in generation Though this answer may be satisfactory to many yet I rest upon the former that we become guilty by imputation Qu. How doth it appear that Adams sin is imputed to all his posterity A. It appears 1. Because sin was in the world before there was a Law given on Sinai as appears in that all Adams posterity were liable unto a temporal death which is the fruit of sin Rom. 5.13 Vntill the Law sin was in the world so that death raigned from the time of Adam to Moses vers 14. now sin would not have been imputed and consequently death when there is no Law Now if you say What Law was there before Moses Law without which sin would not have been imputed I answer Though there was the Law of Nature writ in our hearts by Nature yet the Law the Apostle there speaks of was this mentioned vers 12. That by one man Adam sinning all mankinde should sin in him by that one sin of that one man Adam death should come upon all He speaks not one word of the Law of Nature 2. It appears that Adams sin is imputed to all his posterity from the death of infants Rom. 5.14 Death reigned from Adam to Moses and so along even over them who had not sinned after the similitude of Adams transgression which cannot be meant otherwise then of infants who had not sinned actually as Adam had so that the Apostle argues thus Where death reigned without guilt of their own actual sin there necessarily must be an imputation of the guilt of the first sin But before the Law death reigned over those that had no guilt from their own actual sins meaning little infants that could not sin actually after the similitude of Adams transgression Therefore the guilt of the first sin is necessarily imputed to infants and if so infants much more to grown persons and so to all Q. What may we learn hence A. That there is a sinning after the similitude of Adams transgression or actually 2. That there is a sinning which is not after the similitude of Adams transgression or imputatively which is called original sin Q What is original sin A. It is the corruption of all mankinde by the fall of our first Parents naturally propagated or derived unto all making them guilty of temporal and eternal death and other punishments unless forgiveness be made in Christ Rom. 3.9 to vers 25. Rom. 5.12 13 14 15. It 's called original sin because it was in being from the beginning from the first man that ever was Q. What way is their to come out of this miserable condition A. Only by Jesus Christ Col. 1.21 22. Qu. What is Jesus Christ A. The eternal Son of God Mic. 5.2 made man Rom. 1.3 4. Q. How many are the Offices of Christ in relation to his Church A. They are three Qu. Which are they A. His Kingly office whereby he rules in his Church Psal 2.6 and in the hearts of his people Luk. 17.21 2. His Prophetical office whereby he revealing his Fathers will wee are to hear him in all things Acts 3.22 Matth. 17.5 3. His Priestly Office whereby he offers sacrifice for the sins of his people Heb. 8.3 Q. What sacrifice did Christ offer A. His own body upon the Crosse Heb. 10.10 Qu. Why did Christ offer his own body upon the Crosse A. To make satisfaction for the sins of all those that believe on him Rom. 3.25 26. Q. What is faith A. It is a matrimonial act of the soul Rom. 7.4 2 Cor. 11.3 Eph. 5.32 whereby I do not only believe that there was such a person as one Jesus Christ who dyed and rose at Jerusalem but I believe also that he dyed and rose again for me yea my soul is willing to receive him John 1.12 as my Lord and Saviour Jude 21.25 and to rest upon his satisfaction Rom. 10.10 11. Quest Whether doth Faith go before the forgiveness of sins Ans We are not first washed and then believe but in Scripture-language we first believe and afterwards are washed hence we are said to be justified by Faith Rom. 3.28 and to be purified by Faith Acts 15.9 and Christ is set forth a reconciliation through Faith in his blood Rom. 3.25 which blood though it have sufficient vertue to cleanse us from our sins yet it doth not actually purge any unless it be applyed when it is once applyed that the soul looks believingly and mournfully upon him whom he hath pierced in that day is there a Fountain set open to that soul the Fountain of Christ his blood Zach. 12.10 compared with chap. 13.1 Q. But whether is Faith or Repentance first in the soul A. Though Faith be in order before Repentance yet in respect of time they are both together in the soul for in the same moment the Children of God believe that Christ was crucified for their sins they melt under the sight of their sins which were the cause of his crucifying Zach. 12.12 13. compared with chap. 13.1 Q. How doth the soul act in receiving Christ A. There is not onely an assent of the understanding that Jesus is the Christ that came into the World to save sinners which may be in wicked men Heb. 6.4 and Devils Jam. 2.19 but there is also an act of the will whereby God offering his Son as a Prophet to be our Teacher as a King to take us into his Government as our Priest by his death and intercession to wash away our sins we look upon this offer as worthy of all acceptation 1 Tim. 1.15 and so receive Christ to be under his teachings as our Prophet Mat. 17.5 Acts 9.6 rest and repose our selves upon his Sacrifice and satisfaction as our Priest Psal 37.5 Acts 8.37 put our selves under his Government and subject our wills to his will as our King Luke 19.27 This accepting Christ by the will is that very receiving mentioned John 1.12 because whosoever thus receive him have power to become the Sons of God Qu. What are the two parts of Christ his Priesthood A. 1. His death upon the Cross whereby in respect of Gods foreknowledge Christs merit and Gods acceptation he bore the sins of all the Elect upon the Cross ransoming them to God by his death Mat. 20.28 Ephes 1.6 7. 2. His Resurrection from the dead together with his intercession in Heaven whereby as an Advocate he pleades their cause 1 John 2.6 appearing in the presence of God for them Hebrews 9.24 presenting the merits of his own death whose blood speaketh good things for them Hebrews 9.24 So that he is able to save them to the uttermost Hebrews 7.25 Q. How may a Believer know that Christ is his Advocate or Intercessor A. Hereby do we know that we know him so to be if we keep his Commandments 1 John 2.1 2 3 4. Q. How doth a Believer keep the Commandments A. 1. He keepeth them in his head Christ in whose flesh sin was condemned that the righteousness of the
