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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A04286	An apologie for the oath of allegiance first set foorth without a name, and now acknowledged by the authour, the Right High and Mightie Prince, Iames, by the grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. ; together with a premonition of His Maiesties, to all most mightie monarches, kings, free princes and states of Christendome.	James I, King of England, 1566-1625.; Paul V, Pope, 1552-1621.; Bellarmino, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Saint, 1542-1621.	1609 (1609)	STC 14401.5; ESTC S1249	109,056	264

great griefe of minde But forasmuch as we vnderstand that at this time all things are more grieuous our affliction hereby is wonderfully increased Tortus p. 28. 6 In the first article of the Statute the Lawes of Queene Elizabeth are confirmed Confutation There is no mention at all made of confirming the Lawes of Q. Elizabeth in the first article of that Statute Tortus p. 29. 7 In the 10. article of the sayd Statute it is added that if the Catholikes refuse the third time to take the Oath being tendered vnto them they shall incurre the danger of loosing their liues Confutation There is no mention in this whole Statute either of offring the oath the third time or any endangering of their liues Tortus p. 30. 8 In the 12. article it is enacted that whosoeuer goeth out of the land to serue in the warres vnder forreine Princes they shall first of all take this Oath or else be accounted for Traytors Confutation It is no where said in that Statute that they which shall thus serue in the warres vnder forreine Princes before they haue taken this Oath shal be accounted for Traitors but only for felons Tortus p. 35. 9 We haue already declared that the Popes Apostolike power in binding and loosing is denyed in that Oath of Allegeance Confutation There is no assertory sentence in that Oath nor any word but onely conditionall touching the power of the Pope in binding and loosing Tortus p. 37. 10 The Popes themselues euen wil they nill they were constrained to subiect themselues to Nero and Diocletian Confutation That Christians without exception not vpon constraint but willingly and for conscience sake did subiect themselues to the Ethnicke Emperours it may appeare by our Apologie p. 23 24. and the Apologetickes of the ancient Fathers Tortus p. 47. 11 In which words of the Breues of Clement the 8. not onely Iames King of Scotland was not excluded but included rather Confutation If the Breues of Clement did not exclude mee from the Kingdome but rather did include me why did Garnet burne them why would he not reserue them that I might haue seene them that so he might haue obtained more fauour at mine hands for him and his Catholickes Tortus p. 60. 12 Of those 14. articles contained in the Oath of Allegeance eleuen of them concerne the Primacie of the Pope in matters spirituall Confutation No one article of that Oath doeth meddle with the Primacie of the Pope in matters spirituall for to what end should that haue bene since we haue an expresse Oath els-where against the Popes Primacie in matters spirituall Tortus p. 64. 13 Amongst other calumnies this is mentioned that Bellarmine was priuie to sundry conspiracies against Q Elizabeth if not the authour Confutation It is no where said in the Apologie that Bellarmine was either the Authour or priuie to any conspiracies against Queene Elizabeth but that he was their principall instructer and teacher who corrupted their iudgement with such dangerous positions principles that it was an easie matter to reduce the generals into particulars and to apply the dictates which hee gaue out of his Chaire as opportunity serued to their seuerall designes Tortus p. 64. 14 For hee Bellarmine knoweth that Campian onely conspired against Hereticall impiety Confutation That the true and proper cause of Campians execution was not for his conspiring against hereticall impiety but for conspiring against Queene Elizabeth and the State of this Kingdome it was most euident by the iudiciall proceedings against him Tortus p. 65. 15 Why was H. Garnet a man incomparable for learning in all kindes and holinesse of life put to death but because hee would not reueale that which he could not doe with a safe conscience Confutation That Garnet came to the knowledge of this horrible plot not only in confession as this Libeller would haue it but by other meanes n●ither by the relation of one alone but by diuers so as hee might with safe conscience haue disclosed it See the Premonition p. 125 126 c. and the Earle of Northamptons Booke Tortus p. 71. 16 Pope Sixtus 5. neither commaunded the French King to be murdered neither approued that fact as it was done by a priuate person Confutation The falsehood of this doeth easily appeare by the Oration of Sixtus 5. Tortus p. 91. 17 That which is added concerning Stanley his Treason is neither faithfully nor truely related for the Apologer as his maner is doth miserably depraue it by adding many lyes Confutation That which the Apologie relateth concerning Stanley his Treason is word for word recited out of Cardinall Allens Apologie for Stanley●s treason as it is to be seene there Tortus p. 93. 18 It is very certaine that H. Garnet at his arraignment did alwayes constantly auouch that neither hee nor any Iesuite either were authors or compartners or aduisers or consenting any way to the powder-Treason And a little after The same thing he protested at his death in a large speech in the presence of innumerable people Confutation The booke of the proceedings against the late Traytors and our Premonition pag. 125 126 c. doe clearly prooue the contrary of this to be true Tortus p. 97. 19 King Iames since hee is no Catholike neither is hee a Christian Confutation Contrary I am a true Catholike a professour of the truely ancient Catholike and Apostolike faith and therefore am a true Christian See the confession of my faith in the Premonition pag. 35 36 c. Tortus p. 98. 