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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50375	An epitomy of English history wherein arbitrary government is display'd to the life, in the illegal transactions of the late times under the tyrannick usurpation of Oliver Cromwell; being a paralell to the four years reign of the late King James, whose government was popery, slavery, and arbitrary power, but now happily delivered by the instrumental means of King William & Queen Mary. Illustrated with copper plates. By Tho. May Esq; a late Member of Parliament.; Arbitrary government displayed to the life.	May, Thomas, ca. 1645-1718.	1690 (1690)	Wing M1416E; ESTC R202900	143,325	210

Speech shewing them some reasons for the necessity of their being dissolved he peremptorily declared them to be dissolved But the Speaker refusing to leave the Chair Cromwell began to huff and fall into a passion telling them they were a company of drunkards whoremasters Hipocrites Knaves and Oppressors and commanded that the Bauble the Mace should be took from them and no more carried before them and Harrison taking the Speaker by the Arm lifted him out of his Chair and having thus turned them out of doors he lock'd them up and set a Guard of Soldiers at them and at all the Avenues that they might not meet again in that place and thus exeunt Tyranni one Devil driving out another to make way at last for their Lawful Prince This done Cromwell returning to his Council of Officers told them of his Exploit and let them know that now they must go hand in hand with them and justifie it by their lives and fortunes they having advised him to it He told them that when he went to the House he did not think to do it but perceiving the Spirit of God so strongly upon him he would no longer consult Flesh and Blood for the Parliament intended to have perpetuated themselves This Action of his tho arbitrary illegal and tyrannical was generally applauded by all sorts of people these Rumpers were grown so very odious by their tyrannick Usurpation And the King's Friends both at home and abroad were not a little joyful to see this Turn and to behold them dethroned and trampled on even in the midst of their Laurels obtained for their Victories over the Dutch Grievous Muttering they kept for this violence done to them by their Servant as they stiled him thinking it none when he did the like to those secluded Members that would not vote with them against the King but as mad as they were they saw no help for it and it was not possible for them to get together tho they would not own themselves dissolved and thus our usurping Junto went out like a Snuff with a Stink smelling very unsavourly in the Nostrils of the whole Nation Thus far have I traced out to you the Lines of the Image of Arbitrary and Tyrannick Usurpation and how ugly and grim a Representation it is you who have seen it truly delineated may judge You have seen this Titular Parliament unjustly seize upon the Government by murthering their King and against all Laws thrust out two of the States of the Land the Lords Spiritual first and then the Lords temporal and having now grasp'd the Government with rapacious hands with the like Injustice and Arbitrariness turn the greater part of their own Members out of Doors and rule by a few bloody and tyrannical Usurpers You have likewise seen after what manner they have swayed the three Nations by their own Arbitrary Wills and Pleasures as so many lawless Tyrants upholding an Army only to cut the Peoples Throats and to over-awe them burthening them with Taxes and oppressing them with a standing Army and free Quarter taking away their lives by an Arbitrary Court of Justice contrary to the known Laws of the Land and robbing and spoiling all men of their Estates that opposed them filling the Jayls thorowout the three Kingdoms with Prisoners The Liberties of the Subject overthrown Magna Charta and all the Laws and Ancient Constitutions of Parliaments trodden under foot and disregarded so as no man could call any thing his own And in fine all the People of England made Slaves by these the Keepers of their Liberties so that it was no wonder that there was a general rejoycing at their fall tho as yet it was but out of the Frying-pan into the Fire having exchanged two hundred Tyrants for one as Lawless Boundless and Arbitrary as they or a Rump for an Oliver I should now proceed to give a further Display of this Arbitrary and Tyrannical Government under the Usurpation of Oliver Cromwell who had pull'd these down only to set up himself but before I enter upon it I think it will not be ungrateful to the Reader and not impertinent to my Design to shew you what a sort of men these were who had thus long usurped by a brief Character of some of the chiefest of them and what benefit they made of their pretended Godliness giving one another Estates out of the Kings Queens Bishops Deans and Chapters and Delinquents Lands And I will begin with Oliver Cromwell the Lucifer of the rest who out-witted them all and ruled by himself with greater Power and more absolute Sway than ever any Monarch of England did He was very well descended of a Knightly Family in the County of Huntington being born in S. John's Parish in the Town of Huntington the twenty fifth of April 1599 being the Son of Mr. Robert Cromwell who was the third Son of Sir Henry Cromwell a Gentleman of great worth honored and beloved in Court and Country whose eldest Son Sir Oliver Cromwell a Gentleman well known for his Loyalty