temple All which I wil recount without any dissimulation or swaruing from the truth of historie After this I will relate what cruelty the tyrants vsed against their own countrimen what humanitie the Romans shewed towards strangers and how oftentimes Titus who desired the safetie both of the Citie and Temple prouoked and inuited the seditious to mutual amitie Furthermore I wil report how the people of the Iewes after these many and grieuous wounds which they both suffered and suncke vnder sometimes by warre otherwhiles by sedition and many times by hunger were at length ouerthrowne to their vtter confusion Neither wil I omit the slaughter of such as reuolted neither the punishment inflicted on those that were captiue but I will set downe how the temple was burned against Caesars will and what an infinit masse of sacred treasure was deuoured by the fire But to shut vp the historie I will annex the surprisall of the Citie and what signes and wonders hapned before the same the captiuitie also of the tyrants themsel◅es and the number of those that were led away into captiuitie and what miserie euerie one of them end◅red how the Romans continuing their wars vtterly raced the fortresses of their captiues finally how Titus in trauailing thorow the whole countrey established a for me of gouernment therein and afterward returning into Italy triumphed with much honour All these things haue I comprehended in seuen bookes indeuouring as much as in me lieth to flie and auoide all occasion of reproofe and reprehension from those men who knew these affaires and were actors in the warres All which I haue done for their sakes who rather affect truth then follow their pleasure and according to that order and for me I haue proposed I will begin and prosecute my stile and Historie THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE WARRES OF THE IEWES WRITTEN BY FLAVIVS IOSEPHVS The Contents of the Chapters of the 1. booke 1 The destruction of Ierusalem by Antiochus 2 The succession of Princes from Ionathan vntill Aristobulus time 3 Of Aristobulus Antigonus Iudas Essaeus Alexander Theodore and Demetrius 4 Of the warre attempted betweene Alexander Antiochus and Aretas and of Alexandra and Hircanus 5 Of the warre betweene Hircanus and the Arabians and of the Expugnation of Ierusalem 6 Of the warre of Alexander with Hircanus and Aristobulus 7 Of the death of Aristobulus and the warre of Antipater against Mithridates 8 How Antipater was accused before Caesar and how Hircanus was high priest and Herod beg◅ to make warre 9 Of the dissension of the Romans after Caesars death and of Malichus his deceits 10 How Herod was accused and set free 11 Of the warre of the Parthians against the Iewes and of Herods flight and fortune 12 Of Herods warre for the recouering of Ierusalem after his returne from Rome and how he warred against the theeues 13 Of Iosephus death brother to Herod and how Ierusalem was besieged by the s◅e Herod and how Antigonus was slaine 14 Of the treacherous practises of Cleopatra against Herod and of his warre against the Arabians and of a great earthquake 15 How Herode was confirmed in the peaceable possession of the kingdome of Iudaea by Augustus Caesar. 16 Of the Cities and monuments repaired and builded by Herod and of his felicitie and liberalitie towards strangers 17 Of the discord betwixt Herod and his two sonnes Alexander and Aristobulus 18 Of Antipaters conspiracie against his father Herod 19 How Herod should haue been poisoned and how the treason was discouered 20 How Antipaters practises against Herod were knowne and punished 21 Of the golden Eagle and of Antipater and Herods death CHAP. I. How Ierusalem was destroied by Antiochus AT such time as Antioch◅ surnamed Epiphanes made warre against Sextus Pompeius for the whole gouernment of Syria there arose a sedition among the Iewes wherein euerie one indeuoured himselfe to haue the soueraignty ouer others and those of chiefest authoritie and nobilitie amongst the rest disdained to submit themselues to such as were their equals At that time a certaine man called Onias who was one of the high priests hauing gotten the vpper hand did driue the sonnes of To◅ias out of the Citie who flying to Antiochus for refuge besought him in all humilitie that he would leade his forces into Iudaea offering themselues to be his guides in that expedition and voiage Antiochus who long before that time desired such an occasion easily condescended to their requests leuying a great army entred their countrey and tooke the citie by force and ◅ue the most part of them who fauou◅ed Ptolomy and giuing his souldiers libertie to sacke the cit◅e he himselfe spoiled the temple also and for the space of three yeres and sixe moneths forbad al sacrifices and ceremonies which before time were accustomed and vsed in that place Whereupon Onias the high Priest fled vnto Ptolomey and hauing obtained a grant of a peece of ground from him within the liberties and precinct of Heliopolis he built a towne and temple in that place resembling the citie and sanctuarie in Ierusalem But neither was Antiochus satisfied with the vnexpected surprise of the citie nor with the pillage slaughter of the citizens but was so far transported by his passions incensed with the remembrance of those euils which he sustained during the siege of the citie that he