civil_a law_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v fortescue_n be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n for_o he_o say_v cap._n 49._o that_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v judge_v open_a theft_n to_o be_v satisfy_v by_o the_o recompense_n of_o four_o fold_n and_o private_a theft_n by_o the_o recompense_n of_o double_a so_o not_o to_o suffer_v death_n by_o their_o law_n i_o do_v not_o write_v this_o to_o encourage_v man_n in_o this_o heinous_a crime_n which_o be_v too_o too_o common_a in_o these_o time_n no_o far_o be_v it_o from_o i_o so_o to_o do_v for_o i_o know_v if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o severe_a law_n against_o it_o there_o will_v be_v no_o enjoy_v any_o thing_n that_o a_o man_n have_v the_o law_n of_o property_n will_v be_v of_o little_a force_n but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o other_o way_n of_o punishment_n as_o by_o banishment_n slavery_n or_o the_o like_a which_o may_v be_v as_o effectual_a to_o terrify_v man_n and_o keep_v they_o from_o it_o so_o that_o we_o do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o man_n over_o which_o there_o be_v no_o jurisdiction_n give_v in_o such_o case_n by_o god_n we_o have_v no_o precept_n rule_n or_o warrant_v for_o it_o and_o now_o to_o i_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n in_o such_o case_n be_v no_o less_o unreasonable_a be_v it_o not_o too_o much_o to_o lose_v the_o life_n and_o yet_o will_v not_o that_o satisfy_v but_o thereby_o also_o his_o blood_n be_v corrupt_v and_o all_o his_o estate_n forfeit_v so_o that_o his_o issue_n be_v not_o inheritable_a to_o he_o nor_o to_o any_o other_o ancestor_n nor_o can_v this_o corruption_n of_o blood_n it_o be_v so_o high_a be_v restore_v otherwise_o than_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o if_o he_o be_v noble_a or_o gentle_a before_o he_o and_o all_o his_o child_n and_o posterity_n be_v by_o this_o make_v base_a and_o ignoble_a in_o respect_n of_o any_o nobility_n or_o gentry_n which_o they_o have_v by_o their_o birth_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o rigid_a and_o tyrannical_a law_n in_o the_o world_n that_o the_o child_n shall_v thus_o extreme_o suffer_v for_o the_o crime_n and_o wickedness_n of_o the_o father_n the_o innocent_a for_o the_o nocent_a it_o be_v true_a that_o as_o the_o apostle_n say_v rom._n 5._o that_o by_o one_o man_n sin_n enter_v into_o the_o world_n and_o death_n by_o sin_n but_o he_o go_v further_a and_o so_o death_n go_v over_o all_o man_n in_o who_o all_o man_n have_v sin_v we_o all_o sin_v in_o adam_n therefore_o no_o wonder_n if_o death_n fall_v upon_o all_o god_n have_v the_o supreme_a sovereign_a power_n over_o all_o his_o creature_n and_o so_o may_v inflict_v what_o punishment_n he_o please_v upon_o they_o for_o their_o sin_n and_o who_o dare_v question_v it_o or_o say_v it_o be_v unjust_a and_o yet_o god_n deal_v not_o thus_o severe_o with_o man_n for_o in_o the_o 18._o of_o ezek._n he_o reprove_v the_o israelite_n for_o use_v this_o proverb_n the_o father_n have_v eat_v sour_a grape_n and_o the_o child_n tooth_n be_v set_v on_o edge_n and_o say_v they_o shall_v use_v it_o no_o more_o for_o that_o soul_n that_o sin_v it_o shall_v die_v and_o after_o verse_n the_o 20._o the_o same_o soul_n that_o sin_v shall_v die_v the_o son_n shall_v not_o bear_v the_o iniquity_n of_o the_o father_n etc._n etc._n thus_o you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a mercy_n of_o god_n who_o great_a severity_n be_v but_o justice_n do_v not_o this_o extreme_o condemn_v the_o injustice_n of_o that_o law_n which_o so_o severe_o punish_v the_o child_n for_o the_o transgression_n of_o the_o father_n a_o wicked_a father_n may_v have_v a_o good_a child_n and_o shall_v such_o a_o one_o be_v ruin_v through_o the_o wickedness_n of_o the_o father_n his_o estate_n whole_o lose_v and_o not_o only_o disinherit_v through_o his_o corruption_n of_o blood_n as_o to_o his_o father_n estate_n but_o also_o make_v incapable_a of_o take_v any_o thing_n by_o descent_n from_o any_o other_o ancestor_n a_o more_o rigorous_a law_n certain_o be_v never_o make_v but_o i_o know_v it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o severity_n of_o this_o law_n be_v the_o more_o to_o deter_v and_o affrighten_v man_n from_o this_o sin_n which_o be_v so_o frequent_a among_o we_o ut_fw-la metus_fw-la ad_fw-la â—mnes_fw-la paena_fw-la ad_fw-la paucos_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a nor_o warrantable_a for_o man_n to_o make_v unjust_a and_o tyrannical_a law_n to_o keep_v man_n from_o sin_v and_o to_o put_v they_o in_o execution_n punish_v the_o offend_a father_n but_o not_o the_o innocent_a child_n the_o custom_n of_o gavel-kind_n be_v more_o reasonable_a for_o though_o the_o father_n be_v hang_v the_o son_n shall_v inherit_v for_o the_o custom_n be_v the_o father_n to_o the_o bough_n the_o son_n to_o the_o plough_n i_o shall_v conclude_v it_o with_o this_o that_o i_o hope_v one_o day_n to_o see_v this_o custom_n become_v the_o common-law_n of_o england_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o have_v in_o consideration_n be_v touch_v the_o debt_n of_o infant_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n and_o therein_o i_o propose_v this_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a law_n that_o infant_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o their_o debt_n first_o we_o be_v to_o know_v what_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n be_v for_o man_n or_o woman_n what_o full_a age_n the_o age_n of_o discretion_n for_o a_o woman_n in_o judgement_n of_o our_o law_n be_v 12._o for_o a_o man_n 14._o full_a age_n be_v 21._o and_o under_o that_o age_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v infant_n in_o law_n and_o under_o that_o age_n they_o have_v not_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o their_o estate_n not_o be_v they_o liable_a to_o pay_v their_o own_o debt_n it_o be_v true_a that_o for_o necessary_n as_o clothes_n diet_n school_a and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v liable_a but_o for_o those_o neither_o they_o can_v give_v a_o penal_a bond_n a_o bill_n they_o may_v and_o it_o shall_v bind_v they_o in_o general_a a_o infant_n may_v better_v his_o condition_n he_o can_v not_o make_v it_o worse_o this_o i_o confess_v to_o be_v law_n yet_o it_o seem_v very_o hard_a to_o i_o that_o a_o infant_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o pay_v such_o debt_n as_o he_o shall_v owe_v for_o any_o thing_n have_v or_o receive_v after_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n especial_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o the_o law_n be_v in_o other_o case_n of_o infancy_n by_o custom_n he_o may_v make_v a_o lease_n at_o his_o age_n of_o 15._o and_o it_o shall_v bind_v he_o cook_n upon_o littleton_n fol._n 45._o b._n nay_o further_o by_o custom_n he_o may_v make_v a_o feoffment_n at_o 15._o year_n 5._o h._n 7._o 41._o 11._o h._n 4._o 33._o now_o no_o custom_n be_v lawful_a that_o be_v not_o reasonable_a and_o yet_o further_o a_o infant_n of_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n nay_o under_o may_v suffer_v death_n for_o murder_n or_o theft_n nothing_o more_o common_a 3._o h._n 7._o 12._o a_o infant_n betwixt_o 10._o and_o 12._o give_v a_o man_n several_a wound_n till_o he_o die_v and_o then_o he_o draw_v the_o body_n into_o the_o corn_n for_o which_o he_o be_v convict_v but_o it_o be_v true_a that_o judgement_n in_o that_o case_n be_v respite_v for_o his_o tender_a age_n but_o many_o justice_n that_o he_o be_v worthy_a of_o death_n note_n a_o infant_n of_o 9_o year_n kill_v another_o and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v quia_fw-la malitia_fw-la supplet_fw-la aetatem_fw-la but_o execution_n be_v respite_v to_o have_v pardon_n see_v the_o assize_n a_o woman_n infant_n within_o age_n kill_v her_o mistress_n and_o be_v burn_v for_o it_o see_v likewise_o the_o assize_n again_o a_o infant_n shall_v not_o avoid_v a_o marriage_n at_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n make_v and_o contract_v by_o he_o cook_n upon_o litt._n fol._n 79._o now_o i_o argue_v thus_o if_o a_o infant_n may_v do_v the_o great_a why_o be_v it_o not_o reason_n that_o he_o shall_v do_v the_o less_o if_o he_o may_v be_v chargeable_a for_o thing_n of_o a_o much_o high_a nature_n why_o not_o for_o those_o that_o be_v of_o a_o low_a by_o custom_n he_o may_v sell_v his_o estate_n by_o law_n he_o may_v suffer_v death_n for_o felony_n and_o may_v contract_v matrimony_n thing_n of_o much_o great_a consequence_n to_o himself_o why_o then_o in_o reason_n shall_v he_o not_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n my_o lord_n gook_z say_v that_o argumentum_fw-la a_fw-la majori_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la a_o argument_n from_o the_o great_a to_o the_o less_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n in_o law_n beside_o he_o be_v as_o much_o oblige_v in_o
