be_v image_n cut_v out_o of_o one_o hard_a stone_n and_o make_v by_o the_o command_n of_o a_o king_n who_o live_v all_o his_o life_n here_o in_o solitariness_n near_o to_o vucheu_o upon_o the_o hill_n vangkiu_fw-mi stand_v a_o strange_a image_n in_o shape_n and_o proportion_n resemble_v a_o man_n but_o attend_v with_o this_o peculiarity_n that_o according_a to_o the_o several_a temper_n of_o the_o air_n it_o receive_v several_a colour_n by_o the_o change_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n know_v whether_o they_o shall_v have_v fair_a or_o foul_a wether_n the_o emperor_n xius_o employ_v five_o thousand_o man_n to_o dig_v a_o passage_n quite_o through_o the_o mountain_n fang_n for_o he_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o beforementioned_a deceitful_a mountain-gazer_n who_o promise_v to_o foretell_v every_o person_n destiny_n by_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o hill_n some_o of_o who_o have_v give_v out_o that_o they_o foresee_v by_o this_o hill_n shape_n that_o another_o emperor_n shall_v reign_v wherefore_o xius_o to_o frustrate_v his_o approach_a fate_n cause_v this_o hill_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o to_o alter_v its_o shape_n near_o to_o the_o city_n ce_v upon_o the_o mountain_n loyo_n stand_v the_o statue_n of_o a_o great_a lion_n out_o of_o who_o mouth_n gush_v water_n continual_o near_o to_o the_o city_n xeu_fw-fr in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v upon_o the_o hill_n cuke_v be_v find_v a_o great_a lump_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o say_v have_v the_o virtue_n of_o cure_v several_a disease_n the_o hill_n kieuquan_n be_v call_v the_o hill_n of_o seven_o palace_n because_o the_o son_n of_o king_n cyugan_n cause_v seven_o palace_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o it_o in_o which_o they_o reside_v and_o study_v several_a science_n the_o hill_n lin_n near_o to_o the_o city_n tauleu_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o the_o expert_a archery_n of_o one_o hevyus_fw-la who_o in_o this_o place_n shoot_v seven_o bird_n fly_v one_o after_o another_o near_o to_o the_o city_n ceu_fw-la be_v the_o mountain_n changp_v very_o much_o note_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o great_a and_o admire_a philosopher_n confutius_n here_o also_o may_v be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o some_o city_n or_o town_n that_o former_o stand_v upon_o it_o near_o to_o the_o city_n kioheu_o lie_v the_o hill_n fang_n not_o a_o little_a frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o confutius_n the_o hill_n kieuchin_n near_o to_o hanyang_n have_v its_o name_n from_o nine_o virgin_n that_o be_v sister_n and_o live_v thereon_o study_v chemistry_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cuckoe_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cuckoe_n where_o report_n say_v king_n ci_o bury_v much_o gold_n and_o afterward_o because_o he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o discover_v put_v to_o death_n all_o those_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o hide_v it_o but_o by_o chance_v a_o young_a son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o workman_n take_v notice_n of_o what_o his_o father_n be_v do_v and_o bear_v the_o same_o in_o mind_n when_o he_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n go_v and_o take_v it_o away_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o father_n death_n felicitate_v his_o own_o life_n upon_o certain_a high_a hill_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n where_o it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n honan_n lie_v a_o kingdom_n call_v kiug_v absolute_a of_o itself_o and_o no_o way_n subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n be_v of_o china_n only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o good_a correspondence_n the_o king_n thereof_o receive_v from_o the_o chinese_n monarch_n his_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n these_o high-land_n people_n will_v in_o no_o wise_n suffer_v the_o chineses_n to_o come_v among_o they_o and_o very_o hardly_o to_o speak_v to_o they_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o they_o who_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n to_o avoid_v the_o outrage_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o these_o high_a mountain_n for_o safety_n where_o ever_o since_o their_o posterity_n have_v continue_v possess_v innumerable_a brave_a vale_n and_o incomparable_a good_a land_n which_o be_v secure_v against_o the_o invasion_n or_o inroad_n of_o any_o enemy_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o mountain_n in_o china_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wild_a people_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a passage_n to_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o the_o emperor_n notwithstanding_o great_a endeavour_n have_v be_v use_v to_o effect_v the_o same_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o mine_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o metal_n stone_n etc._n etc._n within_o the_o spacious_a continent_n of_o this_o empire_n and_o chief_o upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v find_v many_o rich_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n in_o great_a abundance_n yet_o to_o dig_v for_o gold_n or_o silver_n out_o of_o any_o of_o they_o be_v forbid_v although_o it_o remain_v free_a for_o any_o person_n to_o seek_v for_o gold_n upon_o the_o side_n and_o bank_n of_o river_n where_o the_o same_o be_v also_o find_v in_o great_a quantity_n with_o which_o all_o the_o country_n drive_v their_o trade_n by_o barter_v and_o exchange_v it_o away_o for_o other_o commodity_n upon_o the_o mountain_n yocheu_fw-la be_v dig_v up_o a_o green_a stone_n which_o be_v beat_v to_o powder_n afford_v the_o painter_n a_o most_o delicate_a vert._n there_o be_v also_o several_a excellent_a stone_n quarry_n among_o which_o some_o of_o marble_n whereof_o they_o make_v table_n and_o other_o curious_a ornament_n for_o their_o house_n it_o have_v such_o strange_a yet_o natural_a vein_n that_o by_o their_o concentr_n the_o shape_n of_o hill_n water_n tree_n flower_n be_v so_o admirable_o figure_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o if_o the_o most_o exquisite_a artist_n of_o the_o world_n have_v depict_v they_o with_o his_o pencil_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n be_v find_v very_o clear_a white_a and_o red_a marble_n as_o also_o touchstone_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o stone_n which_o for_o colour_n and_o hardness_n be_v much_o value_v and_o upon_o the_o mountain_n xaitung_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la the_o jasper_n of_o several_a colour_n be_v find_v as_o also_o in_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o hill_n io_n be_v very_o clear_a stone_n which_o for_o their_o lustre_n and_o sparkle_a resemble_v diamond_n out_o of_o mount_n kiun_n be_v dig_v red_a marble_n in_o suchue_n on_o mount_n tiexe_n grow_v a_o stone_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n yield_v iron_n very_o fit_a to_o make_v sword_n the_o hill_n cucay_n near_a chingtien_n bring_v forth_o tree_n and_o stone_n red_a of_o colour_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n all_o the_o product_n of_o the_o hill_n hoan_n which_o signify_v the_o yellow_a hill_n even_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o stone_n be_v of_o a_o gold_n colour_n there_o be_v several_a other_o hill_n which_o produce_v strange_a and_o precious_a stone_n as_o the_o hill_n xeyen_fw-mi so_o name_v because_o after_o rain_v there_o be_v find_v stone_n upon_o the_o same_o resemble_v swallow_n many_o other_o produce_v variety_n of_o stone_n hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n by_o reason_n of_o experiment_n which_o have_v be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o cure_n of_o several_a disease_n as_o all_o sort_n of_o ague_n fever_n calenture_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o in_o some_o place_n be_v such_o variety_n of_o rare_a and_o physical_a stone_n so_o in_o other_o be_v earth_n and_o medicinal_a drug_n namely_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cincheu_o be_v dig_v up_o a_o certain_a yellow_a earth_n which_o be_v a_o powerful_a antidote_n against_o all_o manner_n of_o poison_n in_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o huquang_n there_o be_v several_a place_n where_o they_o gather_v great_a store_n of_o manna_n which_o the_o native_n take_v for_o freeze_a dew_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n tape_n they_o dig_v up_o a_o certain_a earth_n so_o red_a that_o they_o use_v it_o for_o vermilion_a to_o print_v their_o red_a seal_n whereas_o upon_o the_o mountain_n nieuxu_fw-la the_o earth_n be_v so_o white_a that_o it_o be_v use_v by_o the_o woman_n in_o stead_n of_o paint_n for_o be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n it_o strange_o embellish_v the_o face_n which_o be_v wash_v therewith_o here_o also_o they_o have_v mine_n of_o coal_n which_o be_v like_o those_o in_o europe_n there_o be_v also_o in_o divers_a place_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n a_o certain_a sort_n of_o lime_n which_o they_o press_v from_o the_o bark_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v tough_a and_o stick_v like_o pitch_n of_o this_o which_o i_o suppose_v i_o may_v call_v a_o gum_n they_o make_v a_o certain_a sort_n of_o paint_n wherewith_o they_o colour_v all_o their_o ship_n house_n and_o householdstuff_n which_o make_v they_o to_o shine_v like_o glass_n and_o
whatsoever_o they_o find_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n no_o place_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v they_o only_o the_o rich_a and_o famous_a city_n of_o jangcheu_fw-la make_v some_o considerable_a resistance_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o sally_n among_o who_o be_v a_o son_n of_o one_o of_o their_o petty_a king_n this_o city_n be_v command_v by_o one_o zuus_fw-la colaus_n place_v there_o by_o the_o new_a emperor_n to_o who_o he_o prove_v very_o faithful_a for_o he_o defend_v the_o place_n wherein_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o the_o very_a last_o yet_o have_v endure_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a siege_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o relief_n the_o provision_n also_o be_v all_o spend_v he_o be_v force_v to_o deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v all_o as_o well_o the_o soldier_n as_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n plunder_v the_o city_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n the_o tartar_n hereupon_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o chinese_n commander_n go_v over_o to_o they_o and_o be_v either_o continue_v in_o their_o present_a employment_n or_o else_o prefer_v to_o better_a which_o friendly_a and_o favourable_a treat_v such_o officer_n and_o city_n as_o come_v voluntary_o and_o without_o force_n over_o to_o they_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n inflict_v such_o great_a severity_n and_o cruelty_n on_o such_o as_o make_v opposition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o most_o of_o the_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n submit_v themselves_o to_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n and_o misusage_n which_o they_o shall_v otherwise_o undergo_v by_o make_v opposition_n have_v subdue_v these_o place_n the_o next_o thing_n they_o undertake_v be_v against_o the_o city_n of_o nank_v former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n a_o stately_a city_n lie_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n into_o the_o southern_a and_o northern_a division_n and_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o better_a to_o accomplish_v their_o design_n and_o to_o get_v the_o new_a emperor_n into_o their_o hand_n who_o they_o know_v be_v in_o this_o place_n the_o tartar_n provide_v beforehand_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n to_o transport_v they_o over_o the_o river_n but_o the_o chinese_n have_v likewise_o a_o considerable_a fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o valiant_a prince_n hoangchoang_v endeavour_v to_o hinder_v their_o passage_n the_o tartar_n in_o their_o boat_n fall_v upon_o the_o chinese_n fleet_n with_o great_a fury_n which_o be_v as_o manful_o receive_v and_o maintain_v the_o fight_n so_o that_o both_o side_n fight_v valiant_o but_o at_o last_o the_o tartar_n be_v vanquish_v and_o total_o rout_v with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o men._n but_o fortune_n never_o constant_a but_o in_o her_o inconstancy_n do_v not_o long_o favour_v this_o brave_a general_n for_o a_o while_n after_o he_o be_v most_o treacherous_o kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n a_o traitor_n who_o have_v long_o before_o be_v hire_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o perpetrate_v this_o villainy_n one_o thienus_n a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n who_o from_o his_o very_a childhood_n have_v serve_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o as_o this_o act_n in_o itself_o be_v direful_a so_o the_o event_n that_o follow_v have_v a_o like_a miserable_a issue_n for_o through_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o this_o excellent_a commander_n the_o chinese_n affair_n begin_v infinite_o to_o decline_v and_o the_o whole_a empire_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o traitor_n thienus_n not_o satisfy_v in_o have_v commit_v this_o foul_a action_n but_o resolve_v to_o add_v villainy_n to_o villainy_n fly_v with_o his_o man_n into_o nank_v under_o colour_n of_o perform_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o faithful_a officer_n but_o in_o truth_n with_o hope_n to_o effect_v some_o other_o treason_n as_o he_o afterward_o do_v for_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a general_n be_v persuade_v