confederates â–ª iudginge it a greater reward to the Romaines to haue honoure and renowue then possessyons gotten by force For he said it was mete for a Romaine to chalenge glorye and fame and to leaue the superflouity of richesse to his partakers The xxxii Boke â–ª THe Aetolians which hadde prouoked Antiochus to warre againste the Romaines after the time that he was onercome remained all only againste the Romaines both 〈◊〉 to match them in strength and also destitute of all healpe and comforte By meanes where of within a 〈◊〉 after they were vanquished and lost their liberty the which they all only among so manye cities of Grece had reteined vntouched against the dominion of the Atheniens and Lacedemonians The which estate of bondage was so much the bitterer vnto them as it was later or it came â–ª râ—…oltynge with them selues those times in the which with the only power of theyr owne countrye they had withstoode and burne oute the greate force and power of the Persâ—…ans in the which they hadde repressed the violence of the 〈◊〉 men so terrible to Asia and Italye in the batâ—…ell at Delphos the glorâ—…ous remembraunce of which things kindled in them a 〈◊〉 desire of liberty While these thinges were a doing in the meane time the Messenians and the Acheans fâ—…ll â—…irst at conteâ—…ion anone after to plain sighting for the sâ—…raigntye In that battel Philopenienes the noble graund captain of the Acheans was takâ—…n prisoner not through his own defaulte because he 〈◊〉 not fyghte for sauynge of hys life but as he was about to bringe his men in araye that were sâ—…attered in the leapinge of a ditche his 〈◊〉 ouerthrew and so his enemies clustered about him and tooke him ere he coulde râ—…couer vp againe And yâ—…t the Messenians when they foâ—…nd him ouerthrowen whether it were for fâ—…are oâ—… his prowessâ—… or for reuerence of hys estate durst not kill him Therfore as though by taking of hym they had finished all the warre they led him like a prisonner about all the citye in manner of a triumphe the people ruuninge out by heapes to meete hun as if their own captaine and not the captaine of their enemies had bene comming And I beleue the Acheans would not haue ben more desirous to haue sene him if he had gotten the vpper hande then were the Messenians his enemies to beholde him being a prisonner For they led him into a Theatre to the entente tâ—…ey mighte all beholde him whome they thought an vncredible and vnpossâ—…ble mâ—…tter to be taken From thence they couueyed him to prysoÌ„ wher for shame of the villany they had offred to such a worthy estate they gaue him poyson the which he drancke with as mearye a cheare as if he had wonne the victory Demaundyng first of all whether Lycortas the lieuetenante of the Acheane whome he knewe to be the manne of best knowledge in feates of armes nerte vnto hymselfe hadde eskaped in safetye or no. When he vnderstoode that he was eskaped he sayde the world goeth not alltogether against the Acheans wyth that word he gaue vp the ghoste But ere it was longe after the warre was renued in which the Messenians being vanquished suffered worthy punishment for putting Philopemenes to death In the meane season Antiochus kinge of Syria beinge sore ouercharged with the tribute that he should pay to the Romaines and seinge hymselfe vanquished and burdened whether it were that he were compelled for want of mony or that he were allured with couetousnesse because he hoped that vnder pretence of the necessity the whiche he was put to for the payment of the tribute he should be held the better excused if he committed sacriledge he assembled an armye and in the nyghte time assaulted the temple of Iupiter of Dodon the which attempte was bewrayed and he withall his hooste was slayne by the inhabitauntes of the countrye that resorted to the reskue At Rome when many cities of Grece were come thither to complaine of the iniuries that Phillyppe king of Macedone hadde dâ—…one vnto them and that there was great contention in woordes in the senate house betwene Demetrius the sonne of Phillippe sent thither by his father to make satisfaction as the Senate shuld think righte and the ambassadoures of the Cities the yonge man beinge confounded with the noyse and exclamatyon of the appellantes sodenly helde his peace Then the Senate being moued with his modest shamefastnesse for the whiche he had bene well beloued of all men before times when he lay in hostage at Rome gaue iudgement on hys syde And so Demetrius obtained pardone for his father not by defending his righte but by the helpe of his modesty and shamefastnesse The which thinge was signifyed vnto him by the decree of the senate to th entent it should appeare that the kinge was not acquited as giltlesse but rather pardoned for his sonnes sake the whiche thynge purchased vnto Demetrius not thanke for his behauiour in that ambassade but hatred through the maliciousnesse of backebyters For with his brother Perses who sought by al meanes to surprise him it procured him enuy and with his father when he knew the occasion of his acquitall it procured him displeasure disdaininge that â—…he person of his sonne shoulde be of more force or strengthe with the Senate then the authority of the father or the estimation of his estate being a king Perses therfore per ceiuing his fathers disease made complaintes daily vnto him of his brother Demetrius and first he broughte him in mistrust with him and shortly in vtter displeasure obiecting against him that he sought the freudshippe of the Romaines to betray his father At the last he surmised that he went about trâ—…ason for the prouse where of he broughte in recorde and suborned false witnesses to vphold â—…he crime that he charged hym wythall By meanes whereof he compelled his father to murder his owne sonne and brought all the courte in sorow and heauinesse After Demetrius was thus put to death the party being dispatched out of the way whome he feared as his enemye Perses beganne to be not onlye more slacke in doing his duety but also more stubborn against his father behauing himselfe not like an heire but like a kinge Phillip beinge sore offended with his misdemenor bewailed the deathe of Demetrius verye vnpaciently from day to daye Where vppon mistrustynge hym self to be deceiued by cautele and treason he put the wytnesses and record bearers to torture Throughe whyche hauing boulted out their treason he was vexed as much with the wickednesse of Perses as with the vndeserued death of Demetrius And he hadde punished him for hys laboure had not death preuented him of hys purpese For shortly after throughe very sorow and pensiuenesse of hart he fell sicke and died leauing behinde hym greate furniture for the warres against the Romaines the whiche Perses afterward vsed Moreouer he had allured the Frenchmen called Rascians to