hand-writings of Mosaical or Ceremonial Ordinances which did publickly profess the misery and guilt of the World and also did blot out take away and tear the damnatory power of the moral Law which being contrary to us did convince us of sin and condemn us for it Rom. 3.20 Gal. 3.10 So that as the Debter is quiet when his Debt is forgiven and the Bond cancelled so the heart of the Belâ—ever is quieted when not onely all his sins both original and actual are forgiven but also all hand-writings which may witness the same against him are taken away Col. 2.13 14. yea not onely so but also the same Lord Jesus did spoile strip and disarme the principalities and powers of Hell of all that power whereby they prosecuted the bond of the Law against us Col. 2.15 and made a triumphant shew of them so conquered to the Faith of the Believer as the triumphant Conquerors of the World were wont of old to lead the Conquered bound before their triumphant Charets all the people looking on Col. 2.15 And as in battel where the General and chief Commanders are overcome the rest of the Souldiery are also subdued so with the Devils whatsoever did war against us was overcomed as Law Sin Death Hell Heb. 2.14 1 Cor. 15.55 so that none can lay any thing to the charge of Gods Elect Rom. 8.33 Q. What is it to live by Faith A. To rest on Gods promises for justification Gal. 2.20 for Sanctification John 15.2 and for temporal things Psal 34.10 So that whereas carnal men live by sense believing no further then they see and live by their lusts helping themselves by indirect means in time of want and danger a Christian lives upon a promise Heb. 11.7 Gen. 32.9 10 11. Esther 4.4 Job 13.15 Q. Wherein is the life of faith seen A. In sundry particulars as 1. In drawing life and quickening from Christ as the branches draw sap from the root John 15.5 2. In believing pardon of sin notwithstanding many circumstances of aggravation alledged by Satan and Conscience Gal. 2.20 2. In comforting in afflictions though I be afflicted saith Faith yet it is the hand of a wise God and tender Father John 18.11 this Cup is a medicine out of a Fathers hand 4. In proposing God to the soul in the loss of all when there is nothing in the barn nor in the field faith sees enough in God 1 Sam. 30.6 Hab. 3 16 17. 2 Cor. 6.9 10. When friends dye and Credit is gone Faith tells the soul God lives and there is praise with him 5. In making a person let go the best of enjoyments for God as credit 1 Sam. 6.20 and estate Heb. 10.34 and pleasures Heb. 11.25 and life Acts 21.13 and causing him to suffer the worst of evils as reproaches Heb. 11.26 banishment Revel 1.10 and tortures Heb. 11.35 out of Conscience towards God 1 Pet. 2.19 6. In making a person refuse sinful gaine Acts. 8.21 when it might be had without any mans knowledge Prov. 21.6 7. In keeping the soul from the use of unlawful means to come out of trouble 1 Sam. 26.9 10. waiting till God open a door of deliverance Isa 28.16 8. In eying God for a good issue out of the midst of troubles 2 Chron. 20.12 because of his promise that he will never fail us nor forsake us Heb. 13.5 9. In setting before the soul the recompence of reward both in eternity of joy 2 Thes 4.17 and property of interest 1 John 5.12 all this is thine saith Faith 10. In freeing the soul from a slavish fear of death Heb. 2.15 Psal 23.4 men have found out comfort against other evils as poverty shame but faith onely professes the Cure of the fear of death Of Sins against Knowledge and Conscience Q. WHat is it to sin against knowledge or Conscience A. It is when we take the fulfilling of a lust or the performance of a duty into consideration and consider motives against the sin or to the duty and notwithstanding all these motives that would stop us yet we commit the sin Dan. 5.22 Rom. 1.24 or omit the duty Jam. 4.17 Q. Whether are all sins against Knowledge and Conscience alike or are some greater then others A. The more a person considers the issues and events of such a sin before he commits it Rom. 1.32 and the more consultations thou hast about it Dan. 6.14 and the more warnings thou hast against it whether from God Conscience or men and yet dost commit it the more hainous is thy sin Mark 14.21 Mat. 17.18 19. Yea the more sorrow and reluctancy in committing such an evil argues thou sinnest against greater knowledge Mark 6.26 for this displeasure of minde arises from the deep apprehension of the evil then a doing from which thy knowledge would stop thee but it cannot Q. Whether are sins committed against Conscience and Knowledge pardonable A. Yes 1. Because they are not the sin against the Holy Ghost 2. Because for the most voluntary sins a Sacrifice was to be offered Levit. 