20 And if the reports of them which knewe him most inwardly be trew When he was in Scotland he was a Puritane and an Enemie to Protestants Now in England hee professeth himselfe a Protestant and an Enemie to the Puritans Confutation Contrary and what a Puritane I was in Scotland See my 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and this my Premonition p. 44 45. ¶ His falsifications in his alledging of Histories together with a briefe declaration of their falshood The words of Tortus p. 70. 1 IT was certaine that hee Hnery 4. the Emperour died a naturall death Confutation It was not certaine since sundry Historians write otherwise that he dyed vpon his imprisonment by his sonne Henry 5. either with the noysomenesse and loathsomenesse of the prison or being pined to death by hunger Read Fasciculus temporum at the yeere 1094. Laziardus epitom vniuersal Histor c. 198. Paulus Langius in Chronico Citizensi at the yeere 1105. and Iacobus Wimphelingus epitome Rerum Germanic c. 28. Tortus p. 83. 2 Henry 4. the Emperour feared indeed but not any corporall death but the censure of Excommunication from the which that he might procure absolution of his owne accord he did thus demissely humble himselfe before Gregory 7. Confutation That Henry 4. thus deiected himselfe before the Pope it was neither of his owne accord neither vpon any feare of the Popes Excommunication which in this particular he esteemed of no force but vpon feare of

points that I haue already handled The Antichrist is foure times in my opinion described by Iohn in the Apocalyps in foure sundrie visions and a short Compendium of him repeated againe in the xx Chapter He is first described by a pale Horse in the vision of the Seales in the sixt Chapter For after that CHRIST had triumphed vpon a white Horse in the first Seale by the propagation of the Gospel and that the red Horse in the second Seale is as busie in persecution as CHRIST is in ouercomming by the constancie of his Martyrs and that famine and other plagues signified by the blacke Horse in the third Seale haue succeeded to these former persecutions Then commeth foorth the Antichrist vpon a pale Horse in the fourth Seale hauing Death for his rider and Hell for his conuoy which rider fitted well his colour of palenesse and he had power giuen him ouer the fourth part of the earth which is Europe to kill with the sword and vse great persecution as Ethnick Rome did figured by the red Horse and to kill vvith spirituall hunger or famine of the true word of GOD as the blacke Horse did by corporall famine and with death whereby spirituall death is meant For the Antichrist signified by this pale Horse shall afflict the Church both by persecution and temporall death as also by alluring the Nations to idolatry and so to spirituall death and by the beasts of the earth shall hee procure their spirituall death for hee shall send out the Locusts ouer whom he is King mentioned in the ninth Chapter of this booke and the three Frogges mentioned in the xvj of the same for intising of all Kings and Nations to drinke of the cup of her abominations That that decription now of Antichrist endeth there it is more then plaine for at the opening of the first Seale the soules and blood of the murthered Saints cry for vengeance and hasting of iudgement which in the sixt Seale is graunted vnto them by CHRISTS comming at the latter day signified by heauens departing away like a scrol when it is rolled with a number of other sentences to the same purpose But because this might seeme a short and obscure description of the Antichrist hee describeth him much more largely specifikely especially in the vision of the Trumpets in the ninth Chapter For there hee saith at the blowing of the fift Trumpet Heresies being first spread abroad in three of the four former blasts to wit in the first third and fourth blast for I take temporall perecution to be onely signified by the second blast hee then saw a starre fall from Heauen to whom was giuen the key of the bottomlesse pit which being opened by him with the smoke thereof came foorth a number of Locusts whom he largely describeth both by their craft and their strength and then telleth the name of this their King who brought them out of the bottomlesse pit which is Destroyer By this Starre fallen from heauen being signified as I take it some Person of great dignitie in the Church whose duetie being to giue light to the world as CHRIST saith doeth contrary thereunto fall away like Lucifer and set vp a Kingdome by the sending foorth of that noisome packe of craftie cruell vermine described by Locusts and so is the Seat of the Antichrist begun to bee erected whose doctrine is at length declared in the second vvoe after the blast of the sixt Trumpet where it is saide That the remnant of men which were not killed by the plagues repented not of the works of their hands that they should not worship Deuils and idols of golde and of siluer and of brasse and of stone and of wood which neither can see heare nor goe As for worshipping of Deuils looke your great Iesuited Doctor Vasques and as for all the rest it is the maine doctrine of the Romane Church And then it is subioyned in this text that they repented not of their murther their sorcerie their fornications nor their theft By their murther their persecution is meant and bloody massacres For their Sorcery consider of their Agnus Dei that will sloken fire of the hallowed shirts and diuers sorts of Reliques and also of Prayers that will preserue men from the violence of shot of fire of sword of thunder and such like dangers And iudge if this be not very like to Sorcerie and incantation of charmes By their Fornication is meant both their spirituall fornication of Idolatry and also their corporall