compelled t◅ Iewes to forsake the customes of their country cōmanding them from that time forward to vs◅ no more circumcision of their children but that they should immolate swine vpon the Altar which when al of them iointly refused to obey the most constant among them were for that cause put to death Bacchides being made chiefe of the garrisons by the appointment of Antiochus what with his innated cruelty the impious commandement that was left him omitted no occasion to further his wicked impietie insomuch as he particularly tormented such as were of noble birth and qualitie so that each day for the most part he represented vnto them the fresh face and memorie of the desolation of their citie till all of them at the last being prouoked and whe◅d on through the grieuousnes of that which both themselues and others indured addressed themselues with confidence to prosecute the◅ reuenge A◅ length Matthias the sonne of Asmoneus one of the Priests who was borne in a village called Modin accompanied with his fiue sonnes and his owne household armed with swords slue Bacchides and fearing the power and multitude of the enemies garrisons speedily retired himselfe into the mountaines Thither resorted diuers of the people vnto him for which cause he waxing more confident and couragious came downe from the mountaines and ouercomming the captaines of Antiochus droue them out of the borders of Iudaea At such time therefore as through his happie successe he became potent and was by common consent of the people for that he had deliuered them from the subiection of straungers made their
person was to be brought into iudgement there to answere the matter and shew the king a reason and satisfie the lawes of his countrey which permitted no man to be put to death before by law he was conuicted By these perswasions Hyrcanus grew angrie so that not concealing his wrath he caused Herode to be sent for to answere the matter who both for that his father aduertised him thereto and because he trusted to the equity of his cause first leauing a garrison in Galilee he repaired vnto the king came accompanied with a strong guard least either he should seeme to derogate from Hyrcanus dignitie if he should lead forth many or that for want of defence he should expose himselfe to the enuie of his aduersaries Sextus Caesar also fearing the young man least any euill should betide him amongst his enemies sent vnto Hyrcanus manifestly warning him to free Herode from the crime of murther For which cause Hyrcanus who loued Herode and was willing so to do of his owne accord did acquite him Whereupon he supposing that he had escaped against the kings will went to Damascus vnto Sextus purposing not to obey if hereafter he were sent for Naithelesse Hyrcanus was once againe incited by bad people against Herode who certified him that he was gone away in a rage and that he would enterprise something against him which Hyrcanus beleeuing knew not what to doe seeing his enemie more potent then himselfe Shortly after Sextus Caesar proclaimed him Generall of the army both in Syria and Samaria so that now he was greatly to be feared not onely for that he was highly in fauour with the comminaltie but also for the forces which he commanded So that hereupon Hyrcanus fell into an extreme feare verily perswading himselfe that Herod with his whole army would presently come against him Neither was his suspition in vaine for Herod angrie at the pretended crime wherof he was accused came with a great army to Ierusalem intending to depose Hyrcanus which he had effected had not his father and his brother gone forth to meet him and pacified him entreating that he would account that terror wherein he had put his enemies and his owne indignation for a sufficient reuenge and that he should spare the king by whose fauour he came to be so potent adding moreouer that he should not thinke it a disdaine that he was called to answere his accusations but seeing that he was acquited of them he should shewe himselfe gratefull to the king Neither ought he so to reuenge the discontent he had taken that he should shew himselfe vnthankfull to him who had saued his life Moreouer he was to consider the fortune of warres togither with the cause thereof and thinke that the warres he now pretended were very vniust bidding him not to be too confident of the victorie being to fight against his owne king who had alwaies been gratious vnto him and neuer cruell only being as it were vrged thereunto by some of his councell who being meerely enuious rather to satisfie their owne mislikes then in regard of his disgraces framed a shadow of an accusation Herode pacified herewith supposing it to be sufficient for him to obtaine the thing he hoped for to haue shewed his forces vnto his nation At this time began Ciuill warre among the Romans neere vnto Apamia for Caecilius Bassus for the loue he bare to Sextus Pompey slew Sextus Caesar at vnawares and made himselfe gouernour of his army and other captaines of Caesars to reuenge his death made after Bassus with all their forces vnto whom Antipater by his two sonnes sent aide both for Caesars sake that was slain as for Caesars sake that was yet aliue for he was an entire friend welwiller vnto them both and these warres continuing long Marcus came out of Italy to succeed Sextus CHAP. IX Of the dissension amongst