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king_n to_o consulâ—_n first_o first_o then_o to_o consul_n join_v with_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n from_o these_o to_o a_o decemvirate_n from_o that_o to_o military_a tribune_n invest_v with_o consular_a authority_n from_o they_o to_o consul_n again_o from_o these_o to_o a_o triumvirate_n and_o from_o that_o to_o emperor_n second_o the_o almost_o continual_a â—arrs_n and_o debate_n between_o the_o senate_n and_o second_o second_o the_o people_n not_o only_o concern_v the_o â—ex_n 〈…〉_o and_o division_n of_o land_n but_o even_o about_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o governament_n itself_o in_o which_o the_o commons_o ever_o gain_v ground_n and_o at_o the_o long-run_a obtain_v the_o principal_a point_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n those_o be_v the_o 〈…〉_o of_o magistrate_n yea_o of_o the_o consul_n make_v and_o repeat_v law_n power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o the_o last_o appeal_n three_o the_o constant_o seditious_a oration_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o tribune_n three_o three_o of_o the_o people_n whereby_o they_o public_o obstruct_v many_o time_n the_o levy_n of_o soldier_n and_o the_o pursuance_n of_o many_o victory_n gain_v against_o their_o neighbour_n while_o the_o state_n be_v yet_o in_o its_o infancy_n all_o those_o alteration_n and_o contention_n proceed_v from_o a_o inward_a disease_n of_o state_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o exceed_o weaken_v it_o in_o the_o undertake_n any_o great_a action_n abroad_o but_o four_o their_o cruelty_n and_o ingratitude_n to_o their_o own_o citizen_n and_o captain_n four_o four_o who_o have_v do_v they_o the_o best_a and_o great_a service_n some_o whereof_o i_o shall_v instance_n in_o in_o another_o place_n few_o of_o they_o all_o escape_v a_o severe_a censure_n enough_o to_o withdraw_v any_o generous_a spirit_n from_o a_o desire_n to_o serve_v they_o five_o their_o frequent_a make_v dictator_n almost_o upon_o every_o sudden_a apprehension_n five_o five_o of_o fear_n or_o suppose_a danger_n a_o office_n so_o unlimited_a have_v power_n to_o do_v and_o command_v what_o they_o please_v without_o comptrol_n appeal_v or_o â—ear_v to_o be_v question_v after_o their_o time_n expire_v that_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n none_o of_o they_o prevent_v julius_n câ—sar_n in_o usurp_v the_o sovereignty_n six_o their_o make_v two_o consul_n of_o equal_a authority_n the_o very_a fuel_n of_o discord_n six_o six_o at_o home_n and_o of_o most_o dangerous_a consequence_n abroad_o when_o a_o powerful_a enemy_n necessitate_v they_o to_o join_v their_o force_n take_v some_o instance_n in_o one_o of_o the_o war_n against_o the_o volscian_n lucius_n furius_n be_v join_v in_o equal_a command_n with_o marcus_n furius_n camillus_n that_o famous_a roman_a who_o free_v his_o country_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o gaul_n in_o this_o war_n young_a lucius_n will_v needs_o fight_v sore_o against_o old_a camillus_n his_o advice_n and_o well_o beat_v â—e_n be_v and_o have_v be_v utter_o rout_v if_o the_o old_a man_n have_v not_o wait_v hiâ—_n opportunity_n and_o come_v to_o his_o rescue_n with_o the_o triariâ—_n fabius_n the_o dictator_n nicknamed_a the_o cunctator_n have_v minutius_n join_v in_o equal_a command_n with_o he_o who_o will_v needs_o with_o the_o half_a of_o the_o army_n fight_n hanâ—â—bal_n whether_o the_o dictator_n will_v or_o not_o the_o carthaginian_a beat_v he_o and_o have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o he_o and_o perhaps_o of_o the_o war_n too_o if_o old_a fabius_n have_v not_o part_v the_o fray_n but_o the_o roman_n escape_v not_o so_o easy_o at_o cannae_n for_o there_o terentius_n varro_n in_o spite_n of_o his_o colleague_n paulus_n aemilius_n fight_v with_o the_o same_o hannibal_n where_o both_o of_o they_o receive_v such_o a_o overthrow_n that_o if_o he_o who_o give_v it_o they_o have_v follow_v maharbal_n advice_n and_o immediate_o march_v he_o may_v in_o all_o probability_n have_v dine_v the_o five_o day_n after_o in_o the_o capitol_n and_o for_o
second_o circâ—or_n in_o the_o second_o vigil_n and_o so_o by_o the_o other_o two_o in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o vigil_n hence_o you_o may_v see_v that_o every_o soldier_n of_o the_o quaternion_n have_v a_o tessera_n otherwise_o the_o four_o circitor_n can_v not_o have_v bring_v back_o each_o of_o they_o one_o if_o the_o round_a â—ound_n a_o centinel_n asleep_a he_o do_v not_o demand_v the_o tessera_fw-la from_o he_o nor_o do_v at_o waken_v he_o but_o require_v the_o other_o three_o to_o be_v witness_n of_o the_o misdâ—â—anor_n and_o these_o three_o for_o honour_n sake_n convoy_v the_o circiter_n or_o round_o to_o the_o next_o guard_n why_o the_o three_o man_n who_o be_v awake_v asleep_a a_o centinel_n find_v asleep_a shall_v have_v leave_v their_o post_n to_o be_v kepâ—_n by_o a_o sleep_a man_n only_o to_o compliment_v a_o round_a let_v the_o admirer_n of_o antiquity_n tell_v i_o can_v yet_o i_o believe_v the_o round_n find_v but_o few_o sleep_a for_o they_o have_v fire_n allow_v they_o by_o the_o light_n whereof_o they_o may_v discern_v both_o a_o enemy_n and_o a_o round_a and_o one_o guard_n be_v almost_o constant_o call_v to_o another_o to_o keep_v they_o awake_v beside_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o all_o the_o other_o three_o of_o the_o quaternion_n be_v asleep_a and_o if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v awake_a it_o be_v not_o probable_a he_o will_v suffer_v his_o fellow_n centinel_n to_o be_v take_v sleep_v and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o grecian_n and_o use_v bell_n by_o which_o one_o guard_n correspond_v and_o answer_v another_o for_o polybius_n tell_v we_o that_o of_o all_o nation_n the_o roman_n be_v the_o apt_a to_o learn_v and_o imitate_v the_o commendable_a custom_n of_o other_o next_o morning_n very_o betimes_o the_o rounder_n go_v and_o give_v the_o tribune_n a_o account_n of_o their_o diligence_n and_o where_o they_o find_v a_o tessera_fw-la want_v either_o by_o the_o sleep_n negligence_n or_o desertion_n of_o any_o of_o the_o guard_n or_o sentinel_n the_o delinquent_n if_o apprehend_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o punish_v grievous_o punish_v fustuarium_fw-la the_o manner_n whereof_o you_o may_v learn_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n save_o one_o after_o the_o roman_a guard_n be_v set_v at_o night_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o go_v out_o of_o his_o quarter_n aeneas_n will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o grecian_a round_n go_v but_o from_o one_o guard_n to_o another_o round_n grecian_a round_n and_o not_o round_o the_o whole_a town_n fort_n or_o camp_n for_o that_o say_v he_o keep_v many_o round_n go_v together_o without_o confusion_n he_o will_v have_v all_o round_n or_o circitor_n to_o ride_v where_o horse_n may_v convenient_o be_v have_v but_o no_o round_a either_o to_o go_v or_o ride_v till_o he_o be_v command_v so_o to_o do_v by_o his_o superior_a either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o some_o sign_n suppose_v a_o fire_n or_o a_o lantern_n he_o will_v have_v all_o his_o round_n to_o give_v the_o word_n to_o the_o guard_n and_o not_o to_o receive_v it_o from_o they_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v their_o tessera_fw-la which_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n but_o his_o round_n he_o permit_v not_o to_o give_v the_o watchword_n till_o the_o guard_n require_v it_o and_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n he_o will_v have_v the_o guard_n when_o they_o require_v the_o word_n from_o the_o round_n if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nighttime_n to_o utter_v some_o word_n or_o sound_n such_o as_o have_v be_v order_v by_o the_o general_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o round_n beside_o the_o give_v the_o watch_n word_n to_o utter_v such_o counterâ—ounds_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v on_o but_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o daytime_n observe_v by_o this_o that_o round_n ride_v in_o the_o day_n at_o least_o in_o the_o morning_n than_o the_o guard_n when_o they_o ask_v the_o word_n be_v to_o give_v sign_n and_o the_o round_n counter_a sign_n such_o as_o be_v condescend_v on_o by_o he_o who_o command_v in_o chief_a on_o the_o place_n as_o suppose_v when_o one_o of_o the_o guard_n require_v the_o word_n from_o the_o round_a he_o will_v put_v his_o hat_n or_o his_o head-piece_n on_o his_o face_n breast_n or_o belly_n and_o upon_o that_o sign_n the_o round_n be_v to_o advance_v or_o order_v his_o lance_n or_o spear_n as_o a_o counter-sign_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o prisoner_n of_o war_n of_o parley_n treaty_n and_o article_n sin_n bring_v war_n into_o the_o