th one estate he was like to displese the other that he gate like fauor at bothe theyr handes Amongst the noble actes of this man whiche were many this is in especially worthy to be remembred The Atheniens and Megarenses had fought together for the chalen ging of the I le of Salamine almost to their vtter destructioÌ„ After many great slaughters it begaÌ„ to be taken for a heinous matter among the Atheniens if any man shuld go about to make any claim or title to the Iland Solon therfore being sorowful least by holdinge his peace he should not so greatly further the common wealth as he ought to doo or by putting forth his counsell bring him self in daunger sodenly fained himself mad vnder pretens wherof he might not only say but also doo thinges forbidden He ran abrode in a foles cote like a disard and in a great company of men that gathered aboute him the more to cloke his pretensed purpose in rimes and meters to him vnaccustomed he begaÌ„ to moue the people to that thing which was vnlawful wherin he so perswaded them all that forthwith they proclaimed warre against the Megarenses in the which they vaÌ„ quished their enemies and reduced the Iland vnder theyr subiection In the meane season the Megarenses being mindful of the warres that the Atheniens made against them and bâ—…ing lothe to leaue without some gain toke shipping of purpose to take the noble women and matrones of Athens as they wer celebrating the sacriâ—…ces vnto Ceres in the night time at Elensis The which thing beinge knowen Pisistratus captain of the Atheniens laid bushments of men in places conuenient commaundinge the women to celebrate their ceremonies with like noise and hurly burly as they were wont to doo euen when their ennemies came to th entent they should not suspecte that their commynge was heard of When the Megarenses were come out of their shippes he sodainly brake vpon them and â—…ue them euery one and forthwith entring into their ships the whiche he entermedled with women to make a show as though thei had bene the matrones taken prisoners he went straighte to Megara The townes men seing their owne shippes and the women in them whiche they supposed to be the â—…ootye that they soughte for wente forthe to the hauen to meete them the whiche company Pysistratus â—…ue and missed but little of winninge the City So by their owne pollicye the Megarenses gaue their ennemies the victory But Pysistratus as though he had won to his owne behoofe and not to the behoofe of his Country by craft and pollicy made him selfe king For at home at his owne house when he hadde of set purpose caused his body to be rent and maÌ„gled with scourging and whipping he came abrode and ther sommoning the people together shewed them his woundes makynge exclamation of the crueltye of the Noble menne at whose hands he surmised himself to haue suffered this hurte As he spake he wept and with his spiteful wordes set the light people on fire assuringe them that for the loue he bare to them he was hated of the Senate 〈◊〉 hervpon he obtained a garde of menne for the safetye of his personne by whose meanes he vsurped the Luperioritye and raigned xxxiiii yeares After his deathe Diocles one of his Sonnes as he rauished a maiden perforce was by the brother of the same maide slaine His other sonne named Hyppias possessynge his fathers kingdome commaunded him that slue his brother to be apprehended who being compelled by tormeÌ„ts to appeale such as were necessarye to the murder named all the Tyrannes frendes whiche being put to deathe and the Tyran demaunding if there were yet anye moo a Counsell or preuye to the deede there is no moo quod he aliue whome I would gladly see die sauing the Tyran hym selfe by whiche sayinge he declared him selfe bothe to haue the vpper hand of the Tyran and also to haue reuenged the cha stity of his sister The city through his stoutnesse being put in remembraunce of their liberty at length deposed Hyppias from his kingdom and banished him their couÌ„try Who taking his iourny into Persie offred him self to Darius making warre againste the Atheniens as is before specified as a captain against his own country Wherfore the Atheniens hearing of Darius approche sent for aid to the Lacedemonians who at that time were in leage with them But perceiuing that they were busied aboute matters of religion for the space of iiii daies they thought not good to tary the coÌ„ming of their succors but with x. M well apoynted of their own citizens and one thousaÌ„d of the 〈◊〉 which came to their aid they went forth to battell against vi C. M. of their enemies in the plains of Marathon Melciades was Captain of this war counseller not to tary 〈◊〉 their succors Who was of such corage that he thought ther was 〈◊〉 aduantage in spedy settinge forward then in lingering for succor Therfore they ran into the battell with wonderful cherefulnesse In so muche that when the ii armies wer a mile a sondre they hasted forwarde as fast as they could â—…un to ioyn with their ennemies before they mighte discharge their arowes Neither wanted this boldnesse good successe For the battell was fought wyth suche corage that a man wold haue thought the one side to haue ben men and thother to haue ben beasts The Persians be ing