6.8 There were Sacrifices to be offered for him that denyed a thing that was given him to keep in the day of Restitution but if persons persecute the Truth against light and maliciously then there is no pardon for that sin Heb. 6.4 5. and 10.26 27 28 29. Yet though sins against Conscience are pardonable yet this circumstance that such a sin was deliberately committed against light makes the soul more guilty than ordinarily the sin committed therewith Qu. Wherein is the greatness of sins against Knowledge soon A. In divers respects as 1. In such sins there is a great contempt of the power of Knowledge and Justice of God Numb 15.30 Deut. 29.19 Numb 15.32 33. 2. In such sins there is more of the Will 1 Sam. 13.12 hence Saul for sinning against Conscience was cast off 1 Sam. 13.12 compared with 1 Sam. 15.14 26. 3. In such sins there is a greater resistance of that light the Spirit kindles in us Acts 5.3 Ananias and Sapphira lying against that light the Spirit set up in them were smit with sudden death for sinning so against their knowledge Acts 7.51 4. In sins against Knowledge there are fewer pretences Matth. 22.12 Joh. 15.22 In sins of ignorance men pretend they know not duty but here 's no place for such pretence Ioh. 9.41 5. We may see the greatness of such sins from the stripes proportioned to them Luke 12.48 Rom. 1.15 such are beaten with many stripes 6. In that by such sins we do at once quench the fire of the Spirit and lose the feelings of Gods Love Psal 51.11 12. Q. Why do men venture upon sins against knowledge seeing they are dangerous A. 1. Union of the heart to some lust either of gain or pleasure Matth. 15.10 compared with verse 15. 2. Lothness to take up the Crosses that lye in the way of duty Hence persons lye and do other evils against conscience 1 Sam. 13.12 Iob. 36.21 3. Presumptuous hope of
suffers it so to do 3. His ordination or appointment whereby God orders brings and disposes all things and the actions of things how disorderly soever they may seem to be to certain ends according as it seemeth good to him for the bringing about of which ends he also appointeth means Q. How is the providence of God conversant about sinne A. 1. God preserves that nature and will that produces sinful actions God hath a concurrence about sinful actions as appears Gen. 45.8 It was not you that sent me hither but God Deut. 2.30 God hardened the Spirit of Sihon King of Heshbon Psal 105.25 God changed the mindes of the Egyptians that they hated his people But as in a chain that breaks there is no link in fault but that which breaks so in these concurrences of causes none is to be blamed but the next and immediate cause which is the will of man so that though God will the being yet man alone wills the nature of sin Q. What are the positive actions of God in and about sin A. Three 1. His withdrawment of his help and grace from the creature both the help of light Deut. 29.4 The Lord hath not given you an heart to perceive and eyes to see and also the help of supportance 2 Chron. 32.31 Hezekiah was left of God to his pride that he might know what was in his heart which two helps being withdrawn the creature sins necessarily but voluntarily so that as the Sun causes darkness not by overcasting the air but by hiding his light as the staffe falls to the ground being not forced by the hand but only forsaken of it so God withdrawing either light or supportment man sins God who suffers sin hath the power of hindering without any obligation to us and man hath the power of doing without any compulsion the action in God is without fault the action in man without excuse 2. God works about sin by removing the impediments that hindered us from sinning God took away good Jehoiada and then Joash shewed his wickedness 2 Chron. 24.17 So God takes away a Master or Father that kept such a person from wickedness who being removed his wickedness appears 3. God works about sin by setting before us objects whereby he knows our corruption will be enticed as a beautiful woman before an unchast person wine or beer before a Drunkard 4. God works about sin by setting bounds to sin that it shall go so far and no further Psal 76.10 The remainder of wrath shalt thou restrain 5. God works about sin in that he preserves the person nature and faculties of the sinner even whiles he is in sinning Act. 17.28 In him we live and move as an hors-man driving a lame horse is the cause of his going not of his halting so is God the cause of our moving though not of the sinfulness in our moving Q. What use may we make of Gods providence A. 1. See that nothing befalls unto thee by chance if we take chance as a cause in opposition to God as the Philistims took it 1 Sam. 6.9 2. To perswade us to the use of prayer Gen. 24.12 Neh. 2.4 3. To free the heart from disquieting carefulness Matth. 6.32 34. 4. Eye God in all thy affaires Psal 145.15 Prov. 3.6 Psal 139.3 5. Not to fear the terrors of men and so neglect duty Matth. 10.28 29. 6. To comfort us that we are in covenant with him that sits at the stern and governs all 7. To comfort us in respect 1. of our poor condition 1 Sam. 2.7 2. against enemyes plots Luk. 11.31 33. See Exod. 34.24 3. against fear of danger Matth. 