stoode by him I deliuer my selfe an vnworthie and grieuous sinner vnto you the ministers of God by this corde beseeching our Lorde Iesus Christ whiche pardoned the theefe confessing hys faultes on the Crosse that throughe your prayers and for his great mercyes sake it may please him to bee mercifull vnto my soule wherevnto they all answered Amen Then sayde he vnto them drawe me out of this bedde with this Corde and lay me in that bedde strewed with Ashes which he had of purpose prepared and as he commaunded so they did He is drawne out of his bed a thing vnlike to be true and they layde at his feete and at his heade two greate square stones And thus hee beeyng prepared to death he willed that his bodie after his deceasse shoulde be conueyed into Normandie and buryed at Rouen And so after he had receyued the Sacrament of the bodie and bloud of our Lorde hee departed this life as afore is sayde His death about the .xxviij. yeare of his age Thus dyed this yong King in hys flourishing youth to whome through hys owne iust desertes long lyfe was iustly denyed sithe hee delyghted to begynne his gouernement wyth vnlawfull attemptes as an other Absolon agaynste hys owne naturall Father seeking by wrongfull violence to pull the Scepter out of his hande Hee is not put in the number of Kings bycause he remayned forthe more parte vnder the gouernaunce of his father and was taken oute of this lyfe before hys father so that hee rather bare the name of king as appoynted to raigne than that he maye bee sayde to haue raigned in deede His body after his death was coÌ„ueyed towards Rouen there to be buried accordingly as hee had wylled Nic. Triuet but when those that had charge to conuey it thyther were come vnto the Citie of Mauns the Bishoppe there and the Cleargie would not suffer them to go any further wyth it but committed it to buryall in honourable wyfe within the Church of Saint Iulian. When the Citizens of Rouen were hereof aduertised they were sore offended with that doing streyght wayes sent vnto them of Mauns requyring to haue the corps dâ—…liuered threatning otherwise with manye earnest othes to fetche it from them by force King Henrie therefore to sette order in thys matter commaunded that the corps of his sonne the King shoulde bee deliuered vnto them of Rouen to be buryed in theyr Citie as he himselfe had willed before his death And so it was taken vp and conueyed to Rouen The bodie of the yong kiâ—â— lastly buried at Rouen where it was eftsoones there buryed in the Churche of oure Ladie King Henrie after his sonne the king was thus deade enforced hys power more earnestly than before to winne the Citie and Castell of Lymoges whiche hee hadde besieged â—…ymoges renâ—â—ed to king â—…enrie and at length had them bothe rendred ouer into hys handes with all other Castelles and places of strength kept by his enimies in those partyes of the which some he furnished with garnisons and some hee caused to bee razed flatte wyth the grounde There rose aboute the same tyme occasion of strife and variaunce betwixt king Henry and the Frenche King aboute the enioying of the Countrey lying about Gysors cleped Veulquesine â—…eulquesine on thys syde the Ryuer of Hept whiche was gyuen vnto King Henrie the Sonne in consideration of the maryage had betwixt hym and Queene Margaret the Frenche Kinges sister For the Frenche King nowe after the death of hys brother in lawe King Henrie the sonne requyred to haue the same restored vnto the Crowne of France but king Henrie was not willing to depart with it The kings of â—…ngland and â—…rance talke â—â—gither At length they mette betwixt Trie and Gysors to talke of the matter where they agreed that Queene Margaret the widow of the late deceassed king Henrie the sonne shoulde receyue yearely during hir lyfe .1750 poundes of Aniouyn money at Paris of king Henry the father and his heires in consideration whereof shee shoulde release and quiteclayme all hir right to those lands that were demaunded as Veulquesine and others Shortly after Geffrey Earle of Brytayne came to his father and submitting himselfe was reconciled to him and also to his brother Richard Earle of Poictou An. Reg. 30 Also I finde that king Henrie at an enteruiew had betwixt him and the French king at their accustomed place of meeting betwixt Trie and Gisors on Saint Nicholas day did his homage to the same French king for the lands which he held of him on that side the sea which to doe till then he had refused The same yeare king Henrie helde his Christmasse at the Citie of Mauns Also when the king had agreed the Frenche king and the Earle of Flaunders 1184 for the controuersie that chaunced betwixt them about the landes of Vermendoys he passed through the Earle of Flanders Countrey and comming to Wysande tooke shippe and sayled ouer into Englande landing at Douer the tenth day of Iune with his daughter the Duches of Saxonie The duchesse of Saxonie deâ—…iuered of a â—…onne the which was afterwardes deliuered of a sonne at Winchester and hir husbande the Duke of Saxonie came also this yeare into Englande and was ioyfully receyued and honourably interteyned of the king his father in lawe There died this yeare sundry honorable personages as Simon Erle of Huntington that was son to SimoÌ„ Erle of Northampton after whose decease the king gaue his erledome vnto his brother Dauid or as Radulfus de Diceto sayth Death of noble men bycause the said Simon died without issue the king gaue the Erledom of Huntingt vnto Wil. king of Scots son to Erle Henry that was son to K. Dauid Also the Erle of Warwik died this yere Thomas Fitz Bernard L. chiefe iustice of the Forests which roumth Alain de Neuill had enioyed before him But now after the death of this Tho. Fitz Bernard The gouernment of the forests deuided the k. diuided his forests into sundrie quarters to euerie quarter he appointed foure iustices two of y e spiritualtie two knights of the temporaltie beside two generall wardens that were of his owne-seruants to be as surueyers aboue all other Foresters of vert venison whose office was to see that no misorder nor spoyle were committed within any groundes of Warren coÌ„trarie to the assises of Forests There dyed this yeare also diuerse Prelates as foure Bishoppes to witte Gerald surnamed la Pucelle Bishop of Chester Walranne Bishop of Rochester Ioceline Bishop of Salisburie and Bartholmew bishop of Exeter There died also diuerse Abbots vpon the .xvj. of Febuarie died Richard Archbish of Canterburie in the .xj. yeare after his first entring into the gouernment of that sea His bodie was buried at Canterburie He was noted to be a man of euill life and wasted the goodes of that Churche inordinately It was reported that before his death
these were comparable to the greatest of those which stand in our tyme for sith that in those dayes the most part of the Islande was reserued vnto pasture Greatâ—… cities 〈◊〉 times 〈◊〉 when hâ—…bands also 〈◊〉 Citizens â—…cause 〈◊〉 inâ—… of â—…ges the townes and villages eyther were not at all but all sortes of people dwelled in the cities indifferentlye an Image of which estate may yet be séene in Spaine or at the lest wise stoode not so thick as they dyd afterward in the time of the Romaines but chiefely after the comming of the Saxons and Normans wheÌ„ euery Lord buylded a church neare vnto his owne mansion house are imputed the greatest part of his lands vnto sundrie tennants wherby the number of townes and villages was not a little increased among vs. If any man be desirous to know the names of those auncient cities that stoode in the time of the Romainâ—… he shall haue them here at hand in such wise as I haue gathered them out of our writers obseruing euen their maner of writing of theÌ„ so neare as to me is possible 1. London otherwise called Trenouanton Cair Lud. Londinum or Longidinium Augusta of the legion Augusta that soiourned there when the Romaines ruled here 2 Yorke otherwise called Cairbranke Vrouicum or Yurewijc Eorwijc Yeworwijc Eboracum Victoria of the legion victrix that laye there sometime 3. Cantorbury Duroruerno alias Duraruenno Dorobernia Cantwarbyry 4. Colchester Cair Colon. Cair Colden Cair Colkin Cair Colun of the riuer that runneth thereby Colonia of the Colonia plâ—â—ted there Coloncester Camulodunum 5. Lincolne Cair Lud Coit of the woodes that stoode about it Cair loichoiâ—… by Corruption Lindum Lindocollinum 6. Warwijc Cair Guteclin Cair Line Cair Gwair Cair vmber Cair Gwaerton 7. Chester vppon Vske Cair legion Carlheon Cairlium Legecester Ciuitas legionum 8. Carleill Cair Lueill Cair Leill Lugibalia 9. S. Albanes Cair Maricipit Cair Municip Verolamium Verlamcester Cair wattelin of the streete whereon it stoode 10. Winchester Cair Gwent Cair Gwin Cair Wine Venta Simenorum 11. Cisceter Cair Chume Cair Kyrne Cair Kerâ—… Cair Cery Cirnecester Churnecester 12. Silcester Cair Segent Selecester 13. Bathe Cair Badon Thermae Aquae solis 14. Shaftesbyry Cair paladoâ—â— Septonia 15. worcester Wigornia Cair Gworangon Brangonia Caer Frangon Woorkecester 16. Chichester Cair Key Cair Chic 17. Bristow Cair Odernâ—…nt Badon Oder Cair Brâ—â— Venta Belgarâ—â—â— Brightstow 18. Rochest Durobrenis coâ—…ruptly Roficester Roffa 〈◊〉 Dubobrus Duâ—…obâ—…ius 19. Fortchester Cair Peris Cair poreâ—…s 20. Cairmarden Cair Maridunum Cair Merdine Maridunum Cair Marlin Cair Fridhin 21. Glocester Cair Clowy Cair Glow Claudiocestria 22. Leircester Cair Leir Cair Lirion Wirall teâ—…te math west 895. 23. Cambridge Cair Graunt * 24. Cair vrnach 25. Cair Cucurat 26. Cair Draiton 27. Cair Celennon 28. Cair Megwaid As for Cair Dorme another whereof I read likewsie it stood somewhere vpon Nen in Huntingdon shire but nowe vnknowen sith it was twise raced to the grounde first by the Saxons then by the Danes so that the ruines therof are not extaunt to be séene And in like sort I am ignoraunt where they stood When Albane was martyred Asclepiodotus was Legate in Britaine that are noted the star It should séeme when these auncient cities flourished that the same towne which we nowe call Saint Albons did most of all excell but chiefely in the Romaines time and was nothing inferiour to London if self but rather preferred before it bycause it was newer a colony of the Romaines wheras the other was old and ruinous and inhabited only by the Britaines Good notice hereof also is to be taken by Mathew paris other before him out of whose wrytings I haue thought good to note a fewe thinges whereby the maiesty of thys auncient citie may appeare vnto posterity and the former estate of Verlamcester not lie altogither as it hath done hitherto raked vp in forgetfulnesse thorowe the negligence of such as might haue deserued better of theyr successours by leauing the description thereof in a booke by it selfe sith many particulers thereof were written to their hands that nowe are lost and perished Tacitus in the fouretéenth booke of hys historie maketh mencion of it shewyng that in the rebellion of the Brytons the Romaines there were myserablye distressed Eadem clades sayth he municipio Verolamio fuit and herevpon Nennius in his Cataloge of cities calleth it Cair Minucip as I before haue noted Ptolomy speaking of it Sulomaca and Barnet all one or not far in sunder doth place it among the Catyeuchlanes but Antoninus maketh it one and twentie Italyan myles from London placing Sullomaca nyne myle from thence wherby it is euident that Sullomaca stood very néere to Barnet if it were not the same Of the coÌ„passe of the walles of Verolamium there is yet some mencyon by the ruines but of y e beauty of the citye it selfe you shal partly vnderstand by y t which followeth at hand In the time of King Edgar it fell out that one Eldred was Abbot there who being desirous to enlarge that house it came into his mynde to search about in the ruines of Verolamium which nowe was ouerthrowâ—â— by the fury of the saâ—…ons Danes to sée if 〈◊〉 might there come by any curious péeces 〈◊〉 worke wherewith to garnishe hys buylding taken in hand To be short he had no 〈◊〉 begonne to digge among the râ—…bbis but 〈◊〉 founde an exceeding number of Pillers pâ—â—ces of Antique worke thresholdes doore frames and sundry other péeces of â—â—ne masâ—â—ry for windowes and such lyke very coâ—â—meÌ„t for his purpose Of these also some 〈◊〉 of porphirite stone some of dyuers kyndes of marble touch and Alablaster beside many curious deuises of harde mettall in fynding whereof he thought himselfe an happy man and his successe to be greatlye guyded by s Albane Besides these also he found sundry pyllers of Brasse and socketes of Latton al which he laide aside by great heapes determinyng in the ende I say to laye the foundation of a newe Abbaie but God so preuented his determinatioÌ„ that death tooke him awaye before his buylding was begon After him succéeded one Eadmerus who prosequuted the dooinges of Eldrede to the vttermost and therefore not onely perused what he had left with great diligence but also caused his pioners to searche yet farder with in y e olde walles of Verolamium where they not onely found infinite péeces of excellent workemanship but came at the last to certaine vaultes vnder the ground in which stoode dyuers Idolles and not a fewe aultars very supperstitiouslye religiouslye adourned as the Paganes left theÌ„ belike in tyme of necessytie These Images were of suÌ„dry mettals some of pure gold their aulters likewise were rychly couered all which ornamentes Edmerus tooke away and not only conuerted them to other vse in his building but also destroyed an innumerable sort of other ydols whose estimation consisted in their formes substaunces could doe no seruice
therto agreeable nor induce the souldiours to admit him they hauing already established his sonne he began to deuyse wayes howe to assure the state more strongly to his sayde sonne and hearyng that his sonne in law Constantine was mynded to come into Italy against him he purposed to practise Constantines destruction in somuch that it was iudged by this which folowed â—…issimulation y t Herculeus Maximinus did but for a colour seme to mislyke with that whiche his son Maxentius had done to the ende he might the sooner accomplishe his entente for the dispatching of Constantine oute of the waye Herevpon as it were fleing out of Italy â—…anulphus â—…estrensis he came to Constantine who as then hauing appointed lieutenants vnder him in Britayn remayned in France and with all ioy and honor that mighte bee receiued his father in lawe the which being earnestly bent to compasse his purpose Fausta the daughter of Maximinus vvife to Constantine made his daughter Fausta priuie therto whiche ladie either for feare least the concealyng therof might turne hir to displesure either else for the entier loue whiche she bare to hir husbande reueled hir fathers wicked purpose Wherevpon whilest Constantine goeth about to be reuenged of suche a trayterous practise Herculeus fleeth to Mersiles Marsiles purposing there to take the sea and so to retire to his sonne Maxentius into Italye But ere he coulde get away from thence he was stangled by commaundemente of his sonne in lawe Constantine Maximinus slayne An. Chri. 311. and so ended his lyfe whiche he had spotted with many cruell actes as well in persecutyng the professour 〈◊〉 the Christian name as others In this mean time had Maximinus adopted one Licinius to assiste hym in gouernaunce of the empire Licinius chosen fellovv vvith Maximianus in the empire proclayming hym Cesar So that nowe at one selfe tyme Constantine gouerned Fraunce and the weast partes of the Empire Maxentius helde Italy Affrike and Egypte And Maximinus whydhe lykewyse had but elected Cesar ruled the Easte partes and Licinius Illyrium and Grecia But shortly after the Emperoure Constantine ioyned in league with Licinius and gaue to him his sister in marriage named Constantia for more suretie of faithfull friendship to endure betwixt them He sent him also against Maximinus who gouerning in the East parte of the Empire purposed the destruction of Constantine and all his partakers but being vanquished by Licinius at Tarsus he shortly after dyed being eaten with lice Constantine after this was called into Italy to deliuer the Romaynes and Italians from the tyrannie of Maxentius whiche occasion so offered Constantine gladly accepting passed into Italy and after certaine victories gote againste Maxentius at length slewe him And after this when Maximinus was dead whiche prepared to make warre againste Licinius that hadde married Constantia the sister of Constantine hee finally made warre against his brother in lawe the sayde Licinius by reason of suche quarrels as fell out betwixt theÌ„ In the whiche warre Licinius was putte to the worse and at length comming into the handes of Constantine was put to deathe so that Constantine by this meanes gote the whole Empire vnder his rule and subiection Hee was a greate fauorer of the Christian Religion in somuche that to aduance the same hee tooke order for the conuerting of the Temples dedicated in the honors of Idols vnto the seruice of the true and Almightie God Hee commaunded also Christians honoured cherished that none should be admitted to serue as a Souldiour in the warres excepte hee were a Christian nor yet to haue rule of any countrey or armie Hee also ordeyned the weeke before Easter and that whiche folowed to be kept as holy and no person to doe any bodily workes during the same He was muche counsailed by that noble most vertuous ladie his mother the Empresse Helene Polydore The prayse of the Empresse Helenae the whiche being a godly and deuoute woman did what in hir laye to moue him to the setting foorth of Gods honour and encrease of the christian faith wherein as yet he was not fully instructed Some writers alledge that she beeing at Ierusalem 320. made diligent searche to finde out the place of the Sepulchre of our Lorde and at length founde it thoughe with muche adoe for the infidels had stopped it vp and couered it with a heape of filthie earth and buylded alofte vpon the place a chappell dedicated to Venus where yong women vsed to sing songes in honoure of that vnchaste Goddesse Helene caused the same to be ouerthrowne and the earth to be remoued and the place clensed so that at length the sepulchre appeared and fast by were founde there buried in the earth .iij. crosses and the nailes but the crosse wherevppon our Sauiour was crucifyed was known by the title written vpon it The Crosse founde though almost worne out in letters of Hebrew greke and Latine the inscription was this Iesus Nazarenus rex Iudaeorum It was also perceyued which was that Crosse by a miracle as it is reported but how truly I can not tell that shuld be wrought thereby For being layde to a sicke woman only with the touching therof she was healed It was also sayde that a dead man was raysed from death to lyfe his bodie onely being touched therwith Whervpon Constantine moued with these things forbade that from thenceforth any should be put to death on the Crosse to the ende that the thing which afore tyme was accompted infamous and reprochefull myghte nowe be had in honour and reuerence The Empresse Helen hauing thus found the Crosse buylded a temple there and taking wyth hir the nayles returned with the same to hir son Constantine who set one of them in the crest of his helmet Polidorus an other in the brydell of his horsse and the thirde he castinto the sea to assuage and pacifie the furious tempestes and rage thereof She also brought with hir a parcell of that holy Crosse Polidorus and gaue it to hir sonne the sayd Constantine the whiche he caused to be closed within an Image that represented his person standing vppon a piller in the market place of Constantine or as some late writers haue he caused it to be enclosed in a coffer of golde adorned with ryche stones and Pearles placing it in a Churche called Sessoriana the which church he endued with many great giftes and precious ornamentes Many workes of greate zeale and vertue are remembred by writers to haue bin done by thys Constantine and his mother Helene to the setting foorth of Gods glorie and the aduauncing of the faith of Christe The commendation of Constantine But to be briefe he was a manne in whome many excellent vertues and good qualities bothe of mynde and bodie manifestly appeared chiefly he was a prince of great knowledge and experience in warre and therewith verie fortunate an earnest louer of iustice and to conclude borne
betokened that the Princes and gouernours of the Realm should decline from the way of truth Dunstan seeth the Deuill often but now he was become a wayter at the Table when Dunstane sate with the King and wander as folish beastes without a guide to rule them Also the nighte after this talke when the King was set to supper Dunstan sawe the same sprite or some other walke vp and downe amongst them that wayted on the table within three days after the K. was slayne as before ye haue heard Edredus or Edred Ran. Higd. Sim. Dunel He brente the Abbey of Rippon whiche was kept against him As he was returning homeward an host of enimies brake out of Yorke and setting vpon the rereward of the kings army at a place called Easterforde Easterforde made great slaughter in the same Wherefore the King in his rage mente to haue begun a new spoyle and destruction but the Northumbers humbled themselues so vnto him that putting away their foresaide K. Hirke or Hericius and offering great rewards and gifts to buy their peace they obteyned pardon But bycause that Wolstan the Archbishop of Yorke was of counsell with his countreymen in reuolting from K. Edredus The Archbishop of Yorke imprisoned and aduancing of Hericius K. Ederdus toke him and kept him in prison a long time after but at length in respect of the reuerence which he bare to his calling he set hym at libertie and pardoned him his offence Math. West reciteth an other cause of Wolstanes imprisonment Mat. VVest as thus In the yere of grace saith he 951. King Edrede put the Archbishop of Yorke in close prison 951 bycause of often complayntes exhibited against him as he which had commaunded many Townesmen of Theadford to bee put to death in reuenge of the Abbot Aldelme by thē vniustly slayne and murthered After this when Edredus had appeased all ciuill tumultes dissentions within his land VVil. Malm. he applyed himselfe to the aduancing of Religion wholly following the mind of Dunstane by whose exhortation he suffered patiently many tormentes of the body and exercised himselfe in prayer and other deuoute studies Edredus departeth thys life Finally after he had raigned nine yeares and a halfe he departed this life to the great greeuance of menne and reioycing of Angels as it is written and was buried at Winchester in the Cathedral Church there Here is to be noted that the foresaide Edrede when hee came firste to the Crowne vpon a singular and most especiall fauour whiche hee bare towards Dunstan the Abbot of Glastenbury Dunstan in fauor he committed to him the chefest part of all the threasure as charters of landes with other monuments and such antient princely iewels as belonged to the former Kings with other such as he gote of his owne willing hym to lay the same in safekeeping within his Monasterie of Glastēbury Afterward when King Edred perceyued himselfe to be in daunger of deathe by force of that sicknesse which in deede made an end of his life he sent into all parties to such as had any of his treasure in keeping to bring the same vnto him with all speede that hee mighte dispose thereof before his departure out of this life as hee should see cause Dunstane tooke suche thyngs as he had vnder his handes and hasted forwarde to deliuer the same vnto the King and to visit hym in that tyme of hys sicknesse according to hys duetie But was not this a deuise thereby to deteyne the treasure for I do not reade that he deliuered it out of his hands An Angell or as some think a worse creature but as he was vpō y e way a voice spake to him frō Heauen saying behold K. Edred is now departed in peace At the bearing of this voyce the Horse whereon Dunstane rode fell downe died being not able to abide the presence of the Angell that thus spake to Dunstane And when he came to the Court he vnderstoode that the King dyed the same houre in whiche it was tolde him by the Angell as before ye haue heard This Edwarde in his latter dayes beeyng greatly addicted to deuotiō and religious priests at the request of hys mother Edgina restored the Abbey of Abingdon which was built firste by K. Inas but in these dayes sore decayed and fallen into ruine Edwin AFter the decesse of Edredus Edre◅ his Nephewe Edwin the eldest sonne of Kyng Edmōd was ma◅e King of England and began his raigne ouer the same in the yeare of our L. 955. and in the .20 yeare of the Emperour Otho the firste 955 in the .28 and last yeare of the raigne of Lewis King of France and about the twelfth yere of Malcolme the first of that name King of Scotland He was sacred at Kingston vppon Thames by Odo the Archbishop of Canterbury The same day of his Coronation as the Lordes were set in counsell about weighty matters touching the gouernemente of the Realme hee rose from the place VVil. Malm. Polidor gate him into a chamber with one of his neere kinswomen and there had to do with hir without respect or any regard had to his royall estate and princely dignitie Dunstane lately beforenamed Abbot of Glastenbury did not onely without feare of displeasure reprooue the king for such shamefull abusing of his body but also caused the Archbishop of Canterbury to constreyne him to forgoe y e company of that woman whom vnlawfully hee kept as his wife Iohn Cap. There be that write that there were two women both mother and daughter whome K. Edwin kept as concubines for the mother beeing of noble parentage sought to satisfie the Kings lust in hope that eyther hee woulde take hir or hir daughter to wife And therefore perceyuing that Dustane was sore against suche wanton pastime as the King vsed in their company so wrought Dunstane banished the Realme that Dūstan was through hir earnest trauel banished the land And this is also reported that when he should departe the Realme the Deuill was hearde in the West end of the Church taking vp a great laughter after his roring manner as though he should shew himselfe glad and ioyfull of Dunstanes goyng into exile Dunstane seeth not the Deuill But Dunstane perceyuing his behauiour spake to him and sayd well thou aduersarie do not so greatly reioyce at the matter for thou doest not now so much reioyce at my departure but by Gods grace thou shalt be as sorowfull for my returne Dunstane departed into exile Thus was Dunstane banished by K. Edwine so that he was compelled to passe ouer into Flaunders where hee remayned for a tyme within a Monasterie at Gaunt finding muche friendshippe at the handes of the gouernoure of that countrey Also the more to wreake his wrath VV. Mal. Edwine displaceth Mōkes and putteth secular Priests in their romes the King spoyled many Religious houses of their goodes and droue
