Selected quad for the lemma: death_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	slay_v	young_a	youth_n	42	3	7.4770	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A95995	Æneas his descent into Hell as it is inimitably described by the prince of poets in the sixth of his Æneis. / Made English by John Boys of Hode-Court, Esq; together with an ample and learned comment upon the same, wherein all passages criticall, mythological, philosophical and historical, are fully and clearly explained. To which are added some certain pieces relating to the publick, written by the author.; Aeneis. Liber 6. English	Virgil.; Boys, John, 1614?-1661.	1660 (1660)	Wing V619; Thomason E1054_3; ESTC R200370	157,893	251

fame hath sung so loud § 6 The Minotaur was the production of this horrid copulation which the Poet calls here mixtum genus prolemque bif●rmem as being partly a man and partly a Bull. This monster was kept in the Labyrinth and fed with mans flesh but Daedalus being accused and convinced to have been the ingenious Pandor to the Queens lust was with his Sonne Icarus imprisoned in the Labyrinth where he providing for their mutuall preservation with wax and feathers made wings for himself and his beloved Sonne and flying out of the top of the House made his escape Daedalus arrived safe at Cumae but Icarus an emblem of an aspiring mind soaring too high melted the waxen cement of his wings and was drowned neer to the Island of Icaria to which and the circumfluent sea he gave name Daedalus having thus escaped built this Temple consecrating both that and his wings for it was the manner of the Ancients to hang up such things as had been to them either of use or ornament in the Temples of the Gods to Apollo by whose propitious Diety he had been saved Hic pro nubivago gratus pia templa meatu Instituit Phoebo atque audaces exuit alas The Gratefull did for his safe-conduct here To Phoebus a devoted Temple rear And his bold wings put off And this is the story which Virgil premiseth with an ut fama est but the History which gave rise to this Fable is this Taurus which in the Greek signifies a Bull was as Servius sayes Secretary to King Minos but according to Plutarch in the life of Theseus chief Captain or General a goodly proper young Gentleman with whom the enamoured Pasiphaë was said to lie in the house of Daedalus who was privy to the Adultery and because she brought forth twins the one resembling Minos the other Taurus she was feigned to have brought forth that double-shaped Monster called the Mino-taure Daedalus as a Confederate was imprisoned but corrupting his keepers escaped himself in one ship and his Son Icarus in another but the un●appy youth bearing too much sail was was with his ship overset and drowned whilest the more warie Father came safe to his intended Port. Hence because he was the first who invented that kind of sayl which the Greeks call Dolon by which addition of Canvas he out-stript his pursuers he was said to flye Although the English would not so handsomely bear it yet in the Latin the Poet hath ingeniously mingled the Fable of flying with the history of sayling whilst he useth these words of Enare and alarum remigum terms more proper for sayling then flying We will conclude this history with that imitation of it which we find in Sil. Italicus l. 12. a great emulator of Virgil's Muse but the truth is as Pliny the younger saith of him that he wrote majore curâ quam ingenio the verses are these Cum regna teneret Dictei regis sic fama est linquere terras Daedalus invenit nec toto signa sequenti Orbe dare aetherias alienâ tollere in auras Avus se pennas atque homini monstrare volatus Suspensum hic librans media inter nubila corpus Enavit superosque novus conterruit Ales Natum etiam docuit falsae sub imagine plumae Attentare vias volucrum lapsumque solutis Pennarum remis non foelicibus alis Turbida plandentem vidit freta His freedom Daedalus in Creet detain'd By this invention as fame sings obtain'd He that no tracts by his pursuers might On earth be seen through the air took his flight On borrow'd wings He first that Art devis'd And ' midst the clouds his hov'rings body pois'd Made his escape The sight the Gods did scare His Son he also taught through untrac'd air With feigned plumes to move but him alas His wings dissolv'd on Neptunes wrinkled face He flutt'ring saw Daedalus the founder of this Temple had adorned the Gate or Porch with admirable Sculpture representing therein these following stories First the death of Androgeos Sonne of King Minos by Pasiphaë this young Prince was an active and gallant Gentleman and particularly fam'd for his great skill in wrastling an exercise in those times in great request He had foyled herein some of the Athenian Youth who maligning him therefore treacherously surprized and slew him as he was returning home in great pomp and triumph The Athenians for this were not only infested with a sharp warre from the injur'd Father but also as Plutarch relates pursued by the justly angry Gods with plague and famine And now no longer able to oppose themselves to the assaults both of heaven and earth they make their addresse to Apollo at Delphi who advised them to appease Minos and to make an agreement with him till which time they were not to