the Romans after Caesars death and of the treacherie of Malichus AT this time arose great and bloudy ciuill warres amongst the Romans at such time as Caesar was traiterously slaine by the treason of Cassius and Brutus after he had ruled the Empire 3. yeers and seuen moneths By reason of which murther their troubles daily increased and the nobilitie being at variance amongst themselues euerie one followed that course that they thought most expedient for themselues Whereupon Cassius presently marched into Syria to take possession of the gouernment of the army which was about Apamia where hee made Marcus and the legions that were at variance and Bassus friends and raised the siege from Apamia and leading the army in his owne person he forced euerie citie to be tributarie so that he grew to exact without measure Whereas therefore he commanded the Iewes to contribute seuen hundreth talents Antipater who feared his displeasure appointed his sons and other of his friends presently to gather the money and especially among the rest he gaue this charge to one Malichus a friend of his being by necessitie inforced thereunto But Herode first of all got Cassius his fauour who brought a hundreth talents which he had collected out of Galilee which was his part or prouince for this cause Cassius accounted him as a deare friend As for the rest he accused them of negligence and was angrie at the other Cities So that for that cause he destroied Gophna and Ammauntes and other two of the basest cities marching onward as if he intended to kill Malichus for that he had been so carelesse and negligent in gathering the tribute mony But Antipater presently disbursing vnto Cassius a hundreth talents saued both him and all the rest of the Cities Yet Malichus after Cassius was departed did no more remember how beneficiall Antipater had been vnto him but oftentimes did treacherously lie in waite for to murther Antipater who hindred and withstood his villanous pretence notwithstanding that himselfe had often confessed that Antipater had saued his life Antipater fearing both his power and subtiltie passed ouer the riuer Iordan to gather an army that he might reuenge those treacheries But Malichus being discouered by his impudencie ouercame Antipaters sons for through many oths and excuses he woon Phasaelus chiefe of the garrison in Ierusalem and Herod also who was master of the armorie that they should be a meanes to reconcile him to Antipater Whereupon Antipater entreating Marcus who was Generall of the army in Syria and had determined to kill him he was saued The reason that Marcus would haue put him to death was because Malichus sought to make an alteration Now Caesar being young and Antonius warring against Cassius and Brutus Marcus and Cassius hauing gathered an army in Syria in consideration that Herode had stood them in steed where need required they made him Procurator of all Syria giuing him a band of horsemen and footmen Moreouer Cassius promised him that if the warres had a happy end he would make him king of
presence d. accused by Eutichus 474 h m. 475. a. b. imprisoned ibid. hateth Tiberius 618. h. getteth Caius friendship ibid. his happy fortune foretold 476. g. h. certified of Tiberius death 498. g. departeth to his kingdome ibid. l. his request of Caius 482. i. his speech to the Senate 504. h. 619. f 620. g. hangeth vp his golden chaine 507. d. his acts 509. a b c c. 510. 511. c. saluted for a God 510. in his death 511. c. 610 k. his children ibid. d. Agrippas request to the Empresse 5 ac m. obtaineth Philips tetrarchie 52â—… a. getteth a portion of Galilee 522. g. deposeth Ioseph 524. i inlargeth the citie of Caesarea 525. a. his kindnes to the Berytians c. f 525. b. c. his Epistles to Ioseph 550 m. Agrippa excuseth Caesar c 628. h. his oration 627. c. 628. 629. 630. driuen out of the citie 631. b. And that came to the Romans 6 7 c f. Aid of the Idumaeans 677. a b c. Ainan or Aitaken and burnt 103. e. f. Ainites discomfit three thousand Israelites and slew 36. 103. a. after put to flight and slaine by Iosuah ibid. c. Aire temperate 688 i. Albirius gouernour of Iudaea 524 i. full of wickednes 623. d. pacifieth the countrey 524. l. executeth malefactors 525. c. Alcimus high Priest 313. accuseth Iudas and his brethren ibid. c. his popularitie 314. g h. killeth of all Iudas faction ibid. h. dieth sodainly 315. d. Alexander Polyhistor 19. c. Alexander King of Macedonia 284. i. ouerthroweth Darius armie ibid. subdueth Darius 285. a. marcheth toward Ierusalem ibid. e f. honourably receiued by the high Priest and the rest 2â—…5 f. 286. g. his sacrifice in the temple ibid. h. i. adoreth the high Priest 286. g. his death and successors 287 e f. Alexander warreth against Demetrius 320. g. laboureth to win Ionathan ibid. l m. slaieth Demetrius 321. f. marieth Ptolomies daughter 323. d. sendeth presents to Ionathan 325 a. discomfited and slaine 326 g. Alexander Zebina obtaineth the kingdome 337. b. slaine ibi b. Alexander king of the Iewes 341. a. 563. a. besiegeth Ptolemais ibid. c. his ouerthrow 342. k. besiegeth Gaza 343. c. sedition raised against him 563. c. 344 h. ouercome ibid l. 563. f. citions cast at him 341. h. crucifieth 800. Iewes 345. a. 564. b. his sicknes and aduise to his wife 346. i k l. 564. l. his death and funerall 347. a b. Alexander sonne of Aristobulus 