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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62355	Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.	Schottus, Franciscus, 1548-1622.; Warcupp, Edmund.	1660 (1660)	Wing S891; ESTC R14486	337,341	355

testifies in the 15th book of his Annals whose vast foundations remain to this day under their old name neare the Temple of Venus That of Pompey they say was on the third Mountain between the Avernus and the contiguous Tritullian hot baths whence the surname they yet retain and there some yeers since was found a statue of Pompey The Villa Academica of Marcus Tullius CICERO Pliny in the second Chapter of his thirty first book declares that the Villa of Cicero made so famous by his writings was in these quarters between the Avernus and Pozzuolo upon the Sea shore with a most delicious grove and a spacious hall to walk in wherefore Cicero called it an Academy in imitation of that at Athens wherein they ordinarily disputed walking Here Cicero made his sepulchres and so much was he pleased with it that he often spoke of it and entitled some of his books from it Questiones Academicae Academick questions Atticus being in Athens Cicero in almost every letter recommended his Academy that he might send to him from Greece whatever could be had for ennobling it with fair ornaments wherein Atticus failed not according to the occasions in statues pictures and other the like ornaments Whence Cicero in his Epistle ad Attiticum praiseth his diligence and the things sent him Cicero being retired hither in the calamitous times of the Republique to spend away the time toyl and troubles with Books many of the Principal Romans repaired thither to visit him and take some counsel Of them was C. Caesar after the victory he obtained in the civil warr C. Octavius the Successour of Julius yet before he made himself Emperour with infinite others but after that Cicero was banished the Villa Academica was possessed by C. Antistius who was the Legat of Caesar and followed his faction in the civil wars A little after Ciceroes death in his Villa sprung up fountains of hot water good among other things for the eyes and sight celebrated by Tullius Taureus the freeman of Cicero with an Epigram set down among the works of Pliny who wrote this successe and judged that Epigram worthy of memory We must believe that this Villa stood where now the Stadio is taking that name from the length of Ciceroes hall whose ruines yet remain so distinctly as that it may be measured how long t was and although this Stadio seem to stand too far from the Sea in respect of that we read touching Ciceroes Academy yet this will not create any difficulty since the Sea may be in so long a space of time through divers causes retired because truely this Villa in Ciceroes time stood over water at leastwise conducted from the Sea by certain channels so that he eating at table might cast into the waters for the fish to eat angle and fish at his pleasure The hot fountains are extant in a neere field in a cavern underground at the root of the hill which are also of wonderfull nature because they increase and decrease according to the flowing and ebbing of the sea by day and by night in their increase they cast abundance of water into the bath and when full part of the water returns to the fountain and part runs into the Sea by a certain small chanel or gutter made to that purpose This Bath vulgarly called Bagno Ciceroniano the Ciceronian bath and by phisicians Praetense or Tritulliano is as gallant and entire an antiquity as any in the Tract of Pozzuolo These waters were so soveraign not many years since over most diseases that over every bath was written for what cures t was good of which inscription some letters yet stand but the phisicians of Palermo as they tell the story finding those waters prejudicial to their custom went with instruments expresly demolish't those writings so that for the present they are unusefull the said phisicians being all cast away in their return Thus much shall suffice touching Ciceroes famous Villa for that Leander and other writers treat sufficiently of its nature and others thereabouts From the commencement of Ciceroes Academical questions is comprehended that the Villa of Ter. Varro a most learned Roman was not far distant but the determinate place is unknown The Villa of SERVILIUS VATIA SEneca demonstrates in his fifty second Epistle to Lucullus that on the shore between Cuma and the Lake Avernus stood the Villa of Servilius Vatia the magnificence and vastness of which Fabrick may be comprehended from the fragments yet extant He saies two Caves were here built with great expence into the one whereof the Sun never entred and on the other it shone from morning to night into which ran a delicious water through as pleasant a Meadow with many Fish Hither Servilius a noble