and Uncle to this our Oliver was his God-father and gave him his Name His Mother was th●● Daughter of Sir Richard Steward of Ely They therefore were much mistaken who said he was the Son of a Brewer tho indeed his Mother even in his Father's Life-time did manage a Brew-House by their Servants and after her Husbands death continued the same as an honest means of Livelyhood the Patrimony of a younger Brother being but small He was observed in his Youth to be ambitious willful and head-strong which improved with his years and always and upon all occasions exercised the Impostor under the mask of Hypocrisie However he was bred at School where he got some smattering in the Rudiments of Learning but was so violent and head-strong and so very prone to robbing Orchards and Dove-Houses that he grew the terror of the Country and past his Tutor's Correction It was about that time he dream'd he should be King of England if it were not more than a Dream a suggestion of some evil Spirit for he would often confidently report it in his Youth tho rebuked by his Father for it and flash'd by his Master Dr. Bernard for his constant avouching it And acting in a Play in the School going beyond his Cue he took a Crown and put it on his own Head and as if inspired spake some big words with great authority Thence he was translated to Cambridge where he was more noted for Foot-ball Cudgelling and Wrestling than for his Studies to which he little gave his mind and after his Father's death left the University and returning home fell to all manner of Licentiousness and Debauchery and grew so distastful to his Mother and Neighbourhood that she sent him away to London and enters him into Lincolns-Inn intending to make him a Lawyer but finding this place not agreeable to his humor he stayed not long before he returned back into the Country where he fell to his

3 d. July 1649. his Arrears amounting to 25000 l. order'd him and 1000 l. per annum Land to be setled upon him and his Heirs To Collonel Feilder 1300 l. To Scobel their Clark once a poor Clark in Chancery and wrot for 2 d. a sheet a Pension of 500 l. a year and an Employment in the sale of publi●k Lands worth 1000 l. a year and 6 s. 8 d Fee for every Order taken forth More given to Bradshaw Somerhill belonging to the Earl of St. Alben's To the Lord Brohill 2000 l. I am afraid I have tyred my Reader in going about to enumerate the many Gifts they order'd one to another but tho I might name much more this may suffice to shew what this Parliament did with the Kingdoms monies to gratifie one another and to share the prey among themselves of the Kingdom who groaned under Taxes and of the Kings Queens Princes and Bishops Lands of Malignants Estates Composition Excise c. The like never was read in History and therefore you may not wonder that these men should be so unwilling to leave their Seats and disband but to sit to advantage themselves if they could By what you have read it plainly appears also what sort of men they were most of them or very many of them of the scum of the people upstarts of mechanical breeding sordid covetous Wretches Hypocrites pretending Religion and making Godliness their gain I have done with them and shall name but one or two more Dr. Dorislaus who was Kill'd in Holland had been formerly a poor School-Master in Holland whence he came to Oxford and read the History-Lecture there in which he then decry'd Monarchy was complained of and forgiven by the King's Benignity He then became Judge-Advocate in the King's Army against the Scots and had the like Employ afterwards against the King under Essex and then under Fairfax gaining well in his employment and by that of drawing up the bloody Charge against the King for which some Cavaliers some say Irish others Scotch-men in revenge of Hamilton's Death kill'd him His Wife and Children had allowances by the Parliament but I cannot here forbear to mention Haselrig's bloody proposition upon his Death who moved That six Gentlemen of the best quality Royalists might be put to Death in Revenge of Dorislaus to deter men from the like attempt hereafter This was a Rumper's Justice and may serve for his Character a blind Zealot furious hot-headed rash unjust and an hypocrite a great Commonwealths-man and an Enemy to Oliver Harison was a Fifth Monarchy-man a great Speaker after his Canting way acted with Cromwell till he saw he set up himself instead of King Jesus and his Saints such as himself then a stiff Opposer of Monarchy and would again have brought in Anarchy and Confusion a man of no extraordinary Parts but resolute and turbulent ever heading a faction and dyed impenitent adhering to his wicked Principles Lambert was a good Soldier had a great designing head Ambitious but outwitted by Cromwell of great Power in the Army and beloved by the factious Sectaries some have thought he was then a Papist for he prov'd one since and carried on the Jesuits designs Fleetwood was a person of a pretended great Devotion but of a secret and violent Ambition and it was thought glad of Richard's fall hoping to succeed but fool'd by Lambert as well as formerly by Cromwell and though General had not the resolution of a man in his place and therefore called the meek Knight Jones was a flattering Sycophant Desborow a sordid Clown Pride an upstart Dray-man Hewson a Valiant Cobler Whaly a Merchant Sir Henry Mildmay an unworthy Turncoat and Rebel The rest much of the same stamp They had their Clergy too of the same Cloth as the Post-Priest Vavasor Powel the Fool