offered in Temptation unto a Bait and this is presently and greedily devoured but afterwards Conscience as an Hook holds the sinner and does torment him 'T is a sore trouble to have an House that is really haunted with Spirits to be disturbed with noises voices and frighting Apparitions 'T is likewise exceeding grievous to be haunted with an evil Conscience to have this continually Objecting the guilt which we have contracted and affrighting us with the Wrath of God the Chains of Darkness and the Vengeance of Eternal Fire which are threatned against the Workers of Iniquity 9. 'T is Conscience reflecting upon our sincerity which produces such Peace and Satisfaction The Persons whom we converse with and that take notice of our Actions are not competent Judges of our sincerity for 't is not in their Power to look into our Hearts But Conscience as it does discern so it approves uprightness That Italian Philosopher and Poet Petrarch has an Excellent saying What though thy Neighbours celebrate thy Name they deceive one another and all deceive thee Be not lifted up with the Testimony of others there is within thee a more uncorrupted and certain Witness and that 's thy Conscience ask this concerning thy self and give credit to it And in another place he says (p) Vulgus te notum faciet virtus clarum conscientia securum Petrarch The People will make thee known Vertue will make thee Famous but 't is Conscience approving thee that makes thee comfortable and secure Oh Conscience how insuperable are thy Consolations Though Satan the Accuser of the Brethren call me Hypocrite though Romish Pseudo-Catholicks do call me Heretick though furious and uncharitable Protestants do call me Schismatick yet if Conscience rightly informed by the Word of God say I am sincere I shall have Peace whoever endeavour to disturb me Thus have I proved at large that there is a Conscience in Man I now add these following particulars 1. This thing called Conscience is in every one there is no Man without it You may as well suppose a Man without an Understanding as without a Conscience and without a power to know any thing as without a power to reflect upon himself Every reasonable Soul being capable both of Sin and Grace is endued with a power of reflecting upon it self that sin may be condemned and Grace may be approved All are called upon to consider their ways Hag. 1. 5. 7. but to take our own ways into consideration is the work of Conscience Conscience therefore is in all Let none therefore sin presumptuously and securely as if they had no Conscience at present to Observe them or at any time to Reproach and torture them 2. This Conscience when awakened will deal plainly with the greatest It regards not the high Estate of Persons but will tell them their own without Flattery Pharaoh at first crys out Who is the Lord that I should Obey his Voice I know not the Lord neither will I let Israel go Exod. 5. 2. But afterwards the Lords Miracles which he wrought and the Plagues which he inflicted upon the Egyptians awakened the Conscience of Pharaoh and he crys out unto Moses and Aaron I have sinned the Lord is Righteous and I and my People are wicked Exod. 9. 27. He speaks this Language unto Moses because Conscience had before spoken the same Language to him and had told him of his sin and wickedness and the Righteousness of that God whom he had exalted himself against Conscience did flie in the Face of Belshazzar though so great a Monarch when the Hand did write his doom upon the Wall and put him into such a consternation * Sa. Danyel Life and Reign of Henry 1 pag. 65 66. that his countenance was changed the joynts of his Loins were loosed and his Knees smote one against another Dan. 5. 6. After King Henry the First had put out the Eyes of Robert his Eldest Brother and had lost William his Eldest and onely Son in a Storm at Sea this sudden clap of Gods Judgment did make his Conscience shrink with terror his sleeps were very tumultuous and full of Affrightments wherein he would often rise and take his Sword and be in Act as if he defended himself against assaults of his Person And the Historian says the King was never seen to Laugh afterwards Sir Walter Rawleigh Observes how the Consciences of Kings have been startled when Death has been within view and have forced them to do what before they refused and then adds these words (*) Hist of the World lib. 5. c. 6. Sect. 12. pag. 669. O eloquent just and mighty Death whom none could advise thou hast perswaded what none hath dared thou hast done and whom all the World hath flattered thou onely hast cast out of the World and despised thou hast drawn together all the far-stretched greatness all the Pride Cruelty and Ambition of Man and cover'd it over with these two narrow words Hic jacet here it all lies buried Conscience respects not the Persons of Princes but will flie in the Face of the proudest of them when God does give it a Commission 3. Conscience is not to be escaped we can no more flie from Conscience than we can run away from our selves When the Lord gives this Officer a Command and Power to speak we are forced to hear it as David speaks concerning God himself Whither shall I go from thy Spirit Whither shall I flee from thy presence If I ascend into Heaven thou art there if I make my Bed in Hell behold thou art there if I take the wings of the Morning and fly to the uttermost parts of the Sea thy Hand will reach me if I say the darkness shall cover me the Night shall be light about me Psal 139. 7-11 So truly these words may in part be applyed unto Conscience Whither shall we go from our own Spirits whither shall we flee from the presence of our Consciences 'T will go after us to Heaven 't will follow us down to Hell if we travel into the remotest Regions we cannot shake off Conscience but 't will be our Companion and Observer No darkness can hide any thing from its view but the Night shineth as the Day the darkness and the light are both alike to it Hieroclus upon Pythagoras calls Conscience 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Keeper most intimate and unavoidable Nec fugere nec fugare potes You can neither fly from it nor cause it to fly from you Very Devout is that Meditation of Bernard (q) Peccata mea celare non possum quoniam quocunque vado conscientia mea mecum est secum portans quid in eâ posui sive bonum sive malum Servat vivo restituet defuncto depositum quod servandum accepit Si malè facio adest illa si autem bene facere videor inde extollor adest illa adest vivo sequitur mortuum ubique mihi gloria vel confusio inseparabilis pro