2.13 Job 29.4 8. To work patience in afflictions 1 Sam. 3.19 Psal 39.9 Job 1.20 21. Qu. In what condition did God create man at first A. In an holy and happy condition Gen. 1.26 Eccles 7.29 God made man upright which uprightness consisted in a perfect conformity of the faculties of the soul and members of the body to the will of God Eph. 4.24 Col. 3.10 Qu. Did man continue in that state wherein he was created A. No All have sinned and come short of the glory of God Rom. 3.23 Rom. 5.12 By one man sin entred into the world and death by sin and so death passed upon all men in whom all have sinned Qu. What death did Adams sin procure was it only a temporal death or was it not also eternal A. Adams sin procured to his posterity eternal death in respect of desert Rom. 5.15 If through the offence of one many be dead much more the grace of God and the gift by grace hath abounded unto many As the grace of God gift by grace abounded unto many that is to eternal life and to remission of sins so the offence on the contrary abounded unto eternal death and so it is set down vers 25. that as sin hath reigned unto death even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ as if he should say As the one is so is the other 2. Such as the justification is by the second Adam such is the condemnation by the first Adam But the justification by the second Adam is a justification of life that is of or to eternal Therefore the condemnation by the first Adam is a condemnation to eternal death Rom. 5.18 Therefore as by the offence of one the judgment came upon all men to condemnation even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men to justification of life If any man object that it 's against equity that eternal death should be inflicted for another man's sin A. The same may be said against temporal death it 's as unjust that natural life should be taken away for the sin of another yet the Objectors whether Socinians or Arminians acknowledge this 2. The will of God is the rule of righteousness and if Adam would enter into such an agreement with God that if he stood he and all his posterity should stand eternally and if he fell he and his posterity should perish eternally Who hath any thing to reason against it Hos 6.7 the words are They like Adam have transgressed the Covenant so you have it varied in the margin So that a Covenant passed betwixt God and Adam for the violation whereof on Adams part he and his incur'd eternal death and we hold it equitable in the Courts of men that for the treason of the Father the Posterity smarts also Levi in the loynes of Abraham is said to pay tithes Heb. 7.9 Qu. What did Adam passe over to his posterity besides temporal and eternal death A. Besides their being children of wrath that is not only persons with whom God is angry but upon whom his wrath abides John 3.36 they are children of wrath by nature Eph. 2.3 signifying not only that we are cursed but that we are so by nature or birth natura being derived a nascendo from being born Of Adam and Eve it might
betwixt these sinful pleasures here and the fear of eternal vengeance hereafter 5. Their combat how hot soever is still joyned with a custome and purpose of sinning so that they lay down the Cudgels to sin saying This is my nature and I must do it 2 Pet. 2.14 Now the combat in regenerate men is 1. Fierce and in the purpose of the heart against all sin though sometimes it be defective in some act or acts 2. In this combat they disallow the evil they do not onely from a principle of natural conscience which in some sins carnal men may do but also from a principle of spiritual life because it is contrary to the life which they live 3. They groan under their evils with many a sign and tear in secret yea such evils as the world takes no notice of as dead-hartedness declining of affection to God want of former feelings hard ness of heart unbelief coldness and distraction in good duties vain hopes vain fears carking cases lumpishness in Gods service risings of revenge also the tricks the soul hath had to keep off convincement in suffering times also the by-ends in the good it hath done One wears a chain as an ornament another as a fetter and would fain be rid of it so wicked men wear their lusts as ornaments to them but Gods people wear them as the heaviest chain 4. If in the combat the Flesh get the upper hand and they fall they cannot be quiet till they have turned to God and recovered their acquaintance with him Psalm 51.8 9 10 11 12. but carnal men are not troubled but add sin to sin Gen. 37.24 Q. Whether it be possible for a Christian to be assured of his union with Christ and of his acceptation into favour with God A. Yes 1. because the Scripture bids us prove our spirituall estate 2 Cor. 13.4 Gal. 6.4 1 Cor. 11.28 Now the Spirit would not bid us search for that which could not be found 2. Because the Scripture reveales unto us many evidences of our assurance some taken from our union with Christ and some from the in-dwelling of the Spirit in us Q. What markes or signs doth the Scripture reveal to evidence our union with Christ A. The most demonstrative signe or at least one of them is soveraigne love to God to the Lord better then any enjoyment of Lands Liberties Life Wife and Children Mat. 10.37 Luke 9.23 14.26 Mat. 16.24 which evidence if you leave out the soul may be deceived in others severed from this For whosoever believes in Christ his faith doth work by love Gal. 5.4 yea by a love of this measure Heb. 11.25 26 27 35. Q. What are the Witnesses that witness a Christians good condition to God-ward A. They are two 1. The witness of Gods Spirit 2. The witness of our regenerated Spirits Rom. 8.16 The Spirit beareth witness with our Spirit that we are the children of God Q. What doth the Spirit witness A. It witnesses God is our Father for we having received the Spirit of adoption thereby cry Abba Father Rom. 8.15 it witnesses the things that are freely given us of God 1 Cor. 2.9 12. Q. After what manner doth the Spirit witnesse A. Two wayes First by the impressions and stamps which like a Seal upon the Wax it maketh upon the soul Ephes 1.13 Secondly by the fruits and effects thereof Q What are the impressions or stamps the Spirit maketh upon the soul A. They are two First the stamp of Holiness whereby