr indeuour to perswade the Gouernoure and other of the nobilitie of Scotland to be agreeable heerevnto The Scottishe Earles and Lords accepted the Kings offer and withall promised to doe their diligence to perswade the rest of the nobilitie in Scotland at their coÌ„ming home wherevpon they were licenced to depart and so comming to Newcastell remayned there with the Duke of Suffolke then the Kings Lieutenant of the North partes till he had receyued forthe of Scotlande certayne pledges of the chiefest of these Lordes for performance of their promises The Earle of Angus sente home into Scotlande Likewise the King of England sent wyth them the Earle of Angus and his brother Sir George Dowglas with his letters to the Gouernoure requesting effectuously y t they mighte be restored to their roomthes lands and possessions in that Realme 1542 These Lords arriuing at Edenburgh aboute the middes of Ianuary declared to the Gouernoure their message and proposition made by the King of Englande with such efficacie that the Gouernour beeyng perswaded thereto by their wordes sente for the Lords and nobilitie of the Realme to come vnto Edenburgh to a conuention A conuention of the Scottish nobilitie there to be holden the seauen and twentith of that present moneth where they concluded that a Parliamente shoulde bee kepte in Marche next ensuing and doubting least the Cardinall beeing there present should goe about to perswade the nobilitie not to consent to their desires they caused hym to be put in warde within the Castell of Dalketh The Cardinall committed to warde the Lord Seton being appoynted to haue the custody of him Also hee commaunded not onely the Cardinall as before ye haue heard but also ordeyned that the Queene mother should remayne in Lithgow with the yong Queene hir daughter vnder some manner of safe custody and the Cardinall to be remoued vnto his owne Castell of Saint Androwes with warders about hym to see him safely kept Theâ—… Realme beeing thus brought in quiet and vnder good gouernement The French King misliketh of the match with Englande the French King sore misliking this new coniunction of y e Scots with England and doubting least the olde former bond of aliance betwixt France and Scotland might therby be vtterly dissolued and shaken off he sent for Mathew Earle of Leuenox Mathew Earle of Lennox then abrode in his seruice in the warres of Italy and vppon his comming backe from thence to the Court hee declared to him the deceasse of the late King of Scottes the intrusion of Arrane and the attemptes in that Realme begun with all the circumstances from poynt to point as he knewe and further discoursed with hym what wrong hee had to be sette aside and displaced from hys ryghte of gouernemente and therefore exhorted hym to repayre home to recouer the same offering not only to assist him with men money and munition but also to ioyne hys friendes in Scotlande with hym in ayde to attayne the place of regimente and to remoue Arrane and others from it The Earle of Leuenox heerevpon with commission and instructions deliuered to him by the French King had also letters from him directed to the Lordes that were of the French faction wherein the sayde Kyng requested them to remaine and continue in their former good meanings towards him and to assist the Erle of Leuenox in all things as should be thought expedient â—…e Earle of 〈◊〉 pasâ—… into â—…d The Earle therefore fully instructed by the Frenche Kyng howe to deale and proceede tooke his leaue and with all speede taking the Sea directed hys course into Scotlande where after his arriual he came to Edenburgh in which towne all the Lords being assembled togither with the Gouernoure hee declared to them the effect of hys commission from the French Kyng his request to them and good affection to maynteyne them against England if in case they woulde continue the
The names of the chiefe townes in Connaght Aloane Galuoy Anry Louaghryagh Clare Toame Sligagh Rossecomman Arctlowne The names of the chiefe townes in Meeth Trymme Doonshaghlenne Rathlouth Nauanne Abooy Scryne Taraugh Kemles Doonboyne Greenock Duleeke The names of the townes in Westmeeth Molingare Fowre Loughfeude Kylkenywest Moylagagh Deluynne In the xxxiiij 1542. yeare of the reigne of King Henry the eight it was enacted in a parliament holden at Desâ—…yeâ—…re before Syr â—…thouâ—…e Setitleger knight Lorde deputie of Irelande that Méeth shoulde be deuided and made two shyres one of them to bée called the countie of Méeth the other to be called the county of West méeth and that there shoulde be two shayeles and offycers conuenyent within the same shyres as is moâ—… exprest in the acte The names of the chiefe hauen townes in Irelande Loughfoyle The Banne Wolderfrith Craregfergus Strangforde Ardglas Lougheuen Carlingforde Kylkeale Dundalk Kylclogher Dunnany Drogheda Houlepatrick Nany Baltray Brymore Balbriggen Roggers towne Skerrish Rushe Malahyde Banledooyle Houth Dublynne Dalkee Wickincloa Arckloa Weisford Bagganbun The Passage Waterforde Dungaruan Rosse noua Youghylle Corck mabegge Corck Kynsale Kyerye Rosse Ilbere Dorrye Baltynymore Downenere Downesheade Downelounge Attannanne Craghanne Downenâ—…bwyne Balyneskilyliodge Daugyne â—…house Traly Senynne Cassanne Kylnewyne Lymmetick Innyskartee Belalenne Arynenewyne Glanemaughe Ballyweyham Bynwarre Dowrys Woran Roskam Galway Kyllynylly Innesbosynne Owran Moare Kylcolken Burske Belleclare Rathesilbene Byerweisowre Buraueis hare Ardne makow Rosbare Kilgolynne Wallalele Rabranne Strone Burweis now Zaltra Kalbalye Ardnock Adrowse Sligaghe Innes Bowsenne Camb. lib. 1. Top. dist 2. rub 3. 4. Cambriense obserued in his time that when the sea doth ebbe at Dublyue it ebbeth also at Bristow and floweth at Mylford Weisford At Wyckloâ—… the son â—…bbeth wheâ—… in all other partes â—…f commonly floweth Furthermore thâ—… he 〈◊〉 that the ryuer which â—…uÌ„â—…eth by Wâ—…ycklâ—… vpoâ—… 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 〈…〉 the next hauâ—… towne the ryuer 〈…〉 when the 〈…〉 wryteth 〈…〉 Archâ—…â—…â—…ethâ—… rocke and whâ—… the sea â—…eth inâ—… side therof it 〈…〉 the other 〈◊〉 â—…st Cambrienâ—…e â—…er with dyuers Philosophicall â—…lons 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 by obseruing the 〈…〉 is the empresse of â—…yâ—…ure But the 〈…〉 leaue for the schoole streetes Of the estâ—… gâ—…nd wonderfull places in Irelande Cap. 4. I Thinke it good to begâ—…ne with S. Patrike his Purgatorie S. Patrike his Purgatorie partly bycause it is most notoriously knowen partly the more that some wryters as the auctor of Polichroâ—…icon and others that were miscaryed by 〈◊〉 séeme to make great doubt where they néede not For they ascribe the finding out of the place not to Patrike that couerted the countrey but to another Patricke aâ—… Abbat whâ—…̄ likewise they affirme to haue done employed in conuerting the Islande 〈◊〉 heatheâ—…rie to Christianitie But the auctor that broacheth this opinion is not founde to carie any such crediâ—…e wyth him as that a man may certainly affirme it or probably coniecture it vnlesse we relye to the olde wythered woorme eaten Legend loded with as many lowde lyes as lewde lines The better and the more certaine opinion is that the other Patricke founde it out in such wise as CambrieÌ„se reporteth Camb. lib. â—… Topog. dist 2. rub 6. There is a poole as lake sayeth he in the partes of Vlster that enuironneth an Island in the one part whereof there standeth a Churche much lightned with the brightsome recourse of Aâ—…gelles the other part is onely and gastly as it were a bedlem allotted to the visible assemblies of horrible and grisly bugges This part of the Islande contayneth nyne caues And if any dare be so hardye as to take one night his lodging in any of these Innes which hath béene experimented by some rashe and harebrayne aduenturers straight these spirites claw him by the back and tugge him so ruggedly and tosse him so crabbedly that nowe and then they make him more francke of his bumme then of his tongue a payment correspondent to his intertaynemeÌ„t This place is called S. Patricke his purgatorie of the inhabitours For when S. Patrike laboured the conuersion of the people of Vlster by setting before their eyes in great heate of spirite the creation of the worlde the fall of our progenitours the redemption of man by the blessed and precious bloude of our Sauiour Iesus Christ the certayntie of death the immortalitie of the soule the generall resurrection our latter dumbe the ioyes of heauen the paynes of hell howe that at length euery man small and great young and olde riche and poore king and keaser potentate peasaunt must eyther through God his gracious mercy be exalted to the one to floorish in perpetuall felicitie or through his vnsearcheable iustice tumbled downe to the other to be tormented in eternall miserie these and the like graue and weightie sentences wherewith he was aboundantly stored so farre funcke into their heartes as they séemed very flexible in condescending to hys behest so that some proofe of his estraunge preaching coulde haue béene veryfied Wherevpon wythout further delay they spake to the prelate in this wyse Syr as we like of your preaching so we dislyke not of our libertie You tell vs of many gye gawes and estraunge dreames You woulde haue vs to abandonne infidelitie to cage vp our libertie to bridle our pleasure For which you promise vs for our toyle and labour a place to vs as vnknowen so as yet vncertayne You sermon to vs of a dungeon appointed for offenders and miscredentes In deede if we coulde finde that to be true we woulde the sooner be weaned from the swéete napple of our libertie and frame our selues plyaunt to the will of that God that you reueale vnto vs. s Patricke coÌ„sidering that these sealy soules were as all dulcarnanes for y e more part are more to be terryfied from infidelitie through the paynes of hell then allured to Christianitie by the ioyes of heauen most heartily besought God sort stoode wyth his gracious pleasure for the honour and glorie of his diuine name to giue out some euident or glimsing token of the matter they importunatly requyred Finally by the especiall direction of God he founde in the North edge of Vlster a desolate corner hemmed in rounde and in the middle thereof a pit where he reared a Church called Reglis or Reglas Reglasse at the East end of the Churchyarde a doore leadeth into a closet of stone lyke a long ouen which they call S. Patricke hys purgatorie for that the people resorte thither euen at this day for pennaunce and haue reported at their returne estraunge visions of paine and blisse appearing vnto them Polichr lib. â—… 36.1138 The auctor of Polichronicon wryteth that in the reigne of king Stephane a knight named Owen pilgrimaged to this purgatorie being so appalled at the straunge visions that there he sawe as that vpon his returne from thence he was wholly mortyfied and sequestring himselfe from the worlde he spent the
aboade battayle eche man recoueryng hys owne wyth the state of gouernement Thus in effecte haue the Irish writers reported of Turgesius a Norwegian whether he did reygne before the supposed tyme of 〈◊〉 or whether that hee came thyther as Lieuetenaunt to him whiche if it shoulde bee true no doubte the same Gurmonde was some Kyng of the Danes or Norweygians and not of the Affricanes as some of our countreymen name hym Which errour is soone committed in takyng one Heathenishe nation for an other Gurmonde as those haue doone that haue named the Hungarians when they inuaded Gallia before they were Christians Sarazins And so lykewyse might that authour who so euer he was whom Geffrey of Monmouth foloweth fynding Gurmonde written to be a king of the myscreantes mistake the Norwegians for Affricanes bicause both those nations were Infidels and therefore sith haply the Affricanes in the dayes when that Author lyued bare al the brute aboue other Heathenishe nations then as the Turkes do nowe he named them Africanes Howe soeuer it was certayne it is that the Danes or Norwegians made sundrie inuasions into Irelande and that at seuerall tymes But for Turgesius whether hee were an absolute Kyng or but a Lieutenant of some armye vnder some other king named Gurmonde or peraduenture Gormo as suche names are soone corrupted I can not affirme bycause that no certayne tyme is sette downe in the Chronicles whyche are written of those Nations whereby they maye bee so reconciled together as suffiseth to warrant any lykely coniecture in this behalfe But if I shoulde saye with the Readers licence what I thinke this Gurmonde what so euer he was made no suche conquest of Irelande nor of this our Ile of Britayn as by some writers is supposed but yet myght he peraduenture lande in Wales and eyther in fauoure of the Saxons then enimyes to the Britons or in hatred of the Christian name persecute by cruell warres the Brytishe nation and vse suche crueltie as the Heathenishe nations then were accustomed to practise agaynst the Christians in all places where they came and chaunced to haue the vpper hande The chiefest cause that moueth me to doubte therof is for that I fynd not in any of our approued auncient Englishe writers as Bede Malmesburye Huntingdon Houeden or suche lyke anye playne mention made of hym whereby I may be throughly induced to credite that whyche I fynde in Geffrey Monmouth and others recorded of hym except his name be mistaken and so therby some errour crept in which I am not able to resolue But sith we are entred to speake thus farre of the Norwegians heere by the waye I haue thoughte it not impertinente to the purpose of thys Irishe historie to write what wee fynde recorded in the Chronicles of those northernlye Regions Denmarke Norwey Alber. Crants Saxo Graâ—â— and Sweden written by Saxo Grammaticus Albertus Crantz and others concernyng the sundry inuasions made by the Danes Norweygians or Normans whether we lyst to cal them into Irelande Fridley or Fridlenus king of Denmarke Fridlenus that succeded Dan the thirde of that name surnamed the swift arriuing in Irelande Dublyn besieged besieged the citie of Dublyn and perceyuing by the strength of the walles that it wold be an hard matter to wynne it by playne force of hand without some cunning policie he deuised to catche a sorte of swallowes that had made their nestes in the houses within the towne tyed wylde fire to their wyngs and therwith caste them vp and suffered them to flye their wayes Dublyn set on fyre and vvâ—â— by the Danes whervpon they comming to theyr nestes set the houses on fire whiche whyles the citziens went aboute to quenche the Danes entred the citie and wanne it After this the Danes went to Dublin Dublin wonne which towne they easily tooke and founde suche store of riches and treasure therein that euery man hadde somuche as hee coulde wishe or desire so as they needed not to fall out among themselues for the partition sith there was so muche for each mans share as hee coulde conueniently carrie away Thus hath Saxo Grammaticus written in effect of Starcaters comming into Irelande of whome the Danish writers make such mention both for his huge stature and greate manhoode Some haue thoughte that Starcater was the very same man whiche the Scottes name Finmackcole of whome in the Scottishe Historie we haue made mention but where as the Scottish writers affirme that he was a Scottishman borne the Danish writers reporte that hee was borne in Eastlande among the people called Estones Reignirus the sonne of Siwardus Reignirus the second King of Denmarke hauyng atchieued sundry victories in Englande and Scotlande and subdued the Isles of Orkney hee passed likewise into Irelande Melbrick K. of Irelande slayne slewe Melbricke King of that lande and tooke the Citie of Dublin by siege where hee remayned the whole tearme of twelue moneths before he departed from thence Gurmo the third of that name king of Denmarke After this Gurmo the third of that name king of Denmarke although an Infidell hymselfe and a cruell persecuter of the Christian Religion yet tooke to wife a Christian Ladie named Thyra He marieth Thira daughter to Etheldred King of Englande Canute and Harolde daughter to Etheldred King of EnglaÌ„d who had issue by him two sonnes Knaught or Canute and Harold prouing men of high valiancie and notable prowes in so muche that after the atchieuing of dyuers worthy victories againste the enimies neere home they made a voyage into Englande not sparing to inuade the Dominions of theyr Graundfather King Etheldred who rather reioycing than seeming to be offended with those manlike enterprises of his cousins proclaymed them hys heyres to succeede after hym in all hys landes and dominions although of ryghte the same were to descende fyrst vnto theyr mother Thira The yong menne beeyng encouraged with theyr Graundfathers bountifull magnificence attempted the inuasion of Irelande They inuade Irelande Canute is slayne where at the siege of Dublin Canute or Knought the elder brother was shotte into the body with an arrowe and dyed of the wounde howbeit hys deathe was kept close by hys owne commaundemente gyuen before hee dyed till hys people hadde gote the Citie into their possession But the gayne was small in respect of the losse whiche was thoughte to redounde vnto the whole Danishe nation by the deathe of that noble yong Gentleman Canute who for hys hygh prowesse and valiancie was most tenderly beloued of all menne but namely of his father King Gormo in so muche that hee sware to kill hym with hys owne handes who so euer shoulde first tell hym newes of hys deathe This Gormo was nowe a man farre striken in age and blinde hauyng small ioy of anye worldly pleasures otherwise than to heate of the welfare prosperous proceedings of his sonnes When therefore hys wife Queene Thira hadde perfect aduertisemente of hir
