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A64910 Q Valerius Maximus his collections of the memorable acts and sayings of orators, philosophers, statesmen, and other illustrious persons of the ancient Romans, and other foreign nations, upon various subjects together with the life of that famous historian / newly translated into English.; Factorum et dictorum memorabilium. English. 1684 Valerius Maximus.; Speed, Samuel, 1631-1682. 1675 (1675) Wing V33A; ESTC R24651 255,577 462

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becoming far-fetch'd Wisdome For had he labour'd more in the manuring his Lands than his Minde he had remained Master of his family at home but had not returned into his Country the great Anaxagoras 7. I might say that the Industry of Archimedes was very profitable but that it gave him life and took it from him again For when Syracuse was taken Marcellus was sensible that his Victory was much delayed by his Engines yet infinitely taken with the Prudence of the person he commanded the Souldiers to spare his Life assuming perhaps almost as much glory in saving Archimedes as in destroying Syracuse But while Archimedes was making Figures with his minde and eyes fixed upon the ground a Souldier that was broken into his house to plunder with his drawn Sword asked him who he was The Philosopher was so intent that he return'd him no direct Answer but parting the dust with his finger Have a care said he of spoyling this Circle Thereupon as one that slighted the Victor of the Empire the Souldier cut off his Head and blended his blood with the Lineaments of his Art Thus the same Study gave him his Life and deprived him of it again 8. Most certain it is that Socrates when he was stricken in years began to learn Musick believing it better to learn that Art late than never How little an accession of knowledge was that to Socrates Yet the obstinate Industry of the person to so much wealth and treasure of Learning would also adde the profitable Elements of Musick Thus while he thought himself poor lo learn he made himself rich to teach 9. And that we may reduce the Examples of a long and successful Industry to one head Isocrates compos'd that most noble Book entitled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when he was fourscore and four years of Age yet a work full of life and spirit By which it appears that the members of learned men growing old yet their Minds by the benefit of Industry retain the full vigour of Youth Nor did he end his days till he had five years enjoyed the fruit of the admiration of his work 10. Lesser bounds terminated the life of Chrysippus yet was he not short-liv'd for he left behind him the thirty ninth Book of his Logicks a book of exact nicety begun in the Eightieth Year of his Age. Whose Study in delivering the monuments of his Wit took up so much time and labour that a longer life would be requisite to understand the depth of his writings 11. Thee also Cleanthes so industrious in searching after and so laboriously delivering Wisdome the Deity of Industry could not but admire when she beheld thee in thy youth maintaining thy self by carrying water in the Night in the Day a diligent hearer of Chrysippus and till the Hundredth year within one with attentive care instructing thy Disciples With a double labour thou hast taken up the space of one Age making it uncertain whether thou wert a better Scholar or a Master 12. Sopholces had also a glorious combat with Nature as liberal of his wonderful Works as she was liberal in giving him long Time to compose them For he lived near an Hundred years his Oedipus Coloneus being written by him just before his death By which one Tragedy he won the honour from all the Poets in that way Which Jophon the Son of Sophocles would not have concealed from Posterity and therefore caused it to be inscribed upon his Fathers Tomb. 13. Simonides the Poet at Fourscore years of Age boasts himself that he taught Verses and contended for the prize at those years Nor was it but reason that he should long enjoy the fruit of his own Wit who was himself to communicate them for the benefit of eternity 14. Now for Solon how industrious he was he has declared in his Verses Wherein he signifies that he grew old always learning something and the last day of his life confirmed it For as his Friends were sitting by him and discoursing among themselves upon some subject or other he listed up his head then just about to bow to fate and being asked why he did so That when I understand said he what it is you are disputing upon I may dye Certainly Sloath had bin banished from among mankinde if all men should come