vnto whoÌ Origenes his sonne being but of the age of eighteene yeares said O good father take heed that for vs you chaunge not your purpose This Origen after his fathers goods were confiscated for the Faith he nourished his mother and 6. brethren by being a Schoole maister Zephyrim a Romane the 14. Bishop of Rome ruled seuenteene yeares as Eusebius saith In the first Tome of Councells we finde two of his Decretall Epistles one vnto the Bishops of Cicilie the other to them of Egipt which represent vnto vs no other forme of gouernment then that we see described almost in all the Epistles attributed vnto the Bishoppes of Rome In the first hee makes mention of iudgements which ought to be constituted by 12. Iudges in causes of Patriarkes and Primates Not to admit indifferently all such as accuse Priests He sought to establish the Supremacie and that men should appeale vnto the Apostolicke seate of Rome And therefore he called himselfe Arch-bishop In the second hee establisheth certaine ceremonies in Priests orders to elect such as were wise and approued and in the presence of all Damasus attributed vnto him the decree to vse in the Eucharist Cuppes of Glasse or Tinne and not of wood Also to receiue the Eucharist once at the least in the yeare from the age of 12. and aboue It shall afterward be shewed what estimation men ought to make of those things and of the Epistles called Decretalls which are attributed vnto the Romane Bishops He excommunicated Natalius the Confessor for ioyning with Heretickes ouer whom he suffered himselfe to be made Bishop Zephyrim would not receiue him to his repentance vnlesse openly he shewed good tokens thereof Bassianus Antoninus surnamed Caracalla the 22. Emperour of Rome raigned sixe or seuen yeares after some Incestuous and cruell he tooke his mother in lawe to wife called Iulia and slew his brother Geta and his Vncle. Of his Cousin called Saeuis or Seua or Semyamira or Seulasyra he engendered Heliagabalus who was after Emperour He was slaine of the age of 43. yeares by the Ambush of Macrinus his successor as he discended from his horse and drew aside to make water Papinianus a Lawier was slaine by the Emperour because he allowed not the murder commited against his brother Geta. Macrin Optius the 23. Emperour borne at Marusia raigned a yeare and two monethes a man lasciuious shamelesse in words impudent sacralegious and bloudie hee was slaine with Diadumenus his sonne of the age of 50. yeares and more Heliogabalus called Varius Heliogabalus the 24. Emperour raigned foure yeares He was rather a Monster then a Prince as giuen to al vncleannesse filthinesse a contemner of all Religion except he reuerenced the Sunne whose high Priest hee had bene and therefore called himselfe Heliogabalus Hee died of a death worthy his life slaine by a military tumult with his mother and their bodies were drawne through the streets and after cast into Tiber. He raigned two yeares eight moneths and adopted Alexander Seuerus He builded a Citie called Oresta where he commaunded to sacrifice humane Hostes and reasonable creatures Calixtus or after Eusebius Calistus a Romaine the 15. Bishop of Rome ruled sixe or seuen yeares The Epistles attributed vnto him shewe the forme of his gouernment One vnto Benit the Bishop and the other vnto the Bishops of Gaul There is attributed vnto him an Edict common to all Bishops that no accusation should be receiued against Clarkes and commaunded that each one should take heed they made no conspiration against Bishops It is credible in the time wherein persecutions were continually kindled that such an Edict should be commaunded the faithfull which scant durst shewe themselues Item that none might communicate with such as were excommunicated And that marriages of Cousin-germaine should not bee admitted and if they were made to breake them In one of his Epistles there is an euill exposition that the wife of a Bishop is interpreted a Church or a Parish of which it is not lawfull during his life to dispose any thing without his will nor to enioy the company that is to say ordination of an other The first decretall instituteth the Fast of the foure times and seasons of the yeare Damasus saith that he ordeined a Fast of three times because of Corne Wine and Oyle And further That Calixtus made three times orders in December and ordeined sixteene Priests foure Deacons and eight Bishops in diuers places and finally that hee suffered Martirdome vnder Alexander the Emperour It is vncertaine whether it was this Calixt that made the ordinance for the single life of Priests For concerning this the two Decretalls attributed vnto him make no mention thereof neither is it found in the first volume of Councells Againe in the Councell of Nice there is nothing alleadged of the said ordinance yea and that more is there was made there a statute to the contrary at the exhortation of Pathuntius as shall be said after Alexander Seuerus the sonne of Mamea the 25. Emperour was excellent and vertuous he raigned 13. or 14. yeares a friend of the Christians his mother had beene instructed by Origen he was slaine with his mother of the age of 19. yeares by treason by Theeues which in the time of Heliogabalus hauing bene in honour had bene cast out from their dignities and offices He caused to be published this lawe to be inuiolably kept Doo to an other no other thing then thou wouldest should be done vnto thy selfe Porphirius of Cicile a Philosopher left the Faith and was an Apostate in despite of the Christians of whom he said hee had bene iniuried Vlpianus a Lawier in this time Vrban a Romane Bishop of Rome ruled eight or nine yeares Damasus saith he was of an holy life So that he drew certaine Gentlemen as Tiburcius and Valerian S. Cecile her husband to the Christian faith Some attribute vnto him a Decretall Epistle to all Bishops speaking of a common life such as was in the time of the Apostles but he speakes not as it was Some attributes vnto him Edicts to assure the Gods of the Church as they call them And he speakes a litle of the vowe of such as promise to possesse nothing of their owne He Instituted the confirmation after Baptisme by imposition of the Bishops hands to obtaine the holy Ghost and that they are made full Christians c. There is none but he may see herein not onely a Sacriledge but also an execrable blaspemie forged in the shop of this slauish Decretists Damasus attributeth vnto him the ordinance that the Communion Cuppes should be no more of Glasse but either of Siluer or at the least of Pewter Wherevpon Boniface Bishop of Magunce said In old time goldeÌ Priests vsed wodden Chalices but now wodden Priests vse Golden Chalices That Confirmation ought to be with Creame That the foure times Fast ought to be obserued That Churches should haue lands
which they chose from among the people hauing charge of things which belonged to the Temple to Iustice and the gouernment of the Church When Iesus had chased from the Temple the buyers and sellers the next morning the high Priests and Elders of the people came to him asking by what authoritie he did those things Math. 21. About the 20. yeare of Christ and the fift of Tiberius as Eusebius saith in his Chronicle thirteene Townes of Asia were ouerthrowne by an Earthquake namely Ephesus Sardis Mesthenes Megechiere Cesarea Magnesia Philadelphia Hincel Tenus Cume Mirthina Apollonia Diahyrcania Such iudgements of God ought to serue for aduertisements and instructions vnto vs. Our Lord Iesus Christ exercised his Ministerie and office the space of three yeares three moneths and tenne dayes and the beginning is taken from his thirtieth yeare because in S. Luke it is said that Iesus began to be about thirtie yeares of age He suffered death and passion the yeare 34. according to the supputation of many authors Caius Caligula was an horrible Monster who by his wicked life despited heauen and earth vttering his furie through all the iurisdictions of the Romane Empire and by his Edicts would needs make himselfe a God But finally he was taken with a straunge death Iosephus maketh a singular recitall thereof in the 1. Chapter of the 20. booke of Antiquities Chareas Sabinus Aquila and others which of long time had conspired his death slew him cruelly after he had raigned three yeares tenne monethes and eight dayes His body as Suetonius rehearseth was secretly carried to the Gardens of Lamius and being halfe burnt was couered with a litle earth He was of the age of 24. yeares Such a Tirant who had prouoked both God and men against him could no otherwise end his daies Caligula banished Herod the Tetrarch who went to Rome at the perswasion of Herodias the yeare 40. into the Towne of Lions in Gaul where he died in pouertie with the said Herodias his harlot The same yeare the Iewes endured great afflictions One was at Alexandria vpon this occasion Caligula had ordained that through all the Iurisdiction of the Romanes there should be builded vnto him Temples and Aultars where they should worship him as God The Iewes alone resisted his impietie Then were there many Grecians in Alexandria who wished death vnto the Iewes therefore then they tooke occasion to make them odious vnto the Emperour except they obeyed his ordinance When it came to proofe the Iewes resisted it strongly and the sedition about it was such that many were slaine on both sides The cause was finally debated at Rome and Caligula a peruerse man made chase away Philo the Iewe who pleaded the Iewes cause Who then said It behooueth vs whom the Emperour hateth to take courage For it is necessarie that God should helpe when humane succours faileth Caligula vsed to say Would to God the Romane people had but one Head The Iewes also were greatly afflicted in Babilon of the Chaldeans and in Seleucia of Siria There were two brethren Iewes of base condition the one named Asniens and the other Anileus the which being Robbers and Theeues they gathered together a great number of Rake-hells and disordered persons Artanabus seeing this euill encrease thought good to remedie it But it was too late And finally mooued with the prowesse of these two yoong men receiued them into amitie and gaue them the gouernment of the Kingdome of Babilon See Ioseph in the 18. Booke and last Chapter Iesus Christ ascended visibly into Heauen to confirme his Resurrection the better and the glorie of his Kingdome 40. dayes after his Resurrection His Disciples yet dreamed of an earthly kingdome of Messias asked of him if he would not begin it But Iesus Christ after he had spoken of the eternall Kingdome and had blessed them was lifted vp aloft and a bright Cloude receiued him into Heauen where he sitteth at the right hand and power of God Now then we must consider what aduancements and encrease the Primitiue Church made by the Apostles and their Disciples that all the faithfull may know that Iesus Christ the King of glory remaineth not Idle in Heauen but by an admirable manner maintained gouerneth and aydeth his that his Gospell may be sowne through the world But as God shewed that honour to the Land of Canaan as to giue it the promises touching the Redeemer so there also by his death he obtained saluation vnto mankinde Aboue all Countries Asia the lesse had at that time the most flourishing Churches After the Ascention of Christ there was an excellent Church in Ierusalem In the first of the Acts it is recited that there were about sixe score persons at the beginning The holy scripture calleth Churches the publicke assemblies of many faithfull Tenne dayes after the Ascension was the Feast of Pentecost The Lord Iesus then raigning in Heauen at the right hand of his Father powred visibly and sensibly the holy Ghost vpon the Apostles which then were assembled at Ierusalem The word of the Lord tooke his course and the number of the faithfull by litle and litle encreased in Ierusalem by the preaching and miracles of the Apostles Behold the booke of the Acts for the first preachings and the persecutions which came after the death of our Lord. The 34. yeare after the Natiuitie of Christ and the 19. of the Kingdome of Tiberius after the death of S. Steuen the high Priests of Ierusalem stirred more and more grieuous persecutions against the Church Saul which is also Paul was chosen to persecute the faithfull for before his conuersion he burnt with false zeale espying into each house and drawing into prison all he could catch S. Ierome reciteth that S. Paul his parents dwelt in Sischal a Towne of Iuda but when the Romanes tooke the Countrie they went into Tharsis which is in Cilicia where Paul was borne His father was a Iewe of the Tribe of Beniamin and a Burgesse of Rome Act. Chap. 22. Many then were Martired others were constrained to retire themselues into Countries adiacent which occasioned the Gospell to be further spread abroad About the yeare fortie and fiue after the Natiuitie of our Lord Iesus Christ and twelue yeares after his Resurrection the third yeare of Caligula a great persecution was stirred by Herode Agrippa against the Christians wherein Iames the brother of Iohn was beheaded Peter put in prison but the Angell of the Lorde drewe them out most miraculously Soone after the Lord reuenged the death of his For it happened that this Herode went to Cesarea The cause was for that hee hadde enterprised a warre against the Tyrrians and Sidonians which they preuented by gaining the Chamberlaine Blastus and demaunding of a peace One day Herode sumptuously adorned sate downe in Throne and spake to them and the people made an acclamation as if GOD himselfe hadde spoken vnto them But Herode was incontinently strooken by the Angell
one seditious guiltie of treason was giuen in charge to 10. souldiers or rather tormenters to be led to Rome and be put to Lions wherof Ignacius himselfe saith I haue had to fight with beasts from Siria to Rome by sea by land night and day amongst 10. Leopards c. Ireneus in his fift booke speaking of Ignacius beeing condemned to beasts he said saith he I am the wheat of Iesus Christ and shal be grinded with the teeth of beasts to the end I may be made the bread of God Alexander the 7. Bishop of Rome was a Romane and gouerned 10. yeares namely from the 12. yeare of Traian til the third of Adrian Many things are spoken of the integritie of his life wherby many of the Romane Senators were drawne to the Christian faith seeing in him vertues truly Episcopall yet it is attributed vnto him that he should first bring in new ceremonies of the Church as the holy water so keepe in houses and Churches against the diuell and for remission of sinnes Also to mingle wine and water together at the Lords supper Also the Asperges vpon the people Also that Bread should be without Leauen and not commoÌ bread as before They make him the first which by decree excommunicated them who resisted Apostolicke messengers He ordeined that no Clarke should be accused and drawne before a secular Iudge he is said to be the first which added to the Lords supper Caena pridie quà m pateretur made that ouerture to his successors to adde thervnto which haue not since ceased vntill the whole Supper of the Lord was corrupted and chaunged Also he ordeined to celebrate but once a day Note heere generally for the Bishops which were first at Rome that many Epistles haue bene attributed vnto them which mention greater number of Ceremonies then there is in other Churches and such as were vnknowne to them which writ in that time which made them then suspected For the Popes which came after haue made those first Bishops their buckler for authors of their lyes and dreames Alexander receiued the Crowne of Martirdome vnder the Emperour Adrian by the commaund of his Gouernour Aurelian who demaunded of Alexander why hee held his peace when the fire was lightned about him to burne him He answered that he was speaking to God signifying that he prayed and therefore it was not lawfull for him to speake vnto men Honorius and Nauclerus Dion rehearseth of the Emperour Traian that before he died his members were retracted and al his body senslesse His sences also were dulled and after that he became to be full of the dropsie and greatly swelled He finally died in Selinion a Towne of Cicile Some say his body was brought to Rome and deified by the Senate after his death after the maner of the Romanes Although this Prince had great politicke vertues yet is he to be placed in the third ranke of the cruel enemies and persecutors of the Church of God Adrian the 16. Emperour raigned 22. yeares gentle and cunning in all knowledges He persecuted the Christians But when he knew the truth of their life he caused the persecution to cease Quadratus Bishop of Athens the Apostles Disciple presented an Apologeticke booke to the said Adrian in defence of the Christian Faith Aristides a Philosopher of Athens a faithfull man made a like Booke wherevpon Adrian sent to Minutius Fundanus Proconsul of Asia that he should no more persecute the Christians But if they did any thing against lawes he would that he should therein deale according to the qualitie of the crime And if any slaunderoufly accused them he commaunded such should be chastised for their malice Nicomedia and Nice were ruinated by an Earthquake and afterward restored by the liberalitie of Adrian Euseb Chro. All euils which came to men were laide vpon the Christians saying they came all for their cause whether they were Earthquakes warre or other calamities Sixtus or Xistus a Romane 8. Bishop of Rome ruled about 10. yeares He decreed that none should touch the consecrated ornaments Vessels Challices c. vnlesse they were Church-men He added to the Communion of the Eucharist Sanctus Sanctus Sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth He graunted this priuiledge to Clarkes that they might appeale from their Bishop to the Apostolicke Sea In his Decretalls he is called Arch-bishop of the Romane Church Item vniuersall Bishop of the Apostolicke Church About this time those words Arch-bishop Metropolitane and Clergie beganne to be vsed in Epistles He appointed certaine punishments for Priests or Ministers that were negligent in baptizing Children before their deaths At this time the Supper of the Lord was called Eucharist The words Sacrifice or Masse were not yet brought in And although Ireneus sometimes called the Eucharist Oblation hee declares his meaning therein in his 4. Booke and 34. Chapter We make vnto him an Oblation saith he not as to him which stands in need thereof but as giuing him thankes for the good he hath done vnto vs. And againe he willes also that we giue offerings at the Aultar and often and without ceasing But the Aultar is in heauen saith he and thither must we addresse our prayers and Oblations It may well be that then this word Oblation was in common vse because the custome then was to offer Loaues of bread in great abundance for the vse of the Supper wherewith the Ministers liued and the poore were nourished The Iewes surprised with a new rage beganne againe to take armes against the Romanes Dion saith the occasion thereof was for that Adrian had builded there a Temple to Iupiter and placed there Idols of the Gentiles The Iewes chose for their Captaine Barrochabas who named himselfe the sonne of the Starre This man exercised great crueltie against Christians because they woulde not ioyne with the Iewes But Adrian repressed those seditious people and famished them and tooke away their waters and finally discomfited them nigh to Bethera a little Towne by Ierusalem and in one onely battaile hee slew fiftie eight thousand men After Nicephorus Ancelme speaketh of fiftie thousand Iewes slaine fiftie holdes taken and nine hundred eightie fiue Villages destroyed as well by famine as by fire and bloud and all the rest of the Iewes miserably driuen from Ierusalem into far Countries and sold ouer all the world The Emperour Adrian would not that the Citie of Ierusalem should any more retaine his auncient name but hauing againe made it he called it by his owne name Aelia Capitolina Honorius and Eusebius say that hee made Edicts be published whereby it was not lawfull for the Iewes no not so much as to regard a farre off their Country of Iudea The first so terrible a destruction might haue sufficiently taught them that the kingdome was taken from them as the Prophets had foretold But God would that a second time they should feele a punishment almost as horrible
witnesseth Sabellicus Enne 7. lib. 8. Arithimus Bishop of Nichomedia after he had made a confession of his Faith hee was beheaded with a great troupe of Martyrs Serena Dioclesians wife endured constantly martyrdome This persecution was so cruell that none were spared Hermanus Gigas In Europe at Rome aboue all places was there greatest number of Martyrs The Prouost Rictiouarus in Gaul made a great massacre especially at Cullaine at Treuers and towards Moselle Beda writeth that this persecution came euen into England and then that Saint Alban a man very renowned receiued the crowne of Martyrdome From this time they beganne to finde out diuers kindes of torments but how much the more horrible they were so much more exquisite appeared the constancy of Martyrs Eusebius saith he beheld the persecution made at Thebaida and saith that the glaues axes and swordes of Tormentors were blunted and turned againe with so great slaughter and were altogether tyred when the Christians with ioy of hart singing Psalmes presented them selues to death Sulpitius in the holy history li. 2. saith that Christians then more ardently desired martyrdome then the ambition of the Cleargie afterward demaunded Bishopprickes Beda de temptat and Orosius lib. 7. cap. 25. Dioclesian crooked with age after he had assaied all cruelties that could be deuised to extirpate the Christians willingly dismissed himselfe of the charge of the Empire and went to Nichomedia and being tossed with rage and fury led a priuate life Maximian his companion who obeyed him as the lesser the greater deposed himself at the same time in the Towne of Milaine Dioclesian at Solone passed his time as a Gardener This change was made after they had raigned together the space of twentie yeares What deaths they had shal be told hereafter Marcel borne at Rome one Benets sonne was chosen Bishop about the 20. yeare of Dioclesian after the Chronicle of Henry the first He was a true Pastor of the Lords Church In the booke of Councells there is attributed vnto him two Epistles The one to them of Antioch wherein he exhorteth to follow the Romane Church and that without authoritie thereof no Sinode can bee called But any bodie may see it is but a counterfeyt and not agreeing with the time which then was The other written to Maxentius is altogether impertinent wherein after he hath commended Christian charitie hee reciteth things which are as pertinent so the time of that Church as conuenient to haue bene written to a Tyrant who afterward was named Emperour Such Epistles doo sufficiently shewe that they wore forged by them which after thrust themselues into the sheep-folde of the Lord not to feed but to rule He confirmed in the faith Maurice as hee came from Syria to goe into Gaul with the Legion which was called of Thebes Constantius Chlorus and Galerius Maximin or Maximian were made Augustes to goe through with the warres which their predecessors Dioclesian and Maximian Herculeus left Eutropius the Father of Constantius a Romane knight of a noble house was discended from Aeneas The Empire as thus parted that Constantius gouerned Gaul Spaine Italie and Affrike and Galerius which Dioclesian had adopted giuing him his daughter Valeria the rest namely Slauonia Greece and the East Yet Constantius who was neither ambitious nor couetous refused Affrike Italie coÌtenting himselfe with Spaine Gaul which he gouerned well and peaceably was well beloued of his subiects and no enemy of the Christian faith He had two wiues the first Helena which was of base condition of whom he had Constantine the great which wife he was constrained to leaue and take Theodora the daughter of the wife of Maximian Herculeus He died of a mallady in England two yeares after Dioclesian had deposed himself from the Empire for long time before had he bene made Caesar and adopted by Dioclesian Some attribute vnto him those two yeares of raigning beginning from the natiuitie of our Lord 505. See Pomp. Laet. During his raigne there was stirres of warre He was called Chlorus for the colour of his bright shining face Ignat. Lib. 1. He had of his wife Theodora Constantius who was father of Gallus and Iulian. Maximian Herculian solicited Dioclesian to take again the Empire Some say Dioclesian answered if he once vnderstood the pleasure of Gardens hee would neuer thinke of raigning The Historiographers write that Dioclesian dyed in a rage and fury feeling an infection in all his members See Nicepho lib. 7. cap. 20. Some say hee poysoned himselfe tenne yeares after he deposed himselfe from the Empire fearing Constantine and Licinius who bitterly reprehended him as a fauourer of Maxentius See Eutrop. lib. 9. and Bapt. Igna. lib. 1. Seuerus was adopted and made Cesar by Galerius when Constantinus had left the administration of Italie and of Affrike and to Seuerus was giuen the charge of the saide Countries But at Rome Maxentius was made Emperour by the Pretorian souldiers and without contradiction of the Senate Seuerus not thinking himselfe strong enough to resist Maxentius thought to retire into Slauonia to Maximin but hee was entrapped and ouercome at Rauenna Pompon Laet. Maxentius sonne of Maximian Herculian being chosen Emperour by the Pretorian souldiers in a tumult and hauing gotten the victory vpon Seuerus waxed proud and gaue himselfe vnto pleasures cruelties Then Maximin or Maximian the sisters sonne of Galerius who also by him was made Cesar with Seuerus and had once the charge of the East adopted Licinius which he left in Slauonia after comming to make warre vpon Maxentius was tolde of the treason of his people and so retyred See Pomp. Laet. in the life of Constantine and Galerius Galerius then hauing made Licinius Cesar as is said a litle time after fell into a terrible disease which fretted his entralles whereof he died This was because of his exceeding great lecherie towards all and horrible crueltie towards Christians For an vlcer he had in his bladder did eate his priuy members and as all that part of his bodie rotted wormes came out and no remedie could be found for it So the Phisitians abandoned him For the stench was so intollerable that neither Phisitian nor other durst approach vnto him Wherefore in the ende hee dyed of a death worthy such a man after hee had raigned two yeares alone and with the Cesars and companions of his Empire the space of 16. yeares In the persecution moued by Maxentius Marcel Pastor of the Church of Rome was appreheÌded to sacrifice vnto Idols and to renownce his office but hee despised all threatnings and smiled which the Tyrant Maxentius seeing commaunded he should be beaten and chased out of the Towne He retyred into an house of a widowe named Lucine and there secretly maintained a Church Which the Tyrant hearing made a stable of it for horses and other beastes of the house there locked vp Marcel Being thus condemned he left not to do the office of a true Pastor by Epistles which
was ready to depart from his body had more care of the state of the Church then of the dolours of his death This care for Religion is a singular vertue worthy of a Christian Prince Archadius and Honorius the children of Theodosius and of Placille his wife a vertuous Ladie raigned after their mother the yeare 397. Arcadius was Emperour of the East and Honorius of the West Their father ordained them Tutors before hee died to Arcadius Rufin and to Honorius Stillico and Gildo was also Instituted Gouernour of Affrike Honorius then ruled the Empire at Rome his brother gouerning that of Constantinople Three yeares after this Gildo Gouernor of Affrike carried himselfe as Maister and Lord but afterward he was ouercome by Mascezel his brother whose children he had slaine The Westerne Church about this time receiued the fashion to sing Augustine in his Confessions the 9. booke saith it was by the meanes of Ambrose For in the time of the Arrian fury this holy person being constrained by the people to remaine in the Temple yea euen in the night time fearing it should haue bene deliuered to the Arrians accustomed the people to sing Psalmes and Hymnes to put off griefes and passe away the time The East Church from the beginning receiued singing as appeares by Plinie to the Emperour Traian who was at the time that Iohn the Euangelist liued But Augustine in the same booke confesseth he failed therein in that hee gaue more attention to the Song then to the words that in it are passed and accused that sinne for that the voyce and the Song are made for the word but not the word for the SoÌg In that place likewise he reciteth the maner of the Church of Alexandria vnder Athanasius See also Hierome vpon the Epistle to the Ephesians Whensoeuer you assemble as S. Paul saith if each one sing Psalmes or Doctrine or Reuelation or Language or interpretation let all be done to aedification 1. Cor. 14. f. 26. The appellation of the Masse The communion of the Eucharist at this time to be called Missa It is twise found in S. Augustine namely in his Sermon of Time 237 wherein hauing exhorted men to pardon iniuries done to one another saith You must come to the Masse of the Catechumenes There we pray Pardon vs our offences as wee pardon them which wee haue offended c. And in an other Sermon 91. he saith In the historie which is read at Masses c. Many doubt whether these Sermons bee S. Augustines But Peter Martir a Diuine of Zurike saith the stile and sentences seeme to bee S. Augustines I am of opinion saith he that in that time of S. Augustine it beganne onely to bee vsurped For if it had beene vsuall S. Augustine would haue oftner made mention of it seeing hee vsed to applye his Sermons after the common manner of speech Iohn Cassian liued in this time vnder the Emperour Honorius The heretikes chased him from the Church of Ierusalem hee came to Marcellis and liued there a Monastike life The word Masse is found in his writings Lib. 3. Chap. 7. and 8. but in an other signification then for the holy Communion that is for the accomplishment and the ende of the congregation of the faithfull For speaking of the sleepe of Monkes he saith Being contented with the time that is permitted to them to sleepe that is from the Masse of the Vigiles vntill the light of the day c. vnderstanding by these words the time wherein they ended the Vigiles As for the deriuation of the name euen as the Latine Doctors which were before this age vsed the word Remissa for remission Tertullian Lib. 4. against Martion in the leafe 24. and Ciprian in his booke of the good of patience so it seeemeth afterward they said Missa for Missio or Demissio that is sending away when the Catechumenes went out of the Temple For after the holy scripture was read in the assembly and that the Sermon was done the Deacon with a loude voyce pronounced Goe or goe out Cathechumenes After this the Cathechumenes went out with the Euergumenes that is to say they which were handled with euil spirits and thirdly such as did penance Dionisius in his Hierarchie makes mention of these orders and so the Latine Church called the celebration of the Eucharist Messe because it was done after the dimission or sending away of the Catechumenes and such as were not capable to bee admitted therevnto And in this signification Ambrose saith Missas facere for sending or letting goe This is the opinion of Peter Martir in his Commentaries vpon the Iudges Some haue said that the word Missa was deriued of the Hebrew word Mas because the gifts which the faithfull offered were said to be presents and sent And the occasion hereof came of the oblations which the Iewes offered at their feast of Pentecost If it were so the Papists abused the word Masse for they will not name it of the almes and gifts which are giuen there but of the oblation they make of the body and bloud of Christ for the quick and dead P. Martyr Catechumenes signified such as were instructed in the faith and were not yet baptized The word is deriued from the Greeke word which signifieth to teach especially by liuely voyce Tertullian calleth them sometimes Hearers or Auditors Augustine calleth them Competitors For before they were admitted to be baptised at Easter they gaue vp their names 40. dayes before During which time the Pastors not onely got information of their faith and doctrine but also of theyr life P. Martir The Papistes Apes of antiquitie had it in custome to send their children to schoole in Lent Rufin before named French by Nation tempted with pride sent presents and siluer to Alarike King of Gothes and stirred him to raise vp warre against Archadius perswading him that that young Prince affrighted would leaue him the Empire His practise was dicouered and Stilico pursued him The souldiers cut off his head and his right hand and after carried them into Constantinople for a shewe See Pomp. Laet. Deuastation of the fourth Monarchie The yeare of the Lord 405. the Gothes entred into Italie with a great and fearfull company But because there is often mention of them we will briefly touch the history of their originall The appellation of Gothes doth not only comprehend one people but many that is to say Gothes Vandales Rugians Hunnes c but the Gothes properly were they which from the I le of Gothland occupied a great part of Lifsland Procopius an Historiographer saith they were Cymmerians and Greekes Being come into Thrace and Hungarie the Romane Emperours sought to driue them backe but could not The first greatest battaile of the Romanes against them was vnder the Emperour Decius wherein he was slain But after the Vandales and Huns comming from Scithia did driue away the Gothes and placed their seates in Hungaria The
le Gourt Phillip Parmentier Peter Millet Iohn Befferoy Peter Arondeau M. Anne du Bourge a man of great pietie very learned a Councellor in the Parliament of Paris The death of this last man was especially amoÌgst others noted because of the qualitie of his person his constancy astonished also many of his enemies who notwithstanding left not to coÌtinue as wel in Paris as in other Parliaments of France in that remainder of the yeare 1559 in al the yeare following during which the French Church before being hid because of persecutions began to shew it self Insomuch that in all Prouinces thoughout the kingdom they of the religion had Sermons openly the zeale of some surmounting the crueltie of others In this same yeare 1559. in the moneth of May the Lord triumphed ouer Antichrist in the coÌstancy patience of many Christians executed to death for the witnesse of his truth in the kingdome of Spaine by the practises of the officers of the Inquisition wherof it shal not be impertinent briefly to touch About an 100. yeares ago that Ferdinand and Isabelle kings of Castile established that Inquisition against the Iewes which after baptisme kept their cerimonies Certaine yeares after the Monkes assailed by the doctrine of the Gospell did so much that it was coÌuerted practised especially against such as they could discouer to be neuer so litle aduersaries of the Romish traditions For the better establishing of this tyrannie and to lift it vp aboue the King and the Councell of Spaine the Spanish Theologians made theÌ belieue that the holy InquisitioÌ could not erre and for the exercise thereof they had Iudges officers in the most part of the Townes of the realme which alwaies had a watchful eye to bridle all the world But ordinarily they espied the richest the learnest such as of little began to become great for they desired bootie of some they feared y e knowledge of others and the last are odious least they should make head against the InquisitioÌ They espied marked very nigh these 3. sort of people that if there came any word out of their mouthes it shuld be noted thogh they spake no word yet would the Inquisitors finde meanes enough against such as worshipped them not sufficiently for after they had shut them in prison they would keep them there a long time without speaking vnto them and at leisure inuent Rymes against them In the meane while no man durst sollicite nor speake for the prisoners If the Father shewed to haue any care of his childe hee was straight imprisoned as a fauourer of heresie No person could haue accesse to any prisoner which was in any dungeon or other obscure place neither might hee write but besides the misery and horror of the prison the prisoners endured a thousand outrages and menaces and after blowes with whips and diuers other the greatest iniuries that can be imagined Sometimes they are suffered to escape by infamy and from some high place they are shewed vnto the people During their imprisonment their processes and their Inditements goe not forward in course of lawe and for ordinarily a prisoner shall be so kept vp tormented two three or foure yeares and if there be any thing done therein there are none but the Inquisitors their officers and executioners that know any newes of them After one hath tortured and beaten them the space of many moneths he that will haue his life he must diuine and gesse at his accusor If then the accused can diuine the name of his accusors and what is the accusation in firmely and strongly denying that which is imposed and laid to his charge and after great protestations to be an hartie and a very affectioned seruant and subiect of the Popedome his life being so saued yet he is not thereby set at libertie but after hauing endured infinit pouerties miserie which they call their penance they are let goe but yet in such sort as they make him weare a kinde of coate of yealow colour called Sambenito which is a publike infamy vnto him and all his race But if contrary the prisoner be an ill diuiner after diuers tortures he is condemned and cruelly burnt They that constantly maintaine the truth of the Gospell are so vngently tormented and cruelly handled that the punishments of the greatest Tyrants which were in the time of the Primitiue Church were nothing in comparison vnto these But then assoone as many persons of high and base condition in sundry places of Spaine beganne to see the light of the word of God the Antichrist his subiects straight discouered certaine assemblies insomuch that the Inquisitors imprisoned a great number of them whereof some were put to death the 21. of May in the presence of the kings sister their gouernesse in her brothers absence of Dom Charles Prince of Spaine and of many great Lords which deliuered their oaths vnto the Inquisition namely the Gouernesse and the Prince to maintaine against all This done with great solemnities the faithfull remaining constant were burnt aliue namely Augustine Cacalla late the Emperour Charles the fifts Preacher Francis de Biuero Priest of Valledolid the brother of Augustine Blanche and CoÌstance de Biuero their sister Alphonsus Peres Priest of Valence Christopher del Campo Christopher de Padille Antonio de Huezvelo Catherine Romaine Francis Errem Catherine Ortegne Isabella de Strade and Iann Velasque Many other men and women were then condemned to diuers honourable amends as they call them and to remaine prisoners a certaine time In the moneth of September following the Inquisitors of Siuil caused to be burnt Iohn Ponceus de Leon sonne of the Count de Bailen a Gentleman amongst all Spaniards commendable because of his great pietie constancie and doctrine Iohn Gonsolue Theologian of Siuile Isabelle de Vacine Mary de Viroes Cornelie Mary and Iane de Bohorques Ferdinand de Saint Iohn Iulian Fernand and others in great number For three yeares before a goodly Church was raised and set vp at Siuile which being discouered by the spies of the Inquisition very nigh eight hundred persons were imprisoned insomuch that after that the tormentors did no other thing but hang strangle and burne men and women yet notwithstanding many verie liuely tasted the doctrine of the Gospell and forsooke Spaine the more freely to serue God some flying into England others into Almaine to Geneua Likewise all the Monks of the Couent of Saint Isodore nigh Siuile forsooke their habit and their Country and saued themselues at Francford two of which namely Iohn Leon Iohn Fernand were taken in a Port of Zeland brought againe into Spaine and put to death In this same yeare the Estates of the Empire were assembled at Ausbourge to handle affaires of Religion and it was agreed that things should remaine peaceable and the funerall of obsequies of the Emperor Charles the fift were then made The Embassador of Othon Henry chiefe Elector assisted
at that seruice but he refused to kisse the dish or pax offered by the Cardinall of Ausbourge who sung the Masse whereat the Cardinall was so despited that he said vnto him If thou wilt haue no blessing receiue a curse euerlasting Other deputies of the Townes and Princes of the confession of Ausbourge entered not into the Church Certaine time after Othon Henry Elector Palatin left his dignitie and estates to Frederick who reformed his Countrey after the pure doctrine whereof he shewed himselfe a constant and faithfull protector with an admirable wisedome and moderation The Diethmarsois yeelded themselues vnto Frederick the 2. of that name king of Denmarke about the end of the moneth of Iune after they had couragiously maintained the war and receiued diuers battailes before they gouerned themselues without yeelding any subiection vnto any person But now they yeelded to gouernment about 35. yeares after the death of Henry de Supphon minister of the word of God whom they had cruelly put to death in the Towne of Meldorf where the truth of the Gospell encreased greatly by the preachings of that man The first day of Ianuary that Christian king of Denmarke of the age of 56. yeares died and about three weekes after died also Christierne his Cosin and predecessor who for his vniust wicked dealings was driuen away of his subiects straying out of his own kingdome the space of 10. yeares thinking to come thither again was taken vpon these and after locked in prison where he reamined 17. years vntil his death being vs the age of 78. Laurence Priarli Duke of Venice Heroides Duke of Ferrare died the same year y e one inâââ the other in Octo. Paul 4. hauing bin Pope 4. yeares 2. moneths 27. daies died the 18 day of August 1559. of the age of 85. yeares Scant had he yeelded vp his spirit but the Romane people which wished death vnto him because of his warres exactions and ãâã brake the prisons of the Inquisition deliuered the prisoners fired the whole building threw downe the Popes Image cutting off the head and right hand ãâ¦ã which were drawne three dayes ãâã ãâ¦ã cast ãâ¦ã And it was ãâã that the Armes of the family of âârâffes should be plucked downe from all places of the towne and burst in peeces which was ãâã the same day His body was in daunger to haue bene handled as his Images and so had bene but that they kept certaine dayes ãâã aâââd and strong hand from the people He was also very violent in his Popedome not only toward his enemies many of which were yet in prison but also towards his seruants and friends The 26. day of the said moneth of August Phillip d' Austrich king of Spaine hauing set in order his affaires in Flaunders and the lowe Countries made saile from the Hauen of Flushing into Spaine pretending to set vpoÌ the Turke seeing he was agreed with the king of France Elizabeth the eldest daughter of the dead king Henry being accorded vnto him for wife and committed vnto the king of Nauarre other to conuoy her euen vnto the frontiers of Spaine But being embarked with a great number of ships and all the riches which his father had heaped vp out of Almain Italy with a great quantitie of the rich Tapistry of Flaunders as he approached the port of S. Iames in Galicie so great a tempest arose that of all that magnificall furniture and riches gotten together with so long time and so great trauell nothing arriued in safetie but the sea was made heire of those riches euen in the sight of the Spaniards As for him that tempest spared him so litle that scant could he set foote in any ãâã but the vessel wherein he was was ready to sinke into the bottome of the sea This losse chafed him so much the more against them of the Religon especially of the lowe countries which were there persecuted with fire and sword before after his departâââ In England the Churche got vp vnder the peâcââble gouernment of Elizabeth As for Scotland many came vnto the Gospell and they so multiplied that soone after they remained maisters The Papall seate being vacant the space of foure moneths by the aduise of the Cardinalls Iohn Angelus de Medicis Cardinall was chosen Pope about the end of December and was crowned the sixt day of Ianuary 1560. naming himselfe Pius the fourth he liued in the throne of error fiue yeares eleuen moneths and fifteene dayes He confirmed the election of the Emperour Ferdinand which his predecessour would not approue hee also iustified and set at libertie out of prison certiane Cardinalls and Bishops At the beginning of this said moneth Elizabeth of France was brought to the limits of Spaine deliuered into the hands of the Cardinall de Burges of the Duke d'el Infantasque King Phillip his deputies vnto whom they brought her and there was great triumphs in the celebration of the marriage which they called the firme bond to holde vnited the kingdomes of France and Spaine Charles Prince of Spaine receiued the homages of many Townes insomuch that for a time there was nothing but reioycings Iusts Feasts and Bankets through all King Phillips Countries but this mirth endured no long time as shall be seene hereafter For the estate of France the Churches had many troubles this yeare For the violent and illegitimate domination of the house of Guise which ruled the king and the kingdome at their pleasure the recoyling of Princes and great Lords the despising of the states and other coÌfusions brought in by these new gouernours stirred a great part of the Nobilitie to ioyne themselues together to get the King out of the hands of such people and to procure by good order that things might return into their auncient estate And because this could not be executed but by armes they assembled certaine troupes vnder the conduct of Godfroy de Barry seur de la Renaudie and other valiant Captains to come vnto Amboise to seaze the Duke of Guise and the Cardinall of Lorraine to make an account of their administration But hauing bene discouered and betrayed long time before they came into the field this enterprise did but ââuenome make more cruell the Lords of Guise Insomuch that they put to death a great number of Lordes Captaines Gentlemen and souldiers at Amboise And because the most part of them professed the true religion then in France called Lutherisme the Cardinall charged the Churches that they had made this enterprise yea they dealt with y e princes of the blood royall namely with Anthonie de Burbon king of Nauarre and his brother Lewis de Burbon prince of Conde after with the houses of Montmorencie of Chastillon determining to roote vp churches houses all at once to effect which the Lordes of Guise made infinit preparatiues all this yeare both within without the realme they also found meanes to draw the king of Nauarre
deeds remained not long vnpunished and it is profitable we should knowe the issue worthie of such a Tyrant Iosephus in the 8. booke of Antiq. Chap. 17. describeth it thus The kings maladie encreased and God shewed openly that he would punish his impietie For he was burned with a slowe heat yet without none could perceiue it only he felt it within because it grated wasted his entralles He was so hungry that he tooke no leisure to chawe his meate but deuoured all that entred into his mouth and so still some must cast meat into his mouth His entralls were wounded and vlcerated and he was tormented with collicke passions His feete were swelled with flegmaticke humours through which you might see the day His shamefaste parts were rotted and full of wormes his breath was stinking that none durst approach vnto him And in the 21. Chap. of the first booke of the Iewes warres the same Historiographer writeth thus All his bodie was taken with a disease and hee was tormented with diuers dolours He had a burning and intollerable heate in him The Chollick tormented him incessantly his feete were swelled betwixt the skinne and the flesh he sought to aduance his owne death and calling for a knife lifted vp his right hand but Archilaus his cosen-germane perceiuing it ranne to him and held his hand hee died 5. dayes after he made his sonne Antipater die hauing enioyed the kingdome the space of 34. yeares after he had caused Antigonus to die and 37. yeares after hee was declared King by the Romanes In all other things he was happie yea if euer King were for a man of so base condition to acquire that Kingdome and keepe it so long a time and at last leaue it to his children But concerning his domesticke affaires none could be more vnluckie c. Hitherto Iosephus This Historie is worthie of memorie that all that read such a vengeance of God may learne to feare his iudgements After the death of this Herod the Iewes not being able to support the ruling of a straunger sought to raise vp seditions but they were repressed by Archilaus But whilest Archilaus and Herod Antipas pleaded one against an other in Rome againe other troubles arose in Iewrie In so much as Augustus diuided Herods kingdome He constituted Archilaus the Tetrarch of Idumea Iudea and Samaria and the reuenew of those Regions amounted yearely to sixe hundreth Talents He diuided the other part into two Tetrarches He gaue also to Herod Antipas Galilie and Perea out of which Regions he had yearely 200. Talents And to Philippes he gaue Bathania Traconite Aucanite Calcide of which places the reuenew came by yeare to an hundreth Talents This Archilaus was chased from Iudea and finally banished to Vienne which is in Gaul nigh to Lions where he dyed At this time the administration of the Kingdome was againe chaunged in Iudea The Romanes placed Gouernours there one after an other as Coponius Marcus Anius Rufus Valerius Gracchus Poncius Pilate Tiberius succeeded Augustus his father in lawe and raigned 33. yeares He gaue himselfe to Idlenesse and drunkennesse so that in mockerie he was called Claudius Biberius Nero in place of Claudius Tiberius Nero. See Suetonius and Cor. Tacitus Historiograph Iohn Baptist began to preach the presence of the Redeemer shewing with his finger the Lord Iesus he reprehended the false seruices inuented by men so that persecutions began to arise The most enraged persecutors were the Pharisies I meane such as were great in the Church of Ierusalem These crimes they laid against him namely that he vsurped the Ministerie to teach without the will of such as had charge in the Church That he brought a new doctrine diuerse from the vse of the Sinagogues That he shewed a Messias who had no appearance of a King but abiect and poore That hee vsed hard and sharpe words and affirmed that the gouernment of Moses was come to an ende and that they must haue a new Religion That he foretold the reiection and ruine of the Iewes and the vocation of the Gentiles Mat. 3. Luk. 3. Iohn 3. But because the people came euery day in great multitudes to him and was held for an excellent Prophet his enemies were brideled But he endured an other persecution of Herodes Antipas the first king Herods sonne the Tetrark of Galilie who tooke Herodias his brother Philip Herods wife and made him die to please the appetite of that Herodias and her daughter Salome after she had daunced at a banquet As it is Mark. 6. There were amongst the Iewes at this time three Sects namely Pharisies Saduces and Esses as appeareth All the Nation of the Iewes had but that onely Temple which was in Ierusalem called the Temple of God Mat. 21. It was 46. yeares in edifying Ioh. 2. Nabuchodonoser pilled and burned the stately Temple of Salomon and rased it by Nabuzardam Generall of his Armie when the rest of the people were carried into Babilon Cyrus the first of that name King of the Persians at the perswasion of Daniel gaue leaue to reedifie it And the second yeare of Cyrus raigne the Iewes began to build it but they had great hinderances The death of Cyrus followed Cambises followed him a man full of impietie and crueltie hee caused the building to cease Darius Hislaspes succeeded after him who made an end of the Temple And this was the cause it was so long in building This Temple was situated in an imminent and high place therein was great magnificence and great gifts were giuen for ornaments thereof as may be gathered in the 24. of S. Math. Mark 14. Luk. 21. See Ioseph in his last chap. of the 15. booke of Antiquit. The Ecclesiasticall gouernment of the Iewes was this They which held the preheminence in the Church of the Iewes were called principall high Priests It was ordained of God that there should be one high Priest who might remaine in that office vntill the end of his life after his death an other was substituted Exod 29. Nomb. 20. When Christ came all was confused all was solde for money or by deceit and stealth As Iohn 11. It is said that Cayphas was chiefe Priest that yeare After the high Priest there was a great troupe of other Priests which were distinct amongst themselues For Dauid distributed the successors of Aaron into 24. orders Therefore it is said Luk. 1. that Zacharie was a Priest of the Family of Abia which had the eight Lot 1. Chro. 24. There were after Leuites whereof is spoken Iohn 1. and 10. Chap. There were also Scribes which were Doctors of the Lawe Luk. 5. There was the Maister of the Sinagogue who was the principall Doctor Mark 5. Luk. 13. There were they which were called Rabbi or Maister which was an estate or office of teaching Iohn 3. Art thou a Maister in Israel and knowest not these things The Elders of the people were they
And as the light of the Gospell got aboue his mysts and cloudes he came to Rome in the time of Claudius the Emperour leading with him an whore called Selene or Helena which he had drawne out of the common Stewes of Tyre in Phinicia he called her the first conception of his vnderstanding and the mother of all by whom from the beginning hee had conceiued to make Angels and Arch-angels He attributed also vnto her almost all things which the holy Scripture yeeldeth vnto the eternall word of God in the creation Hee said also of himselfe that he was the soueraigne God which descended and was transfigured to correct things which had bene euill administred by the Angels And although he appeared in an humane forme yet was he not man and although men thought he suffered in Iudea yet he suffered not So promised he saluation to all them which would trust in him and in his Selene and full libertie to do whatsoeuer their appetite desired For men should be saued by his grace and not by their owne good workes For such workes were not after his nature but from his Angels which by his permission had made the world and had imposed such workes vpon men to drawe them into bondage Behold heere the doctrine of this Maister who afterward brought out the like fruite as pailliardizes adulteries thefts drunkennesse blasphemies against the true God and other the like fruites Briefly Ireneus calleth him the fountaine and father of all Heretickes in the Preface of his third booke of Heresies Of his manner of death Epiphanius accordeth not with Theodoretus Menander the Disciple of this Simon was also a Magician The yeare fortie foure as many thinke Saint Peter came to Rome and gouerned that Church twentie and fiue yeares but hardly can they shewe that he was at any time there nor at what time nor vnder what Emperour For first if Saint Peter were at Rome he came not to Rome at the time they say namely in the yeare fortie foure after the Natiuitie of our Lord Iesus and that which they say that hee ruled the Church twentie and fiue yeares hath no likelihood For it may easily be gathered from the Epistle to the Galath that hee was in Ierusalem the yeare 51. where the Apostles great Councell was held Let the yeares be numbred The yeare thirtie and fiue S. Paul was coÌuerted to which adde seuenteen euen vntill that Councell and it comes to fiftie and two How could he then before seuen yeares bee at Rome If hee were there he returned soone But S. Luke then would not haue concealed it if it had beene so neither is it found in any Historie of credit that after Saint Peter was entred Rome hee left that place to returne into the Towne of Ierusalem Moreouer it is certaine he was not at Rome the yeare fiftie eight and three score And that it is so when Saint Paul was ledde thither prisoner he remained there in an hyred house two yeares Heereof Saint Luke makes no mention of Saint Peter And by the second Epistle to Timothie it may be plainely knowne that Saint Peter was not at Rome at the time that S. Pauls death was so nie For then S. Paul hauing occasion to make mention of all that was with him would not haue forgotten Saint Peter if hee hadde beene there Many wise and good men haue handled this matter at large vnto which I referre you The same yeare Herod the brother of Agrippa was made King of Calcide The yeare 45. S. Marke the Disciple of Saint Peter preached Iesus Christ in Egypt and Euodius was first ordeined Bishop of Antioche And there was Iames the brother of Iohn beheaded and Peter deliuered from prison by the Angell The yeare 46. which was about the ninth and tenth of the Kingdome of Claudius the Emperour there was a great Famine through all Greece at Rome and in other parts of the earth and this Famine was foretolde in Antioche by the Prophet Agabus Who being mooued with that hee heard say of the Churches prosperitie of Antioche departed from Ierusalem to come thither with other faithfull Dion and Eusebius make mention of this Famine At this time Helena Queene of the Adiabenians and the King Isares were accounted to serue God faithfully Iosephus speaketh amply thereof in his Antiquities Lib. 15. Chapter 2.3 and 5. The same yeare Agrippa who was called Herodes died after a straunge maner In an assembly at playes he suffered the people to call him God and therefore the Angell strooke him for that he gaue not glory vnto God and he was consumed with Lice Iosephus reciteth it at large and herevnto agreeth the holy scripture But it is worthy to be noted that when he felt the horrible pangs of death beholding his friends he said Looke vpon your God I am now constrained to chaunge my life And the necessitie imposed vpon me redargueth your lye You called me Immortall but now behold how I am drawne to death Iosephus reciteth these things more at length in his Antiquities His Kingdome was chaunged into a Prouince and Cuspins Fadus was made Gouernour of the Iewes The yeare fortie and seuen Abbarus raigned ouer the Arabians and Cassius Longinus was made Gouernour of Siria The yeare 48. Marie our Lords mother died after the common opinion of the age of fortie nine yeares Nancle See also Epiphanius Lib. 3. of heresies If we will beleeue some dreames shee was in body carried vp to Heauen but that tale is so friuolous as he that cannot see it is more then blinde Vpon such foundations Papists began by litle and litle to build the Articles of their faith namely vpon tales and dreames The Councell of Ierusalem recited in the 15. of the Acts was about this yeare and the 6. of the Kingdome of Claudius and the 14. yeare after the conuersion of S. Paul as appeareth by that which is rehearsed in the Galath 2. The same yeare during the said famine Tiberius Alexander was made Gouernour of the Iewes The yeare 49. which was the seuenth of the Emperour Claudius there was so great a sedition in Ierusalem vpon Easter day that twentie thousand men were stifled betwixt the gates as Iosephus saith but as others thirtie thousand The same yeare Cumanus was Gouernour of Iudea and Quadratus of Siria In the 50. yeare a numbring was made of the people of Rome and there were found three skore and foure hundreth thousand an hundreth three and fortie The same yeare Herod the brother of Agrippa dyed and his Kingdome was giuen to Agrippa the younger This was he that gaue audience to S. Paul Act. 25. The same yeare were seene three Sunnes which by litle and litle ioyned themselues together There was also an horrible Famine in Greece and the Iewes were chased from Rome by Claudius The yeare 52. S. Paul did that which is conteined in the 21.17 and 18. Chap. of the Acts. This yeare he came first to Corinthe where
