God that Christ did merit that our workes should merit it is a dotage of their owne deuising He died not for our good workes to make them able to satisfie Gods anger but for our sinnes that they might be pardoned Thus much saith the Scripture no more And in that Christ did sufficiently merit life eternall for vs by his owne death it is a sufficient proofe that he neuer intended to giue vs power of meriting the same vnles we suppose that at some time he giues more then is needefull Againe Christ in the office of mediation as he is a King Priest and Prophet admitteth no deputie or fellow For he is a most perfect Mediatour doing all things by himselfe without the helpe of any And the ministers that dispence the word are not his deputies but reasonable and voluntarie instruments which he vseth But if men by workes can merit increase of grace and happines for themselues then hath Christ partners in the worke of redemption men doing that by him which he doth of himselfe in procuring their saluation Nay if this might stand that Christ did merit that our works should merit then Christ should merit that our stained righteousnes beeing for this cause not capable of merit should neuertheles merit I call it stained because we are partly flesh and partly spirit and therfore in our selues deseruing the curse of the law though we be regenerate Againe for one good worke we doe we haue many euil the offence whereof defaceth the merit of our best deedes and makes them too light in the balance of the law Obiect III. Our workes merit by bargaine or couenant because God hath promised to reward them Ans. The word of God sets downe two couenants one legal the other euangelicall In the legall couenant life euerlasting is promised to workes for that is the condition of the lawe doe these things and thou shalt liue But on this manner can no man merit life euerlasting because none is able to doe all that the lawe requires whether we respect the manner or the measure of obedience In the euangelicall couenant the promises that are made are not made to any worke or vertue in man but to the worker not for any merit of his owne person or worke but for the person and merite of Christ. For example it is a promise of the Gospell Be faithfull vnto death and I vvill giue thee the crowne of life Revelat. 2. 10. Here the promise is not made to the vertue of fidelitie but to the faithfull person whose fidelitie is but a token that he is in Christ for the merit of whose obediēce god promiseth the crowne of life and therefore Christ saith further I come quicklie and will giue to euery man according to his workes marke he saith not to the worke or for the worke but to the worker according to his workes And thus the bōd of al other promises of the Gospel in which god willingly bindes himselfe to reward our workes doe not directly concerne vs but haue respect to the person and obedience of Christ for whose sake alone God bindes himselfe as debter vnto vs and giues the recompence or reward according to the measure of our faith testified by our workes And therefore it cannot be truely gathered that workes doe merit by any promise or covenant passed on Gods part to man Some may say if workes merit not why are they mentioned in the promises I answere not because they merit but because they are tokens that the doer of the worke is is in Christ for whose merite the promise shall be accomplished Obiect VI. Good works are perfect and without fault for they are the workes of the holy ghost who cannot sinne therefore they merite Ans. If workes did proceed onely and immediatly from the holy ghost there could not be any fault in them but our works come from the holy ghost in and by the will and vnderstanding of man by this meanes they are tainted with sinne as water in the fountaine is both cleare and sweete yet the streames there of passing through the filthy channell are defiled thereby Againe they reason thus That which we are bound to doe hath no fault in it but we are bound to doe good workes therefore they are perfect Ans. The proposition must be expounded that which we are bound to doe in it selfe according to the intention of the commander hath no fault or that which we are bound to doe according as we are bound to doe it hath no fault yet in regard of the intention of the doer or in regard of our manner of doing it may be faultie Obiect V. Christ saith Revel 3. 4. that the faithfull in the Church of Sardis shall walk with him in white for they are worthy therfore beleeuers merit Ans. Euery beleeuer is worthy to walke with Christ yet not worthy in himselfe but in Christ to whome he is vnited and made bone of his bone flesh of his flesh And by reason of this coniunction `it is that men are said to be worthy ' because they are inriched with Christs merits and righteousnes Obiect VII 2. Tim. 4. 