fornication which doth the more abound amongst them as well by reason of the restraint of their Churchmen from marriage as also because of the many Orders of idle Monastike liues amongst them as well for men as women And continuall experience prooueth that idlenesse is euer the greatest spurre to lecherie And they are guiltie of Theft in stealing from GOD the titles and greatnes of power due to him and bestowing it vpon their head the Antichrist As also by heaping vp their treasure with their iuggling wares and merchandise of the soules of men by Iubiles Pardons Reliques and such like strong delusions That he endeth this description of Antichrist in the same ninth Chapter may likewise well appeare by the Oath that that Mightie Angell sweareth in the sixt verse of the tenth Chapter And after the blast of the sixt Trumpet that time shall be no more and that when the seuenth Angell shall blow his Trumpet the mysterie of GOD shal be finished as he had declared it to his seruants the Prophets Onely in the eleuenth Chapter he describeth the means whereby the Antichrist was ouercome whose raigne he had before described in the ix Chapter and telleth vs that the two witnesses after that they haue beene persecuted by the Antichrist shall in the end procure his destruction And in case any should thinke that the Antichrist is onely spoken of in the xj Chapter and that the Beast spoken of in the xiij and xvij Chapters doth onely signifie Ethnicke Rome there needeth no other refutation of that conceit then to remember them that the Antichrist is neuer named in all that xi Chapter but where hee is called in the seuenth verse thereof the Beast that commeth foorth of the bottomles pit which by the description of the place he commeth out of prooueth it to be the same Beast which hath the same originall in the xvij Chapter and in the very same words so as it is euer but the same Antichrist repeated and diuersly described in diuers visions Now in the xij and xiij Chapters and so foorth till the xvij he maketh a more large and ample propheticall description of the state of the Church and raigne of the Antichrist For in the xij Chap. he figureth the Church by a Woman flying from the Dragon the Deuill to the wildernesse And when the Dragon seeth he

this forme was this Treason reuealed to Garnet as himselfe confessed And next though he stood long vpon it that it was reuealed vnto him vnder the vaile of Confession in respect it was done in that time while as the partie was making his Confession vnto him Yet at the last he did freely confesse that the party reuealed it vnto him as they were walking and not in the time of Confession But hee said hee deliuered it vnto him vnder the greatest Seale that might be and so he tooke that he meant by the Seale of Confession And it had as he thought a relation to Confession in regard that he was that parties Confessor had taken his Confession sometimes before and was to take it againe within few dayes thereafter He also said that he pretended to the partie that he would not conceale it from his Superior And further it is to be noted that hee confessed that two diuers persons conferred with him anent this Treason and that when the one of them which was Catesby conferred with him thereupon it was in the other parties presence and hearing and what a Confession can this be in the hearing of a third person And how far his last wordes whereof our Answerer so much vaunts him did disproue it to haue been vnder Confession the Earle of Northamptons Booke doth beare witnesse Now as to the other parties name that reuealed the Powder-Treason vnto him it was Greenwell the Iesuite and so a Iesuite reuealed to a Iesuite this treasonable plot the Iesuite reuealer not shewing any remorse and the Iesuit whome to it was reuealed not so much as inioyning him any penance for the same And that ye may knowe that more Iesuites were also vpon the partie Owldcorne the other Powder-Martyr after the misgiuing and discouerie of that Treason preached consolatorie doctrine to his Catholike auditory exhorting them not to faint for the misgiuing of this enterprise nor to thinke the worse thereof that it succeeded not alleadging diuers Presidents of such godly enterprises that misgaue in like manner especially one of Saint Lewis King of France who in his second iourney to the Holy land died by the way the greatest part of his army being destroyed by the plague his first iourney hauing likewise misgiuen him by the Soldans taking of him exhorting them thereupon not to giue ouer but still to hope that God would blesse their enterprise at some other time though this did faile Thus see ye now with what boldnes and impudencie he hath belied the publikely knowen veritie in this errand both in auowing generally that no Iesuite was any waies guilty of that treason for so he affirmeth in his Booke and also that Garnet knewe nothing thereof but vnder the Seale of Confession But if this were the first lie of the affaires of this State which my fugitiue Priestes and Iesuites haue coined and spread abroad I could charme them of it as the prouerbe is But as well the walles of diuers Monasteries and Iesuites Colleges abroad are filled with the painting of such lying Histories as also the bookes of our said fugitiues are farced with such sort of shamelesse stuffe such are the innumerable sorts of torments and cruell deathes that they record their Martyrs to haue suffered here some torne at foure Horses some sowed in Beares skinnes and then killed with Dogges nay women haue not beene spared they say and a thousand other strange fictions the vanities of all which I will in two words discouer vnto you First as for the cause of their punishment I doe constantly maintaine that which I haue said in my Apology That no man either in my time or in the late Queenes euer died here for his conscience For let him be neuer so deuout a Papist nay