world_n and_o though_o we_o do_v not_o read_v of_o any_o public_a war_n before_o the_o deluge_n yet_o moses_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o private_a one_o between_o the_o two_o brother_n cain_n and_o abel_n which_o end_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o righteous_a one_o in_o all_o public_a war_n that_o ever_o be_v prisoner_n have_v be_v take_v over_o who_o the_o victor_n always_o assume_v to_o himself_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o i_o believe_v for_o war._n reason_n why_o prisoner_n be_v take_v in_o war._n most_o part_n the_o life_n of_o prisoner_n be_v save_v not_o so_o much_o out_o of_o pity_n and_o compassion_n as_o out_o of_o interest_n thereby_o to_o draw_v advantage_n either_o by_o exchange_v they_o for_o other_o who_o have_v fall_v into_o that_o same_o misery_n or_o by_o ransome_v they_o for_o money_n or_o to_o make_v profit_n of_o they_o by_o drudgery_n and_o slavery_n and_o though_o we_o read_v not_o in_o the_o history_n of_o moses_n and_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o true_a but_o the_o old_a in_o the_o world_n of_o any_o prisoner_n of_o war_n take_v before_o lâ—â—_n be_v take_v by_o amraphel_n and_o chadâ—rlaomer_n yet_o i_o can_v imagine_v but_o nimrod_n and_o his_o successor_n though_o bloody_a enough_o spare_v the_o life_n of_o many_o who_o they_o make_v prisoner_n in_o those_o war_n which_o they_o wage_v against_o their_o neighbour_n for_o i_o suppose_v conquest_n be_v the_o best_a title_n they_o can_v pretend_v to_o â—or_a their_o sovereignty_n witness_v these_o word_n in_o the_o 14_o of_o genesis_n twelve_o year_n they_o serve_v chaderlaoâ—er_o and_o in_o the_o thirteen_o they_o rebel_v sure_o then_o before_o these_o twelve_o year_n they_o be_v free_a people_n and_o that_o which_o make_v they_o vassal_n be_v the_o long_a and_o sharp_a sword_n and_o when_o abraham_n rescue_v lot_n and_o his_o good_n the_o woman_n also_o and_o the_o people_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o he_o take_v some_o prisoner_n of_o chaderlaomer_n his_o party_n which_o he_o have_v beat_v else_o the_o king_n of_o sodom_n have_v not_o say_v to_o he_o give_v i_o the_o person_n and_o take_v the_o good_n to_o thyself_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o all_o or_o most_o nation_n agree_v in_o either_o by_o a_o war._n the_o condition_n of_o prisoner_n of_o war._n mutual_a declare_v or_o yet_o by_o a_o tacit_a assent_v and_o therefore_o we_o may_v true_o say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n before_o christianity_n shine_v over_o the_o world_n prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v use_v as_o the_o victor_n please_v that_o be_v either_o make_v slave_n or_o put_v to_o death_n in_o this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v only_o speak_v how_o the_o ancient_n use_v their_o prisoner_n and_o of_o their_o parley_n treaty_n and_o article_n before_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o gospel_n reserve_v the_o discourse_n of_o christian_a prisoner_n till_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o my_o essay_n of_o the_o modern_a art_n of_o war._n we_o be_v tell_v by_o xenophon_n that_o after_o the_o great_a cyrus_n have_v take_v babylon_n he_o tell_v his_o captain_n that_o it_o be_v a_o perpetual_a law_n through_o the_o whole_a world_n that_o prisoner_n cyrus_n his_o sense_n of_o prisoner_n those_o who_o stand_v out_o in_o arm_n till_o they_o be_v overcome_v may_v be_v dispose_v of_o either_o as_o to_o their_o estate_n and_o good_n or_o their_o life_n and_o person_n at_o the_o victor_n pleasure_n and_o if_o you_o will_v consider_v all_o the_o war_n that_o be_v manage_v either_o before_o or_o after_o his_o time_n you_o will_v find_v he_o speak_v truth_n for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o perpetual_a law_n it_o be_v a_o perpetual_a custom_n to_o do_v all_o that_o he_o say_v this_o speech_n of_o his_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o athenian_a ambassador_n who_o thucydides_n introduce_v tell_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o melus_n who_o they_o have_v besiege_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n that_o nature_n herself_o have_v put_v a_o necessity_n on_o all_o conqueror_n and_o victor_n in_o war_n to_o have_v the_o absolute_a dominion_n and_o power_n over_o those_o who_o be_v vanquish_v athenians_n the_o athenians_n to_o be_v dispose_v of_o as_o the_o victor_n please_v which_o law_n say_v they_o we_o do_v not_o make_v nor_o be_v we_o
a_o sight_n by_o proclamation_n give_v they_o three_o day_n to_o live_v before_o their_o death_n shall_v be_v resolve_v on_o by_o he_o but_o in_o vain_a for_o a_o of_o they_o dispatch_v themselves_o except_o such_o as_o be_v by_o force_n bond_n and_o chain_n compel_v to_o live_v you_o may_v read_v their_o lamentable_a tragedy_n in_o polyâ—â—â—_n his_o sixteenth_o book_n and_o in_o the_o thirty_o first_o of_o titus_n livius_n nor_o do_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o civil_a war_n give_v better_o quarter_v one_o to_o another_o war_n romans_z cruel_a to_o prisoner_n in_o their_o civil_a war_n except_o câ—sar_n than_o they_o do_v to_o stranger_n pâ—â—â—â—ius_n kill_v those_o soldier_n of_o câ—sar's_n who_o he_o find_v in_o his_o camp_n though_o câ—sar_n spare_v those_o of_o peâ—â—eiâ—s_n and_o send_v they_o back_o to_o he_o sciplâ—_n pompey_n father-in-law_n put_v aâ—_n those_o of_o câ—sar's_n party_n to_o death_n who_o he_o take_v prisoner_n syâ—â—â—_n after_o all_o his_o victory_n very_o cruel_o put_v eight_o thousand_o roman_n to_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o great_a hostelery_n near_o the_o city_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v to_o his_o mercy_n nor_o do_v aâ—gustus_n keep_v himself_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o mercy_n when_o he_o think_v it_o fit_a at_o one_o time_n to_o sacrifice_v three_o hundred_o roman_a knight_n to_o appease_v the_o incense_a ghost_n of_o his_o great_a uncle_n julius_n câ—sar_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v these_o have_v that_o pretence_n which_o all_o civil_a war_n carry_v along_o with_o it_o and_o that_o be_v that_o all_o who_o oppose_v either_o of_o the_o two_o party_n be_v rebel_n to_o the_o state_n whether_o the_o party_n be_v for_o the_o lawful_a and_o supreme_a authority_n or_o against_o it_o and_o therefore_o to_o say_v no_o more_o of_o their_o civil_a war_n i_o find_v they_o extreme_a cruel_a in_o their_o war_n with_o hannibal_n to_o their_o own_o soldier_n which_o that_o great_a carthaginian_a have_v take_v prisoner_n fabiâ—s_v the_o 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prisoner_n at_o cannae_n who_o they_o injustice_n it_o be_v cruelty_n and_o injustice_n will_v neither_o ransom_n out_o of_o the_o public_a pâ—rse_n nor_o suffer_v the_o prisoner_n themselves_o or_o their_o friend_n to_o ransom_n out_o of_o their_o private_a fortune_n and_o estate_n and_o though_o the_o senate_n flatter_v themselves_o by_o call_v this_o act_n of_o their_o own_o magnanimous_a yet_o since_o there_o be_v no_o justice_n in_o it_o it_o can_v carry_v no_o generosity_n along_o with_o it_o for_o if_o these_o captive_n roman_n misbehave_a themselves_o in_o the_o battle_n the_o senate_n be_v bouâ—d_v in_o honour_n to_o ransom_n they_o and_o punish_v they_o themselves_o and_o not_o suffer_v they_o to_o rot_v in_o prison_n with_o their_o capital_a enemy_n assure_o this_o action_n want_v for_o neither_o avarice_n nor_o cruelty_n for_o strange_a it_o be_v thus_o to_o punish_v common_a soldier_n and_o yet_o to_o send_v out_o some_o principal_a senator_n to_o meet_v and_o compliment_v their_o hare-brained_a conful_n teremiâ—â—_n vaâ—â—_n and_o thank_v he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o despair_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o yet_o by_o his_o obstinate_a and_o inexcusable_a folly_n he_o have_v bring_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o destruction_n and_o why_o may_v not_o hannibal_n have_v use_v these_o roman_a prisoner_n as_o livy_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n tell_v we_o the_o roman_n use_v some_o thousand_o of_o the_o tarquinian_a prisoner_n unjust_a a_o merciless_a act_n of_o the_o roman_n yet_o not_o unjust_a of_o who_o they_o choose_v 358_o of_o the_o prime_a nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n all_o these_o they_o first_o whip_v well_o with_o rod_n and_o then_o strike_v off_o their_o head_n in_o the_o great_a marketplace_n of_o rome_n and_o present_o after_o put_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prisoner_n to_o the_o sword_n in_o cold_a blood_n though_o this_o be_v a_o very_a merciless_a act_n yet_o by_o the_o law_n of_o war_n they_o may_v do_v it_o and_o so_o may_v hannibal_n have_v do_v to_o their_o prisoner_n and_o true_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o he_o can_v be_v oblige_v to_o â—eed_v those_o