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A64109 The rule and exercises of holy living. In which are described the means and instruments of obtaining every vertue, and the remedies against every vice, and considerations serving to the resisting all temptations. Together with prayers containing the whole duty of a Christian, and the parts of devotion fitted to all occasions, and furnish'd for all necessities. Taylor, Jeremy, 1613-1667.; Vaughan, Robert, engraver. 1650 (1650) Wing T371; ESTC R203748 252,635 440

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the spirits of one used to feed better yet the cheerfulnesse of a spirit that is blessed will make a thin table become a delicacy if the man was as well taught as he was fed and learned his duty when he received the blessing Poverty therefore is in some sences eligible and to be preferred before riches but in all sences it is very tolerable Death of Children or neerest Relatives and Friends There are some persons who have been noted for excellent in their lives and passions rarely innocent and yet hugely penitent for indiscretions and harmlesse infirmities such as was Paulina one of the ghostly children of S. Hierom and yet when any of her children dyed she was arrested with a sorrow so great as brought her to the margent of her grave And the more tender our spirits are made by Religion the more easy we are to let in grief if the cause be innocent and be but in any sence twisted with piety and due affections * To cure which we may consider that al the world must die therfore to be impatient at the death of a person concerning whom it was certain and known that he must die is to mourn because thy friend or childe was not born an Angel and when thou hast a while made thy self miserable by an importunate and uselesse grief it may be thou shalt die thy self and leave others to their choice whether they will mourn for thee or no but by that time it will appear how impertinent that grief was which served no end of life and ended in thy own funeral But what great matter is it if sparks fly upward or a stone falls into a pit if that which was combustible be burned or that which was liquid be melted or that which is mortal do die It is no more then a man does every day for every night death hath gotten possession of that day and we shall never live that day over again and when the last day is come there are no more dayes left for us to die And what is sleeping and waking but living and dying what is Sping and Autumne youth and old age morning and evening but real images of life and death and really the same to many considerable effects and changes Vntimely death But it is not mere dying that is pretended by some as the cause of their impatient mourning but that the childe died young before he knew good and evil his right hand from his left and so lost all his portion of this world and they know not of what excellency his portion in the next shall be * If he dyed young he lost but little for he understood but little and had not capacities of great pleasures or great cares but yet he dyed innocent and before the sweetnesse of his soul was deflour d and ravished from him by the flames and follies of a forward age he went out from the dining-rooms before he had fallen into errour by the intemperance of his meat or the deluge of drink and he hath obtain'd this favour of God that his soul hath suffered a lesse imprisonment and her load was sooner taken o●f that he might with lesser delayes goe and converse with immortal spirits and the babe is taken into Paradise before he knows good and evil For that knowledge threw our great Father out and this ignorance returns the childe thithe * But as concerning thy own particular remove thy thoughts back to those dayes in which thy childe was not born and you are now but as then you was and there is no difference but that you had a son born and if you reckon that for evil you are unthankful for the blessing if it be good it is better that you had the blessing for a while then not at all and yet if he had never been born this sorrow had not been at all but be no more displeased at God for giving you the blessing for a while then you would have been if he had not given it at all and reckon that intervening blessing for a gain but account it not an evil and if it be a good turn it not into sorrow and sadnesse * But if we have great reason to complain of the calamities and evils o● our life then we have the lesse reason to grieve that those whom we loved have so small a portion of evil assigned to them And it is no small advantage that our children dying young receive for their condition of a blessed immortality is rendred to them secure by being snatcht from the dangers of an evil choice and carried to their little cells of felicity where they can weep no more And this the wisest of the Gentiles understood well when they forbade any offerings or libations to be made for dead infants as was usual for their other dead as believing they were entred into a secure possession to which they went with no other condition but that they passed into it thorough the way of mortality and for a few moneths wore an uneasy garment And let weeping parents say if they do not think that the evils their little babes have suffered are suf●icient If they be why are they troubled that they were taken from those many and greater which in succeeding years are great enough to try all the reason and religion which art and nature and the grace of God hath produc'd in us to enable us for such sad contentions And possibly we may doubt concerning men and women but we cannot suspect that to infants death can be such an evil but that it brings to them much more good then it takes them from in this life Death unseasonable But others can well bear the death of infants but when they have spent some years of childehood or youth and are entred into arts and society when they are hopeful and provided for when the parents are to reap the comfort of all their fears and cares then it breaks the spirit to loose them This is true in many but this is not love to the dead but to themselves for they misse what they had flatterd themselves into by hope and opinion and if it were kindnes●e to the dead they may consider that since we hope he is gone to God and to rest it is an ill expression of our love to them that we weep for their good fortune For that life is not best which is longest and when they are descended into the grave it shall not be inquired how long they have lived but how well And yet this shortening of their dayes is an evil wholly depending upon opinion For if men did naturally live but twenty years then we should be satisfied if they dyed about sixteen or eighteen and yet eighteen years now are as long as eighteen years would be then and if a man were but of a dayes life it is well if he lasts till even long and then sayes his compline an hour before the time and we are pleased and call not that death
