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A37035 A commentarie upon the book of the Revelation Wherein the text is explained, the series of the several prophecies contained in that book, deduced according to their order and dependance on each other; the periods and succession of times, at, or about which, these prophecies, that are already fulfilled, began to be, and were more fully accomplished, fixed and applied according to history; and those that are yet to be fulfilled, modestly, and so far as is warrantable, enquired into. Together with some practical observations, and several digressions, necessary for vindicating, clearing, and confirming many weighty and important truths. Delivered in several lectures, by that learned, laborious, and faithfull servant of Jesus Christ, James Durham, late Minister of the Gospel in Glasgow. To which is affixed a brief summary of the whole book, with a twofold index, one of the several digressions, another of the chief and principall purposes and words contained in this treatise. Durham, James, 1622-1658. 1658 (1658) Wing D2805; ESTC R216058 1,353,392 814

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Church of Christ. Neither ought it to move any if it should be objected that Presbyteries are before Synods and Congregations before these because Members that constitute the one have commission from the other and therefore Congregations must be first as Shires are before a Parliament or Kingdom made up of them because they commissionate such This I say hath no weight in it 1. Because the Catholick Church hath not her being from particular Churches but doth descend as is said from the preceeding generation till it come to the first Church that ever was from which all that followed were derived and did extend themselves accordingly as they encreased as hath been said and Adam's familie is once Gods Church thereafter Noahs then Abraham's is especially adopted after that at Christ's coming the Gentiles are ingrafted in that stock and the Ordinances that came from Zion prevailed and that not to constitute different Churches but to encrease and enlarge that one Church which for its accommodation might have its diverse rooms but be still one familie the Gospel-church therefore hath its being from the Church before Christ and particular Congregations have their being from it as parts of the same 2. The similitudes hold not for before there be a Generall Assembly there is an unity of the Catholick Church which warrandeth her Members to conveen in one and Presbyteries to instruct for that end otherwise they could not do it even as the Kingdom as such is before a Parliament met and hath an unity before Cities choice and although Cities considered abstractly may be before such an union because the union may depend upon voluntary submission yet if they be considered as parts of that Kingdom it is supposed to be first and to communicate to them such priviledges and therefore they are free parts of such a body not because they give the whole a being but because they have a being from it so here particular Congregations cannot be considered as parts of the whole but the whole must be supposed to be first which on such occasions are bound to concur in generall although sometimes in the particular it may be free whether to joyn with such or such a particular Church or any other From which many usefull points touching the externall order Discipline and Government of the Church will follow and is the right understanding of the nature of the Covenant of Grace doth conduce exceedingly to the clearing of Gospel-truths so the right understanding of this unity of the Catholick Church hath great influence upon the uptaking of what concerneth her outward administration in order and Discipline and that communion which is amongst Ministers and Members of the visible Church whereof somewhat was said Chap. 2. vers 1. To this purpose may be observed that famous Augustine did long ago take the defence of Ticonius writing against the Donatists upon this same subject as may be seen in his writings against Parmenianus lib. 1. cap. 10. LECTURE I. CHAP. XIII Vers. 1. ANd I stood upon the sand of the sea and saw a beast rise up out of the sea having seven heads and ten horns and upon his horns ten crowns and upon his heads the name of blasphemie 2. And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard and his feet were as the feet of a bear and his mouth as the mouth of a lion and the dragon gave him his power and his seat and great authority 3. And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death and his deadly wound was healed and all the world wondred after the beast THe right understanding of this Chapter is of great concernment to the understanding of this prophesie it hath such difficulty in it that by some it is accounted as crux interpretum The difficulty is not even almost with Papists whether the Roman state be designed here or not or concerning the beasts if by one of them Antichrist be holden forth both these are palpable and certain this being compared with the 17. Chap. The difficulty lieth in these two 1. To what time state or head of the Roman Empire they relate 2. If different states be meaned by these two beasts Or if one Antichrist as diversly considered be set out by these shapes because one doth not sufficiently paint him out who standeth both in a Civil and Ecclesiastick relation so that now Satan as it were being first spoiled of temporall Authority in his lieutennant the heathen Emperour and being also disappointed of his second design of drowning the Church by errors setteth himself to hasten up a new Kingdom or Deputy but in another shape that by joyning both violence and deceit in him together he may bring to passe what these being essayed separately did not effectuate So that this is looked on as the product of the Dragons third design wherein his uttermost skill kytheth and the greatest strength of his Kingdom lieth which design is answerably described in a double type The 1. shewing what really Antichrist is to whom he succeedeth of whom he hath his power where he sitteth and to what height he cometh c. The 2. how he appeareth what way he carried on and brought about that design and what weapons and pretences were abused for that end This we conceive shortly to be the scope and drift of both these types for more clear understanding whereof we shall premit some generall propositions the particulars whereof will appear more in opening this and the 17. Chapter Proposition 1. It is ordinary to the Prophets especially to Daniel to set out temporall Monarchies by great beasts as Chap. 7. and 8. And these beasts do not hold forth individuall persons but a successive series of the same line on that throne and it is usuall in this prophesie to borrow types from him only sometimes that which is spoken in the Old Testament of temporall enemies or straits of the Church is applied to spirituall and covered enemies as many things literally agreeing to Antiochus are applied to Antichrist and things literally true of Pharaoh are applied to the devil So by a Beast here may be meaned a State of great power and violence against the Church though not in or by a single person in one generation executed but for a long time by a series of one combined body successively under one head This must be understood that of the Churches suffering under the Dragon formerly his first Deputy the heathen Empire and Emperour being understood thereby as it was one body though under diverse individuall Emperours successively Propos. 2. Sometimes one state thing or person will be set out in Scripture by diverse types and beasts so Dan. 7. the Persian Empire is set forth by a Bear the Grecian by a Leopard In the 8. the Persian by a Ram and the Grecian by a He-goat See Chap. 7. the Seleucides Kingdom though but a branch of the Grecian is set out by a beast as different from the other wholly because
