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A26186 The lives of all the princes of Orange, from William the Great, founder of the Common-wealth of the United Provinces written in French by the Baron Maurier, in the year 1682, and published at Paris, by order of the French King ; to which is added the life of His present Majesty King William the Third, from his birth to his landing in England, by Mr. Thomas Brown ; together with all the princes heads taken from original draughts.; Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de Hollande et des autres Provinces-Unies. English Aubery du Maurier, Louis, 1609-1687.; Brown, Thomas, 1663-1704. 1693 (1693) Wing A4184; ESTC R22622 169,982 381

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had razed because the Nobility met there to draw up an Address against the Inquisition At that time all Men believed the King of Spain had entirely lost the Netherlands for he was forced to comply with the time and ratify and approve the Peace In pursuance of this Treaty the Castles of Ghent Valenciennes Cambray Utrceht and Groeningen were demolished all Friezeland declared for the States and Gaspar de Robb who had married the Heiress of Billy and Malepert Governour of the Province was laid close Prisoner in the Town-house of Groeningen with Irons on his Legs This Gaspar a Man of Sense and Courage was Son to King Philip's Nurse and Native of Robb in Portugal He was advanced and employed by Margaret of Parma and in her time was Governour of Philipville He was released out of Prison by Vertue of the perpetual Edict which was made under the Government of Don Iohn of Austria Christopher de Vasquez who had hid himself in the Monastery of the Cordeliers shaved and disguised like a Monk was also taken and carried in that Habit into the great Square of Groeningen the people crying out in Mockery that they had got a new Bishop favourer of the Inquisition Upon this Subject I cannot forbear observing how addicted the People of these Countries are to turn their Enemies into Ridicule upon the least good Success as they did after the taking of Levarden in Friezland for the States having surprized it they brought all the Monks and Priests into the great Square where their Troops were drawn up in Battalia and placed them by Ranks between the Ranks of the Souldiers and then conducted them out of the City in the same order at the sound of Fises and Drums with incredible Mockeries and there left them without doing them any other injury than laughing at them They had already given Proofs of this Inclination to Derision and Raillery after the surprizing of the Brill in that Picture which I mentioned before where Count de la Mark put Spectacles on the Duke of Alva's Nose and at Harlem where the Citizens believing That Don Frederick de Toledo would raise the Siege made Processions of Images clad like Monks Priests and Cardinals holding the Figures of the blessed Sacrament which they flung down from the tops of their Walls I my Self at Twelve years old observed the particular bent of this Nation to Mockery My Father who was Embassador into Holland had put to Board in the Year 1622. with Doctor Iohn Gerard Vossius a German and Native of Heidelburg who has published a vast number of Learned works My elder Brother my Self and my younger Brother called Daniel who was killed in the Battle of Harlingen in the Year 1645 who had so great a Genius for the Mathematicks that he would have equal'd the Reputation of Galileus and Archimedes if Death had not snatch'd him away in the flower of his Age. That Year 1622. Maurice Prince of Orange having forced the Marquess Ambrose Spinola to raise the Siege of Bergen-op-zoom assisted by Count Ernest of Mansfield and Duke Christian of Brunswick the Cities of the Low Countries were transported with inexpressible Joy Among others Leyden joyned Derision to its publick rejoycings This Doctor 's House stood before the Square of the Church call'd Hoguetanskirk where was one of the greatest Bonfires Upon the top of the Pile was placed a great Spinning Wheel which they call Spin in Dutch and round it little Tickets of Paper on which was written the Name of Spinola General of the Spanish Army Upon the Cord of the Wheel there were other Tickets with the Names of Gonsolvo de Cordoua one of the chief Commanders of the Spanish Army Upon the Wheel was a great Distaff loaded with Flax which they call Ulasque in Dutch and upon it was writ the Name of Don Louis de Valasco General of the Horse this done they put Fire to it and the People over-joy'd fancied they had burnt these Generals with their Names This bears some Resemblance with the Rebus's of Picardy and acquainted me at that time with the raillying Humour of these People Pursuant to this Inclination of the People 't was reported with probability some years since That the Sieur van Beuningen which is the Sieur du Boudon in French had caused himself to be ingraved an a Medal like another Ioshua making the Sun stand still meaning that he had put a stop to and been the Iupiter Stator of the French King's Conquests who had taken the Body of the Sun for his device But Persons very well informed have assured me that 't was a scandal fastned on him to cast an