who_o their_o own_o master_n will_v not_o ransom_n let_v we_o hear_v what_o opinion_n polybâ—â—s_n have_v of_o prisoner_n of_o war_n who_o be_v a_o grave_a use_v polybius_n his_o opinion_n how_o prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v use_v historian_n a_o great_a statesman_n and_o a_o good_a captain_n in_o his_o second_o book_n speak_v of_o aristomachuâ—_n who_o be_v a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v torture_v to_o death_n he_o say_v on_o that_o subject_n that_o neither_o antigonâ—â—_n king_n of_o macedon_n nor_o aratus_n praetor_n of_o the_o achâ—ans_n can_v be_v call_v cruel_a for_o put_v a_o captive_n to_o death_n with_o torment_n for_o though_o aristomachus_n have_v not_o deserve_v that_o usage_n otherwise_o yet_o they_o may_v have_v do_v all_o to_o he_o that_o be_v donâ—_n â—ure_n belli_n for_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o war_n give_v the_o conqueror_n power_n to_o use_v his_o prisoner_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o the_o same_o author_n speak_v of_o the_o mantimans_fw-la who_o be_v just_o punish_v for_o their_o abominable_a perfidy_n and_o ingratitude_n in_o slaughter_v those_o achaans_n who_o be_v send_v to_o preserve_v they_o he_o say_v express_o that_o though_o they_o have_v commit_v no_o such_o wickedness_n nor_o any_o other_o crime_n at_o all_o yet_o the_o victor_n in_o war_n jure_fw-la belli_n may_v have_v either_o kill_v they_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n or_o sell_v they_o for_o slave_n at_o his_o pleasure_n thus_o far_o he_o but_o this_o power_n of_o victorious_a prince_n or_o general_n over_o the_o good_n person_n and_o live_v of_o their_o prisoner_n be_v limit_v and_o restrain_v by_o treaty_n parley_n treaty_n treaty_n capitulation_n and_o article_n to_o the_o strict_a observance_n whereof_o simple_o and_o without_o fraud_n or_o ambiguity_n all_o man_n of_o what_o station_n rank_n or_o quality_n whatsoever_o or_o of_o what_o religion_n or_o persuasion_n soever_o be_v he_o jew_n or_o gâ—mile_n grâ—cian_n or_o barbarian_a christian_a or_o mahometan_a be_v tie_v because_o faith_n and_o promise_n treaty_n article_n and_o promise_n shall_v be_v faithful_o kepâ—_n no_o enemy_n to_o be_v trust_v in_o time_n of_o treaty_n be_v the_o sacred_a and_o indissoluble_a bond_n which_o maintain_v humane_a society_n and_o whosoever_o break_v they_o on_o any_o pretence_n shall_v be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o monster_n and_o not_o as_o a_o man._n in_o the_o time_n of_o treaty_n both_o party_n who_o treat_v aught_o to_o be_v careful_a that_o a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n be_v agree_v on_o and_o sign_v by_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o both_o force_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o field_n town_n castle_n or_o garrison_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v on_o their_o guard_n for_o fear_v of_o â—oul_a play_n or_o some_o unexpected_a rapture_n of_o the_o treaty_n for_o both_o in_o ancient_n and_o 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to_o most_o of_o his_o conquest_n i_o much_o wonder_v why_o stevechius_n will_v reckon_v ston_a to_o be_v a_o roman_a punishment_n for_o we_o find_v nothing_o of_o it_o so_o far_o as_o i_o know_v in_o history_n he_o tell_v we_o as_o he_o say_v out_o of_o florus_n he_o may_v have_v say_v out_o of_o livius_n too_o that_o posthumius_fw-la a_o roman_a general_n be_v kill_v with_o stone_n by_o his_o own_o soldier_n but_o that_o which_o be_v do_v by_o a_o mutinous_a army_n to_o their_o commander_n in_o chief_a be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v a_o punishment_n authorize_v by_o law_n for_o he_o confess_v it_o be_v do_v in_o a_o mutiny_n seditione_n facta_fw-la i_o have_v speak_v of_o this_o mutiny_n in_o another_o place_n what_o punishment_n be_v legal_o inflict_v on_o the_o roman_a officer_n and_o soldier_n punishment_n roman_n punishment_n we_o be_v leave_v to_o glean_v out_o of_o history_n for_o polybius_n speak_v but_o of_o few_o and_o vegetius_n of_o none_o that_o i_o remember_v except_o 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with_o vineâ—_n if_o one_o of_o the_o ally_n with_o birche_n the_o tribune_n say_v polybius_n for_o neglect_v of_o guard_n have_v power_n to_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o he_o add_v not_o without_o the_o council_n but_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n the_o consul_n have_v power_n without_o advice_n or_o counsel_n of_o any_o whatsoever_o to_o put_v any_o under_o his_o command_n to_o death_n either_o for_o crime_n forbid_v by_o the_o law_n constitution_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o former_a discipline_n or_o for_o transgress_v any_o son_n behead_n their_o own_o son_n new_a command_n or_o edict_n as_o maâ—lius_n strike_v the_o head_n from_o his_o own_o son_n for_o combat_v with_o one_o of_o the_o latin_n contrary_a to_o a_o late_a order_n and_o for_o some_o such_o emergent_a transgression_n some_o think_n posthumius_fw-la do_v as_o much_o to_o his_o son_n as_o i_o tell_v you_o before_o caius_n matienus_n for_o desert_v his_o army_n in_o spain_n be_v first_o cruel_o whip_v with_o rod_n and_o 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as_o suppose_v a_o major_a general_n have_v a_o little_a town_n yield_v to_o he_o by_o accord_n whereby_o he_o permit_v the_o garrison_n to_o march_v to_o a_o place_n of_o great_a importance_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o general_n intend_v to_o besiege_v and_o have_v private_o forbid_v the_o major_a general_n to_o make_v any_o such_o agreement_n they_o may_v punish_v he_o for_o his_o presumption_n but_o be_v bind_v either_o to_o suffer_v the_o garrison_n to_o enjoy_v their_o article_n or_o at_o worst_a to_o go_v back_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v let_v we_o sum_n up_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o particular_a in_o one_o instance_n of_o hannibal_n and_o maharbal_n and_o it_o will_v quadrate_n very_o fit_o with_o the_o subject_n we_o now_o speak_v of_o the_o story_n be_v this_o after_o the_o roman_n werebeat_fw-la at_o the_o lake_n thrasimenus_n hannibal_n send_v maharbal_n roman_n maharbal_n agreement_n with_o 6000_o roman_n to_o pursue_v the_o victory_n 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i_o say_v before_o that_o any_o quarter_n give_v in_o the_o field_n where_o a_o general_n be_v signify_v nothing_o till_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o he_o and_o observe_v that_o article_n and_o agreement_n make_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n as_o this_o of_o maharbal_n be_v bind_v as_o strong_o as_o those_o make_v in_o writing_n for_o promise_n and_o paroll_n of_o prince_n and_o captain_n shall_v be_v sacred_o keep_v grotius_n acknowledge_v that_o maharbal_n agreement_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v infringe_v by_o hannibal_n and_o yet_o in_o that_o same_o chapter_n affirm_v that_o masanissa_n king_n of_o numidia_n a_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o power_n to_o grant_v the_o fair_a sophonisbe_n her_o life_n i_o be_o not_o at_o all_o of_o grotius_n his_o judgement_n for_o first_o scipio_n so_o be_v that_o of_o masanissa_n to_o sophonisbe_n by_o scipio_n masanissa_n act_v by_o scipio_n commission_n second_o he_o be_v far_o from_o scipio_n three_o he_o command_v in_o chief_a where_o he_o than_o be_v fourthly_a sophonisbe_n be_v not_o by_o any_o former_a public_a law_n exempt_v from_o pardon_n five_o if_o masanissa_n have_v private_a instruction_n to_o take_v her_o life_n scipio_n may_v have_v punish_v he_o but_o sophonisbe_n shall_v not_o have_v suffer_v for_o his_o transgression_n but_o shall_v either_o have_v enjoy_v her_o life_n or_o be_v send_v back_o with_o all_o her_o people_n to_o the_o castle_n where_o she_o be_v take_v and_o assure_o masanissa_n have_v power_n to_o grant_v her_o life_n and_o marry_v she_o too_o as_o he_o do_v but_o he_o prefer_v the_o roman_a friendship_n to_o the_o love_n of_o his_o beautiful_a wife_n and_o so_o send_v she_o a_o cup_n of_o poison_n as_o the_o last_o token_n of_o his_o affection_n this_o that_o i_o have_v say_v may_v be_v accommodate_v and_o apply_v to_o james_n duke_n of_o murder_n duke_n hamilton_n death_n murder_n hamilton_n case_n who_o have_v article_n grant_v to_o he_o and_o all_o that_o be_v with_o he_o 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the_o first_o who_o have_v make_v use_n of_o it_o neither_o will_v we_o hinder_v it_o to_o be_v a_o perpetual_a law_n to_o age_n to_o come_v be_v assure_o confident_a say_v they_o that_o if_o you_o have_v that_o power_n over_o we_o that_o we_o probable_o may_v short_o have_v over_o you_o you_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o put_v this_o law_n in_o execution_n against_o we_o so_o you_o see_v that_o both_o cyrus_n and_o the_o athenian_n think_v prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v put_v to_o death_n if_o the_o victor_n please_v not_o only_o by_o the_o law_n of_o war_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o both_o nation_n and_o nature_n before_o i_o go_v further_o i_o shall_v premise_v one_o thing_n at_o which_o perhaps_o many_o of_o my_o own_o profession_n scruple_n which_o be_v that_o notwithstanding_o any_o quarter_n grant_v in_o the_o field_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n or_o skirmish_n or_o at_o the_o assault_n of_o town_n or_o castle_n bâ—llâ—_n how_o a_o general_n may_v use_v his_o prisoner_n of_o war_n jurâ—_n bâ—llâ—_n he_o who_o command_v in_o chief_a over_o the_o victorious_a army_n may_v put_v all_o or_o any_o of_o the_o prisoner_n to_o death_n that_o he_o please_v without_o do_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o law_n of_o war_n because_o they_o have_v no_o quarter_n promise_v they_o by_o he_o either_o by_o word_n or_o in_o writing_n which_o we_o ordinary_o call_v parol_n what_o quarter_n be_v give_v by_o any_o officer_n who_o be_v inferior_a for_o the_o time_n or_o by_o any_o soldier_n be_v but_o till_o the_o general_n or_o commander_n in_o chief_a judge_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o then_o he_o may_v do_v with_o they_o as_o he_o please_v but_o observe_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n that_o though_o jure_v belli_n he_o may_v do_v so_o yet_o when_o he_o put_v prisoner_n to_o death_n in_o cold_a blood_n he_o may_v be_v just_o brand_v with_o inhumanity_n and_o cruelty_n unless_o those_o prisoner_n have_v be_v traitor_n rebel_n runaway_n or_o fugitive_n or_o that_o quarter_n have_v be_v promise_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a command_n of_o the_o general_n any_o of_o these_o alter_v the_o case_n such_o be_v that_o act_n of_o saul_n king_n of_o israel_n who_o give_v quarter_n to_o agag_n contrary_a to_o the_o express_a command_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o host_n who_o have_v ordain_v he_o to_o die_v let_v we_o take_v a_o short_a view_n how_o this_o perpetual_a law_n whereof_o cyrus_n and_o the_o athenian_a ambassador_n speak_v be_v execute_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o i_o believe_v we_o shall_v see_v that_o all_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v either_o ransom_v exchange_v put_v to_o death_n or_o make_v slave_n the_o jew_n differ_v a_o little_a from_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o slave_n jewish_a slave_n slavery_n for_o deut._n 23._o they_o have_v a_o political_a law_n which_o order_v a_o refuge_n to_o their_o slave_n slave_n certain_o who_o come_v to_o that_o calamity_n by_o none_o of_o their_o own_o fault_n and_o that_o be_v most_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o captive_n of_o war._n cyrus_n find_v the_o law_n he_o speak_v of_o practise_v against_o himself_o by_o tomiris_n queen_n of_o scythia_n who_o put_v he_o to_o death_n in_o cold_a blood_n if_o the_o historian_n tell_v we_o truth_n how_o the_o assyrian_a monarch_n use_v their_o prisoner_n though_o profane_a story_n be_v silent_a the_o sacred_a writ_n will_v inform_v we_o by_o it_o we_o know_v how_o tiglath_n pilâ—ser_n take_v away_o the_o ten_o tribe_n of_o israel_n and_o nebuchadnezzâ—r_n the_o other_o two_o to_o babylon_n and_o how_o this_o last_o put_v most_o of_o the_o chief_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o people_n to_o death_n after_o prisoner_n how_o the_o israelite_n use_v their_o prisoner_n they_o be_v prisoner_n and_o cause_v the_o child_n of_o king_n zedâ—kiah_n to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n before_o his_o face_n that_o after_o have_v see_v so_o sad_a a_o spectaâ—le_n he_o may_v have_v his_o eye_n put_v out_o that_o so_o thereafter_o as_o sir_n walter_n raleigâ—_n observe_v well_o he_o may_v never_o see_v any_o thing_n to_o comfort_v he_o the_o captain_n of_o god_n choose_a people_n of_o israel_n and_o judah_n think_v not_o that_o their_o hand_n be_v bind_v up_o by_o any_o quaâ—â—er_a that_o be_v give_v by_o their_o inferior_a commander_n and_o soldier_n but_o pass_v very_o ordinary_o a_o sentence_n of_o death_n upon_o most_o of_o their_o prisoner_n of_o war._n joshua_n hang_v most_o of_o those_o king_n who_o he_o take_v in_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n adonibeâ—â—k_o have_v his_o thumb_n and_o great_a toe_n cut_v off_o for_o so_o he_o have_v use_v seventy_o two_o king_n before_o zebah_n and_o zalmunnah_n king_n of_o midian_a after_o they_o have_v quarter_n give_v they_o be_v kill_v in_o cold_a blood_n by_o gidâ—on_n perhaps_o by_o no_o other_o inspiration_n than_o that_o of_o revenge_n because_o they_o have_v kill_v his_o brethren_n and_o by_o the_o way_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o israelite_n in_o their_o civil_a war_n among_o themselves_o give_v very_o bad_a quarter_n as_o for_o example_n after_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tribe_n have_v kill_v in_o one_o battle_n eighteen_o thousand_o benjamite_n they_o put_v five_o thousand_o of_o they_o to_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o chase_n who_o no_o doubt_n call_v for_o quartor_n the_o text_n say_v they_o glean_v they_o that_o be_v kill_v they_o one_o by_o one_o in_o the_o way_n and_o after_o that_o two_o thousand_o of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n at_o gidoâ—_n who_o i_o make_v no_o question_n yield_v themselves_o prisoner_n how_o many_o thousand_o ephraâ—â—â—tes_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o gileadite_n when_o they_o bewray_v what_o they_o be_v by_o the_o wrong_a pronunciation_n of_o sâ—bbâ—teth_n david_n king_n of_o israel_n prisoner_n david_n very_o severe_a to_o his_o prisoner_n not_o only_o slaughter_v those_o ammonite_n who_o he_o have_v take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o war_n but_o torture_v they_o and_o put_v they_o to_o cruel_a deaâ—â—s_n whether_o he_o do_v this_o â—or_a â—â—y_n other_o reason_n than_o to_o be_v revenge_v for_o the_o disgrace_n do_v to_o his_o ambassador_n by_o hâ—nan_n king_n of_o the_o a_o 〈…〉_o it_o be_v i_o shall_v not_o offer_v to_o determine_v but_o certain_o the_o prophet_n â—lisha_fw-mi give_v a_o contrary_a advice_n to_o jehorâ—â—â—_n king_n of_o israel_n quarter_n elisha_n advise_v to_o give_v fair_a quarter_n who_o ask_v the_o man_n of_o god_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o those_o syrian_n who_o be_v miraculous_o bring_v into_o samâ—ria_n in_o these_o word_n shall_v i_o smiâ—e_v they_o my_o father_n shall_v i_o smiâ—e_v they_o be_v answer_v wiâ—â—_n thou_o smiâ—e_v those_o who_o thou_o have_v takâ—â—_n with_o thy_o bow_n and_o thy_o spear_n nay_o see_v brâ—ad_a and_o water_n before_o they_o and_o send_v thâ—â—_n back_o to_o their_o master_n i_o confess_v this_o be_v very_o fair_a quarter_n but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imitate_v in_o all_o its_o point_n the_o obstinate_a keep_n out_o of_o town_n fort_n and_o castle_n when_o there_o be_v quarter_n a_o occasion_n of_o bad_a quarter_n neither_o hope_n nor_o probability_n of_o succour_n have_v be_v often_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o besiege_a after_o they_o have_v render_v have_v be_v butcher_v to_o death_n that_o be_v after_o they_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o conqueror_n who_o have_v grant_v no_o article_n or_o condition_n may_v put_v they_o all_o to_o death_n without_o any_o stâ—â—â—_n of_o perfidy_n he_o may_v do_v it_o jure_fw-la bâ—lli_fw-la but_o he_o may_v be_v tax_v with_o severity_n if_o not_o cruelty_n for_o it_o yet_o generous_a prince_n have_v practise_v it_o titus_n a_o merciful_a prince_n cast_v the_o jew_n who_o be_v his_o prisoner_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n by_o hundred_o to_o be_v tear_v and_o devour_v by_o wild_a beast_n the_o great_a alexander_n cause_v some_o thousand_o of_o the_o tirian_o to_o be_v scourge_v and_o crucify_a after_o they_o wear_v prisoner_n because_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o city_n they_o have_v so_o long_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o course_n of_o his_o victory_n but_o i_o think_v he_o can_v be_v vindicate_v from_o extreme_a inhumanity_n alexander_n inhumanity_n of_o alexander_n use_v to_o the_o noble_a governor_n of_o gaza_n who_o keep_v out_o that_o place_n courageous_o against_o he_o till_o the_o never-failing_a fortune_n of_o that_o dare_a prince_n put_v the_o woeful_a governor_n into_o his_o hand_n who_o fâ—â—t_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v bore_v and_o through_o the_o hole_n he_o put_v cord_n and_o tie_v these_o to_o horse-tail_n in_o that_o manner_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v drag_v about_o the_o city_n in_o imitation_n perhaps_o of_o what_o homer_n say_v achilles_n of_o who_o alexander_n derive_v his_o pedigree_n do_v to_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o valiant_a hector_n the_o veneti_n a_o people_n in_o gâ—â—le_n be_v overcome_v by_o câ—sar_n
