subdued all Greece but beeing ouercome by Tamberlaine hee dyed without renowne Callepin his sonne succeeded hee ouercame the Emperour Sigismund and beginning to spoyle the borders of Constantinople dyed in the flower of his age raigning but sixe yeeres Mahomet after him subdued the greatest part of Slauonia and Macedonia and came as farre as the Ionian sea hee remooued hys seate out of Bythinia to Adrianopolis where he dyed Amurath the second succeeded him vvho wonne Epirus Aetolia Achaia Beolia Attica and Thessalonica Mahomet the second destroyed Athence wonne Constantinople Anno 1452. he brought vnder his subiection the Empire TrapezuntiuÌ„ Corinth the Ilands of Lemnos Euboiae Mitilene and Capha a Cittie of the Genowaies he raigned 32. yeeres Baiazeth the second tooke from the Venetians Naupactus Methonia and Dirohaim he spoyled all Dalmatia and in the end vvas poysoned Zelimus his sonne wonne Archair slew the Sultan of Egypt he brought Alexandria Damascus and all Egypt vnder his Empyre Solyman his onely sonne conquered Belgrad tooke Buda the Kings Citty in Hungaria spoyled Strigonium and all Hungaria To him the Ile of Rhods was yeelded he ouerthrew the fiue Churches when the Cittie Iula was taken he besieged Zigethum was slaine in the assault This Citty his sonne Zelimus spoyled in the yeere 1566. vnder 12. Emperors they subdued vnto themselues by Turkish tyrannie in two hundred threescore yeeres a great the Persians obserue at this day after this the Sarazens possessed Affrica went forward into Asia where they flourished 200. yeares Of the Bishops Archbishops Patriarchs and Popes of Rome THE yeare of Peters comming to Rome the time of his residency in the Sea and his death there hath beene so vncertainly reported by Platina Orosius Fasciculus temporum Eusebius Vspergensis Sabellicus and Nauclerus for the first by S. Hierome Beda Fasciculus temporum Vspergensis and Platina for the second by Nicephorus Dionysius Hierome Isodorus Eusebius and Abdiâ—s for the third that diuers godly learned men haue beene induced to think and some constantly to write as Vlricus Velenus and Thomas Balaeus with one other that Peter was neuer at Rome howbeit many wise reâ—erend truly lerned fathers of our church are of opinion that he was at Rome but no Bishop thereof martired vnder Claudius Nero. Linus a Thuscane born reported to be the successour of Peter was a man of pure and godly lyfe who for preaching the Gospell suffered martyrdome vnder Saturninus the Consull in the raigne of Vespasian Emperor of Rome Anacletus the first borne at Athence waâ— of an excellent and feruent spirit and of greaâ— learning he planted the Church of God wiâ—â— daily labour in whose defence and beleefe hâ— was put to death by Domitian which he constantly indured Clement the first a Romaine for his preaching and good deeds was a long time banished by the Emperor to hew Marble stones and in the end was cast into the Sea with an Anchour about his necke Euaristus the first a Grecian borne in the time of persecution ceased not to increase the Church by his diligent preaching till he was martired vnder Traian An. Dom. 100. Alexander the first a Romaine painefully trauailed both to preach and baptize he suffered great torments till he died vnder Aurelianus president to the Emperour Anno Domini 121. Sixtus the first a Romaine diligently preached the Gospell with many good works and godly deeds beautified the Church he was vigilant and carefull for his flocke and died for it Anno 129. Telesphorus the first a Grecian vvas a worthy man for learning and godly life he bare witnes of Christ most faithfully conâ—tantly both by his words and death vnder the Emperour Antoninus An. 140. Higinus the first an Athenian of a Christian Philosopher was made a Bishop who discharging the duty of a good Pastor was put to death anno 144. Hee wrote in a Caue where he did hide himselfe in time of persecution an Epistle touching God and the incarnation of the sonne of God Pius borne in Aquilia did many godly deeds in the Church vnder Antonius Veâ—us and in the end watered the Church of Christ with his blood in martirdome 159. Anicetus a Syrian a faithfull and diligent Pastor of the Church of Rome was martyred anno 169. Sother borne in Campania like a valiant Souldiour of Iesus Christ serued vnder his spirituall banner in the time of the Emperour Commodus he confirmed the doctrine which hee had preached vvith his blood in martirdome 177. Eleutherius a Grecian notwithstanding the stormes of persecution were somewhat calmed in his time because many of the Romaine nobility beleeued on Christ yet hee was beheaded 191. in his time also manâ— godly vvriters writ learned bookes agaynâ—â— diuers heresies and heretiques which infected the Church Victor borne in Affrica was the first thaâ— when the storme of persecution was calmed vsurped authority vpon strangers In the former Bishops sayth Vincentius the spyriâ—â— abounded but in these that follow the temptation of flesh and blood preuailed He exempted his brethren of Asia from the Communion because in keeping Easter day they followed not the vse of the church of Rome for which Policrates Iraeneus Bishops of Ephesus Lyons reproued him as then the church was rent in twaine by his obstinacy he died 203 Zepherinus a Romaine borne was a man more addicted to the seruice of God then to the care of any worldly affairs where before the vvine in celebrating the Communion was ministred in a cup of wood he first did alter that and in sted thereof brought in Cups or Chalices of glasse in his time were the Artemonites a sect of vaine Philosophicall Diuines who as our late Schoolmen did corrupt the Scripturs with Plato Aristotle and Theophrastus turning all into curious and subtile questions Origen taught the holy Scripture at Alexâ—ndria in Zepherinus time but his bookes â—ere refused because he brought in vnprofiâ—able disputations and allegories Calixtus the first borne at Rauenna when â—ersecution began to waxe hote againe was â—pprehended by the commaundement of Aâ—â—xander Seuerus and after that he was beaâ—en with cudgels and imprisoned his body â—as cast out of a window and drowned in a â—eepe pit 226. Vrbanus the first a Romaine in the time of Heliogabalus with his sincerity of life exâ—ellency in learning drew many on all sides â—o the Gospell he was often times banished â—he Citty for the Christian fayth but being â—ecretly brought in againe by the faithful he â—as martired by Seuerus 233. Pontianus a Romaine in the afore-sayde Emperours raigne when the people ranne â—n multitudes to heare him preach the word â—y the Princes commaundement being set â—n by the idolatrous Priests he was caried â—rom Rome to the Ile Sardinia where hee â—as put to death 239. Antherosa Grecian preached constantly stoutly vnder the tirany of Maximius the Emperour he first ordained that all the acts of Martyrs should be recorded least the remembrance of them should be lost with
the name of pouerty was honoured at Rome vvhich was by the space of 400. yeares after the foundation thereof Pleasure could neuer set foote as there but â—fter that Pouerty began to be contemned â—ertue immediatly tooke her flight from â—hence which was their vtter ouerthrow Valerius Publicola hauing foure times â—eene Consull of Rome the onely man for gouernment in war and peace his pouerty is â—ecorded not to his shame but to his praise Liuius Poore Aristides had not the least honour â—n the seruice at Salamis and at Plateus was â—he chiefe leader of all the Athenian forces â—hoÌ„ Vertue did put forward Pouerty could not hold back nor dismay Herodotus Fabritius being in pouerty was sent in Emâ—assage amongst other Romaines to Pyrrhus of whom Pyrrhus tooke such lyking â—hat to winne him to be his he proffered him â—he fourth part of his kingdome Eutropius Ephialtes beeing cast in the teeth with his pouerty sayde VVhy doost not thou make â—ehearsall of the other thing namely that I loue â—aw and regard right Aelian One of Catoes sonnes of 15. yeares age was banished for breaking of an earthen pot in a maydes hand that went for water so waâ— Cinnaes sonne because hee entered a Garden and gathered fruite without leaue The Ostracisme amongst the Athenians was a banishment for a time whereby the brought dovvne them that seemed to exceede in greatnes This was inuented by Clisthenes A rude rusticke fellow happened to meet Aristides bearing a scroale of paper in hyâ— hand and desired him to wryte the name oâ— Aristides therein who meruailing thereat asked whether any man had been by him iniured No quoth he but I cannot in any wisâ— endure the sirname of Iustus Plutarch At such time as the Ephesi banished theyâ— Prince Hermodonus they pronounced thiâ— sentence Let none of vs excell another but iâ— any so doe let him no longer heere dwell but inhabite else where Cicero Celliodorus the Phylosopher was banished in the prosperity and fury of the Marians not for the euils they found in him buâ— for the vices he reproued in them Vulturnus a man in Astrology profoundly learned was banished by M. Antonius because Cleopatra hated him Bestius and Colla Gentlemen of Rome when they had boldly declared theyr seruice for the common-wealth and reprehended the Senatours before they would be cast out by decree voluntarily exiled themselues Appian Sittius was the first and onely man that as a stranger was an outlaw in his owne Country Idem Of Death Death is faigned of the Poets to be the sister of Sleepe both borne of their mother Night a Goddesse impartiall and inexorable as sparing none and the Aegiptians by an Owle sitting vpon a tree signifie death This all-killing power triumphans cedit and by death is ouercome EPaminondas ready to giue vp the ghost willed the poysoned shaft to bee pulled from his deadly wound wheÌ„ it was giuen him to vnderstand that his shield was found safe and his enemies put to flight he cheerefully departed out of this world Cicero Gorgias Leontinus being very sick a frend of his demanded of him how he felt himselfe in body he answered Now Sleepe beginneth to deliuer me to the power of his brother Death Asdrubals wife the last Lady of Carthage had the lyke end in death as the first Lady Dido had for she threw her selfe and her two sonnes into the fire Herod because hee would make the Iewes sorry for his death whether they would or no dying commanded to sley all the Noble mens children of Iury. Iosephus Vespasian ready to dye stoode vp sayd It becommeth an Emperour to passe out of this world standing Calanus an Indian Gymnosophist when he had taken his long leaue of Alexander piled vp a bonfire in the suburbs of Babilon of dry wood of Cedar Rosemary Cypres Mirtle Laurell then he mounted the pile the Sunne shining in his face whose glorious beames he worshipped then he gaue a token to the Lacedemonians to kindle the fire stoutly and valiantly dyed Cercidas an Arcadian ready to dye said to his companions I am not loath to depart this life for I hope to see and talke with Pythagoras among the Phylosophers with Liuius among the Historiographers with Orpheus among the Musitians and with Homer among the Poets which words as soone as he had vttered hee gaue vp the