356. i. ouercome ibid. l. 668. l. beheaded 359. b. Alexander Herodes sonne 413. b. marrieth Glaphyra ibidem his defence 418. k. 419. a b c c. reconciled to his father 419. e. 427. f. bribeth the Eunuches 593. b. imprisoned 427 a. 593. b. accused of treason ibid. 431. g h c. writeth bookes 593. c. condemned 434. h. 596. m. strangled 435. c. 597. d. false Alexander c. 460 g. 613. d. condemned to tug at an oare 460. g. 614. f. g. Alexander exerciseth crueltie 261. d. Alexandra gouerneth the kingdome 347. f. imprisoneth Aristobulus wife and children 564. l. committeth charge to the Iewes 348. g. her embassage to Tigranes 348. h. her death ibid. 565. d. Alexandra solliciteth Antonius and why 384. h. excuseth her selfe ibid. suspected by Herode c. 385. b. pretending to flie is betraied ibid. c. certifieth Cleopatra of Herodes trechery 387. b. striueth to acquit her selfe 398 m 399. a. seeketh to get Herods castles 399 c. put to death 400. g. Alexas marrieth Salome 437. c. dismisseth the Nobles 450. m. Alliance of Abraham with his wife 16. l. of lacob with Laban 23. c. 25. f. of Saul and Ionathan with Dauid 145. b of Iuda with the Israelites 241. d. Allowance of Micheas 221. f. Allusion of Ionathan 147. f. Alacritie of the Romans 702. m. Alleageance renounced 748. l. Altar of incense 63. b. Altars of Idolators to be destroyed 90. h. one Altar to be erected c. and why 90. l. Altar builded by Iosuah 102. g. Altar erected by the two tribes and halfe 107. c. why 108. i. Altar of gold and of brasse where placed 198. g. h. Altar in Bethel 207. claue in twaine ibid f. Altar erected by Dauid 185. b. Amalechites warre against the Israelites 56. gh ouercome by the Israelites 57. b c spoiled and their vtter ruine foretold ibid d 98. g. ouercome the Israelites 115. f. are destroyed 139. b c. d. burne Siceleg 157. a. Aman honoured by all but the Iewes 278. h i. his petition for the Iewes ruine ibid. k. his hatred against Mardoche 282. k. his trecherie discouered 281. e f. iudged to the gallowes ibid f. his goods bestowed on Mardoche 282. g. Amarames Moses father see Amram Amasias king of Iuda 236. h. reuengeth his fathers death 237. c. ouercommeth the Amalechites ibid. c d. reproued and why 237. d e. commaundeth Ioas to yeelde him homage ibi f. his armie flies and he taken prisoner 283. g. is slaine ibid. h. Amaza slaine 181. c. Amazement of the seditious 743. a b. Ambition 162. h. of Adonias 185. i. of Iohn 685 a. of Eleazar 697. c. f. An Ambush laid for the Ainites 103. e. Abushes of Saul for Dauid 144. g h c. 145. d e f. 146. g. h. of Adad for Ioram 227. a. Ammon Lots sonne 16. h. Amnon deflowreth Thamar 172. i k. Ammonites oppresse the Israelites 119. b c. and are ouercome ibid. f. iniute Dauids Embassadours 168. k. reuenge wrought on them 169. b c d. warre against Iosaphat 223. e. kill one another 224. h. Amorites ouercome 82. l. their countrey possessed by the Hebrewes 83. b. Amos a wicked King 248. i. is slaine ibid. Amphitheater built by Herode 401. c. 406. h. Amram Moses father 41. m. praieth to God 42. g. casteth Moses into the riuer 42. k l. and why ibid. Amri King of Israel 214. g. slew Thaman ibid. his impictie and death ibid. Ananias death 633. a. Ananus high Priest 524 i. had fiue sons his successors ibid. Ananias high Priest 524. l. Ananias high priest slaine 722. i. Ananus stoneth Iames 524. k. Ananus gouernor of Ierusalem 639. d. his iruectiue against the Zealous 674. h. disposeth this soldiers c. 675 c d. slain 680. l. Ananus a cruel souldier 722. k. Achimelech entertaineth Dauid 148. g h. deliuereth him Goliahs sword ibid. h. accused to Saul 149. a. and slaine ibid. c. Ancestors conceale not honest things 〈◊〉 h. Angels guarded Elizeus 227. c. Angels i. sonnes of God c. 6. k. Angell resisteth Balaam 84. g. Angels promise Abraham a sonne 13. d. e. enter Lots house ibid. f. foretell the destruction of Sodome 15. e. Angell appeared to Agar 14. m. 17. b c d. to Iacob 22. k. l. 26. g h i k. to Manoach his wife 120. m. foretelleth hir Sampsons birth ibid. m. worketh a miracle 121. c. 227. c. Angersee wrath Anilaeus receiueth charge from Artabanus 485. c d. killeth a noble man 486. h. reproued and accused ibid. h i. taketh Mithridates prisoner 487. a Anna
Lots cast to kill one another 660. h i. 761. a b. Loue of women blindeth 86. g. and causeth to serue strange gods ib. g h. 204. i. 205. d. Loue of Ionathan toward Dauid 144. m. 146. l. 147. a b. of Ioseph to his countrey 717. a. Louers of Order c. 790. l m. Lust of Putifars wife 31. a c of the Gabaens 110. l m. 111. a. of Caius 50â—… e. of the Aegyptians 13. a. Lustie Iewes reserued 744. h. Lybia of whom called Africa 19. b c. Lycurgus among the Lacedaemonians 795. a. Lysias Generall of Antiochus army 307. b. inuadeth Iudaea ibid. i. ouercome 308. h. once againe inuadeth Iudaea ibid. i k. Lysimachus killeth Apollodotus 343. c. betrayeth Gaza ib. M Machaeras killeth many Iewes 377. e. fortifieth Geth 378. l. his iniquitie 580. h. Madnesse counterfaited 148. i. Madianites Embassage to Baalam 83. 