he remained a yeare and sixe monethes At this time the Emperour appeased the seditions which were betwixt the Iewes and the Samaritanes The yeare 53. the Emperour Claudius tooke the Kingdome of Chalcide from Agrippa which hee had held foure yeares and gaue him the Tetrarchie of Philip with Traconite Bathane and Abele and constituted Felix Gouernour of the Iewes Iudea was maruellously afflicted about this time by intestine conspiracies and robberies which was committed by the greatest men of Ierusalem Ionathan the high Priest had admonished the Gouernour Felix to acknowledge the true God But Felix was so grieued hereat that he ordeined an other high Priest namely Ioseph who was a familiar friend of the said Ionathan Ioseph assembled together a band of theeues and slew Ionathan These theeues which remained vnpunished for this in an assembly of people fell vpon all they thought good neither carrying reuerence to any persons nor places how holy soeuer And the true cause of all this mischiefe was that some false Prophets and seducers ioyned themselues with these theeues But so soone as they were come vnto them Felix made them die as seditious persons Amongst them was a renowned Egiptian of whom Iosephus makes mentioÌ in his Antiquities This deceiuer perswaded the common people to ascend with him into the Mount Oliuet saying that from thence he would shewe himselfe to them and that by his commaundement the walles of Ierusalem should fall and promised them that thereby they might enter Felix hereof aduertised made arme certaine people and with a great number of horsemen rushed vpon that disguised band which was of thirtie thousand and slewe about 400. of them and tooke 500. aliue In the meane while this abuser escaped and was neuer after seene Those theeues againe perswaded the people to make warre against the Romanes and no more to yeeld them obedience They burnt and pilled such Villages as resisted them The yeare 56. S. Paul went to Ierusalem where he was taken and ledde to the Gouernour Felix Domitius Nero succeeded in the Empire and raigned fourteene yeares two monethes and certaine dayes Hee was as very cruell man and insatiable in whooredome and Homicide euen in sleying his owne mother his sister his brother his wife Octauia and an other wife called Pompeia whom he slewe with a blowe of his foote Hee killed also his Schoolemaister Seneca and a Romane Consull named Atticus the better to enioy his wife called Statilia The yeare 57. after the death of of Aziarius King of the Emesicians his brother succeeded him See Iosephus And Nero gaue the principallitie of the lesse Armenia to Aristobulus the Sonne of Herode King of Calcyde and the Kingdome of Agrippa the younger was thereby greatly encreased The yeare 58. after Felix was departed from Iudea there was a great sedition in Cesaria which is in Palestine where a great number of Iewes were slaine The same yeare S. Paul was sent prisoner to Rome There was a sedition also in the other Cesaria And Festus succeeded Felix in the gouernment of Iudea The yeare 59. in the Towne of Thoulouze which is in Gaul there was a verie renowned Rethorician called Statius Surculus The same yeare the Towne of Magunce was repaired by the Romaines The yeare 60. In Rome was a great earthquake and an Eclipse of the sunne at the time when Nero exercised his Parracides and whooredomes The yeare 61. a boy of eight yeares of age in Italie in the time of Fonteius and Vispanus Consuls did runne fortie thousand paces from noone till the euening The same yeare there was an Eclipse of the Sunne the last day of Aprill The yeare 62. Albinus was made Gouernour of Iudea The yeare 63. Iames the brother of the Lorde Iesus which was called Iust accounted Bishop of Ierusalem was slaine by the Iewes The high Priest Ananias thinking to recouer libertie caused him to be called into iudgement and accused him as a corrupter of Moyses Lawe Some say hee was cast downe from the toppe of the Temple and as hee prayed for them which put him to death hee was strooken with a Fullers Bowe on the heade whereof hee dyed Then did Albinus gouerne Iudea succeeding Festus The yeare 64. a Thunderbolte fell before Nero his Table The same yeare Saint Marke the Euangelist died which was the eight yeare of the raigne of Nero hee was burnt for the Gospell in Alexandria which is in Aegypt where hee preached At this time Agrippa augmented the Towne of Cesaria Phillippe and called it Neronia The yeare 65. after S. Marke his death Annianus was ordeined the first bishoppe of Alexandria and gouerned the Church 22. yeares The yeare 66. beganne the first persecution which was the tenth yeare of Nero and endured till his death By the commaundement of this tyrant fire was lightned in the Towne of Rome and that none should say it was his act hee laide the fault vppon the Christians and made them die of many kindes of deathes They that called themselues Christians which name was as odious vnto all men as if they had beene enemies of mankinde and they also which were accused by the prisoners besides all other euills done vnto them endured also this opprobry that beeing couered with Beasts skinnes they were with dogges torne in peeces Some were fastened to Crosses and Gallowes Others burnt with fire in so much that of them they made fires to cleare and lighten the night Cor. Tacitus rehearseth this After Festus vnder Nero succeeded in the gouernment of Iudea Albinus and after Florus vnder whom the Iewes beganne to fall into such rebellions and dissentions that neither menaces nor torments exactions nor occasions could represse them In Asia three Townes perished by an Earth-quake namely Laodicea Hierapolis and Colossa All Townes which had receiued the Gospell whilst S. Paul liued who had instructed them partly by writings partly by his Disciples as by Epaphras A mirrour of Gods iudgement who cannot endure the despising of his word The yeare 60. the Church of the Lord Iesus in Ierusalem as it was assembled was diuinely admonished and transferred into the Towne of Pella which is beyond Iordaine This same yeare Vespasian was ordeined by Nero to set an order in the Countrey of Iudea who did many things worthy of memorie The yeare 68. began the warres of the Iewes vnder Florus because of his great crueltie whereof Iosephus makes mention Lib. 2. Chap. 13. Egesippus Lib. 3. Chap. 4. The yeare 70. if we will beleeue the catalogue of the Romaines Linus succeeded S. Peter S. Hierome Nicephorus Euthalius Deacon and others say that S. Peter was crucified the 14. yeare of Nero which was the last of his raigne and the 27. yeare after the conuersion of S. Paul How then could this be that Linus should succeed him in the Apostolicke Sea as they say seeing Linus was Martired a yeare before S. Peter For so is it rehearsed by
he gently inuited theÌ to require peace but seeing they would not he caused his platformes to be set vp against the fort called Antonia nie the 3. wal which the Iewes burnt but a new wall was made by y e Romans enuironed all the Towne to hinder the lewes from flying and seeking victualls The first day of Iuly Titus mooued with compassioÌ for the people which suffered and endured so much by the hard obstinacie of some beganne to beate Antonia and the third wall The sixt day fell one part of the wall of the Fortresse on that side where the Iewes had a conueyance out of the Towne The eight day of the moneth of August the Iewes repressed by great outrages and blowes of arrowes Heraulds were sent by Titus to make them harken vnto peace that the Temple might haue bene spared The temple was taken by force and against the Edict and defence of Titus it was burnt The 20. day he began to batter the high Towne which is called the Citie of Dauid after the Iewes had againe refused peace The seuenth day of September this high Towne was taken whereof the Temple was the Fortresse as Antonia was the defence of the Temple The eight day of the said moneth all the Towne was put to fire and bloud The 24. day of October Titus celebrated the day of his brother Domitian his Natiuitie in a Taritine Towne of Cesaria and there he made pastimes of diuers sorts wherein were brought about three thousand Iewes Captiues Some were dispatched by beasts others were set in order of battaile to sley one an other The like was done in Berith a Towne of Siria the 27. of Nouember Where Titus celebrated the Natiuitie of his Father Vespasian When we heare this Summarie recitall which is not the tenth part of the euils and fearefull calamities that this miserable Nation endured let vs not stray into foolish imaginations but thinke with our selues if God spared not the naturall braunches what shall become of vs. Let vs behold the benignitie and seueritie of God His seueritie vpon them that are fallen his benignitie vpon vs which are planted in the place of the Iewes This same yeare Vespasian caused them to be sought which were of the family of Dauid for that there was a great persecution against the Iewes Cesennius Gouernour of Siria chased Antiochus King of Comageniens out of his kingdome sent him captiue to Rome In this time Lucilius Bassus was sent Embassador into Iudea There happened a sedition in Alexandria wherein many Iewes were slaine Achaia Licia Rhodes Bizantum Samathrachia Cilicia and Comagene which before were free and vnder the iurisdiction of Kings friends and confederates of the Romanes were made seruants and reduced into Prouinces Ascanius Pedianus an Historiographer flourished at this time who in the 73. yeare of his age became blinde and liued yet 12. yeares in great honour An Earth-quake ouerthrew three Townes in Ciprus Titus the eleuenth Emperour Vespasians sonne raigned two yeares and twentie dayes Hee was liberall and gentle eloquent in the Greeke tongue Hee vsed to say that none ought to goe from the presence of a Prince sad or desolate Linus Bishop of Rome by the commaundement of the Consul Saturnine was beheaded vpon false accusation for Art Magicke The 2. yeare of Titus horrible things happened in Campania which is now called Terra Dilauoro the Land of labour The mount Vesnue which lookes toward the Sea on Naples Coast and hath comming out of it as it were great springs of fire burst in sunder at the top and cast out so great flames that it burnt the Townes adiacent with the men therein There came also at Rome a litle time after when all men were ignorant of that which happened in Campania great and horrible calamites in so much that many were of opinion that all things would be ouerthrowne and the Sunne would fall on the earth for the multitude of ashes and smoake which were dispearsed in the ayre The yeare following Titus went to see the calamitie which was come and in the meane while many things were burnt at Rome and the fire came out of the earth For the Bathes of Agrippa the Temple of Serapis and Ifis the Theatre of Balbus the Pantheon the Parkes and many other places were altogether consumed with fire whereby may be coniectured of others which perished by the same fire Dion reciteth all this at large The Amphitheatre was now builded at Rome by Titus These things are recited to the ende that by the knowledge of such iudgements of God we may learne to feare him Cletus a Romane Bishop of Rome gouerned a 11. yeares He approued the visitation of Saint Peter saying that such visitation was much better then a fasting two yeares This was the first Bishop that put in his Letters Salutem Apostolicam benedictionem There are none of the Elders which make mention of this Cletus neither do they sufficiently expound if Cletus and Anacletus were two or both one Onely Damasus speaketh but yet so confusedly that there can be no agreement of the time Titus the Emperour of the age of 42. yeares nigh to his death lamented sore Saying must I die and neuer deserued it He was deified by the authoritie of the Senate after his death There you may see how the Panim Gods came created and forged by the wills of men Iosephus an Historiographer and a Iewe flourished at this time He was Duke of the Hebrewes Hoast and being Titus his prisoner was set at libertie which hee vsed in composing seuen bookes of the Iewdaicall Historie which he presented to Vespasian and Titus who set vp an Image of him at Rome The 72. yeare which was the second yeare of the raigne of Titus Linus hauing gouerned the Church of Rome 12. yeares resigned the office to Anacletus who was the second Bishop of Rome Ireneus and Eusebius doo witnesse this without making any mention of Cletus which some say was the successor of Linus Domitian the 12. Emperour raigned 15. yeares and sixe moneths This man was exceeding wicked cruell adulterous chollericke a coward proud a rauener He committed Incest with his brothers daughter whom he rauished and tooke out of her husbands hands Three Virgin Vestalls were buried aliue for whoordome Domitian hauing by publike Edicts commaunded that he should be called Lord and God caused Images of himselfe of gold and siluer to be erected He cast out of Rome all Philosophers he sent into exile many Senators and Nobles and some he slew He builded the Pantheon at Rome He stirred the second persecution against the Christians and caused all such to be put to death as he found to be of the stocke of Dauid For he feared the comming of Christ Afterward he caused the persecution to cease S. Denis Rusticus and Eleutherus preached the Gospel in Fraunce The yeare 87. Albilius was constituted the second Bishop of Alexandria and
was Bishop 12. yeares The yeare 88. Domitian by the conduction of Fuscus passed ouer Danaw and ledde his Army against Dorpaneus King of the Gothes or of the Dares The Gothes ouercame the Romanes and Fuscus was slaine and the Campe pilled or spoiled Clement a Romane the fourth Bishop of Rome ruled nine yeares He instituted notaries to write the acts of the Martirs their constancie and patience for example and perpetuall remembrance Domitian of the age of 45. yeares was slaine in his Pallace by the coniuration of his familiar friends consent of his wife He was buried without any honor all his Images cast down The Senate disanulled all his ordinances and called againe such as he had exiled S. Iohn the Euangelist from his exile of Pathmos which is an I le in the sea Egea which is betwixt Asia the great the lesse returned into Ephesus where he died of the age of an hundreth yeares or there abouts and was there buried Nerua Cocceius now olde was made the 13. Emperour and raigned one yeare 4. moneths He died at the age of 71. yeares Being Emperor he pronounced al Christians absolued whether accused or banished and called them backe Hee was wont to say that men must rather respect a mans vertue then his race or country He was by the Senate deified Now rose there many heresies in the Church after the death of the Apostles Traian a Spaniard the 13. Emperour raigned 19. yeares 6. moneths and 15. dayes Hee was greatly praised of Historiographers as a debonaire and gentle Prince yet he persecuted the Christians Vnder him was Clement martyred Foure Townes perished in Asia and two in Greece with Earthquakes The third persecution made against the Christians in the time of Traian He feared some hurt should haue come to the Romane Empire by the encrease of Religion There were each day a great number of Martyrs slaine In so much that Plinie the younger hauing then the administration of a Prouince namely Bithinia and seeing the great number of men which then dyed writ to the Emperour how each day many thousands of persons were put to death yet was there not found that they committed any fault neither did any thing against their Romane lawes but only for that they sung certaine Hymnes and Psalmes afore day to a certaine God they called Christ And finally that Adulteries Homicides Thefts and other crimes were prohibited them and did keepe themselues from such faults liuing carefully according to common Lawes Wherevnto the Emperour gaue answere and commaundement to make no more any Inquisition against Christians Yet was not thereby the occasion taken away from them which had a will to shew cruelty against Christians Timotheus a Martyr in this time Anacletus 5. Bishop of Rome borne in Greece an Athenian ruled two moneths and ten dayes We now enter into the times which were incontinent after the Apostles and take their beginning in the kingdome of Traian Anacletus ordeined that no Clarke should weare a beard and commaunded all the faithfull that were at the administration of the Lords Supper either to communicate or to be driuen out of the Temple Eusebius placeth Anacletus in the place of Cletus after Linus and after Clement immediately he makes mention of Euaristus which is the cause of the discord that is found amongst Historians in this place Anacletus ordeined that the Cleargie two times in the yeare should haue Sinodes or Congregations for the affaires of the Church In his writings amongst other things he admonisheth the people to carrie honour and reuerence to their Ministers and to support them He that speaketh euill of a Minister saith he speaketh euill of Christ and he iudgeth him to be seperate from Christ He was put to death vnder Traian Heresies at this time grieued the Church within and publicke persecutions without 1. Cerinthus the Hereticke held that Moyses lawe must bee kept alone Also that Christ was not risen againe but that hee should rise againe He made the Kingdome of Christ carnall 2. Ebion held Christ to be a pure man engendred as others And he called S. Paul the Apostle of the Lawe 3. Menander a Nigromancian c. 4. Basilides these did infinitely spread their imaginations touching the procreation of their Gods and Angels And to yeeld the more astonishment they vsed disguised and barbarous words 5. The Nicholaites would women to be common 6. Saturnin following Simon Magus said also that men might vse women indifferently as the Nicholaites Papias Bishop of Hierapolis Policarpus Bishop of Smirna Ignatius Bishop of Antioche good and Catholicke Pastors Disciples of S. Iohn the Euangelist See how God destituted not his Church of true Pastors to withstand Heretickes Euaristus the 6. Romane Bishop ruled 8. or nine yeares He ordeined that seuen Deacons should be chosen in euery Citie which should marke and keepe by the Bishop as hee preached and taught the people He appointed them also for witnesses of the word of God that none might impose that he had preached euill against the truth He ordeined that marriages should be publikely solemnized in Churches That the Church should obey his Bishop and that the Bishop should not leaue his Church during his life no more then the woman her husband There be two Epistles found of him In the first he makes that Apostolicke seate head of the Church wherevnto he wils that all doubtfull affaires should be brought yet in his second Epistle he contradicts it In Gallatia three Cities perished with an Earthquake Eusebius Euaristus was Martired the last yeare of the Empire of Traian The Pantheon of Rome burnt with lightning Lucian the Apostate and Atheist composed his dialogues vnder Traian The towne of Antioch was so shaken that euen the Mountaines nigh did shake and quake yea euen the Mount Cassius the highest in Siria the Flouds there dried vp and the earth sounded in a strange maner Tiles falling clattered in such sort and the cries of men ouerthrowne were so fearefull and with dust the obscuritie was so thick that there was neuer seene or heard speake of so straunge things The Emperour Traian was then there and likewise people of all Nations of the Romane Empire Dion writeth this horrible confusion the calamities which proceeded this Earthquake which happened at Antioch Ignacius Bishop of Antioch was led prisoner to Rome to be cast vnto beasts and so to be aspectacle vnto the people As he went from Siria to Rome and passed through the Countrie of Asia in all places where he came he preached to the people and Churches the Christian faith exhorting them to perseuer and keepe themselues from the infection of Hereticks which then began to spring in carefully keeping the doctrine receiued of the Apostles The cause was that in Antioch hauing reprehended the Idolatrie of Traian he was apprehended as
vailable 8. q. 3. c. Salus in omnibus Galen the Phisitian flourished at this time Valentine the hereticke a Platonician denied the resurrection of the flesh Hee affirmed that Christ tooke no humane flesh off the Virgines wombe but that hee passed through it as through a conduit Cerdon the Stoike said at Rome that the holy Ghost descended not vpon the Apostles but vpon himselfe Note here the saying of Tertullian namely that the Philosophers are Patriarkes of heretickes Martian the Stoike a follower of Menander made two contrary principles This Pope seeing hee named himselfe so was a learned man and made a booke intituled De Trinitate vnitate Dei. Pius first of that name 11. Pope of Rome an Italian of Aquilia ruled at Rome a 11. yeares Some say hee ordeined that Easter should be celebrated vpon the Sunday by the perswasion of Hermes who said it had bene reuealed vnto him by an Angell in likenes of a shepheard And this ordinance was after confirmed by many Pope That hee decreed punishments for Ecclesiasticall persons which administred the Sacraments of the body and bloud of Christ negligently That is to say that he that by imprudency negligently let fal vpoÌ the earth any of the blood of Christ so speakes he should do penance 40. dayes If it fell vpon the Aultar 3. dayes If vpon the Chalice cloth 4. dayes If on any other cloth 9. dayes And that the said bloud so falne should be licked scraped or washed and after all burnt and kept for the Sacristeres By litle and litle then the Romane seate beganne to forge ordinances Also that Virgins or Nunnes should not take vpon them the vaile before the age of 25. yeares Item that if any Ecclesiasticall person did sweare or blaspheme he should be deposed and euery Laie person excommunicated Anicetus 12. Pope a Sirian ruled 10. or a 11. yeares wise and of good life Some attribute vnto him that hee ordained the Crowne for Priests He was martyred vnder Marcus Aurelius In his time Egesippus an Hebrew came to Rome dwelt there vntill Eleutherius Iustinus a Christian Phylosopher writ a booke in defence of Faith and Religion to the Emperour Antonius Pius who also was much enclined to maintaine it He writ against Martian Policarpus Bishop of Smyrna in Ionia which is in Asia the lesse aboue Ephesus came to great age Ireneus saith that he was ordeined Bishop by the Apostles and it is likely that he began his ministery the 2. or 3. of Traian S. Ierome in his Catalogue saith he was placed there by S. Iohn the Euangelist who dyed the yeare 68. after the passion of Iesus Christ as most say Ireneus reciteth of him that one day as Marcian encountred him and said vnto him Take knowledge with vs. Policarp answered him I know thee for the first sonne of Satan And Ireneus saith further There are some haue heard him say that Iohn the Disciple of Iesus went into Bathes to wash himselfe and seeing Cerinthus the hereticke there he went out and washing himselfe saying Let vs flie from hence least this house fall vpon vs where Cerinthus enemy of the truth washeth Note how the Disciples of the Apostles had this rule not to communicate with them which falsifie the truth of the Gospell Whilest Policarpus was at Rome he withdrew many from their heresies Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Verus the brother of Antonius Pius obtained the Empire 18. yeares Lucius Verus his sonne in lawe gaue himselfe to dice and to haunt the Stewes Therfore was he sent into Siria by Marcus Aurelius and at last as some say poisoned After some he dyed of an Apoplexe So Marcus Aurelius Antoninus raigned alone The fourth persecution after Nero was stirred against the Christians by Marcus Aurelius And as Eusebius saith many euils happened in Italie great pestilence warre earthquakes Invndations of waters and a multitude of Grashoppers In the meane while by the persecutions as it were continuall the Christians affaires encreased from day to day by the doctrine of the Apostles Disciples Wherof yet many then did liue that the Christian Religion tooke strong roote being thus bedeawed with the bloud of Martyrs We must not here forget the sentence of Iustine spoken in a colloquie with Trypheus Hee saith thus Men may each day perceiue that we which beleeue in Christ cannot be astonished nor turned backe Let them cut off our heads Let them crucifie vs Let them expose vs to beasts to fires or other torments and so much more as men torment vs so much more do the number of Christians encrease Euen as when a Vine is cut it is but to make it more fertile So the Vine which God hath planted and the Sauiour Iesus that is his people cannot but multiply by torments c. Melito Bishop of Sardis writ to the Emperour for the Faith and Christian Religion Apollinaris Bishop of Hierapolis was at this time Theophilus Bishoppe of Antioche writ against Martian Denis Bishop of Corinthe Iustus Bishoppe of Vienne a Martyre for the Faith Attalus Blandina Photin Bishop of Lions a Martyr also for the Faith Persecution in Asia The end of the life of Policarpus was at this time Marcus Antonius Verus and the chiefe Gouernours of the Empire caused such a persecution that it came euen to the Christians which dwelt in the Towne of Smyrna whereof Policarpus was Bishoppe and had beene a long time and was there burnt hauing serued the Church of God about three score and tenne yeares which was the seuenth of this Emperour Some say hee was of the age of foure score and sixe yeares The Prayer of Policarpus before his death is in the Eccleciast History Booke 4. His bones taken out of the fire were laide in a Sepulchre Pionius Martyre Soter an Italian 13. Pope helde the seate about tenne yeares He endured many aduersities and in the ende was Martyred He ordained that none should celebrate without two men present That Nunnes should carry Vailes on their heads That they might not touch sacred Ornaments as Chalices Corporalles and that they should not Incense in the Temple nor about Aultars In his second Decretall he calleth himselfe Pope Hee instituted that each Priest doing his Office should haue with him an other Priest If there chaunced some suddaine necessitie to happen Hee saide that an oath made imprudenly which redounded to an euill ende ought not to be kept For it were better saith he to periure himselfe then for keeping his oath to fall into a greater crime At this time Peregrine a Philosopher did publickely at Pise cast himselfe into the fire vpon vaine-glorie At this time beganne the Cataphryges heretikes by Montanus with Priscilla and Maximilla They vsed in their Sacrifices a Childes blood which they mingled with Flowre or with Breade If the Childe whose blood was drawne out dyed they held him for a Martyr If
he liued for a great Priest Montanus was of Phrygia of a Towne called Ardaba Hee called himselfe the Paraclet Hee forbadde marriage and inuented and instituted Fastes Against those Heretickes writte Apollinaris Hierapolitaine and before him Milciades and Apollonius Appelles the Disciple of Marcian whome Theodotius called the great Hereticke put a beginning to God Also that Christ appeared in a fantasticke bodie Tatianus and his followers Encratites and Seuerians in this time These abstained from all kindes of flesh and drunke no wine They blamed Marriage as well as fornication They cast off the Epistles both of S. Paul and S. Peter The Doctrine of Christian libertie beganne at this time to bee greatly obscured and by little and little the errour tooke encrease For although yet there was no forbidding to vse the good thinges or God yet the Historie of Alcibiades recited in Eusebius Booke 5. Chap. 3. sheweth that by little and little men beganne to place a certaine Religion in seruices forged at pleasure This Alcibiades was one of the Martyres which suffered death in Gaul vnder Marcus Antonius Verus the Emperour Hee vsed to liue so austerely as hee did eate onely bread and drunke water In so much that beeing in prison hee would vse no other diet Attalus a Romane a man renowned amongst the Martyrs being also imprisoned shewed Alcibiades a better way and brought him to this point that after hee vsed indifferently the creatures of God without scruple and with thankesgiuing Eleutherius borne in Greece at Nicopolis ruled at Rome 15. yeares and more Hee made a commaundement against the heresie of the Seuerans which then raigned that no Christian for any ceremonie should reiect any sort of meates whereof there is an accustomed vse Also that none should be dismissed of his Office vnlesse first hee be accused and conuinced of crime That Bishops should finish nothing in an accusation intended against a Bishop without knowledge of the Pope but they might determine by Sentences the causes of other Church people That a Clarke may not be drawne into any cause but before his Bishop from whom if there were cause of suspition he might appeale Christian Religion then greatly augmented and came into farre greater suertie then before Lucius King of England and his Countrey receiued the Faith Many Nobles of Rome with their wiues and children were conuerted and Baptized The said Lucius left his Kingdome and went to preach the Faith first in France after in Almaine where hee was martyred Smyrna in Asia whereof Policarpus was Bishop was ouerthrowne by Earthquake and for the repaire of it tributes and tallages were laid Commodus the 18. Emperour raigned 13. yeares cruel luxurious incestuous of his owne Neeses hee held in his Pallaice three hundreth Concubines and three hundreth buggering boyes In a wicked rage he slew Lucilla his sister Being at the hot houses and but pricked with a Flea he cast the maister of the house into the Furnace Ireneus Bishop of Lions flourished The Temple of Serapis burnt in Alexandria The Capitoll at Rome and the Librarie burnt by lightning Apollonius a Senator of Rome accused to be a Christian presented to the Senate a booke conteining a defence of the Christians He was beheaded because the Imperiall lawe had so ordeined it Heereby appeares that Popes or Bishops of Rome were not as at this present they are Apollonius a man of authoritie could not shunne the sentence of death onely because he was a Christian hauing so many friends at Rome The Imperiall Lawe then was that such as were in Iudgement conuicted to be Christians should be punished with death Commodus made die many Noble persons It is recited in the History of the Martyrs of Gaule that the Painims sollicited and by torments constrained the seruants of Christians to confesse of their maisters things impossible once to be imagined Namely that they did eate the flesh of litle children that they committed paldiardizes and whoredomes such as is vnlawfull to name In so much as they which before had vsed some moderation in Christians causes gaue themselues greater licence to exercise crueltie against them This happened at Lions and at Vienne Eusebius reciteth it in his Epistle of the faithfull of Lions and of Vienne in Chap. 1. of the 5. booke At Rome the Pallace and the Temple of Vesta and of Peace and the greatest part of the Towne was consumed by fire Commodus the 13. yeare of his Empire was strangled of the age of 32. yeares by the counsell of Martia his chiefe Concubine who fauoured the Christians and other her friends which he had condemned to death because they shewed him certain his insolencies but they by this meanes preuented him and little there wanted that the bodie of this Tyrant was not drawne into Tyber by the common people Aelius Pertmax the ninteenth Emperour held the Empire by the space of sixe moneths His couetousnesse caused his death for retaining his souldiers wages He was of the age of seuentie yeares Didius Inhanus of Millaine 20. Emperour raigned foure or seuen or two moneths as some say Hauing slaine his predecessor hee was slaine of his Successor of the age of 56. yeares For his auarice he was hated of all Some say he was slaine by a souldier of little estimation within his Pallaice Victor Bishop of Rome borne in Affricke ruled tenne yeares He ordeined that such as would not reconcile themselues should be depriued of the Table of the Lord. Hee instituted that vnlesse it were in cases of necessitie Catholicke Baptisme should be celebrated in the time of the feast of Easter As we may see in the first Decretall Epistle attributed vnto him It were incredible if all Historians did not witnesse it that for the day of celebratioÌ of the feast of Easter so great a schisme should happen in the Church that of a dissention and question thereof so terrible a warre should come and all by this Victors meanes who would needs haue the feast of Easter celebrated on the Sunday because of the mysterie of the resurrection and would not haue the Fastes broken but on that day Victor writ to Policrates who was a Ruler amongst the Bishops of Asia and gaue commaundement in his Letters whereat all the Bishops of Asia were greatly offended Septimus Seuerus Pertinax borne in Affrica 21. Emperour raigned 18. yeares and dyed of the age of 70. yeares in England Many Sinodes were held in diuers Prouinces touching the Feast of Easter vpon what day it should be celebrated and by common accord it was agreed that the saide Feast of Easter should be celebrated vpon the Lordes day on which was his Resurrection and on no other day But the Bishops of the Countrey of Asia were of a contrary opinion saying that they should keepe the customes of of their Auncestors touching that Which Victor seeing would needs haue depriued generally all the Churches of Asia and
deliberation of the Churches affaires ought to take oathes and after he reciteth others He suffered Martyrdome after he had gouerned the Romane Church almost ten moneths as Eusebius witnesseth Lib. 7. cap. 32. Damasus and Platina say one yeare and a moneth Volareran 8. yeares Many things are recited of the conquests of Probus the Emperour which the Romane Historiographers describe Carus succeeded him the yeare of Christ 284. and associated his two sonnes in the Empire Numerian and Carinus He beganne new warre against the Persians which Probus had left imperfect He sent Carinus to the Gaules to maintaine them and led with him Numerian He recouered in that warre Mesopotamia and hauing wasted all the Region of the Parthians he got all the kingdome of the Persians See Vopiscus Carus strooken with lightning dyed suddenly Numerian was of great modestie giuen to study especially of Poesie His Father in lawe hauing laid ambushes slewe him as hee was in his Coach His brother Carinus a man giuen to all wickednes defiled himselfe with the bloud of the faithfull hauing the Empire alone These three then raigned not long For all their times endured not three whole yeares as Eutropius Victor and Latus recite The gouernment of those aforesaid Emperours brought some release to the Christians and so things happened fauourable vnto them Insomuch that some of them were aduanced to Offices and gouernment vntill the raigne of Dioclesian and shall be seene in his place Caius Bishop of Rome was of Dalmatia of the family of Dioclesian the Emperour after Damasus Eusebius saith he was ordained Bishop the same yeare that Eutichian was who with much adoo remained but ten moneths Bishop There is attributed vnto him a decretall Epistle wherein he speaketh but meanly of Christ the Mediator and of Iustification Hee after saith that to ascend vnto the dignitie of a Bishop men must goe by degrees and by Ecclesiasticall orders as first hee must be Portier then Lector c. Damasus witnesseth that he liued during the time of Dioclesian the Emperours persecutions from which he hid himselfe and dwelt vnder vaultes yet finally hee was drawne to death the 12. yeare of the said Dioclesian after he had gouerned the Church 15. yeares after Eusebius or eleuen and foure moneths after Damasus The Lord as hath beene said gaue some release to his Church vntill the kingdome of Dioclesian as Euseb Lib. 8. Cap. 1. Dioclesian Emperour borne at Dalmatia the second yeare of his kingdome associated to the Empire Maximiam Herculean in which yeare he brought vnder the Empire the Gaules which had bene occupied by the Rustikes which were called Bagaricles from thence he went into Affrike and vanquished the Gentians These two seeing the affaires of the Empire might be better decided by many named two Cesars to gouerne vnder theÌ namely Galerian and Constantinus who was Father vnto Constantine the great Euery of them were imployed in conquering that which was lost aboue all to recouer Egipt which Achillas had gotten And this was the yeare of Christ 298. The East also which Narsus had gotten They brought vnder the yoake fiue Prouinces beyond the floud Tigris which reuolted from the Romanes since Traians time Also Britaine which is now England ten yeares after her reuolt and after hauing chased away Garesius or Cranssius who had made himselfe King Euseb and Pomp. Laetus After that things were thus ordered in the place to acknowledge this good of the Lorde Dioclesian caused himselfe to bee worshipped as GOD. Laetus in his Abridgement of Romaine Histories saith Whereas the first Emperours contented themselues to be called Consuls and to be saluted of the people by that name this man was the first that wold be adored naming himselfe brother of the Sunne and of the Moone Before Emperours gaue to kisse their hands to Nobles and their knees to the common people But Dioclesian made an Edict that all men without difference of whatsoeuer race should kisse his feete vpon which also he placed certaine markes of adoration and had his shooes garnished with gold and pretious stones which also Caligula had done as is said The Popes and Antichrists of Rome haue bent Imitators hereof and haue well held this ordinance of Dioclesian to conserue their dignitie The tenth persecution raised against the Christians endured tenne yeares in the West Countries This was the greatest and cruellest persecution of all For in lesse then thirtie dayes through diuers Prouinces were martyred about 18. or 20. thousand persons as well men as women Marcelline borne at Rome succeeded Caius in the gouernment of the Romane Church his Father was called Proiectus During this persecution hee was very greeuously pressed by the Tormentors vnder Dioclesian and Maximian Emperours wherein being taken with feare of torments and punishments he offered a graine of Incence in the honour of Idols but afterward he acknowledged his fault in a full Synode assembled at Sinnesse did penance and after came euen to reprooue Dioclesian and voluntarily presented himselfe to death Hee was martyred with Claudius Cyrinus and Antonius after he had gouerned the Romane Church nine yeares after Damisen eight after Marianus and foure after Vrsperge This was the yeare of Christ 303. There are attributed vnto Marcelline as to others two decretall Epistles The first written to a Bishop called Salomon And the other vnto the Westerne Bishops Dioclesian was of opinion that there was no meane more meere to pacifie the world and to bring the Romane Empire into the face and brightnesse of his auncient maiestie theÌ to abolish all new religions His determination then was to begin to take away from the middest of the people the dissimilitude of the Christian Religion and many Sophisters and Philosophers drew him on herevnto As for the faithfull Euseb in his 8. Booke Chap. 1. saith that the too great peace and libertie of the Church made them degenerate and brought debates and questions about words so that at last they came to flames and there could not be found a more singular meane to extinguish and bring it to nothing then this persecution Dioclesian might haue bene numbred amongst the Princes worthy of praise if he had not contaminated and obscured the vertues he had with the Christians bloud he shead His companion in the Empire was Maximian Herculeus a man meete to exercise all cruelties The chiefe seate of the Easterne Emperours was then at Nichomedia in Bithinia wherein the Imperiall Pallace was consumed by fire This being imputed to the Christians he sent commaundements all ouer to persecute them yea to burne the bookes of holy scripture to take from the place of Magistracy with ignominy all them that were Christians Dioclesian persecuted the East and Maximian the West Crueltie was sharpe in Syria and it began at the Bishops See Euseb lib 8 cap. 6. This fury spread into Mesopotamia Cilicia Pontus Phrigia Armenia Egipt yea euen to the Iles of Lesbos as
he writ to many But finally being tormented by the filthinesse and stench of the place in the end he yeelded his spirit to God the yeare 308. Eusebius a Gretian by Nation a Phisitians sonne after Damasus succeeded in the gouernment of the Romane Church in the great persecutions in the time of Maxentius the horrible Tyrant The Authours of the Ecclesiasticall history make no mention of this Eusebius The booke of Councells attribute to him three Decretall Epistles The first to the Bishoppes of Gaul The second to the Egiptians The third to the Bishoppes of Tuscane and Campania His ordinances contained in those Epistles are these in effect That sheepe shall not draw their Shepheard or Bishop into Lawe vnlesse he denie the Faith That a mayd which shall be espowsed only by words of the present time may enter into Religion That the Sacrifice of the Aultar be consecrated not in cloath of silke but in linnen cloth and such like bables which the infamous fauourers of the seate of Popes haue not beene ashamed to assigne to those good and faithfull Ministers of the Lorde to disfigure and defile with their orders this honest face of the primitiue Church which follow his head Iesus Christ in continuall persecutions to establish their seate of perdition and to pollute the bloud of those holy Martyrs But contrary Eusebius trauailed much in the haruest of the Lords word as well at Rome as other where in the time of persecutions vnder Maxentius vntill that as Christianus Mattoens saith hee finished his life by martyrdome the yeare of the Lord 309. But amongst Histogoriographers there is great diuersitie for the number of yeares Licinius born in Dare was made Augustus companioÌ of the Empire with Maximin Galari after the death of Seuerus the yeare of our Lord 308. He was a warlike man and Slauonia was first giuen him to gouerne after the East he was noble although he came of a pesant he shewed himselfe cruel towards the children of Galerius his ally He was an enemy vnto letters as hauing no knowledge no not to write his owne name And he called the liberall Arts a publike poyson and pestilence Euseb lib. 4. ca. 13. He deserued praise in that he repressed abuses the boldnesse insolencies of the brauest of his Court which he called the Moathes and Rattes of his Pallace He raigned 14 yeares liued 60. See Pomp. Laet. Constantine the great sonne of the Emperour Constantius and Helena S. Ambrose in his funerall Oration of Theodosius saith that hee was a seruant in a stable and was borne in England Hee was instructed in the Militarie Art vnder Galerius He tamed the Sermates a fearce Nation barbarous brought their Duke captiue to Galerius who coÌceiued enuy at the glory of this yong Prince whereof being aduertised he retired from Rome towards his Father into England who dyed soone after By the fauour of Princes he was declared Emperour the yeare 309. The Senate writ vnto him Letters to aduertise him of the euil gouernment Maxentius for the great cruelties hee exercised at Rome wherevpon he marched towards Rome and pursued Maxentius who retiring into the Towne made couer Tyber with Boats nye the bridge Miluius which by subtil deceit as hee thought he made ioyne together to deceiue Constantine and to haue drown'd him wheÌ he followed him But he himself as furious first comming out to flie not remembring his owne stratageme that hee practised for an other entred on horsebacke with a fewe people vpon the bridge where he was drowned in Tyber the 6. yeare of his Empire For this happie deliuerance honors were giuen to Constantius so he acquited Italie and Affrike For his Father had only left him the Gaulois and Spaine and would so haue contented himselfe had it not bene for the warre that Licinius raised making himselfe Cesar and was established in the East Maximian as we haue said with his great griefe had forsakeÌ the Empire being greeued so long to lead a priuate life did his best by the meanes of Maxentius his sonne chosen Emperour to returne to the Empire but because hee succeeded therein not well he retired towards his sonne in lawe Constantine vnto whom he had giuen his daughter Fausta and sought by ambushes to cast him out of the Empire Which Fausta perceiuing well reuealed to her husband preferring him before her father Wherefore the sonne in lawe besieged him at Marcellis tooke him aliue and bad him choose whatsoeuer kind of death he would He strangled himselfe with a cord or girdle And so this wicked and bloudie man which had shead so much Christian bloud vnluckily finished his life of his age sixtie Licinius at the first had some great familiaritie with Constantine and to please him made a shew to loue the Christians in so much that he married Constance the sister of Constantine and by a mutuall consent together caused to publish lawes for the Christians but afterward comming againe to his nature and forgetting the honour that Constantine had done him began to conspire against him because Constantine so fauoured Christians whose enemie he declared himselfe alleadging this cause that in their assemblies they prayed for Constantine and not for him Licinius then beganne the persecution by his owne house after he stretched it farre by Lawes and Edicts into the Prouinces of the East forbidding especially Bishoppes to make assemblies and Sinodes Secondly that men and women to auoyd scandalles and offence not to assemble at prayers Thirdly that such as were appointed prisoners as transgressors of Edicts should not be visited nor succoured in paine to incurre the like condemnation c. He then set himselfe against the Bishops not openly for feare of Constantine but made them die secretly by his Committees Euseb Lib. 10. Chap. 8. In the Towne of Sebasta Losias killed in a poole fortie souldiers whose Martirdome Basile the great described and other Martirs which were cruelly murdered Licinius increased more and more his crueltie but the Lord sent Constantine to represse him who experimented against him the Forces of the Gaules and Italie hauing ouerthrowne him in Hungarie and pursued him into Macedonia where he repaired his forces He was chased into Asia and in the end yeelded himselfe seeing he was vanquished by sea and by land and was sent into Thessalonica to liue priuately yet could he not so escape the true vengeance of his boldnesse crueltie and infidelitie For hee was slaine by Constantines souldiers about the yeare of our Lord three hundred twentie and foure after some writers Melchiades the thirtith Bishop succeeded in the Church of Rome and was of Affrike after Damasus A man of great pietie and a true seruant in the holy Ministerie of the Gospell and in the affaires of the truth of God vntill hee was put to death vnder Maximin Galerius the yeare of the Lord 314. Read herevpon the Ecclesiasticall History of Eusebius where he reciteth diuers cruell kindes of death wherewith the
Saints of that time were persecuted Carsulan Platina Stella and other of the Popes flatterers attribute wrongfully to these holy Martyrs of the Lord Iesu whole Chariots full of lying decrees to the ende the diuellish ordinances of their ceremonies or rather blasphemies might be approued by their authoritie They attribute vnto him the forbidding of Fastes on the Sundayes or Thursdayes because on them the Painims celebrated the solemnities of their God Saturne Item a decretall touching Baptisme and the Confirmation De consecratione distinct 5. cap. Spirit sanct cap. De his c. Note this for the Bishops of the Romaine Church vntill Siluester the first But what man would thinke that poore and simple Ministers of the word and Pastors of the Church such as then were the Bishops of Rome inhabiting in ditches and caues attending nothing vnder those Tyrants from day to day but only death could haue thought vpon this pride arrogancy which after those Popes vsed in buildings and other ordinances seeing they had neither Temples nor houses whether they might retire Peace was not yet giuen to the Church They yet enioyed not that vnprofitable Idlenesse nor the soueraigne delights of this world nor that whoore which by litle and litle rose vp had not yet her bedde ready yet such haue bene the inuentions of false Prophets to set out the whoores body and so is the Popes Sinagogue founded vpon so euident lies as nothing more Assuredly it were great folly to giue faith to such ridiculous dreames of Sathan forged for the gaine and profits of Priests Better therefore it is in this case to prooue the spirits namely whether they be of God or not as it is said 1. Iohn Chapter 4. seeing many false Prophets are come into this world Vntill this time Pastors were as Starres in the Firmament of the Church shining as well in doctrine as in good example they were also garded by the right hand of him that walked in the middest of the seuen Candlestickes Hitherto men esteemed them as Angels preaching the word of the Almightie God without fiction yea that more is hitherto they were figured by the white horse because in the ministerie they carried the victorious Iesus Christ as well in their hearts as in their bodies and as well in mouth as worke Ceremonies in the celebration of the Supper The memorie of the Lords Supper was not performed but in publike assemblies and therefore the Synode of Gangre vnder the Emperour Constans condemned Eustace Bishop of Seluste in Armenia because contrary to the order of the vse of the Church he permitted some which disdained to come into the Church to Communicate in particular houses Socrat. Lib. 2. Cap. 43. Neither was it lawful to celebrate the Supper in a prophane place as appeareth by Athanasius in the Epistle to them of Antioche Hierome against Iouinian reprehendeth the maner of doing in other Christians at Rome which Communicated in houses Wherfore said he entred they not into Churches c. Deacons distributed the Supper of the Lorde Priestes beeing present with one diuiding the Eucharist and this was after the Canon of the Councell of Nice The Priests distributed the Cup of the bloud of the Lord Doctors of this time often call it Cup or Mistike vessell S. Hierome writing of vessells to distribute the Lords Supper in saith of a Bishop of Tholouze called Exuperius There was nothing so rich as that which carried the body of our Lord in an Osier basket and the bloud in a Glasse By the first booke of Euseb of the Euang. 92. Demonst Chap. 10. One may easily knowe that Christians daily celebrated the memorie of the body and bloud of Iesus Christ And S. Ambrose in his fift booke of Sacraments Chapter 4. reprehendeth the Easterne Churches because they communicated but once a yeare In the Churches of Affrike they which should communicate passed the night in watchings prayers As Athanasius reciteth in the Apologie of his flight adding that all mutually ought before to be reconciled together And in the Westerne Churches al communicated except the Catechumenistes and such as did penance as appeareth by Hierome vpon the 7. Chapter of the 2. to the Corinthians About this time water was giuen with wine as appeareth by S. Ambrose first Chapter of his fist booke of Sacraments They put saith he into the Cup wine then water c. which being mingled was consecrated with the wine The maner of the Churches was to giue the Eucharist in the hand of him that tooke it as appeareth by the words of S. Ambrose to the Emperour Theodosius Reachest thou out thy hands which yet are bloudie and which yet distill the bloud by thee shead to take the holy body of the Lord Darest thou apply to thy mouth the precious bloud of the Lord c. The Priest as he distributed the bread said Take the body of the Lord and in distributing the wine Take the bloud of Christ and at both the Communicant answered Amen Ambrose in the 4. booke of Sacraments Chap. 5. To such as were nigh their deaths they brought the Eucharist Horatius a Priest of the Church of Verseil carried it to Ambrose nigh his death Paulinus in the life of S. Ambrose reciteth it May abuses began in this time to arise Such as made any great voyage either by sea or land carried the Eucharist as appeareth in the Oration of Saint Ambrose vpon the death of Satyrius Touching the ceremonies vsed in administring the Sacrament Denis hath left by writing that which followeth The Bishop hauing ended the prayers before the Aultar began to perfume and compasse all the place after returning to the Aultar he began to sing Psalmes and all followed This done the Ministers in order read something of the holy scripture That read they caused the Catechumenistes with the Enenguinians to goe out and such as were admitted to penance One part of the Ministers kept themselues before the portall of the Temple shut the others did such things as belonged to their charge Such as are elected to minister with the Priests presented the bread before the Aultar and the Cup of blessing Whilest all the Churchmen sung praises and Himnes to the Lord the Bishop which said the praiers pronounced peace to all And after euery one had saluted one an other the Priests and the Bishop washed their hands with water After the Bishoppe in the middest of the Aultar enuironed with Priests and Ministers began to praise and magnifie the workes of the world and propose to the people the signes of the Supper and to declare them vnto them and inuite them to the participation thereof which finally ended in thankes-giuing c. The word Messe was not found amongst the writers of this time And as for the two preparatiue prayers of the Priest meaning to say Masse which are shufled into the workes of Ambros Erasmus himselfelfe iudgeth them not to be S. Ambroses They
against Arrius was Macarius Bishop of Hierusalem Eustachius Bishop of Antioche Hosius Bishop of Corduba in Spaine Pathuntius of Egipt and Maximus these two had their eyes put out for the Faith and many other persons which had suffered persecution vnder the aforesaid Titants There was also Spiridian Bishop of Tremythe in Cyprus and Nicholas Bishop of Mirme in Licia a very graue man Also Athanasius then a Deacon of the Church of Alexandria Theophilus Bishop of the Gothes and Alexander Bishop of Alexandria c. Spiridian was he that in Lent presented flesh to a Pilgrim as he passed by and did eate himselfe and caused him also to eate saying that to pure Christians all things are pure Hist tripart lib. 1. Chap. 10. After that license was graunted to the two parties Eusebius Bishop of Nichomedia the Patrone of Arrius presented a Libell full of blasphemies conteining briefly that which hath bene before said That God who is for euer was not alwaies the Father And seeing all things were created of God the sonne also must be a worke made and many other blaspemies This Libell was recited and read with great sorrowe of most part of them which were there because of the blasphemies conteined therein and was torne in peeces to the great confusion of the Author There followed a very sharpe contention of both parts which the Emperour harkened vnto with great patience But finally Eusebius and his consorts fearing to be banished made a countenance to renounce their errours and to subscribe to the determination of the Fathers except Secundus and Theon as Athanasius reciteth in the decrees of the Sinode of Nice But the Bishops after they knew their fraude and how they disguised the truth with words began to vse the word Essence and Homousios that is to say of one same substance Then the Eusebians abhorred these words Homousios and Essentiall as straunge vnvsed in the holy scripture The Fathers declared that necessarily they were constrained to vse these words to signifie that the Sonne was engendered of the substance of the Father according to which bee was consubstantiall to the Father that is to say of one same substance and essence A Philosopher who by no Arguments could be surmounted was finally conuerted by a simple Bishop who said vnto him Harken Philosopher there is one God which made all things in the power of his word and by the sanctification of his holy spirite confirmed them This word which we call the Sonne of God hath redeemed mankinde which was in the bottomelesse pit of hell by his death and resurrection Torment nor trouble thy selfe too much with thine owne arguments and demonstrations in this matter which must be apprehended by faith and that Iesus Christ himselfe and his Apostles hath taught vs. Answere mee doost thou beleeue it is so The Philosopher astonished said vnto him I beleeue and confesse to be vanquished after exhorted others of his profession with him to beleeue the doctrine At the said Councell Constantine hauing receiued diffamatorie Libels accusations debates and particular quarells of Bishops one against an other caused them all to be cast into the fire that none might vnderstand their debates or errours God hath ordeined you Bishops saith he and hath giuen you power to iudge of your selues by meanes whereof we yeelde our selues to your iudgement Men may not iudge you but God alone vnto whom we referre the deciding and determination of your controuersies This humilitie of Constantine afterward brought great damage to his Successors The said Councell would haue forbidden Priests and Deacons to dwell with their wiues but Pathuntius whome Constantine had in such reuerence that hee often caused him to come into his Pallace and imbraced yea kissed the place froÌ whence his eye was plucked out rising vp confessed that marriage was honourable amongst all men and the bed vndefiled and said that the company of the husband with the wife was chastitie and perswaded the Councell not to set out such Lawes which might giue occasion of fornicatioÌ both to them their wiues The Councell approued his opinion and so dealt nothing vpoÌ that matter but left to euery one liberty to marry or not according as to euery one should seeme expedient wherefore as before so now also was it lawful for Priests to retain their wiues and to marry But after Siritius Gregorie the seuenth forbad such marriage and commaunded continency which notwithstanding the Easterne Priests neuer receiued It is not then true which some write that Calixus who was before this Councell commanded continencie For then there would haue bene some mention of him in the said Councell and of his decree Eusebius Extract out of the Acts of the Councell of Nice We beleeue in God the Father Almightie Creator of all things as well visible as inuisible and in our Lord Iesus Christ the onely sonne of God borne engendered of him that is to say of his proper substance and therefore God of God borne and not made of the same substance of the Father by which sonne all things were made as well in heauen as in earth who also for the loue of vs men and for our saluatioÌ discended from heauen tooke our humaine flesh was made man He suffered death passion and after rose again the third day then he ascended into heauen and finally must come to iudge the quicke and the dead We also beleeue in the holy Ghost All such as say that there was a time that the sonne was not and that before be was borne in the earth he was not and that he was created of nothing or of other substance then of the father or that he is the sonne of God but coÌuertible mutable the holy Catholicke and Apostolicke Church excommunicateth and anematizeth them It was also amongst other things ordeined in this Councell that no Bishop ought to receiue any of them which an other Bishop hath excommunicated or thrust froÌ his Church were he Clarke or Laie man But if we vniustly for hatred or anger were excommunicated or chased away It was ordained that in each Prouince the Prelates there should assemble euery yeare twise to holde their prouinciall Councell to knowe and iudge of such matters to the end that if any man had done any thing vniustly it might be retracted by others and that if he had done well it might be approued That in Alexandria and Rome the auncient custome should be kept namely that the Bishoppe of Alexandria should haue care of the Churches of Egipt and that of Rome of such Churches as are about Rome That if two or three Bishops striue or do not agree to consecrate one elected for some dissention In this case they must hold themselues to the determinatioÌ of others of the prouince and especially of the Metropolitane That the prerogatiue which before times hath bene giuen to the Bishop of Ierusalem shal be kept for him without preiudice notwithstanding of