ghost Plato dying thanked nature for three cauâ—es the first that he was borne a man not beast the second that hee was borne in Greece and not in Barbary the third that â—ee was borne in Socrates time who taught â—im to die well Antemon was so desirous to liue and so â—earefull to dye that scarse he would trauaile â—broade and compelled to goe two of his â—eruants bore ouer his head a great brazen Target to defend him from any thing which might happen to hurt him Massinissa King of Numidia rather committed his estate and life vnto dogs then vnto men as his gard to keepe and defend him from death Hector sayd to Andromache Be not sorry for my death for all men must die Homer Polydamas entering into a Caue to defend himselfe from the rayne through the violence of the water the Caue fell downe vpon him Cicero Anacreons breath was stopped with a grape kernell that stucke in his throate Plinie Euripides returning home from King Archelaus his supper was torne in peeces of dogs Gellius Aeschilus sitting in a sunny place in Sicily an Eagle flying ouer taking his white bald head for a stone strooke the shell of a Tortoyse which was in his bill against his head and dashed out his braine Valerius Pyndarus laying his head downe to sleep in the bosome of a boy whom he loued neueâ— awaked Suidas Ennius would not haue his death lamented because he was famous in his works yet Solon would haue his death bewailed writ to put his friends in minde Let my departure wayed be let my friends draw sighs for me Trophonius and Agamedes hauing built a sumptuous temple to Apollo of Delphos begged the most profitable thing that might bee giuen to man after the third day they were found dead Cicero Velcurio the learned Phylosopher lying vpon his death-bed when his friends came to comfort him sayde The Father is my Creatour the Sonne my Redeemer the holy Ghost my Comforter how can I then be sorrowfull or dismayde The day before that Caesar went to the Senate hee had beene at a banquet with Lepidus talking meerely vvhat death was best for a man some saying one and some another he of al praised the sodaine death which happened to him Appian The Scots in theyr owne Chronicles haue recorded that of one hundred fiue Kings â—here dyed not aboue 50. of naturall deaths Gasper Peucerus Of Vsurie Vsury of some called Interest but without reason why sith money let to interest returneth but with his proper summe the daughter of Couetousnes and Ambition may well be called a continuall sire which euer encreaseth through
Capuans two Captaines fell at variance because they both loued one woman which when the Tarentines perceiued immediatly they gaue them the onset ouercame them If Scipio Affricanus had not scowred the Romaine Armies of leachery the inuincible Numantia had neuer beene ouercome Phalaris the tirant would neuer grant man any thing that he desired neyther euer denied any thing that a dissolute woman requested Plut. Caligula gaue but 6000. sextercies onely to repaire the walls of Rome 10000. sextercies for furring one of his Lēmons gowns Idem Dionysius the tyrant albeit of nature hee was most cruell yet by his Curtezan Mirta hee became so tractable that shee onely did confirme all his prouisions of the weale publique and hee did but ordaine and appoynt them Themistocles was so enamoured of a woman that he had taken in the warres of Epirus that she being sicke and let blood he also was let blood and washed his face with the blood that issued out of her arme VVhen Demetrius had taken Rhods there was brought to him a faire Gentlewoman which he made his friend in loue which she perceauing to be great shewed her selfe angry with him and refused his company but he abandoning his estate on his knees prayed her to pardon him Autenaricus a famous King of the Gothes after he had triumphed ouer Italy and made himselfe Lord of Europe was so far in loue with Pincia a Curtezan that whilst she combed his head he would make cleane her slippers Olaus I. Caesar diuersly was spotted with adultry as with Posthumia the wife of Seruius Sulpitius Lelia the wife of Gabinus with Tartalin the wife of Crassus with Musia Cnerius Pompeyes vvyfe and Seruilia the mother of Brutus Of Desperation The last of all the perturbations of the mind is Desperation and is of all other most pernicious this destroyer of all hope of better fortune entereth so farre into the hart of man that it maketh him offer violence to himselfe then the which nothing can bee more dangerous to the soule BRutus and Cassius after the death of Caesar desperatly killed themselues Anthony when hee heard that Cleopatra had slaine her selfe desperatly ranne vpon his sword Empedocles because hee could not learne the cause of Aetnaes burning threw himselfe into it Horace Aristotle for that he could not giue a reason of the flux and reflux of Eurypus drowned himselfe Themistocles vvas not ashamed of this damnable speach in his mouth If a man should shew me two seuerall wayes the one leading to heauen the other to hell of the twaine I had rather take the latter Aelianus Spira the Italian being exhorted to say the Lords prayer desperately aunswered That hee could not with his heart call God Father because the deuill was his Father nor haue any place but amongst the reprobate The Donatists rather then they would bee forced from theyr fancies slew themselues yet this did nothing fray the Church of God from compelling them by the rigour of Princes lawes without any respect of their wilfull desperation August Ptolomeus that killed Pompeius being ouercome by Caesar drowned himselfe in the Riuer Nilus Eutropius Phylostrates beeing destitute of all hys friends by the reason of a contagious wound hee had led a poore and miserable lyfe and lyke a begger wandered from place to place thereby to signifie that though hee were in such misery as no man more yet had he rather in that griefe so consume his dayes then desperatly to kill himselfe Fimbria killed himselfe in Asia in the temple of Aesculapius because hee would not be taken of Sylla Appian Timocrates an Athenian seeking to auoyde the feare of death by water as then ready to be sunke in a shippe killed himselfe Thucidides Sabina the wife of Adrian the Emperour beeing without all reason or modesty was cruelly intreated and with extreamity driuen to desperation murdered her selfe Eutropius Arbogastus beeing vanquished by Theodosius the Emperour fled out of the battaile and not finding place of refuge or security with his owne sword killed himselfe Ambrose Artaxerxes caused his eldest sonne Darius to be slaine for certaine treacherous demeanours the second brother next to him forthwith in his fathers presence drew out his persian Acynax and desperatly murthered himselfe Aelian Mithridates naked of all comfort desperate in his vnhappy fortunes when hee could not dispatch himselfe by poyson for that hee had alwayes vsed Antidotes from whence at this day we cal our Mithridate desired Bitalus a French-man and one of his Captains to kill him which he obayed Appian The Assapeians besieged of the Romaines seeing no way to escape their tiranny bondage brought all their goods and riches into the market-place piled vpon them great heapes of wood and sware 50. of the chiefest of their Citty that they with thēselues wiues and children should goe vp to it and if they were furder distressed to set it on fire Idem Of the Deuill The deuill hath diuers names he is called Diabolus Daemō of Plato Cacodaemō Sathan Lucifer Leuiathan Mammon Asmodeus Beelzebub Baal Berith Belphegor Astaroth THE deuill suffered Herod in words to pretend the worshipping of Christ when he intended in his hart to kill him He made Pilate to confesse Christes innocency yet against his owne conscience to giue sentence of death against him Hee caused Iudas to kisse Christ as though he loued him then to betray him The deuill caused Pilates wife to dreame that she was troubled because of Christ and prayed him not to medle with him for that the deuill knew by his death the restauration of mankind It is written in the discourse of the liues of the fathers of Aegipt that one of them saw in a vision the assembly of deuills and hearing one report the diuersity of illusions wherewith they had beguiled the world hee sawe their Prince make great gratulation and recompence to one of those ill spirits that had deceaued a vertuous man of the Church thē to all the rest stirring thousands to transgressions and sinnes In Italy an vnlearned vvoman possessed with the deuill being asked which was the best verse Virgil made aunswered Discite Iustitiam monite et non temnere diuos Louicerus A mayde borne in Saxony before she was twelue yeares of age and one that neue◠knew what learning meant possessed as the other prophecied in Greeke and Latine the warres that were to come in Saxonie Idem The King of the Sodomites in the person of the deuill sayde to Abraham Giue mee the soules take thou the rest The deuil disputed with Michael about the body of Moses A Musition shewed his cunning before Antigonus whō he oftentimes found fault with bidding him set vp his treble string higher then his meane the Musition said The deuill is in it ô King by the Gods I sweare if thou art more expert then I. Aelian The head and leader of euill spirits is Lucifer which hath that name for hee was made more cleare and bright
God Antisthenes was of opinion that there vvere many popular gods and but one true and naturall God which is the Creator of al. The Sabians worshipped God in 3. persons naming the first Holy the second Fidius the third Semi-pater and in their oathes they did commonly put Fidius in the midst as vnder that name comprehending all the 3. persons whereof came their great oath Medius Fidius The auncient Romans called their Iupiter Optimus maximus to shew that his diuinity is before his omnipotencie The Persians had two gods the one good Creator author of al goodnes whom they called by the name of Truth the other wicked author of all euill resembling him to Darknes and Ignorance Agathius The Tuscane wits are sharpe and waspish God keepeth them vnder a Prince the Switzers be a people of a contrary disposition peaceable and quiet he therefore giueth them liberty the Venetians to be of a meane betwixt both therefore hee permitteth to them a mixt or meane kind of gouernment Lipsius Euclides beeing demaunded many things touching God aunswered Other thinges I know not but of this I am assured that hee hateth curious persons The Athenians banished Protagoras their cittie and Country because in one of his bookes he called in question the dietie and caused his bookes to be burned Cicero Vpon the image of Senacharib in Egipt was written Learne by me to feare God Pherecides an Assyrian for contemning God and godlines was so consumed vvith lyce that he fled for shame from the societie of men and died miserably Lucian hauing professed Christianity vnder the Emperour Traian fell away afterwardes and became so prophane and impious that hee mocked at Religion and diuinitie where-vpon hee was sirnamed Atheist in the end he was torne in peeces with dogs Suidas The Emperour Iustinian continuing obstinate in the heresie of Pelagius the wrath