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A16281 The fardle of facions conteining the aunciente maners, customes, and lawes, of the peoples enhabiting the two partes of the earth, called Affrike and Asia.; Omnium gentium mores. Book 1-2. English Joannes, ca. 1485-1535.; Josephus, Flavius. Antiquitates Judaicae.; Waterman, William, fl. 1555? 1555 (1555) STC 3197; ESTC S102775 133,143 358

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eche syde of the aulter where he enioyned also the people to make the sacrifice stondinge that the Latine calleth Sacrificium Solidum and aftre not to offre that daye anye more sacrifice For why he said it was not lawfulle Thus I saye did Moyses institute these thinges and the people of the Hebrues from daye to daye obserued them forthe on The nexte daie calling the whole multitude together in so muche that there was neither woman nor childe ne bonde body absence he charged them wondrefully sore to take hede to the lawes and not to trāsgresse them But that as nion that diligently waied goddes minde and wille thei should spare none that offeded against them neither for kindredes sake ne for feare Nor yet as thincking any other cause to be more to be weighed then the obseruacion of the lawes But raither yf any one manne of their kindered or any whole citie would go about to disturbe or abrogate the ordinaūces of their commune wealthe that thei should take vengemente vpon them bothe by officer and without And that if in suche case it fortuned them to haue the bettre of suche aduersary to the lawe that thei shoulde vtterly destroy him or them not leauing an agguelet of a poincte for the memorial of such hopeloste persones if it ware possible And in case thei ware not able to reuenge for lacke of power that yet they should so worke that thei myghte well shewe that those thinges ware done full euyll against their wille And the multitude forsothe did sweare He taught thē to howe their sacrifices mighte be made more acceptable vnto God and how thei should when they sette forthe to the warres chose their lucke by stone lottes as I haue shewed afore Iosua also prophesied Moyses yet beyng presente among them And Moyses thus wayeng all those thinges that he had done for the people bothe cōcerning warre and peace in makinge them lawes and teachinge them an ordre of a commune wealthe by the whiche if thei directed their steppes thei mighte enioye a prosperous blessednes signified vnto them that God had giuē knowledge that thei should in time to come forsake his lawes and ceremonies and therfore suffre muche affliction and aduersitie In sorte that their londe should be euen filled with their ennemies Their Cities and townes beaten downe smothe to the grounde the Temple burned and they them seues beynge solde should serue as thralles vnto men that should take no pitie of their calamities And that whē thei suffred these thinges thei should sore repente thē of their transgressions but then in vaine God notwihstāding that fourmed and made ye shal restore ye againe vnto your citezins bothe their Cities and the Temple And the losse of these quoth he shall happen ofte ner then ones or twyse Then Moyses encouraging Iosua to marche out with the armye against the Cananites as one assured to haue God his ayder in all his entreprises and prai enge for prosperous lucke and successe for all the whole multitude saieth Seinge that I must departe vnto our forefathers and God hathe appoincted this the daye of my departure vnto them I openly confesse before ye all yet beyng aliue and present with you the thanckes that Iowe vnto him and now giue him not onely for the regarde that he alwaye had to ye to tourne fro ye that that was euill and to giue vnto ye that that was good but also that it pleased him to succoure me when I had niede of his helping hande in all my cares and troubles of minde for your reformacion and amendement into bettre and shewed him selfe tendre vnto vs in all our affaires Or raither that it pleased him to take in hande his selfe to leade in and let out vsinge me as a lieuetenaunte and ministre of the benefites wherwith he would blesse your people For the whiche nowe at my leaue taking I thoughte it conuenient and fitting with my duety first to prayse and magnifie together with you the mighty power of GOD the whiche shal also shewe him self carefulle for you in times to come And he yea euē he shal yelde againe to you a thanckefulnes of his gentlenes for your thanckefulnes of duetie wher throughe he shall make you confesse in conscience that ye are for his bounteousnes bounde to reuerence worshippe and honour him and to haue his lawes in price Bothe those whiche he hath giuen you and per hereafter shall that ye maye kepe him fauourable vnto you of all stores the moste goodly treasure For manne him selfe that is a lawe maker becommeth a bittre ennemye when he seeth his lawes broken sette at noughte and throwen vndre foote But be not ye in wille diere brethren for the tendre loue of GOD to proue what maner of one he is when he beginneth to kindle into wrathe for the contempte of the lawes whiche he gaue vnto you as the maker of them all