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A41236 Festa Anglo-Romana, or, The feasts of the English and Roman church, with their fasts and vigils being an exact and concise accompt of their various etymologies and appellations, with the reasons and grounds of their celebration : together with a succinct discourse of several other grand days in the universities, Inns of courts, and the collar and offering days at White-Hall, tending, to the instruction of all persons in all capacities, and the dilucidation of several seeming difficulties in the ancient, as well as modern English and Roman calendar / by a true son of the Church of England. True son of the Church of England. 1678 (1678) Wing F821; ESTC R7435 34,996 146

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in Honour of those Chains wherewith Herod caused St. Peter at Jerusalem to be bound from which he was disengaged by the Angel of God Acts the 12th by the sole Touch whereof not only the fore-mentioned but many other Miracles were wrought nay some of that Church are so superstitiously Credulous as to believe their Miraculous joyning together many years after into one intire Chain with those Iron Fetters wherewith the Holy Apostle was loaden when he was Imprisoned at Rome August the 5th in some of our ancient Calendars is known by the name of Gowrie's Conspiracy and tho now omitted the reason thereof you shall soon understand yet it was kept very devoutly in the Reign of King James as a Day of Thanksgiving to the Almighty for his Deliverance from the Treacherous Conspiracy of the Gowries in Scotland The Story runs thus as Baker relates it in his Chronicle p. 382. out of which take this Abstract The Earls Gowry Marre Lindsey and others Invited the King to the Castle of Reuthen in the absence of the Earl of Arran and Lenox and there detain'd him not permitting him to walk abroad all his Trusty Servants they remov'd from him and Compel'd the King by Letters to Queen Elizabeth to approve and allow of this his Thraldom After his Mother Queen Mary had sent to Queen Elizabeth complaining of the Usage of her Son he himself sent Colonel William Steward and John Colvill to the Queen of England and after the Death of Lenox in France the Surprizers being lifted up in their Conceits thinking they had him safe enough he on a sudden tho scarce 18 years of age with some few others convey'd himself to the Castle of St. Andrews to whom the Nobility Repair'd with Armed Bands fearing some danger might befall him afterward with fair words he advised some of his Surprizers to go from Court to avoid Tumult promising them Pardon if they would crave it but Gowry only asked Pardon and submitted himself using this Distinction that he had not offended in Matter but in Form and farther Baker saith p. 384. that Gowry was tried by his Peers at Sterling Anno 1600. where being accus'd of many Treasons tho he gave colourable Answers to them all yet was found Guilty Condemn'd and Beheaded whose Head his Servants sewing to the Body committed to the Grave Baker farther saith p. 428. At this time Anno 1603. the King forgat not a Deliverance he formerly had which tho it were in Scotland yet he would have notice taken of it in England which was this his Deliverance from the Conspiracy of the Gowries on the 5th of August 1600. three years before and thereupon Friday being the 5th day was by Commandment appointed to be Holy-Day with Morning-Prayer Sermon and Evening-Prayer read with Bonefires at Night which was then and after during his Life solemnly observ'd August the 6th is the Transfiguration from Transfiguro Lat. to change shape a Feast Celebrated by the Papists in Memory of our Saviour's Transfiguring himself upon Mount Thabor and shewing a Glimpse of his Glory to his Apostles St. Peter St. James and St. John And his Face saith the Text shone as the Sun and his Garment became white as Snow Matth. 17.2 and in them also unto us for our encouragement to Vertue Perseverance in Faith and mutual Love one toward another St. Laurence The 10th of this Month is a Day Dedicated to St. Laurence Lat. flourishing like a Bay-Tree the same as Daphnis in Greek who was Deacon to Pope Xistus then sitting in the Chair at Rome a very Zealous Person according to Tradition for the Catholick Cause who thereupon in the Primitive times was by the Cruel and Barbarous Pagans most inhumanely Broyled on a Gridiron for the Faith of Christ which Martyrdom he suffered with undaunted and matchless Fortitude This is in the Roman but not in our Rubrick The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary The 15th of this Month is The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary the Mother of the Holy Jesus so call'd from Assumo Lat. to assume or take up 't is observ'd in Memory