fellowship with him that we endeavour to do that which is good in his sight And as we would escape his anger and his smoaking jealousie which will utterly consume us that we beware of that which is worst of evils sinning against him 2. Consider the Power of Conscience if we take Power for Authority God has given great Authority unto the Conscience And a Man must rather disobey Kings and Emperours then disobey Conscience Nebuchadnezzar commanded the three Children to Worship the Golden Image that he had set up Conscience commanded them to refuse to Worship it They obey Conscience and rather than Conscience should fly in their faces for idolatry they venture to be cast into a fiery furnace Dan. 3. If we take Power for Ability Conscience is a thing of greater force and strength If it be good how can it sweeten any condition though in it self never so calamitous but if Conscience be bad 't is sufficient to put gall and bitternesse into all your Comforts 3. If you heed Conscience 't is the way to have you and your Consciences agree together Conscience will dwell with you and you cannot help it Oh therefore hearken to it and satisfie it for this will be much for your own peace and satisfaction There is a twofold Peace which it highly concerns us to look after Peace above and Peace within Peace above with God we should be sollicitous about there is no contending with Him that is Almighty Let the Potsherds strive with the Potsherds of the Earth but wo unto him that striveth with his Maker Esa 45. 9. How earnest then should we be that being justified by Faith we may have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ And next unto peace with God we should endeavour after peace within even peace of Conscience and if we hearken and do what an enlightned Conscience commands and walk before God in Truth Conscience will speak Peace and that peace it will be true 4. Consider That in the hour of distresse and especially at the time of your dissolution the good Word of Conscience will do more good to you than all the World A cleer Conscience makes a triumphant Saint before he does expire Mark the perfect man and behold the upright for the end of that man is Peace Psal 37. 37. How many have lookt death in the face undaunted because Conscience has born witnesse to their sincerity * Melch. Adamus in vitâ Lutheri pag. 154 155. When Luther was sick of his last distemper and grew towards his end he waked at midnight and perceiving his Earthly Tabernacle was falling to the ground he brake forth into Thanksgiving to God for revealing Christ to him whom he believed whom he professed whom he loved whom he celebrated and whom the Pope with the Company of the wicked did persecute Then he prayed to his Heavenly Father to receive his spirit and added though I must now lay down this Body yet I know most certainly that I shall ever be with the Lord and none shall pluck me out of his hand Here was a Conscience cleer a Death without Fear and an abundant entrance into the Everlasting Kingdom 5. Heed Conscience for 't will go with you to the bar of God (t) Quando Deus judex erit alius testis quà m Conscientia tua non erit Inter Judicem justum Conscientiam tuam noli timere nisi causam tuam Augustin Enarrat in Psal 37. pag. mihi 323. and certainly 't will be sad to be followed to that Tribunal by a guilty Conscience crying out against you If Conscience excuse you and plead for you before your Judge how sweet and comfortable will that be if it produce sincere obedience and the Righteousness of Christ apprehended by Faith to cover all your guilt and make up all your imperfections this will make you lift up your heads with joy and confidence But if Conscience does accuse you of impenitency in sin all your days though it often warned you to mourn and turn these accusations as they cannot be evaded so they will be unconceivably terrifying and confounding to you 6. Heed Conscience for 't will remain in you forever 't will be Eternally with the Saints in Glory After a Believer has fought the good fight has finished his course has kept the Faith has been acquitted at the judgement seat and has received the Crown of Righteousness then Conscience will be fully at rest Work is now done danger is now past and the possession of the inheritance is secured Rev. 3. 12. Him that overcometh will I make a Pillar in the Temple of my God and he shall go no more out Conscience also will be eternally with the reprobates in misery And as Job's Messengers did tell him that his Cattel were destroyed and his Substance taken away and they only were left alone to tell him So Conscience will speak after the same manner unto the damned O you self-destroying Sinners your consolation is all received your good things are come to an end your profits and Pleasures are quite fled away and gone And I only am left alone to tell you To tell you of your madness in loving sin in idolizing a vain World in slighting Salvation and bringing your selves notwithstanding all warnings into Eternal misery I have done with the first Doctrine That God has placed a Conscience in Man Doct. 2. The second Doctrine is this To have a good Conscience should be every one 's greatest care This is one end of the Commandement not onely that there may be Love a pure Heart and Faith unfeigned but also a good Conscience 1 Tim. 1. 5. so 1 Pet. 3. 16. Sanctifie the Lord God in your Hearts having a good Conscience that whereas they speak evil of you as of Evil doers they may be ashamed who falsly accuse your good Conversation in Christ 'T is the observation of Augustine (u) Ecce quid prodest plena bonis arca inanis Conscientia Bona vis habere bonus non vis esse Non vides te erubescere debere de bonis tuis si domus tua plena est bonis te habet malum Quid enim est quod velis habere malum Nihil omnino non uxorem non filium non filiam non servum non ancillam non villam non tunicam postremò non caligam tamen vis habere malam vitam August De verbis Domini Serm. 12. pagin mihi 57. Tom. 10. that Men are willing to have all things else good but their Consciences are bad and they themselves are Evil. There is no man but desires his Wife should be good his Children good his Servants good the House that he dwells in good the An he lives in good the Food he eats good the Clothes he wares good he does not care to have any thing bad about him How comes it to passe that he is too well content to have a bad Conscience within him This is our natural
be so unfaithful as seldom to admonish yet at length 't will awake and then 't will be found that it knowes and remembers all misdoings The Regenerate likewise have a Conscience which is enlightned and purged and renewed by the Blood and VVord and Spirit of our Lord Jesus 3. As 't is clear from Scripture that there is a Conscience in Man so 't is evident by experience And here I shall make an appeal unto every ones sense and observation in three following questions 1. What is it that speaks to you when (*) Nemo minus solus quam cum solus alone and tells you that there is an All-seeing God but Conscience (l) NOTE Whenever Conscience performs its office aright t is inlightned and acted by the Spirit of God The Spirit therefore is to be acknowledged for without him Conscience would have no light or life or power or feeling 'T is this which brings to your remembrance that the Lord who is so holy is alwayes present that no darkness or retired corner can hide you from him but he compasses your path and your lying down and is acquainted with all your ways 2. What is it but Conscience that forbids the yeilding to temptations even unto the most secret sins Secret places can hide the Sinner from the eye of man and there are some Sins namely heart wickednesses which man can take no cognizance of and yet we are checkt when we are giving way to these which shewes there is a Conscience as well as a God privy to them When Satan and a deceitful Heart do plead for Sin and perswade to it by this argument that never any are likely to know it yet even then conscience declares against it and cryes out Oh do not that abominable thing which God hates 'T was well said by one of the Ancients to the Gentiles Vos conscios timetis nos conscientiam You are afraid lest others should be conscious to what you do we fear even our own Consciences 3. What is it but Conscience that impresses a fear of a Judgment which is to come (m) Beatus erit quisquis non sine memoriâ divini judicii omnia gesserit Hillar in Psal 118. Rythm Bernard Expavesco miser multùm Judicis severi vultum Quem latebit nil occultum Nec manebit quid inultum Et quis nostrûm non timebit Quando Judex apparebit Ante quem ignis ardebit Peccatores qui delebit It many times with a great deal of Power does mind us of such Scriptures God has appointed a day wherein he will Judge the World in Righteousness Acts 17. 