name_v st._n john_n and_o st._n mark_n 4._o cracovia_n in_o lesser_n poland_n once_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a_o wealthy_a and_o well-peopled_n city_n site_v likewise_o upon_o the_o weysel_n in_o it_o be_v remarkable_a a_o academy_n of_o great_a renown_n found_v by_o king_n casimir_n the_o first_o and_o supply_v at_o first_o with_o professor_n from_o the_o sorbonne_n of_o paris_n 2._o the_o castle_n build_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o a_o great_a compass_n and_o of_o great_a state_n and_o magnificence_n although_o outward_o it_o appear_v rough_a and_o disproportion_v the_o cathedral_n be_v enclose_v within_o it_o this_o city_n by_o way_n of_o excellence_n be_v call_v the_o rome_n of_o poland_n and_o its_o university_n the_o daughter_n of_o that_o at_o paris_n the_o city_n of_o casimir_n be_v build_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n and_o will_v hardly_o forget_v the_o swedish_n arms._n the_o jew_n city_n which_o be_v neighbour_n to_o it_o may_v for_o honour_n sake_n be_v call_v the_o principal_a and_o first_o street_n of_o hell_n it_o be_v so_o filthy_a etc._n etc._n not_o to_o mention_v vilna_n in_o lithuania_n and_o koningburgh_n in_o prussia_n both_o university_n dantzick_n and_o cracow_n make_v up_o four_o in_o this_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o other_o town_n as_o grandentz_n newamburg_n culmen_fw-la and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v mere_a name_n of_o city_n and_o nothing_o else_o pauperum_fw-la tabernae_n quatuor_fw-la aut_fw-la septem_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la latissima_fw-la villa_n seven_o or_o eight_o house_n make_v a_o large_a town_n as_o to_o the_o people_n and_o their_o manner_n the_o gentleman_n be_v extraordinary_a large_a and_o strong_a of_o body_n and_o will_v skilful_o manage_v a_o shabel_n or_o scymiter_n be_v well_o skilled_a in_o foreign_a language_n be_v liberal_a giver_n good_a cavalier_n and_o good_a catholic_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o medal_n they_o be_v much_o brutal_n superstitious_a fierce_a and_o proud_a and_o sacrifice_n to_o their_o own_o approbation_n of_o thing_n and_o acknowledge_v no_o sovereign_n but_o their_o liberty_n from_o whence_o have_v proceed_v those_o mischief_n which_o they_o have_v often_o suffer_v more_o mediate_o from_o the_o tartar_n and_o muscovite_n and_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n bring_v they_o to_o the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o extremity_n follow_v with_o no_o more_o than_o 40._o thousand_o man_n when_o as_o the_o pole_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v a_o 100000._o horse_n into_o the_o field_n this_o happen_v by_o that_o small_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o be_v allow_v the_o king_n and_o that_o little_a good_a intelligence_n that_o be_v maintain_v between_o their_o general_n and_o the_o division_n and_o revolt_n of_o their_o troop_n a_o apprentice_n a_o novice_n will_v be_v think_v a_o master_n and_o a_o simple_a gentleman_n who_o never_o see_v a_o battle_n prerogative_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n chief_a prerogative_n but_o in_o picture_n will_v not_o want_v of_o confidence_n and_o presumption_n to_o believe_v of_o himself_o because_o he_o be_v bear_v a_o gentleman_n that_o he_o be_v able_a at_o the_o first_o essay_n to_o manage_v and_o conduct_v the_o force_n of_o a_o empire_n and_o in_o effect_n private_a gentleman_n be_v so_o frequent_o raise_v to_o place_n of_o the_o great_a office_n and_o command_n which_o be_v the_o fair_a flower_n of_o this_o king_n prerogative_n and_o be_v legal_o vest_v in_o he_o as_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n that_o every_o man_n think_v himself_o of_o merit_n and_o capacity_n enough_o for_o the_o great_a employment_n beside_o they_o hold_v themselves_o all_o equal_a in_o blood_n and_o have_v the_o same_o voice_n in_o their_o diet_n and_o assembly_n the_o same_o privilege_n right_n and_o franchise_n their_o riches_n only_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o the_o other_o these_o gentleman_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n which_o they_o do_v general_o on_o horseback_n gallant_o furnish_v and_o attire_v in_o cassock_n and_o garnish_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o variety_n of_o other_o colour_n they_o also_o adorn_v themselves_o with_o eagle_n plume_n the_o skin_n of_o leopard_n and_o bear_n with_o many_o banner_n and_o particoloured_a ensign_n which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n and_o strike_v terror_n but_o sometime_o covetous_a desire_n into_o their_o enemy_n and_o most_o a_o end_n they_o carry_v like_o the_o philosopher_n all_o they_o have_v about_o they_o it_o be_v reckon_v that_o poland_n after_o this_o manner_n can_v raise_v a_o 100_o lithuania_n 70._o thousand_o horse_n but_o not_o so_o good_a as_o the_o pole_n who_o best_o be_v very_o small_a yet_o nimble_a and_o far_o more_o courageous_a than_o the_o dutch._n in_o this_o cavalry_n consist_v of_o gentleman_n and_o their_o servant_n with_o their_o auxiliary_n as_o the_o circassion_n the_o cossack_n they_o be_v so_o confident_a that_o they_o slight_v all_o fortification_n unless_o frontier_n and_o for_o the_o country_n be_v all_o champion_n be_v most_o and_o only_o fit_a for_o that_o service_n the_o foot_n they_o have_v be_v borrow_v of_o the_o hungarian_n and_o german_n and_o for_o camp_n drudgery_n as_o pioner_n etc._n etc._n they_o use_v tartar_n their_o slave_n of_o priest_n there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o this_o country_n and_o they_o hold_v in_o good_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n of_o merchant_n there_o be_v very_o few_o scarce_o worth_a mention_v but_o of_o all_o man_n the_o boor_n and_o peasant_n be_v the_o most_o miserable_a for_o they_o possess_v nor_o enjoy_v a_o farthing_n and_o be_v mere_a vassal_n to_o their_o lord_n which_o treat_v and_o use_v they_o with_o all_o the_o rigour_n and_o tyranny_n in_o the_o world_n a_o gentleman_n in_o a_o slight_a matter_n among_o his_o domestics_n and_o clown_n have_v and_o do_v exercise_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o government_n represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o monarchy_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o medium_n betwixt_o both_o or_o both_o together_o it_o be_v monarchical_a in_o that_o it_o acknowledge_v one_o supremacy_n and_o king_n it_o be_v aristocratical_a because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o absolute_a prince_n to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o because_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v also_o the_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n do_v elect_a he_o they_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o statute_n nor_o form_n of_o government_n write_v but_o it_o be_v all_o by_o tradition_n as_o by_o mere_a custom_n from_o the_o death_n of_o one_o prince_n to_o the_o election_n of_o another_o the_o supreme_a authority_n reside_v in_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gesne_n who_o