Moses speaking these woordes euin to the laste farewell of his life and prophecieng the destenies of euery seuerall tribe with manye woordes of good fortune and chaunce the whole multitude braste out into teares so that the women also wringinge their handes and throwinge their armes abrode shewed the strōge sorowe that thei felte for his death now at hāde Yea the children cryenge and sobbinge aboue the rest as lesse able to bridle their grief and lamentacion declared by their pietifull wailinges that their vnderstode the wonderfulle vertue of him and the excellencie of his doynges aboue the course of their age And to saye all the sorowes of the younger and the elder straue as it ware in balaunce for the maistery acording as thei diuersely felte in their minde For the one knowing by experience what a gouernour and chiefteine thei loste lamented their lacke for the time to come and the other bothe sorowed for that and also and yet more because he was berafte them before thei had well tasted his pierelesse wysedome A manne mighte gesse the greatnesse of the lamentacion and mone of the multitude by that that happened vnto Moyses him selfe For where he had almoste assured him selfe all the dates of his lyfe that his departure out of this worlde should neuer any whitte trouble him as the thing that he muste necessarily suffre by the wil of God and natures lawe yet was he by the compassion of the dolour of the people cōpelled to let falle the teares And goynge forthe together to the place wher he should departe fro them thei al folowed him howling for sorowe And those that ware farthest of Moyses commaunded with the beckening of his hādes to staye stil ther aloofe And those that ware nierer with comfortable wordes he entreated that thei woulde not bring aftre him their teares any nigher to make his farewell more dolorous And thei thinkinge it miete to geue him place therin that he mighte departe his owne way as him siemed best tourned their heades into eche others bosome sobbed vp their sorowes with many salt
These Ethiopians or Indianes excepted al the reste of the people of Libia Westward are worshippers of Mahomet and liue aftre the same sorte in maner that the Barbariens do in Egipte at this present and are called Maures or Moores as I thincke of their outleapes and wide rowming For that people was no lesse noysome to Lybie in those cursed tymes when so greate mutation of thinges happened when peoples ware so chaunged suche alteration of seruice and religion broughte in and so many newe names giuen vnto contries then the Sarasens ware ¶ The. v. Chapiter ¶ Of Aegipte and the auncient maners of that people AEgipte is a Countrie liyng in Affrike or as some hold opintō borderyng thervpō so named of Aegiptus Danaus brother where afore it was called Aeria This Aegipte as Plinie recordeth in his fiueth boke toutheth on the East vppon the redde Sea and the land of Palestine On the West fronteth vpon Cirene and the residue of Afrike On the South it stretcheth to Ae thiope And on the Nor the is ended with the sea to whom it giueth name The notable Cities of that Countrie ware in tyme past Thebes Abydos Alexandrie Babilon and Memphis at this daie called Damiate alias Chairus or Alkair and the seate of the Soldā a citie of notable largenesse In Aegipt as Plato affirmeth it was neuer sene rain But Nilus suppliyng that defaulte yerely aboute saincte Barnabies tide with his ouerflowynges maketh the soile fertile It is nombred of the moste parte of writers emong the Islandes For that Nilus so parteth hymself aboute it that he facioneth it triangle wise The Aegiptians firste of all other deuised the names of the twelue Goddes builte vp Altares and Images erected Chappelles and Temples and graued in stone the similitude of many sondrie beastes All whiche their doynges dooe manifestly make that thei came of the Aethiopes who as Diodore the Sicilian saieth ware the firste inuentours of all these Their women in old tyme had all the trade of occupiyng and brokage abrode and reuelled at the Tauerne and kepte iustie chiere And the men satte at home spinnyng and woorkyng of Lace and suche other thynges as women are wonte The men bare their burdeins on the heade the women on the shulder In the easemente of vrine the men rowked doune the women stoode vprighte The easemente of ordure thei vsed at home but commonly feasted abrode in the stretes No woman tooke ordres either of God or Goddesse Their maner of ordres is not to make seuerally for euery Goddesse and God a seuerall priest but al at a shuffe in generall for all Emong the whiche one is an heade whose sonne enheriteth his roume by succession The men children euen of a custome of that people did with good wil kepe their fathers and mothers but the women children yf they refused it ware compelled The moste part of men in solempne burialles shaue their heades and let theyr beardes growe but Thegiptians shaued their beardes and let their heades grow They wrought their doughe with their fiete and their claye with their handes As the Greciens do beleue this people and their ofspring are they that vsed circumcision Thei ordre their writyng frō