vanquished fled to their ships wherof many wer drow ned and many wer taken In that battel the prowesse and manhode of euery man was so great that it were harde to iudge who deserued most to be praised How be it amongst all other brast forth the glory of a yonge man called Themistocles in whom euen then appered such towardnesse as it was like he should for his valiauntnesse hereafter be made their chiefe captain gouernor The glory of one Cynaegirus also a souldior of Athens is highly commended set for the with great praises among wryters who after innumerable slaughter in the battel when he had pursued his ennemies to their shippes as they fled he caught holde of a ship that was laden with his right hand and would not let goo his holde till he had loste his hande His righte hand being cutte of he laid holde on it with his left hande the whyche also beinge loste in likewise at the laste he held the shyppe with his teethe Suche was his courage that being not wearied with so manye slaughters nor discouraged with the losse of bothe his handes at the last being vtterly maimed like a sauage beast he fought with his teethe The Persians loste in that battell two hundred thousand menne beside their shippes Hyppias also the Tyran of Atbens the author and stirrer of this warre through the iust vengaunce of God whyche punished him for his country sake was there slayne In the meane time Darius as he was aboute to renewe the warre
by reason of their sacriledge yet notwythstaÌ„ding it procured more enuy to the Thebanes by whom they were driuen to this extremitye then to them And therfore bothe the Atheniens and the Lacedemonians set forth men to their aid At the first encounter Philomelus turned the Thebanes out of their campe at the next fighting valiantly amongste the thickest he was the firste that was slain and so with his wicked bloud did worthely abye for committing sacriledge In his sted Ornomarchus was created Captaine against whom the Thebanes and Thes salians chose for their captain not one of their owne country men for fear least if he gate the victory he should bear him self so Lordly that no man were able to abide hâ—…m but Philip king of Macedonie willingly submitting theÌ„ selues vnder the subiection of a forrener whiche was the thynge they most of all feared in their own country men Phillip therfore as though he had bene the reuenger of sacriledge and not of the Thebanes commaunding all his souldiours to put garlandes of Laurel vpon their heades and in thys wise as hauing God the chiefe Captaine of his enterpryse he marched into the field The Phocenses at the sighte of the cognisaunce of the God striken with inwarde remorse of conscience for their offences â—…ast downe their wepons toke them to flight And so with their owne bloud slaughter of them selues suffred worthy punishmeÌ„t for violating of religion Ye wil not beleue what glory and renown Phi lip won among al nations for executing this dede As who wold say he was the punisher of sacriledge he was the reuenger of religion he only was worthy to compell offenders to make satisfaction to the execution where of all the world ought to haue put theyr helpe Therfore they honored him next vnto the Goddes by whome the maiestye of the Goddes was defended But the Atheniens hearyng of the aduenture of the war to th entent that Philip shoulde not passe into Grece toke the straights of Thermopyle in like maner after the same sort as they had done before against the coÌ„ming of the Persians but nether with like corage nor for like quarel For then it was for the libertye of Grece but now it was for open sacriledge then in the defâ—…nce of the temples against the inuasions of the ennemy now in the maintenaÌ„ce of churchrobbers against the right 〈◊〉 reuengers Making them selues bolsterers and bearers out of that hainous offeÌ„ce wherof it was a shame for theÌ„ that any other theÌ„ theÌ„ selues shuld haue ben the punishers Quite forgetting that euen in their moste aduersitye they had vsed that God as their chefest counseller that by hys guidance they had finished so many battels with conquest builded so many cities with fortunate successe attayned so great an Empire both by sea laÌ„d And finally atcheued no thing either in publike or priuate affairs without the ma iesty of his Godhed Certesse it is great pity that such fine wits so exquisitely polished withal kinde of learning traded in so goodly lawes institutions should be so far ouerseene as to commit so heinous an act that of right they can haue no cause here after to be offended with the barbarus nations for doing of the like But Philip him self kept not euen touch with his felowes For as it wer to th enteÌ„t hys enemies shuld not go beyond him in committing sacrilege the cities wherof a litle before he was captain whiche had fought vnder his standerd which had reioysed in him and which had holpen him to the victory like an vtter ennemy he inuaded sacked The wiues childreÌ„ of them al he sold by the drom He spared not the teÌ„ples of the Gods immortal not the houses of religion not the common nor priuate houshold gods vnto whoÌ„ a litle before hâ—…â—…ntred as a guest so that it might euideÌ„tly appere he sought not so muche to haue punished sacriledge as to procure fre liberty to perpe trate the same From thence as though he had accoÌ„plished al things to his honor he passed into Cappadocia where making war with like falshod hauing taken and slain by policy the kings that wer the next borderers he brought all the whole prouince vnder thempire of Macedonâ—… Then to abolyshe the shamefull brute that went of his doynges through the which he was more spoken and talked of then anye other man in those daies he sent into the kingdomes and moost welthy Cities into the Churches and temples certain to raise a rumor and to put it into folkes heds that king Philip would bestow a great masse of monye in building walles about the Cities and in makinge of Churches and temples and that maisters of the worke should be pro cured by proclamation The whiche