be_v always_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n appoint_v the_o diet_n rule_v the_o senate_n and_o proclaim_v the_o new_a elect_v king_n before_o king_n stephen_n time_n who_o erect_v new_a bishop_n palatine_n and_o castellanes_n in_o livonia_n there_o be_v but_o 14._o bishop_n 28._o palatine_n and_o 70._o of_o the_o chief_a castellane_n that_o have_v voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n who_o be_v rector_n senatus_n sed_fw-la regnantis_fw-la ruler_n of_o a_o reign_a senate_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o comport_v with_o they_o in_o these_o thing_n follow_v in_o any_o affair_n of_o importance_n the_o king_n by_o his_o chancellor_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n which_o be_v call_v instruction_n be_v literae_fw-la letter_n of_o instruction_n because_o they_o contain_v the_o account_n of_o that_o business_n which_o his_o majesty_n will_v propose_v to_o they_o at_o the_o diet_n and_o therein_o appoint_v they_o the_o time_n of_o their_o meeting_n these_o letter_n be_v receive_v every_o senator_n examine_v the_o particular_a quality_n nature_n and_o consequence_n of_o the_o proposition_n to_o which_o he_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o answer_v negative_o or_o affirmative_o and_o as_o he_o judge_v best_o either_o for_o the_o public_a good_a or_o his_o particular_a advantage_n the_o king_n also_o send_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o respective_a palatinate_n the_o nobility_n whereof_o present_o assemble_v together_o to_o choose_v a_o nuncio_n as_o they_o call_v it_o that_o be_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o sufficiency_n to_o be_v their_o speaker_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o palatinate_n be_v to_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o universal_a consent_n and_o accommodation_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o any_o single_a gentleman_n shall_v dissent_v from_o what_o this_o assembly_n have_v conclude_v there_o be_v no_o further_o proceed_v to_o be_v have_v the_o nuncio_n must_v not_o depart_v to_o the_o diet_n nor_o that_o province_n have_v any_o voice_n or_o interest_n among_o the_o state_n general_n when_o the_o provincial_a assembly_n be_v finish_v by_o the_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n the_o senator_n and_o the_o nunioes_n come_v
as_o the_o king_n be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n rhine_n he_o be_v also_o a_o prince_n and_o member_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o rhine_n make_v so_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a treaty_n at_o munster_n he_o be_v oblige_v and_o have_v according_o send_v away_o his_o aide_n into_o hungary_n but_o so_o unwelcome_a be_v the_o nation_n to_o the_o german_n that_o they_o have_v like_a to_o have_v be_v engage_v and_o set_v upon_o in_o their_o passage_n near_o erford_n by_o those_o who_o they_o come_v to_o assist_v so_o that_o they_o have_v little_a encouragement_n to_o that_o service_n beside_o he_o be_v in_o league_n or_o some_o rude_a manner_n of_o friendship_n with_o the_o tartar_n who_o merit_v of_o he_o well_o in_o the_o polish_v war_n and_o he_o himself_o be_v so_o great_a a_o invader_n and_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n that_o religion_n or_o its_o interest_n weigh_v little_a with_o he_o however_o our_o puritan_n cry_v up_o the_o great_a gustavus_n for_o a_o zealot_n all_o therefore_o that_o will_v be_v do_v by_o he_o in_o this_o affair_n will_v be_v more_o out_o of_o necessity_n and_o the_o law_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o example_n of_o other_o prince_n than_o his_o own_o choice_n and_o generosity_n and_o so_o we_o pass_v to_o his_o neighbour_n the_o dane_n denmark_n denmark_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o the_o baltique_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o norwey_n bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n with_o the_o german_a and_o freeze_a sea_n and_o sweden_n and_o on_o the_o west_n the_o say_a german_a ocean_n the_o entire_a body_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v make_v up_o principal_o in_o form_n of_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v the_o realm_n of_o denmark_n contain_v both_o the_o jutlands_n part_n of_o scandia_n adjoin_v upon_o the_o swede_n country_n as_o halland_n and_o schonen_fw-mi which_o be_v now_o in_o the_o swede_n possession_n and_o the_o island_n of_o the_o baltique_a sea_n 2._o norwey_n to_o which_o must_v be_v add_v the_o island_n of_o iceland_n and_o freezeland_n in_o the_o northern_a ocean_n where_o such_o abundance_n of_o cod_n be_v take_v by_o the_o dutch_a the_o dane_n and_o we_o of_o large_a extent_n but_o of_o little_a benefit_n to_o this_o crown_n 3._o the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n contain_v 4._o province_n but_o now_o exempt_a from_o the_o kingdom_n and_o other_o jurisdiction_n add_v to_o the_o say_a dukedom_n which_o be_v likewise_o alien_v from_o denmark_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n lie_v partly_o in_o the_o cimbrick_n chersoness_n adjoin_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n as_o both_o the_o jutlands_n out_o of_o which_o some_o part_n be_v new_o borrow_v to_o add_v to_o the_o say_a duchy_n divide_v into_o several_a district_n and_o partly_o in_o scandia_n but_o principal_o in_o the_o island_n as_o for_o the_o duchy_n of_o holstein_n it_o have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v unfortunate_a to_o the_o dane_n be_v overrun_v by_o the_o imperialist_n in_o 1628._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o christiern_n the_o four_o but_o honest_o restore_v by_o the_o emperor_n upon_o easy_a condition_n then_o it_o be_v harrass_v by_o the_o swede_n in_o 1643._o and_o 4._o and_o now_o final_o free_v by_o they_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n only_o the_o best_a part_n of_o jutland_n remain_v in_o its_o pristine_a obedience_n in_o scandia_n schonen_fw-mi being_n go_v halland_n and_o bleck_v be_v all_o he_o hold_v there_o and_o indeed_o they_o be_v fine_a province_n but_o the_o unkind_a separation_n of_o their_o sister_n of_o schonen_fw-mi which_o signify_v beautiful_a render_v they_o a_o little_a unpleasant_a to_o the_o king_n view_n and_o prospect_n so_o that_o his_o chief_a strength_n of_o his_o dominion_n lie_v in_o the_o island_n in_o number_n 35._o two_o of_o which_o zealand_n and_o fuenen_n or_o fionia_n be_v most_o considerable_a and_o make_v more_o eminent_o famous_a by_o the_o late_a swedish_n war_n the_o latter_a for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n over_o to_o it_o upon_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o ice_n with_o horse_n foot_n and_o his_o great_a artillery_n with_o the_o loss_n only_o of_o two_o troop_n and_o the_o defeat_n of_o his_o force_n there_o afterward_o by_o the_o confaederate_a army_n the_o other_o for_o the_o castle_n of_o cronenburg_n that_o guard_v the_o sound_n and_o copenhagen_n the_o royal_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o which_o for_o almost_o two_o year_n space_n withstand_v a_o most_o perilous_a