Cradock The Incendiary John Goodwin Love Jenkins of both sorts Presbyterians and Independents who served their turns to trumpet forth Sedition to the People and to extoll their Acts for which they shared in the prey But above all the rest was the notorious and blasphemous wretch Pander and Buffoon Hugh Peters and because he was Chaplain in Ordinary to two great Potentates Lucifer and Oliver Cromwell I care not if I give you a little larger account of the man His Father was a Minister of the Church of England living near Foy in Cornwales where his Son Hugh was born and bred up by him at School instructed well in the Principles of the Protestant Religion sent thence to Cambridge and admitted into Jesus College but was soon Expelled the University for his lacivious life He gets to London and there turns Player in Shakespear's Company usually acting the Jester or Fool but weary of that by means of a Gentleman he became acquainted with he got a Free-School with the Stipend of 24 l. a year at the Gentleman's dispose in Essex After some time this Pedant growing familiarly acquainted with a Gentlewoman near who liked his Drolling discourse and used to entertain him being one that had an Estate he so ordered his business that he one night surprised her in Bed and getting in to her had a Comrade that came and surprised them before the strugling Gentlewoman could get forth of his Arms who saluting them Man and Wife caused the trepanned Woman to avoid the shame to consent to marry him After this he takes Holy Orders and was by Doctor Mountaine Bishop of London Ordained Priest and Deacon giving the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy to him which he took And now beginning to Preach he grows popular and was much applauded among the females whom he ever sought to please so that he got to be Lecturer of St. Sepulchres in London and continued there near Twenty years Here he turns Independent and his Wife being dead he lead so beastly and scandalous life that being detected and prosecuted at Law for many Misdemeanors he flyes over to Amsterdam where continuing the like pranks he goes at last to New-England where he Marries another Wife but that not keeping him Chast he began to grow odious amongst the Brethren and the Wars then breaking forth in England he returns and is entertained as a rideing Parson in the Army and at last becomes the Parliaments great Zany Preaching for the Cause and jugling the Women out of their Thimbles and Bodkins by which means he became Oliver's great Privado and with Ireton was admitted of the Cabal in contriving his late Majestie 's Death for which and his other good Services being a Col. under Oliver in his Irish Expedition he had given him 300 l. per annum out of the Lord Worcester's Lands in the Woulds in Worcester-shire and as they say the King's Library at St. James's and was Chaplain in Pay to fix Regiments But at last had a more deserved Reward an Halter being taken in Southwark was at last Executed for his Treasons and dyed like a Sot I shall conclude with him and now proceed to the second

four hundred English thirty Scotch and thirty Irish The summons for the Parliament to pass under the Great Seal to the Sheriffs of the Counties and Elections to be made more equally than formerly If the Protector deny to issue out Writs at the time appointed then the Commissioners of the Great Seal to doe it without him under the pain of High Treason No Royalist Irish Rebel or Papist to be elected and if they were they were to forfeit two years Revenue and three parts of their Goods None to be elected but such as feared God and none were capable to elect that were not worth two hundred pound A Revenue to be raised for the constant maintenance of ten thousand Horse and fifteen thousand Foot and the Navy not to be lessened All forfeited Lands unsold to belong to the Protector All Places of Trust to be in his disposal All Laws in favour of Episcopacy and Popery to be abrogated and besides them a tolleration to be granted And presently upon this he puts forth a Proclamation declaring the dissolution of the Parliament and his being made Lord Protector of the three Nations commanding and strictly charging all Persons of what quality or condition soever and to take notice thereof and to conform and submit themselves to the Government so established And that all Sheriffs Mayors Bayliffs c. are required to publish this Proclamation to the end none may have cause to pretend ignorance in this behalf Now he begins to shew his Authority The Presbyterians were rather tollerated than countenanced yet some few of them that would comply and fawne on his Greatness he shew'd some favour to though he boasted he had brought under the Pride and Arrogancy of that Sect The Independents and Anabaptists were more in his favour being then of most command in the Army and most ready to support his Usurpation yet the Fifth-monarchy Men who had helpt to raise him he could not endure and therefore he imprisoned Feak and Rogers in Windsor Castle where he kept them for a long while Then he set Feak's Party and Kiffins the Anabaptist one in his favour together by the ears and raised equal divisions between the Presbyterians and the independents as a ballance the better to secure himself These Tryumphs of Oliver so disgusted Harison that he turn'd Preacher or Railer openly against him and his Government All the old Commonwealths Men were discountenanced as Vain Hazelrig Bradshaw Scot and others so that he was at this time to strengthen himself