and rich Man retired himself at such time as Tiberius Caesar afflicted many noble Romans and applyed himself to honest Labour far from Rome in peace for which he was styled happy and obtained the fame of knowledge in his affaires above others by that meanes avoyding dangers Touching the dead and other notable things others have abundantly writ let this therefore suffice for the purpose of the Baianian celebrious Villa's since of the other particulars in the times of those old Roman Princes t is impossible to treat exactly all things being so wholly ruinated and destroyed that scarce any footsteps remain The old City of BAIA The most fair foundations and pitched Piazzaes of the old City Baia lye underneath the waters scarce any fragments remaining on the Land but in the neighbouring Mountains in every corner lye baths hot baths and structures of Admirable Architecture notwithstanding that many great Fabricks were burnt many thrown down by earthquakes and many swallowed up by the Earth In the Sea may be clearly seen the great old Piles of the Port of Baia like those of Pozzuolo built of Brick with intollerable expence which now seem like Rocks as do the enclosures and foundations which of old stood for defence of the Lakes Lucrinus and Avernus against the storms of the Sea which was genenerally believed to be made in this manner to wit that Hercules by his strength upon two carts abrest drew as large a peice of Earth as was requisite and that a mile in length to the place and there fixed it and therefore Posterity for a perpetual remembrance and acknowledgement of so great a benefit erected to him a Round Temple near Bauli whereof some fragments yet are extant But afterwards that repair being wasted by the Sea C. Caesar again restored and bettered it as may be collected from Virgils Georgicks and from Servius his Commentator with whose opinion Suetonius seems to accord saying that Augustus perfected the Julian Port near Baia whence t is supposed that Julius Caesar had first setled it which must have been in his first Consu●…lship by Commission of the Senate who gave him that charge at the instance of the Receivers of the Customs and Tolls upon their allegation that the

but something Stoney Some will have it called Brescia from Britein which in the Language of the Galli Senones the restorers of this City signifie rejoycing Trees as if the quantity of Fruits wherewith they are yeerly hung made them rejoyce Livie and other grave Authors write that Brescia was built by the Galli Senones in that age when the Kings commanded in Rome and that the Romans made themselves Masters thereof after they had conquered all Lombardy They further say that it alwaies kept inviolable Faith with the Roman People and particularly in that calamitous time when Hannibal destroyed their Armies Besides they say that it was reduced into a Colony of the Romans after the associated Warr together with Verona and the other Cities on that fide the Po by Cn. Pompeius Strabo Father of Pompey the Great and a little time after Caesar reckoned the Brescians in the number of the Roman Citizens under whose Empire it continued till its Majesty was at the height when it was no less rich than potent as may easily be conjectured from the many antient Marble Stones and Statues with the inscriptions and Epitaphs of illustrious Persons and of divers famous deeds thereon which ly dispersed in the City and up and down its Territory T is seated in a plain at the foot of certain Hills more long than broad although but three miles in circuit yet well replenished with dwellings and inhabitants It s vicinity to the Hills beautifies it with many Fountains a commodity which many Cities of Lombardi want In it are many Piazzaes the greatest whereof is that where the publick Palace is erected which for its fairness may be accounted one of the Noblest Edifices of Italy Under which Palace are fair Porches with shops affording well tempered Belly pieces of Armour Swords Muskets and other military Arms which hath nominated it Brescia the Armed other shops are no less furnished with the finest Linnen cloth a Commodity by which these Citizens acquire great Riches A small River called Garcia passeth thorow the City which at its issuing forth is artificially drawn on this and that side to irrigate their Fields It hath five Porrs or Gates and one impregnable Castle built with Stone upon a Hill The Torre de Pallada is of rare Tuscan work and therein is the Great Bell of the City It heretofore suffered much calamity through the Factions and enmity of its Citizens whose fury was such that proscription and Death to their Enemies without fyring and destroying their Houses and Goods but trivally appeased Which caused it to change in 28. yeers its Soveraign seven times in the time of Lewis the third and Otto Emperors Its Citizens being much addicted to Arms. T is a most