the Spirit changeth the Saints into the image of God from one glorious grace into another 2 Cor. 3.18 so that as a seal destroyes that image that was in the Wax before so doth the seal or stamps of the Spirit destroy corruption in the soul in respect of the reign of it and set up grace in the reign thereof Rom. 6.14 This same stamp of Holiness being throughout 1 Thess 5.23 and consisting in a change of the whole man 2 Cor. 3.18 and especially in a transformation of the minde Rom. 12.2 and will Acts 9.6 is one of the impressions of the Spirit Secondly the impression of Comfort and Feeling Psal 51.8.12 this being given of the Spirit Eph. 1.13 as an occasional refreshing not as daily food for the soul to feed upon Psal 6.8 Psal 31.22 doth shew the Spirit of God is in us 2 Cor. 1.3 yet doth not the want of his feeling prove that the Spirit of God is not in us for God doth sometimes hide himself from the soul Isa 45.15 Psal 51.8 the Spirit in respect of this feeling is one of the three witnesses that testifies Christ to be our Saviour 1 John 5.8 Q. whether is a Christians assurance and feeling all one A. No The word and promise of a powerful faithful and willing God with the Notes and Evidences of a Christians good estate as they are laid down in the Scripture are the grounds of a Christians assurance and comfortable feelings are the Crown thereof A poor deserted soul that hath little feeling may have a soveraign love of God fear of sin and an absolute purpose against it Psal 44.18 19. yea he may have uprightness of heart Job 1.1 compared with chap. 6.4 yea he may have faith in Christ Psal 22.1 yea an earnest thirsting after Christ Cant. 5.6 Now shall I have a purpose to deny credit wealth and life for Christ yea and have all the forementioned gracious fruits and shall I not have grounds of assurance that my estate is good to God-ward When Christ asked Peter whether he loved him he did not say Lord thou knowest we cannot tell whether we love thee or no but said Thou knowest that I love thee Q. Whew doth the Spirit seal the soul with comfort A. First when the soul is cast down in humiliation and earnestly longs for the light of Gods countenance Job 22.29 Isa 29.19 Secondly upon self-denial of that which is pleasant or suffering that which is painful Mat. 19.27 Thirdly after conflict with corruptions or other temptations and victory over them Apoc. 2.17 Fourthly when a believer takes paines with his heart and puts forth his strength in duty Hosea 12.4 Q What are the effects and fruits whereby the Spirit witnesses his in-being in the soul A. They are divers as 1. An inablement of the soul to do things above nature as to love the Lord Soveraignly to love our enemies to love the godly for the Image of God in them 2. When the Spirit is combating in us against all that is sin Gal. 5.17 so that we do not onely suppress the same but also lust after graces contrary thereunto 3. As the beames of the Sun shew forth the presence of the Sun so the sighs groans and meltings in holy hearts evidence that the Spirit is in them Zach. 12.10 Rom. 8.26 Q. What is the testimony of our own spirit A. It is the Testimony of a renewed Conscience witnessing us no be in the state of grace upon sufficient grounds Rom.
Mercy Deut. 29.19 Rom. 2.4 5. Psal 68.21 Q. Whether may not a child of God fall into sins against his knowledge and conscience A. 1. There are some failings in duty and stirrings of lust in godly men which are committed with knowledge but not against it for it is not in the power of knowledge to prevent them Rom. 7.15 18. these evils arise on a suddain 2. A godly man may sin against his knowledge through strength of passion and suddain furreption before he hath time to compose his heart Conscience in the act of it checks him yet he cannot keep it back so Peter denyed Christ and Ionah his Conscience told him he should not be angry when God asked him if he did well to be angry Ionah 4.9 3. A godly man may fall sometimes into deliberate sins against knowledge when that which he knows habitually he doth not actually think of the violence of the temptation blinding the judgment and beating back the voice of Conscience so David is set forth as a smarting spectacle of misery lest any man should venture as he did to have fallen into the sins of adultery and murder against knowledge Davids mind was so taken up with Bathsheba that he little thought of what he knew 4. A godly man exceeding seldom or never falls into a deliberate sin against knowledge when he doth actually and deliberately think and judge of what he knows 1 Ioh. 3.9 Q But if sinning against knowledge be so dangerous is it not best to remain in ignorance A. Ignorance when it is against a mans Will may excuse from so much guilt Luke 12.48 yet will it not excuse wholly Acts 17.30 But when it is an ignorance of wicked disposition that a man is either willingly ignorant 2 Pet. 3.5 or winks and closes up his eyes against the light Isa 30.10 11. Matth. 13.13 14. Ioh. 3.20 so that they will not read such Books nor hear such Preachers nor confer with such men as might discover truth to them God is wont not only Judicially to harden such in their blindness Matth. 