into the world with the same Spirit that Solon le●t it 15. How great was the Industry of Themistocles Who though he had the care of the greatest affairs of his Countrey upon his shoulders yet was able to remember the particular names of all his fellow-Citizens And being through high Injustice driv'n from his Countrey and compell'd to fly to Xerxes whom a little before he had vanquish'd in battle before he came into his presence he accustom'd himself to the Persian language that having purchas'd commendation by labour he might render the Tone of his voice familiar and so customary to the Kings ear 16. The Applause of both which sorts of Industry two Kings divided between them Cyrus remembring all the names of his Souldiers Mithridates learning two and twenty several Tongues spoken within his Dominions This first that he might address himself to his Army without a Director The other that he might discourse to the people whom he govern'd without an Interpreter CHAP. VIII Of Ease praised ROMANS 1. P. Aemilianus and C. Laelius 2. Mutius Scaevola Augur FORRAIGNERS 1. Socrates of Athens 2. Achilles in Homer EAse because it seems to be contrary to Industry but chiefly to Labour ought to be briefly touch'd upon Not that which extinguishes but which recreates Vertue For the sloathful ought to avoid the one and the brave and stout may desire the other They that they may not live like Drones these that by a seasonable intermission from toyl they may be the fitter for Labour 1. The famous pair of Friends Scipio and Laelius united together not only by the bond of Love but by an association of all other Vertues as they perform'd the journey of a painful life with equal steps so they generally relax'd from business by consent For it is certain that at Caieta and Laurentum they used to gather up Shells and little Stones upon the Shoar And this L. Crassus often reported from the mouth of Q. Scaevola who was Son-in-Law to Laelius 2. As for Scaevola as he was the most certain witness of their Relaxation so he himself was wont to play at Ball having us'd to delight himself in that sort of exercise when the weight of his business was over Sometimes he was wont to spend his time at Chess and Tables after he had bin long ordering the Rights of his Citizens and the Ceremonies of his Gods For as he acted Scaevola in serious things so he shewed himself but only Man in his Sports and Recreations as whom Nature will not suffer to abide continual Labour FORRAIGNERS 1. This Socrates saw to whom no part of Wisdom was obscure which made him that he did not blush when Alcibiades setting a
right hind as would have serv'd five Souldiers for a Battle of a whole days continuance at length drawing his Sword and beating back his Enemies sometimes with the Point and sometimes with the Hilt he became such a spectacle of Wonder not only to the Romans but to the Britains also which none but those that beheld it could have imagin'd At length Anger and Shame forc'd them that were tir'd to do their utmost when he run through the Thigh his Face batter'd with Stones his Head-piece bruised in several places commits himself to the Sea and laden with two Coats of Mail escap'd through the Waves which he had dyed with the Blood of his Enemies Coming to his General not having lost his Arms but well bestow'd um when he deserv'd his praise he begg'd his pardon Great in fight but greater in the remembrance of Military Discipline Therefore by the best Esteemer and Discerner of Virtue both thy deeds and words were rewarded with the honour of a Centurions command 24. But let the Memory of Luc. Sicinius Dentatus conclude all the Roman Examples of the Fortitude of the Roman Warriours whose Deeds and the Rewards of his Actions may be thought to exceed the limits of belief but for the credit of the Authors among whom we finde M. Varro who attest the same in their Memorials whom they affirm to have been in an Hundred and Twenty pitch'd Battels being endued with that Courage of Mind and Strength of Body that he se●m'd to carry away the greatest share of the Victory And of these Battles there were Eight wherein he sought upon Challenges while both Armies lookt on He is said to have saved fourteen Citizens to have received forty five Wounds upon his Breast not having one Scar upon his Back He followed nine several Triumphal Chariots of several Generals drawing the eyes of the whole City that beheld the multitude and pompous glory of his Rewards For he had eight Golden Crowns fourteen City-Crowns and three Mural-Crowns together with one Obsi●●onal Garland Chains one hundred eighty three Bracelets one hundred and sixty Spears eighteen Trappings twenty