by_o this_o thienus_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v get_v over_o the_o river_n with_o their_o army_n understand_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v flee_v they_o send_v great_a party_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o who_o the_o traitor_n be_v present_a see_v approach_n command_v his_o man_n to_o seize_v he_o and_o then_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n in_o july_n 1645._o who_o now_o have_v obtain_v what_o they_o aim_v at_o do_v not_o present_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o carry_v he_o about_o in_o triumph_n and_o at_o length_n bring_v he_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n there_o strangle_v he_o with_o a_o bowstring_n which_o manner_n of_o death_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n and_o thus_o the_o emperor_n hungquang_n come_v to_o his_o end_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o complete_a year_n then_o they_o cause_v the_o youth_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o zungchinius_n and_o who_o they_o find_v in_o prison_n to_o be_v also_o strangle_v and_o not_o only_o these_o but_o all_o other_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n through_o all_o asia_n that_o when_o a_o kingdom_n be_v take_v from_o another_o all_o the_o kindred_n of_o that_o king_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o conqueror_n these_o thing_n thus_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o tartar_n army_n fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v and_o take_v the_o same_o without_o any_o resistance_n or_o so_o much_o as_o â—_o blow_v give_v and_o out_o of_o a_o innate_a hatred_n turn_v the_o imperial_a palace_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n court_n and_o also_o their_o tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n into_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n yet_o never_o offer_v any_o hurt_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n house_n march_v thence_o they_o reduce_v all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o province_n without_o any_o opposition_n they_o free_o submit_v to_o avoid_v their_o cruelty_n this_o province_n thus_o settle_v part_n of_o their_o army_n be_v send_v for_o hangcheu_fw-la the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o chekiang_n and_o the_o other_o part_n march_v over_o the_o river_n kiang_n to_o subdue_v the_o southern_a country_n as_o kiangsi_n huquang_n and_o quantung_v about_o this_o city_n be_v get_v together_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o chinese_n army_n that_o have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n where_o they_o be_v about_o to_o choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n call_v lovangus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n but_o he_o earnest_o refuse_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o dignity_n be_v content_v with_o the_o kingly_a title_n say_v that_o when_o the_o tartar_n be_v beat_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o china_n than_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o it_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o continue_v three_o day_n but_o he_o see_v the_o tartar_n come_v to_o fight_n with_o he_o and_o to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o not_o fright_v therewith_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n encourage_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o manly_a resistance_n which_o they_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o faithful_o perform_v behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a valour_n and_o fidelity_n till_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o be_v overpower_v by_o hunger_n whereupon_o lovangus_n who_o have_v not_o his_o fellow_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o civility_n and_o a_o passionate_a affection_n to_o his_o subject_n go_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o entreat_v the_o tartar_n general_n upon_o his_o knee_n that_o if_o he_o will_v forgive_v the_o city_n and_o inhabitant_n he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o what_o he_o will_v for_o he_o will_v willing_o offer_v up_o himself_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o his_o subject_n safety_n which_o say_v he_o forthwith_o deliver_v himself_o free_o over_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n yet_o be_v enrage_v by_o their_o resistance_n they_o neither_o have_v compassion_n on_o the_o soldier_n nor_o inhabitant_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n who_o can_v not_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n after_o this_o the_o enemy_n take_v the_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la without_o do_v any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o help_n of_o boat_n pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi they_o come_v before_o xaok_v the_o most_o complete_a and_o uniform_a city_n of_o all_o china_n which_o present_o submit_v to_o their_o arm_n without_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v take_v all_o the_o other_o southern_a city_n without_o any_o opposition_n have_v they_o
do_v in_o this_o island_n grow_v the_o leaf_n betel_fw-mi in_o great_a abundance_n much_o in_o request_n among_o the_o javaner_n who_o fetch_v whole_a boats-full_a we_o make_v no_o long_a stay_n here_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o we_o have_v get_v our_o provision_n aboard_o we_o set_v sail_n to_o pursue_v our_o voyage_n and_o on_o the_o 1._o of_o july_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o large_a continent_n leave_v couchinchina_n north_n north-west_n and_o about_o noon_n we_o hâ—d_v the_o height_n of_o 20_o degree_n and_o 6_o minute_n we_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n which_o be_v very_o pleasant_a this_o couchinchina_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gannan_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n country_n that_o be_v situate_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n but_o yet_o belong_v to_o the_o chinese_n for_o under_o this_o gannan_n be_v situate_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tungk_v and_o kianchi_n or_o couchinchina_n both_o which_o be_v former_o call_v nankiao_n the_o emperor_n haionus_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n conquer_v first_o of_o all_o these_o country_n which_o he_o plant_v and_o afterward_o govern_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o chinese_n this_o same_o emperor_n be_v also_o the_o first_o who_o name_v these_o country_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n kiaoch_n but_o afterward_o the_o family_n of_o tanga_n call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o kiaochians_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o chinese_n never_o make_v any_o account_n of_o these_o country_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o chinese_n be_v wild_a and_o uncivil_a in_o their_o conversation_n but_o other_o say_v they_o do_v it_o more_o out_o of_o fear_n because_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n far_o exceed_v they_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n and_o be_v desirous_a rather_o to_o live_v conformable_a to_o their_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o have_v their_o own_o king_n than_o submit_v their_o neck_n under_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o chinese_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 290_o year_n these_o people_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o lash_n of_o the_o emperor_n hunguus_fw-la but_o this_o country_n be_v afterward_o make_v over_o to_o a_o petty_a king_n call_v chin_n who_o soon_o be_v make_v away_o by_o his_o three_o governor_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o ly_n and_o so_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o emperor_n junglos_n observe_v the_o troublesome_a condition_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o cause_v two_o of_o the_o governor_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o the_o three_o escape_v by_o flight_n and_o the_o emperor_n afterward_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n of_o gannam_n into_o a_o province_n but_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o lay_v down_o his_o arm_n but_o the_o fugitive_n lie_n begin_v to_o appear_v again_o in_o the_o field_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o do_v he_o speedy_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pacify_v the_o emperor_n at_o that_o time_n sivanteus_fw-la be_v emperor_n a_o peaceable_a man_n and_o more_o a_o slave_n to_o his_o pleasure_n than_o a_o prince_n of_o his_o country_n this_o emperor_n be_v weary_a of_o all_o these_o mutiny_n and_o trouble_n make_v over_o again_o this_o country_n to_o this_o same_o lie_n and_o install_v he_o as_o a_o petty_a prince_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v to_o he_o every_o three_o year_n a_o ambassador_n with_o great_a present_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n these_o part_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1428._o but_o these_o country_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o grow_v very_o troublesome_a be_v full_a of_o division_n so_o that_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n the_o second_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunk_v and_o the_o three_o couchinchina_n which_o at_o present_a be_v no_o other_o than_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n and_o junnan_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o three_o kingdom_n laos_n tunk_v and_o couchinchina_n follow_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o likewise_o use_v the_o chinese_n character_n but_o yet_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o speech_n and_o pronunciation_n from_o they_o these_o country_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o sustenance_n of_o mankind_n among_o other_o innumerable_a tree_n and_o fruit_n there_o grow_v a_o bean_n which_o make_v a_o oil_n or_o juice_n by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v rosamalia_n from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o in_o great_a abundance_n the_o eagle-wood_n which_o be_v of_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o be_v know_v to_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lacca_n and_o use_v in_o china_n to_o die_v and_o colour_v silk-stuffs_a it_o produce_v likewise_o good_a store_n of_o linen_n silk_n and_o cotton_n among_o other_o sort_n of_o monkey_n here_o be_v also_o find_v one_o call_v singsiing_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v they_o in_o the_o wood_n be_v to_o set_v wine_n before_o they_o with_o which_o they_o be_v fuddle_v fall_v asleep_a and_o so_o be_v take_v nap_v their_o blood_n make_v a_o excellent_a purple_a dye_n upon_o the_o 14._o we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o island_n maccoa_n and_o keep_v we_o by_o the_o height_n of_o 21_o degree_n and_o 10_o minute_n in_o the_o evening_n we_o anchor_v and_o the_o next_o morning_n we_o set_v sail._n we_o see_v lie_v upon_o the_o shore_n several_a boat_n but_o not_o one_o will_v come_v aboard_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o sign_n we_o make_v to_o invite_v they_o so_o wondrous_a fearful_a they_o be_v of_o the_o pirate_n cokese_v they_o who_o at_o that_o time_n hold_v the_o coast_n in_o continual_a alarm_n and_o who_o they_o undoubted_o take_v we_o to_o be_v two_o day_n we_o sail_v under_o this_o island_n thence_o pass_v by_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o wealthy_a city_n of_o maccoa_n maccoa_n and_o though_o we_o come_v not_o near_o it_o yet_o i_o shall_v relate_v what_o i_o have_v understand_v from_o other_o concern_v the_o magnificence_n of_o this_o place_n whereof_o you_o have_v a_o draught_n as_o it_o be_v take_v at_o sea_n sail_v thus_o by_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n under_o the_o island_n of_o goyers_n so_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n opon_n the_o 18._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v about_o sunset_n only_o in_o company_n with_o the_o yacht_v koukerken_fw-mi for_o we_o lose_v the_o yacht_v bloemendael_n in_o the_o storm_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o couchinchina_n which_o come_v not_o till_o 48_o day_n after_o we_o to_o canton_n very_o safe_a into_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n and_o drop_v our_o anchor_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bay_n at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a fathom_n water_n this_o place_n be_v exceed_o pleasant_a and_o most_o commodious_a for_o trade_n on_o the_o water_n side_n delightful_a hill_n and_o dale_n behind_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o annex_v print_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o at_o anchor_n but_o a_o bark_n full_a of_o soldier_n board_v we_o who_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v to_o ask_v the_o occasion_n of_o our_o come_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n send_v hendrick_n baron_n ashore_o to_o acquaint_v he_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n with_o the_o occasion_n of_o our_o arrival_n who_o when_o he_o come_v on_o shore_n be_v conduct_v into_o his_o bedchamber_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v very_o courteous_o and_o treat_v by_o he_o who_o ask_v why_o the_o hollander_n do_v return_v and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o about_o two_o year_n since_o express_o forbid_v to_o come_v to_o canton_n six_o day_n after_o on_o the_o 24._o come_v two_o mandorin_n from_o canton_n to_o view_v the_o credential_n they_o bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n they_o send_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o the_o governor_n house_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n make_v up_o the_o river_n and_o come_v about_o noon_n to_o the_o village_n of_o lamme_n where_o they_o go_v ashore_o and_o be_v from_o thence_o conduct_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n to_o the_o governor_n palace_n at_o their_o entry_n they_o find_v the_o governor_n sit_v at_o a_o high_a table_n in_o the_o hall_n betwixt_o the_o two_o mandorin_n guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o civil_o treat_v we_o and_o be_v serviceable_a unto_o we_o after_o compliment_n pass_v the_o ambassador_n show_v their_o credential_n at_o a_o distance_n against_o which_o the_o mandorin_n have_v nothing_o to_o object_n and_o then_o chair_n be_v set_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o sit_v down_o which_o be_v do_v the_o mandorin_n and_o governor_n begin_v to_o ask_v
