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A20983 Emblema animæ or Morrall discourses reflecting upon humanitie. Written by John du Plessis now Cardinall of Richleu. Translated by I.M. Also varietie of obseruations delightfull to the minde; Emblema animae. English Richelieu, Armand Jean de Plessis, duc de, 1585-1642.; Maxwell, James, b. 1581.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver. 1635 (1635) STC 7359; ESTC S111092 68,276 289

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miles Asia so called from the Daughter of Oceanus and Thetis Wife to Iapetus and Mother to Prometheus or as some say of Asia the Sonne of Manae King of Lydia is separated from Europe by the River Tanais now called Duina by the Sea called in time past Palus Mcotides now Mare de Zabache and by Pontus Euxinus now Mare Maiorica and by part of the Mediterranean Sea and from Africk by the River of Nile the Red Sea and the Aegyptian Istmus It stretcheth in length 5200. miles and in bredth 4560. miles Affrica which some say is so called of one Affer of the line of Abraham is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean sea and from Asia by the Rod sea and the Fiver of Nile Africa is in length 4155. and in bredth 1920. miles America o● West-India so called of Americus Vespusius but first found out by Christopher Columbus of Genua the yeare of our Lord 1492. it is like an Iland round about environed with the great Ocean but the length and bredth no man knoweth Africa is greater then Europa Asia then Africa and America bigger then all The foure Monarchies THe first Monarchy was of the Assyrians founded by Ninus about the yeare of the World 2220. augmented by the Queene Semiramis and after it had endured the terme of 1300. yeares it was translated by Arbactus unto the Medes and there having endured 350. yeares it was lost by Astyages and conquered by Cyrus The second Monarchy was of the Persians founded by Cyrus the yeere of the World 3425. which after it had endured 191. yeares was lost by Darius and subdued by Alexander the great The third Monarchy was of the Grecians founded by Alexander the great in the yeare of the World 3634. and before Christ 320 yeares after whose death it was divided among the Prefects which in his life-time he had appointed in divers Countries By which division Seleucus was King of Syria Ptolomeus of Egypt Antigonus of Asia Cassander of Macedonia and Greece all which Countries were after subdued by the Romans The fourth Monarchy or Empire was of the Romans founded by Iulius Caesar in the yeare of the World 3914 after the building of Rome 706 yeares and before Christ 47 yeares This Monarchy flourished about the space of 470 yeares till that after the death of Theodosius the great it was divided by his two Sonnes into two Empires Arcadius was Emperour of Constantinople which Empire endured though afterwards much diministred by the invasions of barbarous nations untill the yeare of our Lord 1453 and then was quite lost by Constantine and conquered by Mahomet second King of Turkes Honorius was Emperour of Rome which Empire shortly after in the yeare of our Lord 475 and about the ninth moneth of the reigne of Augustus was utterly ruinated by Othacar King of Goths And long after the yeare of our Lord 801 it was restored by Charles the great and by him united to the Crownne of France and by his successors translated into Germany where it yet remaineth as a shadow onely or representation of the greatnesse and majesty of the ancient Roman Empire The sixe Ages of the World IN the dividing of these Ages there is great contrariety of Opinions among Writers for that some follow the computation of the 72 Interpreters and some follow the Hebrewes and the common Text of the Bible The first Age from the creation of the world till the universall Flood endured according to the Hebrewes 1656 yeares which agreeth with the saying of S. Hierome Bede Philo and the common text of the Bible The 72. Interpreters and Eusebius hold that it endured 2242 yeares and Saint Austine is of opinion that it endured 2272. Of this Age few or no things are recited worthy of memory Except the birth of the first man Adam and the creation of all things The second age from Noahs floud till the birth of Abraham endured according to the 72 Interpretours Eusebius and the greatest part of writers 942 and according to the Hebrewes but 292 yeares Saint Austin counteth 172 yeares In this age was builded Babel The tower of confusion the Empire of the Assyrians beganne and the great City of Ninive was builded which contained in circuit three daies journey The third age from Abraham to David endured by the agreement of all Authors 942 yeares During this age was the