siege_n and_o final_o beat_v off_o the_o swede_n with_o great_a loss_n and_o thereby_o overthrow_v all_o their_o design_n which_o prove_v in_o effect_n the_o death_n of_o that_o king_n it_o be_v a_o low_a town_n ordinary_o build_v and_o have_v nothing_o of_o magnificence_n in_o it_o but_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o king_n palace_n be_v no_o extraordinary_a building_n save_v that_o its_o cover_a with_o copper_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v separate_v from_o lapland_n by_o high_a and_o craggy_a rock_n and_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a part_n be_v hard_a to_o travel_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o land_n be_v not_o very_o fruitful_a of_o corn_n and_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o mean_a sort_n eat_v stockfish_n which_o transport_v into_o other_o part_n be_v exchange_v for_o corn._n the_o inhabitant_n be_v natural_o honest_a and_o not_o a_o thief_n among_o they_o and_o very_o civil_a to_o stranger_n and_o former_o very_o martial_a for_o these_o people_n be_v first_o call_v norman_n and_o be_v ancestor_n to_o our_o conqueror_n but_o such_o be_v the_o hard_a condition_n under_o which_o they_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o dane_n though_o in_o appearance_n fellow_n subject_n ever_o since_o the_o union_n of_o the_o two_o kingdom_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o aquinus_n in_o 1359._o with_o margaret_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o waldemar_n the_o 3d._n of_o denmark_n the_o issue_n of_o which_o marriage_n die_v and_o leave_v this_o kingdom_n to_o the_o usurpation_n of_o his_o mother_n margaret_n who_o successor_n have_v continue_v it_o to_o this_o day_n that_o the_o norwegian_n have_v whole_o lose_v their_o courage_n and_o former_a valour_n not_o be_v suffer_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o traffic_v their_o own_o commodity_n which_o beside_o fish_n be_v rich_a fur_n tallow_n butter_n tan_a leather_n train_n oil_n pitch_n clap-board_n mast_n deal-board_n and_o firewood_n from_o the_o custom_n whereof_o arise_v the_o king_n great_a profit_n be_v receive_v for_o he_o at_o bergen_n and_o wardhouse_n but_o this_o revenue_n be_v very_o inconsiderable_a the_o whole_a realm_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o lieutenancy_n or_o government_n which_o in_o this_o uncultivated_a remote_a country_n will_v not_o concern_v we_o in_o any_o particular_n no_o more_o than_o the_o appendixed_a island_n above_o mention_v have_v thus_o summary_o discourse_v of_o the_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n we_o will_v brief_o mention_v the_o government_n which_o have_v be_v place_v in_o a_o haereditary_a monarchy_n from_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o estate_n be_v challenge_v as_o elective_a by_o the_o usurp_v power_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n by_o their_o depose_v of_o ericus_n about_o 1420._o and_o elect_v his_o cousin_n christopher_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n they_o again_o choose_v adolph_n duke_n of_o holstein_n who_o excuse_v himself_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o age_n by_o his_o advice_n they_o choose_v his_o nephew_n christiern_n earl_n of_o oldenburg_n who_o bring_v both_o those_o estate_n to_o this_o crown_n since_o when_o they_o continue_v the_o fashion_n of_o a_o election_n but_o never_o pass_v by_o the_o next_o heir_n until_o the_o year_n 1660._o when_o in_o consideration_n of_o this_o king_n extraordinary_a care_n valour_n and_o vigilance_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o people_n against_o the_o swede_n they_o resolve_v to_o restore_v what_o they_o have_v so_o long_o detain_v by_o return_v the_o government_n into_o the_o old_a channel_n and_o make_v it_o again_o haereditary_a in_o the_o family_n of_o this_o prince_n although_o with_o much_o reluctancy_n and_o discontent_n of_o many_o of_o the_o grandee_n by_o which_o change_n so_o late_o make_v there_o can_v no_o perfect_a account_n be_v give_v of_o the_o present_a administration_n be_v sole_o at_o the_o king_n disposal_n as_o it_o be_v with_o other_o absolute_a monarch_n as_o to_o the_o noble_n they_o be_v repute_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o europe_n and_o the_o gentry_n the_o like_a and_o to_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v that_o honourable_a esteem_n they_o never_o match_v into_o plebeian_n family_n but_o keep_v their_o blood_n unmixed_a and_o pure_a in_o its_o first_o current_n the_o gentry_n be_v neither_o so_o fierce_a nor_o so_o subtle_a as_o their_o neighbour_n and_o be_v very_o generous_a
war_n with_o foreign_a prince_n and_o state_n and_o these_o raise_v money_n and_o impose_v tax_n and_o take_v the_o care_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o wellbeing_a of_o the_o public_a in_o this_o assembly_n one_o of_o the_o assessor_n or_o pensionary_a counselor_n open_v the_o matter_n or_o affair_n in_o a_o proportion_n which_o the_o deputy_n receive_v but_o give_v no_o answer_n till_o they_o have_v receive_v one_o from_o the_o provincial_a council_n who_o likewise_o must_v be_v resolve_v by_o the_o respective_a city_n which_o make_v state_n business_n very_o tedious_a but_o that_o be_v recompense_v by_o a_o good_a digestion_n and_o mature_a deliberation_n so_o that_o the_o sovereignty_n reside_v not_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n general_n although_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v all_o the_o power_n but_o in_o the_o estate_n of_o every_o province_n and_o the_o council_n of_o the_o city_n in_o effect_n the_o city_n frame_v their_o particular_a law_n and_o do_v their_o own_o 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both_o by_o private_a man_n and_o public_a commission_n have_v make_v it_o too_o notorious_a and_o this_o kingdom_n chief_o feel_v the_o mischief_n thereof_o and_o here_o be_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o those_o encroachment_n both_o upon_o our_o fish_n at_o home_n and_o our_o traffic_n abroad_o especial_o in_o the_o east-indies_n where_o they_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n engross_v all_o the_o trade_n not_o to_o mention_v their_o attempt_n upon_o guinea_n and_o their_o insolence_n commit_v there_o by_o which_o mean_n in_o a_o few_o year_n if_o uninterrupted_n they_o will_v gain_v all_o the_o wealth_n in_o the_o world_n into_o their_o hand_n which_o that_o they_o drive_v at_o be_v apparent_a by_o those_o vast_a fleet_n they_o have_v for_o a_o good_a while_n maintain_v in_o those_o indian_a sea_n and_o those_o acquist_n they_o have_v make_v by_o land_n there_o also_o so_o that_o they_o be_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o those_o part_n and_o it_o be_v very_o credible_a that_o 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advantage_n to_o himself_o and_o family_n as_o well_o as_o the_o state_n it_o take_v effect_v since_o which_o they_o concern_v themselves_o that_o neither_o the_o french_a nor_o the_o spaniard_n grow_v too_o potent_a in_o the_o low_a country_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n