with the Sectaries whom he courted His first Council were Colonel Mountague Lambert Viscount Lisle Desborow made one of the Generals at Sea Sir Gilbert Pickering Sir Anthony Ashly Cooper Sir Ch. Woolsley Major General Skippon Strickland Sydenham Philip Jones Rous the late Speaker Colonel Lawrence and Rich. Major The first thing this Protector did was that he clapt up a sudden and dishonourable Peace with the Dutch who were brought so low that it was thought they could never have been able to have set out another Fleet though they had made Opdam Admiral in the place of Van Trump and therefore they send over Newport Youngstal Bevering and Vander Perre Ambassadors to his Highness with whom he made peace they owning the Right that the English had of the Sovereignty of these Seas and acknowledging it by striking their Flag the restitution of the English Ships taken by the Danes and some compensation for the charges of the War Thus he prospers Spain Portugal and France courting him by their Ambassadors His Son Henry he sends into Ireland with Fleetwood Lieutenant and some time after made him Lieutenant of that Kingdom where he lived in great splendor Lieutenant General Monk he sends into Scotland to preserve that Nation in obedience Whitlock he sends Ambassador to Sweden who concluded a League with that Queen Then Maynard Twisden Nudigate and Windham were made Serjeants A private Article also in the Dutch Peace was that the Prince of Orange should never be restored to his Dignities Offices and Charge his Ancestors had enjoy'd On the eighth of February being Ashwednesday of all dayes of the year the Protector is feasted in great state by the Lord Mayor at Grocers Hall the Streets being railed from Temple Bar thither the Liveries and Gownmen and several Companies standing waiting on him Alderman Viner being Lord Mayor who bore the Sword bare-headed before him At his return about Saint Clements Church a Brickbat was flung at him which light upon his Coach but did no hurt except affrighting him Search was made after him who did it but he could not be found And now as usually Tyrants doe he began to entertain fears and jealousies of all persons especially the Royal Party and therefore to affright them and secure himself he will coment his Throne with their blood And by cunning trepanning Agents he had formed a Plot against his Life and several persons were laid hold on and accused for a design of murthering him This was one of the Machivilean Policies of him and his Secretary Thurlo by whose means he drew in several Gentlemen as if they were to have assassinated him though no such thing was really intended they disavowing it at their deaths One of which was Colonel John Gerard brother to Sir Gilbert Gerard who was also imprisoned in the Tower about it and his Brother Mr. Charles Gerard a very young man one Mr. Vowel a School-master and one Fox These men being taken and examined about it much adoe was made and some were suborned to swear against them but Cromwell contrary to the Oath in his Instrument durst not try them by a legal way but set up the Arbitrary Court of Justice which the Junto had been condemned for of this Court Lisle was made president a man fit for the work for die some of them must out of a politick Terror Mr. Charles Gerard upon promise of life confesses the fact out of fear and accuses his Brother and Fox doth the like who are both pardoned but Colon. John Gerard and Mr. Vowel were condemned and a blind man brought in evidence against Mr. Vowel being only words casually in discourse concerning the coming in of the King which they had so aggravated and perverted that at the tryal upon their recital the blind man utterly denied them to be his which gave a great trouble to the Court till at last though the innocency of the Prisoner appeared and the juggle amongst them Lisle told them that the blind man had been tamper'd with and that though he now denied his evidence yet his former examinations should stand and so according to this most excellent Arbitrary Law against the mind of the Witness the Court proceeded to sentence and Vowel was condemned and hanged at Chairing-Cross much pitied and lamented and a Ladder not being able to be procured they were forced to mount him on a Joynt-stool and hang him after that fashion where he dyed with much innocency and resolution on the 10

th of July 1654. And on the same day Col. Gerard was beheaded on Tower-hill presently after Emanuel Say the Portugal Ambassadors brother put to death for killing one in a fray in the New-Exchange this Col. Gerard being the chief man that opposed the said Ambassadors brother at that time with the hazard of his life yet both came to suffer in one day upon one Scaffold for different Crimes For this Colonel suffered onely for the Crime of Loyalty and was sacrifised to Oliver's Fear and Policy He dyed with great bravery courage and undauntedness This was Cromwell's first bloudy remarke and like an Usurper who must maintain his illegal greatness by illegal Arts. But dominion founded in innocent bloud cannot long stand before the Avenger for bloud visits it in his wrathfull Justice About this time he takes care there shall be a faithfull ministry to his interest he means therefore he sets up a Company of Tryers the chief of which were Nye Goodwin Hugh Peters Manton and others named as Commissioners These make a Reformation among the Ministry for humane Learning was rather a Crime than an help to any for the question was had they Grace in their hearts Many