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death_n	late_a	young_a	youth_n	34	3	7.1365	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A55902	The history of France under the ministry of Cardinal Mazarine containing all the remarkable and curious passages in the government of that state, from the death of King Louis XIII, which happened in the year 1643, to the death of the cardinal, which was in the year 1664 / written in Latine by Sieur Benjamin Priolo ... ; done into English by Christopher Wase.; Ab excessu Ludovici XIII de rebus Gallicis historiarum libri XII. English	Priolo, Benjamin, 1602-1667.; Wase, Christopher, 1625?-1690.	1671 (1671)	Wing P3506A; ESTC R7055	242,261	471

Corps is interred amongst his Predecessors at S. Denis without any pomp or but very little Such directions had he given when he ordered concerning his Burial When Lewis was dead every one begun to entertain serious thoughts of his own estate I judge it therefore seasonable before I compile the intended story to declare how the Princes the Parliament the Ecclesiasticks the Provinces the Armies stood affected what were the Bounds of the Empire how firm the Allies and in sum what was the state of our Affairs what Parts in the Government were strong what again weak So that not only the Products and Events of Actions which ordinarily are but contingent but the reason too and causes of them may be known The Death of Lewis as it was joyfully taken at the first heat by those that were transported with it so did it stir up divers thoughts and affections not only in the City and Parliament but likewise in the Provinces and amidst the Armies and Officers The Followers and Friends of the Banished and Imprisoned begun to hold up their heads The King towards his later days whether stung in conscience or to throw an Odium upon Richlieu and that he might lay at his door the cruelty of all proceedings had recalled the Banished and release those that had long lain in prison 3. The Princes of the Blood were joyful as is usual upon change of Government resuming presently their liberty with intention to use their power more licentiously as having to do with a King but five years old a Spanish Woman and Mazarine an Italian For the Bishop of Beauvais did not long continue in favour as one insufficient to draw in such a yoke as his Rivals would make believe Gaston Duke of Orleans the Kings Uncle who had neither love nor hatred but as they were imprest all his life time subject to the Tuition of his Counsellors did at that time lead a life free from cares under the Conduct of the Abbot of Rivieres whose Counsels tending to Peace he did not always follow to his own great damage Then spent he his days in jollity his nights in dancing and drew money to bear these expences out of the Exchequer which as long as it stood open to him he never troubled himself about the Government Conde was a profound Politician He had a strange Art of living Men coming new from the Plough or Ship-broad might find him neither stately nor guarded and he would freely confer with them He was open to all and enquired into every thing know every thing He minded all affairs great and small and so by these ways more than the clashing of Arms raised his Estate to vast Wealth which he was the first Conde that every cared to heap up and in that being very considerable and abounding desired that nothing but the Honour of the Kingdom and the Publick Welfare with his private Gains Enguien his Son leaving all care either of State or Family to his Father then only affected Martial Glory And at that age a successful daring had in him the place of Valour but when his parts attain to maturity he shall come to the highest pitch of perfection What he came afterwards to be the order of the Story will inform His Brother Continewly come from School did scarce write man of an excellent disposition which afterwards inclined to Religion not that which consists in disputing but in living having the sap of good works in seriousness not out of ostentation Longueville Son in Law to Conde sailed in Condes Bottom yet would meddle with all but favoured none save the strongest Party if they came to be low would slip his neck out of the Collar After the Kings death he had proposed to get all the strong Holds in Normandy under his Power especially Havre de Grace that so secured against the Normans secured against the King he might play Rex in that Port. Vendosme the natural Son of Henry IV. by Gabrielle d'Estres having his Estate consumed by so long adversities solaced his mind grown savage by such continued Exile either with the single remembrance of his former Fortune or with the hopes of a better nor did he plot any thing else but how by all possible means to repair the Breaches of his decayed Family The Duke de Mercoeur his eldest Son lived in quiet Beaufort his younger did upon his own head prepare himself a way to the prime Ministry for which attempt he afterwards was imprisoned besides that he had somewhat to ●o with Mombazon I am certainly informed that his late Majesty before his death did very particularly recommend these Youths to the Queen The Duke of Guise resembling his Ancestors in Courage and Gallantry with different success came not up but sacrificed his