peregrination of Abraham the beginning of the Amazones Sodom and Gommorrah were destroied Ioseph was sold to the Egyptians Moses passed the red Sea Iob the just lived Iason conquered the golden Fleete the destruction of Troy the Latins beganne to raigne in Italy The fourth age from the beginning of the raigne of David till the leading of the Iewes captive into Babylon endured 485 yeares during this age the Empire of Assyrians was translated to the Medes the Olympiades of the Grecians beganne Carthage was builded by Dido and Rome by Romulus Byzance was also builded the destruction of Ierusalem by Nebuchadnezzar and thereupon the calamity of the Jewes The fift age from the transmigration of Babylon to the comming of Christ endured by the agreement of al 589 yeares During this age Cyrus beganne the Monarchie of the Persians the 70 yeare of this age the Jewes returned to their Countrie Consuls beganne to rule in Rome Xerxes invaded Greece with an armie of 1000000 men Plato Aristotle and Demostenes flourished with many other worthy Philosophers Alexander wonne the Monarchy of the world the destruction of Carthage by the Romans Caesar usurped the Empire of Rome The Sixt age beganne at the birth of our Saviour Christ which yet endureth and shall endure to the end of the world The seaven wonders of the World THe first were the walls of Babylon built by Semiramis of stone joyned together with a strange kinde of slimy and gluish morter which groweth in the mines of those Countries and especially in the Lake where stoode in time past Sodome and Gomorrah now called Asfaltida These walls according to the towne were built in quadrangle and contained in circuit as sayth Pliny in the twenty sixt Chapter of his sixt booke 60 miles so that every square was fifteene mile long they were 200 foote high and fifty foote thicke and to build these walls were hired by Semiramis out of divers Countries for a long space 300000 men The second was the Pillar of the sunne offered by the Gentills unto Iupiter This Pillar stoode in the I le of Rhodes and was made of iron in the forme of a man of incredible greatnesse in so much that a man mighst scarce fadome the great singer thereof After it had stood 56 yeares it fell downe by reason of an earthquake and so lay till the Iland was wonne by the Souldan of Egypt who carried so much mettle away as loaded 900 Camels The third were the Pyramides of Egypt among the which there is one specially noted about the City of Memphis now called grand Caire this Pyramid covered about 40 acres of land
chosen by the Apostles to supply Iudas roome was borne at Bethlehem desended of the Tribe of Iuda he preached altogether in Iudea where lastly hee was accused by his enemies of perjury or rather blasphemie and therefore hee was condemned to bee stoned to death by two men during which torment one smote him with a hatcher and so hee suffred martyrdome The tenne persecutions under the Romane Emperors THe first beganne in the 13 yeare of the raigne of Nero in such sort that the Christians were faine to hide themselves in caves of the earth The second beganne in the 12 yeare of the raigne of Domitian who caused S. Iohn the Evangelist to bee put in a vessell of burning oyle whereof he received no hurt The third beganne in the tenth yeare of the raigne of Traian which ceased afterwards by the pitty and meanes of Pli●●y Second prefect of the Empire The fourth began under Marcus Antonius and Aurelius Commodus Empire The fift began at the commandement of the Emperour Severus The sixt beganne at the indignation of Maximinus who especially persecuted the Clergie The seventh began under the Emperour Decius and continued cruelly The eight began under the Emperour Valerius who though at the first hee were a Christian yet afterwards beeing corrupted by certaine hereticks hee became a most cruell persecutor of Christ his Church The ninth began under the Emperour Aurelianus The tenth beganne by the commandement of the Emperors Dioclesianus and Maximianus Herculeus this persecution was far more cruell and generall then any of the rest insomuch that Dioclesinnus in the orient and Maximianus in the occident destroyed all Churches and tormented the Christians with all strange torments The eight times that Rome hath beene taken ROme was first taken by the Gaules under the conduct of their captaine Brennas the yeare of the foundation of the Cittie about 365 the yeare of the world 4835 and the yeare before Christ 364. This Brennus is by the Britain and English Cronicles reported to bee a Britain and brother to Belinus King of Britain but neither the Chronicles of Rome nor of Gaule doe speake of any such matter Rome was secondly taken by Alaricke King of Gothes