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A44720 Florus Hungaricus, or, The history of Hungaria and Transylvania deduced from the original of that nation, and their setling in Europe in the year of our Lord 461, to this dangerous and suspectful period of that kingdome by the present Turkish invasion, anno 1664. Howell, James, 1594?-1666. 1664 (1664) Wing H3077A; ESTC R32355 145,417 336

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him but in this he onely trifled away time while Rakoczi most of the strong places being possessed by the Catholick party besieged Tyrnaw which at last opened its Gates to General Douglasse and his Son Sigismund where the Bishops and Noblemen now Crest-fallen humbly intreated Canysius the Protestant Preacher of the place to mediate with the Victor that he would take them into his Clemency which was granted at his intercession And now Rakoczi distrusting this eager favour of Fortune inclined to a Composure which Caesar more desirous of both for that the Climate agreed not with his forrain Souldiery and the huge price of grain the unsuccessful siege of Cassovia with the forced retreat of Bouchain to Presburgh readily consented to and hastily concluded to the great vexation and anger of the Swede This Peace was Proclaimed on St. Bartholomew's Day by which seven Lordships in Hungary were confirmed to the Transylvanian 90 Churches restored to the Protestants and the rest of their Priviledges confirmed to them Torstenson thus forsaken of his Confederate was abandoned by his Fortune and forced to rise from the siege of Prunna In the mean while died the Palatine to whom Drascovitius was substituted and the Instrument of the Transylvanian Pacification was made publick notwithstanding both parties in Hungary were as imbittered as ever about the Extermination of the Jesuits and ready to draw one upon another The next year Ferdinand the fourth was Crowned King of Hungary the Peace continuing with the Turks but so fallaciously that three hundred of them were got privily into Raab where being discovered by a Woman they were all of them slain and the City preserved by the Divine favour and protection In the Year 1648 died Prince Rakoczi to whom Succeeded his Son George as Ferdinand the fourth Crowned King of the Romans a Prince of more Hopes then Glory after he had lived to the age of 22 years Deceased in the Year 1653. and Leopold Ignatius his Brother succeeded him in all his Dignities Kingdomes and Dominions In the Year 1656 the Swede having Invaded Poland and almost Conquered the hither part so that the many Garrisons he was forced to Man had almost drayned his Army by his Ambassadors invited Prince Rakoczi to the Spoyl and his Assistance and such was the evil Fate of Transylvania and Rakoczi in particular that allured by the great advantages the Ruin of that Kingdom promised him he Confederated himself with the Swede maintaining Correspondencies and intrigues with all his Allyes particularly with the pretended Protector of England to whom he sent an Envoy to transact his Concerns of Money to the payment whereof the King of Sweden had by pact obliged the said Usurper the consideration and satisfaction whereof are of no great moment to this discourse The Transylvanians betaking themselves to their Arms from which they had been longer disused than throughout the whole series of their History the Turks having been sometime before engaged against the Persians and lately against the Venetians and labouring with their own mis-carriages and errours of Government little imagined they should wear them so long if ever it be their hap to put them off without parting with their Liberty and Religion and to such a Calamitous Defence of their own Countrey In fine an Army of 16000 men was presently raised and put under the Command of Backos Gabor which were the Van of those Forces that Rakoczi intended for this Expedition himself following in person with another Army who as soon as they were entered Poland in most horrible manner fell a ravaging and Sacking the Towns and pillaging the Churches and defacing the beauties thereof in hatred of the Roman Catholick Religion so that a fearful Desolation was made as they passed To passe by other occurrents of his proceedings in this Kingdome after he had joyned with the Swedes the Enterprize of Cracovia may suffice for instance of his Hostility in this Kingdome which he besieged and after a short Defence had it surrendred to him the Swedes and he demolishing almost the City of Casimir built on the other side the Weysel it being one of those places which was to be assigned him with the Palatinate thereof for his share in recompense of his Service This place in the ballance of the Swedish Fortune being besieged by Feild Marshal Lubomirsky