maintain_v a_o good_a correspondence_n with_o their_o new_a reconcile_a enemy_n supply_v he_o with_o money_n in_o his_o distress_n upon_o security_n of_o his_o plate_n fleet_n in_o which_o they_o have_v deep_o interest_v themselves_o who_o likewise_o omit_v no_o courtship_n nor_o civility_n to_o oblige_v they_o to_o his_o side_n be_v thus_o absolute_a and_o look_v upon_o as_o one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a member_n of_o christendom_n their_o ambition_n and_o arrogance_n transport_v they_o to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o new_a usurp_a state_n of_o england_n as_o their_o junior_n and_o to_o try_v title_n for_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o favour_v the_o enterprise_n for_o the_o state_n have_v be_v in_o sore_a trouble_n new_o before_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o aurange_a the_o husband_n of_o the_o princess_n royal_a who_o perceive_v the_o republican_n begin_v to_o grow_v weary_a of_o his_o authority_n by_o which_o and_o the_o merit_n of_o his_o ancestor_n they_o have_v attain_v to_o their_o present_a greatness_n but_o he_o die_v soon_o after_o all_o mention_n of_o those_o matter_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n faction_n predominate_v every_o where_n it_o be_v true_a some_o of_o those_o grandee_n after_o the_o ill_a success_n of_o the_o war_n cunning_o shift_v the_o engage_v in_o and_o inducement_n to_o it_o upon_o that_o prince_n and_o his_o counselor_n design_n and_o interest_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o alliance_n with_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o there_o appear_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o menage_n of_o the_o whole_a war_n nor_o will_v the_o hogen_fw-mi mogen_n own_o either_o of_o they_o throughout_o the_o contest_v but_o most_o unhandsome_o disclaim_v and_o deny_v both_o in_o the_o conclusion_n although_o they_o never_o be_v in_o the_o premise_n by_o this_o war_n when_o they_o may_v have_v boast_v of_o a_o precarious_a peace_n grant_v by_o they_o to_o our_o new_a coddle_a state_n who_o court_v and_o earnest_o seek_v their_o republican_n friendship_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o the_o joint_a revenge_n of_o all_o the_o king_n of_o christendom_n for_o their_o late_o perpetrate_v regicide_n they_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o very_a low_a ebb_n and_o they_o may_v thank_v the_o protectoral_a revolution_n that_o they_o be_v not_o leave_v dry_a and_o exhaust_v and_o the_o sea_n whole_o debar_v from_o they_o but_o what_o they_o sail_v by_o our_o permission_n nor_o be_v the_o death_n of_o their_o renown_a admiral_n van_n trump_n one_o of_o the_o least_o of_o their_o loss_n as_o they_o public_o express_v and_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v gratify_v the_o reader_n if_o i_o present_v he_o he_o with_o a_o copy_n of_o his_o epitaph_n inscribe_v on_o his_o stately_a monument_n at_o delfe_n be_v a_o person_n so_o much_o celebrate_v in_o every_o man_n discourse_n aeternae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la martini_n harperti_fw-la trompi_fw-la qui_fw-la batavo_n qui_fw-la virtutem_fw-la ac_fw-la verum_fw-la laborem_fw-la amas_fw-la lege_fw-la ac_fw-la luge_n batavae_fw-la gentis_fw-la decus_fw-la virtutis_fw-la bellicae_fw-la fulmen_fw-la hic_fw-la iaceo_fw-la qui_fw-la nunquam_fw-la jacuit_fw-la &_o imperatorem_fw-la stantem_fw-la mori_fw-la exemplo_fw-la svo_fw-la docuit_fw-la amor_fw-la civium_fw-la hostium_fw-la terror_n oceani_fw-la stupor_n quo_fw-la nomine_fw-la plures_fw-la continentur_fw-la laudes_fw-la cui_fw-la schola_fw-la oriens_fw-la &_o occidens_fw-la mare_fw-la materia_fw-la triumphorum_fw-la universus_fw-la orbis_n theatrum_fw-la gloriae_fw-la fuit_fw-la praedonum_fw-la certa_fw-la pernicses_fw-la commercij_fw-la faelix_fw-la assertor_n familiaritate_fw-la utilis_fw-la non_fw-la vilis_fw-la post_fw-la quam_fw-la nautas_fw-la &_o milites_fw-la durum_fw-la genus_fw-la paterno_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la efficacia_fw-la benigno_fw-la rexit_fw-la imperio_fw-la post_fw-la tot_fw-la praelia_fw-la quorum_fw-la
and_o they_o be_v seven_o in_o number_n which_o that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v the_o better_o inform_v of_o all_o affair_n they_o keep_v always_o near_o about_o his_o person_n in_o several_a chamber_n under_o one_o roof_n their_o name_n be_v these_o the_o council_n of_o spain_n 2._o of_o the_o indies_n 3._o of_o italy_n 4._o of_o the_o low_a country_n 5._o of_o war._n 6._o of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n john_n and_o 7._o of_o the_o inquisition_n in_o these_o the_o slow_a and_o considerate_a advisoe_n of_o fabim_n rather_o than_o the_o praecipitant_fw-la resolution_n of_o marcellus_n be_v receive_v in_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v innovation_n and_o change_n of_o ancient_a custom_n be_v avoid_v by_o which_o constancy_n and_o their_o wariness_n in_o their_o action_n they_o do_v seldom_o commit_v any_o oversight_n or_o fall_v into_o any_o disorder_n or_o rapture_n at_o home_n by_o this_o way_n of_o council_n the_o king_n range_v under_o his_o obedience_n castilian_n arragon_n biscayner_n fleming_n italian_n indian_n christian_n and_o gentile_n people_n utter_o different_a in_o law_n custom_n and_o nature_n as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o nation_n and_o all_o his_o natural_a subject_n the_o ill_a correspondency_n that_o be_v always_o among_o those_o counselor_n who_o emulate_v one_o another_o greatness_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o long_a deliberation_n and_o slackness_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n but_o all_o matter_n once_o resolve_v on_o in_o council_n pass_v indifferent_o with_o incredible_a and_o surpass_a secrecy_n as_o well_o those_o of_o mean_a as_o those_o of_o the_o weighty_a consideration_n secrecy_n of_o all_o secure_v every_o particular_a and_o be_v indeed_o the_o true_a scope_n of_o all_o matter_n of_o state_n for_o design_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v take_v air_n be_v blast_v therewith_o in_o this_o point_n philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n the_o able_a prince_n of_o his_o time_n be_v very_o tenacious_a do_v many_o thing_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o never_o come_v near_o his_o secretary_n but_o be_v transmit_v by_o himself_o uncopy_v but_o what_o he_o take_v likewise_o himself_o to_o his_o express_v and_o dispatch_n in_o his_o last_o advice_n to_o his_o son_n there_o be_v these_o word_n do_v not_o offend_v or_o anger_v the_o secretary_n deliver_v they_o always_o work_v of_o small_a or_o great_a importance_n and_o make_v proof_n of_o they_o rather_o by_o your_o enemy_n than_o your_o friend_n lock_v your_o chief_a secret_n in_o your_o own_o breast_n in_o this_o prince_n fail_v that_o high-flown_a ambition_n which_o have_v torment_v his_o father_n charles_n and_o himself_o during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o reign_n namely_o the_o conceit_n of_o a_o universal_a monarchy_n nor_o do_v it_o die_v with_o he_o for_o have_v all_o his_o