of God fell vpon him and suddenly without any grudge or token of sicknes hee was depriued of his sences and became a foole hee was so strooken that his life and folly ended in one day P. Diaconus Iulian the Apostate at his death cast vp his blood into the ayre crying Vicisti Galilaee Augustus erected an Altar in the Capitoll with this inscription The altar of the first begotten sonne of God Niceph. The Emperour Tiberius vpon a Letter written to him from Pontius Pilate reporting the miracles of Iesus and his innocent death with his glorious resurrection preferred a bill to the Senate with his assent vnto it to haue them proclaime Iesus to bee God which they refused but Tiberius abode still in his opinion Egesippus Alexander the sonne of Mammea dyd in his chappell worship Iesus sirnamed Christ of whom he tooke his Poesie Doe not to another that which thou wouldest not haue doone vnto thy selfe And therefore the Antiochians called him the Arch priest of Syria Dion Certaine Pagans vsed outrage and offered great iniurie to a religious man and in disdaine asked him what profit hee had by his Christ Is not this aunswered hee a singuler profit not to be moued with your bitter words and to pardon the heauie wrongs you haue doone me Cassianus The Apostles forsooke all and followed Christ that the mother Church might receiue them naked whom their mother flesh had brought naked into the world Cyprian The Christian souldiers vnder Iulian the Apostate burning incense had almost forsaken Christ but after beeing better aduised they restored theyr gifts to him which hee gaue them to commit idolatry and earnestly desired that for their right hand vvhich had made that fault their whole body might suffer for Christ. Ph. Lonicerus Marcellius Bishop of Rome for â—eare of Dioclesian offered sacrifice to idols Heathen gods but afterward lamented it Idem Origen constrained and drawne to the Altar by the cruell instruments of sathan sacrificed to the gods of Alexandria but after being desired to teach at Ierusalem reading the 16. verse of the 50. psalme Vnto the vvicked sayd God what hast thou to doe to declare mine ordinaunces that thou shouldest take my commaundement in thy mouth he sate downe and mourned The Valentinians did hold that there were thirtie couple of Gods the Heathen vvorshipped thirty thousand August Euphemera Tegeian wrote the true Historie and genealogie of the Heathen Gods shewing that they were Kings Princes and great personages and therfore he was called Atheist Lactan. Varro the best learned of all the Romans made a bedrole of all the gods for feare as he sayth least they should stray away wherin he concludeth that those doe worship the true God which adorne the onely one and acknowledge him to bee the Gouernour of all the world The Pyrrhonists a kinde of Philosophers called Sceptikes that is to say doubters dyd rather suspend theyr iudgment touching the God-head then call it in question Of Heauen Heauen is called of Aristotle the most excelent booke of nature whose longitude is between both the Poles latitude from East to the VVest and altitude from the South to the North. THere are in Heauen three Hierarchies Epiphania Epiphonomia Euphumia Epiphania containeth three orders Seraphins Cherubins Thrones the first of these excelleth in zealous loue the second in knowledge the third in iustice Epiphonomia containeth likewise three orders Principalities Powers Dominations the first teacheth men of lower estate to reuerence their farre betters the next chase away euill spirits comforting theÌ„ that fight in ghostly battel the last informe meÌ„ how to behaue theÌ„selues in spiritual conflicts Isidor Euphumia hath also vnder it three lower orders Vertues Archangels Angels Angels working miracles shewing miracles comforters Saint Denis writeth of three Hierarchies the first aboue heauen of three persons the second in heauen of Angels the third vnder heauen of Prelates The Spheare taken generally containeth all perfect rounde bodies vvhether they be sollid or not vvhether contained vnder one only Superficies or more and so may euery Orbe be called a Spheare perticulerly taken and in his proper signification nothing is a Spheare but a perfect round body being solid contained vnder one Superficies or face in whose middle is a poynt from which all lines that are drawne to the Superficies are equall the one to the other This is deuided into two parts Elementall which containeth the foure Elements Fire Ayre VVater Earth which are subiect to alterations Aethereall that compasseth the â—â—ementall substance in his hollownes being by nature lightsome vnchangeable contâ—ineth tenne Spheares The first and highest is called the first Mooueable containing all the other and by his naturall motion mooueth from the East to the VVest so to the East againe in 24. howres space carrieth by violence all the other Spheares The next is the heauen Christaline vvhich naturally but very slowlie moueth from the East towards the vvest in many yeeres passing but one degree This motion hath caused the starres to alter their longitudes The third is the Firmament of fixed starrs whose motion by nature is vppon
most dangerous enemies Plut. Antigonus hearing certaine Souldiours railing vpon him hard by his tent who though that he was not so neere shewed himselfe saying can you not goe further to speake ill of me Caesar when he heard that Cato had slaine himselfe at Vtica O Cato said he I enuy thee this thy death seeing thou hast enuied me the sauing of thy life Plutarch Adrian bearing great enuy to a worthy Romaine before he was Emperor the same day he vvas elected meeting his enemy in the streete sayd to him aloud Euasisti meaning that he being now a Prince might in no wise reuenge an iniury P. Diaconus Pythagoras was so pittifull that he abstained from cruelty euen towards vnreasonable creatures that he vvould buy birds of the Fowlers and let them fly againe draught of fishes to cast them againe into the Sea Loncerus Augustus made one his Seruant that would haue killed him Domitian when he was first chosen Emperour did so abhorre cruelty that he would not suffer any beasts to be killed for sacrifice The Snakes of Syria the Serpents of Tyrinthia and the Scorpions in Arcadia are gentle and sparing of theyr naturall soyle though cruell in others Plinius Scipio hauing taken Hasdruball captiue restored him againe without ransome Darius vnderstanding that his Subiects were sore taxed with Subsidies blamed his Counsaile rebuked their Law and in an oration vnto his Subiects signified that he was oath his estate should hinder theyrs which gentlenes so wone them that they offered their lands and lyfes at his feet Herodotus The Emperor Aurelian the gates of Tiaeâ—a being shut against him he sent word that vnlesse they yeelded he would not leaue one flogge aliue in the Citty vvhich they notwithstanding refused to doe but he ouercomming them was so pittifull that he spaâ—ed them commaunding to kill all the flogs Porus King of India conquered of Alexâ—nder and being commaunded to aske what â—e would fearing that pitty was farre from Alexander desired clemency which he granâ—ed Brusonius Alexander vvas so famous for clemency that Darius wished that he might ouercome Alexander to shew him curtesie or that Aâ—exander and none else might conquer him Plutarch The Romaines were renowned for the honorable funerals of Siphax king of Numidia whom they tooke prisoner Valerius Prusias King of Bythinia being banished by Nicomedes his owne Sonne came to the Romains who entreated him euery way according to his worthines estate Diodorus So did they with Ptolomey banished by his owne brother and restored him againe to his kingdome Marcellus after his Souldiours had conquered Syracusa not without great slaughter of many mounted vp an high tower of the Castell and with teares lamented the â—â—full fall of Syracuse Valerius Metellus besieging the great Citty Centobrica in the Country of Celtiberia when he saw their miserable condition and their women comming out with theyr children to craue mercy he with-drew his intended forces remoued his campe and spared the Citty to his eternall commendation In Athence there was a temple dedicated to Mercy into which none might enter except he were beneficiall pittifull and then also with licence from the Senate Macrobius Arcagatus a notable Chirurgion was highly esteemed among the Romaines as long as he had pitty vpon his Patients whose cure â—e had promised but when hee began to be â—nmerciful he was not only dispised of graue men but in derision called Vulnerarius Gelâ—ius Rome was called the hauen of succour the â—nker of trust the key of curtesie wher-vnto â—ll helplesse Princes fled Pompey hauing coÌ„quered Tigranes King of Armenia and he kneeling at his feet yeelding his crowne and scepter he tooke him in his armes put his crowne vppon his head and restored him againe to his kingdome Plutarch Iulius Caesar was as willing to reuenge the death of Pompey as L. Paulus was curteous fauourable to his foe Perseus Idem Haniball although a deadly enemy to the Romaines yet in princely clemency he wone more commendacions by the buriall of Aemilius Gracchus Marcellus then he got fame by ouercomming three thousand Romaines Valerius Polycrates the tyrant of Samos was very gentle towards those women that were the wiues of the dead Souldiours restoring them to their liberty and giuing them wherewithall to maintaine their after estate Vespasian after that Vitellius had killed his brother Sabius and long persecuted his sonne being at last subdued he spared his daughter and bestowed a great sum of money with her in mariage Agesilaus after he had ouercome the Corinthians did not so ioy in his conquest as he lamented the death of so many men Plut. Augustus when he had conquered Alexandria the Citty which Alexander built mooued with pitty in sight of the Cittizens expecting nothing but death said for the beauty of your Citty and memory of Alexander and the loue I beare vnto Pyrrhus your philosopher and pitty of all I spare your Citty and graunt you life Aelianus Certain drunkards abused in wanton spech Pisistratus vvife and being sober the next morning came to aske him forgiuenes he gently said learne to be sober another time Camillus rebelled against Alexander Seuerus the Emperour of Rome and for that being condemned to dye by the Senate was pardoned by him Eutropius Fabius forgaue Marius the treasons hee practised against him Cicero said of Iulius Caesar that he extolling dead Pompey and erecting his statues did set vp his owne Alphonsus by his clemency and gentlenes â—one Careta so did Marcellus ouercome Siracusa Diogenes Heraclitus Apermanthus Tiâ—ion of Athence were vngentle and vnciuile persons and for their strange manners termed haters of men Phocion the Athenian would in nothing fulfill the request of the people and therfore he was hated worse then a Toade The Spartans for their obedience and humility vvere more honoured then eyther Thebes renowned for her Gods or Athence for her wisedome Plut. Marius being appoynted by the people of Rome twice to tryumph deuided the glory betweene himselfe and his fellow Catullus Appian Dion after he was made King of the Syracusans would neuer change his accustomed fare and apparell which he vsed as Studient in the Vniuersity Plut. As Alexander was on his voyage to conquer the Indians Taxiles one of the Kings desired him that they might not vvarre one against another If thou said he art lesse then I receaue benefits if greater I will take them of thee Alexander admiring his curteous spech answered At the least we must fight and contend for this whether of vs twaine shal be most beneficiall to his companion Curtius Traianus was so meeke and curteous that he was fellow-like to all men during all his raigne there was but one only Senator condemned who was adiudged to death against his will Eutropius The kingdom wherin the Emperor Augustus most delighted and ioyed was of the Mauritanes and the reason was this because all other kingdoms he got by the sword and this kingdom by intreatance Suetonius Alexander did write to Publian