Captaines yeelding their winâ—â—â—gs to y e stronger This is the miserie of lawlesse people resembling the rudenesse of the rude world wherin euery maÌ„ was richer and poorer than other as he was in might violence more or lesse enabled Here began factions of the nobilitie in Irelande fauoring diuers sides that stroue for the Crowne of England For the Duke of Yorke in those ten yeeres of his gouernemente exceedingly wanne the hartes of the noblemen and Gentlemen of that land of the whiche diuers were slayne with him at Wakefielde as the contrary part was the next yeere by his sonne Edward Erle of Marche at Mortimers Crosse in Wales In which mean time the Irishe grewe hardy and vsurped the Englishe countreys insufficiently defended as they had done by like oportunitie in the latter end of Richard the second These two seasons set theÌ„ so a flote y t heÌ„ceforward they could neuer be cast out from their forcible possessions holding by playne wrong all Vlster and by certayne Irishe tenures no small portions of Monster and Connagh least in Meth and Leynister where the ciuill subiects of the Englishe bloud did euer most preuayle Edwarde the fourth And Edward the fifth Lieutenaunts and Deputies in king Edward the fourth his dayes THomas Fitz Morice Earle of Kildare Lord Iustice vntill the thirde yeere of Edward the fourth after whiche time the Duke of Clarence brother to the King had the office of Lieutenant while he liued and made his deputies by sundry turnes Thomas Erle of Desmond Iohn Tiptoft Erle of Wurcetor the Kings cousin Thomas Earle of Kildare and Henry Lord Grey of Ruthin Great was the credit of the Giraldines euer wheÌ„ the house of Yorke prospered The Butlers and likewise the Butlers thriued vnder the bloud of the Lancasters for whiche cause the Earle of Desmond remayned many yeres Deputie to George Duke of Clarence his good brother but when he had spoken certayne disdaynefull words againste the late marriage of king Edward with the Lady Elizabeth Gray the sayd Lady beeing nowe Queene caused his trade of life after the Irishe manner contrary to sundry olde statutes enacted in that behalfe The Erle of Wurceter to be sifted and examined by Iohn Earle of Wurcetor his successor so that hee was atteynted of treason coÌ„demned and forthe same beheaded at Droghedagh 1467 Campion out of Saint leger in his collections Iames the father of this Thomas Earle of Desmond being suffered and not controlled during the gouernemeÌ„t of Richard Duke of Yorke his godcept and of Thomas Erle of Kildare his kinsman put vpon the Kings subiects within the countries of Waterford Corke Keary Irish impositions and Limirike the Irish impositions of Quinio and Liuery Cartings Cariages lodings Cocherings Bonnaght and such like which customes are the very breeders maynteyners and vpholders of all Irishe enormities wringing from the poore tenantes euerlasting ceasse allowaÌ„ce of meate and money whereby their bodies and goodes were brought in seruice and thraldome so that the meÌ„ of warre Horses and their Galloglaghes lye stil vpon the fermors eate them out begger the couÌ„trey foster a sort of Idle vagabonds ready to rebell if their Lord commaund them euer non sled in stelth and robberies These euill presidents giuen by the father the sonne did exercise being L. Deputie to whome the reformation of that disorder specially belonged Notwithstanding the same faulte beeing winked at in other and with such rigor auenged in him was manifestly taken for a quarrell sought and procured 1469 Two yeeres after the sayd Earle of Wurcetor lost his head while Henry the sixt takeÌ„ out of the Tower was set vp againe king Edward proclaymed vsurper and then was Kildare enlarged whom likewise atteynted they thought also to haue rydde and shortly both the Earles of Kildare and Desmond were restored to their bloud by ParliameÌ„t Restitution to bloud Sir Rouland Eustace 1470 Fiatsbery sometime Treasorer and Lord Chancellor was lastly also Lord Deputie of Ireland He founded S. Francis Abbey beside Kilcollen bridge King Edwarde a yeere before his death honored his yonger son Richard Duke of Yorke with the title of Lieutenant ouer thys lande which he enioyed til his vnnaturall Vncle bereft both him and his brother King Edwarde the fifth of their naturall liues ¶ Richard the third Richard the third WHen this Monster of nature and cruell Tyrant Richard the third had murthered his two yong Nephewes and taken vpon hym the Crowne and gouernement of England hee preferred his owne sonne Edward to the dignitie of Lorde Lieutenante of Ireland whose deputie was Geralde Earle of Kildare that bare that office all the reigne of King Richard and a while in Henry the seuenth his dayes ¶ Henry the seuenth TO the which Earle came the wilie Priest Henry the seuenth Sir Richard SimoÌ„d Priest Lambert couÌ„terfeyt to be the Erle of Warwicke sir Richard Simond bringing with him a lad that was his Scholer named Lambert whome hee feygned to bee the sonne of George Earle of Clarence lately escaped foorth of the Tower of London And the boy could reckon vp his pedegree so redily and had learned of the Priest suche Princely behauiour that hee lightly moued the sayde Earle and many other y e nobles of Ireland tendering as well the lignage royal of Richard Plantagenet Duke of Yorke and hys sonne George their CountreymaÌ„ borne as also maligning the aduancement of the house of Lancaster in Henry the seuenth eyther to thinke or to faine y t the world might beleeue they thought verily this child to be Edward Earle of Warwike the Duke of Clarence his lawfull sonne And although King Henry more than halfe marred their sporte in shewing the right Earle through all the streetes of London yet the Lady Margaret Duches of Burgongne sister to Edwarde the fourth hyr Nephewe Iohn de la Poole The Lorde Louell 〈◊〉 Thomas Broughton y e Lord Louell Sir Thomas Broughton Knighte and dyuers other Captaynes of this conspiracy deuised to abuse the coloure of this yong Earles name for preferring their purpose which if it came to good they agreed to depose Lamberte and to erect the very Earle indeede nowe prisoner in the Tower for whose quarrell had they pretended to fight they deemed it likely hee shoulde haue bin made away Wherefore it was blazed in Irelande that the King to mocke hys subiectes had scholed a boy to take vppon hym the Earle of Warwikes name and hadde shewed him about London to blinde the eyes of the simple folke and to defeate the lawfull inheritour of the good Duke of Clarence theyr countreyman and protector duryng his life vnto whose lignage they also deriued title in right to the Crowne In all hast they assembled at Dublin and there in Christs Churche â—â—mberte â—â—â—ned they Crowned thys Idoll honoring him with titles imperiall feasting and triumphing reysing myghtie shoutes and cryes carrying him from thence to the Castell vpon tall
his brother Duke Robert Mat. Paris perswading them moreouer that y e said Duke was likely to prooue a sharp and rigorous gouernour if he once atteyned to y e Crowne and dominion of the Iland Moreouer he caused it to be bruted abrode and reported for a certain trouth that the same Robert was alreadie treated king of Ierusalem And therefore cōsidering that the kingdom of Palestine as the report went was of greater reuenues than that of England there was no cause why they shuld stay for him who would not willingly leaue the greater for the lesse By which meanes the nobilitie and commons were the sooner persuaded to decline from the election of the sayd Robert and to receiue his brother Henry for their lauful king who on the other side ceased not to promise moūtaines till his enterprise tooke effecte and then at leysure payed some of them with molle hylles as by the sequele of the storie shal more at large appeare Herevpon she was conueyed into Englande maried to the king who caused the Archbishop Anselme to crown hir Queene on Saynt Martines day whiche fell as that yeare came about vppon the Sundaye being the eleuenth of Nouember It shoulde seeme by Eadmerus that shee was neuer Nonue but only veyled by hir mother and placed amongst Nonnes agaynst hir mynde as she protested to the whole worlde at suche tyme as the Archebishoppe Anselme refused to consent to solemnise the mariage betwixt them ◅eru◅ tyll that doubte were cleared and the occasion remoued whervpon euill disposed men would haue grounded theyr iudgementes and reported the worste But whether she were professed or veyled only loth she was to consente at the fyrst as partly ye haue hearde but after that she was coupled with the kyng in marriage shee proued a right obedient wyfe The Archebishop of Vienne the Popes Legate About thys season the Archbishop of Vienne came ouer into Englande wyth the Popes authoritie as he pretended to bee Legate ouer all Britayne whyche was straunge newes vnto England and greatly meruayled at as sayth Eadmer of all menne For it hadde not beene hearde of in Englande before that tyme that any person shoulde exercyse the Popes roome excepte the Archebishoppe of Canterbury He is not receiued for legate And so he departed as he came for no manne receyued him as Legate nor he exercysed any Legantine authoritie Soone after the Kyng sense Ambassadours vnto Rome for a suite whyche hee had against the Archebishoppe Anselme for that hee denyed not onely to doe hym homage but also would not consecrate suche Bishoppes and other Ecclesiasticall Gouernours as he tooke vppon hym to inueste About which matter no small trouble was moued as partely hereafter it shall appeare 1011. In the meane tyme Roberte the kyngs elder brother retourning out of the holy lande commeth into Normandye for after he hadde aduertisemente of the deathe of hys brother Rufus and that his younger brother Henrye was crowned kyng of Englande hee was greately displeased in hys mynde and meante wyth all speede to assaye if hee myght recouer it oute of hys handes Ran. Higd. Duke Roberte chosen king of Hierusalem Wee reade that when the Christian Princes hadde wonne Hierusalem they did assemble togyther in the Temple to choose a Kyng to haue the gouernemente of that Citie and countrey and that Duke Roberte was chosen before all the residue to be King there by reason of a certain kynde of miracle wrought by the quenchyng of a taper and sodaine kindelyng thereof agayne as he helde the same in his hande standyng in the Churche afore the Altar amongest other on Easter euen as a vayne tale hath therof bin tolde So as thereby it should be thought he was appoynted among all the residue to be Kyng and so was he nominated But hee hauyng hys mynde more enclyned to Englande Polid◅r refused to take the charge vpon hym wherevppon after that daye he neuer greately prospered in any businesse whyche he tooke in hande But other Authours of good credite whiche haue written the Historie of that voyage made into the holye Lande make no mencion of any suche matter but declare that Godfray of Bolongne was by the generall consente of all the Princes and Capitaynes there elected kyng as in the description of the voiage into the holy land more playnly appeareth But nowe to retourne from whence I haue digressed When the fame was blowne into England that duke Robert was returned into Normandie An. reg 2. and that the people had receiued him for their Duke with great triumph and ioye there were diuers whiche deliting in newe alterations and being wearie of the quiet gouernement of king Henry Duke Roberte is solicited to come into England to claime the crovvne wrote letters ouer oute of Englande to the Duke signifying to hym that if he woulde make haste and come to recouer the realme oute of his brothers handes who vsurped therein by wrongfull title they would be ready to aide him with all their powers And herewithall the duke beeing ◅eadye of his owne accorde to thys enterprise was not a little enflamed and nowe made more earnest to make haste about this businesse And where hee woulde not seeme at the first muche to esteeme of the offer made to him by those Englishmen whiche had thus written ouer vnto him blaming generally all the english nobilitie for that whylest he was abroade in the seruice of the Christian common wealth agaynste the Infidels they woulde suffer hym to be in suche wyse defrauded of his fathers inheritance by his brother through their vntrouth and negligence yet although he mente to delay y e matter thought it rather better to dissemble with them for a tyme VVil. Mal. Simon Dun. than to committe the successe of his affaires and his person vnto theyr inconstancie Shortely after beeing sette on fire and still encouraged by the perswasion of Raufe bishop of Durham who by a meruaylous wylye shifte In the kal. of February R Haue H. Hunt Polidore about the first of February had broken out of prison with all speed possible he gathered his armie purposing out of hande to passe ouer with the same into England and to hazard his right by dente of sworde whiche was thus by playne iniurie moste wickedly deteyned from hym King Henry in the mean time vnderstanding his meaning likewyse assembled his power and furnished foorth a great number of ships appointyng them to lye in a readinesse to stop hys brothers comming to land if it myght be He himself also lodged wyth hys mayne armie neere vnto the towne of Hastings to be readie to giue him battayle if he landed thereaboutes The king hauing knowledge both of the arriuall of his enimies and of the reuoltyng of his subiectes reysed his Campe and came to lodge neere vnto his enimies the better to perceyue what he attempted and ment to doe They were also in manner readye to haue
vpon Saint Laurence day caused all the corne in the Countrey about and namely that which belonged to the sayd Abbay to be spoyled and brought into a Castell which he had in keeping not far froÌ„ thence Eustace king Stephens son and Simon Earle of Northamton depart this life both in one weeke But as he sat down to meat the same day vpoÌ„ receiuing the first morsel he fell mad as writers haue reported miserably ended his life The same week of a like disease Simon Erle of NorthaÌ„pton departed this world so two of the chiefest aduersaries which Duke Henrie had were rid out of the way Eustace was buried at Feuersam in Kent erle Simon at NorthaÌ„pton The Earlr of Chester deceasseth About the same time also that noble valiaÌ„t erle of Chester called Ranulf departed this life a maÌ„ of such stoutnesse of stomacke y t vneth might death make him to yeeld or shewe any token of feare He was poisoned as was thought by William Peuerell And whereas king Stephen was the cause of all the troubles in hauing vsurped an other mannes rightfull inheritaunce it pleased God to moue his hart now at leÌ„gth to couet peace which he had euer before abhorred The cause that moued him chiefly to chaunge his former purpose was for that his sonne Eustace by speedie death was taken out of this worlde as before yee haue heard which losse seemed great not onely to the father but also to al those Lords and other which had euer taken his parte bycause he was a yong man so well lyked of all men The Ladie Constance 〈◊〉 to Eustace 〈◊〉 home that he was iudged to be borne to all honour But his wife CoÌ„stance aboue measure tooke his death moste sorowfully and the more indeede for that shee had brought forth no issue by him wherevpon she was shortly after sente honourably home to hir father King Lewes with hir dower other rich and princely gyftes King Stephen therefore seeing him depriued of his onely sonne vnto whome hee mynded to leaue the kingdome which he so earnestly sought establish to him by warlyke trauaile and that againe the French kings ayde woulde not bee so readie as heretofore it had beene wherevpon he much stayed nowe that the bondes of affinitie were abolished he began then a length although not immediatly vpo his sonnes deceasse to withdraw his minde from fantasying the warre and enclyned it altogither to peace King Stephen began to encline his mind to peace which inclination being perceyued those Nobles that were glad to see the state of their Countrey quieted did theyr best to further it namely the Archbishop of Canterbury Theobald Mat. Par. trauailed ernestly to bring the princes to some agreement now talking with the king now sending to the duke vsing al meanes possible to make theÌ„ both at one Ger. Do. The Bishop of Winchester also that had caused all the trouble vpon consideration of the great calamities wherwith the land was most miserably afflicted began to wish an end thereof Whervpon the lordes spirituall temporall were called togither at Winchester about the latter end of NoueÌ„ber that they might also with their consentes confirme that which the king and duke should conclude vpon An assembly of Lordes at Winchester Thus was there a publike assemble made in the citie of Winchester whither also duke Henrie came and being ioyfully receyued of the king in the Bishops Palace they were made friendes the king admitting the duke for his sonne the duke the king for his father A peace concluded betwixt the king and the duke And so the agreemeÌ„t which through the careful suite of the Archbishop of CaÌ„terburie had beene with such diligence to good effect laboured was now confirmed The chief articles whereof were these That king Stephen during his naturall life should remaine king of England Some writers haue recorded that duke HeÌ„rie should presently by this agreement enâ—…oy hâ—…lfe the realm of Englande that HeÌ„rie the Empresses sonne shoulde enioy the dukedome of Normandie and further be proclamed heyre apparant to succeede in the kingdome and gouernment of Englande after the deceasse of Stephen Moreouer such noble men other which had taken either the one partie or the other during the time of the ciuill warres should be in no daunger for the same but enioy theyr lands possessions liuings according to their auncient rightes and titles There was also consideration had of a sonne whiche King Stephen had named William who though hee were very yong was yet appoynted to sweare fealtie vnto duke Henrie as lawfull heyre to the crowne The same William had the Citie of Norwich diuerse other landes assigned him for the maintenance of his estate that by the consent and agreement of duke HeÌ„rie his adopted brother Moreouer it was concluded that the king should resume take into his hands againe all those portions and parcels of inheritance belonging to the crowne as he had giuen away or were otherwise vsurped by any maner of person and that all those possessions which by any intrusion had beene violently taken froÌ„ the right owners fith the dayes of king Henrie shoulde bee again restored to them that were rightly possessed in the same by the dayes of the aforesayd king Moreouer it was agreed Mat. Par. Castels to be rased in number .1115 that all those Castels which contrarie to all reason and good order had beene made and builded by any maner of person in the dayes of King Stephen shoulde be ouerthrowne and cast downe whiche in number were founde to bee .xj. hundred and fiftene The king also vndertooke to refourme all such misorders as the warre had brought in as to restore fermers to their holdings to repayre the decayed buyldisss to store the pastures and leassues with cattell the hilles with sheepe to see that the Cleargie might enioy theyr due quietnesse and not to be oppressed with any vndue exactions to place Sherifes where they had beene accustomed to beare rule with instructions giuen to them to deale vprightly in causes so as offenders might not escape through brybes or any other respect of friendship but that euery man might receyue according to right and equitie that which was his due That Souldiers shoulde conuert theyr swords as Esay sayth into Culters and plough shares theyr Speares into Mattockes and so returne from the campe to the plough and suche as were wont to keepe watche in the night season might now sleepe and take theyr rest without any daunger That the husbande man might bee relieued of all vexation and that Marchant men and occupiers might enioy theyr trade of occupying to theyr aduauncement one kind and maner of siluer coyne to runne through the lande so as the war that had continued now for the space of .xvij. yeares might in this sort bee brought to ende and fully pacified These things being thus concluded at Winchester the king tooke
belyke William de Harecourt and Olyuer Fitzroy sonne to the kyng of England and diuers other An. reg 3. 1219. The deceasse of the Earle of â—…embroke The next yeare whiche was after the birthe of our Lord .1219 dyed William Marshal the forsayde Earle of Pembroke and gouernoure both of the realme and also of the Kings person a man of suche woorthinesse both in stoutnesse of stomacke and martiall knoweledge as Englande had few then lyuing that might be compared wyth hym â—…e is buried in â—…he Temple â—…hurche Hee was buryed in the newe Temple Churche at London vppon the Ascention day The same yeare also Wallo or Guallo the legate returned to Rome Randulph made â—…ishop of Norwiche and Pandulph who as before is expressed did the message so stoutly from Pope Innocent to king Iohn is also made Bishop of Norwiche Moreouer the gouernement of king Henry after the death of William Marshall the elder Earle of Pembroke was committed vnto Peter Bishop of Winchester The bishop 〈◊〉 VVinchesterâ—… gouernour to the kyng For the yong king was almoste destitute of any of his kinred that wer worthie to haue the rule of him Queene Isabâ—… maryed to thâ—… Erle of Marâ—… forasmuch as his mother Quene Isabell was lately maryed to Hughe Brune the Earle of Marche in Fraunce vnto whome shee was promysed before king Iohn toke hir to wife as in the life of the same Kyng Iohn is before mentioned The bishop of Winchester being now in the possession of the kings person doubting least he had taken a greatter charge vppon him than hee might well answer caused diuers sage and honorable personages to he admitted of the kings Councell to assiste him in the administration of the Common weale and good gouernance of the realme Which being done A parliamenâ—… and a subsidiâ—… R. Fabian a parliamente was holden at London wherein a Subsidye was graunted to the King of .ij. ss to be gathered and leuyed of euery ploughe lande within his dominions towardes the relieuing of the great charges whiche hee had susteyned by the warres against the foresayd Lewes 1220 Moreouer in the yeare ensuing whiche was of our Lord .1220 and vpon the .xvij. daye of May being Whitsunday the K. was eftsoones solemnely crowned at Westminster The king croâ—…ned the seconâ—… tyme. to the end it might be sayd that now after the extinguishment of all seditious factions he was crowned by the general coÌ„sent of all the estates and subiects of his realme The same yeare also was the bodie of Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury translated Mat. Paris and Hugh bishop of Lincoln canonized for a saint In like maner in the vigile of Peter Paule Mat. Paris the king fynding the Castels of Rokingham and Sauveye at that presente vnpurueyde of victuals tooke the same into his handes againste the will of William of Albemarle whiche before helde the same â—…an Higd. proclamati 〈◊〉 to auoyde â—…angers This yeare also was a proclamation made in London and throughout all the realme that all straungers should auoide the land before the feast of Saint Michaell then nexte following except those that came with marchandise Furthermore Ranulphe Earle of Chester after hee was come from the holy land â—…he castelles 〈◊〉 Chartley â—…eston buyle â—…an Higd. beganne to build the Castels of Chartley and Beeston and afterward he also builded the Abbey of Dieu Lencresse commonly called Delacresse of the white order Toward his charges susteined aboute the building of whiche Castells and Abbey he tooke toll throughout all his Lordshippes of all suche persons as passed by the same with any cattel chaffre or marchandise Anno reg 5. 1121. Ths yeare deceassed also Henry de Boun carle of Hereford and Saerde Quincy earle of Winchester in theyr iourney which they made into the holy land Also the same yeare the Priestes or canons that inhabited within the kings castell of olde Salisbury remoued with the bishoppes sea Salisburye vnto newe Salisbury whiche by the king was made a citie The bishop Richarde procured this remouing through the kings helpe who was very willing thereunto as it seemed by his charters largely graunted in that behalfe There were of counsell with hym also as was thoughte Foulques du Brent Philip de Marc Peter de Maulcon Engellard de Athie and many other who priuily sente men to hys ayde In the meant tyme the countrey people withdrewe to the Churches and gatte theyr goodes into the Churchyardes Moreouer the Peeres of the realme assembled themselues in counsell at Westm where the king was present and whither the Earle of Albemarle was summoned to come who fayning s as though he had ment to haue gone thytherward directly turned sodeynly his way to the Castel of Fodringhey â—…e castell of â—…ringhey and toke it vpon the sodayne furnishing it also with a garnison of Souldiours to be kepte hereafter to hys owne vse That Castell was in the keeping of the Earle of Chester who at that instant had but fewe souldiours there in garnison whereby it was the sooner surprised When this news came to the king he reysed a power and came with all speed to the Castel of Byham The castel of Biham yâ—…ded vpon the wednesday nexte after the feast of Candelmasse and then compassing the same about with a strong siege he constreyned them within by force of suche engins as they vsed in those dayes that finally on the eyghte day of February they came forth and submitted themselues and all that they had into the kings pleasure Who caused them to be safely kept till he might take further aduisement what should be done with them In the meane whyle also commeth the Erle of Albemarle and by helpe and meaâ—…es of the Archebishop of Yorke and the Legaâ—…e Pandulphe he purchased his peace a the Kings hands the rather in dede bycause he had faithfully serued bothe the kyng and his father kyng Iohn in theyr warrs â—…th Paris 〈◊〉 seruice â—…ed before that time Al those men of armes and souldiours also whiche had submitted them selues and remained as prisoners wer pardoned Which ouer great cleâ—…cye caused others misgouerned persones to attempt the like offence of rebellion shortely after 〈◊〉 VVelchâ—… beginne â—…re At the very selfe same time the Welchemen beganne to sturre and vnder their prince and leader Leolin they entred vpon the englishe marches and with greate crueltie spoyled and robbed the same wherevpon it was determined by the councell that the king as he was comming toward the castell of Biham should deuide his army â—…dor and so he did sending one parte thereof against the Welchmen whervpon Leolin after he vnderstoode that the kyngs power came toward him as one not able to resist the same cast off his armor and submitted himselfe to his mercy â—…b Paris There bee whiche write that where Prince Leâ—…lin had besieged the Castel of Buet belonging to Reginalde de