have_v any_o hard_a and_o unreasonable_a branch_n of_o law_n it_o be_v just_a to_o take_v they_o away_o to_o lop_v they_o off_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v thrive_v the_o better_a and_o if_o that_o flourish_n certain_o lawyer_n must_v thrive_v too_o and_o be_v in_o as_o great_a reputation_n as_o ever_o for_o no_o live_n without_o law_n and_o no_o better_a or_o more_o just_a law_n in_o the_o general_a in_o the_o world_n than_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o england_n he_o approve_v the_o use_n that_o labour_v to_o take_v away_o the_o abuse_n nor_o be_o i_o single_a or_o alone_a in_o this_o endeavour_n of_o i_o some_o have_v go_v before_o i_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o other_o will_v follow_v in_o a_o work_n of_o so_o great_a consequence_n and_o tend_v so_o much_o to_o the_o common_a good_a but_o not_o to_o hold_v you_o too_o long_o in_o a_o epistle_n where_o the_o work_n be_v but_o short_a if_o any_o notwithstanding_o what_o i_o have_v say_v shall_v be_v offend_v with_o i_o it_o shall_v not_o much_o trouble_v i_o for_o i_o be_o resolve_v to_o be_v a_o friend_n to_o the_o common_a good_a while_o those_o man_n seek_v their_o own_o good_a only_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o but_o this_o amicus_fw-la plato_n amicus_fw-la socrates_n sed_fw-la magis_fw-la amica_fw-la respublica_fw-la only_o i_o shall_v subscribe_v myself_o the_o faithful_a friend_n and_o servant_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n j._n march_n a_o table_n of_o the_o several_a question_n 1._o whether_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o descent_n or_o gift_n shall_v have_v the_o absolute_a dispose_n power_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o to_o disinherit_v his_o heir_n pag._n 2._o 2._o tenant_n in_o tail_n with_o remainder_n over_o suffer_v a_o common_a recovery_n whether_o this_o in_o law_n or_o conscience_n aught_o to_o bind_v the_o issue_n in_o tail_n and_o the_o remainder_n over_o pag._n 7._o 3._o whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n conscience_n or_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o arrest_v man_n person_n and_o to_o detain_v they_o in_o prison_n for_o debt_n pag._n 35._o 4._o whether_o the_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n as_o the_o practice_n be_v there_o be_v not_o a_o very_a great_a grievance_n and_o burden_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n pag._n 55._o 5._o whether_o collateral_a warranty_n stand_v with_o reason_n and_o conscience_n or_o no_o pag._n 68_o 6._o whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n or_o conscience_n that_o any_o man_n plea_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v nought_o and_o avoid_v at_o any_o time_n for_o any_o matter_n of_o form_n false_a latin_a double_a plea_n departure_n or_o any_o other_o defect_n whatsoever_o the_o case_n and_o matter_n itself_o sufficient_o appear_v upon_o the_o record_n for_o which_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v pag._n 74._o 7._o whether_o the_o many_o sort_n of_o tedious_a and_o long_a conveyance_n now_o in_o use_n stand_v with_o reason_n and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o not_o pag._n 85._o 8._o whether_o it_o be_v a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a law_n that_o a_o child_n bear_v before_o marriage_n and_o short_o after_o marriage_n happen_v shall_v be_v a_o bastard_n or_o not_o pag._n 92._o 9_o whether_o trial_n by_o jury_n as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o use_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a or_o not_o pag._n 99_o 10._o whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n or_o reason_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n for_o theft_n and_o shall_v incur_v so_o great_a a_o forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n as_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n and_o corruption_n of_o his_o blood_n pag._n 105._o 11._o whether_o it_o be_v a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a law_n that_o infant_n under_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o their_o debt_n pag._n 112._o 12._o whether_o clergy_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o justice_n or_o no_o pag._n 117._o 13._o whether_o the_o law_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o suff_v death_n for_o manslaughter_n be_v not_o against_o the_o word_n of_o god_n pag._n 122._o 14._o whether_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a law_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o have_v counsel_n upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o treason_n or_o felony_n pag._n 126._o 15._o whether_o action_n for_o slanderous_a word_n be_v mere_a contentious_a suit_n aught_o in_o reason_n or_o conscience_n to_o be_v so_o much_o countenance_v as_o they_o be_v pag._n 129._o 16._o whether_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a law_n that_o action_n personal_a shall_v die_v with_o the_o person_n pag._n 134._o 17._o whether_o the_o law_n of_o judgement_n of_o penance_n or_o pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v against_o a_o man_n who_o be_v indict_v of_o felony_n and_o stand_v mute_a be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o conscience_n or_o not_o pag._n 137._o 18._o whether_o the_o law_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o good_n wreck_v at_o sea_n be_v a_o reasonable_a law_n or_o not_o pag._n 150._o 19_o good_a advice_n in_o case_n of_o make_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n pag._n 155._o amicus_fw-la rei-publicae_fw-la the_o commonwealth_n friend_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v purpose_v to_o discisse_fw-la or_o treat_v of_o be_v touch_v he_o that_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n and_o his_o dispose_n thereof_o and_o therein_o i_o shall_v only_o propound_v this_o short_a question_n that_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o descent_n or_o gift_n shall_v have_v the_o absolute_a dispose_n power_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o to_o disinherit_v his_o heir_n i_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o law_n to_o be_v that_o he_o may_v dispose_v of_o the_o whole_a at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o that_o a_o condition_n annex_v to_o restrain_v he_o from_o it_o be_v nought_o for_o it_o be_v against_o the_o absolute_a purity_n of_o a_o fee-simple_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v power_n to_o alien_n it_o litt._n sect._n 360._o for_o if_o such_o condition_n shall_v be_v good_a say_v litt._n than_o it_o oust_v he_o of_o all_o the_o power_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o which_o shall_v be_v against_o reason_n and_o therefore_o the_o condition_n be_v void_a but_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v such_o that_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v not_o alien_a to_o such_o a_o one_o name_v his_o name_n or_o to_o any_o of_o his_o heir_n or_o of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o a_o one_o etc._n etc._n or_o the_o like_a which_o condition_n do_v not_o take_v away_o all_o the_o power_n of_o alienation_n such_o condition_n be_v good_a another_o reason_n that_o such_o condition_n be_v nought_o be_v because_o that_o he_o who_o have_v depart_v with_o all_o his_o estate_n to_o another_o and_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o reverter_n may_v not_o in_o reason_n annex_v such_o a_o condition_n to_o restrain_v the_o feoffee_n or_o alienee_n from_o such_o alienation_n this_o i_o allow_v to_o be_v the_o law_n yet_o i_o beseech_v you_o give_v but_o leave_v to_o examine_v these_o thing_n according_a to_o right_a reason_n and_o judge_v according_a to_o that_o which_o may_v make_v most_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o then_o i_o conceive_v it_o will_v be_v think_v very_o hard_a that_o any_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o absolute_a dispose_n power_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o disinherit_v his_o heir_n i_o intend_v this_o only_a of_o a_o fee-simple_n descend_v from_o a_o ancestor_n to_o another_o or_o of_o a_o gift_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o in_o case_n where_o a_o man_n through_o his_o own_o labour_n and_o industry_n have_v purchase_v such_o a_o inheritance_n it_o seem_v more_o reasonable_a for_o he_o to_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposal_n of_o it_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a for_o i_o know_v no_o reason_n but_o that_o he_o who_o buy_v may_v sell_v but_o where_o land_n descend_v to_o i_o or_o be_v give_v to_o i_o and_o my_o heir_n in_o such_o case_n for_o i_o to_o rob_v my_o heir_n of_o all_o that_o i_o never_o labour_v for_o and_o to_o give_v it_o to_o a_o stranger_n seem_v to_o i_o unreasonable_a i_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o absolute_a dispose_n power_n of_o the_o whole_a seem_v unreasonable_a but_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o dispose_v 2_o part_n seem_v to_o stand_v with_o reason_n so_o he_o leave_v the_o three_o part_n to_o descend_v for_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v be_v utter_o unable_a to_o make_v a_o jointure_n for_o his_o wife_n to_o advance_v his_o child_n in_o marriage_n or_o to_o pay_v his_o debt_n all_o which_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o do_v therefore_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v so_o fetter_v and_o bind_v in_o