13.14 compared with Iohn 12.40 but will also one day reckon with such wilful ignorants as if all their sins had been committed against Knowledge Q. What are the Covenants principally considerable which God made with his people A. Besides divers other Covenants which he made as with Noah and with every living creature both fowl and beast that there should be no more a flood to drown the Earth of which Covenant he made the Rain-bow a token Gen. 9 9 10 11. as also a Covenant made with David that his seed should still rule over Israel with the Levites that they should be his Ministers Jer. 33.20 21 25 26. And a Covenant to give the Land of Canaan to the Jews Psal 105.9 10. there are two other Covenants most considerable Q. Which are they A. 1. A carnal typical Covenant or Testament called old Heb. 8.13 second Heb. 9.1 worse Heb. 8.6 which was dedicated with the blood of beasts Exod. 24.6 7 8. compared with Heb. 9.19 This was with all Israel in the day when God took them by the hand to lead them out of the Land of Egypt Heb. 8.9 2. A spiritual or new Covenant Q. What did this old Covenant signifie A. 1. An obligation of the Jews to the Mosaical Law in general Exod. 19.5 6 7 8. Exod. 24.6 7 8. in the perfect observation whereof it's thought they were to have Canaan here and Heaven hereafter but failing in one point they were under a curse Gal. 3.10 the Ceremonial part of it also shadowed our redemption by Christ Heb. 9.18 19. Q. What was the proper effect of this old Covenant A. Bondage and slavish fear for not performing what this old Covenant did require this was signified by Hagar the bond-woman Gal. 4.24 25. and this Mount Sinai in Arabia a place without the bounds of the Land of promise and by the fleshly Jerusalem which was in bondage with her children all three which resemblances signifie that the old Covenant begot children to bondage not only under the unsupportable burthen of the Ceremonial Law Acts 15.10 which was a yoak of bondage Gal. 4.1 2 3. also chap. 5.1 but also under the bondage of the curse and of Gods wrath for not performing what the Law requires for which cause the Law is said to work wrath Rom. 4.15 to be a ministration of death 2 Cor. 3.7 and to slay the soul Rom. 7.11 Now as when a Pitcher falls upon the stones it 's the weakness of the Pitcher not of the stones that it is broken So the reason why the Law ministers death is not because of the weakness of the Law but the weakness of our flesh Rom. 8.3 Q. What is the other Covenant called A. It 's that Covenant which the Scripture cals the second Covenant Heb. 8.7 9.1 18. Heb. 10.9 or the new Covenant 1 Cor. 11.25 Heb. 8.13 9.15 or the better Covenant Heb. 7.22 as being established upon better Promises Heb. 8.6 of which Christ was surety Heb. 7.22 Q. What is this new Covenant A. It is Gods free Promise whereby he promiseth not only pardon of sins and eternal life to them that are elect or do believe the same but also doth promise to to take away the stony heart and to give them a new heart and a new spirit and to put his Laws in their minds and to write them in their hearts so that all of them from the least to the greatest know the Lord yea vouchsafes to be their God and takes them to be his people Q. What are the Articles or Branches in particular of this new Covenant A. They are these 1. Forgiveness of sins Heb. 8.12 I will be merciful to their unrighteousness and their sins and iniquities will I remember no more So that the Elect have not onely redemption from Original sin but from all transgression under the first Testament Heb. 9.15 by sprinkling clean water upon them Ezek. 26.25 Christs blood 2. A second branch is eternal life Rom. 5.15 Heb. 9.15 Christ is the Mediatour of the new Testament that by the means of death that is of Christs death they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance in this inheritance no bond-slave of Satan doth partake which appears Gal. 4.30 in the type in that the son of the Bond-woman which was Ishmael did not partake with the son of the Free-woman which was Isaac the message from God being Cast out the Bond-woman and her son for the son of the Bond-woman shall not be heir with the son of the Free-woman The third Branch is softning of the hearth Ezek. 11.19 that whereas in the natural state the heart was so hard that neither promise threat nor command mercy misery moved Now this stony heartedness is taken away that the soul melts under the sense of Christs sufferings it 's own infirmities and Gods mercies The fourth Branch is Newness whereby Christ doth not onely
Devil and his Angels Q. But seeing there are some wretched men that deny the Scriptures how shall I know the Scriptures to be Gods Word A. There are many grounds to sway the Conscience to belief of them as 1. The Witness of Gods Spirit which is promised to be given to all the Elect together with the word Isa 59.21 2. As natural bodies declare what they are as Sun Moon Stars Fire Water Gold Silver Hony so doth the word Psal 19.7 8 9 no book but breaths out holiness to the Lord no Chapter hardly but takes off our hearts from the World it sets forth his infinite mercy to his Saints and infinite justice to the wicked The Scripture is like the light which not onely shews other things but it self 3. The agreement of the Scriptures one part with another though the writers lived remote one from another and in several ages of the World How could they have so agreed were they not written by one Spirit Seeing two Historians if they write of any time or occurrence through ignorance partiality and forgetfulness they will contradict each other if they be onely humane writers besides for the old Testament we have the Jews the utterest enemies of Christianity witnessing it and and for the new it doth harmoniously agree with the old 4. The impartiality of the pen-men they speak impartially to all to Princes as well as beggers David speaks of his own murther Psal 51.14 Moses tells of the faults of his own Granfather Levi Gen. 49.5 7. whereas men naturally raise up their Ancestors to the highest Paul sets forth his blasphemy and persecution 1 Tim. 1.13 5. By the end at which they aime had