31. We must all appear before the Judgment-seat of Christ that every one may receive the things done in his Body according to that he hath done whether it be good or bad 2 Cor. 5. 10. And Conscience knowing these Terrors of the Lord perswade Men to Repentance and to labour that whether present or absent they may be accepted of him 'T was a saying of Tertullian Conscientia est prae-judicium extremi judicii Conscience is a Judging before the last Judgment but still it tells of and referrs to the last Judgment that hereby the Heart may be over-awed 4. What is it but Conscience which urges unto secret Duties the Omission of which the World can take no notice of There is a Monitor within us which tells us that our Father is and sees in secret and will reward openly such as secretly and sincerely seek him Mat. 6. When our Hearts the desperate wickedness whereof is not quite cured in the best of us draw back from Prayer in the Closet Conscience then presses to it and pleads the Command the Advantage what an Evidence 't is of uprightness to be often with God alone This same Monitor likewise puts us upon the searching into and study of the Scripture for 't is the Character and property of the Blessed Man to have his Delight in the Law of the Lord and in that Law to Meditate Day and Night Psal 1. 2. 5. What is it but Conscience that applies Truths particularly which are more generally delivered in the Ministry of the Gospel I grant indeed that this application is the Work of the Spirit of God but the Conscience of Man is made use of herein by the Holy Spirit The Preacher shoots a great many Arrows The Spirit does direct them to particular Persons and Conscience takes notice where the Arrow sticks The same Language which was in the Prophet Nathan's Mouth to David after his so foul a fall is in the Mouth of Conscience The Word speaks in the general The Soul that sins shall dye the Wages of Sin is Death But then Conscience crys out Thou art the man that hast sinned and therefore Death and Destruction will quickly over-take thee unless there be a coming by Faith unto a Saviour and a turning out of thy Destructive ways 6. What is it but Conscience which does comment upon Afflictions Folly is bound up in thy heart says Conscience therefore thou feelest the Rod to drive it far from thee Thou art Worldly-minded therefore thou meetest with Losses to wean thee from that which if still doated on will both deceive and ruine thee Thou art too much like a slothful Servant therefore says Conscience Affliction is sent to make thee mend thy pace and follow them who through Faith and Patience inherit the Promises (n) Tempestuous times Amaze poor mortals and object their crimes Herbert When Joseph's Brethren were all put into Ward in Egypt their Consciences commented upon their Restraint and brought their injurious handling of their Brother to remembrance Gen. 42. 21. And they said one to another we are verily guilty concerning our Brother in that we saw the anguish of his Soul when he besought us and we would not hear therefore is this Distress come upon us 7. What is it but Conscience that traces us in all our Actions Conscience takes notice what Principles we are Acted by what Ends we aim at it Observes both the Matter and the Manner of our Actions Conscience Examines whether Love to the Lord constrain us to his Work whether the pleasing honouring and enjoying of God be our great Design whether our Hearts and Affections be in our Services After thy Praying and Hearing and Receiving are ended doest thou not find something within thee running over all thy performances and calling thee to Account whether thou hast Prayed with Faith and Fervency whether thou hast heard believingly and with attention whether thou hast received worthily This is Conscience 8. What is it but Conscience which haunts us upon miscarriages It s Mouth is full of Reproaches and these Reproaches are unanswerable After sins especially presumptuous ones have been committed there is a secret gnawing within and that is the Worm of Conscience (o) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plutarch De his qui sero à Numine puniuntur pag. mihi 554. Plutarch compares the pleasure of sin which is
qualitate depositi Sic sic in domo propriâ à propriâ familiâ habeo accusatores testes judices tortores Bernard Meditat. devot cap. 13. pag. mihi 1060. My sins I am not able to conceal because where ever I go my Conscience is continually with me and carries with it what I have put in it whether it be good or evil It keeps for me living it will restore to me dying what I have delivered to be kept by it If I do evil Conscience is present if I seem to do good and am lifted up with Pride Conscience is present It accompanies me all my Life long 't will follow me after Death and will be my inseparable either Glory or Confusion according to the Quality of what it has Observed in me Thus thus in my own House in my own Soul I have Accusers Witnesses Judges Tormentors if I dare to give way unto Iniquity 4. Though Conscience may seem to be quite banished and for the present does no more its Office than if there were no such thing yet this Exiled and Banished thing will at last return or to speak more properly this Conscience that was imagined to be in a dead sleep or altogether careless will shew that it has been too much present with the guilty all along These six particulars are here to be Observed 1. Some great Affliction may awaken Conscience When the Widow with whom Elijah sojourned her Son fell sick and his sickness was so sore that there was no breath left in him her Conscience was exceedingly startled and she said to Elijah What have I to do with thee O thou Man of God art thou come unto me to call my sin to remembrance and to slay my Son 1 Kings 17. 17 18. The Locusts which were so very grievous that came over all the Land of Egypt extorted a Confession from Pharaoh's Conscience though his Heart was before hardned He called for Moses and Aaron in haste and said I have sinned against the Lord and against you now therefore forgive I pray thee my sin this once and intreat the Lord your God that he may take away from me this Death onely Exod. 10. 