do_v so_o close_o as_o they_o suppose_v they_o present_o imagine_v they_o have_v weather_v the_o point_n and_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n but_o they_o be_v not_o a_o little_a disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n for_o his_o son_n who_o like_o his_o father_n be_v of_o a_o princely_a and_o warlike_a spirit_n be_v substitute_v in_o his_o place_n as_o soon_o as_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n and_o at_o peace_n with_o his_o neighbour_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o invade_v china_n in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n death_n the_o chief_a grandee_n and_o councillor_n of_o his_o kingdom_n encourage_v he_o in_o this_o design_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1616_o he_o come_v with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o the_o great_a wall_n of_o partition_n between_o tartary_n and_o china_n with_o hope_n to_o pass_v there_o which_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n for_o after_o a_o sharp_a skirmish_n the_o chineses_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n leave_v to_o the_o young_a king_n a_o free_a passage_n into_o china_n with_o his_o victorious_a army_n with_o which_o he_o first_o fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o leaotunga_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o city_n tuxung_a or_o cayven_v which_o lie_v near_o tartary_n and_o the_o river_n yalous_a the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n begin_v and_o here_o he_o plant_v himself_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o this_o he_o undoubted_o do_v to_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n by_o sea_n in_o case_n the_o chineses_n shall_v have_v fall_v upon_o he_o and_o block_v he_o up_o and_o so_o have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o passage_n from_o get_v back_o again_o but_o if_o he_o be_v able_a to_o make_v good_a and_o stand_v his_o ground_n than_o he_o foresee_v it_o lie_v covenient_o for_o he_o to_o receive_v succour_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o from_o other_o his_o ally_n whereby_o with_o continual_a reinforcing_n he_o shall_v be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o overrun_v that_o empire_n which_o he_o have_v already_o conquer_v in_o his_o eye_n thus_o we_o see_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n safe_o get_v with_o his_o army_n into_o his_o enemie_n country_n where_o have_v pitch_v and_o fortify_v himself_o as_o aforementioned_a he_o begin_v to_o consult_v with_o himself_o of_o his_o undertake_n when_o consider_v what_o a_o small_a force_n he_o have_v to_o conquer_v so_o powerful_a a_o empire_n and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o may_v be_v easy_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o force_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o peking_n and_o destroy_v before_o he_o can_v be_v well_o secure_v he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o add_v the_o fox_n tail_n to_o the_o lion_n skin_n and_o so_o resolve_v to_o send_v a_o civil_a letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o wretched_a and_o inhuman_a murder_n commit_v upon_o his_o father_n to_o lay_v open_a the_o deceitful_a carriage_n of_o his_o governor_n in_o many_o particular_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o misusage_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o their_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o like_a he_o likewise_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o harbour_v a_o hard_a opinion_n but_o pass_v a_o just_a censure_n upon_o his_o action_n and_o undertake_n and_o cause_v condign_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o his_o governor_n last_o of_o all_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v quit_v he_o the_o yearly_a tax_n which_o he_o pay_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o war_n and_o upon_o performance_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o promise_v to_o quit_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o to_o retreat_v with_o his_o army_n beyond_o the_o wall_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n shall_v be_v receive_v and_o treat_v in_o ninche_n as_o friend_n and_o ally_n for_o the_o bearer_n of_o this_o letter_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n to_o make_v it_o the_o more_o acceptable_a and_o effectual_a choose_v a_o certain_a priest_n who_o the_o tartar_n call_v lama_n with_o command_n to_o deliver_v the_o same_o in_o a_o most_o submissive_a manner_n and_o serious_o to_o lay_v before_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n the_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v like_a to_o be_v spill_v if_o not_o timely_o prevent_v by_o a_o friendly_a accommodation_n between_o they_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n to_o who_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n send_v this_o civil_a letter_n though_o in_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o prudent_a prince_n yet_o in_o this_o business_n whether_o through_o his_o great_a age_n he_o begin_v to_o dote_v or_o that_o the_o greatness_n of_o hiâ—_n power_n and_o state_n have_v stupefy_v his_o brain_n show_v not_o his_o wont_a prudence_n and_o conduct_n for_o as_o he_o can_v not_o but_o very_o well_o understand_v by_o the_o content_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v ground_v upon_o weighty_a reason_n and_o not_o without_o great_a cause_n yet_o he_o take_v the_o business_n so_o little_a to_o heart_n and_o judge_v it_o of_o so_o small_a consequence_n as_o not_o worthy_a to_o be_v debate_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o so_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o some_o of_o the_o council_n or_o rather_o true_o to_o some_o of_o his_o governor_n and_o commander_n who_o have_v labour_v all_o they_o can_v at_o court_n that_o it_o may_v be_v transmit_v to_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v show_v their_o pride_n in_o not_o answer_v the_o letter_n of_o a_o tartar_n king_n for_o to_o that_o height_n be_v their_o insufferable_a arrogance_n grow_v that_o they_o think_v it_o a_o undervalue_v to_o their_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n to_o return_v any_o answer_n unto_o it_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o signify_v their_o high_a displeasure_n that_o people_n subject_n unto_o they_o and_o who_o pay_v tax_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o come_v and_o complain_v of_o injury_n unto_o he_o nor_o cease_v they_o here_o but_o mock_v and_o revile_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n with_o bitter_a word_n never_o consider_v that_o great_a army_n wherewith_o he_o have_v invade_v their_o empire_n or_o so_o much_o as_o gather_v any_o force_n together_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o tartar_a king_n find_v himself_o thus_o slight_v and_o scorn_v change_v his_o anger_n into_o madness_n burst_v out_o into_o curse_v and_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o death_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o chineses_n for_o as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o tartar_n that_o when_o any_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o dead_a they_o fling_v into_o the_o funeral_n fire_n where_o the_o decease_a be_v burn_v some_o men-servant_n woman_n horse_n bow_n and_o arrow_n as_o if_o the_o dead_a stand_v in_o need_n of_o these_o thing_n hereafter_o and_o here_o the_o vow_n of_o the_o king_n signify_v that_o so_o many_o thousand_o shall_v attend_v his_o father_n funeral_n but_o they_o have_v very_o much_o leave_v this_o barbarous_a cruelty_n since_o their_o conquest_n of_o china_n insomuch_o that_o they_o now_o there_o bury_v their_o dead_a after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n without_o burn_v though_o in_o their_o own_o country_n perhaps_o they_o observe_v still_o the_o same_o ceremony_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v thus_o incense_v march_v forward_o with_o his_o force_n immediate_o and_o sudden_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n laoyang_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o soldier_n within_o it_o all_o well_o arm_v with_o musket_n whereas_o the_o tartar_n use_v nothing_o but_o zable_n bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o prevention_n therefore_o of_o the_o slaughter_n by_o bullet_n which_o the_o tartar_n be_v very_o fearful_a of_o for_o this_o sort_n of_o arm_n be_v then_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o they_o they_o invent_v a_o stratagem_n which_o may_v render_v the_o shoot_n of_o bullet_n ineffectual_a unto_o the_o chineses_n which_o be_v this_o their_o king_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thick_a plank_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a and_o cause_v each_o foot-soldier_n that_o march_v in_o the_o van_n to_o carry_v one_o wherewith_o he_o secure_v both_o himself_o and_o the_o horse_n that_o follow_v behind_o be_v thus_o provide_v have_v lie_v a_o while_n before_o the_o city_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v unwilling_a to_o yield_v it_o be_v conclude_v to_o storm_n the_o place_n to_o this_o end_n the_o king_n divide_v his_o force_n into_o four_o division_n to_o storm_n the_o city_n in_o four_o place_n at_o once_o he_o command_v the_o foot_n to_o march_v with_o their_o beforementioned_a plank_n in_o the_o front_n next_o to_o they_o the_o worst_a
first_o recruit_v themselves_o for_o they_o find_v all_o the_o frontier_n town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n well_o fortify_v and_o guard_v among_o all_o other_o chinese_n commander_n who_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o show_v their_o courage_n in_o their_o country_n behalf_n against_o the_o enemy_n be_v one_o maovenlung_v who_o do_v very_o great_a execution_n upon_o they_o in_o several_a encounter_n he_o be_v a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n where_o he_o have_v learn_v and_o understand_v in_o his_o conversation_n among_o the_o portuguese_a at_o macao_n several_a thing_n concern_v their_o military_a discipline_n from_o thence_o he_o have_v likewise_o bring_v with_o he_o several_a great_a gun_n which_o he_o purchase_v out_o of_o a_o netherlands_n ship_n that_o be_v cast_v away_o there_o and_o those_o he_o plant_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v the_o eastern_a part_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n be_v thus_o lose_v in_o this_o new_a make_v chief_a city_n there_o happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o leaotung_n with_o the_o whole_a chinese_n army_n the_o tartar_n have_v many_o time_n have_v trial_n to_o their_o sorrow_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o this_o maovenlung_v have_v often_o be_v rout_v by_o he_o dare_v not_o adventure_v any_o further_a to_o cope_v with_o he_o in_o a_o honourable_a way_n but_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o some_o stratagem_n or_o politic_a device_n whereby_o to_o wound_v the_o integrity_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o brave_a person_n and_o they_o suppose_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o assail_v he_o with_o will_v be_v fair_a word_n and_o high_a promise_n wherefore_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n this_o their_o design_n they_o offer_v he_o by_o a_o private_a letter_n which_o they_o cause_v cunning_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o half_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v desert_v his_o natural_a prince_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n and_o help_v they_o to_o conquer_v the_o empire_n but_o maovenlung_v who_o will_v neither_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n nor_o oath_n courageous_o refuse_v these_o high_a offer_n and_o return_v for_o answer_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o lose_v his_o life_n than_o betray_v his_o prince_n and_o country_n the_o tartar_n find_v that_o this_o plot_n of_o they_o will_v take_v no_o effect_n and_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v well_o provide_v against_o their_o come_n resolve_v to_o desist_v and_o to_o make_v no_o further_o progress_n in_o the_o present_a war_n which_o whole_o cease_v till_o the_o year_n 1625._o when_o sudden_o it_o break_v forth_o again_o they_o come_v and_o besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v this_o great_o startle_v the_o chineses_n who_o think_v they_o have_v overcome_v the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n but_o maovenlung_n come_v time_n enough_o to_o the_o rescue_n and_o relief_n of_o this_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n among_o who_o fall_v the_o king_n be_v own_o son_n who_o death_n be_v so_o high_o resent_v by_o the_o survive_a tartar_n that_o they_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n and_o madness_n make_v over_o the_o ice_n for_o it_o be_v in_o winter_n and_o get_v into_o the_o island_n of_o theyoven_n whereof_o they_o quick_o make_v themselves_o master_v they_o put_v every_o live_a creature_n they_o find_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a