time in the Low-Countries upon courting and following his Amours to the expence of Reputation The two younger Brothers inherited the popularity inherent to their Ancestors At this juncture of Affairs the remaining Progeny of so many Heroes that heretofore durst try for the Kingdom by Arms now finds not place for so much as a wish pretending to nothing more at this time than a thing very easie to compass that is not to stir A Branch of the House of the Guises Elboeuf and Harcourt depressed in their Estates had no designs This latter a stout and daring Souldier afterwards tossed in variety of Fortunes about whom I shall have occasion hereafter to speak not a little Those of Nemours made French from a Savoy stock of a numerous male Line were but two left the Elder of which had a great spirit in a small body but his thred of life being soon cut off left his Brother Successor who held nothing of that famous House but their blameless manners Such were our Princes not any either willing or able to work an Alteration All of them subscribed to the present Government beating their heads about many things to no effect This is the Quality of the French especially Courtier to make much stir that presently vanishes in the air To bind one another in deceitful bonds afterwards to flye off and betray one another A Crafts Master will easily break through such Cobwels 4. Now the Parliament of Paris they do not dislike the present State This is a great Body compounded of divers Humors At a certain sum of money which is undecent they purchase this Degree For themselves and their Heirs Most of them live above their Estates and having wasted their means either by their Wives or their Childrens or their own prodigality long after a Change Their Office if the matter be lightly scann'd is to preserve every mans propriety to compose differences to mitigate the increase of Taxes and retrench ways of Oppression that have been invented more grievous than Taxes to encourage Trade above all to advance the Kings Honour to teach the people that by their own good example never to clash with nor dispute the Kings Commands but humbly petition him and hold

secret addresses the Queen others Monsieur others the Dauphin as the rising Sun Soublet a passionate man somewhat fierce professing the Jesuitical Position that vertue requires no other reward but that of a good conscience which sets a generous lustre upon actions under that veil disguised his ambition a man of blameless conversation for wisdom and judiciousness but indifferent having such an estate as he did not increase by any unworthy practices though he wanted not opportunities to have done it in that point highly to be commended that he made not use of them Greatly in Richlieu's favour for his observance and industry one that so respected his friends in prosperity as never to forsake them when they declined Leo Bouthillier had contracted pride from Richlieu whose support now failing he thought it more seasable to get into be the second than to aim at the prime Ministry Therefore did he put Mazarine forward but so as himself a while to pass for his equal not as acting under him afterwards would have supplanted him of which hereafter Mazarine whether by Fate or some peculiar Genius won upon Inferiors upon Equals upon Superiors by variety of applications He had a comely Personage but was most renowned for an acute and subtile wit for experience in business for vast designs and equal successes one who never gave Counsel or laid Plot that did not prove effectual To this was joyned such a discreetness of carriage that though he had got above many he was equally dear to all charming envy by an Art of conversation From these and such like qualities it was evident to such as can skill the Court that he was the one man that must shortly carry all before him Nor did it prove otherwise For being imployed in the managing our State and consequently almost all Europe he brought those Enterprises to pass which this day put the whole World in admiration His Majesty now wholly intending Peace had resolved to send Cardinal Mazarine his Commissioner to the Treaty of Munster whereof I shall speak afterwards but altering his mind thought it better to use him as his prime Minister Then first of all was Mazarine had in open Honour among us by being admitted to be God-father to the Dauphin whom he named Lewis that is now the Fourteenth who shall be the Theme and Subject of our Work About this time the King falls sick at S. Germains Prayers are made for his recovery The Princes the Nobility and Commons attend the Issue of his weakness He being sollicitous at the approach of death had many debates in his mind He thought it unsafe to trust the Queen with the Government Madam Cheureuse which was her great Confident then kept in Spain and secret Intelligence by Letters passing between them displeased his Majesty To Monsieur he was never truly reconciled Therefore it is resolved to commit the Government to neither but that ten Ministers be chosen to bridle both their powers At length His Majesties Will is made and sealed Each presently strive to insinuate themselves into the Queens favour by divers practices especially Noyer that assumed to himself the glory of making the Will He is