16 17. How does Affliction give new Eyes and make sin appear in other colours than before it seemed to have When the Body of a sinner is first struck with a Disease and the mind apprehends this Sickness may prove deadly and that now being Arrested the sinner must quickly appear before the Judgment-seat Ohthen what a commotion is there in the Soul and how fierce and clamourous is the Conscience which before was deeply silent 2. Conscience may awake after a fall into some scandalous sin When the long covered Hypocrisie is detected and the sly sinner which waxed worse and worse and yet was secure at length does commit some sin that the World crys shame on Oh then Conscience may joyn in with the VVorlds clamors (r) Non aurem solam percutit iracundia criminantis verùm etiam conscientiam mordet veritas criminis August l. 3. contra lit Petilian Tom. 7. and tell him that now his sin has found him out and that Heaven has revealed his iniquity and that because he has despised God he has been suffered to do that which has made himself to be lightly esteemed 3. Conscience may awake at the hearing of a powerful Sermon The messengers of the Lord are commanded to lift up their Voices like a Trumpet and the design is to startle Conscience and that sinners may be made sensible of and to know their Transgressions Isaiah 58. 1. God speaks thus to the Prophet Ezekiel chap. 6. 11. Smite with thine hand and stamp with thy foot and say Alas for all the evil abominations of the House of Israel These gestures this earnestness and crying out of abominations is used to affect the Hearts which before were stupid And truly the VVord of God has oftentimes taken impression even upon those whose Souls were more than ordinarily senseless The Apostles hearers were mockers and yet the VVord being set home they were prickt at the Heart and said Men and Brethren what shall we do Act. 2. 37. Now when the VVord does awaken the Conscience there is more ground to hope that God has a design to work a saving change and that the troubles of Spirit are but as it were the pangs which fore-run the new Birth 4. Conscience may awake when Death is within view I grant indeed that 't is too common for the ungodly to dy stupid and that there may be no bands in their death Psal 73. but yet experience shews that the approach of death does also fill many ungodly ones with horrour and amazement What made Balaam to cry out let me dye the death of the righteous and let my last end be like his Num. 23. 10. Surely he had pre-apprehensions how terrible a thing 't is for the ungodly to dye When nature is almost spent and the earthly Tabernacle is tottering and falling to the ground when Physicians are at a losse and friends stand by weeping and 't is whispered in the room Alas he cannot live many hours to an end Ah then Conscience may wake in terrible fright and the sinner may be confounded and as death comes with its sting so it may prove indeed the King of terrours 5. To be sure at judgment Conscience will be awaked thoroughly though sinners possibly may look death yet they cannot look the Judge in the face without being daunted He will strike terrour into the Hearts of those sinners that were most obstinate and unbelieving VVe read that at the great day the Books will be opened Rev. 20. 12. The Book of Scripture will be opened for by that every one must be judged The Word that I have spoken sayes Christ the same shall judge at the last day The book of Conscience will also be opened and what things are found written there will be taken notice of and must be answered for No Conscience at that day can be stupid The Heavens passing away with a great noise and the Elements melting with fervent heat and the Earth and the works therein being all in a flame every unjustified and unsanctified sinners Heart will smite him and as the Judge will condemn him so he will be condemned by his own Conscience Chrysostome (s) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chrys in Epist ad Rom. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 advises every one to look into his own Conscience presently and to be strict in self-searching that he may not be condemned with the world for 't is a dreadful Tribunal which all must appear before and the trial of every one will be thorow and impartial 6. Conscience will be with the ungodly in Hell to all Eternity Could we go down indeed to the gates of Hell and have some discourse with the damned there and ask them concerning their Consciences they would answer that a great part of Hell lyes there and that they feel within
them a Worm continually gnawing and which will never dye they would answer that their Consciences now cannot be silenced that there is no respite from their clamours that they are continually upbraiding them with their madnesse in sinning and their more than madness in refusing to turn to God and to come to Christ for Life and for Salvation Barnard has a very useful passage (t) Optimum est tunc sentiri vermem conscientiae cùm possit etiam suffocari itaque mordeat nunc ut moriatur paulatim desinat mordere Mordendo rodat interim putredinem rodendo consumat ut ipse quoque pariter Consumatur nec foveri incipiat in immortalitatem Vermis inquit eorum non morietur ignis eonum non extinguetur Bernard de Conversione ad Clericos cap. 6. pag. 845. 'T is best of all says he that Worm of Conscience should be felt presently while 't is possible to destroy this Worm Let it bite now that it may dye and by degrees give over biting at all Let it feed upon and eat away corruption that it self also may at length be consumed for 't is sad to cherish this worm against hereafter for then the worm will never dye and the Fire will never be quenched I have finished that first particular which was to prove that there is a Conscience in Man In the second place I am to tell you what this Conscience is And first I shall speak of the Name And secondly of the thing it self 1. I shall speak of the Name Conscience in Latin Conscientia into which the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which the Holy Ghost uses in the original is very well translated is so called for several reasons 1. 'T is called Conscience because 't is Cordis scientia (u) Conscientia est cordis scientia cor enim se novit multa alia cùm se novit appellatur Conscientia cùm praeter se alia nominatur Scientia Bernard de Interior dom cap. 22. the knowledge of the Heart The Heart of Man is capable of knowing it self and other things when it understands other things this is science but when it reflects upon it self this is Conscience And indeed the Heart is in a special manner observed both by Conscience and by the Lord himself Conscience if it be rightly informed will not be contented with a Conversation which Men look upon as blamelesse unlesse the Heart be upright and pure (*) Nam scelus intra se tacitum qui cogitat ullum Facti crimen habet Juv. If a man harbour malice in his breast Conscience will charge him with Murther If he look upon a Woman to lust after her it will call him before God Adulterer If he abound never so much in profession and external performances yet if when he honours God with his lips his Heart be removed far from him Conscience will say he is a meer Hypocrite 2. 