number_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o young_a prince_n which_o have_v do_v they_o immediate_o leave_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o retreat_v into_o their_o own_o country_n not_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o be_v quiet_a but_o only_o to_o recruit_v themselves_o with_o more_o force_n and_o then_o to_o return_v again_o at_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o hereupon_o follow_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o year_n 1627._o when_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n thienkius_n happen_v to_o die_v be_v but_o a_o young_a man_n who_o death_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o china_n although_o the_o tartar_n king_n of_o ninche_n call_v thienning_n who_o have_v destroy_v so_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v but_o as_o a_o attendant_n on_o his_o corpse_n die_v the_o same_o year_n thienkius_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n and_o at_o length_n through_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v both_o a_o unfortunate_a reign_n and_o death_n as_o by_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o history_n will_v appear_v the_o tartar_a king_n thienning_n have_v for_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o throne_n his_o son_n thientung_v who_o quick_o change_v the_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n and_o custom_n use_v by_o his_o tyrannize_a father_n insomuch_o that_o he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o chineses_n so_o fierce_o but_o begin_v to_o treat_v they_o with_o more_o civility_n which_o produce_v a_o very_a great_a change_n and_o cause_v all_o his_o affair_n to_o become_v more_o acceptable_a and_o certain_o this_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n have_v effect_v great_a thing_n have_v he_o not_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o a_o untimely_a death_n his_o mildness_n have_v get_v so_o great_a renown_n withal_o that_o the_o council_n who_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o he_o think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o the_o change_n and_o withal_o learn_v from_o he_o by_o example_n that_o the_o chineses_n will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v and_o bring_v under_o their_o government_n by_o clemency_n and_o civility_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o this_o year_n 1627._o the_o commander_n and_o officer_n of_o general_n maovenlung_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v no_o enemy_n to_o encounter_n begin_v much_o to_o molest_v and_o be_v injurious_a to_o their_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o coreâ—_n by_o make_v inroad_n and_o incursion_n upon_o they_o nay_o by_o degree_n they_o grow_v so_o very_o insolent_a and_o troublesome_a to_o all_o part_n adjoin_v to_o their_o quarter_n especial_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o hienkien_n who_o be_v so_o intolerable_o oppress_v by_o their_o rapine_n that_o out_o of_o revenge_n and_o hatred_n they_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o tartar_n advise_v he_o to_o re-invade_a and_o fall_v into_o china_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n which_o he_o not_o willing_a to_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n immediate_o do_v so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o assail_v the_o chinese_n force_n before_o they_o have_v any_o thought_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o when_o they_o least_o dream_v of_o their_o come_n who_o by_o this_o mean_n lie_v careless_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o province_n be_v soon_o destroy_v maovenlung_v however_o rally_v and_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o new_a levy_n and_o recruit_n be_v grow_v into_o a_o strong_a body_n he_o fight_v several_a doubtful_a battle_n with_o the_o tartar_n but_o they_o at_o last_o grow_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o strength_n and_o number_n maovenlung_v the_o chinese_n general_n be_v constrain_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n with_o the_o gross_a of_o his_o army_n yet_o neither_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o army_n nor_o greatness_n of_o the_o victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o tartar_n do_v make_v any_o great_a impression_n upon_o the_o chinese_n nor_o indeed_o be_v they_o trouble_v at_o it_o when_o they_o understand_v that_o their_o general_n have_v save_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o corea_n but_o the_o ninchean_a commander_n imagine_v that_o those_o of_o that_o place_n have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o help_v to_o convey_v the_o general_n maovenlung_v away_o with_o their_o army_n fall_v into_o it_o plunder_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o ruine_v the_o country_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n this_o act_n be_v high_o disapprove_v of_o by_o the_o tartar_n king_n himself_o because_o it_o stir_v up_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n to_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o chinese_n which_o maovenlung_v have_v be_v gather_v together_o and_o with_o they_o be_v march_v towards_o corea_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o tartar_n the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o inhumane_o and_o without_o reason_n turn_v their_o arm_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o corea_n be_v set_v forward_o with_o their_o army_n against_o the_o royal_a city_n thereof_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o mountain_n through_o which_o the_o way_n run_v to_o the_o city_n be_v about_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o same_o here_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n in_o the_o narrow_a way_n have_v pitch_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o the_o tartar_n be_v eager_a to_o
this_o confederacy_n against_o licungzus_n be_v not_o so_o private_o carry_v but_o he_o have_v intelligence_n thereof_o but_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o join_v but_o upon_o their_o march_n against_o he_o it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o robber_n that_o he_o present_o quit_v the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n not_o dare_v to_o stay_v or_o abide_v their_o come_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la for_o safety_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o be_v of_o value_n and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o sigan_n former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o treasure_n that_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o peking_n by_o this_o fly_a tyrant_n and_o his_o follower_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n be_v spend_v whole_o about_o load_v of_o wagon_n and_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o they_o leave_v great_a store_n of_o riches_n behind_o they_o be_v surprise_v with_o fear_n at_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o infinite_a riches_n of_o gold_n silver_n jewel_n and_o costly_a furniture_n which_o sixteen_o emperor_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n have_v be_v scrape_v together_o for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o year_n destroy_v and_o carry_v away_o but_o he_o have_v not_o yet_o get_v into_o harbour_n with_o his_o booty_n for_o in_o his_o flight_n he_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o the_o tartar_n who_o recover_v from_o he_o all_o that_o mass_n of_o wealth_n which_o he_o have_v so_o traitorous_o steal_v and_o then_o march_v direct_o to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n without_o make_v any_o resistance_n set_v open_v the_o gate_n and_o give_v they_o free_a entrance_n and_o thus_o at_o length_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o tartar_n become_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n for_o which_o they_o have_v wage_v war_n and_o fight_v so_o many_o bloody_a battle_n for_o many_o age_n and_o although_o at_o this_o time_n which_o be_v at_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n the_o tartar_n king_n zungteus_n happen_v to_o die_v yet_o which_o be_v very_o observable_a they_o be_v not_o thereby_o deter_v from_o pursue_v their_o design_v conquest_n but_o endeavour_v both_o by_o cunning_a and_o policy_n to_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chineses_n to_o affect_v they_o for_o though_o the_o death_n of_o zungteus_n give_v a_o little_a check_n to_o their_o affair_n yet_o through_o his_o good_a conduct_n while_o he_o live_v he_o have_v open_v such_o a_o way_n for_o they_o that_o they_o easy_o see_v in_o what_o method_n to_o proceed_v for_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n who_o be_v but_o six_o year_n old_a who_o he_o declare_v his_o successor_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n enjoin_v and_o conjure_v his_o own_o brother_n prudent_o to_o supervise_v and_o govern_v the_o great_a transaction_n of_o his_o dominion_n during_o his_o minority_n the_o elder_a of_o these_o brother_n have_v the_o great_a hand_n in_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n which_o he_o most_o faithful_o perform_v effect_v very_o great_a thing_n the_o robber_n licungzus_n be_v thus_o expel_v from_o his_o usurpation_n usanguejus_n endeavour_v to_o settle_v again_o in_o the_o throne_n the_o next_o heir_n of_o the_o family_n and_o race_n of_o taiminga_n and_o with_o the_o more_o applause_n to_o effect_v it_o he_o return_v his_o hearty_a thanks_o to_o the_o tartar_n for_o their_o faithful_a assistance_n and_o service_n high_o commend_v their_o courage_n show_v in_o drive_v out_o the_o robber_n after_o this_o compliment_n perform_v he_o proffer_v they_o the_o promise_v present_n with_o request_n that_o upon_o receive_v the_o same_o they_o will_v depart_v out_o of_o china_n and_o for_o the_o future_a forget_v the_o old_a injury_n which_o they_o have_v now_o sufficient_o revenge_v but_o usanguejus_n receive_v from_o they_o a_o answer_v quite_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n which_o they_o have_v long_o since_o in_o their_o thought_n frame_v in_o these_o word_n it_o seem_v to_o we_o although_o perhaps_o you_o shall_v judge_v it_o otherwise_o as_o yet_o too_o soon_o for_o you_o to_o part_v with_o we_o china_n be_v not_o yet_o free_a from_o arm_a thief_n but_o still_o too_o much_o overrun_v with_o they_o you_o may_v easy_o imagine_v how_o great_a a_o danger_n be_v still_o imminent_a over_o your_o head_n in_o regard_n the_o grand_a robber_n licungzus_n have_v settle_v himself_o in_o sigan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la we_o have_v new_o strike_v a_o fear_n and_o terror_n into_o he_o but_o if_o he_o be_v once_o inform_v of_o our_o departure_n he_o will_v soon_o re-invade_a the_o throne_n with_o fresh_a force_n and_o re-conqu_a the_o whole_a and_o then_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n that_o will_v be_v between_o we_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o come_v timely_a enough_o to_o your_o assistance_n wherefore_o we_o judge_v it_o better_o for_o we_o now_o we_o be_v here_o and_o before_o our_o departure_n whole_o to_o destroy_v these_o plunderer_n and_o then_o all_o be_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n your_o new_a choose_a prince_n for_o the_o future_a will_v be_v free_v from_o any_o new_a trouble_n as_o to_o your_o promise_n never_o think_v of_o they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o well_o perform_v by_o you_o as_o by_o we_o but_o if_o your_o intention_n aim_v at_o the_o public_a good_a march_v with_o a_o potent_a army_n against_o licungzus_n and_o force_v he_o to_o leave_v that_o city_n while_o we_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n will_v endeavour_v to_o drive_v the_o other_o robber_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o the_o whole_a empire_n will_v be_v settle_v in_o peace_n usanguejus_n who_o either_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o craftiness_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o else_o dissemble_v his_o knowledge_n on_o purpose_n at_o present_a not_o to_o provoke_v he_o agree_v at_o last_o to_o his_o proposal_n and_o permit_v he_o with_o his_o force_n to_o continue_v in_o china_n but_o the_o tartar_n in_o pursuance_n of_o their_o long_a intend_a design_n before_o they_o begin_v their_o march_n at_o the_o request_n of_o usanguejus_n with_o their_o army_n into_o china_n to_o drive_v out_o licungzus_n have_v send_v into_o their_o own_o country_n to_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n with_o all_o speed_n for_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o yet_o the_o better_a to_o palliate_v their_o practice_n they_o use_v no_o force_n against_o the_o chinese_n but_o keep_v they_o in_o hand_n with_o kind_n and_o crafty_a language_n till_o they_o have_v get_v their_o force_n out_o of_o tartary_n who_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o young_a king_n of_o six_o year_n old_a call_v xunteus_fw-la whereby_o they_o first_o give_v to_o understand_v that_o they_o aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v their_o new-raised_a potent_a army_n arrive_v but_o they_o proclaim_v this_o young_a child_n emperor_n of_o china_n give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o xunchi_n and_o entitle_v his_o race_n taicung_n this_o child_n who_o yet_o live_v and_o reign_v in_o china_n and_o be_v now_o about_o twenty_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v place_v with_o great_a majesty_n in_o the_o ancient_a imperial_a throne_n through_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o his_o uncle_n and_o near_a relation_n who_o prove_v very_o faithful_a to_o he_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o affair_n and_o of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o valour_n civil_a love_a and_o just_a deportment_n that_o they_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o very_a day_n of_o this_o new_a emperor_n instalment_n there_o be_v send_v in_o his_o name_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o uncle_n a_o regiment_n or_o two_o of_o tartar_n to_o usanguejus_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o march_n towards_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la to_o fight_v with_o licungzus_n with_o seal_a letter_n whereby_o he_o be_v constitute_v king_n pingsi_n which_o signify_v a_o pacifier_n of_o the_o west_n the_o chief_a city_n sigan_n order_v to_o be_v his_o court_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v some_o yearly_a tribute_n in_o token_n of_o his_o obedience_n this_o policy_n do_v the_o guardian_n of_o the_o young_a emperor_n use_v to_o satisfy_v and_o gain_v usanguejus_n to_o their_o party_n for_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o he_o have_v in_o china_n be_v sufficient_a to_o embroil_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o involve_v they_o in_o new_a trouble_n usanguejus_n who_o can_v never_o expect_v the_o like_a preferment_n from_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n consider_v that_o all_o the_o last_o emperor_n child_n be_v dead_a and_o see_v the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o march_n