Rakoczi came to its relief and gave a notable Defeat to the Pole who raised his siege and fled before him The said Prince afterwards embodying with the Swedes in Lithuania took in the strong City of Biscia Litinsky being there personally present with the King of Sweden and where he took his last leave of him returning to Samoysch to secure his footing and maintain what he had gotten but the Danish War interveening and calling the King of Sweden away to the Defence of his own Kingdome and the Duke of Brandenburgh falling off likewise and renouncing that Kings Interest besides that the Pole had newly made a League with the House of Austria who upon Caution and Articles were to supply him with an Army of 16000 men then upon their March out of Silesia Rakoczi perceived that the whole brunt of the War was like to fall upon him now deserted and abandoned by all his Partakers And therefore he thought it high time to apply himself to the wayes of Peace the Turk having also countermanded him sometime before at the instance of the Polish Ambassador at Constantinople who it was thought had bribed Rakoczi into that disfavour and hatred with the Grand Seignior who now peremptorily Commanded him he having delayed to comply with his first Orders of return so surrender his Principality to his Cousin Reada or Radus and in tendency thereunto made offer of a surrender of all those places he had taken during this War thinking thereby also to have satisfied the Tukish Emperour provided he might have safe egresse out of that Kingdome which was now very hazzardous for that the Poles and Austrians had way-laid him in the mountainous passages by which he must needs return But the Poles so stomached the loss prejudice they received from him causelesly especially his Church-robberies that they delayed him with an answer to this effect That being tied to such Articles with the House of Austria and the King of Hungary they could make no Agreement without them which artifice being understood by Rakoczi more Forces drawing likewise against him besides that another party of 12000. of them had Invaded his Dominions in Hungary and in Revenge burnt down thirty six Villages he resolved to make his way with his Sword while there was a possibility of effecting it which with much difficulty and hazard being several times set upon and forced to fight his way by good Guides and happy Conduct he atchieved but brought a sorry Army home in Comparison of what he marched out with This same year Died the Emperour Ferdinand
acquainted Lencovitius with his Design with Five hundred Segnians by a Hole in the precipice of the Rock not observed by the Turks crept into the Fortresse and mastered the Turks whom they slew betwixt sleeping and waking Ibrahim mad at this losse came and besieged it with Apardi Bassa of Bosnia whom Lencovitius with 5000 men drawn out of the adjacent Garrisons drove with much gallantry out of their Trenches and Leagure with a total rout but too secure of an unfledged victory was by the unexpected return of Ibrahim who had collected his scattered dispersed remnants among the Hills and Woods himself discomfited remembring nothing of the Encounter but the Prey they had lost Lencovitius got into Clissia whence fearing the want of water he escaped with 200 men leaving the rest to the Sword or Captivity and Clissia fainting with thirst lost to the Bargain While Caesar was busied at his Diets held at Prague Vienna Presburgh and Ratisbone as Sigismund at Claudianopolis the noise of Mahomets vast preparations had terrified all those parts of Christendome To be before hand with him therefore Herbersteyn and Dracovitius the Successor of Erdoedius a man whose noble Acts had raised him beyond all Accessions of Felicity so that he had nothing to fear but Fortune invested Constanicia attempted to be relieved by Apardis of Bosnia but he was beaten and the Town taken with the like Fate Achomet the Eunuch with 20 noised to be a 100 thousand men coming too late to his Assistance besieged Petrinia joyntly with him to the relief hereof Drascovitius Lencovitius Erdeodus and Heberstayn assayed to passe the Colapis but neither Ford nor Bridge being feasible they retreated toward the head of the River which the Enemy mistaking for a Flight suddenly by swimming and wading passed over in pursuit of them but was so gauled in his passage by Musquet shot and so well received at his Landing that happy was he could get back again in which endevour many of them perished At Siscia● the Christians found passage and the Enemy besieging it whose Scouts they put to flight sending with them the terror and rumor of a numerous Army with which they advanced and besieged the besiegers who valorously attempted to break through or to carry the place but were at last