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and_o ambition_n furthermore_o apelles_n take_v all_o occasion_n to_o diminish_v the_o credit_n of_o alexander_n with_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o his_o guard_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v it_o in_o his_o power_n likewise_o to_o dispose_v of_o that_o place_n and_o to_o conclude_v all_o in_o a_o word_n bend_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o introduce_v a_o total_a change_n in_o the_o establish_a order_n of_o government_n which_o have_v be_v leave_v by_o antigonus_n though_o that_o prince_n while_o he_o live_v rule_v the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o young_a king_n with_o great_a wisdom_n and_o at_o his_o death_n provide_v as_o wise_o for_o every_o thing_n for_o in_o his_o will_n he_o leave_v his_o reason_n to_o the_o macedonian_n of_o the_o whole_a method_n of_o his_o conduct_n and_o lay_v down_o rule_n and_o prescription_n for_o their_o future_a government_n appoint_v to_o who_o the_o administration_n
constrain_v to_o level_v and_o open_v his_o retrenchment_n before_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o order_v all_o his_o troop_n to_o march_v out_o in_o front_n and_o the_o trumpet_n sound_v to_o the_o charge_n on_o both_o side_n he_o order_v his_o light_n arm_v soldier_n to_o retire_v and_o now_o the_o phalanx_n on_o either_o side_n move_v to_o the_o encounter_n with_o their_o pike_n charge_v and_o one_o while_o the_o macedonian_n seem_v inferior_a in_o courage_n to_o the_o lacedemoniaus_fw-la and_o appear_v dispose_v to_o fly_v then_o again_o the_o lacedaemonian_n seem_v too_o weak_a to_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n and_o be_v give_v ground_n in_o conclusion_n antigonus_n now_o advance_v against_o they_o with_o a_o impetuosity_n peculiar_a to_o the_o double_a phalanx_n force_v the_o lacedaemonian_n at_o length_n off_o their_o ground_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n either_o fall_v in_o battle_n or_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o cleomines_fw-la with_o a_o small_a party_n of_o horse_n escape_v unhurt_a to_o sparta_n from_o whence_o he_o depart_v the_o night_n follow_v to_o gythia_n where_o he_o embark_v on_o certain_a vessel_n prepare_v for_o such_o a_o incident_a and_o sail_v to_o alexindria_n accompany_v with_o some_o few_o only_a of_o his_o intimate_a friend_n afterward_o antigonus_n make_v his_o entry_n into_o sparta_n without_o resistance_n where_o he_o treat_v the_o lacedaemonian_n with_o all_o possible_a humanity_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v re-establish_v their_o ancient_a form_n of_o government_n he_o march_v away_o with_o his_o army_n have_v receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o illyrian_n have_v invade_v macedonia_n and_o make_v great_a spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n thus_o it_o be_v true_a that_o fortune_n be_v please_v sometime_o to_o permit_v action_n of_o high_a consequence_n to_o move_v and_o determine_v on_o the_o slender_a accident_n and_o occasion_n least_o expect_v for_o if_o cleomenes_n have_v respite_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n but_o a_o few_o day_n only_o or_o when_o he_o have_v retire_v to_o the_o city_n after_o the_o fight_n have_v he_o but_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n and_o temporise_v never_o so_o little_a he_o most_o certain_o have_v preserve_v his_o dominion_n in_o short_a antigonus_z take_v his_o way_n by_o tegea_n and_o after_o he_o have_v restore_v that_o republic_n he_o come_v two_o day_n after_o to_o argos_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o namoean_a game_n where_o he_o obtain_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o every_o city_n all_o those_o honour_n that_o be_v do_v to_o great_a man_n to_o render_v their_o fame_n immortal_a from_o thence_o he_o proceed_v by_o long_a journey_n to_o macedon_n where_o encounter_v with_o the_o illyrian_n who_o be_v waste_v the_o country_n he_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o win_v a_o victory_n but_o in_o that_o occasion_n strain_v his_o voice_n to_o animate_v his_o people_n he_o break_v some_o vein_n in_o his_o lung_n whereby_o void_a blood_n at_o his_o mouth_n he_o fall_v into_o a_o languor_n and_o evil_a habit_n of_o health_n which_o soon_o after_o take_v he_o out_o of_o the_o world_n this_o prince_n have_v marvellous_o gain_v on_o the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o people_n of_o greece_n not_o only_o by_o his_o perfect_a skill_n in_o military_a matter_n but_o more_o particular_o for_o his_o probity_n and_o the_o exact_a discipline_n he_o always_o observe_v his_o death_n leave_v philip_n son_n of_o demetrius_n to_o enjoy_v his_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o macedon_n and_o now_o if_o it_o be_v ask_v why_o we_o have_v remain_v thus_o long_o on_o the_o history_n of_o the_o cleomenic_a war_n i_o answer_v because_o it_o occur_v in_o a_o period_n of_o time_n