five Ornaments sufficient for a Legion rather than for the use of a private Souldier FORREIGN 1. That Blood was also confounded out of many Bodies into one with great admiration in the Town of the Calibes where Fulvius Flaccus having condemn'd the chief of the City to loose their Heads for their Perfidiousness in Campania and that he was by Letters from the Senate order'd to see execution done Jubellius Taurea a Campanian freely offer'd himself to him crying ou● as loud as he could Because said he O Ful●●us thou art so desirous of shedding blood why dost thou delay to sheath thy Sword in my Bowels that thou maist have an occasion to boast that thou didst once ki●● a stouter man than thy self Who replying that he would gladly do it but that he was otherwise order'd by the Senate Behold me then replyed the other upon whom the Conscript Fathers have laid no commands outwardly quiet enough but meditating a great work in my mind and immediately killing his Wife and Children fell upon his own Sword What kind of person must we believe him to be who was so willing with the slaughter of himself and his Relations to testifie that he would rather delude the Cruelty of Fulvius than make use of the Mercy of the Senate 2. Again how great was the Courage of Gobrias who when he freed the Persians from the sordid and cruel Tyranny of the Magi having thrown one of the Magi down in a dark place and lying with all his weight upon him and perceiving that one of his Companions in his noble enterprize was afraid to kill the Tyrant for fear of hurting him cryed out Vse not thy Sword ere a whit the less timorously for fear of me rather thrust it through us both that this fellow may die the more speedily 3. In this place we meet with Leonidas a Noble Spartan than whose Designe Enterprize and Issue there was nothing more courageous For being placed in the Streights of Thermopylae against the whole force of Asia only with Three Hundred of his Citizens through the obstinacy of his Virtue he drave Xerxes to despair who a little before was a burthen both to Sea and Land not only terrible to Men but one that threatned to chain the Sea and setter the Heavens but being through the perfidiousness of the Inhabitants of that Country deprived of the advantage of the place he resolv'd to fall rather than leave the station where his Country had set him And therefore he exhorted his people with so much chearfulness to that Battle where they were sure to perish crying out Fellow-souldiers let us Dine like such as art to Sup in the other world Death was all their hopes yet fearless they obeyed their Leader as sure of Victory 4. The glorious Battle and Death of Othryades is only seen in the praise rather than in the larger space of Thyarete Who spoiling the enemy of Victory by Letters written with his own Blood after his own fate would not carry into the bosome of his Country the bloody superscription of his Trophies 5. But a most sad effort follows the most excellent effects of the Spartan Vertue Epaminondas the chief Felicity of Thebes and the first scourge of the Lacedemonian Valour when he had broken the antient glory and till that time invincible publick glory of that City in the two Battles of Mantinea and Leuctra being run through with a Spear and saluting for want of Blood and Breath ask●d those who endeavour'd to recover him First whether his Shield were safe and ●ext whether the Enemy was quite vanquish'd Which when he found according to his desire Fellow-Souldiers said he this is not the end but a fortunate and auspicious beginning of my life For your Epaminondas is now born because be thus dyes I see Thebes by my Conduct and Command the head of all Greece The strong and courageous City of Sparta submits vanquish'd by our Arms and Greece freed from her bitter Tyranny Not having Children yet I die not without Children I leave Leuctra and Mantinea behind me Then commanding the Spear to be pull'd out of his Body he expir'd Whom if the Immortal Gods had suffer'd to enjoy his Victories a more glorious Redeemer had never enter'd the Walls of any City 6. Nor was the Constancy of Theramenes the Athenian inconsiderable being compell'd to die in Prison where without any signe of fear he drank the Potion prepar'd for him by the thirty Tyrants and smiling upon the publick Officer that brought it Tell Critias quoth he I drink to him and therefore take care that thou carry him the Cup assoon as thou canst Now this Critias was the cruellest or all the Tyrants Certainly it is as easie to free a mans self from punishment as to endure punishment and thus Theramenes as if he had died in his Bed departed this life by his enemies