his_o estate_n that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v they_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o when_o i_o give_v land_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o law_n say_v that_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v by_o way_n of_o limitation_n not_o of_o purchase_n yet_o when_o a_o estate_n so_o descend_v or_o be_v give_v as_o aforesaid_a the_o heir_n by_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o ancestor_n and_o the_o donor_n aught_o to_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o point_n of_o interest_n as_o also_o in_o conscience_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v demand_v of_o such_o a_o one_o who_o intend_v to_o leave_v his_o land_n to_o descend_v to_o a_o heir_n or_o of_o the_o donor_n whether_o he_o intend_v that_o his_o heir_n or_o the_o donor_n shall_v sell_v or_o give_v away_o the_o estate_n so_o descend_v or_o come_v through_o their_o goodness_n care_n and_o providence_n to_o a_o stranger_n i_o know_v their_o answer_n will_v be_v that_o they_o intend_v not_o a_o disinherison_n of_o the_o heir_n but_o that_o the_o estate_n shall_v descend_v and_o go_v to_o their_o heir_n with_o the_o same_o freedom_n it_o descend_v or_o come_v to_o they_o but_o i_o will_v not_o be-mistaken_o for_o i_o intend_v only_o a_o three_o part_n to_o descend_v for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a but_o now_o let_v we_o examine_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n aforesaid_a and_o where_o the_o inconvenience_n lie_v the_o reason_n be_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o purity_n and_o absoluteness_n of_o a_o fee-simple_n not_o to_o have_v such_o dispose_n power_n where_o lie_v the_o inconvenience_n that_o it_o be_v against_o a_o maxim_n of_o law_n nothing_o of_o prejudice_n either_o to_o the_o public_a or_o to_o any_o private_a or_o particular_a person_n and_o then_o examine_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o other_o side_n why_o such_o a_o tenant_n in_o fee-simple_n shall_v have_v power_n only_o to_o dispose_v of_o two_o part_n and_o leave_v the_o three_o to_o descend_v to_o his_o heir_n because_o it_o will_v agree_v with_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o ancestor_n and_o likewise_o prevent_v the_o begger_n of_o the_o heir_n a_o thing_n too_o common_a with_o profuse_a and_o prodigal_a ancestor_n in_o these_o day_n so_o that_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v evident_a to_o you_o that_o the_o inconvenience_n lie_v on_o this_o side_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o continue_v a_o maxim_n without_o reason_n or_o to_o alter_v it_o upon_o good_a ground_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o our_o sage_n and_o of_o this_o only_a thus_o much_o the_o next_o thing_n i_o have_v to_o treat_v of_o be_v common_a recovery_n concerning_o which_o i_o shall_v propound_v this_o short_a case_n and_o question_n tenant_n in_o tail_n with_o remainder_n over_o suffer_v a_o common_a recovery_n whether_o this_o in_o law_n or_o conscience_n aught_o to_o bind_v the_o issue_n in_o tail_n and_o theremainder_n over_o it_o be_v true_a that_o through_o custom_n and_o long_a continuance_n this_o be_v now_o become_v the_o common_a assurance_n of_o the_o land_n and_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o this_o point_n receive_v a_o full_a resolution_n by_o the_o other_o judge_n in_o marie_n portingtons_n case_n in_o my_o lord_n cook_n ten_o book_n that_o such_o recovery_n be_v good_a and_o bind_a not_o only_o to_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n but_o those_o in_o remainder_n likewise_o yet_o i_o hope_v a_o man_n may_v now_o with_o freedom_n dispute_v it_o since_o all_o conscionable_a honest_a man_n that_o ever_o i_o meet_v with_o oppose_v it_o and_o i_o dare_v say_v that_o policy_n and_o private_a interest_n first_o make_v this_o conveyance_n lawful_a or_o at_o least_o to_o seem_v so_o and_o be_v that_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o this_o case_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o know_v what_o the_o law_n be_v before_o the_o stat._n of_o 13._o e._n 1._o of_o intail_v and_o the_o mischief_n of_o that_o law_n which_o cause_v the_o make_n of_o that_o stat._n for_o a_o remedy_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o i_o cite_v the_o stat._n wherein_o we_o shall_v find_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o the_o mischief_n and_o the_o remedy_n and_o than_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o judge_v whether_o the_o mischief_n against_o which_o the_o act_n of_o 13._o e._n 1._o be_v provide_v do_v not_o still_o continue_v by_o common_a recovery_n notwithstanding_o the_o remedy_n but_o before_o i_o cite_v the_o stat._n i_o can_v but_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n that_o it_o have_v be_v desire_v and_o propose_v by_o some_o in_o print_n who_o either_o never_o read_v the_o say_a stat._n or_o do_v not_o well_o understand_v it_o that_o the_o say_a stat._n may_v be_v take_v away_o the_o mischief_n at_o the_o common_a law_n revive_v and_o the_o remedy_n suppress_v all_o that_o i_o shall_v say_v to_o such_o be_v that_o that_o law_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v our_o judge_n and_o sage_n of_o the_o law_n be_v make_v by_o very_o sage_a and_o wise_a man_n and_o therefore_o we_o ought_v to_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v make_v upon_o very_o good_a ground_n and_o reason_n and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v repeal_v without_o better_a reason_n but_o i_o need_v say_v no_o more_o for_o i_o doubt_v not_o you_o will_v find_v upon_o the_o read_n of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v make_v upon_o solid_a and_o profound_a reason_n and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v alter_v upon_o any_o clark_n or_o attorney_n motion_n 13._o e._n 1._o cap._n 1._o in_o gift_n in_o tail_n the_o donor_n will_v shall_v be_v observe_v first_o concerning_o land_n that_o many_o time_n be_v give_v upon_o condition_n that_o be_v to_o wit_n where_o any_o give_v his_o land_n to_o any_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n beget_v of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o same_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n with_o such_o condition_n express_v that_o if_o the_o same_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n die_v without_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n between_o they_o beget_v the_o land_n so_o give_v shall_v revert_v to_o the_o giver_n or_o his_o heir_n in_o case_n also_o where_o one_o give_v land_n in_o free_a marriage_n which_o gift_n have_v a_o condition_n annex_v though_o it_o be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o deed_n of_o gift_n which_o be_v this_o that_o if_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n die_v without_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v the_o land_n so_o give_v shall_v revert_v to_o the_o giver_n or_o his_o heir_n in_o case_n also_o where_o one_o give_v land_n to_o another_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n issue_v it_o seem_v very_o hard_a and_o yet_o seem_v to_o the_o giver_n and_o their_o heir_n that_o their_o will_n be_v express_v in_o the_o gift_n be_v not_o heretofore_o nor_o yet_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a after_o issue_v beget_v and_o bear_v between_o they_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v give_v under_o such_o condition_n heretofore_o such_o feoffee_n have_v power_n to_o alien_a the_o land_n so_o give_v and_o to_o disherit_v their_o issue_n of_o the_o land_n contrary_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o giver_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n express_v in_o the_o gift_n and_o further_o when_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o feoffee_n be_v fail_v the_o land_n so_o give_v aught_o to_o return_v to_o the_o giver_n or_o his_o heir_n by_o force_n of_o the_o gift_n express_v in_o the_o deed_n though_o the_o issue_n if_o any_o be_v have_v die_v yet_o by_o the_o deed_n and_o feoffment_n of_o they_o to_o who_o land_n be_v so_o give_v upon_o condition_n the_o donor_n have_v heretofore_o be_v bar_v of_o their_o reversion_n which_o be_v direct_o repugnant_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o gift_n wherefore_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n perceive_v how_o necessary_a and_o expedient_a it_o shall_v be_v to_o provide_v remedy_n in_o the_o foresay_a case_n have_v ordain_v that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o giver_n according_a to_o the_o form_n in_o the_o deed_n of_o gift_n manifest_o express_v shall_v be_v from_o henceforth_o observe_v so_o that_o they_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v give_v under_o such_o condition_n shall_v have_v no_o power_n to_o alien_a the_o land_n so_o give_v but_o that_o it_o shall_v remain_v unto_o the_o issue_n of_o they_o to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v after_o their_o death_n or_o shall_v revert_v unto_o the_o giver_n or_o his_o heir_n if_o issue_n fail_v whereas_o there_o be_v no_o issue_n at_o all_o or_o if_o any_o issue_n be_v and_o fail_v by_o death_n or_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o such_o issue_n fail_v etc._n etc._n and_o if_o a_o fine_a be_v levy_v hereafter_o upon_o such_o land_n it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o the_o law_n and_o no_o claim_n needs_o etc._n etc._n here_o i_o have_v faithful_o cite_v you_o the_o stat._n word_n for_o word_n and_o what_o the_o common_a law_n be_v before_o the_o