Odium upon him and his Nation at our Court and that the Medal was never seen nor had ever any Being unless in the Imaginations of those Men who contrived the Story It is true That the united Provinces after the Peace of Aix la Chapelle all the Honour of which they assum'd to themselves puffed up with the Glory of a Treaty which they imagined so advantageous to them Coyned Medals with a pompous Motto which their Enemies call'd proud and which as I am assured was this Assertis Legibus sacris Defensis exteris Regibus Vindicata perorbem Christianum Marium libertate Egregiâ pace virtute Armorum partâ Batavia P. Which I thus translate in favour of the Ladies Having vindicated our Religion and Laws And defended Foreign Kings our Allies And established the security of Navigation in the Seas of the Christian World and made a glorious Peace by the force of our Arms the States-General c. The Consideration of which made Monsieur de Lamoignon the greatest and most famous Man in France for his Learning and Vertue say to me that the Romans after the Destruction of Numantia and Carthage the Rival of their Empire could not have talked of their Victories in more lofty and magnificent Terms At the end of the Year 1671. the States-General seeing that those Medals drew upon them the Envy and Hatred of the most powerful Monarchs suppressed them as well as they could by breaking the Coins and Molds insomuch as there remain very few unless in the Hands of the Curious These proud Medals with the continual and insolent Reflections of the Amsterdam Gazzette which took a Liberty of openly rallying all things without sparing Crowned Heads which ought always to be respected was not the least Motive of the last War 'T is this gave credit to the imaginary Medal of the Sieur Van Beuningen whose Airy and Extravagant Discourses made any thing to be believed of him Upon this Subject I may affirm with Reason that those Men are the wisest who are never arrogant in good Fortune which many easily change into bad by the ordinary Revolutions of the Affairs of this World which suffer nothing to be settled or lasting Besides Moderation make Men lamented when they are unhappy but we rejoice at the Misfortune of Insolent persons When Duke Charles of Burgundy had
shall speak hereafter Besides his celebrated Posterity of legitimate Children the Prince of Orange left a Natural Son called Iustin de Nassau who led a considerable Body of Men to the Assistance of King Henry the IV. before the Peace of Vervins He was a Brave Vertuous Man and died Governour of Breda I have heard my Father say that in the year 1616. having dispatched to Court upon some important Affair a Garson Captain named Lanchere famous in the Netherlands where he served This Courier in his Return passing through Breda Monsieur Iustin de Nassau asked him what News He answered nothing considerable but the Imprisonment of the Count D' Auvergne since Duke of Angoulesme Iustin de Nassau asking him the Reason he replied bluntly striking him on the Back for he was acquainted with his true Extraction Don't you know Sir that a Son of a Whore was never good for any thing A Fault which the poor Lanchere confessed to my Father when he knew that he was a Bastard Which is a proof that 't is good to be informed of Pedigrees and Alliances otherwise we are liable to Mistakes and to offend innocently Persons of Quality The End of the Life of William of Nassau Prince of Orange THE LIFE OF LOVISE de COLIGNY THE Fourth and Last Wife of WILLIAM of NASSAU Prince of ORANGE THIS Lady had very excellent Vertues without having the least Mixture of any Weakness incident to her Sex through the Course of her whole Life though it was very long She had been married to Monsieur de Teligny before the Famous Day of St. Bartholomew which was in 1572. and she died in 1620. The Admiral her Father esteem'd her very much both for her Modesty and Prudence She gain'd every Body's Heart and Affection by her Way of Conversation which was easy and graceful and had an universal Respect as well for her true Sence as her extraordinary good Nature She was very well shap'd though her Stature was but low her Eyes were very beautiful and her Complexion lively The Admiral who loved her tenderly and passionately desired to have her well disposed of after having cast his Eyes upon all the Persons of Quality that were of his own Religion and Party he found none so deserving to marry this excellent Lady as Monsieur de Teligny Son of Monsieur de Teligny a Famous Captain in the Wars of Italy in whom he had observed more Valour and Conduct than in any other Gentleman of his time besides his Vertues were so considerable that those who writ in Favour of Queen Catharine Queen of Medices who mortally hated the Admiral have confessed that she and the King her Son had very great Difficulty to consent to the Death of Monsieur de Teligny who had rendred himself agreeable to both of them by his handsom Deportment and by his sincere and noble Way of Acting which shews that Vertue is always attractive from whencesoever it proceeds and that it has uncommon Charms to make it self admired and favoured though in the Person of an Enemy The Admiral then advised this beautiful Lady to accept of Monsieur