life_n study_v nothing_o more_o than_o the_o ruin_n of_o france_n by_o the_o league_n and_o his_o own_o arm_n he_o commend_v the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o design_n to_o his_o son_n have_v also_o a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n resolve_v on_o another_o expedition_n for_o england_n have_v procure_v a_o more_o exact_a account_n of_o its_o havens_n the_o roman_a catholic_n etc._n etc._n but_o his_o successor_n philip_n the_o 3d._n for_o his_o son_n charles_n be_v murder_v in_o the_o inquisition_n as_o suspect_v to_o favour_v the_o protestant_n by_o his_o own_o consent_n see_v how_o the_o treasure_n be_v waste_v and_o his_o father_n credit_v engage_v for_o divers_a vast_a sum_n of_o money_n not_o full_o pay_v to_o this_o day_n but_o run_v on_o interest_n and_o discharge_v by_o degree_n resolve_v to_o steer_v another_o course_n and_o first_o make_v peace_n with_o england_n and_o then_o a_o truce_n with_o the_o dutch_a for_o 12._o year_n and_o as_o the_o great_a act_n of_o his_o reign_n utter_o expel_v the_o moor_n 1100000._o be_v drive_v out_o after_o their_o former_a expulsion_n by_o ferdinand_n who_o lest_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v dispeople_v suffer_v such_o as_o will_v turn_v christian_n to_o stay_v but_o now_o the_o inquisition_n discover_v they_o all_o for_o hypocrite_n and_o entitle_v the_o king_n to_o a_o brave_a patrimony_n this_o same_o philip_n the_o 3d._n be_v a_o great_a stickler_n for_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o the_o german_a war_n new_o begin_v with_o the_o elector_n palatine_n at_o which_o time_n in_o 1621._o he_o die_v and_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o four_o succeed_v with_o who_o be_v that_o fruitless_a treaty_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o infanta_n and_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o palatinate_n this_o prince_n have_v be_v embroil_v in_o the_o dutch_a and_o french_a war_n all_o along_o against_o his_o inclination_n which_o be_v otherwise_o dispose_v for_o he_o love_v quiet_a and_o pleasure_n and_o vacancy_n from_o those_o trouble_n of_o empire_n which_o afflict_v ambitious_a people_n and_o it_o be_v hope_v therefore_o he_o will_v hearken_v now_o in_o his_o old_a age_n to_o a_o composure_n with_o portugal_n from_o which_o he_o have_v reap_v more_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n than_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v worth_a to_o he_o beside_o there_o be_v some_o reason_n of_o state_n why_o the_o army_n of_o spain_n shall_v be_v disband_v and_o no_o force_n more_o than_o usual_a keep_v on_o foot_n lest_o the_o general_n make_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o succession_n who_o have_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o soldiery_n on_o his_o side_n however_o at_o present_a nothing_o be_v more_o eager_o carry_v on_o than_o the_o preparation_n for_o this_o campagnia_fw-la but_o what_o the_o issue_n will_v be_v either_o peace_n or_o victory_n time_n will_v decide_v as_o to_o the_o force_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o bee_n quae_fw-la regio_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la nostri_fw-la non_fw-la plena_fw-la laboris_fw-la there_o be_v no_o nation_n in_o europe_n but_o the_o remote_a northern_a kingdom_n that_o have_v not_o feel_v the_o puissance_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o in_o all_o age_n the_o spanish_a have_v be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o valorous_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n the_o french_a in_o nine_o year_n be_v subdue_v to_o the_o roman_a yoke_n the_o spaniard_n hold_v out_o 200._o and_o then_o too_o the_o fortune_n and_o person_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n the_o universal_a conqueror_n be_v requisite_a to_o their_o subjugation_n they_o serve_v better_o on_o foot_n than_o on_o horseback_n although_o they_o have_v horse_n of_o excellent_a courage_n and_o better_a with_o the_o harquebus_n than_o with_o any_o other_o weapon_n as_o concern_v their_o cavalry_n it_o can_v be_v gainsay_v but_o that_o the_o spanish_a jennet_n be_v the_o noble_a horse_n in_o christendom_n far_o excel_v the_o courser_n of_o naples_n or_o the_o horse_n of_o burgundy_n so_o much_o esteem_v of_o the_o french_a or_o the_o friesland_n horse_n in_o so_o great_a request_n with_o the_o german_n and_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o nature_n herself_o have_v arm_v this_o people_n in_o give_v they_o the_o iron_n mine_n of_o biskay_n guypuscoa_n and_o medina_n with_o the_o temperature_n of_o bilbo_n toledo_n etc._n etc._n to_o conclude_v as_o to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o force_n aforesaid_a this_o prince_n be_v of_o that_o mightiness_n and_o reputation_n to_o this_o day_n that_o beside_o his_o own_o subject_n he_o be_v able_a to_o wage_v what_o number_n of_o horseman_n and_o footman_n of_o the_o german_n italian_a and_o dutch_a nation_n it_o please_v he_o beside_o his_o nobleman_n be_v bind_v to_o bring_v so_o many_o horse_n into_o the_o field_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o that_o remember_v how_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o in_o catalonia_n portugal_n italy_n and_o the_o low_a country_n together_o can_v but_o resolve_v that_o his_o puissance_n be_v most_o considerable_a at_o all_o time_n his_o majesty_n be_v likewise_o constrain_v to_o maintain_v a_o strong_a armada_n in_o these_o sea_n to_o safeguard_v the_o navigation_n to_o the_o indies_n beside_o 24._o galley_n to_o guard_v the_o coast_n from_o the_o turk_n the_o charge_n whereof_o be_v a_o million_o of_o crown_n there_o be_v beside_o 8000._o praesidiary_a soldier_n and_o no_o more_o in_o the_o frontier_n and_o coast_n town_n of_o spain_n the_o charge_n whereof_o i_o see_v not_o compute_v as_o to_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o potentate_n the_o ordinary_a income_n thereof_o amount_v to_o six_o million_o of_o gold_n or_o 11._o million_o of_o crown_n yearly_a whereof_o much_o be_v engage_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o rest_n be_v spend_v in_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o in_o the_o galley_n furnish_v against_o the_o barbary_n pirate_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v as_o another_o ordinary_a revenue_n the_o two_o million_o of_o crown_n which_o he_o receive_v yearly_a of_o the_o clergy_n together_o with_o the_o commendam_n of_o vacant_a praesentation_n