statute_n of_o merton_n 20._o h._n 3._o cap._n 9_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n have_v there_o be_v a_o reason_n give_v in_o this_o statute_n or_o by_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v good_a the_o use_n and_o approbation_n it_o have_v be_v somewhat_o to_o convince_v a_o man_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o law_n but_o since_o there_o be_v none_o i_o hope_v that_o a_o nolunt_fw-la mutare_fw-la shall_v not_o make_v the_o law_n one_o whit_n the_o more_o reasonable_a it_o be_v not_o what_o we_o will_v not_o do_v but_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v that_o aught_o to_o poise_v in_o judgement_n nevertheless_o i_o submit_v all_o to_o grave_a judgement_n the_o next_o thing_n that_o i_o question_n be_v whether_o trial_n by_o jury_n as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o use_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a or_o not_o when_o i_o have_v serious_o consider_v with_o myself_o how_o great_a a_o burden_n lie_v upon_o such_o man_n shoulder_n who_o be_v of_o a_o jury_n and_o of_o what_o great_a importance_n this_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v to_o all_o man_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o all_o man_n be_v subject_a and_o liable_a to_o their_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n and_o when_o i_o have_v further_o think_v with_o myself_o that_o although_o this_o be_v the_o most_o exact_a and_o equal_a way_n of_o trial_n in_o the_o world_n for_o man_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o their_o peer_n and_o that_o not_o by_o one_o or_o two_o only_a but_o by_o 12_o man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n and_o therefore_o say_v my_o lord_n cook_n upon_o litt._n 1._o a_o jurer_n ought_v to_o be_v dwell_v most_o near_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o question_n be_v move_v and_o such_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v best_a conusant_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n 2._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v most_o sufficient_a both_o for_o understanding_n that_o his_o ignorance_n may_v not_o mislead_v he_o and_o competency_n of_o estate_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v corrupt_v through_o poverty_n or_o necessity_n 3._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v least_o suspicious_a that_o be_v to_o be_v indifferent_a as_o he_o stand_v unsworn_a and_o then_o he_o be_v account_v in_o law_n liber_n and_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la otherwise_o he_o may_v be_v challenge_v or_o except_v against_o and_o not_o suffer_v to_o be_v swear_v the_o most_o usual_a way_n of_o trial_n say_v he_o be_v by_o twelve_o such_o man_n it_o be_v well_o if_o they_o be_v for_o ad_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la judices_fw-la and_o matter_n in_o law_n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o decide_v for_o ad_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la juratores_fw-la and_o certain_o this_o be_v the_o most_o equal_a and_o just_a way_n of_o trial._n for_o the_o institution_n and_o right_a use_n of_o this_o trial_n by_o twelve_o man_n and_o wherefore_o other_o country_n have_v they_o not_o and_o how_o this_o trial_n excel_v other_o see_v fortescue_n at_o large_a cap._n 25_o and_o 29._o again_o the_o law_n have_v take_v such_o care_n for_o equality_n and_o right_n in_o such_o trial_n that_o the_o law_n have_v inflict_v a_o most_o heavy_a doom_n and_o judgement_n in_o case_n they_o give_v a_o false_a verdict_n by_o way_n of_o attaint_n against_o the_o jury_n for_o which_o you_o may_v see_v cook_n upon_o litt._n fol._n â—94_n and_o fortescue_n cap._n 26._o yet_o for_o all_o this_o when_o i_o again_o consider_v what_o weak_a and_o ignorant_a jury_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n return_v i_o can_v sufficient_o wonder_v and_o lament_v that_o man_n life_n and_o fortune_n shall_v depend_v upon_o such_o man_n verdict_n that_o such_o man_n as_o many_o of_o they_o be_v who_o have_v not_o have_v so_o much_o good_a literature_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o read_v shall_v be_v judge_n and_o disposer_n as_o upon_o the_o matter_n they_o be_v of_o other_o man_n life_n and_o estate_n but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o that_o the_o trial_n be_v before_o the_o learned_a judge_n of_o the_o law_n who_o may_v direct_v they_o and_o satisfy_v they_o in_o their_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o such_o fear_n of_o injustice_n as_o be_v suppose_v this_o i_o conceive_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v before_o in_o that_o the_o law_n be_v that_o the_o jury_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o in_o that_o they_o may_v judge_v according_a to_o their_o own_o conscience_n and_o be_v not_o bind_v in_o such_o case_n to_o ask_v advise_v of_o the_o judge_n or_o if_o they_o do_v they_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o follow_v it_o nor_o in_o truth_n ought_v the_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n to_o direct_v they_o though_o in_o matter_n of_o law_n of_o which_o they_o indeed_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o do_v it_o their_o work_n be_v only_o true_o and_o faithful_o to_o repeat_v the_o evidence_n on_o both_o side_n and_o so_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o jury_n my_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n they_o be_v twelve_o knight_n and_o fortescue_n say_v that_o the_o jury_n be_v very_o oft_o make_v special_o in_o great_a matter_n of_o knight_n esquire_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 29._o fol._n 67._o though_o this_o be_v of_o as_o high_a consequence_n and_o concernment_n to_o the_o public_a as_o may_v be_v yet_o i_o shall_v not_o desire_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v twelve_o knight_n or_o twelve_o esquire_n to_o every_o jury_n for_o so_o in_o defect_n of_o they_o there_o will_v be_v often_o a_o failer_z of_o justice_n and_o beside_o some_o case_n be_v so_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o themselves_o that_o a_o mean_a and_o ordinary_a jury_n may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o purpose_n but_o this_o i_o shall_v humble_o desire_v that_o in_o all_o case_n which_o touch_v a_o man_n life_n or_o his_o estate_n to_o any_o considerable_a value_n there_o may_v be_v twelve_o able_a understand_a gentleman_n return_v of_o the_o jury_n such_o as_o be_v know_v in_o their_o country_n to_o be_v man_n of_o competent_a worth_n for_o so_o great_a a_o employment_n this_o will_v very_o much_o advance_v right_a and_o determine_v dispute_n and_o controversy_n which_o now_o frequent_o be_v again_o revive_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o verdict_n of_o weak_a and_o unable_a jury_n and_o it_o be_v happy_a for_o the_o public_a if_o a_o act_n be_v make_v to_o that_o purpose_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o shall_v discuss_v be_v the_o loss_n of_o life_n in_o case_n of_o theft_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n thereupon_o in_o which_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n or_o reason_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n for_o theft_n and_o shall_v incur_v so_o great_a a_o forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n as_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n and_o corruption_n of_o his_o blood_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v a_o commandment_n against_o it_o thou_o shall_v not_o steal_v but_o there_o be_v no_o penalty_n inflict_v upon_o those_o that_o do_v but_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n exod._n 22._o vers._n 1._o if_o a_o man_n steal_v a_o ox_n or_o a_o sheep_n and_o kill_v it_o or_o sell_v it_o he_o shall_v restore_v five_o ox_n for_o the_o ox_n and_o four_o sheep_n for_o the_o sheep_n and_o vers._n 4._o if_o the_o theft_n be_v find_v with_o he_o alive_a whether_o it_o be_v ox_n or_o ass_n or_o sheep_n he_o shall_v restore_v the_o double_a so_o that_o by_o that_o law_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o restitution_n but_o no_o life_n be_v then_o in_o danger_n but_o to_o this_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o that_o law_n be_v give_v to_o the_o jew_n only_o to_o observe_v and_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o we_o to_o this_o i_o say_v that_o have_v it_o be_v a_o equal_a and_o just_a law_n to_o suffer_v death_n in_o such_o case_n without_o doubt_n it_o have_v be_v impose_v upon_o they_o to_o observe_v for_o in_o the_o chapter_n before_o murder_n be_v make_v death_n life_n for_o life_n that_o be_v equal_a punishment_n but_o life_n for_o any_o worldly_a or_o temporal_a substance_n whatsoever_o hold_v not_o the_o least_o equality_n of_o proportion_n for_o one_o man_n life_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o esteem_v than_o all_o the_o treasure_n upon_o the_o earth_n man_n be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o certain_o we_o ought_v to_o deal_v tender_o with_o his_o image_n and_o if_o god_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n over_o all_o his_o creature_n think_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v the_o magistrate_n who_o be_v his_o vicegerent_n here_o upon_o earth_n such_o power_n over_o the_o life_n of_o man_n but_o have_v reserve_v it_o to_o himself_o except_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n how_o dare_v then_o any_o power_n or_o authority_n what_o soever_o usurp_v it_o the_o