the Metropolitans dignitie That the Cathares heretikes called Nouatians if they would repent themselues come again to the Church confesse the faith according to the beliefe of the church should be receiued into the order thereof And if their Bishop come with ours let theÌ sit with our Priests And let the name of a Bishop remaine only to theÌ which haue alwaies held the catholike faith to no others That in one Citie there be but one Bishop That if any of them which indiscreetly haue bene ordained Bishops being accused of crime do confesse it or be by others conuicted let them be deposed and likewise such as haue erred in the faith and by errour haue bin promoted if after they be knowne That such as in time of persecution haue receiued the faith and with a good hart repent themselues do 5. yeares make their penance with the Catechumenes that is to say such as learn the faith to coÌmunicate with theÌ in praiers only after which terme they may be receiued to y e Sacraments of y e Church That such as for the Faith haue renounced the Campe and after returne thither againe doo there penance 13. yeare and after to be receiued to the Sacraments if a true repentance might be seene in them And notwithstanding that it should be in the faculty power of the Bishop to abridge the terme if he see their penance to be fruitfull and hartie That if that foresaid penitents come to peril of death before their penance be ended that then the Sacraments should be administred vnto them yet if they escaped they should be bound to ende their penance That the Catechumenes which had likewise erred should be three yeares seperated from others and do their penance apart and after be receiued with them That no Bishop nor Clarke presume to clime vp from a little Church to a greater That the Clarke which shall leaue his Church without lawfull cause going vagarant and running heere and there be not receiued to other Churches to the Communion That no Bishop ordaine any who is not of his owne Dioces without leaue of his Diocesan That none take any vsury nor gaine or aduantage vpon Wine or Corne as customably men do giuing new for old or taking the sixt part of the gaine or the tenth halfe and if hee doo it let him be driuen away as one that taketh vnlawfull gaine That Deacons be not preferred before Priests nor sit in their ranke nor in their presence do distribute the Sacraments but only minister vnto them and assist wheÌ they do distribute but when there are no Priests there in that case they may depart them That the Diaconesses because they are not consecrated be accounted amongst Laie-people There were many Canons made and discerned in that Councell and formes of confessions of Faith touching the diuine essence really distinguished truly and eternally into three persons the Father the sonne and the holy Ghost which are one onely God alone eternall infinite and all perfect in himselfe Which persons are coessentiall and coeternall without confusion of properties and relation and without any inequalitie c. But heere it should be too long to recite the said confessions which many good Bishops presented in this Councel And for the most part they are found in the bookes they haue left vnto their posteritie The Fathers then vnited in the true doctrine touching the person of the sonne of God concluded this Article as is aboue said The Emperour Constantine also gaue out a decree and ordinance thereof And euen as Porphirius an enemie to Christian religion in times past receiued the salarie and reward of confusion for his impietie So Arrius and his complices true Porphirians were to all an horrour and abhomination He added further and denounced the paine of death to all such as hid the writings of Arrius without discrying them and burning them in the fire As for the other occasion and cause for which this Sinode was assembled namely touching the celebration of Easter the Emperour being grieued that the inequalitie of the obseruation thereof troubled so many Churches proposed to the Fathers that the decision thereof was made that all men should celebrate it on one same day It seemed vnto him vnfit that so sacred a feast as that should be celebrated after the immitation of the Iewish nation the enemies of Iesus Christ So hauing made these remoÌstraÌces vnto the Councell he asked of Acesius Bishop what he thought thereof but Acesius durst not say coÌtrary to him This question then was decided after they had ordained of things Ecclesiasticall and it was agreed therevpon that the celebration of Easter should be obserued on one same day throughout all the world The difference also which was betwixt Miletius Bishop of Licia a Towne in Thebaide and Peter Bishop of Alexandria was agreed Epipha saith Lib. 2. Tom. 2. Heres 68. that the aforesaide Peter helde that they which in time of persecution were fallen into renouncement returning to the Church and confessing their fault if they demaunded pardon that they ought not to be suspended from the communion Miletius maintained that we may not receiue them vntil the persecutioÌ cease least others by too great facilitie of pardoning offenders should be offended or elfe thereby might be prouoked or induced to fall into like infirmitie Socrates saith that for many other causes Meletius had bin deposed by Peter of Alexandria and that for this ignominy he alwaies after bare euill will vnto Peter and his successors Achilles and Alexander which Theodorus also reciteth Lib. 1. Chap. 8. This is briefly that which may be said in this history of the Councell of Nice which although it was as a thunder-bolt to confound that wicked Arrian heresie yet was it not so destroyed but after it lifted vp the head againe And that more is it was neuer more pernitious to all the Church theÌ after the death of Constantine when especially it had gotten for the defence some of the Emperours which lifted vp her head notwithstanding that which Athanasius in his Epistle to Epictetus Bishop of Corinth saith is true The faith which the Fathers haue expounded by the holy scripture in that Sinode is sufficient to confound all impietie c. Eusebius in his chap. 27. lib. 3. reciteth that the machinations ambushes laid by the sectaries of Arrius and Eusebius against Athanasius gaue occasion to the Emperor to conuocate in his time many Councells and assemblies of Sinodes There was a Priest who got fauour of Constantia widow of the Tyrant Licinius and the sister of Constantine whom this Priest made beleeue that great wrong was done vnto Arrius at the Councell of Nice and that his faith was not repugnant from that of the said Councell A litle after the said Constantia taken with a mortall disease sent for her brother Constantine and gaue witnesse of the innocencie of Arrius whereby this Priest hauing gotten accesse to the Emperour by
the meanes of Constantia hee himselfe then perswaded touching Arrius namely that hee thought no otherwise then the Councell did Constantine then sent Letters to call againe Arrius who came to Constantinople with Euzoius a Deacon who also had bene deposed by Alexander They by the Emperours commaundement gaue in a disguised and couert confession the beginning whereof was We beleeue in God the Father almightie and in our Lord Iesus Christe his sonne begotten of the Father before all worlds God and Word by which all things were created as wel in heauen as in earth who came downe and tooke humane flesh and suffered death was raised againe and ascended into heauen should come againe to iudge the quick the dead c. The rest is in Sozomen lib. 2. chap. 27. After Constantine had seene this confession he asked them if with a good hart they thought as they spake Arrius affirmed yea Constantine mistrusting his owne iudgement sent Arrius with his adherents to an assembly of Bishops which then was at Ierusalem commanding them diligently to examine the coÌfession of Arrius that is if he had reuoked his error if Alexander did him wrong or no. The Sinode of Ierusalem aduertised of the Emperors will sent Letters to the Bishops of Egypt Thebaid and Libia exhorting them that according to the witnesse of the Emperour Arrius might be receiued into the Communion The Arrians strengthened with these witnesses came againe into Alexandria and thrusting themselues into company Athanasius who then hadde the charge of Alexandria would not admit them Arrius returned to Constantinople to make his complaints against Athanasius there likewise hee sought to bring himselfe by force into that Church but Alexander who had the gouernment thereof opposed himself against him saying that the author of such an heresie and a perturber of so many Churches ought not to bee receiued This came to a great contention the Eusebians threatning they would cause Alexander to bee banished Certaine dayes following the Arrians concluded to introduce Arrius by force into the Church But Alexander placing his force in the Armour of pietie entred ouer night into the Temple accompanied with two of his household and with teares passed all the night in Orisons and prayers to the Lord that hee would not suffer that rauishing wolfe lately couered with a Lambes skinne to thrust into his flocke Some say that he added these words in his prayer O Lord if it be thy will and that by thy iust iudgement which is inuestigable this wolfe be admitted into thy Church deliuer mee thy poore seruant from this present life The next morning of this determination Arrius enuironed with a great multitude of Eusebians was ledde to be brought into the Temple as in a triumph but when they were come to the place called the Market place of Constantinople Arrius was suddenly taken with a feare and an astonishment within him which caused a paine in his belly so that leauing the company he was constrained to goe into a secret place to purge his belly the company which should accompany him to the Temple attended him in the meane while but seeing him tarry long some went to the easing place and found Arrius dead vpon the siege his entrails being come out at his fundament This was the end of Arrius which greatly feared his companions who to couer so foule and infamous a death said he was suddenly suffocated and choked with a disease of the stomacke Others that he was poisoned Some said that too great ioy had stifled him yet none could say but this was a iust iudgment of God vpon him Athanasius Lib. I. against the Arrians and the Epist to Serapion Sedulius a Christian Poet reciteth it in his Verses Siluester called the dayes otherwise then before for the day of the Sunne le Dimanche the other dayes Feries 2.3.4.5.6 and Samedi for the day of Saturne Antonie being in Egypt in the wildernesse Constantine writ vnto him to pray to God for him and for his children Victorinus of Affrike an Orator was also of this time and Donatus of whom came the Donatist heretickes against which S. Augustine writeth The constitutions attributed to Siluester touching the consecrattion and vse of creame to marke such as were baptized and annoynt such as were nigh death and such other inuentions are in the booke of Councels whereof Luitprandus Platina and Sabellicus make mention in their bookes and speak of them after their owne iudgement Councells in diuers places After the Councell of Nice Siluester at the commaundement of Constantine made assemble a Sinode at Rome of 277. Bishops wherin there was condemned Arrius Photinus Sabellius with one Calixtus as the booke of Councels shewes And againe by a Sinode following the decrees of the Councell of Nice were confirmed and the solemnitie of Easter established to be obserued on the Sunday from the 14. of the Moone vntill the 21. The multitude of Councels and Sinodes multiplied traditions vpon traditions and brought in great errours and the good and holy constitutions of Nice were soone after by such meanes contradicted 1. At Neocesaria in Pontus Polemoniake betwixt Paphlagonia and Armenia was instituted that none should be a priest before the age of 30. yeares 2. At Elebert in Spaine Bishops Priests Deacons and Subdeacons were commaunded to abstaine from theyr wiues and not to haue children otherwise that they should bee deposed That there should be no Images in the Temples of Christians If any broke an Image and were murdered because it is not written in the Gospell neither is there read that it hath bene done by any of the Apostles it pleased the Councell that such a one be not admitted nor receiued into the number of Martyrs 3. At Rome it was ordained for Churchmen that none should accuse them nor draw them into lawe 4. At Arles the first counsell was giuen to young people by no meanes to marry againe if by chance for adulterie they bee seperated from their wiues 5. At Gangia in Paphalagonia they excommunicated and anathematized such as condemned them that eate flesh so that it were not offered vnto Idols c. Item they excommunicated such as iudged a married Priest ought not to excercise his ministerie because of his marriage and likewise such as abstained from their ministerie At this time vnder the shadowe of chastitie and virginitie men began to despise marriage as appeareth by the first ninth tenth fourteenth and fifteenth Chapter of the said Councell where all such as blame marriage and leaue their children or the wife her husband or the husband his wife to liue in continencie are excommunicated 6. At Arles the second was ordained the contrary that none should be admitted into the Ecclesiasticall estate vnlesse he promised to renounce the bonds of marriage The Iberians were conuerted to the faith they are of Asia vnder the climate of Pontus namely the King the Queene the Nobilitie and al the people by the preaching of
saith that the Towne was dedicated by him the yeare of his Empire 28. and as he had taken the Empire diuided and vnited it in his person so he diuided it againe as a paternall heritage and made a partition thereof amongst his children whom whilest he liued he created Cesars one after an other that is to say Constantine his eldest sonne Anno. 10. Constantius the second Anno. 20. and Constans the youngger Anno. 30. Whose Empires were very turbulent and endured but 24. yeares 5. moneths 12. dayes according to the Chronicle of Hierome Constantine the Father died at Nicomicha after he had liued 66. yeares and raigned 31. yeares Pompon Laet. Licinius the sonne of Constantia sister of Constantine the great and Crispus sonne of the said Constantine the great with his said son Constantine the eldest were created Caesars the yeare of the Lord 316. But the wickednes of Fausta the wife of Constantine the great caused the death of Licinius and Crispus and many other noble personages See Aure. Victor and Pompo Laet. Crispus was instructed by Lactantius Constantine the eldest sonne of Constantine the great was Emperour with his two brethren after the father the yeare of our Lord 338. The Empire was thus parted namely that Constantine should enioy Gaul Spaine and England Constance should haue Italie with Slauonia and Greece And Constantius should holde Constantinople with the East This partition contented not Consantine hee raised warre against his brother Constance being proud of his Army of Gaul but warring more couetously then warily was ouerthrowne by an ambush nigh to Aquilea and being wounded in diuers places dyed there hauing raigned but three whole yeares and liued 25. See Bapt. Egnat and Pomp. Laet. Constance after he had vanquished his elder brother passing the Alpes came to make warre in Gaul and in two yeares with great difficultie conquered the Countrey which his brother had in partition He at the beginning gouerned well but after gaue himselfe to pleasures and at last became odious to all men So that in the end they conspired against him as he was at hunting and was slaine by the deuice and treason of Magnentius who vsurped his Empire yet he had saued this Magnentius his life Constance liued thirtie yeares and raigned fourteene See Pomp. Laet. Constantius had for his part the Empire of Constantinople with the East Hee vanquished Vetranio who made himselfe Emperour in Hungarie after the death of CoÌstance Moreouer to reuenge the death of his said brother Constance hee made great warre against Magnentius In the first battaile there were slaine of one part and the other 53000. fighting men Magnentius had the worst And againe making head was ouercome nigh Lions Constantius was suspected vpon enuie and ambition to haue made away Dalmatius his Cousin-germain a vertuous man who better resembled Constantine the great then his owne father and who was appointed for a copartner with the said Constantius when he had his partition But Constantius liued not long after For as he was going the second time against the Persians vnderstanding that Iulian had made himselfe Augustus he tooke a Feuer and dyed the yeare of his age 40. and of his Kingdome 24. See Eutrop. Aurel. Vict. Pompon Laet. and Bapt. Egn. The Sinode of Sardis in her Sinodall Letters calleth Iulius their friend and companion Theodoret. lib. 2. chap. 8. It followeth that the Bishop or Archbishop of Rome had not the pretended superioritie It seemeth that Iulius was dead when Constantius hauing tamed the tyrannie of Magnentius and Syluanus hee was in Italie to appease the discordes of Athanasius his cause Liberius borne in Rome his father being called Augustus succeeded Iulius the yeare of Christ after S. Hierome 352. about the 12. yeare of Constance Empire his confession was agreeing vnto the Catholique faith and writ to Athanasius very Christianly of God the Father God the Sonne and God the holy Ghost as may be seene in his Epistle which is affixed to the workes of Athanasius Athanasius in the Epistle to them which leade solitary liues rehearseth how Liberius was subuerted The Emperour Constans sent to Rome one named Eusebius an Eunuke with Letters wherby he threatned him exile and on the other side tempted him with presents to induce him to coÌsent with Arrius and to subscribe to the condemnation of Athanasius Liberius despised both his menaces and gifts as a sacrifice of blasphemie Whereat the Emperour being exceedingly grieued found meanes to get him out of Rome and being come to him threatned him with death But Liberius manfully answered I am ready to endure all rather then of Christians we should be accounted Arrians Why what art thou said the Emperour that with one wicked man troublest all the world The word of Faith said Liberius dependeth not vpon multitude He was then banished by this Emperour Constans into Berrea which is a Towne in Thrace Where after hee had bene two yeares he was called home as saith Theodoret his restitution after some was accorded by the Emperour at the request of many Romanes and of the Westerne Bishops The same saith Athanasius in the before alleadged Epistle Also that Liberius after his two yeares exile feared with threatnings and apprehension of death sealed to the condemnation of Athanasius Ruffin saith the same and Hierome as Baleus saith writeth that by ambition Liberius fell into the heresie of Arrius being once fallen from the integritie of faith We finde some constitutions of Liberius namely not to make noises in fasting time that times of fasting and Lent bee not polluted by the act of marriage that in time of famine and pestilence men should appease the Lords anger by fasting almes and prayers An aduertisement The principall felicitie and ornament of the Church of this time was the multitude of excellent Doctors which by their doctrine sought so farre as in them lay to conserue multiply the puritie of doctrine But this felicitie was greatly obscured partly by the multitude of heretickes and partly by the rage of seditious people and schismatickes In so much that since the time of the Apostles there was no Church that hath endured more dissentions combats and diuisions within it then that of this world Wherevpon by good right Basile the great in a certaine poeme writing of the iudgement of God complaineth saying I haue liued the age of a man and I haue seene great concord amongst the Arts and Sciences But in the Church of God alone for which Iesus Christ dyed I haue obserued so many dissentions that it is altogether dissipated and wasted And comming to the cause As I searched saith he the cause I remembred the place of the booke of Iudges where it is written That then euery one did whatsoeuer hee thought good in his owne eyes Great persecutions were vnder Constantius after the death of Constans against the Catholike Doctors and Bishops by the Arrians Many were put to death euen within the Temples others
were exiled others put in prison virgins imprisoned and the houses of Christians pilled and sacked S. Hilarie was sent into exile At this time for the great persecutions without and heresies within many retired into the Desarts They write of two which were called Amon. The one was the Father and chiefe of three thousand Monkes The other Amon with two hundreth and fiftie Clarkes and Monkes was slaine by the Arrians Eusebius Sarmatha and Amathas Disciples of S. Anthonie were slaine by the Painimes Macarus the Aegyptian an other Macarus of Alexandria Hylarion the Disciple of S. Paul the Hermit Theodorus Entichian Pachomius Moyses Beniamin Helias SerapioÌ was the father of 2000. Monkes whom hee made worke for the necessitie of their liues and to helpe the needes of other poore Paemen other infinit Martin renounced his military estate Hist trip lib. 8. chap. 1. Iohn Cassian in the Collat of Fathers Naucl A coniuration was made by the Arrians after the Councel of Sardis against two Catholike Bishops Eufrates and Vincentius They caused an whoore in the night time to come into their chamber and by Apostate people which suddenly went after the said strumpet and so profered to accuse them to haue bene surprised in whoordome But the harlot disclosed the coniuration A Councell was held at Millaine in fauour of the Arrians against Athanasius the which resisted Paulinus Bishop of Treners Denis Bishop of Millaine Eusebius Bishop of Verceil and Rhodamus wherevpon they were cast out of the Church and with them Liberius Lucifer Metropolitane of the Iles of Sardine and Osius of Spaine sent into exile Anno Christi 361. The said Osius in his age by many torments beatings and wounds was forced to coÌsent to the exposition of the Arrians and thervnto to subscribe in the first volume of Councels Tritenius saith that Osius being rich fearing either banishment or losse of his goods consented to the Arrians and being about to depose a Catholique Bishop called Gregory he fell downe out of his Chaire and so died Hereby are we aduertized that it is nothing to begin wel vnlesse we perseuer vnto the end Vnder Constantius many Councels were held namely in Tyre Sardis and Millaine as is said in Arimine in Syrmion of Pannonie in Nicea which is in Tharse in Seleucia which is in Isauria wherein the faith of the Fathers of Nice was condemned Felix borne at Rome sonne of one named Anastasis hauing bene the Deacon of Liberius was thrust into his place by the Arrians hoping he would consent with them in doctrine but hee became a true Catholique in the confession of the Councell of Nice and gaue no place either to the heretickes or to Constance himselfe declaring him an hereticke and was rebaptized by Eusebius of Nicomedia We finde in the booke of Councels an Epistle of the Bishoppes of Aegypt to Felix and Felix his answere to them with certaine constitutions namely that none might accuse a Bishoppe before a ciuill Magistrate Item to restore a Bishoppe who is cast out by force Item not to admit witnesse of prophane people against religious persons Item that Bishoppes should frequent Sinodes or send thither if they could not goe Som say that Felix gouerned with Liberius a certaine time But Theodoret saith that Felix withdrew himselfe into an other Towne Socrat. lib. 2. chap. 37. saith that Felix was driuen away by the Romane people in a sedition and that the Emperour thereby was constrained to send for Liberius thither Others say that Felix was beheaded with many others for that hee prooued the Emperour Hilary Bishop of Poiters was reuoked from exile and Paul Bishop of Treuers died in exile in the Countrey of Phrygia Anno Christi 363. Lucius Bishop of Adrianople dyed in prison Paulus Bishop of Constantinople sent into exile was strangled by the way Nicomedia by an earthquake was wholly subuerted and the Townes nigh were also afflicted After the death of Constance Constantius againe pursued Athanasius and then was the great persecution against the faithfull Liberius returned from exile the yeare of Christ 363. About this time three Sectes of Arrians rose vp That is to say Macedonians Eunomians and newe Arrians 1. The Arrians held the Sonne to be like vnto the Father but by grace not by nature 2. The Macedonians that the Sonne is altogether like the Father but not the holy Ghost 3. The Eunomians that the Sonne is altogether vnlike the Father Eusebius Bishop of Verceil endured great torments of the Arrians because in councell at Millaine he tore in peeces a scedule wherevnto the westerne Bishops had subscribed to the Arrians in the Councell of Arimine Some say hee was seuen dayes without bread and water in a Caue and afterward was kept in a very straight place But after the death of Constantius he was deliuered and returned to Verceil into his Bishopricke vnder Iouinian Finally after the death of the said Iouinian vnder Valens who was an Arrian he was stoned by the Arrians the yeare of Christ 388. Note Reader that at this time in each Towne there were both Catholike Dostors and Arrians Temples for the one and Temples for the other so the Church was diuided Achatius Bishop of Cesaria in Palestine an Arrian was in great reputation with Constantius Iulian borne at Constantinople the sonne of Constantius brother of Constantine the great he was faire of face subtill and of good spirit giuen both to Letters and Armes he set Fraunce at libertie which the Almaines had wasted hee tooke the King an the first coÌflict beyond the hope of all Colleine was taken of him when he was very young of which prize hee got great renowne and reioyced the hearts of the souldiers In so much that they named him Emperour in Paris Whereof his Cousin Constantius being aduertised died in dispite about the age of 45. yeares as he prepared to make warre vpon him Yet when he died he made him his heire Anno Domini 363. Athanasius returned into Alexandria George who ruled in his absence was slaine and his body burnt A Sinode was in Alexandria of good Catholique Bishops wherein they that fel into heresie were permitted not onely to returne into the vnion and communion of the Church but euen into their offices and Bishoppricks There was also concluded and declared that the holy Ghost is of one same substance with the Father and the Sonne and that in the Trinitie there was nothing created or lesse or after an other Item that God hath but one essentiall substance but reall subsistence of three persons This word Substance differeth from the word Subsistence when we speake of the persons of the Trinitie For substance coÌcerneth the essentiall nature of a thing after which the three persons of the Trinitie are but one alone substance and nature But this word Subsistence sheweth in one same diuine substance three persons and different proprieties not onely in name as the Sabellians say
the Gothes Viscoths Huns and Scyths who hauing passed Danubia ran vpon Hungaria Epire and Thessalia endammaging much the countrey and burning certaine Townes He was ouercome and flying was wounded with a Dart and so fell from his horse and was put in a litle strawe-house to be healed Alanus the Victor pursued him the house whereinto he went was burnt none knowing he was retired thither This was the reward of his tirannie and crueltie against the faithfull And this came to him three yeares after the death of his brother hauing raigned fourteene yeares This battaile was the beginning of great warre that the Romane Empire after sustained Gratian sonne of Valentinian raigned eight yeares with his Vncle Valens three and with Theodosius 4. But his true Kingdome began after the death of Valens the yeare of our Lord 380. Hee reuoked from Exile the Catholique Bishoppes and put backe the Arrians He made Valentinian his litle brother on the fathers side his companion of the Empire Hauing called Theodosius out of Spaine hee gaue him part of the East Empire establishing him as a Ram-part against the Gothes and Huns which occupied Thrace and Daceas as their hereditary countreys Theodosius handled them hardly At his comming he obtained a great victorie against the Almaines But as he cherished too much some of those barbarous Nations which hee caused to come with him hyring them with Gold his owne souldiers bare him euill will insomuch that Maximus was chosen Emperour in England and passing into Fraunce with the Romane Army ouercame Gratian at Paris who fled to Lions where he was taken and killed trayterously by Androgius See Pomp. Laet. Aurel. Vict. Bapt. Egn. lib. 1. Paul Diac. lib. 1. and Oros lib. 7. chap. 33. Theodosius began his true Kingdome after the death of Gratian the yeare 386. He was of the line of Traian who was also sent by the Emperor Nerua to help the Common-wealth Theodosius maintained and amplified the Empire hee put to flight the Huns and Gothes in diuers battailes which came very farre into the Empire hee also graunted peace to the Persians Valentinian the second of that name the brother of the aforesaid Gratian on his fathers side being chased from Italie by Maximus with Iustin his mother Arrian which had wrought great troubles to Ambrose fled into the East towards Theodosius who receiued him and gaue him part of the Empire after hauing shewed him his fault and that because he rebelled against religion and persecuted the Catholiques he fel into this perill Valentinian was strangled seuen yeares at Vienna in Fraunce by his Chamberlaines at the suggestion of Eugenius and of Arbogastes So that it seemed he had strangled himselfe Theodosius tarried not long before hee ouercame Maximus vsurper of the Gaulois and Victor his sonne and Androgius their Coronell which caused Gratian to die Auenging the death of Valentinian he ouercame Eugenius the Tyrant and Arbogastes his companion in a notable victorie For the time the windes the snowe and hayle ranged themselues on his side who had fewe people in respect of the Armie of Eugenius Claudians Latine verses with exclamation witnesse it saying O welbeloued of God who gaue thee a winter armed for thy successors and made come to thy wages the Tempests and the windes c. The said Iustin hauing drawne into her errour Valentinian her sonne sought also to haue deceiued Ambrose but in vaine One day she sent a sort of souldiers to enuiron the Temple to make Ambrose come out who spake to them and said hee would not so easily forsake his place and that to wolues hee would not expose the sheepfolde nor the Temple to blasphemers And that if they determined to sley him let them do it within the temple and so should death please him Theodo li. 5. chap. 13. Reliques The beginning of adoration of Reliques may be reduced to this time Ruffin writeth of Theodosius before hee enterprised warre against Eugenius the tyrant himselfe went with the Priests visiting the Churches and before the Sepulchres of the Apostles made his Orisons and Praiers The contention betwixt Hierome and Vigilantius prest Bishop of Bercolne in Spaine doth sufficiently shewe that superstition was then come forward By the writings of Hierome which are stuffed rather with iniuries outrages then sound reasons out of the holy scriptures we may know that Vigilantius had reason to oppose himselfe to such Idolatry rather then veneration of the Martyrs The words of Hierome writing to Riparius are Thou saist that Vigilantius openeth againe his stinking mouth and spitteth his infection against the reliques of holy Martyrs calling vs which receiue them Cendrier Idolaters which do reuerence vnto dead mens bones And in the booke which he perticularly writ against Vigilantius saith One Vigilantius is risen vp which with an vncleane spirit against the spirit of Christ denieth that we must honour the Sepulchres of Martyrs condemneth Vigils c then addeth And thou sayest in thy booke that as long as we liue we may pray one for an other but after we be dead that the prayers are not heard and yet they pray for the vengeance of their bloud and cannot be heard In which thou proposest vnto me an Apogrypha Booke which thou and the like readest vnder the name of Esdras where it is written that after death none dare pray c. And thou darest out of the gulfe of thy brest vomit so filthy a mockery as to say the soules of Martyrs then loue their owne ashes and flie about them for being absent they cannot heare a poore sinner who by chance resorteth thither c. Briefly he alleadgeth for great meruailes whatsoeuer Vigilantius said but refuteth it not Hee addeth also that Vigilantius heretike saide that Alleluia should not be sung but at Easter That continencie of single life commaunded is heresie and the seede of whoordome It is also reported vnto me saith hee that against the authoritie of Paul vnto whom Peter Iohn and Iames gaue the right hands who commaunds to remember the poore thou forbiddest that any should send any comfort of money to Ierusalem for the vse of the Saints and maintainest that they doo better which vse their owne and which by litle and litle distribute fruites of their possessions then they which hauing solde their possessions giue all at once He saith yet Thou fearest and turnest away viperous tongue Monkes from their application and studie and sayest by way of argument If all men should shut themselues vp or goe into solitude who should celebrate Churches or who should gaine and winne seculer men c. Wee may know by this rehearsall that Vigilantius and other good Doctors of this time maintained that the adoration of Saints was drawne from the Ethnike superstition of the Gods into the Church of the Lord. The abuse came first from the too great praise of Saints It encreased afterward by the false perswasion of the intercession confirmed by signes and lying miracles The
Possidonius writ his life Sedulius Possidonius Sozomenus Socrates and Theodoriretus were Authors of the Tripartite Historie which afterward was brought into one by Cassiodorus Valentinian was made Emperour with Theodosius and they raigned together the one in the East the other in the West Clodio a Painim King of France raigned 18 yeares Hee recouered from the Romaines Torney and Cambray where he was buried Superstition was now farre entred into the houses of great men In so much as Eudoxia the wife of Theodosius the yonger went vnto Ierusalem and froÌ thence brought the chains wherewith S. Peter was bound by Herode which were ioyned with them of Nero wherevpon afterward was instituted the feast of S. Peter in bonds Item the Relikes of S. Steuen S. Hierome in his Epistle to Eustochius counteth them otherwise Sixtus the third of that name a Romaine gouerned the state of Rome 8. yeares Hee was accused by a Priest of great credit called Bassus to haue committed Incest and to haue violated a religious woman named Chrysogonus and so did Bassus vnderstand of a seruant of the said Sixtus called Peter But in a full Sinode of 55. Bishops by Valentinian Augustus libertie was left to Sixtus to iudge himselfe For it is not lawfull saith he to iudge nor giue sentence against the hie and great Bishop He then tooke his oath that he was innocent of the matter and so was absolued by the Sinode and Bassus banished and all his goods confiscate and giuen to the Church The beginning that the Pope should not be iudged Sixtus then instituted the feast of S. Peter in bondes the first day of August in place of an other Feast which was before made for the victorie of Augustus Caesar which he obtained against Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra Suspition or Idolatrie chaunged but not abolished The Vandales which from the outward parts of Almaine vnder Gratian came into France and after into Spaine finally vnder the conduction of Genserich came into Mauritania and after sell vpon Carthage and there occupied Affricke more then 77. yeares Victor Bishop of a Towne in Numidia which is in Affricke called in Latine Cattena made a booke against the Arrians and presented it to Genseric King of the aforesaid Vandales an Arrian Polychronius Bishop of Ierusalem is chased away Hee in the time of a famine sold all his goods and gaue it to the poore For which chatitie and mercy he was after restored againe Sixtus ordeined that none should bee promoted in the Cleargie into anothers Diocesse or Parish He also before his death gaue all his goods to the poore Hillarie Bishop of Arles left all his goods and went into an hermitage where he composed the life of Saint Honorius Abb. Tritem He had done better if hee had preached constantly and opposed himselfe against the peoples vices Arcadius Probus Paschasius and Eutichius were in great estimation and honour with Gensericus but seeing he could not draw them vnto Arrianisme after many euils finally he martyred them with others yea hee cast certaine Bishoppes out of their places and bookes of Religion and the Christian faith were burnt The Councell of Ephesus the second was assembled by Theodosius wherein Eutiches the heretike was restored and Flauianus a true Catholike condemned by a false accusation For there was Dioscorus Bishop of Alexandria President who was of the sect of the said Eutiches This Councell was corrected by the Councell following which was assembled vnder Leo the Pope first of that name as followeth The Towne of Rhemes was taken by Attila and put to fire and sword Nicasius Bishop of the saide place a very auncient man was slaine and his sister Eutropia put to death Leo a Tuscan first of that name gouerned the Romaine Church 21. yeares He ordained that whosoeuer vnreuerently should handle the Images of Saints should be seperated and depriued of the communion of the faithfull He added to the Masse Orate pro me fratres c. Also the Deo gratias is attributed vnto him He added to the Canon Sanctum sacrificium immaculatam hostiam Item hanc igitur oblationem c. Attila sacked all Italie At the sacking of Aquilia one of the honourablest women called Digna cast her selfe from an high Tower into the water for feare to be rauished by the Barbarians For the fairest women were reserued from death that they might be forced of those barbarous people Naucler Merouee the third King of France raigned ten yeares He also was a Painim and was not the sonne of Clodio but the maister of his horse-men Yet to him the king Clodio recommended the gouernment of his kingdome of his wife of his three children trusting vnto his loyaltie which hee had sworne and promised vnto him in the presence of his Princes But soone after the death of the said Clodio Merouee chased away his said three children and caused himselfe to be chosen King When the three children came to age they made warre vpon him and tooke from him all the Countrey of Austria Lorraine Brabant Namure and Hainault Leo ordeined that there should be but one God-father or God mother at Baptisme and at confirmation Some attribute vnto him the ordinance that Alleluya and Gloria in excelsis Deo should not be sung from Septuagesima vntill Easter Letanies were first in Constantinople and after in the West by Lupus Bishop of Troy receiued and approued Item by Mamerus Bishop of Vienna for an Earthquake that happened and further to appease it was sung the Sanctus Deus Sanctus Fortis Sanctus immortalis miserere nobis From hence-forward thou shalt see infinit superstitions traditions and heapes of Councells and Relikes He ordeined fasting the three Rogation dayes Attila Captaine of the Hunnes tooke Rome before whom Leo came at the first and obtained of him to touch nothing at Rome And Attila being asked wherefore so easily he agreed therevnto answered that hee sawe the Angell of God with a sword drawne who threatned him if hee graunted not his request Paul Diaconus The general Councel of Calcedon of 630. Bishops against Eutiches Abbot of Constantinople vnder Martian In this Councell 16. Chap. this decree is set downe If any Virgin vowe and dedicate her selfe to God and likewise a Monke it shall bee no more lawfull for them to marry but if they be found to marry then to remaine excommunicated yet we ordaine that the Bishop of the place if he thinke good may shew the same humanitie and fauour The Narration or Fable of the 17. sleepers named Malchus Maximianus Martinianus Dionisius Ioannes Serapion and Constantinus raised again as it were 200. yeares after their death and preaching the resurrection of the bodie against certaine heretikes affirming the contrary is forged about this time Long great persecution was against the Christians in the Country of Persia In so much that Theodosius made peace with them that they would cease the persecution Abb. Vsp. The Tripartite
thing worthy of remembrance the great constancie of a woman called Denise and the exhortation she made to her sonne called Maioricus Remember said she my sonne that we were baptised in the name of the Trinitie wherefore let vs not loose the garments of our saluation Also an other called Victoria who neither by the solicitation of her husband nor the teares of her children could be perswaded c. Naucler Epiphanius Bishop of Pauie a very graue man brought into peace and concord the people of Liguria and brought from Burgonie many Captiues as well by his Siluer as his holie life whereby he entreated the redemption of 6000. Captiues Paul Diaconus and Naucler after him Seuerin an Abbot in Noric was now of great renowne Odoacer King of the Gothes as he passed by Noric into Italie went vnto him for his blessing Odoacer occupied Italie and was made King thereof and the Gothes raigned there by the space of 70. yeares The West Empire takes here an end after Augustulus had deposed himselfe the yeare of Christ 472. Sidonius Bishop of Auuerne a famous Poet in this time Clouis the fift King of France and the first Christian King raigned 30 yeares That is fifteene a Painim and fifteene a Christian Hee reuenged himselfe of them which cast out his Father Childerike out of his kingdome Going to Soisons hee tooke it by force and draue away Siagre the sonne of Giles the Romaine who occupied the kingdome against Childeric as hath bene said And at his returne tooke Melum and chased away the Romanes He amplified the kingdome of France hauing subiected to it all the Cities and Townes which the Romanes held betwixt the Riuers Rhene and Seine also all such as were betwixt Seine and Loire The histories of France say that in a certaine battel against the Almaines being at a strait he remembred the admonitions which Clotilde his wife had often giuen him to imbrace the Christian faith and religion In such sort that being pressed he lifted vp his eies to heauen and said Lord God deliuer me from this perill wherein I am thus enuironed with mine enemies and I will beleeue in thy name I all my people It came to passe not only that he was deliuered from perill but also that he had victorie vpon his enemies wherefore he was baptized by Remy Bishop of Rhemes his two sisters and more then 3000. of the noblest of his people besides women and children The inuention and fable of the holy Ampoule as they call it wherwith the kings of France are annointed is reported of this time Clouis for recompence gaue to the Church of Rhemes many great gifts lands signories and rents S. Remy afterward had great authoritie and was principall Councellour of king Clouis Some say he builded the Church of Laon and that hauing erected it a Bishops place gaue vnto it the land of Laon. Patricius the brother of S. Remy Earle of Soissons was after Bishop of Soissons and also gaue to the said Church the Earledome which the Bishop there holds at this day For you must vnderstand that S. Remy and his brother were children of the Duke of Laon and of Soissons of a noble and auncient race The Annales of France make mention that Alaric King of Visigots then occupied a great part of Gaul namely all the country along the Riuer of Loire from Orleans euen to mount Pirenes which do seperate France and Spaine Item the countries of Berry Auuerne Limosin Quercy Perignex Angolmois Agenois Languedoc Prouence and other nigh places against which Clouis willing to make warre as he passed nie Tours he sent to make his offerings to S. Martin to haue his succours against the said Visegoths and that after the victory he himselfe came to Tours and offered great gifts to the Temple of S. Martin If this be so for a first Christian king he was partly instructed in the Christian faith and felt yet his Paganisme because in the place of his old Gods he reclaimed called now vpon Saints The fault may be imputed to the Bishops Pastors which then were more superstitious then religious and more foolishly deuout then well and diuinely instructed in the word of God As S. Brice Patrice Fourcy Medard Gildard Vaast Remy Severin Germanie Loupe Nicaisius Aguien and other Saints of like branne were canonized after their deaths Vnder Zenon there happened such a fire in Constantinople that the greatest part of the Towne was brought into ashes and more then sixe score thousand volumes were lost and consumed Clouis had in marriage Clotilde the daughter of Chilperic King of Burgonie who was slaine by his owne brother called Gondobaldus and his wife mother of the said Clotilde was drowned Felix the third of that name borne at Rome gouerned the Church of Rome 8. or 9. yeares his Father was a Priest called Felix The consecrations of Temples and their dedications yearly are attributed vnto him Germain Bishop of Capua in this time Vaast Bishop of Arras Vedastus in Latin Fulgence Bishop of Rupe in Affrike Auitus Bishop Vienne Solemus Bishop of Chartres preached Christ and Fourcy that came new from Ireland The Councell of Orleans the third at this time after Iohn le Maire In the first Melanius was President In the saide Councell which was vnder Clouis it was agreed that the goods of the Cleargie should be imployed for the mainteining of Priests for the reliefe of the poore for the deliuerance of prisoners and for the repairing of Churches In the Councell of Tarrascon in Spaine Church-men were enioyned not to buye good cheape with intent to sell the same thing dearer for then they should be deposed Meane cares occupied the assemblies of Bishoppes Anastatius the Emperour called Dicorus for the chaunge of colours which appeared in his eye-browes succeeded Zeno and raigned 27. yeares he commaunded straightly to worship a quaternitie that is to say foure persons in the Diuinitie which pernitious heresie was by him maintained Gelatius of Affricke gouerned the Romaine Church fiue yeares his Father was a Bishop named Valericus Naucler The distinction of Autentike and Apocrypha bookes of the scripture are attributed vnto him Hee declared many bookes Apocryphaes as the booke called the Assumption of the Virgine Mary Item the Canons of the Apostles such like In the 1 volume of the Councels The Manicheans againe are condemned and exiled and their bookes burnt He shewed how Anastatius the Emperor might be excommunicated Hee is numbred amongst them which chiefly ordained the Canon Te igitur clementissime c. Some attribute to him the ordinance of Bigamies that is of such as haue bin twise married that they should not be promoted to orders vnles it were by ordinance of the Apostolike sea That orders should be made foure times a yeare and on the Saterday only He made Hymnes Collects Responds Graduels Prefaces of the Masse and brought all into order He
Anastatius a litle after died with lightning he was of the age of 88. yeares the 25. yeare of his Empire Hormisda was renowned for his great almes done to the poore and for condemning the Manichean heresie which sproong againe and for burning their bookes Boetius was put to death by the commaundement of Theodorike the Arrian Iustine the auncient Emperour raigned nine yeares In his youth he kept swine then he kept oxen after he was a Carpenters man About the age of 16. yeares he beganne to follow the warre and by craft came to the Empire For hauing receiued a great summe of siluer to buy the suffrages of Princes Captaines and other for an other he subtilly bought them for himself and so was chosen but he caused all them to die for whom he had receiued the said siluer A Councell at Gerone in Spaine at this time A Councell at Satragosse In the 7. Chapter of the said Councell it is said Whosoeuer receiueth the Eucharist and eateth it not let him be excommunicated for euer This is in the second volume of Councells In the 16. Chapter If any Clarke vpon presumption of vanitie or by dissolution make himselfe a Monke let him bee excommunicated Brigide a virgin in Scotland dyed the yeare 524. of whom many fabulous things are inuented Iustin after his election sent Embassadors vnto Hormisda the Pope to confirme the Apostolike authoritie and to bring peace to all Churches He cast out of Constantinople all the Eutechian Heretikes and Arrians and reuoked from exile all such as Anastatius the Emperour before had banished and Temples were taken from the Arrians and giuen to the Catholiques Theodorice much grieued that Iustin should againe driue away the Arrians in despight determined to torment the Town of Rome Iohn Pope the first of that name a Tuscaine gouerned the Church three yeares at Rome Hee with the Bishop of Rauenna and certaine Senators and Councellors of Rome were sent to Constantinople by Theodorice King of Italy to the end that the Emperour should restore to the Arrian Bishops and Priests their Churches otherwise he would put Rome and Italie to fire and sword As this company approached neare the towne the Emperour Iustin with all his Cleargie and all the people of the Towne met them and the Emperour casting himselfe at the Popes feete saluted him Iohn then being receiued in such honour expounded the cause of his comming and seeing hee could not bring Iustin to Theodorics will began to weep and besought him to helpe the ruine of Italie and of the Catholiques Then rose there vp a great lamentation on the Ambassadors side and of the Auditors euery one seeing Religion to be in so great hazard if the Arrians were restored and on the other side the great dissolation of Rome and Italie Finally the request of the Embassadors obtained the opinion of which was that for a time the cause of the faith might tarry behinde to procure the saluation of the Towne and of Italie The Emperour consented to the restitution of the Arrians suffering them to liue after their owne lawes and statutes but for all this the Pope Iohn and his companions got nothing heereby For the honourable entertainment which the Emperour gaue them was suspected of Theodorice wherefore hee put the Pope in prison at Rauenna where hee finally died in great miserie pouertie and infection and the other Embassadors were likewise with him This was a notable iudgement of God vppon such as set behinde the cause of Faith for a temporall commoditie Peace restored to the Catholiques in Affrike by Hilderic King of Vandales who reuoked from exile all such as his father had banished notwithstanding his father on his death-bed had charged him that he should neuer giue helpe nor support vnto Catholiques Affrike was afflicted vntill this time namely about 74. yeares Some histories say that the Towne of Antioche was by an earthquake wholly destroyed Iustinian the Emperor Iustins Nephew by his sister raigned 38. yeares He set his studie to repaire the estate of the Commmon-wealth by Bellisarius Felix the fourth Pope of that name ruled foure yeares Supp Chron. He was great Grand-father of S. Gregories father There is attributed vnto him the ordinance of extreame Vnction grounding his ordinance vpon the words of S. Iames the 5. Chapter He caused to be builded at Rome the Temple of S. Cosme and of S. Damian and repaired the church of S. Saturnin which was burnt The Feast of the Dedication euery yeare ought to bee obserued and celebrated In this time Cassiodorus compiled in one the Historie which is called Tripartite Boniface ruled at Rome two yeares and more There was great contention and discention in his election For some had chosen Discorus but hee died about a moneth after and so ceased the diuision wherefore hauing prooued the feare thereof hee ordained that three dayes after the Popes death if it were possible there should bee an other elected to shun sedition This was hee which did seperate the people from the Cleargie as they were hearing the diuine Seruice as they called it Iohn the second of that name called Mercurius borne at Rome gouerned the Church three yeares The Vandales tooke ende in Affrike 96. yeares after it was occupied by Gensericus the Tyrant an Arrian And Affrike was made tributary to the Romane Emperour by Bellisarius Iustinian sent the confession of his faith with his owne hand and seale to Iohn the second In the second volume of Councels Item he sent vnto him a Cup of Gold and two of Siluer and certaine Challices Gregorie Bishoppe of Langres was married Fascicul Temp. The Councell of Toledo the second Agapetus a Romane ruled one yeare His father was a Priest called Gordian Iustinian was seduced by Athemius the Eutychian Bishop of Constantinople Agapetus was sent to Constantinople by Theodatus King of the Ostrogothes in Italie to appease the Emperour and to haue pardon for the fault hee had committed in putting to death Queene Amalasontha the wife of Theodorice by whom he was admitted into the Kingdome Agapetus comming to Constantinople contention arose betweene him and the Emperour And after many threatnings against Agapetus Iustinian finally left his errour was quieted and cast Anthemius out of his Bishopricke and there appointed one Mennas in his place at the exhortation of Agapetus Vnto Agapetus is attributed the ordinance of Processions on Sundayes about the Temples The Temple of S. Sophie was builded at Constantinople by Iustinian Germaine Bishop of Paris excommunicated the King of Fraunce Herebert because he left his wife Iugebergne Abb. Vrsp Eleutherius Bishop of Tornay Medard Bishop of Noion Gildard Bishop of Rouan in this time Iordain a Monke after came to be a Bishop of the Gothes a Chronicler of the Ieastes of the Romanes and of the Gothes Abb. Trit Syluerius Pope or Liberius borne in Campania in Italie the sonne of Hormisda Bishop who as is said was