that_o confine_n on_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o affair_n and_o adventure_n that_o be_v to_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o our_o history_n and_o we_o conceive_v it_o be_v not_o useful_a only_o but_o necessary_a to_o set_v down_o the_o then_o state_n of_o macedonia_n and_o the_o greek_a affair_n especial_o since_o we_o have_v resolve_v to_o perform_v punctual_o what_o we_o have_v promise_v about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v ptolemy_n to_o who_o succeed_v that_o other_o ptolemy_n surname_v philopater_n seleucus_n who_o be_v surname_v pogon_n son_n to_o seleucus_n and_o grandson_n to_o calinychus_n die_v likewise_o near_o that_o time_n who_o successor_n in_o the_o government_n of_o syria_n be_v his_o brother_n antiochus_n thus_o die_v those_o who_o succeed_v alexander_n namely_o seleucus_n ptolemy_n and_o lysimachus_n all_o within_o the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o olympiad_n as_o do_v the_o other_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o nine_o have_v now_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o our_o work_n and_o make_v it_o visible_a in_o what_o time_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o roman_n take_v assurance_n to_o extend_v their_o empire_n beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o italy_n after_o they_o have_v complete_v their_o conquest_n in_o that_o country_n and_o have_v make_v their_o first_o essay_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n after_o have_v likewise_o speak_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o greek_n the_o macedonian_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o give_v a_o summary_n of_o the_o state_n of_o these_o government_n in_o those_o time_n we_o be_v arrive_v i_o think_v at_o a_o proper_a place_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o our_o second_o book_n which_o we_o conclude_v with_o the_o war_n we_o have_v treat_v and_o with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o actor_n and_o according_a as_o we_o have_v lay_v our_o design_n we_o be_v come_v at_o length_n to_o that_o period_n of_o time_n wherein_o the_o greek_n deliberate_v about_o the_o war_n of_o the_o confederate_n the_o roman_n touch_v the_o second_o punic_a war_n and_o the_o king_n of_o asia_n about_o that_o which_o be_v wage_v for_o the_o dominion_n of_o syria_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n polybius_n general_a history_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o world_n vol._n i._o book_n iii_o we_o promise_v in_o our_o first_o book_n to_o begin_v our_o history_n at_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n the_o war_n of_o the_o confederate_n and_o that_o which_o be_v wage_v for_o the_o dominion_n of_o syria_n we_o have_v likewise_o deliver_v our_o reason_n why_o in_o our_o two_o precede_a book_n we_o deduce_v and_o bring_v down_o our_o story_n from_o so_o remote_a time_n now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o war_n themselves_o and_o the_o cause_n that_o beget_v and_o prolong_v they_o and_o that_o render_v they_o so_o terrible_a but_o first_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o we_o preface_n something_o far_a touch_v our_o purpose_n for_o since_o what_o we_o have_v determine_v to_o deliver_v be_v propose_v to_o centre_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o end_n be_v to_o be_v but_o one_o entire_a work_n and_o as_o one_o may_v say_v one_o spectacle_n or_o representation_n where_o will_v be_v see_v how_o when_o and_o by_o what_o mean_n all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o world_n become_v reduce_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n we_o have_v therefore_o conclude_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o our_o method_n to_o give_v a_o previous_a draught_n as_o it_o be_v in_o little_a of_o what_o occur_v of_o importance_n during_o so_o many_o and_o great_a war_n conceive_v the_o reader_n will_v be_v thereby_o more_o enlighten_v and_o better_o instruct_v in_o our_o main_a design_n for_o as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o whole_a can_v but_o yield_v some_o conception_n of_o the_o part_n and_o that_o to_o be_v right_o inform_v of_o the_o part_n must_v necessary_o enable_v we_o to_o judge_v better_o of_o the_o whole_a we_o shall_v therefore_o pursue_v this_o course_n which_o we_o have_v judge_v the_o most_o proper_a for_o instruction_n in_o open_v what_o may_v else_o seem_v obscure_a and_o shall_v produce_v a_o table_n as_o it_o be_v or_o index_n of_o our_o whole_a history_n where_o will_v be_v review_v what_o we_o have_v relate_v we_o have_v indeed_o already_o give_v a_o kind_n of_o summary_n of_o our_o entire_a work_n and_o have_v prescribe_v its_o bound_n but_o for_o the_o particular_a occurrence_n as_o the_o war_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o make_v recital_n will_v be_v the_o beginning_n so_o we_o shall_v prescribe_v its_o period_n with_o the_o desolation_n and_o extinction_n of_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o macedon_n in_o brief_a it_o will_v be_v the_o adventure_n only_o of_o three_o and_o fifty_o year_n in_o which_o space_n will_v be_v sound_a occurrence_n so_o numerous_a and_o extraordinary_a that_o no_o age_n within_o the_o same_o compass_n of_o time_n have_v show_v the_o like_a our_o beginning_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n and_o the_o order_n we_o purpose_v to_o observe_v will_v be_v as_o follow_v when_o we_o have_v open_v the_o reason_n that_o