84. g. their daughters seduce the Hebrewes 85. d. put to flight and slaine 87. c. subdue the Israelites 115. f. kill one another 117. a. Madus and his progenie 10. h. Magicians could not expound the dreame 258. k l. 259. g. Magicians deceiue many 522. l. worke much mischiefe 622. Magistrates to be obeyed 89. d e. to be honoured and reuerenced 91. d. 628. g. 786. l. their duetie 223. c. d. Magog author of the Scythians 10. h. Magnanimitie of Herod 420. l. of the Romans 786. i k. Magnificence of Salomon 202 m. 204. h. of Ezechias 243. a b. of Herod 588. i k. of Vespasians triumph 750. l. Maidens of Israel sing and daunce 143. e. Malchus king of Arabia 577. a. repelled Herod ib. a. repented him of that dealing 578. g. Male children done to death and why 41. d c. Maledictions of Moses 97. f. 98. a. Malefactors executed 525. c. Malice of Pharao 49. a. of Doeg and Saul 149. c d. of the Ziphians 150. l m. of the Aegyptians to the Iewes 776. 〈◊〉 Malichus laieth waite for Antipater 366. k. poisoneth him 367. a. slaine ibid. e. Mambres Abrahams friend k. Man created 3. f. called Adam and why ib. f. imposed names on the creatures ibid. f. placed in Paradice 4. g. transgresseth ibid. i. cast out of Paradice 5. a. author of his owne death 8. h g. Manahem foretels Herods raigne 408. i. Manahem king of Israels actes 240. h. bought his peace ib. h. dieth 240. i. Manahemus chiefe of the rebels 632. m. slaine 633. e. Manasses marrieth Sanabalats daughter 284. h. retaineth his wife ibid. k l. enioyeth his desire 285. d. Manasses Iosephs sonne 34. i. king Manasses impietie 247. c f. sed away prisoner 248. g. repenting is restored ibid. g. his actes 248. h i. dieth ib. Mandate of Cyrus 265. c. Manethon an Aegyptian writer 768. m. sheweth the comming and departure of the Iewes c. 779. i. his fabulous reports 776. k. his lies confuted 777. f. his words repeated 778. i. Manna what 55. e. food of the Israelites 55. c. how much to be gathered ibid. b. when it ceased 102. h. Manner of purification 81. f. 82. g. Manners of the Aegyptians 41. b c. of the Esseans 614. m. 615. e. of the Idumaeans 677. b c. of the Athenians 797. a. of the Persians 797. c. Manoachs wife saw an Angell 120. m. foretolde of a sonne and instructed ibid. m. 121. a. is seene of both 121. b c. Manslaughter 88. k. Mara what 53. c. March of the Romans 649. e f. Mariam Moses sister 42. l. watcht him ibid. k l. fetched his mother 43 a. her death 81. f. Mardochaeus Esthera vncle 277. d. discouereth the traytors 278. g h. his lamenting and why 279. a b. â—…red 281. c. d. Marriage when to be contracted 93. e. Marriage with an harlot forbidden ibid. e. Marriage with a bondwoman 94. l. Marriages made 598. g h. broken ibid. k. Mariamme wife of Herod 384. l. committed to Ioseph 387. c. accused excused her selfe 388. i k. displeased with Herod 396. l. coldly entertained Herod 397. b c. vpbraided Herod 589. d. accused and put to death 399. a. 589. c. 590. g. Marphad sacked Syria 13. e. killed Giants ibid. e. Marsus Gouernour of Syria 510. k. displeased ibid. Marâ—…iall discipline 640. h. 648. g. Masons how imployed 195. b c. Massacre of the Iewes 634. g c. 635. a c. 636. b c. 722. i k c. Massada a strong Castle 755. d. for what occasion builded 757. c. battered with the Ram 757. d. Matter for the building of the tabernacle 60. k l. Matter committed in trust 96. k l. Matthias refuseth to commit Idolatrie 305. b. slaieth an Apostata ib. rooteth out Idolatrie 305. e. his death 306. h. maketh warre against Antiochus 559. b. Matthias raiseth sedition 448. g c. burned ibid. 〈◊〉 Matthias cruelly handled 722. i. Measures found out and by whom 5. e. Medimnus a certaine measure 75. b. Meeting of the Hebrewes thrise a yeere 90. m. Melancholie of Herod 605. e. Melchisedech king of Solyma 14. h i. entertaineth Abraham c. ibid. i. prayseth God and receiueth the tenths 14. i. Men thronged to death 621. a b. Menelaus high priest 303. warreth against Iason ibid. Mephiboseth obtaines the possessions of Saul 168. h. purgeth himselfe of Sibas slaunders 180. 〈◊〉 restored to the halfe of his possessions ib. l. Merchandise brought to Salomon 203. e. Merchants of Arabia buy Ioseph 30. h. sold him to 〈◊〉 ib. m. of Tharsis â—…24 i. Mercie hurtfull in warre 712. k. Mercie of Varus 612. h. of Titus towards Ioseph 660. m. to his enemies 672. g. Meroe a strong Citie of Ethiopia 44. l. Messengers sent to Dauid 146. g. to Nabal 152. h. Mesopotamia troublesome to trauellers 19. d. Mesopotamians submit themselues 169. c. Method of moralitie and discipline 791. f. 792. g. Methusala Enochs sonne 6. m. 7. a. how long he liued 7 c. Mice deuoure the fruit c. 127. f. Micheas reproueth Achab and why 220. h. how rewarded ibid. i. foretelleth Achabs death and Sedechias punishment 22â—… c. d. his allowance ibid. f. Michol daughter of Saul 144. g. giuen to Dauid in mariage ibid. l. conueieth Dauid away 145. f. deceiueth Sauls messengers 146 g. h. restored to Dauid 261. b. mocked at him 165. f. Midwiues of Egypt 41. c. Mildnes of Dauid 151. d. Militarie discipline 640. h. 648. g. a Mind furnished with vertues 141. b. Ministeries of the Gabeonites 104. k. Miracles 46. g k l. 207. c f. 216 i. 214. l m. 121. c 226 l m. Miracle of the Suns going backe 247. b. Miracle of Helizaeus 688. g. Misa king of Moab 225. d. put to â—…ight 226. h i. sacrificeth his sonne ibid. i. Misdemeancur of the wicked 6. k. of Samuels sonnes 130. m. of a souldier 621. a. Miserie of the Israelites 41. e 42. k. 47. c. 54. l. foreprophecied 210. k. of the Iewes foretold 249. b. of Iudaea 463. b c. of the Iewes prophecied 630. l of the people 718. i. k. 725. 〈◊〉 three Miseries assaile Ierusalem 685. c. Mithridates king of Parthia