supplanted by Chavigny quits the Court and asks leave to retire soon after pines and frets himself to death no Rules of Wisdom sufficing to still or sustain his Spirit Chavigny stayed behind but as a shadow or empty appearance of business Mazarine leaving no means unassay'd got the sole Management Which Prize having obtained after much deliberation having carefully weighed his own and his Competitors interests he let slip no kind of deference possible towards any either in publick or private All came in excepting the Bishop of Beauvais Beaufort and Madame Cheureuse now returned to the French Court that were afterwards turned all out of Favour having been the Contrivers of their own disgrace His Majesty sometimes a little cheered then anon spent when his death approached spoke to the Queen supported by her two Sons and the Nobles standing by him much to this purpose Seeing that decay of Nature doth now bring my life to an end I haste the few words that I am to speak will be the more sacred with you the nearer I am entring upon those places of which Divines speak such glorious things By this right hand which this day lays down the Scepter and transmits it to this your King pointing at his Son and Heir I advise and adjure you ever to pay him unspotted Loyalty Reverence him and do your diligence that such a prosperous State may not be impaired by my untimely death and his tender age I leave you a Kingdom firm and flourishing and unless it offer violence to it self by Civil dissensions that can never come to other ruine Not Armies nor Treasures are the Pillars of this Empire but Counsel and Concord More he said which having been then published I forbear to transcribe hither Looking upon Conde Your Son said he hath won a brave Battel Now the D. d'Enguien was General in the Borders of Champaigne and a little while after gave the Spaniard laying an untimely Siege to Rocroy a great Defeat and having raised the Siege and given them chase went far up into their Country and laid it waste This glimpse the King gave before he expired rather after a prophetical sort then that he was not perfect in his senses He earnestly advised Gaston Duke of Orleans to amend his life Turning to the Duke of Engoulesmes said that All things leaning only upon pleasure are but fading and repentance would follow speedily or more late Many other excellent sayings he uttered according to the Christian Doctrine of the Hope of a better life and such sweet Consolations of Mortality that is very loth to think of coming to an end which being so often thundered out in Pulpits I here wave No mortal man either ancient or late did so couragiously receive the assault of death At length May 15. 1643. he dyed an easie death Lamented by some of his intimate friends but worthy to have been followed with a larger mourning of all French-men had he chosen to act by himself what he could well have done rather than by Colleagues to whom he was all his life time obnoxious to his own and Countries great prejudice He was singularly courteous to all about him Free from pride yet retained Majesty and Gallantry of Spirit Moderate in pleasures entirely loving his Kingdom and had he been allowed a longer space of life would have proved the best of Kings Many observed that which perhaps is of no great importance that the same day he came to the Empire was the last of his life for his Father Henry was murdered on the very same day of May. 2. The Princes and Nobles came all up to Town and none made a greater shew of mourning than they that were most glad at it His Funerals were performed in such order as is proper for Kings and the exposing in State being over his

making haste 〈◊〉 midst things uncertain gape after the Present Ca●● at money upon all occasions so is Justice less observe● and offences they connive at for favour and f●● granting Indulgences The Barberini were entertained in France cou●teously Mazarine that had found them prou● helped them in distress But the Election of Panphilio did so displease him that having grievously censured Antonio Barberini for it out of discontent he fell dangerously sick so as to keep his Bed Wherupon many conceived greedy hopes especially Chavigny Some would obtrude upon the Queen Cardinal Grimaldi The Queen inclined to neither but waited how the Cardinal should do who recovering searched into the designs of his Rivals and kept them close in his memory especially for Chavigny whom for that time he always secretly undermined which when Chavigny perceived it was the occasion of putting him on to precipitate his Plots not fully ripe When the grave Brow of Innocent would not easily endure the presumptuous encroachments of the young Duke of Parma Arms are again taken up But the Forces of Parma were at the first Encounter totally cut off Their General Geoffray a French-man and Doctor of Physick who had insinuated into the late Prince Edwards favour it is uncertain by what practices the Incendiary of the division was put to death at Piacenza and made a State-sacrifice to repair the disgrace The Pacificator was the King of France by Bichi the Senese with Donghi a Genovese the Popes Commissioner for arbitrating the difference Which was Mazarines glory that the French Arms should triumph over Flanders Germany