Pope of Rome gouerned the Romane Church a yeare fiue moneth and 12. dayes Naucler He was by force promoted to his dignitie by Theodatus King of Italie who corrupted by siluer constrained the Cleargie to chuse Syluerius without the consent of the Emperour Theodora the wife of the Emperour Iustinian at the instigation of Vigilius Deacon required Syluerius to call again from exile Anthemius and to restore him to the dignitie from which he had bene cast and depriued for his heresie and so to put out Mennas Syluerius would not do this Bellisarius had commission to depriue him of the Popedome and to appoint vnto it Vigilius who subborned false witnesses which affirmed that Syluerius had intelligence with the Gothes and that he would haue deliuered them the Towne of Rome Wherefore Syluerius was constrained to giue place and goe into exile In the second volume of Councells At this time Italie was greatly afflicted with an extreame famine Maurus a Romane and Faustus an Italian Disciples of Saint Benet were sent into France to teach the Monastike life and at the request of the French men who sent messengers to S. Benet to the Mount Cassim Amator a Bishop sent some siluer to Siluerius to maintaine him in exile Syluerius gaue sentence of excommunication against Vigilius The Feast of Purification was at that time instituted in Constantinople to appease a great pestilence Abb. Vrsp. This is Candlemas which then was called Hypapanthy that is to say an encounter or meeting For then Simeon founde Christ whom hee hadde so long attended Liberius made fiue bookes of the Incarnation of out Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ and a booke against the Bishops of Affrike Iustinian compiled the Romane lawes first the Code containing 12. bookes Secondly the Digestes Thirdly the Institutes Fourthly an Epitome of Lawes The warre in Italie against the Ostrogothes by Bellisarius Leonard Attelin Iustinian in his new Constitutions ordained that all Bishops and Priests should celebrate the prayers of Baptisme and of the Lords Supper with an high voyce and with words vnderstood of all Christians to the end that the spirits of the Auditors might be lifted vp with greater deuotion to sing praises vnto the Lord. Vigillius borne at Rome gouerned the Romane Church 14. yeares after Naucier or 8. yeares 6. moneths and 26. dayes after others hee entred wickedly into the papacie It was hee also that ordained that the Masse should be said towards the East Rome was taken and burnt by Totila at this time The first vniuersall Councell was now held at Constantinople of 165. Bishops by the commaundement of Iustinian the Emperour and at the request of Vigilius against Anthemius Seuerus Peter of Antioche Zona and other heretikes who said that the Virgin Marie brought forth Iesus Christ onely Man and not God and man There againe it was agreed that it is well said Marie the mother of God The yeare of Christ 551. Rome was taken the second time of the Gothes by Totila the scourge of God before whom came Vigilius or after Nauclerus Pelagius In this time besides the warre and famine which was in Italie there was also a sore plague in so much that houses were inhabited by sauage beasts Benet the younger was cast into a burning furnace by the commaundement of Totila Herculien Bishop of Peruse had his head sawne off by the same In this time were held the Councels of Orleance the second and third or fourth and fift after some In the 10. Chapter of the second Councell it was ordained that a Christian should not take a Iewe to wife nor that a Christian woman should marry a Iewe and such communication was vnlawfull and if they were ioyned they ought to bee seperated In the third Councell wherein Honoratus Arch-bishoppe was President Chapter 2. it was ordained that no Priest Deacon or Subdeacon should haue the company of his wife otherwise that he should be deposed from his office and remitted into the communion of Lay-people In the 16. Chapter it was ordained that the Deacon before 25. and the Priest before 30 yeares should not be ordained Many in this time were infected with the Priscillian heresie abstaining from eating flesh A Councell held now at Auuerne Vigillius being come to the Popedome by the deceit and subtilties of the Empresse Theodora shee commaunded him to come vnto Constantinople and to restore Athemius as hee had promised but hee refused to doo it saying that iustly he was cast out by Agapetus and Syluerius and that therefore he was not bound to keepe his promise which hee made against all right and reason Theodora very angry hereat sent an Embassage to Rome to drawe Vigillius into Lawe for the iniurie done by him in casting Syluerius into exile Item for the plot by him laid for the death of a young man of the chiefe Nobilitie called Asterius and of one which was his Secretarie Vpon these matters the Embassador arriuing at Rome was aided of the Romanes and they tooke Vigilius and lead him to Constantinople and as hee embarked the people cast stones at him with these Imprecations A famine bee with thee a mortalitie be with thee thou hast done a thousand mischiefes to the Romanes euill enough maiest thou finde where thou goest Doo said hee what you will vnto mee for I haue well deserued it And as he approached nigh vnto Constantinople a great multitude of the Cleargie mette him and conducted him into the Towne Theodora in the meane while ceased not to sollicite Vigillius of his promise and to restore Anthemius To whom Vigilius saide that hee would rather endure all things whatsoeuer then doo it He was grieuously afflicted iniuried and outraged and drawne out of the Temple of S. Sophie or Euphemie whereinto hee was fledde for safetie and refuge One put a rope or corde about his necke and ledde him all ouer the Towne from morning till night This done hee was put in prison fed with bread and water and finally sent into exile with the Cleargie which accompanied him at his entrie After the death of Theodora hee was called againe with all such as went with him at the request of the Captaine Narses but in the way he fell sick and died in Sicile at the Citie of Siracusa Denis Abbot a Romane made the great Pascall Cicle in this time Item a booke of the reason of the Feast of Easter Abb. Trit Arator a Subdeacon at Rome wrote the Acts of the Apostles in Hexamiter Verses Radegonde Queene of Fraunce the wife of Clotharius who was King of France after the death of his brother Hildebert Pelagius a Romane gouerned the seate 12. yeares hee was accused to haue bene the principall cause of all Vigilius his euills But in the presence of the Cleargie and people and in the presence of Narses he mounted the Chaire and publikely swore that he neuer did any euill vnto Vigilius and so escaped and was absolued It is hee who
obserued as the Gospell which is a sacriledge to compare humane ordinances with the eternall word of the liuing God It was there also ordained that no Bigamus should be ordained Priest and that Priestes accused of the people should haue this authoritie that by oath they might purge theÌselues and approue their innocencie By this meanes they would be all innocent Monkes were forbidden to carry any to baptise and women that they should not enter into anye Monasterie of Monkes In Italie after a great drought there came an innumerable multitude of Grashoppers which consumed all the graine and fruite whereof came a great famine in Italie which endured two yeares Chro. Euseb The Legends of Saintes were forged at this time of such liues as these Fathers writ Many Relikes were found out by the subtilties of Sathan As Christes Coate vppon which the souldiers cast Lottes is said to be found in a Coffer of Marble in the Towne of Zapha and froÌ thence carried into the towne of Ierusalem Abb. Vrsperge and Naucler Such foule absurdities merit no recitall but that the greatest of the world haue bene deceiued with these inuentions of Relikes Argentuel nigh Paris made a Banner of this Coat Agilulsphus king of the Lombards was 2. yeares before Rome and the Arrabian Sarrasins entered into Sicilie and by fire wasted it Mauricius otherwise a good Prince who had many victories especially against the Persians in the end became odious to his souldiers because of his infinit couetousnesse which is a very detestable vice in a Prince He by his auarice dissembled rapines and murthers and payed not his souldiers but not them especially which serued vpon the Frontiers of Sarmatia to resist the fiercenesse of the Scithians They remained in barraine places enduring great necessities For this cause the souldiers conspired against him and Phocas was designed Emperour Who caused his M. Maurice his head to be cut off in Chalcedone the heads also of his wife three Children Theodorus Tiberius and Constantine the rehearsall thereof is worthy memorie that Maurice seeing his children murthered by Phocas and that hee himselfe straightway must be put to death he often cryed in this voice which is in 145. Psalme and verse 12. Lord thou art iust and thy iudgements are also And so dyed of the age of 63. yeares and the 20. yeare of his Empire We may learne by the example of the Emperour who was not of the worst in great cruell temptations in such sort to bridle our thoughts that the iustice of God may alwayes haue his praise and be vnto vs a buckler against all temptations Colomban of Scotland a very renowmed Bishop dyed the yeare 598. Abb. Trit The Lombards were conuerted to the Faith by S. Gregorie who writ his Dialogues and presented them to Theodelinde the wife of Agilulphus their King Supplem Chron. Eutropius a Bishop at this time Abb. Trit Phocas 42. in number and the 19. of the Grecian Emperours of Constantinople which ruled in the East from a Gouernour of Scythia after he had wickedly slaine his maister was chosen by the vnlucky Armie whereof he had charge a verie slaue of couetousnesse who handled secret matters with Courtiers after the manner of the Persians and solde the Offices of Magistrates Iudgements and dearly loued such as tormented the people by rapine and extortion This is hee who first ordeined that Rome should first be the chiefe of all Churches yea though it were Constantinople Gregorie the first besides so many ceremonies and superstitions made certaine ordinances and gaue permissions and lycences Amongst others he suffered diuorces for the long disease of a woman which cannot yeeld her dutie to her husband if he cannot conteine vpon condition notwithstanding that he helpe and succour his said wife in her disease This is in the second Epistle to Augustine the English man And in the second volume of Councells But why then did he not rather vse moderation towardes men and women which were cast into Monasteries when they cannot conteine wherefore constraine they them not to marry See the same Epistle Hee made many bookes amongst many others the Dialogues of the miracles of Saints in foure bookes which are full of Fables whereby he pretendeth to prooue that the soules of the dead returne againe and that we must pray for them These Fables inuented to pray for the dead gaue great authoritie to Masses which after came in great credit Sauinian Pope a Tuscane after Gregorie gouerned the Church of Rome two yeares He is accounted the third Pope noted of abhominable infamie an insatiable man and a sworne enemie of his predecessor Gregorie euen to cause his bookes to be burnt He being once admonished to follow the liberallitie of the said Gregorie towards the poore he answered that he dissipated and wasted the goods of the Church to get a good report and the fauour of the people Hee passed not his Popedome without inuenting and ordaining something namely that there should bee burning Lampes kept continually in the Temple and the houres of the day should be distinguished and rung in Churches The sea of Histories Boniface Pope the third of that name a Romane after Naucler ruled in the Church of Rome one yeare fiue moneths In a Sinode at Rome of 72. Bishops 30. Priests and some Deacons it was ordained vnder paine of excommunication that none should be elected Pope or Bishop but three daies after the death of his predecessour and by the consent of the Prince or of the Lord of the place It was also ordained that all such as by gifts fauour came to any Episcopall dignitie should be excommunicated Then it followeth that all their Bishops at this day are excommunicated This Pope ordained that the Aultar should be couered with cleane cloathes That the corporall of the Aultar should be kept cleane This Phocas as is said the murtherer of his M. the Emperour ordeined Boniface Bishop of Rome the soueraigne Bishop of all Chistianitie and the Romane Church chiefe of all the Churches of the world Abb. Vrsp. The primacie then of the Romane Church was established by an homicide and a traytor who died miserably Cosroes King of the Persian vnderstanding his Father in lawe Maurice was put to death by the ambushes of Phocas detested so that treason that he rebelled against the Empire In such sort that he wasted Siria and tooke Ierusalem where there were nintie thousand men slaine And the Chronicles adde that the wood of the holy Crosse was then taken and carried into Persia and the Bishop Zacharie was also prisoner The East Empire beganne to decline The Hans likewise reuolted against the Empire and with their great multitude they ouerranne the Romane Prouinces The Persians occupied Mesopotamia and Assiria and from Ierusalem ranne euen to Cappadocia and Gallatia and succoured all the Country euen to Chalcedone On the other side the Sarrazins wasted Egipt Boniface Pope 4. of that
name borne of the Countrey of Marses in the Citie of Talleric a Phisitians sonne gouerned the Romane Church the space of seuen yeares At the request of this Pope the Emperour Phocas commaunded that the old Temple of Pantheon wherin were all the Goddes and Goddesses of the Painims should be consecrated and dedicated to the honor of the virgin Mary and of al Saints And then was insttiuted the Feast of All-Saints in the Moneth of May which after was brought to the first of Nouember See how those Fathers rather chaunged then chased away superstitions Leontius Bishop of Naples in the I le of Cyprus made a booke of the life of S. Iohn the Almes giuer Bishop of Alexandria Abb. Tris. After the death of Boniface the fourth the seate was vacant 7. moneths and 25. dayes for the great discentions which were at Rome The yeare of Christ 612. Phocas was miserably slaine by the souldiers of his guard Abb. Vrsperg Others say that Heraclius and Priscus slew him cutting off his hands feete Others adde that his priuie member was cut off Finally after his head was cut off his body was burnt See the ende of this wicked Tyrant who caused so many good people to die All his brethren and parents had like ende and his race was vtterly extinct The Romane seate is worthie to haue had such a monster to authorise his primatie aboue all Churches Heraclius the sonne of Heraclien succeeded Phocas When his Father a Captaine in Affrica marched from Affricke into Egipt and Asia with a great Army the Persians being out of feare of him assailed Affricke and brought it into their subiection Corfrees King of the Persians would neuer receiue any conditions of peace vnlesse they renounced Christian Religion The Bishop Didier of Vienna was stoned at the commaund of Theodorus King of Soissons Deus of dedit or Dorothea a Romane Pope ruled three or foure yeares His Father was a Subdeacon after some He ordeined that no Christian should take in mariage his Gossip Item that the sonne of a Gossip or Suertie should not take in marriage the daughter that his Father had held at the Font And ordeined this so straitly that if the Father or Mother carried their childe to Baptisme that they should be seperated notwithstanding that the wise might receiue her dowry and that after a yeare she might marry again in any other place There happened a great Earthquake at this time in the moneth of August and after a great mortalitie The Councell of Auxerre in this time wherein it was decreed that it was a thing vnlawfull that the Estrenes should be giuen the first day of the yeare calling them diuellish ceremonies because of the obseruation of the day In the 12. Chapter there was forbidden to giue vnto dead bodies the Eucharist or the Paxe to kisse In the 21. Chapter it is not lawfull for a Priest to lye with his wife nor for Subdeacon nor Deacon In the 24. and 25. Chapter it is not lawfull for Abbots nor Monkes to goe to marriages nor to haue commothers nor to present children to Baptisme In the 31. Chap. it was forbidden to take his cousin Germaine or the issue of cousin Germaine in marriage In this time were Loup Arch-bishop of Sens Amand and Bauon in Flaunders And Priscian after Abb. Trit and Eloy Bishop of Noyon after the Sea of Histories Cosroes King of the Persians was vanquished by Heraclius And Anastatius a Persian Monke was martyred for the faith with 70. others He was hanged three houres by one hand and after be headed Abb. Vrsp Boniface Pope 5. of that name borne at Naples gouerned the Church fiue yeares This was hee who first ordeined that offenders which saued themselues in Churches should haue Immunities and priuiledges and that from thence they should not be deliuered by force but that such as committed Sacriledge in all places should be excommunicated The waine and decaie of the Romane Empire The Romane Empire began to fall For whilest Christians were at warres one with an other the Sarrasins occupied Egipt and Affrike and do yet holde them And in the space of an 120. yeares all Asia was lost from the Christians Also the best part of Europe was occupied because of the couetousnesse discention and carelesnesse of the Emperours and Popes which mused and studied vpon lesse matters namely to forge naughtie inuentions and ordinances vpon ordinances Cyrus Bishop of Alexandria seeing the Sarrasins came into Egipt and that there was no succours on the part of the Emperour Heraclius a carelesse man yeelded himselfe tributarie to the said Sarrasins at a certaine annuall summe vpon which condition they returned back He was after accused before the Emperour as he who transported the riches of Egipt to straungers Wherefore he was deposed and Manuell of Armenia ordeined in his place who would not pay the said tribute whervpon the Sarrasins came againe into Egipt and occupied it Which the Emperour vnderstanding repented himselfe and sent Cyrus in Embassage towards the Sarrasins to cause them to goe out of Egipt and they should haue their said annuall tribute But one of them answered in these words Canst thou Cyrus saide he plucke downe this piller He answered no. As impossible said he it is that we should leaue Egipt By like pride many Countries haue bene lost Many common-wealths by tributes haue bene maintained in peace Faith promised euen to enemies must be kept The encrease of the kingdome of France From the yeare of saluation 514. hitherto the kingdome of France was diuided into certaine kingdomes because the kings of France had many heires One kingdome was called Austrasia comprehended Lorraine and Brabant and that which is betweene Rhene and Mense from Culloine to the Countrie of Alsasia The other called Neutria which comprehends the Regions which are betwixt Mense and Loire and Paris was the chiefe Towne thereof The third was called the kingdome of the Soisons In this diuision of Gaul the kingdome of Arles tooke also his beginning which had vnder it Sauoy the Countrey of the Switzes Zepingen Haspurge and Dauphine but at this time those particular kingdomes returned into a Monarchie Car. Dagobert the 11. King of France possessed first Austrasia after he ioyned vnto it the kingdome of Burgoine and finally was made Lord almost of all France and the name of France was then vniuersall for all those kingdomes When Dagobert dwelt in Austrasia his Pallace was in Alsatze And he builded a Castle at Rufach called Eisenburge he also builded many Monasteries of S. Benet wherevnto he gaue great reuenewes and chiefly to that of Wittenburge within 8. leagues of Strasbourge on the side of Rhene An other at Surbourge two leagues from Wittenburge Item an other at Haselach hard by Strasburge in the West mountain He also brought the church of Strasburge to a Bishoppricke and enriched it with great reuenewes Heereby note that France was then
Bishop of Constantinople tirannized ouer the faithful by imprisonment exile and other torments Naucl. Chron. Abb. Vrsp and Fascic temp At this time were Vincent Bishop of Beanuais and Foursy the King of Ireland his sonne who came into France with two of his brethren Aubert Bishop of Cambray Gertrude others all which after their deathes were called Saints Clouis the 12. King of France raigned 17. yeares This King in a time of famine tooke all the gold and siluer wherwith his father Dagobert had adorned the Chappels of Martyrs yea and one of the Armes of S. Denis to giue to the poore to relieue them For that cause the Monkes deuised that he became a foole and out of his wittes in the ende of his dayes Chron. de Regib Fr. Martin Pope first of that name an Italian ruled at Rome sixe yeares and more At the beginning of his Popedome he sent Messengers to Constantinople to Paul the Patriarke to reduce him from his heresie but so much wanted therein his amendment that euen abusing the authority of the Emperor an heretike like himselfe hee caused the saide messengers to bee throwne out whereat the Pope Martin being mooued assembled a Councell at Rome of 150. Bishops and condemned Paul the heretike agreeing with the condemnation of Pyrrhus Cyrus Sergius and others Then the Emperour Constance sent Olimpus Exarke into Italie and commaunded him to make haste either to sley Pope Martin or to take him and bring him Againe Constance sent to Rome Theodorus Calliopa who by subtiltie tooke the Pope and hauing bound him in chaines brought him to Constantinople and from thence was hee banished and sent into a Citie of Pontus where he finished his daies after many and great miseries and the seat was vacant three moneths Supp Chron. In this time were held the Councell of Toledo 8.9 and 10. In the 10. there was an ordinance against Bishops which gaue Monasteries and benefices Ecclesiastical to their parents which was now made of no valewe In the 4. Chap. it was ordained that Nunnes should make a profession and vow of chastitie and that they should be apparelled in an other sort from others to be knowne Ierusalem was taken by the Mahometists Some as Nauclerus say that it was in the time of Agathon Pope and of the Emperour Constantine the sonne of this Constance Rhodes taken by the Sarrasins The Iles Ciclades were wasted by them and Sicile forraged Naucl. At Rome there appeared great signes fire fel from heauen and great thunder lightnings and invndations of waters whereof great pestilence followed Fasci Temp. and Nauclerus Eugenius Pope the first of that name a Romane ruled at Rome about three yeares He ordained that Bishops should haue prisons to punish crimes and faults of Clarkes That Priests houses should be scituate and builded nigh Churches Supp Chron. That none bee kept in Monasteries against their wills One named Peter succeeded Paul the heretike at Constantinople and was of the same heresie His Letters were recited at Rome and the Pope was hindered by the people from celebrating vntil he had cast them away because they denied two natures in Christ Naucler Claudus Arch-bishop of Besancon afterward Abbot of the Abbey of S. Eugenius was renowmed about this time through Burgoine Fasci temp And after his death they made that abhominable Idoll which is at S. Claud. in the Countie of Burgoine The children of Arikert King of the Lombards whilest they stroue one with an other the one was slain and the other a fugitiue first into Bauiere after into France Naucl. At the Councell of Calibone in the Prouince of Narbone held in this time Theodoric Bishop of Arles was accused to haue done somewhat against the Ecclesiasticall statutes and Canons and because he appeared not hee was suspended out of his Bishoppricke vntill the next Councell Vitalian Pope an Italian ruled at Rome 14. yeares and more It was he who first ordained singing in the Romane Church and agreed it with Organes by the consent of Rodoaldus King of the Lombards who beeing taken in adulterie with a wife of Lombardie was slaine by her husband It is not found that hitherto the Romane Church had full domination in the Towne of Rome other goodly things it pretendeth since the death of Constantine the great vnlesse it were vnder certaine too soft Emperours and yet then not much But to this Vitalian the Emperour by singular grace confirmed the priuiledges of the Church which notwithstanding he after brake and made them of no force Fasci temp and Naucler Constant the Emperor caused to be assembled a Sinode and abiured his heresie and after came to Rome with a great company with Cierges in their hands and so entred into the Temple but he shewed well it was not vpon deuotion but to see where the Treasures were to take and carrie them away Hee was there to visit it fiue dayes Afterward hee tooke away all that was delicate in his eyes He tooke away more ornaments and riches he alone in 7. dayes then the Barbarians had done in 258. yeares Naucl. and Supp Chron. He was greatly hated at Constantinople for his cruelties and for causing to die in exile Pope Martin in such miserie and for cutting the tongue and hand from Maximin Wherefore he sought againe to bring the Emperiall seate to Rome and kept his Court sixe yeares in Sicilie Abb. Vrsperg where hee did many great euills as is recited by Paulus Diaconus He was slaine in Sicilie being in the Bathes this yeare 669. and of his Empire 27. Mizizius otherwise called Mitius or Missessius was constituted Emperour and raigned about sixe moneths Constantine the fourth sonne of Constant commonly called Le Barbu the bearded came against him and caused him to die and all such as had bene of the conspiracie against his father After these things were done he raigned from the beginning with his brethren Tiberius and Heraclius Abb. Vrsp. But after according to Naucler alleadging Blundus and Pius his abbreuiator he caused their noses to be cut off least they should after come to the Empire so that his sonne Iustinian might raigne The Councell of Toledo 11. in this time Dado Bishop of Ruoan writ three bookes of the life of S. Eloy Bishop of Noyon Abb. Trit Clotaire the third of that name and the 13 king of France raigned foure yeares Note Reader touching the Kings of France which follow that from this Clotaire vntill Pipin and Charlemaine they did nothing worthy of any great memorie but became vnprofitable and full of cowardise so that they had not like authoritie as either their predecessors or successors They had as it were nothing but the bare names and titles of Kings For the Maiors or Prouostes of the Pallace which then were as it were the Constables or great Maisters had the administration of all matters of the Kingdome as well those of warre as of peace and all was
done by their commaundement and ordinance Childeric second of that name the 14. King of France raigned two yeares Hee was by treason slaine for his crueltie and his wife bigge with childe was also slaine The Annalls of France Adeonatus or Deodatus Pope borne at Rome ruled there foure yeares and more His father was a Monke called Iouian or Iouinian Hee amplified the Monasterie of Saint Erasmus in the Mount Coelius wherein he was a Monke Hee instituted against Thunders and Tempests which then happened many Supplications and Letanies Supp Chron. Donus Pope a Romane ruled at Rome three yeares After some a yeare and fiue monethes Hee caused S. Peters Court to be paued with Marble and so dedicated the Church of the Apostles and of S. Euphemia and greatly augmented the honour and dignities of the Cleargie The sixt Councell of Constantinople was called vnder this Pope began vnder Agathon and ended vnder Leon the second Here the Church of Rauenna agreed not with the Romane Church beeing not subiect vnto her but called chiefe of it selfe did willingly subiect her selfe for the integritie of this Pope and that with the consent of Reparatus then Bishop of Rauenna In the second volume of Councels But their successors afterward would haue recouered this libertie and auncient freedome againe Wherfore there was a great and long coÌtention betwixt the said Churches of Rome and Rauenna Finally the Chuch of Rauenna was made subiect by violence For Iustinian the second inducted and inuited by the Pope besieged the Towne and their goods were pilled many banished and their Bishop which then was called Felix had his eyes put out with an hotte Iron and was after sent into exile into the I le of Pontus Some say this happened in Agathons time Theodorike the fifteenth King of Fraunce raigned fourteene yeares hee was drawne out of the Monasterie of Saint Denis where hee had beene a Monke Hee founded the Abbey of S. Vaast at Arras and was buried there as shall be said Agathon Pope a Sicilian a Monke before ruled at Rome two yeares and an halfe or foure yeares after Naucler It was he that ordained that the decree of the Romane sea should be serued as proceeding from the mouth of S. Peter Dist 19. Chap. Sic omnes In this time the Romane Church encreased much and the Letters of that sea were sealed yet with waxe but after with leade The sixt generall Councell held at Constantinople was of 289. Bishops against the Monothelites which denied two wills and natures in Christ Gregorie or George Bishop of Constantinople left his heresie but Machirus Bishop of Antioche left it not Wherefore hee was cast out of his Bishoppricke The Pope Agathon sent to the Councell Iohn Bishop Portuensis and Iohn Deacon And the dissention that then was betwixt the East church and the West was appeased In this Councell Iohn Bishop Portuensis celebrated the first Masse in Latine and the vse and order thereof was allowed of the said Councell There also the Priests of Greece were permitted to liue in marriage and to haue lawfull wiues but not the Priests of the West Churches The Author of the booke called Fasciculus temp yeeldeth a reason therof saying that willingly he had already vowed chastitie vnder Gregorie But what should they doo if they had not the gift of continencie And moreouer could they vowe for others that came after them Lastly they vowed vppon constraint and authoritie of Councells as appeares aboue It was there also ordained that none should beare a child to be baptised vnlesse he knew the Lords prayer and the beliefe of the faithfull In the second volume of Councells Item not to vowe not to marrie and that Priests which seperate themselues from their wiues because of their sacred orders should bee excluded from the Communion Peter Viret in the Dialogue to them of Orbe A Briefe of the sixe generall Councells Hitherto there hath beene held sixe generall Concells The first at Nicene was of 318. Bishoppes against Arrius vnder Siluester and Constantine the great The second at Constantinople of 150. Bishops vnder Gratian and Theodosius Emperours and Damasus against Macedonius Bishop of Constantinople and Eudoxius who denied the spirit of God The third was in Ephesus of 200. Bishops vnder Celestine Sixtus and Theodosius the great against Nestorius Bishop of Constantinople who called the virgin Mary the mother of Christ man but not God The fourth in Calcedon of 360. Bishops vnder Leo the Pope and Martine the Emperour against Eutiches Abbot of Constantinople who denied two natures in Christ The fift was vnder Iustinian the Emperour and Vigilius Pope against Theodorus and other heretikes who said that the virgin Marie did onely bring forth a man and not God and man There it was ordained that iustly and truly the virgin Marie is called the mother of God The sixt Councell was at Constantinople against Gregorie or George and Machairus and Cirus Sergius Honorius Pirrhus Paulus Petus Bishops which denied two willes as it is said Abb. Trit Theodorus Arch-bishop of Rauenna was a great Almes-giuer and very desirous to keepe the Cleargie in good order for the which hee was hated In so much that on a Christmas day as he was going to celebrate Masse he was left of all whereat beeing much grieued hee went towards Agathon and willingly subiected his Church to the Romanes Nauclerus Leger Bishop of Anthun was in this time Ebroine Prince of the Pallace of France vnder Theoderic caused Legier his eyes to be plucked out the soles of his feete taken away and his tongue and lips cut off and at last cut off his head and his brother Guerin was stoned to death This Ebroine cast Lambert out of the Bishoppricke of Vtrich Ame Bishop of Sens was banished by Ebroine Chron. 519. In this time there was a great pestilence at Rome whereof Agathon died and the Sea was vacant a yeare seuen moneths and fiue dayes Leo Pope the second of that name a Sicilian raigned two yeares or thereabouts Abb. Vrsp After his death the Sea was vacant 11. monethes Supp Chron. This Pope was cunning in Greeke and Latine and made many Epistles and Homilies He ordained that after the Agnus Dei of the Masse they should giue the Paxe to kisse vnto the Assistants Supp Chron. Fasci Temp. Hee permitted to baptise at all times in case of necessitie He ordained by the authoritie of the Emperour that the election of the Bishop of Rauenna should not be good if the Romane Pope did not approoue it but that the Arch-bishop should pay nothing for his Inuesture for many mischiefes came of this largition Supp Chron. and Fasci Temp. The Councell of Toledo 12. and 13. in this time wherein such were anathematized as forbad eating of flesh P. Virel This is meant as it was ordained in the 14. Chapter of the Councell of Bracar 2. See aboue Benet Pope second of that name a
the Market place and incontinently burnt ordeining the paine of death to the gainsaiers Hee depriued Germaine Patriarke of Constantinople of his dignitie Heere beginne Popes to lift vp their hornes against Emperours and to oppose themselues against them For this Pope durst excommunicate the Emperour Leo the third in full Sinode because he desired to abolish the adoration of Images The office of Exerchate ceased then in Italie which had endured 164. yeares or thereabouts and was occupied of the Lombards Supp Chron. and Naucler Touching the Kings of France Because of the great troubles which at this time were in the kingdom of France the greatest part of the kings of France was created after the appetite of him who was maister of the Pallace The kings had but the title their pleasures to build Monasteries and Temples as they thought good This Maister of the Pallace had the Gendarmie in his power as the Gardian and Protector of the dignitie royall This endured vntill these maner of kings were extinct and that the administratioÌ Royall was deuolued into the family of Pippin le Court which is the 22. king of France the sonne of Charles Marteil Maister of the Pallace bastard sonne of Pippin le Gros Duke of Austrasia a valiant man and an excellent warriour Theodoricke Cala the 20. king of France had the title and dignitie of a king and raigned 15. yeares The Sarrasins of Spaine which they had occupied came into France being called by Erido king of Aquitane who felt himselfe too weake to resist Charles Martel These Sarrazins discended in number 400000. with their wiues children and seruants as meaning to occupie all France wasting destroying all places where they came Endo who was their hoste to inuite them thither seeing so great a multitude made an agreement and retyred on the side of France And Charles Martel met these Sarrasins in Tourrain and made an incredible slaughter of them So that their king Abdirama was there slaine and on the side of France there were no more slaine but 1500. It should be an incredible thing if besides the Historiographers of France straunge writers had not witnessed the same this so miraculous a deliuerance from so barbarous and horrible a multitude beeing so autenticke and so generally knowne The Eccleciastical people of France durst make the world beleeue with lye and all that this Charles Martel was damned because hee exacted certaine tenths of the goods of the Church to help the charges of this so daungerous a warre Can there any Ingratitude or Couetousnesse be greater then is in this Papall Priesthood Eucherius Bishop of Lion of great authoritie a little after the death of Charles Martel namely the yeare 742. saith hee sawe in a vision Charles Martel in the paines of hell because he had vsurped the goods of the Church and had not restored them as he promised Fasci temp And others recite it A lye which is for the profit of the Priests kitchin Incontinently findes his witnesses yea by horrible absurdities Iohn Damascene was in this time Eutrop. and maintained the Popes quarrels touching Images Gregorie Pope third of that name a Sirian gouerned at Rome 10. yeares and more This Pope was cause that all Italie departed from the domination of the Empire because Leon the Empeour would that in Churches there should be no Images of Saints And therefore the Pope made a Councell at Rome to be held where were assembled as many Bishops as hee could get And there it was decreed that we may lawfully honour Images And a generall sentence was pronounced against all violators and gainsaiers of their Canonike conclusioÌ and they excommunicated the Emperour and depriued him of his dignitie Emperours here may take a good example that they suffer not themselues to be led by Popes least finally they loose their Empires Gregorie restored many Monasteries and builded new adding great lands and reuenewes vnto them for the Monkes liuing He commaunded Priests to make a commemoration of the dead and to pray for them and writ to Boniface Archbishop of Magunce that Christians might offer for their Parents which died faithfully Naucler Some attribute this to Gregorie the 2. in the 2. volume of the Councells He added to the seruice of the Masse Quorum solemnitas hodie in conspectu tuae maiestatis celebratur c. Domine Deus noster in toto orbe terrarum Chron. Sigeb Some Monasteries were richly founded in Almaigne at Fulden at Herfelden and other places Fasci Temp. Rome was besieged by Luitprandus King of Lombardes wherefore Gregorie sent to Charles Martel King Pippins Father the keyes of the holy Sepulchre and S. Peters bands with other goodly gifts to the ende it would please him to deliuer and take the Romane Church from the seruitude of the Lombards Charles Martel writ to Luitprandus and intreated that which the Pope desired Naucler Before when the Citie of Rome endured any violence by other Princes she vsed to demaund helpe of the Emperour of Constantinople but Gregorie the third would not do this So that the tutorship of the Romane Church was transported from the Emperour of Constantinople to other Princes by that meane came it to passe that Rome is retired and exempted from the obedience of the Emperour of Constantinople Naucler The Masse beganne to be sung Paulus Diaconus lib. 6. chap. 17. saith that Luitprandus king of Lombards was the first of those kings which out of Singers did elect Priests and Clarkes to sing Masse which fashion afterward was augmented in the time of Gregorie the fift by the inuention of Robert Bishop of Chartres wherevpon the Song was called of the said Gregorie Gregoriall Song Note that Singing came into the Church by the Lombards which Gregorie the first of that name had renounced Hen. Bullenger Lieuen an English Priest preached in the Countrey of West-falia Fasci temp They of the Towne of Gaunt in Flaunders vse great Idolatries vnto him The Popes come now as into their chiefe force Childeric third of that name 21. King of France hauing raigned nine yeares was chased away and constrained to make himselfe a Monke So from Pharamond vnto Pippin we account 331. yeares From Merouee 302. From Clouis the first made a Christian 252. Zacharie Pope borne in Greece ruled at Rome 10. or a 11. yeares an Inuentor of Cappes and other ornaments tissued of Gold and stones He assigned certaine rents and lands to Priests to liue on and for Lampes in Churches He forbad the Venetians vnder paine of excommunication that they should no more sell Christians as slaues to the Sarrasins as they accustomed to do Pippin surnamed le Court of a Maister of the Pallace became by ambition the 22. King of France and besought the Pope that by his authoritie hee would confirme the kingdome vnto him Chilperic then King of France after hee had raigned nine yeares became a Monke by the aduice and authoritie
all madnesse that whilest they of the Cleargie be compelled to relinquish the company of their owne lawfull wiues they become afterward fornicators and adulterers with other women and wicked ministers of other sinfull filthinesse These be they which bring vnto the Church of God this Heresie as blinde guides leading the blinde that it might be fulfilled which the Psalmist speaketh of as foreseeing the errours of such men and accursing them after this manner Let their eyes be blinded that they see not and bowe downe alwaies their back For as much then ô Apostolicall Sir as no man which knoweth you is ignorant that if you through the light of your discretion had vnderstood and seene what poysoned pestilence might haue come vnto the Church through the sentence of your decrees they would neuer haue consented to the suggestions of certaine wicked persons Wherefore we counsell you by the fidelitie of our due subiection that with all diligence you would put away so great slaunder from the Church of God and through your discreet discipline you would remooue the Pharasicall doctrine from the Flocke of God So that this only Sunamite of the Lordes vsing no more adulterous husbands doo not seperate the holie people and the kingly Priesthood from her Spowse Christ Iesus through an irreconciliable diuorcement seeing that no man without chastitie not only in the virgins state but also in the state of Matrimonie shall see our Lorde Iesu who with the Father and the holy Ghost liueth and raigneth for euer Amen This Epistle sheweth vs as it were with a finger that in all times the truth of the Lord hath found a passage through the middest of the Furies of this world raising vp faithfull Ministers to oppose themselues against the horrible discipations of the aduersaries The Sarrasins came from Affricke into Italie vnto the Territorie of Beneuent before whome went the Emperour Lewis the second being ayded by his brother Lotharie who dyed in the way at Plaisans Pal. Floren. The King of Bulgaria receiued the Faith made himselfe a Monke and left the kingdome to his sonne who reiected the Faith In so much as his Father came out of the Monasterie and went against him in battaile and hauing obtained victorie put out his sonnes eyes and held him in prison giuing his kingdome to his younger sonne and after returned to his Monastery Naucler and Sigeb The body of Saint Innocent Pope was transported from Rome into Saxonie by the Duke of Saxe Chron. Sigeb Michael Emperour of Constantinople made a fellowe and companion of his Empire one called Basile a Macedonian a puissant man by whom afterward hee was slaine Nauclerus Lewis sonne of Lewis de Bonaire king of Germanie Vncle of Lewis 2. Emperour obtained a victorie against the Cleuois and caused their Dukes eies called Rastrix to be put out because he had falsified his faith Naucler After the death of Nicholas Pope the seate was emptie eight yeares seuen moneths and nine or ten daies as some say Abb. Vrsp. The Britons were vanquished of the French vnder Charles le Chauue king of France Naucler The Normains being ouercome receiued the faith Naucl. The Countrey of Holland was erected into an Earledome or Countie and Flaunders likewise whereof Baudwin was the first Count. Adrian Pope second of that name the sonne of Talarus Bishop ruled at Rome fiue yeares The Emperour hauing sent his Embassadors for the Popes election the Cleargie and Romane people attended not their comming but vsurping the authoritie of choosing proceeded to the election The Embassadors mal-contented the subtil Romanists laid the fault vpon the common people as hard to represse and appease being stirred They satisfied with this excuse saluted Adrian with the name of Pope Platina R. Barns Soone after came Letters from the Emperour signifying that the election pleased him and because strangers could not know the qualitie of him which should be elected he graunted the election to the Citizens Naucler and Cor. Abb. Adrian then ordained that no Lay-man should thrust himselfe into the election of the Pope Naucler 63. Dict. Cap. Nullus He sent three Legates to the Bulgarians who were newly conuerted namely Siluester Leopard and Dominic to ordaine the affaires of that Church after the Romane fashion but after perswaded of the Grecians they cast off the Latine Priests and receiued the Greekes which afterward engendred great hatred betwixt the Latine and Greeke Church and all the diuision of the aforesaid Churches came onely for the Primacie and for the diuersitie of Ceremonies Robert Barns and Nauclerus Edmond the last King of the East Angles was slaine by the Painims of Denmarke Anno. 871. and was Canonized a Martyr Alfredus or Aluredus the 7. English king was crowned by the Pope Adrian Polydore Lib. 5. The GreciaÌs vsed bels by the benefit of the VenetiaÌs Sabell About this time a Councel was held at Constantinople which was called the eight generall Councell Adrian sent thither his Legates Donatus Bishop of Ostia Stephen Nephesin and Marinus a Deacon of the Romane Church R. Barns Ignatius who vniustly was depriued of his Patriarchall dignitie was restored and Photin some call him Phocas was reiected and excommunicated Sabellicus in his 9. booke 1. cap. It was there ordained that they of Bulgaria should be subiect to the Romane church the Emperour Basilius contradicting it Here it was also ordained that no Lay-man should be admitted to the election of a Pope an Archbishop a Patriarke or Bishop but that the Bishop should be chosen by the Cleargie of the Chapter R. Barns Adrian excommunicated Lotharius King of Lorraine brother vnto the Emperour Lewis for his adulterie but comming to Rome as he returned from the warre against the Sarrasins as some say Nauclerus alleadgeth to excuse himselfe receiued the Communion with his Princes but they all died within the yeare And the King Lotharius himselfe died in the way in the Towne of Plaisance Fascic Temp. Chron. Vrsperg and Sigeb In Lombardie nigh Brize it raigned bloud three dayes and three nights after Nauclerus and the Chron. Sigeb And in Fraunce there was a great multitude of Graffe-hoppers with sixe winges fiue feete and two teeth which destroyed all grasse hearbes and Trees They were driuen into the English Seas by the force of exceeding great windes and againe by an other winde they were returned vpon the Sea sandes vpon the putrifaction wherof came such a pestilence that great multitudes of men dyed saith Sigeb Naucler saith that the third part of men died Iohn Scotus a learned man was called from France into to England by Alfredus King there who founded the Schoole at Oxenford where the said Scotus gouerned but after making himselfe a Monke he was slaine by the Monkes of that couent as he was teaching he was cunning in the Greeke tongue and translated into Latin the Hierarchie of S. Denis Naucler Iohn Pope 9. of that name a Romane ruled at Rome ten yeares Suppl Chron. being a
was inuented by him Hugues raigned in Italie tenne yeares whom Lotharie his sonne succeeded King Charles the Simple was by treason taken of Hubert Earle of Vermandois and poysoned in the Castle of Peronne where he died and was buried in the Church of S. Foursi See the Sea of Histories Rodolphe Bourgongne 31. King of France raigned two yeares Before this time there were not so many degrees amongst Gentlemen and Noblemen nor so great diuersitie as there are at this Dukes Marquesses Counts or Clarkes simple Counts and Knights were rather names of offices then hereditarie Seigniories For Dukes Marquesses Earles or Counts were Gouernours of Countries and Lands wherevpon they were committed by Emperours and Kings Duke was a soueraigne chiefe or head of souldiers as may be seene by auncient Letters Count or Earle was a Iudge and Goueruernour ordained in a certaine Towne or Region and so Germanie was full of Countes amongst which some were called Lantgraues that is to say Countes of Regions or Countries Some Maruegraues or Marquis that is Countes of certaine Marshes or Countries Some Countes de Palatin which were Gouernors of some Kingdome subiugated or conquered This may bee seene in the second booke of the Lawes of the Lombards Some were gouernors of Bourgages and so were named Bourgraues The most auncientest name of dignitie after Kings and Princes is the name of Baron which signifieth Lord whose sonnes were called young Lords And this say some was the estate of the Nobilitie before the Othons raigned After their time all things chaunged For then Counts were made hereditarie and were lifted vp aboue Barons Marquesses Lantgraues and Palatins and that more is Bishops haue bene made Princes yea many Counts Abbots Abbesses haue obtained the title of Prince Lewis 4. of that name surnamed Vltramarin 32. King of France the sonne of Charles le Simple after his fathers imprisonment got with his mother Ogine towards his Vncle King of England but as soone as he retutned he was in strife for the Kingdome with Rodulphe of Burgongne who died about eight yeares after at Auxerre Anno. 937. and so Lewis raigned alone Leo Pope sixt of that name ruled at Rome 7. moneths and 15. dayes The Danes at this time were conuerted to the faith Stephen Pope 7. of that name a Romane ruled at Rome 2. yeares and 12. dayes Supp Chron. The Duke of Bohemia Spireneus receiued the Christian faith at the perswasion of the Emperour Henry Suppl Chron. Iohn Pope 12. of that name a Romane ruled at Rome 4. yeares 10. moneths and 15. dayes Supp Chron. He did nothing worthy of memorie a coward and is not numbred in the Catalogue of Popes after some Historiographers Lotharie the sonne of Hugues raigned in Italie two yeares The Sarrasins in Italie tooke the towne of Geans and spoiled it Naucler Berenger third the Nephewe of Berenger the first raigned in Italie 11. yeares with his sonne Adelbert In this place Histories are very confused The Emperour Henry the first dyed of the Palsey the yeare of his age 60. and of his Empire seuenteene hauing ordained Otho the great his sonne successor of the Empire by the consent of all the great and Noble men who after was consecrated by the Arch-bishop of Magunce Hildebert Hee had three Competitors which would needs hinder him to bee Emperour that is to say Henry his elder brother Giselbert Duke of Lorraine his brother in lawe and Eberhard Earle of Franconia but he droue them all away and reduced all vnder his obedience Wencelaus Prince of Bohemia was slaine by his brother Boislans vppon ambition to raigne But Otho reuenged the death of the said Wencelaus making warre vpon Boislans which endured fourteene yeares and finally hauing vanquished him he brought the Countrey into his obedience Chron. Sigeb and Supp Chron. Leo Pope 7. of that name a Romane ruled at Rome three yeares 6. monethes and 10. dayes Supp Chron. The heresie of Anthropomorphites which say that God hath a corporall forme was at this time renued Rotherius Bishop of Verone writ against them Stephen Pope eight of that name an Almaine or a Romane after some ruled at Rome three yeares foure moneths and 12. dayes R. Barns Some say he was murthered by certaine Romanes in a sedition In so much as he was neuer publikely seene Chron. Abb. France was afflicted by an horrible pestilence and by inward contentions The faction and puissance of Hugues of Paris troubled King Lewis exceedingly Martin Pope 3. of that name a Romane ruled 3. yeares 6. moneths and 14. dayes He was peaceable and gaue himself to repaire Temples and nourish the poore saith Supp Chron. Agapetus Pope second of that name a Romane a magnanimous man ruled at Rome 9. yeares 7. moneths and 10. daies Supp Chron. He called againe the Emperour Otho to Rome against Berenger Berenger 4. the 7. Emperour of the Lombards raigned 13. yeares The Sea of Histories The Hungarians againe in Italie Chron. Abb. Vrsp Iohn Pope 13. of that name a Romane ruled 9. yeares and three monethes His father called Alberic seeing himselfe one of the greatest power at Rome caused all the noblest and principallest rulers of the Citie of Rome to promise and sweare that after the death of Pope Agapetus they should elect his sonne Octauian Which promise was kept and he was called Iohn This Pope was so excessiuely giuen to lecherie that he maintained a publike stewes for the shame wherof some Cardinals writ to the Emperour Otho that he would remedie the publike scandall and infamie which the Church then suffered and that it was needfull he should in haste come to Rome As soone as the Pope heard of this newes he caused the nose of a Cardinall a Deacon called Iohn to be cut off beeing the principall councellor herein hee commaunded also that the hand of an other Cardinall a Subdeacon called also Iohn to be cut off because hee writ the Letters When the Emperour vnderstood that for no admonition the Pope would amend he caused him to be deposed with note of infamie Otho was crowned by him after he hauing sworne that hee would exalt the Romane Church and the Pope and that in nothing hee would hurt him as more at large is contained Dist 63.100 Tibi domino Otho remained a certain time at Rome after his coronation and admonished this Pope to change and amend his wicked life whereof hee was blamed Otho departing came against Berenger his enemie Albert the sonne of Berenger who with his father retired at Otho his comming seeing Otho departed came to Rome and with the Pope complotted against the Emperour Two Cardinalls aduertised Otho of this conspiracie and of the Popes wickednesse Otho then returned to Rome and the Pope fled after he had reuenged himselfe of the two Cardinalls Otho beeing at Rome caused the Pope to be thrice called commanding him to returne and feare
of the number of such excellent persons as the Lord giueth to repaire and restore things throwne vnder feete He I say redressed the Romane Empire and pacified Europe By his succours Italie and Germanie were guarded and warranted hauing tamed the Hungarians and French Briefly during his life the Empire tooke again a brightnesse and face of maiestie He founded the siluer Mines in Misua and exercised great munificence towards many Bishoppes which held the chiefe place in the Religion which then was Many Ciuile Lawes were made by him Amongst which that of the succession of Nephues in hereditarie goods in the place of their Fathers is greatly commended After then in this sort hee had delated the Empire being made stoope with great age finally he was surprised with a suddaine maladie and dyed the yeare 973. and of his raigne thirtie seuen of his Empire thirteene and was buried at Magdeberge in Saint Martins Church which he had caused to be builded Otho 2. of that name sonne of Otho the great and of Adetheide Queene of Burgogne during the life of his Father was declared at Aix le chappelle King of the Romanes he appeased the mutinies which were in Lorraine and gaue the Duchy of Lorraine to Charles brother of Lotharie King of France and made him vassall of the Empire but the limits were cut off For one good part was adiudged on the one side to the Church of Colongne and the other to the Church of Liege Hee espowsed the sister of the Emperour of Constantinople Donus Pope second of that name a Romane ruled at Rome a yeare and fiue moneths It was said of him that he was of great modestie and integritie and that no iniurie was done him Supp Chron. Many holy bodies as of Patroclus Priauatus and Gregorie With S. Peters Staffe were transported from Rome to Colongne by Bruno Bishop of the said place and by the Bishop of Canterburie called Odo Fasci temp Aldebert of Bohemia Bishop of Prague went into Pannonia to preach the faith and baptised the King of Hungaria From thence hee came into Brusse where hee was Martyred Boniface Pope 7. of that name gouerned at Rome 7. moneths by vnlawfull meanes he entred the Popedome and by the same meanes fell out thereof The greatest of Rome conspired against him But seeing himselfe in daunger he secretly pilled the most precious treasures of the Church of S. Peter and so fled vnto Constantinople where when he had remained 8. monethes he solde and turned all into siluer and after returned vnto Rome In his absence they lifted vp one of Pauie called Iohn the 15. He ruled 8. moneths Boniface then being returned drew the Citizens vnto him and with siluer corrupted the vilest and wickedest persons of Rome This done hee tooke the Pope Iohn and hauing put out his eies made him die with hunger in the Castle of S. Angelo Againe then he occupied and vsurped the seate but incontinently after he dyed of a sudden death his corpes was drawne with a corde by his feete through the streetes and pierced with pikes by the Romanes but finally the Clarkes buried him Naucler Robert Barns Cor. Abb. Benet Pope 7. of that name gouerned 8. yeares and sixe moneths Suppl Chron. or 10. yeares and 6. monethes after Fasci temp This Pope at the Emperours desire imprisoned many seditious Romanes The Sea of Hist. Otho the 2. enterprised a war against the Greekes which held Calabria and Pouille but he sought to reduce them to the Romane Empire pretending a right by reason of a dowrie for Theophaine his wife who was the Greeke Empresse but his enterprise was vnluckie For he was taken by Pirates and brought vnto Sicilia vnknowne Afterward being ordeined by a Slauonian Marchant which knew him he gathered together the rest of his Armie and returned against the Grecians and Sarrasins and pursued them very vndiscreetly In so much that hee was strooken with an inuenomed arrow so returning vnto Rome he dyed a litle after the tenth yeare of his Empire leauing Otho the third and other his children and amongst them Frederic and Valderic Dukes of Saxonie of whom after discended the Countesse and Princes of Sauoy Otho third of that name after the death of his Father was very young when he was designed the Emperour but of such quicknesse and moderation of spirite that for his excellent gifts he was named The Maruell of the world Lotharie King of France dyed at Rheimes being impoysoned as some say by his adulterous wife leauing his sonne Lewis fift of that name King of France last of the line of Charlemaigne who raigned a yeare and litle more and dyed also of poyson and was buried at Campaigne leauing onely the memorie of his name A third sort of Kings beganne to raigne in France From Pharamond a Painim vnto Hughe Capet are accounted 587. yeares From Clouis the first Christian 487. From Pippin the Father of Charlemaigne 237. yeares Hughe Capet 35. in number and the first King of France raigned nine yeares and began the third sort of Kings which yet endureth in the kingdome of France Dante 's a Florentine Poet in his Purgatorie saith that Hughe Capets Grandfather was a Butcher Of a Counte of Paris by the fauour of souldiers he was first saluted king in the Towne of Noion Raigning then newly in France he caused a Councel of Prelates of the French Church to be assembled at Rheimes in Campaigne And because he feared the posteritie of Charlemaigne vpon which hee had vsurped the kingdome he caused in the said Councell to be deposed the Arch-bishop of Rheimes called Arnulphe or Arnoul bastard brother of the king Lotharie set in his place a Monk a Philosopher and Magician called Gilbert or Gerbert vnto this deposition consented all the Prelates of France except Sergius Arch-bishop of Sens who was sent prisoner vnto Orleans with Arnulphe but three yeares after they were deliuered See Iohn le Maire in the 2. part and others Against the said Councell Pope Benet made an other be held in the same Cittie of Rheimes wherein the said Arnulphe was restored and Sergius or Serinus and Gerbert or Gilbert was deposed who notwithstanding was after Archbishop of Rauenna at last Pope of Rome by diuellish meanes whose end was miserable Iohn le Maire Many holy bodies S. Landoul S. Adrian S. Amand of Hasban were transported into the Towne of Gaunt Chron. Sigeb The Abbey of S. Magloire at Paris was founded by y e king Iohn Pope 16. of that name ruled at Rome 4. moneths his Father was called Leo a Priest He distributed the goods of the Church to his parents friends and Allies Therefore he was hated of all the Cleargie and people and was enclosed in the Castle S. Angelo where he dyed of hunger Supp Chron. and R. Barns This custome was afterward much vsed in the Romane Church Iohn Pope 17. of that name a Romane ruled at Rome 9.