island_n forbid_v any_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o appeal_v to_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n insomuch_o that_o baronius_n in_o his_o 11_o tom_n write_v against_o he_o and_o he_o have_v forbid_v the_o importation_n of_o that_o book_n into_o either_o naples_n or_o sicily_n upon_o pain_n of_o banishment_n to_o nobleman_n and_o the_o galley_n to_o the_o common_a people_n indeed_o since_o that_o author_n have_v teach_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n the_o supposititiousness_n of_o the_o bull_n whereby_o spain_n hold_v this_o place_n it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o exclude_v the_o power_n of_o that_o court_n and_o deny_v their_o authority_n to_o dispose_v of_o it_o to_o any_o since_o they_o find_v not_o the_o grant_v whereby_o it_o be_v bestow_v on_o it_o but_o now_o the_o affair_n of_o spain_n be_v so_o weak_a it_o be_v well_o the_o jesuit_n be_v banish_v sicily_n lest_o upon_o king_n philip_n death_n they_o solemn_o divide_v what_o he_o as_o they_o allege_v unlawful_o unite_v viz._n the_o temporal_a and_o the_o spiritual_a dominion_n and_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n which_o be_v caesar_n and_o the_o pope_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o pope_n make_v the_o viceroy_n a_o king_n under_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o bishop_n dependent_n on_o the_o pope_n to_o which_o design_n the_o severity_n of_o the_o governor_n a_o spanish_a error_n here_o will_v contribute_v as_o much_o in_o sicily_n as_o the_o indulgence_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o germany_n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n when_o we_o reflect_v on_o the_o state_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o frequent_a sedition_n in_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n consider_v the_o settlement_n of_o the_o spanish_a reiglement_n but_o for_o spain_n 2._o oversight_n in_o government_n alteration_n of_o viceroy_n and_o oppression_n of_o subject_n and_o the_o present_a peace_n be_v a_o miracle_n consider_v the_o subtlety_n and_o restlessness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o for_o spain_n two_o politic_a diversion_n the_o one_o more_o serious_a a_o hourly_a devotion_n the_o other_o more_o jocund_a a_o daily_a comedy_n they_o will_v revenge_v their_o be_v so_o poor_a but_o that_o they_o be_v keep_v so_o as_o well_o by_o their_o own_o vanity_n which_o be_v wise_o humour_v as_o their_o governors_n imposition_n which_o be_v necessary_o exact_v beside_o the_o two_o security_n for_o their_o peaceableness_n viz._n 1._o that_o the_o commonalty_n think_v all_o employment_n above_o they_o but_o the_o plough_n 2._o that_o the_o gentry_n judge_v all_o business_n below_o they_o but_o their_o pleasure_n the_o first_o of_o which_o humour_n will_v keep_v they_o too_o low_o and_o the_o second_o too_o bare_a to_o be_v troublesome_a to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v two_o more_o 1._o their_o perfidy_n and_o treachery_n that_o make_v it_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o trust_v one_o another_o in_o a_o design_n 2._o their_o rudeness_n &_o ignorance_n whereby_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o manage_v nothing_o but_o the_o great_a horse_n be_v not_o half_a the_o neapolitan_a clergy_n dependent_n on_o the_o king_n spain_n may_v be_v jealous_a of_o rome_n and_o do_v not_o half_o hold_v of_o the_o pope_n rome_n may_v distrust_v spain_n and_o because_o they_o be_v whole_o neither_o both_o may_v fear_v do_v not_o that_o in_o this_o last_o age_n set_v up_o for_o the_o spiritual_a monarchy_n of_o this_o and_o this_o for_o the_o temporal_a one_o of_o that_o the_o fate_n of_o italy_n be_v it_o be_v only_a security_n against_o the_o french_a and_o that_o of_o europe_n against_o the_o turk_n while_o this_o last_o have_v often_o invade_v it_o as_o they_o do_v 1433._o have_v it_o not_o be_v the_o key_n of_o christendom_n and_o the_o first_o have_v often_o surprise_v it_o as_o they_o intend_v under_o lewis_n the_o 12_o but_o that_o be_v a_o inlet_n into_o the_o papacy_n though_o the_o people_n will_v out_o at_o the_o backdoor_n under_o the_o saracen_n as_o former_o but_o that_o they_o choose_v slavery_n as_o they_o call_v their_o duty_n rather_o than_o barbarism_n and_o at_o the_o fore-door_n under_o the_o french_a but_o that_o that_o be_v not_o a_o escape_n but_o a_o change_n of_o pressure_n the_o emissary_n of_o richlieu_n and_o mazarine_n have_v often_o embroil_v this_o place_n have_v not_o those_o more_o numerous_a from_o the_o pope_n secure_v it_o the_o horse_n bestow_v on_o his_o holiness_n keep_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o saddle_n and_o the_o caution_n that_o the_o church_n put_v in_o at_o that_o ceremony_n that_o she_o be_v not_o prejudice_v in_o she_o right_o be_v the_o best_a ground_n of_o the_o other_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n put_v that_o he_o be_v not_o disturb_v in_o his_o power_n especial_o since_o the_o duke_n of_o modena_n can_v do_v the_o french_a against_o arragon_n as_o much_o right_a as_o go_v salvo_n do_v arragon_n against_o france_n do_v not_o milan_n bestir_v its_o self_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o have_v not_o the_o pope_n divert_v the_o french_a on_o the_o other_o although_o the_o modern_a ambition_n of_o the_o nepolitan_a nobleman_n be_v more_o dangerous_a at_o this_o time_n than_o the_o ancient_a pretention_n of_o the_o french_a king_n albeit_o bottom_v on_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n adoption_n pope_n clement_n the_o 7th_n confirmation_n the_o last_o will_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o main_n and_o the_o agreement_n between_o lewis_n the_o 12_o and_o ferdinand_n of_o castille_n nothing_o obstruct_v but_o the_o pope_n gift_n of_o it_o upon_o spain_n do_v not_o the_o spanish_a preferment_n divide_v and_o the_o castilian_a army_n of_o 6000._o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n awe_v they_o and_o their_o king_n prove_v too_o hard_o for_o they_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o more_o by_o drayn_v 22000._o neapolitan_n into_o the_o spanish_a garrison_n or_o by_o draw_v 4000_o germane_a into_o the_o neapolitan_a beside_o that_o every_o second_o house_n maintain_v a_o foot_n soldier_n a_o janisary_a extraordinary_a send_v out_o of_o spain_n or_o germany_n 1._o which_o together_o with_o the_o spaniard_n firm_a league_n with_o the_o pope_n 2._o their_o confederacy_n in_o italy_n 3._o their_o impoverish_v of_o the_o nobility_n 4._o their_o indulgence_n to_o the_o commonalty_n 5._o their_o strong_a navy_n at_o sea_n 6._o the_o jealousy_n of_o france_n and_o germany_n 7._o the_o largess_n bestow_v on_o the_o clergy_n and_o 8._o the_o fear_n of_o venice_n the_o 8._o branch_n of_o their_o interest_n of_o state_n may_v secure_v the_o peace_n of_o that_o unquiet_a place_n for_o this_o age_n if_o it_o escape_v a_o alteration_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o treasure_n be_v more_o behold_v to_o the_o gabal_n of_o naples_n that_o come_v to_o 4._o million_o of_o crown_n the_o people_n pay_v there_o for_o every_o thing_n they_o enjoy_v to_o their_o very_a salad_n than_o to_o the_o mine_n of_o india_n that_o cost_v they_o more_o the_o republic_n of_o ragusa_n the_o command_n of_o this_o puny_a state_n be_v of_o little_a extent_n the_o soil_n very_o unfruitful_a and_o sterile_a without_o any_o river_n and_o the_o city_n situate_v among_o abrupt_a hill_n and_o many_o mighty_a neighbour_n and_o nevertheless_o this_o republic_n for_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n when_o as_o other_o great_a sovereignty_n of_o senia_n bosnia_n hungary_n etc._n etc._n be_v destroy_v by_o the_o turk_n have_v not_o only_o preserve_v