8. Euerlasting life is tearmed a crowne and a crowne of righteousnes to be giuen of a iust iudge therefore man for his part by his workes deserues the same Ans. Euerlasting life is called a crowne onely in resemblance For as he which runneth a race must continue and runne to the ende and then be crowned euen so must we continue to walke in good works vnto the end and then receiue eternall life And it is called a crowne of righteousnes not because it belongs to any man by due and desert but because God hath bound himselfe by a promise to giue it in performing whereof he is tearmed iust and by vertue of this promise it is obtained and no otherwise These are the principall obiections by which we may iudge what the rest are And thus we see what is the truth namely that merit is necessarie to saluation yet neither merite of mans worke or person but the merit of Christ imputed to vs whereby we beeing in him do procure and deserue the fauour of God and life eternall The sixt point Of satisfaction Our consent Conclus I. First we acknowledge and hold Ciuill or Politike satisfaction that is a recompence for iniuries and damages offered any way to our neighbours This Zacheus practised when at his conuersion he restored foure-fold things gotten by forged cauillation Againe by ciuill satisfaction I vnderstand the imposition of fines mulcts and penalties vpon offenders and the inflicting of death vpon malefactours For all these are satisfactions to the lawe and societies of men when they are wronged All these we maintaine as necessarie for neither Church nor common wealth can well be without them considering they are notable meanes to vphold ciuill peace and otherwhiles they are fruites of true faith as the satisfuction of Zacheus was Conclus II. We acknowledge canonicall or Ecclesiasticall
some fewe but all and euery commaundement of the lawe of God as Dauid saith psal 119. 6. Then should I not be confounded when I haue respect to AL THY COMMANDEMENTS And this endeauour is a fruite of perfection in that it proceedes from a man regenerate For as all men through Adams fall haue in them by nature the seedes of all sinne none excepted no not the sinne against the holy Ghost so by grace of regeneration through Christ all the faithfull haue in them likewise the seedes of all vertues needefull to saluation and hereupon they both can and doe indeauour to yeelde perfect obedience vnto God according to the whole law And they may be tearmed perfect as a childe is called a perfect man though it want perfection of age and stature and reason yet hath it perfection of parts because it hath all and euery part and faculty both of body soule that is required to a perfect man Conclus II. There be certaine works of supererogation that is such works as are not onely answerable to the law and thereupon deserue life euerlasting but goe beyonde the lawe and merit more then the lawe by it selfe can make any man to merit But where may we finde these works not in the person of any meere man or angel nor in all men and angels but onely in the person of Christ God and man whose workes are not onely answerable to the perfection of the law but goe farre beyond the same For first the obedience of his life cōsidered alone by it selfe was answerable euen to the rigour of the lawe and therefore the sufferings of his death and passion were more then the lawe could require at his hand considering it requireth no punishment of him that is a doer of all things conteyned therein Secondly the very rigour of the lawe requireth obedience onely of them that are meere men but the obedience of Christ was the obedience of a person that was both God man Thirdly the lawe requires personall obedience that is that euery man fulfill the lawe for himselfe and it speaks of no more Now the obedience which Christ performed was not for himselfe alone but it serueth also for all the elect and considering it was the obedience of God as Paul signified whē he said feede the Church of God which HE purchased VVITH HIS BLOOD it was sufficient for many thousand worlds and by reason the law requireth no obedience of him that is God this obedience therefore may truely be tearmed a worke of supererrogation This one we acknowledge and beside this we dare acknowledge none And thus farre we agree with the Church of Rome in the doctrine of the estate of perfection and further we dare not goe The difference The Papists hold as the writings of the learned among them teach that a man being in the state of grace may not onely keepe all the commandements of the law and thereby deserue his owne saluation but also goe beyond the law and doe workes of supererrogation which the lawe requireth not as to performe the vow of single life and the vow of regular obedience c. And by this means they say men deserue a greater degree of glorie then the law can afoard Of perfection they make two kinds one they cal necessarie perfection which is the fulfilling of the law in euery commandement whereby eternall life is deserued The second is profitable perfection when men do not onely such things as the