though hee professe the same neuer so constantly his life is in no danger by the Law if hee breake not out into some outward acte expresly against the words of the Law or plot not some vnlawfull or dangerous practise or attempt Priests and Popish Church-men onely excepted that receiue orders beyond the seas who for the manifold treasonable practises that they haue kindled plotted in this countrey are discharged to come home againe vnder paine of treason after their receiuing of the saide Orders abroad and yet without some other guilt in them then their bare home-comming haue none of thē bin euer put to death And next for the cruell torments strange sorts of death that they say so many of them haue bin put vnto if there were no more but the Lawe and continually obserued custome of England these many hundred yeeres in all criminall matters it will sufficiently serue to refute all these monstrous lies for no tortures are euer vsed here but the Manicles or the Racke and these neuer but in cases of high Treason and all sorts of Traitours die but one maner of death here whether they bee Papist or Protestant traitours Queene Maries time only excepted For then indeede no sorts of cruell deathes were spared vnexecuted vpon men women and children professing our Religion yea euen against the lawes of God and Nature women with childe were put to cruell death for their profession and a liuing childe falling out of the mothers belly was throwen in the same fire againe that consumed the mother But these tyrannous persecutions were done by the Bishops of that time vnder the warrant of the Popes authoritie and therefore were not subiect to that constant order and formes of execution which as they are heere established by our Lawes and customes so are they accordingly obserued in the punishment of all criminals For all Priests and Popish Traitours heere receiue their Iudgement in the temporall Courts and so doe neuer exceed those formes of execution which are prescribed by the Law or approued by continuall custome One thing is also to be marked in this case that strangers are neuer called in question here for their Religion which is far otherwise I hope in any place where the Inquisition domines But hauing now too much wearied you with this long discourse whereby I haue made you plainely see that the wrong done vnto me in particular first by the Popes Breues and then by these Libellers doth as deepely interest you all in generall that are Kings free Princes or States as it doth mee in particular I will now conclude with my humble prayers to God that he will waken vs vp all out of that Lethargike slumber of Securitie wherein our Predecessors and we haue lien so long and that wee may first grauely consider what wee are bound in conscience to doe for the planting and spreading of the true worship of God according to his reuealed will in all our Dominions therein hearing the voice of our onely Pastor for his Sheepe will know his voyce as himselfe saith and not following the vaine corrupt changeable traditions of men And next that wee may prouidently looke to the securitie of our owne States and

our owne time and therein remember what a Panegyrik oration was made by the Pope in praise and approbation of the Frier and his fact that murthered king Henry the third of France who was so farre from either being Heretike Ethnike or Persecutor in their account that the said Popes owne wordes in that oration are That a true Frier hath killed a counterfeit Frier And besides that vehement oration and congratulation for that fact how neere it scaped that the said Frier was not canonized for that glorious acte is better knowen to Bellarmine and his followers then to vs here But sure I am if some Cardinals had not beene more wise and circumspect in that errand then the Pope himselfe was the Popes owne Kalender of his Saints would haue sufficiently proued Bellarmine a liar in this case And to draw yet nerer vnto our selues how many practises and attempts were made against the late Queenes life which were directly enioyned to those Traitours by their Confessors and plainely authorized by the Popes allowance For verification whereof there needes no more proofe then that neuer Pope either then or since called any Church-man in question for medling in those treasonable conspiracies nay the Cardinals owne S. Sanderus mentioned in his letter could well verifie this trueth if he were aliue and who will looke his bookes will find them filled with no other doctrine then this And what difference there is betweene the killing or allowing the slaughter of Kings and the stirring vp and approbation of practises to kil them I remit to Bellarmines owne iudgement It may then very clearely appeare how strangely this Authours passion hath made him forget himselfe by implicating himselfe in so strong a contradiction against his owne knowledge and conscience against the witnesse of his former bookes and against the practise of our owne times But who can wonder at this contradiction of himselfe in this point when his owne great Volumes are so filled with contradictions which when either he or any other shall euer be able to reconcile I wil then beleeue that he may easily reconcile this impudent strong deniall of his in his letter of any Popes medling against Kings with his owne former bookes as I haue alreadie said And that I may not seeme to imitate him in affirming boldly that which I no wayes proue I will therefore send the Reader to looke for witnesses of his contradictions in such places heere mentioned in his owne booke In his booke of Iustification there he affirmeth That for the vncertaintie of our owne proper righteousnes and for auoiding of vaine glory it is most sure and safe to repose our whole confidence in the alone mercie and goodnes of God Which proposition of his is directly contrary to the discourse and current of all his fiue bookes de