a Magitian Philosopher who had a booke none like it in the Art Magicke Gerbert sought often to steale it from him but by reason his maister kept it very carefully hee could not come by it Yet hee perswaded the Philosophers daughter with whom hee had great familiaritie to get the booke and lende it him to reade which shee did Hauing then the saide booke hee retired and fearing to be surprized with it hee vowed himselfe to the Diuell vppon condition hee would bring him to Fraunce Being returned he kept a Schoole and taught the liberall Arts with great admiration of his Auditors After he was Maister vnto Otho the the fourth of Robert sonne of Hugo Capet King of Fraunce and of Lotharie who afterward was Arch-bishop of Sens by whose helpe hee was aduaunced First to be Arch-bishop of of Rheimes as is saide and after of Rauenna and finally Pope During which time hee alwayes dissembled his Art Magicke and the communication hee had with the Diuell Of whom once desiring to knowe how long hee should liue in the Popedome the Diuell answered him that he should liue til he said Masse in Ierusalem Siluester then giuing himselfe altogether vnto his delights hoping to liue long and thinking of nothing lesse then of going to Ierusalem It came to passe that one day in Lent as he celebrated in the Church of the holy Crosse of Ierusalem he was suddenly taken with a great Feuer then did he remember y t the said place was called of y e crosse of Ierusalem so had bin seduced by the ambiguity of the answer Straight heard he great tumults of diuels in his presence being surprised with feare began to lament And although he was a very wicked man yet fel he not into dispair but seeing he must needs die called his Cardinals told vnto them all his life and the art Magicke which he had vsed to come vnto that dignitie exhorting them to liue holily and before all men coÌfessed himself miserable ordeined that his body should be hewen cut in peeces but especially such of his members wherby he had worshipped the diuel and then that they all should be put in a cart and in what place soeuer the horses which drew y e cart should stay there he should be buried And it came to passe that the horses without any coÌduction of man carried his body into the Church of Laterane where he was laid in a Sepulchre And at this day his Sepulchre is a pronosticke token of a Popes death R. Barnes Suppl Chron. and Nauler An Aduertisement From the time of Iohn the 8. which was the whore vntil the yeare after the Natiuitie of Christ Antichrist raigned at Rome a brazen faced harlot which had despised and troden vnder her feet holy mariage All the Popes which were within this time which conteineth about an 150. yeares were plunged in all voluptuousnes impudency and carnal villanies in arrogancy kissing of feete Sacriledges horrible dissentions homicides vnbrideled impudencies as may easily be perceiued by the discourse of those proceedings In this time now following after the thousand yeare the diuel is wholy vnchained And rightly may this time be called The kingdome of the great Dragons Siluester the second by his Necromancies began to vnloose Sathan hauing couenanted with him to haue the Popedome Benet the 9. did homage to the diuel in woods mountaines In Hildebrand or Gregory the 7. and other Popes thou shalt see what Arts they vsed Otho the 3. the 18. yeare of his Empire was poysoned by a Romane woman which had bin the wife of Crescentius at the houre of his departing from Rome by the gift of a paire of persumed gloues being poysoned And this was in reuenge of her husbands death as saith Crantius Henry second of that name Duke of Banier and Counte of Bamberge surnamed the Lame obteined the Empire by election and raigned 22. yeares Iohn Pope 19. of that name surnamed le Sec as Iohn Blundus by Nation an Italian succeeded Siluester the Magician euen in the same art and studies which he practised Berno saith that there were great coÌtentions amongst the Necromancians such as were fauourers of Siluester this Iohn but in the end he carried all away Some say he was poysoned after he had gouerned 5. months This Pope gaue himself altogether to idlenes pleasure as witnesseth Crantius Hydromany was his studie He commanded the Feast of the Commemoration of the dead newly inuented and instituted in the Abbey of Clugny by Odillo as is said which was in the moneth of March to be remitted vntill the second day of Nouember and then obserued also through all Churches R. Barns and Supp Chron. The name of a Cardinall appointed as a dignitie The Historiographers say that at this time the name and appellation of a Cardinall beganne to be in great account as we see at this day Baconthorpius Ro. Barns and Carion Iohn Pope 20. borne at Rome called Fasanus was suspected to haue made away his predecessor These Popes from Siluester vntill Hildebrand gaue themselues to nothing but diabolicall arts This man after he had gouerned foure yeares fiue moneths dyed Naucl. not without some suspition of poyson In this time there was an horrible pestilence yea almost through the whole world Sigeb Fulbert Bishop of Chartres wrote these Respondes to the praise of the Virgin Marie Stirps Iesse c. Et Chorus nouae Hierusalem c. and other prayers Herman a Monke of S. Gall wrote that Salue Regina Alma redemptoris mater Trit Abb. Sergius Pope the fourth of that name a Romane gouerned the Sea two yeares and sixe moneths Suppl Chron. Burchardus first a Monke of Lob the Disciple of Albert aboue mentioned was Bishop of Wormes He compiled the auncient Canons which afterward were abridged by Gratian yea rather corrupted which is easie to iudge in comparing them together Rhenanus in his Annota vpon Tertullian Ierusalem was taken and the Lords Sepulchre destroyed by the Sarrasins and Mahumetists Nancl. and Suppl Chron. Benet Pope 8. of that name a Tusculan gouerned the Romane Church 12. yeares or thereabouts He crowned the Emperour Henry at his comming to Rome and saluted him Augustus Henry the second builded at Bamberge the Church of Saint George and prayed Benet it might be a Cathedrall Church which the Pope agreed vnto vppon condition that the saide Church should paye to the Pope euery yeare an hundreth markes of siluer and a white horse with all his furniture Platina and R. Barnes Conrade 2. of that name obteined the Empire and raigned 15. yeares Naucler He was the sonne of Herman Duke of Franconians and was called Salicus because he came of the Sicambians from whom came the Salicke lawe And the French themselues were called Salickes which vsed that lawe whereof we haue made mention in Pharamond After the death of Henry the 2. Benet was deiected froÌ his dignitie
the order the yeare of Christ 1084. Chron. Sigeb and Emil. lib. 5. and Plati The yeare of Christ 1089. in the time of Gregorie the seuenth and of the Emperour Henry the fourth The Abbey of S. Sauiour of Andim of the order of S Benet in the country of Hainault in a litle Iland called in Latin commonly Aquacinctum or Aquis cinctum was beganne by two noble persons Sicherus and Gualterus which went vnto Ancelme of Ribemont a noble man and demaunded the saide I le beeing part of his patrimony where the Abbey was builded Sigeb Victor 3. of that name borne in Italie called before Didier Abbot of Montcassin and Cardinall of the Court of Rome was made Pope not by election of Cardinalls or of the Romane people but was there inthronized by that harlot Matilde and the Normaines of that faction and gouerned a yeare and foure moneths After he had receiued the Papall dignitie as Gregorie his successour he beganne lustily to maintaine his part against the Emperour and the Pope Clement and hee which was a Monke to defend his predecessor Monke according as he had bene informed by the said Matilde the louer of Gregorie But death kept him from shewing by effect yea with some great publike calamitie that poyson which hee had hidde in his heart and the inraged hatred which hee had conceiued against them For the yeare of the Lorde 1088. hee finished his life with his Papacie and that sooner then he looked for Some Authors as Herman Contract Carsulan Peter de Premonstre and many others recite that he died of poison which was put in the Challice by his Subdeacon as he sung Masse Yet Vincent is of an other opinion as Platina rehearseth it when he saith that he dyed of a Fluxe of the bodie and that is not farre from a suspition of an impoysonment For they which take poyson doo sometimes fall into a Fluxe of the belly because the guts and inward parts are wasted corrupted Some Historiographers slaues of the Romane seate haue maliciously said that this was procured him by the Emperour Henry others by the Pope Clement although this wicked act was done by no other but by his Chaplaine doing his office of Subdeacon Some haue left by writing that in this time many prodigious straunge things against nature appeared For domesticall birds as hennes geese pigeons and peacocks fled into the mountains became wild that the greatest part of fishes as well of Riuers as of the Sea died Philip King of France forsooke his wife Berthe the daughter of Baudwin Counte of Holland of whom he had a sonne and a daughter Chronicles of the Kings of France The Relickes of S. Nicholas were transported from the citie of Mirrhe into the Towne of Bar. Whereof came that famous Idoll which giueth the name of Saint Nicholas in Lorraine Chaunges of many Dukes in the Country of Almaigne Who can here expresse how many euils calamities that Intestine and ciuil warre of Almaigne hath caused being stirred by the Pope not onely amongst the greatest Princes which were slaine therin but also in change of siegnories The Emperour Henry after that his enemy Rodolphe was dead about foure yeares after hee had bene placed in his Imperiall seate gaue the Duchie of Sorabie to Fredericke de Stanfeu his sonne in lawe The race of Franconian Dukes in a small time perished altogether Egbert Marquesse of Misue vnto whom the Bishops had giuen hope to haue the Empire after the death of Rodolphe was also slaine in the battell of the Saxons which the Emperour Henry gained Also Gebbard Father of Lotharie who after was Emperour dyed in the warres Briefly the forces of Almaigne were wholy debilitated and chaunged in this vnluckie warre of the Popes Vrbane 2. of that name borne of Tuscane called before Otho a Monke of Clugny and vnder Hildebrand Cardinall of Oftie was inthronized in the Papacie against the wil of the Emperour by such as had inthronized Victor namely by that harlot Matilde and the Norans then Lordes of Pouille and ruled 12. yeares 4. moneths and 19. dayes This is the Disciple and houshold seruant of Hildebrand whom Benno calleth in despight Turban a schismaticke an hereticke and companion of Liberius the Arrian which Gregorie the seuenth canonized as hath bene said Who saith hee for feare that the poyson of their errours might not be knowne after the manner of Sorcerers mingled hony therewith For subtilly and vnder an intent to deceiue hee added holy scriptures to his lyes and perseuering in his errours with his Hildebrand he was sent into hell with the Apostate Angels Vrbain say some Authours of our time perturber of the world or rather whirle-winde of the tempests of Townes the familiar of Hildebrand watered maintained and caused to grow the pernicious seeds which his predecessors had before dispearsed here and there He excommunicated Guibert Arch-bishop of Rauenna which was named Clement the third because hee had bene chosen by the Emperour At this time all things were in great trouble as well in Almaigne as in other Nations by the disputations then happening betwixt the Cleargy and the people but because Vrbane would not absolue any which had beene excommunicated by Hildebrand fearing to fall in daunger of his life went secretly out of the Towne and after this celebrated many Sinodes The first at Melphe the second at Troy in Pouillie the third at Plaisance the fourth at Cleremont the yeare of the Lord 1094. and the fift at Tours in which he confirmed the acts of the monster Hildebrand and made new Ecclesiasticall ordinances to the ende the Papall authoritie might in nothing be diminished in that which had bene acquired by violence and deceit He ordeined that a Clarke might not receiue Inuesture of a benefice of a secular Prince whatsoeuer hee be Hee writ to Matilde an auncient friend and louer of the Romane Church and armed all her sinagogue against them of the Emperours side whom he calleth heretickes He gaue also to the Arch-bishop of Millaine the Pall Archiopischopall and so confirmed the orders and Sects of Chartreux and of the Monkes of Cisteaux Such as had wiues after they were promoted vnto the order of Deacons he depriued theÌ of their offices taking also froÌ Priests their sons their estates and administrations He made the Arch-bishop of Toledo who had made an oath vnto him Primate of all Spaine to the end by that meane the beast of Rome might make subiect all Spaine vnto him He stirred Christian Princes to take armes against the Sarasins vnder colour to recouer the Towne of Hierusalem And for that purpose hee marked with the signe of the Crosse three hundreth thousand men and in the meane while he guided all things for his own profit For the yeare of Christ 1095. because hee would not finde meanes to doo his businesses as he would for many tumults and seditions raised against him he tooke occasion to depart from Rome and come into
France He commanded to assemble an vniuersal Councel of all the church in the Citie of Cleremont in Anuegue and made an Oration of great efficacie For straight there crossed themselues to the combat at least three hundreth thousand men all readie to goe vnto Ierusalem of the number of which there were many valiant Princes who to make mony solde their owne landes and signeories as Hughe the great the King of Fraunce his brother Robert brother of the Duke of Normandie Robert or Rambert Count of Flaunders Raimond Count of S. Giles Stephen Count of Blois Brunamon or Bayamond Prince of Pouille and Godphrey de Bullon who was the chiefe with his two brethren Eustace and Baudwin Also Ansele of Ribemont and many others He excommunicated the King of Galatia because he had put a Bishop in prison and exacted this oath of such as he would promote to orders So God helpe me and these holy Euangelists of God Hee made also certaine their statutes namely Clarkes should euery day say the houres of the Virgine Mary a verie Idolatrous thing and vnto her to dedicate the Saterday with a Masse He ordeined that no person should come into Popish orders vnles he were a virgin that is to say vnmarried whoremonger or buggerer as their acts shewed As for Priests they must needs be without wiues althogh they passed not for whordomes He forbad that Bishops should be ordeined without titles that faith shuld be kept vnto such as Popes had excommunicated He held himselfe close for the space of two yeares in the house of one Peter Leon for the feare he had of one Iohn Paien a Romane Citizen where also he died the yeare of the Lord 1099. and his body was buried secretly beyond Tiber for feare of enemies The same yeare died also Guibert which was called Clement the 3. after he had seene three Popes dead in his time Theodorus Bibliander writeth in this sort of that Hildebrand aforesaid and this Vrbane speaking to the Princes of al estates Hildebrand saith he in inciting the Emperour of Greece against the Turks sowed the seed of the war of Gog and Magog against which crieth the bloud of the Church shead with a miserable ruine and losse by the sword of his tongue O how much blood hath beene shead at the sollicitation of Vrbane the second to the end that vnder the colour of making warre to amplifie the Christian religion and recouer the sepulchre of the Lord he might be put againe in the Romane seate after hauing oppressed such as were of the faction of Guibert Fredericke Barbarossa did so the yeare of the Lord 1188. Frederic 1228. The King of France Lewis 9. who was a Saint after his death did as much the yeare 1288. Sigismond did it twise Anno. 1409. Vladislaus King of Hungarie Anno. 1420. who dyed nigh Varne And at this day what shall we iudge of such as bring the Turke into Christendome to auenge their particular iniuries This Pope Vrbane by excommunications constrained Philip King of France to take againe Berthe his first wife which he caused to be detained prisoner in the Castle of Monstrell vpon the sea and to leaue his second Bertrande who was wife of the Count de Angiou Nice in Bithinie is taken and after the Towne of Ierusalem by the Christians whereof Godfrey of Bulloine was constituted King Naucler Antioche was taken by Boemondus a Norman sonne of Robert Duke of Pouille Supp Chron. The reward that those noble Combatants and fighters for Christendome got was the carrying away of Relickes The Speare which pearced the side of Iesus Christ was found in the said Towne in the Church of Saint Andrewe Supp Chron. Robert Count of Flaunders brought away the Arme of Saint George which he sent into the Abbey of Anchin Sigeb Godfrey was the first King of Ierusalem Baudwin his brother is called the second Naucler Paschall second of that name borne of Italie called before Rainer a Monke and lately created Cardinall of the title of S. Clement by Hildebrand his maister succeeded Vrbane the second in the Papacie When this proud Squire knew hee was chosen he would not mount into the Papall seate vntill first the people had cryed thrice Saint Peter hath chosen Rainer After this beeing apparrelled in a Scarlet Roabe and a Theatre or Crowne vppon his head mounted vpon a white steed hee was ledde to the place of Laterane where the Papall Scepter was giuen him and he was girt with a Baudrier or large Girdle at which hung seuen kayes and as many seales as Ensignes or tokens of the Papall power so much did this great Antichrist and aduersary of God magnifie himselfe by which things signified that according to the graces of the holy Ghost which they distinguished into seuen he had the power to open and shut Churches By this meanes this harlot mounted on horsbacke being come vnto a perfect age in such sort encreased that she got vpoÌ the Beast with ten hornes which she had gouerned vntil our time in great pride arrogancie as had bin foretold Apo. 13.17 This soueraigne Vicar of Sathan on earth imployed all his time in warres and seditions whilest Godfrey de Bulloine and other Christian Princes fought against the Sarrasins in Siria And to the end he might not be esteemed lesse theÌ Hildebrand he sought all the meanes that might serue to the greatnes of his Romane seate Hee furiously deposed from their dignities all the Bishops and Abbots which had bene ordeined by the Emperour He sent into exile one Albert Theodoricke and Maginulphe who aspired vnto the Papacie He assembled at Rome a Councell of the Bishops of Italie and France Anno. 1101. because of an opinion of a Bishop of Fluence touching Antichrist alreadie borne as Sabellicus rehearseth For seeing so many mischiefes committed in the Church he said Antichrist was alreadie manifested but he was repressed by many iniuries done vnto him He againe prohibited Ministers to marry as all his Prelate predecessors had done and called that marriage the heresie of the Nicholaits He pronounced that they were great heresies to make no account of yeelding obedience to the Roman church and to despise censures and also to receiue Inuesture of Benefices at the hand of a prophane man He renewed the statute of paying tenths to Priests that said Masse and would needes it should be a sinne against the holy Ghost to sell tenths In this Sinode he renewed the excommunication of Gregorie the seuenth and of Vrbane the second against the Emperour Henry the fourth and published it againe And which is more the rage of this cruell tyrant was so inflamed against him that he stirred the sonne of the said Emperour called Henry the fift to take armes against his Father an horrible thing to speak There was neuer inhumanitie nor cruell act if this were not The Sonne yea that onely Sonne not angred or stirred vp by any publike or particular iniurie despised not onely his Parent
neither only abandoned and destituted him of his succours and helpe but vnder colour of the Church and the publike good assaulted him by armes besieged him by circumvention tooke him traiterously despoyled him of his Imperiall dignitie and made him die a poore miserable man in great captiuitie and heauinesse And all this he did saith Rodolphe Galterus not by the commaundement of any barbarous tyrant not at the instigation of some Phalaris but by the Councell of the holy Father of Rome Reioyce saith he you Caligula Nero and you all which haue bene renowned for crueltie for you haue now found one that shall take away the memorie of your name so cruell because he goes much before you that is to say the Pope of Rome who commaunds the sonne to drawe his sword against the Father Henry then the fourth was dispoyled of his Imperiall dignitie and finally his sonne Henry the fift by treason tooke him prisoner the fiftie yeare of his Empire as hee went vnto an assembly held at Magunce he died after he had bene miserably handled in the Citie of Liege Anno. 1108. after the Chron. of Euseb or 1116. after others But the enmitie of this Papall Monster was not yet appeased by this death for in an inraged manner hee did exercise his crueltie against him after his death commaunding by Letters that his body shuld be vnburied cast out of the church and transported from Liege to Spire and to be depriued by the space of fiue yeares of Sepulchre Behold how this proud Antichrist obeyeth Magistrates ordeined of God! But see what God did in the meane time At Spire blood ranne out of Loaues of bread as Vrspergensis faith in his Cronographie The yeare of the Lorde 1106. hee made an assembly of many Princes and Bishops at Guardascall in Lombardie with whom he handled matters appertaining to the Faith that is to say coÌcerning the Popes kitchin as of homages of fealties of oaths that Bishops had before made vnto Laie persons He despoiled also the Arch-bishop of Rauenna of his lands applying them vnto his owne profit And this Pope not content with such crueltie caused the body of Guibert Archbishop of the said place of Rauenna to be taken vp who had bin chosen Pope by the Emperour Henry the 4. in the time of Gregore 7. sixe yeares after he was laide in the Sepulchre Now as for Henry the 4. he was an excellent Emperor meete for an Empire of a noble race and an incomparable spirit O that other Princes had possessed such hearts and had not attributed so much vnto that Romane harlot He was affable and benigne towards all liberall to wards the poore It is said that during his life hee fought with Ensigne displaied threescore and two times After many Histories Henry the fift of that name sonne of Henry the fourth and of Berthe Marquesse of Italie was chosen at Magunce by the Gouernours and chiefe of the Empire and raigned twentie yeares Chron. Palm Lewis le Gros otherwise called the good Lewis 39. King of Fraunce raigned 28. yeares and was crowned at Orleance and annointed by the Archbishop of Sens. It is said of him that he often disguised himselfe in the habit of a poore man or of a woman or seruant the better to knowe the truth of some secret matters of his kingdome He was founder of the Abbey of S. Victor in Paris The yeare of Christ one thousand one hundreth and eleuen Henry the fift went to Rome to appease seditions stirred since Gregorie the seuenth and continued in Victor Vrbane and Paschal the second The Emperour and other Princes would vse the authoritie right priuiledges of auncient Emperours For Charlemaigne and others which had obteined the Empire since three hundreth yeares and more vnder threescore and three Popes bestowed Bishopprickes Abbaies and other Benefices Against this authoritie and custome the Pope following by Sinodall decrees mainteined that Ecclesiasticall Benefices ought not to be giuen by Laie-persons and excommunicated as Simoniackes as well such as receiued them as them that gaue them This Emperour then being at Rome after he had kissed the feete of the holy Father prayed him to confirme and to like of such as had ordeined Bishops But as he refused to confirme them he was taken by the Emperour and imprisoned and came not out vntill hee had confirmed them all and yeelded him the right of Inuesture giuen vnto Charlemaigne and therevpon making Letters and Seales and also confirmed the said Emperour Yet after the Pope had said Masse was in his Chaire saith Masseus behold the souldiers came suddenly in crying Yeeld vnto Caesar that which is Caesars and assailed as well him as all the Cleargie carrying them all out from thence and spoyled them without leauing them any thing then put they them in prison in the Mountaine of Soracte Finally after debates and discentions were appeased and the Emperour Henry crowned Paschal renewed the priuiledge of Inuesture of Bishops and pronounced before all the assembly that whosoeuer made of no force the saide priuiledge was excommunicated There was also sung Gloria in exelsis because the peace was made betwixt the Emperour and the Pope But so soone as the Emperour was returned into Almaigne this periured Traitor reuoked all hee had promised with solemne oathes affirming that he accorded with the Emperour not of his good wil but by force and constraint After this hee condemned that priuiledge and excommunicated the Emperour and stirred maruellous Tragedies which incontinently were published throughout all the wide world Hee assembled a Councell at Troyes in Champaigne in Fraunce wherein againe hee forbadde marriage vnto the Priestes of Fraunce as Hildebrand had before forbidden the Priests of Almaigne euen to the chasing of some Prelates out of their Seates because they were marryed Desiring to encrease the Papall authoritie hee renewed the quarrell of giuing Bishopprickes which had caused great calamities throughout the Regions of Europe Ancelme an Arch-bishop of Englande and a Monke augmented the Impudencies of this Pope by such Sophisticke perswasions as he had before done them of Vrbaine For he was their Councellor at Rome and their Vicar in England This Ancelme tirannously depriued Henry the first of that name King of England of the right that Kings haue to prouide officers vsed by the Kings of Israel Dauid Salomon Iosaphat Ezechias Iosias others likewise against the saying of Iesus Christ The Kings of Nations haue rule ouer them c. But so it is not with you He also perpetually condemned the lawfull marriage of Priests in England as hath bene said against the holy lawes as well of the olde as of the new Testament and the manifest examples of the Primitiue Church to the and by the suggestion of Sathan the Cleargie might serue there in all Sodomie to the Dragon called the diuell and to Antichrist his Vicar Bertol Duke of Zeringuen and of Souabe founded the Citie of
depriued both of his wife and of his Principalitie and dyed without children Naucler and Corno Abb. Calixtus prepared an Armie against Roger but the Popes death came betwixt and Innocent the second pursued the enterprise One called Iohn a Patriarke of the Indians came vnto Rome and rehearsed to the Pope and Cardinalls in a Councell that by a myracle S. Thomas the Apostle came euery yeare to giue the Eucharist vnto the good and refused the wicked Naucler Miracles and apparitions are on all sides forged The Emperour Henry the fift bearing a long time an hatred vnto the King of France assembled a great Armie to runne vpon him taking occasion that hee was at the Councell which the Pope Calixt held at Rheimes wherein he was excommunicated and vaunted that he would destroy the Citie of Rheims where the said Councell was held but when he perceiued the Kings power which met him with the precious standard called the Auriflame he desisted from his enterprise and returned into his Country Iohn le Maire Pomerania receiued the Christian Faith Nancler Honorius Pope second of that name borne at Imola in Italie a man of base condition yet learned gouerned the Romane Church 5. yeares 2. moneths Before he was called Lambert Bishop of Ostia and was promoted rather by the ambition of some then by the consent of the good Supp Chron. He inuested Roger of the Duchy of Pouille after the said Roger had done vnto him homage who also was King of Sicilie The same Robert author of the order of Premonstre went to Rome vnto the Pope obteined what he desired coÌcerning y e order Nauc Arnulphe Arch-bishop of Lion had at this time a singular grace in preaching who after he had preached in Fraunce and Italie came vnto Rome But because in his Sermons he rebuked too sharply the vices the delights and pompes of Church-men he was slaine Honorius feined to be grieued therat yet he made no search for the murderers Plat. and Sabel Bonifa Simo. say that hee did this in fauour both of the Nobilitie and of the common people The yeare of Christ 1125. Henry the 5. died in the Citie of Vtreict without heire male Lothaire in the Almaine tongue Luder the sonne of Count Gebhard who was slaine in the warre by Henry the fourth as hath bene said being created Duke of Saxonie was chosen Emperour a man of great industry and prudence and persecuted the race of the Emperour Henry whereof arose many troubles For Frederic and Conrade Dukes of Souanbie were a long time Rebels vnto him Finally S. Barnard Abbot of Cleruax reconciled these two brethren with Lothaire Hugo a Saxon by Nation and surnamed of Victor a Theologian of Paris was at this time in Paris Amongst his writings are found many complaints against the disordinate life of Clarkes in this time It is he whom some say that at Masse as he lifted vp the body of our Lord there appeared a litle childe which said vnto him Eate me And he abhorring it said hee could not eate him vnlesse he hid himselfe againe vnder the bread and straight it came so to passe and he eate him Who sees not that this is a fable inuented to proue the new doctrine of Pascasius and Lanfrancus And yet this is against their doctrine and especially against that of Thomas Aquine in the third part question 76. Charles Count of Flaunders Nephew of Lewis King of France was traiterously murthered as hee was on his knees in the Church of S. Donatus in Brugis in Flaunders The murtherers were certaine villaines of the Countrey which were grieuously punished in sundry maners Sigeb Baudwin the second who was the third King of Ierusalem died in a Monkes habit whom Fulco succeeded Naucl. Chron. Sigeb Innocent Pope 2. of that name a Roman gouerned 14. yeares After his coronation he attempted mortall warre against Roger the Norman Who first named himselfe King of Naples but in the end Innocent was ouerthrowne in battaile and ledde away prisoner Whilest he was in prison the Romanes elected Peter Leon the sonne of a puissant Romane Citizen But Innocent after he had agreed with the said Roger was constrained to goe into France for succour towards King Lewis le Gros of whom hee was honourably receiued Being come into France he held two Councells one at Auerne and an other at Rhemes in Campaigne From France he retired towards the Countrey of Liege where he found the Emperour Lothaire who also promised all the assistance he could by meanes of which hee returned into Italie Anacletus the Antepope stole away all the treasures and Reliques of the Church to wage them which were of his band he died with griefe and his Cardinals craued pardon In the Councell held at Rheimes Subdeacons were commaunded to liue without marriage vnder paine to loose theyr Benefices There became a contention betwixt the Pope the king of France because that after the death of Alberic Archbishop of Bourges the Pope sent one called Peter by him consecrated Archbishop of the said place to reside and rule there but the King reiected him neither was be receiued into the Towne because he was created without his knowledge Sigeb Innocent agreed set a peace betwixt the towne of Pise and the towne of Genues and raised them vp vnto Archbishops A Sinode at Rome at this time ordained that no Lay-man should presume to lay hand vpon a Clarke vnder paine of excommunication from which none could absolue him but the Pope vnlesse he were at the poynt of death for then his Bishop might absolue him 17. Quest 4. Chap. Si quis suadente diabolo In this time was Richardus de sancto victore and Hugo a Monke of Corbie in Saxonie who wrote the booke de clanstro animae Peter de Balard an hereticke of this time said that the passion of our Lord Iesus Christ was onely giuen vs for an example of patience of vertue and of loue he shewed vnto vs. Wherefore he was condemned with all his writings by the Pope Innocent S. Barnard writ against him Writers say that one called Iohn of Time if it be a thing worthy the credite liued 361. yeares that is to say from the time of Charlemaigne whose Councellor he was and died in this time Naucler and Suppl Chron. The Emperour Lothaire went to Rome to restore Innocnt according to his promise The faction of the Guelphes for the Pope and of the Gibellins for the Emperour began in this time Naucler Lothaire returning from Italie the second time after hee had deiected Roger of Pouille and Calabria died of the pestilence nigh Trent amongst the Mountaines in a poore lodging saith Naucler But Palin saith that he died at Verona the 13. yeare of his Kingdome and the 7. of his Empire leauing one daughter called Gertrude Conrade 3. of that name Duke of Souabe sonne of Frederike of Haulte Staufen and of Agnes daughter of Henry the fourth obtained the Empire
Rome 18. yeares This Pope a very daungerous pestilence added vnto the Articles of the Faith Transubstantiation as a 13. Article See the Decretalls Tit. 1. De summa Trin. side Catholica ca. Firmiter credimus This Decretall was made the yeare of Christ 1215. promulged in the Councell of Lateran Where were the Patriarkes of Constantinople Ierusalem 70. Archbishops 400. Bishops 12. Abbots 800. conuentuall Priors and many Embassadors of kings princes to stop the Sarasins For there was a Croisado published therfore was there demanded the 4. peny of all rents He commaunded that the Canon of the Masse should be receiued as if it came from and were ordeined of the Apostles See the Decretals Dit 46. De celebratione MissaruÌ ca. 6. cuÌ He commanded confession in the Priests eare that is that he which came to be capable of deceit should confesse himselfe at the least once in the yeare to his owne Pastor See the Decretals Tit. 38. chap. Omnis vtriusque sexus In the said Councell of Lateran it was ordeined that the Canonization of Saints might not be done but by the Pope There also was condemned the booke of Ioachim Abbat against Peter Lombard Now was the error of Almaric Bishop of Chartres of whom we shall hereafter speake and of the Albigeois against which Innocent made preach the Croisado There was also ordeined that if Princes had offended one an other the correctioÌ therof shuld appertain vnto y e Pope Nauc The yeare of Christ 1199. the Emperour Henry dyed at Palerme Being sore heated in the pursuit of an Hart he drunke so much of a Fountaine that he rankeled his bodie Philip brother of the said Emperour Henry Duke of Souabe obtained the Empire and raigned 8. yeares He was crowned at Magunce Innocent hated Philip and was against his election The Bishop of Colongne and other Princes as well seculars as of the Cleargie seeing themselues despised that they had not bene called to the electioÌ of the said Philip vpon an assembly at Aix they chose for Emperour Otho the sonne of Henry surnamed Lyon Duke of Saxonie and Bauiere and was crowned by the Archbishop of Boulongne so was there a diuision in the Empire whereof great mischiefes came in Almaine by Rapines pillings fires warres Robberies Benefices Ecclesiasticall became litigious and much siluer did runne to Rome Naucler and Vrsperg Otho then 4. of that name Duke of Bauiere and Saxonie a man proud and hardie raigned three yeares being a fauourite of Pope Innocent who had said that he would either take away Phillips Crowne or he should take away his Vrsperg There happened then great discord in Almaine by the Popes treason who procured Phillips death Otho of Wittilispach Count Pallatin entered into the Emperor Phillips chamber at Bamberge and slew him traiterously with a dagger the ninth yeare of his raigne His Esquire seeing this being greatly troubled began to crie and being wounded in the cheeke fell downe The traytor fled to the Bishop of Bamberge a companion of the conspiration in the Popes fauour who notwithstanding was afterward slaine by the Emperours Marshall nigh Ratisbone being hid in a poore cottage See Naucler After the death of the said Phillip the Pope sent vnto Otho to come to Rome to be crowned and so he was the yeare 1209. Adolphe Bishop of Colongne who sometimes was on Phillips side was deposed by the Pope and died in exile Naucler and likewise the Bishop of Sutry before the said Phillip was Emperor because he had absolued him froÌ an excommunication The yeare of Christ 1210. Otho whom the Pope so much loued in despite of Phillip the Emperour is now become the Popes mortall enemie yea euen to be excommunicated and in full Councell declared to be deposed from his Empire with commaundement from the said Innocent that none should hold him for Emperor nor obey him acquitting his subiects of the oath they ought him Naucler This done he sent Letters to the Archbishop of Magunce that he should declare the said Otho through all his Cities to be excommunicated and deposed froÌ his Empire in full Councell held at Rome which he did Wherevpon the Princes of Almaine inuaded his Bishoppricke and put all to fire The cause wherefore the Pope published the said excommunication was because Otho occupied Romandiole the patrimonie of the Romane Church Otho then fearing a new chaunge left Italie and returned into Almaine which hee found all troubled for the said excommunication The Abbey of S. Antoigne by Paris a religion of women was founded about this time The Sea of Hist. The king Phillip gaue to the Church of S. Denis diuers precious reliques which the Emperour Baudwin had sent him froÌ Constantinople that is to say the true Crosse of a foote long also the haires which Iesus Christ had in his Infancie one of the thornes of the Crowne one side and foure teeth of S. Phillip the cloathes wherein Iesus Christ was wrapped in the maunger and the purple garment which he had on at his passion See the Sea of Hist. Such as were great in this world submitted their greatnesse vnto those toyes and trifles more then childish The yeare of Christ 1212. Otho hauing assembled the Princes at Noremberg shewed the Popes subtil deuââs against him and that vniustly he persecuted him From thence hee led his Armie into Turinge against his enemies which tooke the Popes part After he came into Saxonie where his marriage was celebrated with the daughter of king Phillip who died foure daies after Iohn King of England King Richard his brother made his kingdome subiect to the Romane Pope For a signe whereof he promised to pay yearely fiue markes of gold Suppl Chron. or 1000. markes of sliuer See the Annales of France After Otho had bene Emperour 4. yeares Frederic 2. of that name sonne of Henry 6. king of both Sicilies and of Ierusalem succeeded and after his election made in Almaine hee was annointed and crowned at Aix and Otho depriued of his Empire died the yeare following of a fluxe of bloud Naucler and the said Frederic raigned 44. yeares or 33. after Suppl Chron. Innocent edified the Hospitall of the holy Ghost and gaue vnto it great reuenewes He repaired the Church of S. Sixtus He gaue vnto all the Churches of Rome the waight of a pound of siluer to make their Challices on vpon condition that none should sell or alien them The foure Sects of begging Friars S. Francis an Italian of a Towne called Assisium was in this time S. Dominike a Spaniard of Caliroga in the Diocesse of Lexonia in this time also The said Dominike went to Rome and prayed the Pope Innocent in the said Councell of Lateran to confirme his order of Iacobins but hee would not consent therevnto Albert Patriarke of Ierusalem made the rule of Carmes the first Author of the said order in Siria The Pope approued the order of the
Hermits of S. Augustin The Emperour vsed all diligence to get fauour of the Pope thinking to liue at rest yet was he excommunicated because he had not accomplished the vow he made to goe vnto Ierusalem then had he great troubles all ouer But the Emperor hasted his voyage beyond the Seas to mittigate the Popes furie but whilest he was absent the Pope got Pouille vnder his power The Emperour Frederic vnderstanding this fraud of that subtil Foxe returned with a great Armie into Pouille droue the Popes people away and recouered that which was taken from him Then the Pope againe excommunicated the Emperor because hee had allied himselfe with the Souldane and writ Letters vnto the Souldane by which hee prayed him that he would not yeeld the holy Land vnto the Emperor as he vnderstood by a certaine vncertaine bruite that he would do Also he sent and commaunded the Princes of Almaine that they should elect none of the children of Frederic for King nor any of his house The Historiographers of France make heere mention of one called Almaricus of Chartres a learned man but an heretike who approued say they all whoredomes vnder the vaile of charitie Many of them both men and women as well Ecclesiastical as Lay-people were taken found guiltie and condemned at Paris and burnt without S. Vistors gate They say further that Almaric maintained that euery one was bound to beleeue that he is a member of Iesus Christ and that when Iesus Christ suffered death and passion we suffered with him The said Almaric after his death was condemned and excommunicated at a Councell at Rome and his bones cast out of the Church-yard and after burnt to ashes Nauclerus also reciteth that there was in his time in the Countrey of Alsatee many heretickes which maintained it to be lawfull to eate flesh in Lent and vpon Fridayes And that they themselues said that it was no sinne to haue the company of women but a naturall thing There was at Strasbourg about 80. burnt Such as are against the Popes doctrine haue bene euer flaundered and Histories haue often followed their affections when there hath bene a question of truth The Albigeois or Albiois a people which had receiued a beginning of the light of truth opposed themselues against the Idolatrie of Transubstantiation which first gaue them occasion to withdrawe thmselues from the Romane Church They inhabited the Countrey about Tholouse and d' Albi. S. Dominike Author of that new Sect of such as named themselues preachers came from Spaine and persecuted them greatly both in deed and word The Pope sent also towards them his Legate Nicholas Bishop of Tusculan who being there with 4. horses 2. Mules returned in a litle time with 50. and with great pillage hauing exercised great tirannie against these poore people vppon whom they laid enormious crimes to make them odious to all the world This Pope caused to be published a Croisado against them and gaue full indulgences and remission of sinnes to such as would make war vpon them Simon Count of Mountfort went against them ouercame a great number nigh vnto Tholouse 140. were burnt in the Diocesse of Narbone and 400. in the Diocesse of Tholouse at diuers times In this ouerthrowe of the Albigeois Peter king of Tarracon who had drawne them back and bore them fauour and amitie was slaine at the combats Simon de Mountfort pursued his victorie See Mathew de Paris an English Historiographer who was in this time In the time of Innocent was held a Councell in France against king Phillip of France after he was returned from beyond the Sea The Popes Legate had laid an interdict vpon all the Kingdome of France because the King had put away his wife Ingeberge sister of the King of Dalmatia or Morauia after some Chronicles vnder the colour that she was his kinswoman and had espowsed newly the daughter of the Duke of Boheme called Mary Against the sentence of the said Legate the King armed himselfe with appellation to a future Councel and in the meane while reuenged him of the Bishops which had consented vnto the said sentence For he cast them out of their Diocesses and Benefices and caused to be held in straight guard the said Ingeberge in the Castle of Estampes The King tooke againe his first wife Ingeberge wherevpon his second dyed of griefe The Children the King had by her were declared legitimate The yeare 1216. Innocent dyed at Pise and there was buried Hee came thither to appease controuersies betwixt the Townes of Pise and Genes Honorius Pope 3. of that name ruled at Rome ten yeares 7. or 8. moneths certaine daies and was chosen at Peruse The first yeare of his Popedome hee confirmed the order of the Iacobins which his predecessors had refused to do Honorius being admonished by a dreame confirmed it For in a Vision he thought that the Church fell that S. Dominike sustained it with his shoulders by reason hereof he sent for him and so was confirmed the third older of Mendicants or beggers Yea Honorius would needs haue him to obtaine the first place He commaunded that the Host should be kept in a place by it selfe and well enclosed That when the Priest lifteth vp the Host the people shall with all reuerence bowe as also when it is carried vnto the sicke Ierusalem was rased euen to the foundations by Gordirius the sonne of Saladin whilest the Christians were before Dimiere Supp Chron. Honorius went into Fraunce fearing Frederic and held a Councel at Lyons where he declared Frederic an enemy of the Church and deposed him of his Empire deliuering all Princes from their oath of fidelitie that they had promised him Naucl. All the cause was because he conferred Benefices Honorius then did so much with the Princes of Almaigne that Iohn King of Cactâle or Henry Lantgraue of Turinge was elected Emperour and after Rodolpe or William Count of Holland who raigned two yeares which obteined not the Imperiall blessing being preuented by death Histories in this place are confused The yeare 1220. or 1223. Dominike the Emperour died The yeare 1223. Honorius confirmed the Religion of S. Francis which was the fourth order of Mendicant Friars All the foure orders of the said Mendicants were confirmed by Honorius Fascic Templ The fulnesse of all Infection is come into the Church by these foure plagues of begging Monkes Frederic was reconciled with Honorius by the meanes of Iohn King of Ierusalem who gaue his daughter in marriage to the said Frederic Lewis 8. of that name Father of S. Lewis the 12. King of France raigned three yeares He made warre vpon the English men when his Father Phillip did the like vpon Otho He spake with the Emperour Frederic and renewed the fraternitie betwixt the French and Almaignes See Gaguin li. 3. All Lombardie at the perswasion of Pope Honorius rebelled against the Emperour Frederic Naucler Honorius dyed and was
buried in the Church of S. Mary the greater The said yeare or as others say 1224. was inuented the Fable of the Stigmates and wounds of S. Francis S. Claire was in this time a Disciple of S. Frances Suppl Chron. Gregorie Pope 9. of that name before Bishop of Ostia called Hugolin or Anagnia of the parentage of Innocent and as Platina saith Honorius his Nephewe ruled at Rome 14. yeares and three moneths This Pope heaped vp Decretalls by one of his Chaplaines called Raymond and commaunded all Doctors and Maisters to hold the said Decretalls and to vse them through all Christendome in Schooles and Iudgements The Pope Canonized S. Dominicke and S. Francis also S. Elizabeth daughter of the King of Hungarie Hee ordeined that the Salue Regina should be sung at the tolling of a bell Paralip Vrsperge Gregorie took this boldnesse to admonish Frederic vnder paine of excoÌmunication to goe into Asia to recouer the Citie of Ierusalem At the second time he denounced him excommunicated In so much that Frederic was constrained to goe into Syria by the aduice of his friends but after sending to Rome to be absolued the Pope refused it withal sent vnto y e knights Templars Hospitaliers which were there in any wise not to fauour the Emperor but as a publike enemy moreouer procured that his subiects of Pouille reuolted To bring this to passe he sent Iohn king of Ierusalem with a great band Which thing being vnderstood Frederic withdrew hastily from Syria leauing his Marshall with his Armie S. Lewis 43. King of France raigned 44. yeares Blanch his mother who was ordeined Regent by Testament gained the hearts of the Princes Lords part by force part by loue which practised euil against her sonne The yeare 1237. the Genenois elected a Duke after the maner of the Venetians About the yeare 1238. a solemne disputation was held at Paris by the Doctors in Theologie against the pluralitie of Benefices See Chron. Reg. Fran. Peter de Vigne or Vinea Chauncellour vnto the Emperour Fredericke 2. writ at this time many Letters in the Emperours name whereof there are yet some extant imprinted whereby he complained that all the world cannot fil the insatiabilitie of the Pope That the Turpitudes of the Cleargie are so great and enormious as shame forbiddeth to speake thereof He also manifestly maintained that the Pope neither by diuine or humane right hath any power of the sword He was also excommunicated of the Pope William the Goldsmith was also at this time who sheweth that he Pope is Antichrist Rome Babilon and the Prelates members of Antichrist Caesarius 10. dist 3. of his Dialogues The fruite of the doctrine which the Waldois at that time dispearsed abroad was seene in the persons of many which opposed themselues against the fraudes and errours of Popes seates Frederic went into Italie against Millain and other Citties which rebelled The Pope ioyned with the Venetians against the Emperor and the third time excommunicated him There contentions were published by Letters wherein are conteined the reproches that one offer vnto an an other Gregorie in great impudencie calleth the Emperor the forerunner of Antichrist and an heretike because he said the Pope had no power to excommunicate Gregorie published in a Sermon the Croisado against the Emperour and shewed S. Pauls head the rather to moue the Romanes against the Emperour promising reward of glory and of eternal life to all such as crossed armed themselues against Gods the Churches enemie Great mischiefes happened at Rome and thereabouts Such as Emperor caught were cauterized and marked in the forehead with an hot Iron The faction of Guelphes Gibellins shewed it selfe in this time CoÌtentions were sharp all ouer and diuided into two Factions that is into Guelphes and Gibellins Some say that this Emperour when he was thus tormented of the Pope called in the Almane tongue such as fauored him Gibellins because he leaned himself vpon theÌ as an house vpoÌ 2. strong walles And he called such as were contrary followed the Popes part Guelphes that is to say Wolues But the pronuntiatioÌ hath bin corrupted From this diuision proceeded infinit mischiefes and destruction of Townes and people so that the miserable calamitie of these Factions cannot be expressed There was no towne but it was diuided But at Millain were those Factions the Vicounts held on one side the Turrians the other which were two great and noble Families in the Towne about the dissention whereof all the Towne was turned into sedition Gregorie willing to assemble a Councel at Rome to depose the Emperor the king of France consenting thervnto at the Popes request The Emperour caused watch to bee laide both by land and sea Fortie Gallies which the Cardinalls Bishops and Abbots had made were taken by them of Pise Gregorie vnderstanding those newes excommunicated them Finally the yeare of Christ 1241. Gregorie afflicted with so many mischiefs fell sicke and dyed with sorrow and griefe Accursius Florentine an expounder of the Pandects was in this time Margarite daughter of S. Lewis Duches of Brabant founded the Monasterie of S. Marcel nigh Paris for religious women in which place the said Margarite liued the residue of her dayes after her Fathers decease Celestine Pope 4. of that name borne at Millaine ruled at Rome 18. dayes onely before called Ieffrey Bishop of Saint Sabin a very auncient man He often vsed this sentence It is harder to be moderate in prosperitie then in aduersitie Suppl Chron. After his death the seate was vacant about two yeares for the horrible dissentions that then were amongst the Cleargie Bolloigne taken by Frederic the Vniuersitie and studie was remoued from thence to Padua Naucler S. Lewis founded in the Bishoppricke of Benuais the Abbey of Loy anmont where are Monkes of the order of Sisteaux the Couent of the order of Sisters Minors nigh Paris otherwise called the humilitie of our Lady The Hostel Dieu of Paris of Pontoise of Compienne of Vernon the Abbey of Beaulieu the Abbey of S. Mathew at Roan He founded also in the towne of Paris the Quinze Vingts the Church of S. Crosse the Chartreux the Fillis Dieu the house of Saint Augustine and the white Mantels Innocent Pope 4. of that name before called Senebaldus borne at Senes ruled Rome 11. yeares 6. moneths and sixe dayes He Canonized many Saints and loued much the foure orders of begging Friars as it were supporters of his seate and gaue them many priuiledges He added vnto the Feasts ordeined See the Decret De consec dist 3. cap. pronuntiandum He came for refuge into Fraunce fearing the Emperour and held a Councell at Lyons whereat the degree and estate of Cardinals was exalted against heretickes and commaunded by Edict that from thenceforth they should goe on horsback and a redde attire on their head and a scarlet gowne for a signe and witnesse that they ought to
be alwaies ready to suffer to present themselues vnto all perils and dangers for the defence of Christian Religion euen to shead their bloud C. Masseus O craft and childish mockerie He cited the Emperor personally to appeare And because he appeared not he excommunicated him and depriued him of his Empire although he sent thither his Embassadors Immunities of Monkes He gaue great Immunities and priuiledges to Monkes not onely to Mendicants but to all others and made likewise the rule of the sisters of S. Claire After this Councell he sent to the Electors to proceed to a new election Frederic on his side writ Letters to the King of France by which he shewed the wrong that the Pope did him See Naucler The Electors at the Popes commandement elected Henry Lantgraue of Turinge who hauing laid siege before Vlme was strooken with an Arrowe and soone after died of a Flux of the belley Naucler O deiection of Christian Princes that will suffer themselues to be so fondly carried away by a foolish feare of excommunication This Pope hauing not onely absolued from the oath of fidelitie the Emperors subiects but also excommunicated all Lords and Princes which fauoured and obeyed him so mooued and angred the Emperour that he depriued 40. Bishops of their dignities sacked the houses which appertained vnto the Popes parents and caused to be put to death vpon a Gibbet many notable persons which had consented to the Popes conspiration Note how many troubles and mischiefes comes in the world by Popes After the death of Henry Guilliam Count of Holland was chosen but soone after was slaine of the Frisons In the said Councell of Lyon was the Croisado published whereof S. Lewis was made chiefe But yet the holy Land was not recouered For things went alwaies from euill to worse S. Lewis in that voyage beyond the Sea was prisoner Frederic gaue to Manfroy his bastard sonne the Kingdome of Sicilie but the Pope Vrbaine tooke it from him by reason he was contrary vnto him and gaue it to the brother of S. Lewis Charles Count of Aniou In this time raigned Odo Chauncelor of Paris Hugo Cardinalis Iacopin Vincent the Historiographer Alexander de Hales an English man Alexander de Villa dei a Frier who made the doctrine The yeare of Christ 1250. Frederic founded a Towne in Italie and called it Victoria It was after taken by the Popes souldiers and by his Legate and raced vnto the foundations Then Frederic returned into Pouille where soone after he died of sicknesse of the age of 57. yeares Some say he was traiterously slaine by his sonne Manfroy Conrade King of Germanie was crowned in his father Frederic his time vnderstanding then of his death he went into Italie and from thence into Pouille where hee became sicke His bastard brother Manfroy to raigne peaceably gaue the Phisitian a summe of siluer to poyson his medicines whereof he died but first he made his Testament and instituted Corradin his sonne heire of his kingdomes and countries and was honourably buried The Pope assembled souldiers to goe against Manfroy and thinking shortly to obtaine his kingdome died at Naples sooner then he thought and was buried in the Church of Saint Laurence Naucler S. Lewis returned from beyond the Sea The Colledge of Sarbone was now instituted and founded at Paris by Robert brother of S. Lewis Alexander Pope 4. of that name of Campaigne ruled at Rome 7. yeares The Pope canonized S. Claire The Hermittes of the order of Saint Augustine were by this Pope drawne from their Hermitages in woods vnto good Townes commaunding them to preach and heare Confessions and gaue vnto the said order priuiledges exemptions and indulgences He excommunicated Manfroy the bastard and after made warre vpon him but the Pope was ouercome and his Legate imprisoned at Naples The Archbishop of Rauenna was created Legate Apostolike hee preached the Croisado against Ecclinus promising eternall life to such as would goe to warre against the Popes enemies So did Gregorie the 9. against Frederic the 2. The yeare of Christ 1256. William Count of Holland fell into a poole and his horse not being able to get vp was slaine by the Frisons After the death of Henry Lantgraue of Hesse and of William Count of Holland the Electors disagreed Some elected Alphonsus King of Castile Others Richard Count of Cornwall the King of England his brother and that by the Popes Instigation Naucler There was a schisme in the Empire 23. yeares after Naucler or 28. after others and all by the occasion of Popes and this schisme endured from the yeare 1245. vntill the yeare 1273. which was the first yeare of the Empire of Rodolphe The first League of the Switzes The alliance of Leagues and Cantons in the Countrey of Switze beganne now They droue out of their Country many Noble men which were tirants and committed vniust actions vpon them So did they defend the poore the Orphanes and widowes whereby they became renowmed through all the world saith Fasci temp In this time S. Lewis king of France as soone as he was returned made many goodly Lawes and ordinances to hold his people in iustice Bayliffes Prouosts and Sargeants in theyr duties that they might not be raueners or eaters of the people vnder the paine to be put from their offices He droue from his Court Morrisdauncers and Ieasters forbidding Officers to take gaine or to take Benefices for theyr children Hee ordained that the blasphemers should haue the hotte Iron set in their browes He went into Affrike tooke Carthage and besieged Tunes The plague fell in his Campe where he died of a Fluxe of the belley hauing raigned 44. yeares His body was carried to bee buried at S. Denis See Emil Lib. 7. An opposition against the Sects of Mendicants or begging Friars Guilliam de S. Amour Doctor of Paris Chanon of Benuais flourished in this time In his Sermons as himselfe witnesseth he especially enuied against the hipocrisie of Prelates saying that that vice was of all most dangerous wherewith all the Church was infected He opposed himselfe against Monkes and aboue all against Mendicants accusing them that they troubled Churches and brought out the witnesses of the scriptures which make mention of Antichrist and his supporters And applying them to the time present proued by 39. signes that begging Friars were false Prophets He expounded that place of the Gospell If thou wilt be perfect goe and sell all that thou possessest c. Vpon which place the Mendicants founded their order And he gaue to know in full disputation that the place was not meant of actuall pollicie as Sophisters speake but of habituall pouertie that is to say that Iesus Christ demaundeth of vs not that we should forsake and cast off that which we haue but that we be readie when the confession of the name of God and the glory of Iesus Christ requireth it to abandon and forsake not onely that which we possesse
Laterane and there crowned him King of Ierusalem and Sicilie vpon condition notwithstanding to sweare to pay vnto the Romane Church yearely 40000 peeces of gold and that he should not receiue the Empire at the hands of the Almaines no not though they would thrust it vpon him The Sarrasins came into Spaine and committed a great massacre there The yeare of Christ 1267. Conradin the true and Legitimate King of Sicilie sonne of Conrade who was sonne of Frederic the second vanquised in warre by Charles Count d'Angiou and was finally taken and disclosed by a Marriner vnto whom he gaue his Ring in pawne for his passage to Pise but hee was brought vnto the Count d' Angiou and put in prison afterward by the Popes Councell he was beheaded the yeare 1268. Naples with Frederic Duke of Austriche and many others There is great diuersitie in Histories touching the taking of the said Conradin See the Chro. of the Emperors in the 2. Tome Iohn Naucler in the Generation 34. in the 2. volu See heerevpon Martin Luther in the booke against the Romane Popedome inuented by the diuell This Pope Clement demaunded a certaine Tenth in Almaine Iohn surnamed Teutonicus Glossator of the Decree and Prouost of S. Stephen d'Alberstat opposed himselfe against it and appealed to the next Councell for which appellation the said Prouost was excommunicated by the Pope and depriued of his office The Sea of Hist Clement hauing a Nephew which held 3. Benefices Ecclesiasticall constrained him to forsake two of them Naucler The said Clement died at Viterbe and the seate was vacant two yeares Gregorie Pope tenth of that name borne at Plaisance in Lombardie ruled at Rome foure yeares Before hee was called Thiband Archdeacon of Lande and was then in the parts beyond the Sea in the Citie of Acre when hee was chosen at Viterbe The Cardinalls being in the Conclaue for the election Iohn Bishop of Port mocking him said Come let vs vncouer this house for the holy Ghost cannot discend passe through so many couerings After his election he sought to pacifie the Venetians and the Geneuois Phillip 3. of that name surnamed le Hardie sonne of S. Lewis 44. King of France raigned 15. yeares The yeare of Christ 1272. Gregorie made assemble a Councell at Lyons of all the Barons and Prelates of France wherein he ruled and king Phillip met him gaue him a guard of souldiers and three strong places about Lions for the suretie of his person Iohn le Maire In the said Councell was ordained that the Pope should be chosen of the Cardinalls incontinent after the others death and that they should put the Cardinalls in sure prison wherein they should giue them neither to eate nor drinke vntill they were agreed This ordinance was then made because the seate had bene vacant almost three yeares before they could agree vpon the election In the said Councell was also accorded the tenth part of the Church goods to be giuen for sixe yeares to maintaine the warre for the conquest of the Land beyond the sea At the said Councell some sorts of Monkeries which liued of Almes were defaced namely the bretheren des Sacs the bretheren des pres the bretheren des blancs manteaux and many others Michael Paleologus then the Emperour of Constantinople came thither for the vnion of the Greeke and Latine Church which was ratified by the said Emperour And this was the third time that the Greeke Church was revnited with the Latin but it was alwaie broken as yet this third vnion was During the time of the said Councell certaine Princes of Tartaria which had followed the said Emperour Paleologus receiued baptisme Moreouer there was great disputation about the voyage vnto the holy Land which was the old practise of Popes but nothing was concluded therein S. Thomas d' Aquin going to the said Councell of Lions whervnto he was called died in the way of the age of 50. yeares Bonauenture was created Cardinall by the Pope but soone after he died Gregorie 10. returning from France to Rome and passing by Florence was required to take away the Interdict hee had forbidden them all right of warring but he did nothing therin And from thence came to Aretinum where he died After the Empire had bene long vacant and that many Ciuill warres had therevpon followed Rodolphe Count of Habspurge in Suesia was chosen king of the Romanes by the Electors a man of mean age and who had valiantly carried himself in the charge he had vnder Frederic 2. He had also bene great Maister in the Court of Ottocarus king of Bohemia who sought to hinder the election because he also aspired vnto the Empire Whilest they were chusing Rodolphe he held the seate before Baste For there were then two factions in the towne Such as fauoured the Bishop bore a Perroquet Such as fauoured the Count Rodolphe carried the Starre Rodolphe sought to place in the Towne them of the faction of the Starre which were chased out Munster After he was crowned at Aix he held certaine assemblies or Imperiall Iourneyes where the king of Bohemia was declared a Rebell who during the vacancie of the Empire vsurped Austrich Siria Carinthia and Carniota Rodolphe then with the power of the Princes occupied Austrich and droue out Ottocaire King of Bohemia and after constrained him to yeeld himselfe a vassall and to do homage Ottocairus according therevnto required that one thing might bee graunted him namely that he might not do his homage publikely For hee was very proud and shamed to bow the knees before him that before had serued him as his great Maister The Emperour agreed that it should be vnder a Pauillion But this Pauillion was made with such industrie that in drawing it would diuide in foure parts Beeing then vpon his knees and receiuing the standerd at the Emperours hand according to the custome one broke the coard of the Pauillion so that it opened on all parts in such sort that Ottocairus was seene of all dooing homage on his knees This being come vnto the knowledge of Kunegunde his wife which he had espowsed during the life of his other wife Margaret as soone as her husband returned mocked him that he had bowed his necke being adorned so pompeously before him that once had bene his seruant and so incited him to reuenge himselfe of that despight The king being thus pricked forward made warre vpon the Emperour against the oath he had taken against the aduise of the Princes of his Countrey The Emperor met him put him to flight and finally a Gentleman of Styria wounded him and being dispoiled of all that hee had was carried dead to the Towne of Austriche Anno 1279. and 14. thousand of his people were slaine besides prisoners After this Rodolphe entred into the Countrey of Bohemia and wasted it Pride intermedled with shame and disloyaltie falleth into confusion and ruine The Bishop of Olmunce made the peace and brought
things to this passe that Wencelaus son of Ottocaire should take to wife Gertrude the Emperors daughter on the other side Rodolphe the Emperour his sonne should espowse Agnes the daughter of Ottocaire Austrich also came vnto the Emperours sonne Albert. The Tartarians Till this time the Tartarians were vnknowne in Europe Now they shewed themselues and finally entred into Hungarie with fiue hundreth thousand men from thence into Polonia Schlesia Morauia See Monstre lib. 4. Some recite that in this time Haalon King of the Tartarians ouercame the Countries of Persia and tooke Babilon then called Baldaca with the great Caliphe who in the Mahumetist lawe is to bee compared vnto the Pope of Rome in authoritie and treasure This Haalon hauing the Caalipho prisoner as is said inuented and ordained in a great mockerie his death in this sort It is conuenient saith hee that that man speake of the Caliphe which loued so much gaine should be nourished with precious viands go then and place him in the middest of heaps of gold and precious stones and let him vse such meates As then he had certaine time bene kept in great affluence of gold and siluer and in the middest of these riches he died with hunger See Paralip Vrsp. Innocent Pope fift of that name borne at Burgongne after Supp Chron. and Cor. Abb. Or in Lombardie after Fasci Temp. before called Peter de Tarentaise Prior Prouinciall of the Iacobins in France Maister and Doctor in Theologie Archbishop of Lyons Cardinall d' Ostia and great Penitenciary of the Pope See how these Grashoppers Mendicants enter alreadie into power to appoint ouer them the King Abadon as is spoken Apocalips 19. Whilest this man was Bishop of Ostia and Cardinall whose office it is to consecrate the Pope Bonauenture Friar was also Cardinall and Bishop of Albe This Peter or Innocent beeing chosen Pope came soone after to Rome Where hauing bene crowned in the Church of S. Peter that hee might rest at his pleasure he sent Embassadors men of great authoritie which commaund them of Tuscane which had conspired to destroy the Pisans and the Geneuois and Venetians beeing at deadly foode to lay downe their Armes vpon paine of excommunication The Embassadors of Charles King of Sicilie were also there present by meanes of whose authoritie hee hoped things should more easily haue such issue as they desired The Tuscanes straight did what was commaunded them And aboue all the Florentines which also for that cause he declared and absolued of the Interdict which Gregorie his predecessor had published against them But the Geneuois Venetian whose hearts had of long time beene inueterated consumed one an other by losses and mutuall victories which notwithstanding Innocent would haue made consent vnto that he pretended if he had longer liued he tooke the matter so much to heart But he dyed sixe moneths and two daies after he was chosen Pope the same yeare of his predecessour Gregorie and was buried in the Church of Laterane This saith Carsulanus although he had determined to do many things yet did nothing worthie of memorie because he was preuented by death This Pope as Platina saith displeased much the secular Priests because that being at Viterbe after he had heard the processe that was betwixt them and the Iacobins touching the sepulcure of Clement the fourth hee ordeined by sentence that his bodie should be buried by the said Iacobins Rodolphe Adrian Pope fift of that name borne at Genes of the house of Tolisques before called Othobonus was created Pope at Rome in the Pallace of Lateran after the death of Innocent his vncle hauing bene ordeined by him Cardinall Deacon of Saint Adrian and sent into England with large power to leuie a great summe of money But as hee sought to appease certaine discordes betwixt the King and his Barons that hee might dispatche his businesse the more easilie hee was clapt vp in prison by the Londiners but finally deliuered againe The yeare of our Lorde 1266. hee helde a Sinode in Northumberland and an other at London whether resorted a great number of Bishoppes and Priests There after they had brought to such estate as he thought good the things appertaining to the Popedome hee published certaine lawes which in time to come England should vse in such things as concerned Popery He declared wicked all such Bishops as had rashly followed the Princes part against King Henry the third which yet were absolued by him partly by gifts presents and partly because he was constrained vnto a quicke transportation to the Pope of Rome Being then created Pope of Rome he tooke incontinently his way towardes Viterbe and sought to bring into Italie the Emperor Rodolphe to diminish the power of Charles King of Sicilie this was hee which a little before they had lifted vp into that roome against all iustice and equitie who at that time did his pleasure and as he would at Rome But Rodolphe being wrapped in warre against the Bohemians could not satisfie Adrians request As for Charles meaning to flie the enuie against him transported into Achaia all his forces which he had prepapared to make warre to the end by that meane to make a way to be Emperour of Constantinople Adrian had a will saith Platina to cause that all Seignories belonging vnto the Church should come into great assurance against such as oppressed them and to reduce into an other forme the constitution of his predecessour Gregorie touching the shutting vp of Cardinalls at the Popes election But death hindered his enterprises and opposed it selfe against the greatnes of his courage What could he do saith Wicelius Apostate of the truth that was a Pope but of fortie dayes For be deceased at Viterbe the yeare 1276. before he could be consecrated and was enterred in the Couent of Friars the fourth day of his Popedome and the seat was vacant about 28. dayes Many debates and contentions happened amongst the Bishops and Pastors against the Mendicant Monkes which troubled Churches because whether Bishops Priests would or no they would ascend into Pulpits to preach Amongst such as complained of them besides Guilliam d'Amour of whom we spake before there was Bernard the Glossator of the Decretalls Godfrey des Fountaines Henry de Gaud and many others Laurent an English man Doctour of Paris in this time maintained the opinion of Guilliam de Saint Amour and writ against the Monkes a Booke conteining an admonition against false Prophets and an other by which he defendeth the said de Saint Amour The Booke that the bogging Friars set out Of the eternall and spirituall Gospell to eââââct the true Gospell of our Lord was publikely burnt and to couer their filthinesse and impudencie they saide that a certaine Monke which long time before was dead had made it Iohn 22. of that name of Portugal borne in the Towne of Lisbone making profession of Phisicke called before Peter of Portugall of a Cardinall and