lawe requires but ouer and besides they make certen vowes and performe certaine other duties which the lawe inioynes not for the doing whereof they shall be rewarded with a greater measure of glorie then the lawe designeth This they make plaine by comparison Two soldiers fight in the field vnder one and the same captaine the one onely keepes his standing and thereby deserues his pay the other in keeping of his place doth also winne the enemies standard or doe some other notable exploit now this man besides his pay deserues some greater reward And thus say they it is with all true Catholickes in the state of grace they that keepe the lawe shal haue life eternal but they that doe more then the law as workes of supererrogation shall be crowned with greater glorie This is their doctrine But we on the cōtrarie teach that albeit we are to striue to a perfection as much as we can yet no man can fulfill the lawe of God in this life much lesse do works of supererrogation for the confirmatiō wherof these reasons may be vsed I. In the moral law two things are commanded First the loue of God and man Secondly the manner of this loue now the manner of louing God is to loue him with all our heart and strength Luc. 10. 27. Thou shalt loue the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soule with all thy strength AND VVITH ALL THY THOVGHT c. As Bernard saide the measure of louing God is to loue him vvithout measure and that is to loue him with the greatest perfectiō of loue that can befall a creature Hence it followes that in louing God no man can possibly doe more then the lawe requireth and therefore the performance of all vowes whatsoeuer and all like duties comes short of the intention or scope of the law II. Reason The compasse of the law is large and comprehendeth in it more then the minde of man can at the first conceiue for euery commaundement hath two parts the negatiue and the affirmatiue In the negatiue is forbidden not onely the capitall sinne named as murther theft adulterie c. but all sinnes of the same kinde with all occasions and prouocations thereto And in the affirmatiue is commanded not onely the contrarie vertues as the loue of God and the loue of our neighbours honour life chastitie goods good name but the vse of all helps and meanes wherby he said the vertues may be preserued furthered and practised Thus hath our Sauiour Christ himselfe expounded the lawe Math. chap. 5. and 6. vpon this plaine ground I conclude that all duties pertaining to life and manners come within the list of some morall commaundement And that the Papists making their workes of supererogation meanes to further the loue of God and man must needs bring them vnder the cōpasse of the lawe Vnder which if they be they can not possibly goe beyond the same Reason III. Luc. 17. 20. When ye haue done all those things that are commanded vs we are vnprofitable seruantes we haue done that which was our duty to doe The Papists answere that we are vnprofitable to God but not to our selues but this shift of theirs is beside the very intent of the place For a seruant in doing his dutie is vnprofitable euen to himselfe and doth not so much as deserue thankes at his masters hand as Christ saith v. 9. Doth he thanke that seruant Secondly they answer that we are vnprofitable seruants in doing things cōmaunded yet
is concerning Originall sinne after baptisme that is how farforth it remaineth after baptisme A point to be well considered because hereupon depend many points of poperie I. Our consent I. Conclus They say naturall corruption after baptisme is abolished and so say we but let vs see how farre it is abolished In originall sinne are three things I. the punishment which is the first and second death II. Guiltines which is the binding vp of the creature vnto punishment III. the fault or the offending of God vnder which I comprehend our Guiltines in Adams first offence as also the Corruption of the heart which is a naturall inclination pronesse to any thing that is euill or against the law of God For the first we say that after baptisme in the regenerate the punishment of originall sinne is taken away There is no condemnation saith the Apostle to them that be in Christ Iesus Rom. 8. 