good Livings were disburthened of their Pastours and others of more Grace and less Knowledge put in I heard of one who had been Hebrew and Chaldee Reader in Oxford and knowing in all the Eastern Tongues put out of a good living for insufficiency He had it seems not Grace equal to his Learning or his Living had more Grace than he But such as agreed with Nol's Principles and were ready to maintain his Government to be jure divino were put into the best Livings throughout England and the favourers of the Church of England though they had conformed every where thrust forth In Ireland all was subdued and he sent Cook over as a Judg who with a kind of Itinerant Court of Justice hung up many of the Irish Rebels at Dublin Waterford Kilkenny and in Vlster and those that escaped of the Irish were confined to the Province of Conaught and the rest banished But in Scotland at the mediation of Argile whom he had tyed to his Interest and by whose power he held a great part of the Highlands in subjection the Presbyterians were allowed their Religion and had their own Kirk Government and the power of Excommunication but the rigor of it was taken off for such as were excommunicated were not onely forbid the Communion but they had all their Estates confiscated to the Church which was not allowed them nor the meeting of their general Assembly Cromwell was jealous of Lambert and of the Love he had among the Sectaries of the Army so that as yet he was forced to caress him and to delude him with vain hopes of succeeding him in the Protectorate and therefore made him Commander in chief of the Army next himself with the allowance of 10 l. a day Abroad he confederates with most of the Potentates and upon his making a Peace with France the King is obliged to leave that Court where he had been neer two years and had done many good offices for that King with his neighbour Princes but Interest sways more than Gratitude He retires into Germany where all his designs and private Councils in his Cabinet were betray'd to Cromwell by one Manning who was Clerk to his Secretary bribed by the Usurper who had a knack that way of expending vast summs for intelligence and by this means many of the Royalists designs in England came to be discovered and many brought into trouble about it but at last the Traytour was detected and shot to death for his perfidiousness About this time he sends over 6 Counsellors for Ireland Steel who was m●de Lord Chancellour there and Pepys Lord Chief justice there Miles Corbet Robert Hamond Matthew Tomlinson and Robert Goodwin About June this year Cromwell seeing he was able to rule 3 Kingdoms believed he was as well able to govern 6 Horses sent him by the Count of Oldenburg and in a frollick being in Hide Park leaving his Engine Thurlo alone in the Coach he gets into the Box and would needs play the Coach-man but the Horses feeling the lash and not so well yoaked as his English Slaves ran away with Coach Coach-man and Thurlo and at last dismounted him from his Box an ill omen of his fall and had like to have broke his Neck And now according to the Instrument on the 3 d of September the Parliament was to meet and great care was taken by Oliver that none of the Cavaliers should be chosen Writs were issued out in his name and Elections made as heretofore onely the Burrows sent but one Burgess and there were 6 or 7 Knights for some Shires all of them under sure qualifications Scotland and Ireland also according to the Instrument sent their number most being English Commanders The day came they meet and in Westminster Abby Marshall gave them a Sermon The next day the Protector went to them in great state in his Coach attended by Cleypool Master of his Horse Strickland Captain of his Guards bareheaded on both sides and at his entrance Lambert carried the Sword and Whitlock the Purse and in the painted Chamber he made to them a Speech after his old method with God in his mouth He told them this was an healing day for before there was neither Nobleman Gentleman nor Yeoman known by any distinction nor was there any bore rule or authority but the Magistracy and Christ's Ordinances were had in contempt that the fifth Monarchy was highly cry'd up by such persons as had a mind to assume the government to themselves Then in an extolling way he shewed what great things he had done during his Government and then he told them they were upon the edge of Canaan and that he spoke not as their Lord but Fellow-servant And so dismist them to choose their Speaker which they did without presenting to him his name Their Speaker was Lenthal the Speaker to the old Long Parliament This Parliament began to be very brisk upon the Government and fell upon the Instrument on which they made so bad musick questioning Oliver's power that he could not indure it and immediately sent them a Recognition for every Member to take before they sat whereby they were not to meddle with the Government as it was settled in a single person and the Parliament nor with the militia nor with perpetuating Parliaments nor taking away Liberty of Conscience He told them also that a Free Parliament was but a term of Reciprocation for that power which made him Protector made them a Parliament and therefore he was sorry they went about to destroy the Settlement and was forced to send them a Recognition for every Member to sign and seal to prevent it This startled most of them especially the Commonwealths men who all flew off and of 400 scarce 200 appeared though at last several came dropping in and