honestie in fleshly and sensual lust yet was his couetousnesse so great that all was to little which he might lay handes vpon He also put to death diuers honorable personages His cosin Cardorus other suche as hee perceyued to grutche at his doings Hee likewise purposed to haue made away the Sonnes of his predecessour Corbreide but his trayterous practise being disclosed The commoÌ„s rebell the moste parte of the Nobles and commons of the Realme rebelled against him and sending for Corbreide Galde the eldest sonne of the former Corbreide remayning as then in the Isle of Man where hee shoulde haue bene murthered they chose him to their King And at length beating downe all suche as made resistance they gotte that cruell tyrant Dardane into their handes and bringing him foorth before the multitude Dardane is beheaded they caused his heade to bee openly striken of This was the .lxxxj. yeare after the birth of our Sauiour 75. H.B. 6. of Vespasian H.B. being the firste of the Emperour Domitian and the fourth complete of his owne raygne ouer the Scottish men To bee shorte hee purged the whole realme of all suche robbers theeues and other the lyke offenders agaynst the quiet peace of his subiectes as were hugely increased by the licencious rule of his predecessour Dardane and herevnto hee was mightely ayded by the Morauians The Morauians help to apprehende theeues and offenders who pursued suche offenders moste earnestly and brought in vnto him no small number of them euer as they caught them By this meanes was the state of the common wealth brought into better quiet and the yeare next ensuing being the thirde of Galde his raygne hee called a counsell at Dunstafage wherein hee labored muche for the abrogating of the wicked lawes instituted by king Ewyn Galde laboreth to abrogate wicked lawes as before is partely specified but hee coulde not obtaine more than that poore men from thence foorth should haue their wiues free to themselues without being abused from time to time indifferently by their landelordes as heretofore they had bene Whilest he was thus busied about the establishing of holsome orders and statutes for the wealth of his subiectes Petilius Cerâ—…alis a Romaine captaine sente by Vespasian into Brytaine woorde was brought him that Petilius Cerialis a Romaine Captaine being sente from Vespasian the Emperour to haue the gouernment of Brytaine was landed with a puissant armie in the countrey and minded shortly to inuade the borders of his realme as Annandale and Galloway With these newes Galde being somewhat astonied The Ordâ—…nices and Brygants mistake by the Scottish wryten thought good to vnderstande the certaintie of the enimies doings before hee made any sturre for the leauying of his people therefore appoynted certaine light horsemen to ride foorth and to bryng certaine newes of that whiche they might heare or see who at theyr returne declared that the enimies armie was abroade in the fieldes The Pictes ouerthrowe by the Romains The Romains purpose to enter into Galloway vppon the borders of Picte lande and had giuen the Pictes already a great ouerthrow and further howe they were turned westwarde on the lefte hande in purpose to enter into Galloway Galde being thus certified of the Romains approche towardes his countrey Galde determineth to fight with the Romaâ—…s determined to giue them battayle before they entred into the inner partes of his Realme and therefore with all speede hee assembled his people to the number of fiftie thousande menne all suche as were able to beare armor being readie to repayre vnto him in suche present necessitie for defence of theyr countrey It hath bene reported that as hee marthed foorth towardes his enimies sundrie straunge sights appeared by the way Strange sights appeare to the Scottishe armie An Egle was seene almost all a whole day flying vp and downe ouer the Scottishe armie euen as though she had laboured hyr selfe weary Also an armed man was seene flying round aboute the armye and suddenly vanished away There fell in lyke manner out of a darke cloude in the fieldes through the whiche the armie shoulde passe diuers kindes of birdes that were spotted with bloud These monstruous sightes troubled mennes mindes diuersly some construing the same to signifie good successe and some otherwise Also the chiefest captaynes amongst the Scottes were not all of one opinion The Scottes not all of one minde for some of them waying the great force of the Romaine armie beyng the greatest that euer had bene brought into theyr countrey before that day counselled that they shoulde in no wise be fought withall but rather to suffer them to weary themselues till vitayles and other prouisions shoulde fayle them and then to take the aduauntage of them as occasion serued Other were of a contrarie minde iudging it beste sith the whole puissaunce of the Realme was assembled to giue battayle least by deferryng time the courage and great desire which the people had to fight should waxe faynt and decay so that all things considered The Scottes agree to fight with the Romaâ—… it was generally in the ende agreed vppon to giue battayle and so comming within sight of the enimies hoste they made ready to encounter them At the firste the Scottes were somewhat amazed with the greate multitude of theyr aduersaries but through the cheerefull exhortations of theyr King and other their Captaines theyr stomackes beganâ—â— to 〈◊〉 so that they boldely sette vppon the Romaines whereof ensued betwixte them a righte 〈◊〉 and cruell battayle howbeit in the 〈◊〉 the victorie inclined to the RomaÌ„nâ—â—s The Scots are discomfited and the Scottes were chased out of the fielde Galdes himselfe was wounded in the face yet escapes hee out of the battaile but not without great daunger in deede by reason the Romaines pursued most egerly 〈◊〉 the chase There were slaine of the Scotish menne as theyr chronicles make reporte aboue a twelue thousande and of the Romains about sixe thousande This victorie beyng thus atchieued The citie called Epiake is wonne by the Romains the Romains gote possession of Epiake with the greatest parte of all Galloway and passed the residue of that yeare without any other notable exployte but in the sommer followyng Petilins the Romaine gouernour wente aboute to subdue the reste of the countrey the Scottes oftentimes making diuerse skirmishes with him but in no wise durste ioyne with them puissance agaynst puissance The Scottes durst not fight any field with the Romains least they shoulde haue put their Countrey into further daunger if they had chauÌ„ced eftsoones to haue receyued y e ouerthrow Here haue wee thought good to aduertise the Reader that although the Scottish wryters impute all the trauayles whiche Petilius spent in subduing the Brygantes and Frontinus in conquering the Silures to be employed chiefly agaynst Scottes and Pictes the opinion of the best learned is wholy contrarie thereunto affyrming the same BrygaÌ„tes and Silures not
demaunde and considering wythall the occasion thereof they asked respite to make theyr aunswere tyll the next day The Lordes conspire against Conarus whiche beeing graunted in the night following they communed secretely togyther and in the ende concluded not onely to denie hys request but also to depose him of all kingly gouernment sithe hys naughtie life requyred no lesse The next day therefore when they were againe set downe in the Counsell Chamber one of them in name of the residue tooke vpon hym to speake The answere of the Lordes to the demaūd of Conarus declaring that the Lordes and Commons of the Realme marueyled not a little how it should come to passe that the king hauing no warres wherewith to consume his treasure shoulde yet bee enforced to demaunde a tallage for maintenaunce of his estate and charges of hys householde but the faulte was knowne well ynoughe to reste in suche as hee moste vnwoorthylye had preferred to rule thinges vnder him who being come of naught did nothing but deuise meanes howe to cause the king to spoyle his naturall subiectes of theyr goodes and possessions therewyth to enriche themselues but sayeth he as they shall be prouided for well ynoughe ere long and so aduaunced as they shall not neede to thyrst for other mennes lyuings that is to witte euen to a faire payre of Gallowes there to ende their liues with shame as a number of suche other losengers had often done before them so it is conuenient that the King sithe his skill is so small in the administration of his office shoulde bee shutte vp in some one Chamber or other and suche a one to haue the gouernaunce of the Realme as may be thought by common assent of the Lords most meete to take it vpon him The King hearing this tale started vp and with a loude voyce beganne to call them traytours adding that if they went about any hurte to his person they shoulde deare abye the bargaine Conarus is taken and committed to close keeping But notwithstanding these wordes such as were appoynted thereto caught him betwixt them and had him forth to a place assigned where they layde hym vppe maugre all hys resistaunce Conarus his ministers are punished for their offences In lyke maner all suche as had borne offices vnder him were attached and had to prison where the most part of them vpon examination taken of their offences suffered death according to their iust demerites Then was the rule of the Realme commytted vnto one Argadus a man of noble byrth Argadus is chosen to gouerne the Realme and ruler of Argyle who vnder the name of a Gouernour tooke vpon him the publike regiment till other aduise might be taken His studie in the begynning was onely to clense the Countrey of all mysdoers and to see the peace kept to the quiet of the people and finally in all his doings shewed a perfite patrone of an vpright Iusticier Argadus an vpright insticier But within a few yeares after as it often happeneth prosperous successe chaunged his former mynde to an euill disposition whereby he ordered things after his owne selfewill more than by reason Prosperitie chaungeth conditions without the aduise of his peeres And further to the manifest ruyne of the common wealth he nourished ciuill discorde and sedition amongst the nobles supposing it to make for his welfare so long as they were at oddes He also maryed a Pictish Ladie the better to strengthen himselfe by this his forraine aliaunce Argadus hearing himselfe thus charged and not able to lay any likely excuse Argadus confesseth his fault fell vppon hys knees and partly as it were confessing his fault with teares gushing frō his eyes besought them of pardon wholy submitting himselfe to bee ordered at their discretion The Lordes being moued with this humble submission of Argadus Argadus is permitted to continue in his office vpon promise he shoulde redresse al his former misdemeanours were contented that he should continue still in the administration of the Realme but suche as had beene his chiefest Counsellours were committed to warde After this sharpe admonition and warning thus giuen Argadus amēdeth his former misgouernance and ruleth him◅elf by better aduice Argadus did nothing touching the gouernment of the common wealth without the aduice of his Peeres and soone after amongest other things he tooke order for the limitting how farre the authoritie of inferiour officers as Bayliffes Boroughmaisters Constables and such other shoulde extende But especially he trauailed moste diligently for the punishing of theaues and robbers of whom none escaped with life that fell into his handes A notable statute Moreouer hee ordeyned by statute that no man exercising any publike office should taste of any drinke that might make him drunken Hee also banished all suche persons as vsed with dressing of delicate meates and as I may call them deyntie dishes Fine cookerie banished or banketting cheare to allure mennes appetites from the olde rude fare accustomed amongst their elders who sought not to follow theyr delicious appetites but onely prouided to sustayne nature which is satisfied with a little and that voyde of costly furniture Argadus thus beeing occupied in reforming the state of the common wealth brought many euill doers into good frame and order and such as were vpright liuers of themselues endeuored still to proceede forward to better and better Conarus departeth out of this worlde 162. H. B. At length in the eight yeare of his gouernment Conarus beeing consumed with long imprisonment departed oute of this life in the fourtenth yeare after the begynning of hys raigne But Argadus being highly rewarded with landes and lyuings for his faythfull and diligent paynes taken in the aduauncement of the publike weale during the time of his gouernment was thereto soone after created as it were Lorde President of the Counsell Argadus is create Lorde president of the counsell thereby to bee chiefest in authoritie next to the king in the ordering and rule of all publike affayres and causes Shortly after Ethodius as the custome of newe kings in those dayes was went ouer into the westerne Iles there to take order for the administration of iustice where immediately vpon his arriual it was shewed him that not passing two or three dayes before there had bene a great cōflict fought betwixt y t nobles or clannes of the countrey Ciuil discorde amongst the Lordes of the Iles. by reason of a strife that was stirred amongst their seruants being a cōpany of naughtie and vnruly fellowes to the great disquiet of the Inhabitants Herevpon was Argadus sent forth incontenētly with a power to appease that businesse Argadus is sent forth to apprehend the rebelles and to bring in the offenders that they might receyue rewarde according to their demerites Argadus forthwith hasted towards the place where he vnderstood the rebelles to be remayning and apprehending their whole nūber of thē some by force and some
Octauius is reconciled with Fincomark Immediatly vpon his returne he reconciled himself with Fincomark the Scottish king and was contented that he should quietly enioy the coūtreys of Westmerland Cumberland with such other territories as Carantius had graūted in former time vnto Crathlynt Octauius entreth into amitie with the Pictish king He likewise sent vnto the king of the Pictes concluded a friendship with him to the intent he might haue ayde frō him also if it chaūced the Romains eftsoones to inuade his countrey as shortly after they did not ◅easing til they had so aweried him with cōtinual warres that in the end to be at rest as his age other necessities then required he deliuered into theyr handes Octauius becommeth tributarie vnto the Romaine Emperour certaine castels fortresses also became tributarie to the Emperour on condition he might vse the office and name of a king all the residue of his dayes These things being thus quieted in Albion y e Romains Brytains Scottish men and Pictes 17. of Constans Constantius Emperours H. B. continued in friendly peace without any notable trouble till the .ix. yeare of the raigne of Valentinian Emperour of Rome first of Damasus the Pope In y e which yeare Fincomark king of Scottes departed this life Fincomark deceassed 358. H. B. after he had gouerned the estate aboue .xlvij. yeares This was in y e yeare of our redēptiō ◅72 This Fincomark left behind him .ij. sonnes the one named Eugenius Eugenius Ethodius sonnes to Fincomark being as then aboute xviij yeares of age the other hight Ethodius was yonger thā his brother by one yeare so that neyther of them might succeede theyr father by reason they were not of yeares sufficient to rule according to the auncient ordinance Romacus Fethelmacus and Angusianus sonnes to three seuerall brethren pretende a right to the estate Herevpon a councell was called in Argile where there was hard holde betwixt the .iij. Nephewes to king Crathlynt that were begotten by .iij. of his brethren which of them should gouerne the lande their names were Romacus Fethelmacus Angusianus Romacus had a Pictish lady of the bloud royall of that nation to his mother for that his father was eldest brother next vnto Crathlynt he looked to be preferred though he himself was yonger in yeares thā eyther Fethelmacus or Angusianus Fethelmacus gaue his consent with suche voyces as he had vnto Angusianus wherwith Romacus being not a little offended sought meanes to haue distroyed them both Romacus seeketh meanes to distroy his cousins but his practise being discouered caused many to withdrawe theyr good willes frō him whereby his aduersaries were the more encouraged therevpon the councell brake vp either parte deuising how to strengthen thēselues against the others practises Angusianus with vpright dealing purchaseth the more friendshippe But for so much as Angusianus vsed plaine meanes without any fraudulēt dealing he got the more frēds so that Romacus was constreyned in the end to require ayd of the king of Picts who being neare of kinne to him might not denie his request Angusianus therefore vnderstanding what daunger he was in if he fell into his aduersaries hands got togither an armie of such as fauoured his cause Romacus vanquisheth Angusianus encountring with him in battel was put to flight forced to flee into the Westerne Isles with his cousin Fethelmacus where remaining for a while at length he was aduertised that the inhabitants had conspired against him for doubt whereof he got him ouer into Ireland Then began banishments confiscations of goodes slaughter of such as were thought to be fauourers of Angusians cause without respecte either of sexe or age The Scottishe Lordes cōspire against Romacus til the nobles of the Realme being not a little moued with such his cruell doings tirannicall gouernment conspired togither by secrete meanes how to deliuer their coūtrey of so pernicious a tyrant And to bring this their purpose the more speedily to passe they wrought so closely that they had assembled a great armie were come with the same within x. miles of the place where he then lay ere he had any vnderstanding of their enterpryse so that whereas he being vnprouided of resistance assayed by flight towardes Pict land to haue escaped their hands Romacus apprehended and put to death it preuayled him nothing for he was taken by the way and receyued such end as his former passed life had very well deserued in the .iiij. yeare of his raigne his head was set vpō the end of a pole caried about to be shewed vnto the people to their great reioysing There were slaine also at the same time besides him diuers Scots Pictes who had bene of councell with him in al his cruel practises Angusianus proclaymed king After which executiō done they sente for Angusianus who returned into Scotland was proclaimed king aswel by consent of the Lordes as fauour of the cōmons Aboute the same time bicause the Brytons had slaine the Romaine lieutenant the Emperour Constantius sent one Maximus thither to chastise the rebels with whom the same Maximus encountring in battell gaue them a great ouerthrow And within three dayes after Octauius king of the Brytons through griefe age long sicknesse being consumed to the last point departed this life He left a sonne behinde him named also Octauius who doubting to fall into y e hāds of the Romains fled into the Isle of Man remayned there certaine yeares vnknowen with Eugenius and Ethodius the sonnes of Fincomark The Brytons also persisting in their rebellion were eftsoones discomfited in battel by Maximus and sore by him persecuted til he had brought them againe to their full subiection Nectanus himselfe neuer rested till he came vnto Camelone where he called a counsell of his nobles to haue theyr aduise by what meanes he might be reuēged of the iniuries receyued by the Scots wherof he was most desirous Nectanus desirous of reuenge not regarding into what daunger he brought his owne realme so he might somewhat ease his rancour and displeasure whiche he had thus conceyued against his enimies the Scottes Neither wāted there diuers great personages in that assemble which to content his minde and to winne fauour of him set foreward the matter in such earnest wise that notwithstanding what other could say to the contrarie it was ordeyned that with al speede an army should be leuied and ledde foorth into the Scottish borders Nectanus hauing thus the consent of his nobles to inuade the Scottes a new caused men of warre to be takē vp through all the parties of his dominion that of the choysest men that might be gotte the whiche being once assembled hee stayed not long but set foreward with them Nectanus inuadeth the Scottish confines and entred into Kalendar wood spoyling destroying all afore him at his owne will and pleasure Angusianus
Mordacke the Scottishe king ended his lyfe He repayred sundrie Churches and religious houses whiche being defaced with violence of the enimies inuasions in tyme of warre had not beene reedified by hys auncesters But amongst other hee bestowed muche coste vppon the Churche where the bodie of Saint Ninian lyeeth in the Towne aunciently called Candida Casa now Whitterne or Qhuitterne Candida Casa nowe called Whitterne Saint Bede calleth that place Pictiminia and the Byshoppe whiche at the same tyme helde the Church there hee nameth Acta auouching how he was the first that was Bishop thereof after the dayes of Saint Ninian Whiche if it bee true it muste needes bee that afterwardes some vacation happened in that Sea for a time sith it is notified in the Scottish histories that the westesterne Iles Galloway and other regions neare adioyning were subiect vnto the Bishop of Sodor whose Sea is in the I le of Man vnto the dayes of Malcolme the thirde who restored rather than ordeyned the Bishops Sea in Candida Casa againe after suche vacation as before is specified A peaceable prince The league which his predecessours Eugenius and Mordacke had kept with theyr neighbours the Brytaynes Englishmen and Pictes he duely lykewise obserued His chiefe studie was to purge his realme of all such as were knowne to be open baret◅ers and offenders in any wise agaynst the peace and cōmon quiet of his subiects so that causing sundrie notable ensamples of iustice to bee executed vpon such euill doers he was had in such reuerende dread◅ amongst his subiects that none of them durst once whisper any euill of him Neyther had they verily any cause so to doe whilest he looked to the administration himselfe Foure gouernors vnder the king But after he was once fallen into age he appoynted foure Peeres of his realme to haue the chiefe gouernaunce vnder him as Dowalde the Treasurer of Argyle Collane of Athole Mordacke of Galloway his Lieutenants and Conrath the Thane of Murrey lande These hauing the procuration of all things touching the gouernment of the Realme Vniust gouernment vsed not themselues so vprightly in many poynts as they ought to haue done but winked nowe and then at faultes and trespasses committed by their kinsfolkes and alyes permitting the nobilitie to liue according to theyr olde accustomed maner of licencious libertie to the small ease or commoditie of the other inferiour estates Donalde of the Westerne Iles a man of goodly personage but of disposition inclyned to all naughtinesse Donalde of the Iles mainteyneth robbers mainteyned a great number of Robbers and spoylers of the countrey liuing only vpon ◅a◅ine Fo◅ look what they wanted they woulde not fayle to catche it if it were in anye place abrode where they might lay handes on it so that al the husbandmen and commons of Galloway The oppression of the commons of Galloway in which Countrey they most haunted were brought into wonderfull thraldome and miserie Neyther did Mordacke the kings Lieutenant there Mordacke the kings Lieutenant beareth with offenders goe about to chastice such insolent misdemeaners eyther for that hee was of Donaldes alyance eyther else priuie to his doings and partaker of the spoyle The people hereby vexed with continuall iniuries brought manye pitifull complayntes afore Mordacke who nothing regarded their lamentable suites and supplications but the more they complayned the worse were they handled Neyther was there any hope of redresse of amendment till Eugenius the .viij. was admitted to the kingly administration after the death of king Ethfine who in the latter ende of his dayes continually beeing sicke and diseased could not attende to take order for the publike gouernment The decease of Ethfine by reason whereof such wilfull misorders ensued Hee dyed in the yeare of our Lorde .764 762. H. B. after he had continued his raigne ouer the Scottishmen the space of .xxx yeares his bodie being buried in Colmekill with all funerall obsequies After he had taken both him and his chiefest complites he put them openly to death Donald and his complices put to death neither so satisfied he caused Mordacke to be arreyned who confessing himselfe partly guiltie of suche things as were layde to his charge for mainteyning of the foresayd Donalde Mordack lieutenant of Galloway is put to death The cōmons recompenced he likewise suffered death and his goodes beeing valued and deuided into partes were bestowed amongst the commons of Galloway in recompence of suche losses as through his contriued falshood they had susteyned Also he put Dowalde Collan and Conrath vnto their fines for that they did suffer Donalde so to rob and spoyle without chasticement A righteous king Through which causing of iustice thus to be executed in reliefe of his commons he wan him wonderfull loue not onely in Galloway but also throughout all his Realme Offenders put in feare and therewith were offenders put in such feare that they durst in no place commit any such like misorders against the simple and meaner people And for the more increase of his subiectes wealth he also continued the league with the Picts Brytaynes and Englishe men accordingly as his late predecessour had done But yet as the nature of man through licencious libertie is euer readie to offende in one poynt or other so came it to passe by thys worthie Prince Eugenius who in such wise as is before expressed raigning in peace quietnesse amongst his louing subiects Eugenius is peruerted with sensual lust concupiscence yet fell into most vile lust to accomplish his vnsaciable fleshly concupiscence seeking al meanes he could deuise to defloure yōg virgins and honest matrones and that as well those of the nobilitie as other And such companions as could best further his purposes in that behalfe and deuise new meanes and wayes of fleshly company those he set by and greatly made of deliting altogither to haue them in his company A filthie delite Thus being drowned in leacherous lust and filthie cōcupiscence he fell dayly into more grieuous vyces Couetousnesse ◅inked with crueltie as into excessiue couetousnesse and beastly crueltie consenting to make away his wealthie subiects to the end he might enioy their goodes This wickednesse remained not long vnpunished for the Lordes and peeres of his realme perceyuing how he proceeded dayly in his abhominable and tyranlike doings not once giuing eare to the wholesome aduertisements eyther of God or man Eugenius is murthered they slue him one day amongst them as he sate in iudgement aboute to haue condemned a great riche man though not guiltie in the crime whereof he was accused They caused also immediately a great cōpany of those mates to be apprehended which had bene of his counsell prouokers vnto all his wicked vile doings Which to the great contentation of the people were hanged as they had wel deserued The ende of Eugenius the viii And such was the ende of
their coūtrey men there the other that could not make shift to get away were slain anon after by the English men that one of them was not to bee founde aliue within any of the English Dominions And such was the ende of the Pictes that fledde vnto the English men for succour In this meane tyme the Scottish king Donald being restored againe to his Countrey was receyued with more ioy and honour than hee had deserued in hope yet by this scourge of aduerse fortune that he woulde haue reformed his former abuses Neuerthelesse King Donald falleth to hys old vices againe he had not bin at home any long time but that he fell to his old vicious trade of life againe remouing from his companie suche honorable personages as wished the suretie of his estate with the aduācement of the cōmon welth to the reliefe and ease of his poore miserable subiects At length the nobles of the realm perceiuing the daunger that their countrey stoode in by reason of Donaldes insolent misorder vndiscrete rule and gouernment King Donalde is laid in prisō they found meanes to apprehend and commit him vnto safe keeping but the monstrous creature within a fewe dayes after he was thus put in ward He slaieth him selfe in prison 860. in great desperation slue himselfe in the sixt yeare after he began his infortunate raigne in the yeare of our saniour 860. The same yeare that the realme of Scotlande was brought vnto such miserable state by the puissant force of the English men and Brytains as aboue is rehearsed there were sundrie wonders heard of in the countrey A young babe giueth warning vnto hys mother as in Lothian a childe of one Moneth olde and a halfe admonished the mother to flie out of that countrey for it woulde come to passe that the enimies shoulde come and take that region out of the Scottish mens hands Beasts also as they were pasturing abrode in the fieldes there roaring after a straunge sort Beastes roaryng dyed sodenly dyed Fishes likewise in shape resembling the figure of man Fishes lyke in shape to men were founde deade in the sandes of the Scottish sea In Galloway there fell such abundance of Adders and Snakes out of the skie Adders snakes fell downe out of the sky that the ayre being corrupted with the sauour of them lying on the grounde both men and beastes dyed of certain diseases which they tooke through infection thereof Such as were accounted to be skilfull in diuination affyrmed that these things did signifie an infortunate raigne with an euill ende vnto king Donalde as afterwardes it happened The interpretation of the prodigious things who hauing made away himselfe in prison as before is expressed Constantine the sonne of king Kenneth was crowned king at Scone King Cōstantine Crowned in the Chayre of Marble there according to the maner as then vsed After his first entring into the estate he would gladly haue gone in hād with the warres against y e English mē He fain would recouer his predecessours losses to haue recouered out of their possessions those countreys which they had lately taken from the Scottes in his predecessors time but his counsell aduised him otherwise He was aduised otherwise by his counsel declaring that the estate of the common wealth was so decayed by the misgouernance of his sayde predecessour that till the same were refourmed and suche intestine discorde as through licencious libertie raigned amongst his subiects might be appeased and quieted there was no hope to atchieue anye worthie enterprise abrode agaynst forraine enimies Hereupon by theyr aduertisements and good aduice Misorders are redressed hee deuised a reformation of all such misorders as were growen vp in al partes of his realme and first for the spiritualtie he ordayned that Priestes should attende their cures Priestes should onely attende their vocation and not to intermeddle with any secular businesse but to be free from going forth to the warres neyther should they keepe horses hawkes or hounds And if any of them wer found negligent in doing his duetie apperteyning to his vocation A penaltie for not doing their dueties he should for the first fault forfeyt a peece of money but for the second he should lose his benefice Youth shoulde eate but one meale a day For the youth of his realme he tooke order to brydle them the better from wanton delites and sensuall lustes that none of them shoulde haue past one meale a day and that of no fine or daintie delicates and to abstaine from all such drinke as might distemper their brayne so that if anye yong person Drunkennes punished with death either man or woman were known to be dronken they should die for it He commaunded further that all the youth of his realme shoulde exercise running wrastling shooting throwing of the dart and bowle so to auoyde slouthfulnesse that their bodies myghte with such exercises be made the more able to endure paynes and trauaile and for the same purpose he tooke order that they shoulde lye vpon the bare bourdes with one mantell onely throwne vnder them Youth to be treined vp in hardnesse so that they should tast nothing neither by day nor night that might noozell them in any wanton delytes or effeminate pleasures Kepers of bāketting houses to be banished It was also ordeyned that all such as kept vitayling houses for banketting cheare should be banished the realme with those that kept brothell houses Thus were the Scottes by obseruing of these ordinances Scottes were made sober able to abyde hardnes made within short time of gluttons excessiue feeders sober and temperate men of delicate and easefull persons hard tough and able to abide any trauail or labour were the same neuer so painfull and hereof the state of the common wealth began to grow to good perfection so that Constantines administration was lyked of the most part of all his subiects The first that went about to disquiet the prosperous raigne of that worthie Prince was one Euan Euan disquieted the king and realme a man of an aūcient house borne in the Westerne Iles. Such hath bene the vnquiet nature of the Scottish men euen from the beginning The vnquiet nature of Scottish men neuer to liue contented any long tyme eyther with peace or warre for being once a wearied with the charges of the warres they straight wayes wishe for peace and hauing in time of peace heaped togither some wealth then can they not suffer the gouernment of their superiours but either are readie to fall out with some forraine enimie or else to raise some commotion amongst themselues This Euan therefore being the kings Lieutenant of his Castell of Dunstafage in Louchquhaber Euan Lieutenant of Dunstafage conspireth agaynst the king practised a conspiracie agaynst the king with a number of other light persons being gentlemen borne mislyking the administration of things onely