these Pen-men wrote as men they would have lifted up themselves but every book throws down man as low as hell and exalts God with the highest excellence Isa 40.15 16. and gives the glory of all to God 1 Cor. 15.10 6. By the subject matter of the Scriptures Hardly any writings of men but some lusts are scattered up and down of pride vain-glory But in the Scriptures every word is pure Prov. 30.5 more then silver seven times purified Psalme 12.6 7. had men writ it they would never have tyed themselves to such strict points 7. There are many things in the Scripture that could never have proceeded from the brain of man for example that in one essence or being the Father Son and Spirit should subsist that our bodies turned to dust should rise again the in same number though with more glorious qualities so the incarnation of Christ by a Virgin for the appeasing the justice of God So that all things which befall a Christian shall work together for his good in reference to Salvation If these and many other things could not enter into his brain much less could they proceed from his pen. 8. The powerful effects the Scriptures have upon the Conscience prove them to be of God for example they melt the heart in in reading them 2 Reg. 22.19 they strike a terrour into the hearts of the ungodly No writings of men can so awe the hearts of men as these Psal 119.11 they over-power the will One verse of self-denial will make a man part with all his Estate Friends and Life and what not they work a wonderful change in many persons that they are not the same they were yea they quicken dead hearts and revive the dejected Psalme 119.49 50. Heb. 4.12 9. The books themselves bear witness they are from God In most books of Scriptures in the entrance of them the names of the pen-men together with the Author of the word are expressed See Jer. 1.1 Ezek. 1.3 Hos 1.1 Ioel 1.1 c. But you will say its possible for false writings to have such Titles prefixt A. True the name is not enough were there nothing else but this being joyned with other signs is of great force Shall we believe Aristotles or Plato's works to be their works when they have their names affixt thereto and shall we not believe the Scriptures to be of them whose Title they bear that is the word of God by such and such a writer 10. The death and sufferings of the Martyrs who have given their lives to seal the truth proves them to be of God Revel 6.9 20.4 Where do we ever find any to dye to defend the opinions of Plato or the dreams of Mahomet 11. Satans malice proves it he never tempts us to unbeliefe of any writings save these 12. The fulfilling of the Prophecies proves them to be of God Isaiah chap. 44.28 named Cyrus to be the deliverer of Gods people an hundred and sixty yeers before Cyrus was born Jeremiah set the bounds of seventy yeers to the Babylonish Captivity Daniel lived onely in the two first Monarchies the Caldean and Persian yet he prophesies of the Grecian and Roman Monarchies So that Israel should be in Egypt four hundred yeers and then come out so that he that should build Jericho should lay the foundation of it in his eldest son Jos 6.26 compared with 1 Kin. 16.34 Paul prophesied of Doctrines forbidding Marriage and meates 1 Tim. 4.1 And now it s come to pass in the Papacy Jacob Gen. 49. speaks of all the portions his Children should have assigning to one the Corn-Countrey to others the Sea to others the vine-grounds as they were after divided by lot certain hundred yeers after how could he come to the knowledge thereof but by him that over-rules all lots sure they could not be suggested by any but God who knew what he would do The seeing so many of the Prophecies to be fulfilled may assure us also that the rest shall be fulfilled and consequently that they are all of God 13. Either the Scriptures must be of God or of man not of man because then they must be either of bad men or of good not of bad men for they would never have forbid evil so rigorously nor command good so expresly nor aimed so at Gods glory nor of good men for they durst not have belied God nor take the glory so due to God which is to rule in the Conscience unto themselves therefore must they needs be of God 14. The wonderful preservation of the Scriptures notwithstanding Tyrants endeavour to abolish it and Hereticks endeavour to corrupt it yet it hath been kept pure in both the Originals the two Tables writ by Gods own finger were laid up in the Arke Deut. 10.2 When Manasses and Ammon that they might the better draw the people to Idolatry had supprest the book of the Law it pleased God in rhe dayes of Iosiah that it was found in the ruines of the Temple 2 Chron. 34.14 Antiochus 1 Mach. 1.56 57. rent the book of the Law in peeces and burnt it in the fire and made it matter of death for a man to have a Testament by him Dioclesian the persecuting Emperor forbad the use of the Scriptures and burnt them yet were the Scriptures still