Catalaunia Turin and Piedmont as farther that the interposition of a King but six years old under the Guardianship of a foreign Woman should repress disquiets always working at home and prevail to establish Peace abroad France was if ever prudently governed yet those Secrets of State were taxed and carped at by the whispers and censures of men The truth it we are loth to be under Superiors and let one act never so well and faithfully to the Publick Interest yet this and that is condemned and there is ever somewhat which doth not please every body Thereupon were words thrown out amongst the Vulgar and i● Meetings But there is no more certain sign of Gallantry than to despise them when one is placed i● Power above the reach of Injury and in Glory above the Eclipse of Infamy Calmness of spirit becomes men in Authority and a patient bearing of reproaches is a great preservative of a Kingdoms Peace Mazarine that took satisfaction in repentance only never in punishment preferred and enriched those that had laid the greatest load of infamy upon him oftentimes using this language to the Queen Madam we have not time enough to busie our selves with these examinations if you once leave this door open you will have no other business and all mens quarrels under this colour will be made matter of information Enguien receiving the Command of Orleans and sent again into Flanders presentl● layes cloese Seige to Dunkirk Gassion and Rantzow being his Lieutenants Dunkirk heretofore a Town of Fishermen afterwards of Pirates having ever been an unsafe Road for Ships is become a most famous Harbour from whence Ancors are weighed for all parts of the World The terrour of the Sea moated on the one side by the Ocean on the other by a Moor renowned for Caesars Triumphs and proud of having been the place from whence he took Sh ipping when he went for Britain and at which he landed upon his return The Siege was obstinate by reason of the stout defence and strong situation all which the valour of Conde subdued The Government of the City after it was taken was committed to Rantzow which seemed impolitick Rantzow was by birth a Dane of the Country of Holstein of great personal valour and excellent conduct None could with more Eloquence advance his military Action But intemperate in drink thereupon desperate in fighting we have seen him cut all over no member without its wound When our State fell into Troubles afterwards the Danes faith faultred who was quietly conveyed out of Dunkirk and cast into prison a warning that strangers are not to be trusted Mary Gonzaga the eldest Daughter of Charles of Nevers after Duke of Mantua espoused to the King of Poland parts from the City and is conducted to her Husband through the Low-Countries and Germany in Royal State The King of Polands Ambassadors and their Followers in a long Train made a Cavaleade through Paris upon Horses with stately Trappings One might have seen the people running forth to gaze upon the Getes in Furs with Sable Caps as they passed along the crowded streets great matter for the discourse and vanity of Paris Charles Duke of Lorraine having more than once fallen from us and so often followed the Austrian Eagles and unhappy Standard at last left his Dukedom to our disposal when as Lorraine lying it seems near France was reduced into a Province but one fortified Town held out which was Motte● this must be reduced that nothing might remai● unsubdued This Charge after the untimely death● of Magalot was committed to the Marquess Villeroy that so he might grow into Reputation by such a Seige and acquire the Dignity of Mareschal the better to be qualified for the being the young Kings Governour The Prize was easie all hopes of succour being cut off from the Garrison of Motte About the expiring of the year 1646. Henry Bourbon Prince of Conde not yet sixty years old dyed an easie death Lamented by France in such a juncture of Affairs as one who by his Prudence and equal Justice did stay the State running into Confusions He was born at S. Egers in Xantoigne after his Fathers death who was poysoned by ill practices Henry IV. having no Issue had trained him up with all diligence as his future Heir having weaned his Spirit in his tender years from the new Religion which he had sucked in with his milk from his Father and Grandfather in hereditary descent He was so nurtured in the Catholick Rites that afterwards when he was grown up he affected the reputation of being a Capital Enemy to the Innovators in an empty ostentation which would have been useful as he conceived if occasion had served But this is always beneath a great Prince who ought not to love nor yet hate any such thing too much and whom a lofty and gallant Spirit becomes slighting matters of that nature His Marriage with Charlotte Mommorancy had almost been his ruine For to avoid the being rivalled by King Henry he fled into the Low-Countries for a Sanctuary of his Wives chastity From hence through Germany he travels to Millan with a small Retinue to Count Fuentes After that Henry was killed when the impious World did justly fear an eternal night Conde returning into France unhappily took the part of the Mutiners It is an ordinary practice in France thus to disturb the Minority of Kings by Rebellion