of Englande not wel contented nor pleased in his mind that the Scottes shoulde enioy a great portion of the north partes of England aunciently belonging to his crowne as parcell thereof he raysed a great army and before any denouncing of war by him made inuaded Northumberland The castell of Anwike won by the English men tooke the Castell of Anwike putting all suche to the sworde as were founde in the same King Malcolme to withstande such exploytes attempted by his enimie leuied a great hoste of his subiectes and comming with the same into Northumberlande besieged the sayde Castell of Anwike The castell of Anwike besieged by the Scottes And nowe when the keepers of the hold were at poynt to haue made surrender a certaine English knight conceiuing in his mind an hardie and daungerous enterprise mounted on a swift horse without armor or weapon sauing a speare in his hand vpon the poynt wherof he bare the keyes of the castel so issued forth at y e gates riding directly towardes the Scottish campe They that warded mystrusting no harme brought him with great noyse and claymor vnto the kings tent Who hearing the noyse came forth of his panilion to vnderstande what the matter ment The Englishman herewith touched his staffe as though it had beene to the ende that the king might receyue the keyes whiche he had brought And whilest all mens eyes were earnest in beholding the keyes An hardie enterprice the Englishe man ranne the king through the left eye and sodainly dashing his spurres to his horse escaped to the next wood out of all daunger The poynt of the speare entred so farre into the kings head that immediately falling downe amongst his men he yeelded vp the ghost K. Malcolme is slaine This was the ende of king Malcolme in the middest of his armie It is sayde that king William chaunged the name of this aduenturous knight The name of the Percees had no suche beginning for they came forth of Normandie at the conquest Earles of Northumberland and called him Pers E and for that he stroke king Malcolme so right in the eye and in recompence of his seruice gaue him certaine landes in Northumberlande of whom those Percees are discended whiche in our dayes haue enioyed the honourable tytle of Earles of Northumberlande The Scottes after the slaughter of their king brake vp theyr campe K. Malcolme buryed at Tynmouth and buried his bodie within the Abbay of Tynmouth in England But his sonne Alexander caused it to be afterwardes taken vp and buryed in Dunfermling before the Aulter of the Trinitie The same tyme was Scotlande wounded with an other missehappe Edward prince of Scotlande dyed For Edwarde the Prince of Scotlande eldest sonne to king Malcolme dyed of a burt which be receyued in a skirmish not farre from Anwike and was buryed in Dunfermeling the fyrst of the bloud royall that hadde hys bones layde in that place Queene Margaret being aduertised of the death both of hir husbande and sonne as then lying in Edenbourgh Castell hir disease encreased through griefe thereof so vehemently Queene Margaret died that within three dayes after she departed out of this life vnto an other more ioyfull and blessed King Malcolme was slaine in the yeare of of oure redemption 1092. 1097. H.B. The Ides of October H.B. on the .xiij. day of Nouember and in the .xxxvj. yeare of hys raigne Strange wonders In the same yeare manye vncouth things came to passe and were seene in Albion By the highe spring Tydes whiche chaunced in the Almaine Seas Aâ—… huge tyde many Townes Castels and Wooddes were drowned aswell in Scotland as in England After the ceassing of which tempest the lands that somtime were Earle Goodwines of whom ye haue hearde before lying not farre from the towne of Sandwich by violent force and drift of the Sea were made a sande bed and euer sithence haue beene called Goodwine sandes Goodwin sandes The people haue thought that this vengeance came to that peece of grounde being possessed by his posteritie for the wicked slaughter of Alured which he so trayterously contriued Moreouer sundrie Castelles and Townes in Murry lande were ouerthrowne by the sea Tydes Thunder Such dreadfull thunder happened also at the same time that men and beastes were slaine in the fields and houses ouerturned euen from their foundations Trees corne burnt In Lonthian Fife and Angus trees and corne were burned vp by fire kindled no man knew how nor from whence In the dayes of this Malcolme Cammore liued that famous hystoriographer Marianus a Scottish man borne Marianus but professed a Monke in the Monasterie of Fulda in Germany Also Veremond a Spanish priest Veremonde but dwelling in Scotland florished about the same time and wrote the Scottish historie whome Hector Boetius so much followeth The sonnes of king Malcolm Cammore Malcolme had by his wife Queene Margaret otherwise called for hir holinesse of life S. Margaret vj. sonnes Edward as is said was slain Etheldred which died in his tender age and was buried in Dunfermling and Edmond which renounced the world liued an holy life in England the other three were named Edgar Alexander and Dauid There be that write how Edmond was taken and put to death in prison by his vncle Donalde Bane Donald Bane when he inuaded the kingdome and vsurped the crowne after the deceasse of his brother king Malcolme and so then was Edgar next inheritour to the crowne Donalde Bane fled into the Iles. This Donald Bane who as before is mentioned fled into the Iles to eschue the tyrannical malice of Makbeth after he once heard that his brother king Malcolme was dead Donalde Bane returneth into Scotlande His couenant for the gift of the Iles to the king of Norway returned into Scotland by support of the K. of Norway vnto whom he couenanted to giue the dominion of all the Iles if by his meanes and furtheraunce hee might obteyne the crowne of Scotland Herevpon landing with an armie in the Realme he founde small resistance and so with little a doe receyued the crowne for many of the people abhorring the riotous maners and superfluous gurmandice brought in amongst them by the English men The respect that the people had to receyue Donald Bane for their king were willing inough to receiue this Donalde for their king trusting bycause hee had beene brought vp in the Iles with the olde customes and maners of their auncient Nation without tast of the English lykerous delicacies they shoulde by his seuere order in gouernment recouer againe the former temperancie of theyr olde progenitors As soone as Edgar Adeling brother to Queen Margaret was aduertised that Donalde Bane had thus vsurped the crowne of Scotland K. Malcolmes sonnes sent for into Englande by Edgar their vncle he sent secretly for his thre nephews Edgar Alexander and Dauid with two sisters which they had
.1290 1290. 1285. H.B. It is sayde 1286. Io. Ma. that the day before the Kinges death the Earle of Marche a little before night demauÌ„ded of one Thomas Leirmont Thomas of Ersilton or the rymer otherwise named Thomas the rymer or as the translator of Hector Boetius hath Tho. Ersilton who in those dayes was reputed for a notable prophesier or as we may cal him a◠〈…〉 what wether they shoulde haue on the morow To whome the sayd Thomas answered that on the morow before noone A prophesie of a tempest should blowe 〈…〉 and tempest that euer was heard of in Scotlande at any time before On the 〈…〉 and bright without cloude 〈◊〉 other signe of foule weather and that in 〈◊〉 neare vnto the middest of the day and no 〈…〉 syde but all calme and quiet the Earle of Marche sente for the forenamed Thomas and tolde him that hee had mystaken his markes in prophâ—…sying of any suche notable tempest as he had spoken of the nighte before consideryng it proued so lythe a day without appearance of any tempest to ensue This Thomas sayd little therto sauing that he alledged how it was not yet past noone And incontinently herevpon came a pâ—ast to the castell gate of Dunbar where this Earle of March as then lay bringing word of the kings sodaine death as before is recited Then said the Prophesier That is the scathfull winde and dreadfull tempeste whiche shall blowe suche calamitie and trouble to the whole estate of the realme of Scotland This Thomas was a man in greate admiration of the people shewing sundrye thinges as they afterwardes chaunced howebeit they were euer hidde and inuolued vnder the vayle of darke and obscure speeche Many strange wonders and vnketh sightes were seene in the dayes of this Alexander the thyrde Vnketh sights 〈◊〉 woonders In the .xvij. yeare of his reigne there was suche an infinite number of wormes through al the parties of Albion that not onely the leaues and fruites of trees but also flowres and herbes in gardens were eaten vp and consumed with them High tides And in the same yeare the waters of Furth and Tay rose with suche high tydes in flowing ouer the bankes that many townes and villages were drowned to the great destruction both of men and beastes A blazing starre In the .xx. yeare of his reigne there was a Comete or blasing starre seene of a meruailous quantitie shyning euery day towarde the south euen about noone dayes On the Epiphanie day next after rose so great windes Great wyndes with stormes of such vnmesurable great hayle stones that many townes were throwne downe by violence thereof Fire caused through wind In the meane tyme rose thorough the vehemente rage of windes a sodaine fyre in manye boundes within the realme of Scotlande that did muche hurt in buyldings and edifices brenning vp steeples with such force of fyre that the belles were in diuers places melted as though it had bin in a furnace Amongest other those of the abbey of Abirbrothon were most precious Belles melted which were as then consumed together with the steeple wherin they hung The towns of Abirden and Perth were breâ—ned the same tyme Also parte of Laynrike with the temple and all the townes and villages in Clow 〈◊〉 part of Angus and lykewyse manie townes and other buyldings in Lowthian and in dyuers other partes of the realme too long here to reherse In the .xxxj. yeare of his reigne was the first commyng of the pestilence into Scotland The first comming of the pestilence into Scotland with great mortalitie of the people where it had not bin bred that euer this sicknesse had come within that realme before that tyme. In the solemnization of the seconde mariage of king Alexander as the bridegroome according to the maner ledde the bryde in a daunce a great number of lordes and ladies folowing them on the same daunce A strange sight in daunsing there appeared in their sight as it were closing vp the hindermoste of the dauncers a creature resembling deathe all naked of fleshe and â—yâ—â— with bare bones right dredfull to beholde through whiche spectacle the king and the residue of all the companie were so astonyed and put in such fright and feare that they hadde quickly made an ende of their daunce for y e time In the days of this king Alexander the third Learned men lyued sundry great clarkes Amongst other one Michaell Scot was reputed for an excellent Physition Michaell Scot a phisition and for his singular practise and knowledge in that profession was no lesse esteemed and hadde in high fauour with Edward king of England than wyth K. Alexander during his lyfe tyme. King Alexander the thirde Scotland with out a king and gouernour being in such miserable wise deceassed as before is specified the realme remained in great discomfort by reason he had neyther left any issue behynde him to succeede in the gouernement therof neyther taken order in his lyfe tyme by testamente or otherwise for any other to supply the roomth of a gouernoure Mischeues ensuing for lacke of a ruler so that hereof did ensue infinite misorders by the presumption of wicked and vngracious persons the which vpon hope to escape vnpunished bicause Iustice was lyke so wante due processe ceassed not to attempt many vnlawfull actes to the grieuous oppression of the people whiche misruled demeanours and disordred enterprises of those outragious persoÌ„s wheÌ„ such as had any zeale to the welth of their countrey vnderstood daily to multiply increase they thought it apertained to their dueties to prouide some remedie in tyme and therevppon called a councell together wherin after sundry consultations had many matters debated touching y e rule of the realme Six gouernors chosen to haue the rule of Scotland it was finally agreed y e six gouernors should be elected choseÌ„ of the which three should haue the administration and rule of the north partes and these were William Fraser bishop of saint Androwes Duncane Erle of Fyfe and Iohn Cumyne Erle fo Buchquhâ—â— The other three were appointed to the gouernance of the South countreys that is to saye Robert bishop of Glasgew sir Iohn Cumyn man of high estimation for his wysedome and experience as well in matters concerning peace as warre Iames high Steward of Scotland But in the meane tyme Edwarde king of Englande surnamed Longshankes cast in hys mynd howe he might make some conqueste of Scotlande nowe that the same was thus destitute of an head to gouerne it How can this be true when king Edwarde had a wyfe at that tyme but verily the foots writers shewe themselues ouercome with too much malice in moste things whyche they write in the defamatioÌ„ of king Edwarde And for that he well vnderstode y t the daughter of Norway of whom before ye haue heard was right inheritor to be crowne of Scotland though she
Thomas Cochram Thomas Cochram whome of a Mason he had made erle of Mar through whose deuise and counsell hee had caused to bee coigned certayne money of copper not conuenient to bee currant in any Realme which the people refused Embasing of cogne and so great dearth hunger was reysed through the countrey Moreouer that he would not suffer the noble men to come neere his presence nor to take their counsell in gouerning the Realme but gaue himselfe to voluptuous pleasure The kings concubine named Daysie setting nought by y e Queene his lawfull wife keeping a naughty harlot called the Daysie in hir place Also they layde to his charge y t he had put hys brother the Earle of Mar vnto death banished his other brother the Duke of Albany therefore they could not suffer him and the whole Realme to be longer misledde by suche naughty persons And herevpoÌ„ they tooke Thomas Cochram Erle of Mar William Roger Cochram Erle of Mar and other hanged and Iames Hommill Tayllor who with others being conuict were hanged ouer the Bridge at Lowder Only Iohn Ramsey a yong man of eyghteene yeeres of age for whome the king made great instaunce was pardoned of life This done they returned to Edenburgh and appoynted the king himselfe to bee kept in the Castel by the Erle of Athole The king kept vnder arrest and in y e meane time the second of August they sente Androw Steward elect Bishop of Murray Iohn Lord Darneley to the English army lying then at Tuyder to take truce for three moneths but y e Dukes of Glowcester and Albany came forward vnto Restalrig where they encamped withoute any resistance The English nauie lying also in the Forth was readie to assist their fellowes by land Herevpon certaine noble men of Scotland as the Archbishop of Saint Androwes the Bishop of Dunkeld Colin Erle of Argyle and Androw Steward Lord Auendale great Chancellor of Scotland wente to the English camp and treating with the two Dukes The Duke of Albany is reconciled agreed vpon certayne articles whereby the Duke of Albany was receyued into his countrey againe in peaceable wise and had giuen to him the Castell of Dunbar with the Erledomes of March and Mar. He was proclaymed also generall Lieutenant to the King And so the Englishmen returned homewards and came to Berwike where they hauyng wonne the towne as they passed that wayes into ScotlaÌ„d had left the Lord Stanley and sir Iohn Eldrington with foure thousand men to keepe a siege before the Castell and nowe they enforced the same but the Lorde of Halis then Captayne within that Castell defended it right manfully sending to the Duke of Albany and other the Lords of the counsell The Castell of Barwike is taken for reliefe to reise the siege The Duke in deede reysed an army and came to Lamer More but when they within perceyued that through dissention betwixte the King and the nobles of the Realme they were not like to be reskewed they yeelded the Castell into the Englishmens handes the .24 of August in that yeere 1482. 1482 The king a prisoner after it had remayned nowe at this time in the Scottishmens handes the space of .21 yeeres The king remayning as prisoner in Edenburgh Castell all things were ordered by the Duke of Albany Androwe Stewarde Lord of Auendale Chancellor others till the sayd Duke y e Archbishop of Sainte Androwes the Chancellor the Erle of Argile diuers others weÌ„t vnto Striueling to visit the Queene and Prince where the Duke was perswaded by the Queene withoute knowledge thereof giuen to the other to goe vnto Edenburgh The king is set at libertie and to restore the king vnto libertie The Duke accordingly to the Queenes pleasure comming to Edenburgh beseeged the Castell wanne it remoued the Earle of Athole and set y e king and all his seruants at libertie for the which good turne the king shewed great tokens of loue to his brother the Duke although it lasted not long The Earle of Argile the Bishop of Sainte Androwes the Chancellor and others which remayned at Striueling when they hearde those newes fled into their owne countreys and shortly after the Bishop of Sainte Androwes at request of the king The Archbishop resignetâ—… resigned his Bishoprike in fauor of master Androw Steward prouost of Glenelowden and was content in recompence thereof with the Bishoprike of Murray â—â—8â—… This yeere there was great theft reise slaughter in diuers partes of the Realme by occasion of the variance beâ—… 〈…〉 and his nobles 〈…〉 The Duke of Alâ—… 〈…〉 vnderstood there was poison giâ—… 〈…〉 drinke in the kings chamber and therefore stoode in feare of his life fledde from the Court vnto the Castell of Dunbar whereby ensewed great discord The king fearing the displesure of his nobles gote him also into y e Castel of Edenburgh The Erles of Angus Bachâ—…uhan The king is forsaken and others left the king and assisted the Duke of Albany And the king through counsell of certain meane persons whome he had againe taken vnto him summoned the Duke and others his assistantes to come to answer for such treason as hee had to lay against them Lords are summoned and withall prepared an army to beseege Dunbar whereof the Duke being aduertised fled into Englande afterwardes being accompanyed with the Earle of Dowglas and a great nuÌ„ber of Englishmen inuaded Scotland vpon the west marches Scotland inuaded where many Englishmen were slaine and taken by the resistaunce of the Lards Cokpule Iohnston and others the Duke was put to flight and the Erle Dowglas taken and brought to the king who bycause hee was an aged man and had bin long banished his countrey was sente to the Abbey of Lundoris Erle Dowglas sent vnto an Abbey where hee remayned the rest of his dayes and at length departing this life was buried there The Duke of Albany for the losse of that army was blamed of the king of England The Duke of Albany is blamed and therevpoÌ„ taking a misliking secretely departed ouer into France by the help of Iohn Liddell sonne to Sir Iames Liddell knighte who afterwards lost his life for the same The Duke was well enterteyned in France by the King there and finally ruÌ„ning at tilt with Lewes Duke of Orleance was hurt with the splint of a Speare and thereof died He lefte behinde him two sonnes Iohn Duke of Albany that was after gouernor and tutor to king Iames the fift Alexander that was after Bishop of Murrey and Abbot of Scone Thys yere the Lords Hume Torreklis Oliphant and Drummond were made Lordes of the Parliament In the yeere .1484 1484 The Archbishop is sent to Rome the king sent the Archbishop of Saint Androwes vnto Rome for certayne priuileges which he obteyned And y e same yeere Pope Innocente the eighte of that name The Pope sent to entreate foâ—… peace
forth hys Ensigne whereof King Richarde beeing ware came thither wyth a companie of hardie Souldiers aboute hym and threwe downe the Dukes Ensigne so displacing him oute of that so pleasaunt and beautifull a lodging â—…g Houed For this cause and also surmising that king Richarde shoulde be guiltie of the death of the Marques Conrade the Duke of Austriche shewed suche discourtesie towardes him But concerning the murther of the Marques â—…ing Richard â—…eared of the â—…eath of the â—…arques of â—…ountferate the chiefe gouernour of those Sarasins called Assassini cleared King Rycharde by a Letter wrytten and directed vnto the Duke of Austriche in maner as followeth LVpoldo Duci Austriae Vetus de Monte saluteÌ„ Cùm plurimi Reges Principes vltra mare RicharduÌ„ Regem Angliae dominuÌ„ de morte Marchisi inculpent iuro per dominuÌ„ qui regnat in aeternum per legem quam tenemus quod in eius mortem nullam culpam habuit Est siquidem causa mortis ipsius Marchisi talis vnus ex fratribus nostris in vnam nauem de Satalei ad partes nostras veniebat tempestas illum fortè ad Tyrum appulit Marchisus fecit illum capere occidere magnam pecuniam eius rapuit Nos verò Marchiso nuncios nostros misimus mandantes vt pecuniam fratris nostri nobis redderet de morte fratru nostri nobiscum se concordaret noluit Nec non nuncios nostros spreuit mortem fratris nostri super Reginaldum dominuÌ„ de Sidonis posuit nos tantum fecimus per amicos nostros quòd in veritate scimus quòd ille fecit illum occidere pecuniam rapere Et iterum alium nuncium nostrum nomine Edrisum misimus adeum quem in Mare mergere voluit sed amici nostri illum à Tiro festinanter fecerunt recedere qui ad nos peruenit ista nobis nunciauit Nos quoque ex illa hora Marchisum desiderauimus occidere Tuncque duos fratres misimus ad Tirum qui eum aperte fere coram omni populo Tiri occiderunt Haec ergo fuit causa mortis Marchisi benè dicimus vobis in veritate quòd dominus Richardus rex Angliae in hac Marchisi morte nullaÌ„ culpam habuit Et qui propter hoc domino regi Angliae malum fecerunt iniustè feceterunt fine causa Sciatis pro certo quòd nullum homineÌ„ huius mundi pro mercede aliqua vel pecunia occidimus nisi prius nobis maluÌ„ fecerit Et sciatis quòd has literas fecimus in domo nostra ad CastelluÌ„ nostrum Messiat in dimidio Septembri anno ab Alexandro 1505. The same in English is thus VEtus de Monte to Lupolde Duke of Austriche sendeth greeting Where many kings and princes beyonde the Seas blame Richarde king of Englande of the Marques his death I sweare by the Lorde that reigneth euerlastingly and by the lawe whiche we holde that hee was not in fault for hys death For the verye cause of the Marques hys death was suche as followeth One of our brethren in a Shippe of Satalie came towardes oure partyes and chaunced by tempest to be driuen vnto Tyre and the Marques caused him to be taken and slaine and tooke a greate portion of money that hee hadde in the Shippe wyth hym Wherevppon we sent oure Messengers vnto the Marques commaunding hym to restore vnto vs the money of our brother and to compounde wyth vs for oure sayde brothers death and he woulde not Moreouer he also contemned our Messengers and layde the faulte of oure brothers death vppon Reginalde Lorde of Sidon and wee did so muche through our friendes that wee gotte full vnderstanding that the Marques himselfe caused him to bee slayne and tooke his money And therefore we sent vnto hym againe an other Messenger named Edrisus whome he woulde haue drowned in the Sea but oure friendes made suche shifte that they procured hym to departe wyth speede from Tyre who returned to vs and signifyed these thinges to vs for certayne And from that houre euer after wee hadde a defyre to slea the Marques and so then wee sent two of our brethren vnto Tyre who openly and in a manner in presence of all the people of Tyre slue hym This therefore was the verye cause of the death of the Marques and wee saye to you in good sooth that the Lorde Richarde King of Englande in thys death of the Marques was nothing culpable and they that haue done anye displeasure vnto the King of Englande for thys cause they haue done it wrongfully and wythout any iust occasion Know ye for certaine that wee doe not vse to kill anye man of this worlde for any brybe or for money excepte hee haue done to vs some harme afore tyme. And knowe ye that wee haue made these letters in our house at our Castell of Messiat in the middest of September in the yeare from Alexander the greate 1505. Shortly after came the brother of the Kyng of Nauarre The king of Nauerres brother with eight hundred Knyghtes or men of armes to the Seneshals ayde and so they two togither entring into the lands of the Earle of Tholouse tooke dyuers Castels and fortresses within the same of the whiche some they fortified and some they rased and rode euen to the gates of Tholouse and lodged in manner vnder the walles of the Citie A little before Christmas also diuers of those that had bin in the holy lande with King Rychard came home into England not knowyng but that King Richarde had bin at home before them and beeing asked where they thought hee was become they coulde saye no more but that they had seene the shippe wherein he first went aboorde arriued at â—…rendize in Puglia At length when the newes came how he was taken and stayed as prisoner the Archbishop of Rouen and other the rulers of the realm of Englande â—…e Abbots of â—…ley Roâ—…ts Bridge sent with all speede the Abbot of Boxeley and the Abbot of Roberts bridge into Almaine to speake with him and to vnderstand his state and what his pleasure was in all things They comming into Germanie passed through the Countrey into Baierlande where at a place called Oxefer they founde the King as then on hys iourney towardes the Emperour to whome as ye haue hearde the Duke of Austriche did sende him The sayd Abbots attended him to the Emperours Court and remayned there with him till the Emperor and he were accorded in maner as after shall be shewed and then after Easter they returned with the newes into Englande â—…r Doâ—… Vpon report whereof order is taken for many things but chiefely for the state in which dealings and forasmuch as those which had the rule of the land stoode in great doubt of things for the inconstant nature of Earle Iohn was of them much suspected first they caused a newe othe of allegiance to be