'T is called Conscience because it is concludens scientia a concluding knowledge which is gathered from some premises that went before Conscience therefore is styled by some a practical Syllogism in which the major or first proposition is the VVord of God the minor or second proposition is from a reflecting on our selves whether we have done according unto or against the VVord of God And the conclusion is a passing sentence upon our selves according to the same VVord The Scripture says To be carnally minded is death and the Conscience of a sinner adds but I am carnally minded and I savour nothing else but what is carnal and therefore I am a Childe of Death And again thus He that loves the World the Love of the Father is not in him but sayes the Conscience of a worlding I love the World am greedy after it and desire nothing comparable to it therefore I neither Love the Father nor have an interest in his Love On the other hand the Scripture affirms He that receives Christ is the Son of God but sayes the Believers Conscience I am willing to receive Christ to rule me and to save me therefore I am the childe of God And again those are blessed that Hunger and Thirst after Righteousness but sayes the Believers Conscience I Hunger and Thirst after Righteousness I desire to be made truly Holy to be sanctified throughout in Body Soul and Spirit therefore I am in a blessed State 3. 'T is called Conscience because it is cum alio scientia a knowledge together with some other Conscience supposes that we are known to some other as well as to our selves and this is the best reason why 't is called Conscience But you will ask me who does know us as well as our selves 1. The all-seeing God does know us perfectly (x) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quia sciamus cum legislatore Deo ejus lege insinuante se animis nostris his idem testantibus Vossius de Orig. prog Idol l. 3. c. 42. The Apostle tells us that there is not any Creature that is not manifest in his sight but all things are naked and opened unto the eyes of him with whom we have to do Heb. 4. 13. The Psalmist speaks to the same purpose Psal 94. 8 9 10. Vnderstand O ye brutish among the People and ye Fools when will ye be wise He that planted the Ear shall He not Hear He that formed the Eye shall He not See He that Teacheth man Knowlege shall not He Know Questionless His Eyes run too and fro beholding the Evil and the Good And indeed if there were not a God who knows us as well nay better than we do our selves we should not regard our own being privy to our wickednesse there is so much Self-Love that we should not stand in awe of our own knowledge but when we consider that the Lord also knows us this causes Grief and Fear and Trouble when we do Evil. 2. Our Lord Jesus who is ready to judge the quick and dead does also know our works In all those Epistles which he sends to the seven Churches of Asia he sayes I know thy works 'T is expresly said that Jesus knew all men and needed not that any should testifie of Man for he knew what was in Man John 2. 24. 25. He understands the very secrets of the Heart as well as what appears in the practice and our Lord being to give every one his final doom and to passe that sentence which can never be repealed surely his knowledge should damp the fiercest Temptations and make us diligent that we may be found of him in peace without spot and blamelesse 3. The Elect Angels are witnesses of more than we are aware of Upon this score it is that the Apostle in his charge to Timothy mentions the Angels as well as God and Christ 1 Tim. 5. 21. I charge thee before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the Elect Angels that thou observe these things Sayes Calvin (y) Angelos Christo adjungit
no enjoying of God at all Where there is no true Holiness sinners are without God in the World they spend their Mony for that which is not Bread and their labour for that which satisfies not Isa 55. 2. They only have recourse to broken Cisterns that can hold no water but they neglect and by their iniquities are kept at a distance from the Fountain of living Waters Thus that which is the Hell of Hell they undergo on Earth and yet such is their stupidness they are little if at all concerned 2. Without a good Conscience no service that we perform can be acceptable A bad Conscience is like the dead Flie in the Apothecaries Oyntment that spoils the whole This was it that made the Lord to speak thus to Israel of old Isa 1. 11 12 13. To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto me I am full of Burnt-Offerings and the fat of fed Beasts and I delight not in the Blood of Bullocks or of Lambs or of He-Goats When ye come to appear before me who hath required at your hands to tread my Courts Bring no more vain Oblations incense is an Abomination to me the Sabbaths and calling of Assemblies I cannot away with it is Iniquity even the solemn meeting When ye spread forth your hands I will hide mine Eyes from you yea when you make many Prayers I will not Hear And the reason of all this was because their Consciences were defiled with Blood with injustice with unmercifulness with oppression Thus also Isa 66. 3. because their Consciences were defiled by chusing their own way and their souls delighted in their abominations the Lord says He that kills an Oxe is as if he slew a man he that sacrifices a Lamb is as if he cut off a Dogs neck he that offers an Oblation as if he offered Swines Blood he that burneth Incense as if he blessed an Idol Two things are absolutely necessary unto the acceptation of our services one is the Mediation of our Lord Jesus and therefore our sacrifices though never so spiritual are said to be acceptable through Jesus Christ 1 Pet. 2. 5. and the other the cleansing of Conscience from all known and allowed sin for iniquity will separate between us and our God and make him hide his face from us 3. Without a good Conscience there can be no quiet or Peace but will prove exceedingly to our prejudice (p) Malâ tranquillâ conscientiâ sicut nihil pejus ita nihil iâ—foelicius haec est illa quae nec Deum timet nec hominem reveretur Bern. De Conscien cap. 3. pag. 1109. The mirth of distracted and phrantick persons makes us ready to weep because we know how little reason there is for it and thus unreasonable is security and peace where there is an evil Conscience Sin is such a Master as none of its Servants have cause to be very jocund When Death and Hell which is the wages of sin is paid then I am sure 't will be sad day with sinners and all their jollity will be turned into the height of anguish and tribulation Art thou without a good Conscience and yet art quiet thy quietness is thy Disease As there is a Natural Lethargy whereby Bodies sleep unto natural Death so there is a Spiritual Lethargy whereby Souls sleep unto Eternal Death and they wake not till the sight of an angry God upon the Judgment-seat and the feeling of the unquenchable flames of Hell awake them He had a bad Conscience that said Soul take thine ease and so had he that fared sumptuously every day but their ease did them harm and was a means to bring them unto these torments where no ease is to be looked for Ah woe unto sinners that are at ease the ease of the simple does slay them and the prosperity of Fools destroyes them Prov. 1. 32. 4. Without a good Conscience 't is impossible that we should be truly good our selves If Conscience be bad all things else within us are likely to be a great deal worse If this which should restrain from sin connive at sin how will iniquity abound if this which should be urging unto duty does not it self do its Duty how will duty be cast off there will quickly be a saying unto God depart from us for we desire not the knowledge of thy wayes what is the Almighty that we should serve him Job 21. 