the tongue ought to vtter nothinâ— that is iniurious to the Creator thereof P. Diacorius Socrates had alvvayes one and the same countenance all his life time hee was neuer sadder nor pleasanter for any thing that happened vnto him Plato P. Rutilius being vniustly banished neuer changed his behauiour neyther would put on any other Gowne then that he vsed to weare although it was the custome of such as were banished to alter the same Q. Metellus sirnamed Numidicus for conquering Numidia being banished went into Asia where he frequented playes and receauing letters froÌ„ the Senate to call him home againe the newes hee bare with as great modesty as his exile with constancy not departing from the Theater before the sports were ended One casting Diogenes in the teeth with his banishment from Pontus by the Synopians answered I haue bounded them with the Country of Pontus Aristides wheÌ„ Dionisius desired his daughter in marriage hee aunswered that hee had rather see her deade then the wife of a Tyrant And hauing slaine her he was againe asked if he continued in that mind I am quoth he sorry for the fact but glad that I haue so spoken Cato notwithstanding the affliction of hys Country in him was neuer seene any alteration but had alvvayes one cheere and one countenaunce as well beeing repulsed as when he was Pretor Plutarch It is recorded of Saint Anthony and Saint Hillary that they suffered wonderful temptations in the desert yet did not forbeare euen there to doe great seruice to theyr Creator Aulus Vitellius a most victorious Emperour of all others vvas so inconstant that he would say and vnsay with one breath and vvas as vvauering in all his actions as a vvethercocke Sextus Pompeius for his vvonderful mutabilitie vvas much defamed The Common-wealth of the Sicyonians endured longer then that of the Greekes Egyptians Lacedemonians or the Romains and the reason thereof vvas because that in seauen hundred and forty yeeres they neuer made any new lawes or brake their old Lact. The Egyptians rather choose to dye theâ— to reueale any secrets though they be neuer so much racked and tormented Macrob. Aesope the bondman of Demosthenes waâ— often vrged by torture to confesse his Maisters dealing with Iulian but could neuer be brought to acknovvledge any thing vntill at the length Demosthenes himselfe disclosed it Fulgosius Anasillus Captaine of the Athenians vvas taken of the Lacedemonians and put to the torture because hee shoulde tell vvhat hee knew and vvhat the King Agesilaus his master did intend to vvhom hee aunswered You Lacedemonians haue liberty to dismember mee but I haue none to reueale my Lordes secrets Plutarch Octauius Consull of Rome vvhen Marius was banished at his repeale was vvarned by the Augurs to take heede of him and Cinna but he constantly determining not to leaue the citty while he was Consull went to them in his roabes with the Roddes and the Axes carried before him and his friendes bringing him a horse to flee he refused so to doe but abode the stroake of Censorinus who carried his head to Cinna Appian Labienus who in Syllas tyme had kylled many that were proscribed thinking that himselfe might well be reproued if he should not suffer death resolutely went home to his house sate downe in his chayre and tarried the comming of those whom Anthonie sent to take away his lyfe Appian Of Friendship The Romaines perceiuing the necessitie of Friendship shadowed the same in the shape of a young man whose heade vvas bared and vpon his breast was written Sommer and VVinter who hauing his breast open putting his finger to his hart had therein sette Farre and neere on the skirts of his coate were drawn Life and death ARtorius a Romane at the siege of Ierusalem beeing in a place that was sette on fire looking from the top of the house sawe one of his friends by Titus to whom he said Friend Lucius get on thy armour and come neere that I may leap downe vpon thee and thou maist receiue me Lucius stood for his friende who light vpon him with such force that they both died which friendship Titus caused to be noted to after ages Vrbanus Alcibiades beeing desirous to know vvhether he had so many friendes as hee thought hee called them all one after another into a darke place shewed vnto them the image of a dead body saying that it was a man whoÌ„ he had killed and requesting them to helpe him to carry the same away amongst them all hee found none but Callias that vvoulde harken vnto him Cyrus alvvayes placed his friendes on hys left side as neere his hart Xenophon The friendship of Ionathan and Dauid could not bee hindered by the vvrath of the Father of the one nor any ioâ—e changed although he knew that his friend should afterward raigne ouer him notwithstanding hee were by inheritance to succeede next his father in the kingdome There was but one Orestes and yet Pylades called himselfe Orestes and was condemned to die vnder that name onelie to saue the life of his companyon Dion of Syracusa vvas slaine of Callicrates vvhom he alvvayes highly fauoured supposed to be the most assuredst friend hee had lyuing in the world Volumnius hearing of the death of his friende Lucullus came to Anthony desiring him to send his souldiours to kill him vpon the graue of his friend and bury him vvhich hee denying Volumnius vvent to his graue and there killed himselfe leauing a briefe by him vvherein was vvritten Thou that knewest the faithfull loue betweene Volumnus and Lucullus ioyne our bodyes beeing dead as our mindes were one being aliue Asmundus so deerely loued his friende Asotus that after hee vvas dead hee vvould needes be buried vvith him aliue Saxo. The Oracle of Apollo pronounced the amitie betweene Chariton and Menalippus to be heauenly diuine and celestiall Blossius humbly desired pardon of Lelius because hee tooke part with Gracchus hauing no greater reason to excuse himselfe but his great loue toward him which he confessed to be such that hee thought himselfe bound in friendshyp to doe whatsoeuer hee would haue him yea if it were to burne the Capitoll Cicero Lucilius when he sawe that his friend Brutus was compassed about with enemies hee with a few souldiers ran among theÌ„ and sayd that hee was Brutus that his friende might scape away Plut. Polytius gaue Scipio counsell that hee should neuer depart froÌ„ the publique place of authority before hee had got some nevve friende and wel-willer Phocion when a friend of his vvould haue cast himselfe away woulde not suffer hym saying I was made thy friend to this purpose Cicero writ to Atticus that a friende vvas bounde to wish but three thinges vnto his friend that he be healthy that hee be well accounted of and that he be not needy Archidamus vvhen he vvas chosen Arbitrator to decide a certaine contention betweene two friends brought them both into Dianas Temple and made them sweare vppon the Altar
sometimes leading him sometimes bearing him he brought him safe to Sicelie so did Aeneas for Anchises his father Idem Metellus the father and the sonne the one Captaine vnder Anthony the other vnder Caesar the Father being prisoner and beeing condemned his sonne sayde to Caesar Thys hath beene thy enemy ô Caesar and I thy friend him thou must punish and me rewarde I desire thee to saue my father for mee or let mee die for him at whose request he was saued Idem Crates Thebanus deliuered a stock of mony to his friends vpon this condition that if it shoulde happen his children to bee fooles they should therewith be maintained but if they became learned and phylosophers then to distribute it to the poore Dem. Mag. Periander one of the 7. Sages of Greece and a Tyrant sent for his sonne Licophorna that with his owne hands hee might kill him because he mourned for the death of his mother which when the Cittizens of Corcyra knew they put him to death themselues to deliuer him from his Fathers tiranny Vale. Maximus Priamus had by Hecuba fifty Sonnes and Daughters Orodes king of Parthians thirtie Artaxerxes a hundred and fifteene Erothinus King of the Arabians seauen hundred in confidence of whom he inuaded the confines of his enemies and with seuerall inroads he wasted the Lands of Egypt and Syria Petrarch Petrarch writeth of a married woman that had twelue seuerall children by twelue seuerall men one of them a yeere elder then the other who ready to die tolde her husband of them all he was Father but to the eldest and reckoning vp the Fathers of the other the youngest cryed to her good mother giue me a good Father to whom she sayde that a very rich man was his father wherevpon the childe was glad saying If hee be rich I haue a good father Astapus Amphorinus bare such loue to their parents that their Citty beeing burned they tooke them vpon their shoulders and carried them through the midst of the fire A woman of Athence her father called Cymon being in pryson where he was like to be famished craued so much leaue of the Keeper that shee might haue accesse to her Father whō with her milke shee preserued long time from death Harpalice her father being takē prisoner by the Getes redeemed him with more celerity then can be thought in a woman Seruius It is written that three bretheren striuing vvho should enioy their fathers land vvere content to be agreed by the King swearing that they vvould stand to that which hee determined the King commaunded the dead body of the Father to bee taken vp saying that hee vvhich shot neerest the hart should be the right successor the eldest shotte him in the throate the second in the breast neere the hart but the third abhorring this damned resolution sayd I had rather yeeld all to my brothers then bee so degenerate To whom for his vertue and reuerence to his father the King adiudged the land Israell many yeeres lamented the losse of one of his sonnes for whom when hee vvas 120. yeeres old he vvent downe with al his family into Egypt Dauid greatly lamented the death of his rebellious sonne Absalon Orodes King of Persia hearing that his son Pacorus was slaine in the wars against Ventidius vvith extreame greefe therof became mad Rauisius Auctolia the daughter of Sinon and wife of Laertes vnderstanding a false report of Vlisses death her sonne at Troy dyed for sorrow Idem Anius King of Thuscans