Iustificatione wherein the same is conteined God doeth not encline a man to euill neither naturally or morally Presently after he affirmeth the contrary That God doeth not encline to euill naturally but morally All the Fathers teach constantly That Bishops do succeede the Apostles and Priestes the seuentie disciples Elsevvhere he affirmeth the contrary That Bishops do not properly succeed the Apostles That Iudas did not beleeue Contrary That Iudas was iust and certainely good The keeping of the Law according to the substance of the worke doeth require that the Commandement be so kept that sinne be not committed and the man bee not guiltie for hauing not kept the Commandement Contrary It is to bee knowen that it is not all one to doe a good morall worke and to keepe the Commandement according to the substance of the worke For the Commandement may be kept according to the substance of the worke euen with sinne as if one should restore to his friend the thing committed to him of trust to the end that theeues might afterward take it from him Peter did not loose that faith whereby the heart beleeueth vnto iustification Contrary Peters sinne was deadly Antichrist shall bee a Magician and after the maner of other Magicians shall secretly worship the Deuill Contrary He shall not admit of idolatrie he shall hate idoles and reedifie the Temple By the words of Consecration the true and solemne oblation is made Contrary The sacrifice doeth not consist in the words but in the oblation of the thing it selfe That the ende of the world cannot bee knowen Contrary After the death of Antichrist there shall bee but fiue and fourtie daies till the ende of the world That the tenne Kings shall burne the scarlet Whoore that is Rome Contrary Antichrist shall hate Rome and fight against it and burne it The name of vniuersall Bishop may be vnderstood two wayes one way that hee which is said to be vniuersal Bishop may be thought to be the onely Bishop of all Christian cities so that all others are not indeed Bishops but only Vicars to him who is called vniuersal Bishop in which sense the Pope is not vniuersall Bishop Contrary All ordinary iurisdiction of Bishops doeth descend immediatly from the Pope and is in him and from him is deriued to others Which few places I haue onely selected amongst many the like that the discret and iudicious Reader may discerne ex vngue Leonem For when euer hee is pressed with a weightie obiection he neuer careth nor remembreth how his solution and answere to that may make him gainesay his owne doctrine in some other places so it serue him for a shift to put off the present storme withall But now to returne to our matter againe Since Popes saith hee haue neuer at any time medled against Kings wherefore I pray you should onely the King of England bee afraid of that whereof neuer Christian King is or was afraid Was neuer Chistian Emperour or King afraid of the Popes How then were these miserable Emperours tost and turmoiled and in the end vtterly ruined by the Popes for proofe whereof I haue already cited Bellarmines owne bookes Was not the Emperour afraid who waited bare-footed in the frost and snow three dayes at the Popes gate before hee could get entrie Was not the Emperour also afraide who was driuen to lie agroofe on his belly and suffer another Pope to tread vpon his necke And was not another Emperour afraide who was constrained in like manner to indure a third Pope to beat off from his head the Imperiall Crowne with his foote Was not Philip afraid being made Emperour against Pope Innocentius the thirds good liking when he brake out into these wordes Either the Pope shal take the Crowne from Philip or Philip shal take the Miter from the Pope whereupon the Pope stirred vp Ottho against him who caused him to be slaine and presently went to Rome and was crowned Emperour by the Pope though afterward the Pope deposed him too Was not the Emperour

after such things but for them that were throughly instructed in Gods word they could neuer suffer any syllable thereof to be corrupted Nay if need required they would for the maintenance thereof refuse no kinde of death Indeed the loue of the Emperour ought to be greatly esteemed with pietie but pietie taken away it was pernicious This is the truth of the history Now compare the case of Basill with the Arch-priests Basill was solicited to become an Arrian the Arch-priest not once touched for any article of faith Basill would haue obeyed the Emperour but that the word of GOD for bade him this man is willed to obey because the word of GOD commandeth him Basill highly esteemed the Emperours fauour if it might haue stood with pietie the Archpriest is exhorted to reiect it though it stand with true godlinesse in deed to embrace it But that hee may lay load vpon the Arch-priest it is not sufficient to exhort him to courage and constancie by Eleazars and Basils examples but hee must be vtterty cast downe with the comparing his fall to S. Peters and Marcellinus which two mens cases were the most feareful considering their persons and places that are to be found or read of either in all the books of diuine Scripture or the volumes of Ecclesiasticall histories the one denying the onely true God the other our Lord Sauiour IESVS CHRIST the one sacrificing to idols with the profane heathen the other forswearing his Lord and Master with the hard-hearted Iewes Vnlesse the Cardinall would driue the Archpriest to some horrour of conscience and pit of despaire I know not what hee can meane by this comparison For sure I am all that are not intoxicated with their cup cannot but woonder to heare of an Oath of Allegiance to a naturall Soueraigne to bee likened to an Apostats denying of God and forswearing of his Sauiour But to let passe the Disdiapason of the cases as his ill-fauoured coupling S. Peter the head of their Church with an apostate Pope I maruaile he would remember this