to ascribe alwaies more credit vnto them then to the vaine plausible speech of such as currie fauour and no lesse to respect them then things of infinit profit since by them we are diuinely admonished what we ought to take heed of It behooueth vs also to consider what force the ordinance of God is of by examining those things which befell Achab. For it is impossible to auoid the preordinance of God notwithstanding that men flatter and nourish themselues with vaine hopes which inueigle them so far that finally they are ouertaken in the snares thereof For this carelesse inconsideration was fatall to King Achab in that he beleeued not his death which was foretold him but being deceiued by the flattering perswasions of false Prophets ranne headlong vpon his owne danger and death After him succeeded his sonne Ochozias THE NINTH BOOKE OF THE ANTIQVITIES OF THE IEWES WRITTEN BY FLAVIVS IOSEPHVS The Contents of the Chapters of the 9. booke 1 Ioram Achabs sonne ouercommeth the Moabites in battell 2 Ioram King of Ierusalem obtaining the crowne killeth his brothers and his fathers friends 3 Iorams army is ouerthrowne by his enemies and his sonnes are slaine only one excepted at length he himselfe dieth a miserable death 4 The king of Damasco warreth against the king of Israel 5 Ioram with all his posteritie is slaine by Iehu Ochosias king of Ierusalem is slaine also 6 Iehu raigneth amongst the Israelites in Samaria and his posteritie after him till the fourth generation 7 Athalia raigneth fiue yeeres in Ierusalem and after she is slaine by the hie priest Ioas Ochosias sonne is proclaimed king 8 Azael King of Damasco gathereth an army first against the Israelites and afterwards against Ierusalem 9 Amasias King of Ierusalem maketh warre against the Idumeans and Amalechites and obtaineth the victorie 10 Amasias making warre against Ioas king of the Israelites is ouercome 11 Ozias ouercommeth the nations round about him 12 Rasin or Rabe king of Damasco vexeth the inhabitants of Ierusalem with warre Achaz their king is compelled to call the king of Assyria to assist him 13 The King of Assyria taketh Damasco by force and slaieth the king and translateth the people into Media and planteth other Colonies in the same 14 Salmanazar taking the king of Israel captiue translateth ten of the 12. Tribes into Media and causeth the Cuthaeans to inhabite their region CHAP. I. Ioram Achabs sonne ouercommeth the Moabites in battell AS soone as King Iosaphat was returned backe againe to Ierusalem from the warre wherein he had giuen succour to Achab against Adad the King of Syria as we haue heretofore declared the Prophet Iehu in his returne came forth and met him and reproued him because he had giuen Achab who had been a man both impious and wicked his assistance assuring him that God was displeased with that his confederacie yet notwithstanding that he of his goodnesse had deliuered him from his enemies although contrarie vnto his duetie he had demeaned himselfe vniustly After this admonition Iosaphat began to celebrate sacrifices and to offer vp thankesgiuings and peace offrings vnto God Which done he rode in progresse and circuit round about those countries that were vnder his dominion giuing order that the people should be instructed in those ordinances which were deliuered from God by the hands of Moses and exhorted his subiects to the practise of pietie contained in the same Hee planted iudges likewise in euery city commanding them to execute iustice vnto the people without respect of any thing but only iustice He charged them likewise that they should not be corrupted with rewards or seduced by dignitie riches or nobilitie but that they should doe iustice indifferently vnto all men knowing that God seeth all things how secretly soeuer they be carried or contriued Hauing in this sort ordered euery thing in each Citie of the two Tribes he returned againe into Ierusalem where he likewise chose iudges from amongst the Priests and Leuites and the Elders among the people exhorting them in all things to giue vpright and exact iudgement And if they of other cities had any causes of greater consequence which should bee referred to their finall determination he charged them with earnest industrie to decide them with as vpright and iust measure as might be for that it was very conuenient that the most exact and accomplished sentences should be deliuered in that Citie where as God had his temple and the King made his ordinarie aboad Ouer all these he placed his two friends Amasias the Priest and Zabadias of the Tribe of Iuda After this manner did the King dispose of his estate About this very time the Moabites and Ammonites and with them their confederates a great number of Arabians assaulted and assembled themselues against him and encamped themselues neere vnto Engaddi a Citie scituate neere vnto the lake Asphaltites and distant from Ierusalem some three hundreth stounds in which place flourish those goodly and holesome Palme-trees whence distilleth the pure and perfect liquor of balme When Iosaphat had intelligence that the enemies had past the lake and were already farre entred into his countrey he was affraid and assembled the people of Ierusalem in the temple and standing vpright and turning his face toward the propitiatorie he besought and requested God that he would