caesar_n severity_n of_o caesar_n in_o a_o nuval_n battel_n yield_v to_o his_o mercy_n but_o because_o they_o have_v before_o give_v hostage_n and_o yet_o have_v rebel_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v imprison_v his_o ambassador_n he_o put_v the_o chief_a man_n of_o they_o to_o death_n and_o sell_v the_o rest_n for_o slave_n and_o at_o vxellodunum_n he_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v maintain_v the_o siege_n against_o he_o and_o have_v yield_v to_o his_o mercy_n because_o they_o have_v rebel_v before_o yet_o the_o same_o câ—sar_n be_v know_v to_o be_v very_o merciful_a xenophon_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o third-book_n say_v that_o prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v use_v without_o form_n of_o law_n or_o process_n of_o justice_n at_o the_o victor_n pleasure_n this_o be_v true_a if_o there_o be_v no_o provion_n article_n or_o treaty_n for_o that_o alie'_v the_o case_n the_o grecian_n be_v cruel_a enough_o to_o their_o prisoner_n in_o that_o nayal_n quarter_n the_o grecians_n general_o give_v bad_a quarter_n battle_n wherein_o the_o lacedaemonian_a lisander_n gain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o athenian_n he_o put_v three_o thousand_o prisoner_n to_o the_o sword_n in_o cold_a blood_n those_o who_o yield_v to_o their_o discretion_n make_v but_o a_o bad_a bargain_n of_o it_o take_v a_o few_o example_n mitilene_n which_o be_v tributary_n to_o athens_n rebel_v the_o inhabitant_n after_o a_o long_a resistance_n yield_v to_o mercy_n the_o first_o sentence_n of_o that_o popular_a state_n be_v that_o all_o the_o man_n above_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n shall_v die_v and_o all_o under_o it_o with_o all_o the_o woman_n shall_v be_v sell_v for_o slave_n the_o next_o day_n verdict_n be_v more_o favourable_a which_o give_v life_n and_o liberty_n to_o all_o except_o the_o ringleader_n of_o the_o sedition_n but_o these_o the_o athenian_n make_v not_o to_o be_v so_o few_o as_o a_o thousand_o the_o platâ—â—ns_n a_o free_a people_n of_o greece_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n yield_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o put_v every_o one_o of_o they_o to_o death_n and_o sell_v the_o woman_n for_o slave_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o melus_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v a_o little_a before_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n yield_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o athenian_n but_o they_o exercise_v that_o perpetual_a law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n over_o the_o vanquish_a whereof_o their_o ambassador_n have_v tell_v they_o and_o though_o they_o have_v no_o pretext_n of_o other_o power_n over_o they_o but_o that_o of_o the_o sharp_a sword_n yet_o they_o kill_v all_o the_o man_n that_o be_v above_o fourteen_o year_n old_a and_o sell_v all_o the_o woman_n and_o male_a child_n for_o slave_n but_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o most_o merciless_a conqueror_n of_o any_o nation_n except_o prisoner_n the_o roman_n general_o most_o merciless_a to_o prisoner_n the_o cannibal_n who_o feed_v their_o prisoner_n to_o kill_v and_o eat_v they_o for_o those_o prisoner_n who_o they_o kill_v not_o they_o reserve_v for_o worse_a use_n than_o drudgery_n and_o slavery_n some_o be_v keep_v to_o adorn_v their_o pompous_a triumph_n and_o when_o the_o triumpher_n chariot_n turn_v towards_o the_o capitol_n than_o the_o woeful_a captive_n be_v take_v to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n and_o there_o butcher_v to_o death_n and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v a_o cruel_a mercy_n to_o make_v they_o die_v a_o worse_a death_n afterward_o which_o be_v the_o fortune_n of_o persâ—us_n the_o last_o king_n of_o macedon_n for_o after_o he_o with_o his_o child_n all_o in_o chain_n have_v be_v make_v spectacle_n at_o aeâ—â—ilius_n his_o triumphant_a chariot_n they_o be_v leave_v to_o die_v in_o prison_n for_o want_n of_o either_o food_n or_o sleep_n the_o two_o great_a supporter_n of_o man_n life_n other_o of_o their_o prisoner_n be_v force_v to_o fight_v and_o fence_v at_o sharps_n on_o the_o amphitheatre_n till_o they_o kill_v one_o another_o and_o all_o to_o make_v sport_n to_o that_o inhuman_a people_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o they_o be_v force_v many_o time_n to_o satiate_v the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o spectator_n by_o fight_v for_o their_o life_n with_o lion_n bear_n and_o tiger_n keep_v purposely_o from_o meat_n to_o make_v they_o more_o eager_a to_o devour_v those_o miserable_a wretch_n and_o thus_o they_o use_v woman_n as_o well_o as_o man_n i_o tell_v you_o also_o how_o titus_n who_o be_v so_o meek_a a_o prince_n that_o he_o be_v call_v the_o delight_n of_o mankind_n use_v the_o infatuate_v jew_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o jerusalem_n so_o unlimited_a a_o power_n do_v those_o ancient_a conqueror_n assume_v to_o themselves_o over_o the_o person_n and_o life_n of_o their_o prisoner_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o war_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n they_o have_v acquire_v yet_o the_o roman_a senate_n very_o often_o either_o real_o be_v or_o seem_v to_o be_v dissatisfy_v senate_n roman_a cruelty_n to_o prisoner_n often_o restrain_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o some_o of_o their_o consul_n and_o other_o supreme_a commander_n of_o their_o army_n who_o be_v cruel_a to_o those_o who_o yield_v to_o mercy_n so_o when_o sâ—rgius_n galba_n have_v sell_v in_o spain_n all_o those_o portuguese_n who_o have_v submit_v themselves_o a_o law_n be_v make_v at_o rome_n to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n but_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n and_o this_o import_v juggle_v but_o the_o senate_n go_v further_o for_o they_o punish_v some_o of_o their_o general_n for_o use_v cruelty_n to_o those_o who_o yield_v to_o mercy_n as_o the_o proconsul_n plicinius_n crassius_n and_o two_o admiral_n be_v judicial_o condemn_v at_o rome_n for_o their_o inhumanities_n of_o that_o nature_n in_o greece_n the_o consul_n m._n popilius_n have_v by_o sundry_a victory_n well_o near_o ruin_v the_o ligurian_o ten_o thousand_o of_o they_o submit_v to_o his_o discretion_n and_o observe_v what_o that_o be_v he_o first_o disarm_v they_o next_o he_o raze_v their_o town_n three_o he_o sell_v all_o their_o good_n and_o substance_n and_o fourthly_a he_o sell_v themselves_o for_o slave_n a_o most_o detestable_a action_n and_o as_o such_o resent_v by_o the_o senate_n who_o order_v the_o consul_n to_o pay_v back_o the_o price_n to_o the_o buyer_n restore_v the_o poor_a ligurian_o to_o their_o liberty_n and_o return_v to_o they_o as_o much_o of_o their_o good_n and_o as_o many_o of_o their_o arm_n as_o can_v be_v recover_v but_o the_o half_a of_o this_o be_v not_o perform_v by_o the_o consul_n yet_o the_o reason_n on_o which_o the_o senate_n ground_v this_o order_n be_v very_o observable_a because_o say_v they_o victory_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o exercise_v cruelty_n on_o those_o who_o yield_v to_o mercy_n but_o in_o vanquish_a the_o obstinate_a and_o contumacious_a most_o of_o the_o capuan_n who_o stand_v for_o hannibal_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n yield_v themselves_o and_o city_n to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o two_o roman_a consul_n one_o whereof_o be_v wound_v and_o incline_v to_o be_v merciful_a but_o the_o other_o q._n fulvius_n cause_v eighty_o of_o the_o principal_a citizen_n first_o to_o be_v whip_v with_o rod_n and_o then_o behead_v with_o axe_n and_o he_o use_v all_o the_o rest_n very_o inhumane_o and_o assure_o the_o fear_n of_o merciless_a usage_n and_o bad_a quarter_n have_v force_v many_o effect_n fear_v of_o bad_a quarter_n produce_v desperate_a effect_n to_o make_v a_o unlooked_a for_o resistance_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o prevail_a party_n for_o despaiâ—_n produce_v the_o most_o horrid_a and_o desperate_a effect_n most_o of_o the_o saguntines_n save_v hannibal_n a_o labour_n to_o kill_v they_o by_o kill_v themselves_o the_o citizen_n of_o astapa_n in_o spain_n detest_a the_o roman_a cruelty_n make_v a_o great_a â—ile_n of_o wood_n within_o their_o town_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n throw_v first_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n into_o it_o and_o then_o themselves_o when_o philip_n the_o last_o king_n of_o maceâ—â—n_n except_o one_o will_v grant_v no_o other_o condition_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o abide_v but_o to_o yield_v to_o his_o mercy_n which_o they_o know_v be_v the_o extreme_a of_o cruelty_n after_o many_o desperate_a resolution_n and_o vigorous_a opposition_n when_o the_o macedonian_n enter_v it_o be_v a_o ruthful_a sight_n to_o see_v the_o poor_a abyden_n destroy_v one_o another_o promiscuous_o man_n and_o woman_n young_a and_o old_a some_o hang_v their_o wife_n first_o and_o then_o themselves_o other_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o their_o child_n and_o then_o their_o own_o other_o cast_v their_o near_a relation_n in_o well_n and_o over_o the_o top_n of_o house_n and_o themselves_o after_o they_o philip_n be_v astonish_v and_o appall_v at_o so_o terrible_a