when they came into Macedone being driuen of with diuers delaies for feare of the kinges displesure were faine to get them away againe and make no mo woordes After this he assailed the Olynthians For when they saw that Philip had put one of hys brothers to deathe for verye pities sake they receiued two other of his brothers borne of his stepmother whome as partners of his kingdome he soughte by all meanes to dispatch out of the way Therfore vppon this occasion he vtterly destroyed that auncient and noble citye and put hys brothers to the deathe that he had before determined appoynted for them enioying therby both a greate pray and also his wicked lust in slaying of his brothers Whervpon as though al things had ben lawful that he purposed in his mind he sesed vpon the gold mines in Thessaly and vpon the siluer mines in Thrace And to the entent no law nor righte should be left vnuiolated he determined to be a rouer on y â— seas These things being thus accomplished it fortuned by chance that ii brother 's both kings of Thrace being at variaunce betwixt them selues not in respect of his indiffereÌ„cy iustice but for fear least he shuld help to support either of the parties chose him to be iudge of their controuersies But Philip according to his accustomed nature proceding to iudgement as if he shuld haue gone to battel came sodeÌ„ly vpon the brothers ere they wist therof with his men in battel ray and not like an vpright iudge but like a craftye thefe wicked kaitife spoiled theÌ„ both of their kingdomes While these thinges were a doing the ambassadors of Athens came vnto him to require peace whome he heard sent him selfe other ambassadoures to Athens with Articles of peace and there to the commodity of both parties a peace was concluded Oute of other Cities of Grece came ambassaders also not so muche for desire of his frendshyp as for feare of warre For the Thebanes and Beotians of very rancor and malice that boyled in their stomackes requested him to shew him selfe as captaine of Grece against the Phocenses according as he had professed him self to be So sore
and that it was hys chaunce to be better entreated of his ennemy then of hys owne kin For wheras his enemy had geuen his wyfe and children life his kinsfolk to whome he had geuen both lyfe and kingdoms had vnnaturally bereft him of his life For the which his doinges he rendred him suche thankes as he himself hauing the victory listeth to accept This onlye one thing which lay in his power to do for him nowe lyinge at the poynt of death would he do for Alexander as inrecom pence of his good turnes that is to pray to the powers celestiall and the powers infernall and the Gods of kinges to geue him victory and dominion of the whole worlde As for himself he desired nothing but that it might be his plesure to graunte him buriall as of righte he oughte to haue without grudge And as touching the reuengement of hys death it was now no parte of his care but for exāples sake the common case of all kinges the whiche to neglecte as it should be dishonorable to him so might it turne to hys vtter perill For on the one part this case concerneth his Iustice and on the other it toucheth his owne vtility and profit In token wherof as an only pledge of the faith and honor of a king he gaue his right hand to cary vnto Alexander At those words he stretched out his hand and gaue vp the goste The which when Alexander hard of he came to see his body as he lay dead and he wept to beholde so worthye an estate come vnto so vnworthye a death Wherfore he caused his body to be entred with all solempnitye like a kinge and his reliques to be conueyed into the Sepulthres of his auncestoures The twelfthe Booke ALexander bestowed great cost in buryinge of his souldiours that were slaine in pursuing Darius to the residue of his companye he departed wyth xv M. talēts The greater part of his horses was foundred with heat and such as remained were able to do no seruice The whole summe of the mony gotten alate by this victory was a hundred and thre and fifty thousand talents wherof Parmcnio was made treasurer Whyle theese things wer a doinges letters were brought from Antipater out of Macedone the tenor wherof contained y ◠wartes of Agis king of the Spartans in Grece of Alexander king of Epire in Italy and of his lieuetenaunt Sopyron in Scithia The which made him somewhat to muse Neuerthelesse when he had wel disgested the natures of the ii kings his enuiers he was more glad of the losse of them then sorye for the losse of his armye and his captaine Sopiryon For after that Alexander had taken his iourney almoos◅e all Grece fell to rebellion in hope to recouer their liberty ensuinge the ensample of the Lacedemonians whyche alonelye forsooke the peace and despised the orders taken bothe by Phillip and Alexander Captaine and ringleader of thys Commotion was Agis kinge of the Lacedemonians The whiche tumulte Antipater suppressed with suche power as he had raised euen in the very risinge therof Yet notwithstandinge there was great slaughter on both partes King Agis when he saw his mē put to flight to the entent that all be it he coulde not haue as good fortune as Alexander he mighte not seeme inferioure to him in courage sent awaye his garde and him selfe alone made suche slaughter of his ennemies that sometime he put to flyghte whole bandes at ones At the laste althoughe he were oppressed by the multitude yet he wan the glory and renoun from them all Furthermore Alexāder king of Epyre being set into Italy for to aid the Tarentines against the Brutianes toke y ◠viage vppon him with so good a will as thoughe the whole worlde should haue beene deuided and that Alexander the sonne of his sister Olympias shoulde haue had the East for his part and himself the West entendinge to haue no lesse a doo in Italy Affrike and Sicil then the other shuld haue to do in Asia amonge the Persians And besides thys lyke as the Oracle at Delphos had prophesied vnto great Alexander that his destruction shuld be wrought in Macedone euen so the Oracle