whereof hee him selfe had the chiefe charge as the Kings lieuetenaunt And therfore determined not to suffer it any longer And herevpon verily rose the contention betwixte them whiche the Englishe souldydars that were there did greatly encrease fauouring the Earle as the Kyngs vncle and couteâ—…ning the lieuetenaunt as a straunger borne by meanes whereof the foresayde Sauarye doubting least if he shoulde fight with his enemies and throughe suche discorde as was nowe amongest them be put to the worse the faulte shoulde bee laide wholy in his necke 〈◊〉 Maâ—… 〈◊〉 Frenâ—… he secretely departed and fledde to Lewes the Frenche Kyng who was lately come to the Crowne of Fraunce by the deathe of his father king Philip as you before haue hard The Frenche Writers affirme that Kyng Lewes recouered out of the Englishmens hands the Townes of Niorte Saint Iohns d'Angeli and Rochell before that Sauar de Mauleon reuolted to the French part In deede the Chronicle of Dunstable sayth Dunstable that after the truce tooke ende thys yeare the Frenche Kyng raysed an army and tooke Niort and after they of Saint Iohn d'Angeli submitted themselues to hym From whence hee went to Rochelle within the whiche at that presente was the sayde Sauary de Mauleon with seuenty Knightes and Richarde Gray with Geffrey Neuille who had in their retinue sixtie Knightes These with the forces of the Towne fallied foorth and encountring with the Frenche army slewe many of their aduersaries and lost some of their owne people Yet after this the Frenche Kyng besieged the Towne and in the ende wanne it whilest the King of Englande being occupied about the assieging of Bedforde Castell neglected to sende them within Rochell necessary succoures The Poictouins lend to King Henry But Polidor Vergill writeth that now after that Sauary de Mauleon was become the FreÌ„ch Kings man the Poictouins sente vnto Kyng Henry signifying that they were ready to reuolt from the Frenche Kings subiection and yeelde themselues vnto him if hee woulde sende vnto them a power of men to defende their countrey from the French men Nowe Kyng Henry hauyng receyued these letters enterteyned them that brought this message very curteously and promising them to send ouer ayde with all expedition he caused his nauie to be made ready for that voyage In the meane time the Frenche Kyng sente foorthe an army vnder the leading of Sauary de Mauleon who then tooke Niort and Rochelle placing in the same sundry garrisons of Souldiers but chiefly Rochâ—… he fortified Rochelle whiche had bin long in the Englishmens handes and alwayes serued them to very good purpose for the handsome landing of their people when any occasion required The Frenche Kyng therefore hauing got it fortifyed it and meant to keepe it to the intente the Englishmen shoulde not haue heereafter in tyme of warre so necessary a place for their arriuall in those coastes Mat. 〈◊〉 It was moreouer decreed that at a certayne day after Easter there shoulde bee an inquisition taken by the Inquest of a substantiall Iury for the seuering of Forrestes Forresâ—… the newe from the olde so as all those groundes whyche hadde bin made Forrestes sith the dayes of Kyng Henry the Graundfather of this Henry the third shoulde bee disforrested And therevppon after Easter Hugh de Neuile and Brienne de Lisle were sente foorthe as Commissioners to take that inquisition By force whereof many wooddes were asserted and improued to arrable land by the owners and so not onely men but also dogges whyche for safegarde of the game were accustomed to lose theyr clawes hadde good cause to reioyce of these confyrmed liberties In the meane tyme and about the feast of the purification King Henry hauing iust occasion to pursue the warre for recouery of those townes taken as before you haue hearde by the Frenchmen sente ouer hys brother Richarde whome hee had made Earle of Cornewall and Poictow â—… Paris â—…dor with a mighty nauie of Shippes vnto Gascoigne This Earle hauing in his company the Earle of Salisbury Phillip de Albanie and others with prosperous winde and weather arriued at Burdeaux with foure hundred sayles â—…e hunâ—… hath â—…in and there landing his men went straighte vnto the Towne of Saint Machaire situate vppon the banke of Garon where vppon his firste comming he gate the Castell and sacked y e Towne and then passing further â—…nes won â—…e Engâ—…en wanne dyuers other Townes as Louguile Bergerat and other and after wente with greate diligence to besiege and recouer Rochell or rather Riole The French K. aduertised of the Earles arriuall and of these hys atchieued enterprises The Earle of Marche hath Math. Paris sente foorthe by and by the Earle of Champaigne with a mighty army into Guyenne to ayde his people there About the same time the Earle of Salisbury returning homewards out of Gascoigne was so toffed and turmoyled on the Seas by tempestes of weather â—… death of â—…arle of â—…bury 〈◊〉 Par. that hee fell sicke thereof and within a few dayes after hys arryuall dyed This yeare also there came foorth a decree froÌ„ the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury and his suffraganes â—…es conâ—…esâ—…â—…n Chriâ—…buriall that the concubines of Priestes and Clearkes within orders for so were theyr wiues then called in contempt of their wedlocke should be denied of Christian buriall except they repented whylest they were aliue in perfect healthe or else shewed manifest tokens of repentaunce at the tyme of their deathes The same decree also prohibited them from the receyuing of the pax at Masse time and also of holy bread after Masse so long as the Priestes kept them in their houses or vsed their company publiquely out of their houses Moreouer that they shoulde not bee purified when they shoulde be deliuered of childe as other good women were withoute that they found sufficient suretie to the Archdeacon or his officiall to make satisfaction at the next Chapter or Courte to be holden after they should be purified And y e Priests should be suspeÌ„ded which did not present all such their concubines as were resiaunt within their Parishes Also all such women as were coÌ„uict to haue dealt carnally with a Priest wet appointed by the same decree to doe open pennance This yeare or as some haue in the nexte the Kyng graunted to the Citizens of London free warreyn that is to meane libertie to hunt within a certaine circuite about London and that all weites in y e Thames shuld be plucked vp and destroyed Also in this ninth yeare of his raigne K. Henry graunted to the Citizens of London that they might haue and vse a common seale About the time of the making of whiche ordinaunces An. Reg. 10. A Legate from the Pope Mat. Paris Otho y e Cardnal of S. Nicholas in Carcere Tullcano came as Legate from Pope Honorius into England to King Henry presenting him with letters from the Pope The tenor whereof when the Kyng hadde well
handes a greate portion of treasure whyche was broughte thither to bee transported ouer to the Poictouins that were so fledde the Realme Also there was founde a greate quantitie of treasure in the newe Temple at London whych they had gathered and hoorded vp there the which also was seased to the Kings vse But nowe to returne vnto the doings in the Parliamente holden at Oxford Mat. VVest It was ordeyned as some write that the Kyng shoulde choose foorthe twelue persons of the Realme and the communaltie of the land shoulde choose foorth other twelue the which hauing Regall authoritie in their hande Foâ—… and twenty 〈…〉 myghte take in charge the gouernaunce of the Realme vpon them and should from yeare to yeare prouide for the due election of Iustices Chauncellors Treasorers and other officers and see for y e safe keeping of the Castels which belonged to the Crowne These foure and twentie gouernours appointed as prouiders for the good gouernement of the Realme began to order all things at theyr pleasure in y e mean time not forgetting to vse things chiefly to their owne aduantages as well in prouiding efchetes and wardes for their sonnes and kinsfolkes as also in bestowing patronages of Churches belonging to the kings gift at theyr pleasures so that these prouiders seemed to prouide all for themselues in so muche The abâ—… of those 〈…〉 that neyther Kyng nor Christ coulde receyue ought amongst them There be that write how there were but twelue of these gouernours chosen Fabian whose names were as followe First the Archbyshop of Caunterbury the Byshoppe of Worcetor Roger Bigod Earle of Northfolke and Marshal of Englande Simon de Montforde Earle of Leicester Richard de Clare Earle of Gloucester Humfrey Bohun Earle of Hereford the Earles of Warwike and Arundell Sir Iohn Mansell chiefe Iustice of Englande Sir Roger Lorde Mortimer Sir Hugh Bigod Sir Peter de Sauoy Sir Iames Audeley and Sir Peter de Montforte To these was authoritie only giuen to punish and correct al such as offended in breaking of any the ordinaÌ„ces at this Parliament established It was not long after the finishing of thys Parliament but that stryfe and variaunce beganne to kindle betweene the King and the Earles of Leycester and Gloucester â—…ntention be â—…ixt the â—…les of Leyâ—…ster and â—…oucester by reason of such officers as the sayde Earles hadde remoued and put other in theyr rowmes Among the whiche Iohn Mansell was discharged of his office and sir Hugh Bygod brother to the Earle Marshall admitted in his rowmth Also bycause the foresayde gouernours had knowledge that the king minded not to performe the ordinaunces established at Oxforde they thought to make theyr part as stroÌ„g as was possible for them to doe and therefore vpon the morrow after the feast of Marie Magdalene â—…e Lordes â—…me to the â—…ildehall to â—…e their orâ—…ances conâ—…ed the king as then being at Westminster the Earle Marshall the Earle of Leycester and dyuerse other came to the Guyldhall of London where the Maior and Aldermen with the Commons of the Citie were assembled and there the Lordes shewed the Instrument or wryting sealed wyth the kings Seale and with the Seales of hys sonne Prince Edwarde and of many other Lordes of the lande conteyning the Articles of those ordinances whiche had beene concluded at Oxforde wylling the Maior and Aldermen to set also therevnto theyr common Seale of the Citie The Maior and Aldermen vppon aduice amongst them taken required respyte till they might knowe the kings pleasure therein but the Lordes were so earnest in the matter and made such instance that no resort coulde be had so that in the ende the common Seale of the Citie was put to that writing and the Maior and diuerse of the Citie sworne to mainteyne the same their allegiance saued to the king with their liberties franchises according to the accustomed maner Vpon the .ix. day of August A Proclamation agaynst purueyers Proclamation was made in dyuerse places of the Citie that none of the kings takers shoulde take any thing within the Citie without the will of the owner except two tunnes of Wine which the king accustomably had of euery shippe comming from Burdeaux paying but .xl. shillings for the tun By meanes of this Proclamation nothing was taken by the kings officers within the Citie and liberties of the same except readie payment were made in hande which vse continued not long â—…lifes and â—…er officers â—…nished The foresayde Iudges sitting on that maner at Saint Sauiours punished Baylifes and other officers very extreemely which were conuict afore them for diuerse trespasses and specially for taking of merciaments otherwise than law gaue them After this the same sir Hugh came vnto the Guyldhall and there sat in iudgement and kepte plees without order of law Bakers punished and contrarie to the liberties of the Citie Hee punished Bakers for lacke of true syze by the Tumbrell where before they were punished by the Pillorie Math. Paris The Poictouins suspected to haue poysoned the English Lordes and many other things he vsed after such maner more by wil than by any good order of law There was a bruyte raysed whether of truth or otherwise we leaue to the credit of the authors that the Poictouins had practised to poyson the most part of the English nobilitie In deede diuerse of them were grieuously tormented with a certaine disease of swelling and breaking oute some dyed and othersome right hardly escaped of which number the Earle of Gloucester was one who lay sicke a long time at Sonninge a place besydes Reading At length hee recouered but his brother William died of the same disease and vpon his deathbed layde the faulte to one Walter Scotenye as the occasioner of his death which afterwardes cost the sayde Walter hys lyfe For although he was one of the chiefe Counsaylours and Stewarde also to the sayde Earle of Gloucester yet beeing had in suspition and therevpon apprehended and charged wyth that cryme when in the yeare next following in Iune hee came to be arraigned at Winchester and put him selfe to bee tryed by a Iury Wiâ—…â—…ney 〈◊〉 and câ—… the same pronounced him guyltie and when those that were empaneled vpon that Iurie were asked by the Iudges howe they vnderstoode that hee shoulde bee guiltie they answered bycause that where the sayde Walter was neuer indebted that they could heare of eyther to William de Valence or to any of his brethren they were fully certified that he had of late receyued no small summe of money of the sayde de Valence for to poyson both his maister and other of the English nobilitie as was to be thought sithe there was no other apparant cause why he shoulde receyue such gyft at the handes of their enimie the sayde William de Valence He sâ—… and so was the sayde Walter executed at Winchester aforesayde 〈…〉 haâ—… 〈◊〉 The Haruest was very lace this yeare so
entred into the North parts of Vlnester with a great armie vpon the day of S. Augustine in May and afterwardes burnt Dundalke Hen. Marle Dundalk burnt and a great part of Vrgile The Irish men also burnt the Church of Athird Moreouer in the battaile of Comeran in Vlnester The battaile of Comeran Richard Erle of Vlnester fled and sir Richard Bourgh sir Iohn Mandeuile and sir Alane Fitz Waren were taken prisoners The Castell of Norbourgh was also taken and at Kenlis in Meth the Lorde Roger Mortimer was discomfited by the foresayde Edwarde Bruce and many of the sayde Sir Rogers men were slaine and taken Also in this .ix. yeare of king Edwards raigne before Christmasse a blasing starre or comet appeared in the north part of the Element by the space of a moneth togither A blasing star Dearth and death and after followed dearth and death as after shall appeare The decease of Guy Earle of Warwike Crokesden Guy Earle of Warwike a man of greate counsaile and skilfull prouidence departed thys life this yeare and was buryed at the Abbey of Bordisley About Mydsommer the Scottes entred eftsoones into Englande 1316 Rich. South doing much mischief with fire and sworde in like sort as they had vsed to do before time not sparing as some write so much as those houses wherein women lay in childbed At their comming to Richmont the Gentlemen of the Countrey that were got into the Castell to defende it compounded with the enimies for a great summe of money to spare the towne and countrey about it without doing further domage thereto at that iourney The Scottes hauing receiued the money â—…ned their march towarde the west partes anâ—â—neying .lx. miles came to Fourneys burninâ—… the Country there aboutes and tooke away 〈◊〉 them all the goodes and prisoners both men 〈◊〉 women which they might lay handes oâ—… 〈◊〉 returned reioysing most of such yron as the 〈◊〉 got in that iourney for they had great wâ—… Scotland of that kind of metall in those day 〈◊〉 The death by reason of the vnseasonable 〈◊〉 ther in the sommer and haruest last past Aâ—… 〈◊〉 The 〈…〉 sâ—… creased for that which with much adoe wâ—…â—…ned after when it came to the proufe yeeldeâ—… 〈◊〉 thing to the value of that which in sheafe iâ—…â—…med to conteyne so that wheat and other gâ—… was at a sore price before now was it enhaâ—… to a farre higher rate the scarcitie therof beâ—… great that a quarter of wheate was solde foâ—… 〈◊〉 which was a great price if we shall consiâ—… it alley of money then currant Also by reason of the murraine that fel aâ—… catel beefes muttons wer vnreasonably 〈◊〉 About this season the Lord HeÌ„rie Beaâ—… a man of high valiancie and noble corage 〈◊〉 gotteÌ„ togither a power of men entred into â—…land and after hee had taken great booâ—… 〈◊〉 spoyles in the Countrey The lâ—… 〈…〉 1317 he being intrapped by Iames Dowglas lost the most part of his 〈◊〉 togither with the pray which they had gotten The displeasure of these mishaps was â—…sed with the naughtie and bold presumption of sir Gilbert Middleton knight Lewes 〈◊〉 meâ—… 〈◊〉 by Sir Gâ—… Middâ—… who being offended y e master Lewes Beamont was preferred vnto the Bishops sea of Durham and Henrie Stâ—… put from it that was first elected and after displaced by the kings sute made vnto the Pope Caxton 〈◊〉 the sayd Lewes Beaumont and his brother HeÌ„rie on WinglesdoÌ„ Moore nere vnto Darington leading the Bishop to Morpath and his brother the Lorde Beaumont vnto the Castell of Misford and so deteyned them as prisoners till they had redeemed their libertie with great summes of money And herewith the saide sir Gilbert being aduaunced in pride Sir Gilâ—… Middâ—… proclâ—… himself 〈◊〉 proclamed himselfe Duke of Northumberlande and ioyning in friendshippe with the Scottishe king Robert Bruce cruelly destroyed the Countie of Richmont With such trayterous partes William FeltoÌ„ and Thomas Heton being not a little stirred first wan by force the Castel of Mytford and after apprehended sir Gilbert Middleton with his companion Walter Selbie and sent them vp to London where shortly after they were drawne hanged and quartered Some write that the sayde sir Gilbert was put to death for robbing two Cardinals to wit Garceâ—… and Fâ—… Cardiâ—… and Lucas Gancellino the Popes Chancellour and Lucas de Flisco that were sent froÌ„ Pope Iohn the .xxij. to consecrate the foresayde Lewes Beâ—… Bishop of Durham 〈◊〉 VVals and to entreate a peace betwixt the Realmes of Englande and Scotlande and also to make an agreement betwixt the king and the Earle of Lancaster The which being mette with vppon Wigilsdon Mâ—â—ried Yorkeshire by the sayde Gylbert â—…an â—…n were robbed of such stuffe and treasure as they brought wyth them but yet escaped themselues and came to Durham â—…dor and from thence sente Messengers vnto Robert Bruce to perswade him to some agreement But whereas he woulde not condiscende to any reasonable conditions of peace at that time they determined to goe into Scotlande to talke with him themselues but before they came to the Borders King Robert who iudged it not to stande with hys profite to haue any peace in that season sent certayne of his people to forbid the Cardinalles the entrie of hys Realme 〈◊〉 curse proâ—…ced aâ—…st the â—…es The Cardinals being thus iniuriously handled pronounced the Scottes by theyr legantine power accursed and enterdyted theyr whole Realme And bycause they sawe nothing lesse than anye hope to doe good with king Robert touching any composition or agreement to bee had they returned againe to the Pope wythoute any conclusion of that for the which they were sent â—…ch Southw After that Edwarde Bruce hadde atchieued such enterprises in other partes of Irelande as in the last yeare ye haue heard he went vnto Fenath and â—…o Skeres in Leynister and there the Lorde chiefe Iustice Edmonde Butler rose agaynst hym with the Lorde Iohn Fitz Thomas that was after Earle of Kildare Sir Arnolde Power and diuerse other with a great armie But by reason of discorde that chaunced amongst them they scaled theyr armie and departed out of the fielde on the .xxvi. daye of Februarie Edwarde Bruce then burned the Castell of Leys after returned into Vlnester he besieged the Castell of Knockfergus and slue Thomas Mandeuile and his brother Iohn at a place called Down as they came thither out of England After this the foresayde Edwarde returned into Scotlande In this season vyttayles were so scant and deare â—…itifull â—…e and wheate and other grayne brought to so high a price that the poore people were constrayned through famine to eate the fleshe of horses 〈◊〉 VVals â—…bian dogges and other vile beasts which is wonderfull to belieue and yet for default there dyed a great multitude of people in diuerse places of the land Fourepence in breade of the courser sort would not
Gourney who â—…ing 〈◊〉 Marcels three yeares after â—…g known 〈◊〉 and brought toward Englande was deheaded on the sea least hee shoulde â—…se the 〈…〉 as the Bishop and other Iohn Muttinees repenting himselfe lay long hidden 〈…〉 manie and in the ende died penitently Thus was king Edwarde â—…thered in the yeare 13â—…7 on the .xxij. of September The â—…e 〈◊〉 that by this Edwarde the seconde The fond opinion of the ignoraÌ„t people after his death manye myâ—…ses were wrought So that the like opinion of him was â—…eryâ—…s as before had beene of Earle Thomas of Lancaster namely amongst the common people He was knowne to bee of a good and â—…teons nature though not of moste pregnant 〈◊〉 The nature disposition of king Edwarde the seconde And alâ—…eâ—… 〈◊〉 youth 〈…〉 into certaine light â—…rymes 〈…〉 by the companie and counsaâ—…e of euill â—…on was â—…ndâ—…ed vnto more heyâ—… 〈…〉 thought that he purged the 〈◊〉 by repentance and paciently suffered many reproâ—…s and finally death it selfe as before yee haue hearde after a most cruell maner Hee had surely good cause to repent his former trade of syuing for by his indiscreete and wanton â—…uernance there were headed and put to death during his raigne by iudgement of law to the nuÌ„ber of .xxviij. barons and knights ouer and beside such as were slaine in Scotlande by hys infortunate conduct And all these mischiefes and many mor happened not only to him but also to the whole state of the realm in that he wanted iudgement and prudent discretion to make choyse of sage and discrete counsaylers receyuing those into his fauour that abused the same to their pryuate gaine and aduantage not respecting the aduancement of the common wealth so they themselues might attaine to riches and honour for which they onely sought insomuch that by theyr couetous rapine spoyle and immoderate ambition the heartes of the common people and nobilitie were quite estraunged from the dutifull loue and obedience which they ought to haue shewed to their soueraigne going about by force to wrasâ—… him to follow theyr willes and to seeke the destruction of them whom he commonly fauoured wherein surely they were worthie of blame and to taste as manye of them did the deserued punishment for theyr disobedient and disloyall demeanors For it was not the way whiche they tooke to helpe the disfigured state of the common wealth but rather the readie meane to ouerthrow all as if Gods goodnesse had not beene the greater it must needs haue come to passe as to those that shall well consider the pitifull tragedie of this kings tyme it may well appeare But now to proceed with that which remaineth touching this infortunate Prince â–ª Hee had issue by his wife Queene Isabell His issue two sonnes Edward which was made king whilest he was yet aliue and Iohn whiche dyed yong also two daughters Eleanore which died before she came to yeares able for mariage and Ioan which was after giueÌ„ in mariage vnto Dauid king of Scotlande He was indifferently tall of stature strong of bodie and healthfull neither wanted there in him stoutnesse of stomake if his euill counsaylers had bene remoued that he might haue shewed it in honourable exploytes which being kept backe by them he coulde not doe so that thereby it appeareth of what importance it is to be trayned vp in youth with good and honest companie It is sayd that he was learned insomuch that there remaine verses which as some haue written he made whilest he was in prison Certaine it is he fauoured learning as by the erection of Oriall Colledge in Oxford Oryall and S. Marie hall in Oxford and S. Maries Hall which were of his foundation it may well bee gathered Ex centuria 4. Bale Learned men we finde recorded by Bale to liue in this kings time these as follow Iohn Dâ—…ns that subtill Logitian borne as Lelande hath gathered in a village in Northumberlande called Emyldun three myles distant from 〈◊〉 wike although other hold the coÌ„trarie 〈…〉 clayming him for theyr countreymen 〈…〉 Irishe men for theirs Robert Waâ—… 〈◊〉 Eâ—…lite Frier that wâ—…iâ—… diuerse 〈…〉 Wilton an Augustine Friers 〈…〉 borne Raâ—…fe Locksley Nicholas 〈…〉 William Whitley Thomas Ioyâ—… 〈◊〉 Ioyceâ—… William Gaynesburg â–ª Robert Bâ—… borne not farre from Notingham 〈…〉 Frier of Scarbourgh the same whome king â—…warde tooke with him into Scotlande to 〈◊〉 some remeÌ„brances of his victories although being taken by the Scottes Soâ—… in Sâ—…lande Pâ—… he was constrâ—… 〈◊〉 Robert Brâ—… to frame a dittie to 〈…〉 time Iohn Horminger a Suffolke was 〈◊〉 William Rishanger a Monke of S. 〈…〉 Historiographer â–ª Ranfe Baldocke 〈◊〉 London wrote also an Historie which was 〈◊〉 â—…tuled Historia Anglica Richard Bâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…colnshire man borne a Carmelite Frier 〈◊〉 Walsingham borne either in Walsingham 〈◊〉 Brunham as Bale supposeth a Carmelite 〈◊〉 also and wrote diuerse treatises Thomas â—…ham a Cauoâ—… Salisburie and a 〈…〉 â—…initio Robert Plunpton borne in 〈◊〉 a regular Chanonâ—… Thomas Caâ—… 〈◊〉 of Pontfret William Mansfield Iohn 〈◊〉 Robert 〈◊〉 William Askattle of Beâ—… Gaffrey of 〈◊〉 Iohn Gatisdene â–ª Tâ—… Angliens StepheÌ„â—…ton or Edâ—… Iohn â—…stone borne in Yorkeshire Iohn Wâ—… Nicholas de Lira Iewe by byrth of those 〈◊〉 had their habitatioÌ„s in England who 〈◊〉 â—…ree many treatises to his great commeÌ„dation for his singuler knowlege and zeale which 〈…〉 in disprouing the Rabines that styll sought to keepe the Iewish nation in blindnesse and 〈◊〉 hope in looking for another Messias Raâ—…â—…ton an excellent diuine Iohn Dumbleton a â—…gitian Thomas Langford borne in Mâ—… Essex Osbert Pyckertam a Carmelite Frier of Lyn in Norffolke Nicholas Oheâ—… 〈…〉 Frier William Ocham a Frier Minor 〈◊〉 wrote diuerse treatises namely against Iohn Duns and likewise against Iohn the 〈…〉 of that name in fauour of the Emperour Lewes of Bauier Richard Walingford Thomas â—…wood a CanoÌ„ of Leedes in Kent wrote a Chronicle called Chronicon CampendiariuÌ„ Robert â—…rew Robert Perserutator borne in Yorkeshire a black Frier a Philosopher or rather a Magâ—… Richarde Belgrane a Carmelite Brinkley a minorite and others King Edward the thirde â—…dward â—…e 3. EDwarde the thirde of that name the sonne of Edwarde the seconde and of Isabell the onelye daughter of Philip le Beau and sister to Charles the fifth king of Fraunce began his raigne as king of England his father yet liuing the .xxv. day of Ianuarie after the creation .5292 in the yeare of our Lorde .1327 after the account of them that beginne the yeare at Christmasse 867. after the comming of the Saxons 260. after the conquest the .13 yeare of the raigne of Lewes the fourth then Emperor the seuenth of Charles the fift king of Fraunce the secoÌ„d of Andronicus Iunior Emperor of the East almost ended and about the end of the .22 of Robert le Bruce king of Scotland as Wil. Harison in his Chronologie hath diligently recorded He was crowned at Westminster on the day of
In his place was sent sir Iohn Herleston to remayne vppon the garde of that Castel Also sir Hugh Caluerley deputy of Calais that had so valiantly borne himselfe against the Frenchmenne was likewise discharged and comming home was made Admirall being ioyned in commission in that office with sir Thomas Percy Sir William Mountague Earle of Salisbury was sent ouer to Calais to bee the Kinges Lieutenaunte there who shortly after his comming thither fetched a great bootie of cattell out of the enimies countrey adioyning so that Calais was furnished with no small number of the same Sir Hugh Caluerley and sir Thomas Percy going to Sea tooke seauen Shippes laden with merchandise and one Shippe of warre The Archbishop of Cassils in Irelande returning from Rome broughte with him large authoritie of binding and loosing graÌ„ted to him by Pope Vrbane in fauour of whome at his comming to London in a Sermon which he preached he declared to the people howe the Frenche King holding with the Antipape Clemente was denounced accursed and shâ—… now was the time for Englishmen to make war in France hauing such occasion as greater câ—… not bee offered specially sith it was like that the excommunicated King should haue no courage to make resistance In a ParliameÌ„t holden at Westminster thys yeare after Easter it was ordeyned The Saâ—…ry aâ—… Westminster confirmed by Parliaments that the priuiledges and immunities of the Abbey of Westminster should remaine whole and inuiolate but yet there was a prouiso against those that tooke Sainctuarie with purpose to defraude their creditours that their landes and goodes shoulde bee aunswerable to the discharging of their debtes In y e same Parliament was granted to the K. a subsedie to be leuied of the great men of y e land A subsedâ—… 〈◊〉 be payd by the greate men and the commâ—… 〈◊〉 To the ende the commons might be spared the Dukes of Lancaster and Britaine paide twentie markes euery Earle sixe markes Bishoppes and Abbots with miters asmuch and for euery MoÌ„ke three shillings foure pence also euery Iustice Sherife Knighte Esquier Parson Vicar and Chapleyne were charged after a certayne rate but not any of the commons that were of the laytie Ye haue hearde how sir Iohn Harleston was sent to Chierburg as Captayne of that fortresse An. reg â—… A notable â—…ployâ—… done by sir Iohn Harlaston who issuing abroade one day with such power as he might take foorth leauing the fortresse furnished came to a place where within a Church and in a mille the frenchmeÌ„ had layde vp as in store-houses a great quantitie of vittailes for prouision which Church and Mille the Englishmenne assaulted so vigorously that notwithstandyng there were within a good number of the enimies that did their best to defende themselues yet at length they were taken and sir Iohn Harleston with his company returned with the vittayles towarde Chierburg but by the way they were encountred by one Sir William de Boundes whome the Frenche King had appoynted to bee in Mont Burg with a strong power of men of warre to countergarison Chierburg here câ—…d a sore coÌ„flict and many an hardy man was beateÌ„ to the ground And although at the first it seemed that the Englishmen were ouermatched in number yet they stucke to it manfully Theyr Captayne sir Iohn Harleston fighting in the foremost presse was felled and lay on the gâ—… at his enimies feete in great hazard of death The Englishmen neuerthelesse continue the fyghte till at length sir Geffrey Worsley with a wing of armed footemen with axes came to the rescue for to that ende hee was left behinde of purpose to come to their ayde if neede required with whose comming the Frenchmen were so hardly handled that to conclude they were broken in sunder beaten downe and wholly vanquished there were of them slayne aboue sixe score and as many taken prisoners among whiche number was their chiefe Capitayne Sir William de Bourdes taken and brought to Chierburg with the residue and there put in safekeeping Thys exployt was archieued by the Englishmenne on S. Martins day in winter in this third yeare of King Richard his raigne but least any ioy shuld come to the English people in that season without some mixture of grief Sir Iohn Clearke a valiant Captayne one sir Iohn Clearke a righte valiaunt Knighte and fellow in armes with sir Hugh Caluerley chaunced this yeare to lye in garrison in a Castell in Britaine where was an hauen and diuers Englishe Shippes lying in the same whereof the frenche galeys beeing aduertised came thither to set those Shippes on fyre appoynting one of their galleys firste to attempt the feate and if fortune so woulde to trayne the Englishmen foorthe A Policie till they shoulde fall into the lappes of foure other galleys whyche they layde as it had bin in ambushe and as the enimies wished so it came to passe for the Englishmen perceyning their vessels in daunger to be brent of the enimies ranne euery man aboorde to saue the Shippes and goodes within them and amongst the rest Sir Iohn Clearke their Captayne meaning to take such part as his men did got aboorde also and streight falling in pursute of the galley that withdrewe for the purpose aforesayd the Englishmen were shortly enclosed with the other galleys before they were aware not knowing what shift to make to auoyde the present daunger Sir Iohn Clearke perceyuing howe the case stoode layde about him like a Gyant causing his company still to drawe backe agayne whilest he resisting the enimies did shewe such proofe of his valiancie that they were much astonished therewith To be short he so manfully behaued himselfe that the most parte of his company had time to recouer land but when hee that had thus preserued others shoulde leape forthe of the Shippe to saue him selfe he was striken in the thigh with an axe that down he fell and so came into the enimies hands being not able to recouer that hurt for his thigh was almost quite cut off from the body so that hee dyed of that and other hurtes presently leauing a remembrance behinde him of many worthy actes through his valiancie atchieued to his high prayse and great commendation The Barke of Yorke was also lost the same time beeing a proper vessell and nowe taken suddaynely sanke with all that were aboorde in hir both Englishmen and the enimies also that were entred into hir thinking to carrie hir away Aboute the same time the Duke of Britayne returning into his countrey vnder the conduit of Sir Thomas Percy and Sir Hugh Caluerley landed at a Hauen not farre from Saint Malo the fourth daye of August beeing receyued with vnspeakeable ioy of the Britaynes as wel lords as commons so that the louing harts which they bare towards him might well appeare although the loue which he bare to the Kyng of England had caused his subiects in fauoure of Fraunce to keepe him many yeares forth of his Dukedome The