14 15. To say that a man has no Conscience is as much as to say that a man has no goodness When a sinner is indeed turned unto God one of the first things that is wrought upon in him is his Conscience and the more Holy he is still his Conscience does become more Pure and wakeful and tender When a sinner that is almost perswaded to be a Christian falls back again and becomes as vile nay viler than ever his Conscience rings him many a sad peal to prevent his relapse and 't is sometimes a great while before his Conscience can be charmed But if once this is laid into a Dead sleep the lusts of the Heart will grow impetuous and strong the affections will be vile and at length there may be a running out to all excesse of Riot in the Conversation Certainly if Conscience be bad the whole man is defiled if Conscience does exercise no Authority for God sinners will fulfill the desires of the Flesh and of the Mind and will walk according to the course of this World according to the Prince of the Power of the Air the Spirit which worketh in the Children of Disobedience 5. Without a good Conscience as nothing is good in us so nothing is good or pure to us The Apostlet ells us that unto the pure all things are pure but to them whose Minds Consciences are defiled there is nothing pure Tit. 1. 15. A bad Conscience defiles every thing A man that is Conscious to himself of loved and regining sin whatever Creatures he uses he abuses his Food his Estate his Health his Strength are all impure to him because his Corruptions are served with all these his blessings are turned into Curses because he makes a sinful and Cursed use of them Nay not only things secular but also things sacred even the Ordinances of God are prophaned and polluted by an evil Conscience Prayer is turned into an Abomination and the Lord calls it Howling Hos 7. 14. They have not cryed unto me with their Hearts when they howled upon their beds The word becomes a savour of Death unto Death the Eyes being shut and the Ears closed and the Heart being more hardened under it Receiving the Lords Supper is turned into a being guilty of the Body blood of the Lord and Eating and Drinking Damnation to our selves 1 Cor. 11. Thus a bad Conscience which suffers sin to rule without any considerable disturbance spoyls all we do turns good into Evil and the better things are in themselves makes them so much the worse to us
destruction I would here propose these three things unto them whose Consciences are of so great a latitude 1. This largeness of Conscience argues great contempt of God and of his Will there is not a standing in aw of him and of his word His word is very strict his commands holy and requires that we should walk 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 exactly and circumspectly this is to be wise to do otherwise is to discover the most dangerous folly Eph. 5. 15. What manner of persons sayes the Apostle ought ye to be in all holy Conversation and Godliness 2 Pet. 3. 11. But notwithstanding all this large consciences live at random as if preciseness were more ado than needs and as if the Lord did but jest in his Holy Precepts and those terrible threats which back them but they to their cost shall find and feel he is in good earnest 2. This largeness of Conscience is a shrewd sign that sinners are in the broad way They that can swallow camels 't is easier for a Camel to go through the eye of a needle than for them to enter into the Kingdom of Heaven The Scribes and Pharisees of old did omit the weightier matters of the Law Judgement Mercy and Faith But Christ does denounce a wo unto them Mat. 23. 23. Largeness of Conscience discovers a great carelessness of the soul and too great an indifferency what becomes of it for ever And what souls are likely to miscarry if such be not We must work out our Salvation with fear and trembling if we will be saved 3. The larger Conscience is and the more is swalowed at present the greater hereafter will the account be We are all Stewards which must shortly give an account of our stewardship and though a◠present some like the steward in the Gospel many take their Bills and write Fourscore or Fifty for an Hundred Yet our Lord who will call us to an Account will be exact in reckoning and cannot be deceived by us His judgement is according to Truth Rom. 2. 2. And oh how many things will he condemn at the last day which sinners defend at present 'T will be indeed a day of Light and Manifestation both of things and persons Many persons that went for Saints will then be unmasked and found Hypocrites and have their sad portion with the Hypocrites And many things that where counted no sins will be found great sins and the lighter they were made of the more heavy and damnable they will prove unto the sinner A large Conscience therefore take heed of Attend unto the Law and to the Testimony which does discover evil and be afraid of every evil way 3. They are to be reproved whose Consciences are at peace but that peace has no solid and good foundation The most of sinners in the world have this false peace in their own Spirits sometimes they are a little awakened but are quickly hushed asleep again by that evil One who does destroy souls by thousands and by millions by carnal security Transgressors when first they venture upon sin their Consciences recoyl upon them but by degrees they grow senselesse Custom in sin and Quiet in sin do go commonly together (t) Primùm quando homo peccat videtur ei importabile processu temporis grave videtur paulo post leve judicat cùm crebris ictibus verberetur vulnera non sentit verbera non attendit In brevi vero temporis spacio non solùm non sentit sed placet dulce fit quod amarum erat asperum vertitur in suave Ad extremum non potest avelli quia consuetudo vertitur in naturam quod priùs ad faciendum erat impossibile jam impossibile est ad continendum Bernard De Consc c. 3. pag. 1109. One of the Fathers does excellently describe how the ungodly arrive unto this false peace At first sayes he sin does seem intolerable afterwards onely heavy after that being frequently given way to and Conscience stunned by many wounds makes no great matter of them in process of time sin is not burthensome at all but pleasant at last 't is turned into a second nature and the sinner can no more be drawn from it than the Ethiopian can change his skin or the Leopard his spots Jer. 13. 23. Can the Ethiopian change his skin or the Leopard his spots then may ye also do good that are accustomed to do evil A great many not onely Profane but Professors are concerned in this reproof and have no better than a false peace of Conscience Here therefore I am to shew what that peace of Conscience is which is false and also how unreasonable it is to give entertainment to it A false peace of Conscience I shall describe to you in these particulars 1. That peace of Conscience is false where Sin and Misery were never seen They who never perceived any harm in sin and wonder why the Lord in his word does speak so much against it and why his Ministers cannot let men quietly alone in the commission of it who never lookt so far as to behold that eternal death and destruction that is threatned to be brought upon the workers of iniquity these are at peace because they do not apprehend what reason they have to be troubled there is sufficient cause of grief and fear and horrour onely they want an eye to see it so as to be indeed affected There are some that are such fools as to make a mock of sin and count it a pastime to do wickedly These do no more understand what sin is nor the Hell which the Holy God has entail'd upon it than the mad-man understands what he does when he casts Fire-brands and Arrows and Death and saith am I not in sport Prov. 26. 