But as once he was taking his ordinarie refection with his Captaines as Casulanus reciteth it the yeare of our Lord 1285. he was taken with a secret malladie of which hee died after hauing said hee endured much griefe although the Phisitians founde not in him any signe of death and was buried at Peruse Some Authors which Thomas Cooper one very learned followeth in his abridgement of Chronicles haue left in writing that the first yeare of his Popedome hee tooke as the Prouerbe is to bread and to potte the concubine of his Predecessor Nicholas But for feare such an accident should happen vnto him as did vnto the other namely that if he had a childe it should be like vnto a Beare he commanded that all the Beares which had bene painted in the Pallace by a Pope of the house of Vrsins should be defaced and cleane taken away because he knew well that the figure of things vpon which women think when they conceiue their children oftentimes is certaine imprinted in them It appeares well that this Pope was herein very expert but he tooke no heed that such a monster shewed to the world what sanctetie there is in Popes singlenesse Giles of Rome Bishop of Bourges disciple of S. Thomas d'Aquin liued in this time Phillip le Bell 45. King of France and of Nauarre raigned after his father Phillip the third the yeare 1225. The Pallace was sumptuously builded in the Ile which Sene maketh Euguerrant de Marigni the Kings Councellor and President des Finances had the charge thereof In this Pallace the Court of Parliament had his seate distributed into chambers The king dwelt there The Colledge of Nauarre was builded by the Queene Ioane at the entry of the raigne of this king Honorius 4. of that name borne at Rome of the house of Sabellius which is a noble race called before Iames and beeing Cardinall Deacon after he had bene chosen by the Cardinals tooke possession of the Popedome and ruled 2. yeares Naucl. He had a brother called Pandulphe which was then Senator of Rome who greatly punished theeues homicides and other such like This Pope dwelt in Mount Auentine where he builded a new house and incited many others to do the like He excommunicated Peter King of Arragon who then occupied the Kingdome of Sicilie against Charles and confirmed the Interdict published against him by his predecessor Martin because hee would not permit that the Popes seate should enioy that Region The Florentines and they of Luke obtained by siluer of Rodolphe the Emperour libertie for their Common-wealthes The Florentines gaue 6000. skutes and the Luquets 12000. skutes The Venetians also obtained licence to forge Ducats of Gold at Venice The Geneuois got themselues franchis and libertie Chro. of the Emp. Tom. 2. This Emperor was noted of couetousnesse A childe called Rodolphe was martired at Berne by the Iewes whereby they of Berne put the Iewes to death And therefore the Emperour Rodolphe assembled thirtie thousand souldiers and besieged Berne but profited nothing as is aboue said The Colledge of Collets at Paris was founded by Iohn Collet Priest Cardinall of S. Cecilie Legate in France borne in Beauoisin saith the Sea of Histories He mooued a maruellous warre against Guy Feltron who occupied the Townes of Flaminia and ouercomming him hee annexed vnto the seignorie of Rome all that Countrey This Pope confirmed the Sect of the Augustines which was not yet receiued at Paris but was by many impugned because it was not well allowed by the Councell of Lateran and graunted them many priuiledges And besides hee would that the Carmes leauing their coloured apparell with barres should take the white habit and ordained they should be named the bretheren of the Virgin Marie After which goodly deeds he liued not long but being dead the yeare 1288. hee was carried from the Church of S. Sabine in the Mount Auentine into the Church of S. Peter where hee was buried with great pompe After the death of Honorius the seate was vacant tenne moneths For the Cardinalls beeing in the Conclaue died vpon sudden malladies euen when great earthquakes terrified them and so the election was deferred vntill an other time Nicholas Pope 4. of that name Minister generall of the Friars called Ierome borne at Marke d'Ancone ruled at Rome foure yeares and one moneth Naucler or 6. yeares 8. moneths and 16. dayes after some He succeeded the foresaid Honorius 10. moneths after his death yet the Cardinalls were not all of one opinion This Pope superstitiously deuout dwelt nigh vnto the Church called S. Marie the greater or ad praesepe because they forged that lie that the Crib where the Virgin Marie laid Iesus Christ after hee was borne into the world is there and adorned it with edifices and rich paintings Hee created Cardinalls of all sorts of Monkes for the profit of the Kingdome of Abaddon to the end they might be light-horses prepared to the battaile and might haue teeth like Lyons tailes like Scorpions wherewith they might hurt men For as Platina sayeth he loued all alike and thought not himselfe any thing more bound to his parents and kinsfolke then vnto others Hee caused the Croisado to be preached and sent at his owne charges many souldiers into Asia to keepe the Towne of Ptolemais Supp Chron. There hapned in his time many ciuill warres murders dissentions and brawles at Rome vppon his occasion giuing more countenance to the one part then to the other And this contention endured the space of two yeares and an halfe Fasci temp Many Hauens of the sea were lost the Christians were rooted out of Ierusalem and Siria by a long and great dissention of the Venetians Geneuois Pisans which then were for Communalties the mightiest by Sea It is said their contention was for an Abbey which each of them said to be theirs and this quarrell endured thirtie yeares In so much that the Popes Alexander the fourth Vrbain the fourth Clement the fourth and the Kings of Fraunce and Sicilie were greatly busied to agree them and yet did no good In the meane while the Empire of Constantinople was vsurped by others and the French and Italians cast out of Greece The Ports of Tyre and Ptolemais were also taken from the aforesaid Contendants The last yeare of the Empire of Rodolphe Charles Prince of Salerne and sonne of Charles King of Sililie was deliuered from the prisons of the King of Arragon and after came to Rome and on the day of Pentecost was crowned King of Sicilie by the Pope Nicholas and absolued from the oathe hee had made to the King of Arragon See the Historie of France The yeare of Christ 1291. three thousande Christians were slaine by the Sarrazens in the Countrey of Syria the rest for feare retired Chron. Euseb Acha according to Naucl. was taken by the Souldan with fifteene other Townes twelue Castles and a great number of Christians slaine and this
happened by the dissention of the Christians and rashnesse of such as were Crossed saith Fascic tempo There was mortall warre betwixt the Geneuois and they of Pise for the I le of Corsike but finally the Pisans were vanquished vpon the sea and more then twelue or sixteene thousand men slaine with a losse of fortie eight Gallies Fasci Temp. And other ships besides them were sunke and drowned Suppl Chron. The Tartarians got hold of the kingdome of Constantinople and a great part of that Empire The same Nicholas Pope dyed of griefe that all things happened not after his wish seeing so manifold calamities all ouer and especially at Rome The Cardinals after his death retired to Peruse that their election might be more sure but in two yeares and three moneths they could not accord Suppl Chron. Rodolphe the Emperour dyed also the yeare of his age 73. of our saluation 1291. of his Empire 18. He had for his wife Anne Countesse of Hohemberg which was buried at Basle with her sonne Herman who was drowned in Rhene Adolphe Count of Nassau was chosen Emperour by certaine of the Electors and Albert Duke of Astrishe by other yet Adolphe was crowned at Aix the Chappell His brother who was Archbishop of Magunce helped him much He raigned sixe yeares and after was deposed by the Electors For besides that he was not puissaunt enough in domestical faculties to sustaine that Imperiall dignitie he also despised the Princes of the Empire and dignified diuer without merite He committed adulterers violated Virgines Nunnes and Widowes he enterprised warre against Fraunce because of the kingdome of Arles but he executed no memorable thing sauing that he ledde an Armie into Thuringe and Misne to pacifie contentions betwixt Albert Lantgraue of Thuringe and his sonne Dietere and others Celestine fift of that name an Esermen by Nation which is a place nigh the Towne of Sulme by profession an Heremite and before called Peter Moron after that briberies of the Cardinalls which had endured the space of two yeares had taken ende by the fauour of Charles the second of that name King of Naples and of the Cardinall Latin was declared Pope Incontinently after his election he went to Aigle and caused to come before him all the Cardinalls and created new to the number of twelue amongst which there were two Hermites Ptolomie and Laques haue written that at his installing were two hundreth thousand men In the first Consistory he held saith Christian Masseus as he went about to reforme the Romane church to the ende the Cleargy therof might serue for an example to others he incurred so the maleuolence indignation of many that grinding their teeth against him they called him sot and dotard One of these companions called Benet suborned an other who making a crany or hole in his Chamber many nights cried as it had bin an Angel from heauen Celestine Celestine renounce thy Papacie For that charge exceedeth thy Forces Some also in the day time counselled him to giue ouer his Popedome and prouide for his saluation The king Charles was aduertised of these things getting their Pope to come to him he praied him as much as was possible that he would not reiect such a dignity which was giue him from heauen wherevnto he answered I wil do what God will As hee returned from Naples it may bee hauing no rest in his conscience on the Vigile of Saint Luce he dismissed himselfe of that charge and hasted to returne into his Hermitage All this rehearseth Masseus yet first he made a constitution by the consent of all that it should be lawfull for a Pope to giue ouer such a charge Which constitution Boniface 8. his successor a man subtill and malicious confirmed and placed if in the 6 booke of his Decretalls Moreouer the said Boniface his successor fearing that the people despising him would cleaue vnto Celestine he caused him to be put in close prison where he kept him euen till his death He died then in prison the yeare of our Lord 1295. the 10. day of May two yeares and fiue moneths after he had bene chosen Pope The Sect of Monkes called Celestines had their name and originall of him Arlot general of the order of Friars who made the Concordances vpon the Bible liued in this time Abb. Trit Boniface 8. of that name borne in Campania in the Towne of Anagnia called before Benet de Gauete one of the chiefe Councellors of Celestine his predecessor beeing at Naples was thrust into his place by a maruellous treason Being Cardinall Priest of S. Martin in the Mountaines he desired so to come vnto the Papall dignitie that he left nothing behind either of ambition or fraud that he thought might bring his purpose to passe Againe hee was so arrogant that he despised almost all men in respect of himselfe This is he of whom it is commonly spoken That he entred as a Foxe raigned as a Lyon and died as a dogge For it was he that sollicited Celestine to depose himselfe and so hee entered like a Foxe he gouerned like a Lyon in so much that hee was so arrogant and cruell to the end so that he called himselfe Lord of all the world but he died like a dogge For his end was miserable and all his deeds were reprooued as may be seene by his Historie He said as Marius witnesseth that he shut Celestine in prison not for any enmitie towards him but for feare the authors of sedition by his conduction should do him and the Romane Church any domage But who will not say that this Boniface was an horrible monster and an ignorant person hauing circumuented despoiled and finally murdred in prison a simple man which was his father After that the Princes of Almaine had chosen Albert Duke of Austrich Adolphe hauing on his side Otho Duke of Bauiers Raoul Count Palatin and certaine Imperiall Cities gaue battaile against Albert nigh Spire which was sharpe and cruell wherein Adolphus was slaine the yeare of his Empire 6. or 8. after some Albert Duke of Austrich sonne of Rodolphe the Emperor was againe chosen by the Electors and crowned at Aix the Chapple the yeare 1298. Hee gaue the gouernment of the Duchie of Austrich to his sonne Rodolphe and gaue him in marriage Blanch the sister of Phillip king of France He made many warres That against the Bishop of Salisburie was for certaine Salt-wells For this Bishop being prouoked by Albert caused to be destroyed the place where the Salt was made The Emperor who could not be ouercome was impoysoned but the Phisitians gaue him such remedies that the venome came out at his mouth and nosthrills The force thereof was so great that it wasted one of his eyes and hee was called Borgne Hee was a magnanimous and valiant Prince He demaunded of Boniface to be crowned but he refused him saying hee was vnworthy of the Empire because hee
ambitiously and wickedly he came to be Pope He demaunded of the Ecclesiasticall Lords vpon whom they had the foundations and reuenewes of their Churches and Benefices After he turned him towards the Princes Barons and Knights and said vnto them And you Nobles and Vassalls what hold you for your King All they which were there answered with one voyce that they held their lands and their goods vnder the kings hand Then the king replied and said Yet you see what force and tirannie Boniface practiseth as if you and all the Realme of France were subiect vnto the Romane Church as now he vsurpeth the title of the Emperour of Almaine and hauing three times the said Duke Albert of Austrich saith himselfe is Emperour and Lord of all the world and in token thereof hee hath newly giuen the Empire to the Duke Albert yea euen the title of the Crowne of France These things thus proposed and brought to deliberation the king interiected an appellation from the Pope to the generall Councell and ordained by publike Edict vpon great pains that none should bee so hardie to drawe or transport any gold or siluer out of his kingdome for the affaires of the Romane Court and caused to guard all the Bridges Portes and passages On the other side Boniface the eight sought by Ecclesiasticall censors enmitie betwixt the Emperour and the King Yet notwithstanding they accorded meeting together in the plaines of Vuancoulers But the end was this that to tame the arrogancie and malice of this Pope the king secretly dispatched two hundreth men of Armes vnder the conduction of one named Sarra Colonnois a Romane and of an other Captain called Nogaret which secretly passed from Marceille and by night tooke the Pope in his house which was in Anagnia in the kingdome of Naples and carried him prisoner with the aide of the Gibelins to Rome where he died 24. dayes after or 35. dayes after Chron. Abb. of griefe and age and all his goods and treasures went to pillage Iohn le Maire Iohn the Monke Cardinall the founder of the Colledge of Picars at Paris came into France at the Popes commandement The Sea of Histories The memorable battaile of Courtray in Flaunders which the French lost and wherin a great part of the Nobilitie of France perished The Sea of Histories Benet 11. of that name a Lombard by Nation borne at Treuis called before Nicholas of the order of Iacobius borne of parents of base condition his father was a sheepheard after he was made Cardinall of Ostia he was chosen Pope a man of a cautellous and subtill spirit and therefore pleased Boniface exceedingly Incontinently after he was come vnto the Papaltie hee sought to pacifie Italie and therefore went to Peruse but hee fell sicke there and deceased and was buried in the Iacobins A certaine Abbesse presented vnto him poysoned figges whereof he died This was after prooued And Leander affirmeth that he died of poyson The seate was emptie about a yeare The yeare of Christ 1304. Phillip le bel King of France founded in the honour of S. Lewis the Abbey of Poisy where hee placed Nunnes of the order of the Friars preachers and after his death his heart was carried thither and buried The Sea of Histories The first Emperor of the Turkes The wickednesse of men being come to the fulnesse of all impietie Ottomanus a Turk began to raigne about this time and raigned 28. yeares He began by litle and litle to vsurpe vpon Europe The occasion was for that the Emperours of Greece demanded helpe of the said Turkes against the Bulgarians But they seeing the Countrey fit for them vsurped vpon the Emperour first in Thrace and after in Misia superiour and inferiour Macedonia Achaia Peloponesus Epirus Dalmacia and a great part of Illyria and Pannonia and finally into Hungaria The yeare of Christ 1306. the first League of Swissers was made of three Cantons namely Suits Vry and Vnderuald Naucler Peter Casiodore an Italian a Noble man and well instructed in pietie was in this time Hee writ vnto the Enghsh men not to carrie the importable yoake of the Romane Antechrist shewing the extortions and extreame seruitude of England which the Popes of that time had multiplied The Epistle beginneth Cui comparabo te c. which I haue here inserted transcribed and translated out of an old booke found in the church of S. Albans in England To the noble Church of England which serueth in bondage Peter the sonne of Cassiodore a Catholique souldier and deuout Champion of Iesus Christ desireth saluation and deliuerance from the yoake of captiuitie and to receiue the price and reward of libertie The Scribes and Pharisies placed themselues in Moyses Chaire c. It followeth after To whom shal I compare thee or to whom shal I say thou art like thou daughter of Ierusalem to whom shall I equall thee thou virgin daughter of Sion For thy ruine is great as the Sea thou art become sollitarie and without any sollace being all the day ouerwhelmed wilh heauinesse Thou art deliuered into the hands of him from whence thou canst not relieue thy selfe without the aide of some one which will lift theee vp For the Scribes and Pharisies beeing set vpon Moyses Chaire that is to say the Romane Princes being thy enemies are vpon thy head and enlarging their Philacteries and desiring to inrich themselues with the marrowe of thy bones impose heauie and insupportable burthens vpon the shoulders of thee and thy Ministers and bring thee vnmeasurably vnder the charge of paying tribure thou which euer hast bene free Let all occasion and matter of maruelling cease For thy mother which had rule ouer the people hauing espowsed her subiect hath appointed thee for a Father and before all others hath eleuated thee Bishop of Rome who in no paternall act sheweth himselfe to be such an one Very true is is that hee spreadeth out his skirtes and sheweth by experience that he is thy mothers husband For often he bringeth to memorie in his heart this sentence of the Prophet Take thee a great volume and write therein as with a touchstone after the maner of men Hastâ thee to the spoile dispatch thee of pilling and spoiling When the Apostle said Euery high Priest beeing taken of men is constituted for men in things which are concerning God Doth not this shewe that men must not occupie themselues with spoiles and rapines to impose censors and annuall rents nor to destroy men but to the end he might offer gifts and sacrifices for sinnes and that he might haue compassion of the ignorant and sinners And also we read of Peter who was a Fisher whose successor he saith he is that after the resurrection of Iesus Christ he returned to his fishing againe with the other Apostles who when he could take nothing on the left side of the ship by the commaundement of Iesus Christ he turned himselfe towards the right hand and drew the Nets to ground
was at the instance of Phillip le Bell. After he was aduertised of his election he departed from Burdeaux and came to Lyons and sent word that all the Cardinalls then in Italie should appeare there wherevnto they all obeyed without delay or contradiction and the coronation of the said Pope was made publike and solemne in the Church of S. Iust But this ioy and pompe was troubled For as an innumerable people were mounted vpon an old wall of S. Iust to see this great pompe and noblenes the said wall fell and flew duke Iohn of Britaine the King was there wounded and the Pope throwne ouer his horse and rudely troden vnder feete in so much that he lost a rich Carbuncle out of his triple crowne esteemed at 6000. Florents of Gold and more then 12. other notable persons were there wounded and died After the Pope Clement was crowned the king tooke leaue of him and went to marrie his sonne Lays Hutin to the daughter of the Duke of Burgongne called Margarite The Pope on the other side left Lion and made his residencie in Auignon This was the first of the Popes that kept there his Romane Court where it abode the space of 73. yeares before it returned to Rome Iohn le Maire After the end of this solemne pompe and that all things were appeased he created many French Cardinalls But hee made not one Italian onely he restored that dignitie of a Cardinall to Iohn and Iames of the house of Colomnois Moreouer he sent to Rome three Cardinalls with the power of Senators by whose direction the Towne and all Italie was gouerned He gaue to Frederic king of Sicilie the Ile of Sardeigne which was occupied by the Sarrasins vpon this condition that in chasing them away he might incontinently recouer it The yeare 1306. the Iewes were pilled and reiected Fraunce Albert the Emperour riding in the fieldes about noone was slaine by his Nephewe and other Princes of Austrich his companions Munster This iudgement might bee because in warre he had persecuted the Emperour Adolphe who although he was his inferiour vnto him in power yet was he ordained of God and ought him obedience But such murthers remaine not vnpunished Hiero. Marius adding to the words of Platina sayth thus Clement the fift because he desired not to serue others as Iesus Christ commaunded his disciples but rather to be serued euen of Emperors ordained that Emperours chosen in Almaine although they tooke the name of King of the Romanes yet they should receiue of the Pope the rights and name of the Emperour Moreouer that when the Emperour should bee dead whilest the Empire was vacant the gouernment of the townes of Italie subiect to the Emperor should be in the Popes power The Romane Court transported into France where it remained 74. yeares This Clemens who was a publike whoremonger and a great maintainer of harlots Chron. Herm. and Paralip Vrsp. placed the papall seate in Auignon to the end the better to enioy his delights and pleasures He celebrated the generall Councell of Vienne the yeare of our Lord. 1311. wherein he cruelly abolished the order of the Templers to the end to confiscate their goods with their spoiles raised vp the Hospitaliers into dignities called the knights of S. Iohn of Ierusalem which had conquered the I le of Rhodes vpon the Sarrasins The Knights of the Rhodes succeeded in the goods of the Templers The Pope excommunicated the Venetians because they had vsurped Ferrare which was of the Churches patrimonie and caused the Croisado to be published against them in Italie till they were constrained to yeeld the said seignorie of Ferrare which they had vsurped of a Lord called Frisius Estensis who had slaine his father to gouerne at Ferrare being notwithstanding aided by the Venetians to doo that wicked act Item he excommunicated the Florentines and them of Luques Henry the 7. would needes make himselfe to be crowned at Rome but it was not without great contradiction and effusion of bloud Robert King of Sicilie sonne of Charles the second King of Pouille was condemned of the said Henry to bee beheaded Clement graunted to all such as coiced themselues against the Turke that at their pleasures and will foure soules should be deliuered from purgatorie But the Theologians of Paris detested this and reprooued it saith Agrip. de vanit This Pope persecuted such as they named Fratricelli and one called Dulcinus of Navarre and published against theÌ the Croisado for that purpose seruing themselues with the Iacobins The Dulcins were named of that Dulcinus who was executed with his wife Margarite Naucler He had bene taught of one called Gerard. They which detested them and haue written their maner of doings say that they wore white Mantles long haires sometimes walking barefooted sometimes shod Item that they named themselues the order of the Apostles and they preached saying Repent for the kingdome of heaueÌ is at hand Moreouer they said that the authoritie which Christ gaue vnto his Church was expired for the malice of the Prelates And that the Romane Church was reprooued because it was an whore Also that they were the Church followed the rule of the Apostles That all the Popes since Siluester were Preuaricators and vsurpers because they liued not in true humilitie and that therefore men ought not to giue them Tythes Many of Dulcius adherents were taken to the number of 114. persons dwelling in the Mountains of Verseil in Piemont Rhodes in this time wes reconquered of the knights of the Rhodes which before were driuen away Henry 7. of that name sonne of Henry Count of Luxembourg and of Beatrix his wife was chosen Emperour He was not rich of goods that his father had left him but he was the excellentest Prince of his time as well in prudence as in the glory of praise-worthy deeds From the death of Frederic the 2. vntill the yeare 1308. wherein this man was elected the Kings of the Romanes had not entred into Italie namely Rodolphe Adolphe and Albert and therefore almost all the townes of Italie subiect to the Empire were reuolted After Henry was crowned at Aix he determined to enter Italie to be sacred of the Pope but it was not without great danger for great Ambushes which were laid for a him at Millaine by Guido Turrian See the Chronicles of the Emperours Many Templers of the kingdome of France by the commaundement of the Pope and King for certaine accusations were condemned and burnt without Paris Twelue or nine Articles contrary to the faith were imposed vpon them which notwithstanding Iohn Bocace a Florentine excuseth in his 21. Chapter of his 2. booke of the cases of vnfortunate Nobles Their order endured 184. yeares all their goods were confiscated and giuen to the knights of the Rhodes Others say that the best part of their goods was giuen to the king by the Popes consent Chron. of the French Kings Hermanus saith that
the 46. He had before succeeded Iean his mother in the kingdome of Nauarre Enguerrand de Marigni Count de Longueuille great Generall of the Kings reuenewes being accused to haue robbed the King was hanged and his Image throwne downe the Pallace stayres This king raigned almost two yeares and died in the wood of Vincennes and was buried at S. Denis Iohn Pope 23. of that name French by Nation sonne of Arnold d'Ossa before called Iames de Cahors Cardinall Bishop du Port after the space of two yeares during which time as hath bene touched the seate was emptie for the difference happening amongst the 23. Cardinalls was declared Pope at Lions departing therfore froÌ thence with his Court and comming to Auignon he created 8. Cardinals of the number of which were Cahors the younger his Nephew and sisters sonne and Iohn de Gayete of the house of Vrsins He deliuered into the hands of the Iudge Hugh Gerard Bishop of Cahors after hauing taken from him his Pontificall ornaments hee was disgraced and giuen to the tormentors who put him to death most cruelly Iohn le Maire Phillip le Long 47. King of France and of Nauarre brother of Lewis Hutin the former King succeeded in the Kingdome the yeare 1316. This was by meanes of the lawe Salike He was called Long because he was tall slender During his raigne he could neuer get either of the Church or of the people tributes Impostes or borrowe that which he damaunded Some say that during his raigne the Leapers poysoned the water pits at the suggestion and perswasion of the Iewes whereof followed a great pestilence but the Iewes and Leapers were greatly punished The King determined to make that in all his kingdome there should be but one maner of waight measure and money but he could not bring to effect that which was his will for he died soone after He raigned fiue yeares without hauing any warre and was buried at S. Denis See Emil. lib. 8. and Gogin lib. 7. This Pope Iohn caused to be published the constitutions of the Councell of Vienne called Clementius and sent them into the Vniuersitie of Boulogne vnder a faire leaded Bull commanding they should bee vsed in all Schooles Vniuersities and iudgements from thence forward The Sea of Hist Birger king of Denmarke hauing inuited his two bretheren to dinner with him tooke them and with Irons laid them in prison where they died The same A Prouost of Paris called Henry Carpenel for a false iudgement that he had giuen was hanged on a gibet This Pope Iohn condemned the constitution of Pope Nicholas which was of the order of the Friars Minors and began Exijt qui seminat and forbad vpon paine of excommunication that none should glosse or dispute vpon it See the Decree 6. in the title 12. de verborum signifi Charles le Bel brother of Phillip le Long and sonne of Phille Bel king of France and Nauarre 48. raigned 7. yeares Iohn 23. made a Constitution which beginneth Ad conditorem Canonum against the Friars Minors See the Extrauagants of this Iohn 23. in the title 4. de verborum signifi This Pope Iohn canonized S. Thomas Bishop of Erford and S. Thomas d' Acquine Chron. Euseb Loys Duke of Bauiere and Frederic Duke of Austrich with his brother gaue battaile the one against the other where were slain as wel on the one part as of the other foure thousand horse men Lewis obtained the victorie Frederic was prisoner with his brother Henry Naucler Leopold his other brother came late to the succours See the Chron. of the Emperorus This Pope receiued into the safegard and protection of S. Peter the Carmes exempting them from all subiection of ordinary Iudges to the end they might be subiect onely to S. Peter as his well beloued children and mooued many of them to Episcopall dignitie As Guy de Parpinan Iohn Claran. both of Catalogue and some other Nations For before he was Pope he had a maruellous vision or rather diuellish illusion as he witnesseth in his Bull namely that as the Cardinalls were in a great debate the Virgin Marie deliuered them and made him Pope yet vpon this condition that he should exempt from the paines of purgatorie his good bretheren This Iohn here taught certaine errors and amongst others that soules so soone as they were dispoiled of the body should not see God before the last iudgement For as Masseus witnesseth his father had so taught him being seduced and abused by the visions of a certaine Irish man called Tundalus He sent to Paris two Monkes the one a Iacobin and the other a Friar who preached the same heresie but Thomas Walleis a Iacobin an English man resisted the Pope but he thrust him into prison Thus also did Durand de S. Porcin William Caleth and others He corrected at his pleasure the orders of Churches and changed them and distributed into a certain number the Colledges of the Scribes which for certaine prices writ such Letters as by him would be dispatched He made many constitutions which were called Ioanninies condemned Iohn de Pouilly a Theologian because he taught that men must not coÌfesse theÌselues to begging Friars yet he constrained the Monkesses or Nuns called Beguines to marry and to detest painting He held also for certain articles of the faith that Iesus Christ gaue not to his Apostles any other rule to liue wel but that he gaue to other Christians That the Apostles neuer vowed the vow of pouertie and that vowes serue for nothing to perfection This Pope writ to the Grecians at large that there was but one Church alone whereof he was chiefe and the Vicar of Iesus Christ The Grecians answered him in fewe words We beleeue surely that thy power is very great ouer thy subiects We cannot endure thy extreame pride nor satisfie thy couetousnesse The diuell be with thee for God is with vs. By which breuitie of words they shewed what was the Popes maner of life and estate Iohn de Mandeuile rehearseth it in his 6. booke This Pope declared Lewis de Bauiere to the Church a rebell schismatike and heretike because that after he was chosen by the Princes he tooke the gouernment of the Empire without any oath to the Pope of subiection Hiero. Marius saith thus Iohn pursued with a sharpe hatred Lewis de Bauiere partly because being chosen king of the Romanes by the Princes hee disdained the name and title of Emperour at the Popes hands as Clement the 5. had ordained it partly also because he maintained and defended against him certaine Monkes which hee had condemned as heretikes and therefore Iohn held the said Lewis for an heretike Lewis comming into Italie placed in all the Imperiall Townes Vicegerents as reason required and after came to Millaine and because he desired to appease the Popes rage hee sent Embassadors vnto him euen to Auignon where he resided who demaunded that according to the
Others that they would not pay it and so was there a schisme in the Churches of Almaigne Naucler Petrarke dyed about this time So did Boccace of the age of 62. yeares Abb. Trit Simon de Cassia was in this time and S. Bonauenture whom Gregorie 2. made Cardinall and Bishop of Albe Abb. Trit Amurathes was slaine with the blowe of a Dagger by the seruant of a Christian called Seruianus For that the said Amurathes had slaine his maister Peter de Premonstre hath left by writing that in this Popes time there was a kinde or new Sect of diuellish people as well men as women which without any shame daunced hardely And he said that in the yeare of the Lord 1375. they came froÌ Aix in Almain into Henaut and from thence into France Some said this signified the returne of Pope Gregorie his Cardinals to Rome These thought they daunced in a flood of blood although such as were present with them saw no such thing The common people iudged that these people were ill baptized by Priests which keep whores and harlots and therefore they determined to haue risen vp against the Cleargy to slay them and pill their goods but that God remedied it by the meanes of certaine coniurations that which followeth in the said author The yeare of Christ 1375. the English men and Brytons with other people to the number of fortie thousand and more fell vpon the Countries of Alsarce and Sangania and tooke Cities and Castles and raced them to the ground violated virgins and wiues burned Churches and Monasteries and after many other tyrannies they attempted also vpon the Bernois but a great multitude of them and their Duke were slaine and discomfited by the said Bernois at Frowenbrun the rest were assailed by other Swisses and were ouerthrowne and so they all perished miserably Fascic temp The Emperour Charles sought to stretch out the limits of his kingdome of Boheme partly by siluer and partly by warres and other meanes which was cause that he gaue to Iohn Henry his brother the Countrey of Morauia to the end he might renounce the right he had in the kingdome of Boheme Long time after he also caused the Princes Electors to elect Wencelaus his sonne King of the Romanes Finally after many requests hee obtained that he demaunded the yeare of grace 1376. and gained the Princes which elected Wencelaus King of Romanes being but 15. yeares of age After his coronation he espoused Ihehanne or Iane daughter of Albert Counte of Holland and Duke of Bauiere But the yeare following Charles dyed which was the yeare of grace 1378. and of his Empire 33. Hee was an Emperour worthie of praise sauing that he regarded more his kingdome of Boheme then the publike weale of his Empire For knowing his Sonne should succeede him in the Empire hee corrupted the Electors by great and faire promises the which being not able to accomplish hee gaged vnto them the publike taxes and tributes and brought the Romane Empire into that calamitie wherein it is at this day For the Electors retaine that vnto themselues which should be the Emperours A great number of the poore of Lyon were burnt at Paris in the place de Greue The Sea of Histories The Colledge of Benuais was founded at Paris the yeare 1372. otherwise called the Colledge des Dormans because it was founded by three brethren called Dormans the one was Bishop of Beauuais the other Archbishop of Angiers and the other Chauncellour of France Wencelaus sonne of Charles fourth of that name was chosen king of the Romans beeing but 15. yeares of age at the pursuite of his Father and crowned at Aix la Chappelle with his wife the daughter of Albert Duke of Bauiere and Counte of Holland But this Wencelaus was euil made of bodie and spirit his bodie crooked and of an effeminate courage He was borne at Nuremberge and his mother dyed at his byrth Assoone as hee was made king of Boheme and of the Romanes incontinently he gaue himselfe to all Idlenes and dissolution following his pleasures caring for nothing but to make good cheare And because he vsed great tyrannie in the end the Barons of the kingdom tooke him kept him in prison the space of 4. moneths til he was brought forth by his brother the Marquesse called Iohn but he became no better His subiects then seeing that all the Country was infected with his orders tyrannies whoredomes dissolutions they complained to his brother Sigismond king of Hungarie and he was againe taken and imprisoned in Austriche but escaping out of prison he returned into his kingdome and returned to his first manners The Electors of the Empire often admonished him but hee cared not therefore he was depriued of his Empire at Bopard Baiazet fourth King or Emperour of the Turks the sonne of Amurathes after the death of his Father slewe his brother Soliman traiterously and so alone enioyed the Empire of the Turkes the yeare of the world 5335. after Christes Natiuitie 1373. To reuenge the death of his father he made war against Marke Lord of Bulgaria ouercame and slewe him and so subiected a great part of his Country A little after he ouerranne Hungarie Albania and Walachie and did great hurt tooke many Christians and led them into Thracia prisoners In his enterprises and affaires he was so hotte and so suddaine that he was called Baiazet Hildrin that is to say thunder from heauen He brought vnder as it were all Greece being aided with the goods and graces of nature both in body and spirit He besieged Constantinople by the space of eight yeares Wherevpon the Emperour sailed into France requiring succours which was graunted him yet got Baiazet victorie of the French Hungarians Almaines Syrians and Misians in one assembly against him after hee returned to Constantinople and there was no other meane to conserue the Empire of Constantinople but that Tamberlan who was Lord of a certaine Countrie of East Scythia towards Parthia hauing as it were an infinit number of people put to the sworde in one onely battaile on the Mount Stella where Pompey fought with Mithridates 2. hundreth thousand Turkes and ouercame Baiazet and bound him with chaines of Gold and put him into a Cage of Iron and so ledde him through all the Countreys of Asia and Syria In the which miserable estate the said Baiazet died He raigned twentie and sixe yeares Edward King of England who had so many victories in France died of the age of 74. yeares the yeare 52. of his raigne Charles the 4. and Wencelaus his sonne came into France to accord the French and the English but they returned without doing any thing because of the death of the Queene and her daughter Isabel The Pope Gregorie after he had done all that belonged to a good Pope as Platina saith being tormented with an intollerable paine of the blather deceased the yeare of the Lord 1378. Some say that
Leter de Luna would not refuse to enter into the way of agreement But in place to graunt their request hee sent them towards his Nephewe Loys who remained at the hospitall of the holy spirit as were towards an hangman prepared for them who tooke eleuen of his Citizens which came to consult with him touching the affaires of their Common-wealth which was in perishing by the Popes negligence and put them all to death he after cast them out of the windowes to the ground saying that schismes and seditions could not be otherwise taken away With this crueltie the Romane people being mooued hauing called to their aide Ladislaus or Lancelot king of Pouille tooke Armes for the punishment of that cut-throate Lewis but the Pope to shunne the furie of the people fled to Viterbe with Lewis his Nephewe The people seeing they could not take vengeance of him that had committed such wickednesse fel vpon the Curtezans whose goods were almost all pilled yet some saued themselues in the Cardinals houses which being ayded with their people receiued such as came vnto them although very hardly After the Romanes hauing taken the Capitoll and being seized of the Mount Miluins they assailed the Fortresse of Aebrian but it was lost labour although Iohn Colomne the Count of Troy and other valiant Captaines assisted them vnder the conduction of the King Ladislaus In the end this stirre being appeased the Pope came againe to Rome where he created many Cardinalls amongst which was Angelius Corrairus a Venetian Petrus Philargus of Creete and Otho Colomnus a Romane Gentleman Hauing by this meanes strengthned established his Popedome he created Lewis his Nephwewe Marquis of Pise and after appointed him for the principalitie of Firman This Pope demaunded as well in France as in England the halfe of all Ecclesiasticall reuenewes as Gaguin saith but it was not graunted him After which things he liued not long for the yeare 1407. he died at Rome Diuisions in Religion in the Country of Boheme We haue abouesaid that the Emperour Charles the fourth instituted the Vniuersitie of Prage and prouided it of learned men and as a Prince giuen to Letters adorned often with his presence the disputations made in Schooles But because the Teutonians in that Vniuersitie seemed to carry away the prise and honour there in disputations aboue the Bohemians they were greatly ashamed that straungers should surmount them It came to passe that one of the Bohemians hauing recouered the bookes of Wickliffe communicated them to his companions and they drewe out of them great arguments which the Teutonians could not resist wherevpon many dissentions fell amongst them euen to batteries and murthers The Teutonians seeing this forsooke the place Insomuch that more then 2000. Schollers on one day went out of Prage the yeare 1048. and came to Lipse where they begun an Vniuersitie after leaue obtained Iohn Hus then had the greatest renowne a man that came out of a village called Hus which signifieth an Hen whereof he tooke his name He was of a great and quicke spirit and well spoken beginning to recommend the doctrine of Wicliffe to the people The Bohemians instructed with this doctrine began first to set against the Pope esteeming him no more honourable nor greater then other Bishops or Priests And therevpon reformed the doctrine by the conclusions and Articles following 1 That the dignitie makes not the Priest or Bishop honorable but sanctitie of life and good doctrine 2 That soules seperate from bodies goe right vnto eternall paines or straigth obtaine happie life 3 That there is no witnesse in all the scripture wherby can be proued that there is Purgatory after this life 4 To make oblations and sacrifices for the dead is an inuention of the couetousnes of Priests 5 Images of God or of Saints benedictions of waters and such like things are forged of men against the word of God 6 That the orders of begging Friars were inuented by diuels 7 That Baptisme ought to be administred with water without creame oyle spittle and such pollutions 8 That the Temple of God is the world That such as build Churches Monasteries and Oratories therein to enclose him do enclose Maiestie which is incomprehensible 9 That the ornaments of Priests Chasubles Corporals Chalices Plates Vestments and Aultars are all but vanitie 10 That in vaine we implore the helpe of Saints and that it is time lost to sing the Canonicke houres That fastings merit nothing 11 That the Eucharist ought to be administred vnder both kindes 12 They reiected the Masse and receiued onely the Communion of the supper the word and prayer and many other Articles drawne from the holy scripture Gregorie 12. of that name borne at Venice called before Angelus Corrarius Patriarke of Constantinople and Cardinall Priest of the order of S. Marke was chosen at Rome after the death of Innocent but vpon this condition that if the profit and vtilitie of the Church required it he should giue ouer his Papall dignitie because of Benet 13. named Peter de la Lune who succeeded Clement 7. in Auignon The Venetians tooke of one named Franciscus Curiario Vicar of the Empire two Imperiall Cities Verone and Padua after the said Francis was sent prisoner to Venice where finally he was slaine in prison So after they vsurped traiterously the Towne of Rauenna which was the Romane Churches Patrimonie They sent to summon with great magnificence the Gouernour Hostasius Polentan his wife and his sonne and prayed them that they would come and take their pastime at Venice at a certaine great Feast and solemnitie which was made there But whilest he was at Venice they tooke Rauenna by treason and sent the said Lord his wife and his child into perpetuall exile into the I le of Candie where they died poorely Iohn le Maire Lewis Duke of Orleance comming from the Queenes house about eight of the Clocke at night was murdred at Paris by Apostate people which first threw him off his Mule when he was fallen on the earth an Almaine his Squire fell vpon him thinking to saue him who was also put to death with his Maister Iohn Duke of Burgongne caused him to be slaine who after the case was knowne fled incontinently from Paris and came to Arras riding 42. Leagues that day See the Annales of France by M. Nichol. Gille This Pope Gregorie approoued the Sects of the Monkes of Mount Oliuet and Hieronymites with the congregation of them of Venice which were named of S. George de Alga Benet the 13. beeing in Auignon the king Charles the sixt sent in Embassage towards him the Dukes of Bourgongne of Berry of Orleance to the end to perswade him to giue place to his right for the good and vnion of the Church and that on the other part Gregorie the 12. would do the like Wherevnto the said Benet gaue no answere but left the said Princes without bidding them farewell and retired into
Charles to bee crowned at Rheims passing through the places which the enemies held The English after were driuen from Paris The Taberlites Adamites Orebites heretikes in Boheme were in this time See Naucler Sigismond with the Pope and Almaine banded themselues together to make war against the Bohemian Hussites but they got nothing but were faine to leaue them Naucler Iohn Gerson maintained in this time that wee must rather beleeue the sentence and opinion of one Doctor approoued and confirmed by the Canonicke Scripture then the Popes declaration Item that wee ought rather to beleeue a Doctor well learned in the holy scriptures and alleadging a Catholick authoritie then a generall Councell A Councell began at Pauie but the pestilence became so great there that they were constrained the place and time and was ordained at Pise the yeare 1424. and from thence remitted to Basill seuen yeares after in the yeare of Christ 1430. The Venetians corrupted with store of siluer the Captaine generall of the Duke of Millaine called Carmagnolle a valiant man but a Traitor who stole from the said Duke the strong Towne of Brixe and the yeare following the Towne of Pergamum and their appendances which places King Lewis the 12. recouered the yeare 1509. after that the Venetians against all right and reason had avowed themselues to be right possessors thereof the space of 80. years Iohn le Maire The Pucelle or Maide aboue mentioned called of Orleance borne in Lorraine called Iane did things incredible in warlike affaires for the King of France his succour Finally hauing found meanes by force and subtiltie to enter into the Towne of Campaigne which was besieged making sallies vpon the enemies was taken by Iohn de Luxembourge and from thence sent to Roane to the Duke of Sommer set where hauing beene kept certaine time she was burnt She was accused to be an Enchauntresse See the Annales of France The Pope Martin of the age of 63. yeares died at Rome of an Apoplexie He commanded before his death to assemble the Councell of Basill For in the Councell of Constance it was concluded that from 10. yeares to 10. yeares there should be held an Vniuersall Councell of the Church which was not obserued Eugenius 4. of that name borne at Venice of the order of Celestines called before Gabriel Condelmer the sonne of one called Angelus being Cardinall Priest of the title of S. Clement obtained the Papall dignitie in the place called Minerua as Platina saith by this meanes When Gregorie the 12. who was of the house of Corrariens and Venetians by Nation was chosen Pope being before Canon of the Celestines of the congregation of S. George in the place of Alga he carried with him this Gabriel who was of his profession Henry King of England of the age of 12. yeares was crowned in the great Temple of Paris as King by the Cardinall of Winchester Sigismond went to Rome and was Crowned Emperour by the Pope Eugenius after he had raigned 23. yeares Chron. Euseb At the instance of certaine reporters and flatrerers which said that Martin his predecessor had bene very curious to gather great treasures some brought this man into such a rage that he caused his Vice-chauncellor with all his familiars and Nephewes to be taken and dispoiled of their goods After this the Romanes applying themselues to recouer their auntient libertie crying let vs goe to Armes and hauing driuen away all Eugenius his officers and taken Francis Condelmer his Nephewe or bastard and his Chamberlaine they created new Magistrates which they called Gouernours and had power of death and life ouer all Eugenius amongst so many troubles being vncertain what to doo began to thinke to flie away hauing then chaunged his habit and taking a Monkes frocke onely with a Monke called Arsennius put himselfe in a fishers boate and without that they which kept him perceiued he retired to Ostia by the Riuer Tiber Then when certaine of the Romanes knew that he was fled they assailed him as well as they could with stones and shot From thence he went vnto Pise and after vnto Florence in certaine Gallies which purposely had beene prepared for that purpose Where making his residence certaine yeares hee made sixteene Cardinalls amongst which there were were two Grecians namely Bessaron who was a cunning man in Philosophie borne at Nice and Isidorus of Russia and Guillam de Stouteuile Archbishop of Rouan The Coucell of Basill After the Councell of Constance there was an other held at Basill which Cardinall Iulian began by the Popes commandement beeing forced so to doo by the Emperour Sigismond And because then Sigismond was gone into Italie as is said to receiue the Imperiall Crowne the Italians sought to perswade the Pope to breake the Councell of Basill and bring it vnto them that the Townes of Italie might bee inriched with the great summes of money that should be brought thither and that the Countrey should not bee subiected vnto straungers alleadging for a shewe that Sigismond came for no other cause but to make himselfe Lord ouer Italie Sigismond after his Coronation returned vnto Basill This Councell endured tenne yeares and there the Cardinall Iulian called of S. Angelo was President The Bohemians being called vnto the said Councell with sure accesse and safe conduct proposed 4. Articles wherin they differed from the Romane Church 1 The Communion giuen to the people vnder both kinds 2 That ciuill dominion is forbidden by diuine right to the people of the Church 3 The preaching of the people ought to be free 4 That publike sinnes ought not to be borne if it were but to shunne a greater mischiefe In the said Councell the Bohemians were permitted to communicate vnder both kindes as a thing lawfull by the authoritie of Christ and profitable and healthfull to all such as duly receiued it Vadian Naucler In the time of this Councell of Basill was Papistrie set vp in Bohemia by the great meanes and industrie of Sigismond but incontinently after they came to that they did before Naucler About the yeare of Christ 1436. as saith Naucler or 1438. after others Eugenius would needs transport the Councell of Basill to Ferrara for his commoditie and after vnto Florence his excuses were because the Greeke Church would rather agree there with the Romane Church then at Basill notwithstanding the Councell proceeded against him and he was cyted three times but would not appeare There was against him proposed that he was a fauourer and a louer of warres a persecutor of Church men and a man of bloud and scandalous Naucler In the Counccell of Ferrara were presented the Pope Eugenius the Patriarke of Constantinople and the Emperour of the same place Iohn Paleologus with his brother and fiue hundreth men so was the said Church of Greece revnited with the Romane Church The said Councell was transported from Ferrara to Florence the yeare 1439. The Grecians accorded the holy Ghost to proceed as well
from the Sonne as the Father They agreed also to Purgatorie and the Romane Pope to be the primate of the Catholicke Church which they had neuer done before now but euer were of contrarie opinions But as soone as they were come to their Countrey againe at the perswasion of Marcus Bishop of Ephesus they againe denied the two last Articles Plat. Vola and Naucler It is straunge that the Grecians which haue beene so slowe to acknowledge and confesse so true a doctrine of the holy Ghost are now so quick and light to accord so friuolous and false a thing that is to receiue and beleeue against all holy scripture that there is a Purgatorie and Romane Pope to be Primate of the Catholicke and Vniuersall Church wherevnto the first generall Councell had openly resisted in the time of Constantine the great In the said Councell of Florence the Armenians and Indians were also brought into the vnion of the Romane Church and promised to keepe and maintaine the Sacrament of Confirmation Naucler This Pope Eugenius confirmed Annates vpon all Benefices Hee Canonized S. Nicholas Tolentin of the order of the Hermits of S. Augustine Bessarion Cardinall flourished and his house at Rome was open to euery man of knowledge like a Colledge Vadian Sigismond of the age of 70 yeares died and was buried in Hungarie in the citie called Albe His wife Barbara was without all religion and without God insatiable in all paliardize and whoredome Shee mocked her damzels because they fasted and prayed saying they must liue iocondly and merily and take all their pleasures during this life for after death the soule perisheth with the bodie The Councell of Basill continued still and proceeded against Eugenius the fourth who after many times cyting and not appearing was publikely deposed by the authoritie of the Councell the tenth of Iuly Eugenius mooued herewith incited the Dolphin of France who after was called king Lewis the 11. to lead a great Armie in to the Countrey of Ferrara and Alsarce and to come to Basill Wherefore the said Councell brake vp and herevpon came many mischiefes See Naucler Albert the fift of that name Duke of Austrich and second king of the Romanes of that name sonne of Albert the fourth Duke of Austrich was scant 10. yeares olde when his father died of poyson fighting against Iosse Marquesse of Morauia but being yer vnder Tutors which were his vncles there was great strife betwixt them for his tutelage Therefore Vienna and all the Countrey of Austrich endured great calamities till Albert came to age and was dispatched of his tutelage and planted a peace in Austrich which was before full of theeues and of Intestine warres After the yeare 1422. he espowsed Elizabeth the doughter of Sigismond and had with her in marriage the noble Townes of Maruia But after the death of Sigismond he was chosen king of Hungaria by the consent of all the principall of the Countrey and Crowned the yeare of grace 1438. After this he was also made king of Bohemia and that came because there was a great alliance betwixt the Kings of Boheme and the Dukes of Austrich whereby they had ordained betwixt them that whensoeuer one of the houses remained without heire-male of the other they should create a king He was also chosen king of the Romanes by the common accord of all the Princes Electors The yeare 1459. the 17. day of Nouember in the Councell of Basill after the deposition of Eupenius the Cardinalls elected Amedeus of Ayme Duke of Sauoy and called him Felix the fift so came into the Church the 23. schisme and diuision which endured the space of sixteene yeares Some followed Eugenius others Felix some said they were newters and so obeyed neither one nor the other The Kings of France England Spaine Scotland obeyed the Pope Eugenius For although he was deposed yet held he good during his life This Councell of Basill assembled with great authoritie was notwithstanding dissipated and broken by one onely Pope That of Constance deposed three and ordained the fourth This could not bring about to depose one Fasci Temp. In the Councell of Basill it was forbidden that secular Princes Councellors and Communalties vpon paine of excommunication should not bee so hardie to greete and submit the Churchmen with tallies and common collection Fasci temp Augustine of Rome was condemned an heretike in the said Councell and there was confirmed the Conception of the Virgin Marie to bee kept as a solemne Feast But to the contrarie see Epiphanius in his 3 Booke and 12. Tome 68. and 69. heresie See also S. Bernard in the Epist 154. to the Canons of Lions The said Councell then confirmed that the Virgin Marie was conceiued without originall sinne it also confirmed her visitation In this time was a Councell held of the French Church at Bourges in Berry and there was published the pragmatike sanction which is all the marrow and substance of the Canons of the Councell of Basill to bee expresly obserued for euer Iohn le Maire The Duke Aime of Sauoy after the death of his wife Margarite of Bourgongne had left his Ducall estate and withdrew himselfe into an hermitage pleasant and delightfull called Ripaille vpon the Lake of Lansanne which he had caused to bee sumptuously builded and so left the gouernment of his signiories to his eldest sonne Lewis father of Duke Phillebert of Sauoy Beeing then in his said place of Ripaille the said Duke Anne with tenne knights all hermits wearing great beardes and simple cloathing and writhen staues full of knottes in great renowne of sanctetie of life was by the said Councell elected to be Pope as is said the 17. of Nouember the yeare 1439. and the 17. day of December the election was denounced vnto him and he went vnto Basill and was there solemnly crowned in the presence of two of his eldest sonnes Before this ceremonie his Beard was taken from him and in a small time he learned the Romane office He created some Cardinalls of great estimation and vertue Iohn le Maire The Emperour being called to goe into Hungarie sound himselfe greatly tormented in the moneth of August with an intollerable heate which hee thought to haue taken away by colde viands which brought to him a fluxe of the belley euen to bloud whereof he died the yeare 1439. nigh Strigoma after hee had beene Emperour almost two yeares Hee left two daughters and his wife with childe who soone after brought forth Ladislaus Frederic Duke of Austrich after Albert was Emperour of Rome He loued peace and rest restrained and brideled easily them of Austrich which stirred strifes and commotions So extinguished he the warre alreadie commenced by Matthias king of Hungarie by agreement with him Likewise this Frederic making warre against the Flemmings to haue his sonne Maximilian whom they detained prisoner appeased and contented them by the punishment of some and so taking and receiuing his
sonne Maximilian he gently buried all occasion of warre commenced Hee was crowned at Rome his wife Helenor which he espoused at Naples in king Alphonsus his Court. At his departure from Rome he went to Naples vnto the said king Alphonsus his wiues nigh kinsman of whom and after of the Venetians he was entertained with great honour and prouision and so euer after hee loued the Venetians He would often say to his wife vnto whom her Phisitian counselled to drinke wine to auoyd barrennesse that he could better loue a sober barren woman then one fruitfull giuen to wine Naucler Chron. of the Emper. Printing inuented The noble Art of printing with Letters made in Brasse was found out in this time a verie diuine inuention worthy of memorie and admiration yet were it more admirable if it were not so much prophaned The inuention was Germanike and very straunge at the beginning and of great profit Iohn Gutemberge Knight was the first Author of this goodly inuention The thing was first assayed at Magunce 16. yeares before it was divulged in Italie One saith that Iohn Faustins called Gutman inuented it with Peter Sheffer Eun. 10. Dionysius Charthusianus in this time writ vpon Daniel The Pope Engenius retiring from Florence came and dwelt at Rome where he was welcomed because hee diminished their tallies and subsidies Naucler The Swisses except Berne and Soleure made warre against some of their Allies called in Latin Duricenses because contrarie to their alliances they ioyned with the Dukes of Austrich and the said Swisses obtained victorie against their said Allies Naucler Foure thousand Swisses were put to death against the Armie of the aforesaid Dolphin which was of 25. or 30. thousand horsemen besides footemen and was ouerthrowne nigh the Hospitall of S. Iames by Basill The said Dolphin hauing wasted the Countrey of Alsarce returned with great losse of his Campe. The yeare of Christ 1444. on S. Martins euen the Turke Amurathes gaue battaile against the King of Polone Vladislaus and the Cardinall Iulian who was president in the Councell of Basill The said Iulian the Apostolike Legatein Hungarie fled after the battaile was lost but as he let his horse drinke he was perceiued and knowne of the Hungarians who slew him thinking he had had much money about him and hauing dispoyled him they left him naked See Naucler This Legate vppon the exhortation of Pope Eugenius councelled the King Vladislaus to breake his faith with the Turke and to assaile him in his Countrey the which hee did with 30000. combatants all which vnluckily perished in that warre whereof rose infinite mischiefes and carnall and mortall warres throughout all Christendome The King fell from his horse had his head cut off which was carried on a Launce throughout all the Countrey The bloud of many Princes and Prelates was shead Two Bishops were cause that the Chrstians lost the victorie For beeing willing to pursue the Turke they kept not the places which they had in charge In so much as the Turkes as it were vanquished returned againe into battaile and entred into the Christians Armie Iohn Huniades fled from the battaile with a great number of people to the number of tenne thousand Hungarians Francis Caldemonio a Cardinall of Venice Nephewe vnto Pope Eugenius the fourth being Legate and chiefe of the Armie by sea ordained to keepe the straight of the Arme S. George that the Turkes should not passe that way to goe to the succours of their people and although he had a great and puissant Armie of the Christians yet vpon treason and cowardise hee let passe through that straight an hundreth thousand Turkes with Amurathes their Prince and which is worse hee vsed not diligence to aduertise the Christian Armie A Carack of Genoua ledde their way whose patron was of the house Grimald and made the said passage vpon a couenant with the said Turkes namely to haue a Ducat for euery head The said Grimald of Genoua Patron went from thence into Flaunders to employ his hundreth and 60. thousand Ducats which hee had gotten but he was consumed before he came there with a Sea-tempest Constantine Paleologue the brother of Iohn Paleologue was the last Christian Emperour of Constantinople and raigned eight yeares Eugenius the 4. died the 20. day of the moneth of Aprill of the age of 64. yeares hee did many good things to the Towne of Rome and in diuers places caused it to be repaired and paued Amurathes the second of that name being Victor did not pursue the Christians after the discomfiture nor shewed himselfe merrie as his custome was being demaunded why he was so sad not reioycing at his victorie Hee answered I would not alwaies thus ouercome Soone after hee dismissed himselfe of his dominion and principalitie and left the gouernment to his sonne Mahomet he after made himselfe a Monke of the straightest religion that was amongst them See Nauclerus Nicholas Pope fift of that name borne at Genes ruled at Rome eight yeares before hee was called Thomas de Sirsone or Sarresane in the signiorie of Lucan Cardinall of Bolongne sonne of a Phisitian Suppl Chron. This Pope in lesse then a yeare was made Bishop of Bolongne Cardinall and Pope of Rome hee was elected the sixt of March and crowned the ninteenth of the said moneth the yeare 1447. yet ceased not the schisme of the Church For still liued Felix the fift of Sauoy who accounted himselfe Pope Nicholas was esteemed a great Theologian In this time writ Laurentius Valla Blundus the Historiographer Trapezontius the Rhetoritian and Theodorus Gaza The King of Fraunce recouered Normandie which the English men held And recouered the yeare after the Countrey of Aquitaine The Sea of Hist The yeare of Christ 1448. after some 1449. Felix the 5. renounced his Popedome and sent to salute Nicholas the true successor of S. Peter so was obedience giuen vnto Nicholas and by that meanes ceased the 23. schisme Then brake off the Councell of Basill which for that purpose was assembled This treatie and composition of that Session was made as Lausanna by many Princes of France Almaine England and Sauoy for the vnion of the Church And this was at the sollicitation of the Emperor Frederic and the request of Pope Nicholas The King Charles the 7. to bring a peace in Christendome caused a Councell to be assembled of the French Nation at Lyons to appease all Iohn le Maire This yeare brought the first inuention of the Francarchers in France Nicholas Pope sent the Cardinalls Hatte to the said Felix appointed him Legat a Latere in Saouy in France and in Almaine This Felix or Ayme de Saouy was of litle stature a deuout man founder of the Monasterie of Rapaille vnder the rule of S. Augustine wherein hee was sumptuously buried Fasci Temp. Whatsoeuer hee said Felix had done and decreed during his Papaltie was ratified and held for good Iohn le Maire The yeare of Christ 1450. the Pope