horrible thing to read the History of Capriole o●… those calamitous times representing the great slaughters of the Citizens with their Proscriptions and Banishments the sacking burning and ruining of their Habitations and the desolation of the City much resembling the times and Actions of Marius and Scilla and the Triumviraie At this day t is governed by the Venetians with great peace and such increase of Riches that its former smart is scarce perceptible It received the light of the Christian Faith by the preaching of Sant Apollinare Bishop of Ravenna in the yeer of our Lord 119. It hath some fayr Churches among them the Domo whose Bishop with a good Revenue hath the Tide of Duke Marquiss and Count where a Skie-coloured Cross called Oro Fiamma is much reverenced by the People who indubitably beleeve it to be the same which appeared to Constantine the Emperour fighting against Maxentius The Motto in hoc signo Vinces Next is the Church of Santa Giulia the Martyr built by Desiderius King of the Longobards in the yeer 735. adorned with rich Vests and pretious vessels and honoured with the bodies of many Saints together with those of Ansilperga the Sister and Hermingarda the Daughter of that King which ly in its noble Monastery wherein two daughters of Lotario the first Emperor one sister of Charles the the third one Daughter of Berengarus the Userper of the Empire with many other Virgins of Royal blood have spent their days in the ●…ervice of God under the Orders of Saint Benedict Brescia is well replenished with People and among them with many noble and illustrious Families as the Gambari the Martinengi the Magi the Avogradi Averoldi Luzaghi Emilii and others It hath given Birth to many Saints of whom they name only San Giovita and Faustino who suffered Martyrdom for the Faith of Christ on the Walls towards Verona whereof at this day appear some Marks of it It hath had thirty Bishops canonized for Saints Its Territory is so large spatious and long that t is believed the Bishop thereof hath the Cure of near Eight Hundred Thousand Souls It abounds with all things necessary for human Sustenance and the People are reputed of a quick-witted and elegant Ingennity whereof an elegant Poet writes Caelum hilarem frons laeta Urbi gens nescia fraudis Atque modum ignorat divitis uber agri The Territory of BRESCIA THe Bresciau Territory is one hundred miles broad begining from Mosa 15. miles distant from Mantoua and ending at Dialengo at the top of Alcamonica and 50. miles long extending from Limona on the Lake Garda to the Orzi Novi the Countrey conteyning 450. Towns Villages and Castles well peopled and affording all sorts of Corn Grain Wine Oyl and Fruite Towards the East on the Road leading to Verona on the right hand stand G●…di Manerbio Calvesano Calcina to on the left the Mounta●…ns Bridigolo Padengo and the Lake with the fair Town of Lonato ●…5 miles off ●…rescia Towards the South by the way of Cremona a●… seen Virola and Asola a strong Castle Issuing sorth the Gate San Nazario towards the VVest on the right lies Priviato on the left Quintiano a noble Castle This is the way of the Orzi Novi where stands a strong Castle 20. miles from Brescia built in Anno 1134. Here they vant much of the excellency of their Linnen Cloth near which passeth the River Oglio which terminates the Venetians dominions And going out of the Gates Giovanni you meet the Torrent M●…la Coraio a rich Country and Reato the most populous Town of the Brescian Territories a little farther a most fertile plain beautified with many Castles from the dwelling of the French there in t is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but before you can reach Palazzolo must be passed the Riv●… 〈◊〉 over a stately Bridge from whence they enter the Territories of 〈◊〉 The BRESCIAN Valleys THis City hath three principal Valleys the first called Valcamonica lies towards the VVest and is bigger than both the other extending it self 50. miles towards the North is continued with surrounding Hills among which is a running current yeelding good Trouts which River enters at the head of the ●…ake Isseo running through it

On the left side of the high Altar stands the Tombe of Eustachius Nephew of Pope Innocent the 4th whereon are carved some fair statues as 't were actually endeavouring to bring a Lambe to the Sacrifice This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches and will be farther spoken of in the Voyage of the second day The Fifth of the principal Churches called SANTA MARIA MAGGIORE nel MONTE ESQUILINO THis in respect of the other Churches is small but polite 312. foot long and 112. broad Its pavement is wrought with Figures in Mosaick work and the Roof guilt In it is one Altar of Porphyr and a Tomb of Porphyr wherein lies Giovanni Patricio who built this Church In a Vault under ground is kept the Crib or Manger wherein our Saviour