as be thought expedient but yet in the Parliament holdeÌ„ in the xxj yere of this kings raigne the act of atteynder of the sayd sir Simon was repealed and at an other Parliament holden in the seconde yeare of king Henrie the fourth all his landes which then remayned vngraunted and vnsold were restored to sir Iohn Burley knight son heyre of sir Roger Burley brother to the sayd Simon of whom lineally is discended Thomas Eyns Esquier now Secretarie to the Queenes Mai. counsaile in the north parts And thus far touching sir Simon Burley of whom many reports went of his disloyall dealings towardes the state as partly ye haue heard but how truely the Lorde knoweth Among other slaunderous tales that were spredde abrode of him one was that he consented to the deliuering of Douer Castell by the kings appoyntment vnto the Frenchmen for money But as this was a thing not like to be true so no doubt many things that the persons aforesayde which were executed had bin charged with at the least by common report among the people were nothing true at al although happely the substaÌ„ce of those things for which they died might be true in some respect Sir William Elmham that was charged also for the withdrawing the souldiers wages discharged himselfe thereof and of all other thinges that mighte bee layde to hys charge As touching the Iustices Graften they were all condemned to death by the Parliament but suche meanes was made for them vnto the Queene The iustices condemned to perpetual exile that the obteined pardon for their liues But they forfeyted theyr landes and goodes and were appoynted to remayne in perpetuall exile with a certaine portion of Money to them assigned for theyr dayly sustentation the names of whiche Iustices so condemned to exile were these Robert Belknap Iohn Holt Iohn Cray Roger Fulthorpe William Burgh and Iohn Lokton Finally in this Parliament was an othe required and obteyned of the king that hee shoulde stand vnto and abide such rule and order as the Lordes shoulde take The K. taketh an oth to performe the lords orders and this othe was not requyred onely of the king but also of all the Inhabitantes of the realme In these troubles was the realme of England in these dayes and the king brought into that case that hee â—…ed not but was ruled by hys vncles and other to theâ—… associate In the latter ende of this eleuenth yeare was the Erle of Arundell sent to the sea with a greate nauie of ships and men of war The erle of Arundel sent to the sea with a great Nauie 〈◊〉 ayde of the Duke of Britaine There went with him in this iorney of noble men the Erle of Notingham and Deuonshire sir Thomas Percy the Lorde Clifford the L. Camois sir William ElmhaÌ„ sir Thomas Morieux sir Iohn Danbreticourt sir William Shelley sir Iohn Warwike or Barwike sir Stephen de Libery sir Robert Sere sir Peter Montberie Peraduenter Maluere it may be Mongomery sir Lewes Clanbow sir Thomas Coq or Cooke sir William Pauley or Paulet and diuerse others They wer a thousande men of armes and three thousande archers The purpose for which they were sent was to haue ayded the duke of Brytaine if he woulde haue receyued them being then eftsoones run into the French kings displeasure for the imprisoning of the Lord Clisson Conestable of Fraunce But after that contrary to expectation An. reg 12. the duke of Brytain was come to an agreemeÌ„t with the French king the Erle of Arundell drew with his nauie alongst the coastes of Poictou Xaintonge till at length hee arriued in the hauen that goeth vp to Rochell and landed with his men at Marraunt foure leagues from Rochelle and beganne to pilfre spoyle and fetche booties abrode in the Countrey The French menne within Rochelle issued forth to skirmish with the English men but they were easily put to flight and followed euen to the barriers of the gates of Rochel Perot le Bernois a captaine of Gascoine that made warre for the king of England in Lymosin and lay in the fortresse of Galuset came forth the same time and made a road into Berry with foure C. speares The Erle of Arundel returneth out of Fraunce The Earle of Arundell after hee had layne at Marrant .xv. dayes returned to his shippes and finally came backe into Englande and Perot le Bernois likewise returned to his fortresse About the same time was a truce taken betwixte the parties Englishe and Frenche on the marches of Aquitaine to beginne the first day of August and to endure till the first of May nexte ensuing An ouerthrow giuen to the Englishemen by to Scots at Otterborne This yeare in August the Scots inuaded the Countrey of Northumberlande and at Otterburne ouerthrew a power of Englishmen which the Earle of Northumberlande and his sonnes had leuied against them In this battaile the Erle Dowglas chiefe of that armie of Scottes was slaine and the Lord Henrie Percy his brother sir Raufe sonnes to the sayd Erle of Northumberland were taken prisoners as in the Scottish Chronicles ye may read more at large Fabian After the feast of the Natiuitie of our Ladie a Parliament was holden at Cambridge Caxton A parliament at Cambridge in the which diuerse new statutes were ordeyned as for the limiting of seruants wages of punishment of vagarant persons for the inhibiting of certain persons to weare weapon for the debarring of vnlawfull games for maintenaunce of shooting in the long bow for remoouing of the Staple of woolles from Middleburgh vnto Calays for labourers not to be receyued but where they are inhabiting except with licence vnder Seale of the hundred where they dwell There was also an act made that none should goe forth of the realme to purchase any benefice with cure or without cure except by licence obteyned of the king and if they did contrarie herevnto they were to be excluded out of the Kings protection There was graunted to the king in this Parliament a tenth to be leuied of the Clergie and a fiftenth of the laitie Moreouer during the time of this ParliameÌ„t Sir Thomas Triuet slayne with thâ—… fall of his horse as sir Thomas Triuet was ryding towards Barnewel with the king where the king lodged by forcing his horse too muche with the spurres the horse fell with him so rudely to the grounde that his intrailes within him were so burst and perished that he dyed the next day after Many reioyced at this mans death as well for that menne iudged him to be exceeding bawtie and prowde as also for that he was suspected not to haue dealt iustly with the Bishop of Norwiche in the iourney whiche the Bishoppe made into Flaunders but specially men hadde an euil opinion of him for that hee stoode with the king agaynste the Lordes counsayling him in the yeare last paste to dispatche them oute of the way Sir Iohn Hollande the kings
and as it hath bin reported he enformed the king whether truly or not I haue not to say that the duke franâ—…ly confessed euery thing wherwith he was charged Wherevpon the King sent vnto Thomas Mowbray Erle Marshall and of Notingham to make the Duke secretly away The Earle prolonged tyme for the executing of the kings coÌ„mandement though the K. wold haue had it done with all expedition whereby the King conceiued no small displeasure and â—…rare that it should cost the Earle his life if he quickly obeyed not his commaundement The Earle thus as it seemed in 〈…〉 called 〈◊〉 the Duke at midnight as if he should haue taken shippe to passe ouer into England and there in the lodging called the Priâ—… on Iune he raâ—…sed his seruantes to cast fâ—…ther â—…des vpon hym â–ª and so to smoother him for death or otherwyse tâ—… strangle him with towels as some write This was the ende of that noble man â—…e of nature hastye wyfull and giuen more to warre than to peace and in this greatly to bee discoÌ„mended that he was euer repining against the king in all things whatsoeuer he wished to haue forward He was thus made away not so soon as the brute ran of his death but as it shuld appeare by some authors he remained alyue till the parliament that next ensued and then about the same time that the Erle of Arundell suffred he was dispatched as before ye haue heard His bodie was afterwardes with all funerall pompe conueyd into England and buryed at his owne manour of Plashy within the church there In a sepulchre whiche he in his life tyme had caused to he made and there erected The same euening that the K. departed from London towardes Plashye to apprehende the Duke of Gloucester The Earle of â—…all appreed the Erle of Rutlande and the Erle of Kent were sent with a greate number of men of armes archers to arrest the Erle of Arundell whiche was done easily inough by reason that the sayde Earle was trayned wyth fayre wordes at the kings handes till hee was within his daunger where otherwyse he mighte haue bin hable to haue saued hymselfe and deliuered his frendes The Earle of Warwike was taken and coÌ„mitted to the Tower the same day that the King hadde willed hym to dinner and shewed him verie good countenaunce There were also apprehended and committed to the Tower the same tyme the Lorde Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheyny knightes The Earle of Arundell was sente to the Isle of Wight there to remayne as prisoner till the next parliament in the whiche he determined so to prouide that they shoulde bee all condemned and put to death And for doubt of some commotion that might aryse amoÌ„gst the commons he caused it by open proclamation to be signified that these noble men were not apprehended for any offence committed long agone but for newe trespasses agaynst the kyng as in the next ParliameÌ„t it shuld be manifestly declared proued Shortly after he procured them to be indited at Notingham suborning suche as should appeale them in parliament The â—…es of â—…e appeâ—…nts to wit Edward erle of Rutlande Thomas Mowbray Erle Marshal Thomas Holland erle of Kent Iohn Holland Erle of â—…ngton 〈…〉 Boâ—… Erle of â—…set Iohn 〈◊〉 Earle of Salisbury Thomas Lorde Speâ—… and the Lorde William Sâ—…ropâ—… Lorde Câ—…berlaine In the meane tyme the King â—…earing what mighte he attempted against 〈◊〉 by those tâ—… fauoured these noblemen thâ—… 〈…〉 sent forâ—… power of Cheshire 〈◊〉 that mighte day and nighte keepe watch 〈◊〉 warde about his person A garde of Cheshire men about the king They were aboute .ij. thousand archers payde weekely as by the Annales of Britayne 〈◊〉 appeareth The King had â—…ttle trust in any of the nobilitie except in hâ—… brother the eldâ—… of Huntington and the Earleâ—… of Rutlandâ—… son to the duke of Yorke and in the Earle of Salusburye in these onely he reposeâ—… a confidence and not in any other except a certain knightes and gentlemen of his priuie chamber In the meane tyme whyles thinges were thus in broyâ—…e before the beginning of the parliament diuers other besyde them whom we haue spoâ—… of were apprehended and put in sundry prisons The Parliament was summoned to begin at Westminster the xvij of September The lordes appoynted to come in vvarlike manner to the parliament and writtes therevpon directed to euery of the Lordes to appeare and to bring with them a sufficient nuÌ„ber of armed men and archers in their best aray for it was not knowen how the Dukes of Lancaster and Yorke would take the death of their brother nor howe other peares of the Realme would take the apprehension and imprisonment of their kynsemen the Earles of Arundell and Warwicke and of the other prisoners Surely the two Dukes when they heard that their brother was so sodainly made away Polidor they will not what to saye to the matter and beganne bothe to be sorowfull for his death and doubtefull of their owne states for sith they sawe howe the Kyng abused by the counsell of euill men absteyned not from suche an heynous acte they thought he would afterwardes attempte greater my sorders from tyme to tyme. Therefore they assembled in all haste greate numbers of theyr seruauntes frendes and tenauntes The Dukes of Lancaster and Yorke assemble their povvers to resiste the Kings dealings and commyng to London were receyued into the Citie For the Londoners were ryghte sorye for the death of the Duke of Gloucester who hadde euer sought their fauour in somuche that now they woulde haue bin contented to haue ioyned with the Dukes in seeking reuenge of so noble a mannes death procured and broughte to passe without lawe or reason as the common bruite then walked although peraduenture he was not as yet made awaye Heere the Dukes and other fell in counsell manie thinges were proponed some wold that they should by force reuenge the duke of Gloucesters death other thought it mere y t the Erles Marshall and Huntington and certaine others as chiefe authours of all the mischiefe shoulde be pursued and punished for their demerites hauing trayned vp the king in vice and euill customes euen from his youth But the dukes after their displeasure was somewhat assuaged determined to couer the stinges of their griefs for a tyme and if the king would amende his maners to forget also the iniuries past In the meane time the K. lay at Eltham Caxton Fabian Polidor and had got about him a greate power namely of those archers which he hadde sent for out of Cheshyre in whome he put a singular trust more than in any other There went messengers betwixt him and the Dukes whiche beeing men of honour did theyr endeuor to appease both parties The Kyng discharged himselfe of blame for the duke of Gloucesters death considering that he had gone about to breake the truce whiche he had taken with France and also stirred the people of
honorably enterteined vvith the french king and him honorably interteined in so much that he had by fauor obteyned in mariage the only daughter of y e duke of Berry vncle to the frenche K. if King Richard had not bin a let in that matter who being thereof certified sent the earle of Salisbury with all speede into France Froissart both to surmise by vntrue suggestion hainous offences against him and also to require the frenche King that in no wise hee woulde suffer his cousin to bee matched in mariage with him that was so manifest an offendor On Neweyeares day this yeare 1399 the riuer that passeth betwixte Suelleston or Snelston and Harewood twoo villages not farre from Bedforde sodeinly ceassed hir course so as the chanell remained drie by the space of three miles that any man might enter into and passe the same drie foote at his plesure This deuision whiche the water made in that place the one part seeming as it were not to come nere to the other was iudged to signifie the reuolting of the subiectes of this land from their naturall Prince althoughe it may be that the water of that riuer sanke into the ground and by some secrete passage or chanell tooke course till it came to the place where it might rise again as in other places is likewise seene Ye haue heard before howe the Archebishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel was banished the Realme Fabian Roger Walden was made Archbishop of that see who was a greate fauourer of the citie of London the which was eftsoones about this season falne into the kings displeasure but by the diligente labour of this Archebishop and of Roberte Braybrooke then bishop of London vpon the humble supplication of the citizens the kings wrathe was pacified Blanke charters But yet to content the kings mind many blanke charters were deuised and brought into the citie which many of the substanciall welthie citizens were fayne to seale to their greate chardge as in the ende appeared And the like charters were sent abroad into al shires within the realme wherby greate grudge and murmuring arose among the people for when they were so sealed the kings officers wrote in the same what liked them as well for charging the parties with payment of money as otherwise The deathe of â—…e duke of Lancaster In this meane time the duke of Lancaster departed out of this life at the bishop of Elies place in Holborne and lieth buryed in the cathedrall churche of S. Paule in London on the North side of the highe Aulter by the Lady Blaunche his firste wife The death of this duke gaue occasion of encreasing more hatred in the people of this realm towarde the king for he seased into his handes all the goods that belonged to hym and also receyued all the rents and reuenues of his landes whiche ought to haue discended vnto the duke of Hereforde by lawfull inheritaunce in reuoking his letters patents which he had graunted to him before Thom VVal. by vertue wherof he might make his attorneis generall to sue liuery for hym of any maner of inheritaunces or possessions that myghte from thenceforthe fall vnto hym and that hys homage myghte bee respited wyth making reasonable fine wherby it was euident that the king ment his vtter vnâ—… 〈◊〉 Thys hards dealing was muche myâ—… of all the nobilitie and cried out against of the meaner sorte But namely the Duke of Yorke was therewyth sore amoued who before this time had borne things with so pacient a 〈◊〉 as he could though the same touched him 〈◊〉 neare as the death of his brother the Duke of Gloucester the banishment of hys nephâ—… the said duke of Hereford and other mo iniuries 〈◊〉 greate number which for the slippery youth of the king hee passed ouer for the tyme and did forget aswell as he might But now perceiuing that neither law 〈◊〉 nor equitie could take place where the kinges wilful wil was bent vpon any wrongfull purpose he considered that the glorie of the 〈◊〉 wealthe of his countrey must needes decay by reason o the king his lacke of witte and want of suche as would without flattery admonish hym of hys duty and therefore hee thought it the parte of a wise man to get hym in time to a resting place and to leaue the followyng of suche an vnaduised capitaine as wyth a leaders sworde would cut his owne throate Herevpon he wyth the duke of Aumarle his sonne went to his house at Langley The duke of York mistaketh the court and goeth 〈◊〉 reioicing that nothing had mishappened in the common wealthe throughe his deuise or consent The realme let to ferme by the Kyng The common brute â—…anne that the kyng had sette to ferme the realme of England vnto sir Wylliam Scrope Earle of Wiltshire and then treasourer of Englande to sir Iohn Bushy Syr Iohn Bagot and sir Henry Greene Knights Aboute the same time the Earle of Arundels sonne named Thomas whiche was kept in the duke of Exeters house escaped out of the realme by meanes of one Willyam Scot meecer and went to his vncle Thomas Arundell late Archbishop of Canterbury as then soiorning at Coleyn King Richarde beeing destitute of treasure to furnishe suche a Princely porte as he mainteined Tho. VVals borrowed greate summes of money of many of the greate Lordes and Peeres of hys realme both spiritual and temporall and likewise of other meane persones promysing them in good earnest by deliuering to them his letters patentes for assuraunce that hee woulde repay the money so borrowed at a day appointed which notwithstanding he neuer payd Moreoreouer Nevve â—…actionâ—… this yere he caused .xvij. shires of the realme by way of putting theÌ„ to their fines to pay no smal suÌ„mes of money for redeeming their offeÌ„ces that they had aided y e duke of Gloucester the erles of Arudel Warwik wheÌ„ theâ—… rose in armor against him The nobles gentlemeÌ„ and commons of those shires were enforced also to receiue a newe othe to assure the king of their fidelitie in time to come The 〈◊〉 of 〈…〉 vvas 〈◊〉 plâ—…ce 〈◊〉 vvere to 〈◊〉 the King vvithall but the same displeâ—… many that vvas that conâ—…d to pay against their vvâ—…es and withall certaine prelates and other honorable persoâ—…ges were sent into the same shites to persuade men to this payment and to see thinges ordered at the pleasure of the Prince and surely the â—…nes whiche the nobles and other the meaner estates of those shires were constrayned to pay were not small but exceeding greate to the offence of many Moreouer the kings letters pâ—…coâ—…tes were sent into euery shire within this land by vertue whereof The people coÌ„â—… their othe 〈◊〉 alegeaâ—…nce by vvriting â—…ed an othe was demaunded of all the kings liege people for a further assuraunce of their due obedience and they were consterined to ratifie the same in writing vnder their handes and seales Moreouer they
bootie of beasts and cattaile he returned The Emperor of Constantinople comming into England to sue for aide against y e Turkes The Emperor of Constantinople câ—… into England was met by the K. on blacke heath vpon y e feast day of S. Thomas the Apostle broughte vnto London with great honor The K. bare all hys charges presenting him with giftes at his departure meete for such an estate After y e feast of the Epiphanie 1401 a Parliamente was holdeÌ„ in which an Acte was made A parliament agaynst those y t held opinions in religion contrary to the receiued doctrine of the Church of Rome ordeyning y t wheresoeuer any of theÌ„ were found and proued to set forth such doctrine they shoulde bee appreheÌ„ded deliuered to y e B. their dyocefane if they stood stiffely in their opinioÌ„s and would not be reformed they should be deliuered to y e secular power to be brent to ashes The first y t tasted the smart of this Statute was one Wilâ—… Hawtree or Sawtree a priest One brench Smithfield y e being appreheÌ„ded was breÌ„t in Smithfield in time of this Parliament About the same time K. Henry according to promise made as ye haue heard Additionâ—… the châ—… of Flaâ—… vnto the French Ambassadors sente ouer into the Countrey of Guisnes Edward Earle of Rutland otherwise in king Richards dayes entituled Duke of Aumarle sonne to Edmond Duke of Yorke There waâ—… also the Eâ—… Deuâ—… Froiâ—… Elieâ—…ck Froâ—… HeÌ„ry Earle of Northumberlande and his sonne the Lord Henry Percy the Lord Yuan Fitzwaren the Bishops of Winchester and Lincolne where the Duke of Burbon the Lordes Charles d Albert Charles de Hangest CoÌ„missioners 〈…〉 treate 〈◊〉 peace Iohn de Chastelmorant the Patriarke of Ierusalem and the Byshops of Paris and Beauuois were ready there to commune with them and so they assemblyng togither at sundry tymes and places the French men required to haue Queene Isabell to them restored but the Englishmen seemed loth to departe with hir requiring to haue hir married to Henry Prince of Wales one in bloud and age in all things to hir equall but the French â—…e woulde in no wise condiscende thereto wiâ—…te their Kings consente The frenche â—…ng â—…abled 〈◊〉 â—…ensâ—… who at that presente was not in case to vtter his mind being troubled with his wonted disease The commissioners then began to treate of peace and at length renewed the truce to endure for sixe and twentie yeares yet to come â—…or 25. â—…res wherevnto the foure yeares passed beeyng added made vp the number of thirtie yeares according to the conclusion agreed vpon in the life time of King Richard Eâ—… Some Authors affirme that ther was a new league concluded to continue during the lyues of both the Princes The frenchemen demauÌ„de 〈◊〉 for Queene Isabel The Frenchmenne dyuers times required to haue some dower assigned forth for Queene Isabell but that was at all times vtterly denyed for that the marriage betwixte hir and King Richard was neuer consummate by reason whereof she was not dowable Neuerthelesse shee was shortly after sente home vnder the conduct of the Earle of Worcester associate with dyuers other noble and honorable personages both men and women hauing with hir all the iewels ornameÌ„ts and plate which she brought into England with a great surphisage besides Additions of the Chro. of â—…rs â—…he is deliueâ—…â—…me giuen to hir by the King She was delyuered betwixte Bulloigne and Calais vnto Valeran Earle of S. Pol the French Kings Lieutenant in Picardie who being accompanyed with the Byshop of Chartres the Lord de Hugueuile the Lady of Monpensier sister to the Earle of Marche the Lady of Lucenburgh sister to the saide Earle of S. Pol and diuers other Ladyes and Gentlewomenne whiche receyued hir with greate ioy and gladnesse and taking leaue of the Englishe Lordes and Ladies they conueyed hir vnto the Dukes of Burgoigne and Burhunne that attended for hir not far off vpon a hill with a great number of people They first conueyed hir to Bulleigne and after to Abuile froÌ„ whence the Duke of Orleyaunce conueyed hir to Paris She is conueied to Paris vnto the presence of the K. hir father Hir seconde marriage and the Q. hir mother She was after giuen in marriage vnto Charles son to Lewis Duke of Orleaunce About the same time An. reg 3. Owen Glendower The daunger of the king to haue bene destroyed Owen Gleindouer and his Welchmen did much hurt to the Kings subiects One night as the King was going to bed he was in danger to haue bin destroyed for some naughtie traiterous persons hadde conueyed into his bed a certaine iron made with smithes crafte like a Caltroppe with three long prickes sharpe and small standing vpright in sort that when he had laid him downe and that the weighte of hys body should come vpon the bed he shuld haue bin thrust in with those prickes and peraduenture slayne but as God would the K. not thinking of any such thing chanced yet to feele and perceyue the instrument before he layde him downe and so escaped the daunger About Whâ—…tfontide a conspiracie was deuised by certayne persons that wished the Kings deathe A brute was spred abrode that K. Rich. was liuing mainteyning and bruting abroade that King Richarde was aliue and therefore exhorted men to stand with him for shortly he would come to light and reward such as tooke hys part with iust recopence herewith there was a priest takeÌ„ at Ware A priest taken or as some bookes haue at Warwike who had a Kalender or rolle in whyche a great number of names were written moe than were in any wise giltie to the fact as afterwards appeared by the same priests confession for being examined whether he knew such persons as hee had so enrolled were there present before him he sayd he neuer knewe them at all and beeyng demaunded wherefore hee had then so recorded their names he aunswered bycause hee thoughte they would gladly doe what mischief they could against King Henry vpon any occasion offered in reuenge of the iniuries done to King Richarde by whome they had bin aduaunced and princely preferred When therefore there appeared no more credite in the man he was condemned He is executed drawen hanged and quartered and dyuers that had bin appreheÌ„ded about that matter were releassed The Priour of Launde apprehended and set at libertie Shortly after y e Prior of Launde who for his euill gouernemement had bin depriued of his state and dignitie was likewise executed not for attempting any thing of himselfe but only for that he confessed that he knew euill counsaile and concealed it His name was Walter Baldocke a Chanon sometyme in Dunstable and by King Richarde promoted to the Priorship of Laund Grey Friers apprehended Also the same time certayne grey Friers were apprehended for treason which they had deuised to