after ●ee had held his siege to it the space of two yeares which befell the yeare of the foundation of the City 1164 the yeare of our Lord 412 and the 25 yeare of the Empire of Honorius It is written in the Cronicles of Constintinople and in other places that as Alarick being a Christian marched with his host towards Rome a certaine Monck of holy life and great authority came unto him who having audience admonished and counsailed him to breake of that evill purpose and to remember that hee was a Christian and that for Gods sake hee would moderate his wrath and that hee should not take pleasure in the shedding of Christian blood sith that Rome ha● not in any respect of fended him Unto whom Alaricke answered him Thou must understand man of God that proceedeth not of mine own will that I goe against Rome bu● contrarily I assure thee tha● every day there commeth unto mee a man which constrainet● and importuneth mee thereunto saying unto mee Haste● thee goe against Rome destroy it utterly and make it dessolate At which words the religiou● man being astonished durst no● reply and so the King follower his enterprise Rome was thirdly taken by Gensericke king of Vandales the yeare of the foundation of the City 1208 the yeare of Christ 456. who sacked and burned in it many places which befell in the Empire of Marcian Rome was fourthly taken by by Totila King of Gothes who because hee could not obtaine peace of the Emperour Iusti●ian who trusted too much in the power of his Lievtenant Bellisarius commanded the Cittizens to avoide the Citty and afterward burned sacked and destroyed almost all the Citty Walls and the Capitoll and made it altogether desolate in so much that never since it could bee repaired according to the first forme although awhile after Bellisarius peopled and repaired a great part thereof and calling againe the old inhabitants fortified and strengthned much the walls This desolation and of all other most lamentable happened the yeare after the foundation of the City 1300 after Christ 548 and the 21 yeare of the Empire of Iustinian Rome was fiftly taken by the same Totila King of Gothes after that Bellisarius had repeopled and repared it but whereas before he had almost destroied it hee now called againe the Citizens which were fled at his comming and travailed all hee could to restore and repaire that which he had destroied and behaved himselfe towards his subjects and especially towards the Romans not like a stranger but a father This happened but three yeares after he had destroyed it Rome was sixtly taken by the Moores and Sarracens followers of Mohomet his Law which in great multitude came into Italy and in the yeare of our Lord 833 sitting in Rome Gregory the fourth and governing the Empire Lewis the first besieged tooke and sacked Rome prophaning the Temple of Saint Peter which don they returned to their shippes charged with prey and prisoners Rome was seventhly taken by Henry the fourth of that name Emperour of Germany sitting in Rome Gregory the seventh this time Rome was most cruelly destroyed by reason that both the armies of the Pope and the Emperour scirmished and fought long within the Citty and the Capitole which had beene before destroyd was now againe repaired which befell the yeare of our Lord 1082 Authors write that Rome never was so much endamaged at any time as at this by reason of the lamentable destruction that was done by the Normans on the Popes side and Germans for the Emperour Rome was last taken by Charles the last Duke of Bourbon who being slaine as hee scaled the walls at the first assault and by that chance the Souldiers being in liberty and without a Head pittifully destroyed the City and committed all kinde of enormities and barbarous cruelties saving that they burned not the Churches although they spoyled and robbed them to the uttermost for a great part of the Army were Germans and most of the Germans Lutherans This adversity happened to Rome the yeare of our Saviour 1527 sitting at Rome Clement the seventh and governing the Empire Charles the fist The seven Electors of the Emperour of Germany THree Ecclesiasticall that is to say the Archbishop of Ments called the Arch-chancellour of Germany the Archbishop of Colen called the Arch-chancellour of Italy and the Archbishop of Triers called the Arch-chancellour of France Foure Temporall the Marquis of Brandebourg great Chamberlaine of the Empire the Duke of Saxony beareth the Sword before the Emperor the Count Palatin of Rhene Carver Arch-sewer in carrying the Plate the King of Bohemia Taster to the Emperour or Cup-bearer These Electors were first ordained by the Emperour Otho third of that name and confirmed by Gregory the fifth in the yeare of our Lord