or_o parade_n unless_o they_o be_v so_o strong_a and_o in_o so_o good_a order_n and_o posture_n that_o the_o sight_n of_o they_o may_v serve_v to_o terrify_v a_o enemy_n scipio_n the_o african_a in_o time_n of_o a_o treaty_n with_o syphax_n and_o asâ—râ—bal_n have_v by_o his_o commission_n sufficient_o spy_v the_o posture_n of_o their_o guard_n and_o weakness_n of_o their_o camp_n sudden_o break_v off_o the_o treaty_n set_v upon_o they_o burn_v their_o leaguer_n and_o destroy_v forty_o thousand_o of_o their_o man_n in_o this_o the_o roman_a general_n make_v no_o breach_n of_o faith_n nor_o promise_n but_o make_v a_o more_o prudent_a use_n of_o the_o treaty_n than_o the_o enemy_n do_v treaty_n promise_n and_o article_n shall_v be_v religious_o observe_v but_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o prudent_a mistrust_n often_o necessary_a for_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n be_v desperate_o wicked_a and_o deceitful_a above_o all_o thing_n who_o can_v know_v it_o and_o here_o the_o old_a lesson_n disce_fw-la diffidere_fw-la be_v very_o often_o necessary_a to_o be_v remember_v trebonius_z caesar_n legate_n have_v very_o long_o besiege_v marseilles_n and_o have_v grant_v the_o defendant_n truce_n till_o caesar_n come_v this_o render_v the_o besieger_n negligent_a marseilles_n caesar_n legate_n cheat_v by_o a_o treaty_n at_o marseilles_n which_o the_o marsillians_n perceive_v and_o have_v a_o high_a and_o fair_a wind_n for_o their_o purpose_n sally_v and_o in_o a_o moment_n burn_v his_o ambulatory_a tower_n his_o ram_n muscle_n and_o other_o machine_n of_o war_n which_o have_v be_v the_o work_n of_o many_o month_n in_o one_o of_o my_o discourse_n of_o the_o modern_a art_n of_o war_n i_o shall_v speak_v more_o full_o of_o the_o sad_a effect_n of_o negligence_n in_o time_n of_o parley_n and_o treaty_n some_o of_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n be_v in_o treaty_n with_o caesar_n and_o have_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n with_o he_o they_o perfidious_o break_v it_o and_o kill_v many_o of_o his_o people_n he_o march_v against_o they_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o without_o any_o previous_a liberty_n demand_v or_o grant_v by_o he_o for_o those_o ambassador_n and_o therefore_o he_o keep_v they_o in_o restraint_n till_o he_o have_v utter_o undo_v their_o army_n here_o they_o break_v with_o caesar_n not_o caesar_n with_o they_o for_o after_o their_o breach_n he_o neither_o grant_v they_o treaty_n nor_o cessation_n nor_o passport_n for_o their_o ambassador_n yet_o cato_n in_o full_a senate_n avouch_v this_o act_n of_o he_o to_o be_v perfidy_n and_o a_o cato_n caesar_n reputation_n question_v by_o cato_n breach_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o plead_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o gaul_n who_o he_o have_v offend_v as_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o appease_v the_o wrath_n of_o the_o immortal_a go_n the_o ancient_a greek_n who_o account_v all_o other_o nation_n barbarian_n break_v frequent_o their_o treaty_n convention_n and_o article_n very_o barbarous_o those_o 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nicias_n the_o other_o athenian_a general_n submit_v himself_o without_o condition_n to_o gilippus_n his_o discretion_n both_o of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o though_o no_o article_n be_v usage_n perfidious_n and_o cruel_a usage_n break_v to_o nicias_n yet_o it_o be_v inhumanity_n to_o kill_v he_o in_o cold_a blood_n but_o in_o the_o death_n of_o demosthenes_n perfidy_n be_v add_v to_o cruelty_n the_o bloody_a dictator_n sylla_n make_v article_n with_o three_o thousand_o roman_n at_o antenna_n and_o give_v they_o their_o life_n on_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v kill_v some_o of_o their_o own_o party_n within_o the_o town_n who_o be_v his_o enemy_n they_o perform_v their_o part_n but_o so_o do_v not_o he_o for_o he_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o sword_n a_o perfidious_a act_n of_o his_o part_n though_o indeed_o they_o meet_v with_o that_o which_o they_o well_o deserve_v treaty_n ought_v to_o be_v conclude_v and_o agreement_n and_o article_n subscribe_v without_o any_o design_n to_o pick_v quarrel_n or_o to_o lay_v hold_n on_o any_o small_a emergent_a article_n no_o quarrel_n to_o be_v pick_v out_o of_o article_n that_o may_v seem_v to_o give_v the_o contract_a party_n any_o ombrage_n or_o occasion_n of_o break_v this_o have_v be_v too_o often_o practise_v in_o our_o modern_a war_n nor_o do_v some_o of_o the_o ancient_n fail_v to_o help_v themselves_o with_o base_a fetch_n take_v two_o or_o three_o instance_n at_o pilos_fw-la the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v beat_v at_o sea_n by_o the_o athenian_n and_o four_o hundred_o of_o they_o shut_v up_o in_o a_o barren_a island_n likely_a to_o be_v starve_v a_o agreement_n be_v make_v the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v to_o deliver_v up_o their_o ship_n a_o final_a peace_n be_v to_o be_v conclude_v and_o those_o in_o the_o island_n be_v to_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n but_o if_o any_o one_o article_n happen_v to_o be_v infringe_v than_o all_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v void_a and_o if_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n who_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n do_v not_o ratify_v this_o agreement_n the_o truce_n be_v to_o end_v the_o war_n to_o begin_v and_o all_o the_o thucydides_n thucydides_n galley_n be_v to_o be_v restore_v the_o athenian_a state_n reject_v the_o treaty_n the_o cessation_n be_v give_v up_o the_o war_n be_v commence_v but_o the_o fleet_n be_v not_o restore_v because_o say_v the_o athenian_a captain_n in_o time_n of_o the_o truce_n some_o of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n endeavour_v to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o barren_a isle_n into_o pilos_fw-la a_o most_o detestable_a perfidy_n and_o what_o better_a be_v the_o usage_n the_o samnite_n get_v from_o the_o roman_n in_o that_o treaty_n wherein_o they_o give_v the_o roman_a army_n liberty_n to_o depart_v livius_n livius_n and_o go_v home_o after_o they_o have_v make_v every_o man_n of_o they_o pass_v under_o the_o gallow_n at_o caudium_n the_o senate_n refuse_v to_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n prepare_v for_o war_n and_o send_v the_o consul_n who_o have_v sign_v the_o article_n prisoner_n to_o the_o samnite_n a_o subterfuge_n which_o do_v not_o quadrate_n with_o the_o justice_n to_o which_o they_o pretend_v yet_o it_o be_v such_o usage_n as_o be_v foretell_v to_o the_o samnite_n by_o their_o old_a general_n herennius_n a_o considerable_a number_n of_o corcyrian_o who_o seditious_o have_v leave_v the_o town_n take_v arm_n and_o spoil_v the_o adjacent_a country_n be_v rout_v by_o the_o athenian_n they_o come_v to_o a_o parley_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v first_o they_o shall_v deliver_v up_o all_o their_o arm_n second_o all_o their_o auxiliary_n and_o three_o they_o shall_v remain_v faithful_a prisoner_n till_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n give_v judgement_n what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o they_o but_o still_o provide_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v deliver_v to_o their_o merciless_a countryman_n the_o corcyrian_o athenian_n perfidy_n of_o the_o athenian_n but_o this_o be_v the_o athenian_n grand_a design_n and_o therefore_o a_o article_n be_v shuffle_v in_o that_o if_o any_o one_o of_o these_o condition_n be_v break_v all_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v void_a then_o be_v some_o corcyrian_o send_v to_o the_o prisoner_n who_o counterfeit_v themselves_o friend_n advise_v they_o to_o escape_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n offer_v they_o a_o ship_n the_o infatuate_v people_n lay_v hold_v on_o the_o offer_n and_o sail_n away_o but_o be_v waylay_v be_v easy_o retake_v and_o then_o deliver_v to_o their_o capital_a enemy_n who_o put_v they_o all_o to_o cruel_a death_n a_o execrable_a act_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o their_o city_n be_v famous_a for_o school_n wherein_o be_v teach_v the_o moral_a virtue_n i_o will_v not_o speak_v here_o of_o hannibal_n break_v maharbal_n capitulation_n with_o six_o thousand_o roman_n at_o thrasimenus_n but_o shall_v reserve_v it_o till_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o power_n that_o subordinate_a officer_n have_v to_o