had a Daughter called Salia whom when Oritheus had stoln away threvve himselfe violently into a Riuer called afterward by his own name Plutarch Lucius Gellius when in a maner he knew that his sonne had beastly abused himselfe with his stepmother and attempted to bereaue him of life became himselfe this wretches defender and before the Senate acquited him both of fault and punishment Val. Maximus Dioschorus put to death his vertuous and religious Daughter Barbara for imbracing the Christian fayth Ptolomeus Euergetes beeing expulsed his kingdome for his crueltie killed his sonne in Cyprus whom hee had by his sister Cleopatra sent her his head feete for a token Liuius Apteras Saturnus caused his owne Father to be gelded killed his owne sonnes held continuall vvarres against his bretheren Berosus Deiotarus hauing many sonnes murthethered all saue one that he which suruiued al the rest might be mightier and of greater power Gellius Hippomenes an Athenian Prince for that his daughter Lima was founde in adulterie caused her to be close shutte vp with a horse giuing her no releefe but the horse almost famished deuoured his daughter Laertius Oppianicus contrary to the common nature of Parents was content for money to forsake his children Cicero Domitius detested his sonne Nero for no other cause but that hee had begotten him vpon Agrippina Suetonius Medea beeing forsaken of Iason murdered her owne sonnes Ouid. Herod commaunded his onely child to be killed among the general massacre of the innocents in Iurie vvhich vvhen Augustus heard he sayd That he had rather bee Herods hog then his child Iosephus Prusius King of Bithinia was murthered of his owne sonne when he had committed the rule vnto him P. Malleolus for killing of his mother was the first amongst the Romans that vvas sowed in a sacke and cast into the sea Liuius Cham the youngest sonne of Noah his Father being drunke lying naked called his brethren to that vnnatural sight who going backwards couered theyr fathers secrets for the which they were blessed the posterity of Cham accursed Gene. 6. Absalon rising against his father Dauid expelled him his kingdome afterward assayled by Ioab fled and was hanged by his haire vpon an Oake Helie the Prophet winking at the faultes of his children though forewarned of Samuel died a violent death and his sonnes both in one howre were slaine in battaile by the Philistines as a iust reuenge for their former disobedience Regum 11. Adramelach and Sarazar murdered theyr Father Senacharib for which they were driuen out of theyr kingdome and ended theyr dayes in exile 4. Reg. Irene pulled out her sonne Constantines eyes because hee began to beare himselfe ouer proudly in the Empire Eristhenes was famished of his mother because he fought in battaile with no courage Rauisius Damatria when shee heard that her sonne had not behaued himselfe in battaile as the sonne of so woorthy a mother shoulde haue doone at his returne killed him Orchanus caused his daughter to be buried aliue because Apollo had rauished her Ouid. Tigranes killed one of his sons because he would not take him vp when hee had a fall at hunting for that hee set the crowne vpon his head Appian Machates the sonne of Mithridates for feare of his father killed himselfe Mithridates killed his sonne Siphares to be reuenged of the mother Gripus who was king after Seleucus made his mother drinke the poyson vvhich shee had prepared for him Medullina whose body was
priuy to the greatnes of his courage Ariston being in loue with Agetus wyfe found this fraud to get her frō her husband hee promised Agetus to giue him any one thing that he would choose of all that euer he had praying him to doe the like for him againe Ariston agreed and swore it Ariston discharged his promise out of hand forthwith demaunded Agetus wife who because of his oath deliuered her He that bare the office of the chiefe Iudge in Aegipt did weare an Image of truth hanging at his breast which picture was had in singuler estimation of the Druides One when truce was taken with the enemy for 30. daies ouercame his land in the night because the truce was taken for dayes and not nights Cicero Q. Fab. Labeo being by the Romaine Senate appoynted dayes-man betweene the Nolanes Neapolitanes about the bownds of theyr land did commune with eyther of them a part and being come to the place perswaded them rather to set backe then to encroach vpon an other which when eyther of thē had don there was a parcell of ground left in the midst then he caused their bownds to be staked out and the middle part he adiudged to the people of Rome Idem lib. offic Anniball amongst the Carthagenians and Q. Maximus of the Romaines had meruailous cunning in cloaking keeping dissembling making stales and in preuenting the deuises of the enemy Cicero Amongst the Greekes Themistocles the Athenian and Iason the Phaereian excelled in this kind Cicero A Syrian slaue in Sicily after a mad sort raging with a desire to make a rebellion pretended a religion of dooing honour to the Goddesse of Syria and called bond-men to liberty and armes and that he might seeme to doe that by the will of God he held a nut in his mouth stuffed with Surphure and fire the which when he he spake did cast foorth flames P. Diaconus Twēty thousand of the Celtaebrians broght braunches of Olyue like petitioners asking pardon which comming nigh the Romains gaue a violent onset on thē Gracchus went from the campe of purpose and made as though he fled and whilst they were about the spoile hee returned and killed many of them recouering Complega Appian Vlisses was not so wily but he was matched by Palmedes and his dissembled madnes discouered Caesar when he could not condemne one for any sufficient probable crime he made him away by some secret meanes and some were dispatched in his armies by treachery attempts wrought against them by those of theyr owne side this deceite was cruell Diodorus The Achaians a people of Greece did altogether condemne pollicies stratagems in warre accounting of them as of subtilties because they thought that no victory was either of any renowne or certainty except they had in open fight ouercome their enemies by an assigned battaile Polybius Marius a rich Cittizen of Rome who by Augustus got all his wealth alwayes sayde that he would make him his onely heyre which hee vowed to the Emperour the day before he dyed after whose death was found that in all his wil he had not made once mention of Augustus Of Slaunder A wise man keepeth close his eares when hee doubteth of the vertue and honesty of the person accused making Reason their diligent Porter and watch which examineth and letteth in the reports that be good and excludeth those that arise from slaunder and detraction whose Image was excellently described in figures by Apelles EVstace Bishop of Antioche a religious and deuout man seeking to suppresse the heresie of the Arrians was by their false accusation and slaunders depriued from his Sea Eusebius Aristophanes slaundered Socrates a man so much beloued of the Gods in a Comedy called Nebulae the clouds Leontius after hee had put Iustinian to flight caused two of his tale-bearers to be trailed by the feete burned Darius made the accusers of Daniell to be deuoured of Lyons Aristobulus through a false report put to death his owne brother and afterwards dyed for griefe Plato banished accusers slanderers tale-bearers out of his common-wealth Scipio Africanus being accused of many things by the Tribunes of the people aunswered nothing to the crymes layd agaynst him but only said thus In such a day as this is sirs I ouer-came both Carthage and Haniball which the Senators and people hearieg were so far from condemning him that they caused him in a maner to triumph againe Emilius Scaurus being accused by Varius made this aunswere O yee Romaines Varius affirmeth this crime layd against me to be true and Scaurus denieth whom will yee rather beleeue Medius Captaine of all the flatterers that followed Alexander taught them that they should not spare to nip boldly and to byte with store of slaunders for quoth hee although hee that is bitten should be cured of the wound yet the scarre at the least will still remaine By false accusations and slaunders Calisthenes Parmenio and Philotas were vniustly put to death by Alexander Phillip was told that the Grecians spake ill of him behind his backe notwithstanding he did them much good therfore was counsailed to chastice them VVhat would they doe then sayd hee if we should doe them any harme but they make mee a better man for I striue daily both in my words and deeds to proue them lyers He was likewise counsailed to banish one who had slaundered him or put to death but he would doe none of both saying It was not sufficient cause to condemne him and it was better not to let him stirre out of Macedonia where all men knew that he lyed but going among strangers not knowing him they would admit his slaunder for truth Nicholas Scot was beheaded for rayling vppon Maximilian Sforza Duke of Millane Augustus pardoned Cinna that wold haue murdered him and made him Consull but Timagenes for that he railed vpon him hee drane him out of his house deeming that of an enemy he might make a friend but of a rayler a back-biter and slaunderer a man can make nothing else The Frenchmē called back-biters Mouches flies The Romaines called thē Delatores tale-bearers the Greekes Acoustes harkners or spyes Dionysius held tale-bearers in great estimation but at the alteration of the state the Syracusans put them all to the sword Anthony put those tale-bearers to death vvhich could not prooue theyr accusation Critias reproued Archilochus because hee spake not well of him selfe Eschines finding fault with certaine of Demosthenes words and phrases he aunswered Non in eo sitae sunt opes graeciae The summe and substance of the matter dooth not consist in that The Romaines had a law called Lex papia which gaue halfe the goods of the accused to the accuser but Nero brought it to a fourth part and they were euer after called Quarterers because they had a quarter of the goods that were so escheared Aesopus the Phrygian that writ the fables when he came to Delphos was wrongfully accused of enuious persons for stealing a