1. For the second that is the guiltines we further condescende and say that is also taken away in them that are borne anew for considering there is no condemnation to them there is nothing to binde them to punishment Yet this caueat must be remembred namely that the guiltines is remooued from the person regenerate not from the sinne in the person but of this more afterward Thirdly the guilt in AdaÌ„s first offence is pardoned And touching the corruption of the heart I auouch two things I. That that very power or strength wherby it raigneth in man is taken away in the regenerate II. That this corruption is abolished as also the fault of euery actuall sinne past so farre forth as it is the fault and sinne of the man in whome it is Indeede it remaines till death and it is sinne considered in it selfe so long as it remaines but it is not imputed vnto the person and in that respect is as though it were not it beeing pardoned II. The dissent or difference Thus farre we consent with the Church of Rome now the difference betweene vs stands not in the abolishment but in the manner and the measure of the abolishment of this sinne Papists teach that Original sinne is so farre forth taken away after baptisme that it ceaseth to be a sinne properly and is nothing els but a want defect and weaknes making the heart fit and readie to conceiue sinne much like tinder which though it be no fire of it selfe yet is it very apt and fit to conceiue fire And they of the church of Rome denie it to be sinne properly that they might vpholde some grosse opinions of theirs namely That a man in this life may fulfill the law of God and doe good workes voide of sinne that he may stande righteous at the barre of Gods iudgement by them But we teach otherwise that though originall sinne be taken away in the regenerate and that in sundrie respects yet doth it remaine in them after baptisme not onely as a want and weaknesse but as a sinne and that properly as may by these reasons be prooued Reason I. Rom. 7. 17. Paul saith directly It is no more I that doe it but sinne that dwelleth in me that is originall sinne The Papists answer againe that it is so called improperly because it commeth of sinne and also is an occasion of sinne to be done But by the circumstances of the text it is sinne properly for in the words following Saint Paul saith that this sinne dwelling in him made him to doe the euill which he hated And v. 24. he crieth out O wretched man that I am vvho shall deliver me from this bodie of death whence I reason thus That which once was sinne properly and still remaining in man maketh him to sinne and intangleth him in the punishment of sinne and makes him miserable that is sinne properly But originall sinne doth all these Ergo. Reason II. Infants baptised and regenerate die the bodily death before they come to the yeares of discretion therefore originall sinne in them is sinne properly or else they should not die hauing no cause of death in them for death is the wages of sinne as the Apostle saith Rom. 6. 23. and Rom. 5. 12. Death entred into the world by sinne As for actuall sinne they haue none if they die presently after they are borne before they come to any vse either of reason or affection Reason III. That which lusteth against the spirit and by lusting tempteth and in tempting intiseth and draweth the heart to sinne is for nature sinne it selfe but concupiscence in the regenerate lusteth against the spirit Gal. 5. 17. and tempteth as I haue saide Iam. 1. 14. God tempteth no man but euery man is tempted when he is drawne avvay by his owne concupiscence and is intised then when lust conceiueth it bringeth forth sinne And therefore it is sinne properly such as the fruit is such is the tree August Concupiscence against vvhich the spirit lusteth IS SINNâ— because in it there is disobedience against the rule of the minde and it is the punishment of sinne because it befalls man for the merits of his disobedience and it is the cause of sinne Reason V. The iudgement of the auncient Church August epist. 29. Charitie in some is more in some lesse in some none the highest degree of all which cannot be increased is in none as long as man liues vpon earth And as long as it may be increased THAT VVHICH IS LESSE THEN IT SHOVLD BE IS IN FAVLT by which fault it is that there is no iust man vpon earth that doth good and sinneth not by which fault none liuing shalbe iustified in the sight of God for which fault if we say we haue no sinne there is no truth in vs for which also though vve profit neuer so much it is necessarie for vs to say forgiue vs our debts though al our words deedes and thoughts be alreadie forgiuen in baptisme Indeede August in sundrie places seemes to denie concupiscence to be sinne after baptisme but his meaning is that concupiscence in the regenerate is not the sinne of the person in whome it is For thus he expoundes himselfe This is not to haue sinne not to be guiltie of sinne And The lavv of sinne in baptisme is remitted and not ENDED And Let not sinne raigne he saith not let not sinne be but let it not raigne For as long as thou liâ—est of necessitie sinne will be in thy members at the least looke it raigne not in thee c. Obiections of Papists The arguments which the Church of Rome alleadgeth to the contrarie are these Obiect I. In baptisme men receiue perfect and absolute pardon of sinne and sinne being pardoned is taken quite away and therefore originall sinne after baptisme ceaseth to be sinne Ans. Sinne is abolished two waies first in regard of imputatioÌ„ to the person secoÌ„dly in regard of existing and beeing For this cause God vouchsafeth to maÌ„ two blessings in baptisme Remission of sinne