was layed at his Birth often visited with Mas●…es and Prayers for which end Sixtus quintus there built a glorious Chappel deputing to it Clerkes who ought there continually to attend for divine Worship Here are engraven the works of Pope Pius the 5th for the service propagation of the Christian Religion in perpetual remembrance of so good a Pastor whose Body he ordered also should be put in ●…n honourable Tombe on the one side and his own to be placed on the other side when it should please the Lord to call him to himself On the right side of the high Altar lies the body of Pope Nicholas the 4th near whose Tomb stands an Image of the blessed Virgin painted by Saint Luke Here also is the Sepulchre of San Girolame And here ly buried Alberto and Giovanni Normando Platina who wrote compleatly the lives of the Popes Lucco Gaurico a famous Mathematician and Bishop of Cività Francesco Toledo a Jesuit●… Zforseschi da Santa Fiora and i Cesis three Cardinals Upon the Pillars are some antient Pictures of such as undertook the Argument for the Catholick Faith against the Hereticks who condemned images when that point was disputed in the Councel Before this Church Sixtus Quintus reared an Obelisk which is the least of the four in Rome and is without Hieroglyp●…ick notes as that before Saint Giovanni Laterano hath On the back part of this Church is erected a Marble Collumn not so great as neat in memory of the Absolution which Henry fourth King of France and Navarre obtayned from Clement the eighth in Ann. 1593. This was one of the five Patriarchall Churches and will be further treated of in the third dayes Journey The Sixth of the Principal Churches called SAN PAOLO NELLA VIA OSTIENSE THis is the fairest and biggest Church of Rome being 120 paces long and 85 broad built by Constantine the great sustained as may be said by a Grove of stately Pillars T is paved with Marble Many Inscriptions are there placed and published by orhers One most remarkable is this P. P. P. R. R. R. S. S. S. F. F. F. The Venerable Bede being at that time most learned was consulted and desired to resolve the signification of those Letters which he thus explained Pater Patriae Perfectus Regnum Romae Ruit Secum Sublatâ Sapientiâ Ferro Flamma Fame The High Altar is supported by four Porphyr Pillars exposeing to publique view the Image on the Crucifix which spake to St. Brigide while she prayed as the Inscription declares and the Bull verifies Here also are stupendiously expressed in Mosaick work the Imagea of Christ of Saint Peter Saint Paul and Saint Andrew so lively that words seem to issue out of their mouths together with all the Instruments of the Passion and death of our Saviour This Church was nobly restored and beautified by Clement the 8th an excellent Pope In the Brasen gates are figured divers holy histories Greek and Latin From the inscriptions t is gathered that these gates were placed there by Pantaleon Consul in the time of Alexander the 4th This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches In it are the Sepultures of some Popes as of Giovanni who dyed in anno 1472. and Pietro Leone and the memorials of Iulius the third Gregory the 13th and Clement the 8th who opened the Porta Santae in the yeer of Jubile This Church is at present governed by the Fryers of the Order of St. Benedict Here is the Chappel of St. Paul in good part restored by Alexandro Farnese a Cardinal in anno 1582. In the Vestry are many Reliques of Saints the Collumnes whereon St. Paul was decapitated and a stone wch they usually fastened to the Feet of the Martyrs for their greater torment In the Chapel of Porta Celi are the reliques of 2203 Persons martyred by Nero. whence at a small distance is the Tre Fontane or three Fountains the place of Saint Pauls Martyrdome fully restored and beautifyed by Clement the 8th whose head being cut off took three leaps and at each Leap a spring arose and still runs with clear waters The Seaventh of the Principal Churches of ROME called S. PIETRO in VATICANO FOR Beauty sumptuousness Artifice and Worth not only Rome but the whole world yeelds this meritoriously a precedency to all other Churches especially in that part built in later times to which Sixtus the 5th added a noble Cupolo wherein are figured the Celestial Hierarchy in pieces of Mosaick that the beholders believe them painted And Gregory the 13th as glorious a Chappel in honour of Saint Gregorie Nazianzene wherein he was buried Without doubt it is the most perfect model of decent Magnificence in the World there being an answerable uniformity within and without And may justly be compared if not said to surpass the Temple of Diana in Ephesus formerly accounted one of the seaven wonders of the world burnt by Herostratus who by that horrid Act sought rather to perpetuate his name than to ly unremembred in his Grave The Old Church had 24 collumnes of so