change_v from_o what_o they_o be_v that_o both_o in_o clothes_n and_o countenance_n they_o appear_v more_o like_a savage_n than_o soldier_n wherefore_o his_o first_o and_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o restore_v health_n and_o strength_n to_o their_o body_n and_o vigour_n to_o their_o mind_n and_o to_o recruit_v and_o strengthen_v his_o horse_n when_o his_o army_n be_v refresh_v his_o next_o business_n be_v to_o endeavour_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o taurinians_n who_o inhabit_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v war_n with_o the_o insubrian_o but_o they_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o trust_v the_o carthaginian_n wherefore_o after_o have_v long_o solicit_v they_o to_o friendship_n in_o vain_a he_o sit_v down_o before_o their_o capital_a town_n which_o in_o three_o day_n he_o take_v and_o all_o that_o make_v resistance_n he_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o strike_v the_o neighbour_a barbarian_n with_o such_o terror_n that_o they_o come_v all_o afterward_o in_o to_o he_o as_o one_o man_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o his_o discretion_n these_o indeed_o be_v constrain_v but_o the_o other_o gaul_n who_o possess_v the_o country_n about_o the_o po_n cheerful_o take_v part_n with_o hannibal_n as_o be_v late_o observe_v but_o in_o regard_n now_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v advance_v so_o near_o they_o adventure_v not_o present_o to_o show_v their_o goodwill_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o whereupon_o hannibal_n think_v it_o the_o wise_a way_n not_o to_o defer_v long_o but_o to_o take_v his_o march_n into_o their_o country_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o some_o notable_a action_n he_o may_v establish_v the_o courage_n and_o renew_v the_o hope_n of_o those_o who_o be_v dispose_v to_o engage_v with_o he_o during_o these_o motion_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v pass_v the_o po_n with_o all_o the_o legion_n and_o be_v not_o now_o far_o off_o but_o this_o news_n he_o do_v not_o present_o believe_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o know_v he_o have_v leave_v scipio_n about_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o that_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n from_o marseilles_n to_o tuscany_n be_v tedious_a and_o difficult_a furthermore_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o march_n from_o tuscany_n to_o the_o alps_n be_v not_o only_o long_a but_o hardly_o to_o be_v surmount_v by_o a_o army_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fresh_a advice_n come_v daily_o to_o he_o of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o he_o become_v great_o surprise_v at_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n who_o be_v no_o less_o astonish_v at_o the_o expedition_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a for_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o hannibal_n will_v not_o have_v attempt_v to_o adventure_v over_o the_o alps_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o so_o many_o divers_a nation_n or_o that_o if_o he_o be_v so_o hardy_a he_o must_v have_v miserable_o perish_v by_o the_o way_n but_o when_o he_o become_v assure_v that_o they_o be_v get_v over_o those_o difficulty_n and_o be_v now_o in_o italy_n and_o far_o that_o they_o have_v already_o besiege_v and_o take_v town_n he_o admire_v the_o intrepid_a boldness_n of_o their_o leader_n who_o attempt_n have_v exceed_v the_o power_n of_o imagination_n itself_o this_o news_n be_v likewise_o hear_v at_o rome_n with_o terror_n enough_o where_o after_o they_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o take_n of_o saguntum_n by_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o while_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v deliberate_v to_o send_v one_o of_o their_o consul_n into_o africa_n to_o attack_v carthage_n and_o the_o other_o into_o spain_n to_o make_v war_n on_o hannibal_n they_o receive_v notice_n that_o hannibal_n himself_o be_v in_o italy_n besiege_v of_o to_n this_o be_v so_o surprise_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o dread_n thereof_o make_v they_o send_v a_o express_a to_o tiberius_n now_o at_o lilybaeum_n to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o enjoin_v he_o to_o postpone_v all_o other_o affair_n whatsoever_o and_o repair_v with_o all_o the_o expedition_n he_o can_v to_o the_o rescue_n of_o