example of Marcellinus since his brother Cardinall Baronius and the late edition of the Councels by Binnius seeme to call the credite of the whole history into question saying That it might plainely be refuted and that it is probably to be shewed that the story is but obreptitious but that he would not swarue from the common receiued opinion And if a man might haue leaue to coniecture so would his Cardinalship too if it were not for one or two sentences in that Councell of Sinuessa which serued for his purpose namely that Prima sedes à nemine iudicatur And Iudica causam tuam nostrâ sententià non condemnaberis But to what purpose a great Councel as he termes it of three hundred Bishops and others should meete together who before they met knew they could doe nothing when they were there did nothing but like Cuckowes sing ouer and ouer the same song that Prima sedes à nemine iudicatur and so after three dayes sitting a long time indeed for a great and graue Councell brake so bluntly vp and yet that there should be seuenty two witnesses brought against him and that they should subscribe his excommunication and that at his owne mouth he tooke the Anathema maranatha how these vntoward contradictions shal be made to agree I must send the Cardinall to Venice to Padre Paulo who in his Apologie against the Cardinals oppositions hath handled them very learnedly But from one Pope let vs passe to another for what a principall article of faith and religion this Oath is I haue alreadie sufficiently proued Why he called S. Gregory our Apostle I know not vnlesse perhaps it be for that he sent Augustine the Monke and others with him into England to cōuert vs to the faith of Christ wherein I wish the Popes his successours would follow his patterne For albeit he sent them by diuine reuelation as he said into England vnto King Ethelbert yet when they came they exercised no part of their function but by the Kings leaue and permission So did King Lucius send to Eleutherius his predecessor and hee sent him diuers Bishops who were all placed by the Kings authoritie These conuerted men to the faith and taught them to obey the King And if the Popes in these dayes would but insist in these steps of their forefathers then would they not intertaine Princes fugitiues abroad nor send them home not onely without my leaue but directly against the lawes with plots of treason and doctrine of rebellion to drawe Subiects from their obedience to mee their naturall King nor be so cruell to their owne Mancipia as returning them with these wares put either a State in iealousie of them or them in hazard of their owne liues Now to our Apostle since the Cardinall will haue him so called I perswade my selfe I should doe a good seruice to the Church in this my labour if I could but reape this one fruit of it to moue the Cardinal to deale faithfully with the Fathers and neuer to alledge their opinions against their owne purpose For this letter of Gregorius was written to Iohn Bishop of Palermo in Sicily to whom he granted vsum pallij to be worne in such times in such order as the Priests in the I le of Sicily and his predecessours were wont to vse and withall giueth him a caueat that the reuerence to the Apostolike Sea be not disturbed by the presumption of any for then the state of the members doth remaine sound when the head of the Faith is not bruised by any iniury and the authoritie of the Canons alwayes remaine safe and sound Now let vs examine the words The epistle was written to a Bishop especially to grant him the vse of the Pall a ceremony and matter indifferent As it appeareth the Bishop of Rome tooke it well at his hands that hee would not presume to take it vpon him without leaue from the Apostolique Sea giuing him that admonition which foloweth in the words alledged out of him which doctrine we are so far frō impugning that we altogether approue allow of the same that whatsoeuer ceremonie for order is thought meet by the Christian Magistrat and the Church the same ought inuiolably to bee kept and where the head gouernour in matters of that nature are not obeyed the members of that Church must needs run to hellish confusion But that Gregory by that terme caput fidei held himselfe the head of our faith and the head of all Religion cannot stand with the course of his doctrine and writings For first whē an other would haue had this stile to be called Vniuersalis Episcopus hee sayd I doe confidently auouch that whosoeuer calleth himselfe or desireth to be called Vniuersall Bishop in this aduancing of himselfe is the forerunner of the Antichrist Which notwithstanding was a stile far inferiour to

that of Caput fidei And when it was offered to himselfe the wordes of S. Gregorie be these refusing that title None of my predecessors Bishops of Rome euer consented to vse this prophane name of vniuersall Bishop None of my predecessors euer tooke vpon him this name of singularity neither consented to vse it We the Bishops of Rome do not seek nor yet accept this glorious title being offered vnto vs. And now I pray you would he that refused to be called vniuersall Bishop be stiled Caput fidei vnles it were in that sense as I haue expressed which sense if he will not admit giue mee leaue to say that of Gregorie which himselfe saith of Lyra Minus cautè locutus est or which hee elswhere saith of Chrysostome Locutus est per excessum To redeeme therefore our Apostle out of his hands to let him remain ours not his in this case it is very true that he saith in that sense he spake it Whē ye go about to disturbe diminish or take away the authoritie or Supremacie of the Church which resteth on the head of the King within his dominions ye cut off the head chiefe gouernor therof disturb the state members of the whole body And for a conclusiō of this point I pray him to think that we are so well perswaded of the good minde of our Apostle S. Gregory to vs that