various coloured Marble as are not matchable which were taken from the adjacent Sepulchre of Adrian the Emperour who was most exquisite in all his works Those other Pillars in the Chappel of the holy Sacrament and those that support the Volto Santo that is the Towel of Veronica with some others were transported from Ierusalem into Italy by Titus Vespasianus and taken out of the Temple and Palace of Solomon after that the Iews were wholly overcome and their said City destroyed The top is all of squares Levati as they call it like the Pantheon in the Center of the Church stands the great Altar all of solid Brass in such stupendious pillars that each weighs 25000. pound and is of so incomparable workemanship that no Cathedral but St. Peters is fit to entertain it Herein is the Sepulchre of the Emperour Otho the second buried in anno 1486. in porphirie A greater porphyre stone then this Italy affords nor except that of Santa Maria Rotonda the Sepulture of Theodorick King of the Ostrogothes This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches and the old part was built by the Emperour Constantine the great who caused it

have seen a Vessel of that sort more fair nor perfect in it are most artificial greek Carvings so well wrought that the sculptor to shew his own satisfaction engraved his proper name the greek letters engraven shew Salpion an Athenian to be the Author as appears by this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Vessel is engraven with excellent de signe and grace and in it is figured Dionysius he that had two mothers as the Poets say was of the nature of fire whom Mercury by commission from Jupiter imediately upon his birth took and caried to Lucotea the sister of his mother they feign that this Dionysius or Bacchus was begotten by Jupiter on Semele who being ambitious of equal honour with Juno requested of Jupiter to accompany her in his divine Majesty wherefore Jove attended by his lightning and thunder came to her but she not able to endure his presence fell forth with in travail was delivered of this Son before full maturity and dyed and some as foolishly feign that Jupiter cut a hole in his thigh and put the child in there till the full time of his birth Orpheus Pausanias Ovidius call her Matuta or Nysa the more antient poets Jno who they say gave the first suck to Bacchus a boy who grown to more bigness was delivered to the Nymphes to be brought up whereof Ovid in the third of his Metamorphosis speaks thus Furtum illum primis Ino matertera cunis Educat inde datum Nymphae Nyseides antris Occuluere suis lactisque alimenta dedere Here then may she be seen in the habit of a Matron sitting upon a rock receiving the boy brought her by Mercury into her arms swathing him and hiding him in her breasts the Satyrs and Hobgoblins dancing round in the mean time to the sound of a Tabour and pipe Of which fable who would relate all the mysteries should have enough to do wherefore we will reserve it with many other things to be met with in this voyage to a more opportune place all which the diligent Inquisi torof antiquity Corona Pighio hath communicated to us At Gaeta t will quit the pains of climing up the top of this high Promontory to be enabled to see and measure the Mauseolum of L. Manutius Plancus the Orator a Pupil of Ciceroes From which a Chronologer may collect it is of neare sixteen hundred yeers standing and built in the time of Augustus Caesar which for its entirenesse on every side of the sea seems a miracle the people now call it Torre Orlandina the reward of the rustickness of posterity who little regarding the antiquity of history originate the works and famous deeds of their ancestors at their own time and attribute them to whom they please This Fabrick is of an orbicular sorm and seems to be made of the same architect as is that of Metellus the Son of Quintus Creticus in the Strada Appia being composed of two rounds or circles of solid wall the outmost whereof built with great square stones contains in the diameter 28. paces or 84 foot whence may be deduced the great largenesse of the Sepulchre by reducing the Line of the Diametre into a Circle nor does the heighth seem lesse for as much as the eye can judge of measure being raised by 27 stones placed one above another of a foot and half in thicknesse on the top of which is layed a Crown figured out of the raies or battlements of the walls pompously adorned with the enemies armes and spoiles At the entrance of the gate is a space of seven foot wide made out of the in ward Circle all small manufacture of bricks and conjoined with the walls without with a high Arch and that inclosed by other high Arches represents in the middle of the Mauseolum the form of a round Temple which hath foure large receptacles for preserving of statues The inward walls seem to be pargetted most neatly like marble giving a lustre so