idolatry of Hephestion then the sincerity of Clitus Phocion sayde to King Antipater that hee could not haue him both for his friende and flatterer One of Alexanders Leiuetenants writ to him that he had in his gouernment a boy of incomparable beauty and that if it so lyked him he would send him to him vvhom hee thus aunswered O cursed caitife what hast thou euer knowne in me that thou shouldest thus dare to flatter me by such pleasures A vvise Abbot wrote to Charles the third that aboue all things hee should take heede that flattering Courtiers shoulde not rauish from himselfe the fauour of his benefites as they are whom they terme sellers of smoake Of Learning This is the true substance of felicitie and the efficient cause of wisedom without which mans life is death The which when the Egyptians would signifie they set downe the picture of dew dropping from the clowdes COsroes king of the Persians although a barbarian was so learned that he held argument with the chiefest Philosophers of Greece Agath Claudius the Emperour writ 40. bookes of history by the perswasion of Titus Liuius he had Homer at his fingers end Volat. Picus Mirandula set vp nine hundred questions at Rome S. Tho. M. Caesar disdained not to frequent the threshold of Ariston neither did Pompey think scorne to go oftentimes to the house of Cratippus Plut. Saint Augustine complained that beeing a young man he learned profitable words but yet in vaine things I heard quoth he Iupiter thundering and therewithall committing adultery 2. Confess Antisthenes after hee had heard Socrates tooke such great pleasure therein that albeit he was very learned and had a great number of schollers yet hee vvilled them to seeke an other Maister because he purposed to learne himselfe Traiane the Emperour founde fiue hundred chyldren at schoole thereby to banish ignorance Pope Caelestine the fift deposed himselfe by reason of his ignorance Iulianus to the end hee might molest the Christians forbid theÌ„ the reading of all good bookes Antimachus vvhen he read to all his schollers called together and sawe that all sauing Plato forsooke him before he had ended his reading said I will goe forward and read on for Plato is to me as much as all the rest Aristotle was angry with his Maister Aristotle for that he made those bookes which he writ to him so common Curtius Phillip when his sonne Alexander vvas borne gaue thanks to God not so much because he had a sonne as that hee vvas borne in the time of Aristotle vvhom he made his Schoolemaister Alexander carried alwayes Homers Iliades about him laid them vnder his pyllovve naming it the preseruer of warlike vertue Anaxagoras suffered his Lands to lie wast and followed his study Crates forsooke his patrimony of eyght talents that with the more liberty hee might follow Phylosophy Athence and Sparta could neuer agree for that the one vvas adicted to serue Minerua the other Mars Titus Vespasian often vsed to pleade causes himselfe in Latine and made diuers poems and tragedies in Greeke Eutrop. Lucius meeting with the Emperour Marcus Aurelius in the street accompanied but with one man after him asked him vvhether hee went hee aunswered It becommeth euen an olde man to learne therefore am I going to Sextus the Philosopher to the end I might learne those things which I know not The studie of Ptolomy theyr King in the Mathematiques made the Egyptians so notable in those Arts. Ptolomey knew more in Astronomy then any man saue Adam Ptolomey write a booke called Almagest an excellent worke contayning the greatnes of the earth heauen moone and starres Plato beeing requested by his schollers to speake some-what of good intendment and memory sayd That he had no more learned saue as much as he that felt himselfe like vnto a vessel that day and night is all voyd empty Arcesilas the Phylosopher woulde neyther learne himselfe nor suffer others to learne The Hymne of Orpheus to Musaeus is called his Testament and last doctrine whervnto he would haue men to sticke Amongst the Greekes and the Latines neuer any vvas more learned theÌ„ Marcus Varro Lactan. The auncient Academies of Greece were the nurseries of all Common-wealths and out of them as froÌ„ the Troyan horse came forth most excellent Kings singuler Captaines and Gouernours Grynaldus VVhen Paulus Aemilius was to encounter with Perses and that his Armie was sore dismaied at the ecclips of the Moone vvhich then happened Sulpitius Gallus incouraged them by his learning in that hee assured theÌ„ of victory by his knowledge in the Mathematicall Sciences By the lyke knowledge Archimedes defended the Cittie of Syracusa from the furie of Marcellus Alexander the great had in a manner as great a company of learned men in his Army as vvarriours Plutarch VVhen Varro was condemned to die Anthony pardoned him saying Vinat Varro viâ—â—doctissimus Lysander in rewarde of a fewe verses gaue vnto the Poet Antiochus his hat full of siluer Alphonso gaue 500. Duccats to Pogio of Florence for translating out of Greeke into Latine Xenophon his Cyropedia albeit that it was translated before Iulius Caesar made many and sumptuous Libraries and gaue M. Varro a commission throughout the dominions of Rome to prouide workes of the best learned to furnish them Appian Ptolomy hauing set vp a most sumptuous Library in Alexandria furnished the same vvith more then seauen hundred thousand bookes Vitruuius He likewise caused 72. Interpreters of the most learned and religious men of Iudea to come translate the holy Bible out of Hebrew into Greeke Asronius the Phylosopher being demaunded what it was that he knew sayd To speake well and being demaunded againe vvhat he â—ad learned hee aunswered To speake well â—nd beeing asked the third time vvhat hee â—aught he said To speake well Sabel Aspasia was much read in Phylosophie she â—aught Rhetorique was Pericles teacher â—nd afterward his wife Plutarch A Greeke Embassadour and a Romaine were at vvordes in the Senate of the Rhodiâ—us the Grecian sayd Romaine it is true that you are aduenturous in Armes but for all that â—nable in Sciences for the women of Greece know more in Letters then the men of Rome in weapons Vpon these vvords grew the mortall vvarres betweene Rome Carthage about the possession of Sicilie The Romaines and the Grecians ready to defie one another the Rhodians came in the midst and perswaded both that this iniurie should not bee determined with vveapons but argued with vvomens disputation Afterwards assembled at Rhodes tenne Grecians and tenne Romaine vvomen all veriâ— vvell learned vvhich in theyr chaires successiuely read certaine Lessons and aftertervvardes held disputation one against the other Eutropius The Greekes spake very high thinges not so profound but with an excellent stile they vvere very wel pleased to heare the Romaiâ— vvomen and the Romaines astonished tâ— heare the Greekes Vpon this occasion thâ— Rhodians crowned euery one of them vvitâ— a crowne of Laurell as vanquishers iudâ—ged
his subiects vvith exactions dyed when he had raigned 18. yeres Antonius Comodus defamed himselfe by his wicked life and died suddainly raigning twelue yeeres 8. months Pertinax was very olde when hee was chosen and hauing raigned but 80. daies he was slaine in an vproare which sell among the gard by the meanes of Iulian. Didicus Iulianus bought the Empire vvith mony hee was a noble man expert in the lawes he was ouercom by Seuerus slaine in his pallace raigning 7. months Seuerus the only Emperour created forth of Affrique he was very couetous by nature cruell hee subdued Brittaine deceased at Yorke raigning 18. yeres Antoninus killed his brother Geta in hys mothers presence hee founded the Baths at Rome was much giuen to lust he espoused his mother in law Iuba and was slaine of Macrinus when he had raigned 6. yeeres Opilius Macrinus Diadumenus hys son succeeded were both slaine in a sedition raigning but one yeere 2. months Heliogabalus vvas a most dissolute wicked Emperour the base sonne of Antoninus he vvith his mother Semiamira were drawn vvith all spight through the Citty of Rome their bodies were torne in peeces cast into Tiber he raigned sixe yeeres Alexander Seuerus beeing but 17. yeeres old was chosen Emperour hee was a very vertuous Prince and the first Emperor that fauoured the Christians hee vvas slaine in Fraunce in a tumult that arose among the souldiours by the meanes of Maximinus in the thirteene yeere of his raigne Maximinus vvas first a Sheephearde in Thracia and afterward became a souldiour hee vvas the first that aspired to the Empyre by meanes of souldiours only he was slaine by Pupienus at Aquileia when he had raigned three yeeres Three at once bare the name of Augustus Pupienus Balbinus and Gordianus the the first two so soone as they came to Rome were slaine in the pallace Gordianus raigned alone he was come of a noble progeny and when he had raigned sixe yeeres he vvas slaine by the treason of Phillip who succeeded him Philip was the first Emperour that proâ—essed the Christian saith hee was slaine by Decius when he had raigned 5. yeares Decius made an act that all that worshipped Christ should be slaine both he and his â—onne were slaine in Barbary after they had â—aigned 2. yeares some write he was swallowed vp in an earthquake Virius Gallus and Volusianus his sonne â—aigned together then Emilianus attempted new conspiracies in Moesia and when they both went to subdue him they were slaine at â—teramna not raigning full out two yeares â—hey persecuted the Christians Aemilianus as hee was descended of base stock so was the time of his Empire obscure and without fame when he had raigned 3 moneths he was slaine Valerianus raigned 6. yeres he was discomfited taken prisoner by Sapores King of Persia who wheÌ„ he would take his horse he made Valerianus lie on the ground that hee might tred on him while he got on horsback he was slaine at Millaine ruled 6. yeares Galienus was lerned but giuen to great excesse dronkennes he was slaine likewise at Millaine hauing raigned with his Father 6. yeares and 9. after him Flauius Claudius a vertuous Prince sober and a maintayner of iustice within two yerâ— after he began his raigne sickned and dyed he ouercame the Gothes the Germaines restored Aegipt to the Empire Quintilius semblable as vertuous as hiâ— brother by the assent of the Senat was made Augustus and was slaine within 17. dayes after he began his raigne Aurelianus was borne in Denmark a stout man in war but cruell he was slaine through the treason of his owne seruants when he had raigned 5. yeres 6. moneths he was the first that wore a crowne imperial robes of gold and pearle which before were strange to the Romaines Tacitus a man of exceeding good conditions dyed within 6. moneths after his enterance Florianus raigned 2. moneths 20. daies he dyed by incision of his owne vaines did nothing worthy of memory Probus a man well expert in warfare a stout and iust man was slaine in an vproare which grew among the Souldiours when he had raigned 6. yeares 3. moneths Carus made his sonnes Carasius Numirianus Emperour with him Numirianus was vertuous and Carasius as wicked as Nero they raigned 2. yeares Carus was slaine with lightning and Numerianus by treason and Carasius by his owne companie Dioclesian was of ripe wisedome and garnished with many vertues yet a great persecutour of the Christians Maximinianus was associated to him in the Empire the first raigned 20. yeres they both left the Empire and liued priuatly Dioclesian slew himselfe for feare of Licinius Constantinus Maximinianus was slaine of Constantius his brother in law Constantius and Galerius sirnamed Armenius for that he somtimes kept beasts raigned 4. yers with great praise CoÌ„stantius died in England and Galerius killed himselfe Constantinus as some write was the first Emperor that professed the name of Christ he bulded CoÌ„stantinople in that place which was called Bizantium he was a vertuous godly Prince he raigned 30. yeares Three Emperours and Caesars raigned at once Constantinus in Fraunce Spaine and Germany Constantius in the East Constans in Italy The first was