first_o strict_a law_n be_v make_v for_o the_o observance_n of_o religious_a duty_n a_o submission_n religion_n for_o religion_n to_o church-discipline_n and_o a_o due_a respect_n to_o be_v give_v to_o all_o ecclesiastical_a person_n against_o atheism_n blasphemy_n perjury_n and_o the_o profanation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n second_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o majesty_n and_o authority_n loyalty_n for_o loyalty_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n in_o who_o service_n the_o army_n be_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v or_o speak_v to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o himself_o his_o government_n his_o undertake_n or_o the_o justice_n of_o any_o of_o his_o action_n under_o all_o high_a pain_n three_o for_o honour_n respect_n and_o obedience_n to_o be_v give_v to_o all_o superior_a commander_n from_o the_o high_a obedience_n for_o obedience_n to_o the_o low_a of_o they_o and_o none_o of_o their_o command_n be_v to_o be_v dispute_v much_o less_o be_v they_o themselves_o to_o be_v affront_v either_o by_o gesture_n word_n or_o action_n but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o command_n be_v not_o diametrical_o contrary_a and_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o prince_n his_o service_n but_o indeed_o such_o command_n will_v be_v so_o clear_a that_o they_o need_v no_o canvas_n otherwise_o any_o disobedience_n open_v a_o door_n to_o resistance_n that_o usher_v in_o sedition_n which_o often_o be_v support_v by_o open_a rebellion_n to_o clear_v which_o suppose_v what_o frequent_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o governor_n of_o a_o well_o fortify_v and_o a_o well_o provide_v place_n offer_v to_o deliver_v lawful_a disobedience_n to_o unlawful_a command_n lawful_a it_o up_o to_o a_o enemy_n without_o opposition_n those_o under_o he_o may_v resist_v so_o unjust_a and_o so_o base_a a_o command_n and_o they_o not_o only_o may_v but_o aught_o to_o resist_v he_o for_o the_o disobedience_n in_o such_o a_o case_n of_o the_o subaltern_a officer_n and_o soldier_n be_v a_o piece_n of_o excellent_a service_n do_v to_o their_o master_n and_o if_o they_o do_v it_o not_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o those_o law_n of_o war_n which_o for_o give_v over_o a_o fort_n in_o that_o fashion_n sentence_n the_o governor_n to_o a_o ignominious_a death_n the_o inferior_a commander_n to_o be_v shameful_o cashier_v and_o the_o common_a soldier_n to_o be_v disarm_v and_o make_v serve_v as_o pioner_n to_o the_o army_n which_o be_v act_n of_o great_a injustice_n if_o inferior_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v a_o blind_a obedience_n to_o all_o the_o command_v of_o their_o superior_n whatever_o they_o be_v without_o exception_n and_o such_o a_o case_n it_o be_v when_o a_o officer_n command_v those_o under_o he_o to_o desert_n their_o post_n whether_o that_o be_v in_o town_n camp_n leaguer_n or_o field_n and_o go_v over_o with_o he_o to_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o do_v so_o and_o be_v ever_o retake_v he_o be_v punish_v for_o his_o treachery_n and_o they_o for_o their_o obedience_n to_o so_o illegal_a a_o command_n four_o article_n of_o war_n be_v make_v for_o due_a and_o strict_a keep_n of_o guard_n watch_n for_o keep_v strict_a guard_n and_o watch_n and_o watch_n and_o here_o as_o in_o many_o other_o point_n observe_v the_o severity_n of_o military_a law_n for_o he_o who_o after_o tap-too_a discharge_v any_o hand_n gun_n be_v it_o pistol_n musket_n fusee_fw-fr or_o carrabine_n unless_o against_o a_o enemy_n or_o he_o who_o sleep_v on_o his_o centinel_n or_o desert_n it_o or_o he_o who_o be_v drink_v on_o his_o watch_n be_v all_o to_o die_v these_o be_v crime_n which_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o most_o nation_n do_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o in_o the_o law_n of_o war_n this_o severity_n be_v think_v no_o more_o than_o necessary_a five_o law_n be_v make_v against_o those_o who_o stay_v behind_o or_o straggle_v in_o ordinary_a straggler_n against_o straggler_n or_o extraordinary_a march_n six_o against_o fugitive_n and_o runnaway_n either_o such_o as_o leave_v their_o colour_n runnaway_n against_o runnaway_n when_o they_o be_v in_o garrison_n or_o quarter_n and_o desert_n the_o service_n under_o any_o pretence_n without_o a_o pass_n or_o such_o as_o run_v away_o from_o their_o colour_n or_o their_o officer_n in_o the_o field_n in_o time_n of_o skirmish_n or_o battle_n or_o such_o who_o in_o storm_n and_o assault_n desert_n their_o post_n till_o either_o they_o be_v wound_v or_o have_v make_v use_n of_o their_o sword_n all_o these_o be_v liable_a to_o death_n and_o those_o who_o wound_n or_o kill_v any_o of_o they_o in_o their_o flight_n in_o their_o go_n or_o run_v away_o be_v not_o to_o be_v accountable_a for_o it_o seven_o against_o those_o who_o make_v any_o treaty_n or_o agreement_n in_o the_o field_n enemy_n against_o treaty_n with_o a_o enemy_n with_o a_o enemy_n without_o the_o command_n or_o consent_v of_o he_o who_o command_v in_o chief_a and_o here_o again_o observe_v another_o case_n wherein_o inferior_n be_v to_o refuse_v obedience_n the_o military_a law_n condemn_v a_o colonel_n for_o such_o a_o treaty_n and_o every_o ten_o soldier_n of_o his_o regiment_n to_o die_v with_o he_o for_o give_v obedience_n to_o so_o unjust_a a_o command_n eight_o against_o those_o who_o surrender_v fortify_v place_n unless_o extreme_a necessity_n crime_n against_o needless_a surrender_n of_o fort_n and_o several_a other_o crime_n require_v it_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v in_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n nine_o against_o those_o who_o mutiny_n burn_v house_n without_o the_o general_n command_n commit_v robbery_n murder_n theft_n or_o violence_n to_o those_o who_o have_v the_o general_n safeguard_n and_o against_o those_o who_o keep_v private_a correspondence_n unless_o order_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o general_n all_o these_o crime_n by_o most_o military_a law_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n ten_o against_o private_a combat_n or_o duel_n the_o combatant_n and_o duel_n against_o duel_n their_o second_o be_v to_o die_v and_o if_o superior_a officer_n know_v of_o the_o combat_n and_o do_v not_o hinder_v it_o they_o be_v to_o be_v cashier_v with_o ignominy_n a_o necessary_a law_n enough_o yet_o seldom_o put_v in_o execution_n eleven_o against_o those_o who_o sell_v play_v or_o pawn_v or_o change_v their_o arm_n arms._n against_o seller_n or_o pawner_n of_o arms._n either_o defensive_a or_o offensive_a whether_o he_o be_v a_o horseman_n or_o a_o foot-soldier_n he_o who_o do_v any_o of_o these_o be_v not_o only_o punishable_a but_o likewise_o he_o who_o buy_v win_v or_o take_v they_o in_o pawn_n twelve_o against_o false_a muster_n whether_o it_o be_v of_o man_n horse_n arm_n muster_n against_o false_a muster_n saddle_n or_o other_o furniture_n by_o these_o article_n not_o only_o those_o who_o make_v the_o false_a muster_n but_o all_o those_o who_o help_v to_o make_v it_o be_v punishable_a thirteen_o against_o those_o who_o detain_v the_o pay_n of_o either_o horseman_n or_o pay_n against_o those_o who_o detain_v the_o prince_n pay_n foot-soldier_n any_o officer_n guilty_a of_o this_o deserve_v to_o die_v neither_o if_o a_o officer_n have_v lend_v money_n to_o a_o soldier_n may_v he_o pay_v himself_o or_o retain_v in_o his_o hand_n what_o he_o please_v but_o must_v give_v he_o as_o much_o of_o his_o pay_n as_o can_v entertain_v he_o to_o do_v his_o master_n service_n fourteen_o against_o those_o officer_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v except_o the_o general_n pass_n against_o those_o who_o give_v pass_n who_o give_v pass_n the_o swedish_n article_n order_n a_o colonel_n who_o presume_v to_o give_v a_o pass_n to_o lose_v his_o life_n and_o to_o lose_v his_o charge_n if_o he_o permit_v any_o under_o his_o command_n to_o go_v home_o without_o the_o feltmarshals_a knowledge_n other_o abominable_a crime_n such_o as_o adultery_n incest_n sodomy_n beastiality_n crime_n great_a crime_n parricide_n be_v examine_v try_a and_o punish_v according_a to_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o army_n and_o many_o small_a fault_n smaller_n fault_n fault_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o cognizance_n discretion_n and_o arbitrement_n of_o a_o court_n of_o war._n a_o council_n of_o war_n and_o a_o court_n of_o war_n be_v common_o by_o ordinary_a war._n a_o council_n of_o war._n soldier_n confound_v as_o if_o they_o be_v one_o thing_n whereas_o they_o be_v very_o different_a the_o first_o be_v compose_v of_o those_o person_n who_o the_o prince_n or_o his_o general_n call_v to_o consult_v with_o concern_v the_o manage_n the_o war_n and_o these_o be_v indeed_o but_o counsellor_n and_o have_v in_o most_o army_n their_o precedent_n who_o be_v nominate_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n they_o do_v but_o advise_v for_o the_o prince_n or_o his_o captain-general_n have_v a_o negative_a voice_n and_o retain_v a_o power_n to_o themselves_o to_o do_v what_o they_o please_v a_o court_n of_o war_n consist_v of_o