giue him power and force to ouercome his enemies For such had been the forme of their supplication who in times past builded the temple namely that it might please him to fight for that Citie and oppose himselfe against those that durst attempt or assault that place to the intent to dispossesse them of that country which he himselfe had giuen them in possession and in pronouncing this prayer he wept and all the people likewise both men women and children made their requests vnto God Presently vpon this a certaine Prophet called Iaziel arose vp in the midst of the congregation and cried out and certified both the people and the King that God had heard their praiers and promised them to fight for them against their enemies enioyning them the next day to sally out in armes and go make head against their aduersaries whom they should incounter in the mountaine scituate betwixt Ierusalem and Engaddi in a place called the hillock of Sis which place in Hebrew signifieth Eminency willing them not to fight against them but onely to arrest in that place and see how God would fight and make warre for them When the Prophet had spoken these words the king and all the people prostrated themselues vpon their faces giuing thankes vnto God and adoring meane while the Leuites sung continuall hymnes with instruments and voices About the beginning of the day the king departed into the desart that is vnder the Citie of Thecoa aduising the people to beleeue all that which the prophet had said vnto them and not to arrange themselues in battell ray he commanded the Priests to march before
that the gouernment which she enioyed during her life time was after her death distracted with infinite troubles and calamities wherewith her family was replenished And notwithstanding her regiment after this manner yet during her life time she kept the kingdome in peace And thus died Alexandra THE XIIII BOOKE OF THE ANTIQVITIES OF THE IEWES WRITTEN BY FLAVIVS IOSEPHVS The Contents of the Chapters of the 14. booke 1 How after the death of Alexandra her youngest sonne Aristobulus made warre against his brother Hircanus for the kingdome who obtaining the victorie compelled Hircanus to flie into a castle in Ierusalem And how after it was agreed and concluded between them that Aristobulus should be king and Hircanus liue as a priuate man without dignitie 2 Of the race of Antipater and how he purchaseth renowme great power and authoritie both to himselfe and his children and of the flight of Hircanus to Aretas king of Arabia 3 Aristobulus being vanquished is pursued as farre as Ierusalem 4 Hircanus and Aristobulus send Embassadours to Scaurus to request his aid and succour 5 Aristobulus and Hircanus present themselues before Pompey to debate their titles touching the kingdome 6 Pompey is seazed of the fortresses by a warlike stratageme 7 They of Ierusalem shut their gates against the Romans 8 Pompey taketh the Temple and lower part of the citie by force 9 Scaurus maketh warre against Aretas and by the perswasion sollicitation of Antipater maketh aleague with him 10 Alexander being ouercome by Gabinius retireth himselfe into a castle where he is shut vp and besieged 11 Aristobulus escaping out of prison flieth from Rome who being taken againe in Iudaea by Gabinius is sent backe prisoner to Rome 12 Crassus warring against the Parthians passeth through Iewrie and spoyleth the Treasurie of the Temple 13 Pompey retireth into Epirus and Scipio commeth into Syria 14 Caesars voyage into Egypt wherein the Iewes do him faithfull seruice 15 Antipaters valiant acts and the amitie betwixt him and Caesar. 16 Caesars letters and the Senates decree as touching the friendship betwixt the Iewes and Romans 17 Antipater committeth the gouernment of Galilee to his sonne Herod and that of Ierusalem to Phasaelus his other sonne and how Sextus Caesar aduāced Herode to great honour and dignitie 18 Cassius afflicteth Iurie and exacteth eight hundreth talents 19 Malichus poisoneth Antipater 20 Herode putteth Malichus to death by Cassius commandement 21 Antigonus the sonne of Aristobulus seeking to recouer his fathers kingdome by the aide of the King of Tyre is discomfited and driuen out of Iudaea by Herod 22 Herod meeting Antonius in Bithynia winneth his fauour with a great summe of money to the intent he should giue no ◅are to his accusers 23 Antonius arriuing in the prouince of Syria establisheth Herode and Phasaelus for Tetrarches 24 The Parthians make warre in Syria to restore Antigonus the sonne of Aristobulus to the kingdome 25 The Parthians take Hircanus and Phasaelus prisoners and lead them away 26 Herode at Rome is declared King of Iury by the Senate 27 Herode returneth from Rome and fighteth against Antigonus 28 Antigonus is discomfited by Sosius and Herode CHAP. I. How after the Contention betweene the two brethren touching the kingdome it was agreed that Aristobulus should be king and Hircanus liue as a priuate man WE haue alreadie intreated in our former Booke both of the actes and death of Queene Alexandra it now remaineth at this present to prosecute and continue the sequell of our History to the end that we neither omit any thing thorow ignorance or burie ought in forgetfulnes For they that make profession to write Histories and to recite such things as are obserued by antiquitie ought not onely studiously to