herself_o but_o advance_v her_o subject_n in_o wealth_n and_o reputation_n she_o command_v in_o the_o dalmatian_a coast_n from_o cape_n cumeno_n to_o castelnuovo_n about_o 4._o mile_n into_o the_o land_n as_o also_o over_o these_o 4._o island_n agosta_n melada_n inpana_n calamita_n the_o city_n lie_v long-waye_n be_v yet_o no_o more_o than_o 2000_o pace_n in_o its_o circumference_n and_o can_v be_v make_v great_a or_o enlarge_v because_o of_o one_o side_n it_o lie_v against_o a_o rock_n which_o command_v it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o against_o the_o sea_n and_o because_o merchandise_n and_o peace_n have_v flourish_v here_o so_o long_o it_o be_v build_v very_o narrow_a with_o high_a house_n and_o be_v full_a of_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v necessitate_v to_o spread_v themselves_o among_o the_o adjacent_a land_n when_o they_o have_v get_v estate_n fix_v at_o home_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o quadrangular_a tower_n ram_v and_o fill_v with_o earth_n but_o the_o impregnable_a castle_n stand_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a rock_n and_o encompass_v in_o a_o manner_n with_o the_o sea_n command_v both_o it_o and_o the_o haven_n no_o man_n but_o a_o gentleman_n of_o ragusa_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v in_o the_o government_n and_o he_o that_o marry_v with_o a_o under_o degree_n lose_v his_o gentility_n by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v now_o but_o 24._o family_n all_o gentleman_n age_v 20._o be_v member_n of_o the_o great_a council_n and_o of_o these_o gentry_n there_o be_v late_o in_o number_n 317._o in_o all_o
accrument_n of_o felicity_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o frederick_n the_o 5_o nephew_n to_o prince_n maurice_n by_o his_o sister_n lovisa_n marry_v to_o frederick_n the_o four_o with_o our_o princess_n elizabeth_n daughter_n of_o king_n james_n some_o time_n before_o and_o his_o investiture_n in_o the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n by_o the_o election_n of_o those_o state_n who_o indeed_o by_o the_o concession_n of_o many_o prince_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n themselves_o letter_n reversate_a they_o call_v they_o and_o by_o their_o own_o custom_n and_o privilege_n have_v right_o thereunto_o but_o the_o choice_n and_o acceptation_n thereof_o be_v not_o so_o free_a and_o voluntary_a on_o his_o part_n for_o that_o some_o affront_n be_v like_a to_o be_v put_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o chamber_n of_o spire_n who_o be_v ready_a to_o proceed_v to_o sentence_n against_o he_o for_o his_o demolish_n udenheim_n which_o the_o bishop_n of_o spires_n who_o town_n it_o be_v be_v then_o a_o fortify_v which_o spinola_n afterward_o take_v in_o hand_n and_o finish_v and_o call_v it_o philipsburg_n now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o french_a the_o reader_n be_v here_o to_o understand_v that_o in_o this_o low_a palatinate_n there_o be_v several_a famous_a imperial_a town_n and_o bishopric_n as_o worm_n spires_n although_o feudatory_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o prince_n elector_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o palatine_a king_n of_o bohemia_n but_o the_o war_n begin_v to_o flame_n in_o germany_n portend_v by_o a_o fearful_a comet_n in_o 1618._o in_o the_o first_o battle_n whereof_o at_o prague_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n assist_v by_o bethlem_n gabor_n transylvanian_n and_o hungarian_n be_v total_o rout_v by_o count_n bucquoy_n the_o young_a prince_n of_o anhalt_n slay_v a_o great_a slaughter_n make_v and_o prague_n soon_o after_o take_v this_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 5_o of_o november_n 1620._o and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n as_o he_o be_v then_o call_v flee_v to_o breslaw_n in_o silesia_n where_o he_o secure_v himself_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o his_o estate_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o anspach_n who_o be_v general_n of_o the_o confederate_a protestant_a prince_n but_o be_v corrupt_v by_o spinola_n gold_n who_o be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o the_o low_a country_n to_o attaque_fw-la the_o palatinate_n base_o sell_v it_o and_o the_o prince_n interest_n by_o which_o mean_v spinola_n short_o after_o reduce_v manheim_n and_o frankendale_n garrison_v by_o the_o english_a but_o hopeless_a of_o relief_n soon_o after_o king_n frederick_n withdraw_v into_o holland_n expect_v some_o new_a undertake_v of_o his_o quarrel_n and_o the_o protestant_a interest_n of_o which_o ferdinand_n the_o second_o emperor_n be_v a_o most_o violent_a and_o bitter_a enemy_n and_o here_o he_o hear_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o danish_a war_n more_o to_o his_o disadvantage_n till_o the_o swede_n enter_v germany_n when_o he_o follow_v that_o king_n and_o be_v by_o he_o upon_o some_o hard_a term_n restore_v to_o his_o estate_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_o decease_a at_o mentz_n november_n 29._o 1632._o but_o soon_o after_o his_o death_n and_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n the_o imperialist_n overran_a the_o country_n again_o have_v rout_v and_o break_v the_o swedish_n power_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o nordlingen_n and_o although_o some_o effort_n be_v make_v by_o prince_n rupert_n with_o some_o force_n out_o of_o holland_n in_o which_o service_n my_o lord_n craven_a and_o other_o english_a gentleman_n be_v engage_v yet_o be_v they_o final_o vanquish_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o hardly_o put_v to_o it_o by_o swim_v to_o make_v their_o escape_n so_o that_o the_o country_n continue_v sequester_v from_o the_o young_a prince_n elector_n till_o the_o treaty_n at_o munster_n by_o which_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o low_a palatinate_n and_o make_v a_o 8_o elector_n with_o the_o office_n of_o arch-treasurer_n for_o that_o his_o former_a electoral_a office_n together_o with_o all_o the_o appurtenance_n of_o it_o and_o the_o county_n of_o cham_n beside_o be_v confer_v upon_o his_o counn_n of_o bavaria_n of_o the_o gulielmin_n line_n this_o be_v the_o elder_a and_o call_v the_o rodulphin_n but_o the_o young_a be_v far_o more_o rich_a and_o powerful_a and_o the_o great_a enemy_n to_o the_o other_o this_o dignity_n and_o estate_n be_v give_v the_o bavarian_a for_o his_o assistance_n of_o the_o emperor_n with_o man_n and_o money_n in_o this_o war._n by_o the_o same_o treaty_n the_o emperor_n be_v likewise_o to_o give_v the_o elector_n young_a brother_n and_o sister_n their_o portion_n in_o ready_a money_n which_o pro_fw-la benevolo_fw-la caesareo_fw-la affectu_fw-la in_o domum_fw-la palatinam_fw-la as_o the_o word_n run_v he_o do_v assent_v to_o and_o punctual_o pay_v and_o perform_v this_o prince_n now_o quiet_o enjoy_v what_o he_o have_v by_o that_o treaty_n and_o have_v be_v high_o carress_v by_o the_o present_a emperor_n he_o have_v marry_v a_o daughter_n of_o the_o house_n of_o hassia_n between_o which_o family_n and_o his_o there_o have_v be_v frequent_a march_n