what by the Bullets from the Castle and the Sword from the Camp reduced to the Discretion of the Victor Onely Aphus and Odaverdus Achomet's Assistants escaped away In Hungary the ballance of ill Fortune we●● equal Solyman Bassa of Temeswar and En●nehan of Belgrade besieged Lippa whence the obstinacy of the besieged and the fame 〈◊〉 Barbelius had repulsed them and Sigismun● subdued Nagylachum at the same time toge●ther with the Tartar Cham who in mo● savage manner destroyed the Countrey in th● great plain betwixt Belgrade and Temeswar a● pursued him almost 30. miles Maximili● also besieged Hatvanum aided by Swartzr●●burgh his forces amounting to 20000. Foot and 15000. Horse the Governour of this place was Arslanes the Son of Saralibeg● a youth of great virtue above his Age who by a fortunate and vigorous Salley so terrified the General of the Ordnance that he abandoned his Battery He was incited the more to this Gallantry by his Mother Fatima a Woman of a virile and noble Spirit who set before him the reward of Victory or an Honourable glorious Death if vanquished but such was his fatal oversight that while his men wearied with toyle and anguished with wounds were taking their repose by his order and had abandoned their Stations the Christians entred and with Turkish Cruelty put them all to the Sword Arslanes making a resolute opposition fell not unrevenged This Slaughter at Ha●vanum Agria expiated for Sultan Mahomet with 200 thousand men a greater number then Solyman e're brought into Christendome being arrived at Belgrade sent away Gyaffer Bassa an Eunuch before him to that place the Christians as accustomed to the War being no way daunted at his approach His first Assault was with great constancy and courage repelled and the maintenance of the Town resolved on by Tersco Nyari and Kinski the Commanders but the Germans and Walloons being afraid of their Lives articled and delivered it although they saved not their lives thereby being first stripped and then put to the Sword Nyari hiding himself in their Camp as Barisonius and Kinnski in the Belgrade Tower escaped away in the night At length Maximilian came to Rimaszombathum and at Rimaszecsum Sigismund Bathori joyned his Forces with him amounting to 32 thousand Horse and 28 thousand foot At Keresture both Armies engaged and the Turks by the valour of the Fronteers of Swarzemburgh's Palfi's and Kyrali's Brigades with the losse of 8000. men and 43. great Guns were driven back to the Camp which Mahomet opposed to the Christians Maximilian seeing the presentnesse and heat of the Souldiers passed over the Morasse before him and came to succour his Companions Hereupon ensued in the Turks Camp great lamentation and fear Mahomet himself flying to Szolnoc while the slaughter was continued upon his men And now without dispute the Turk had been totally routed when the Christians neglecting the pursuit and disorderly rifling their Camp were themselves put to flight It is reported that there were not above 500. Turks that made this first resistance by whose hardnesse Cicala Bassa streight collected 40. thousand more and furiously prosecuted this turn of Fortune slaying these Camp pillagers like sheep of whom by meer fear only 10. others say 20 thousand were missing with all the Baggage which fell to the Enemy so that a brave victory was slot by Covetousnesse Nor did the Enemy carry away an unbloodyed Conquest leaving behind him twenty others write fifty thousand slain Mahomet to Constantinople and Maximilian troubled in mind and having gathered his dispersion to Vienna while Serini worsted the Governour of Zigeth puft up with this Event at his siege of Babocza and Palfi confirmed the wavering Towns of Strigonium and Vacia Sigismund to be installed and honoured with the Order of the Godlen ●leece took a journy to Prague appearing much troubled at this unhappy issue of the War and the Conscience of his Facts being by nature more difficile to blot out the memory of them than to commit them in his anger and therefore now he resigned his Principality for fear of the Turk and his own Concerns to Maximilian although advised by Caesar that the affections of the People were more enclined to a Prince of their own Nation and that the present exigence of affairs could not but cause some discontents in the State notwithstanding he persisted in his Humour and gave a Divorce to his Wife Conditioning for the Principality of Opulia fifty thousand pounds and a Cardinals Hat to be obtained for him by the Emperour he seeming to loath the unstable state of Greatnesse being yet himself the ficklest of all Maximilian stood more firmly to his