he_o to_o have_v far_o exceed_v in_o virtue_n learning_n and_o integrity_n all_o other_o mortal_n that_o ever_o live_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o certain_o if_o his_o work_n which_o be_v extant_a in_o chinese_n book_n be_v mind_v with_o a_o due_a regard_n man_n must_v acknowledge_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o virtue_n in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n have_v to_o this_o day_n so_o great_a a_o opinion_n of_o his_o name_n that_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v write_v be_v never_o call_v in_o question_n but_o by_o all_o maintain_v for_o good_a have_v gain_v to_o itself_o the_o authority_n of_o ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la in_o the_o school_n and_o not_o only_o the_o learned_a but_o the_o king_n also_o have_v ever_o since_o his_o death_n perpetuate_v his_o memory_n and_o record_v his_o name_n in_o their_o annal_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o the_o virtue_n and_o learning_n they_o receive_v from_o he_o and_o such_o of_o his_o posterity_n as_o 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and_o constellation_n therein_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o we_o of_o europe_n have_v add_v to_o their_o number_n more_o than_o be_v know_v to_o the_o most_o critical_a of_o our_o modern_a astronomer_n the_o stargazer_n be_v chief_o employ_v in_o prognosticate_a the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n eclipse_n and_o to_o observe_v the_o various_a course_n of_o the_o planetary_a motion_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v like_o themselves_o and_o brethren_n in_o the_o same_o art_n full_a of_o error_n and_o mistake_v as_o also_o in_o their_o astrological_a observation_n calculate_v of_o nativity_n horary_a question_n or_o the_o like_a concern_v good_a or_o bad_a fortune_n in_o their_o life_n as_o well_o as_o present_a success_n in_o their_o emergent_a occasion_n together_o with_o the_o fruitfulness_n and_o barrenness_n of_o the_o ensue_a year_n for_o they_o take_v it_o as_o a_o main_a article_n of_o their_o belief_n that_o all_o thing_n which_o happen_v here_o upon_o earth_n depend_v upon_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n and_o be_v direct_v and_o order_v by_o the_o various_a signature_n of_o their_o several_a configuration_n of_o this_o fortune-telling_n part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o astrology_n trigautius_n the_o jesuit_n give_v this_o follow_a account_n in_o his_o history_n of_o china_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o china_n have_v strict_o forbid_v this_o kind_n of_o learning_n to_o all_o but_o such_o who_o have_v a_o right_n by_o inheritance_n or_o be_v otherwise_o appoint_v and_o choose_v thereunto_o and_o this_o prohibition_n at_o first_o spring_v from_o fear_n lest_o any_o have_v obtain_v to_o the_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o that_o art_n shall_v by_o pretence_n thereof_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o erect_v any_o novelty_n in_o the_o empire_n yet_o that_o the_o art_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o same_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v utter_o lose_v or_o neglect_v the_o say_a emperor_n maintain_v several_a stargazer_n at_o a_o very_a great_a charge_n for_o his_o own_o use_n and_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n namely_o the_o celubden_n who_o live_v within_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o imperial_a magistrate_n who_o live_v without_o both_o these_o have_v at_o present_a at_o peking_n two_o bench_n the_o one_o entitle_v the_o bench_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o be_v employ_v about_o make_v of_o almanac_n and_o prognostication_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n eclipse_n the_o other_o be_v of_o the_o saracener_n who_o study_n tend_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o be_v methodise_v according_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o western_a astrology_n after_o a_o time_n the_o judgement_n of_o both_o these_o bench_n be_v compare_v together_o and_o any_o difference_n or_o mistake_n of_o either_o or_o both_o be_v then_o rectify_v both_o these_o society_n have_v a_o convenient_a mansion_n provide_v for_o they_o upon_o a_o very_a high_a hill_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o view_v the_o star_n and_o raise_v observation_n from_o the_o same_o several_a old_a astrological_a instrument_n make_v of_o copper_n or_o brass_n be_v keep_v in_o this_o place_n every_o night_n one_o of_o the_o profession_n remain_v here_o to_o observe_v whether_o any_o new_a star_n appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n which_o might_n foretell_v some_o novelty_n and_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n happen_v he_o immediate_o give_v notice_n thereof_o to_o the_o society_n and_o they_o communicate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o emperor_n and_o consult_v with_o he_o what_o it_o may_v portend_v and_o how_o relate_v to_o good_a or_o evil_n and_o this_o be_v the_o office_n or_o duty_n of_o the_o astrologer_n at_o peking_n as_o to_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n they_o be_v very_o expert_a therein_o and_o their_o rule_n of_o art_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o those_o of_o our_o european_a physician_n for_o first_o they_o feel_v the_o pulse_n like_o they_o and_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o discover_v by_o the_o same_o the_o inward_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n in_o each_o hand_n they_o take_v notice_n of_o six_o distinct_a beat_n of_o the_o same_o namely_o three_o high_a and_o three_o low_a which_o as_o they_o conceive_v have_v some_o secret_a coherence_n with_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o that_o of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o second_o to_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o the_o three_o to_o the_o stomach_n of_o the_o four_o to_o the_o spleen_n of_o the_o five_o to_o the_o reins_o etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o that_o they_o may_v with_o the_o great_a certainty_n of_o judgement_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n they_o be_v at_o least_o half_a a_o hour_n in_o feel_v the_o pulse_n of_o the_o sick_a person_n when_o by_o the_o pulse_n they_o have_v find_v out_o the_o distemper_n then_o in_o order_n to_o the_o cure_n of_o the_o patient_n they_o apply_v and_o make_v use_n of_o several_a simple_n and_o root_n to_o say_v the_o truth_n they_o be_v general_o very_o well_o experience_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o several_a virtue_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o herb_n grow_v among_o they_o and_o this_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o be_v no_o school_n in_o all_o china_n for_o the_o learning_n of_o physic_n but_o every_o master_n of_o family_n teach_v his_o servant_n and_o true_a it_o be_v that_o although_o in_o both_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o nank_v the_o degree_n of_o doctor_n of_o physic_n be_v not_o grant_v but_o after_o examination_n yet_o this_o degree_n when_o obtain_v do_v advance_v neither_o the_o honour_n or_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o few_o or_o none_o study_v physic_n but_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n because_o the_o very_a profession_n thereof_o which_o be_v so_o honourable_a in_o other_o place_n be_v there_o be_v no_o esteem_n nor_o add_v the_o least_o reputation_n to_o he_o that_o gain_v it_o but_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o with_o such_o as_o study_v philosophy_n for_o whosoever_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o perfection_n thereof_o be_v by_o they_o account_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o humane_a happiness_n attainable_a in_o this_o world_n the_o abovementioned_a confutius_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n have_v collect_v into_o order_n all_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_n in_o that_o kind_n and_o contract_v they_o into_o four_o great_a book_n to_o which_o he_o add_v a_o five_o of_o his_o own_o in_o which_o volume_n be_v teach_v rule_v oeconomical_a and_o political_a as_o well_o the_o way_n to_o live_v as_o to_o govern_v well_o as_o also_o the_o ancient_a example_n manner_n offering_n and_o several_a poem_n of_o ancient_a author_n but_o beside_o these_o five_o there_o be_v another_o great_a volume_n write_v by_o some_o of_o the_o disciple_n of_o confutius_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n and_o call_v the_o four_o book_n the_o last_o volume_n thus_o subdivide_v
find_v guilty_a of_o robbery_n he_o be_v brand_v upon_o the_o arm_n with_o a_o hot_a iron_n with_o two_o character_n if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n but_o if_o he_o commit_v the_o like_a fault_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v then_o whip_v and_o banish_v this_o neglect_n of_o punish_v rogue_n for_o steal_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o china_n do_v swarm_v so_o very_a much_o with_o thief_n and_o vagrant_n but_o since_o the_o tartar_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o this_o empire_n they_o have_v with_o great_a prudence_n and_o strictness_n redress_v those_o abuse_n and_o put_v the_o law_n in_o force_n against_o all_o offender_n insomuch_o that_o when_o i_o be_v in_o china_n petty_a offence_n be_v make_v criminal_a for_o he_o that_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o least_o fault_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o sentence_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v his_o hand_n be_v bind_v behind_o he_o with_o a_o board_n upon_o his_o back_n whereon_o be_v write_v his_o offence_n and_o so_o bind_v he_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o sheriff_n into_o a_o open_a place_n according_a to_o custom_n either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o he_o be_v behead_v without_o any_o further_a ceremony_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o be_v pardon_v and_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v they_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o that_o extreme_a severity_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o undergo_v the_o torture_n which_o they_o must_v suffer_v to_o preserve_v their_o life_n which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n two_o lusty_a fellow_n be_v command_v to_o beat_v the_o criminal_a upon_o the_o calf_n of_o his_o leg_n till_o all_o the_o sinew_n and_o nerve_n be_v miserable_o tear_v and_o bruise_v if_o not_o break_v and_o this_o be_v their_o ordinary_a method_n of_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v without_o any_o distinction_n of_o person_n now_o as_o the_o punishment_n be_v severe_a to_o prevent_v all_o disorder_n and_o robbery_n which_o stir_v up_o this_o severity_n there_o be_v strict_a watch_n keep_v every_o night_n in_o the_o street_n which_o go_v the_o round_n through_o the_o city_n at_o certain_a hour_n as_o the_o guard_n 〈◊〉_d use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o best_a govern_v city_n of_o europe_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o ceremony_n and_o manner_n of_o burial_n and_o of_o their_o tomb_n or_o monument_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o chineses_n may_v be_v compare_v in_o many_o thing_n which_o concern_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v with_o the_o philosopher_n and_o virtuoso_n of_o europe_n but_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o thing_n relate_v to_o funeral_n among_o which_o this_o may_v be_v reckon_v the_o first_o that_o those_o of_o europe_n seldom_o think_v of_o their_o mortality_n and_o so_o consequent_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o their_o burial_n while_o they_o be_v live_v but_o the_o chineses_n be_v in_o nothing_o more_o serious_a and_o solicitous_a than_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o interment_n whilst_o they_o live_v and_o be_v in_o perfect_a health_n and_o that_o ignorance_n may_v be_v no_o excuse_n they_o put_v down_o in_o write_v how_o they_o will_v have_v the_o same_o perform_v strict_o charge_v their_o child_n upon_o their_o deathbed_n and_o and_o even_o at_o their_o last_o gasp_n to_o observe_v their_o order_n now_o there_o be_v one_o custom_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n inviolable_o observe_v which_o be_v never_o to_o bury_v any_o one_o without_o a_o coffin_n though_o it_o be_v a_o child_n but_o of_o two_o day_n old_a for_o every_o person_n according_a