of the natiuitie of our Sauiour Christ is onely a custome and tradition of the Church and yet men are commonly more carefull to keepe it then the Lordes day the keeping whereof standes by the moral law Positiue lawes are not sufficient to restraine vs from buying selling on the sabbath yet within the twelue daies no man keepes market Againe see the truth of this in our affection to the ministerie of the word let the preacher alleadge Peter and Paul the people count it but common stuffe such as any man can bring but let men come and alleadge Ambrose Austine and the rest of the fathers oh he is the man he is alone for them Againe let any man be in danger any way and straight he sendeth to the wise man or wizzard Gods word is not sufficient to comfort and direct him All this argues that poperie denied with the mouth abides still in the heart and therefore we must learne to reuerence the written word by ascribing vnto it all manner of perfection The eight point Of vowes Our consent Touching vowes this must be knowne that we doe not condemne them altogeather but onely labour to restore the puritie of doctrine touching this point which by the Church of Rome from time to time hath bin corrupted and defaced We hold therefore that a vowe is a promise made to God touching some duties to be performed vnto him and it is two fold generall or speciall The generall vow is that which concernes all beleeuers and it is made in the couenant both of the lawe and of the Gospell I will here onely speake of the vowe which is made in the couenant of the Gospell in which there be two actions one of God the other of man God in mercy one his part promiseth to men the remission of sinnes and life euerlasting and man againe for his part promiseth to beleeue in Christ and to obey God in all his commandements All men euer made this vowe vnto God as the Iewes in circumcision which also they renued so often as they receiued the Passeouer and in the newe testament all that are baptised doe the like And in baptisme this vow is called the stipulation of a good consciēce wherby we purpose to renounce our selues to beleeue in Christ to bring forth the fruits of true repētance it ought to be renued so oft as we are partakers of the supper of the Lord. This vowe is necessarie and must be kept as a part of the true worship of God because it is a promise wherein we vowe to performe all duties commanded of God either in the lawe or in the Gospell It may be demanded considering we are boūd to obedience how we binde our selues in baptisme thereto Ans. Though we be alreadie bound partly by nature and partly by the written word yet may we renue the same bonde in a vowe and he that is bound may further binde himselfe so it be for this ende to helpe his dulnes for want of zeale and to make himselfe more forward in duties of loue to men and the worship of God to this ende Dauid sware to keepe the law of God psal 119. 116. though he were bound vnto it by nature and by the written law it selfe The speciall vowe is that which doth not reach to the person of all beleeuers but onely concernes some speciall men vpon some speciall occasions And this kind of vowe is twofold The first is the vowe of a ceremoniall dutie in the way of seruice to God and it was in practise in the Church of the Iewes vnder the olde Testament examples hereof are two especially the first was the vowe of the Nazarites whereto no kind of men were bound by Gods commaundement but they bound themselues God onely prescribing the manner and order of keeping the same with rites pertaining thereto as abstinence from wine the not cutting of their haire and such like The secōd example is of the Iewes when of their owne accords they vowed to giue God house or land sheepe or oxen or any like things for the maintenance of the legall worship and of this also God prescribeth certaine rules Levit. 27. Now these vowes were part of the Iewish pedagogue or ceremoniall law wherein God trained vp the Iewes in the old testament and being obserued of them they were parts of Gods worship but now vnder the gospell they are not beeing all abolished with the ceremoniall lawe to which Christ put an ende at his death vpon the crosse It is true Paul made a vowe and since kept the same in the time of the newe Testament Act. 18. yet not as a part of Gods worship but as a thing indifferent for the time wherein he onely condescended to the weaknes of the Iewes that by this meanes he might bring them the better vnto Christ. And whereas Christ is called a Nazarite Math. 2. 