enimies whereas he aduenturing so farre from his companie to kill and slea his aduersaryes The Earle of Warwicke slaine that hee coulde not bee reskued was amongest the preasse of his enimyes striken downe and slaine The Marques Montacute thinking to succour his brother The Marques Montacute slayne was likewise ouerthrowne and slain with many other of good calling as knights and Esquiers beside other Gentlemen Some write that this battaile was so driuen to the vttermost point that king Edward himselfe was constrained to fight in his own person and that the Erle of Warwike which was wont euer to ride on horsbacke from place to place and from ranke to ranke comforting his men was now aduised by y e Marques his brother to leaue his horse and to trie the extremitie by hand strokes The number slaine at Berâ—…ld On both parties were slaine as Hall hath ten thousande at the least where Fabian sayth but .xv. C. and somewhat aboue Other wryte that there dyed in all about three thousand Vpon the kings part were slaine the Lorde Crumwell the Lord Say the Lorde Montioys sonne and heyre sir Humfrey Bourchier sonne to the L. Berners diuerse other knights esquiers and gentlemen The battaile dured the space of three houres very doubtfull by reason of the mist in skirmishing and fighting now in this place now in that but finally the victorie fell on the Kings side and yet it could not bee esteemed that his whole armie passed nine thousande fighting men as some wryte where his aduersaryes as by the same wryters appeareth were farre aboue that number But bycause those that so wryte seeme altogyther to fauour King Edwarde we may beleue as we list The Duke of Somerset and the Earle of Oxforde fledde in companie of certaine Northren menne whiche hadde beene at the battayle The Duke of Sommerset the Erle of Oxford and as some wryte the Earle of Oxford kepte forth wyth them and retyred after into Scotlande but yet as well the Duke of Somerset as the sayd Erle of Oxforde in fleeing towarde Scotlande â—…hal changed their purpose vpon the way and turned into Wales to Iasper Earle of Pembroke The Duke of Exceter being stryken downe and sore wounded The Duke of Exceter was left for deade in the field amongst other the dead bodies bycause hee was not knowne and by reason thereof comming to himselfe got vp and in greate daunger escaped vnto Westminster and there tooke Sanctuarie â—…d King Edwarde hauing got this victorie refreshing himselfe and his people a while at Bernet returned the same day vnto London lyke a tryumphaunt Conquerour â—…ading wyth hym King Henrie as a captiue prisoner and somâ—…king a solemne entrie at the church of S. Paule offred his standeâ—… The deade bodyes of the Earle and Marques were brought to London in a Coffâ—… and before they were buryed in by the sâ—… of three dayes lay open vysaged in the Cathedral church of Saint Paule to the inteâ—… that all menne might easily receyue that they â—…rydedly were deade The common brayde raunce that the King was not so ioyous of the Earles death as sorrowfull for the losse of the Marques â–ª whom hee full well knewe and no lesse was it euident to other to be his faythfull friende and well wyller for whose onely sake hee caused both theyr bodies to bee buried wyth theyr auncesters at the Priorie of Bissam On the Tuesday in Easter Weeke came knowledge to King Edwarde that Queene Margaret the wyfe of King Henrie Queene Margaret landeth with a power out of France wyth hir sonne Prince Edwarde was landed vpon Easter day at Weymouth in Dorcetshire accompanyed with Iohn Longscrother Priour of Sainte Iohns commonly called Lorde Treasorer of Englande who went ouer into Fraunce to fetche them Also the Lorde Wenlocke a man made onely by king Edwarde besyde dyuerse other Knightes and Esquires of whome part had beene long foorth of the Realme and part newly gone ouer thyther to them in companie of the Lorde Treasorer They tooke theyr Shippes at Hunflue the xxiiij of Marche as before you haue heard but through contrarie wyndes and tempestes they were driuen backe and constrayned to abide for conuenient winde whiche although it came sometyme about fitte for theyr purpose it continued not long in that ende so as if therevppon they tooke the Sea at any tyme they were forced to returne backe againe to land ere they could passe halfe the way ouer and thus being diuerse tymes vnder sayâ—…e in hope to passe the Seas hyther into Englande they were styll driuen backe againe till the thirtenth of Aprill beeing Easter euen on which day the winde comming fauourably about they tooke the Seas and sayled forward towards this land The CouÌ„tesse of Warwike hauing a ship of aduauntage arriued before the other at Portesmouth from thence she went to SouthaÌ„pton meaning to haue gone to Weymouth where she vnderstood that y e Queene was landed but here had she knowledge of the losse of Bernet field that hir husband was there slain Wherevpon shee went no further towardes the Q. but secretely gotte hirouer the water into the newe Forrest The countesse of Warwik taketh Sanctuary and tooke Sanctuarie within the Abbay of Beaulieu Queene Margaret hir sonne Prince Edward with the other that landed at Weymouth The Duke of Sommerset the erle of Deuonshire coÌ„fort Queene Margaret 〈◊〉 from thence to an Abbey neare by called 〈◊〉 Thither came vnto them Edmond duke of Somerset and Thomas Courtney Earle of Dâ—…shiâ—… with other and welcomed theÌ„ into England coÌ„forting the Queene in the best maner they â—…ulde and willed hir not to despayre of good successe for albeit they had lost one fielde whereof the Queene had knowledge the same daye beeing Monday in Easter Weeke the fiftenth of Apryll and was therefore ryght sorrowfull yet they doubted not but to assemble suche a puyssance and that very shortly forth of diuerse partes of the Realme as beeing faythfull and wholy bent to spende theyr lyues and shed the best bloud in theyr bodyes for hir sake and hir sonnes it shoulde be harde for King Edwarde to resist them with all the power hee had or coulde make Hall The presence of these noble men greatly comfort 〈◊〉 hir and relieued hir of the sorrowes that in maner ouerwhelmed hir pensiue hearte for shee doubted sore the ende of all these proceedings the which they concluded vpon to follow for the aduancement of hir and hirs specially it misgaue hir The seatâ—… whiche Queene Margaret had for lâ—… sonuâ—… that some euill shoulde chaunce to hir sonne prince Edward for she greatly weyed not of hir owne perill as she hirself confessed therefore she would gladly haue had them either to haue deferred the battell till a more conuenient time or else that hir son might haue bene conueyed ouer into France againe there to haue remayned in safetie till the chance of the next battell
George Duke of Clarence and attained the Crowne George Duke of Clarence was a goodly noble prince at all points fortunate if either his owne ambition had not let him againste hys brother or the enuy of his enimies his brother againste hym For were it by the Queene and lordes of hir bloude whiche highly maligned the kings kiâ—…red as women commonly not of malice but of nature hate them whom their husbands loue or were it a proude appetite of the duke hymself intending to be king at the least wise heinous treson was there layde to his charge and finally were hee faultie were he faultlesse â—…taynted was he by Parlyamente and iudged to the deathe and there vpon hashly drowned in a hutte of Malmesey whose death kyng Ewarde albeit hee commaunded it when he wyst it was done piteously bewayled and sorowfully repented Richarde the thirde sonne The discription Richard the thirde of whome wee nowe intreate was in witte and courage â—…gall with either of them in bodie and prowes farre vnder them both little of stature yll featured of limmes crooke backed his left shoulder muche hygher than hys ryght harde fauoured of visage and suche as is in states called warlye in other men otherwyse he was malicious wrathfull enuious and from afore his byrth euer frowards It is for truth reported that the Duchesse his mother hadde so much adoe in hir trauaile that she could not be deliuered of hym vncut and that he cam into the world with the feete forward as meÌ„ be borne outward and as the fame runneth also not vntoothed whether men of hatred report aboue the truth or else that nature chaunged hir course in his beginning which in the course of his life many things vnnaturally committed None euill captain was he in the warre as to which his disposition was more metely than for peace Sundry victories had he and somtimes ouerthrewes but neuer in default as for his owne person eyther of hardinesse or politike order free was he called of dispence and somewhat aboue hys power liberall wyth lardge giftes hee gate hym vnstedfaste friendeshippe for whiche he was faine to pill and spoile in other places and gette hym stedfaste hatred Hee was close and secrete a deepe dissimuler lowly of countenaunce arrogant of harte outwardelye coumpinable wâ—…ere hee inwardelye hated not lettyng to kisse whome hee thought to kill dispitions and cruell not for euill will alwaye but offer for ambition and eyther for the surety or increase of hys estate Frend and foe was muche what indifferent where his advauntage grewe hee spared no mans deathe whose life wythstoode his purpose Hee flewe wyth his owne handes Kyng Henry the sixte The deathe of Kyng Henry the sixte being prisoner in the Tower as men constantly saide and that wythout commaundement or knowledge of the Kyng which woulde vndoubtedlye if hee hadde intended that thyng haue appointed that butcherly office to some other than his owne borne brother Some wise men also weene that his drifte couertly conueyed lacked not in helpyng forth his brother of Clarence to his deathe whiche hee resisted openly howdeit somewhat as men deemed more faintly than hee that were hartelye minded to hys wealthe And they that thus deeme thinke that hee long time in King Edwards life forest ought to be King in case that the King his brother whose life hee looked that euill diet shoulde shorten shoulde happen to deceasse as in deede hee did while his children were yong And they deeme that for this intent hee was gladde of his brothers deathe the duke of Clarence whose life must needes haue hindered hym so intending wheather the same Duke of Clarence hadde kepte hym true to his Nephewe the yong Kyng or enterprised to be King himselfe But of all this pointe is there no certaintie and who so deuineth vppon coniectures may aswell shoote to farre as to shorte Howebeit this haue I by credible enformation learned that the selfe nyght in whyche Kyng Edward dyed one Mistlebrooke long ere morning came in greate haste to the house of one Pottier dwellyng in Redecrosstreete wythout Creeplegate and when hee was wyth hastye rappyng quicklye letten in hee shewed vnto Pottier that King Edwarde was departed By my truth man quod Pottier then will my Maister the Duke of Gloucester bee King What cause hee had so to thinke harde it is to saye whether hee beeing towarde hym anye thyng knewe that hee suche thing purposed or otherwise hadde any inkeling thereof for he was not likelye to speake it of nought But nowe to retourne to the course of this hystorye were it 〈◊〉 the Duke of 〈…〉 hadde 〈◊〉 olde springâ—…ded this 〈…〉 was nowe at â—…eâ—…e 〈…〉 in hope by the occasion of the 〈◊〉 a good 〈◊〉 yong Princes has Nephewes as 〈…〉 and likel 〈◊〉 of speeds putteth a 〈…〉 rage of that hee 〈◊〉 not intendeâ—… 〈…〉 that hee contriued their destruction 〈…〉 vsurpation of theâ—…egâ—… dignitie vpon 〈◊〉 â–ª And for asmuche as hee 〈…〉 â—…wisâ—…e and 〈…〉 â—…utaâ—…e along continuâ—…digeâ—… 〈…〉 brenning beetweene the Queenes kinâ—… 〈…〉 the Kings 〈◊〉 eyther partie 〈…〉 authoritie heâ—… 〈◊〉 that 〈…〉 sion shoulde becaâ—… it was intended 〈…〉 beginnyng to the pursuite of hys intâ—… 〈◊〉 a sure grounde for the fountâ—… of all 〈◊〉 buildyng if hee mighte firste vnder the preâ—… of reuenging of 〈◊〉 displeasure abuse the anger and ignorants of the tone partie to the distruction of the â—…other and then winne to his purpose as many as he could those that could not bee wonne myght hee loste ere they 〈◊〉 therefore For of oâ—…ethyng was hee certayne that if hys intent were perceyued hee shoulde soone haue made peace betwene the bothe partieâ—… with hys owne bloude Kyng Edwarde in hys life alheit that this dissention betweene his friendes somewhat inâ—…d hym yet in his good healthe he somewhat the lesse regarded it bycause hee thought whatsoeuer busines should a fall betwene theâ—… himselfe shoulde always bee able to â—…ule â—…othe the parties But in his last sicknes when hee perceyued his naturall strengthe so sore enfeebled that hee dispaired all recouerie then hee consideryng the youth of his children alheit he pothyng lesse mistrusted than that that happened yet well foreseeing that many harmes myghte growe by their debate while the youthe of hys children shoulde lacke discretion of them selfe and good counsaile of their friendes of whiche eyther partie shoulde counsaile for their owne commoditie and rather by pleasaunt aduise to wynne themselfe fauoure than by profitable aduertisement to doo the children good hee called some of them before hym that were at vaniaunce and in especiall the Lorde Marques Dorset the Queenes sonne by his firste husband and William the Lord Hastings a noble man then Lorde Chamberlaine againe whom the Queene specially grudged for y e great fauour the King bare hym 〈…〉 and also for that she thought hym secretely familiar with the Kyng in wanton company Hir kinred also bare him sore aswell for that the Kyng hadde
no such myschaunce is towarde yet hath it beene of an olde ryte and custome obserued as a token oftentymes notably foregoyng some great misfortune Nowe this that followeth was no warning but an enuious skorne The same morning ere hee was vp came a knight vnto him as it were of courtesie to accompanie him to the Councell but of truth sent by the Protectour to hast him thitherwards with whom he was of secret confederacie in that purpose a meane man at that time and nowe of great authoritie This knight when it happed the Lord ChaÌ„berlayne by the way to stay his horse and commane a while wyth a Priest whome he mette in the Tower streete brake his tale and sayde merily to him what my Lord I pray you come on whereto talke you so long wyth that Priest you haue no neede of a Priest yet and therewyth hee laughed vpon him as though he would say ye shall haue soone But so little wyst the tother what he ment and so little mistrusted that he was neuer meryâ—…r nor neuer so â—…ll of good hope in his lyfe which selfe thing is 〈◊〉 a signe of chaunge But I shall rather set anye thing passe me than the vaine suretie of mannes minde so neare his death Vpon the verie Tower Wharfe so neare the place where his head was off soone after there met he with one Hastings a Pâ—…rseuaunt of his owne name And of theyr meeting in that place hee was put in remembraunce of another tyme in whiche it had happened them before to meete in like maner togither in the same place At which other time the Lorde chamberlaine had beene accused vnto King Edwarde by the Lorde Ryuers the Queenes brother in suche wise as hee was for the while but it lasted not long farre fallen into the kings indignation and stoode in great feare of himselfe And forasmuche as hee now met this Purseuaunt in the same place that ieopardie so well passed it gaue him great pleasure to talke with him thereof wyth whome he hadde before talked thereof in the same place while he was therein And therefore he sayd Ah Hastings art thou remembred when I met thee here once with an heauie heart Yea my Lorde quoth he that remember I well and thanked bee God they gat no good nor you no harme thereby Thou wouldest say so quoth hee if thou knewest as much as I knowe which few know else as yet and mo shall shortly That ment hee by the Lordes of the Queenes kyndred that were taken before and should that day be beheaded at Pomfret which he well wyst but nothing ware that the Axe hung ouer his owne heade In fayth man quoth he I was neuer so sorie nor neuer stoode in so greate dreade in my lyfe as I did when thou and I mette here And lo howe the worlde is turned nowe stand mine enimyes in the daunger as thou mayest happe to heare more hereafter and I neuer in my lyfe so mery nor neuer in so great suretie O good God the blindnesse of our mortal nature when he most feared he was in good suretie when hee reckened himselfe surest he lost his life and that within two houres after The discriptioÌ„ of the Lord Hastings Thus ended this honourable man a good Knight and a gentle of greate authoritie wyth his Prince of lyuing somewhat dissolute plaine and open to his enimie and secrete to hys friend easie to beguile as he that of good heart and courage forestudied no perilles a louyng man and passing well beloued verie faythfull and trustie ynough trusting too much Nowe flewe the fame of this Lordes death swiftly through the Citie and so foorth further about like a wynde in euerie mans eare But the Protector immediately after dinner entending to sette some colour vpon the matter sent in all the hast for many substantiall men out of the Citie into the Tower And at theyr comming himselfe with the Duke of Buckingham stoode harnessed in olde yll faring Bryganders suche as no man shoulde wene that they woulde vouchsafe to haue put vpon theyr backes except that some sodaine necessitie had constrayned theÌ„ And then the Protector shewed them that the Lorde Chamberlayne and other of his conspiracie had contriued to haue sodainly destroyed him and the Duke there the same day in the couÌ„cell And what they intended further was as yet not well knowne Of whiche their treason hee neuer had knowledge before tenne of the clocke the same forenoone whiche sodaine feare draâ—… them to put on for theyr defence such harnesse as came next to hande And so had God holpen theÌ„ that the mischiefe turned vpon them that would haue done it And this hee requyred them to report Euery man aunswered him fayre as though no man mistrusted the matter which of troth no man beleeued Yet for the further appeasing of-the peoples mynde hee sent immediately after dinner in all the haste one Heraulte of Armes The protecâ—… Proclaâ—… with a Proclamation to be made through the citie in the kings name conteyning that the Lord Hastings with diuers other of his traiterous purpose had before conspired the same day to haue slaine the Lorde Protectour and the Duke of Buckingham sitting in the Councell and after to haue taken vpon them to rule the king and the Realme at theyr pleasure and thereby to pill and spoyle whome they lyste vncontrolled And much matter there was in that proclamation deuised to the slaunder of the Lorde Chamberlain as that hee was an euill Counsailer to the kings father intising him to manye things highly redounding to the minishing of his honour and to the vniuersall hurt of his realme by his euil company sinister procuring vngracious ensample as well in many other things as in the vicious liuing and inordinate abusion of his bodie both with many other also specially with Shores wife which was one also of his most secret counsaile of this heynous treason with whome he lay nightly and namely the night last past next before his death so that it was the lesse maruaile if vngracious liuing brought him to an vnhappie ending which he was now put vnto by the most dread commaundement of the kings highnesse and of his honourable and faythfull counsayle both for his demerits being so openly taken in his falsly conceyued treason and also least the delaying of his extention myght haue encouraged other mischieuous persons partners of his conspiracie to gather and assemble themselues togither in making some greate commotion for his delyuerance whose hope now being by his well deserued death politikely repressed all the realme should by Gods grace rest in good quiet peace Now was this Proclamation made within two houres after that he was beheaded it was so curiously indited and so faire written in parâ—…hment in so wel a set hand therwith of it selfe so long a proces y t euery childe might well perceiue that it was prepared before For all the tyme betwene his death the
and dishonor spoken by the king hir husband the lyuing in adnontrie layde to hir charge the bastarding of hir daughters forgetting also the faythfull promise and open othe made to the Countesse of Richmonde mother to the Earle Henrie blynded by auaricious affection and seduced by flattering words The 〈◊〉 constauncie of Queene Elizabeth first deliuered into King Richards hands hir fiue daughters as Lambes once againe committed to the custodie of the rauenous Woolfe After the sent letters to the Maâ—… 〈…〉 being then at Paris with the Erle 〈…〉 willing him in anynoyse to leaue the 〈…〉 without delay to repayre 〈◊〉 Englande 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 proâ—… great honour 〈…〉 〈◊〉 promotions a sâ—…ning him and heâ—… all offences on doth parties was 〈…〉 forgyuen and both 〈◊〉 and shee highly 〈◊〉 rated in the Kings heart Suche the 〈…〉 of this woman were much to â—…cheâ—… 〈…〉 aâ—… if all woman hadde dâ—…th â—…e 〈…〉 〈…〉 spâ—… yee women of the 〈…〉 follow thâ—… 〈…〉 After that king Richarde had 〈…〉 â—…rious promises and flattering wâ—… 〈◊〉 and appeased the mâ—… and mynde of Queene Elizabeth which â—…ue nothing it 〈…〉 moâ—… 〈◊〉 he 〈…〉 â—…â—…ers to be conueyed and hys Palayes 〈◊〉 lâ—…â—…yuing 〈…〉 with his aâ—… makes and louing intence y e aâ—… they 〈◊〉 forget and in theyr myndes blotte onâ—… 〈…〉 committed inâ—… and sette 〈…〉 Nowe nothing was 〈…〉 and 〈…〉 his deuelish purpose but that his 〈◊〉 was not â—…uyde of his wiâ—… whiche thing hee 〈…〉 wiâ—… aâ—…ged necesâ—… to be done But there was â—…le thing that so muche feare and stay to hâ—… from committing thys abhominable â—…ther bycause as you haue hearde before hee beganne to counterfeyte the Image of a good and well disposed person and therefore hee was afearde least the sodaine death of his wyfe once openly knowne he shoulde lease the good and credible opinion which the people had of him without desert conceyued and reported But in conclusion euill Counsayle preuayled in a wytte lately mynded to myschiefe and turned from all goodnesse So that hys buâ—…eacious desire ouercame hys honest feare And fyrst to enter into the gates of hys imagined enterprice he absteyned doth from the beâ—… and companie of his wife After he complayned to diuerse noblemen of the realme of the infortunate sterilitie and harmonesse of his wife bycause shee brought forth no fruite and generation of hir bodie And in especiall he recounted to Thomas Rotheram Archbishop of Yorke whome lately hee had delyuered out of warde and captiuitie these impeâ—…mentes of his Queene and diuerse other thinking that he woulde reueale to hir all these things trushing the sequele hereof to take hys effect that shee hearing this grudge of hir husband and taking therefore an inward thought would not long liue in this world Of this the Bishop gathered whiche well knewe the complexion and vsage of the King that the Queenes dayes where short and that he declared to certaine of his secret friendes 〈◊〉 spred â—…e a the â—…es death After this be procured a common rumor but he would not haue the authour knowne to bee published and spred abroade aâ—…ng the common people that the Queene was deade to the â—…ent that shee taking some conceyte of this straunge fame shoulde fall into some sodaine sicknesse or grieuous maladie and to proue if afterward shee shoulde fortune by that or anye other wayes to lease hir life whether the people would impute hir death to the thought or sicknesse or thereof would lay the blame to him When the Queene heard tell that so horrible a rumor of hir death was sprung amongest the comunaltie she sore suspected iudged the worâ—… to be almost at an ende with hir and in that sorowful agonie she with lamentable countenance and sorrowfull cheare repayred to the presence of the king hir husband demaunding of him what it shoulde meane that hee had iudged hir worthes to die The king answered hir with fayre words and with smiling and flattering leasings comforted hir and bidde hir bee of good cheare for to his knowledge she should haue none other cause But howsoeuer that it fortuned either by inward though and pensiuenesse of heart or by infection of poyson which is affyrmed to bee most likely within few dayes after the Queene departed and of this transitorie life â—…e Queene â—…e 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 sodainely 〈◊〉 and was with due solemnitie buried in the Church of S. Peter at Westminster This is the same Anne one of the daughters of the Earle of Warwicke which as you haâ—… heard before at the request of Lewes the French king was maried to Prince Edwarde sonne to king Henrie the sixth The king thus according to his long desire losed out of the bandes of matrimonie began to cast a foolish fantasie to Ladie Elizabeth his nece making much suyte to to haue hir ioyned wyth him in lawfull matrimonie But bycause al men and the mayden hirselfe most of all detested and abhorred this vnlawfull and in maner vnnaturall copulation hee determined to prolong and deferre y e matter till he were in a more quietnes For all that verie season he was oppressed wyth great weâ—…ightie and vbrgene causes and businesses on euerie side considering that dayly parâ—… of the Nobilitie myled into Fraunce to the Earle of Richmond Other priuily fauoured and arden certaine of the coniuration so that of hys shorte ende fewe or none were in doubt And the common people for the moste part were brought to such desperation that many of them had rather be reputed and taken of him in the number of hys enimies than to abyde the chaunce and hazarde to haue theyr goodes taken as a spoyle of victorie by his enimies Amongst the noble men whom he most mistrusted those were the principall Thomas lord Stanley sir William Stanley his brother Gilbert Talbot was 〈◊〉 hundred other of whose purposes although king Richard wer not ignorant yet he gaue neyther conference nor credence to anye one of them and least of all to the Lorde Stanley bycause hee was ioyned in matrimonie with the Ladie Margaret mother to the Earle of Richmonde as afterwarde apparantly yee may perceyue For when the sayde Lord Stanley woulde haue departed into his Countrey to visite his familie and to recreate and refresh his spirites as he openly sayde but the truth was to the intent to be in a perfite readinesse to receyue the Earle of Richmond at his first arriuall in Englande the king in no wise woulde suffer him to depart before he had left as an hostage in the Court George Stanley Lorde Straunge his first begotten sonne and heyre While king Richard was thus troubled and vexed with imaginations of the troublous tyme that was like to come Lo euen sodenly he heard newes that site was spring oute of the smoke and the warre freshly begonne and that the Castell of Hermines was deliuered into the handes of the Earle of Richmonde by the meanes of the Earle of Oxford and that not onely he but also Iames