slaine when hee had raigned 3. yeares the second was killed by Magnentius wheÌ„ he had raigned 13 yeres and Constans died when he had ruled 39. Iulianus the Apostata raigned 3. yeares he was a great persecutor of the Christians whâ— he was deadly wounded and lay vppon the ground he threw his blood to heauen-ward saying Vicisti Gallilaee Iouinianus was a very good Prince and fauorer of the Gospel he instituted that titheâ— should be paid he died sodainly when he had raigned 7 moneths Valentianus Valens raigned foureteene yeres they were both Christians Valens was slaine by the Gothes and Valentianus dyed by an extreame bleeding Gratianus raigned sixe yeares hee was a true maintainer of religion and learned hee made Theodosius partner with him and was slaine in Fraunce by his Gouernour Maximus Theodosius raigned after him eleauen yeares hee was a Spaniard and a godly and vertuous Prince restoring the peace to the Church whose death Saint Ambrose bewailed and writ thus of him That hee was more carefull for the estate of the Church thaâ— to preuent his owne dangers Arcadius raigned with his brother Honorius the one in the East 15 yeares the other in the VVest 29 yeres and dyed Theodosius the 2 sonne of Arcadius ruled â—t Constantinople 42. yeares he was a most vertuous Prince and chose Valentinian as â—hen a child to raigne with him he dyed of â—he pestilence Valentinianus was slaine by a Souldiour hired of one Maximus to that end for that he had forced his wife he raigned fiue and twenty yeares Martianus after he had gouerned the Empire 7 yeares was poysoned at Constantinople by the treasons of Ardibure and Aspar hys Father beeing a vertuous and iust Prince Leo the first ruled 17 yeares
their lifes he dyed a Martir 243. Fabian a Romaine as hee was returning home out of the field and with his Countrâ— men present to elect a new Byshop there was a Pidgeon seene standing on his head and sodainly he was created Pastour of the Church which he looked not for as Eusebius writeth hee suffered martirdome vnder Decius 150. Some write that he baptized Philippus the first Emperour and that hee was the first that acknowledged the Christian faith Cornelius a Romaine was Bishop in the time of Decius the seauenth persecutour of Rome vnder whom he was martyred hee condemned the heresie of Nouatius Lucius a Romaine driuen into Exile by Gallus Hostilianus the persecutors of Christianity was comforted of S. Cyprian by letters he after his death returned to Rome and was put to death by Valerianus commaundement 255. Stephen a Romaine borne succeeded him who in the raigne of Galienus after he had conuerted many of the Gentiles to the faith of Christ was beheaded 257. Sixtus the second a Grecian of a Philosoâ—her became a Disciple of Christ and with many thousands of Martyrs was slaine in the â—ersecution of Decius and Valerius 267. â— Lawrance loued this Bishop euen to the â—eath of the which the one was slaine with â—he sword the other broyled to death vpon â— Gridiron In his time anno 260 one Paule terrified with the persecution got him into the VVildernes and solitary places and so became the first Eremite for that time as Eusebius sayth many Christians for feare of death denied their faith vpon this Monks had theyr beginning as Hierome writeth in the life of this Paule the Eremite Dionysius a Grecian as appeareth by the Church of Antioche 273. did conuince of error Paulus Samosatenus notwithstanding he could not be there himselfe by reason of his age hee conuerted to Christianity the daughter of the Emperour Decius and Triphonia her mother with 46. thousand more and at the length was martyred with them and many other at Salarie gate 277. Felix a Romaine beeing a good man and of vpright conuersation preached the Gospell vvhen Aurelianus did persecute the church vnder whom he sufferd martirdom Eutichianus a Thuscane wholy giuen to godlines saued many by his preaching the Gospell he buried with his own hands 342. Martirs and appoynted afterward an order for burying of them he in the end was a martyr himselfe 283. Caius borne in Dalmatia neere in blood to Dioclesian the Emperor was a most worthy president in the church of God he made the difference of Clergy amongst theÌ„ by degrees so that froÌ„ one degree to another they should arise to the estate of a Bishop in time of the persecution he with his brother Gabinius hid themselues in a Caue from whence being taken they were both slaine with the sword Marcellinus a Romain being terrified with the persecutors tirany vnder Dâ—oclesian and MaximiniaÌ„ he offered vnto the Idols a grain of Frankensence but after this deede repenting reproued Dioclesian to his face offering himselfe willingly to death for the truth of Christ he preuailed receauing the crowne of martirdome 303. Marcellus a Romain endeuored to remoue Maximianus froÌ„ persecuting the Saints but his hart being hardned coÌ„manded him to be â—eaten with cudgels to be driueÌ„ out of the City wherupon he went to the house of Lucina a widow there he kept the congregation secretly which Maximilianus hearing made a stable for Cattle of the same house coÌ„mitted the keeping of it to Marcellus after this he gouerned the churches by his epistles being thus daily tormeÌ„ted with stink noisomnes he gaue vp the ghost 308. Eusebius a Grecian gouerned the Church in the great storme of persecution vnder Maxentius vntill he died by martirdome as Massaeus writeth 309. Melchiades for preaching the truth suffered death vnder Maximinianus Galerius the Emperour 314. Syluester the first for feare of the persecution of Maximinianus liued solitarily in the hill Soracte but it pleased god to lay his hand vpon the persecutor forcing him to reuoke his dedly decrees against the Christians who died a miserable death in his torments acknowledged Christ Iesus repenting his bloody persecuting the cause of this his wofull end Siluester returned to Rome was the first romain Bishop that escaped martirdom he died a confessor 234. He condemned the heresie of Arrius in the counsell of Nice Constantine for the loue and zeale that he beare to the Church with other Christian Princes did endue the Pastours therof with many large benefits riches and possessions who lyuing in wealth and ease began to aduance themselues in dignity aboue their former estate putting rich miters vppon theyr heads and taking vppon them the name of Archbishops At the first in the Church deuotion bred wealth but the daughter choaked the mother engendered the monster Ambition who also like the cursed Impe of the bastard her mother did at the ende deuoure her Grandmother Religion Marcus a Romaine commanded that the people and the Clergy should on Sondayes after the Gospell were reade sing the Nicean Creede he builded Churches and gaue many gifts vnto them and dyed a Confessour 335. Iulius the first a Romaine as Platina wryteth appoynted certaine notaries to write the actts of other men the which office is yet about the Pope he caused also Churchyards to be made died a Confessour 351. Liberius a Romaine as Hierome witnesseth for ambition became an Arrian forsooke the true faith and subscribed to Arrius â—rticles dyed a Confessour 366. Faelix the second a Romaine was preferred by the Arrians who deposed Liberius aduanced him because they hoped he agreed with them in opinion but in the second yere he was depriued of his seate and Liberius restored and in the yeare of our Lord 359. he with other spyrituall persons was slaine in a tumult Damasus a Spaniard allowed Hieromes translation of the Bible whose notary he had beene in his youth he writ the lifes deeds of the Byshops of Rome and dyed a Confessour 384. Siricius a Romaine was the first that admitted Monkes into orders for pretence of single life who before were neuer reckoned to be as Clarks he mingled the Antiphones with the Psalmes dyed a Confessor 399. Anastasius a Romayne appoynted that whilst the Gospell was reading the people should stand he dyed a Confessour 404. Innocentius borne in Albania would haue the Sea of Rome to be iudged of none and died a Confessour 416. Sozimus a Grecian suppressed the Nouatian heretiques in Rome and dyed a Confessour 420. Boniâ—acius a Romaine decreed that Saints euenings should be kept and dyed a confessour 426. Caelestinus borne in Campania sent Germanus into England Paladius into Scotland and Patricke with a certaine Segetian into Ireland to roote out the Pelagian heresie he dyed a confessour 435. Sixtus the third a Romain called the enricher of Churches appoynted a yearely feast day in honor of Peters chaines to be kept at midsommer dyed
ragged Irus are as famous in respect being beggers with Poets as Mydas and Caesar two famous wealthy Kings of Lidia are mentioned of Plutarch Aristophanes maketh as much mention of Cleonimus the coward as Homer dooth of valiant Achilles Iuuenall Claudian report no lesse of the little Pigmees then Ouid or Virgill of the monstrous Cyclops Polyphemus and Enceladus two huge monstrous Gyants are not so famous in Virgill for theyr bignes as Conopas or Molon two little Dwarfes of two feete length are renovvned in Plinie for theyr smalenes Lysimachus was famed ouer all the world for that he being but a young Souldier vnder King Alexander killed a Lyon Ilerdes was so famous for archery that hee could kill a bird flying in the ayre so could Catenes and Commodus Paris was famous though otherwise infamous for that vvhen neyther Hector nor Troylus nor all the power of Phrygia could ouercome Achilles hee with an arrow slew him The fame of Rome in Tullies youth was but in her minority had not as then passed the mount Caucasus but afterwardes it grew in strength and spred her wings ouer all the world Cicero Iulius Caesar wept beholding the Image of Alexander the great at foure and twenty yeares of age saying Am not I miserable that haue done nothing woorthy of memory and yet this Prince at these yeares had executed so many notable things An Indian beeing commaunded by Alexander to shoote before him because hee had heard of his excellency in that Arte would not doe it where-vpon he condemned him to death who going to execution sayde That he had beene a very good Archer but because hee had long time intermitted the exercise hee feared hee should loose the reputation he once got and chose therefore to dye Curtius Alcibiades excelled in all Nations wheresoeuer he came euery man in the thing hee had most skill in Thucidides Cn. Pompeius who was but 24. yeares of age tryumphed ouer Affrike a thing neuer erst seene in any Romaine Eutropius Alexander refused to come to the feasts of Olympian gams because there was no kings to try the prices with-all Pompey from his youth shewed in his countenance great sparks of honour a pleasant mildnes ioyned with a manly grauity in his conditions behauior a reuerent excellency of kingly maiesty Ptolomey hauing ouercome Demetrius put his hoost to flight at the Citty of Gaza restored him his treasure all his stuffe with eight thoussnd prisoners saying that be stroue not with him but for honour and Empire which Demetrius shortly after ouercomming him requited in the like sort Drusius the Almaine vsed to visite the graues and toombs of