18. Others though far from being indeed justified think they are righteous though sick after a deadly manner yet imagine they are whole and undervalue the great Physitian Both these sort of Persons have peace but 't is without ground for the former do grosly mistake sin and the later do as grosly mistake themselves 2. That peace of Conscience is false where the strong man armed keeps possession where Satan works and rules without resistance Our Lord sayes When the strong man armed keepeth his Palace his goods are in peace Luk. 11. 21. By the strong man we are to understand the Devil by his Palace we are to understand the sinners heart because as a King reigns and commands all especially in his Palace so the Devil bears sway in the hearts of the ungodly And a false peace and quiet is the great means whereby the Devils Rule and Government is upheld If you are careless and unconcerned whom you are led by 't is certain that the Devil leads you for none are led by the Spirit of God without great sollicitousness and fear of being misguided and strong cryes that they may be guided by his counsel unto his Kingdom and Glory Satan is
They see no evil in sin and they think the Lord sees none neither they love sin and they think God does not so much hate it or at least that he will connive at their wickedness Can there be a more gross mistake And how unreasonable is that Peace which is grounded upon such a mistake No secure Soul know God hates sin infinitely more than thou canst love it and though thou flatter thy self in thy own eyes for the present He will Reprove thee and set thy sins in Order before thee Oh now consider this ye that forget God lest he tear you in pieces and there be none to deliver All thy Blessing of thy self cannot make thee Blessed all thy promises to thy self are vain for thou canst not perform one of them But the Lord both can and will fulfill his threatnings and cause the curse denounced to overtake thee 2. As long as a false Peace does last Satan is unlikely to be cast out Awakened and troubled Souls are afraid of being under his Power and in time look after Deliverance but they that are secure will swallow his Baits and follow this Enemy as long as he Sails with the stream of Corrupted Nature and tempts them to that which their own wicked hearts delight in And is it not sad to be in possession and at the Command of so Cruel an Enemy A Believers Heart is the Temple of the Holy Spirit but the Heart of a wicked Man is the hole of the Old Serpent Oh the danger that such are in to be stung to death and destroyed every moment The Jews did boulster up themselves with this That they were Abraham's Seed and they were foolishly confident that God was their Father But Christ speaks plainly Ye are of your Father the Devil and the Lusts of your Father ye will do John 8. 44. The Devil is a Father to all presumptuous souls they do his Will and will be his Prey 3. This false Peace is very provoking and makes the breach between God and the Sinner still wider Barely to sin does not so much incense as to make Light of it and not to be troubled after sin has been committed The Apostle tells us that mens hardness and impenitency causes them to treasure up unto themselves wrath against the day of wrath and the Revelation of the Righteous Judgment of God Rom. 2. 5. If a Servant commit a fault and afterwards laugh in his Masters Face this is more insufferable than the fault it self Thou that canst forget God days without Number and yet art at Peace thou that canst neglect the Lord Jesus and his Benefits and yet art at peace that canst Live without the VVord and Prayer in secret and when thou prayest with others thy Heart is absent and yet art at peace Thou that canst be Intemperate Sensual Unclean Covetous Proud Slothful and yet art at peace Alas how much is God thine Enemy how bitterly dost thou provoke him unto Anger The lighter sin is made of the heavier 't will be sound and the weightier Gods indignation 4. This false Peace will be but short Job 20. 4 5. Knowest not thou this of Old since Man was placed upon the Earth that the Triumphing of the wicked is but short and the Joy of the Hypocrite but for a moment This false peace can last no longer than Life and Life is hasting to a Conclusion as the swift Ships unto the Haven and as the Eagle does unto the Prey How small is that satisfaction which the hungry man takes in a Dream of a Feast He Dreameth saith the Prophet and behold he eateth but he awaketh and his Soul is empty Isa 29. 8. Secure Souls do Dream that God is a Friend but when they awake they will find him an Enemy they Dream that they are whole but when they awake they will find that they are sick and if Hell wakes them they will find their case altogether Desperate and their Disease past Cure They Dream that they are Rich and increased with good things but when they awake they will perceive themselves empty and miserable False peace may fitly be compared to a Night-vision for as there is no real ground for it so 't is but of very short continuance 5. This false peace is threatned with sudden destruction Solomon tells us Prov. 29. 1. He that being often reproved hardneth his Neck shall suddenly be Destroyed and that without Remedy And the Apostle speaks to the same purpose 1 Thes 5. 3. When they shall say Peace and Safety then sudden Destruction cometh upon them as travel upon a Woman with Child and they shall not escape Have you never taken notice of a Man Labouring under the Falling-sickness He seems as well as any person in the VVorld eats as heartily walks as strongly as another but upon a sudden down he falls foams at Mouth beats his Breast and becomes a spectacle of great horror Sinners that have a false Peace look chearfully go up and down from day to day quietly as if no danger were near them but at length Death seizeth upon them and it seizeth on them suddenly for it finds them utterly unprepared and the first death is immediately followed by the second and if we could see them in Hell Ah how should we behold the Case altered How are they brought into Desolation as in a moment and utterly consumed with terror Psal 73. 19. All their vain hope is turned into a most tormenting despair all their false joy and peace is changed into inconceivable agonies and vexation of Spirit 6. This false peace of Conscience will very much heighten the Torment that shall follow As Heaven will be the Sweeter to Believers because of their foregoing Sorrows Sufferings and Temptations so Hell will be the more Bitter to the Ungodly because of their Confidence that they should scape it They that have a false peace do come many of them with an expectation to have the door of Heaven open to receive them Lord Lord open unto us as if they should say Lord Lord We are at the door and therefore let us have admission into thy Kingdom But when they find the door shut and shut for ever against them and instead of a place in Heaven they are thrown down into one of the hottest places in Hell Oh what weeping and wailing will be the consequent Death was the worse to the Amalekite that brought tidings of Sauls death to David because he expected a reward for his news 'T was more grievous to Agag to be hewed in pieces by Samuel before the Lord when he came forth delicately and said surely the Bitterness of Death is past So Hell will be the more intolerable unto them who fully reckoned upon it that they were secured from those burnings When a sinner that is in a false peace all his days is chased out of the world and beyond his expectation nay contrary to his expectation is turned into a flaming Hell We may conceive him thus speaking