reason_n and_o conscience_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n as_o a_o man_n of_o full_a age_n why_o then_o the_o law_n shall_v not_o tie_v he_o to_o it_o i_o know_v no_o reason_n i_o mean_v for_o debt_n contract_v after_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n and_o if_o the_o law_n then_o judge_v he_o to_o be_v discreet_a why_o shall_v it_o not_o make_v he_o just_a and_o honest_a man_n of_o themselves_o natural_o be_v too_o prone_a to_o injustice_n and_o unrighteous_a deal_n one_o with_o another_o therefore_o very_o unfit_a that_o they_o shall_v receive_v the_o least_o encouragement_n to_o it_o how_o frequent_a a_o thing_n be_v it_o for_o man_n in_o such_o case_n to_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o infancy_n and_o most_o unjust_o to_o cozen_v their_o creditor_n of_o their_o just_a debt_n which_o in_o conscience_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o satisfy_v but_o here_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o it_o be_v the_o creditors_n fault_n to_o trust_v such_o a_o one_o who_o be_v under_o age_n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o suffer_v he_o may_v thank_v himself_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o though_o the_o ignorance_n of_o law_n will_v not_o excuse_v a_o man_n the_o ignorance_n of_o fact_n will_v and_o how_o a_o man_n shall_v know_v such_o a_o one_o to_o be_v a_o infant_n since_o many_o nay_o most_o man_n may_v and_o do_v deceive_v their_o judge_n by_o their_o look_n i_o can_v think_v or_o imagine_v and_o he_o that_o shall_v inquire_v his_o customer_n age_n may_v sit_v still_o in_o his_o shop_n and_o blow_v his_o finger_n for_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o certain_o that_o law_n be_v most_o just_a that_o give_v the_o least_o liberty_n or_o advantage_n of_o fraud_n or_o deceit_n to_o man_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o shall_v speak_v of_o and_o in_o that_o i_o shall_v be_v very_o short_a be_v clergy_n and_o in_o that_o i_o shall_v propound_v this_o short_a question_n whether_o clergy_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o justice_n or_o no_o clergy_n be_v when_o a_o man_n be_v convict_v of_o manslaughter_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n or_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o may_v have_v his_o book_n and_o thereupon_o pray_v his_o clergy_n that_o be_v that_o he_o may_v have_v his_o book_n which_o be_v grant_v the_o ordinary_a be_v a_o clergy_n man_n and_o heretofore_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v the_o ordinary_a open_v the_o book_n and_o turn_v he_o to_o a_o place_n to_o read_v and_o read_v the_o court_n demand_v whether_o he_o read_v as_o a_o clerk_n if_o the_o ordinary_a say_v that_o he_o do_v he_o save_v his_o life_n by_o it_o and_o be_v only_o burn_v in_o the_o hand_n we_o must_v know_v that_o the_o original_a of_o this_o use_n of_o clergy_n be_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o world_n be_v in_o its_o minority_n i_o mean_v this_o little_a world_n and_o there_o be_v but_o few_o clerk_n or_o learned_a man_n and_o then_o in_o favour_n and_o for_o encouragement_n of_o learning_n as_o also_o for_o supply_v of_o place_n which_o be_v destitute_a of_o man_n of_o such_o ability_n this_o law_n or_o privilege_n of_o clergy_n be_v invent_v and_o approve_v of_o for_o save_v of_o such_o man_n life_n in_o some_o case_n for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o woman_n can_v not_o have_v their_o book_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v clerk_n now_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o any_o one_o whether_o the_o cause_n or_o reason_n of_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n hold_v to_o this_o day_n or_o not_o if_o it_o do_v not_o what_o reason_n can_v there_o be_v to_o continue_v it_o for_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v cessante_fw-la causâ_fw-la cessat_fw-la effectus_fw-la the_o cause_n cease_v the_o effect_n likewise_o cease_v and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o nothing_o more_o evident_a for_o certain_o god_n be_v thank_v for_o it_o england_n never_o more_o abound_v with_o learned_a man_n than_o it_o do_v now_o and_o therefore_o no_o want_n of_o such_o clerk_n as_o they_o be_v that_o this_o law_n stand_v not_o with_o reason_n i_o shall_v offer_v these_o thing_n to_o consideration_n first_o the_o slightness_n and_o inconsiderableness_n especial_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v now_o of_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o read_v of_o a_o line_n or_o two_o shall_v save_v a_o man_n life_n by_o which_o the_o crime_n be_v no_o way_n answer_v or_o satisfy_v for_o second_o it_o may_v prove_v very_o unjust_a for_o if_o several_a man_n be_v convict_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o offence_n one_o may_v happy_o read_v the_o other_o not_o so_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v thereby_o save_v his_o life_n and_o the_o other_o suffer_v which_o can_v stand_v with_o justice_n but_o where_o they_o be_v both_o equal_o guilty_a and_o so_o have_v deserve_v death_n yet_o to_o pardon_v one_o may_v be_v just_a for_o that_o the_o one_o may_v have_v be_v a_o more_o notorious_a offender_n than_o the_o other_o and_o so_o not_o deserve_v the_o least_o favour_n but_o for_o one_o to_o have_v power_n to_o save_v himself_o and_o not_o the_o other_o that_o i_o judge_v very_o hard_a and_o unreasonable_a last_o if_o there_o be_v reason_n in_o the_o thing_n itself_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o in_o many_o place_n the_o character_n be_v a_o old_a letter_n too_o and_o so_o hard_a to_o be_v read_v make_v it_o very_o unreasonable_a so_o that_o i_o may_v safe_o say_v be_v it_o not_o through_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o court_n not_o one_o of_o twenty_o can_v save_v their_o life_n by_o read_v since_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n for_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o law_n as_o there_o be_v not_o for_o any_o that_o want_v reason_n for_o the_o support_n of_o it_o i_o think_v it_o be_v better_o in_o such_o case_n where_o clergy_n be_v allowable_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v only_o burn_v in_o the_o hand_n as_o woman_n be_v and_o so_o set_v at_o liberty_n which_o nevertheless_o i_o submit_v to_o grave_a judgement_n the_o next_o i_o shall_v write_v of_o be_v the_o distinction_n in_o law_n betwixt_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n and_o therein_o put_v this_o short_a question_n whether_o the_o law_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o suffer_v death_n for_o manslaughter_n be_v not_o against_o the_o word_n of_o god_n the_o distinction_n in_o law_n betwixt_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n be_v thus_o murder_n be_v when_o one_o be_v slay_v with_o a_o man_n will_n and_o with_o malice_n prepense_a or_o forethought_a as_o where_o two_o fall_v out_o one_o day_n appoint_v the_o field_n the_o next_o day_n and_o then_o meet_v according_a and_o one_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v this_o be_v murder_n in_o the_o other_o be_v do_v premeditated_o and_o upon_o cool_a blood_n and_o for_o this_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o have_v his_o clergy_n but_o shall_v suffer_v death_n homicide_n or_o manslaughter_n as_o it_o be_v legal_o take_v be_v when_o one_o be_v slay_v with_o a_o man_n will_n but_o not_o with_o malice_n prepense_a as_o where_o two_o be_v together_o fall_v out_o and_o both_o draw_v upon_o each_o other_o and_o one_o kill_v the_o other_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o hot_a blood_n be_v but_o manslaughter_n for_o which_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o clergy_n and_o save_v his_o life_n now_o how_o this_o distinction_n stand_v with_o the_o word_n of_o god_n that_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v by_o the_o judicial_a law_n exod._n 21._o 12._o he_o that_o smite_v a_o man_n and_o he_o die_v shall_v die_v the_o death_n and_o numb._n 35._o vers._n 16._o and_o if_o one_o smite_v another_o with_o a_o instrument_n of_o iron_n or_o with_o a_o stone_n or_o other_o instrument_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o verse_n follow_v that_o he_o die_v he_o be_v a_o murderer_n and_o the_o murderer_n shall_v die_v the_o death_n say_v the_o marginal_a note_n witting_o and_o willing_o and_o certain_o in_o the_o case_n of_o manslaughter_n the_o man_n be_v witting_o and_o willing_o kill_v i_o can_v cite_v many_o other_o place_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a now_o in_o these_o place_n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o that_o kill_v another_o shall_v die_v the_o death_n here_o be_v no_o such_o qualification_n or_o distinction_n as_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n it_o be_v true_a that_o where_o a_o man_n kill_v another_o unaware_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la as_o we_o say_v in_o law_n which_o we_o call_v chancemedd_o in_o such_o case_n because_o it_o be_v not_o do_v with_o his_o will_n it_o please_v god_n in_o mercy_n to_o provide_v sanctuary_n or_o city_n of_o refuge_n for_o such_o offender_n to_o flee_v unto_o to_o save_v their_o life_n and_o the_o only_a punishment_n be_v that_o they_o be_v to_o continue_v there_o unto_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n so_o