expect a cessation of the divine judgements In fine a peace was treated upon and concluded but upon hard terms as it alwayes is on the conquer'ds part who were by their articles to send every year seven of their sonnes and as many of their Daughters upon whom the lot should fall Captives into Creet there to remain in perpetuall bonds This unnaturall tribute was constantly exacted and duly paid for certain years at last the lot amongst the rest fell upon Theseus the Son of Aegeus King of Athens but he behaved himself so gallantly there at all his exercises especially in his incounters with the valiant Taurus whence sprung the Fable of his slayling the Mino-taure that at last he became not only Conqueror of those who opposed him but also of those who opposed him not for he wan the heart of the fair Ariadne the Kings Daughter by whose help he freed himself and the rest of the captive Children carrying her also away with him Here he also had carved the representation of the Island of Crete with the Labyrinth there built by himself in imitation of that of Aegypt a prodigious piece containing so many windings turnings in it that no man once engaged therein could ever extricate himself unless by the help of a clue of thread But of this in the time of Pliny there remained no foot-steps That which is now shewed to Travellers for the Labyrinth is supposed by Mr. Sandys to be only a Quarrey out of which they digged the stones which built the neighbouring Towns of Gnossus and Gortyna But Virgil as great an Artist as Daedalus himself doth with him break off in the story of Icarus § 7 Whilst Aeneas amused himself with the contemplation of these pleasing objects Sibylla brought thither by Achâtes which we must understand 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Criticks term it there having been no mention made of Achâtes before arrives and whilst some were preparing for the sacrifice leads him with the rest into the Temple which the Poet doth here describe For the illustration whereof set us hear Justin Martyr an eye-witness as we finde him translated by the learned Bishop Montague

Servius observes makes their souls to be grievously punished in Hell whose late possessors had before the expiration of Natures Lease over-hastily turned them out of doores But why Styx is said here novies interfusa nine times incompassed Interpreters vary some say that the Poet alludes here to those sacra novendialia the Ceremonies and Rites observed about the dead whose body was kept eight dayes and interred the ninth others to the nine Regions of Hell above mentioned but De la Cerda and Meyenus conclude with Cael. Rhodigin l. 22. c. 8. that the number of 9. as being a most perfect and absolute number is taken here indefinitely for any number or multitude so that novies here is eqvivalent with multoties § 55 The fourth station is assigned to such as have died or made themselves away for love and here we may observe these following circumstances First that this place hath the name of the fields of Mourning from that grief and melancholy which is the individuall companion of impatient Lovers Secondly that they spend their time in secret close and retired walks as such who being ashamed of their forepassed commissions shun the light and all conversation as Ovid speaks of Nyctimene quae conscia culpae Conspectum lucemque fugit tenebrisque pudorem Celat Ovid Met. l. 2. f. 9. she full of guilt the sight And day did shun and mask'd her shame in night Or because Lovers for the Poet speaks principally of the unchaste out of the nature of this vice commit that sin in secret Thirdly that they converse in myrtle Groves as the Slaves and Satellites of Venus to whom that tree is sacred Fourthly that though dead they retain their former love and affection for this vice we still speak of unlawfull love that is lust sticks most pertinaciously is never or with much difficulty eradicated naturall inclination seconded with evil habits rendring the unchast an irredeemable vassall to his own filthy desires The examples the Poet presents us with here are all of women as the sex the most impatient of love and the most unbridled in their appetite Of these the first is Phaedra Daughter to King Minos and Wife of Theseus King of Athens who by Antiopa the Amazon a former Wife had a Sonne called Hippolitus He as well in his vow and love of Chastity as in that of hunting shewed himself to be a true Votary of Diana the Goddesse of both Phaedra falling in love with her Son in Law courted him to her bed but the more virtuous Youth refusing to stain his Fathers sheets disappointed his lustfull Mother who impatient of the affront as also fearing to be her self betrayed and accused by Hippolytus took the advantage of anticipation and told Theseus that his Sonne would have forced her The over-credulous Father vowing revenge pursues him with curses whom because fled he could no otherwise pursue The Gods who oftentimes yield to unjust Petitions for a punishment to the Petitioner heard his rash vowes and provided a sad and sudden destruction for the Sonne whom the Father had so undeservedly cursed for as Hippolytus took his flight by the sea-side certain sea-monsters called Phocae which lay basking themselves on the shore affrighted at the noise of