de Teligny and to preferr a Man indued with so many good Qualities though of moderate Fortune to others who though they had greater Riches and Titles were still less worthy to possess her But she soon lost so good a Husband together with the Admiral her Father in the cruel Day of St. Bartholomew Having heard of this Misfortune in Burgundy her Mother-in-Law and she with the young Lord of Chatillon her Brother had much ado to get into Switzerland to secure their Lives the Massacre of the Protestants being universal throughout all France This great Admiral was Son of another Gaspar de Coligny Lord of Chatillon upon Loyr Mareschal of France under Louis the XII a Famous General who died at Aix as he was commanding the French Army against the Spaniards and of Louise de Montmorency Sister to Anne de Montmorency Constable of France He left behind him three Sons that were very considerable Odet Cardinal of Chatillon the eldest who was Patron to all the Wits and Learned Persons of his Age Iasper Admiral of France who before that had been Governour of Paris and Picardy and lastly Francis de Coligny Lord of Andelot Colonel General of the French Infantry A Son of the Admiral named Francis was likewise Colonel of the French Infantry he signalized himself as well upon the Bridge of Tours by saving the Persons of Henry the III. and the King of Navarre from the Forces of the League and afterwards in the Battle of Arques by which he gained the Reputation of surpassing the Admiral He left two Sons by a Daughter of the House of Chaune de Pequigny the eldest who promised much was taken off by a Cannon Bullet at the Siege of Ostend the other was the Mareschal de Chatillon Father to the Count de Coligny that died young and the Duke de Chatillon who was killed at Charenton The Mareschal Chatillon had likewise two Daughters one married to the Prince of Montbeliard and the other named Henrietta Countess of Adinton and Suze had so great a Genius for Poetry that she has out done Sappho her self by her exquisite Works which are the Delight of all such as are Lovers of Gallantry Madam de Teligny having lived during her Widowhood with a Conduct that made her admired by the whole World she was sought to by Prince William of Orange after the Death of Charlotte de Bourbon and he married her in the year 1583. upon the Reputation of her Vertue But soon after by a Fatality that usually snatches from us That which is most dear she saw him assassinated before her own Eyes having had but one Son by him born a little before his Father's Death who was the Famous Henry Frederick Prince of Orange She had this Advantage to be Sprung from the greatest Man in Europe and to have had two Husbands of very eminent Vertues the last of which left behind him an immortal Reputation but she had likewise the Misfortune to lose them all three by hasty and violent Deaths her Life having been nothing but a continued Series of Afflictions able to make any one sink under them but a Soul that like hers had resigned her self up so totally to the will of Heaven She has told my Father freely that at her coming into Holland she was very much surprized at their Rude Way of Living so different from that in France and whereas she had been used to a Coach she was there put into a Dutch Waggon open at Top guided by a Vourman where she sate upon a Board and that in going from Roterdam to Delft which is but two Leagues she was crippled and almost Frozen to death There never was one of a more noble Soul or a truer Lover of Justice than this Princess But it was observable during the great Differences between Maurice Prince of Orange her Son-in-Law and Monsieur
recruits on that side sent three fresh Battalions to support his own as likewise to guard the plain that was behind the Hedges But the two first Regiments basely quitted their Post upon the first approach of the Enemy so that the other three Regiments that were sent to their assistance having not sufficient time to adjust themselves and seeing the two first Battalions run away betook themselves to their Heels and breaking into their own Squadrons that stood there to cover them occasioned an extraordinary confusion Upon this the French Cavalry coming to advance and being supported by the Infantry that made perpetual firing the Prince's Squadrons were beaten back but they did not go far and soon rallied again and poured so vigorously upon the French that they made them fly in their their turn In the mean time the Enemy's Foot being advanced above and having possessed the Hedges where the Prince's men were posted before they cou'd not possibly make a long resistance nor hinder the rest of the Foot from being attacked in the Flank as well as the Front So that the Foot after they had done their duty extremely well saw themselves obliged to quit their post and the Prince repassing the Rivet retir'd in very good order to Steenword and from thence to Poperdingue the Enemy having been so rudely handled by Count Waldeck who commanded the Prince's Right Wing that they had no desire to pursue him And this was the issue of the battel at Mont cassel The Prince having retired in this manner as we have related it the French King pursued the Siege of the Cittadel of Cambray with