to_o his_o quality_n be_v lay_v into_o a_o coffin_n make_v of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o wood_n their_o ability_n will_v reach_v to_o but_o person_n of_o more_o eminency_n be_v at_o far_o great_a charge_n for_o a_o rich_a repository_n for_o their_o poor_a carcase_n the_o first_o ceremony_n they_o observe_v when_o they_o perceive_v the_o patient_n to_o lie_v a_o die_a be_v this_o they_o take_v he_o and_o lay_v he_o upon_o a_o mat_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o outward_a hall_n of_o the_o house_n there_o to_o breathe_v his_o last_o and_o this_o custom_n though_o it_o carry_v somewhat_o of_o barbarism_n in_o it_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o commonalty_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o can_v never_o learn_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o diligence_n of_o my_o curious_a and_o pry_a inquiry_n but_o among_o the_o better_a sort_n a_o person_n of_o equal_a quality_n with_o themselves_o be_v suffer_v to_o die_v in_o bed_n another_o fantastic_a humour_n here_o be_v whilst_o the_o sick_a party_n be_v breathe_v forth_o his_o last_o the_o elder_a of_o his_o son_n put_v on_o his_o bonnet_n or_o cap_n and_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n in_o a_o distract_a manner_n tear_v the_o curtain_n and_o cover_v therewith_o the_o dead_a body_n which_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o convenient_a time_n be_v wash_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o wrap_v either_o in_o very_o fine_a linen_n or_o silk_n some_o be_v yet_o more_o extravagant_a and_o will_v dress_v out_o the_o corpse_n with_o new_a clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v embalm_v set_v they_o at_o a_o table_n well_o furnish_v with_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o this_o a_o great_a but_o not_o much_o commendable_a fashion_n among_o the_o grandee_n the_o near_a relation_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v invite_v to_o this_o solemn_a though_o mournful_a entertainment_n who_o entreat_v he_o to_o eat_v and_o be_v merry_a with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o priest_n be_v busy_v in_o sing_v and_o perform_a the_o other_o usual_a ceremony_n as_o to_o the_o mourn_a habit_n it_o differ_v from_o all_o country_n that_o i_o have_v see_v not_o only_o for_o its_o colour_n which_o general_o be_v white_a but_o for_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o it_o for_o son_n when_o they_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o for_o the_o first_o month_n in_o a_o course_n stiff_a habit_n hang_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n and_o tie_v about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o cord_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o franciscan_a order_n but_o although_o they_o lie_v aside_o that_o habit_n then_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o constant_a custom_n for_o child_n to_o mourn_v three_o year_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o reason_n whereof_o they_o allege_v in_o their_o book_n to_o be_v this_o because_o that_o parent_n carry_v their_o child_n for_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o their_o infancy_n in_o their_o arm_n with_o great_a care_n and_o trouble_v and_o therefore_o the_o child_n ought_v to_o requite_v their_o affection_n and_o kindness_n by_o show_v their_o duty_n in_o mourn_v after_o this_o manner_n but_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o other_o friend_n be_v much_o abbreviate_v sometime_o it_o last_v a_o year_n otherwhiles_o but_o three_o month_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v relate_v or_o affect_v to_o one_o another_o the_o legal_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o empress_n be_v former_o three_o year_n and_o this_o outward_a show_n of_o sorrow_n extend_v even_o to_o the_o furthermost_a confine_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o now_o with_o the_o emperor_n consent_n which_o be_v open_o proclaim_v the_o month_n be_v turn_v into_o day_n so_o that_o at_o the_o present_a they_o mourn_v but_o only_o one_o month_n for_o his_o death_n but_o still_o the_o extent_n reach_v over_o all_o his_o dominion_n all_o the_o funeral_n ceremony_n be_v write_v in_o a_o large_a book_n which_o those_o concern_v peruse_v when_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v whereby_o they_o know_v how_o to_o order_v his_o burial_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o nobleman_n be_v dead_a the_o son_n or_o who_o be_v next_o relate_v to_o he_o in_o blood_n signify_v the_o same_o by_o a_o book_n to_o all_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n wherein_o the_o mourn_a be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o usual_a term_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o corpse_n be_v incoffine_v and_o place_v in_o the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n which_o be_v hang_v with_o white_a linen_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v erect_v a_o altar_n whereon_o be_v place_v the_o corpse_n and_o portraiture_n of_o the_o decease_a into_o this_o room_n come_v all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n clad_v in_o mourn_v and_o bring_v incense_n and_o wax-light_n to_o the_o altar_n which_o be_v once_o light_v and_o burn_a they_o tender_v their_o respect_n to_o the_o dead_a in_o bow_v and_o fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n four_o time_n a_o while_n before_o burn_v a_o little_a incense_n over_o against_o the_o coffin_n and_o
night_n with_o light_n and_o catch_v abundance_n of_o they_o near_o the_o city_n fuencheu_o be_v the_o mountain_n vanhu_n which_o be_v repute_v the_o high_a of_o all_o hill_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v to_o it_o because_o ten_o thousand_o people_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o world_n get_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o drown_v near_o to_o tingcheu_fw-la be_v a_o mountain_n call_v kin_n upon_o which_o be_v three_o pool_n which_o turn_v iron_n that_o be_v fling_v into_o they_o into_o copper_n immediate_o there_o be_v several_a other_o strange_a pool_n spring_n and_o well_n to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n some_o whereof_o be_v very_o sovereign_a for_o the_o cure_n of_o several_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n caifung_a in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n lie_v a_o pool_n call_v kinning_n which_o the_o imperial_a race_n of_o sunga_n cause_v to_o be_v dig_v for_o the_o discipline_a and_o train_v up_o seaman_n to_o make_v they_o expert_a in_o sea-fights_a which_o be_v very_o much_o use_v by_o the_o emperor_n taicungus_n this_o pool_n be_v so_o very_o pleasant_a that_o round_o about_o the_o same_o be_v build_v several_a brave_a palace_n of_o the_o grandee_n beside_o divers_a idol-temple_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o chinese_n king_n and_o emperor_n which_o have_v govern_v in_o china_n before_o and_o since_o christ_n birth_n before_o i_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o people_n of_o china_n and_o the_o tartar_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o short_a concern_v the_o genealogy_n of_o the_o king_n and_o emperor_n who_o have_v reign_v there_o before_o and_o since_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n first_o then_o observe_v that_o before_o christ_n birth_n between_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2207._o and_o the_o year_n 2952._o eight_o hundred_o succeed_v one_o another_o in_o the_o government_n of_o that_o empire_n which_o take_v not_o the_o same_o by_o inheritance_n but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o one_o another_o be_v elect_v by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n but_o after_o that_o time_n the_o government_n become_v hereditary_a and_o the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o precede_a king_n succeed_v after_o his_o death_n the_o first_o eight_o elective_a king_n be_v fohius_n xinnungus_n hoangtius_n xaohavus_n chuenhious_a cous_fw-la yaus_fw-la and_o xunus_n all_o the_o transaction_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o eight_o elective_a king_n and_o the_o follow_v imperial_a race_n before_o and_o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o doubt_a but_o firm_o believe_v by_o all_o the_o people_n in_o regard_n the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n be_v faithful_o transfer_v to_o posterity_n by_o the_o then_o chronologer_n for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o constant_a and_o without_o doubt_n a_o most_o laudable_a custom_n among_o they_o that_o the_o new_a emperor_n do_v appoint_v and_o order_v some_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a philosopher_n to_o write_v the_o deed_n and_o action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n at_o large_a without_o fraud_n or_o flattery_n out_o of_o this_o voluminous_a work_n which_o comprehend_v in_o general_a all_o the_o great_a transaction_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o chinese_n for_o ease_n of_o memory_n have_v make_v a_o extract_n or_o epitome_n of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a passage_n but_o as_o to_o what_o pass_v before_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n the_o chineses_n themselves_o be_v very_o doubtful_a because_o the_o book_n of_o those_o time_n be_v full_a of_o ridiculous_a story_n as_o well_o relate_v to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o people_n as_o the_o year_n of_o the_o governor_n for_o according_a to_o the_o fantastic_a belief_n of_o those_o writer_n the_o world_n must_v have_v be_v create_v some_o thousand_o of_o year_n before_o the_o flood_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o life_n and_o action_n of_o these_o eight_o emperor_n i_o shall_v in_o a_o few_o word_n declare_v what_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v feign_v to_o have_v have_v the_o rule_n over_o china_n before_o the_o government_n of_o fohius_n the_o first_o of_o they_o the_o chineses_n feign_v that_o the_o first_o man_n who_o they_o also_o own_o for_o their_o first_o governor_n be_v call_v puoncuus_fw-la and_o have_v his_o original_a out_o of_o a_o confuse_a lump_n as_o out_o of_o a_o egg_n though_o some_o of_o the_o more_o learned_a in_o europe_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o cainan_n or_o kenan_n the_o son_n of_o enos_n be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o with_o his_o follower_n people_v china_n and_o that_o from_o he_o they_o all_o have_v their_o rise_n they_o also_o add_v that_o this_o cainan_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o government_n when_o he_o be_v five_o hundred_o year_n old_a and_o that_o after_o he_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n govern_v those_o country_n and_o inhabitant_n as_o have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v more_o full_o relate_v yet_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o this_o puoncuus_fw-la one_o tienhoangus_fw-la succeed_v in_o the_o government_n of_o who_o time_n a_o certain_a chinese_n historian_n speak_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d that_o time_n the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o degree_n introduce_v good_a manner_n and_o teach_v the_o people_n be_v then_o very_o decible_a civility_n and_o morality_n but_o especial_o when_o the_o great_a dragon_n be_v kill_v which_o have_v molest_v the_o whole_a world_n by_o mingle_v heaven_n and_o earth_n together_o after_o his_o death_n every_o thing_n receive_v a_o more_o illustrious_a form_n and_o dignity_n after_o he_o they_o say_v succeed_v one_o thâ—angus_n who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n distinguish_v the_o day_n and_o night_n by_o name_n and_o order_v every_o month_n to_o consist_v of_o thirty_o day_n when_o he_o be_v decease_v they_o write_v that_o nine_o other_o prince_n succeed_v but_o they_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a both_o of_o their_o name_n and_o action_n after_o these_o nine_o follow_v according_a to_o their_o legend_n ginhoangus_fw-la with_o nine_o more_o of_o his_o family_n he_o divide_v the_o country_n into_o nine_o part_n whereof_o one_o be_v give_v to_o the_o people_n to_o inhabit_v and_o the_o other_o eight_o he_o appoint_v for_o husbandry_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o bring_v the_o people_n who_o at_o first_o as_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v live_v disperse_v to_o bring_v their_o habitation_n near_o together_o though_o yet_o they_o have_v no_o house_n his_o reign_n they_o say_v be_v a_o golden_a age_n for_o the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o fruit_n of_o itself_o without_o much_o labour_n this_o prince_n care_v for_o his_o subject_n with_o more_o than_o a_o fatherly_a love_n who_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n honour_v and_o serve_v he_o as_o dutiful_a child_n obey_v their_o father_n after_o he_o follow_v one_o yeus_n who_o instruct_v the_o people_n that_o have_v long_o live_v in_o holes_n and_o cave_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o make_v hut_n and_o little_a edifice_n of_o wood_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o fury_n of_o wild_a beast_n for_o till_o this_o time_n they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o most_o thing_n useful_a for_o the_o support_n and_o sustenance_n of_o life_n for_o they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o husbandry_n nor_o know_v how_o to_o strike_v fire_n wherewith_o either_o to_o dress_v their_o victual_n â—r_o to_o refresh_v the_o body_n but_o they_o live_v only_o upon_o wild_a herb_n and_o fruit_n and_o devour_v the_o raw_a flesh_n of_o wild_a creature_n and_o drink_v their_o blood_n go_v for_o the_o most_o naked_a or_o at_o the_o best_a wear_v only_o the_o undress_v skin_n of_o some_o wild_a creature_n they_o have_v kill_v about_o some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o yeus_n sujus_fw-la reign_v who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o astrology_n he_o teach_v that_o there_o be_v five_o element_n as_o metal_n wood_n earth_n and_o fire_n which_o last_o he_o observe_v in_o the_o air._n he_o be_v also_o the_o first_o that_o make_v the_o discovery_n of_o fire_n by_o rub_v one_o piece_n of_o wood_n against_o another_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o money_n or_o coin_n either_o silver_n or_o gold_n in_o his_o day_n but_o they_o exchange_v commodity_n for_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o barter_n thus_o far_o their_o hardly-believed_a history_n proceed_v which_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a shall_v be_v no_o task_n for_o i_o to_o discover_v but_o leave_v they_o as_o they_o be_v i_o shall_v return_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n beforementioned_a the_o first_o whereof_o be_v fohius_n who_o the_o chineses_n call_v thiensu_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o heaven_n and_o by_o this_o title_n they_o still_o call_v all_o their_o emperor_n they_o say_v and_o haply_o believe_v it_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n by_o his_o mother_n