contrary so maskered his vnderstanding that in the ende they brought him to tract the steppes of lewde demeanor and so were causers both of hys and their owne destruction The Frenchmen not ignoraunte of suche mischiefes as were like to growe in Englande suffered no time to passe but tooke occasioÌ„s of aduantage when they were offered Among other enterprises I finde Froissart that shortly after the decesse of King Edwarde the Duke of Burgoigne wanne Arde and two or three other fortresses in those marches The Scottes this yeare also wanne the Castell of Barwike by stelthe one morning Froissart Barwik castell won by the Scottes but shortly vpon knowledge had the Earles of Northumberland and Notingham the Lordes Neuile Lucy Graystocke and Stafford with other Lords Knightes and Esquiers came with their powers in all hast thither and entring y e towne besieged the Castell and finally assaulting them that kept it wanne it of them by force Barvvik castell recouered by the Englishmen and slewe all those Scottishmen whych they found within it excepte Alexander Raniscy theyr Capitayne When the Englishmen had thus recouered the Castell they entred into Scotland in hope to find the Scottes and to fight with theÌ„ whome they knew to be assembled The Englishe host was three thousande men of armes and seauen thousand archers but they sent forth Sir Thomas Musgraue with three hundred Speares and three hundred archers to Meuros to trie if he might vnderstand any thing of the Scottes in those parties with whome the Earle Douglas An ouerthrow giuen by the Scots to the englishmen hauing with him seauen hundred Speares and two thousand of other called yomeÌ„ with glaiues and other weapons encountred by chance and distressed him and his company Sir Thomas Musgraue himselfe and sixe score other were taken prisoners besides those that were slayne the residue escaped by flighte making the best shifte they coulde for them selues The L. Neuill Sir Thomas Triuet sir Wil. Scrope and dyuers other valiant Captaines of Englande were sente into Gascoigne this yeare whiche first landed at Burdeaux on the euen of the Natiuitie of oure Lady where after they had rested them a while The siege of Mortaigne raysed they went and reysed the siege which the frenchmen hadde held before Mortaigne in Poictowe a long time before Gouernour of thys siege at the firste was Yuan or Owen of Wales but hee was murthered one morning as hee sate alone viewing the Castell and combing his head by one of his owne Contreymen which vnder coulour to serue hym was become with him very familiar This Owen or Yuan whether ye wil for all is one was sonne to a noble man of Wales whome King Edward had put to death for some offence by him committed where thys Yuan got him into Fraunce being as then very yong and was brought vp in the French Court and proued an expert maÌ„ of warre so that great lamentation was made for his deathe by the Frenchmen But the Englishmenne although they misliked y e maner of his death yet they were not greatly sorowfull for the chaunce sith they were ridde thereby of an extreame enimy After that the Englishmenne hadde reysed the Frenchmen from the siege of Mortagne they returned to Burdeaux and after recouered sundry Castels and fortresses in the marches of Burdeloys and about Bayone Also they ayded the K. of Nauarre against the King of Castille made a roade into the confynes of Castille but shortly after a peace was concluded betwixte those two Kings so that the Lorde Charles of Nauarre should marrie the daughter of the King of Castille vpon certain conditions and so the Englishmen had their wages truely paide them and therevpon returned A ParliameÌ„t Tho. VVals About Michaelmas began a ParliameÌ„t that was summoned at Westminster whiche continued til the feast of Saint Andrew In this parliament the foresayde Sir Peter de la Mere and other the Knightes that hadde bin so earnest against Dame Alice Perers in the fast ParliameÌ„t holden by King Edward the third so prosecuted the same cause now in this Parliament that the sayde Dame Aliâ—… Perers was banished the Realme and all hir goodes moueable and vnmoueable forfeyted to the King bycause coÌ„trary to that shee had promised by oth in the saide last Parliament she hadde presumed to come within the Courte and to obteyne of the King what so euer was to hir liking There was two tenthes graunted by the Cleargie to the King in this Parliament two fifteenes of the temporaltie to bee paide the same yeare Two Citizens of London appointed to keepe the subsedie graÌ„ted by Parliament and two Citizens of London William Walworth and Iohn Philpot were appoynted to haue the keeping of that money to the ende it might be employed to the Kings necessary vses for defence of the Realme Sir Hugh Caluerley a valiant Captayne Sir Hugh Caluerley beeing deputie of Calais comming one morning to Bulloigne brent certaine Shippes which lay there in the hauen to the number of sixe and twentie besides two proper barkes beeing vessels of no small accompte And hauing spoiled and breÌ„t the most part of the base Towne he returned to Calais with a great rich booty of goodes and Cattell Also where the Castell of Marke in absence of the Captain sir Robert de Salle that was gâ—… ouer into England was lost through negligince of them that were left in charge within it the same sir Hugh Caluerley made such speede in the matter Maâ—…e 〈…〉 â—…erley 〈◊〉 same day 〈◊〉 was lâ—… that he recouered it againe the same daye it was lost by force of assault taking the Fâ—… men prisoners that were gotten into it and â—…ging certaine picardes stipendary Souldiers 〈◊〉 the saide Castell vnder the saide Sir Roberte de Salle for that whilest the Englishmen were gâ—… foorth to see the shooting of a match which they had made amongst themselues a little off 〈◊〉 the Castell those Picards being left within that the gates againste them and receâ—… in the Frenchmen with whome they had preâ—… treason keeping the Englishmen forth to whom the safekeeping of that Castell was dominion This yeare was a Bulle sente from the Pope vnto the Vniuersitie of Oxforde 117â—… to apprehende Iohn Wicliffe Iohn Wâ—… Parson of Lutterworth in Lâ—…cestershire within the diocesse of Lincolne Also there were other Bulles to the same effect sent to the Archbishop of Caunterbury and to the Bishop of London Likewise to the King were letters directed sed the Pope to require his fauour against the sayde Wiclife so greeuously was the Pope incensed againste him and not withoute cause for if hys conclusions in doctrine toke effect he well perceyued his papisticall authoritie woulde shortly decaye There went forth this yeare a greate nauie of Shippes to the Sea vnder the guiding of the Earle of Buckingham the Duke of Britayne the Lord Latimer the Lorde Fitz Water Sir Robert Knolles and other valyant Captaines
his Nobilitie at Reading A counsel holden at Reding where the D. of Lanca recoÌ„cileth the king and the lords to the whiche the Duke of Lancaster made the more haste to come bycause hee knewe that the King woulde shewe no good countenaunce to some of the noble men and therefore he doubted least malicious offences might arise betwixt them whiche to appease he ment the best he coulde and his trauaile came to good effect for he did so much that as well the king as the Lordes departed from the Counsaile as friendes the Lordes taking theyr leaues of him in louing maner and he curteously bidding them farewell and so eche of them resorted to their homes well pleased and satisfied for that present The king helde his Christmasse this yeare at Woodstocke and the Duke of Lancaster lay at his Castell of Hertford The same tyme the Lorde Iohn de Hastings erle of Pembroke 1390 The Erle of Pembrok slain as he was learning to iust wounded to death as he was practising to learne to iust through mishap was striken about the priuie partes by a knight called sir Iohn S. Iohn that ran against him so as his inner parts being perished death presently followed The losse of this erle was greatly bemoned by men of al degrees for he was liberal geÌ„tle humble and curteous to eche one aboue all the other yong Lordes in the land of his time Of this Earles auncestours thys is reported for a thing straunge and marueylous that from the dayes of Aymer de Valence Earle of Pembrooke that was one amongest other that sate in iudgement of Thomas Earle of Lancaster there was not any Earle of Pembrooke succeeding the same Aymer de Valence vnto the dayes of this yong Earle by misfortune thus slaine that euer saw his father nor yet anye of their fathers might reioyce in the sight of anye of their sonnes being still called hence ere the time came for them so to doe This yeare the same Thomas Erle of Lancaster for the opinion which had bene conceyued of him The earle of Lancaster canonised for a Saint by reason of myracles and other respects was canonized for a Saint The Monday next after the feast of Saint Hillarie A bil against wearing of badges a Parliament was begonne at Westminster in which there was a Byll exhibited by the commons that the Lordes and great men of the realme shoulde not giue to theyr men Badges to weare as their cognizances by reason that through the abuse thereof many great oppressions imbraseries vnlawfull maintenances and wrongs were practised to the hinderaunce of all good orders lawes and iustice The Lordes woulde not consent altogither to lay down their badges No reteyners to wear badges but yee they agreed that none shoulde weare any such cognizaunce except their seruaunts of housholde and such as were in ordinarie wages by the yeare In the same Parliament certaine persons that had gone about some new rebellion in Kent being apprehended were condemned and so were drawne and hanged There was also an act made against suche as should passe the Seas to purchase prouisions as they tearmed them in any Church or Churches And if any from thenceforth attempted so to doe he should be reputed and taken as a rebell Ad act against mediators for wilful murderers Also there was an act prouided against those that committed any wilfull murder that none should presume to sue for their pardon A duke or an Archb. that so sued should forfeyt to the king an hundred poundes Likewise an Erle or a Bishop an hundred markes c. Moreouer in this Parliament it was granted that the King should haue of euery sacke of wooll fortie shillings of the which ten shillings should be applyed presently to the kings vses and xxx ss residue of the .xl. ss shoulde remaine in the haÌ„ds of the Treasorers towards y e bearing forth of the charges of warres when any chaunced Also there was a subsidie graunted of sixe pens in the pound foure pens to the vse last mentioned and two pens to be imployed at the kings pleasure In the same Parliament Iohn duke of Lancaster was created Duke of Aquitaine The Duke of LaÌ„caster 〈◊〉 Duke of â—…tayne receyuing at the kings hand the rodde and cappe as â—…stures of that dignitie Also the duke of Yorke his sonne and heire was created Erle of Rutland The fifth of March Great 〈◊〉 a sore and terrible winde rose with the violence whereof muche hurt was done houses ouerthrowne cattell destroyed and trees ouerturned After this ensued great mortalitie by pestilence so that much youth died euery where Great plaâ—… in cities and townes in passing great numbers Herewith followed a great dearth of corne Great death so that a bushell of wheate in some places was solde at .xiij. pens which then was thought to bee at a great price In this .xiij. yeare of king Richardes raigne A iourney against the Sâ—…rasyâ—… the Christians tooke in hande a iourney agaynste the Sarazens of Barbarie through sute of the Geneways so that there went a great number of Lordes knights and gentlemen of Fraunce and Englande the duke of Burbon being theyr generall Out of Englande there went one Iohn de Beaufort bastarde sonne to the Duke of Lancaster as Froissart hath noted also sir Iohn Russell sir Iohn Butler and others They set forwarde in the latter ende of this .xiij. yeare and came to Genoa where they remayned not long but that the gallyes and other vessels of the Genewayes were readie to passe them ouer into Barbarie And so about Mydsommer in the beginning of the fourtenth yeare of thys Kings reigne An. Reg. â—… the whole armie beeing embarked sayled forth to the coastes of Barbarie The English arche is good seruice where neare to the Citie of Afrike they landed at which instant the English Archers as some write stoode all the companie in good steade with theyr long Bowes heating backe the enimies from the shore whiche came downe to resyst theyr landing After they had got to land they enuyroned the Citie of Affrike called by the Moorts Mahemedia with a strong siege but at length constrained wyth the intemperancie of the sealding ayre in that hote countrey breeding in the armie sundrie diseases they fell to a composition vpon certaine articles to be perfourmed in the behalfe of the Sarazens and so .lxj. dayes after theyr fyrst arriuall there they tooke the Seas againe and returned home as in the histories of Fraunce and Italy is likewise expressed Where by Polidore Virgile it may seâ—…e that the Lorde Henrie of Lancaster Earle of Derbie shoulde bee Captaine of the Englishe menne that as before ye haue hearde went into Barbarie wyth the French men Genewayes it shoulde otherwise appeare by other Wryters Tho. VVals who affyrme that the sayde Earle made a iourney in deede the same tyme agaynste the myscreantes not into Barbarie The earle of Derby his exâ—…es in
nor heard of Tho. VVals Some wryte that they of Calais standyng in doubt of suche purueyaunce and greate preparation deuysed to annoy them procured a yong man to kyndle that fyre whereby all that dreadfull prouision was consumed to Athes and so they within Calays deliuered of a great deale of care and feare whiche they 〈◊〉 thereof Moreouer this yeare sir Robert Vâ—…tcuâ—…e vice Admirall of Englande Sir Robeâ—…â—…n faevile â—…miral Harding annoyed the Countreys on the sea coasts of Scotland for comming into the Forth with ten shippes of warre and lying there .xiiij. dayes togither landed euery daye on the one side of the Riuer or the other His exâ—… in Scotland taking prayes spoyles and prisoners notwithstanding the Duke of Albance and the Earle Dowglas were readie there with a greate power to resist him he brunt the Galliot of Scotlande beeing a shippe of greate account with many other vesselles lying the same time at the Blacknesse ouer agaynst Lieth At his returne from thence he brought wyth him .xiiij. good shippes and many other great prises of cloathes both woollen and lynnen pitche tarre woad flowre meale wheate and tie which being solde abroade the Markets His surname Roâ—… Meal market were well holpen therby so that his surname of Robert Mendmarket seemed very well to agree wyth his qualities which name he got by this occasion Aboute foure yeares before this he burnt the towne of Peples on the Market day causing his men to meete the cloathes whiche the goâ—… there wyth theyr Bowes and so to sell them awaye By what occaâ—…ion he came by that surname whervpon the Scots named him Robin Mendmarket Shortly after his returne from the Sea now in this .xj. yeare of king Henryes raigne he made a roade into Scotlande by lande The erle of Augus Vâ—…vile commonly called erle of Kyâ—… hauing wyth hym hys Nephewe yong Gylbert Vmfâ—…e Earle of Augus commonly called Earle of Kyme beeyng then but fouretene yeares of age and thys was the fyrste tyme that the sayde Earle spredde hys Banner They burnâ—… at that tyme Iedworth and the most part of Vnidale This yeare there dyed of the blouddie FurÌ„ the Citie of Burdeaux .xiiij. thousande persons 〈…〉 by the 〈◊〉 and so sore raged that disease in Gascoigne and Guienne that there wanted people to dresse theyr vines and presse their grapes Iohn Prendergest knight Iohn Prâ—…geâ—… and Wiliam Long. and Wylliam Long skoured the Seas so as no Pyrate dâ—… appeare that Merchants and passengers myght passe to and fro in safetie But yet through disdaine of some that enuied theyr good successe the same Prendergest and Long were accused of robberies which they should practise in spoyling such shippes as they mette with of dyuerse things agaynst the owners willes Prendergest was dryuen to take Sanctuarie at Westmynster and coulde not be suffred to iudge in anye mans house for feare of the kings displeasure commauÌ„ding than none shoulde receyue him and so was conâ—…eâ—…ed to set vp a tent within the Porche of Saint Peters Church there and to haue his seruants to watche nightly about him for doubt to be murthered of his aduersaries but his associate William Long lay still on the Sea til the Lorde Adâ—…tall hauing prepared certaine vessels went to the sea himselfe in person to fetche him but yet he could not catch him till he had promised him pardon and vndertaken vpon his fidelitie that her shoulde haue no harme Long committed to the Tower but notwithstanding all promyses vpon his comming in hee was shut vp fast in the Tower and so for a time remayned in durance The Archbi of Canterbury not suffâ—…ed to vnto the â—…niuersitie of Oxoâ—…d The Archb. of Canter minding in this season to visite the Vniuersitie of Oxford could not bee suffred in consideration of priuiledges which they pretended to haue The realme of Fraunce in this meane while was disquieted with the two factions of Burgoigne France disquieted with two factions and Orleans in most miserable wyse as in the French Histories it maye further appeare Neyther coulde the king being a Lunatike person and feoble of braine take any ful order for the reforming of such mischiefes so that the whole state of the kingdome was maruellously brought in decay The Duke of Orleans murdered neyther tooke those troubles ende by the death of the duke of Orleans murthered at leÌ„gth through the practise of the Duke of Burgoigne but rather more perillously encreased for the yoÌ„g duke of Orleans Charles sonne to duke Lewes thus murthered allyed hymselfe with the Dukes of Berry and Bourbon and with the Earles of Alanson and Arminacke whereby hee was so strongly handed against the duke of Burgoigne whom hee defied as his mortall foe and enimie that the duke of Burgoigne fearing the sequele of the matter thought good bycause there was a motion of mariage betwixt the prince of Wales and his daughter to require ayde of king Henrie who foreseeing that this ciuill discord in France as it after hapned might turne his realme to honor and profite The Erles of Arundel and Angus with other sent to ayde the Duke of Burgoigne sent to the Duke of Burgoigne Thomas Erle of Arundell Gilbert Vmfreuille Erle of Angus commonly called the Earle of Kime sir Robert Vmfreuille vncle to the same Gilbert sir Iohn Oldcastell Lord Cobham sir Iohn Grey and William Porter with .xij. C. archers They tooke shipping at Douer and landed at Sluys from whence with speedie iorneys in the latter ende of this .xij. yere of king Henries raigne they came to Arras where they founde the duke of Burgoigne of whom they were ioyfully receyued and from thence he appoynted them to go vnto Peronne where he assembled a power also of his owne subiects and remouing froÌ„ thence he marched through the countrey by Roy Bretuell Beauvoys Gyfors til he came with his armie vnto Pontoys where he remayned aboute the space of three weekes From Pontoyse the .xxij. of October An. reg 13. the duke of Burgoigne marched towards Paris and passing the riuer of Saine at Pont Menlene hee stayed not till he came to Paris into the whiche he entred the .xxiij. of October late in the Euening The Duke of Orleance lay the same time at S. Denys with the more part of his armie and the residue kept the towne of Saint Clou where a bridge lay ouer the ryuer of Saint Saint Clou taken by help a the Englishmâ—… On the .ix. of Nouember with harde and sharpe fight the Englishmen gaâ—… the towne of S. Clou with the bridge slue and drowned nine hundred souldiours that were set there to defende that passage besydes foure hundred that were taken prysoners Then tooke also aboue .xij. C. horses whiche they found in the towne with great riches wherof the men of warre made their profite Among other prisoners sir Manserde de Bos Sir Manserd de Bos put to death a valiant