23. we may not thinke he was of that very order because he did not obstain from wine but he was so tearmed because he was the veritie and accomplishment of this order For by it was signified that Gods church was a peculiar people seuered or chosen out of the world that Christ in respect of holines was also seperated srō all sinners And the words in S. Matthew he shalbe called a Nazarite are borowed from the book of Iudges cap. 13. where they are properly spoken of Sampson and in type or figure of Christ. For as Sampson saued Israel by his death so did Christ saue his Church And as Sampson killed his enemies more by death then by life so did Christ. It is plaine therefore that this kinde of vowe bindeth not vs for there are no more ccremonies to be kept vnder the gospell for parts of Gods worship but the outward rites of Baptisme and the Lordes Supper Vowes concerning meates drinks attire touching tasting times places daies were proper to the Iewes The second kinde of speciall vowe is that wherby a man promiseth freely to performe some outward and bodely exercise for some good ende and this vowe also if it be made accordingly is lawefull and belongs both to the Church of the olde and newe testament In the olde we haue the example of the Rekabites Ier. 35. who by the appointment of Ionadab their father abstained from strong drinke and wine from planting vineyardes and orchardes whereby Ionadab intended onely to breake them before hand and to acquaint them with their future condition and state that they should be strangers in a forraine land that so they might prepare themselues to indure hardnes in the time to come And nowe in the newe testament we haue warrant in like manner to vowe as if a man by drinking of wine or strong drinke finde himselfe prone to drunkennes he may vow with himselfe to drinke no more wine nor strong drinke for so long time as he feeles the driuking thereof will stirre vp his infirmitie and minister occasion of sinning Of this kind also are the vowes in
present yet was he not actually offered till the fulnes of time came and once offering of himselfe he remaineth a priest for euer al other priests beside him are superfluous his one offering once offered beeing all-sufficient The twelfth point Of fasting Our consent Our consent may be set downe in three conclusions I. We doe not condemne fasting but maintain three sorts therof to wit a morall ciuill and a religious fast The first being moral is a practise of sobrietie or temperance when as in the vse of meates and drinkes the appetite is restrained that it doe not exceede moderation And this must be vsed of all Christians in the whole course of their liues The second beeing ciuill is when vpon some particular and politicke considerations men abstaine from certaine meates as in this our common-wealth the Law inioynes vs to abstaine from flesh-meat at certain seasons of the yere for these special ends to preserue the breed of cattell and to maintaine the calling of the fisherman The third namely a religious fast is when the duties of religion as the exercise of prayer and humilatiō are practised in fasting And I doe now specially intreat of this kind Conclus II. We ioyne with them in the alloweance of the principall and right endes of a religious fast and they are three The first is that thereby the minde may become attentiue in meditation of the duties of godlinesse to be performed The second is that the rebellion of the flesh may be subdued for the flesh pampered becomes an instrument of licentiousnes The third and as I take it the cheefe ende of a religious fast is to professe our guiltinesse and to testifie our humiliation before God for our sinnes and for this ende in the feast of Nineve the very beast was made to abstaine Conclus III. We yelde vnto them that fasting is an helpe and furtherance to the worship of God yea a good worke also if it be vsed in a good manner For though fasting in it selfe being a thing indifferent as eating and drinking are is not to be tearmed a good worke yet being applyed and considered in relation to the right endes before spoken of and practised accordingly it is a worke allowed of God and highly to be esteemed of all the seruants and people of God The difference or dissent Our dissent from the Church of Rome in the doctrine of fasting standes in three things I. They appoint prescribe set times of fasting as necessarie to be kept but we hould and teach that to prescribe the time of a religious fast is in the libertie of the Church and the gouernours thereof as special occasiō shall be offered When the disciples of Iohn asked Christ why they and the Pharises fast often but his disciples fasted not he answered Can the children of the marriage chamber mourne as long as the bridegrome is with them but the daies will come when the bridgrome shall be taken away from them and THEN SHALL THEY FAST Math. 9. 15. where he giues them to vnderstand that they must fast as occasiōs of mourning are offered Where also I gather that a set time of fasting is no more to be inioyned then a set time of mourning It was the opinion of Augustine that neither Christ nor his Apostles appointed any times of fasting and Tertullian saith that they of his time fasted of their owne accords freely without lawe or commandement as occasions and times serued And Eusebius saith that Montanus was the first that made laws of fasting It is obiected that there is a set time of fasting prescribed Lev. 16. 