all imaginable vigor and it fell out very unfortunately for the besieged that a Bomb set fire on one of their Magazines where the Granadoes and other warlike Provisions lay and utterly consumed it However the besieged continued to defend themselves bravely and recompenced their loss in some manner by the death of the Marquess de Renel one of the French King's Lieutenant Generals who was slain by a Cannon-shot from the Castle But at last the French having made several breaches and the Governour of the Cittadel being wounded they were constrained to yield to the great number and continual attacks of the Enemy and to surrender the Castle which was done on very honorable conditions To return to the Duke of Orleans altho victorious he was so afraid lest the Prince should once more attempt to throw relief into St Omers that he durst not quit the field where the battle was fought but kept himself upon his guard for eight days successively But when he received the News that his Highness had passed the Canal of Ghent with all his Forces he returned before the Town which he besieged with his whole Army and after a gallant resistance which cost him several of his best Officers they were forced against their will to surrender upon good terms After the taking of these places the French heat began to be somewhat abated and those that were so forward to attack others were now content to act on the defensive all the rest of the Summer and durst never put it to the hazard of a battle altho it was often presented to them So that after several tedious marches and counter-marches on both sides and the Confederates ineffectual laying Siege to Charleroy which for several weighty considerations they thought expedient to raise the Prince returned to the Hague being accompanied by the Earl of Ossory Don Carlos the Duke of Albemarle and several other Persons of Quality After he had given the States General an account of the last Campaign with the reasons that obliged him to raise the Siege of Charleroy and not to attack the Enemy who were not only superior to him in number but posted to the greatest advantage Their High and Mightinesses thanked him for his conduct and indefatigable pains humbly beseeching him still to continue his zeal for the public Interest A little after his return to the Hague several of the English Nobility arrived at the Prince's Court who in an Assembly of the States General gave them to understand that his Unkle the King of Great Britain earnestly desired him to make a Voyage into England in hopes that his presence there would not a little contribute to the Peace then in agitation which would be of such mighty advantage to the Republic Thus his Highness took his leave of the States and of all theColledges on the 17th of October and being accompany'd by the Earl of Ossory Monsieur d' Odyk the Count de Nassau and several other persons of condition he embarqued at Hellevoetsluys in one of his Majesties Yatchs and arrived at Harwich on the 19th about ten in the morning where the Duke of Albemarle and the Master of the Ceremonies attended him in the King's Coaches and conducted him the same evening to the King and his Royal Highness at Ipswich who received him with all the testimonies of a particular kindness and affection On the 23d he arrived with the two Royal Brothers at Whitehall and was lodged in the Duke of York's apartment who retired to St. Iames's What was at first nothing but a bare surmize was soon after confirmed by the King himself For on the first of November his Majesty acquainted the Council with his design to marry the Prince of Orange to his Royal Highness's eldest Daughter declaring that he hoped this Alliance would facilitate the accomplishment of a General Peace which his Majesty was resolved to advance as far as the Interest of his Kingdoms did engage him After this the whole Council went in a body to compliment the Princess and afterwards the Prince the rest of the Nobility did the same after their example The Prince of Orange acquainted the States with it by an Express giving them to understand that after he had maturely weigh'd the reasons which might incline him to marry he thought he could not make a better choice than the Princess Mary that he had already demanded her in Marriage of the King and his Royal Highness her Father who immediately gave their consent that he judged it advisable to inform them of it expecting their approbation of the Match with all speed that he might the sooner repair to them for the service of his Country Hereupon the States General were assembled and seriously considering the reasons of State upon which this Marriage was founded with the great advantages it might produce as for instance a confirmation of that strict Union that was between the King of Great Britain and the States of the United Provinces the establishment of the ancient House of Orange and the conclusion of the Peace so earnestly desired I say after they had seriously considered all this but especially the happy choice his Highness had made of a Princess who besides her natural sweetness possessed all the virtues that a Husband could desire testified their approbation by a public Edict in terms full of joy and satisfaction declaring