as_o to_o his_o interest_n it_o lie_v in_o a_o general_a peace_n and_o amity_n with_o all_o prince_n but_o especial_o with_o the_o emperor_n and_o next_o the_o protestant_a party_n and_o principal_o those_o of_o the_o calvinian_a way_n which_o be_v the_o religion_n profess_v in_o his_o country_n and_o of_o which_o he_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o head_n in_o europe_n his_o alliance_n lead_v he_o to_o respect_v the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o denmark_n and_o this_o king_n of_o sweden_n father_n be_v bear_v of_o his_o aunt_n the_o family_n of_o nassaw_n and_o he_o be_v likewise_o near_o in_o blood_n his_o grandmother_n be_v the_o sister_n of_o prince_n maurice_n and_o daughter_n of_o prince_n william_n so_o that_o he_o stand_v secure_a and_o may_v in_o time_n repair_v his_o fortune_n against_o the_o turk_n he_o be_v at_o his_o proportionable_a charge_n assess_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o dier_n we_o come_v next_o to_o a_o brief_a view_n of_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n transfert_v with_o the_o county_n of_o cham_n to_o the_o house_n of_o bavaria_n who_o duke_n ludovicus_n emperor_n also_o of_o germany_n upon_o the_o partition_n of_o estate_n resign_v it_o for_o ever_o some_o age_n since_o to_o rodulphus_fw-la his_o elder_a brother_n who_o in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n gertrude_n the_o daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n of_o henry_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n be_v invest_v in_o all_o those_o dominion_n and_o dignity_n in_o this_o province_n be_v seat_v newburg_n the_o title_n of_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o the_o house_n palatine_n and_o duke_n of_o cleve_n in_o share_n with_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n here_o be_v also_o the_o city_n of_o noremberg_n famous_a for_o its_o rate_n workmanship_n a_o fine_a and_o beautiful_a town_n yet_o no_o 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be_v angry_a he_o have_v a_o open_a passage_n into_o tuscany_n advantage_v with_o supply_n of_o all_o kind_n from_o lombardy_n and_o bononia_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o tuscan_a have_v no_o way_n to_o invade_v st._n peter_n patrimony_n but_o over_o such_o craggy_a mountain_n as_o no_o army_n or_o artillery_n can_v pass_v or_o be_v maintain_v towards_o other_o prince_n he_o carry_v a_o fair_a respect_n as_o willing_a to_o maintain_v the_o trade_n of_o legorn_n and_o florence_n towards_o which_o and_o the_o sea-force_n that_o must_v preserve_v it_o this_o prince_n have_v amass_v a_o infinite_a treasure_n and_o may_v do_v very_o well_o but_o that_o the_o genoan_n and_o venetian_n have_v this_o advantage_n of_o he_o that_o they_o be_v as_o wise_a in_o public_a counsel_n as_o his_o people_n be_v in_o private_a and_o that_o they_o can_v alter_v their_o resolution_n with_o the_o occasion_n whilst_o they_o of_o florence_n stick_v to_o their_o decree_n notwithstanding_o all_o event_n beside_o that_o this_o prince_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o uncle_n of_o the_o sacred_a college_n have_v this_o defect_n that_o they_o pretend_v to_o arrive_v at_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o which_o other_o potentate_n can_v not_o attain_v but_o by_o a_o succession_n of_o many_o age_n yet_o the_o dukedom_n be_v centre_v in_o the_o very_a navel_n of_o italy_n be_v thereby_o further_a from_o invasion_n on_o all_o side_n and_o the_o most_o participant_a of_o the_o common_a interest_n which_o may_v secure_v that_o state_n in_o the_o busy_a time_n though_o a_o little_a overawe_v by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o hold_v in_o actual_a possession_n pont_n hercule_n telemene_n and_o piombino_n the_o setler_n as_o the_o historian_n call_v they_o of_o hetruria_n sardinia_n a_o unhealthy_a place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o more_o fresh_a water_n than_o what_o be_v rain_v down_o and_o keep_v from_o the_o winter_n to_o summer_n which_o lie_v west_n of_o sicily_n some_o 200._o mile_n from_o cape_n boâ—â—_n or_o cape_n cow_n be_v a_o convenient_a passage_n into_o africa_n the_o people_n of_o which_o place_n be_v so_o give_v to_o hunt_v run_v and_o other_o riotous_a match_n and_o thereby_o so_o prone_a to_o rebellion_n that_o the_o spaniard_n permit_v not_o a_o cutler_n among_o they_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o their_o clergy_n and_o people_n so_o rude_a that_o after_o the_o mass_n say_v by_o rote_n they_o will_v dance_v and_o sing_v in_o their_o church_n in_o a_o way_n unbecoming_a either_o a_o alehouse_n or_o tavern_n much_o devote_a to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o for_o its_o sake_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o govern_v it_o by_o a_o viceroy_n who_o reside_v at_o calaris_n and_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v a_o spaniard_n under_o who_o be_v 2._o deputy-governour_n spaniard_n also_o the_o one_o for_o cape_n cagliari_n towards_o africa_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o cape_n lugierdois_n towards_o corsica_n both_o secure_v by_o the_o 3._o island_n about_o they_o 1._o isola_n rossa_n 2._o afineria_n 3._o st._n peter_n which_o belong_v likewise_o to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v security_n against_o the_o turk_n this_o place_n owe_v to_o the_o pisans_n and_o genoan_n and_o it_o be_v safety_n upon_o the_o french_a and_o other_o nation_n incursion_n into_o africa_n it_o be_v behold_v for_o to_o rome_n and_o venice_n so_o that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n need_v not_o fear_v it_o as_o long_o as_o he_o be_v in_o the_o genoan_n book_n so_o much_o for_o use-money_n in_o the_o venetian_n for_o trade_n and_o the_o pope_n for_o kingdom_n sicily_n this_o kingdom_n environ_v round_o with_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n contain_v 700._o mile_n in_o compass_n join_v to_o italy_n by_o the_o narrow_a straight_a mestaena_fw-la not_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a shoot_v into_o the_o sea_n with_o 3._o promontory_n 1._o capo_n de_fw-fr bow_n northward_o 2._o capo_n passaw_n westward_o 3._o capo_n boio_fw-la southward_o and_o secure_v by_o the_o 2._o dangerous_a gulf_n scylla_n and_o charybdis_n the_o granary_n former_o of_o rome_n and_o now_o of_o italy_n spain_n and_o barbary_n beside_o malta_n and_o the_o adjacent_a isle_n make_v up_o of_o 4._o province_n 1._o vallis_n de_fw-fr noto_n eastward_o 2._o mazam_n southward_o 3._o mona_n northward_o and_o 4._o the_o aeolian_a island_n westward_o by_o don_n pedro_n king_n of_o arragon_n after_o the_o sicilian_a vesper_n add_v to_o arragon_n and_o in_o right_a of_o arragon_n to_o spain_n with_o who_o fortune_n it_o stand_v and_o fall_v it_o be_v 7._o chief_a port_n town_n be_v guard_v by_o 18._o man_n of_o war_n and_o it_o be_v 3._o division_n keep_v under_o by_o 3000._o men._n it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o understand_v the_o reason_n why_o so_o devout_a a_o son_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n shall_v renounce_v its_o supremacy_n in_o this_o