immature if he lives till seventy and yet this age is as short of the old periods before and since the flood as this youths age for whom you mourn is of the present fulnesse Suppose therefore a decree passed upon this person as there have been many upon all mankinde and God hath set him a shorter period and then we may as well bear the immature death of the young man as the death of the oldest men for they also are immature and unseasonable in respect of the old periods of many generations * And why are we troubled that he had arts and sciences before he dyed or are we troubled that he does not live to make use of them the first is cause of joy for they are excellent in order to certain ends And the second cannot be cause of sorrow because he hath no need to use them as the case now stands being provided for with the provisions of an Angel and the maner of Eternity However the sons and the parents friends and relatives are in the world like hours and minutes to a day The hour comes and must passe and some stay but minutes and they also passe and shall never return again But let it be considered that from the time in which a man is conceived from that time forward to Eternitie he shall never cease to be and let him dye young or old still he hath an immortal soul and hath laid down his body onely for a time as that which was the instrument of his trouble and sorrow and the scene of sicknesses and disease But he is in a more noble manner of being after death then he can be here and the childe may with more reason be allowed to cry for leaving his mothers womb for this world then a man can for changing this world for another Sudden deaths or violent Others are yet troubled at the manner of their childes or friends death He was drowned or lost his head or dyed of the plague and this is a new spring of sorrow but no man can give a sensible account how it shall be worse for a childe to dye with drowning in half an hour then to endure a feaver of one and twenty dayes And if my friend lost his head so he did not lose his constancy and his religion he dyed with huge advantage Being Childelesse But by this means I am left without an Heir Well suppose that Thou hast no Heir and I have no inheritance and there are many Kings and Emperors that have died childlesse many Royal lines are extinguished And Augustus Caesar was forced to adopt his wives son to inherit all the Roman greatnesse And there are many wise persons that never marryed and we read no where that any o● the children of the Apostles did survive their Fathers and all that inherit any thing of Christs kingdom come to it by Adoption not by natural inheritance and to dye without an natural heir is no intolerable evil since it was sanctified in ●he person of Jesus who dyed a Virgin Evil or unfortunate Children And by this means we are freed from the greater srorows of having a fool a swine or a goat to rule after us in our families and yet even this condition admits of comfort For all the wilde Americans are supposed to be the sons of Dodonai● and the sons of Iacob are now the most scattered and despised people in the whole world The son of Solomon was but a silly weak man and the son of Hezekiah was wicked and all the fools and barbarous people all the thieves and pirates all the slaves and miserable men and women of the world a●e the sons and daughters of Noah and we must not look to be exempted from that portion of sorrow which God gave to Noah and Adam to Abraham to Isaack and to Iacob I pray God send us into the lot of Abraham But if any thing happens worse to us it is enough for us that we bear it evenly Our own death And how if you were to die your self you know you must Onely be ready for it by the preparations of a good life and then it is the greatest good that ever happened to thee else there is nothing that can comfort you But if you have served God in a holy life send away the women and the weepers tell them it is as much intemperance to weep too much as to laugh too much and when thou art alone or with fitting company dye as thou shouldest but do not dye impatiently and like a fox catch'd in a trap For if you fear death you shall never the more avoid it but you make it miserable Fannius that kild himself for fear of death dyed as certainly as Portia that eat burning coals or Cato that cut his own throat To dye is necessary and natural and it may be honourable but to dye poorly and basely and sinfully that alone is it that can make a man unfortunate No man can be a slave but he that fears pain or fears to die To such a man nothing but chance and peaceable times can secure his duty and he depends upon things without sor his felicity and so is well but during the pleasure of his enemy or a Thief or a Tyrant or it may be of a dog or a wilde bull Prayers for the several Graces and parts of Christian Sobriety A Prayer against Sensuality O Eternal Father thou that sittest in Heaven invested with essential Glories and Divine perfections fill my soul with so deep a sence of the excellencies of spiritual and heavenly things that my affections being weaned from the pleasures of the world and the false allurements of sin I may with great severity and the prudence of a holy discipline and strict desires with clear resolutions and a free spirit have my conversation in Heaven and heavenly imployments that being in affections as in my condition a Pilgrim and a stranger here I may covet after and labour for an abiding city and at last may enter into and for ever dwell in the Coelestial Jerusalem which is the mother of us all through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen For Temperance O ALmighty God and gracious Father of Men and Angels who openest thy hand and fillest all things with plenty and hast provided for thy servant sufficient to satisfie all my needs teach me to use thy creatures soberly and temperately that I may not with loads of meat or drink make the temptations of my enemy to prevail upon me or my spirit unapt for the performance of my duty or my body healthlesse or my affections sensual and unholy O my God never suffer that the blessings which thou givest me may either minister to sin or sicknesse but to health and holinesse and thanksgiving that in the strength of thy provisions I may cheerfully and actively and diligently serve thee that I may worthily feast at thy table here and be accounted worthy through thy grace to be admitted to thy