the most renowned which were buried in Italy especially at hiâ— going to warfare saying That beholding their monuments hee did recouer both strength and stoutnes Dion There came froÌ„ Thebes a Knight to Rome for no other purpose but to see where it were true or no that was reported of the notable things there vvhom Mecaenas asked what hee thought of Rome and the Romaines who answered The memory of the absent doth more content mee then the glory of the present Cic. Plinius Caesar gaue 52. battailes at his pleasure Cyrus ouercame both Asieas Pirrhus came downe into Italy Atyla King of the Huns defied all Europe M. Marcellus who was the first that saw the backe of Haniball in the field was asked how hee durst enter into battaile with him who aunswered I am a Romaine borne and a Souldiour and by him shall I make my renowne euerlasting Sextus Cheronensis Iulius Caesar being counsailed to waite vppon the Consull Sylla to the end that by seruing him he might doe himselfe some good aunswered I sweare by the immortall Gods I will neuer serue any to be of more woorth and greater then I am Suetonius Of Feare This perturbation hath his deriuation from â—he mouing of the minde and Metus as Varro sayth is quasi motus animi a mouing of the mind for it seemeth that the mind is fled and the body much terrified when some euill happeneth towards vs. THE Siracusan Dionisius had more feare of the diuine Plato which was in Grecia then of all his enemies he had neere him in Sicilia Herodes Ascolonita did more feare Iohn Baptist then all the kingdome of Iudea Dionysius the tyrant was troubled vvith such torment of feare that being afrayde of the Barbours razors he vsed to sindge his beard with burning coales Cicero Alexander Pheraeus although he dearely loued his wife Thebe yet comming to her from banquetting into the chamber he comâ—maunded one to goe before with a dravvnâ— sword and sent his Gard to ransacke the woâ—mens Cofers and see that no weapons 〈◊〉 hidden in their garments Cicero VVhen Pompey and Caesar became eneâ—mies and so to ciuill warres the Kings aâ—â— people of the Occidentall part came to Iuâ—â—â—us Caesar and the mighty and most puissanâ— of the Orientall came in the ayde of greaâ— Pompeius because these Princes were loued of few and feared serued of all Eutro Mauritius dreaming that he should be killed of Phocas asked Philippicus what hee was who aunswered an ambitious Centurion but fearefull then Mauritius replyed If he be fearefull then is he a murderer Orosius Numa refused the gard of 300. Archers which Romulus had Liuius The Crocodiles of Aegipt if they be pursued flye if feared pursue them that flye Herodotus Q. Fabius Max. caused the handes of all those which had fled from the Romaine standard to be cut off as a terrour to all faynt cowardly Souldiers Val. Amongst the Spartans it was death to loose or cast away a shield in warre Epaminondas â—ad written vpon his shielde Aut hunc aut â—â—per hunc C. Valienus cutte off the fingers of hys left â—and because hee vvoulde not followe the â—varres in Italy but the Senate confiscated his goods and condemned him to perpetuâ—ll bonds The Egiptians called Ochus an Asse in their mother tongue comparing his cowardnes and blockishnesse to the vveakenesse and vnskilfulnesse of that vnreasonable beast in hiâ— discoÌ„mendation and reproch wherfore he violeÌ„tly snatching away their god which vvas an Oxe went and offered the same to an Asse The most fearefull of all men are the Garamants for they are afraide of euery thing and can abide the sight of none though they be armed yet they doe not vse theyr vveapons for they are afraide to hurt and when they are hurt they will not for very cowardize reuenge Herodatus Cicero being called by Clodius into iudgement because of his owne authoritie without permission of the Senate hee had commaunded Lentulus and Cethegus to be punished hee vvas of such an abated courage as hauing changed his garment vveeping as he vvas going fell at the feet of euery one vvhich he met Demosthenes nothing inferiour to Cicero in eloquence if by studie not extempory hee would haue spoken vvhen hee should haue defended himselfe before the Athenians he so forsooke himselfe as he had rather goe into perpetuall
banishment then by talk openly to beseech fauour or forgiuenesse at the hands of the Athenians Nero after hee had killed his mother confessed that vvhilst he slept he vvas troubled by her and tormented vvith the sight of Furies Cor. Tacitus A souldiour that fled whom Epaminondas that famous Thebane General pursued in returning backe slew him Niceas the generall Captaine of the Athenians through the feare which he had conceiued of the darknesse of an ecclips of the Moone and not knovving the cause thereof stayed so long determining vvith hymselfe that his enemies enclosed him round about vvhere-vpon he vvas taken aliue and put to death besides forty thousand Athenians that vvere taken and slaine In the Citty of Sparta vvhich for Armes and Artes flourished most among the Grecians there vvas a Temple consecrated to feare vvhich they sayd better preserued the estate of the Common-vvealth then any other thing Claudius the Emperor vvas so faintharted base minded and blockish that his mother said often of him That nature had begun but not finished him Agamemnon dispensed with a rich coward for going to vvarre personally for a Marâ— vvhich he gaue him Homer M. Aurelius vvas so farre from fearing hys subiects that he had neither gard nor porter in his Court. Of Ingratitude Vnder this monster haue all vices vvith a curse beene comprehended omnia dixeris si ingratum dixeris most rightly figured in swine who eate the Acorns but neuer looke vp to the tree SOcrates beeing pronounced by the Oracle of Apollo to bee the vvisest man in all Greece vvas poysoned for his religious care hee had in bringing vp the youth of Athence The Syracusans banished Dion by vvhosâ— vvisedome and valour they recouered theyâ— liberty and being afterward repealed they killed him Anthony in the time of Vespasian after alâ— his seruice against the Vitellians and after hâ— had recouered Rome vvas suspected by Mutianus brought to Rome without authoritie and visiting Vespasian in Asia hee was so coldly entertained that hee dyed shortlie after Philip the French-king put one of hys souldiours out of pay because hee was vnthankfull and caused him to bee marked in the fore-head with the vvord vnthankfull The ingratitude of the Romaines tovvard Scipio vvas by reason of the conceiued suspect of his fortunes the suddainenes of hys expedition and the greatnes of his enemies Plutarch Plato that princely Phylosopher called Aristotle a Mule because a Mule vvhen hee hath suckt his fill and hath enough of hys Dammes milke casteth vp his heeles and kicks vnkindly by this hee signified the ingratitude and vnthankfull nature of Aristotle for hee hauing receiued his Phylosophy from Plato disdained his Maister and in despight gathered an assembly and planted a Schoole Laertius The Athenians greatly commended thankfulnesse yet no Nation was more vnthankfull then themselues Caesar vvhen hee had ouercome Pompey at Pharsalia gaue great charge to his Captaines that in any wise they should saue Brutus but hee afterwarde like an vngratefull person vvas the chiefest of the conspirators Appian Laena vvho by Ciceros helpe had been saued from death pulled his heade out of the Litter and cutte it off hauing three stroaks making three vvoundes for vvant of cunning He cut off his hand also with which he wrote against Anthonie Idem The noble King Seleucus vvas kylled by Ptolomey Ceraunus whom hee had saued from the fury of his Father which vvoulde haue murdered him Craesus beeing releeued before hee came to his kingdome by one Pamphaes aftervvard in token that he had not forgotten this good turne he sent him a chariot full of siluer Darius when he was not superiour to a priuate man receiuing a rich robe of Solon for a giâ—t after that hee was confirmed in the throne royall he recompenced his curtesie committing vnto him the gouernment anâ— iurisdiction of the country of Samos Pyrrhus was exceedingly grieued for thâ— death of a friend who dyed before hee haâ— requited his many fauours The Romaines gaue him intelligence of a treason intended against him who to shevve himselfe thankfull sent backe vnto them a number of prisoners and vvould receiue no raunsome An Arabian Turke Admirall of the Infidels in their warre against Baldvvin King of Ierusalem vvas with his vvife and children taken prisoners whom the king set free in lue whereof he went by night and tolde him of the purpose of his companions and led him out of the towne from danger Cato the elder solde his old seruaunts that had serued him a long time in the market as wee vse to sell beastes a foule blot in so famous a man Solon for all the good desarts of his country was banished from thence and constrained to end his life at Cyprus Valerius Of Treason The enemy to loyaltie is Treason a thing of â—ll others most odious to God and among men â—east prosperous as by the euents appeare TArpeia for loue of gold dyd betray the Capitoll of Rome vnto Tatius King of the Sabines but vvith the golde receiued her deaths vvound Liuius Antigonus made much of those Traytors that went about to pleasure him but hauing once obtained his purpose he rewarded the vvith death A Schoole-maister among the Phalerians hauing the bringing vp of all the noble youth in the Citty betrayed them to Camillus hoping thereby to get reward fauour of the Romaines but Camillus disdaining his treason caused him to be stript and his handes bound behind him and gaue his schollers rodds and vvhyps to beate him home to the Citty Plutarch Fabritius sent Pyrrhus vvord of his trayterous Phisitian Plut. Lyciscus rotted aboue the ground for hys treasons against the Orchomenians The Embassadors that come to the Emperour of Tartary before they deliuer theyâ— message must of force passe betvveen tvvo fiers onely for this cause that if they bring any poyson by the force of the flames it may kill themselues The Athenians woulde suffer none to bee buried that were traytors to theyr country Bessus for his trayterous murdering of Darius vvas adiudged by Alexander to bee torne in sunder with two trees bowed downe together by maine strength one against the other vnto which his body vvas fastened Curtius Lasthenes hauing holpen King Philip to become maister of Olynthus whereof hee was an inhabitant complained to the King that certaine called him traytor but hee receiued this onely aunswere that the Macedonians were naturally rude grosse calling a Spade a Spade and all thinges else by theyr proper name Darius caused the heade of his sonne Ariobarzanes to be cut off because hee sought to betray his Armie to Alexander Augustus with his own hands put out the eyes of one that vvas accused vnto him of treason Mahomet hauing taken Constantinople through the treason of Iohn Iustinian of Genua after he had made him king according to promise within 3. daies after cut off hys head Dioclesian the Emperour tooke an oath in the open assembly of the souldiours that Numerianus vvas not slaine by any his treason and