shining and white that it seems like glass and t is supposed that the reflection of the snow which is beaten in redoubles the light there being no other entrance for any then at the door which of it self cannot sufficiently enlighten the place over the door may be plainly read the title of Lucius Plancus the Orator with an elogie of his enterprises as fairely engraven as if writ on a Tablet whereof take the exact copy drawn out by Corona Pighio the best corrected of any other L. Munatius L. F. L. N. L. Preu Plvncus Cos. Cens. Imp. Iter. VII Vir. Ep. L Triumph Ex. Raetis AEdem Saturni Fecit de manibis Agros Divisit In Italiae Beneventi in Gallia Deduxit Colonias Lugdunum Rauticam From whence with certainty we collect the age of this Mauseolum for from the Offices and Magistracies administred by L. Plancus nominated in this writing we conclude it must be built fifteen or sixteen yeers before the birth of our Lord Christ and from our Annals of Magistrates it appears that he was laft of all Censor 25 yeers after his Consulacy and that he dyed in that dignity the yeer of Romes Rise seaven hundred thirty one And therefore may we assuredly believe that the Title making mention of his Censor ship this Fabrick was finished a little after his death and this inscription set up in honour of him for a memorial of his high dignity and other noble impresses Thus much shall suffice touching the Mauseolum of Plancus Strabo writes that the Lacedemonians who came in old time to inhabite there called this Promontory Gaeta from its Obliquity by which term all other things of a crooked nature were called in the Spartan tongue to wit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and this gave denomination to the Castle to the like purpose likewise we read that the antients termed any Dike or whirlepoole occafioned by earthquake caiaza Some say that the Trojan Armada burnt it self in the port of Gaeta and that t was therefore called Apo tou caiein which signifies to burn but be it as t will the better part of antient writers believe with Virgil the Prince of Poets who sings that AEneas returned from hell named the place Gaeta and was there buried from whence by opinion of the antients t was ever esteemed a most antique place You may with delight here have the prospect of Capua the Coun treys Falerna Stellata and Leborina the most beautiful parts of Italy whose hills are plentifully fraught with good wines whence who delight to drink well and to be intoxicated fetch from far these wines for the celebration of that gusto and here the antients were wont to say an important combate was fought between the Father Liberio the Finder of wine and Ceres the Goddesse who was the Daughter of Saturnus and Ope and wife of Osyris King of AEgypt whom the Greeks suppose to have first invented the sowing of wheat and barley which before grew wilde among other herbs c. The Gaetan port for its

and was present so much to his glory at the Councel of Basilea in the yeer 1440. It gave birth likewise to Galeozzo or Galeotto Bardasino whose vast body and strength acquired him the title of a Gyant of whose prowesse and noble Acts of Chevalry we have as large relations as any our Romances attribute to their Heroes The City Leontina or Leontio antiently inhabited by the Lestrigones was the birth place of Georgia the Philosopher and Orator and Agathone the Tragick Poet and since the faith of Christ planted there Alfio Filadolfio Cirino became Martyrs for it From the City Megara came Theo genes the Poet and Epicarmo the Comick Poet and Inventor of Comedies SYRACUSA Syracusa antiently the Metropolis of Sicilia and enobled by ma ny titles gave birth to many eminent men in all the sciences as to Theocrito the Bucolick Poet Filalao the Pythagorean Filomone the Comick Poet in the daies of Alexander the Great another Philomene a Comick who also had a Son of the same name and profession Sofrone a Comick in the daies of Euripides Corace one of the prime Inventors of the Art of Oratory and his Disciple Cesia no lesse eminent in Oratory Dione Siracusano who wrote of the Art of Rhetorick Sofane the Tragick Poet Epicarmo the most learned continued alwaies in Syracusa and at his death had a statue erected in honour of him Fotino the Comick Poet Carmo the Poet Menecrates the Physician and Philosopher Filosseno the Lyrick Callimaco who wrote in verse concerning this Island Mosco the Grammarian Jaceta the Pihlosopher Antioco the Historian Filisto an Historian and Father of Dionygio the Tyrant Callins the Historian Theodore the Philosopher who wrote of the Art of Warr Archetimus a Philosopher and Histo rian Archimede a Philosopher and excelling Mathematician with many others Amongst the holy Martyrs it afforded Lucia the Virgin and Stefano the third Pope From the County of Nea came Ducetio King of Sicilia Giovanni Aurispa a famous writer Antonio Cassarino a