his chariot and the trampling of his horses thre● themselves with great violence into the sea the horses in like manner affrighted thereat ran away and overturning the Chariot tore the intangled Youth limb from limb which when the conscious Phaedra knew after confession of her own wickedness and false accusation she expiated her crime by becoming her own executioner See Sen in Hipp●l and Ovid. in epist § 56 The second is Procris whose story related at large by Ovid Met. l. 7. we shall contract in this manner Precris was the Daughter of Erectheus King of Athens and Wife of Cephalus who though a true lover of his Wife and a great admirer of her virtues upon I know not what suspicion incident to lovers coming to her in a disguise attempted her chastity she having made a resistance sufficient to testifie her loyalty at last by his over-acted importunity all-conquering presents yields when he discovering himself upbra●ds her with her infidelity Whereupon Procris convinced and ashamed forsakes her Husband and hides her self in woods and desert places but at last peace being made betwixt them she gave him who delighted much in hunting an inevitable dart and a dog exceedingly swift called Lelaps Thus provided Cephalus was much abroad in the woods and rising before day from his Wife went often a hunting wherefore Pr●cris searing that under pretence of going a hunting he quitted her embraces for those of some beloved Nymph followed him privately into the woods and there as a spye hid her self amongst the bushes Cephalus being tired with heat and toyl hapned to retire himself into the shade near the place where Procris lay and there according to his custome called upon Aura i. e. the Air to refresh him she thinking that by that name he called upon his expected Mistress that she might make the better discovery raised her self and by stirring the bushes gave him a suspicion that some wild beast lay there obscured wherefore casting his never-missing dart his unhappy Consorts fatal present he unwittingly slew his dearest Wife A story invented to deterre from jealouse the bane of all conjugall content and from imaginary and groundless suspicions which are oftentimes the cause of real and fatall tragedies Eriphyle was according to Eustathius Daughter of Talaüs wife of Amphiaraüs and Adrastus his Sister who corrupted by Polynîces with a chain of gold betrayed her Husband who absented himself that he might not accompany Adrastus in the Theban expedi●ion where he knew he should certainly perish But Amphiaraüs resenting very highly the perfidiousness of his Wife left it as his last legacies with his Son Alcmaeon that as soon as he should receive the certain news of his death he should slay his Mother which he facto pius sceleratus ●odem in revenge of his Father performed therefore the Poet sayes of her here moestamque Eriphylen Crudelis nati monstrantem vulnera cer●it The nex was Evadne the Daughter of Mars by Thebe the Wife of Asôpus she was Wife to Capaneus one of those Captains who accompanied Adrastus in the Theban Warres who loved her Husband so passionately that when his exequies were solem●ized she cast her self into the same flames which consumed her beloved Consort As for the story of Pasiphaë we have already enlarged upon it § 4. we shall therefore proceed to Laodamîa the most affectionate Consort of the undaunted Protesilaüs who notwithstanding that it was foretold him by the Oracle that whosoever of the Greeks should land first upon Phrygian ground should for his forwardness pay the price of his life first lept on the shore where encountring Hector he was by him slain His Wife receiving the sad news of her Husbands death conceived such

was Consul with Pub. Cornelius Scipio Father to Scipio the Great an urb 535. at the first breaking out of the second Punick warre he lost and was slain at the fatal battel of Trebia The two Sonnes of these viz. Tib. Sempronius Longus and Pub. Cornelius Scipio Africanus were Collegues together an urb 559. As for the Gracchi to which Family we must principally confine our discourse the first we meet with of that name who was of Consular dig●ity was Tib. Sempron Gracchus who was Consul with Publ. Valerius Falco an urb 515. The next was Tib. Sempronius Gracchus haply his Son who was twice Consul first with Quint. Fabius Maximus Verrucossus in the fourth year of the second Punick warre secondly with Quint Fabius Maximus the Sonne of V●rrucossus two years after Tib. Sempronius Gracchus this mans Sonne was Consul with C. Claudius Pulcher an urb 376. Sardinia fell by lot to be his Province wherein he did great service his Consulship expired he remained there as Proconsul in which command he quite reduced that Province to its due obedience See Livie l. 41. He was the second time Consul with M. Juventius Thalva an urb 590. He triumphed twice and was honoured with the Censorship together with C. Claudius Pulcher his Collegue in his first Consulship He was indeed as Paterculus sayes of him vir eminentissimus clarissimus a right eminent and famous person But he did by nothing more ennoble the Sempronian name then by ingrafting it upon a fair stock of the Cornelian Family for he married Cornelia the Daughter of Pub. Scipio that Scipio who subdued Annibal a Lady of most transcendent