large commissions and power as the like were never heard of his triple Crown reacheth to command heaven by giving orders to the Angels and earth by disposing of all the Kingdoms of it Hell and Purgatory by bringing thence and sending thither whom he pleaseth and at what price he pleaseth without any controll so that none can say what dost thou he is only countable to the Dragon who commissionateth him This is clear from Popes practices and their Schoolmens writings in defence of his power 2. That by that same mean never was any authority so much reverenced adored and obeyed as this blasphemous usurpation of the Popes should be witnesse the generall inslaving of the world to him so long what pennances and submissions and pains have been gone about by great Emperours and Kings even to the laying of their neck under his feet to be trodden on by him Many instances and examples are of it Before he go on to describe the practice of this beast he putteth in a word vers 3. concerning the wounding and healing of one of the heads of this beast and the effect of it to shew that what is spoken of this beast belongeth to it allanerly under its last policie or seventh head and the healing of this head is the very ground and rise of this wondering For understanding this ye must consider two things 1. concerning the story in fact 2. concerning the phrase of this Book 1. For matter of fact as ye have heard Rome had seven sorts of Governments including the Pope all Idolaters The sixth to wit Heathen Emperours was then when Iohn wrote it was the immediate foregoing head to this seventh By Constantine and other Emperours this Heathenish Religion was altered to Christian and the seat of the civil Empire transported to Constantinople so that Rome seemed to want an head especially an head that had blasphemy on it till by the Popes stepping up at Rome both were helped 2. Consider that when this Revelation speaketh of the Empire it speaketh of it with respect to its Religion and as it was the seat of the Dragons exercising power in all these Governments even as under the sixth seal a change of Religion in the world is set out by types as if the world were changed so here the wounding of a head is not a cutting off of Emperours simply but their ceasing to be a head to that beast and to be blasphemous and persecuting as before for they are not heads to it simply but as having on them a name of blasphemy for they hold of the Dragon and this healed head is his creature vers 4. and he is worshipped in it This cannot be said of civil Authority in it self which is Gods Ordinance The devil then must have a speciall hand in this cure so the wounding or slaying of a head deadly will not infer the ceasing of that Government simply but to be such as it was as in other visions and changes in the worlds passing away c. which holdeth but not its annihilating but its ceasing to be such See Chap. 6.13 and Chap. 8. Add that this wound is not to be given to the head after this beasts arising but before it yea the healing of this is the same with this beasts rising For all he doth he doth it after it is made whole Then he is admired then he fighteth with the Saints This head then that is wounded is that which was in Iohn's time to wit Heathen Emperours It is here particularly said to be wounded which is not said between the succession of any other two heads because they succeeding one to another their Idolatry was not hurt But here when Heathenish Emperours were cast out Heathenish Idolatry was cast out with them Idolatry before keeped alwayes its room in all the heads equally here it is degraded 2. It is for a time interrupted before this head be again publick to wit between the altering of Heathenish Idolatry and the publick appearing of Popes Therefore it appeareth desperately wounded rather now than between any other heads before where the interruption between them was not so desperate and palpable 3. At other times no question the civil state of the Empire got many wounds by many Invasions and invaders but the Dragon who is still here represented as chief through all the heads got never such a wound Shortly this third verse containeth three things 1. The heads wounding 2. It s healing 3. It s effect on the world The head that is wounded is the Heathen Cesars or Emperours for five were past the seventh was not till the wound was healed Therefore it was the sixth then present which was wounded This wound is in two things 1. A deadly stroke upon Idolatry so as it was Chap. 6. under the sixth seal the Idolatrous body was slain and overturned by it that same may be said of the blasphemous head 2. By an hudge eclipsing of the chief seat of this Empire by the Emperours removing his Court to Constantinople whereby the glory of that city was diminished So when Iohn speaketh of this wound I saw saith he an hudge Idolatrous beast with seven successive Idolatrous Governments counting both what was past and what was to come and I saw the sixth of them thus wounded and that deadly 1. Because it was a great stroke it got and none would have thought that after these two Rome should have had again an Idolatrous Government in pomp and yet 2. but wounded as it were to death because I saw the devil after recover that ground another way which he lost by this 2. This wound was healed the curer is afterward pointed at vers 4. the Dragon it is a birth of his that is the bringing forth the seventh head to wit papacy whereby that Beast or Rome recovered both its former losses with advantage 1. By the Popes they recovered Idolatry for if the want of that is the wound the restoring of that is the cure and it was not done till it was done by the Popes This was touched Chap. 9.20 For the healing of this head is not the restoring of the same head and name of blasphemie which was but it is the in-bringing of another to succeed that for the healed head continueth during the fourty two moneths that Antichrist reigneth and the horns are crowned Therefore it cannot be the restoring again either of Emperours or Heathenish Idolatry but of that which succeeded these otherwise there would be no time for the seventh or two behoved to be together but it is called a healing in respect of the Idolatry that was wounded the Empire being still safe This is healed not only by bringing-in Idolatry and yet not the same but one exceeding like it so that what was given to devils directly is now given mediately by Saints Angels and Images to them and all their superstitious Ceremonies and Idolatrous Temples are professedly transferred from one Idolatry to another But secondly also by this Rome the seat