neuer enter in league with him bycause he had broken his promise oth and writing sealed to him and to his father Other imagined this to bee done of a cautell to cast a mist before the Frenche Kings eyes to the intent hee should beleeue that this feate was wroughte by the Duchesse without assente or knowledge of the Duke or his counsell Thus may yee see that Princes sometyme with suche vayne gloses and scornefull expositions will hide theyr doyngs and cloke their purposes to the intent they woulde not eyther be espyed or else that they maye plucke their heads out of the coller at their pleasure 1437 About this season Queene Catherin mother to the king of England departed out of this life and was buried by hir husband in the minster of Westminster Catherin mother to Kyng Henry maried Owen Ten◅ This woman after the death of kyng Henry the fifth hir husband beyng yong and lustie following more hir owne wanton appetite than friendly counsel and regarding more priuate affection than hir princelyke honour tooke to husband priuily a goodly Gentleman and a ryght beautyfull person endued with manye goodlye giftes bothe of nature and grace called Owen Tenther a man descended and come of the noble lynage and auncient lyne of Cadwallader last king of the Britons by whom she conceyued and brought forth three goodly sonnes Edmund Iasper an other which was a Monke in Westminster and liued a small time also a daughter which in hir youth departed out of this transitorie life King Henrye after the death of his mother bycause they were his breethren of one wombe descended created Edmond Earle of Richmōd and Iasper Earle of Pembroke which Edmōd engendred of Margaret daughter and sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset Henry which after was King of this Realme called Henry the seauenth of whome yee shall heare more in place conuenient This Owen after the death of the Queene his wife was apprehended and committed to warde bycause that contrarie to the statute made in the sixte yeare of this King hee presumptuously had married the Queene without the Kings especiall assent out of whiche prison he escaped ◅d let out other with him and was againe apprehended and after escaped agayne Likewise the Duchesse of Bedforde sister to Lewes Earle of Saint Paule minding also to marrie rather for pleasure than for honor without counsel of hir friends maried a lusty knight called Sir Richarde Woduile to the great displeasure of hir Vncle the Bishop of Tyrwine and the Earle hir brother This Sir Richarde was made Baron of Riuers and after Earle and had by this Lady many noble sonnes and faire daughters of the which one was y e Lady Elizabeth after Quene of Englande by reason shee was married vnto Edward the fourth as heereafter shall appeare Whilest this marriage was a celebratyng Iane late Queene of England and before Duchesse of Britaine daughter to the King of Nauerre and wife to King Henrie the fourth dyed at the manor of Hauering and was buryed by hir husband at Canterburie And about the same time deceassed also the Countesse of Warwike and Henrie Archbyshop of Yorke In this yeare also the Duke of Somerset accompanyed with y e Lords of Fancombridge Talbot Sir Francis Surien the Arragonnois Mathewe Gough Thomas Paulet Thomas Harington Walter Limbrike Iohn Gedding William Watton Esquiers and Thomas Hilton Bailife of Roane with a great cōpanie of the Englishe partie Harflew besieged won by the Englishmen besieged the Towne of Harflew lately before gotten by the Frenchmē both by water and lande the Captayne within the towne was one Sir Iohn d'Estouteuille hauing his brother Robert with him and a fixe hundred good fighting men The assailants cast trenches and so fortifyed themselues in their campe and lodgings that when the Earles of Ewe and Dunois ▪ the valiant basterd of Bourbon the Lord Gawcourt and other famous Captaines with a four thousand mē sent to the rescue of them within came before the Towne they coulde not succour theyr frendes nor annoy their enimies by any meanes they could deuise and so for feare to lose honour they returned backe again with much trauaile and little profite The Capitaines within the towne perceiuing they could not bee ayded did shortly after render the town to the duke of Somerset who after cōmitted it to the keepyng of Thomas Paulet William Lymbrik Christofor Barker and George saint George whiche many yeres til the deuision began in England manfully and valiantly defended both the town and hauen But afterward when this Duke of Somerset was Regent and gouernour of Normandie he not only lost this towne of Harflew but also the citie of Roan and the whole duchie of Normandie where as nowe being but a deputie he got it to his high prayse and glorie Iames king of Scottes murthered In this yeare was Iames kyng of Scottes murthered by certaine traitours of his own subiectes The Lord Talbot besieged Tankerville and after four moneths had it simply to him rēdred This towne was no great gayne to the Englishmen for in the meane season the Frenche king in his own person besieged the strong town of Monstreau on fault Yōne whereof Thomas Gerarde being capitayne more for desire of reward than for feare of enimies sold the Towne to the French King and had of him great gifts and good cheere as afterwards was opēly knowen This Towne had bin rescued or the Frenche King fought withall if one chance had not happened for the Duke of Yorke about that tyme was discharged of his office The Earle of Warw◅k made Regent of Fraunce and the Earle of Warwike preferred to the same so that the duke of Yorke lying as then at Roan woulde haue gladly rescued the Towne if his authoritie had not surceassed the Erle of Warwike could not come in time for y e wind was contrarie to him This presente yeare was a Parliament holden at Westminster in the whiche manye good and profitable actes for the preseruation of concord at home and defence against the enimies abroade were ordeyned and deuised Arthur of Britaigne Connestable of France and Iohn Duke of Alanson were sente by the Frenche King into Normandie with a greate army to besiege the towne of Auranches standing vpon the knoppe of an hill where after they had layen a certayne space without gayne the Lord Talbot with a valiant company of men came thither and offered the enimies battaile which when they at all hands refused the Lorde Talbot perceyuing theyr faint harts reysed his field and in the open sight of them all entred into the Towne and the next day issued out and finding the Frenchmen riding abroade to destroy the playne Countrey he compassed them about and slewe many of them and tooke diuers prisoners Although the Frenchmen gote neyther honor nor profit by this iourney yet they enterprised a greater matter as the winning of Roan in so much that Pothon de Santreiles and the
the doyng therof moued the Kyng with his dayely exclamation to take suche displeasure with hym that finally the Duke was cast into the Tower An. reg 17. George Duke of Clarence drovvned in a butte of Malmcy and therwith adiudged for a traytour and priuilye drowned in a butte of Malmesey the .xj. of Marche in the beginning of the .xvij. yeare of the kings reigne Some haue reported that the cause of thys noble mans death rose of a foolish prophesie whiche was that after king Edwarde should â—…gne one whose first letter of his name should be 〈◊〉 wherwith the K. and the Quene wee 〈◊〉 troubled began to conceiue a greaâ—… 〈◊〉 against this duke and could not be 〈…〉 had brought him to his end And as the 〈◊〉 woÌ„t to encoÌ„ber the mynds of men 〈…〉 in suche diuelish faâ—… they said afterwardâ—… that prophesie lost 〈◊〉 his effect Prophecies deuilâ—… fâ—… when after â—…ing Edward Gloucester vsurped his kingdom Other alledged that the cause of his death 〈◊〉 that the duke being destitute of a wife by y e meanes of his sister the lady Margarete Duâ—… of Burgongne procured to haue the Lady â—…y daughter heire to hir husband 〈…〉 Which mariage K. Edward enuying the prosperitie of his brother both again sayd and diâ—…rbed and therby olde malice reuiued victoriâ—… whiche the Queene and hir bloud euer â—…trusting and priuily barking at the kyngs Haâ—…ge ceassed not to encrease But sure it is y e although king Edward were consenting to his drath yet he much did both lament his infortunate chance and repent his sodeyn execution Insomuch that when any person such to hym for the pardon of malefactors condemned to death he woulde accustomably saye and openly speake Oâ—… fortunate brother for whose life not our wold make suite openly and apparantly meanyng by suche words that by the meanes of some of the nobilitie he was deceyued brought to his coÌ„fusion This duke left behynd him two yong infants begot of the body of his wife the daughter of Richard late erle of Warwike whiche children by destinie as it were or by their owne merits folowing the steps of their ancestors succeded them in like misfortune and semblable euill chaunce For Edward his heire whome K. Edward had created earle of Warwike was .xxiij. yeares after in the tyme of Henry the seuenth Edvvaâ—… of VVaâ—… sonne 〈◊〉 to Geoâ—… duke of â—…rence attaynted of treason and on the Tower hill lost his head Margarete his sole daughter maryed to sir Richard Pole knight and by Henry the .viij. restored to the name title and possessioÌ„s of the earledom of Salisbury Margaâ—…â—…resse of â—…bury was at length for treason coÌ„mitted against the sayd Henry the .viij. atteynted in open parliameÌ„t sixtie two yeres after hir father had suffred death in the tower she on the greene within the same place was beheaded In whose person dyed the very surname of Plantagenet whiche from Geoffrey Plantagenet so long in the bloud royall of this realme had florished continued After y e death of this D. by reason of great heat intemperancie of aire hapned so fierce and quicke a pestilence A greate pestilence that fifteene yeares warre paste consumed not the third parte of the people that only foure moneths myserably pitifully dispatched brought to their granes 1478 An. reg 18. The counsellors of the yong Duches of Burgongne sent to King Edwarde for ayde against the French king aboute the same time had the Quene of Engl. sente to the lady Margaret duches of Burgongne for y e preferremeÌ„t of hir brother Anthonie erle Riuers to y e yong damsel but the counsel of Flanders coÌ„sidering y t he was but an Earle of meane estate she the greatest inheritrâ—… of all Christendom at that time gaue but deafe care to so vnmeet a request To which desire if the Flemings had but giuen a lyking â—…dy outwarde semblance and with gentle wordes delayed the suit she had bin both succoâ—…d defended Whether K. Edw. was not contented with this refusall or y t he was loth to breake with the Frenche K. he wold in no wise consent to send an armie into FlaÌ„ders against y e French king but yet he sent Ambassadors to hym with louing gentle letters requiring hym to growe to some resonable order and agreement with the yong Duchesse of Burgongne or at the least to take a truce with hir at his request The ambassadors of EnglaÌ„d wer highly receiued bountifully feasted liberally rewarded but answer to their desire had they none but that shortly after the French K. wold send Ambassadors hostages and pledges to the K. of EnglaÌ„d their maister for the perfecting and concludyng of all things depending betwene theÌ„ two so that their souetaine lorde and they should haue cause to be contented and pleased These faire words were only delayes to driue tyme till hee mighte haue space to spoyle the young Damosell of hir townes and countreys And beside thys to stay king Edwarde from taking parte with hir hee wrote to him that if he would ioyne with him in ayde he should haue and â—…nioye 〈◊〉 him and hys heyres the whole countie and countrey of Flanders discharged of homage superioritie and resort to be claimed by the French K. or his successors Large offers made to the K. 〈◊〉 Englande by the French K. and further he should haue the whole duchy of Brabant wherof the French king offered at his owne cost charge to conquer .iiij. the chiefest and strongest townes within the sayd Duchye and them in quiet possession to deliuer to the K. of Englande graunting further to pay to hym x. M. angels toward his charges with munitions of warre and artillerie whiche he promysed to lende him with men and cariage for the conueyance of the same The king of England refused to make any warres agaynste those countreyes that were thus offered to him but if the Frenche King would make him partener of hys coÌ„quests in Picardie rendring to him part of the towns alredie gotten as Bolongne Monsterel and Abuile then he wold surly take his part and ayde him with men at his owne costs charges Thus passed faire wordes and golden promises betwene thâ—…se two priâ—… and in the meane time the yong duchesse of Burgongne was spoiled of hir townes castels and territories tyll at length for maintinance she condesceÌ„ded to marie w t Marâ—…ian fonne to y e â—…ror Fredâ—… that he might kepe the Wolfe from the folde King Edward in the â—…yere of his reign began more thaÌ„ he was before accustomed to seâ—…th the forfeiture of 〈◊〉 all lawes 〈◊〉 statutes 1479 An. reg 19. aswel of the 〈◊〉 of his noâ—…litie as of other gentlemen being 〈◊〉 of great possessions or abuâ—…de â—…ye furnished with goodes likewyse of merchaÌ„ts other inferior persons by reason wherof it was of all men iudged y t he wold proue hereafter a sore and a rigorous Prince among his
George Duke of Clarence and attained the Crowne George Duke of Clarence was a goodly noble prince at all points fortunate if either his owne ambition had not let him againste hys brother or the enuy of his enimies his brother againste hym For were it by the Queene and lordes of hir bloude whiche highly maligned the kings kiâ—…red as women commonly not of malice but of nature hate them whom their husbands loue or were it a proude appetite of the duke hymself intending to be king at the least wise heinous treson was there layde to his charge and finally were hee faultie were he faultlesse â—…taynted was he by Parlyamente and iudged to the deathe and there vpon hashly drowned in a hutte of Malmesey whose death kyng Ewarde albeit hee commaunded it when he wyst it was done piteously bewayled and sorowfully repented Richarde the thirde sonne The discription Richard the thirde of whome wee nowe intreate was in witte and courage â—…gall with either of them in bodie and prowes farre vnder them both little of stature yll featured of limmes crooke backed his left shoulder muche hygher than hys ryght harde fauoured of visage and suche as is in states called warlye in other men otherwyse he was malicious wrathfull enuious and from afore his byrth euer frowards It is for truth reported that the Duchesse his mother hadde so much adoe in hir trauaile that she could not be deliuered of hym vncut and that he cam into the world with the feete forward as meÌ„ be borne outward and as the fame runneth also not vntoothed whether men of hatred report aboue the truth or else that nature chaunged hir course in his beginning which in the course of his life many things vnnaturally committed None euill captain was he in the warre as to which his disposition was more metely than for peace Sundry victories had he and somtimes ouerthrewes but neuer in default as for his owne person eyther of hardinesse or politike order free was he called of dispence and somewhat aboue hys power liberall wyth lardge giftes hee gate hym vnstedfaste friendeshippe for whiche he was faine to pill and spoile in other places and gette hym stedfaste hatred Hee was close and secrete a deepe dissimuler lowly of countenaunce arrogant of harte outwardelye coumpinable wâ—…ere hee inwardelye hated not lettyng to kisse whome hee thought to kill dispitions and cruell not for euill will alwaye but offer for ambition and eyther for the surety or increase of hys estate Frend and foe was muche what indifferent where his advauntage grewe hee spared no mans deathe whose life wythstoode his purpose Hee flewe wyth his owne handes Kyng Henry the sixte The deathe of Kyng Henry the sixte being prisoner in the Tower as men constantly saide and that wythout commaundement or knowledge of the Kyng which woulde vndoubtedlye if hee hadde intended that thyng haue appointed that butcherly office to some other than his owne borne brother Some wise men also weene that his drifte couertly conueyed lacked not in helpyng forth his brother of Clarence to his deathe whiche hee resisted openly howdeit somewhat as men deemed more faintly than hee that were hartelye minded to hys wealthe And they that thus deeme thinke that hee long time in King Edwards life forest ought to be King in case that the King his brother whose life hee looked that euill diet shoulde shorten shoulde happen to deceasse as in deede hee did while his children were yong And they deeme that for this intent hee was gladde of his brothers deathe the duke of Clarence whose life must needes haue hindered hym so intending wheather the same Duke of Clarence hadde kepte hym true to his Nephewe the yong Kyng or enterprised to be King himselfe But of all this pointe is there no certaintie and who so deuineth vppon coniectures may aswell shoote to farre as to shorte Howebeit this haue I by credible enformation learned that the selfe nyght in whyche Kyng Edward dyed one Mistlebrooke long ere morning came in greate haste to the house of one Pottier dwellyng in Redecrosstreete wythout Creeplegate and when hee was wyth hastye rappyng quicklye letten in hee shewed vnto Pottier that King Edwarde was departed By my truth man quod Pottier then will my Maister the Duke of Gloucester bee King What cause hee had so to thinke harde it is to saye whether hee beeing towarde hym anye thyng knewe that hee suche thing purposed or otherwise hadde any inkeling thereof for he was not likelye to speake it of nought But nowe to retourne to the course of this hystorye were it 〈◊〉 the Duke of 〈…〉 hadde 〈◊〉 olde springâ—…ded this 〈…〉 was nowe at â—…eâ—…e 〈…〉 in hope by the occasion of the 〈◊〉 a good 〈◊〉 yong Princes has Nephewes as 〈…〉 and likel 〈◊〉 of speeds putteth a 〈…〉 rage of that hee 〈◊〉 not intendeâ—… 〈…〉 that hee contriued their destruction 〈…〉 vsurpation of theâ—…egâ—… dignitie vpon 〈◊〉 â–ª And for asmuche as hee 〈…〉 â—…wisâ—…e and 〈…〉 â—…utaâ—…e along continuâ—…digeâ—… 〈…〉 brenning beetweene the Queenes kinâ—… 〈…〉 the Kings 〈◊〉 eyther partie 〈…〉 authoritie heâ—… 〈◊〉 that 〈…〉 sion shoulde becaâ—… it was intended 〈…〉 beginnyng to the pursuite of hys intâ—… 〈◊〉 a sure grounde for the fountâ—… of all 〈◊〉 buildyng if hee mighte firste vnder the preâ—… of reuenging of 〈◊〉 displeasure abuse the anger and ignorants of the tone partie to the distruction of the â—…other and then winne to his purpose as many as he could those that could not bee wonne myght hee loste ere they 〈◊〉 therefore For of oâ—…ethyng was hee certayne that if hys intent were perceyued hee shoulde soone haue made peace betwene the bothe partieâ—… with hys owne bloude Kyng Edwarde in hys life alheit that this dissention betweene his friendes somewhat inâ—…d hym yet in his good healthe he somewhat the lesse regarded it bycause hee thought whatsoeuer busines should a fall betwene theâ—… himselfe shoulde always bee able to â—…ule â—…othe the parties But in his last sicknes when hee perceyued his naturall strengthe so sore enfeebled that hee dispaired all recouerie then hee consideryng the youth of his children alheit he pothyng lesse mistrusted than that that happened yet well foreseeing that many harmes myghte growe by their debate while the youthe of hys children shoulde lacke discretion of them selfe and good counsaile of their friendes of whiche eyther partie shoulde counsaile for their owne commoditie and rather by pleasaunt aduise to wynne themselfe fauoure than by profitable aduertisement to doo the children good hee called some of them before hym that were at vaniaunce and in especiall the Lorde Marques Dorset the Queenes sonne by his firste husband and William the Lord Hastings a noble man then Lorde Chamberlaine againe whom the Queene specially grudged for y e great fauour the King bare hym 〈…〉 and also for that she thought hym secretely familiar with the Kyng in wanton company Hir kinred also bare him sore aswell for that the Kyng hadde