of Iupiter of Dodone had told this Alexander that the city Pandose and the riuer acheruse shoulde be his fatall end Nowe for as much as bothe of them were in Epyre not knowing that they were in Italy also to th entent to auoyd the daunger of his desteny he gladly enterprysed warre in a straunge land Therfore when he came into Italye the firste warre that he had was with the Appulians but when he vnderstode the destenies of their City he entred a leage and amity with their king For at that time the head City of Appulia was Brunduse the which was founded by the Aetolians vnder the conducte of Dyomedes that famous captaine for hys renowmed actes at the battell of Troye But being expulsed by thappulians they asked counsell of the Oracles Where answer was made that they shoulde possesse the place that they required for euer Here vppon they required thappulians by their ambassadors to render their Citye againe or elsse they threatned to make sharpe warre vpon them The Appulians hauynge knowledge of the answer of the Oracle slew the ambassadoures and bucied them in the Citye there to haue their dwellinge for euer and so hauing dispatched the meaninge of the Oracle they enioyed the City a great time The which dede when Alexander of Epyre knew of for reuerēce to the destinies of so long continuaunce he made no more warre to the Appulians Then made he warre with the Brutians and Lucanes won many cities of theirs Also he concluded a peace and frendship with the Metapontines Rutilians and Romains But the Brutians and Lucanes hauing gotten hope of their neighbors fiersly renewed the warres againe There the king neare vnto the citye Pandose and the riuer Acheruse was wounded to deathe not knowing the name of his fatall place besore he was slaine and when he should die he perceiued that in his own country was no nead for him to fear death for the whiche cause he had forsaken his countrye The Tyrians raunsomed his body at the charges of their city and buried it honorably While these things wer in doing in Italy Zopyrion also whome Alexander the great had lefte president of Pontus thinking himself dishonored if he laye still and attempted nothinge raised an army of xxx M. souldiers and made war to the Scythians Where being ◅aine wythal his hoste he suffred due punishment for making war so rashly againste an vnhurtfull kinde of people When tidinges of these thinges were brought vnto Alexander into Parthia he made himself very sory for the death of his cosen Alexāder and commaunded al his host to morne for him by the space of iii. daies After this as though the warre had ben ended in the death of Darius when all men loked to returne into their
but of loue Whervppon callyng to her the souldiers she sent certayn of them herself to thrust her syster through Who enteryng into the temple when they could not pull her oute they cut of her handes as she had clasped them about the Image of the Goddesse Then Cleopatra cursyng those wicked murderers besechyng the Goddes whose sanctuary they had defyled to reuenge her vppon them dyed It was not long after but Cyricenus encountered again with his brother where gettyng â—…hupper hand he tooke Gryphin the wyfe of Grypho prysoner which latelie had put her syster to death with execucion of whome he dyd obsequies to his wyues Ghoste But in Egypt Cleopatra beyng greued that her sonne Ptolomy should be partener with her in the kyngdome incensed the people agaynste him and hauyng taken his wyfe Seleuce awaye from him which was so much to more griefe to him bycause he had begotten two sonnes by her bannished him the Realme sendyng for her yonger sonne Alexander whome she crowned kyng in his brothers stead And yet beyng contented to haue banished her sonne she pursued him with battell where he kept as a bannished man in Cyprus When she had dryuen him from thence also she put the Capitayn of her host to death bycause he had suffered him to escape alyue out of his handes Albeit to say the truthe Ptolomy departed oute of the Ilande rather because he was ashamed to fyghte with his mother then that he was not of power able to encounter her Alexander therefore dreadyng this his mothers crueltie departed his waye and left her alone desyring rather to lyue meanely in quiet saufegarde then to reygne as a kyng alwayes in daunger of his lyfe Cleopatra fearyng least Cyricenus should helpe her elder sonne Ptolomy to recouer the kyngdome of Egypt sent great ayde to Grypho and her daughter Seleuce to be his wyfe to th entent he should persyst enemie to her fyrst husband as he had ben before and also sent Ambassadors to her sonne Alexander to call him to the kyngdome agayne Agaynst whome as she was practisyng of mischief to bryng him to destruccion she was by him preuented and put to death and so she ended her lyfe not by naturall destynie but by deserued murder Surelie she was well worthie of such a slaunderous death which had defyled her owne mothers bed and put her besyde her husband whiche had made two of her daughters so oftentymes wydowes by choppyng and chaungyng of their husbandes which had banished th one of her sonnes pursewyng him with battell when she had done and hauyng wrested the kyngdome from thother had practised also to bryng him to his ende through treason Neuerthelesse Alexander himself escaped not altogyther vnpunished for committyng so abhominable a murder For assone as it was knowen that the mother was slayne by the wickednesse of her sonne the people rose agaynst him and draue him into exyle and callyng home Ptolomy agayne set him in possession of the kyngdome who was of that modestie that he would neyther make warre agaynste his mother nor yet chalenge that of his brother by force which was his before by right of inheritance Whyle these thynges were a doyng a bastard brother of his to whome his father had by his laste will bequeathed the kyngdome of Cyrene deceased and lefte the people of Rome to be his heyre For by this tyme the fortune of Rome was such â–ª that beyng not content with the boundes of Italie it