the sixt of his name alwaies Rome hath bin destroyed by the sixths This was he who for the summe of 200000. Ducats which he receiued of the Turke called Baiazet poysoned Gemen his brother who fled to Rome This is he say I who being willing to maintaine his tirannie called to his helpe Baiazet Emperour of the Turkes against the king of France Charles the eight and sought to make the Kingdome of Naples yea the very Citie of Rome the Frontiers of the Turkes Empire Lewis the 12. as the nighest succeeded to the Crowne of France after Charles the 8. He sent his Armie into Lombardie vnder the conduct of Iohn Iaques Trivulse and of Sieur Aubigny which tooke Alexandria and Pauie so that then Lewis Sforza abandoned Millaine for feare and retired into Almaine The King vpon these newes passed into Italie and made his triumphant entrie into Millaine from whence hee departed hauing diminished the charges of the people and left the said Trivulse as Gouernour Lewis Sforza returned within a yeare after and againe tooke Millaine and from thence being againe chased by a new Armie from France hee tooke his flight towards Nauarre after his comming from whence being pursued by the French hee was taken and led a prisoner into France This king ordained in France that O salutaris hostia should be sung in the eleuation of the Host Friar Hierome Sauanarola of Ferrara of the order of Dominicains preached at Florence He was burnt at the instance and by the commaundement of that monster Alexander Pope the sixt because hee preached against him and his more then notorious wickednesse He composed certaine meditations vpon the 50. Psalme and certaine others See the Booke of Martyrs The Pope caused to bee cut out the tongue and both the hands of Anthonius Mancinellus a learned man because he had written a very elegant Oration against the wicked maners and villainous and dishonest life of him The warre of Maximilian against the Swissers is renowned in this time Batazetes the Turke tooke by force a Towne in Macedonia called Dyrrachium and the yeare after in Morea hee tooke Methone which belonged vnto the Venetians as also certain time before he had vsurped Naupactus in Epire. He also beheaded the Bishop of the said Towne of Methone Italie was greatly afflicted by the Turkes as soone as warre against the Venetians was on a flame Charles after Emperour sonne of Phillip Arch-Duke of Austrich and of Iane daughter of the king of Castile was borne at Gaunt on the Bissext day the 25 of Februarie on S. Matthias day The Marrhans these were Iewes which made themselues Christians fearing to leese theyr goods such are commonly in Spaine and secretly obserue the Iewish ceremonies are reconciled with the Pope hauing with great summes of money acquired his good grace Naucler The Towne of Basill the ninth day of Iune made alliance with the Cantons of Swisse in the Towne of Lucerne And the tenth of August they of Schaffusen made also a perpetuall alliance with the Cantons of the Swisses in the said Towne of Lucerne They of Noremberge were discomfited by Cassimere Marquesse of Brandebourge with great effusion of bloud nigh their Towne King Lewis the 11. tooke the kingdome of Naples vnder the conduction of Sieur d'Augbini Frederic his wife and his sonnes prisoners were carried into France He recouered Bolongue vsurped by Bentiuoli and yeelded it vnto the Pope After in proper person going against the Venetians which vsurped many Lands of the Duchie of Millaine valiantly vanquished them nigh Agnadel tooke Bartholomew Balnian the conducter of that Armie and carried him prisoner into France Hee tooke againe the said vsurped Townes and many others yeelding vnto the Pope such Townes as the Venetians had taken from him The issue of the Pope Alexander was fearefull and with manifest token of the iust iudgement of God and therefore would diligently be noted As on a certaine day he had made readie an exceeding great banket for certaine rich Senators and Cardinalls and had recommended to his sonne Valentin that he should giue wine to drinke vnto one of the said Cardinalls wherein there was poyson put It came to passe that hee that had the charge to deliuer the wine vnwittingly gaue to the Pope of that flaggon wherin the poison was who being of great age was taken with a languishment and grieuouâ paine He had by the space of eleuen yeares and certaine monethes excessiuely oppressed Italie and troubled the world Being then deteined in his bed as Iohn Baleus saith hee commaunded one of his men called Madena which amongst all them of his Court and house was his most faithfull and familiar to goe into his gardrobe or wardrope and to bring him a certaine litle booke enriched with gold and precious stones which was in an Armorie which he specified But this litle booke conteined all maners and kindes of Illusions and Enchauntments of Negromancie whereby the old man thought to enforme himselfe to be certified of the closure and ende of his life The seruant obeing the commaundement of the Pope his maister and going vnto the place specified as after hee had opened the doore he was readie to haue entred into the chamber he sawe a certaine person sit in the Popes Chaire there who was altogether like vnto his maister At the sight whereof beeing surprised with an horrible feare astonishment and and as it were halfe dead without taking the booke ranne backe againe towards Alexander vnto whom he rehearsed what hee had seene namely that in his Wardrope hee found such a Pope as himselfe set in a Chaire Alexander after he had vnderstood the thing and seeing his seruant to be exceedingly affraide suffered him to rest a while After hee did so much perswade him that he returned into the said Wardrope to see if againe hee could finde the said Pope The seruant then being entred found in the said chamber him whom before he had seene and that more is being asked by him that sate there what cause brought him into that place and what businesse hee had there Hee being taken with a sore trembling and as it were out of breath aunswered hee came to take a certaine garment for the Pope At which words the diuell beeing then in the Chaire making an horrible noise siad what Pope I am the Pope But after that those things were reported vnto Alexander his euill began to encrease and death approached A short day after a man apparelled like a Carrier or Lackey came and fiercely knocked at the chamber doore wherein the Pope was deteined sicke saying hee must needes speake with him The doore being opened and hee admitted parley with the Pope all others drew aside and the Pope and hee spake together as two vse to doo in secret causes yet men might see a great and maruellous strife and debate betwixt them two and that the Pope was not content For hee said vnto him How goes
the first of December vnderstanding that the French had bene vanquished at Millaine by the Emperours people and chased out of all Italie which also was not done without his meanes drinking making good cheare hee maruellously reioyced at this newes and herein suddenly died as they say Hee which neuer beleeued there was either hell or heauen after this present life There was a Poet called Sannazarius which made a Distiche that is two Latin Verses of the death of the said Leo which because they seeme to be wel made are set downe Sacra sub extrema si forte requiritis hora. Cur Leo non poterat sumere vendiderat The sence of these Verses is If you aske wherefore Leo could not take the Sacraments beeing so nigh his death the reason is he had sold them before That which is aboue spoken of the taking of Rhodes and of the wonders seene the same day that agreement was made to yeeld the Towne into the Turkes hands cannot accord with that which is spoken of the death of Leo. For it is a certaine that Rhodes was taken by Pope Adrian his successor and was yeelded to the Turkes Anno 1522. An Aduertisement touching a certaine coniecture of the supputation of time It would bee noted in this place that the yeare after the Incarnation of Iesus Christ 161. Paulus Samosatenus beeing Bishop of Antioche began to disgorge his blasphemies against Iesus Christ denying that he was the true and eternall sonne of God Which most daungerous and pernitious heresie of all others was afterward augmented by Arrius and Mahomet and is yet at this day by that Antichrist the Pope Moreouer the Monkes which began as it were the same yeare vnder Paul the first here vnto haue nourished and maintained the same heresie in theyr diuers maners of life and theyr wicked doctrines whilest Antichrist raigned in the Temple of God and dealt with preaching and teaching publikely in the Church namely by the space of 42. moneths or of 1260. dayes which is all one which dayes if wee take them for yeares as they ought adding thervnto the first number of 261. yeares they will come to the yeare 1521. after the Natiuitie of Iesus Christ But that you may vnderstand this secret That yeare was discouered that great aduersarie of God who lifted himselfe aboue all that ws called God or worshipped as God This yeare then that error which so long time had beene mainteined vnder the tyrant of Antichrist began to bee shaken and to fall because the truth and righteousnesse of Faith through the spirit of Iesus Christ were reuealed by the meanes of certaine learned persons For in the said yeare 1521. Martin Luther beeing well fortified by the spirit of God in the presence of all the Estates of the Empire assembled at Wormes confessed and maintained constantly and hardily the true doctrine of our Lord Iesus Christ which the aforesaid heretikes denied And since this confession the true Church of our Lord Iesus Christ hath againe begun to renew it selfe and his kingdome to take and gather more greater forces And the kingdome of Antichrist hath begun to diminish and approacheth his ruine This which followeth is extracted out of the book of Christien Masseus The yeare of the Lord 1515. Frances King of Fraunce receiued of Leo a Iubile that is to say pardons to sell to be published through all France which was also spread through all Christendome This was a bottomelesse depth of all euills for vnder the shadowe of fighting against the Turkes they heaped vp inestimable treasures They which had this charge and commission perswaded the simple people that whosoeuer would giue tenne French soules should deliuer the soule for whom hee gaue them from the paines of Purgatorie For they held this for a certaine rule that God would doo whatsoeuer they would according to that which is said All that you doo on earth c. So that if there had wanted but one farthing lesse then the said tenne soules they said all could profit nothing Such like marchandise displeased many good men and they began to debate this question touching the Popes power whereof the old Bishops neuer heard speake Martin Luther was then in Almaine who then began to cry very sharply against Indulgences against whom one called Iohn Bekins opposed himselfe and they two entered into great disputations and contentions touching this matter Pope Leo the tenth thundred a great processe against Martin Luther and condemned him as an heretike and reiected him from the communion of the faithfull He straight appealed vnto the Councell to come After this Leo commaunded that his bookes should be burnt at Rome and on the other side Luther burnt at Wittemberge his Canons and Popish Decretalls saying As they haue done to me so haue I done to them Thus farre Masseus The rest of this historie you may see in Sleidon Baptista Mantuanus had before exhorted the said Leo to doo his office thus speaking vnto him in the fourth booke de fastis Yet there remaineth many things for thee to doo of great importance holy Father If they be great and waightie thou must enterprise them with great courage But there are there amongst others which are most worthy wherin thou shouldest employ thy selfe and trauell therein The first is warre wherewith Italie alreadie tyred and the fields thereof bedeawed with humane bloud An other is That the Romane Court is infected with a daungerous poison which spreadeth it selfe ouer all Nations Lastly there is a Faith which is oppressed and on all sides offered a pillage vnto all cruell and barbarous Nations All these things cry after thee and demaund succours of thee helpe them for the Commonwealth of Christ staggereth and Faith is sick and alreadie nigh her death Leo hauing gathered a great summe of siluer for pardons which he sold inriched his parents bankers and listed them vp into great dignities Martin Luther a great Theologian began to preach the true and pure doctrine against the hypocrisie of Papists and from thence forward the Popedome ceased not by litle and litle to fall into ruine Francis de Valois Duke de Angoulesme as the nighest and meetest to succeed in the Crowne was King 57. yeares after the death of Lewis the 12. whose eldest daughter called Claudia he married Selim hauing driuen away and after poysoned his olde father because he liued too long was Emperor of the Turkes in the yeare 1510. Vnto this wickednesse he added the murdering of his bretheren and the strangling of his Nephewes He vanquished and droue the Sophie away and in many battailes ouercame the two Souldans Campson Tonombeus with the Mammelus and Arabians hee added to his Empire Egipt and Arabia and tooke the great Caire Afterward returning the into his Countrie an Vlcer engendred in his loynes which still encreasing as a Canker killed him the 7. yeare of his raigne See hereof Munster in his Cosmographie Paulus Iouius and Ritche the first booke Soliman the
onely sonne of Selim aforesaid succeeded him in the Empire of the Turkes Anno 1518. Soliman three yeares after tooke Belgarde in Hungarie which was the Fortresse and defence of the Christians and from thence about other three yeares he tooke Rhodes by composition hauing in his Armie 200000. Turkes and 400. Gallies and two yeares after that he destroyed the Country of Hungarie with fire sword vanquished the King of the Country and tooke Bude But the 14. of his kingdome comming to besiege Vienna in Hungarie with a great puissance he was put backe by God his grace and the force of the Almaines By nature he was hautie and glorious hauing so great dominions and victories Hee pretended that the Empire of Rome and of the West appertained vnto him For he said he was the true successour of Constantine who transported the Empire from Rome and vnto Constantinople His ordinary reuenew is of sixe millions of skutes some say seuen for each yeare and whensoeuer it pleaseth him to make warre he gaineth more thereby then he leeseth because of the great store of siluer he taketh of his subiects He hath more treasure and precious stones then all other kings together as Paulus Iouius saith who also attributeth the losse of Rhodes to the carelesnes and negligence of the Pope Maximilian deceased in Austriche the 12. Ianuary after the obteining of the Empire 27. yeares Charles 5. the sonne of Phillip Archduke of Austrich of the age of 19. yeares was chosen Emperor of Rome the 25. Iune and succeeded his graundfather Maximilian The Pope would haue hindered his election because he was king of Naples and that the kings of Naples were bound to the Pope to denounce that Empire whilest they should be kings of Naples but it was in vaine Zuinglius is called from Glarone to Zurich to read teach Theologie The bookes of Luther are burnt the Popes partakers in Almaine Luther also for his part publikely burnt at Wittemberge the Popes Canon lawe as also a new decree whereby hee was condemned and after yeelded a reason of his so doing The Emperour at the instance of Frederic of Saxonie sent the 6. of March to Luther that vnder his faith and safegard he should come to a Iourney held Wormes whither hee came against the aduise of his friends and entering there the 16. of of Aprill he came out againe the 26. of the said moneth Ferdinand the Emperours yonger brother Prince of Austrich tooke to wife Anne the onely daughter of Vladislaus King of Hungarie and of Boheme the sister of Lewis the last King of the line of Hungarie Luther apposed by Eckins the Lawyer at the Iourney at Wormes constantly maintained the truth The Emperour writ Letters to Princes wherby he declared his aduise that Luther should be abandoned to whosoeuer would sley him He is excoÌmunicated anathematized by Pope Leo. The Sorbonists of Paris assailed him so did Henry the 8. King of England by his owne writing Wherevpon the Pope gaue him the title of Defendor of the Church A Decree at Wormes published by the Emperours Letters Patters against Luther and his fauorites Adrian Pope sixt of that name borne at Vtrict in the country of Holland come from a poore house passed his youth in studie at Louaine norished and brought vp amongst the poore of the Colledge called du Pourcean From a Doctor in Diuinitie and Doyen of S. Peter de Louaine he was called to be a Pedagoge and Schoolemaister of Charles the fift after Emperor Erasmus hauing bene cast off as a suspected person because of the doctrine which after Luther published afterward being sent Embassador towards Ferdinand King of Spaine he obteined the Bishoppricke of Derthuse The Emperour passing into England to goe into Spaine made alliance at Windsore with Henry the 8. to espowse Marie his daughter then of the age of seuen yeares when she should be of full age Iohn Rouchlin restorer of the Hebrew tongue in Almaine this yeare died Rhodes besieged in the moneth of Iune by Soliman Emperour of the Turkes the seuenth moneth following is taken by composition to the great damage and dishonour of the Christians Christierne King of Danemarch Noruege and Snede for feare that for his great tyrannie and ill gouernment he might fall into some daughter of his person this yeare fled into Zeland with his children and his wife Isabel the Emperours sister brought vnto great necessitie We may learne by such examples to feare God his iudgements when hee chastiseth both Countries and Kings for our instruction Charles Duke of Bourbon Constable of France willingly departed partly drawne by the Emperors faire promises turned himselfe against the French King to the great misfortune both of his owne person and of France The bookes of a Phisitian Magician were burnt at Rome some of which were brought vnto Adrian whereof hee made great account and they were after his death founde amongst his secret papers And some thought he came to his Popedome by an euil art Paralip Chron. Abb. Vrsp The Pope Adrian after like others he had persecuted the truth of the Gospell in the person of Luther and Oecolampadius died of a death suspected of poison in September the second yeare of his Popedome Clement Pope seueth of that name a Florentine of the Sect of Knights of S. Iohn of Ierusalem Prior des Cappes succeeded Adrian He before was called Iulius but admonished by his familiar Cardinalls he tooke the name of Clement Functius Some write him the Nephew others the sonne of Leo others his bastard brother of the house of Medices At Zuric there was a disputation three dayes whether the Masse and Idolls should be abolished The 20. of Ianuarie following the Iourney of the Swisses was held at Lucerne where they wholy coÌfirmed the Popes doctrine and condemned that of the Gospell The Swisses in common complained of them of Zuric Bourbon besieged Marceill in vaine from whence hee retired into Italie where he was pursued of the French King who tooke Millaine and in winter besieged Pauie vppon Tesin Anthonie Duke of Lorraine sharpely persecuted such as bare any fauour to Luthers doctrine About the ende of this yeare certaine Countrey-men or peasants of Snabe beganne to rise and rebell against the Count de Loupae their Lord and after their example their neighbours did the like vnder the colour of certaine charges wherewith they complained to be burdened This stirre was after verie pernitious and brought great troubles and effusion of blood A battaile giuen at Pauie betwixt Charles de Lauoy a Gentlemen of the Country of Hainaut the Emperours Lieutenant and the French King wherein the said King was taken in the combat and from thence carried by sea into Spaine Zuinglius agreed not with Luther in an Article of the Supper He said that in the words of Iesus Christ there is a figure such as there is found in infinit places of the scripture
Dauid George knew well that by litle and litle hee should be discouered His Secretaries and disciples were maruellously astonished at his death because they were of opinion he should neuer haue died Although their hope was something maintained by that he had said as after was reported he would againe take life by the space of three yeares and bring to passe excellent things Hee held in his house a state almost royall And for the gouernment of his house and Castle it was well ruled euery one had his estate and office in that family and the labours were so distributed that he had no need in any thing to employ others then his owne In the gouernment of their common good they very strictly obserued three things to the end they might more and more conceale their so pernitious a Sect. First that none amongst them should publish the name of Dauid George Secondly that none should reueale of what state and condition hee had bene wherevpon many thought hee came of some great nobilitie others that he was some great Marchant hauing many factors both by sea and land Thirdly that they should not discouer any one article of their doctrine to any of Basill no not to any Switzer neither should they seeke to drawe any to their doctrine The summe of his accursed doctrine was That whatsoeuer had hitherto bene giuen of God by Moyses by the Prophets by Iesus Chirst himselfe by his Apostles and Disciples is imperfect and vnprofitable to make vs obtaine the true and perfect felicitie and was onely giuen to this vse that hitherto their doctrine might represse men and keepe them vnder as young men and children and so containe them in their offices But the Religion of Dauid George is perfect and hath in it sufficient efficacie and strength to make happie him that receiueth it he being the true Christ and Messias the we beloued of the Father in whom the Father taketh great pleasure borne not of the flesh but of the holy spirit of the spirit of Iesus Christ hauing hitherto beene kept in an vnknowne place for all his Saints to restore in spirit the house of Israel not by the Crosse or tribulations or death as the other Christ but for the loue and grace of the holy spirit of Christ O execrable monster or horrible efficacie of error deception or plasphemies drawne out of the deepe pit of hell In the yeare 1557. many good men mooued with affection to amplifie the kingdome of the Lord through many trauels and perills hauing passed the torride Zone and long time soiourned in the way they fell to inhabit in a Region on the South coast vnknowne vnto our fore elders full of Brasill which before in the yeare 1500. had bene discouered by the Portugales and it was called America of the name of their Captaine and coÌducter Americ Vespucius The Inhabitants the eare very sauage and wilde without any forme of Religion or ciuilitie There it pleased the Lord in this time to erect a Church of certaine French men which one Villegagnon had sollicited and gathered together He receiued theÌ also at the beginning with good countenance and outward ioy seeing his enterprise commended by many notable persons But in the yeare 1557. and 1558. the said Villegagnon gaue sufficiently to know that he was neuer touched with any true zeale or feare of God For after he had persecuted both the Ministers and poore flocke of that Church by many tyrannies and impudent writings with seditious practises he hindred as much as in him lay the aduancement of the Lords glory who after raised vp the Portugales to take the Fortresse which he had builded in the I le by him called Collignyen Valois finding no resistance within because the said Villegagnon being retired into France taken with an apprehensioÌ that the sauage people would eate him had ordained no such company of people as were necessary for the defence of such a place And although in that number there were some valiant and wel experimented in Armes yet for as much as they were accompanied with such as had no knowledge therein and were ill maintained yea pined away with famine and diseases before they would abide the enemies furie they withdrew themselues with the sauage people Therefore was it easie for the enemies to enioy that Castle which had beene builded at the charges of the king of France and with the sweat and trauel of many good people and the Artillery marked with the Armes of France with certaine munitions of warre transported to Lisbone the principall Towne of Portugall in a trophee and triumph of the victorie The French retiring to land receiued the cruel yoake of that sauage people liuing without any forme of Religion a sad and lamentable thing to rehearse By all Histories as well auncient as moderne we my be instructed that Hypocrites and Apostates haue in all times hindred the course of the Gospell Charles the 5. Emperour after he had resigned by expresse Embassage into the haÌds of the Princes Electors the Romane Empire hauing held it about 37. yeares died in his Country of Spaine the 21. of SepteÌber 1558. in a Monastery of S. Iust of the order of the Hieronymies nigh to Plascencia a Towne scituated betwixt the kingdomes of Castile and Andalonsia Ferdinand 1. of that name succeeded him was coÌsecrated Emperor in the towne of Francfort vpon Mein by the Electors and Princes of Almiane with the accustomed solemnities After great and continuall warres by the space of 9. yeares at the instigation and by the practises and meanes of Popes Iohn Maria de Monte surnamed Iulius the third and his successors and adherents as well in Italie Piemont Almaine and France as in the lowe Countries of Flaunders Artois and Lorraine by the Spaniards and French Finally there happening great victories and prises one vpon an other to the ouerthrow and totall oppression of people and subects the third of Aprill 1559. after Easter at a Castle in Cambresis there was a peace concluded betwixt Henry the second of that name King of France and Phillip King of Spaine wherein they promised to yeeld one to an other the landes that were lately conquered They also compounded and agreed of all other controuersies and differances in regard of the Kingdomes of Naples and Sicilie and of the Duchie of Millaine vpon condition of the marriage of the said Phillip with the eldest daughter of Henry which lands should appertaine to the children comming of that marriage By the same treatie of peace there was yeelded vnto Emanuel Philibert Duchie of Sauoy and the principalitie of Piemont which the French had held from his father him more then 24. yeares by the meanes of a marriage betwixt him and Dame Margarite daughter of king Francis the first of that name and the alone sister of Henry reseruing certaine strong places in the said Piemont for a certaine time The yeare 1559. the fift of March the sonnes the sonnes in lawe and
and the Prince vnto the court after stared them prisoners and handled the prince very rigorously On the other side their forces assembled on all sides to ouerrun the realme The king of Spain should enter into Bearne to ruinate destroy the queen of Nauarre and to solemnise the entry of the Estates the prince should haue bene publikely beheaded afterward straigt vpon the conclusion of the Estates the Armies marched to sacke and spoyle such as were suspected and the people were suffered and countenanced to runne vpon all such as were religious to dispatch them with out other Inquisition And to the end to leaue none aliue the King should cause all the Princes Lords and Knights of the order to sweare and seale all the articles of Sorbone sending to the fire without longer proces all such as denied it The Chancelor did the like with such as were of the order d'la longe robe about the court The Parliaments Prelates had charge to do the like with such as belonged to Iustice and to the Cleargie Likewise Ladies honorable womeÌ were not forgotten This being done the Inquisition of Spain entred into France to begin new tragidies But as all things were vpon the point to be executed God cut the strings thereof striking the king Francis with an Apostume in his eare wherewith after he had languished certain dayes he was finally stifled and dyed the fift day of December 1560. hauing only raigned 17. moneths This death ouerthrew the disseines and purposes of the Duke of Guise and constrained the aduersaries of the reformed Church to yeeld some reliefe vnto the faithfull who had that yeare giuen them in mockery the Huguenots because of their night assemblies to muse deuise new subtilties and persecutions whereof we will God willing speake briefly in the years following but yet the Churches in that yeare prospered in all Prouinces with infinite witnesses of God his fauour towards his and of his iudgements vpon his enemies of all estates Some of the Religion were publikely executed in diuers places but for one which died there came a thousand to the doctrine of the Gospell In so much that it was incredible the great number of persons which this yeare and that following forsooke the Romane Religion to come vnto the Christian This yeare Scotland was troubled with a ciuill war by the practises of some which would needs commaund all ouer vnder the colour of maintaining the Romane Religion but they frustrated of their hope and the reformed religion began then to set foote in that kingdome by the fauour and assistance of Elizabeth Queene of England The Queene widowe of Iames the fift died in the moneth of Iune Martin Bucer and Paul Phagius whose bodies had bene buried and burned foure yeares before in England by the sollicitations of Cardinal Poole were established in their first honor and their memorie publikely celebrated the 30. of Iuly The 10. day of Aprill before died that very learned and modest person Phillip Melancton an excellent ornament of all Almaine after whose decease many wicked spirits troubled the Almain Churches which during his life they durst not haue enterprised Ioachim Camerarius a man very learned and his great friend hath described his life The moneth of Ianuary before tooke also from this world Iohn Alasco a Gentleman of Polonia one very affectionate to the aduancement of the kingdome of Chist whose memory is precious in all Churches About the end of the same yeare Emanuel Philebert Duke of Sauoy warred vpon them of the vale of Angrogne and their neighbours professing the doctrine of the Gospell which after assaying all meanes of peace to conserue it offering their Prince all that good subiects should do defended themselues though fewe in number so couragiously and were assisted of God that after many combats they were left in peace which at this present they enioy the fauour of Margarite of France Duchesse of Sauoy amongst other humane meanes seruing them greatly both then and afterwards In the same Countrey of Piemont were seene many prodigious wonders the like in France Austrich Pologne Almain At the begginning and vntill the end of this yeare 1561. the French Churches encreased openly shewed themselues Katherine de Medices Queene mother hauing all affaires in her hand was counselled by the Princes of the house of Bourbon by the Admirall and other great Lords of the Religion by meanes whereof the greatest of the Romane Religion entred into league with them and so made priuie preparation for great troubles and vexations after hapning In the moneth of Ianuary the Princes and great Lords being assembled at S. Germaine in Laye an Edict was made the seuenteenth of the said moneth which on the one side gaue some release and libertie vnto them of the Religion and on an other side curbed and brideled them After the Councell assigned on the ninth day of September following was a conference and disputation at Poissy betwixt the Doctors of the Romane and reformed Churches In that same moneth the Electors and Princes of Almaine being assembled at Neubourge in Turinge to take Councell for maintaining the confession of Ausbourge by them presented vnto the Emperour Charles the 5. Anno 1530. gaue audience about the beginning of February the Popes Embassadors which commaunded them to send their Embassadors vnto the Councel assigned at Trent to effect which they offred for the Pope their M. such safe conduct as was possible to desire The 7. of February the Electors and Princes made answer that they found it strange that the Pope being the cause of all the coÌfusions then in the Church should go about to assemble a Councel to assigne it vnto them whom he had nothing to doo to command that they did not neither euer would acknowledge any soueraigntie to belong vnto the Romane seate yea they were assured that it appertained not vnto the Pope to conuocate or call a Councell And after they had shewed the orders and filthinesse of the Romane Church and that it were good to regard and looke vnto the meanes to procure a generall and free Councel they sent away their Embassadors and after they writ vnto the Emperour Ferdinand that they all with a commoÌ aduise agreed vnto the confessioÌ of Ausbourge afterward they published in an Imprinted writing their causes of reculation against the Councell of Trent These Embassadors went into diuers other places to the same effect but they receiued no good answere o any King Prince or great Lord making profession of the Gospell but especially the Queene of England would not giue leaue to the Abbot Martinengue who was sent by the Pope vnto her to passe the sea to come into England The 5. day of March the Pope caused to bee strangled in the night time in the S. Angelo the Cardinall Charles Caraffe he beheaded also in an other prison the Counte of Palliane and certaine other Cardinalls the next day shewing all their bodies
Countrey but rather to yeeld themselues vnto the yoake of the Inquisition In the moneth of Ianuary the subiects of Iohn Frederick were absolued by the Imperiall authoritie of their oath fidelitie due to their Lord and were coÌstrained to promise their obedience vnto Iohn William brother of the said Frederick This done the siege of Gothe continued About the ende of the moneth troubles began to arise in the lowe Countrey Valencienne was besieged beaten taken and rudely handled by the Sieur de Moircarmes because of Religion The Ministers of the word of God and certaine of the chiefe of the Towne were imprisoned and after put to death The 25. of Feebruary Henry de Bredenrode a Lord of great authoritie in the lowe Countries and very affectionate vnto Religion seeing the peoples heartie desires to haue publike exercise thereof presented a request vnto the Gouernesse in the name of him and his Associates that she might quickly puruey for the affaires as they presented themselues She made such answere as they might perceiue well that things tooke a way vnto troubles and confusions Indeed after certaine goings and commings from words they fell vnto Armes In so much that in the moneth of March there hapned encounters and combats betwixt them of the one and the other party The Towne of Antwerpe sawe it selfe in a maruellous diuision and vpon the point of her ruine but by the prudence of the Prince of Orange who yet was not departed the affaires it remained peaceable for certaine monethes In the meane while the king of Spaine aduertised of those chaunges gaue commission to the Duke of Alâa an olde and subtill Captaine to tame the Flemmings and chastice their heads and principall rulers that therby he might bridle the lowe Countries appointing for him a strong Army of Spaniards which about this time departed by sea and so came into Italy obtaining there a further strength of people which attended them with a good minde to gather booties in the lowe Contries The last day of March Phillip Lantgraue of Hesse a Christian Prince sage valiant and endowed with all the goodly parts required in a great Lord hauing in his life time executed many valiant and memorable exployts and especially for Religion died at Cassel of the age about 63. yeares leauing foure sonnes William Lewis Phillip and George and foure daughters Agnes first married to Maurice Elector and Duke of Saxonie after in her second marriage to Iohn Frederick Anne married to Wolfgang Count Palatin de Rhene Barbara to George Count de Montheliard and Christine to Adolpe Duke of Holsac Two daies after Ernest Duke of Brunswick a Prince fearing God wise couragious and constant and who bore himselfe well in the Protestants warre dyed in his Castle of Hertaberge The fourth of Aprill they of Gothe beeing besieged by the Elector of Saxonie laid hold of the proscripts banished men and the 13. of the said moneth yeelded the towne the Citadell Iohn Frederick was deliuered prisoner vnto the Emperours deputies which hapned the same day and 20. yeares after that his father Elector of the Empire was taken prisoner in battaile nigh Mulberge by the Emperour Charles the fift The Citadell of Gothe was destroyed Grombach and certaine of his complices executed to death and the Elect or Augustus being deliuered from great trouble caused to coine Dollers of siluer with this inscription on the one side Tandem bona causa triumphat At the beginning of May the Duke of Alua arriuing from Barcelone at Genes to goe into Flaunders began to giue order for the passage of his Army About the same time Emanuel Philebert Duke of Sauoy the Bernois to yeeld him certaine lands by them conquered vpon the dead Duke Charles his father after certaine conferences betwixt them they yeelded him three Bailiwickes namely Gez Ternier and Chablais which enuiron Geneua with certaine conditions whereof the chiefe was that the said Bailiwicke should remain in the state they then were in namely with profession and publike exercise of the only Religion reformed certaine moneths after the Duke was put in reall possession of the said Bailiwickes About the beginning of Iuly the Duke of Alua departed Italy with a good armie of foote men Spaniards Piemontois Being entred Sauoy he made a countenance to stay before Geneua but fearing to receiue some shame he entred into le Franche Comte where he ioyned himselfe with certain new troupes conducted by the Court de Lodron and straight marched right vnto Bruxelles in Brabant At his arriual he published the Edict of the Inquisition established the bloodie Councell cut off-infinit heads confiscated the goods of all sorts of people about the end of the moneth of August And in September he sent prisoners into the Castle of Gaunt the Countes of Aigremont and of Horne and to found his bloudie executioÌs that request presented by the principall of the Country to the Duchesse of Parma was declared to be but a coniuration against the Kings maiestie The Prince of Orange the Count Ludouic le Countes de Berge de Hochstrate de Culembourge le fieur de Bredeââââ many other Lordes Gentlemen guests and marchants which had signed or assisted the preachings or carried armes were adiourned to appeare in person before the Duke of Alua within sixe weeks and their goods noted The moneth of September following they were improied in taking prisoners the best they could lay handes on And then began confusion on all sides in the lowe Country About the end of October he begunne the Citadell of Antwerpe In the said time the second ciuil warre for matters of Religion lighted in France and a battaile was giuen betwixt Paris and S. Denis the tenth day of Nouember wherein the Constable was wounded to death and deceased soone after Many Lords Gentlemen and valiant souldiers remained in the field The armie of the Religion drew into Lorraine to gather the succours which the Duke Cassimere led A great deluges of waters was at Verone the two last dayes of October where there were 200 persons drowned and infinite goods wasted and destroyed Likewise certaine other places of Italie were in like maner so destroyed About the end of the yeare the Duke Cassimere with his Armie of 7500. horses and 3000. footemen ioyned himselfe vnto the troupes of the Prince of Conde at Pontamonsson in Lorraine and there was some conference about a peace which succeeded not In the month of Ianuary the Duke Cassimere made many remonstrances in writing to the King and his Councell for the pacifications of troubles in the kingdome of France This seruing for nothing his army set forward whilest the warre waxed hotte in diuers prouinces On the other side Iohn Guillaume Duke of Saxonie brought 4000. Reisters to the succors of the Catholicke Romanes in France The 18. day of the said moneth Phillip king of Spaine caused the Prince Charles his only sonne to be kept in a Chamber as
encreated the rage of the people against them of the Religion And although the Priests in the meane while filled well their powches by such an inuention making the people beleeue that the Catholicke Romane Religion began now to flourish againe in Fraunce yet their deuise was soone after discouered and the tree remained destroyed but euen then when it flourished some said that God had shewed to all mens eyes the innocencie of such as were slaine and that by such a token hee assured his Church that it should not perish as the persecutors pretended but that it should florish vnder the crosse against all hope of men as that Tree florished extraordinarily Moreouer certain weekes after le Sieurs de Briquemald de Caragues excellent men which had done great seruices to the Crowne the one by Armes and the other in affaires of iustice were in hatred of the Admirall and of Religion hanged strangled within Paris in the presence of the king himself his mother his brethren They maintained euen to the last sigh the innocency of the dead Admiral and of them of the religioÌ shewing a singular coÌstancy in their deaths Certaine yeares after they were iustified by the Edict of Henry the third the next king and their names declared honorable as also the before mentioned massacre was coÌdemned disavowed But men coÌtented not themselues thus to haue imbrued the towne of Paris with blood but in like sort were all of the Religion handled at Meaux in Brie at Troys in Champagne at Rouen at Orleans at le Charite at Burges at Lyons at Romains in Dauphine at Thoulouse at Bourdeaux with so barbarous disloyalties and cruelties that scarce our posteritie will beleeue it In few dayes with them of Paris were slain more then thirty thousand persons olde and yong of all quallities men women and children as bookes in Print do shewe euery day The King of Nauarre and the Prince of Conde were constrained to abiure Religion The Parliament of Paris published a diffamatorie arrest and iudgement against the Admirall whose bodie was taken from the gibet and so secretly buried that his enemies could not finde it out Many persons forsooke Religion some vpon infirmitie others vpon despight so that so hard a proofe discerned the false from the true Christians Rochell Sancerre Nismes in Languedoc Montaubon in Querci and a fewe other Townes in the kingdome after diuers consultations maintained themselues and kept the exercise of Religion which put the authors of the murthers and confusions into a new paine as shall be touched hereafter Amongst so many troubles commencements of greater sorrowes a new Starre appeared in heauen as great as the day Starre nigh the Starre Cassiopec of the figure of a Lozenge This beganne the ninth day of Nouember at night It stirred not from the place the space of three weekes It was thought to be like the Starre which appeared to the wise men which came from the East to worship Iesus Christ in Bethlehem straight after his birth This Starre appeared in seuen the space of nine moneths or thereabouts Hereof were many discourses made by diuers learned men Concerning the lowe Countries after the Princes retrait aboue mentioned the waight of the warre fell vpon Holland and Zeland whither the Duke of Alua sent the Captaine Montdragon with twentie Ensignes of Wallons which to the great astonishment of euery one got the I le of Suitbeuerland and constrained the Princes troupes to leuie the siege before a Towne called Tergoes In the meane while the Duke marched with his Armie and the 21. of Nouember tooke and spoyled Zutphen a Towne in Holland And to feare others and drawe them to yeeld the sooner without delay all manner of cruelties were executed by the Spaniards and Wallons in that Towne Frideric de Toledo the Dukes sonne and Lieutenant marched from Zutphen to Narden which is an other litle Towne wherof the Inhabitants at the yeelding of themselues the 30. day of Nouember were so cruelly handled against the rights of reddition and of war amongst people of any humanitie that men might iudge that this sacking and spoyle with that of Roterdam were the onely motiue and cause of the rising of other Townes which then were vpon the point to returne vnder the yoake After the taking of this Towne the Army drew straight to Harlem the Inhabitants whereof determined to defend it rather then submit it selfe vnto the mercy of people without mercy Indeed they bore themselues valiantly and sustained diuers assaultes with the aide of certaine souldiers which were sent them by the Prince and kept good defence vntill the 13. of Iuly the yeare following In the yeare 1573. the Townes of Rochel Sancerre were cruelly handled assailed and bearen by the Catholick Romans but with a diuerse issue As for Rochel being well garded and defended the newes also of the report that the Duke of Anion should be king of Polongne were cause that Rochel was deliuered and obtained peace yea and remained with her priuiledges They of Sancerre hauing beene troubled with an horrible and grieuous famine the space of certaine moneths receiued some fauourable dealing by the comming of the Polonian Embassadors which then came into Fraunce to conduct away their new king These things ended in the moneth of Iuly to the confusion of the Catholicke Romanes which lost more then twentie thousand men before Rochel Some Churches then began to respire and many tooke againe good courage to redresse some portion of so many ruines Warre was also kindled in Holland especially at the siege of Harlem where the besieged men and women executed maruellously their duties but not being able to be succoured oppressed also with famine finally they yeelded themselues the 13. of Iuly at the discretion of Frederick de Toledo who drowned hanged beheaded more then two thousand souldiers The Burgesses escaped death by the payment of a great summe of money which they straight disbursed In the moneth of April before they of Flushing obtained a memorable victory ouer the Army of the Duke of Alua and cast into the sea a great number of Spaniards After the taking of Harlem Frederic besieged Alemar a Towne nigh therevnto resoluing with himselfe to make a goodly butchery of the Burgesses if they could obtaine it But he was constrained to leaue his siege after great losse The Prince on the other side found meanes to obtaine the strong Castle of Rameken and the Towne of S. Gertrudenberghe They of Linchuse ouercame the Nauall Army of the Count de Bossu and tooke him prisoner the 12. day of October whilest Leiden was besieged of the Spaniards The second day of September the Duke of Alua forsooke the lowe Countries making his iourney through the Franche Counte Sauoy and Piemont to embarke himselfe at Genes and so to saile into Spaine carrying with him an infinit bootie from the lowe Countries which he left in great heate of warre betwixt the hands
the promulgation of the Councell of Trent and the constitution of the Inquisition was vrged by the Popes Legate against the intercession of the Senate and the liberties of the Church of France That in England by the treacherous practises of the Iesuites the hearts of her maiesties subiects were drawne from their alleagiance As for the Scots such matters were set abroach euen in the Court that those of the better sort and such as studied for the common good and peace of the realme by the dissention of some Nobles and the Kings youth were banished which vnlesse it were presently remoued it would hazard the estate of their Church and raise warre betweene England and Scotland The miseries of Belgia it being so ouerpressed by the Spanish powers and they euery day encreasing promise no good successe to their Church In Heluetia by the Popes contributions subtilties and the most turbulent preachings of the Iesuites these two yeares haue bene ciuil warres Insomuch that the Bernates imbracers of the reformed Religion should be oppressed by the power of the D. of Sauoy The Churches of Suecia stand wauering whilest the Popish ceremonies are there kept and Iesuites frequent the Court and feare least their perswasions should alienate their King And for Germanie in the which by the care sinceritie of the most mightie Princes the surest and safest harbours are giuen to the Churches the Pope doth what in him lyeth to confound and ouerthrow In Coloine he hath stirred vp such tragedies against that Princely Elector the ende whereof vnlesse it be brought vpon his owne head he hopeth wil be the confusion of all Germanie This Embassage although it was beningly receiued of all the Princes to whom it came yet new disputations troubles arising in France about the death of Alanson the dangers encreased D. Chytreus Georgius Ernestus the last Prince of Henneberge died this present yeare Idem Elias Thacker was hanged at S. Edmonds-Bury in Suffolke and Iohn Copping for spreading certain bookes seditiously penned by one Robert Browne against the booke of commoÌ praier established by the lawes of the realme their bookes as many a could be found were burnt before them I. S. Iohn Lewis who named himselfe Abdiot an obstinate heretike denying the Godhead of Christ and holding diuers other detestable heresies much like to his predecessor Mathew Hamond was burned at Norwich Albertus Alasco free Baron of Lasco Vaiuode or Palatine of Syradia in Poland arriued at Harwiche in Essex and on the last of April came by water to Winchester house in Southwarke where he remained for the most part of his abode Frances of Valois Duke of Alanson attempted diuers exployts in the lowe Countries the issue whereof fell out to his misfortune wherefore feeling himselfe sicke he retyred from Dunkerke towards Fraunce where hee fell into so straunge a iudgement that euen the Phisitians beganne to doubt him for a flixe of blood issued so continually out of his nose and mouth that they were still forced to hold him a Basen whereinto hee voyded the cleare and pure blood whereof he dyed Some say this happend either by his riotousnesse in the lowe Countries or for griefe of the hard successe of his affaires there or by Salcedas meanes that was executed His death weakened the most drowsie heads it brake all the bonds that staied the proceedings of the League and caused it presently to waine at Chalouns Rhemes Troy Dyon and Mezeiuel Historie of France The tenth of Iuly William Nassau Prince of Orange in the one and fiftie yeare of his age was slaine with a Bullet by Balthazar Gerardus otherwise called Serach See Genebrardus This villaine beeing taken aliue confessed that hee was neither set on by the French nor Spanish but did it of his owne minde thinking that thereby hee did God good seruice foorthwith hee was punished with such a death as the qualitie of so hainous a fact deserued Yet a certaine writer of Coloine setteth him downe for a Martyr See Dauid Chytraeus H. Earle of Darbie by the Queenes maiestie was sent Embassador to Henry the third the French King the 30. of Ianuary to inuest him with the order of the Garter Hyperas the eight day of April and Briges which next to Gaunt is the chiefe Citie of Flaunders a little before the Prince of Orange his death in the moneth of May was recouered by the Prince of Parma all former offences forgotten so that they would restore the Catholicke religion of Rome and performe true allegiance to the king of Spaine Assoone as the League perceiued that diuers Townes had made great fiers for ioy of her byrth it was presented to the Pope that he might giue it his blessing auouch it for his and declare it to be for the Catholicke Apostolicke and Romish Church But Gregorie the 13. desiring to shewe himselfe the Father of all Christians and a Pastor and not a dispearser of his flocke considering that the raising of Armes against a most Christian Catholicke king was wholy contrary to the doctrine of the Gospell the examples of Christ and his Apostles and the lawes of policie and state certified the Leagues Deputies that he could not approue their inuentions and to conclude sent them back againe without an answer And not long before he dyed hee said to the Cardinall Est that the League should neuer haue Bull Letter nor Commission from him for hee knew not what they meant and that hee would not serue for a fire-brand to kindle a warre which he could by no means quench In the prime of this yeare the first of April S. Walter Raleigh tooke his voyage for the discouery of that land which lieth between Norembega and Florida in the West Indies and returned in August following preparing afterwards for a second voiage S. H. Gilbert attempted to discouer with intention this country of Norembega to settle an English Colonie there in the yeare 1578. accompanied with a company of Gentlemen of good calling and ten sailes of all sorts of shipping but the iourney tooke no successe for all their ships inforced by some occasion or mischance made their present returne that only excepted where his brother S. W. R. was Captaine who tooke his course to the West Indies but for want of vittailes other necessaries when he had sailed as farre as the Ilands of Cape de Verde vpoÌ the coast of Affrica he was coÌstrained to set saile and returne for England But S. H. G. enterprised the voyage the second time and set to sea with three shippes and pinnases this yeare 1584. in which iourney he lost his life This yeare also S. W.R. encouraged by the reports of his men of the goodnes of the soile and the fertillitie of the country which they had discouered the last yeare past and now by her maiestie called Virginia furnished with 8. sailes of all sorts set them to the sea appointing S. Richard Greenfeeld his Lieutenant enioyning him either to
by reason of the desolatioÌ of the Citie and the smal number of Musulmans Now since such multitudes professe the religion of Mahomet that they need more Churches it is meete that the Christians should yeeld to them After this the Spanish Liedger at Venice wrote that Amurathes had spoyled all the Christian Temples and made them his owne and had commaunded to be done so with them at Ierusalem his anger was so great towards the Patriarke that hee caused him to be bound in chaines to be shamefully carried through the Citie and from thence sent him to Rhodes One cause of his anger towards him was that he vnderstood that he had receiued the Popes new Calender into Greece other Christian churches of the East to the great offence of many An other for that he pronounced a sentence of diuorcement against a mightie man in Greece who the better to be reuenged vpon the Patriarke renounced his faith turned Turke liuing afterwards in Amurathes Court and continually incyting him against the Patriarke Finally when in a Synode it was decreed as the Turke willed that a company of the Grecians shouuld be carried into the Desarts and there erect a Colonie and the Patriark had said it was very hard iniust Theophilus Hieroneonaclus Perachonnius told the Turke hereof who abdicated the Patriark and put Pachonnius in his place who being a rude and vnlearned man after hee had beene in the place one yeare was remooued and Theoseptus succeeded who was inaugurated the yeare 1585. William Carter of London at a Sessions in the Old-bayly was there indighted arraigned and condemned of high treason for printing a seditious and traiterous booke in English Intituled A Treatise of schisme and was for the same according to sentence pronounced against him drawne hanged and quartered I. St. Two and thirtie Seminaries Massing Priests and other late prisoners in the Tower of London Marshall-sea Kings bench and other places were embarked in the Mary Marlin of Colchester to bee transported ouer into the coasts of Normandie to bee banished this Realme for euer by the vertue of a Commission from her Maiestie before specified In the beginning of this yeare at Riga in Liuonia a great hurly burly happened amongst the Citizens about the Popes new Calender which presently burst out into open sedition D. Chytraeus Henry Archbishop of Breme Osuaborge Padeborne Duke of Saxonie the sonne of Frances the elder a Prince endued with vertue wisedome clemencie and learning in the flower of his youth being of the age of 35. yeares was called out of this World Idem Pope Gregorie the thirteenth of that name a Bolonist called before Hugo Boncompagno beeing of the age of eightie yeares dyed at Rome the eleuenth day of Aprill when he had ruled in the Sea the space of thirteene yeares and a litle more This Pope renewed the hatred of his predecessor Pius the fift against the Queene of England and so practised by all manner of meanes one while by force as it appeareth by the great Armada sent into Ireland and had a miserable ende an other while by craft and deceit as was seene in the great traytor Parry and others by him sent who had also miserable end It was the common voyce and fame in Rome that this Gregorie before hee was Pope and also beeing Pope had his concubine of whom hee had also title sonnes which said vnto him such Graces as made him to laugh and beeing Pope such was the grace that Phillippicus his sonne said that the Pope his father gaue him 5000. crownes a yeare M. Cyp. Val. Felix Pereto called Sixtus 5. was borne in a Village called Montalto neare to the Citie of Firmo which is in the Marches of Ancona he was of the order of the Franciscans Cardinall of Montalto In this Pope the common saying of Spaine was fulfilled Rex por natura y papa por ventura A King by name a Pope by aduenture for so poore was his father that hee was a Swine-heard Felix in his childhood was very poorely brought vp but shewing some sparkes of wit a gentlewoman for Gods sake cloathed him with the habit of S. Frances and entreated the Warden to receiue him into his couent where hee studied the liberall sciences and schoole diuinitie and in those sciences hee much profited In the end being now of age he was made Inquisitor In which office such was his carriages as feawe could abide his crueltie and so it hapned that he called before him a Magnifico of Venice who being come hee intreated discourteously inhumanely This gentleman vnaccustomed to hââre such iniuries and disgraces as by that which after he did for reuenge to the L. Inquisitor appeareth stomacked the matter A feawe daies after this Gentleman encountred the Inquisitor and when he sawe him he commanded his seruant with a good cudgell which he carried to abate the fiercenesse of the vnhappie Pereto Felix being thus cudgelled returned to Rome and recounted his mischance to Pope Pius 4. The Pope hereat disdaining sent him backe to Venice with much more authoritie and power then before When hee was returned to Venice hee presented his commission to the Seignorie The Seignory beeing wise and knowing the quarrelous humour of this man and well perceiuing that hee came with a desire to bee reuenged commaunded a Waxe candle to bee lighted and Felix if hee were wise precisely to depart theyr dominion and iurisdiction before that candle were consumed This Felix vnable to doo otherwise returned eftsoones to Rome and complained to the Pope The Pope seeing this man meete for his seruice made him Maister of his Pallace After this when the Spanish Inquisition of all men how high so euer feared and liked of none held the Archbishoppe of Tolledo for suspected of heresie the Pope sent Felix into Spaine to heare this cause The Generall of the Franciscans the chiefe dignitie among them now happened to die This dignitie gaue the Pope whom a feawe yeares after the same Pope made Cardinall In the conclusion when Gregorie was dead Felix by the meanes of his good friends in Spaine was made Pope and called himselfe Sixtus the fift This name he tooke in memorie of Sixtus 4. who was as he a Franciscan Friar M. Cyp. Val. This Pope talking one day of his base birth and parentage saide that hee came from a most illustrious house for said hee the vpper part of the roofe thereof beeing alwaies torne and vncouered the Sunne daily made it most glorious with his beames Anthonius Ciracella de vitis pontificum The Princes of the Empire with the K. of Denmarke sent their Embassadors in the moneth of March to the Emperor at Prage to entreat for the enlargement of Iohn Frederick Prince of Saxonie whom hee held in prison the space of 18. yeares which although the Emperor condiscended to in word only yet he bound the captiue Prince with such hard conditions that he had rather
be a body wounded to death sent their Embassadors to the K. desiring him to open his eyes to the teares his eares to the complaints of his poore subiects to heare the requests of his neighbours for his owne good the quietnes and honor of his faith his name and reputation The K. answered that he knew what was necessary for himselfe and his subiects that according to the cause and for their good and tranquillitie he had made and changed his ordinances as all Princes in Christendome vse to do and that for his part hauing the feare of God the loue of his subiects liuely ingrauen in his heart hee would do nothing against the honour of his conscience nor the fatherly care he had of his people With which answere they returned not well pleased This yeare Augustus Duke of Saxonie one of the Princes Electors new come from hunting suddenly died being of the age of 60. yeares and was buried at Friberge Genebrardus There died likewise at the same time Margarite of Austria the base daughter of Charles the fift and mother of Alexander Duke of Parma and Gouernour of Belgia Charles Count Palatine married Dorithie the daughter of William Duke of Brunswick at Cella D. Chytraeus On the fourth day of Iune L. Edward Earle of Rutland went Embassador into Scotland for a ratificatioÌ of a firme bond of peace betweene Elizabeth Queene of England Iames the sixt K. of Scots vpon certain causes necessary and important which was confirmed at Barwicke the 19. of Iune where the Embassadors of Scotland were likewise present I. Vowell The 16. of Iuly not farre from Barwick the borderers of both the Nations of England and Scotland assembled to determine for recompence of all such iniuries as each people offered to other at what time the Lord of Fernhurst Warden of the Scottish borders Iames Steward Earle of Arrane then Chauncelor and Syr ãâã Russell Knight Lord Russell and Syr I. Forster Knight Warden of their middle Marshes came with their company When the Wardens were set vpon the bench there did suddenly arise amongst the people a contention whereby followed at the first some small fray which beeing perceiued by the Lord Russell hee arose from the bench and called for his horse who meaning to appease the matter went amongst the prease at what time a certaine number of shot comming on him he was suddenly but most vniustly slaine with a peece amongst the rest discharged against him by a Scot borne about that place suspected by the most to be the Lord of Fernhursts brother The losse of which noble Gentleman being of so great a hope was much lamented and that especially for his vntimely death so iniuriously by the Earle of Arrane as the common report went procured and so suddenly performed hee in the 35. yeare of his age did bereaue the Realme of England of a goodly young person well stayed in gouernment bountiful wise and vertuous whose death happened the day before that his honourable father the Earle of Bedford departed this world I. Hooker Fourteene thousand Heluetians who were Catholickes and commaunded to appeare by the King of Nauarre went to the aide of the holy League but before they tooke their iourney they all receiued the Sacrament and swore that they did beare Armes onely for the defence of the Catholicke faith but if the king shuld be found to do any fauour to the Heluetians they promised to lay downe their weapons and returne Anth. Cicarella A Parliament was held in Nouember both for the continuing of the defence of the lowe Countries against the King of Spaine and as for the determining of the treacherous practises of the Queene of Scot shee was forthwith conueyed to Foderinghay Castle in Northampton Shire which sometimes belonged to the Dukes of Lancaster where being tried by the Nobles of the Realme shee was found guiltie and afterward beheaded She was crowned Queene of Scots when she was but 18. moneths old and after in the sixt yeare of her raigne called into France where at 15. yeares she was married to Frances the second then the Dolphin of France being 14. yeares of age with whom she liued three yeares After whose decease she returned into Scotland and was married to Henry Arlye at the age of 22. by whom she had one onely sonne Ieames the sixt now king This husband dead she was married the third time to the Earle of Bothuell who died in prison after this she liued 18. yeares in England Genebrardus Gulielmus Gonzaga Duke of Mantua departed this life whom his onely sonne Vincentius succeeded being of the age of 25. yeares Idem Syr F. Drake returned out of America came into Zeland the other fleete went towards India who tooke two ships out of S. Thomas I le and the Gouernour thereof The one of them perished the other was brought home a rich prize This yeare at Zutphen in Gilderland S. Phillip Sidney Englands Mars and Muse was shot in the thigh with a Musket whereof he died His body was conueyed into England and honourably buried in Powles I. Vowell Frederick king of Denmarke sollicited by the king of Nauarre for aide against Guise sent his Embassadors to Henry king of France who should entreate that the peace of the reformed Religion graunted before by the king and confirmed by oath might bee kept with the king of Nauarre and his followers D. Chytraeus At Augusta after the superintendent was cast out the estate of the Ministers of the Church waxed euery day worse For after that the Gregorian Calendar was receiued of them the pontificall Magistrate assured to himselfe authoritie and right of choosing and calling the Ministers of the Church which priuiledge the Elders and Gouernours of the Church had before with the Ministery held it by the authority of the Emperor who sent Commissioners to that end into the Citie But when the Ministers of the Church would not agree to them they were all commanded to depart the Citie before Sunne set and others of the same confession were called from Noriberga and other places and substituted in their places Whom when the people could not heare nor vse their seruice the pontificall Magistrate besides the garrison that was alreadie in the towne brought more souldiers thereby to terrifie them and bring them to obedience D. Chytraeus Iulius Bishop of Wurtzeburg began to vse great crueltie towards them of the confession of Augusta in his Diocesses banishing many of them and constraining them to sell their goods in so short a space that they left the third part to him William Lantsgraue of Hesse his neighbour disswaded him from this crueltie but following the example of Balthasar Abbot of Fulden who greatly persecuted his subiects vnder the praetext of Religion hee not only incurred the hatred of all men but was depriued of all titles and dignities Idem This yeare vpon the 27. of September Stephen Bathorus King of Poland Prince of Transiluania
raised by the Duke of Parma in all this space the Pope sent no succour to the confederates Anth. Cicarrella Phillip K. of Spaine was much displeased with the Pope for that he would not aide the confederates nor excommunicate those Princes and Prelates which followed the K. of Nauarre The K. therfore vrged that there might be a protestatioÌ made therof against the Pope But the Pope iustified his cause before the Cardinals shewing that hee alwaies behaued himselfe vprightly in the French affaires wherfore certain Cardinals were appointed who should vnderstand both the causes of y e Popes and the kings so that no protestation might be made A litle before some difference hapned between the Pope and Count Oliuer the kings Embassador for that cause the K. sent the D. of Soisson for the French businesses but what time this Legate came he was fallen very sicke so that no conference was had about so waightie a cause Anth. Cicarr This Sixtus was very couetous for he sold many offices which before were giuen gratis When newes came to him Rome of the King of France his death he made a solemne oration in the Consistory of Cardinals the 11. of September 1589. where he not onely compared the treason of this cursed Iacobine Friar with the act of Eleazar and of Iudith but said also that it surpassed theÌ Of Eleazar is made mention 1. Machab. 6. who seeing an Elephant more mightie then the rest armed with the Armes of the king supposing that King Antiochus was vpon him to deliuer his people and purchase eternall glory he aduentured himselfe and ranne couragiously to the Elephant through the midst of the squadron killing on the right hand and on the left and all sides throwing downe vntill he came vnder the Elephant and placing himselfe vnder him slew him the Elephant fell to the ground vpon him and there he died Iudith cut off the head of Holophernes The warre that Antiochus and Holophernes made against the people of God was most vniust the war which H. the 3. made against the League which had coÌspired against him to kill him was most iust so that herein was he no tyrant This Pope likewise not thus satisfied forbad that any obsequies honors accustomed to be made for the dead should be made for him and commaunded also that they should nor pray for him M. Cyp. Valerian This yeare in the moneth of Aprill the Queene of England commiserating the wrong of D. Antonio the exiled King of Portugall sent a well appointed Nauie to Vlisbone vnder the conduct of Syr F. Drake and Syr I. Norris Where they tooke many Spanish ships richly laden with all manner of Marchandize TheÌ landing their souldiers they tooke Cascais a neighbouring Towne to Lisbone and a Suburbe But the plague encreasing in their ships they went no further but returned for England and by the way forbidden the coasts of Germanie by reason of their contagious sicknesse many of them died miserably This Pope through the deuotion request of the most Catholicke K. of Spaine ordained to bee made the processe of the miracles of Friar Lewis de Beltram in Aragon one of the order of the Friars of S. Dominicke to put him in the number and Catalogue of the Saints M. Cyp. Val. William Tedder and Anthony Tirrill Seminary Priests recanted their erronious opinions at Pauls Crosse This yeare in Italy fell such store of raine as neuer was remembred the like before And at Rome was a great aboundance of waters that Tybris could not be held within his bounds but twise breaking forth so ouerflowed the Citie that they went vp and downe the streetes in boates At Venice which containeth in circuite 8. Italian miles 25. Ilands Parishes 62. Monasteries 41. and 400. common bridges which euery yeare receiueth onely out of custome and toll twentie hundred thousand Ducats which is a Citie in the midst of the Sea built vpon piles without walles most famous throughout al the world the Adriatique Sea did so arise that the chanels of the citie with the abundance of the water fallen did so rage and swell that they had no other thought but the whole Citie would haue bin drowned Genebr After this followed a great dearth Cicar Anne the sister of ChristiaÌ the 4. K. of Denmarke daughter of Frederick the 2. is married to Iames the 6. K. of Scots D. Chytr In the higher Germanie Iohannes Starmius Rector of the Vniuersitie of Strasbourge a very learned and studious man departed this life the 92. yeare of his age Idem Pope Sixtus the first yeare of his Popedome laid vp in the Castle of S. Angelo tenne hundred thousand Ducats with this decree that no part of this treasure might be expended or errogated vnlesse it were in the recouery of the holy Land or a generall expedition against the Turke and not then till the Armies were ouer the Sea and vpon the Turkish shore Or that there were such an exceeding dearth scarcitie or pestilence or some Christian Prouince were in distresse or like to fall into the hands of the Infidels and enemies of the Church which cannot be recouered without money Anth. Cicarrella Frances Ket M. of Art of Wimondham in Norfolke was conuented before Edmund Bishop of Norwiche for holding diuers detestable opinions against Christ our Sauiour and was therefore burned nigh the Citie This yeare died Iohannes Sturmius in high Germanie being of the age of foure score and two yeares hee was Rector of the Vniuersitie of Argentine a very learned and religious man In the same yeare and for the same vse the Pope laid vp tenne thousand Ducats more for the recouerie of some kingdome in the possession of the enemies of the Church of Rome to these two treasures he added thirtie hundred thousand more so that after his death were left about fiue Millions 1.500000 Crownes Anth. Cicarrella In the moneth of Ianuary the marriage of the king of Scots to Anne the daughter of Fred. the 2. was solemnized with great and royall pompe at Crouebourge Genebrardus All Saxonie this yeare was in quiet In the beginning of March the Duke de Maine with all his troupes came to the Riuer of Seine therby to passe ouer the bridge of Mante whereof the king being aduertised prouided for his affaires and the 12. of the same moneth he set forward to meet his enemies and at Yurie he did many notable exploits and had the victorie Of the horsmen there were about fifteene hundred slaine and drowned and about 400. taken prisoners Amongst the dead was knowne to be slaine the E. of Egmont who was Colonell of the troupes sent by the Duke of Parma one of the Dukes of Brunswicke Chastegueray with others More then 20. Coronells of horsmeÌ was at this time wonne by the K. among the which was the white Cornet the chief standard belonging to the Spanish Generall and to the Flemings the Cornet of the Rutters and more then 60.