in_o our_o law_n where_o one_o be_v slay_v casual_o and_o by_o misadventure_n without_o the_o will_n of_o he_o that_o do_v the_o act_n he_o shall_v not_o die_v for_o it_o but_o instead_o of_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n aforesaid_a that_o he_o may_v not_o go_v altogether_o unpunished_a who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o death_n he_o forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n for_o it_o it_o be_v plain_a and_o evident_a therefore_o by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n that_o he_o that_o wilful_o kill_v another_o shall_v suffer_v death_n for_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o hot_a or_o cool_a blood_n it_o differ_v not_o how_o then_o can_v that_o law_n be_v just_a be_v it_o upon_o what_o politic_a principle_n soever_o that_o save_v the_o life_n of_o such_o a_o offender_n other_o satisfaction_n can_v be_v none_o and_o if_o god_n require_v that_o how_o dare_v we_o do_v the_o contrary_a he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o heat_n of_o blood_n deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v when_o it_o be_v cool_a and_o it_o be_v a_o sad_a and_o doleful_a thing_n to_o consider_v how_o many_o thousand_o of_o life_n this_o law_n have_v take_v away_o by_o encourage_v other_o to_o commit_v the_o same_o offence_n consider_v their_o life_n be_v not_o in_o danger_n i_o shall_v conclude_v it_o with_o that_o in_o the_o numb._n cap._n 35._o vers._n 33._o blood_n defile_v the_o land_n and_o the_o land_n can_v be_v cleanse_v of_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v shed_v therein_o but_o by_o the_o blood_n of_o he_o that_o shed_v it_o the_o next_o thing_n that_o come_v in_o consideration_n be_v concerning_o counsel_n in_o treason_n or_o felony_n and_o in_o that_o i_o shall_v propound_v this_o short_a question_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a law_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o have_v counsel_n upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o treason_n or_o felony_n that_o the_o law_n be_v such_o it_o be_v admit_v and_o without_o dispute_n and_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v give_v for_o it_o be_v that_o the_o indictment_n be_v heretofore_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o king_n the_o king_n intend_v nothing_o but_o justice_n with_o favour_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v be_v content_v that_o the_o justice_n shall_v help_v forth_o the_o party_n as_o far_o as_o reason_n and_o justice_n may_v suffer_v and_o that_o in_o all_o thing_n that_o pertain_v to_o the_o form_n of_o plead_v the_o judge_n shall_v so_o instruct_v the_o party_n that_o they_o incur_v no_o damage_n thereby_o this_o reason_n at_o the_o first_o aspect_n seem_v very_o plausible_a but_o better_o dive_v into_o i_o doubt_v it_o will_v not_o appear_v so_o do_v not_o we_o know_v that_o though_o the_o judge_n be_v swear_v to_o do_v right_a between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n that_o yet_o they_o be_v the_o more_o immediate_a counsel_n of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o a_o poor_a man_n may_v happy_o find_v justice_n as_o have_v nothing_o but_o a_o life_n to_o lose_v i_o doubt_v it_o do_v not_o always_o fare_v so_o with_o the_o rich_a and_o therefore_o heretofore_o when_o any_o gentleman_n have_v commit_v any_o crime_n for_o which_o his_o life_n be_v in_o danger_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o inquire_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o estate_n he_o have_v and_o if_o it_o be_v answer_v a_o good_a estate_n it_o be_v thereupon_o reply_v that_o be_v enough_o to_o hang_v he_o then_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o commit_v the_o offence_n but_o his_o estate_n be_v beg_v of_o the_o king_n by_o some_o great_a courtier_n and_o what_o relation_n there_o be_v then_o between_o the_o judge_n and_o the_o court_n we_o very_o well_o know_v but_o to_o say_v no_o more_o but_o this_o suppose_v it_o shall_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o judge_n be_v a_o weak_a ignorant_a man_n himself_o before_o who_o the_o trial_n be_v as_o we_o have_v not_o be_v want_v of_o the_o like_a experience_n in_o our_o age_n who_o then_o shall_v advise_v the_o prisoner_n be_v not_o this_o then_o a_o case_n of_o great_a extremity_n and_o injustice_n to_o conclude_v in_o the_o most_o petty_a ordinary_a and_o inconsiderable_a action_n that_o be_v the_o law_n allow_v a_o man_n counsel_n why_o then_o shall_v it_o be_v deny_v he_o in_o a_o case_n of_o the_o high_a concernment_n to_o he_o that_o can_v be_v his_o life_n if_o he_o shall_v have_v counsel_n in_o lesser_a thing_n why_o not_o in_o great_a where_o there_o be_v most_o need_n of_o it_o we_o say_v that_o life_n be_v one_o of_o the_o law_n favourite_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o deal_v withal_o in_o this_o case_n but_o now_o the_o court_n be_v go_v i_o hope_v this_o law_n will_v in_o time_n be_v alter_v the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v action_n for_o slanderous_a word_n in_o which_o i_o make_v this_o question_n whether_o action_n for_o slanderous_a word_n be_v mere_a contentious_a suit_n aught_o in_o reason_n or_o conscience_n to_o be_v so_o much_o countenance_v as_o they_o be_v never_o do_v these_o action_n more_o abound_v to_o the_o great_a and_o intolerable_a vexation_n of_o the_o people_n than_o they_o do_v now_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v and_o certain_o never_o in_o a_o better_a time_n than_o now_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v suppress_v that_o word_n only_o of_o brangle_n heat_n and_o choler_n may_v not_o be_v so_o much_o as_o mention_v in_o those_o high_a and_o honourable_a court_n of_o justice_n for_o i_o profess_v for_o my_o part_n i_o judge_v of_o they_o as_o a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o professor_n thereof_o especial_o when_o i_o consider_v that_o they_o be_v use_v only_o to_o promote_v the_o malice_n and_o vent_v the_o spleen_n of_o private_a jar_n and_o discontent_n among_o man_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o condemn_v all_o action_n for_o word_n neither_o for_o it_o be_v just_a and_o equal_a that_o where_o a_o man_n life_n livelihood_n or_o reputation_n which_o be_v dear_a and_o near_o to_o he_o than_o the_o former_a be_v much_o prejudice_v and_o endanger_v by_o such_o scandal_n that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o offender_n shall_v be_v enforce_v by_o action_n to_o make_v compensation_n but_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v flee_v to_o the_o law_n out_o of_o malice_n and_o make_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n maintainer_n of_o every_o small_a and_o vain_a brabble_n this_o seem_v to_o i_o utter_o unlawful_a and_o intolerable_a among_o christian_n i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o which_o wray_n chief_a justice_n say_v in_o cook_n 4._o book_n that_o though_o slander_n and_o false_a imputation_n be_v to_o be_v repress_v because_o that_o oftentimes_o à _fw-la verbis_fw-la ad_fw-la verbera_fw-la perventum_fw-la est_fw-la man_n fall_v from_o word_n to_o blow_n yet_o he_o say_v that_o the_o judge_n have_v resolve_v that_o action_n for_o scandal_n shall_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o any_o strain_a construction_n or_o argument_n nor_o any_o favour_n extend_v for_o supportation_n of_o they_o and_o he_o add_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o because_o they_o do_v abound_v more_o in_o these_o day_n than_o in_o time_n past_a and_o the_o intemperance_n and_o malice_n of_o man_n increase_v et_fw-la malitiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la est_fw-la obviandum_fw-la and_o further_o add_v that_o in_o our_o old_a book_n action_n for_o scandal_n be_v very_o rare_a and_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v be_v for_o word_n of_o eminent_a slander_n and_o of_o great_a â—â—portance_n this_o must_v needs_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v a_o most_o exact_a and_o true_a observation_n for_o if_o i_o miscount_n not_o i_o find_v but_o nine_o report_v case_n for_o word_n from_o e._n 3._o time_n in_o which_o they_o begin_v to_o q._n elis._n and_o then_o they_o extreme_o multiply_v and_o so_o have_v do_v ever_o since_o to_o the_o great_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o law_n and_o certain_o these_o be_v very_o much_o against_o religion_n and_o peaceable_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o how_o much_o do_v s._n paul_n in_o all_o of_o his_o epistle_n decry_v and_o labour_n to_o depress_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v all_o vain_a brabble_n strife_n debate_n and_o contention_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o common-peace_n and_o i_o be_o confident_a nothing_o more_o tend_v that_o way_n than_o such_o idle_a frivolous_a action_n as_o these_o be_v and_o to_o those_o that_o go_v to_o law_n for_o scandalous_a word_n except_o in_o extraâ—â—â—inarie_a case_n a_o man_n may_v just_o use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n that_o it_o be_v so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o wise_a man_n among_o they_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o man_n will_v be_v more_o careful_a of_o the_o management_n of_o this_o little_a yet_o unruly_a member_n in_o which_o be_v seat_v either_o heaven_n or_o hell_n this_o be_v that_o which_o often_o prove_v the_o great_a good_a or_o the_o great_a evil_n