he might bee lettâ—… and was likeso to be 〈…〉 thought good rather to assent to their humble request and so seeme to gratifie them thaâ—… by drâ—…ying it to procure their euill willes and returned the nearer of his purpose When king Henrie and enfourmed of hys landing hee was ryght glad thereof and wente vnto Sir Iohn Garâ—… land to Sir Thomas Trencharde 〈…〉 they shoulde entertayne hym in the most 〈…〉 they coulde deuise 〈◊〉 he might come himself in person to welcom him Beside this he sent the Earle of Arunâ—… with many Lordes and knights to attende vpon him Which Erle according to the kings letters â—…eceiued him with three hundred horses all by threâ—… light to the great admiration of the strangers King Philip seeing no remedie but that hee must needes tary woulde no longer gase after King Henryes comming out tooke hys iourney towardes Wyndsore Castell where the King lay and fiue myle from Windsore the Prince of Wales accompanied with fiue Erles diuerse Lordes and knights and other to the number of fiue hundred persons gorgeoustye apparayled receyued him after the most honourable fashion And within halfe a myle of Wyndsore the king accompanied with the Duke of Buckingham and a great parte of the nobilitie of thys Realme welcomed him and so conueyed to him to the Castell of Wyndsore where hee was made companion of the noble order of the Garter After him came to Wyndsore his wife Queene Iane sister to the Princes Dowager â—…e wife to Prince Arthure After the two kings had renued and confirmed the league and amitie betwixt them King Henrie desired to haue Edmond de la Poole Erle of Suffolke to be deliuered into hys handes To whome the King of Castile aunswered that he â—…eâ—…ly was not wythin hys Dominion and therefore it lay not in him to delyuer hym In deede he was loth to be the authour of his death that came to him for succour and was receyued vnder his protection yet vppon the earnest request and assured promise of king Henrie that he would pardon him of all executions and paynes of death he graunted to king Henryes desire And so incontinently caused the sayde Earle secretly to be sent for After this to protract tyâ—… till he were possessed of his pray king Henrie conueyed the king of Castile vnto the Citie of London that hee might see the heade Citie of his Realme there ledde hym from Baynards Castell by Cheape to Barking and so returned by Walling streete againe during whiche tyme there was shot out of the Tower a wonderfull peale of Ordinance But he woulde not enter into the Tower bycause as ye haue hearde before hee had â—…owed not to enter the Fortesse of of any foraine Prince in the which a garnison was mainteyned From London the King brought him to Richmonde where many notable feares of armes were prooued both of tylte iourney and barriers In the meane season the Earle of Suffolke perceyuing what hope was to be had in forraine Princes and trusting that after hys lyfe to him once graunted king Henrie would briefly set him at his full libertie was in maner contented to returne agayne into his natiue countrey When all partes and couenaunts betweene the kings of Englande and Castile were appoynted concluded and agreed king Philippe tooke hys leaue of king Henrie yeelding to hym most heartye thankes for hys highe cheare and Princely entertaynment And being accompanyed with dyuerse Lordes of Englande came to the Citie of Exceter and so to Falmouth in Cornwale and there taking shippe sayled into Spaine where shortly after hee dyed being .xxx. yeares of age He was of stature conuenient The death 〈◊〉 deseri pâ—… Philip king 〈◊〉 Spaine of counteâ—… amiable of bodie somewhat grosse quick witted bolde and hardie stomacked The tempest that he suffered on the Sea was huge and wonderfull also vpon the lande insomuch that the violence of the wynde blew downe an Eagle of Brasse being set to shewe on which part the wynde blewe from a pynacle or Spiâ—…e of Paules Churche and in the falling the same Eagle brake and battered an other Eagle that was set vppe for a signe at a Tauerne dâ—…re in Cheape side And herevpon men that were giuen to gesse things that shoulde happen by â—…king of straunge tokens deemed that the Emperour Maximilian which gaue the Eagle should suffer some greate mysfortune as hee old â—…ly after by the losse of hys sonne the sayde king Philip. Also shortlye after the departing of Kyng Philippe the King of Englande beganne to suspect Sir George Neuill Lorde of Burgeynye and Sir Thomas Greene of Greenes Norton as partakers in the begynning of the conspiracie wyth the Earle of Suffolke and so vpon that suspition they were commaunded to 〈◊〉 Tower But shortly after when they had 〈◊〉 tryed and pourged of that suspition hee commaunded them both to be set at libertie But sir Thomas Greene fell sicke before and remayned in the Tower in hope to be restored to hys health as well as to his libertie but by death he was preuented This yeare the King beganne to be diseased of a certayne infyrmitte An. reg â—â— whiche â—…hriâ—… euerye yeare but especially in the Spring tyme sore â—…eâ—…d him and bycause for the moste parte the harme that chaunceth to the Prince is parted wyth his Subiectes the â—…ting sickenesse whiche as yee haue hearde in the fyrst yeare of this king fyrst afflicted the people of this realme nowe assayled them agayne The sweâ—… fieâ—…esse eftsâ—… returâ—…neth howbeâ—… by the remedie founde at the begynning of 〈◊〉 nothyng the lyke number dyed thereof nowe thys second time as did the first time til the said remedie was inuented But nowe the thirde plague â—…gall to the Pestilence ensued by the working of the Maisters of the forfeytures and suche infourmers as were appoynted thereto By whose meanes many a riche and wealthie person by the extremitie of the lawes of the realme were coÌ„demned and brought to great losse and hinderance A greate part of which theyr vndoyngs proceeded by the inconuenience of suche vnconscionable officers as by the abuse of exigentes outlawed those that neuer hearde nor had knowledge of the saytes commenced agaynst them of whiche harde and sharpe dealyng the harme that thereof insueth considered if the occasion might be taken away by some other more reasonable fourme and order of lawe deuysed whereby the partie myght haue personall warning it woulde both preserue many an Innocent manne from vndeserued vexation and daunger of vnmercifull losse of goodes and also cedounde highly to the commendation of the Prince and such other as chaunced to bee refourmers of that colourable law where they be called only in the counties without other knowledge giueÌ„ to theÌ„ or theirs at their dwelling houses But now to returne such maner of outlawries olde recognisaunces of the peace and good abearings escapes riottes and innumerable statutes penall were put in execution and called vppon that euerie man both of the
both the Princes â—…age â—…ed And moreouer bycause they vnderstood that the marriage was broken betweene the Prince of Castile and the Lady Mary they desired y t the said Lady might be ioyned in mariage with y e french K. offering a great dower and sureties for y e same So muche was offered that the K. moued by his counsayle namely by the Bishop of Lincolne Wolsey consented vpon condition that if the French K. dyed then she should if it stood with hir pleasure returne into England againe with al hir dower riches 〈◊〉 conâ—…eâ—… After that they were accorded vppon a ful peace that the french K. should marrie thys yong Lady the indentures were drawen engrossed and sealed peace therevpon proclaimed the seuenth day of August the K. in presence of the french Ambassadors was sworne to keepe y e same likewise there was an Ambassade sente out of England to see the french King sweare y e same 〈◊〉 The dower that was assigned vnto the bride to be receiued after hir husbands deceasse if she suruiued him was named to be .32 crownes of yeerely reuennes to be receiued out of certain lands assigned forth therefore during all hir naturall life And moreouer it was further agreed and couenanted that the frenche K. should content pay yerely vnto K. Henry during y e space of fiue yeres the summe of one hundred thousand crownes By conclusion of this peace The Ladie Mary affyed to K. Lewes of Fraunce was the D. of Longuile with the other prisoners delyuered paying their raunsoms and the said D. affyed the Lady Mary in the name of his maister K. Lewes In September following the sayde Lady was conueyd to Douer by the K. hir brother and the Queene and on the seconde day of October she was shipped and suche as were appointed to giue their attendance on hir as the Duke of Norffolke the Marques Dorset the Bishop of Durham the Earle of Surrey the L. de la Ware the L. Berners the Lord Montaigle the four breethren of the said Marques sir Maurice Barkeley sir Iohn Peche sir William Sandes sir Tho. Bulleyne sir Iohn Car and many other knightes Esquiers Gentlemen and Ladyes They had not sailed past a quarter of the Sea but that the wind arose and seuered the shippes driuing some of them to Calais some into Flanders and hir shippe with great difficultie was brought to Bulleyne not without great ieoperdie at the entring of the hauen for the master ranne the ship hard on shore but the boates wer ready receiued y e Lady out of the ship sir Christopher Garnish stood in the water and toke hir in his armes so caried hir to land wher the D. of Vandosme a Cardinall with many other great estates receiued hir with great honor The mariage solemnized betwene the French king and the Lady Mary sister to King Henrye From Bullein with easie iourneys she was coÌ„ueid vnto Abuile and there entred the eyghth of October and the morrow following being MoÌ„day and S. Denise daye the mariage was solemnised betwixte the French King the sayde Lady with all honour ioy and royaltie When the feast was ended the English lords returned with great rewards back into EnglaÌ„d Before their departure from Abuile the Dolphin of France Francis Duke of Valoys caused a solemne Iustes to be proclaymed Solemne iustes proclaymed at Paris whyche should be kept at Paris in the moneth of NoueÌ„ber next ensuing the said Dolphin with his nine aydes to aunswere all commers being Gentlemen of name and armes When this Proclamation was reported in England by the noble men that returned from the marriage the D. of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his four breethren the Lord ClintoÌ„ Sir Edwarde Neuill Sir Giles Capell Tho. Cheinie and other got licence of the K. to goe ouer to this chalenge and therevpon preparyng themselues for the purpose departed towarde Fraunce and did so much by iourney that they came to Paris about the later ende of October and were hartily welcome to the King Dolphin but most of al to the french Queene which then lay at S. Denise and was not yet crowned nor entred into Paris The Dolphin desired the Duke of Suffolke and the Lord Marques Dorset to be two of his immediate aydes which thereto gladly assented In the meane time whilest all thyngs were a preparing for the Iustes the fifth of Nouember The Coronation of the french Quene being Sonday the Queene was Crowned with greate solemnitie in the Monasterie of S. Denise And on the morrow following the sayde Q. was receyued into the Citie of Paris with all honour that might be deuised On y e seuenth day of October being Tewsday began the Iustes which coÌ„tinued the space of three dayes in the whiche were aunswered three hundred and fiue men of armes and euery man ranne fyue courses with sharp speares The Englishe Lordes and Knightes did as well as the best not only in the iustes but also at the iourney and barriers namely the Duke of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his brother that worthy yong Gentleman the Lorde Edward Gray When all the greate triumph was done the Lordes of England tooke theyr leaue and were highly thanked of the king the Queene y e Dolphin and all the Lordes and so departed and came into England before Christmas In this meane time that is to saye in Nouember the Queene of Englande was deliuered of a Prince whych lyued not long after Richard Hun hanged in Lollards tower In December one Rychard Hun a merchaÌ„t Taylor of London that was layd in Lollardes Tower by commaundemente of the Byshop of London called Richarde Fitz Iames and hys Chancellor Doctor Horsey was founde dead hanging by the necke in a girdle of silke within the said Tower That ye may vnderstande the cause of his emprisonmente the beginning was this The same Hun had a child that dyed in his house being an infant the curate claymed y e bearing sheete for a mortuarie Hun aunswered y t the infant had no propertie in the sheete Whervpon the priest ascited him in the spiritual court He taking to him counsaile sued the Curate in a premunire and when this was knowen meanes was found that Hun beeing accused of Heresie was attached laid in Lollards tower wher he was founde dead as ye haue heard Muche adoe was made about his death for the Byshop the Chancellor said that he hanged himself but many of the temporalty affirmed that he was murthered greatly lamenting y e case for he was wel beloued namely of y e pore whiche cryed out against theÌ„ that were suspected to haue made him away He was a good almes man and greately relieued the needy The questioÌ„ of his death was so farre put forth that vpoÌ„ the suspitioÌ„ he should be murthered twelue men were charged before y e coroner After they had taken view of the body y e same was
the whole couÌ„saile there assembled that the kings sergeants and Attourneyes should go to the L. Chauncellor to haue a sight of all the sayde leagues and charters of truses to the intent they might frame their indytements according to the matter And note that iudge Fineux sayd that al such as were parties to the said insurrection were giltie of high treason as wel those that did not commit any robberie as those that were principall doers therein themselues bycause that the insurrection in it selfe was highe treason as a thing practised against the regal honor of our souereign lord the king and the same law holdeth of an insurrection said Fineux made agaynst the statute of laborers for so sayd he it came to passe that certaine persons within the Countie of Kent began an insurrection in disobedience of the statute of labourers and were attainted therefore of high treason and had iudgement to be drawn hanged and quartered He shewed where and when this chaunced c It was further determined by the same Fineux and all the Iustices of the lande that vpon the sayde Commission of Dyer and Terminee in London the Iustices named in the same commission might not arraigne the offenders and proceed to their tryall in one selfe day no more than myght the Iustices of peace But Iustices in Eyer myght so doe as well as the Iustices of Gaole deliuery and as the sufficiencie of the Iurours wythin the Citie to passe betwyxte the King and the sayde Traytours the Iustices determined that hee that hadde landes and goodes to the valewe of an hundred Markes shoulde bee inhabied to passe vppon the sayde indytementes And thys by the equitie of the Statute of Anno vndecimo Henrici septimi the which wil that no manne bee admytted to passe in any Inquest in London in a Plea of landes or other action in which the damages shall passe the value of fortie shillings excepte hee bee woorth in landes or goodes the valew of an hundred Markes On Saterday the seconde of May in thys ninth yeare all the Commissioners wyth the Lorde Maior Aldermen and Iustices wente to the Guylde hall where manye of the offendours were indyted as well of the Insurrection as of the robberyes by them committed agaynst the truses Herevppon they were araigned and pleading not guiltie hadde day gyuen till the Monday nexte ensuyng On which day being the fourth of May the Lorde Maior the Duke of Norffolke the Earle of Surrey and other came to sitte in the Guilde hall to proceede in theyr Oyer and Determiner as they were appoynted The Duke of Norffolke entred the Citye with thirtene hundred armed men and so when the Lordes were sette the Prysoners were brought throughe the Streetes tyed in Ropes some menne and some laddes of thirtene yeares of age Among them were dyuerse not of the Citie some Priestes some Husbande menne and labourers The whole number amounted vnto two hundred three score and eyghtene persons This daye was Iohn Lyncolne indyted as a principall procurour of this mischieuous insurrection and therevppon hee was arraigned and pleading not guiltie had day giueÌ„ ouer til Wednesday or as Hall sayth tyll Thursday next ensuyng He was charged with such matter as before ye haue hearde concerning his suyte vnto Doctor Standish and Doctor Bele for the reading of this bil in their sermons and opening the matter as before yee haue heard all whiche matter with the circumstances he had confessed on sunday the thirde of May vnto sir Richard Cholmley sir Iohn Daunsie sir Hugh Skeuington Diuerse other were indited this Monday and so for that time the Lordes departed The next day the Duke came againe and the Erle of Surrey with two M. armed men which kept the streetes It was thought that the Duke of Norffolk bare the citie no good will for a lewd priest of his which the yeare before was slaine in Cheape When the Maior the duke the erles of Shrewsburie and Surrey were set the prisoners were arreyned .xiij. found guiltie adiudged to be haÌ„ged drawne quartered for executioÌ„ wherof were set vp .xj. paire of galowes in diuerse places where the offences were done as at Algate at Blanchchapelton Gracious streete Leaden hall and before euery Counter one also at Newgate at Saint Martins at Aldersgate and at Bishopsgate Then were the prisoners that were iudged brought to those places of executioÌ„ and executed in most rigorous maner in the presence of the L. Edmond Howard son to the duke of Norffolke and knight Marshall On Thursday the seuenth of May was Lyncolne Shyrwin and two brethren called Bets 〈◊〉 Lincolne the Author of 〈◊〉 May day â—…ed 〈◊〉 â—…eside and diuerse other adiudged to die They were layd on Hardels and drawne to the Standert in Cheap and first was Iohn Lincolne executed and as the other had the rope aboute theyr neckes there came a commaundement from the king to respite the execution and then was the Oyer and determiner deferred till an other day the prisoners sente againe to warde and the armed men departed out of London and all things were set in quiet Thursday the .xxij. of Maye the king came into Westminster hall The king coÌ„meth to Westminster Hal there sate in iudgement himselfe and with him was the Cardinall the Dukes of Norffolke Suffolke y e erles of Shrewsbury Essex Wilshire Surrey with many lords other of the kings couÌ„sell The Maior and Aldermen with other of the chief Citizens were there in theyr best liuereys by nine of the clocke in the morning according as the Cardinall had appoynted them Then came in the prisoners bound in ropes in ranke one after another in their shirtes and euery one had an halter about his necke being in number foure C. men .xj. women When they were thus come before the kings presence the Cardinall layd sore to the Maior and Aldermen their negligence and to the prisoners he declared howe iustly they had deserued death Then all the prisoners togither reyed to the king for mercie and therewith the Lordes with one consent besought his grace of pardon for theyr offences The king pardoneth al the rebels at whose request the king pardoned them all The Cardinal then gaue to them a good exhortation to the great reioysing of the hearers And when the general pardon was pronounced all the prisoners shouted at once cast vp their halters into the roofe of the hal This company was after called the blacke Wagon After that these prisoners were thus pardoned All the gallowes within the Citie were taken downe and the Citizens tooke more heed to their seruants than before they had done The Quene of Scots retourneth into Scotlande The .xviij. of May y e Q. of Scots departed out of LondoÌ„ toward ScotlaÌ„d richly appoynted of all things necessarie for hir estate through the kings greate liberality bountiful goodnesse She entred into Scotland the .xiij. of Iune and was receiued at Berwik by hir
seat were the captains of the gards the prouost of y e houshold before the K. kneled y e Vshers of the chaÌ„ber vpon y e one knee at the foot of the step y e wentvp to the kings seat were the prouosts of the merchaÌ„ts Escheuins of the town of Paris Beneath in the hall the gates wherof were stil open ther was an infinit nuÌ„ber of people of al natioÌ„s in presence of them al y e K. made this declaratioÌ„ The cause wherfore I haue made this asseÌ„bly is for y e the emperor elect hath sent to me an herault of armes who as I coÌ„iecture as the same herault hath said as his safeconduit importeth hath brought me letters patents autentike coÌ„cerning y e suertie of the field for the combat y t shuld be betwixt the said elected Emperor and me And forasmuche as the said Herauld vnder color to bring the suretie of y e field may vse certain fictions dissimulatioÌ„s or hipoccrisies to shift off y e matter wher as I desire expeditioÌ„ to haue it dispatched out of hand so y t by the same an end of the warres which haue so loÌ„g coÌ„tinued may be had to y e ease coÌ„fort of all Christendom to auoyd the effusion of bloud other mischieues which come thereof I haue wished it knowne to al Christendom to the end y t euery one may vnderstand the truth from whence procedeth y e mischief the long continuance therof I haue also caused this asseÌ„blie to be made to shewe y t I haue not w tout great cause enterprised suche an act for the right is on my side if I should otherwise haue don mine honor had beÌ„ greatly blemished A thing which my lords y t ar of my bloud other my subiects wold haue takeÌ„ in euil part And knowing y e cause of y e coÌ„bat and my right they will beare w t it as good loyall subiects ought to do trusting by Gods helpe to proceed in such sort therin y t it shal plainly appere if y e right be on my side or not and how against truth I haue bin accused for a breaker of my faith which I wold be loth to do nor at any time haue ment so to do The kings my predecessors ancestors whose pictures ar engraueÌ„ set here in order w t in this hall which in their days haue successiuely atchieued glorious acts greatly augmented y e realm of France wold think me vnworthy not capable to be their successor if against myne honor I shuld suffer my self to be charged w t such a note by y e emperor shuld not defeÌ„d my person honor in y e maner and form acustomed And herwith he declared the whole case as it stode first how being taken at Paris by fortune of warre he neuer gaue his faith to any of his enimies consenting to be led into Spayne caused his owne galeys to be made redie to conuey him thither where at his arriual he was comitted to ward 〈◊〉 castell of Madrill garden w t a great nuÌ„ber of hauing busiers and others which vncurteous dealing found in the emperor so muche greued him y t he fel sick lay in danger of death Vâ—…oÌ„ the Emperor coÌ„ming to visite him after his recouerie of helth an ward was made betwixt w t deputies of the Emperor the ambassadors of the Lady his mother then regent of France which accord was so vnreason able that no prince being in libertie wold haue consented that to dor for his deliuerate haue promised so great 〈◊〉 some Which treatie yee they constrained here as he said to sweat to perform being prisoner against y e protestation whiche heauens times had made yea as yet being sicke in danger of recidination so consequently of death After this he was coÌ„ueyd foorth on his iorney homewards stil garded not set at libertie it was told him y e after he came into FraÌ„ce it was coÌ„uenient y t he should giue his faith for y t it was known wel enough y t what he did or promised in Spain it nothing auailed and further he remembred not y t the Emperor had tolde him at any time y t if he performed not the contents of the treatie he wold hold him for a breker of his faith though he had he was not in his libertie to make any answer Two things therfore said he in this case ar to be coÌ„sidered one y t the treatie was violeÌ„tly wroong out froÌ„ them y t coulde not bind his person and y t which as to y e residue had bin accoÌ„plished by his mother deliuering his sons in hostage The other thing was his preteÌ„ded faith on whiche they can make no grouÌ„d sith he was not set at libertie And hereto he shewed many reasons to proue y t his enimies could not pretende in right y t they had his faith The fielde 〈◊〉 is a place vvhere they may safely com to sight in listes before indâ—…eâ—… Iudges Further he said that in matter of combat there was the assailant whiche oughte to giue suretie of y e field the defendant the weapons Herwith also he caused a letter to beced which the Emperor had written to Maister Iâ—…han de Calnymont presideÌ„t of Burdeaux y e said kings ambassador in the course of the said Emperor The tenor of which better imported that y e emperor put the said ambassador in remeÌ„brance of speech which he had vttered to y e sayd ambassador in Granado repeting the same in substance as followeth that the Kyng his maister hadde done naughtily in not keping his faith which he had of him acording to the treatie of Madril and if the K. wold say the contrary I wil said the Emperor maintein the quarel with my bodie against his and these bee the same wordes that I spake to y e king your master in Madril that I wold hold him for 〈◊〉 and naughtys maÌ„ if 〈◊〉 the faith whichâ—… 〈…〉 Then after the said 〈◊〉 had him â—…che 〈◊〉 at 〈◊〉 his enâ—…â—…nde 〈◊〉 waâ—… of 〈◊〉 be 〈◊〉 that ever wherof â—…e haue heard 〈…〉 〈◊〉 becontinued his â—…ale in declaring what order 〈◊〉 obserued 〈…〉 the emâ—… to the 〈◊〉 at without all shifting delâ—… so as if the Herald now come froÌ„ the Emperor world vse our 〈◊〉 than 〈◊〉 deliuer him â—…tike writing for 〈◊〉 â—…tie of the field not obserue the contents of his safe conduct he â—…nt and to giue him all 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 vpon 〈…〉 called to come in and declare his messages who apparelled in his 〈◊〉 of armes made his aparraÌ„ts before the king them sitting accompanied as 〈◊〉 haue heard vnto where the King sayde Herauld doâ—… thou bring the 〈◊〉 of the field suche one as thy master being be assaylaÌ„t ought to deliuer vnto the defendaÌ„t being so 〈◊〉 a personage is Iâ—… The Heraulde there vnto said Sir may it please you to giue mâ—… to do â—…ne
his grace who hauing bene kept in prison by the gouernour the night after the battayle was set at libertie and comming thus to the Lord Protector was friendly welcomed and interteyned and hauing this night supped with his grace hee departed Lieth burnt Lieth was set on fire this Saterday where it was ment that there should haue beene but one house onely burnt belonging to one Barton that had playde a slipper part with the Lorde Protector But the souldiours being set a worke to fire that house fired all the rest Sir great shippes also that lay in the Hauen which for age and decay were not so apt for vse were likewise set on fire and burnt On Sunday the .xviij. of September the Lord Protector for considerations mouing him to pitie hauing all this while spared EdeÌ„bourgh from hurt did so leaue it but Lieth and the ships burning soone after seuen of the clock in the morning The army dislodgeth caused the campe to dislodge and as they were raysed and on foote the Castell shotte off a peale with Chambers hardly and all of .xxiiij. peeces Passing that day a seuen myles they caÌ„ped earely for that night at Crainston by a place of the Lard of Brimstons Crainston The same morning the Lorde Protector made maister Andrew Dudley knight brother to the Erle of Warwike dispatched my Lord Admirall and him by shippes full fraught with men and munition towarde the winning of an holde in the East side of Scotlande called Broughtie Crag Broughty crag which stood in such sort in the mouth of y e riuer of Tay as y e being gotteÌ„ both Dundie S. Iohns towne and diuerse other townes standing vpon the same ryuer the best of the Countrey in those partes set vpon the Tay should eyther become subiect vnto this holde or else be compelled to forgo the whole vse of the ryuer for hauing any thing comming in or outwarde My Lorde Admirall and the sayde sir Andrew sped themselues with such good successe and diligence in that enterprice that on the Wednesday following being the .xxj. of September after certaine of their shot discharged agaynst that castell the same was yeelded vnto them Broughty craâ—… yeelded to the Englishmen the whiche sir Andrew did then enter and after kepe as captaine to his high prayse and commendation But now to the armie on Monday the .xix. of September they marched ten myles and encamped a little on this side a Market towne called Lawder Here as they were setled in theyr lodging Lawder the Herauld Norrey returned from the Scottes Counsaile with the Lard of Brimston and Roze their Herruld who vpon their suyte to the Lord Protector obteyned that fiue of theyr Counsaile shoulde haue his graces safeconduct that at any tyme and place within fiftene dayes during his aboade in their countrey or at Berwike the same fiue might come and commune with fiue of the English counsail touching matters in controuersie betwene them Roze the Herauld departed earely with his safeconduct the campe raysed and that day they went .vij. miles till as farre as Hume Castell Hume Castell where they camped on the west side of a rockie hil that they cal Hareâ—… crag that standeth about a myle westward from the Castell Here they did so much by shewing that they ment in deed to winne the Castell by force if otherwise they might not haue it causing a certaine number of Hacbutters vpon appoyntment before to beset the castell and to watch that none should passe in or out Hume Castelâ—… besieged that in the ende the Ladye of the house other that were within in charge with it yeelded it vp to the Lorde Protectours handes for the Ladie doubting the losse of hir sonne that was prisoner with the Englishmen hauing the first day beene with the Lorde Protector and got respite till the next day at noone in the meane time consulted with hir sonne and other hir friendes the keepers of the Castell returned at the tyme appoynted the next day beeyng the .xxj. of that Moneth and made suyte for a longer respite till eight of the clocke at night and therewith safeconduct for Andrew Hume hir seconde sonne and Iohn Hume Lorde of Colden Knowes a kinsman of hir husbands captaines of this castell to come and speake with his grace in the meane while It was graunted hir whervpon these Captaynes about three of the clocke came to the lord Protector and after other couenants with long debating on both partes agreed vpon she and these Captayne 's concluded to giue their assent to render the Castell so farre forth as the rest of the keepers would therewith be conâ—â—nted for two or three within sayd they were also in charge with keeping it as well as they for knowledge of whose mindes the Duke sent Somerset his Herauld with this Ladie to the castell vnto them who as the Herauld had made them priuie to the Articles would fain haue had leysure for .xxiiij. houres longer to sende so theyr Lorde to Edenbourgh where he lay hurt as before you haue heard and in daunger of death which followed of the fall that he caught at the Frydayes skyrmish before the battaile to knowe his wyll and pleasure in thys poynt of rendring vp the Castell but being wisely and sharply called vpon by the Heraulde they agreed to the couenants afore by theyr Ladie and Captayne 's concluded on Whereof parte as the sequele shewed were these â—…lariâ—… the furâ—…ng of â—…es castell that they shoulde depart thence the nexte day in the morning by tenne of the clocke with bagge and baggage as muche as they coulde carye leauing all munition and vittayle behinde them in the Castell howbeeit to bee assured of them the Lorde Protectour prouyding eche waye to bee readie for them caused eyght peeces of Ordinaunce fenced wyth Baskettes of earth to bee planted on the Southsyde towarde the Castell wythin power of batterie and the Hacbutters to continue theyr watche and warde On Thursday morning being the .xxij. of September the Lorde Gray was appoynted â—…o receyue the rendring of the castel into his hands and sir Edwarde Dudley nowe Lorde Dudley after to be Captaine there They both departed to it 〈◊〉 Gray â—â—eth the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Castell and at the tyme sette Andrew Hume and foure other of y e chiefest there with him came out and yeelding the Castell delyuered the keyes to the sayde Lorde Gray Hys Lordshippe causing the residue to come out then sauing sixe or seuen to keepe theyr baggage wythin who all were in number seuentie and eight entred the same wyth maister Dudley and dyuerse other Gentlemen with him He founde there indifferent good store of vittayle and Wine and of Ordinance two bastarde Culuerins one Sacre also three Fauconets of Brasse and of Iron right peeces beside The keeping of thys Castell my Lorde Graye betakyng vnto sir Edwarde Dudley accordingly returned to the campe This done the next day being Fryday and the