her right and Interest Solyman's resentment of these proceedings The fatal End of George George Monachus assassinated The attempt of the Hungarians upon Segedine 1553. Vesprinium yeilded to the Tu●ks Their further successes Theuffelus and Pallavicinus defeated Agria nobly defended by Dobo and Neskeyus 1555. Count Serini his Successes Aly the Bassa of Buda Defeated 1556. Dissentions ●n Tran●ylvania between the Governours The Emperours ●osses in Transylvania 1560. The Queens administration in Transylvania She puts sundry Noblemen of her party to death The Death of Q. Isabel John Sigismund worsted in Transylvania Arslanes defeated by Count Serini The calamitous condition of Transylvania and Hungary 1562. The death of Ferdinand Maximilian succeeds in the Kingdome to his Father Ferdinand 1564. Maximilian's Successes in Transylvania 1565. A Peace concluded between John and Maximilian New troubles in Transylvania by the Turks Composed again Solymans last Expedition into Hungary 1566. His enterview with John Sigismund John requests Buda to be delivered to him but in vain Gyula betrayed to the Turks by the Governour Kerecsenius Count Nicholas Serini besieged in Sigeth 1566. Solyman in the 47. year of his Reign dieth at Quinque Ecclesiae three dayes before the surrender of Sigeth Zigeth taken The Death of the Noble Count Serini John Sigismund aided with an Army of Tartars Their cruel rapine makes him engage and vanquish them Various success●s in Tran●ylvania Sig●smunds soul Practises 1567. 1570. The Peace betwixt Maximilian and Sigismund The death of Sigismund 1571. Bekessius his ambitious designes upon the succession but conferred on Stephen Bathori 1572. A Phanatick story in Hungary 1574. The same acted in Illyria The seeds of new troubles in Hungary As also in Transylvania Bekessius ruined Affairs of Poland relating to Hungary Bathor●'s Successes 1575. Elected K. of Poland His Generosity to Bekessius A new Rupture with the Turks The Death of Maximilian Rudolphus the second succeeds his Father Maximilian 1579. The Turks vanquished 1583. 1584. 1585. Prodigies in Hungary 1586. Frequent Military actions in Hungary 1586. Affairs in Poland Decemb. 2. Anno Regni 10. Maximilian Rudolph's Brother taken prisoner and civilly treated by Samoyscius the Chancellour of Poland 1587. S●svares defeated poysons himself Fe●hates Bassa Defeated by Racockzi 1590. Military Actions in Illyria by the rupture begun by Bassa Hasanes * The place where the Prodigy of the Ducks and Geese lately happened The Exploits of Hasanes 1592. Hasanes rowed and drowned 12000 Tur●s slain Sinan Bassa arrives in Hungary Has●nes Mehemet Bassa defeated at Alba Regalis 1594. Novigrad and other places reduced by the Hungarians the Turks defeated Strigonium in vain besieged by Matthias Raab besieged and taken by Sinan Bassa The boldnesse and Courage of the Tartars Co●nt Hardeck the Governour Perlini beheaded at Vienna 1595. 1594. Novemb. Young Sigismund the Prince of Transylvania headily engages against the Turks His Declaration thereof to the estates their disallowance His cruel proceedings with the refractory Nobility Strangles his own Uncle Balthasor with others His League with the Emperour Mahomet the 3d. succeeds his Father Amurath The large supplies given the Emperour Count Mansfield Gene●all 1584. Strigonium besieged by Count Manfeld The Courage of the Walloons The Turks attempting the releif of the Town defeated 14000. slain Mansfeld dies of a Surfeit Turks again defeated Strigonium yeilded Sigismund's Enterprises and Successes conjoyned with the two Vayvods of Valachia and Moldavia Sinan Invades Hungary Michael the Vayvod distressed Sinan Bassa defeated as he in flight passed over the Danow Sinan's Death Revolutions in Moldavia 1594. O●●ob 1596. The Christians unsuccessful attempt on Clissia * Clausenburg The Turks defeated before Petrin●● in Illyria The Affairs o● Hungary The Siege of Harvanum taken by M●ximilian Agria yeilded to Sultan Mahomet in person The Battel of Keresture betwixt Mahomet and Maximilian 1596. 26. Oct. Mahomet returns to Constantinople Sigismunds despondencies and fluctuations Vascia's suuccesses in Hungary Palfi's Swarzemburgh's Successful Enterprize upon Raab Raab surprized taken after a sharp bloody Dispute Sigismund resumes ●be Principolity of Transylvania by means of B●●zkay Sigismund's Excuses The Turks intermeddle and besiege Varadin but repulsed Sigismunds new practises Alba Regalis attempted by Petards in vain Ibrahim the cheif Viziers Expedition into Hnngary His ravaging Crueltys The end of Michael the valiant Vayvod of Valachia Samoyscius his revenge against him Michael defeated flyes to Prague Csaki ' s Intrigues The French mutiny at Papa Their punishment Sigismund resumes his Principality Sigismund Defeated The Vayvods assassinated Sigismund's the Transylvanians Breach of League with the Turks severely punished Affairs in Illyria Canysa yeilded to the Turks by Paradyser for which he lost his head at Vienna Ferdinands outrages against the Protestants Canysa besieged by Ferdinand The siege broken up Alba Regalis taken by the D. 