to_o most_o man_n which_o cause_n dissension_n among_o man_n in_o family_n kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n wherefore_o i_o can_v wish_v that_o every_o man_n will_v take_v up_o the_o say_n of_o the_o prophet_n david_n and_o careful_o observe_v it_o i_o will_v take_v heed_n to_o my_o way_n that_o i_o offend_v not_o with_o my_o tongue_n i_o will_v keep_v my_o mouth_n as_o with_o a_o bridle_n but_o now_o i_o beseech_v you_o give_v i_o leave_v and_o i_o shall_v in_o a_o word_n inform_v you_o how_o these_o frivolous_a contentious_a action_n may_v be_v very_o much_o abate_v if_o not_o whole_o take_v away_o let_v no_o word_n be_v actionable_a which_o do_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v speak_v in_o choler_n and_o passion_n or_o if_o actionable_a yet_o let_v the_o plaintiff_n recover_v no_o more_o in_o damage_n than_o he_o can_v upon_o oath_n make_v appear_v that_o he_o be_v real_o and_o actual_o damnify_v by_o the_o speak_n of_o they_o and_o if_o this_o be_v provide_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n these_o action_n will_v be_v as_o strange_a and_o as_o rare_o bring_v for_o time_n to_o come_v as_o they_o be_v in_o former_a age_n for_o nothing_o encourage_v the_o bring_n of_o they_o more_o than_o the_o intolerable_a unjust_a and_o excessive_a damage_n usual_o recover_v by_o they_o i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o this_o though_o the_o tongue_n of_o man_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n wherefore_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v use_v as_o bellows_o to_o blow_v the_o coal_n the_o next_o thing_n that_o i_o be_o to_o consider_v be_v concerning_o action_n that_o die_v with_o the_o person_n and_o therein_o the_o question_n be_v in_o short_a but_o this_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a law_n that_o action_n shall_v die_v with_o the_o person_n the_o rule_n be_v actio_fw-la moritur_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la now_o what_o those_o action_n be_v that_o shall_v die_v with_o the_o person_n be_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v inquire_v into_o and_o first_o negative_o quicquid_fw-la oritur_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la vel_fw-la conventione_fw-la non_fw-la moritur_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la whatsoever_o arise_v by_o way_n of_o covenant_n or_o contract_n do_v not_o die_v with_o the_o person_n affirmative_o all_o action_n that_o be_v say_v in_o law_n to_o be_v mere_o personal_a as_o trespass_n debt_n upon_o simple_a contract_n battery_n word_n debt_n upon_o a_o escape_n against_o a_o keeper_n of_o a_o prison_n etc._n etc._n and_o such_o in_o law_n die_v with_o the_o person_n and_o no_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o executor_n this_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a law_n and_o a_o failer_z of_o justice_n that_o i_o shall_v suffer_v against_o law_n and_o that_o the_o death_n of_o he_o that_o do_v the_o wrong_n there_o be_v no_o act_n or_o default_n in_o i_o shall_v take_v away_o my_o remedy_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o law_n in_o case_n of_o a_o bond_n covenant_n or_o the_o like_a bind_v the_o executor_n though_o he_o be_v not_o name_v and_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n because_o the_o executor_n represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n why_o then_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n shall_v not_o a_o personal_a tort_n of_o the_o testator_n as_o well_o bind_v the_o executor_n beside_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o the_o act_n of_o god_n as_o it_o be_v here_o in_o case_n of_o death_n shall_v prejudice_v no_o man_n why_o then_o in_o such_o case_n shall_v it_o take_v away_o my_o action_n again_o there_o be_v another_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o lex_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la deficere_fw-la conquerentibus_fw-la in_fw-la justitia_fw-la exhibenda_fw-la the_o law_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v defective_a in_o exhibit_v justice_n to_o complainant_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n be_v defective_a in_o justice_n if_o the_o inevitable_a fate_n of_o death_n shall_v take_v away_o my_o action_n there_o be_v likewise_o another_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o lex_fw-la nulli_fw-la facit_fw-la injuriam_fw-la the_o law_n injure_v no_o man_n but_o i_o say_v in_o this_o case_n it_o injure_v i_o if_o it_o deprive_v i_o of_o my_o action_n by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n in_o fine_a where_o ever_o there_o be_v a_o damage_n there_o ought_v in_o reason_n to_o be_v a_o satisfaction_n for_o it_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v away_o or_o otherwise_o discharge_v but_o by_o my_o act_n that_o be_o damnify_v which_o i_o submit_v to_o judgement_n the_o next_o thing_n that_o i_o shall_v debate_v be_v concerning_o pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v and_o in_o that_o propound_v this_o question_n whether_o the_o law_n or_o judgement_n of_o penance_n or_o pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v against_o a_o man_n who_o be_v indict_v of_o felony_n and_o stand_v mute_a be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n and_o conscience_n or_o not_o this_o law_n or_o judgement_n of_o penance_n or_o pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v be_v that_o which_o we_o common_o call_v press_v to_o death_n which_o be_v use_v in_o such_o case_n where_o a_o man_n be_v indict_v of_o felony_n upon_o matter_n evident_a and_o provable_a for_o in_o case_n of_o a_o appeal_n this_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v nor_o do_v it_o hold_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n or_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n and_o thereupon_o stand_v mute_a in_o such_o case_n say_v the_o statutâ—_n of_o westminst._n 1._o cap._n 12._o solent_fw-la mise_n en_fw-fr la_fw-fr prison_n fort_fw-fr and_o dure_v etc._n etc._n that_o be_v they_o shall_v have_v strong_a and_o hard_a imprisonment_n by_o the_o way_n i_o shall_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o word_n of_o this_o law_n do_v not_o extent_n to_o pain_n but_o only_o to_o fort_n and_o dure_v to_o hard_a and_o strong_a imprisonment_n and_o therefore_o since_o that_o law_n i_o can_v understand_v the_o ground_n or_o reason_n of_o that_o cruel_a and_o heavy_a judgement_n which_o be_v give_v in_o such_o case_n hard_a and_o strong_a imprisonment_n may_v be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o a_o offender_n according_a to_o that_o law_n without_o press_v and_o starve_v to_o death_n by_o famine_n and_o cold_a nor_o can_v i_o conceive_v those_o word_n to_o extend_v to_o death_n but_o admitr_a the_o law_n be_v such_o i_o shall_v that_o all_o may_v understand_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n before_o i_o go_v any_o further_o let_v you_o know_v what_o it_o be_v to_o stand_v mute_a and_o in_o what_o case_n a_o man_n may_v be_v say_v to_o stand_v mute_a and_o what_o the_o judgement_n thereupon_o be_v my_o lord_n cook_n in_o his_o 2_o part_n of_o his_o institute_n fol._n 177._o upon_o the_o foresay_a statute_n say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v stand_v mute_o two_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o when_o he_o stand_v mute_a without_o speak_v of_o any_o thing_n and_o then_o it_o shall_v be_v inquire_v whether_o he_o stand_v mute_o of_o malice_n or_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n if_o it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n then_o to_o proceed_v and_o the_o judge_n to_o make_v inquiry_n and_o to_o allow_v he_o all_o plea_n as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o stand_v mute_o and_o the_o word_n of_o malice_n be_v remarkable_a for_o it_o may_v be_v the_o prisoner_n in_o truth_n can_v speak_v and_o yet_o be_v not_o mute_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n he_o shall_v be_v forthwith_o put_v to_o his_o penance_n as_o if_o the_o delinquent_n cut_v out_o his_o own_o tongue_n and_o thereby_o become_v mute_a another_o kind_n of_o mute_n be_v when_o the_o prisoner_n can_v speak_v and_o perhaps_o plead_v not_o guilty_a or_o plead_v a_o plea_n in_o law_n and_o will_v not_o conclude_v to_o the_o enquest_n according_a to_o the_o foresay_a act_n or_o speak_v much_o but_o do_v not_o direct_o answer_v etc._n etc._n to_o be_v short_a when_o in_o the_o end_n he_o will_v not_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o enquest_n that_o be_v de_fw-la bono_fw-la and_o malo_fw-la to_o be_v try_v by_o god_n and_o the_o country_n then_o the_o foresay_a act_n be_v sufficient_a warrant_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v evident_a or_o probable_a to_o put_v he_o to_o his_o penance_n but_o if_o he_o demur_v in_o law_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v against_o he_o he_o shall_v have_v judgement_n to_o be_v hang_v so_o if_o he_o challenge_v above_o the_o number_n of_o 36._o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v and_o not_o have_v pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v i_o shall_v not_o inquire_v what_o the_o common_a law_n be_v before_o the_o make_v the_o say_a statute_n whether_o the_o prisoner_n then_o stade_v mute_a shall_v be_v hang_v as_o some_o hold_v and_o as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v in_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n and_o as_o they_o say_v in_o case_n of_o appeal_n or_o whether_o then_o in_o favour_n of_o life_n he_o shall_v neither_o have_v pain_n fort_n and_o dure_v nor_o have_v judgement_n to_o be_v hang_v but_o to_o be_v remand_v to_o prison_n until_o he_o will_v answer_v according_a