without_o a_o father_n for_o as_o she_o be_v walk_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o pool_n which_o run_v through_o the_o city_n lanthien_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la she_o tread_v accidental_o as_o fame_n suggest_v it_o in_o the_o footstep_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v in_o the_o sand_n upon_o which_o be_v immediate_o with_o iris_n or_o the_o rainbow_n she_o prove_v to_o be_v with_o child_n and_o at_o her_o full_a time_n bring_v forth_o this_o fohiu_n in_o that_o province_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n two_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o two_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n and_o reign_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifteen_o year_n this_o emperor_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o most_o upright_o and_o virtuous_a disposition_n very_o well_o skilled_a in_o astrology_n seek_v thereby_o as_o well_o to_o know_v and_o understand_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o star_n as_o to_o be_v fame_v for_o the_o well_o manage_v of_o earthly_a affair_n and_o indeed_o he_o make_v discovery_n of_o several_a thing_n relate_v to_o astrology_n and_o introduce_v very_o good_a law_n whereby_o he_o keep_v his_o subject_n in_o awe_n reduce_v the_o same_o into_o write_v have_v for_o that_o purpose_n invent_v the_o first_o and_o most_o ancient_a chinese_n character_n till_o this_o prince_n time_n there_o be_v in_o china_n among_o the_o man_n and_o woman_n no_o difference_n either_o of_o habit_n or_o manner_n neither_o do_v they_o know_v the_o civilise_a limit_n of_o lawful_a wedlock_n but_o live_v as_o beast_n in_o common_a one_o among_o another_o both_o these_o thing_n he_o reform_v ordain_v the_o sacred_a rite_n of_o marriage_n and_o order_v the_o man_n to_o wear_v their_o clothes_n distinct_a in_o fashion_n from_o those_o of_o the_o woman_n xinnungus_n be_v elect_v emperor_n after_o the_o death_n of_o fohius_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o eminent_a virtue_n and_o reign_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o year_n he_o first_o invent_v the_o use_n of_o the_o plough_n for_o tillage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o teach_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o use_n thereof_o who_o find_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o begin_v to_o manure_v the_o land_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n which_o require_v their_o industry_n with_o a_o plentiful_a crop_n of_o fruit_n for_o the_o better_a sustenance_n of_o life_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o call_v he_o xinnungi_n which_o signify_v the_o ingenious_a husbandman_n he_o be_v also_o a_o diligent_a searcher_n into_o the_o virtue_n of_o all_o herb_n and_o plant_n make_v experiment_n thereof_o upon_o his_o own_o body_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o hundred_o year_n one_o hoangtius_n a_o petty_a king_n his_o neighbour_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o after_o have_v defeat_v and_o kill_v he_o win_v also_o the_o kingdom_n the_o defeat_n be_v receive_v upon_o the_o mountain_n fano_fw-la in_o the_o place_n where_o now_o the_o city_n peking_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o place_n still_o retain_v some_o memory_n of_o that_o war_n it_o be_v as_o they_o say_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o be_v wage_v in_o the_o world_n and_o thus_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n hoangtius_n come_v to_o the_o empire_n who_o nevertheless_o for_o virtue_n goodness_n of_o mind_n and_o comely_a shape_n of_o face_n and_o body_n be_v hardly_o ever_o to_o be_v parallel_v he_o make_v several_a good_a law_n and_o particular_o order_v just_a weight_n and_o measure_n but_o all_o these_o virtue_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n sully_v by_o his_o seem_a tyranny_n for_o he_o always_o keep_v a_o army_n on_o foot_n wherewith_o he_o keep_v the_o rebellious_a in_o awe_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v nothing_o blame-worthy_a in_o he_o but_o this_o and_o his_o treacherous_a fall_n upon_o the_o forego_n emperor_n and_o take_v his_o kingdom_n from_o he_o however_o he_o govern_v very_o prudent_o and_o have_v a_o particular_a care_n of_o the_o welfare_n of_o his_o subject_n one_o testimony_n whereof_o appear_v in_o his_o advancing_z commerce_n which_o hitherto_o have_v be_v hinder_v by_o unpassable_a way_n for_o effect_v whereof_o to_o the_o best_a advantage_n and_o accommodation_n of_o trade_n and_o traveller_n he_o cause_v way_n to_o be_v dig_v through_o hill_n and_o mountain_n by_o the_o same_o mean_n likewise_o enlarge_n the_o territory_n of_o his_o empire_n he_o be_v the_o first_o in_o this_o country_n that_o introduce_v the_o imperial_a crown_n and_o other_o ceremony_n and_o mark_n of_o majesty_n use_v blue_a and_o yellow_a clothes_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o two_o colour_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n he_o invent_v the_o art_n of_o die_v several_a colour_n and_o then_o command_v the_o more_o wealthy_a people_n to_o distinguish_v themselves_o from_o the_o poor_a by_o wear_v apparel_n different_a in_o colour_n where_o rivers_n be_v great_a and_o broad_a for_o the_o better_a and_o more_o easy_a transfretation_n he_o cause_v the_o trunk_n of_o tree_n to_o be_v hollow_v out_o in_o the_o form_n of_o boat_n but_o over_o the_o small_a and_o such_o as_o be_v narrow_a he_o order_v bridge_n to_o be_v make_v and_o find_v that_o difference_n in_o commodity_n hinder_v deal_v for_o promotion_n of_o trade_n he_o order_v brass-money_n to_o be_v coin_v and_o to_o defend_v both_o it_o and_o themselves_o against_o a_o enemy_n he_o not_o only_o find_v out_o the_o invention_n of_o arm_n but_o teach_v his_o subject_n how_o to_o handle_v they_o there_o be_v a_o report_n which_o be_v certain_o strange_a but_o how_o true_a i_o will_v not_o decide_v that_o in_o the_o hall_n of_o his_o palace_n there_o grow_v a_o herb_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o virtue_n that_o if_o a_o unjust_a person_n come_v into_o the_o same_o it_o will_v turn_v and_o bow_v towards_o he_o as_o the_o sun-flower_n do_v to_o the_o sun_n he_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n twenty_o five_o child_n among_o which_o be_v fourteen_o lawful_o beget_v and_o live_v to_o see_v they_o at_o man_n estate_n nay_o which_o be_v more_o they_o report_v 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europe_n nor_o from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a as_o do_v the_o arabian_n and_o hebrew_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n be_v find_v excellent_a ruby_n and_o costly_a pearl_n beside_o other_o precious_a stone_n also_o very_o large_a cattle_n especial_o cow_n which_o exceed_v those_o in_o europe_n for_o bigness_n but_o have_v no_o horn_n the_o western_a part_n of_o this_o country_n be_v very_o full_a of_o rock_n and_o hill_n between_o which_o lie_v most_o fertile_a and_o pleasant_a valley_n and_o fruitful_a field_n the_o big_a mountain_n of_o all_o be_v call_v kin_n which_o signify_v gold_n there_o be_v also_o the_o mountain_n changpe_n which_o reach_v a_o thousand_o miles_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o which_o be_v a_o sealike_a mere_a at_o least_o eighty_o mile_n long_o from_o whence_o two_o river_n take_v their_o rise_n the_o one_o call_v yalo_n run_v to_o the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o guenthung_a take_v its_o course_n to_o the_o north._n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o description_n of_o east-tartary_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n who_o inhabitant_n in_o manner_n aforementioned_a the_o chinese_n emperor_n keep_v in_o awe_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o the_o west-tartar_n which_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tanyn_n the_o same_o emperor_n send_v present_n and_o tribute_n yearly_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o for_o they_o hold_v it_o no_o scandal_n to_o prevent_v a_o war_n by_o that_o mean_n nay_o they_o hold_v it_o altogether_o unlawful_a to_o enter_v into_o a_o war_n so_o long_o as_o the_o country_n can_v be_v keep_v from_o invasion_n by_o any_o other_o mean_n but_o yet_o although_o the_o chineses_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n keep_v under_o their_o enemy_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o on_o the_o other_o buy_v a_o peace_n with_o present_n and_o tribute_n yet_o they_o live_v in_o continual_a fear_n and_o mistrust_n insomuch_o that_o they_o always_o keep_v the_o great_a wall_n which_o divide_v china_n and_o tartary_n strong_o guard_v with_o at_o least_o a_o million_o of_o men._n but_o to_o return_v from_o whence_o we_o have_v digress_v the_o throne_n of_o china_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n be_v by_o the_o same_o enjoy_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n when_o vanticus_fw-la the_o thirteen_o emperor_n a_o just_a prudent_a and_o upright_a prince_n come_v to_o reign_v which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1573_o after_o christ_n birth_n but_o herein_o he_o be_v unfortunate_a that_o he_o as_o most_o prince_n secure_v by_o long_a peace_n trust_v too_o much_o to_o his_o governor_n and_o mandorin_n and_o suffer_v the_o whole_a weight_n of_o his_o affair_n to_o lie_v upon_o their_o shoulder_n during_o this_o time_n the_o tartar_n of_o ninche_n as_o be_v beforementioned_a be_v form_v from_o a_o popular_a government_n into_o a_o monarchy_n in_o the_o year_n 1600._o their_o first_o king_n be_v a_o man_n of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n that_o all_o their_o neighbour_n and_o especial_o the_o chineses_n begin_v to_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o for_o he_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o his_o state_n after_o such_o a_o politic_a and_o prudent_a manner_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o subject_n become_v not_o only_o very_o numerous_a but_o formidable_a for_o strength_n to_o all_o their_o borderer_n and_o be_v sensible_a of_o their_o own_o greatness_n and_o that_o their_o fame_n begin_v to_o grow_v terrible_a they_o begin_v to_o call_v to_o mind_v the_o ancient_a glory_n of_o their_o conquest_n and_o to_o consider_v how_o shameful_o they_o have_v be_v heretofore_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o honourable_a acquisition_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o observe_v likewise_o the_o great_a miscarriage_n and_o neglect_v of_o the_o chinese_n in_o the_o management_n of_o the_o government_n they_o resolve_v upon_o some_o sudden_a and_o great_a undertake_n against_o they_o therefore_o weigh_v with_o themselves_o the_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n they_o lie_v under_o as_o a_o fit_a occasion_n of_o quarrel_n they_o begin_v first_o of_o all_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o same_o and_o to_o refuse_v to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o short_o after_o to_o appear_v in_o their_o true_a colour_n by_o public_o oppose_v the_o authority_n that_o be_v over_o they_o the_o chinese_n governor_n whereof_o the_o most_o in_o leaotung_n the_o province_n border_v near_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n be_v military_a commander_n hear_v of_o this_o conclude_v very_o unadvised_o to_o misuse_v the_o tartar_n in_o the_o most_o cruel_a manner_n thereby_o the_o more_o to_o incite_v they_o to_o war_n so_o hazard_v their_o country_n weal_n for_o their_o private_a hope_v for_o lucre_n for_o by_o the_o war_n they_o think_v to_o have_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o as_o well_o upon_o the_o tartar_n as_o chinese_n these_o indeed_o may_v be_v and_o questionless_a be_v great_a motive_n to_o the_o war_n but_o the_o chief_a reason_n of_o all_o be_v the_o base_a murder_n commit_v by_o they_o upon_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n for_o they_o look_v upon_o he_o with_o a_o envious_a eye_n see_v he_o increase_v his_o kingdom_n so_o very_a much_o in_o power_n and_o strength_n which_o they_o fancy_v will_v be_v at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o employ_v against_o they_o consult_v and_o conspire_v to_o make_v he_o away_o which_o they_o contrive_v and_o in_o a_o most_o barbarous_a manner_n they_o thus_o effect_v they_o come_v one_o day_n upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o visit_n to_o the_o king_n with_o a_o feign_a affection_n who_o not_o have_v the_o least_o suspicion_n of_o their_o wicked_a design_n they_o easy_o surprise_v he_o take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o the_o better_a to_o gloze_v over_o the_o villainy_n give_v out_o that_o he_o die_v sudden_o of_o a_o apoplexy_n this_o