naughte comparing this manner presente with this last nightes cheere in so fewe houres so great a change maruellously misliked Howbeit sith he could not get away and keepe hymselfe close he woulde not least hee shoulde seeme to hyde hymselfe for some secrete feare of hys owne faulte whereof hee sawe no suche cause in himselfe He determined vpon the suretie of hys owne conscience to goe boldly to them and inquire what this matter myghte meant whome 〈◊〉 as they sawe they began to quarrel with him and say that he intended to set distaunce betweene the King and them and to bring them to reâ—…sion but it should not lie in his power And when he began as he was a very well spoken in all in goodly wise to excuse himselfe they tarried not the ende of his aunswere The Lorde Riuers put in warde but shortly tooke hym and put him in ward and that done forthwith wente to Horsebacke and tooke the way to Stony Stratforde where they founde the King with hys companie readie to leape on Horsebacke and departe forwarde to leaue that lodging for them bycause it was to straight for both companyes And assoone as they came in his presence they lighte adowne with all theyr companie about them To whome the Duke of Buckingham sayde goe afore Gentlemen and yeomen keepe your twines And thus in a goodly aray they came to the King and on their knees in very humble will salued his grace whiche receyued them in verye ioyous and amiable manner nothing earthly knowing nor mistrusting as yet But euen by and by in his presence they piked a quarrell to the Lorde Richarde Grey The Lorde Grey the Kings other brother by his mother saying that he with y e Lorde Marques his brother and the Lord Riuers hys Vncle had compassed to 〈◊〉 the King and the Realme and to set variance among the states and to subdue and destroy the noble proud of the Realme Towarde the accomplishing whereof they sayd that the Lord Marques had entred into the Tower of London and thence taken out the Kings treasure and sente menne to the Sea All which things these Dukes wist wel were done for good purposes necessarie by the whole counsayle at London sauing that somewhat they must say Vnto whiche wordes the Kyng aunswered What my brother Marques hathe done I cannot say But in good faithe I dare well aunswere for mine vncle Riuers and my brother heere that they be innocent of anye such matter Yea my liege quoth the Duke of Buckingham they haue kept theyr dealing in these matters farre fro the knowledge of youre good grace And forthwith they arested the Lord Richard and Sir Thomas Vaughan Knighte in the Kings presence and brought the King and all backe vnto Northampton where they tooke againe further Counsell And there they sente away from the Kyng whome it pleased them and set new seruauntes about hym suche as lyked better them than him At whiche dealing hee wepte and was nothing contente but it booted not And at dinner the Duke of Gloucester sent a dish from his owne table to the Lord Riuers praying him to bee of good cheere all shoulde bee well ynough And hee thanked the Du e and prayed the messenger to beare it to his nephewe the Lord Richard with the same message for his comfort who bee thoughte hadde more neede of comforte as one to whome such aduersitie was strange But hymselfe hadde bin all hys dayes in vre therewith and therefore could beare it the better But for all thys comfortable curtesie of the Duke of Gloucester hee sente the Lorde Riuers The death of the L. Riuers and other and the Lorde Richarde with sir Thomas Vaughan into the North Countrey into dyuers places to prison and afterwarde all to Pomfraite where they were in conclusion beheaded In this wise the Duke of Gloucester tooke vpon hymselfe the order and gouernaunce of the yong Kyng whome with much honor humble reuerence hee conueyed vpwarde towarde the Citie But anone the tidyngs of thys matter came hastily to the Queene a little before the midnighte following and that in y e sorest wise that the King hir sonne was taken hir brother hir sonne and hir other friendes arrested and sent no man wist whither to bee done with GOD wot what With whyche tydyngs the Queene in greate flighte and heauinesse bewayling hyr childes raigne hir friendes mischance and hyr owne infortune damning the tyme that euer she disswaded the gathering of power about the King gate hir selfe in all the hast possible with hir yonger sonne and hir daughters out of the palace of Westminster in which she then lay into the Sanctuarie The Q taketh Sanctuary lodging hir selfe and hir coÌ„panie there in the Abbots place Nowe came there one in likewise not long after midnight fro the Lord Chamberlayne 〈◊〉 to the Archbyshoppe of Yorke then Chancellor of England to his place not farre from Westminster And for that hee shewed his seruauntes that he hadde tidings of so greate importaunce that his maister gaue him in charge not to forbeare his rest they letted not to wake hym nor hee to admitte this messenger into his beds 〈◊〉 Of whome hee hearde that these Dukes were gone backe with the Kings grace from Stonie Stratford vnto Northampton Notwithstanding Sir quoth hee my Lorde sendeth youre Lordshippe worde that there is no feare for â—…ee assureth you that all shall bee well I assure him quoth the Archebyshoppe be it as well as it vpoÌ„ â–ª it will neuer be so well as we haue seene it And therevpon by and by after the messenger departed he caused in all the hast all his seruauntes to bee called vp and so with hys owne househoâ—… about hym and euerye man weaponed he tooke the greate seale with hym and came yet before day vnto the Queene About whome he founde muche heauinesse rumble hast and businesse cariage and conueyance of hir stuffe into Sanctuarie chestes coffers packes fardels trussed all on mens backes no man vnoccupyed some lading some going some discharging some comming for more some breaking downe the walles to bring in the nexte way and some yet dâ—… to them that holp to carrrie a wrong way The Queene hir selfe sate alone 〈◊〉 on the rushes all desolate and dismayde whome the Archbyshop comforted in the best manner hee coulde shewyng hir that hee trusted the matter was nothyng so sore as she tooke it for And that hee was putte in good hope and out of feare by the message sent hym from the Lord Chamberlayne Ah wo worth him quoth she for he is one of them that laboureth to destroy 〈◊〉 my bloud Madame quoth he be yee of good cheers for I assure you if they Crowne anye other 〈◊〉 than youre sonne whome they nowe 〈◊〉 with them wee shall on the morrowe Crowne hys brother whome you haue heere with 〈◊〉 And heere is the greate scale whiche in lykewise as that noble Prince youre husband deliuered it vnto me so
afterwardes for hee neuer intended more to moue hir in that matter in which she thought that he and al other also saue hirselfe lacked eyther wit or truth Wit if they were so bull that they coulde nothing perceyue what the Protector intended truth if they should procure hee sonne to be deliuered into hys handes in whom they shoulde perceyue towarde the childe any euill intended The Queene with these wordes stood a good while in a greate studie And forasmuche as hir seemed the Cardinall more readie to depart than some of the remnant and the Protector himselfe readie at hande so that shee verily thought shee coulde not keepe him there but that he should incontinent bee taken thence and to conuey hym else where neyther had she time to serue hir nor place determined nor persoÌ„s appointed al things vnredie this message came on hir so sodainly nothing lesse looking for than to haue him set out of Sancturie which she thought to be now beset in such places about that he could not be conueyed out vntaken and partly as shee thought it myght fortune hir feare to bee false so well she wysse it was eyther needlesse or bootlesse wherefore if she should needes go from him she deemed it best to deliuer him And ouer that of the Cardinalles fayth shee nothing doubted nor of some other Lordes neyther whom she there sawe Whiche as she feared least they might be deceyued so was she well assured they woulde not bee corrupted then thought shee it shoulde yet make them the more warely to looke to him and the more circumspectly to see to his surety if she with hir own handes betooke him to them of trust And at the last she tooke the yong duke by the hande sayde vnto the Lordes My Lordes quoth shee and all my Lordes I neyther am so vnwyse to mystruste youre wyttes nor so suspitious to mystrust your truthes Of which thing I purpose to make you suche a proofe as if eyther of both lacked in you myghte turne bothe mee to greate sorowe the Realme to muche harme and you to great reproch For we heere is quoth she thys Gentleman whome I doubt not but I coulde heere keepe safe if I woulde whatsoeuer anye man saye and I doubte not also but there bee some abrode so deadly enimies vnto my bloud that if they wyst where any of it laye in theyr owne bodie they would let it out Wee haue also experience that the desire of a kingdom knoweth no kindred The brother hath beene the brothers bane and may the nephewes be sure of theyr vncle Eche of these children is the others defence while they be asunder and eche of theyr liues lieth in the others bodie Keepe one safe and both be sure and nothing for them both more perillous than to be both in one place For what wise Marchant aduentureth all his goodes in one ship All this notwithstanding here I deliuer him and his brother in him to keepe into youre handes of whom I shall aske theÌ„ both afore god and the world Faythfull ye be that wore I well and I know well you be wise Power strength to kepe him if you list neither lack ye of your self nor can lacke helpe in this cause And if ye cannot else where then may you leaue him here But only one thing I beseech you for the trust which his father put in you euer for y e trust that I put in you nowe that as farre as yee thinke that I feare too muche be you well ware that you feare not as farre too little And therewithall she sayde vnto the childe fare well mine owne sweete son God send you good keeping let me kisse you yet once ere you goe for God knoweth when wee shall kisse togither agayne And therwith she kissed him and blessed him turned hir backe wept and went hir way leauing the childe weeping as faste When the Lorde Cardinall and these other Lordes with him had receyued this yong duke they brought him into the starre Chamber where the Protector tooke him in his armes and kissed him O dissimulation with these wordes now welcome my Lord euen with all my very heart And he sayd in that of likelyhoode as he thought Therevpon forthwith they brought him vnto the king his brother into the Bishoppes Palace at Poules and from thence throughe the Citie honourably into the Tower out of the which after that day they neuer came abrode This that is heere betwene this marke * and tâ—…s marke * was not written by him in english bâ—…t is translated out of this History which he wrot in Latten When the Protector had both the children in his handes he opened himselfe more boldely both to certaine other men and also chiefly to the duke of Buckingham Although I knowe that many thought that this duke was priuy to al the Protectors counsaile euen from the beginning and some of the Protectors friends sayde that the duke was the first mouer of the Protector to this matter sending a priuie messenger vnto hym streight after king Edwards death But other againe which knew better the subtil wit of the protector denie that he euer opened his enterprise to the duke vntill he had brought to passe the things before rehearsed But when hee had imprysoned the Queenes kinsfolkes and gotten both hir sonnes into his owne handes then he opened the rest of his purpose with lesse feare to them whoÌ„ he thought meet for the matter and specially to the duke who being woon to his purpose he thought his strength more than halfe 〈◊〉 The matter was broken vnto the duke 〈…〉 till folkes and such as were their craftmaistâ—… in the handling of such wicked deuises 〈◊〉 who declared vnto him that the yong king was 〈◊〉 with him for hys kinsfolkes sake and if hee 〈◊〉 euer able he would â—…nge them Who wâ—…t pricke him forwarde therevnto if they 〈◊〉 they would remember their imprisonmeÌ„t or 〈◊〉 if they were put to death without doubt the yong king woulde bee carefull for their deathes whose imprisonment was grieuous vnto him And that with repenting the duke shoulde nothing auaile for there was no way left to redeeme his offence by benefites but he shoulde sooner destroy hymselfe than saue the king who with his brother and his kinsfolkes he sawe in such places imprisones as the Protectour myghte wyth a backe destroye them all and that it were no doubt but he would doe it in deede if there were any newe enterprise attempted And that it was likely that as the Protectour had prouided priuie garde for himselfe so hadde hee spyalles for the Duke and traynes to catche him if hee shoulde be agaynste hym and that peraduenture from them whome hee leaste suspected For the state of things and the dispositions of men were then such that a man coulde not well tell whom he might trust or whome he might feare These things and such like beyng beaten into the Dukes mynde brought him to that
and specially when they thinke to haue any comforte or fauoure tooke on them so highly and wroughte suche maisteries that the King was fayne to ride thither in his fyrste yeare and to put some in execution and stay the Countrey or else no small mischiefe had ensued Nowe fell there mischieues thicke Sir Thomas More againe And as the thing euill gotten is neuer well kepte thorough all the tyme of his reigne neuer ceassed there cenell death and slaughter till his owne destruction ended it But as hee finished his tyme with the best death and the most righteous that is to wit his owne so beganne hee with the most piteous and wicked I meane the lamentable murther of his innocent nephues the yong kyng and his tender brother whose death and final infortune hath nathelesse comen so farre in question that some remayn yet in doubt whether they were in his dayes destroyed or no. Not for that onely that Perkyn Werbecke by manye folkes malice and moe folkes folly Perkyn Werbecke so long space abusing the worlde was as well with princes as the poorer people reputed and taken for the younger of these two but for that also that all things were in late dayes so couertly demeaned one thyng pretended and another meant that there was nothing so playne and openly proued Close dealing is euer suspected but that yet for the common custom of close and couert dealyng men hadde it euer inwardly suspect as many well counterfaited Iewels make the true mystrusted Howbeit concerning the opinon with the occasions mouyng eyther partie we shall haue place more at large to intreate if we hereafter happen to write the tyme of the late noble Prince of famous memorie King HeÌ„rie the seauenth or percase that history of Perkin in any compendious processe by it selfe But in the meane time for this present matter I shal rehearse you the dolorous ende of those babes not after euery way that I haue heard but after that way that I haue so hearde by suche men and by suche meanes as me thinketh it were hard but it should be true Then all the other beeing remoued from them The yong 〈◊〉 and hys 〈◊〉 murâ—…d this Myles Forrest and Iohn Dighton about midnight the selie children lying in theyr heddes came into the chamber and suddaynely lappe them vp amoÌ„g the clothes so to bewrayâ—…ed them and intangled them keeping downe by force the fetherbed and pillowes hard vnto theyr mouthes that within a while smothered and stifled their breath fayling they gaue vnto God their innocente soules into the ioyes of Heauen leauing to the tormentors their bodyes dead in the bedde Which after that the wretches perceâ—…â—…ed firste by the strugling with the paines of death and after long lying still to bee throughly dead they layde theyr bodyes naked out vppon the bed and fetched Sir Iames to see them whiche vpon the sight of them caused those murtherers to burie them at the staire foote meetely deepe in the grounde vnder a greate heape of stones Then rode Sir Iames in great hast to Kyng Richarde and shewed him all the maner of the murther who gaue him greate thankes and as some say there made hym Knight But he allowed not as I haue hearde the burying in so vile a corner saying that hee would haue them buryed in a better place bycause they were a Kings sonnes Loe the honorable courage of a King Wherevpon they say that a Priest of S. Robert Brakenbery tooke vp the bodyes againe and secretely enterred them in suche place as by the occasion of his deathe whiche onely knew it could neuer since come to light Very troth is it and wel knowen that at such time as sir Iames Tirrell was in the Tower for treason coÌ„mitted against the most famous Prince King Henrye the seauenth both Dighton and he were examined and confessed the murther in manner aboue written but whether the bodyes were remoued they could nothing tell And thus as I haue learned of theÌ„ that much knewe and little cause had to lie were these two noble Princes these innocent tender childreÌ„ borne of most royal bloud brought vp in great wealthe likely long to lyue raigne and rule in the Realm by trayterous tirannie taken depriued of their estate shortlye shut vp in prison and priuily slayne and murthered their bodies cast God wot where by the cruell ambition of their vnnaturall vncle and his dispiteous tormentors Which things on euery parte well pondered God neuer gaue thys world a more notable example neyther in what vnsuretie standeth this worldly weale or what mischiefe worketh the proude enterprise of an high heart or finally what wretched ende ensueth such dispiteous crueltie For first to beginne with the Ministers Myles Forrest at Saint Marâ—… peâ—…le 〈◊〉 away Dighton indeede yet walketh 〈◊〉 alyue in good possibilitie to be hanged are hee dye But Sir Iames Tyrrell dyed at the Tower hill beheaded for treason King Richarde himselfe as yee shall heereafter heare slayne in the fielde hacked and hewed of his enimies handes haried on Horsebacke dead his heade in despite torne and tugged like a curre dogge And the mischiefe that hee tooke within lesse than three yeares of the mischiefe that hee did And yet all the meane time spente in muche payne and trouble outwarde muche feare anguish and sorowe within For I haue hearde by credible reporte of suche as were secret with hys Chamberlayne that after thys abhominable deede done hee neuer hadde quiet in hys minde The out and inward troubles of tiranâ—… Hee neuer thoughte hymselfe sure Where hee wente abroade hys eyeâ—… whitled about hys body priuily fenced hys hande euer vppon hys dagger hys countenaunce and manner lyke one alwayes readye to strike agayne hee tooke ill rest anyghtes â—…y long wakyng and musing sore weeryed with care and watche rather slumbered than slepte troubled with fearefull dreames suddaynely sometyme stert vppe lepte out of hys bedde and ranne aboute the chamber so was hys restlesse hearte continuallie tossed and tumbled with the tedious impression and stormie remembraunce of his abhominable deede Nowe hadde he outwarde no long â—…yme in rest For heerevpon soone after beganne the conspiracie or rather good confederation betweene the Duke of Buckingham and many other Gentlemen agaynste hym The occasion wherevpon the Kyng and the Duke fell out is of dyuers folke dyuers wyse pretended Thys Duke as I haue for certayne beene enformed as soone as the Duke of Gloucester vppon the deathe of Kyng Edwarde came to Yorke and there hadde solemne funerall seruice for Kyng Edwarde sente thither in the most secrete wise he coulde one Persall his trustie seruaunte who came to Iohn Warde a Chamberer of lyke secrete trust with the Duke of Gloucester desiring that in the most close and couerte manner hee myghte be admitted to the presence and speeche of hys maister And the Duke of Gloucester aduertised of hys desire caused hym in the dead of the nyghte after all other folke auoyded