of her being Assum'd or taken up as the Papists confidently maintain into Heaven both Soul and Body after her Dormition or Dissolution and this is a constant Tradition of their Church This is also in the Roman not in our Rubrick St. Bartholomew The next is the Festival of St. Bartholomew solemnized on the 24th of August The Name is Chaldee and signifies the Son of him that makes the water ascend He was Nephew as some maintain and Heir to a King of Syria yet both an Apostle and Martyr He Preached the Glad Tidings of the Gospel to the Indians where he by the Command of Polemius King of India was sorely beaten with Cudgels the first day the next Crucified and Excoriated or flean alive while he was fastned on the Cross and finally still breathing and alive Beheaded in the year of our Lord 51. For this Reason it was named Duplex Festum some observing the 25th as we the 24th of August Here was a Complication of Punishments for no Crime at all This is one of His Majestie 's Collar-Days without Offering The 29th is the Decollation of St. John Baptist Beheaded by Herod at the request of Herodias which we have praementioned in the Festival of St. John Baptist Septemb. the 2d On this day hapned that Dreadful Conflagration of the City of London about one of the Clock in the Morning Anno 1666. beginning at the House of one Mr. Farryner a Baker in Pudding-Lane near New Fish-Street which consumed in four days time the greatest part of this Flourishing Metropolis 'T is supposed to be fired by one Robert Hubert of Roan in Normandy with one Peidloe the chief there being in all 23 Complices as he confessed for which he was hang'd at Tyburn and dyed a Roman Catholick Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary The 8th of this Month is the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Heb. Exalted or from Marah as some conceive i. e. Bitterness which is a Festival observ'd by our Holy Mother the Church in Commemoration of her Happy and Glorious Birth who brought into the World the Author of all Life and Salvation our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Holy-tood-Day or Holy-Cross The 14th is the other Holy-rood-Day or Holy-Cross the Invention of the Cross being on the 3d of May which we have given you an account of 't is call'd Holy Cross or the Exaltation of the Cross in Memory of the Exaltation or setting up the Holy Cross which was found by St. Helen as we have already acquainted you by Heraclius the Emperor who having regained it a second time from the Persians after it had been given over for lost the space of 14 years carried it on his shoulders to Mount Calvarie and there Exalted it with more than ordinary Solemnity Then follows the Ember-Week according to the Rule before laid down Post Cineres c. this being the
Quasimodogeniti from the entrance in the 1 Peter 2.2 Quasimodogeniti Infantes Rationabiles sine dolore lac concupiscite St. George April the 23th is the Day Dedicated to the Memory of St. George the Martyr of Cappadocia and is honoured by the Georgians the Inhabitants of a Country call'd Georgia situated between Colchos Caucasus the Caspian-Sea and Armenia heretofore Iberia and Albania they do highly reverence and honour this Saint He also is our Patron and the same Person that the Knights of the Garter have formerly so much honoured they being alwayes on that day only Install'd at Windsor This is one of his Majesties Collar-days without Offering at White-Hall St. Mark The 25th of this Month is St. Mark 's Day A Feast in Honour of the Evangelist who wrote the Life Acts Miracles Death and Resurrection of our Saviour Christ He was the first Prelate of Alexandria where he Taught the Gospel and also all over the adjacent Regions from the Country of Aegypt to Pentapolis He was Martyr'd at Alexandria in the time of the Tyrant Trajan which was thus executed They fastned a Cable-Rope about his Neck wherewith they dragg'd him from the place call'd Bucolus to another term'd Angels where the raging Idolaters burned him to ashes against whom he preached Anno Domini 63. and was Interred at Bucolus praemention'd This is one of his Majesties Collar-dayes without offering Misericordia The second Sunday after Easter is term'd Misericordia from the Entrance of the fifth Verse of the 32 Psalm Misericordia Domini plena est Terra c. Philip and Iacob May-Day or St. Philip and St. James vulgarly but falsly call'd Philip and Jacob Philip is a Greek word and signifies a Lover of Horses Jacob Hebr. a Supplanter May-day 't is call'd because the first of May a day of Mirth and Jollity among the Common Herd and Philip and James because dedicated to the two Apostles and Martyrs of that name The former of the City of Bethsaida who preached in Phrygia and Converted the Eunuch Candaules It is affirm'd by