were now exposed to the spoiles slaughter of all Sigismond Prince of Transiluania repented him of his change of life and that he had giuen vp his gouernment wherfore he came out of Silesia through Poland into Transiluania and desired of his subiects that their oath of alleageance to him might be renewed and perswaded Maximilian Arch-duke whom the Emperour had made Gouernour of Transiluania that hee would lead his forces against the Turkes towards the recouerie of Agnia then against Transiluania Vpon the fourth of August Syr William Cecill knight of the Order Lord Burghley Maister of the Wards and Liueries high Treasurer of England a famous Counsellor to y e Queenes Maiestie all her raigne and likewise had bene to Edward the sixt who for his singular wisedome was renowned throughout all Europe departed this mortall life at his house by the Strand his body was conueyed to Westminster with solemne Funerall and from thence secretly to Stamford in Lincolnshyre and there buried I. Stowe The second of October George Earle of Comberland returned from the Seas hauing made spoile of the strong Towne and Castle of S. Iohn de Portanoico in Spaine This yeare died Phillip the 2. king of Spaine being of the age of 72. yeares Pope Clement the 8. created 13. Cardinals amongst whom was Robert Bellarmine Iesuite Phillip the 3. the sonne of Phillip the 2. succeeded his father in the kingdome of Spaine Hee tooke to wife Margarite of Austria And Albert Arch-duke of Austria married the Infant of Spaine the kings sister Both these marrriages were celebrated by the Pope Clement the 8. at Ferrara The 7. of February the right honourable Charles Blunt Lord Mountioy hauing taken his leaue at the Court departed towards Ireland as Lieftenant there Souldiers out of diuers Shyres were sent before him and also after him in this moneth of February This yeare Richard Lord Bishow of London with two other Commissioners to wit Doctor Perkins Doctor Swale were sent in Embassage to Emden there to treat with the Commissaries from the King of Denmarke and returned the eight of Iuly following On Tuesday the 5. of August Charles Iames king of Scots in Scotland escaped a straunge and strong conspiracie practised by the Earle Gowrye and his brother About the 8. of August arriued at Doner certaine Embassadors and assistants 16. in number sent from the king of Marocco in Barbaria I. Stowe The 18. of September certaine Embassadors came from Moschouie or Russia and the 14. of October the said Embassadors rode to the Court and had audience before her Maiestie FINIS A briefe Discourse of the Churches estate from the death of Iesus Christ vntill this present ALl which hath bene succinctly said in this booke touching the estate of the Church should remember the Reader of three diuers times in the consideration of the gouernment of the house of God the better to marke things as they came and to haue thereof a certaine abridgement in his memorie We take the first time of the Christian Church from the beginning of the Apostles preaching vntil the Empire of Phocas which is ordinarily distinguished into three periodes 1. The first of about 70. yeares from the Lords Ascention vntill the death of the Apostles and of their first Disciples 2. The second began at the Empire of Traian and stretched by the space of 200. yeares vntill Constantine which time also was honoured with the presence of certain of the Apostles Disciples other excellent Pastors of the Church and faithfull Martyrs of Iesus Christ 3. The third froÌ CoÌstantine vntil Phocas which is the last periode of the first time of the Church about 300. years during which the Church had many great Doctors Greeks Latins As for the first periode of the first time it is very certaine that neuer Christian Church was more happie theÌ during that time whether we consider the doctrine taught by the Apostles and their first successors or wee contemplate all the parts of the Ministerie and of the Ecclesiasticall discipline Now for the doctrine we haue by a singular grace of God the Apostles Epistles whereby it is easie to gather a body and summary of all that which euery ChristiaÌ ought to know touching his saluation And that which is more if they which came after the Apostles had continued to build vpon the foundation which they had laid the Church had remained in his first spirituall splendor and brightnesse the simplicitie then being such and so great in doctrine in the maner of teaching and in ceremonies that the sheepheards and sheepe were altogether eliuated vnto the heauenly Father through Iesus Christ liuing moreouer in such charitie concord as truly this world might be well called the golden world For although that in the Apostles time and their next successors there rose vp certaine mutinous persons to trouble the happie rest of the Church this hurt not much the maiestie of the spirit of God discouering it selfe in such sort in the preaching of the Gospell that all the world was constrained to acknowledge in this infirmitie of the seruants of God an admirable efficacie to biing all wisedome and humane power captiue vnder the obedience of Iesus Christ True it is that alreadie Sathan thought vpoÌ his affaires and brought forth his practises with greater force then euer before building his Sinagogue nigh vnto the Church For euen when the Apostles themselues liued certaine Iewes and Gentiles making the same profession of Christianisme fought against Iesus Christ in diuers maners as S. Paul his Epistles doo witnesse And what diligence soeuer the seruants of God vsed to eradicate and root out the tares which the enemie did sowe yet remained there the seedes thereof in the bosome of the Church during the periodes following God meaning to humble his and to shewe them that truly they had and would alwaies haue cause to fight in this life but that the triumph therof was reserued for the other world For as for the strength of the persecutors since the Apostles time it hath alwaies shewed it true that the bloud of the Martyrs is the seede of the Church But let this be said in a word onely to awake the Reader and to prepare him to a diligent meditation of the Ecclesiasticall historie Now something is to be said of the second periode of the first time The Apostolike men armed with the vertue and power of y e Lord maintained constantly the truth amongst all the tempests and stormes of persecution and in despite of Gentilisme of diuers heresies which boldly began to left vp their heads In so much that great maruel it was that so soone after so great light men should see the East in many places couered with so deep darknes many goodly Churches ruinated and the doctrine of saluatioÌ transported otherwhere Yet the greatest euil was in the bowels of the Church it selfe many Pastors wherof not being so attentiue as of reason they shuld
touching the Eucharist generally receiued 245 Elutherius Bishop of Lyons and his dreames 78 Eugenia daughter of Phillip king of Alexandria martyred 76 Eutalius Priest cause of the 4. Schisme 137 Euaristus B. 30. Martyred Ibid. Elutherius Pope 43 Eutichian K. of Rome 71 Eutychians and Arrians reiected from Constantinople 79 Exarches in Italy 176 Exarches cease in Italy 211. Is giuen to the Pope 218. asked againe by Constantine Excommunication conuerted into abuse 257 Excommunication written with Inke mingled with wine in the Challice 239. For temporall goods 329 Exorcists 91 Eusebius Bish of R. 18 Euerguacenes 143 F FAbian Bishop and his election miraculous 56 Martyred with his wife Darfosa Ibid. Fable of the Stigmates of S. Frances 389 Fausta maintaineth her husband Costantine in superstition 100 Faelix Bishop and his Decretalls and martyrdome 82 Faelix Bishop of Rauenna hath his eyes put out 202 Faelix and Elephandus condemned for heresie which they repent 226 Faelix 5. renounceth the Popedome 480 Ferrara vsurped by the Venetians 110 Feasts denounced to the people 93 Feasts of all Saints instituted 112 Feasts of the Sacrament called Feste Dieu 121. Confirmed 149 Fastings 139 Feast of the speare and nailes Feast of the transingration Feast of dedication 716 Festus gouerneth Iudea 19 Flagellers or whippers 117 Flaunders made a Countie 290 Flower-delyce of France 426 Forbidding to eate flesh annathenized 235 Florentines buy their libertie Florentines interdicted 440 Absolued by Vrban the 6. 446 Florian brother of Tacitus 70 Vsurped the Empire and is slaine Ibid. Florus mooued the Iewes to war 18 Fraunce followeth the fashion of the Romane Masse 207 France diuided into certain kingdomes 197 France agreeth in their Ecclesiasticall singing with the Romanes 256 Frances Dandalus D. of Venice 425 Frances Curiario Vicar of the Empire taken of the Venetians and slaine in prison 452 S. Frances canonized 383 Frances Petrarke 420 Fratricelli condemned and persecuted 384 Fredegunda sleyeth Chrisperic 203 Fredegunda flaine in the Church Ibid. Frederic Barbarossa goeth into Italy 329 Hee is excommunicated of Alexander the third 344 Felix Bishop of Rome 71 Formosus Pope 258 Ferdinand 1. 554 Frederic Barbarossa is surprised by the Souldan and set at libertie 273 Troden vnder foote by Alexander the third 348 Frederick the 2. declared an enemie to the Church 389 He is constrained to lead an Armie into Siria 390 Frederick the 2. excommunicated and depriued of his Empire by Innocent the 4. 393 Frederick 2. being angred at the Pope made many notable persons die 363 Frederick D. of Austrich beheaded at Naples with others 399 Frederick Count of Misne elected Emperour 441 Frederick D. of Brunswic elected Emp. slaine by the Count de Waldec 317 Frisons receiue the faith 266 Frodesque Saluiat Archbishop of Pise hanged 479 Fulco succeeded Baudwin in the Kingdome of Hierusalem 363 Fuscus ouercome by Derpains 300 Fulbert Bishop of Chartres made Stirps Iesse 322 G GAmma inuented 284 Galeaze Duke of Millaine 456 Galerius Max. eaten with wormes 80 Gallien Emperour 72 Gallus Emp. he and Vclutian are slaine Ibid. Ganclon betrayeth the Peeres of France 257 Gantier Diuelot slaine in the Church 78 Gautlier d' Annoy an adulterer scorched and hanged 430 Geneua and Orleance founded by Aurelian Geneua ordaines a Duke 80 Geneuiefue the Parisians Diana 179 Gregorian Calender 642 Refused 647 Gregory 13. Pope dieth 651 Gregory the 14. 677 Gerard Brazut Hildebrands instruments to kill Popes 537 Gibelins set vp 357 Gnostiques 35 Godfrey of Bullen king of Ierulem 353 Gratian perswades 3. Popes 19. to depose themselues 306 Greekes graunt Purgatory and the Pope to be primate of the Church 427 Gregory one of the foure Doctors of the Church 206 Gregory calleth himselfe the seruant of seruants 79. And will not iudge an vniuersall Bishop Ibid. Gregory celebrateth the Supper in the vulgar tongue Ibid. Gregory the 2. Pope opposeth himselfe against the ordinance to burne Images 190 Gregory the fourth accepted not the Popedome vnlesse the Emperour allowed the election 221 Gregory Alias Hildedrand defended Symonie and single life 345 Gregory the seueÌth cast the Host into the fire Ibid. Gregory the 7. a liuely picture of Antichrist Gregory the 7. after his death tormented in hell doth great myracles 340 Guelphes the Popes fautors and Gibelins the Emperours 390 Guilbert Archbishop of Rauenna taken vp againe 16. yeares after buriall 256 Guido Aretine the first inuentor of the Gamma the notes 284 Guillaine Pion Duke of Aquitaine founder of the first Monasterie of the order of Augustine Friars 219 Guillian Orseure shewed that the Pope is Antichrist 227 Guillaine Count de Holland chosen Emperour against Frederick the second 257. Is slaine Ibid. Guiniard Bishop of Nantes martyred 294 Guisards audition 300 Guy de Lusingam last king of Ierusalem 357 Gaule began to be called France 188 Gordian Emperour 56 Grashoppers out of the bottomelesse pit 461 Guns inuented 432 H HAalon K. of the Tartarians ouercommeth the Persians 177 Helchesites heretikes 25 Henry the 8. Emperour inuented the combat of tournies 65 H. the 3. vpon his marriage day draue away all Morris-players and such like 284 H. the 4. Emperour sheweth a deiection of heart vnworthy an Emperour 130 H. 4 poysoned by his sonne vnburied by the space of 5. years 315 H. the 5. resigneth the inuestitures to the Pope 334 H. LaÌtgraue of Thuring elected Emperour dieth 361 H. the 6. will needs bee crowned at Rome 349 H. the 7 poysoned in an Host. 357 H. the 1. K. of England depriued of his right by an Archbishop 223 Henry Carperell Prouost of Paris a false Iudge condemned 422 Heliogabalus Emp. 51 Hilary 1. Pope 157 Herculian Bishop of Peruse hath his head sawne Heresie of Ebion 29. Nicholaits 29. Menander 29. Basilides 35. Saturnine 35. Cerinthus 40. Valentine 35 Marcian and Montanus 35 Carpocrates Gnastici 35. Cerdin 38. Cataphryges 42. Apalles 42. Talianus 142. Fratricelli 420. Seuerians 43 Theodorus 57. Proclus and Berillus 62. Noetus and Sabellius 64. Of the Manichees 71. Arrius 95. Pelagius 82. Acephales 84. A quaternitie 47. Of many Monkes 22. Of Iohn Bishop of Constantinople 302. Athenians and others 89. Prifallian 30.12 Monothelites 214. Of Constantius 363. Of Paul the successor of Pyrrhus 249. Of Peter the successor of Patriarch 223. Constant by him abiured 229. Of Machoris Bishop of Antioche Monothelite 215 Heresie of a Councell 309 Heresie pernitious of Transubstantiation 359 Herman of Saxe elected Emperour 257 Herod stirreth persecutioÌ 2. And dieth by a horrible iudgement Ibid. Herod Antipas beheaded Iohn 4 Herod Tetrarch banished to Lyons 6 Herodes Agrippa beheaded Iames. 9. His death 15 Herodias wife of Phillip Herodes 4 Houres Canonicall sung by note 357 Hildebrand causeth eight Popes to die 427 Hildericke king of the Vandales restoreth the Catholickes 461 Hirene assembleth a Councell at Nice 222. Causeth her sonnes eyes to be put out 223 Holland erected into a Countie 259 Homousis and Essence 99 Hungarie and Boheme become one kindome 371 Honorius
of Rome 78 Massacre in France 606 Marcus Bishop of Rome 108 Martirs suffer diuers tormeÌts 58 Martir the word when vsed 89 Martirs of the Pope differ from them of the Church 315 Martyrain builded in Ierusalem 89 Maxentius drowned in Tyber 82 Maximian chooseth his owne death 83 Maximilla and Prisca Prophetessââ 219 Maximin hath his hand and tongue cut off 200 Matild the harlot of Gregory the 7. is called S. Peters daughter 305. Shee giueth all her goods to the Pope 319 Marquesse 366 Maurus the Romane and Faustus the Italian teach the Monasticall life 175 Malcontents 629 Maximilian dyeth 622 Moluchs death 632 Mulei Mahamet drowned 632 Monsieurs voyage into Flaunders 632 Mariade lauisitatione 666 Max. taken prisoner 666 M. Cauendish voyage 661 Marcus Bragadinus 675 Mauricius beheaded with his wife and children 182 Macrin Emperour 56 MenaÌder Disciple of SymoÌ Magus 14 Max. Emperour 483 Mendicant Friars 384 Messe the word how it was vsed 87. His Introite 150. Augmented 163. Called the Gregorian office 167. Inuention of the word 181. Song after the Romane manner 112. Celebrated in Latin Ibid. Augmented with Gloria in excelsis 220 Metropolitanes and Archbishops 90 Michael Emperour of Constantinople 213 Millaine taken made subiect to the Empire reuoulteth 35. After a siege of 7. years is sacked 564. Reedified and called Alexandria 365 Ministers 14 Myracles lying 200 Myracles apparitians forged 322 Mytre of the Pope 468 Monkery planted 192 Monkes heretikes banished from Rome 181 Monkes blacke priuiledged 185 Monkes of three sorts 124 Monkes may not carry to baptize 182 Monkes may not bee kept in Monasteries against their wills 218 Monkes rents 226 Monkes voluptuous 242. Commaunded to marry Monkes of England haue by gift the 10. part of the kingdoÌe 265 Monkes priuiledges 143 Monkes Venetians and of the Mount Oliue 437 Monasteries founded 146 Montanus and his heresie 17 Moses brother of Calapine 451 Marcus Aurelius 40 Meldriades king of R. 84 N NAples conquered by Charls the 8. 443 The disease of Naples 436 Nero persecuteth the Christians and killeth himselfe 21 Nicasius Bishop of Rhemes slaine 178 Nicholaites 314 Nichomedia the seat for the Easterne Emperours 287 Names of dignities 252 Nunnes and inuention of theyr habits 337 Nunnes dispensed with to marry 344 Normanes receiue the faith 290 Norway receiueth the faith Ibid Hath a priuiledge to sing Masse without wine Ibid. Notaries and Protonotaries 54 Nerua Emperour 27 Nicholas 1. Pope 241 O OBseruation of daies 154. Of betters Ibid. Ocham and Dante 's held for heretikes 428 Office of a king 83 Office of a subiect Ibid. Office of a Bishop 91 Office of Priests 93 Office of Deacons 95 Olympus Bishoppe of Carthage suddenly burnt 89 Order of the holy Ghost 632 Ouids Tombe Orange receiueth the Gospell 125 Orange sacked 227 Orchanes 2. Emperour of the Turkes 409 Ordinance of Bigamies 166 Of orders 167 Of extreame vnction 174 Of protections 185 To say Masse toward the East 187 To celebrate prayers of Baptisme and the Supper with an high voyce 188. Of the feast of Candlemas Ibid. Of punishing heretikes 20. Of the 7. Canonical houres Ibid. CommemoratioÌ of the dead at Masse Ibi. Of Lent not vniuersall 213. To sing the Creed on high 205. Of offering bread and wine Ibid. Of lamps burning in Churches 184. Aultar coucred with cleane cloathes Ibid. That the Corporall should be kept clean Ibid. That a Bigant should not be made Priest 290. Of the exaltatioÌ of the holy Crosse 287. Of the signe of the Crosse Ibid. Of burial out of Churches 223. Of Organs 231. Of supplications against thunder Ibid. Of bearing children to baptisme 274. To kisse the Pix or Masse 275. That Popes should bee made with consent of the Emper. 28 That Clarkes should bring vp no dogges nor haukes That a lay man should not lay hands vpon a Clarke 292 Ordinances humane made equall with the word of God 3018. Ordinance of Pope Vrban 2. 331 Ordinances execrable 318 The order of Clugny 256 Of the Carmes 399. Of William Hermit Ibid Of the Trinitie 362 Off the bretheren of the hospitall Ibid. Of the Iacobins confirmed 372. Of the Caelestines 391. Of the Pawlines in England 400 Order of the Iesuites 406 Foure new orders of such as were crossed 318 Orobite heretikes in Bohe. 463 Organs first in vse in France 221 Origines 54. His fall his end 64 Ostragoths made warre with Belizarius 185 Otho the first 267 Otho the second 274 Otho the third 300. He causeth his wife and the Adulterer to be burned 318. He is poysoned 321 Otho the 4. excommunicated of the Pope 365 Othoman the first Emperour of the Turkes by litle and litle vsurpeth vpon Europe 388. P PAganisme 216 Pallace of Auignon burnt 209 Paleologue Emperour 399. He is excommunicated Ibid. Palladium carried to Constantinople 103 Pantheon builded 27 Pantheon burnt 26 Pantheon dedicated to the Virgin Mary and to all Saints 459 The Papaltie returneth to Rome 437 It decayeth 444. It was voyd 2. yeares 447 Pope ratified by the Exarche 224 He is elected without the Emrours authoritie 235. Consecrated with a new ceremonie Ibid. Pope defender of Idolatrie 232 The King of France holdeth his bridle 224 Pope authorized of the diuel bestoweth the kingdomes of the world 224 Pope condemned by a Pope 220 Goeth on Procession on foot 212 Abuseth the Emperour 226. Cause of schisme in the Empire 233. Transgresseth his owne lawes Is called God 236 Deposed and againe restored 266. Entereth by diuellish Art 221. Slaine in adulterie 300 Disgraded and after banished 310. He studieth Necromancie 399. Appeared after his death 301. A Symoniake 312 Chosen by corruption 317. Is an Apostate Ibid. Pope elected at Rome an other at Senes 319. Recouereth S. Peters Patrimonie by Armes Ibid Called Prince of Sodome seruant of the seruants of God 179. He is shewed to be Antichrist 138. He will be iudged of no man 290. Hee may bee deposed by the Councell 293 Popes imitators of Doiclesian 296 Excommunicated 298. Rise against Emperours 301. Doo crowne Emperours sell publike benefices 317. Chaunge their names prooued by the shame fast parts 277 Popes schismatikes ane Simoniniakes 326 Three Popes at once Ibid. Make warre with one another Excommunicate one an other 327 Papists runne to false myracles 243 Papinianus slaine 57 Paternus Monke burnt in his Cloyster for the vow of obedience 323 Poulian Pope 54 Probus Emperour 70 Paschal 1. Pope 250. Patricke Bishop of Soissons 302 Giueth the Countrey thereof to the Church of Rome Ibid. Patrician 226 Paul his parents and place of his birth 8 Paul conuerted 9. Led to Felix 18. Sent to Rome Ibid. Paul Samosatenian 68. Condemned by the Councell of Antioche Ibid. Paul heretike 98 Paul Patriarhe condemned 114 Parma created Duke 628 Prince of Orange shot 640 Hee is slaine 645 Poland troubled 666 Patriarch of Constantinople 65 Prince of Sax. prisoner 653 Prince of Conde poysoned 665 Priests reconciled 672 Peter Barrier 683 Peace betweene Fr. and Spaine
Phillip the 3 king of Spaine 708 Pentecost 83 Palatines 386 Persecution vnder Herod 2 Persecution in Flaunders 371 Persecutions at Paris 457 Petrarke 420 Peterpence 238 Peter Lombard 327 Petrus Comestor 327 Petrus Bercoris Ibid. Phillip preacheth in Samaria 89 Phillip Bishop of Alexandria martyred with his daughter 66 Peter whether he were at Rome 14 Peter in bonds past thereof 9 Peter de Bailard heretike Pelagian 79 Peter de Ruere spent in 2. yeares 200000. Skutes Pilate cyted to Rome 10 Peregrin a Philosopher cast himselfe into the fire 42 Pilgrimages began 111 Printing 455 Pelagius 147 Phillip de Anioy the Queene of Nauarres adulterer broyled aliue 34 Phillip Emperour a Monothelite 357 Pientia builded by Pius second 200 Platina writeth the Popes liues 141 He is imprisoned Ibid. Pluralitie of benefices began 291 Polycarpus 40 Polycarpus burnt 41 Pomeriana receiueth the faith 322 Porphyrius 53 Pragmatike sanction 453. Abrogated 495 Priest and his signification 14 Priests communicate vnder both kindes 231 Priests cannot communicate alone 243 Priests of Greece might marry 195 Priests rents 217 Priests married in France about 900. yeares after the Apostles 219 Priests married in England are condemned 271 Prayers of the Church 92 Prayers for the dead 213 Primacie of the Church established by an homicide a traytor 185 Pius the first 39 Priuiledge of the Temple 17 Priuiledge of the Roman Church 124 Probus bringeth Germanie into a Prouince 121 Prophets and their interpretation 14 Purgatory inuented 239 Pyrrhus Patriarke dieth shamefully Penitentiaries 408 Q QVadratus gouernour of Syria 201 Quadratus Bishop of Athence Ibid. Quatorrian heretikes 47 S. Quintin in Vermendois founded 245 Quintilianus 21 Quintilius brother of Claudius the Emperour 69 R RAbbi Maisters 14 Rastrix D. of Cleue hath his eyes put out 290 Reliquaries sold and giuen to the poore 227 Red hattes 468 Relickes inuented by Sathan 131 Repertory morall 433 Reseruation of benefices 414 Rodolph 2. Emperour 622 Reformed Church of Antwerpe 629 Riga 683 Rodoaldus K. of Lombardie slain in adulterie 198 Rome set on fire by Nero. 19. Giuen to Syluester by Constantine 82. Taken againe by Genseric 144. Taken of the Hunes 161. Of the Gothes the second time 172 Rome and Italy returne from the obedience of the Emperour Leo 191 Rodolphus a child martyred by the Iewes 209 Reconciliation 45 S SAcrament of the Aultar 287 Saints liues are forged 182 Saladin killeth the Caliph 203 Occupieth Ierusalem Ibid. Salike law 283 Saladins 343 Salue Regina 282 Singing receiued into the Church 140 Sapor king of the Persians 56 Siluester Bishop of Rome 88 Scanderbeg Seuerus Pertinax 46 The house of Sauoy made a CouÌtie 100 Schisme for the Feast of Easter 223 Schisme in the Papaltie 208 232 Schisme in the Empire 400 Serena Empresse Martyr 77 Sergius Pope 205 Seruians killeth Amurathes Sigismond Emperour 439 Simon Magus 14. Simoniakes 13 Scotland receiueth the Gospell 163 Scotland allied with France 252 Schoole of Caesaria 121. Ethnike of Laodicea 130 Schooles of two sorts 95 Seuertists 154 Stephen stoned 8 Spaine followeth the manner of the Romane Masse 301 Stephen K. of Bosne rosted aliue Smyrna destroyed by an Earthquake 385 Swisses called defenders of the Romane libertie 416 Sinagogue hath his maister 73 Sebastian King of Portugall 625. His death 631 S. Martin Frobisher 626 S. W. Raleigh 647 S. R. Greenfield Ibid. S. H. Gilbert 646 Seueniaries banished 651 Spanisp Nauie 664 S. F. Drake 665 Sixtus the fift 652 S. Ph. Sidneys death 619 Sigismond King of Poland 685 Sinode twise in the yeare 29 Of Bishops at Rome 440 Touching Images Soter Pope 41 Stephen king of Rome 61 T TAcitus Emperour 70 Taborites heretikes Tancredus 123 Tartars 94 Talianus heretike 99 Titus 25 Temple of Ierusalem ended 2 Burned 4. Templers beganne 307 Templers abolished 396 Tertullian reuoulteth 47 Theodorus Pope 260 Theodocius Emperour 130 Theologie scholasticall 201 Theophilus 41 Tymothe Martyr 22 Thomas Stukeley 630 Tumult at Cracouia 677 Treasure of the Popes 672 The Church troubled 695 Turkes ouerthrowne 682. 688 Transubstantiation inuented 275 Is forged 285. Decreed Practised by Gregory the seuenth and is made the 10 Article of the faith 345. Honoured with a feast 361 Tyber ouerfloweth 309 Tyrannie of the Duke of Guise Tyberius 3 Traian Emperour 28 Telesephorus Bishop of Rome 35. V VAlentine heretike 438 Valerian taken and his miserie 63 Venice is builded 149 Venetians haue a Duke 297 Victorinus a Rhetorician 109 Vrban 7.674 His death 675 Valence Emperour 125 Valentinian Emperour 124 Vigills obserued 86. 133 Vincent the Historian 127 Vlpianus Ibid. Vniuersitie erected at Paris 223 At Pauie 292. At Prage 415 At Vienna 420. At Lipsia 423. At Thuring 500 Vnction forged by Popes 48.816 406 Victorian martyred 159 Vandales take end in Affrike 152. Come into Mauritania 169. Are excoÌmunicated Vespasian 20 Vicegothes conuerted 170 Vrban Bishop of Rome 53 Victor Bishop of Rome 45 Virgin what 248 Victor 2. 290 Vigillius Pope 171 Vitalian Pope 198 W WArres proclaimed against Spain 691 Waldois 339 Wencelaus Emperour 42 Willielmes hermites 341 White Mantles 450 X XIxtus Bishop of Rome 67 Xeques Mulei his sonne turned Christian 679 Z ZAcharie Pope 215 Zenon Isaurike Emp. 158 Zephirim B. of Rome 50 Zimglius 56 Zuric 505. FINIS The true end of histories For what purposes changes do serue vs. A glasse for the comfort of such as be afflicted A glasse for them of Geneua A glasse to coÌtemplate the incomprehensible iudgements of God Things here below subiect to changes The causes of changes and mutations The alone Church of God remaineth firme The Church may be shaken but not ouerthrowne The condition of the kingdomes of the world The Church of God is subiect to change The heauenly light peculiar to the childreÌ of God How examples written in histories are to be taken Examples of prosperitie Examples of aduersitie The aduertiââmeât that we hâuâây like histories Augustus Behold the iudgement of God Tiberius Archilaus Herodes successor of whom there is spoken Math. 2. A diuision of the kingdome of Iudea Three Sects in Ierusalem Touching the Temple The Ecclesiasticall gouernment which was then Soueraigne high Priest Priests Leuites Maisters Auncients Caligula Naucle Two bretheren Iewes Churches in Asia the lesse Steuen stoned Claudius Difference of degrees in the gouernment of the Primatiue Church 1. Cor. 12. Ephe. 4. 1. Pet. 5. Heresies at this time Agrippa called God is straight punished Act. 12. The death of Heod Agrippa Lib. 9. cap. 17. Oros ch 6. Act. 18. Nero. Felix Act. 4.21 towards the end lib. 1. 2. Chap. 29. of the Iewes warres Eusebius Act. 19.20.21.22.23 24. Church Chap. 2. of the Iudaik warre Act. 27. Festus Chro. Eus Iulius Solinus Chap. 6. Hist Eccle. Lib. 2. Chap. 23. Osnald Mic. Hist Eccle. Lib. 2. ch 23 Crime imposed vpon the Christians The first persecution against the Christians Linus 1. Cor. 11. Galba Otho Vitellius Spinter Vespasian Couetousnes or inordinate desire Vespasian Suetonius Three bands in
Ierusalem Horrible famine The taking of Ierusalem Rom. 10. Titus Linus Naucler Cletus Chro. Euseb Anacletus Domitian Euseb Fasc Tem. The second persecution against the Christians Notaries and pronotaries The death of S. Iohn the Euangelist The Chron. of the Emper. Clement Eusebius The third persecution Suppl Chro. Singing of Psalmes auncient Fasci temp Anacletus Naucle Now none but the Priest communicateth Suppl Chro. Sinode In the first volume of Councell Heretickes Suppl Chron. S. Aug. Eusebi Sup. Ch. Eusebi Histo Ecclec Lib. 3. cap. 26. Euaristus Anno. Christ 121. Euseb Fasci Temp. marriage pub like Euseb Lucian Alexander Euseb De cense dist 2. cap. in Sacramento Dist 10.102 to Si quib 10 Dist cap. Relatum The first addition to the Lords Supper Adrian 2. Tess 2. de conse dist 2. cap. Sufficit The Popes afterward forged their decretalls Anno Christ 101. Suppl Chro. Sixtus Not to touch Challices The word Oblation The last destruction of the Iewes Barrochabas the Iewe. Telesphorus Heresies in the Church Epiphanius Gnostiques Adrian A Buggerer worshipped as God The death of Adrian Torments and cruelties against Christains Pius An. Christi 123. In the booke he writ to Strapula Higinius Pope De conse dist 1. ca. Lignae 36. Hom 10. cap. 1. Si qua nud S. August Anicetus Supp Chro. Easter celebrated vpon a reuelation made to Hermes Swearing and blaspheming Priestes Crowne Marcus Aurelius The company of heretickes daungerous Chro. of Emper The fourth persecution Soter Anno Dom. 169. Montanus Not to touch Chalices 7.9.1 ca. Illud Diuini 22. q. 4. ca. 51 quid Cataphryges S. Augustin The vse of things indifferent Alcibiades Anno Domi. 179. Commodus Lucius Naucle Chroni Euseb Naucler Chron. of the Empe. Chro. Euse Sup. Chro. Edict Imperiall Persecution Pertmax Didius ReconciliatioÌ Seuerus Seuerus Ireneus Bishop of Lions Quatorzians In the volume of Councells Of Tertullian A Schisme by the occasioÌ of Montanus The Bishops of Ierusalem The Church of the Gentiles in Ierusalem The fift persecution Zephyrim The death of Ireneus Bassianus Execrable Incest Macrin Heliogabalus Calixtus A place of S. Paul euill Interpreted Alexander Porphirius Maximin Wodden Priests Notaries and Protonotaries Pontian The beginning of the Cardinals The sixt persecution Celsus the Heretick Fabian Gordian Proclus an hereticke Sapor King of the Persians The Councell of Philadelphia Phillip The first Christian Emperours Helchesites Heretickes The death of Phillip The cause of this seuenth persecution vnder Decius Alexander Bishop of Ierusalem The torments of the Martyrs The death of Decius Gallus This persecution counted the eight The death of Gallus The Romanes tributaries Lucius Decretalls examined Decretalls attributed vnto Lucius Noetus and Sabellius The Art Magicke ouerthrew Valerian Lucian The miserie of Valerian Lucius Ed. 9. The death of Saint Ciprian The death of Lucius Athenodorus Gregor of Neocesaria The heresie of Sabellius buried Paul Samosatane The end of Origenes Stephen Suidas counteth this of Origen and Nicephorus after him The fall of Origenes The differeÌce of rebaptizing heretikes The death of Denis Bishop of Alexandria Sixtus Chiliastes renewed Laurence a Deacon of Rome The history of Laurence Denis The Councell of Antioche Married Bishops Hist Eccle. Lib. 5. cap. 15. Claudus Quintilius Aurelian Aurelian The ninth persecution Tacitus Florian. Probus Felix Probus Numerian slaine Carinus Dioclesian Marcelline Dioclesians pride Kissing of shooes The tenth persecution Dioclesian The Empresse Martyred CoÌstantius The death of Dioclesian The ende of Galerius Constantin the great The death of Maxentius The issue of Maximinian Maximian chose his owne death Apocal. 1. li 16 Apo. 1.2 Epist ad RusticuÌ MomacuÌ Vigills The Eucharist giuen to sicke persons Abuses of the Supper Ceremonies in administrating the Supper The word Messe vnused Martir Temple Donation of Constantine 96. Dist c. CoÌstantinus c. Fundamenta De. electio Lib. 6 12. q. 1. c. Futuram Bizantium Constantinople Bishops Priests Cleargie Clarkes Metropolitanes Patriarke The office of a Bishop Ministers Vicars or Bishops particulers Deacons New degrees Diaconesses Diuers sorts of Auditors Prayers Confession taken from the common people Ceremonies inuented Feastes The Immunitie of Clarkes beganne Building of Temples Edicts for the Christians Reuenewes assigned to the Church The vse of the goods of the Church Immunities The poore Libraries Notaries at Rome Reward of profess Arrius a professor Arrius Hist Eccle. Li. 10. Chap. 4. Spiridian Pathuntius Hist Eccle. Lib. 10. cha b. Prouinciall Councels each yeare Catechumenes Vnlawfull gaine Ordinances against Arrius Arrius giueth in his confession Sinode of Ierusalem A tumult of the Arrians The names of dayes Donatist 3. Images chap. 60 Athanasius called to the Sinode Temples builed in Palestine Constantin the second The death of Constantine the great Constance CoÌstantius 53000. slaine The coÌstancy of Liberius Heretickes cruell Monkes at this time Liberius Hilarie Bishop of Poiters Eusebius Bishop of Verceil Iulian. The death of Constantius A Sinode in Alexandria Essentiall Substance Subsistence Iulian instituted in pietie Humane Letters prohibited Holy water Extreame cruelties 1. Cord. 10. fol. 25. Iulians enuy for the name of Martyr Iouinian The horrible death of Iulian. A Christian Emperour Athanasius came from exile Councell at Antoiche Peace with the Persians Two kindes of Monkes ValentiniaÌ Cenobites Anachirites Remoboth Europe had not yet receiued Monkes Valens Monkes A Prophetike Dreame Heretikes Adolatrie at Arras Vulphilas Hist Trip. lib. 8. The electioÌ of S. Ambrose Gratian. The constancie of the faithfull The death of Valens Damasus Apoc. 6 2.10.11 Theodosus Translation eleuation of the bodies of Saints Vigils or watches of Saints Obseruation of dayes Obseruation of Letters Three arguments against false religion Slaunders against true doctoctrine AccoÌmodatioÌ Such Princes as opposed themselues against Paganisme S. Hieromes Translation Syricius The successors of Siluester had not the rule of Rome The right of choosing and crowning the Emperours Monicha S. Augustines mother The Papist hold that it was vpon Thursday Fastes of Angaria Arcadius Honorius Singing receiued into the Westerne Church Singing receiued in assembly from the time of the Apostles In his Commentary vpon the Iudges Contenti somno qui a missa vigiliaruÌ vsque ad lucem conceditur ctc. Remissa peecatoruÌ for remission of sinnes Euergumenes Missas facere to let goe Catechumenes which were not yet baptised Auditors Competitors Radagastus Rome taken by Alaricus The Kings of Spaine disceÌded of the Gothes Antiphonae Anhemes Orders Iohn Chrysostome Monasteries Pelagius the heretike Iustification of faith Arcadius Henorius Francion The fourth schisme The beginning of Venice The introitus of the Masse ValentiniaÌ Abb. trip Naucler Supp Chro. Blund lib. 2. Naucler Sureties Inuention of Letanies The sea of histories ValentiniaÌ 1. Volume of Councels Martin Abb. trip Naucler The sea of Histories Childeric Annualls of France Leo the first Suppl Chro. Leo. Zenon Zenon Denise Victoria Churches began to become rich Visigots Dedication In the first volume of Councells Anastatius Anastatius Quaternitie Naucler Gelasius Bread and wine of
pits The Prouost of Paris Lewis A diuellish illusion An heresie held by the Pope Colledges of Scribes An answere of the Greeks to the Pope Vicegerents of the Empire The Emperor demandeth the Imperiall ornaments The Romains beseech the Pope for the Emperour Theologians and Lawiers of this time Lewis fortified The Emperours appellation against the Pope Donation of Constantine Nicholas 5. Tenthes leuied in Fraunce Ambition of the Venetians Benet 12. King of Romanes and Emperor Names diuers but of the same substance Vnctions are ceremonies inuented by the Pope The administration of the Empire being vacant belongeth to the Count Palatin The Emperor yeeldeth a confession of his faith Benet ouercome with the integritie of the Emperor The Emperor Lewis absolued The Pope doth all for his profit The Penetentiers Collations of benefices Canonicall houres sung by note The sister of Francis Petrarke bought by Benet Ockam Dante 's Clement 6. The Iourney of Cressy See the Chro. of the Emperours in the 2. Tome Edward chosen Emperour Frederic Charles 4. The publike reuenewe of the Empire engaged The Iubile remitted to 50. yeares Lewis Whippers or beaters A new Sect. Robes Error incontinently findeth her adherents Charles 4. Innocent 6. Reseruation of Benefices Betwixt saying and doing is a long way The Vniuersitie of Prage Outrage done to the Empresse The battaile of Poitiers Iohn de Roquetaillaide martired The Feast of the speare and nailes Wonders The death of Innocent Vrbain 5. Yues Armacan Baldus Iesuites A golden Bull. A Taxe vpon Wine Gregory 11. A new Sect of dauncers Wencelaus The English fall vpon the the Swisses The Country of Morauia Wencelaus The Emperour imprisoned Marke Lorde of Bulgaria Vrbain 6. Clement 7. This is not numbred in the Catalogue of the Popes A schisme of fortie yeares Inuentions to drawe siluer Vrbane Acts worthy of the Papall seate Note the trobles y t come of the Pope The three Flower deluces of France Aubriot The Swissers prosper The disputation of the conception of the Virgin Marie The name of Huet Antichrist makes warre vpon himselfe Boniface 9. Benet 13. De Aliace Gerson Two factions at Millaine Battaile against the Turke A Nationall Councell in France White Mantles Turelupins An admonition to giue thankes vnto God The Councell of Constance condemned this Pope Clement 8. Chrysoloras Gunnes Iosse Robert Robert Robert crowned at Colongne The death of Robert The Romanes request to the Pope Rising of the Romane people The Marquisate of Pise Teutonians or Almaines Iohn Hus. Articles of the doctrine of the BohemiaÌs Gregorie 12. Monkes of Mount Oliuet Benet in the Castle of Panisole or Peninsole A Councell at Pise AlexaÌder 5. Two Popes deposed Ladislaus depriued of his kingdome Robert A Bull of the Stigmates of S. Francis 16000. after the Chron. of France and 36000. after the Chron. of Almaine Sigismond Sigismond Iohn 24. A Sinode at Rome Historie of the Owle Champaine besieged The Iourney of Blangy Iohn Hus and Ierome of Prage The death of Iohn Hus Ierome of Prage Wickliffe burnt after his death Iohn 24. The Frisoniers or de la Chemise Cleues Sauoy Martin 5. The Hussites Iane the Pucelle Ambition of the Venetians The Pucelle of Orleans Eugenius 4. Eugenius flieth away Articles proposed by the Bohemians A Councell at Ferrara Annates Albert. 5. The end of âhe Councell of Basill Hungarie Boheme came both to one 23 Schisme Ayme Duke of Sauoy The conception of the Virgin Marie The Pragmatike sanction Albert. The death of Albert. Frederic Emp. Frederic 3. Printing Inuented in what time by whom Note how many euils faith-breaking bringeth Amurathes maketh himselfe a Monke Nicholas 5. A Iubile Calixtus 3. Rom. 12.18 Apoc. 9.3 Wherefore a Bell was knolled at noone Iohn Capistran Robert de la Lice Ingratitude of the Venetians Pius 2. The pragmatike sanction abbrogated Abbreuiators created Katherine de Sienes Canonized A sentence of Pope PIus against singlenes of Priests Paul 2. Ambition A sumptuous Mitre Red hats Ariminum wasted by the Pope The Pope an enemie of Letters The Popedome fell Sixtus 4. Cosme Peter Lawrence Iulian. The Dukes first ouerthrowe at Granson The second ouerthrow of the Duke of Bourgongne nigh Morat The third ouerthrow of the Duke Charles Iacobins against the Carmes Mendicants made equall The Swisses receiue the Kings wages The death of king Lewis the 11. Innocent 8. Townes giueÌ to the Popes bastards Naples revolted Iohn the English man burnt at Paris Corpus Christi An Epitaphe of Innocent Conuention betwixt SathaÌ Borgia Alexand. 6. Cesar Borgia the Popes bastard Maximilian Repenties Maximilian Alexander setteth vp his bastards The Duke of Valentinois Lucrece the daughter wife daughter in lawe of the Pope The crueltie and ingratitude of the Venetians This act brought great damage to Italie Lewis Sforza Mancinellus Marrhans Basil Schaffusen The Venetians vanquished An horrible illusion of Sathan The diuell saith he is Pope A strife betwixt the Pope and diuell Alexander prayeth that his terme may be longer Pius 3. SackagemeÌt of Borgia Deuouring Grashoppers or Locusts Apoc. 9. li. 8. The waining of the Popedome Tokens of the Popes fall Apoc. 19. d. 20 The Swisses honoured by the Pope Rauenna occupied by the Pope The Iacobins and Friars of Berne If it be lawfull for Popes to make warre The pragmatike sanction The Councel of Laterane Leo. 10. O execrable blasphemie Indulgences Sampson of Millaine a Friar Rhodes takeÌ Apoc. 11. a. 2. 2. Thess 2. a. 4. The death of Selms the yeare 1518. Charles 5. Charles 5. Luther excommunicated and assailed on al sides Adrian 6. The taking of Rhodes Maximilian Clement 7. Zuric is hated of all the Swisses Charles 5. The Iourney of Pauie Diuision betwixt Luther and Zuinglius Wartes betweene Vaivoda Ferdinand The taking of Rome A peace at Cambray The Emperours Coronation A deluge of waters The King of Denmarke imprisoned Crueltie of George Duke of Saxonie The death of Pope ClemeÌt Paul 3. A bloodie procession Thunis and Golete A Comete Castelnouo Vaiuoda Chabot The Iouney of Remsbourg The seed of warre Bude falles to the Turke The Iourney Argiere Persecution against the faithfull Rochell Landrecy Nice Vauldois ãâ¦ã of Caââgâân S. Dedier Lorraine Bologne A number of whores Alliance against the Gospell Crownes The warre in Almaine The death of Henry the 8. Constable P. Martir The taking of the Duke of Saxonie His condemnation The Iourney of Vlme Adiaphores Fesse in Affricke Iulius 3. The Popes litle Cardinall The Iourney at Ausbourge Affrike taken Bucer Wonders The warre of Parma The Monke of Transiluania Complaints of Almaine The king himselfe Protector of Almaine Solyman strangleth Mustapha his eldest son The complaint of Grangier with the wen ouer Mustapha Rostan spoiled of all his honours Edward 6. Marie Seruetus burnt The Gospell driuen out of England Alasco Dispersion of the faithfull Emden Conspiracie against the Queene of England Ladie Iane beheaded Sienna Charles of Sauoy Renty K. Phillip his marriage Cardinall Paule
D. of Alanson The Prince of Orange is slaine Syr H. Gilbert S.W. Raleigh S.R. Greenfeeld Bruges recouered The refusall of the new Calender The death of the Duke of Brunswicke Iohannes Basilides The Christian Churches at Constantinople The Patriark of Constantinople Seminaries banished An insurrection about the new Calender The Popes death Sixtus 5. A notable act of the Seignory of Venice The Prince of Saxonie prisoner The League The K. Edict 18. of March 1585. against raising of men Antwerpe yeeldeth to the king of Spaine S.F. Drake The Pope excommunicated the king of Nauarre and y e Prince of Conde The death of Augustus The death of the L. Russel Heluetians The death of the Queene of Scots The Death of S. Ph. Sidney Augusta Bathorus dieth Iames K. of Scots besieged and taken M. CaueÌdish voyage about the world Contention about the election of the king of Poland Maximilian Sigismond D. of Guise Max. taken prisoner Maria de la Visitatione K. Phillip asketh counsel of Maria de la Visitatione The Spanish Nauie A tempest diuideth them S. F. Drake A strategem The Prince of Conde poisoned The Duke of Guise slaine The generall troubles and tumults in this yeare Poland Q of Scots England Turkes Italie Guise The Pope angrie with Henry the 3. He threatneth excommunication Huguenots The death of the Queene of France The king of France excoÌmunicated The K is slain by a Iacobin Friar The Death of the king of France H. the 3. The victory of Harens The siege at Paris Phillip displeased with the Pope A Fleete for Lisbone Friar Lewis de Baltram Priests recanted The Popes great treasure An heretike burned The marriage of the King of Scots The battaile at Yurie The death of Carls Bourbon The death of Sixtus 5. Vrban 7. The death of Pope Vrban Magus Bragadinus D. de Maine Gregorie 14 A Iubily A tumult at Cracouia about religion An act against the Popes buls The death of Gregory 14. A Dearth Innocent 9. The escape of the Duke of Guise The death of Innocent 9. Clement 8. Xeques Mulei his sonne becommeth a Christian The death of the Duke of Parma The end of the yeare 1592. Dissention in Religion The Turkes ouerthrowne D. of Guise The King of Fraunce conuerted A motion for recalling of the Iesuites into Riga Peter Barrier The death of Nemours Sigis K. of Poland H. crowned K. of France Mathias Arch-duke of Austria An expedition against the Turke Note D. Lopes The Turkes ouerthrowne The King of Fraunce wounded The death of Amurath Mahomet Wars proclaimed against Spaine The king of France is absolued by the Pope Arbertus the Cardinall made generall The D. de Maine restored to fauour The Duke of Aumale Arch-duke of Austria He winneth Callais Fere yeeldeth An English Nauie for Spaine The Fleet for India burned The Spaniards seeke reuenge and are crossed The death of Anne Q. of Poland The Church troubled Iacobus Fatricius The death of Amurath 3. An Edict against Iesuits Maximilian commeth to Agria The death of Alphonsus Embassadors from Marocco Embassadors from Moschouie Three times of the Christian Church The first from the preaching of the Apostles vntill Phocas distinguished into three periodes Of the first periode of the first time of y e Church Of the second periode of the first time of the Church Of the third periode of the first time of the Church The second time of the Church froÌ Phocas vntil Charls 5. The first periode The second periode The third time of the Church from Charles the fift til this present time