of Yorke and Lancaster I shall likewise not only declare and manifest vnto you al my open actes attemptes and doings but also my priuie entents and secret cogitations To the intent that as you haue vnbuckeled youre bouget of your priuie meanings secrete purposes to me so shal all my clowdy workyng close deuises and secrete imaginations bee as cleere as the sunne reuealed opened and made lightesome to you And to beginne I declare That when King Edwarde was deceased to whome I thought my selfe little or nothing beholden although we two hadde maried two sisters bycause he neither promoted nor preferred me as I thought I was worthy and had deserned neither fauored nor regarded me according to my degree and birthe for surely I had by him little authoritie and lesse rule and in effect nothing at all which caused me lesse to fauour his children bycause I founde small humanitie or none in their parent I then began to study and with rype deliberation to ponder and to consider howe and in what manner this Realme should be ruled gouerned And first I remembred an olde prouerbe worthy of memorie that often ruith the Realme where children rule and women gouerne This olde adage so sanke and settled in my head that I thought it a great error and extreame mischiefe to the whole realme either to suffer the yong Kyng to rule or the Queene his mother to be a gouernoure once him considering that hir breethren and hir firste children although they were not extract of hygh and noble lynage toke more vpon them more exalted themselues by reason of the Queene than did the Kings breethren or anye Duke in his Realme which in conclusion turned to their confusion Then I beeing perswaded with my selfe in this poynt thought it necessarie both for the publique profitable wealth of this Realme and also for myne owne commoditie and emolument to take parte with the Duke of Gloucester whome I assure you I thought to bee as cleane without dissimulation as tractable without iniurie as merciful without crueltie as now I know him perfectly to be a dissembler without veritie a Tyraunt without pitie yea and worse than the tyraunt Phâ—…leres destitute of all trueth and clemencie and so by my meanes at the first Counsayle holden at London when hee was most suspected of that thing that after happened as you my Lord know well ynough hee was made Protector and defender both of the King and of the Realme whiche authoritie once gotten and the two children partly by policie brought vnder his gouernaunce bee beeing moued with that gnawing and couetous serpente desired to raigne and neuer ceassed priuily to exhort and require yea and sometimes with minatorie tearmes to perswade mee and other Lordes as well spirituall as temporall that hee might take vppon him the Crowne till the Prince came to the age of foure and twenty yeares and were able to gouerne the Realme as a rype and sufficient King which thing when he sawe mee somewhat sticke at both for the strangenesse of the example bycause no suche president had bene seene and also bycause we remembred that men once ascended to the highest tipe of honour and authoritie will not gladly discende againe hee then brought in instruments autentike doctors proctors and notaries of the law with depositions of diuers witnesses testifying King Edwards children to be basterds whiche depositioÌ„s then I thought to be as true as now I knowe them to be fayned and testifyed by persons with rewards vntruely subornate When the said depositions were before vs redde and diligently hearde he stoode vp bareheaded saying Well my lords euen as I and you sage and discrete counsaylers would that my nephew shoulde haue no wrong so I pray you do me nothing but righte For these witnesses and sayings of famous doctors being true I am onely the vndubitate heire to Lord Richard Plantagenet Duke of Yorke adiudged to bee the verye heire to the Crowne of this Realme by authoritie of Parliament whiche things so by learned men to vs for a veritie declared caused me and other to take him for our lawfull and vndoubted Prince and soueraigne Lord. For well wee knew that the Duke of Clarence sonne by reason of the attaynder 〈◊〉 his father was disabled to inherite and also the Duke himselfe was named to be a basterd as I my selfe haue heard spoken and that vpon great presumptions more times than one so agayne by my ayde and fauoure hee of a protector was made a King and of a subiect made a gouernor at whiche time hee promised me on his fidelitie laying his hande in mine at Baynard Castell that the two yong Princes should liue and that he would so prouide for them and so maynteine them in honorable estate that I and all the Realme ought and shoulde bee content But when he was once Crowned Kyng and in full possession of the whole Realme he cast away his olde conditions as the adder doth hir skinne verifying the olde prouerbe Honours change manners as the parishe Prieste remembreth that hee was neuer parish clearke For when I my selfe sued to hym for my parte of the Earle of Hare-fords landes whiche his brother King Edwarde wroÌ„gfully deteyned and withheld from me and also required to haue the office of the high Connestableship of Englande as diuers of my noble auncesters before this time haue hadde and in long discent continued in this my first sure shewing his good mind toward me he did not only firste delay me and afterward denay mee but gaue me such vnkynd words with such taunts and retauntes yee in manner checke and checke mate to the vttermost proofe of my pacience as though I had neuer furthered him but hindered him as though I had put him downe and not set hym vp yet all these ingratitudes and vndeserued vnkindnesse I bare closely and suffered paciently and couertly remembred outwardly dissimuling that I inwardly thoughte and so with a paynted countenaunce I passed the laste summer in his last companie not without many faire promises but withoute anye good deedes But when I was credibly enformed of y e death of the two yong innocents his owne naturall nephewes contrarie to his faith and promise to the which God be my iudge I neuer agreed nor condiscended O Lord how my veynes panted how my body trembled and my heart inwardly grudged in somuch that I so abhorred the sight and muche more the companie of him that I coulde no longer abide in his Courte excepte I should be openly reuenged The ende whereof was doubtfull and so I fayned a cause to depart and with a merrie countenaunce and a despitefull heart I tooke my leaue humbly of him he thinking nothing lesse than that I was displeased and so returned to Brecknock to you But in that iourney as I returned whether it were by the inspiracion of the holy Ghost or by Melanculous disposition I had diuers and sundry imaginacions howe to depriue this vnnaturall vncle and bloudy
they prouided for the Lazee to keepe him oute of the Citizen 〈◊〉 clapping of â—…ysshes and ryligion of â—…rtâ—…s to the great trouble of the Littâ—…s and also to the daungerous infection of manye that they shoulde bee remoued at home at their present with seuerall pensionâ—… Now after this godâ—… 〈◊〉 to taken the citizens by such means as may truised willing to further y e lande the report therof man made 〈◊〉 y e 〈…〉 hereof was not onely willing to graunt suche as shoulde be the ouersiers and gouernors of the said houses a corporation and authoritie for the gouernement thereof but also required that he might bee accounted as the chiefe sounder and patrone thereof And for the furtherâ—…unce of she sayde worke King Edwarde the sixth founder of the hospitals in London and continuall maintenaunce of the same he of his meere mercie and goodnesse graunted that where before certaine landes were giuen to the maintenaunce of the house of the Sanoy founded by King Henrie the seauenth for the lodging of pilgrimes and straungers and that the same was nowe made but a lodging of loyterers vagabondes and strumpets that laye all daye in the fields and at night were harboured there the which was rather the mayntenance of beggerie than the reliefe of the poore gaue the same landes being first surrendred into his hands by the Maister and felowes there whiche landes were of the yearely value of sixe hundreth poundes vnto the Citie of London for the maintenaunce of the foundation aforesayde And for a further reliefe a petition being made to the Kings maiestie for a licence to take in mortmayne or otherwise without licence landes to a certaine yearely value and a space left in the patent for his Grace to put in what summe it woulde please him he looking on the voyde place called for penne and ynke and with his owne hande wrote this summe in these wordes Foure thousande markes by yeare and then sayde in the hearing of his Counsaile A blessed king Lord God I yeelde thee most heartie thanks that thou hast giuen mee life thus long to finishe this worke to the glorie of thy name After whiche foundation established he liued not aboue two dayes Sir William Chester Iohn Calthrop Draper By example of whiche acte of this vertuous yong king sir William Chester Knight and Alderman of London and Iohn Ealthrop Citizen and Draper of the sayd Citie at their own proper costes and charges made the brickwals and want on the backeside that leadeth from the sayde new hospitall vnto the hospitall of Saint Bartholomewes and also couered and vanted the towne ditch from Aldersgate to Newgate which before was very noisome and contagious vnto the sayde Hospitall Richard Castel shoomaker This Hospitall being thus erected and put in good order there was one Richarde Castell alias Castellee shown mater dwelling in Westminster a man of great tâ—…ile and labor in his facultie with his owne handes and suche a one as was named the Edeke of Westminster for that both Winter and Sommer as was at his worke before foure of the clock in the morning This maÌ„ thus truly and painfully laboring for his liuing God blessed and increased his â—…hocâ—… so abundantly that heputt hâ—…sed lands and 〈◊〉 in Westminster to the yearely value of xliiij â—… And hauing no childe with the consent of his wife who also yet liueth and is a vertuous and good woman gaue the same landes wholye to Christes hospitall aforesayde to the reliefe of the innocent and fatherlesse children and for the succor of the miserable sore and sicke harboured in the other hospitals about London whose example God graunt many to followe About this time there were three notable ships set forth and furnished for the great aduenture of the vnknowne voyage into the East by y e north seas The great doer and encourage of which voiage was Sebastian Caboto an EnglishmeÌ„ Sebastian Caboto born at Bristow but was the sâ—… of a Genawaies These ships at the last arriued in the couÌ„trie of Moscouia not without great lusse danger namely of their captaine who was a worthie aduenturous gentleman called sir Hugh Willough by knight who being tossed and driuen by tempest hernous at the last founde in his ship frosen to death and all his people But now the sayde voyage and trade is greatly aduaunced and the merchants aduenturing that waye are newly by acte of Parliament incorporated and moued with sundrie priuiledges and liberties About the beginning of the moueth of Maye next following Three noâ—… mariages there were three notable mariages concluded and shortlye after solemnised at Durham place The first was betweene the Lorde Guilforde Dudley the fourth sonne of the Duke of Northumberlande and the Ladie Iane eldest daughter of Henrie Duke of Suffolke and the Ladie Frauncis his wife was the daughter of Marye seconde sister to king Henrie the eyght first married to Lewes the Frenche King and after to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolke The seconde mariage was betweene the Lorde Harbert sonne and heyre of William Earle of Pembroke and the Ladie Katherine second daughter of the said Lady Francis by the said Henrie Duke of Suffolke And the thirde was betweene Henrie Lorde Hastings sonne and heyre of Frauncis Earle of Huntington and Katherine yongest daughter of the Duke of Northumberlande which three mariages were â—…mpassed and concluded chieflye vppon purpose to chaunge and alter the order of succession to the Crowne made in the tyme of King Henrie the eyght from the saide Kings daughters Marye and Elizabeth and to conuey the same immediatlye after the death of King Edwarde to the house of Suffolke in the right of the sayde Ladie Fraunces wherein the sayde yong King was in â—…most trauaylee in the time of his sickenesse and all for feare that if his sister Marie being next heire to the Crowne shoulde succeede that she would subuert all his lawes and statutes made conuerning religion whereof he was most carefull for the continuance whereof he sought to establishe a meete order of succession by the alliaunce of great houses by way of mariage which neuerthelesse were of no force to serue his purpose For tending to the disherison of the rightfull heyres they proued nothing prosperous to the parties for two of them were soone after made frustrate the one by death the other by diuorce In the meane whyle the King became euery day more sicker than other of a consumption in his lungs so as there was no hope of his recouerie wherevppon those that then bare chiefe authoritie in Counsayle with other Prelates and Nobles of the Realme called to them diuerse notable persons learned as well in Diuinitie as in the lawes of the lande namely Bishops Iudges and other fell to consultation vpon this so weightie case and lastly concluded vpon the deuise of King Edwardes will to declare the sayde Ladie Iane eldest neece to K. Henrie the eyght and wife to the sayde Lorde Gullforde
were set vp in London for a terrour to the common sort bycause the white coates beeing sent out of the Citie as before ye haue heard reuolted from the Queenes parte to the ayde of Wyat twentie payre of Gallowes on the which were hanged in seuerall places to the number of fiftie persons which Gallowes remayned standing there a great part of the Sommer following to the greate griefe of good Citizens and for example to the Commotioners The .xij. day of Februarie next following the Ladie Iane of Suffolke The execution of Ladie Iane and the Lorde Guilforde and the Lord Guilforde hir husband who before as you haue heard were attainted of treason the one for the vsurpation of the estate royall as Queene the other as a principall adherent to hir in that case according to the iudgement gyuen agaynst them suffred execution of death that is to witte hee at the Tower hill vpon the Scaffolde and shee within the Tower whose deathes were the rather hastened for that the Duke of Suffolke father to this Ladie had of late as ye haue hearde raysed a newe sturre and commotion in the Countrey which was the shortening of hir lyfe who else was like ynough to haue beene pardoned This noble yong Ladie endued with singular giftes both of learning and knowledge as pacient and milde as any lambe came to the place of hir execution and a little before hir death vttered these woordes Good people I am come hither to die The wordes of the Ladie Iane at hir death and by a lawe I am condemned to the same My offence agaynst the Queenes highnesse was onely in consent to the deuice of other which nowe is deemed treason but it was neuer of my seeking but by counsail so those who shoulde seeme to haue further vnderstanding of things than I whiche knewe little of the lawe and much lesse of the tytles to the crowne But touching the procurement and desire thereof by mee or on my behalfe I doe washe my handes in innocencie thereof before God and the face of all you good Christian people thys daye and therewith she wrung hir handes wherein shee hadde hir Booke Then sayde shee I pray you all good Christian people to beare me witnesse that I dye a true Christian woman and that I looke to be saued by none other meanes but onelye by the mercie of God in the bloud of hys onelye sonne Iesus Christ and I confesse that when I did knowe the worde of God I neglected the same and loued my selfe and the worlde and therefore this plague and punishment is iustly and woorthily happened vnto mee for my sinnes and yet I thanke God of hys goodnesse that hee hath gyuen mee a tyme and respyte to repente And nowe good people whyle I am aliue I pray you assyst mee wyth your prayers and then kneelyng downe shee sayde the Psalme of Miserere mei Deus in Englishe and then stoode vppe and gaue hir Mayde called mystresse Eleyne hir Gloues and Handkercheffe and hir Booke shee also gaue to Maister Bruges then Lieutenaunt of the Tower and so vntyed hir Gowne and the executioner pressed to helpe hir off wyth it but she desleed him to let hir alone and turned hir towardes hir two Gentlewomen who helped hir off therewith and with hir other attyres and they gaue hir a fayre handkercheffe to put aboute hir eyes Then the Executioner kneeled downe and asked hir forgiuenesse whome shee forgaue moste willingly then hee willed hir to stande vppon the strawe which done she saw the blocke and then shee sayde I praye you dispatche mee quickly Then shee kneeled downe saying will you take it off before I laye mee downe wherevnto the Executioner aunswered no Madame then tyed shee Handkercheffe aboute hir eyes and feeling for the Blocke shee sayde where is it where is it One of the standers by guyded hir therevnto and shee layde downe hir heade vppon the Blocke and then stretched foorth hir bodye and sayde Lorde into thy handes I commende my spirite and so finished hir lyfe in thys yeare of our Lorde one thousande fiue hundred fiftie and foure the twelfth daye of Februarie The same day a little before this yong Ladyes execution the Lorde Guylforde hir husbande who was a very comely tall Gentleman being executed on the skaffold at the Tower hill as afore is sayde his dead carkasse lying in a cart in straw was again brought into the tower at y e same instant y t the lady Iane went to hir death within the Tower before hir face whiche miserable sight was to hir a double sorrow and grief Thus as sayeth Maister Foxe was beheaded the Ladie Iane and with hir also the Lorde Guilford hir husband one of the D. of NorthuÌ„berlands sonnes two inuocents in comparison of them that satte vpon them for they did but ignorantly accept that which the others had wyllingly deuised by open Proclamation consented to take from others and giue to them And verily howe vnwilling shee was to take it vppon hir there are yet luring that can testifie Iudge Morgan that gaue the sentence ogainst hir shortly after fell mad and in hys rauing cryed continuallye to haue the Ladie Iane taken away from him and so ended his life Vpon Saterday being the .xvij. of Februarye the Duke of Suffolke was arraigned at Westminster Earle â—â— Duke of â—â—ke and there coÌ„demned to die by his Peeres the Earle of Arundell being that day chiefe Iudge Where some haue written that hee shoulde at his laste going downe into the Countrey make Proclamation in his daughters name that is not so for where as he stoode by in Leicoster when by his commaundement the Proclamation was there made against the Queenes maryage with the Prince of Spain c. Maister Damport then Maior of that towne saide to him My Lorde I trust your grace meaneth no hurt to the Queenes Maiestie no saith he M. Maior laying his hande on his sword he that would hir any hurt I wold this sword were through his heart for shee is the mercifullest prince as I haue truely founde hir y t euer raigned in whose defence I am and will be readie to die at hir foote â—â—xe On Monday the .xix. of Februarie the Lorde Cobhams three sonnes and four other meÌ„ were brought to Westminster the yongest of the Cobhams to witte maister Thomas Cobham was condemned with the other four men but the other two Cobhams came not to the bâ—â—re Vppon the Wednesday the .xxj. of Februarie the Lord Thomas Gray that had bene taken as before ye haue heard in Wales was brought togither with sir Iames Croft through London to the tower by a number of horsemen Then the duke kneeled vppon his knees and saide the Psalme Miserere mei Deus vnto the end belong vp his hands and loking vp to heauen And when he had ended the Psalme be said In manus tunt domine commendo spiritum meum Then he arose and stoode vp and deliuered his cap and