When any perswade you to intemperance to uncleanness to injustice or any other iniquity they do in effect perswade you to make deep wounds and gashes in your own Spirits to wrong your own Souls and to go along with them towards the lake that burns and burns for ever with Fire and Brimstone Oh the cruelty of those that stir up others to sin Oh the folly of them that are prevailed with by these wretched and evil instruments of the Prince of Darkness I have done with that first Use by way of reproof VSE II. Shall be of Direction And here I am to shew first how secure Consciences may be awakened and wounded and secondly how wounded Consciences may be cured and comforted 1. How secure Consciences may be awakened Though there is many a bad Spirit which does prevail at this day yet none does more prevail than the Spirit of Slumber closed Eyes drowsie Souls senseless Hearts are every where to be met with Though so much hath been spoken though so much has been done though so much has been felt and suffered in order unto our awakening yet whose Conscience is indeed starled Prophets have been full of Power by the Spirit of the Lord and of Judgment and of might to declare unto evil doers their Transgression and their sin Mic. 3. 8. Calamity and Judgments have been strange unwonted and extraordinary and it might have been thought that such a Plague and Flames as have raged in London would hardly have left one secure sinner but all would have learned to fear that God who is so Righteous and who knows how to take a course with them that provoke him unto jealousie But alas like Pharoah of old upon the least respite the generality of sinners do harden their Hearts and their Consciences sleep sounder than ever Now in order unto your being awakened follow these directions 1. Think of that Great and Glorious Majesty which by sin is affronted and which all the sin that is in the World is committed against He is the blessed and only Potentate the King of Kings and Lord of Lords he is clothed with Honour and with Majesty and covers himself with light as with a Garment the Heaven is his Throne the Earth is his Foot-stool the whole world in comparison with him is but as the Bucket and the small dust upon the Balance and all the Nations of the Earth before him are as nothing and vanity Isa 40. 15. 17. The greater the person is that is affronted that affront is the greater crime God is the highest and greatest of all Oh how vile and hainous a thing is it to sin against him Sinner would'st thou have thy Conscience awakened believe seriously that There is a God Oh what work would this Truth make were it but firmly credited That famous Bruce of Scotland who (a) Robertus Brusius Vir genere virtute nobilis Majestate vultûs vener abilis qui plura animarum millia Christo lucrifecit cujus anima si ullius mortalium absit verbo invidia sedet in coelestibus gained many thousands of Souls to Christ was wont to say I think it a great matter to believe that there is a God And not only believe that God is but that he is so Glorious as his word proclaims him this may make thee tremble Now no sin in the World can be committed wherein this God is not concerned Those sins against Man are more against God than against man therefore David after he had murthered Vriah and defiled Bathsheba looks beyond these as high as God himself and cryes out against thee thee only have I sinned and done this Evil in thy sight Psal 51. 4. He takes notice how God was struck at in that injury he had done to his Neighbour and is wholly swallowed up in that consideration and this helped very much his awakening and contrition To how many thousands of Millions do all thy sins amount and there is not one of them but has been an act of Rebellion against the †Altare Damascenum Lord of Heaven if this were pondered it might cool thy Courage and trouble thy Conscience 2. Think how dreadful the Power of this God and his wrath being joyned together must needs prove in Scripture these two are joyned and both together are engaged against the ungodly Ezra 8. 22. The hand of our God is upon all them for good that seek him but his Power and his Wrath is against all them that forsake him If wrath be without Power 't is contemptible if Power be without wrath it may not be at all hurtful but when Wrath and Power meet they may well be trembled at The Wrath of a King is as the Roaring of a Lyon as the messengers of Death What then is the Anger of God this wrath to shew the heat and greatness of it is likened unto Fire and it burns worse than any other Fire for it burns to Hell it self Deut. 52. 32. A Fire is kindled in mine Anger and it shall burn to the lowest Hell And if you would understand the Power of this Anger know that there is no withstanding it and Oh how dismall are the effects of it in both Worlds This Anger of God has brought upon sinners Cursing and Vexation and Rebuke and has made them quickly to perish because of the Wickedness of their doings it has smitten them with a Consumption and a Fever and an Inflammation and Extreme Burning with the Pestilence and Sword and Blasting and Mildew and has made the Heaven over Sinners Heads like Brass and the Earth under their Feet like Iron It has made them when they went out one way against their Enemies to be smitten and to flee seven wayes before them and their carcasses to become meat to the Fowls of the Air and the Beasts of the Earth This Anger of God has stricken the ungodly with madness and blindness and astonishment of Heart So that life has been a burthen no rest or ease at all could be found so that in the morning they have said would God it were Evening and in the Evening would God it were morning because of the fear and trembling of their Hearts the failing of their Eyes and the sorrow of their Minds All this is spoken of at large Deut. 28. But these are not all nor the most heavy effects of Divine displeasure Indeed we are safe from mans Anger after Death we cannot feel or be concerned at what Man can do when we are in the Grave There the Wicked cease from troubling there the weary be at rest there the Prisoners rest together they hear not the voice of the oppressor Job 3. 17. 18. But Gods Anger will follow after us into the other World and then will be found most heavy That Wrath to come is most of all amazing for then as it will be intollerable to be born so 't wil be impossible to be appeased Consider all this and be affrighted and say with the Psalmist At