their right hande towarde their left contrary to vs. It was the maner emonge them that the menne should we are two garmentes at ones the women but one As the Aethiopes had so learned they of them two maner of lettres the one seuerall to the priestes thother vsed in commune Their priestes euery thirde daye shaued their bodies that there might be none occasiō of filthinesse whē they shold ministre or sacrifie Thei did weare garmentes of linnen euer cleane wasshed and white and shoes of a certeine kinde of russhes named Papyrus whiche aftre became stuffe to geue name to our paper They neither sette beane their selues ne eate them where soeuer they grewe no the priest may not loke vpon a beane for that it is iudged an vncleane puls They are wasshed euery daye in colde water thrise and euery nighte twise The heades of their sacrifices for that they vsed to curse them with many terrible woordes did they not eate but either the priestes solde them to such strangiers as had trade emonge them or if there ware no suche ready in time they threwe them in to Nilus All the Egiptians offer in sacrifice neither cowe ne cowe calfe because they are hallowed to Isis their goddesse but bulles and bulle calues or oxen and stieres For their meate they vse moche a kynde of pancake made of rye meale For lacke of grapes they vse wyne made of Barly They liue also with fisshe either dried in the Sonne and so eaten rawe or elles kept in pikle They fiede also vpō birdes and foules firste salted and then eaten rawe Quaile and mallard are not but for the richer sorte At all solempne suppers when a nomber is gathered and the tables withdrawen some one of the company carieth aboute in an open case the image of death caruen out of wodde or drawē with the pencille as niere to the vine as is possible of a cubite or two cubites long at the moste Who shewyng it aboute to euery of the gestes saieth loke here drinke and be mery for aftre thy death suche shalt thou be The yonger yf they miete their auncient or bettre vpon the waye giue them place going somewhat aside or yf the aunciente fortune to come in place where they are sitting they arise out of their seate wherin they agre with the Lacedemoniēs Whē thei miete in the waye they do reuerence to eche other bowing their bodies and letting fal their handes on their knees They weare longe garmentes of lynnen hemmed about the skirtes beneth whiche they calle Casiliras ouer the which they throwe on another white garment also Wollen apparelle thei neither weare to the churche ne bewry any man in Nowe forasmoche as they afore time that euer excelled in anye kinde of learning or durste take vppon them to prescribe lawe and rule of life vnto other as Orpheus Homere Museus Melampode Dedalus Licurgus Solon Plato Pithagoras Samolxis Eudoxus Democritus Inopides and Moses the Hebrue with manye other whose names the Egiptians glorie to be cronicled with theim traueiled first to the Egiptians to learne emōgest them bothe wisedome and politique ordre wherein at those daies they passed all other me thinketh it pleasaunte and necessarie also to stande somewhat vpon their maners ceremonies and Lawes that it may be knowen what they sondry moe haue borowed of thē and translated vnto other For as Philip Beroalde writeth in his commentary vpon Apuleius booke entituled the Goldē Asse the moste parte of the deuices that we vse in our Christian religion ware borowed out of the maner of Thegiptians As surpluis and rochet and suche linnen garmentes shauen crownes tourninges at the altare our masse solem puities our or ganes our knielinges crouchinges praiers and other of that kinde The kinges of Egipte saieth
that thei maie eni●ie the pleasure of the shewe It is harde to discerne by the appareile the maide fro the wife or the woman fro the manne so like araied doe the menne and the womē go Thei weare brieches the one and the other When thei shal go to the skirmishe or to battaille some couer their armes whiche at all other tymes are naked with plates of iron buckeled together alonge in many pietes that thei may the easelier sturre their armes Some doe the same with many foldes of Lcather wherwith thei also arme their head Thei cannot handle a target nor but fewe of theim a launce or a long sweard Thei haue curtilasses of iij. quarters longe not double edged but backed Thei fighte all with a quarter blowe neither right downe ne foyning Thei be very redy on horsebacke and very skilful archers He is compted moste valeaūte that best obserueth the commaundement and the obedience dewe to his capitaine Thei haue no wages for their souldie yet are thei prest and ready in all affayres and all commaundementes In battayle and otherwise wher oughte is to be done very politike and experte The princes and capitaines entre not the battle but standing aloofe crye vnto their men and harten them on lookinge diligently aboute on euery side what is nedefull to be done Sometime to make the armye sieme the greater and the more terrible to the ennemy thei set vp on horsebacke their wiues and their children yea and men made of cloutes It is no vilany amonge them to flye if any thinge maye eyther be saued