29. Ans. This set and prescribed fast was commanded of God as a part of the legall worship which had his ende in the death of Christ therefore it doth not iustifie a set time of fasting in the new testament where God hath left man to his owne libertie without giuing the like commandement It is againe alleadged that Zacharie 7. 5. there were set times appointed for the celebration of religious fasts vnto the Lord the fifth and the seauenth moneths Ans. They were appointed vpon occasion of the present afflictions of the Church in Babylon and they ceased vpon their deliuerance The like vpon like occasion may we appoint It is further obiected that some Churches of the Protestants obserue set times of fasting Ansvv. In some Churches there be set daies and times of fasting not vpon necessitie or for conscience or religions sake but for politicke or ciuill regardes whereas in the Romish Church it is held a mortall sinne to deferre the set time of fasting till the next day following Secondly we dissent from the Church of Rome touching the manner of keeping a fast For the best learned among them allow the drinking of wine water electuaries that often within the compasse of their appointed fast yea they allowe the eating of one meale on a fasting day at noon tide and vpō a reasonable cause one houre before the time of fasting not yet ended But this practise indeede is absurd contrarie to the practise of the old testament yea it doth frustrate the end of fasting For the bodyly abstinence is an outward meanes and signe whereby we acknowledge our guiltines and vnworthines of any of the blessings of God Againe they prescribe a difference of meates as white-meat onely to be vsed on their fasting daies and that of necessity and for conscience sake in most cases But we hold this distinction of meates both to be foolish and wicked Foolish because in such meats as they prescribe there is as much filling and delight as in any other meates as namely in fish fruits wine c. which they permit And its against the end of a religious fast to vse any refreshing at all so farre as necessitie of health and comelines will permit Thus the Church in times past vsed to abstain not onely frō meat drinke but from all delights whatsoeuer euen from soft apparel and sweet ointments Ioel 2. 15. Sanctifie a fast let the BRIDGROME GOE FORTH OF HIS CHAMBER and the bride out of hir bride chamber Dan. 10. 3. I eate no PLEASANT bread neither came FLESH NOR VVINE within my mouth neither did I ANNOINT my selfe at all till three weekes of daies were fulfilled 1. Cor. 7. 5. Defraud not one an other EXCEPT it be with consent for a time that ye may giue your selues to FASTING and praier Againe we hold this practise to be wicked because it taketh away the libertie of Christiās by which vnto the pure all things are pure And the Apostle Gal. 5. bids vs to standfast in this libertie which the Church of Rome would thus abolish For the better vnderstanding of this let vs consider howe the Lord himselfe hath from the beginning kept in his owne handes as a master in his owne house the disposition of his creatures for the vse of man that he might depend on him and his word for
difference We dissent not froÌ„ the Church of Rome in the doctrine of repentance it selfe but in the damnable abuses thereof which are of two sorts generall and speciall Generall are these which coÌ„cerne repentance wholly coÌ„sidered they are these The first is that they place the beginning of repentance partly in themselues and partly in the holy Ghost or in the power of their naturall freewill being helped by the holy ghost whereas Paul indeede ascribes this worke wholly vnto God 2. Tim. 2. 15. Proouing if God at any time will giue them repentance And men that are not weake but dead in trespasses and sinnes can not do any thing that may further their conuersion though they be helped neuer so no more then dead men in their graues can rise from thence The second abuse is that they take pennance or rather repentance for that publike discipline and order of correction that was vsed against notorious offenders in the open congregation For the scripture sets downe but one repentance and that common to all men without exception and to be practised in euery part of our liues for the necessaâ—ie mortification of sinne whereas open ecclesiasticall correction pertained not to all and euery man within the compasse of the Church but to them alone that gaue any open offence The third abuse is that they make repentance to be not onely a vertue but also a sacrament whereas for the space of a thousand yeares after Christ and vpward it was not reckned among the sacraments yea it seemes that Lumbard was one of the first that called it a sacrament and the schoole-men after him disputed of the matter and forme of this sacrament not able any of them certenly to define what should be the outward element The fourth abuse is touching the effect and efficacie of repeÌ„tance for they make it a meritorious cause of remission of sinnes and of life euerlasting flat against the word of God Paul saith notably Rom. 4. 