Maior being thus returned to the citie caused the gates to be shut and such Gentlemen as had bene committed to prison within the castell or other places within the Citie he caused to bee set at libertie and with their aduise tooke order howe the Rebels might be kept out The citizens fauouring the rebels But as he was busie about such matters certaine of the Citizens that fauoured the Rebels had receyued a great multitude of them into the citie which put the citizens in 〈◊〉 feare that it was thought the most â—â—retie for the Gentlemen that had bene nowe released out of prison to be shut vp againe least the Rebelles finding them abroade shoulde haue membered them Yet after this when the Rebelles were departed out of the Citie againe the Maior and Aldermen fell in hande to rampire vp the gates to plant ordinance and to make all necessarie prouision that for them was possible At length they fell to shooting off their artillerie as well from the Citie as from the Campe doing their best to annoy eche other But when the Rebelles sawe that they did little hurt to the Citie with their great ordinance lying vpon the hill they remoued the same downe to the fote of the same hill and from thence beganne to beate the walles Notwithstanding shortly after they made suite for a truce to endure for a tune that they might passe to and fro through the Citie to fetche in vittayles whereof some want beganne to pinche them in the Campe. The Maior and Aldermen flatlye denyed their request protecting that they woulde not permit any traytours to haue passage through their Citie The Rebels sore kindled in wrath with this aunswere and deniall of their suite came running downe from the hil assaulting the gates were beaten off with shot of arrowes and other weapons and yet such rage appeared among the Rebelles that the boyes and yong laddes shewed themselues so desperate in gathering vp the arrowes that when they sawe and felte the same sticking in some part of their bodies they woulde plucke them forth and deliuered them to their bowe men that they might bestowe the same againe at the Citizens In the meane time whylest they were thus busie vpon one side of the Citie an alarme rose as the defendants backes crying that the Rebels were entred the Citie on the contrarie side and so euery man shrinking awaye and running thither to repulse the enimie there that part was left voyde of defendantes where the first assault began whereof the Rebelles being aduised rushed into the riuers that runneth before Bishops gate got to the gates and breaking them open entred without any great resistance For all the citizens were withdrawne to their houses and other places where they hoped best to hide themselues from the furie of their enimies The rebels coÌ„uer artillerie and munition out of the city to their camp The Rebelles hauing thus entred the Citie by force conueyed all the gunnes and artillerie with other furniture of warre out of the Citie into their Campe. The Herault that was yet abiding in the Citie to see if the Rebelles woulde before the daye prefixed for their pardons being not yet expired giue ouer their wicked enterprise cometh with the Maior into the market place and in the hearing of a great multitude of people that were come forth and stoode about him he eftsoones as gaue commandement in the kings name The heraults â—â—â—clamation in Norwich that they shoulde laye armes aside â–ª and gette them home to their houses â–ª whiche to so manye as did hee pronounced a generall pardon anâ—… to the rest extreme punishment by death The Rebels that stoode by and hearde him when he had once made an ende of his Proclamation baâ—…e him get him thence with a mischiefe The trayterous refusall of the rebels to accept the â—…ings pardon for it was not his faire offers nor hys sweete flattering wordes that shoulde beguile them for they made no account of suche maner of mercie that vnder a colour of pardon shoulde cut off al their safetie and hope of preseruation The Herault perceyuing howe obstinately they were bent and set on all mischiefe and that it was impossible to bring them from their outragious treason eyther through feare of punishment or hope of pardon departed without hauing brought that to passe for which he was sent Immediatly after his departure the Rebels sought for Leonarde Southerton purposing to haue apprehended him and committed him to prison for accompanying the Herault thitherwardes But he hauing knowledge of their meaning hid himselfe from them After this there were by Kets commaundement apprehended diuerse persons Prisoners committed towarde in mont Surrey as the Maior Robert Watson William Rogers Iohn Homerston William Brampton and many other which were brought out of the citie and committed to prison in Mont Surrey Ket perceyuing wel that he must eyther now obteyne a bloudie victorie by force against his countrie â–ª or else to taste such an ende as his vngracious attempts did wel deserue got togither so many wicked persons as he might procure to come vnto him from eche side Kets power increaseth with great rewardes and faire promises so that it was a straunge matter to consider what a multitude of vnthrifts and rascals came to him vppon the sodaine The Citizens of Norwiche yet sore displeased that their Maior being an honest man and one greatlye beloued among them shoulde be imprisoned and so remayne in daunger of life among the Rebelles for they threatened him sort and ieasting at his name woulde say one to another let vs all come togither to morow for wee shall see a Coddes heade solde in the Campe for a penie wherevpon the Citizens fearing least through the malice and rage of the Rebels their Maior might chaunce to be made awaye among them procured maister Thomas Alderiche whose authoritie was great among them to be a meane for his deliuerance who comming to Kette with sharpe and bitter wordes reproued him for his cruell dealing by imprisoning so honest a man as the Maior was withal commaunded him to release him The Maior of Norwich set at libertie whiche eyther for shame or rather throughe feare of a guiltie conscience that pricked him he caused incontinently to be done who therevpon might nowe and then go and come at his pleasure to and fro the Citie but bicause hee coulde not still remaine in the Citie but was constreyned to continue for the most part in the Campe Augustine Stewarde he appointed Augustine Stewarde to bee his Deputie who with the assistaunce of Henrie Bacon and Iohn Atkinson sherifes gouerned the Citie right orderlye and kept the most part of the Citizens in due obeysance The Counsell aduertised nowe vppon the Heraultes returne that there was no waye to reduce these Norffolke rebels vnto quiet otherwise than by force appoynted the Marques of Northampton with fiftene hundred horsemen to go downe vnto Norwiche to subdue those
Henrye Marques of Exeter Cousin Germayne to King Henrye the eight as is said before For the saide King and hee were descended of two sisters Elizabeth and Katherine two of the daughters of Kyng Edwarde the fourth whych propinquitie of bloud notwithstandyng the sayde Marques for poyntes of treason layde against hym suffered at the Tower hil the thirtith yeare of the raigne of King Henry the eight to the greate doloure of the most of the subiectes of thys Realme who for hys sundry vertues bare him greate fauour After whose death this yong Gentleman hys sonne beeyng yet a childe was committed prisoner to the Tower where hee remayned vntyll the beginning of the raigne of thys Queene Mary as before you haue hearde Thys Gentleman as it appeared was borne to bee a Prisoner for from twelue yeares of age vnto thirtie hee hadde scarce two yeares libertie within the whiche time hee dyed and obteyned quiet whiche in his life he could neuer haue Ambassadors sent to treate a peace betweene the Frenche king and the Emperoure In the moneth of May nexte followyng Cardinall Poole who hadde bin a great labourer for peace betwene the French Kyng and the Emperour beeyng accompanyed with Steuen Gardiner Byshop of Winchester and Chancellor of Englande the Earle of Arundell Lorde Stewarde and the Lorde Paget were sent by the Kyng and Queene ouer the Sea to Calais and from thence went to the Towne of Marke where they mette with the Ambassadours of the Emperoure and the Frenche Kyng From the Emperoure were sente the Byshoppe of Arras with other From the Frenche King was sente the Cardinall of Loraine the Connestable of France In thys treatie Cardinall Poole sate as president and Vmpiere in the name of the Queene of England This peace was greatly laboured where at the firste there was muche hope but in the ende nothing was concluded wherefore the seuententh day of Iune thys assembly was dissolued and the English Ambassadors returned agayne into Englande An. reg 3. In the beginning of September .1555 Kyng Philip went ouer into Flanders to the Emperour hys father A greate flood encreased by rayne And in the moneth of October nexte following fell so greate a rayne that the abundance thereof caused the Thames to swell so hygh that for the space of foure or fyue dayes the Boates and Barges rowed ouer all Sainte Georges fielde and the water rose so hygh at Westminster that lykewise a boate myghte haue bin rowed from the one ende of the Hall to the other Commissioners sent to Oxforde About this time the Byshoppes of Lincolne Gloucester and Bristow were sent in commission to Oxford by the Popes authoritie to examine Ridley and Latimer vpon certayne articles by them Preached whiche if they woulde not recant and consente to the Popes doctrine then hadde they power to proceede to sentence agaynste them as Heretikes and to committe them ouer to the secular power Those two Doctors neuerthelesse stoode constantly to that whyche they hadde taught and woulde not reuoke for whyche cause they were condemned and after burned in the Towne ditche at Oxforde the sixtenth daye of October In the tyme of whose examination bycause the Byshoppes aforesayde declared themselues to bee the Popes Commissioners neyther Ridley nor Latimer woulde doe them anye reuerence but kepte theyr cappes on theyr heads wherefore they were sharpelye rebuked by the Byshoppe of Lincolne and one of the officers was commaunded to take off theyr cappes Of these menne and the manner of theyr deathe yee may reade at large in the Booke of the Monuments of the Churche The one and twentith of October A Parliament a Parliamente was holden at Westminster in the whyche amongst other thyngs the Queene beeing perswaded by the Cardinall and other of hir Cleargie that shee coulde not prosper so long as shee kepte in hir handes any possessions of the Churche dyd frankely and freely resigne and render vnto them all those reuenewes ecclesiasticall whych by the authoritie of Parliament in the tyme of Kyng Henrye hadde bin annexed to the Crowne called the fyrst frutes and tenthes of all Byshoprickes benefices and Ecclesiasticall promotions The resignation whereof was a greate diminution of the reuenewes of the Crowne Duryng the tyme of this Parliament The death of Stephen Gardner Byshop of Winchester Stephen Gardiner Byshoppe of Winchester and Chancellor of Englande dyed at hys house called Winchester place besyde Saint Marye Queries in Southwarke the ninth day of Nouember whose corps was shortly after solemnely from thence conueyd to hys Churche of Winchester and there buryed After whose deathe The Archbyshop of Yorke Nicholas Heathe Archebyshoppe of Yorke was preferred by the Queene to the office of the Chauncelloure In the moneth of Marche nexte following 1556 there was in manner no other talke but of the greate preparation that was made for the Queenes lying in Childbed who hadde alreadye taken vppe hir chamber and sundry Ladies and Gentlewomen were placed about hir in euerye office of the Court. In so muche that all the Courte was full of Midwiues Nursses and Rockers and this talke continued almost halfe a yeare and was affirmed true by some of hir Phisitions and other persons about hir In so muche that dyuers were punished for saying the contrary And moreouer commaundemente was gyuen in all Churches for Procession with supplications and prayers to bee made to Almightie God for hir safe deliuerie Yea and dyuers prayers were specially made for that purpose And the sayde rumor continued so long A rumor that Queene Marâ—… was deliuered of a Prince that at the last reporte was made that shee was delyuered of a Prince and for ioye thereof Belles were roong and Bonefiers made not only in the Citie of London but also in sundrie places of the Realme but in the ende all proued cleane contrarie and the ioy and expectatioÌ„ of the people vtterly frustrate for shortly it was fully certified almost to all men that the Queene was as then neyther deliuered of childe nor after was in hope to haue any Of this the people spake diuersly Some sayde that the rumor of the Queenes conception was spredde for a policie Some affirmed that she was with childe but it miscaried Some other sayd that shee was deceiued by a Timpany or other lyke disease whereby shee thoughte shee was with childe and was not But what the troth was I referre the reporte thereof to other that know more Aboute thys tyme Brookes Byshoppe of Gloucester was by the Cardinall sente downe as Commissioner from the Pope to Oxforde there to syâ—â—e vppon the examination of Thomas Cranmer Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie in suche things as shoulde bee layde to hys charge by Iohn Story and Thomas Martin Doctors in the lawes sent specially in commission from the Queene At which time the sayde Archebyshoppe makyng lowe obeysance to them that sate in the Queenes name shewed no token of reuerence to the Byshoppe that was the
Frenchmen entred and possessed the Towne and forthwith all the men women and children were commaunded to leaue theyr houses and to goe to certaine places appoynted for them to remain in til order might be taken for their sending away The places thus appoynted for them to remaine in were chiefly foure the two Churches of our Ladie and Saint Nicholas the Deputies house and the Staple where they rested a great part of that day and one whole night and the next day vntil three of the clock at after noone without either meat or drinke And while they were thus in the Churches and those other places the Duke of Guise in the name of the French king in their hearings made a Proclamation straytly charging all and euery person that were Inhabitants of the Towne of Calais hauing about them any money plate or iewels to the value of one groate to bring the same forthwith and lay it downe vpon the high Aulters of the sayde Churches vppon paine of death bearing them in hand also that they should be searched By reason of which Proclamation there was made a great and sorrowfull offertorie And while they were at this offring within the Churches the Frenchmen entred into theyr houses and ryfled the same where was found inestimable ryches and treasure but specially of ordinance armor and other munition About two of the clocke the next day at after Noone beeing the seuenth of Ianuarie a greate number of the meanest sort were suffered to passe out of the towne in safetie being garded through the armie with a number of Scottish light horsemen who vsed the English men very well and friendly and after this euery day for the space of three or four days togither there were sent away diuerse companies of them till all were aduoyded those only excepted that were appoynted to be reserued for Prisoners as the Lorde Wentworth and others There were in the towne of Calais fiue hundred English souldiours ordinarie and no mo The garnison of souldiours that were in Calais And of the townesmen not fully two hundred fighting mē a small garnison for y e defence of such a towne and there were in the whole number of men women and children as they were accomted when they went out of the gate foure thousand and two hundred persons But the Lorde Wentworth Deputie of Calais sir Rauf Chāberlaine Captain of the Castell Iohn Harleston Captaine of Ricebanke Nicholas Alexander Captaine of Newnam bridge Edward Grymstone the Comptroller Iohn Rogers Surueyor with other to the number of fiftie as aforesayde such as it pleased the Duke of Guise to appoynt were sent prisoners into France Thus haue ye heard the discourse of the ouerthrow and losse of the towne of Calais the which enterprice was begonne and ended in lesse than eight dayes to the great maruaile of the worlde that a towne of such strength and so well furnished of al things as that was sufficient numbers of men of warre onely excepted should so sodainly be taken and conquered but most specially in the winter season what time all the Countrey about being Marishe grounde is commonly ouerflowne with water The sayde Towne was wonne from the French king by king Edwarde the thirde in the time of Philip de Valois then French king and being in possession of the kings of Englande two hundred xi yeares ▪ was in the tyme of Philippe and Mary King and Queene of Englande lost within lesse than eight dayes being the most notable fort that England had For the winning whereof king Edwarde aforesayde in the .xxj. yeare of his raigne was faine to continue a siege eleuen Monethes and more Wherefore it was iudged of all men that it coulde not haue come so to passe without some secrete trecherie Here is also to be noted that when Queene Mary and hir Counsaile hearde credibly of the French mens sodaine approch to that towne she with all speede possible but somewhat too late raysed a greate power for the reskue thereof the which comming to Douer stayed there aboutes till the towne was woonne either for that theyr whole numbers was not come togyther or for that there were not Shippes readie sufficient to passe them ouer although the winde and weather serued verie well to haue transported them thyther till the Sunday at night after the Towne was deliuered for then began a marueylous sore and rigorous tempest A terrible tempest continuing the space of foure or fiue dayes togither that the like had not beene sene in the remembrance of man Wherefore some sayd that y e same came to passe through Nigromancie Grafton and that the Diuell was raysed vp and become Frenche the truth whereof is knowne sayth maister Grafton to God True it is that after the sayde tempest beganne for the time it lasted no shippe coulde well brooke the Seas by reason of the outragious stormes And such of the Queenes shippes as did then aduenture the passage were so shaken and torne with the violence of the weather that they were forced to returne in great danger and not without losse of all their tackle and furniture so that if this tempestnous weather had not chaunced it was thought that the army should haue passed to haue giuen some succors to Guisnes and to haue attempted the recouerie of Calais But if the same armie might haue beene readie to haue transported ouer in time before the losse of Calais and whilest the weather was moste calme and sweete as was possible for that tyme of the yeare the towne might haue beene preserued and the other peeces whiche through want of tymely succours came into the enimies possession And thus by negligence of the Counsaile at home cōspiracie of traytors elswhere force and false practise of enimies holpen by the rage of moste terrible tempestes of contrarie windes and weather thys famous Fort of Calais was brought agayne and left in the hands and possession of the French So soone as this Duke of Guise contrarie to all expectation had in so fewe dayes gayned this strong towne of Calais afore thought impregnable and had put the same in such order as best seemed for his aduauntage proude of the spoyle and pressing forwarde vppon his good fortune without giuing long time to the residue of the Captaines of the Fortes there to breathe vpon their businesse the .xiij. day of the sayd Moneth being Thursday with all prouision requisite for a siege marched with his armie from Calais vnto the towne and fort of Guisnes fiue myles distant from thence Of which Towne and Castell at the same time there was Captaine a valiant Baron of England called William Lord Gray of Wilton who not without cause suspecting a siege at hande and knowing the Towne of Guisnes to be of small force as being large in compasse without walles or Bulwarkes closed onely with a Trench before the Frenchmens arriuall had caused all the Inhabitants of the town to auoyde and so many of them as were able to beare armes he
Boucher Iohn redemed 1426.15 Bonnehomme Monkes order first seene and established in England 782.5 Boseham 277.100 Bourne doctor afterward Byshop of Bath is almost slaine as he preacheth 1721.40 Britaine Prouince lost and the tribute ceaseth 101.74 Britaines make slaughter of the Scots and Pictes 101.88 Britaine without any certaine gouernour 102.45 Britaines land into France for sound preachers against Pelagius heresie 119.50 Britaines receiue the grace of God offered in Baptisme 120.31 Britaine deliuered from Pelagius heresie 119.78 and 121.47 Britaines assist Aurelius Ambrose and Vter Pendragon agaynst Vortigernus 122.22 Britaines ouerthrowen by the Saxons at Dyorth 142.111 Britaines ouerthrowen by the Saxons at Fechanley 143.21 Britaine deuided into .vii. or 8. or .9 kingdoms 143.66 Britaines weakened through ciuil dissention 143.93 Britaines constrained to withdrawe into Wales 143.98 Britaine destroyed by Gurmund pitifully 144.27 Britaine deliuered wholy in possession to the Saxons 144.29 Britaine called by the name of Hengistland or England 144.33 Britaines driuen to keepe the possession of three prouinces in Britaine only 145.10 Britaines flie in Armorike Britaine to seeke dwellings 145.34 Britaines gouerned by three kings or tyrantes 145.46 Berennus and his Norwegians put to flight by Guilthdarus kyng of Denmarke 24.2 Brennus and his Norwegians arriuing in Albania are discomfited by Belinus 24.32 Berennus fleeth into Fraunce for succour 24.34 Berennus marrieth the prince of Allobroges Seguinus daughter 25.33 Berennus returneth with an armie into Britaine 25.52 Berennus and Belinus made freendes by intercession of their mother 52.60 Berennus and Belinus passing the seas togeather coquer a great part of Gallia Italy and Germany 25.72 Britaines fall into ciuile discord for the gouernment 75 115. Britaines conspire and rebel agaynst the Romanes 76.29 Britaines eftsoones rebell against the Romanes 76.55 Britaines beyond Adrians wal breake through and slay the Romanes 76.84 Britaines prepare to resist Iulius Cesar 35.27 Britaines readie to defend their countrey 35.80 Britaines put to flight by the Romanes 36.78 Britaines send Ambassadours vnto Cesar for peace 36.86 Britaines deliuer Hostagies vnto Cesar 37.17 Britaines ouerthrowne chased by the Romanes 38.50 Britaines sue the seconde time to Cesar for peace 38.56 British historie called also the new historie 38.72 British youth led foorth of the realme by Maximianus 95.67 British youth after the death of Maximianus withdraweth into Armorica 97.17 97.84 British souldiers of great puissaunce 97.26 99.37 British youth led foorth by sundry ouer the seas 99.31 Britaines send to Rome for aid against the Scots and Pictes 100.2 Britaines chased out of Kent by the Saxons 126.6 Britaines ouerthrowne by the Saxons in Kent 126.26 Britaines fall together by the eares among themselues 126.39 Britaines repulsed by Cerdicus and his people 126.112 Britaines vnder Nathaliod discomfited by the Saxons 127.84 British horsemen put to flyght by the Romane horsemen 40.99 Britaines what they call a towne 42.81 Britaines made tributaries to the Romanes 43.1 Britaines ouerthrowne by the Romanes in a vasley neere Cantorburie 43.83 Britaines at the second time of the Romanes comming refuse the Scottish mens ayde and are vanquished 44.66 Britaine deuided into sundrye estates 44.110 Britaines refuse to pay their couenanted tribute to Augustus Cesar 46.33 Britaines send Ambassadours to Augustus Cesar for peace 46.63 British Princes offer presentes in the Capitoll to y e Romane Gods 47.21 Britaines refuse to pay tribute to the Romanes and make open rebellion against them 47.55 Britaine afflicted by inuasion of barbarous nations 107.65 Britaine likely to be vtterly vanquished by the Scottes and Pictes 111.35 Britaines come against Cenwalch King of West Saxons with an army 176.74 Brute deuideth Britaine betweene his three sonnes 16.35 Britaine receyueth the fayth of Christ .75.1 Britaine the first of all other regions that openly receyueth the Gospell 75.28 Britaines expert in Magike 2.106 Britaines conspire to chase the Romanes out of the countrey 82.4 Bretaimous in Henaud held by Britaines 87.99 Britaine tasteth of Dioclesians crueltie against Christians 87.113 Britaines placed in a parte of Fraunce by Constantinus 92.65 Britaine numbred among the Prouinces that sent to the Sinode of Sardica 94.44 Britaine in Fraunce subdued by Maximianus 95.68 Britaine in Fraunce to hold of the greater Britaine and of the Kings thereof for euer 95.72 Britaines refuse to marry with the maydens of Fraunce 95.84 95.84 Britaines imitate the Romane pleasures and delicacies 69.67 Britaines which inhabite about Calender Wood set vppon the Romanes and are vanquished 70.65 Britaines gather a new power and receiue a great ouerthrowe at the Romanes handes 71.46 Brentford battayle fought by the Englishmen against the Danes 255.7 Brightrick succedeth Kenelwoulf in the kingdome of West Saxons 199.72 Brightrick departeth this life 200.39 Brightrick poysoned as some suppose 200.42 Britaines oppressed by y e Scots and Pictes 96.60 97.20 British and Celtike language all one 4.93 Brightrick King of West Saxons marryeth Ethelburga daughter to Offa. 195.32 Britaine left desolate for lacke of vittaile 183.72 British commons twice vanquished by the Nobilitie 101.21 Britaines disdaine to giue their daughters in marriage to the Pictes 67.53 Britaines discomfited slayne by the West Saxons 130.39 Britaines ouerthrowne by Wightgar and Stuff 130.47 Brute Greenesheâ—â—d bringeth al the realme of Fraunce vnder his subiection 18.37 Brinus conuerteth the West Saxons to y e Christian faith 168.115 Britaines cease to reigne in this land 187.65 Britaines vanquished chased by King Inas 187.100 Brute and Corineus ioyne theyr companyes together 13.80 Britaines vanquished slayne by the Englishmen 165.19 Britaines couenant to finde the Saxons prouision of vitailes 114.56 Britaine spoyled miserably by the Saxons from sea to sea 114.66 Epiford or Aglisthorpe Battaile against the Saxons 115.76 Britaines discomfited by the Saxons flye into the mountaines 117.23 Britaines slayne by treason of the Saxons 118.22 Britaines slaine by the Saxons at a Banket 118.66 Brennus and Belinus sonnes to Mulmucius raigne iointly as Kings in Britaine 23.80 Brutes prayer before the Oracle 12.37 Britaines vanquishe not the Saxons without the ayde of the Scots and Pictes 129.36 Britaines vanquished by Kenricus King of West Saxons and chased 142.53 Britaines weare houpes of yroÌ„ in steede of chaines of golde 79.48 Britaines paint their bodyes with sundry shapes of foules and beastes 79.51 Britaines hardnes in lodging and diet 79.68 Britaines in old time admitted as well women as men to publique gouernment 61.37 Broughton Thomas knight a man of no small power and aucthoritie in Lancashyre bydeth the Lord Louell 1448.17 conspireth against y e king 1429.42 is slaine in battell 1431.44 Britaines make no account of Christian religion in y e Englishmen 164.11 Britaines ouerthrowne by CeÌ„twyne King of the West Saxons 183. Britaines put to flight by King Iohn 585.55 Broughe Hubert Erle of Kent dyeth 705.32 Britaines begin a new rebellion against Seuerus the Emperour 80.42 Brigantes vanquished by the Romanes and their countrey for the most parte subdued 66.70 Brent Foulkes poysoned dyeth 625.50 Broc Robert accursed 417.27