fellow_n will_v be_v hire_v with_o money_n to_o go_v through_o the_o strict_a close_a and_o best_a guard_a approach_n and_o this_o be_v ordinary_o do_v in_o time_n of_o a_o sally_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o if_o the_o intelligencer_n have_v agree_v with_o the_o governor_n concern_v the_o precise_a time_n of_o his_o return_n another_o sally_n be_v make_v for_o his_o reception_n at_o the_o time_n of_o a_o desperate_a sally_n at_o the_o reparation_n of_o a_o dangerous_a breach_n at_o the_o work_n of_o retrench_v in_o time_n of_o a_o furious_a cannonade_n or_o when_o a_o assault_n be_v assure_o expect_v a_o largess_n of_o money_n with_o large_a promise_n of_o more_o have_v a_o wonderful_a influence_n upon_o the_o heart_n of_o soldier_n nor_o shall_v a_o governor_n spare_v in_o time_n of_o want_n to_o inhabitant_n a_o governor_n may_v borrow_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n borrow_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o if_o they_o be_v disaffect_v he_o may_v force_v they_o to_o lend_v and_o 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force_n or_o in_o a_o retreat_n to_o give_v a_o stop_n to_o a_o enemy_n furious_a pursuit_n and_o this_o ratio_fw-la belli_n in_o such_o case_n have_v ratio_fw-la physica_fw-la in_o the_o belly_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o amputation_n by_o cut_v one_o member_n off_o to_o save_v the_o whole_a body_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o give_v over_o a_o fortify_v place_n without_o a_o noble_a and_o death_n to_o give_v over_o with_o small_a or_o no_o resistance_n punishable_a with_o death_n soldierlike_a resistance_n be_v a_o crime_n which_o come_v near_o to_o that_o of_o treason_n for_o it_o be_v indeed_o tradere_fw-la urbem_fw-la in_o potestatem_fw-la hostess_fw-la to_o betray_v the_o town_n into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o ancient_n so_o it_o be_v yet_o punishable_a with_o shameful_a death_n monluc_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o commentary_n that_o don_n arbre_fw-mi a_o spanish_a colonel_n cause_v a_o captain_n to_o be_v hang_v at_o 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of_o art_n have_v either_o sudden_o be_v take_v by_o force_n or_o soon_o bring_v to_o surrender_v on_o article_n i_o say_v they_o doubt_v not_o answer_v answer_v to_o aver_v that_o a_o town_n which_o have_v a_o strong_a stone_n wall_n observe_v here_o that_o the_o hard_a stone_n be_v soon_o breach_v with_o tower_n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o with_o dry_a and_o deep_a ditch_n a_o good_a and_o firm_a counterscarp_n without_o any_o outwork_n wherein_o man_n be_v irrecoverable_o lose_v to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o fort_n this_o town_n defend_v by_o a_o resolute_a and_o indifferent_o well_o experience_v governor_n second_v by_o stout_a and_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o burgess_n though_o not_o very_o numerous_a may_v make_v as_o good_a and_o as_o long_o if_o not_o a_o stout_a and_o long_a resistance_n than_o a_o town_n fortify_v a-la-modern_a câ—teris_fw-la paribus_fw-la that_o be_v the_o one_o be_v provide_v as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o with_o 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it_o be_v fit_a to_o speak_v something_o of_o they_o in_o the_o twenty_o three_o chapter_n of_o my_o discourse_n of_o the_o roman_a art_n of_o war_n i_o have_v show_v you_o the_o manner_n of_o they_o among_o the_o ancient_n between_o which_o and_o that_o use_v in_o the_o modern_a war_n we_o shall_v not_o find_v very_o essential_a difference_n and_o first_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o prisoner_n imprisonment_n be_v one_o of_o those_o seven_o external_a affliction_n which_o learned_a man_n imprisonment_n imprisonment_n say_v follow_v the_o humane_a nature_n and_o may_v befall_v every_o particular_a man_n how_o great_a soever_o he_o be_v emperor_n and_o king_n yea_o our_o bless_a saviour_n as_o he_o be_v man_n be_v not_o exempt_v from_o it_o man_n be_v make_v prisoner_n for_o crime_n for_o debt_n and_o by_o chance_n of_o war_n and_o it_o be_v of_o these_o i_o name_v last_o whereof_o i_o now_o discourse_n how_o those_o shall_v demean_v or_o comfort_v themselves_o i_o leave_v to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o divine_a or_o moral_a philosopher_n only_o i_o shall_v say_v this_o and_o perhaps_o may_v aver_v it_o to_o be_v true_a that_o if_o soldier_n will_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o be_v sometime_o alone_o and_o learn_v to_o enjoy_v themselves_o without_o other_o company_n and_o have_v those_o meditation_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o their_o own_o mortal_a and_o uncertain_a condition_n they_o will_v endure_v imprisonment_n with_o great_a patience_n than_o those_o can_v who_o when_o they_o be_v at_o liberty_n can_v live_v without_o society_n and_o company_n for_o he_o who_o can_v live_v pleasant_o and_o content_o alone_a will_v find_v a_o prison_n easy_a enough_o if_o no_o other_o affliction_n be_v add_v to_o it_o we_o may_v divide_v all_o prisoner_n of_o war_n into_o two_o class_n of_o those_o who_o be_v take_v class_n prisoner_n of_o war_n divide_v into_o two_o class_n without_o any_o previous_a treaty_n and_o
little_a from_o beast_n woâ—â—_n piece_n and_o piece_n out_o of_o fashion_n yet_o long_o after_o christianity_n shine_v over_o the_o world_n â—â—_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v make_v slave_n for_o there_o be_v some_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n extant_a that_o forbid_v man_n to_o counsel_n slave_n to_o desert_n their_o master_n but_o by_o tract_n of_o time_n all_o nation_n as_o it_o have_v be_v by_o a_o universal_a consent_n leave_v off_o to_o make_v their_o prisoner_n slave_n or_o to_o sell_v they_o as_o such_o because_o they_o be_v then_o better_o instruct_v in_o the_o law_n of_o charity_n than_o to_o abstain_v from_o kill_v miserable_a captive_n only_o out_o of_o respect_n of_o gain_n to_o themselves_o or_o at_o least_o to_o seem_v to_o be_v less_o cruel_a but_o three_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o great_a constantine_n death_n when_o mahometanism_n have_v spread_v its_o darkness_n over_o the_o east_n slavery_n be_v mahomet_n bring_v back_o by_o mahomet_n bring_v back_o to_o the_o 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article_n the_o garrison_n surround_v and_o force_v to_o declare_v for_o the_o emperor_n and_o if_o you_o will_v peruse_v ireton_n treaty_n with_o the_o town_n of_o limerick_n in_o ireland_n 1651._o you_o will_v find_v it_o of_o the_o same_o stamp_n or_o worse_a after_o he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o place_n under_o pretext_n of_o some_o breach_n of_o the_o garrison_n he_o break_v all_o agreement_n and_o hang_v the_o mayor_n and_o several_a other_o to_o bear_v he_o company_n but_o after_o such_o sad_a story_n of_o the_o bad_a observation_n of_o capitulation_n let_v i_o refresh_v you_o with_o the_o relation_n of_o a_o merry_a but_o a_o true_a treaty_n which_o be_v very_o punctual_o observe_v when_o spinola_n have_v retire_v himself_o from_o the_o low_a palatinate_n one_o a_o pretty_a story_n and_o yet_o a_o true_a one_o to_o brabant_n he_o leave_v don_n corduba_n to_o finish_v the_o war_n in_o that_o distress_a country_n this_o spanish_a general_n march_v to_o a_o little_a town_n call_v ogerheim_n out_o of_o which_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v flee_v for_o fear_n except_o twenty_o four_o these_o discharge_v some_o falconet_n upon_o the_o spanish_a fore-troop_n and_o thereafter_o unâ—_n over_o the_o wall_n where_o they_o be_v low_a only_a the_o town-shepherd_n who_o be_v call_v hans_n warsch_n for_o he_o deserve_v to_o have_v his_o name_n record_v stay_v a_o trumpeter_n be_v send_v to_o summon_v the_o place_n the_o spaniard_n not_o know_v its_o solitary_a condition_n with_o who_o hans_n capitulate_v that_o himself_o and_o his_o family_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o life_n good_n and_o free_a liberty_n of_o their_o religion_n to_o which_o the_o trumpeter_n ready_o condescend_v and_o then_o hans_n open_v one_o of_o the_o port_n this_o agreement_n be_v ratify_v and_o faithful_o keep_v by_o don_n corduba_n a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v examine_v and_o both_o hire_v and_o threaten_v to_o tell_v all_o spy_n a_o soldier_n no_o spy_n he_o know_v but_o if_o he_o will_v 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