we desire no other thing to bee suggested to the Pope and his Cardinals then our Apostle S. Gregory desired Sabinian to suggest vnto the Emperour and the State in his time His words be these One thing there is of which I would haue you shortly to suggest to your most noble Lord and Master That if I his seruant would haue had my hand in slaying of the Lombards at this day the nation of the Lombards had neither had king nor dukes nor earles and had bin diuided asunder in vtter confusion but because I feare God I dread to haue my hand in the blood of any man And thus hauing answered to S. Gregory I come to another Pope his Apostle S. Leo. And that hee may see I haue not in the former citations quarelled him like a Sophister for contentiō sake but for finding out of the trueth I do grant that the authorities out of Leo are rightly alleadged all three the wordes truely set downe together with his true intent and purpose but withall let mee tell him and I appeale vnto his owne conscience whether I speake not truely that what Tullie said to Hortensius when hee did immoderately praise eloquence that he would haue lift her vp to Heauen that himselfe might haue gone vp with her So his S. Leo lift vp S. Peter with praises to the sky that he being his heire might haue gone vp with him For his S. Leo was a great Orator who by the power of his eloquence redeemed Rome from fire when both Attilas and Gensericus would haue burnt it Some fruits of this rhetorick he bestowed vpon S. Peter saying The Lord did take Peter into the fellowship of the indiuisible vnitie which words being coupled to the sentence alleadged by the Cardinall That hee hath no part in the diuine Mysterie that dare depart from the soliditie of Peter should haue giuen him I thinke such a scarre as hee should neuer haue dared to haue taken any aduātage by the words immediatly preceding for the benefit of the Church of Rome and the head therof since those which immediatly folow are so much derogatory to the diuine Maiestie And againe My writings be strengthened by the authoritie and merit of my Lord most blessed S. Peter We beseech you to keepe the things decreed by vs through the inspiration of God and the Apostle most blessed S. Peter If any thing be well done or decreed by vs If any thing be obtained of Gods mercy by daily praiers it is to be ascribed to S. Peters works and merits whose power doth liue authority excell in his owne Sea He was so plentifully watered of the very fountaine of all graces that whereas he receiued many things alone yet nothing passeth ouer to any other but hee was partaker of it And in a word he was so desirous to extoll S. Peter That a messenger from him was an embassage from S. Peter any thing done in his presence was in S. Peters presence Neither did he vse all this Rhetoricke without purpose for at that time the Patriarch of Constantinople cōtended with him for Primacie And in the Councell of Chalcedon the Bishops sixe hundred and more gaue equall authority to the Patriarch of that Sea and would not admit any priuiledge to the Sea of Rome aboue him but went against him And yet he that gaue so much to Peter tooke nothing from Caesar but gaue him both his Titles and due giuing the power of calling a Councell to the Emperour as it may appeare by these one or two places following of many If it may please your godlinesse to vouchsafe at our supplication to condescend that you wil command a Councell of Bishops to bee holden within Italy and writing vnto the Bishop of Constantinople Because the most clement Emperor carefull of the peace of the Church will haue a Councell to be holden albeit it euidently appeare the matter to be handled doeth in no case stand in need of a Councell And againe Albeit my occasions wil not permit me to be present vpon the day of the Councell of Bishops which your godlinesse hath appointed So as by this it may well appeare that he that gaue so much to Peter gaue also to Caesar his due and prerogatiue But yet he playeth not faire play in this that euen in all these his wrong applied arguments and examples he produceth no other witnesses but the parties themselues bringing euer the Popes sentences for approbation of their owne authoritie Now indeed for one word of his in the middest of his examples I cannot but greatly cōmend him that is that Martyrs ought to indure all sorts of tortures and death before they suffer one syllable to be corrupted of the Law of God Which lesson if hee and all the rest of his owne profession would apply to themselues then would not the Sacrament be administred sub vnâ specie directly contrary to Christes institution the practise of the Apostles and of the whole Primitiue Church for many hundred yeeres then would not the priuate Masses bee in place of the Lordes Supper then would not the words of the Canon of the Masse be opposed to the words of S. Paul and S. Luke as our Aduersary himselfe confesseth and cannot reconcile them nor then would not so many hundreths other traditions of men be set vp in their Church not only as equall but euen preferred to the word of God But sure in this point I fear I haue mistaken him for I