began to stretche itselfe to the kyngdomes of the East By meanes whereof that part of Lybie was at that tyme made a prouynce and shortlie after Candy and Cilicia beyng subdued in the warres agaynst the Pyrates were brought in lykewyse in order of prouynces By the which dede bothe the kyngdomes of Syria and Egypt were streightned by the neyboured of the Romaynes and whereas before tymes they were wonte to encrease their Dominion by warryng vppon their borderers now beyng abridged of their lybertie to roue whâ—…r they lyst they turned their power to their own confusion In so much that beyng coÌ„sumed through coÌ„tinuall feightyng they were had in despight of their next neighbours and were as a praye to the Arabians whiche before that tyme were neuer knowen to be menne of warre Whose kyng Herotymus vppon trust that he had in his syx hun dred sonnes whiche he had begotten of his concubynes with sundrie Armies made rodes somtimes into Egypt and sometyme into Syria by meanes whereof within a while through the weaknesse and feblenesse of his neighbours he made the name of the Arabians famous and redoubted The. xl Boke THe kyng kyngdome of Syria being consumed through the natural hatred of the brothers and through the deadlie enmytie of their children succedyng in their fathers steppes one after an other with so mortal warre as neuer could be appeased the people resorted to straungers for refuge and be gan to loke about them for some forreyn kyng Therfore when as some thought it good to sende for Mithridates kyng of Pontus and some for Ptolomy kyng of Egypt and that it came to their remembraunce that Mithridates on th one syde was entangled with the warres of the Romayns and that Ptolomy on thother syde hadde euer ben an enemie to the kyngdome of Syria they consented all vppon Tygranes kyng of Armenia who besydes the power of his owne countrie was also supported by confederacie with the Parthians and by aliance with Mythridates Beyng therfore crowned king of Syria he enioyed the kyngdome excedyng quietlie by the space of eyghtene yeres hauyng no nede at all eyther to assayle others him selfe or to repulse others that assayled him But as Syria was in sauftie from forreyne 〈◊〉 â—…o was it greatlie wasted with an erthquake in the which ther perisshed an hundred threskore ten thousand men besydes the ruine of manie cities The whiche wonder the soothesayers interpreted to betoken a great alteracion of thynges For when Lucullus had ouercome Tygranes he proclaymed Antiochus the sonne of Cyricenus kyng But that which Lucullus had gyuen Pompeius afterward toke awaye who tolde him that he would not haue made him kyng of Syria no though he had sewed for it and muche lesse put it in his mouthe without chalengyng it Consyderyng that duryng the eyghtene yeres that Tygranes held Syria he had lyen lurkyng in a corner of Sylicia but assone as the Romayns had ouercome the sayde Tygranes he put himselfe forthe to sue for the reward of other mennes trauell Therfore lyke as yf he had had the kyngdome before he would not haue taken it from him euen so seyng he coulde fynde in his hart to suffer Tygranes to enioye it peaceablie so long he would not bestowe the thyng vppon him which he knew not howe to defende for doubte lest he might be an occasion that the Jewes and ArabiaÌ„s should enterprise to robbe and spoyle the countrie of Syria agayn So
he brought Syrie into the forme of a Prouynce and by lytle and lytle through the discorde of the blood Royall the Easte came in subiection to the Romaynes The. xli Boke THe Parthianes in whose hande the whole worlde beyng as it were denided betwene them and the Romains Th empyre of the East as than was were banished men of Scythia The which thyng the verie name of them bewrayeth for in the Scythian language bannished men are called Parthians These in the tyme of Thassyrian Median Empyres were of all the peoples of the East moste base After warde also when Th empyre was translated from the Medes to the Persians they were as a sorte of Rascalles without name and a continuall pray to the Conquerors Lastely when the Macedones ruled the East lyke triumphant conquerors they were in subieccion vnto them in so much that there is no man but woulde wonder to see howe by their prowesse and actiuitie they shoulde aspyre to so great felicitie as to haue dominion euen ouer those kynges and kyngdomes â–ª vnder whose Empyre they serued sometyme as rascall slaues Furthermore beyng assayled of the Romaynes in three battels by Capytaynes of great experience actiuitie in the chefest tyme of their prosperitie when they florished moste in the renowme of onelie they onelie of all Nacions were able not onely to matche them but also to conquer theÌ„ Although in dede it may be counted a greater glory that thei could ryse and put vp their head from among those Empyres of Assyria Media and Persia that were so renoumed in tymes past and also from vnder that moste ryche and wealthie Empyre of Bactria that had a thousand cyties vnder it then to haue vanquished the force of traungers so farre from them Furthermore whyle the Scythians were sore vexed with the continuall warres of their neighbours and in maner oppressed with the continuance of daungerous encounters these Parthians beyng through domesticall dissention expulsed oute of Scythia toke by â—…telth the desertes betwene Hyrcanie and the Daces the Areans and the Spartanes and the Maianes In continuance of tyme fyrste without let or interrupcion of theire neighbours and afterwarde maugre their headdes dooe the best worst they coulde they dilated the borders of their countrie so farre that they posfessed not onely the wyde fyeldes bottomes of all the champion countrie but also the cragged clyffes and the the toppes of the high mountaynes whereby it commeth to passe that moste places within the coast of Paâ—…a are eyther excessinely whoâ—…e or extremely colde by reason that the 〈◊〉 are commonly infested with snow and the open â—…yelds with the heate of the sunne After the decay of th eÌ„pyre of