〈◊〉 Merc●ur 〈◊〉 regained by the Turks The Sieges of Buda Pesth Buda's Seige broke up 1603. * Hermanstad Radulo the Vayvods Successes against the Rebels in Transylvania Sultan Mahomet dies 1603 Persecution against the Protestanes in Transylvania Bocskay appears in Transylvania The Imperiallists worsted by Bocskay Bocskay's appearance in Transylvania● assisted by the Nobility Basta deserted by his Souldiery for want of Pay Bockskays ●nswer to the Emperours Ambassadours His success●s Presburgh attempted and Austria invaded by Bockskay● Partys The like ravage made in Styria by Nemethus and others S●rigonium 〈◊〉 again to th● Tu●ks 1605. in the th●●d year of the reign of 〈◊〉 Boczkay doth Homage to the great Vizier at Buda for Transylvania The Emperor makes Peace with Bocskay the reason thereof The Articles of the Peace Peace with the Turk also The Conditions of it Bocskay dyeth and appointeth Homonnai for his successor but the people chuse Rakoczi Matthias gains to himself the Crown of Hungary Matthias allows the Hungarians their Privileges Rakoczi ' s Modesty Prince Bathori defeated by Radulo Vayvod of Valachia He recovers his Losses again His infamous lust * Which he rode in one day being distant 150 English miles Prince Bathori assassinated by some of the Nobles Achmet in preparation for War in Hungary dies 1617. Sultan O●man strangled The Emperors Matthias dieth Ferdinand the 2d K. of Hungary The Bohemian War in Brief Bethlen Gobor takes part with Frederick K. of Bohemia Bethlen ' s successes in Hungary Rakoczi his Vice Roy defeated by Homonnai The Marquesse of Anspach his Treachery The Treachery of the Marquiss of Anspuch The King of Bohemia defeated at Prague Bethlen stiled King of Hungary Tampiri slai● Bohemia lost 1621. Newhausel besieged by Bucq●oy Bucquoy slain 1621. Gab●iel's new Later● prises in Hungary A Peace betwixt Gabor the Emperour 1622. A new Rupture on the part of Bethlen G●b●r Gabor deserted by the Turk renews the Peace with disadvantage 1624. Ferdinand the 3d. K. of Hungary 1626. The Coronation of Ferdinand the third New stirs and an Invasion into Hungary by Bethlen 1627. The Death of Count Mansfeld And of the Duke of Weymar Sacer Ignis And of Bethlen Gabor Anno 1628. Divisions in Transylvania about Election of a new Prince 1631. Rakoczi established Prince of Transylvania Unnatural Disloyalty punished Rakoczi incensed against the Emperour Csakius forceth his peace from Rakoczi Turks assist against R●koczi and are defeated The vengeance that pursued David Zolyomi 1633. Bethlen raiseth a new war against Rakoczi 1637. Troubles about Religion in Hungary Maintained and abetted by Rakoczi 1639. 1642. Rakoczi sl●ghted by the Emperour 1644. War proclaimed by Rakoczi against Ferdinand His manifest and successes Rakoczi yeilds to a Peace with the Emperour 1645. General Torstenson abandoned by Rakoczi Ferdinand the 4th K. of Hungary 1646. Raab designed upon by the Turks Rakoczi's and Ferdinands Death The Swedes invade Poland Rakoczi joyns with him The Transylvanians ravage Poland Cracovia taken by the Swedes and Rakoczi Rakoczi's actions in Poland Deserted by the Swede Rakoczi commanded by the Grand Seigniour to retire out of Poland And to surrender his Principality Fights his way out of Poland 1657. The death of Eerdinand the 3d. Emperour● The Vayvod of Valachia worsted in his Quarrel Turks Defeated at Arad The Turks again defeated at Hermanstadr The death of Rakoczi Varadin yeilded Remini Janos the successor of Rakoczi oppressed with numbers A Warbegun in Hungary The German Army moulders away J●mes forced to desist from his Claime The Turks appear with a formidable Army in Hungary Count Forgatz defeated The Siege of Newhausel An Invasion into Moravia Count Serini made Generalissimo The Grond Vizier's aspect upon Presburgh Niutra taken by the Vizier Tyrnaw likewise and other places Comes before Schinta in vain The Vizier departs out of Hungary His rear attaqued Apaffi appears for the Turks 〈◊〉 Actions He Attempts the Mine Towns Novigrad and Leventz yeilded to Apaffi Apaffi seizeth some of the Mine Towns Count Serini moves from his Quarters The Emperour to the diet at Regensburg The Death of the Arch-Duke Charles Joseph The Turks defeated in their passage over the Mur by Count Serini The force of the Empire sum●ed up Severall places revolt in Transylvania to Ap●ffi Count Serini's expedition into the Turks Country The Bridge of Esseck burnt by him Count Serini layes waste the Country round about The Town of Quinque Ecclesiae stormed and sacked by him S●gess taken and Garrisoned by him Count Strini's honourable Return