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A63101 A treatise of Nevv England published in anno Dom. 1637. And now reprinted. 1645 (1645) Wing T2092A; ESTC R220167 12,916 18

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inhabit but on the West side it is more ruste and hilly There is another Iland a league and a halfe from this Plantation that is more fertile than Manahatas which they called The States Iland fronting Southward upon the Bay at the East point thereof we enter first into Mauritius River being not above a Falcon shoot over where there might be a Fort made of such consequence that would secure the whole Plantation from any danger of an invasion This Iland is some 9. leagues about and the fittest place to be planted of any other neerer the Sea side by reason of the great quantity of arrable land there is in it as also of having Men at hand to resist the enterance of an Enemy into that River 17. Not long after their first comming into the land they sailed in a small Vessell 46 leagues up this River and finding there a far greater Trade than by the Sea coast planted another Colonie and erected a little work in forme of a Redoubt which they call Fort Aurania but for their better securing they have cast up since a high Trench about it where there is 7 or 8 pieces of Ordnance mounted The Banks of this River for divers leagues together thereabouts is an exceeding fat Soyle surpassing all that on the Sea coast insomuch that the Planters of Manahatas when they have wrought their Cattle so weake that they are not able long to labour do use to send them to Fort Aurania wherewith that rich feeding they recover their flesh and strength in a short time within a day and a halfe or two dayes journey at the furthest from this place is the Lake Hieroquoyis so famous for Beavers and Otters which maintaineth the greatest part of the Bever trade in the French Plantation at Quibec and also affordeth this Colonie more then they have in all their Factoris besides The Dutch mens aime is to get up and plant a Collony upon the Bank of this Lake where they might with ease ingrosse to themselves most of that great and rich Trade having a very advantagious helpe withall by their River to transport to and from the Sea side a great way though not up to it all provisions necessary for their use and trade which if they could but compasse would inable them in a short time but that only gaine to plant and fortifie that part of the Land which they now hold so strong that they might make a powerfull resistance against any forraigne invasion Part of the Dutch went from Manahatas foure yeares sithence and fettled another Plantation upon the River Conectecute which is held to be one of the best situations for Tillage in all the Country but some English who came from the Masachussets Bay planted above them upon the same River and do cut off their Trade for Beaver so that they have little else to make profit of but their Husbandrie 18. In the yeare 1630. they set up a Plantation on the South side of De-la-ware Bay and finding that soile very fertile intended to plant Tobacco which if it had taken effect would have much prejudiced the Virginians for the sale of that commodity in the Netherlands and many other places but the indiscretion of that Dutch Governour gave a wofull period to the Collony the manner I will relate to forewarne others from the like folly The custome of the Dutch when they take possession of any strange Land is to fasten upon a tree the Arms of their Country as they did in this place but a simple Indian passing by espied it and ignorant of what it meant took it off and caried it away which when the Governour understood was much incensed therewith holding it for a great affront insomuch that when the Princes and chiefe of them came first into the Quarter were laid hands on and examined upon his misdemeanour who pleaded they knew not of it nevertheles he threatned their lives in case they would not bring in the Malefactor to answer it and in the mean time detained them for Prisoners when the poor people saw themselves in that exigent got the Offender to come in thinking the contempt not to deserve death but when the simple people understood his danger they offered a great ransom for his life but nothing would nor did satisfie this austere Iudge but the poor Indians bloud when this was done the Salvages were discharged who masked their discontent under a faire shew of friendship frequented the Plantation as they had done with some trade or other but within a while after there came so many of them together that they cut all the Planters throats in an instant demolished their Fort and destroyed what else they had there so this Plantation continued not much above a yeare 19. This Nation have a trade in the South-River and the Naroganses Bay whence they get from the English in New Engl. and Virginia 6000. Beavers in a yeare and withall have lesser Boats that go into all the Creeks and Rivers between those two places where they glean all the trade of the Country Insomuch that I believe these people who are not above 700. in their severall plantations do make a greater benefit of the Beaver trade than all our English in New-England being 30000. They have made an experiment in Delaware Bay of Whale fishing but by reason of their slow preparation came not so soon as the season required neverthelesse they killed 2. or 3. and were confident of a great voyage had they come in time for they report that there is greater store of such fish than in Groinland But upon that massacre the Indians spoiled all their fishing craft that they never followed that imployment afterwards The Planters have built in Manahatas Iland many little Boats and Shallops with divers Ships from 70. to 200. Tuns and upwards and one of 700. Tuns which was fitted with as good Masts and Yards as any come from the East Country and they have Sailes Cables Cordage and all other requisites fit for their setting out for all other provision that belongeth to a Collony they are generally better stockt than any other Plantation in that Country and have thriven beyond them therewith I can say little of the Indians but that they are very subtil and ingenious seldome or never seen upon any occasion to expresse much joy or sorrow the more Eastward you go into New Engl. the fewer and more effeminat they are as on the other side the more Westward the more populous masculine and marshall yet it was never known that any of them assaulted a Planter upon equall tearms but wait for a treacherous opportunity and then make use of their advantage 20. I should advise those that would undertake to plant new Collonies remote from others to build their houses so neere that upon all occasions they may be able to second one another and for their better securing to keepe in each house a good Mastiffe Dog which may give notice of an approaching danger which otherwise would not bee discovered and with all are far more terrible to the Indians then either Gun or Sword also I would wish all such Planters to entreat the Salvages fairly and by no meanes to wrong them for if they be once justly exasperated they will be found implacable and will never leave travailing of a reveng until they bring it to execution Therefore if any one be guilty in that kind let all the Plantation stand upon their guard and expect no better favour then the Dutch received upon De-la-war Bay For the use of Fowling pieces I hould them very necessary to shoot at Deere and Land-fowle for the Deere will be lesse affrighted with the fall of one that way then with hunting or coursing at the Herd and for Land-fowle the ground is so rough that there is no other means to come by them But for Sea foule though much shooting cannot beat them off the Coast yet they will grow so cunning and fearefull that a man may walk two or 3. houres before he can come to a shoot so the best course is to get into each Plantation a good Fowler that knowes how to lay Nets and other devices to catch them who by that means will be better able to furnish the Planters by his owne labour then they will with forty Gunnes There must be a good circumspection used in civilizing of the Salvages otherwise what will prove their best good may happen the Planters greatest prejudice for the meaner sort of them they may be trained up any where without any danger and there bringing up to arts and labour will prove an assisting help to the Planters But for the Princes and chiefe of the Country the surest course to prevent trouble and danger is to send them so far from the places where they were borne that they may not know what they were or whence they came otherwise by better understanding what right Princes have above private men to a Country and having some of the Natives skilled in the Arts and Occupations of the Planters will peradventure thinke themselves fit and able to reduce the Land people to what wee intended and seeke either by their treacheries strength or the ayd of other neighbouring Princes to extirpate the Plantations and reinvest themselves in the possession of their ancient Inheritance which though happily they cannot effect would distract and disturbe the Peace of that COUNTRIE * ⁎ * FINIS