North seas were led from Southwarke to Wapping and fiue of them were there hanged the other two had theyr pardon at the gallowes The .xvij. of Aprill Foure women on the Pillory a Chandlers wife without Aldredes gate of London who had practised hir husbandes death by poysoning and other wayes was set on the Pyllorie in Cheape wyth three other women who had beene of hir counsayle two of them were wyth hir there whipped Our Queene at the request of hir cousin the yong King of Scottes appoynted sir William Drurie knight marshal of Barwike to passe into Scotland with a thousande souldiours and fiue hundred Pioners and also certaine peeces of Artillerie to helpe by siege and force of Canon to constrayne those that kepte the Castell of Edenbourgh agaynst the sayde King to yeelde the same into his handes Herevpon the sayde sir William Dunrie hauing with him sir Frauncis Russell sir George Carie sir Henrie Lee maister Thomas Cecill maister Michaell Carie Captaine Brickwell Captaine Read Captaine Erington maister of the Ordinance and Prouost Marshall captaine Pickman captaine Yaxley Captaine Game Captaine Wood Captaine Case Captayne Strelley maister Thomas Sutton maister Cotton maister Kelway maister Dier maister Tilney and others with the number of the souldiours and Pioners afore mentioned passed frō Barwik and by conuenient iourneys came vnto Lieth from whence the .xxv. of Aprill all the foote bandes marched to Edenbourgh at whom were shot after they entred the towne dyuerse and sundrie Canon shottes out of the Castell which did little harme to any of them thankes be to God sauing that captaine Brickwell was hurt in the face and handes with stones raysed by the sayde Canon shotte The same day the Castell was sommoned by a Messenger in maner as followeth Sir William Kirkaudie sometyme of Graunge knight for as muche as the Queenes Maiestie my soueraigne Ladie vpon the earnest request of hir deare cousin the King of Scottes your soueraigne Lorde made to hir highnesse by his Regent Nobilitie and states of this realme after all good meanes vsed to haue reduced you to dutifull obedience of his authoritie by treatie which hitherto you haue not duly hearkned vnto to the only hinderance of the vniuersall peace in this realme by withholding that his highnesse Castell meaning as it seemeth to reserue the same for a receptacle of forraine forces to the manifest daungers both of this Realme and of my soueraignes and therefore necessarie to remoue so perillous a danger to both the realmes for which consideration hir maiestie hath sente hir ayde and succours of men Ordinaunce and Munition vnder my charge and leading for the expugnation and recouerie of the sayde Castell to the sayde Kings vse and behoofe and therefore according to hir Maiesties commaundement and Commission this shall be in due maner to warne require and sommon you that you render and delyuer the sayde Castell wyth the whole Ordinance Artillerie Munitions Iewels Householde stuffe and suche other implements within the same to mee to the vse and behoofe of the King your soueraigne and his regent in his name immediately after this my letter of sommons or knowledge of the same shall come vnto you which if you obey as of duetie you ought then will I in hir Maiesties name interpone my selfe to trauaile with the Regent Counsaile and Nobilitie here for the safetie of your lyues c. Otherwise if you continue in your former obstinacie abyding the Canon then no further to looke for grace or fauour but you and the rest within that Castell to be pursued to the vttermost and holden as enimies to hir maiestie your owne soueraigne and Countrey Yeuen at Edenburgh by me sir William Drurie knight generall of hir Maiesties forces nowe in Scotlande thys .xxv. of Aprill .1573 The Lorde of Graunge Captaine of the Castell notwithstanding this sommonance refused vtterly to yeelde the fortresse who therevpon receyued such aunswere from the Generall as stoode not greatly to his contentation Here vpon were the Pioners set in hande to cast Trenches and to rayse Mountes in places conuenient to plant the Ordinaunce vpon as by the draught of the plot therof and herevnto annexed may appeare They within spared not to bestow such shot as they had both great and small verie roundly as well at the Pioners as souldiours that were appoynted to garde them insomuch that dyuerse were hurt and some slaine before the same Trenches and Mountes might bee brought to any perfection although no diligence was wanting to hasten the same Amongst other one Duberie Lieutenant to Captaine Strelley was striken with a small shot the first day that the siege thus began and dyed of the hurt The last of Aprill also one maister Maunsfield a gentleman seruing vnder captaine Read was hurt but yet without daunger of death The .viij. of May maister Neuill a Pencioner was also hurt Thus diuerse were hurt and some slaine both Englishmen and Scottes without and they within escaped not altogither free especially after that the Trenches and Mountes were brought in state to defende the assaylantes who watching and warding in the trenches answered them within the Castell verie roughly At length the great Ordinance was placed on the Mountes and in the Trenches so that vpon the .xvij. of May there were .xxx. Canons shotte off agaynst the Castell and so well bestowed in bat◅erle at Dauids tower Dauids tower that by the ruynes thereof then and after the force of the English Canons was easie to consider The xviij.xix and xx of May the Canons and demir Canons were not ydle but the .xxj. the whole batterie beganne on eche side the Castell from the Trenches and Mountes verie hotely The batterie begon on eche side the castel and still tury within ceassed not to make answere againe with their artillerie killing and hurting diuerse both Englishmen and Scottes but such was the diligence of the English Gunners encouraged wyth the presence of the Generall and others that they displaced the Ordinaunce in the Castell and stroke one of theyr chiefe Canons iust in the mouth whereby the same was broken in peeces and the shyuers flue aboute their eares that stoode neare it by reason whereof the Englishmen rested the more in quiet continually after so long as the siege endured Albeit with theyr small shotte and some tyme wyth theyr great Peter Burford and Clement Wood gunners slaine they wythin slue and hurt dyuerse as well Gunners as other of the Englishmen and Scottes in the Mountes and Trenches The .xxvj. of May the Assault was giuen at seuen of the clocke in the morning to the Spurre The Spurre woonne which by the hardie manhoode of the assaylants was woonne and was no sooner entred by the Englishmen but that the Generals ensigne was shewed and spred vpon the front and toppe thereof to the great discomfort of them within the Castell In the meane tyme whylest those were appoynted to gyue the assault thus to the Spurre there were certaine Englishe
Cunidagâ—…us with an armie 21.13 Margan with his armie discomfited and slayn 21.24 Maesbell battaile fought against the Saxons 122.94 Mariguane Charles ambassadour from the French king 1436 55. Martinus Lieutenant of Britaine defendeth the innocencie of the Britaines against Paulus the Notarie 94.77 Martinus the LieutenaÌ„t slayeth himselfe 95.11 Maximianus beginneth hys reigne ouer Britayne 95.34 Maximianus cousin to the Emperour Constantinus sent for into Britayne from Rome 93.27 Maximianus commeth into Britayne and marryeth Octauius daughter 93.53 Maserfield field fought by the Mercians agaynst the Northumbers 170.7 Maximinianus goeth about to depose his sonne Mareutius and to take himselfe the Empire vpon him 91.11 Maximinianus fleeth vnto Constantinus into Fraunce 91.30 Maximinianus practiseth CoÌ„stantinus destruction 91.23 Maximinianus fleeth from Constantinus vnto Marsiles 91.42 Maximinianus strangled to death 91.46 Maximinus Lieutenant in Britaine vnder Constantinus 92.53 Maurice sonne to Conan Meridock sent to Rome for Maximianus 93.37 Maude Empresse disherited for marrying out of the Realme 365.55 Malcolme Camoir established in the Crowne of Scotland 275.61 Marshal Richard dyeth of a fall from his horse 701.5 Manlius younger brother to Mempricius rebelleth 17.72 Manlius slaine 17.76 Malcolme commeth into England to see King William Rufus 324.53 Malcolme inuadeth England with aâ—… armie 324.63 Malcolme slaine 324.67 Marcharus or Malcherus sonne to Earle Algar made Earle of Northumberland 279 25. Marcharus and Edwyn discomfited by the Norwegians neere to Yorke 284.65 Marcharus submitteth himselfe to King William 291.59 Malus Catulus Roger Vice chauncellour drowned 522.111 Mat. Westm reproued of errour 323.9 Maude wyfe to King William crowned Queene of England 299.18 Margaret Countesse of Salisbury attainted 1570.50 Marshâ—…ll William buryed in the new Temple Church at London 617.23 Mascutius an Archpirate sweareth to be true to King Edgar 231.78 I le of Man conquered 923.10 a. Malgo Nephue to Aurelius Canonus beginneth to raigne ouer Britaine 141.69 Malgo renoumed for beautie and courage 141.74 Malgo dyeth 140.90 Malgo defyled with incest and Sodomitrie 141.84 Maglocunus looke Malgo. Matt. Westin cyted 143.23 and. 153.17 and. 180.78 and. 192.95 and. 213.62 Malesert Castle taken 433.31 Malorie Aukctille 435.21 Malcolme King of Scottes doeth homage to king William of Englande for the Realme of Scotland 307.61 and. 322.53 Malelot 1038.7 b. Marleswyn fleeth into Scotland 298.64 Marshal William Earle of Pembroke dyeth 638.3 Margaret y e Scottish Queene fleeth into England with her newe husband the Earle of Angus 1498.40 returneth into Scotland 1503.30 Maydes drowned or slayne as they were sayling into lytle Britaine 95.104 Mare Tyrrhenum taken for Pyreticum 13.44 London Maior keepeth no feast at the Guild Hal. 1870.21 and. 1872.34 Magdalen a Priest like to king Richard the secoÌ„d pa. 1126. col 1. lin 36. counterfeited to be K. Richard pag. 1127. col 1. lin 19. fleeyng into Scotlandâ—… was taken and brought to the Towre of London pag. 1129. col 1. lin 24. beheaded at London pag. ibidem col ibidem lin 30. Margaret daughter to Henry the seuenth affâ—…ed to Iames the fourth king of Scotland 1456.38 is maryed to the king of Scots 1458.24 Martia wyfe to Guintolinus 28.99 Martia gouerneth Britayne in her sonnes nonage 29.23 Martian lawes first deuised 29.31 Mary daughter to Henry the seuenth promised to Charles king of Castill 1461.10 Maruey Henry knight Vice Chamberlaine made Lorde priuie seale and Lord Maruey 1524.15 Margaret daughter vnto Margaret the Scottishe Queene borne 1498. Matthew Cardinall of Sion Ambassadour from the Emperour 1499.51 Mandubracius sonne to Imanuentius fleeth to Cesar for succour 42.59 Margaret daughter to the French king affianced to Henry sonne to king Henrye the second 398.21 399.71 Marion Henry Counsellour to Prince Arthur 1456.56 Manswetus the Popes Nuncio sent to Henry the thyrde 750.18 Marueilous tempest of wynde on Christmas euen 199.61 Marishe William conspireth the kings death 654.46 Maior and Aldermen of London sworne to be true to king Henry the thyrde 761.58 Marshal William made Erle of Chepstow 475.51 Madoc of Wales taken prisoner 811.57 b. Marble stone brought out of Scotland 822.51 a. Magna Carta confirmed 830.50 a 834.30 b. Maximilian the Emperour elected knight of the Garter 1837.40 Magna Carta confirmed 914.35 b. Manus Citie and Castle taken and throwen downe 543.58 Marlbrough Castle rased by the friendes of king Henrie the third 611.67 Mathew Gourney pag. 1124 col 2. lin 55. Maior of London imprisoned 1081.50 a. Manner of fasting in the olde tyme. 175.7 Maldon battayle fought by the Danes against the Englishmen 238.54 Marshal William created Erle of Striguile and girded with the Swoorde of the same 545.37 Maluoylim Castle builded 326.13 Marchants sustayne great losses 1872.51 Machaire Castle in Fraunce wonne 627.10 Marke Castle betrayed and recouered agayne 1008.2 b. Earle Marshall giueth his inheritance to the king 839.39 a. Eustace Marwell reuolteth 901.13 a. Marius erecteth a stone in token of victorie ouer the Picts 67.73 Marius dyeth and is buried at Caerleil 68.10 Malcolne king of Cumberland sweareth to be true to king Edgar 231.78 Maundeuile Geffray 377.42 Marriage of Priestes absolutely forbidden in England 340.43 Marchenelaghe 29.38 Earle Marshal aydeth the Queene 877.55 b. Maunt taken by the English pag. 1198. col 2. lin 10. Marmion Robert slaine 380.60 Margerie Iordaine witch pa. 1268. co 2. lin 1.9 William Marques of Gulike made Earle 903.50 a. Manâ—…el Iohn Person of Maydstone 660.84 Mategriffon Castle in Sicile buylded by king Richard the first 489.17 Maior and AldermeÌ„ of London made knights 1033.16 a. Matt. Westmin cited 131.59 and. 140.54 Marie Countesse of Perch drowned by shipwracke 357 107. Maundeuile William Earle of Albemarke dyeth 480.44 Mansell Iohn Chaplein to Henrie the thyrd feasteth two kings and two Queenes 743.32 Mary daughter to Henry the seuenth married to Lewes the French king 1495.37 is crowned Queene of Fraunce 1496.29 married to Charles Duke of Suffolke 1497.58 and. 7. Manleon Sauary Lâ—â—utenant in Guyeâ—…ne 619.47 Malmesburie Castle besieged and deliuered 386 65. Marchaâ—…us released out of prison 315.17 Maude the Queene wife to king William dyeth 315.92 Marriage concluded betwixt the Prince of Rothsâ—…y and the Duke of Suffolkes daughter pag. 1407. col 1. lin 3. Marcell or Marcell William taken and kept prisoner in Wallingfoord Castle 380.8 Madan sonne to Lâ—â—â—â—us vndertaketh the gouernment of Britaine 17.52 Madan deuoured by wylde beastes 17.57 Madan Caister or Dancaster builded by Madan 17.60 Mariage concluded to be had betweene the French kings sonne and king Iohns neece 548.27 Maus deliuered to the English pag. 1225. col 2. lin 21. lost by the English pag. 1238. col 1. lin 40. agayne recouered by the English pag. 1238. col 2. lin 40. Maximianus persecuteth the Christians 95.42 Maximianus proclaimed Emperour in Britayne 95.60 Maximianus goeth ouer into Fraunce with an armie 95. Maximilian Duke of Burgoin imprisoned by the Citizens of Bruges 1435.4 subdueth the Rebels 1438.20 defrauded of the heyre of Britayne 1439.4 Maglanus Duke of Albania marrieth Regan
that the monumēts of Claudius with the superscription of his name should be taken away and in place therof the armes of king Arthur with his name to be set vp commanding the place to be called Arthurs hoif as ye woulde say Arthurs Courte Arthurs hoife Moreouer king Edward at his returning into Englād The Marble chaire is conueyd into Englande placed in Westminster toke the chaire of Marble with him and causing it to be conueyd vp to London dyd place it at Westminster where it remaineth yet vnto this daye Furthermore before his departure out of Scotlād he apointed al the Scottish lordes to assemble at Scone where he caused them to take a newe othe The nobilitie of Scotlande sworn to king Edward that from thencefoorth they shoulde take him for their soueraigne lord to obey him in al things as loyal subiects All the nobilitie of Scotlande was sworne to hym that daye Wallace onely excepted who eschewed more than the companye of a serpent Wallace esch◅eth to agree with the Englishmen to haue any thing to doe with the Englishmen touching any agreement to be made with them agreeable to their desires Moreouer to kepe the Scottes from rebellion king Edwarde ordeyned Odomare de Valence to be gouernor there as his general lieutenaunt ouer the whole realme of Scotlande in his absēce Odomare or Aymer de Valence go◅ernour◅ of Scotlande vnder king Edwarde And hauing thus set al things in good and quiet order as he supposed he returned into Englande with great ioy and triumph In the meane time Iohn Cumyn surnamed the redde and Roberte Bruce hauing conference together Cōference betwixt the Cumyn Bruce complayned the one to the other of the myserable seruitude wherein the Realme of Scotlande as then stoode by the oppression of king Edward And at length vpon offers made betwixte them it was agreed that if by anye meanes they myght delyuer the Realme out of the Englishmens hands the one of them should be king that is to witte the Bruce and the other that is to say the Cumyn shoulde enioy all the Bruces landes and possessions with many other prefermentes of honoures and dignities as nexte vnto him in all authoritie touchyng the gouernement of the realme Indentures of agreement betwixt Cumyn Bruce to◅ching the cōspiracie There were Indentures made betwene them subscribed wyth theyr names and sealed with theyr scales interchaungeably for the full ratifying of couenauntes agreed in thys confederacie betwixte them And shortely after vppon deliuerie of those wrytings Bruce wente into Englande for he myght not remayne long in Scotlande for doubte of suspition whiche kyng Edwarde had in hym bicause of the title whiche he had to the Crowne of Scotlande as before is specifyed inso muche as was thought kyng Edwarde woulde haue put bothe hym and his brethern◅ vnto death long before if he myght haue once got them all into his handes Iohn Cumyn after that hee and Bruce were thus agreed vppon Articles Iohn Cumyn doth doubt and departed the one from the other beganne to doubt least this conspiracie deuised betwixte them woulde not sorte to anye luckye conclusion for his purpose eyther for that hee feared the greate puissaunce of kyng Edwarde eyther else for that his aucthoritie and power as hee mystrusted woulde not bee greate if the Bruce once attayned the Crowne And herevppon hee sente one of his seruauntes vnto kyng Edwarde Cumyn discloseth the conspiracie with his counterpane of the Indenture conteynyng the couenauntes of the conspiracie signed and sealed wyth Bruces owne hande and seale The messenger delyuered this writing in secrete wyse vnto king Edwarde declaryng vnto him the whole matter as it was passed and concluded betwixt the Bruce and his maister accordyng to instructions gyuen hym in y e behalf But king Edwarde at the first gaue lyghte credite eyther to the writings or wordes of the Cumyn supposyng that the same proceded only through enuie whiche he bare towardes the Bruce euer dreading least he shoulde beare no rule in Scotland if the Bruce once atteined any authoritie within the same The Bruce stoutely denyed that he was priuie to any suche deuyse or writyng He denieth his writing and therefore desyred of kyng Edwarde to haue the same for one nyghte to peruse and scanne ouer at leysure and then if he were not able to proue that it was forged and maliciously deuised vpon an enuious purpose to put him in daunger of lyfe he would forfait all his landes and lyuings that he helde eyther within the realme of Englande or else where King Edwarde bicause he coniectured at the fyrste howe thys accusation of Cumyn was nothing lyke to bee true graunted his request wherein many iudged he dydde vnwysely but suche was the ordinaunce of almightie GOD that Bruce should escape that danger to accomplishe that wherevnto he was appointed The Erle of Glocester immediatly after that Robert Bruce was departed frō the kings presence sent vnto him .xij. sterling pennies wyth two sharpe spurres whereby he coniectured his meaning to be that the best shift for him was to auoyde out of the waye in moste speedy wyse whervpon he causyng a smyth to shoe .iij. horses for him contrarily with y e calkyns forward that it should not bee perceyued whiche way hr had taken by the tracte of the horses for that the ground at that time being in the winter season was couered with snowe hee departed oute of London aboute midnighte Robert Bruce doth flee accompanyed onely with two trustie seruantes It chaunced also that ther fell the same night more snow aloft vpon the other snow that was fallen before by reason whereof it coulde not bee iudged in the morning which way he was gon though king Edward vpon knowlege had that he was fled sent out a great maynie of horsmen after to haue brought him againe if they might any where haue founde him But the Bruce hasted foorth with such speede in his iourney He commeth to Lochmaben that the .vij. day after his departure from London hee came to Lochmaben in Annandale and there found Dauid or as some bookes haue Edward his brother with Roberte Flemeyn a worthie young Gentleman vnto whom they musing what he ment by his sodain comming he declared into what perill of lyfe he had fallen by meanes of the Cumyn and howe narowly he had escaped oute of king Edwardes handes His brother hearing the matter consented to goe wyth him and to be partaker of all happes that mighte fortune to fall out in his flighte and by the way they chaunced to light vpon one of Cumyns seruantes A seruaunt of Cumyns taken with letters on him that was going with letters vnto king Edwarde from hys mayster the said Cumyn signifying by y e same that if Bruce were not the sooner put to death there would ensue shortely suche trouble and ruffling in Scotlande agaynste kyng Edwarde that it woulde bee muche