some Authors that he sent 12 Disciples into our Country of Britain to work the Conversion of them In conclusion the Pagans seized him and put him to the Ignominious death of his Lord and Master at the City Hierapolis about the Year of our Lord 53. The later viz. St. James the Lesser James is a Name wrested from Jacob was Son to Alphaeus and Pen-man of that Excellent Epistle which goes under his Name for his Wisdome and Piety sirnamed the Just He was created Bishop of Jerusalem after the Ascension and Governed that Church 30 years compleat where he was most Inhumanely first stoned and afterward being placed on the Top of a Pinacle of the Temple precipitated from thence and being half dead and his Thighes broken and lifting up his hands to Heaven he was knock'd on the head with a great Fuller's Club this Bloody Butchery was Executed on this Saint in the Seventh Year of the Sanguinary Emperour Nero. This is also one of his Majestie 's Collar-days without Offering Holy Cross or Holy-Rood-day May the 3d is Inventio Crucis i. e. the Invention of the Holy-Cross or Holy-Rood-day and is in the Roman tho not in our Rubrick of which there are two call'd Holy-Rood-dayes viz. this being on the 3d. of May and the Exaltation of the Cross on the 14th of September 'T is a Feast in Commemoration as the Romanists believe of the Miraculous and Wonderful Invention or finding out the Holy Cross on which the Blessed Jesus suffered by St. Helen the Mother of Constantine the Great after it had been conceal'd and buried in the Earth by the Painims the space of 180 years in place whereof they had erected a Statue to their wanton Deity Venus 'T is called Holy-Rood-Day and Holy Cross because of the great Sanctity it receiv'd by touching and bearing the Oblation of the most precious Body of Christ and Rood is an old Saxon word signifying a Cross or the Image of Christ on the Cross being compos'd generally of Wood and erected in a Loft for that purpose just over the passage of the Church into the Chancel Fuller The third Sunday after Easter as it falls in course here is styl'd Jubilate from the beginning of Psalm the 65. Jubilate Deo omnis Terra c. The fourth Sunday Cantate from the entrance of the 98th Psalm Cantate Domino Cantieum Novum c. May the 14th our most Gracious and Soveraign Princess Donna Catarina Landed at Portsmouth in order to the confirmation of her solemn Nuptials with His Majesty our Dread Soveraign Charles the Second whom God long preserve in health and happiness Rogation-Sunday Next follows Rogation-Sunday the fifth Sunday after Easter the Week following is call'd Rogation-Week or Vocem Jucunditatis the Institution or Restauration whereof is by Historians attributed to Claudius Mamertus or Mamercus Bishop of Vienne in France Anno Dom. 452. or as some say 466. being the fifth Sunday after Easter from the like entrance Vocem Jucunditatis annunciate audiatur c. and Rogation Sunday or Week which is always the next but one before Whitsunday à Rogando Deum as being once tho we cannot affirm that now Consecrated above all other Weeks of the year in an extraordinary manner unto Prayers Litanies and Supplications and are still enjoyn'd by the Church to all persons among the Roman Catholicks on Monday Tuesday and Wednesday with Abstinence from flesh for these Reasons First for a Devout Preparative to the Feast of Christ's most glorious Ascension and Pentecost which is shortly after 2. Because the fruits of the Earth are tender and in danger being in the Blossom 3. For that much about this time of the year Monarchs and Potentates begin to undertake their Wars upon both which Considerations all Good and Pious Christians have great Reason to be frequent with God in Rogations and Prayers at this time particularly and for this cause it is that the Solemnization of Matrimony is prohibited by the Holy Church from the first day in this Week until Trinity Sunday following The Belgians or Dutch-men call it Cruys-Week that is Cross-week and so 't is also nam'd in some Parts of England because the Priest on these days goes in Procession with the Cross before him In the old Saxon 't is nam'd Gangdagas i. e. Dayes of Walking or Perambulation In the North of England Gang-week from the ganging or going in Procession for Gang there as well as in the Saxon signifies to go from an Antient and Commendable Custome tho discontinued in the time of the late Unnatural Rebellion to make Perambulations and Processions with the Young Children in every Parish and Township with us to view and understand the Ancient Limits and Boundaries of every Parish to prevent all manner of Incroachments Contentions and Suits at Law In the Inns of Court 't is known by the name of Grass-week because the Students Commons on some days that Week consist much of Salads