Macedone the countrie was gouerned by kinges Next vnto the Mayestie of the king is the state of the commonaltie for out of it are chosen Capitaynes in tyme of warre and magistrates in time of peace Their language is a meane betwene the Scythian and Median mixed indifferentlie of them bothe They had sometyme a fashion of apparell peculiar by them selfes but after the tyme they grewe ryche it became fyne and full of clothe after the maner of the Medes They kepe the same order in their warres and in feightyng as doe the Scythians their ancestours Their armie is not as other nacions be of free men but for the more part of bondmen Thâ—… which sorte of people forasmuch as it is not lawfull for anie man to set anie of them at libertie and therevppon all are bondemeÌ„ borne daylie multiplieth and encreaseth enstructing them with great diligence to ryde horses and to shote Accordyng as euery man is of welthe so fyndeth he the kyng mo horsemen to the warres Finally when Antonie made warre agaynst the Parthians of fyftie thousand horsemen that met him in the fyelde there were but eight hundred of them that were fre borne They cannot skyll of feighting at hand in the battell nor of wynnyng Cyties by siege They feight eyther runnyng right forth with their horses or els retiryng backe oftentymes also they wil make as though they sled to th entent their enemie pursewyng them vnaduisedlie may ly more open to receyue a wonde of theÌ„ when they shall ioyne battell they vse not to sound a trumpet but a Tympane neyther can they endure to feight any long whyle But if they wer of lyke force and as good in continuance as they are at the fyrst brunt no Nacion in the worlde were able to abyde them For the moâ—…e part euen in the whotest of the skyrmysh they forsake the fyelde and anone after they turne agayne begynne the battell a freshe in so muche that when a man thynkes himself moste sure of the victorie then standes he in moste hasarde of discomfyture Theire armour as well for themselfes as for theire horses are made all of plates of stele ouerlayd with fathers wherwithall both of them are keuered from top to toe Golde and syluer they occupye not but in their Armour Euery man for de light y â— they haue in sensualitie hath many wyues a piece and yet thâ—…y chastire no offence so sore as aduoutrie and whoredome Wherevppon they vtterlie forbid women not onely the conuerfacion with men but also coÌ„municacion for once to loke vppon a man They eate no flesh onlesse they catch it in huntyng They are caryed on horseback at al tymes On horseback they feight w t the enemy on hrsebacke they feaste on horsebacke they execute all affayres as well publike as priuate on horsebacke they gooe from place to place on horsebacke they bye and fell and on horsebacke they talke one with an other Fynally this is the difference betwene a gentleman and a slaue that the slaue neuer rydeth nor the genleman neuer goeth on fote Their common buryall is eyther to be deâ—…oured with dogges or to be eaten with byrdes and when the bones are left bare they to burye them in the earthe They are all a lyke maruelous superstitious in doyng honor and reuerence to the Goddes The natur of the people is arrogant seditious deceitful and malapart For they thynke that boysterousnesse is mete for menne and mekenesse mete for women They are euer vnquiet gyuen to quarrell eyther with straungers or els among themselfes of nature close and secret more readie to dooe then to talke and therfore whether they spede wel or yl they make no boaste of They obey their rulers for feare more then for shame to sensualitie they are altogyther prone and enclyned and yet they are but small feders There is no trust to be gyuen to theire wordes for they will kepe promyse no further then is for their owne profyte After the death of great Alexander when the kingdomes of the east were diuided amongest his successouâ—…s There was none of the Macedones that would vouchesafe to take vppon him the kyngdome of Parthia By meanes whereof it
the Sun with thynter pretatioÌ„ ther of Agathocles setteth hys ships on fyre A slaughter of the Caâ—…tha ginenses The cities oâ—… Aâ—…icke reuolte to Agathocles A slaughter of the Carthâ—… ginenses in Sicâ—… The kynge Cyrene Cyrene 〈◊〉 teth to Agathocles Another great slaugâ—… ter of the 〈◊〉 thaginienses The punyshment of Bomilcar The wordes of Bomilcar vppon the 〈◊〉 Agathoâ—…les returneth into Sicil and raisâ—…th the siege of Syracuse A mutiny Agathoâ—…es taketh a 〈◊〉 by 〈◊〉 â–ª Agathocles stealâ—…th froâ—… his 〈◊〉 Agathoclâ—…s sonns are 〈◊〉 to death Agathoclâ—… taketh 〈◊〉 wyth the Câ—… thaginenses Agathocles maketh war in Italy The manner of the educati on of the Lucanes The 〈◊〉 of the Bruâ—…ans The warâ—… of â—…he Brutâ—…ans Agathocleâ—… arriued in 〈◊〉 â–ª taly Agathocles falleth syckâ—… A fayâ—…hful and louynge wyfe A descriptyon of a lamentable departure The death 〈◊〉 Agathoâ—…s The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…uade 〈◊〉 He 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 of Pyrrhus mentioned 〈◊〉 the. xviii boke Pyrrhus loâ—…eth the king dome of Sicill A notable example of the variablenesse of fortune Of the educa tion and preferment of Hiero. H 〈◊〉 lâ—…ft thâ—… xvi 〈◊〉 Antâ—…chus the sonne of 〈◊〉 and Anâ—…gonus the sonne of 〈◊〉 The Grekes rebeil agaynst themâ—…yre The Grekes are â—…ut to â—…ght by the â—…lian â—…heardes He pursueth the treachery and deceit of Ptolomy â—…eÌ„â—…oned in the xvi boke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ryeth hys owneâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iudas 〈◊〉 The naturall affectyon of amother The 〈◊〉 crucity of Pâ—…o 〈◊〉 toward hys syster Murdâ—… 〈◊〉 peth not 〈◊〉 punâ—… Of the â—…ges of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 hardynesse of Ptolomy The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The â—…ful 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 men inuade â—…gayne The malapâ—…r te scoffyng of Brennus The situatioÌ„ of the temple of Delphos The description of