loss_n of_o it_o the_o tartar_n by_o this_o mean_n be_v put_v to_o a_o stand_n have_v enrich_v themselves_o with_o booty_n destroy_v some_o thousand_o of_o poor_a creature_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o burn_v down_o their_o dwelling_n to_o the_o ground_n retreat_v back_o to_o their_o old_a quarter_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n during_o these_o trouble_n the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1620._o after_o who_o death_n his_o son_n taichangus_n a_o valiant_a and_o prudent_a prince_n succeed_v who_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o affair_n in_o a_o short_a time_n give_v sufficient_o to_o understand_v what_o good_a service_n his_o country_n be_v to_o expect_v from_o he_o have_v he_o not_o be_v unfortunate_o cut_v off_o by_o a_o untimely_a death_n in_o the_o four_o month_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o who_o be_v successor_n his_o son_n thienkius_n a_o gallant_a person_n and_o no_o way_n inferior_a to_o his_o father_n for_o virtue_n and_o courage_n this_o monarch_n find_v the_o unsetledness_n and_o danger_n of_o his_o affair_n make_v it_o his_o chief_a concern_v to_o contract_v friendship_n and_o support_v his_o government_n with_o the_o favour_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o neighbour_n for_o he_o have_v take_v notice_n by_o experience_n how_o much_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n have_v suffer_v by_o live_v always_o at_o great_a variance_n with_o the_o tartar_a king_n of_o ninche_n which_o border_v upon_o he_o in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o he_o endeavour_v to_o win_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n who_o have_v former_o send_v to_o his_o grandfather_n a_o supply_n of_o twelve_o thousand_o man_n to_o aid_n and_o assist_v he_o in_o this_o war_n but_o they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v and_o wound_v he_o doubt_v lest_o this_o may_v make_v he_o take_v part_n against_o he_o and_o join_v with_o the_o tartar_n for_o prevention_n whereof_o and_o to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n in_o every_o scruple_n he_o immediate_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o he_o to_o return_v he_o thanks_o for_o those_o great_a succour_n he_o have_v send_v and_o withal_o signify_v his_o extraordinary_a grief_n and_o sorrow_n for_o the_o great_a loss_n which_o have_v fall_v upon_o the_o aforementioned_a aid_n in_o that_o war_n but_o that_o he_o hope_v in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o retaliate_v upon_o the_o enemy_n the_o wrong_n they_o have_v do_v to_o he_o and_o his_o kingdom_n and_o that_o his_o embassy_n may_v be_v the_o more_o grateful_a he_o likewise_o send_v several_a rich_a present_n and_o promise_v he_o his_o assistance_n where_o and_o whensoever_o he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o but_o this_o friendly_a message_n look_v not_o only_o for_o verbal_a return_v for_o it_o be_v design_v as_o a_o motive_n to_o procure_v more_o succour_n from_o he_o which_o without_o doubt_n he_o have_v reason_n to_o endeavour_v in_o regard_n the_o people_n of_o this_o island_n of_o corea_n which_o lie_v very_o near_o to_o japan_n have_v out_o of_o the_o neighbourhood_n far_o great_a strength_n than_o the_o chinese_n and_o now_o crave_v leave_n for_o a_o little_a digression_n which_o may_v not_o be_v impertinent_a in_o regard_n there_o have_v be_v often_o mention_v make_v of_o this_o island_n of_o corea_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o i_o shall_v describe_v the_o same_o in_o short_a and_o all_o that_o be_v worth_a observation_n in_o the_o same_o it_o be_v unto_o this_o day_n doubt_v by_o those_o of_o europe_n whether_o corea_n be_v a_o island_n or_o firm_a land_n but_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o best_a writer_n it_o be_v a_o hang_a island_n surround_v with_o water_n on_o all_o part_n except_o the_o uttermost_a part_n which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n for_o though_o trial_n have_v be_v make_v to_o sail_v round_o about_o yet_o it_o can_v never_o be_v do_v as_o some_o people_n seem_v to_o affirm_v to_o we_o from_o their_o own_o experience_n though_o some_o there_o be_v that_o affirm_v the_o contrary_n but_o this_o error_n proceed_v from_o a_o mistake_n of_o a_o certain_a great_a island_n call_v fungina_fw-la situate_v to_o the_o southward_n of_o it_o to_o be_v corea_n however_o it_o be_v this_o truth_n be_v most_o certain_a that_o all_o the_o chinese_n writer_n affirm_v corea_n to_o be_v firm_a land_n and_o join_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n in_o tartary_n another_o mistake_n may_v arise_v from_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o name_n give_v to_o it_o for_o the_o chineses_n call_v it_o chaosien_n therein_o follow_v the_o japanner_n though_o by_o we_o of_o europe_n it_o be_v call_v corea_n towards_o the_o north_n it_o border_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n on_o the_o north-west_n it_o have_v for_o confine_v the_o river_n yalo_n the_o rest_n be_v surround_v and_o wash_v with_o the_o sea_n the_o whole_a island_n be_v divide_v into_o eight_o province_n or_o county_n the_o middlemost_a and_o account_v the_o first_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o kinki_n wherein_o be_v situate_a the_o chief_a city_n of_o pingiang_n the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n the_o second_o towards_o the_o east_n be_v call_v kiangyven_v but_o heretofore_o gueipe_n the_o three_o situate_v towards_o thâ—_n west_n be_v now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o hoangchui_n but_o be_v former_o call_v châ—â—sien_n the_o name_n at_o this_o day_n proper_a to_o the_o whole_a island_n the_o four_o situate_v â—â—â—ward_o the_o south_n now_o call_v civenlo_n be_v former_o name_v pienhari_n the_o fiâ—th_n also_o southerly_a but_o incline_v to_o the_o east_n be_v call_v kingxan_n the_o six_o towards_o the_o south-west_n be_v change_a the_o seven_o towards_o the_o north-east_n have_v the_o name_n of_o pingan_n in_o these_o county_n be_v several_a populous_a and_o rich_a city_n which_o for_o fashion_n and_o strength_n differ_v very_o little_a from_o those_o in_o china_n and_o build_v for_o the_o most_o part_n foursquare_a the_o country_n be_v very_o well_o people_v throughout_o the_o whole_a have_v but_o one_o form_n of_o government_n not_o at_o all_o differ_v in_o habit_n and_o use_v one_o and_o the_o same_o form_n both_o of_o speech_n and_o write_v their_o religion_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o china_n hold_v the_o transmigration_n of_o the_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o they_o all_o adore_v one_o idol_n call_v fe_o whereof_o i_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a friend_n they_o bury_v not_o till_o three_o year_n be_v full_o elapse_v and_o then_o they_o put_v they_o into_o very_o fine_a coffin_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o chinese_n glue_v up_o so_o very_o close_o that_o no_o scent_n can_v strike_v through_o they_o give_v a_o great_a liberty_n to_o their_o woman_n than_o the_o chinese_n for_o they_o admit_v of_o they_o into_o any_o company_n whereas_o the_o other_o will_v hardly_o suffer_v they_o to_o stir_v abroad_o here_o also_o the_o son_n or_o daughter_n may_v marry_v who_o they_o think_v fit_a without_o ask_v the_o consent_n of_o father_n or_o mother_n which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o civilise_a people_n this_o island_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n necessary_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o life_n especial_o of_o wheat_n and_o rice_n whereof_o there_o be_v twice_o a_o year_n plentiful_a harvest_n here_o also_o be_v make_v several_a sort_n of_o paper_n and_o curious_a pencil_n of_o wolf_n hair_n which_o the_o chineses_n and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n as_o well_o as_o themselves_o use_v in_o write_v here_o grow_v likewise_o the_o root_n guiseng_n and_o as_o be_v report_v be_v several_a gold-mine_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o advantage_n of_o natural_a commodity_n wherewith_o this_o place_n abound_v yet_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o drive_v no_o trade_n with_o any_o other_o foreign_a people_n but_o only_o those_o of_o china_n and_o japan_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o corea_n we_o will_v now_o return_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n the_o chinese_n emperor_n after_o his_o embassy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n to_o prevent_v the_o further_a invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o the_o better_a to_o oppose_v they_o muster_v several_a troop_n raise_v for_o his_o assistance_n out_o of_o the_o fifteen_o province_n or_o kingdom_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o send_v very_o great_a army_n towards_o leaotung_n and_o the_o better_a to_o furnish_v such_o vast_a army_n with_o provision_n he_o cause_v a_o extraordinary_a great_a fleet_n of_o ship_n to_o be_v equip_v in_o the_o famous_a port_n of_o thiencin_n which_o be_v whole_o employ_v to_o carry_v provision_n by_o sea_n from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n for_o their_o supply_n by_o the_o exact_a performance_n and_o observe_v whereof_o they_o have_v no_o want_n of_o any_o
gate_n be_v by_o these_o traitor_n set_v open_a the_o besieger_n sudden_o enter_v and_o although_o discover_v by_o such_o as_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o emperor_n yet_o they_o also_o perceive_v that_o the_o city_n be_v full_a of_o confusion_n and_o that_o the_o matter_n be_v quite_o past_a hope_n every_o one_o shift_v for_o himself_o and_o leave_v all_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o robber_n have_v finish_v this_o letter_n as_o a_o man_n distract_v he_o kill_v his_o daughter_n in_o his_o chamber_n be_v a_o young_a virgin_n of_o seventeen_o or_o eighteen_o year_n of_o age_n that_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v misuse_v and_o ill_o treat_v by_o the_o rogue_n and_o then_o with_o a_o settle_a resolution_n not_o to_o survive_v this_o dismal_a misfortune_n go_v into_o the_o garden_n with_o one_o of_o his_o garter_n he_o hang_v himself_o upon_o a_o plum-tree_n and_o this_o be_v the_o miserable_a catastrophe_n of_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n who_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a during_o his_o reign_n in_o all_o his_o undertake_n and_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o last_o emperor_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n for_o although_o afterward_o some_o other_o of_o that_o line_n be_v choose_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o reckon_v by_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o among_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o race_n in_o regard_n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o zungchinius_n they_o never_o possess_v the_o whole_a but_o only_o some_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a empire_n thus_o be_v that_o race_n who_o first_o founder_n be_v the_o robber_n chu_n destroy_v and_o bring_v to_o nothing_o by_o another_o robber_n licungzus_n who_o have_v the_o fortune_n even_o beyond_o his_o hope_n though_o not_o his_o ambition_n to_o subdue_v the_o big_a empire_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o emperor_n death_n beget_v so_o great_a a_o grief_n and_o commiseration_n in_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o city_n that_o not_o think_v himself_o worthy_a to_o survive_v his_o unhappy_a lord_n he_o go_v and_o hang_v himself_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o place_n the_o empress_n follow_v the_o same_o example_n and_o also_o all_o such_o as_o be_v faithful_a to_o they_o rather_o than_o they_o will_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o it_o be_v count_v a_o piece_n of_o honour_n and_o faithfulness_n with_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o country_n to_o die_v with_o their_o sovereign_n licungzus_n be_v now_o master_n of_o peking_n present_o seat_n himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n and_o the_o next_o day_n cause_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o be_v hack_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o plunder_n of_o the_o city_n to_o his_o soldier_n the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n have_v three_o son_n whereof_o the_o elder_a see_v his_o father_n death_n and_o the_o city_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o robber_n never_o appear_v more_o though_o great_a search_n be_v make_v for_o he_o to_o have_v have_v he_o either_o alive_a or_o dead_a of_o his_o loss_n there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n some_o think_v he_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o crowd_n unknown_a other_o that_o he_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n among_o those_o that_o escape_v to_o the_o mountain_n where_o they_o live_v a_o long_a while_n after_o beside_o this_o be_v two_o other_o young_a son_n who_o be_v bring_v alive_a to_o the_o tyrant_n but_o he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v behead_v present_o and_o to_o show_v his_o tyrannical_a cruelty_n and_o that_o the_o barbarism_n of_o his_o nature_n be_v not_o at_o all_o alter_v by_o his_o be_v get_v into_o the_o throne_n he_o summon_v the_o chief_a person_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o a_o meeting_n under_o colour_n of_o treat_v with_o they_o about_o business_n of_o great_a consequence_n whether_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v but_o a_o company_n of_o the_o base_a fellow_n be_v turn_v in_o upon_o they_o who_o savage_a fury_n so_o unbound_o rage_v that_o it_o spare_v none_o but_o such_o as_o have_v money_n enough_o to_o buy_v off_o their_o life_n but_o here_o end_v not_o his_o 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