thinke he doth not meane by his Diuina Dogmata the word of the God of heauen but onely the Canons and Lawes of his Dominus Deus Papa otherwise all his Primacie of the Apostolike Sea would not be so much sticken vpon hauing so slender ground in the word of God And for the great feare he hath that the suddennes of the apprehension the bitternes of the persecution the weaknesse of his age and other such infirmities might haue bene the cause of the Arch-priests fall in this I haue already sufficiently answered him hauing declared as the trueth is and as the said Blackwel himselfe wil yet testifie that he took this Oath freely of himselfe without any inducement therunto either Precebus or Minis But amongst all his citations he must not forget holy Sanderus and his Vi●ibilis Monarchia whose person and actions I did already a little touch And surely who will with vnpartiall eyes read his bookes they may well thinke that he hath deserued wel of his English Roman-Church but they can neuer thinke but that he deserued very ill of his English Soueraigne and State Witnesse his owne books whereout I haue made choice to set downe here these few sentences following as flowers pickt out of so worthy a garland Elisabeth Queene of England doth exercise the Priestly act of teaching and preaching the Gospel in England with no lesse authority then Christ himself or Moses euer did The supremacy of a woman in Church matters is from no other then from the Deuill And of all things in generall thus he speaketh The King that wil not inthrall himselfe to the Popes authority he ought not to be tolerated but his Subiects ought to giue all diligence that another may be chosen in his place assoone as may be A King that is an Heretike ought to be remoued from the kingdome that he holdeth ouer Christians and the Bishops ought to endeuour to set vp another assoone as possibly they can Wee doe constantly affirme that all Christian Kings are so far vnder Bishops and Priestes in all matters appertaining to faith that if they shall continue in a falt against Christian Religion after one or two admonitions obstinately for that cause they may and ought to be deposed by the Bishops from their temporal authority they hold ouer Christiās Bishops are set ouer temporall kingdomes if those kingdomes do submit themselues to the faith of Christ We doe iustly affirme that all Secular power whether Regall or any other is of Men. The anoynting which is powred vpon the head of the King by the Priest doeth declare that he is inferiour to the Priest It is altogether against the will of CHRIST that Christian Kings should haue supremacie in the Church And whereas for the crowne and conclusion of all his examples he reckoneth his two English martyrs Moore and Roffensis who died for that one most weighty head of doctrine as he alleadgeth refusing the Oath of Supremacie I must tel him that he hath not bene well informed in some materiall points which doe very neerly concerne his two said martyrs For it is cleare and apparantly to be prooued by diuers Records that they were both of them committed to the Tower about a yeere before either of them was called in question vpon their liues for the Popes Supremacie And that partly for their backwardnesse in the point of the establishment of the Kings succession wherunto the whole Realme had subscribed and partly for that one of them to wit Fisher had had his hand in the matter of the holy mayd of Kent he being for his concealement of that false prophets abuse found guiltie of misprision of treason And as these were the principall causes of their imprisonment the King resting secure of his Supremacie as the Realme stood then affected but especially troubled for setling the crowne vpon the issue of his second marriage so was it easily to be conceiued that being thereupon discontented their humors were therby made apt to draw them by degrees to further opposition against the King and his authoritie as indeed it fell out For in the time of their being in prison the Kings lawfull authoritie in cases Ecclesiasticall being published and promulged as wel by a generall decree of the Clergie in their Synode as by an Act of Parliament made thereupon they behaued themselues so peeuishly therein as the old coales of the Kings anger being thereby raked vp of new they were againe brought in question as wel for this one most weighty head of doctrine of the Pope his supremacy as for the matter of the Kings marriage and succession as by the confession of one of themselues euen Thomas Moore is euident For being condemned he vsed these wordes at the barre before the Lords Non ignoro cur me morti adiudicaueritis videlicet ob id quod nunquam voluerim assentiri in negotio matrimonij Regis That is I am not ignorant why you haue adiudged me to death to wit for that I would neuer consent in the busines of the new marriage of the King By which his owne confession it is plaine that this great martyr himselfe tooke the cause of his owne death to be only for his being refractary to the King in this said matter of Marriage and succession which is but a very fleshly cause of martyrdome as I conceiue And as for Roffensis his fellow Martyr who could haue bene content to haue taken the Oath of the Kings Supremacy with a certaine modification which Moore refused as his imprisonment was neither onely nor principally for the cause of Supremacy so died he but a halting and a singular Martyr or witnes for that most waightie head of doctrine the whole Church of England going at that time in one current and streame as it were against him in that argument diuerse of them being of farre greater reputation for learning and sound iudgement then euer he was So as in this point we may wel arme our selues with the Cardinals own reason where hee giueth amongst other notes of the true Church Vniuersalitie for one we hauing the generall and Catholike conclusion of the whole Church of England on our side in this case as appeareth by their booke set out by the whole Conuocation of England called The institution of a Christian man the same matter being likewise very learnedly handled by diuers particular learned men of our Church as by Steuen Gardiner in his booke de vera obedientia with a preface of Bishop Boners adioyned to it De summo absoluto Regis Imperio published by M Bekinsaw De vera differentia Regiae Potestatis Ecclesiasticae Bishop Tonstals Sermon Bishop Longlands Sermon the letter of Tonstall to Cardinall Poole and diuers other both in English and Latine And if the bitternesse of Fishers discontentment had not bene fed with his daily ambitious expectation of the Cardinals hat which came so neere as Calis