dye The practise of this part of justice is to be directed by the following Rules Rules of making Restitution 1. Whosoever is an effective real cause of doing his Neighbour wrong by what instrument soever he does it whether by commanding or incouraging it by counselling or commending it by acting it or not hindering it when he might and ought by concealing it or receiving it is bound to make restitution to his Neighbour if without him the injury had not been done but by him or his assistance it was For by the same reason that every one of these is guilty of the sin and is cause of the injury by the same they are bound to make reparation because by him his Neighbour is made worse and therefore is to be put into that state from whence he was forced And suppose that thou hast perswaded an injury to be done to thy Neighbour which others would have perswaded if thou hadst not yet thou art still obliged because thou really didst cause the injury just as they had been obliged if they had done it and thou art not at all the lesse bound by having persons as ill inclined as thou wert 2. He that commanded the injury to be done is first bound then he that did it and after these they also are obliged who did so assist as without them the thing would not have been done If satisfaction be made by any of the former the latter is tyed to repentance but no restitution But if the injured person be not righted every one o● them is who●ly guilty of the injustice and therefore bound to restitution singlely and intirely 3. Whosoever intends a little injury to his Neighbour and acts it and by it a greater evil accidentally comes he is obliged to make an intire reparation of all the injurie of that which he intended and of that which he intended not but yet acted by his own instrument going further then he at first purposed it He that set fire on a plane Tree to spite his Neighbour and the plane Tree set fire upon his Neighbours House is bound to pay for all the losse because it did all arise from his own ill intention It is like murder committed by a drunken person involuntary in some of the effect but voluntary in the other parts of it and in all the cause and therefore the guilty person is answerable for all of it And when Ariarathes the Cappadocian King had but in wantonesse stop'd the mouth of the river Melanus although he intended no evil yet Euphrates being swell'd by that means and bearing away some of the strand of Cappadocia did great spoil to the Phrygians and Galatians and therefore by the Roman Senate was condemned in three hundred talents towards reparation of the damage Much rather therefore when the lesser part of the evil was directly intended 4. He that hinders a charitable person from giving alms to a poor man is tyed to restitution if he hindred him by fraud or violence Because it was a right which the poor man had when the good man had designed and resolved it and the fraud or violence hinders the effect but not the purpose and therefore he who used the deceit or the force is injurious and did damage to the poor man But if the alms were hindered onely by intreaty the hinderer is not tyed to restitution because intreaty took not liberty away from the giver but left him still Master of his own act and he had power to alter his purpose and so long there was no injustice done The same is the case of a Testator giving a legacy either by kindenesse or by promise and common right He that hinders the charitable Legacy by fraud or violence or the due Legacy by intreaty is equally obliged to restitution The reason of the latter part of this case is because he that intreats or perswades to a sin is as guilty as he that acts it and if without his perswasion the sin and the injury would not be acted he is in his kinde the intire cause and therefore obliged to repair the injury as much as the person that does the wrong immediately 5. He that refuses to do any part of his duty to which he is otherwise obliged without a bribe is bound to restore that money because he took it in his Neighbours wrong and not as a salary for his labour or a reward of his wisdom for his stipend hath paid all that or he hath obliged himself to do it by his voluntary undertaking 6. He that takes any thing from his Neighbour which was justly forfeited but yet takes it not as a Minister of justice but to satisfie his own revenge or avarice is tyed to repentance but not to restitution For my Neighbour is not the worse for my act for thither the Law and his own demerits bore him but because I took the forfeiture indirectly I am answerable to God for my unhandsome unjust or uncharitable circumstances Thus Philip of Macedon was reproved by Aristides for destroying the Phocenses because although they deserved it yet he did it not in prosecution of the law of Nations but to enlarge his own dominions 7. The heir of an oblig'd person is not bound to make restitution if the obligation passed onely by a personal act but if it passed from his person to his estate then the estate passes with all its burden If the Father by perswading his neighbour to do injustice ●e bound to restore the action is extinguished by the death of the Father because it was onely the Fathers sin that bound him which cannot directly binde the son therefore the son is free And this is so in all personal actions unlesse where the civil Law interposes and alters the case These rules concern the persons that are obliged to make restitution the other circumstances of it are thus described 8. He that by fact or word or signe either fraudulently or violently does hurt to his Neighbours body life goods good name friends or soul is bound to make restitution in the several instances according as they are capable to be made In all these instances we must separate intreaty and inticements from deceit or violence If I perswade my Neighbour to commit adultery I still leave him or her in their own power and though I am answerable to God for my sin yet not to my Neighbour For I made her to be willing yet she was willing that is the same at last as I was at first but if I have used fraud and made her to believe a lie upon which confidence she did the act and without it she would not as if I tell a woman her Husband is dead or intended to kill her or is himself an adulterous man or if I use violence that is either force her or threaten her with death or a grievous wound or any thing that takes her from the liberty of her choice I