surpassing Orator Giovanni Martasio a most celebrated Poet and here also is the sepulchre of San Corrado the Placentian to whose merits they Fable many miracles From Agrigento a famous City issued the Conquerour in the Olympick games before Diodorus and Phalaris here exercised his cruel Tyranny which begot him the surname of Tyrant hence also proceeded Creone and Acrone both Philosophers and Physicians Polo the Orator Dinoloco a Comick Archino a Tragick Poet Sofocles and Xenocorate to whom Pindarus entituled two of his Odes In the City Therme now called Sacra were born Agathocles King of Syracusa and Thomaso Fazellio of the order of San Domenico who wrote the affairs of Sicilia in a large volume PALERMO THe City of Palermo is the fairest of all the others of this Island and at present the Metropolis and Regal Seat of which much will here be spoken she gave birth to Andrea the most antient and noble Philosopher who wrote the Civil history of the Sicilians but it was much more illustrated for the first breath it afforded to the Saints Oliva Nimfa both Martyred for the Faith of Christ Antonio called the Palermitan of the Knightly Family of Beccatelli of Bologna an Orator a noble Poet much ēdeared to all the Princes of his time When also flourished Pietro Ranzano of the Preaching order a Divine an Oratour and a famous Poet and at last Bishop of Lucera It bred also Monsignior Jacomo Lomellini its ArchBishop a learned Prelate and of great integrity of Life Sicily nourished also many other famous persons as well antient as modern as Sthenio Thermitano the defender of the Cities of Sicilia Stesicoro one of the new Lyricks of Greece Diodoro surnamed Siculo a famous and renowned Historian whose life the Author hereof hath wrote at large in another Treatise Thomaso Caula a Laureat Poet and many others Sharp and long wars were waged for the possession of this Island between the Romans and Carthaginians but the Romans at length remained Conquerours and reduced her into a province at the overthrow of Hie rone by Claudius Marcellus the Consul who was the last of those Tyrants under whom she had then tofore been subjected Then t was governed by Praetors till it fell into the power of the Emperors and Charles the great in which time the Empire and world being divided Sicilia Calabria and Puglia remained in obedience to the Emperors of Constantinople under whom it continued till Niceforus bcame Emperor in whose Reign the Saracens possessed it and Puglia the Mount Saint Angelo Nocero with other places in the yeer DCCCCXIIII hence they made frequent incursions into Calabria and to the very walls of Naples and Garigliano against whom Pope John the tenth with Alberico Masalpina his Kinsman great Duke of Tuscany armed themselves and with much difficulty and great slaughter drove them into the Monte Santo Angelo Which Alberico was Son of Alberto brother of Guido grand Marquesse of Tuscany some of whose medals I have seen with their Teste or Motto and on the reverse the flourishing Thorn tree the Arms of that Family in the hands of the Marquesse Lodovico Masalpina a Gentleman no lesse facetious then curious in collections The Saracini one hundred yeers after their in road into Italy were drove out by the Normandi who were Counts of Sicilia who for forty three yeers increased their Empire with much felicity till Ruberto Guis cardo seized Puglia in his own name and Sicilia in right of his Brother Ruggieri whereupon Pope Nicholas the second conceded to him the Title of Duke and created him Feudatory of the Church which was afterwards confirmed by Gregory the seventh who by him was freed from the injuries of Harry the third After whom Guglielmo the second was by Innocent the 4th created the first King to whom succeeded Gulielmo the third who deceasing without issue the Kingdome was usurped by one Taucredi a bastard of the Family of Guiscardi against whom Pope Clement and Celestine the third opposed themselves in the end Celestine gave Costanza the daughter of Ruggier the second a Nun in Palermo for wife to Henry the Son of Frederick the Emperor with the Title and right claim of the Kingdome whereupon Henry made war against Tancredi besieged and flew him in Naples and so succeeded in this Kingdome and Empire of his Father After whom followed Frederick the second his Son then Manfredo the bastard Son of Frederick got the Kingdom but was thence drove out by Charls of Anjou Brother of Saint Lewis King of France being called in and invested therein by the Pope under which Charls the Sicilians being complotted with by Pietro d' Arragona who married Costanza daughter of Manfredo at the sound of the Vespers Bell cut in peices all the French which were in Sicilia by which means Pietro became Lord of the Island which happened in the yeer 1283. By which occasion arose many contests and wars betwixt the Arragonians and the Anjouans for the