his_o country_n whereupon_o tiberius_n assemble_v his_o maritime_a force_n and_o embark_v forthwith_o for_o rome_n leave_v his_o order_n with_o the_o respective_a tribune_n to_o draw_v together_o what_o troop_n they_o can_v out_o of_o their_o several_a garrison_n and_o set_v they_o a_o day_n to_o rendezvous_n at_o rimini_n a_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o plain_n that_o be_v water_v by_o the_o river_n po_n towards_o the_o south_n so_o that_o great_a trouble_n and_o tumult_n be_v spread_v all_o over_o the_o country_n which_o be_v alarm_v on_o all_o quarter_n with_o evil_a tiding_n the_o roman_n be_v in_o great_a suspense_n about_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o war._n and_o now_o hannibal_n and_o scipio_n draw_v near_o each_o other_o and_o mutual_o animate_v their_o soldier_n speak_v to_o they_o in_o such_o term_n as_o the_o time_n and_o the_o occasion_n require_v hannibal_n incite_v his_o troop_n after_o this_o or_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o army_n which_o he_o have_v assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n certain_a young_a man_n who_o be_v prisoner_n of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v take_v vex_v and_o plunder_v the_o army_n in_o their_o march_n over_o the_o alps_n who_o he_o have_v therefore_o keep_v in_o very_o hard_a durance_n in_o short_a they_o appear_v load_v with_o iron_n starve_v almost_o to_o death_n bear_v on_o their_o naked_a body_n the_o mark_n of_o the_o ill_a treatment_n they_o have_v suffer_v in_o this_o state_n these_o wretch_n be_v present_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o army_n where_o arm_n be_v bring_v and_o lay_v before_o they_o such_o as_o be_v use_v among_o the_o gaul_n and_o not_o unlike_o those_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o nation_n make_v use_v of_o in_o their_o single_a combat_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v produce_v horse_n and_o rich_a habit_n and_o furniture_n then_o it_o be_v demand_v if_o any_o among_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o engage_v and_o fight_v one_o with_o the_o other_o to_o the_o death_n on_o condition_n the_o vanquisher_n shall_v have_v the_o prize_n and_o the_o reward_n there_o propose_v while_o the_o vanquish_a thereby_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o misfortune_n by_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n on_o the_o place_n which_o proposition_n they_o all_o unanimous_o cry_v out_o they_o be_v most_o willing_a to_o accept_v whereupon_o hannibal_n order_v a_o certain_a number_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o lot_n to_o enter_v the_o list_n two_o and_o two_o each_o implore_v fortune_n favour_n those_o to_o who_o the_o lot_n â—ell_o manifest_v great_a joy_n while_o the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a exceed_v grief_n so_o they_o fight_v it_o out_o while_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prisoner_n look_v on_o the_o vanquish_a as_o hardly_o less_o fortunate_a than_o the_o victor_n have_v by_o their_o death_n put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o misery_n they_o endure_v nor_o have_v the_o carthaginian_n themselves_o other_o sentiment_n who_o compare_v the_o life_n of_o those_o that_o survive_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o those_o they_o see_v slay_v their_o pity_n seem_v to_o incline_v to_o the_o surviver_n conceive_v the_o dead_a to_o be_v of_o the_o two_o the_o least_o unfortunate_a after_o hannibal_n have_v entertain_v his_o army_n with_o this_o spectacle_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o his_o purpose_n in_o so_o treat_v those_o prisoner_n be_v to_o instruct_v they_o by_o a_o example_n of_o the_o calamity_n of_o other_o in_o the_o contingence_n of_o human_a life_n and_o to_o the_o end_n to_o mind_v they_o of_o the_o state_n and_o circumstance_n wherein_o they_o now_o be_v for_o that_o in_o a_o word_n fortune_n have_v now_o put_v they_o under_o the_o very_a same_o choice_n and_o hold_v out_o the_o same_o prize_n and_o reward_n that_o they_o be_v tie_v up_o to_o the_o same_o necessity_n of_o vanquish_a die_a or_o be_v make_v captive_n to_o their_o enemy_n that_o if_o they_o obtain_v victory_n not_o fine_a horse_n only_o magnificent_o furnish_v will_v be_v their_o lot_n but_z by_o subdue_a the_o roman_n they_o will_v be_v the_o rich_a and_o happy_a of_o all_o that_o ever_o have_v bear_v arm_n that_o if_o they_o chance_v to_o die_v do_v their_o duty_n brave_o such_o a_o death_n be_v a_o dignity_n full_a of_o glory_n and_o renown_n a_o death_n without_o pain_n or_o fear_n and_o purchase_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o great_a good_a that_o can_v happen_v to_o mankind_n but_o shall_v they_o chance_v to_o be_v vanquish_v and_o that_o the_o fear_n of_o death_n or_o danger_n shall_v betray_v they_o to_o a_o base_a flight_n or_o if_o they_o have_v entertain_v any_o thought_n otherwise_o to_o be_v safe_a
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