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A26976 Of the immortality of mans soul, and the nature of it and other spirits. Two discourses, one in a letter to an unknown doubter, the other in a reply to Dr. Henry Moore's Animadversions on a private letter to him, which he published in his second edition of Mr. Joseph Glanvil's Sadducismus triumphatus, or, History of apparitions by Richard Baxter. Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691. 1682 (1682) Wing B1331; Wing B1333; ESTC R5878 76,803 192

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intellective Perception are before Ratiocination And there are a multitude of Complex Verities which all sound men know without Syllogisms The disposition to know them is so strong that some call it Actual Knowledg § 25. Add page 6. It 's well known That the Natives in New England the most barbarous Abassines Gallanes c. in Ethicpia have as good natural Capacities as the Europeans So far are they from being but like Apes and Monkeys if they be not Ideots or mad they sometime shame learned men in their words and deeds I have known those that have been so coursly clad and so clownishly bred even as to Speech Looks and Carriages that Gentlemen and Scholars at the first congress have esteemed them much according to your description when in Discourse they have proved more ingenious than they And if improvement can bring them to Arts the Faculty was there before When will you shew us an Ape or a Monkey that was ever brought to the Acts or Habits before mentioned of Men Yea of those that were born deaf and dumb § 26. Your mistake of Adam's cas●● and Solomon's words is so gross that I will not confute it lest the description of it offend you § 17. The case of failing memories is answered before in the case of Infancy and Apop●exies c. Our memory faileth in our sleep and yet when we awake we find that there remains the same knowledg of Arts and Sciences They did not end at night and were not all new made tne next morning The Acts ceased because the receptivity of the passive Organ ceased but the Habit and Faculty continued And when memory in old men faileth about names and words and little matters their judgments about great things are usually stronger by better Habits than young mens § 28. You say You know nothing wherein Man excels Beasts but may be referred to the benefit of speech and hands capable of effecting its Conceptions Ans This is answered before Those Conceptions are the cause of words and actions and is there no cause of those Conceptions And if mans Conceptions differ from the beasts the causes differed And if the first Conceptions did not differ the Subsequent would not differ neither without a difference in the causal Faculties Why do not Beasts speak as well as Men Parrots shew That it is not in all for want of a speaking Organ If one be born dumb and not deaf he will know but little the less for his dumbness If he be born deaf and dumb and not blind he will still be rational as Dr. Wallis can tell you who hath taught such to talk and converse intelligibly by their fingers and other signs without words I confess if all the outward Senses were stopt from the Birth I see not how the Soul could know outward sensible things as being no Objects to it And how it would work on it self alone we know not but understand and will we are sure it doth and therefore can do it And it 's one thing to prove Beasts to be men or rational and another thing to prove Men to be Beasts or irrational If you could prove the former viz. That Beasts have Souls that can think of God and the Life to come if they could but speak this would rather prove them immortal than prove man unreasonable or of a mortal Soul Your whole speech makes more to advance bruits than to deny the reason of man § 29. You say You know no better way to attain a right knowledg of our selves than by beholding our selves in Adam and enquiring what Nature had endued him with which will fall far short of what we now admire in our selves Answ 1. As a multitude of Objects and Experiences more tend to Wisdom than one alone so to know both what Adam was and what all men are and do doth evidence more to our information than to know Adam's first Case alone 2. Adam's first Powers are to be known by his acts and his acts were not to be done at once in a minute or a day And we have not the History of his Life much after his Fall But we may be sure that Adam's Nature in Innocency was no baser than ours corrupted And therefore Adam had the Powers of doing whatever other men since have done 3. But let us come to your Test 1. Adam was made a living Soul by the breath of God after the making of his body of the earth 2. Adam and Eve were blessed with a generative multiplying Faculty but they did not generate God nor did every bruit that had also that Faculty Therefore there is a Soul which is not God in every Animal nor yet an Universal Soul 3. Adam no doubt could not know external sensible Objects till they were brought within the reach of his sense no more can we 4. Adam knew the Creatures as soon as he saw them and gave them Names suitable This is more than we could so soon do 5. Adam had a Law given him and therefore knew that God was his Ruler He knew that God was to be obeyed he knew what was his Law else it had been no sin to break it He knew that he ought to love and believe and trust God and cleave to him else it bad been no sin to forsake him and to believe the Tempter and to love the forbidden Fruit better than God He knew that Death was the threatned Wages of Sin In a word He was made in the Image of God And Paul tells us it is that Image into which we are renewed by Christ And he describeth it to consist in wisdom righteousness and true holiness 6. And we have great reason to think that it was Adam that taught Abel to offer Sacrifice in Faith and delivered to his Posterity the Traditions which he had from God Tho Adam did not do all this at once he did not receive a new Soul or Faculty for every new act Can Apes and Monkeys do all this Doth God give them Laws to know and keep as moral free-agents But you say Adam knew not that he was naked Ans What! and yet knew God and his Law and how to name the Creatures and how to dress and keep the Garden He knew not that nakedness was shameful for he had newly made it shameful Perhaps you think of Adam's forbidden desire of knowledg and his miserable attainment of it But that did not make him a new Soul that had no such Faculty before Adam was the Son of God by Creation Luk. 3. and it was his duty and interest to live as a Son in absolute trust on his Fathers care and love and instead of this he was tempted to self-dependance and must needs know more than his duty his fathers love and reward He must know good and evil for himself like a Child that must know what Food and Rayment and Work is fittest for him which he should know only by trusting his Fa●thers choice or as a Patient that