worth by whom he had a numerous progenie viz. twelve children but three of them only survived Tiberius and Caius his sonnes who made their names as famous by their misdeeds as misfortunes as their Predecessors had done by their noble atchievements and successfull undertakings and Sempronia their Sister who married Scipio Aemilianus the Grandson by adoption to Scipio Africanus and by consequence her own Cousen german the best accomplished Gentleman Rome ever bred of whom more anon Of this Family also was Madam Sempronia who was so deeply concerned in Catilines conspiracie See her character in Salust Tiberius the elder Brother was a man of great parts of an undaunted courage a fluent tongue and a comely personage qualifications of a dangerous consequence if the person so qualified happen to deviate from what is right He was first Quaestor or Treasurer to C. Mancinus in the Numantine War and after his return to Rome was made Tribune of the people in which office whether out of an innate hatred to the Nobility or out of a turbulent and seditious spirit of his own I cannot say he caused a dangerous sedition and made such a schism or rent betwixt the Patricians and the Plebeians as could not without a Civil Warte have been pieced and cemented again had not a sudden and violent death intercepted him And here we may observe with Florus l. 3. c. 13. how that the Tribunician power which was at first intended for the Commons bulwark against the incroachments of the Nobility did its self by degrees degenerate into the greatest exorbitancie and tyranny that could be whilst under that specious and plausible pretence of asserting the peoples liberty those popular Magistrates did drive on their own sinister and ambitious designes and filling all things with faction and sedition disappoint the end for which they were at the first ordained that is did destroy the peoples liberty which they over-eagerly pretended to patronize and slacken the very nerves and sinews of all civil polity by their contentious bandings against the Senate But to proceed Tib. Gracchus partly to despite the Nobility but principally to shake the frame and to subvert the fundamentals of the present power that he might upon the ruines thereof raise the superstructure of his own greatness made it his business to cajole and flatter the people which by virtue of his office he did either by reviving old antiquated Laws or enacting new all which tended to the diminution and weakning of the Patricians either in their private fortunes or in their power and publick employments which pleased the Common people who naturally hate their Betters and fool'd them into a belief that every one of them should come to share the estates and dignities of the ruin'd Nobility little imagining that they were to be used but as brute instruments necessary tools which were to be cast aside when the work was done Wherefore resolved to prosecute the Nobility and haply secretly intending if things hapned right to change the form of government he first preferred the Laws called Agrariae by which he deprived them of their estates and those called Judiciariae by which he clipped the wings of their power By the first it was formerly enacted That all lands belonging to the Commonwealth which were called the publick lands and were the accessions of some new Conquest should at easie rates be rented out to the poorer sort these as Lives were laps'd or as Leases determined the Patricians got into their hands the Commons being by degrees utterly devested of their ancient posse●●ions This caused g●eat discontents and many offers were made in vain by some Tribunes to reform this abuse and to reduce things to their original wont and manner but none proceeded so farre herein as Tib. Gracchus who caused the Law to pass and so it was enacted by the Commons That the publick Lands should be taken from the wealthier and reinvested as formerly in the poor Plebeians And this had the face and shew of equity but it was but a face and shew for Gracchus did it not so much to doe right to the people as to spite the Nobility and to prepare the way for some further and more dangerous designe After this had passed he preferred his Judiciary Laws whereby he took the power of Judicature from the Senate to whom it only belonged and transferred it to the Equites or Gentlemen the intermediate degree betwixt the Patricians and the Plebeians therein s●ill flattering the people who looked upon themselves as honoured and much strengthened herein the power of Judicature being by falling a degree lower come a step nearer to themselves But whilst Graechus was triumphing in his successes in the Capitol where he held his popular conventions the Senators who were reduced to that extremity that they must suffer the seditious Tribune either to ruine them and with them the Commonwealth or make a vigorous attempt to reskue both from imiment danger led by Scipio Nasîca Grandson to that Nasîca who was called vir optimus the best of men and seconded by a good strong party of friends repairing to the Capitol set upon Gracchus and dissipating his party slew him and by his death put a stop to those desperate innovations which he under colourable pretences had in design But they did but put a stop to them for his