the place where the 〈◊〉 are geuen The â—…of Euridanus and 〈◊〉 salonus The Oracle before the 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 The frenche men assalte the citie of Delphos note the ilusi on of y ◠〈◊〉 The frenche men are put to the 〈◊〉 and oppressed wyth lyghtâ—… and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 â—… men 〈◊〉 of Grece and the vtter destrucryon of them Here foloweth the storye 〈◊〉 in the beginning of the laste booke The French men inuade Macedone the thyrdâ—… tyme. Antigonus po licy to 〈◊〉 himselfe and hys A slaughtâ—… of the french men The greate encreaseof the frenchmen and theyr redouted prow 〈◊〉 The original of the French grekes in Asia the lesse Loke the xxiii boke Pyrâ—…hus con quereth Maâ—… 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 again The doingeâ—… of Pyrrhus The 〈◊〉 raygne of â—…he tirant 〈◊〉 The prudent deuise of Helemat in suppressyng the Tyrant The poliâ—…yke celerity of An tigonus in suppressyng his enemyes The furious cruelty of the frenthmen towardes theyr owne wiues and children The 〈◊〉 slaughter of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 ful 〈◊〉 of fortune Read more of the stories of Epyre in the. xxviii booke A gas kyng of â—…yrene â—…uoutry re â—…enged 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 aâ—…d put to death The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The fortunaâ—…e mischaÌ„s of Seleucus 〈◊〉 is vanquished by 〈◊〉 kynge of Egypt The wicked and ambitious â—…urde of Antiochus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 brother 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vanquished by Emneâ—…s kinge of Bythiâ—…a Asia the 〈◊〉 mon prayâ—… 〈◊〉 kynges Antiochus is ouercome of Seâ—…cus 〈◊〉 is slayne by theues 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hys 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 history of â—… 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 â–ª 〈◊〉 He was the soune of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…pussed by 〈◊〉 The good an swer of the Aeâ—…yans to the ambassadoures of Rome The Aâ—…ly â–ª ans inuade Acarâ—… The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cay of the â—…loud royall in Epyre. The â—…aunce of God for 〈◊〉 murdâ—… The pollicy of Antigonus in retaynyng the kyngdom of Macedone Warre betwene the Spartanes and the Macedones The couragy ousnesse of 〈◊〉 kyng of the Lacedemonians The 〈◊〉 of Antigonus hauing gotâ—… the victory The sonne of Demetrius An alteratioÌ„ of kingdomes by the successi on of younge kynges The occasâ—…on of the wars betwene the Româ—…es and the Macedones Philip perswadeth the Grekes to peace and tranquilitye Philip 〈◊〉 defiancâ—… to the Romaines The Romaines and Phil â—…ip sollicit the Acâ—…olians th one agaynst the other The Darbanians inuade Macedone Phillip is â—…exed wyth the coÌ„plaints of his confederates Phillip tâ—…keth truse wyth the Ro maines See what the euyll ensample 〈◊〉 a prince dotâ—… â–ª God sendeâ—… fortune to fooles The 〈◊〉 and abheminable 〈◊〉 of Pâ—…olomy Phâ—… patâ—…r The death of Prolomy and the banyshment of hys strumpets The Româ—…nes are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Egypt Complaintâ—… 〈◊〉 aâ—…st Philâ—… aâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 made agayâ—… hym by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An earthquake Phillip encourageth the Macedones a gainst the Romaines 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 Phillip 〈◊〉 â—… 〈◊〉 â–ª Antiochus inuadeth the Empyre of Egypt King of the Lacedemonians An ambassaâ—… sent into â—…fricke to surprise 〈◊〉 Hanniball prâ—…uenteth the deuyses of the Romaines Nabis is oâ—…ercome Nabis renuâ—…th the wars 〈◊〉 â–ª The 〈◊〉 of Philopemenes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with Antiochus He that â—…kens wyth out hys hoste muste 〈◊〉 twise Hannibals counsel to An tiochus agaynste the Romaines A messenger is sent to Carthage from â—…ball The 〈◊〉 ger is apprehended The messanger eskapeth and returneth to Hannibal An ambassad sente from Rome to Antiochus Flatterye Antiochus is displeased 〈◊〉 Haniball for kepyng compani with the Romaines The effect of the Romayne ambassade the answer of Antiochus Consultation concernyng the warres of the 〈◊〉 nes Hannibals adusye as coÌ„cernyng the maintenance of the wars with the Romaines The nature of 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 â–ª 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 flyghâ—… â–ª Hannibal is taken into 〈◊〉 uor again â–ª Hannibal being made admiral of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 by the Romaines â–ª Antiochus â—…esyreth peace The constaÌ„te and vncorupt minde of Affricanus towarde hys countrye Articles of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A battel betwene 〈◊〉 and the 〈◊〉 The magnamâ—…ty of the Romainâ—…s The Aetolians are subdued by the Romaines The 〈◊〉 ou 〈◊〉 the â—…ans and thâ—… Achcaâ—…s â–ª The 〈◊〉 ble courage of Philopemenes aâ—…hys death The death of Antiochus The modesty of Dâ—…metrius wyth the frute therof â—…rtue proâ—…â—…nuy Whâ—…e 〈◊〉 a man 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 worse neyghboure 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bringeth 〈◊〉 home The death of Philâ—…yp kyng of 〈◊〉 What natyons Perses procured to take his part agaynste the Romaines The punyshmente of Saâ—…ledge The original of the Istrians Cowardise punyshâ—…d with râ—…proch Warre betwene Prusias as and Eumenes The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Haâ—…ibals â—…tageme The deathe of Hanniball The commen dation of HaÌ„niball The preparatâ—…on of the Ro mains and of Philip one against another The Eclipse of the moone The baliant nesse of M. Cato Perses flyeth and is taken prysonner with his chil dren The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the monarchy of 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of the Romaâ—… nes agaynst the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…o 〈◊〉 beforâ—… 〈◊〉 net Corynthe