24. We are iustified freely by his grace through the redemptioÌ„ which is in Christ Iesus whome God hath sent to be a reconciliation by faith in his blood In these words these formes of speach redemption in Christ reconciliation in his blood by faith freely by grace must be obserued and considered for they shewe plainely that no part of satifaction or redemption is wrought in vs or by vs but out of vs only in the person of Christ. And therefore we esteeme of repentance only as a fruit of faith the effect or efficacie of it is to testifie remission of our sinnes and our reconciliation before God It will be said that remission of sinnes and life enerlasting are promised to repentance Ans. It is not to the worke of repentaÌ„ce but to the person which repenteth and that not for his owne merits or worke of repentance but for the merits of Christ which he applyeth to himselfe by faith And thus are we to vnderstand the promises of the gospel in which workes are mentioned presupposing alwaies in them the reconciliation of the person with God to whome the promise is made Thus we see wherefore we dissent from the Romane Church touching the doctrine of repentance Speciall abuses doe concerne Contrition Confession and Satisfaction The first abuse concerning contrition is that they teach it must be sufficient and perfect They vse now to helpe the matter by a distinction saying that the sorrowe in contrition must be in the highest degree in respect of value and estimation and not in respect of intention Yet the opinion of Adrian was otherwise that in true repentance a man should be grieued according to all his indeauour And the Romane Catechisme saith as much that the sorrowe conceiued of our sinnes must be so great that NONE CAN BE CONCEIVED TO BE GREATER that we must be contrite in the same manner we loue God and that is vvith all our heart and strength in a most VEHEMENT SORROVVE and that the hatred of sinne must be not onely the greatest but also MOST VEHEMENT and perfect so as it may exclude all sloth and slacknes Indeed afterward it followes that true contrition may be effectuall though it be imperfect but how can this stand if they will not onely commend but also prescribe and auouch that contrition must be most perfect and vehememt We therefore onely teach that God requires not so much the measure as the trueth of any grace and that it is a degree of vnfained contrition to be grieued because we cannot be grieued for our sinnes as we should The second abuse is that they ascribe to their contrition the merit of congruitie But this cannot stand with the all-sufficient merite of Christ. And an auncient Conncell saith God inspires into vs first of all the faith and loue of himselfe NO MERITS GOINâ— BFORE that we may faithfully require the sacrament of baptisme after baptisme doe the things that please him And we for our parts hold that God requires contrition at our haÌ„ds not to merit remission of sinnes but that we may acknowledge our owne vnworthines be huÌ„bled in the sight of God distrust all our owne merits further that we may make the more account of the benefits of Christ whereby we are receiued into the fauour of God lastly that we might more carefully auoide all sinnes in time to come whereby so many paines terrors of conscieÌ„ce are procured And we acknowledge no coÌ„trition at all to be meritorious saue that of Christ whereby he was broken for our iniquities The third abuse is that they make imperfect contrition or attrition arising of the feare of hell to be good and profitable and to it they applie the saying of the Prophet The feare of God is the beginning of vvisdome But seruile feare of it selfe is the fruite of the lawe which is the ministerie of death and condemnation and consequently it is the way to eternall destruction if God leue men to themselues and if it turne to the good of any it is onely by accident because God in mercie makes it to be an occasion going before of grace to be giueÌ„ otherwise remorse of conscience for sinne is no beginning of repentance or the restrainment of any sinne but rather is that properly the beginning of vnspeakable horrours of conscience and euerlasting death vnlesse God shew mercie And yet this feare of punishment if it be tempered and delaied with other graces gifts of God in holy men it is not vnprofitable in whoÌ„ there is not onely a sorrow for punishment but also and that much more for the offence And such a kinde of feare or sorrow is commanded Malac. 1. 6. If I be a father where is my feare if I be a Lord where is my feare And Chrysostome saith that the feare of hell in the heart of a iust man is a strong man armed against theeues and robbers to driue them from the house And Ambr. saith that Martyrs in the