to_o other_o but_o the_o first_o thing_n i_o shall_v consider_v be_v what_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o foresay_a act_n call_v fort_n and_o dure_v be_v and_o than_o what_o the_o reason_n shall_v be_v that_o so_o severe_a a_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o that_o case_n and_o then_o we_o may_v easy_o judge_v whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n and_o conscience_n the_o judgement_n be_v that_o the_o man_n or_o woman_n shall_v be_v remand_v to_o the_o prison_n and_o lay_v there_o in_o some_o low_a and_o dark_a house_n where_o they_o shall_v lie_v naked_a on_o the_o bare_a earth_n without_o any_o litter_n rush_n or_o other_o clothing_n and_o without_o any_o garment_n about_o they_o but_o something_o to_o cover_v their_o privy_a part_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v lie_v upon_o their_o back_n their_o head_n uncover_v and_o their_o foot_n and_o one_o arm_n shall_v be_v draw_v to_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o house_n with_o a_o cord_n and_o the_o other_o arm_n to_o another_o quarter_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n shall_v be_v do_v with_o their_o leg_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o their_o body_n iron_n and_o stone_n so_o much_o as_o they_o may_v bear_v and_o more_o and_o the_o next_o day_n follow_v they_o shall_v have_v three_o morsel_n of_o barley_n bread_n without_o any_o drink_n and_o the_o second_o day_n they_o shall_v drink_v thrice_o of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v next_o to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o prison_n except_o run_v water_n without_o any_o bread_n and_o this_o shall_v be_v their_o diet_n until_o they_o be_v dead_a well_o may_v my_o lord_n cook_n style_v it_o as_o he_o do_v after_o a_o strange_a and_o stupendous_a punishment_n for_o when_o i_o first_o read_v it_o i_o be_v even_o amaze_v and_o astonish_v at_o it_o that_o such_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v tolerate_v among_o christian_n much_o more_o among_o protestant_n strict_a professor_n of_o christianity_n put_v to_o death_n with_o such_o aggravation_n of_o torture_n and_o misery_n be_v rare_o to_o be_v hear_v or_o read_v of_o except_o among_o heathen_n turk_n and_o infidel_n here_o be_v a_o die_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n though_o all_o but_o one_o death_n which_o will_v at_o last_o nonplus_n tyranny_n and_o put_v a_o period_n to_o all_o such_o like_a torture_n onere_fw-la fame_n and_o frigore_fw-la by_o weight_n famine_n and_o cold_a and_o therefore_o say_v my_o lord_n cook_n this_o punishment_n if_o it_o be_v execute_v according_a to_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o grievous_a and_o fearful_a i_o confess_v i_o have_v not_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n nor_o will_v i_o for_o all_o the_o world_n of_o any_o man_n suffering_n in_o that_o kind_n though_o it_o be_v every_o year_n experience_n of_o some_o man_n undergo_n that_o death_n and_o i_o do_v believe_v according_a to_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n too_o for_o it_o lie_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n much_o less_o of_o the_o executioner_n any_o way_n to_o lessen_v or_o mitigate_v it_o after_o judgement_n past_a but_o now_o for_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o heavy_a and_o terrible_a judgement_n which_o be_v according_a to_o the_o foresay_a act_n because_o he_o refuse_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o be_v lawful_a and_o due_a trial_n according_a to_o law_n and_o therefore_o his_o punishment_n for_o this_o contumacy_n without_o comparison_n be_v more_o severe_a last_a and_o grievous_a than_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v for_o the_o offence_n of_o felony_n itself_o and_o for_o the_o felony_n itself_o it_o can_v be_v adjudge_v without_o answer_n a_o very_o strange_a thing_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v suffer_v ten_o fold_n more_o for_o his_o wilful_a obstinacy_n in_o refuse_v to_o put_v himself_o upon_o a_o legal_a trial_n than_o he_o shall_v for_o his_o crime_n or_o offence_n which_o be_v a_o hundredfold_o great_a more_o for_o the_o lesser_a than_o the_o great_a offence_n more_o for_o contumacy_n than_o murder_n the_o punishment_n ought_v to_o agree_v and_o to_o hold_v proportion_n with_o the_o offence_n and_o not_o to_o exceed_v it_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v that_o a_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o his_o offence_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 14._o be_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v punish_v secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la delicti_fw-la according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o offence_n but_o certain_o here_o be_v not_o the_o least_o equality_n or_o proportion_n between_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o punishment_n contumacy_n the_o offence_n press_v and_o starve_v to_o death_n the_o punishment_n it_o be_v true_a that_o god_n have_v genes_n 9_o 6._o command_v the_o murderer_n blood_n to_o be_v shed_v by_o man_n the_o murderer_n not_o the_o thief_n and_o thereby_o enstate_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n on_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n not_o only_o permit_v he_o and_o make_v it_o lawful_a for_o he_o so_o to_o punish_v such_o malefactor_n but_o command_v and_o require_v he_o so_o to_o do_v as_o his_o minister_n to_o execute_v wrath_n for_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o bear_v the_o sword_n in_o vain_a but_o this_o commission_n be_v not_o give_v to_o he_o absolute_o and_o arbitrary_o to_o use_v as_o he_o list_v though_o he_o may_v take_v away_o the_o murderer_n life_n yet_o he_o have_v no_o rule_n nor_o warrant_n to_o take_v it_o away_o by_o cruel_a and_o exquisite_a torture_n and_o torment_n that_o be_v praeter_fw-la mandatum_fw-la beside_o the_o command_n mercy_n be_v one_o of_o god_n attribute_n and_o even_o the_o very_a sum_n and_o body_n of_o the_o scripture_n therefore_o tyranny_n must_v needs_o be_v against_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o god_n religion_n and_o christianity_n take_v away_o man_n life_n by_o cruel_a torture_n be_v diabolical_a and_o heathenish_a it_o be_v the_o devil_n part_n to_o torture_v and_o torment_n and_o it_o be_v no_o strange_a thing_n for_o wild_a beast_n to_o be_v cruel_a but_o that_o homo_fw-la homini_fw-la daemon_n one_o man_n shall_v act_n the_o part_n of_o the_o devil_n with_o another_o or_o that_o christian_n shall_v be_v cruel_a this_o be_v contrary_a to_o our_o education_n and_o profession_n the_o magistrate_n for_o prevention_n of_o sin_n and_o wickedness_n may_v severe_o punish_v and_o correct_v yea_o and_o in_o some_o case_n take_v away_o the_o life_n too_o but_o not_o tyrannical_o barbarity_n and_o inhumanity_n suit_v not_o with_o magistracy_n the_o prophet_n david_n call_v magistrate_n god_n and_o certain_o they_o approach_v then_o near_a to_o the_o deity_n when_o they_o show_v mercy_n questionless_a it_o be_v a_o high_a and_o great_a aggravation_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o torture_v of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n by_o that_o most_o cruel_a death_n of_o the_o cross_n but_o to_o this_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o that_o be_v whole_o unjust_a in_o the_o jew_n not_o so_o here_o because_o it_o be_v a_o execution_n of_o justice_n to_o this_o i_o 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out_o of_o our_o book_n never_o to_o be_v revive_v silence_n may_v contract_v guilt_n but_o ought_v not_o so_o to_o aggravate_v punishment_n and_o certain_o a_o man_n folly_n or_o obstinacy_n will_v not_o excuse_v or_o extenuate_v the_o magistrate_n cruelty_n but_o to_o conclude_v i_o can_v pass_v by_o that_o gracious_a and_o merciful_a act_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n which_o have_v take_v away_o that_o barbarous_a and_o tyrannical_a law_n of_o quarter_n of_o man_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o doubtless_o this_o law_n if_o strict_o examine_v will_v be_v find_v as_o tyrannical_a if_o not_o more_o than_o the_o other_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o there_o be_v as_o much_o reason_n to_o take_v away_o this_o as_o that_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o continue_v long_o after_o it_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o
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discourse_v of_o be_v will_n and_o of_o that_o only_a by_o way_n of_o advice_n good_a advice_n in_o case_n of_o make_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n the_o only_a advice_n that_o i_o shall_v give_v to_o man_n in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o they_o will_v make_v their_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n in_o their_o health_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o lawyer_n not_o of_o parson_n or_o scrivener_n who_o know_v nothing_o but_o mere_a matter_n of_o form_n and_o like_o carrier_n horse_n keep_v their_o road_n judge_v their_o form_n to_o serve_v all_o case_n by_o which_o they_o raise_v infinite_a dispute_n and_o controversy_n and_o often_o undo_v many_o man_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o prejudice_n for_o any_o man_n to_o make_v his_o will_n since_o that_o in_o law_n he_o may_v revoke_v it_o when_o he_o please_v for_o voluntas_fw-la est_fw-la ambulatoria_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la i_o confess_v in_o the_o case_n of_o will_n the_o favour_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v very_o great_a for_o 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