or wonne by it When thei will shoote thei vnarme their righte arme and then let thei flye with suche violence that it pearceth all kinde of armour Thei giue the onset flockinge in plumpes and likewise in plompes they flie And in the flighte thei so shoote backe warde behinde them that thei slea many of their ennemies pursuinge the chase And when thei perceiue their ennemies dispersed by pursuinge the chase or not to fighte any thing wholie together soudeinly retourninge thei beginne a newe onset with a hayle of shotte neither sparing horse ne mā So that oftetimes thei ouercome when thei are thoughte to be vāquisshed when thei come to enuade any quartre or countrie thei deuide their armie and sette vpon it on euery parte so that the enhabitours can neither haue laisure to assemble and resiste ne waye to escape Thus are thei alway sure of the victory whiche thei knytte vp with moste proude crueltie Neither sparinge manne woman ne childe olde ne younge sauing the artificer onely whome thei reserue for their own vses And this slaughter make thei aftre this maner When thei haue all taken them thei distribute them to their Centurians who committe them againe to the slaues to euery one fewer or moe acordinge to the multitude And when the slaues haue all slayne them as bouchers kylle hogges then for a terrour to al other ther about of euery thousāde of the dead thei take one and hange him vp by the hieles vpon a stake amydde these deade bodies and so ordre his heade as though it appiered by his facion or maner of hanginge that he yet bothe harkened the complainte of his felowes and lessoned them againe Many of the Tartarres when the bodies lie fresshe bliedinge on the grounde laye them downe alonge and sucke of the bloud a full gloute Thei kepe faithe to no manne howe depely so euer thei binde them selues thervnto Thei deale yet wou●se with those that thei ouercome with force The maidens and younge women thei deflowre and defile as thei come to hande neither do thei iudge it any dishonestie The beautifuller sorte thei leade away with thē and in ertreame misery constraine them to be their slaues all their lyfe longe Of all other thei are moste vnbrideled in leachery For althoughe thei marye as many wiues as thei luste and are able to kepe no degre prohibited but mother doughter and sister yet are thei as rācke bouguers with mankinde and with beastes as the Saracenes are and no punishmente for it amonge them The woman that thei marie thei neuer take as wife ne receiue any dowrie with her vntill she haue borne a childe So that if she be barren he maye caste her vp and mary another This is a notable meruaile that though amonge theim manye women haue but one manne yet thei neuer lightely falle out ne brawle one with another for him And yet are the menne parcialle in theyr loue shewing muche more fauour to one then another and goynge fro the bedde of the one streighte to the bedde of an other The women haue their seuerall tētes and householdes And yet liue verye chastely and true to their housebandes For bothe the manne and the woman taken in adultery suffre death by the lawe Those that are not occupied for the warres driue the catteile a fielde and there kepe them Thei hunte and exercise them selues in wrastlinge other thing doe thei not The care of prouision for meate and drincke appareille and householde they betake to the women This people hath many supersticious toyes It is a heynous matier with them to touche the fier or take flesshe out of a potte with a knife Thei hewe or choppe no maner of thing by the fire leasse by any maner of meanes thei might fortune to hurte the thing which alway thei haue in reuerence and iudge to be the clenser and purifier of al thinges To laye them downe to reste vppon the whippe that thei stirre theyr horse with for spurres they vse none or to touche their shaftes therewith in no wyse thei wylle not Thei neither kille younge birdes ne take them in the neste or otherwaies Thei beate not the horse with the bridle Thei breake not one bone with another Thei are ware not to spill any spone meate or drincke specially milke No manne pisseth within the compasse of their soiourning place And if any one of self willed stubbornesse should do it he ware sure withoute all mercy to die for it But if necessitie constraine thē to do it as it often happeneth then the tente of hym that did it with all that is in it muste be clensed and purified aftre this maner They make two fires thre strides one from another And by ethe fire thei pitche downe a Iaueline Vpon them is tied a lyne stretching fro the one to the other and couered ouer with butkerame Betwene these ii Iauelins as throughe a gate muste all thinges passe that are to be purified Two women to whome this office belongeth stande on either side one sprinckelinge on watre and mumblinge certaine verses No straūgier of what dignitie so euer he be or of howe greate importaunce so euer the cause of his comming be is admitred to the kinges sighte before he be purified He that treadeth vppon the thressholde of the tente wherin their kinge or anye of his chiefteines lyeth dieth for it in the place If any manne bite