and refuse the wayes of all sin in the purpose of the heart Psal 119.101 104. but when men have good things put to them by the word and Conscience and in the purpose and frame of their heart refuse them this argues a dead will Jer. 5.3 5. By the cleaving of the heart when the heart sticks so to its duty that nothing can pull it off neither bonds nor imprisonment Acts 21.13 Acts 11.23 so that though violence of torturing temptations may seem to carry the soul off in a fit as in some of the Martyrs yet in the habit of the heart it sticks so to God and his Word that nothing can unsettle the habit Psal 119.31 Dan. 3.16 17. Dan. 6.10 though tentation may unsettle an act 6. By the groanings and sighings of the heart under corruption Psal 119.5 David out of the unwillingness of his flesh fetch'd a groan saying O that my wayes were made direct 7. By the reachings of the will living wills use to reach after God Phil. 3.13 as a man that reaches as high as he can and strives to reach higher he believes in some measure and would believe more opposes every known sin and would oppose it more follows all goodness and would follow it more 8. By the intentions of the heart when they are set for God so that the soul saith thus So that I may keep close to God and keep my conscience pure and may not be carried away with the world this is that I desire so that as carnal men make honour and pleasure and that which leads thereto their ends so Saints make God and that which lead to him their end Q. How may a man know his conscience is made alive to God 1. Urgency of conscience to press the soul to its duty is no argument of spiritual life Numb 22.18 nor yet trouble of conscience before or after the committing of sin Mark 6.26 Dan. 6.14 1 Sam. 13.12 Mat. 27.41 Yea conscience awakened may make a man go against all outward by-respects Numb 22.18 Matth. 27.4 and make a man look at God Gen. 31.29 Ezra 1.2 Rom. 10.2 2. But then is the conscience alive when not onely conscience doth his duty but makes a man do his duty towards God and Man whether conscience do it with much adoe or little adoe as to believe with all the heart to love God soveraignly to serve God sincerely c. 2. When the conscience doth not onely excuse a man in part Gen. 20.6 7. Rom. 2.15 but excuses him full out that he stands guitless by faith in Christ Rom. 8.2 and that every purpose of his heart is set against every sin and for every duty Acts 23.1 Heb. 13.18 3. When we are glad our conscience is so busie with us Psal 16.7 yea we call upon our conscience to be busie with us Psal 103.1 Q. How may we know our affections are made alive to God A. 1. When our principall treasure is in heaven Mat. 6.20 and our affections are set upon it not upon the world Col. 3.12 That though worldly occasions may put off the heart from heaven for a time yet no sooner are these employments over but the heart endeavours after its former enjoyment of God so that as the affections of dead men are ever and anon upon the world because they have a dead and worldly frame of heart so the affections of men spiritually alive are ever and anon upon God because they have a quickned and heavenly frame of heart 2. VVhen the heart can relish good things Rom. 8.5 So that as carnal men savour profit and pleasure and carnal contents so the affections alive can savour communion with God the face of God the word of God the sweetness of a Spiritual duty 3. When the heart esteems God above all enjoyments Psal 73.25 26. So that thou wilt morgage any thing for God and the things of God so that thou wilt count his glory dearer then thy credit duty to him dearer then life to thy self Acts 20.24 to such affections the promise 2. Pet. 1.4 grace Prov. 3.15 and Christ 1 Pet. 2.7 is pretious above all 4. When thy greatest care is to please God Tit. 3.8 and how to get thy heart weaned from the world and how to keep conscience pure Acts 24.15 and thy greatest fear is to sin against God Gen. 39.10 so that thou fearest him above reproach poverty or death it self Dan. 3.16 17. Q. How may we know our memory it made alive A. Whereas by Nature corrupt we are apt to remember foolish things Psal 106.3 as foolish jests and wrongs and injuries done to us and are apt to forget God and all his commands Psal 78.7 the Spirit brings good things to a regenerate memory John 14.16 so that the soul remembers to practice Psal 109.16 And as at other times he remembers his duty so especially in time of tentation Gen. 39.10 Q. What ought to be the ground and motive of a Christians obedience A. 1. The command of Christ with is the bond of the conscience Rom. 1.14 Acts 20.22 2. The love of God from whence our obedience ought to flow John 14.15 2 Cor. 5.15 Q. What doth the Scripture reveal of the combat of the flesh and spirit A. It tells us that the flesh lusteth against the Spirit and the Spirit against the flesh so that we cannot do the good that we would do Gal. 5.17 Q. What my comfort a regenerate man in this combat of Flesh and Spirit A. This may comfort him 1. That he hates the evil that he doth and loves the good that he doth not Rom. 7.15 16. 2. That he delight in that law that forbids his evil Rom. 7.22 and consents unto it that it is a good law ver 16. 3. He groans under his evil as a most heavy burthen Rom. 7.24 and doth not allow himself in the least evil vers 15. 4. Though his flesh do too often serve the Law of sin yet in his mind or intention of his heart he still doth serve the Law of Christ Rom. 7.25 Q. But seeing many natural men have combats in themselves in respect of sin how shall I know that I combat aright A. The combats that Natural men have are mostly 1. Betwixt Reason and sensuality so many are sorry they cannot refrain their uncleanness drunkenness gaming because they are contrary to reason 2. Or betwixt natural Conscience and natural Passions as in Pilate whose conscience warned him not to pass sentence against Christ yet he durst not do otherwise for fear he should lose Caesars favour 3. Or betwixt some outward evil for a time or some gross sin all their life long mean time harbouring some secret darling-abomination as the love of their estates liberties and lives more then Christ 4. Or betwixt a purpose of continuing in sinfull pleasures and a desire to enjoy eternal pleasures as in Balaam who desired to live in covetousness yet would fain have died the death of the righteous so is this combat sometimes