adoe to appease it These letters beyng founde vppon Cumyns seruaunt thorough meanes of yong Flemeyn the Bruce after he had apposed the bearer thoroughly in eche behalfe and learned of him that his maister the sayde Cumyn was in the Fryers at Domfryse he first slewe this fellow that was thus sente with the letters Cumyn was at the Fryers in Dunfreis and after in all haste possible came to Dounfryse by the guyding of the same Flemeyn where in the Quyer of the the Fryers churche there he found the Cumyn and reasoning the matter with hym for that he had vsed him so euill and withall shewing hym the indenture whiche king Edwarde had deliuered to him as before is mencioned in the ende after some multiplying of words together Robert Bruce plucked foorth his sworde and stroke the foresayde Cumyn a sore blowe in the belly and thervpon fleeing out of the Churche mette with two of his dearest frendes Iames Lyndsey and Roger Kyrkpatryke who beholding his countenance altered and comming foorth of the churche in suche haste demaunded of hym what was the matter I trowe said he that Cumyn is slayne Why sayd they againe hast thou attempted so hyghe an enterpryse and lefte it doubtefull And immediatly herewith they went to the place where Cumyn lay wounded as before is mencioned and asked of hym whether he thoughte he had any deathes wounde or hoped to recouer if he myght haue a good Surgion and for that he answered howe he trusted to doe well ynough if he might haue a good surgion in tyme Cumyne is slayne 1305. they gaue him three or foure other woundes so greuous and deadly that foorthwith vppon the same he yelded vp the ghost This chanced in the yeare of our Lord .1305 the fourth Ides of Februarie Aboute the same tyme was William Wallace taken at Glaskow by the means of sir Iohn Menteth and other in whome he had euer put a moste speciall truste Wallace is taken but they beeing corrupted with the offers of large rewardes promysed by king Edwarde to suche as coulde helpe to take him Wallace is brought to London wrought suche fetches that he was apprehended at length by Odomare de Valance Erle of Penbroke who with a greate power of men brought him to London He is put to death where hee was put to death and his quarters sent into Scotlande and set vp in sundry great townes there for a spectacle as it were to giue ensample to other Thys was the ende of that puissant champion Williā Wallace praysed amongest the Scotishemen aboue all other in that age for so muche as hee woulde neuer yelde or consent to acknowledge any superioritie in the Englishemen ouer hys countrey no not when all other had submitted themselues to king Edward as his liege subiects and most obedient vassals It is sayde that when hee was young and went to schole he learned by hearte two verses of his schoolemaister which euer after hee bare in mynde and vsually woulde reherse them which were as followe Io. Fourdon Iohn Maior Dico tibi verum libertas optima rerum Nunquam seruili sub nexu viuito fili Whiche maye be Englished thus My sonne I say freedome is best Then neuer yelde to thralles arrest Odomare de Valence after he had obteyned this victorie against king Roberte banished the wiues of all those that supported the same Robert by meanes whereof many ladies and gentlewomen were constrayned to flee into woodes and other desert places K. Robert eftsoones discōfited in Athol to eschewe the crueltie of their aduersaries King Robert also after this ouerthrow fled into Athole where the .iij. Ides of August at a place called Dalry he fought agayne with the Cumyns and other suche Scots and englishmen as were assembled in those parties readie to pursewe him and had the like luck here that had chaunced to him before at Meffen for he was put to flight after the same manner though he lost here but fewe of his men neither in the fyght nor chase Whervpon fynding Fortune thus contrarie vnto him in these two seuerall batayles The miserable state of king Robert in the beginning of his reigne he was left so desolate and vnprouided of all frendship that he was constrayned for his refuge to withdrawe into the woodes and mountaynes with a fewe other in his companye and there lyued on herbes and rootes oftentymes for want of other foode Whylest he remayned in this estate of aduerse Fortune The Earle of Leuenax and Gilbert Hay faithful seruitours to king Robert there were two that shewed themselues ryghte trustie and faithefull seruantes vnto hym aboue all the reste the Earle of Leuenax and Gilberte Hay for though eyther enforced by persecution of enimyes or constrained through some other necessitie they departed sometymes from his presence yet didde they euer acknoweledge hym for theyr Soueraygne lorde and only king readie at all seasons to serue and obey hym in eche behalfe The moste parte of all other his frendes yea and seruauntes in that present miserie did clerely forsake hym so that sometymes he was lefte wyth onely one or two in his companye and gladde to keepe hymselfe secrete in deserte places where no person vsed lyghtly to resort His wyfe the Queene fledde to Sainct Dutho King Roberts wyfe taken and chaunced to be taken by William Cumyn Earle of Ros who delyuered hir to kyng Edward by whose commaundemente she was cōmitted to safe keping at London where she remained til after the battayle of Bannocksborne His brother Nigell was also taken and so afterwardes were his two other brethren Thomas and Alexāder Nigell Thomas and Alexander brethrē to king Robert are taken and put to death with many other nobles and gentlemen of Scotlande of whome some were executed at Carleile and some at Barwike Finally the moste parte of all suche as hadde ayded him before and were nowe shrunke from him were within one yeare after eyther slayne or kept as prisoners in Englande Yet though he was thus lefte desolate of all ayde and succour hauyng his bretherne and other of his frendes murthered and slayne to hys vtter discomfort and ruine as was to be supposed hee neuerthelesse liued euer in hope of some better fortune whereby in tyme to come King Roberts good hope in tyme of extreme aduersitie hee myght recouer the realme oute of the enimies handes and restore the auncient libertie thereof to the former estate As for the paynes whiche he tooke in lyuing barely for the most part by water and rootes and lodging oftentymes on the bare earth withoute house or other harborough he was so accustomed therto by haunting the warrēs in his youth that the same greeued him little or nothing at all But to conclude suche was his valiauncie and most excellent fortitude of mynde and courage His inuincible hart and vndaunted stomacke that no iniurious mischance of frowarde aduersitie coulde abashe his inuincible heart and manlyke
Englande to the great annoyance of the Englishe borders which dealing though it much mooued the king of Englande to take displeasure against the Scottes yet he gaue gentle audience vnto Leirmouth at his comming vnto him and by hys fayre wordes and promises was partly pacified But in the meane time the dedes of the Scottishe borderers were as extreame as might be and in a roade made by sir Robert Bowes for reuenge thereof the same sir Robert and many other with him were taken prisoners and could not be deliuered nor admitted to paye their fine and raunsome as hath bene euer accustomed betwixt them on the borders And where at the same time an assuraunce was made on both sides for a time K. Henrie forced to take armes against the Scots at the suite of the sayde Leirmouth the Scots ceased not to make sundrie inuasions into Englande in such wise as the king no longer trusting to their fayre wordes but weying their deedes put an armie in a readynesse for defence of his subiects as the due meane to attayne such a peace as for the safetie of his people he thought it stoode with his honor to procure After whiche preparation made and knowledge thereof had the king of Scots made newe suite to haue the matter taken vppe by treatie Wherevpon the king caused the armie to staye about Yorke and appointed the D. of Norffolk his Lieutenant generall the Lorde priuie seale Bishop of Durham and sir Anthonie Browne Maister of his horses to treate and conclude with the Ambassadors of Scotland some frendly peace vpon reasonable and indifferent condicions as shoulde he thought requisite for the auoyding of warres then by sundrie inuasions of the Scottes made open and manifest But after they had vewed eche others Commissions and beganne to propone articles the Scottish commissioners to protract time at the first seemed to like such articles as the Englishe commissioners had proponed The double dealing of the Scots in the negotiation about an agreement made semblance as if there were no doubt but that in case their k. ours might mete all matters should be quietly coÌ„pounded ended so taking it as for a thing sure and certaine they only desired vj. dayes to obtaine answere from their Maister and our armie for that time to staye wherevnto the Englishe Commissioners accorded After those sixe dayes was sent a Commission out of Scotlande to conclude a meeting precisely at such a place as they knew will could not in the Winter season be obserued nor kept Wherewith when the English Commissioners seemed nothing content the Scottish Commissioners shewed forth instructions wherein libertie was giuen to them to exceede their Commission in the appoynting of a place and to consent to any other by the Englishe Commissioners thought meete and conuenient but when the English Commissioners refused to deale with men wanting sufficient Commission to warrant their doings the Scottishe Commissioners required other .vj. days respite to send for a larger commission which being graunted at the end of those six dayes they brought forth a commission made in good forme and without exception or restraint of place But therwith they shewed instructions conteyning a lyke restraint as in the former Commission was expressed And thus driuing forth the matter by trisling vppon purpose onely to winne tyme they hoped thereby through the Winter comming on that the Englishe armie shoulde not be able much to annoye their Countrie for that yeare And so their talke brake vp without any conclusion of agreement at all and forthwith was the armie set forward a good part whereof had lien all this time of treatie in Yorke and in the Countrie there abouts When the whole power was assembled the Duke of Norffolke Lieutenaunt generall accompanied with the Earles of Shrewesburse â–ª Darbie The English armie entreth into Scotland Cumberlande Surrey Hertford Angus Rutlande and the Lordes of the Northe partes and sir Anthonie Browne Master of the Horse Sir Iohn Gage Comptroller of the Kings house and others hauing with them twentie thousande men well and warrelike appointed entred Scotlande the xxj of October and taried there eyght dayes without hauing any battayle offered vnto them in whiche spare they brent these townes and villages Paxton Ramrige Styne Gradyn Shylles Lang Ednem â–ª Newton Skitshell Newthorne Smellem spitâ—…le the twâ—… 〈…〉 and the two Brurdwes 〈…〉 Edâ—… Spittle 〈…〉 Abbay long Spronâ—… 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 â—…stone And while the 〈…〉 fourth day after his â—…uiring and Scotlande there came to speake with 〈◊〉 a myle 〈◊〉 the Campe the Bishoppe of Oâ—…ney and Iames Lothâ—…oâ—… sent from the king of Scoâ—… to intreate of peace but they agreed not Finally after the Englishmen had lyeâ—… so long within Scotlande as they might recouer vittayle at length for necessitie they returned to Berwicke In all which iourney the standeâ—… of the Earle of Southhamptons The Earle of Southamptons standart late Lorde priuie seale which dyed at Newcastell before these entring into Scotlande was borne in the foreward bicause he was appoynted captaine of the same The king of Scots hearing that the English armie was returned raysed a power of 〈◊〉 tene thousande menne forth of all partes of hys Realme vnder the guiâ—…ng of the Lorde Maxwell or rather of Oliuer â—…eâ—… An armie of Scots iouade Englande as the Scoth affirme boasting to taâ—… 〈◊〉 in Englande as the Duke of Norffolke had taried in Scotlande And soon the Fridaye being Saint Katherines euen they passed one other water of Eâ—… and brent certayne houses of the Greâ—…es hir the very border Amongst other that were taken wee finde these men of name Scottish Lords taken at Solem Moste the Earle of Castill Glencarne the Lorde Maxwell Admirall of Scotlande and Warden of the West marches the Lorde Flemming the Lorde Sommerwell the Lorde Oliphant the Lorde Graye sir Oliuer Sincler the Kings minion Iohn Rosse Lorde of Gragy Robert Erskin sonne to the Lorde Geskin Carre Lorde of Gredon the Lorde Maxwels two brethren Iohn Lesley bastarde sonne to the Earle of Rothus George Hume Larde of Hemitton Iohn Mattelande Larde of Wike castell Iames Pringel Iames Sinclex brother to Oliuer Sincler Iohn Carmell Captayne of Crayforth Patricke Heborne Esquire Iohn Seton Esquire sonne in lawe to the Lorde Erskin William Seton Esquire Iohn Steward cousin to the King Iohn Morrowe Esquire Henrie Droumont Esquire Iames Mitton Esquire Iohn Cormurth Esquire Captaine of Gainsforth Iames Mitton Esquire The number of prisoners and artillerie taken and other Esquires and Gentlemen beside the Earles and Lordes before mencioned to the number of two hundreth and aboue and more than viij C. other persons of meaner calling so that some one Englishman yea some women had three or foure prisoners They tooke also foure and twentie peeces of ordinance foure Cartes laden with speares and ten pauilions so that this might well be sayde to be the handie worke of God and the verse of the Psalme verified
Nunc vidi dixi haec est mutatio dextrae excelâ—… The death of the king of Scotlande The King of Scottes tooke such griefe and inwarde thought for his ouerthrow and also for the murther of an Englishe Herault that was stayne at Dunbar by one Leeche an Englishe man the whiche for the rebellion in Lincolne shire was fledde into Scotlande that he fell into a hote ague and therof dyed although many reported that he was at the byckering and receyued there his deathes wounde and fledde therewith into Scotlande But of his death and of the birth of his daughter ye may see more in the historie of Scotlande â—…xiiiâ—… hath Hall Of these prisoners before named xxj of them were brought vp to London and on the xix â–ª of December entred into the Citie by Bishops gate and so were conueyed to the tower where they remained for the space of two dayes and vpon Saint Thomas daye the Apostle Scottes prisoners brought to London being the xxj of December they were conueyed to Westminster sir Iohn Gage Constable of the Tower ryding before them and the Lieutenant of the same Tower ryding behinde them They roade two and two togither and eyght of them being Earles and Lordes had newe gownes of blacke Damaske furred with black Conse cotes of blacke Veluet and doublers of Saâ—…m with shiâ—…es and other apparell bought aâ—…we for 〈◊〉 at the Kings charges Thus being soltiâ—…elye conueyed through the streetes of London vnto Westminster The Scottes prisoners before the Counsell in the staâ—… Chamber they came before the Counsell sitting in the Starre Chamber and there the Lorde Chauncellour declared to them their vntruth vnkindenesse and false dissimulation declaring further howe the King had cause of war agaynst them both for the denying of their homages and also for their trayterous inuasions made into his Realme without defiance and also for keeping his subiectes prisoners without redemption contrarie to the auncient lawes of the Marches for whiche doings God as they might perceyue had scourged them Howbeit the King more regarding his honour than his Princelye power was content to shewe them kyndenesse for vnkyndenesse right for wrong And although he might keepe them in strait prison by iust lawe of armes yet he was contâ—… that they shoulde haue libertie to be with the nobles of his Realme in their houses and so according to their Estates they were appoynted to Dukes Earles Bishoppes Knights and Gentlemen which so entertayned them that they confessed themselues neuer to be better vsed nor to haue had greater cheare in all their life times The Earle of Cassils was appointed to be with the Archbishoppe of Caunterburie the Earle of Glencarne with the Duke of Norffolke the L. Flemming with the Lorde priuie seale the Lord Maxwell with sir Anthonie Browne the Lord Somerwel with the Lord Chancelor the Lord Oliphant with sir Thomas Lee Oliuer Sencler with the Duke of Suffolke Robert Ersâ—… with the Bishop of Westminster the lord Monteth with sir Anthonie Wingfielde the Lorde MouÌ„keth with sir Raufe Sadler George Hame with the Earle of Hertforde the Lorde of Gragie with sir Thomas Cheiney the Lorde of Gredon with maister Gastwike Henrie Maxewell with sir Richarde Long Thomas Clifforde with sir Arthur Darcy Patrick Heâ—…forde with sir Thomas Wriothesley Iames Prâ—…gel with sir Richard Rich Iohn Mariâ—…d with sir Edwarde North the Lorde Grey Iames Sencler and Iohn Lesley were apointed to men of such credit as were thought mere to aunswere for their safe keping The .xxij. of DeceÌ„ber 〈◊〉 came of the king of Scottes death and vpâ—… S. Iohns day in Christmas weeke y e foresaid â—…rds of ScotlaÌ„d were brought to y e court which was then at Grenewich where they had great châ—…e went before the King to y e chappel were â—…odged within the court Here vpoÌ„ ye must coÌ„sider y e where as the K. of Scots had left no issue behind him in life but only one daughter y e King hys Counsell perceyuing a meane nowe offered wherby without warre the two Realmes might be vnited these Scottishe Lordes hauing first made the motion themselues for a mariage to be had betwixt Prince Edwarde and their yong Queene the king required them to helpe to the â—…t hâ—…rance of that matter which myght be such a benifit to themselues and their countrie This they promised faithfully to doe and aswell by themselues as their friendes to being the same to effect so muche as the king coulde require Wherevpon the king was not only couâ—…ed to release them home but also highly rewarded them with rich gyftes in most bountifull wise The xxx of December they departed from the Court and the morrow after eyght of them dyned with Sir Iohn Coates thou Lorde Maior of London and the rest with the Sherifes and had very great cheare On Newyeares daye they departed from London honâ—…wardes towardes Scotlande 1543 and roade to Enfelde to see the Prince and there dyned that daye greatly â—…oyâ—…ng as by their wordes and countenance is sâ—…ared to beholde so propet and towardly anyâ—…ped From thence they kept on then iourney till they came to the North partes where they founde the Duke of Suffolke the Kings Lieutenant there and with him remayned till suche pledges were come forth of Scotlande as it was couenanted they should leaue behind them The Duke then after he had receyued the hostages permitted them to depart and so they returned into Scotlande where they were gladlye welcommed by their kinsemen and frendes With them went also the Earle of Augus who had bene banished Scotlande and hauing remayned here in Englande a long time receyued of the Kings fee a thousande marke by yeare and likewise his brother Sir George Douglas who had fiue hundreth markes yearely likewise of the Kings gift They were nowe both restored home into their countrie and that as was sayde by the last Kings will The sayde Earle of Angus and diuerse of the Lordes that had bene prisoners here in Englande were made of the priuie Counsell of the Realme by the Earle of Arrayne that was chosen gouernour to the yong Queene and of the Realme as next heire apparent Nothwithstanding that the Archbishop of Saint Andrewes and Cardinall of the sea of Rome enimie mortall to the King of Englande for the Popes cause and partlye set on by the French king had forged a will expressing howe the king had made him gouernour associate with two Earles of his affinitie as well of the Queene as Realme contrarie to the lawes of Scotland Wherevpon the said Earle of Arceyne according to his right as he pretended with the helpe of his frendes The Earle of Arraine tooke vppon him the authoritie of Gouernour and put the sayde Cardinall in poson and deliuered Sir Robert Bowes Sir Robert Bowes deliuered and the other Englishe prisoners by their handes according to the custome of the marches All this yeare was neyther perfect peaconor open warre betwixt