conforme their stile but also to beautifie the same with the ornaments of eloquence to the intent the reader may conuerse in their writings with the more delectation But aboue all things they must haue an especiall care so exactly to set downe the truth that they who know not how these things came to passe may be the more duely and fitly informed When as therefore Hircanus had taken vpon him the high Priesthood in the third yeere of the hundreth seuentie and seuenth Olympiade and in the yeere that Q. Hortensius and Q. Metellus called the Cretensian were consuls at Rome Aristobulus sodainly vndertooke the warre against Hircanus and fought with him neere vnto Iericho where a great number of Hircanus followers submitted themselues of their owne accord to Aristobulus Thorow which accident Hircanus was inforced to fly to the fortresse of the higher citie wherein Alexandra Aristobulus mother had imprisoned both his wife and children as before this it is specified The rest of his faction for feare of his brother who had gotten the victory retired themselues within the enclosure of the temple where they were besieged and taken After this a peace was intreated of betwixt both the brethren and their different was accorded in this manner that Hircanus should passe the remnant of his life without entermedling with affaires of estate but should onely intend his security and peace and Aristobulus should commaund the kingdome This league was ratified betweene them in the temple and confirmed with othes coniunction of hands and embraces in the sight of all the people which being finished Aristobulus retired himselfe into the pallace and Hircanus to Aristobulus lodging to lead a priuate and quiet life CHAP. II. Of the race of Antipater and how he is aduanced to high estate and how Hircanus flieth to Aretas King of Arabia BVt acertaine friend of Hircanus by nation an Idumaean and by name Antipater being wel monied and by nature both factious and industrious and thorow ambition but badly affected toward Aristobulus the rather for that he affected Hircanus faction began to stir much trouble True it is that Nicholas Damascene writeth of this man that he was descended from the noblest amongst those Iewes who returned from out of Babylon into Iury but this he did of set purpose to gratifie Herode Antipaters sonne who by a casualtie became afterwards King of the Iewes as we will expresse hereafter in time and place conuenient This Antipater was at the first called Antipas according to his fathers name who as it is reported was made gouernour of all Idumaea by king Alexander and his wife and afterwards made a league with the Arabians Gazeans and Ascalonites corrupting them and insinuating himselfe into their fauours by diuers great presents bestowed vpon them This young Antipater considering with himselfe what Aristobulus power was and fearing least some mischiefe might be fall him thorow the hatred the young king had conceiued against him he communicated with certaine of the greatest reckoning amongst the lewes and secretly and cunningly incensed them against Aristobulus telling them that they had done amisse both to see and suffer Aristobulus to detaine the kingdome vniustly in his hands and to dispossesse
present attended him came downe from the tower and humbled himselfe on his knees before Sosius feet who hauing no compassion of the change of that estate wherein he saw him outragiously scorned him calling him Madame Antigona yet left he him not without guard after the manner of a woman but fast bounde for his further assurance But Herode was busied in deuising how he might moderate his associates and strangers after he had had the vpper hand ouer his enemies For the strangers swarmed into the Citie by heapes and not onely into the Temple but also into the Sanctuarie Hee therefore exhorted some and threatned other some and restrained the rest by force of armes and he was more troubled at that present in being a conquerour then if he had been conquered for that those things that were not lawfull to be seene were beheld by prophane men He preuented likewise the spoile of the Citie as much as in him lay beseeching Sosius most instantly to preserue it to the vtmost asking him if the Romans would leaue him king of a desart after they had voided the Citie of men and goods Alleadging furthermore that he esteemed the gouernment of the whole world of no valew in regard of the life of one of his Citizens Sosius answered that it was reason that the pillage should be giuen to the souldier who had borne the hazard of the siege whereunto Herode answered that he would satisfie euerie man out of his owne treasurie and by this meanes he raunsomed the rest of the Citie by fulfilling those his promises For he gaue many mightie gifts vnto euerie one of the souldiers and by proportion vnto the captaines but aboue all hee royally rewarded Sosius so that euerie one of them departed very rich in siluer This calamitie hapned in the Citie of Ierusalem in the yeere wherein Marcus Agrippa and Canidius Gallus were Consuls which was in the hundreth fourescore and fift Olympiade in the third moneth on the daies wherein the solemne fast was celebrated as if this affliction had iumpt togither in one issue and instant with that of Pompeies for on the same day had the same Citie been taken twentie and seuen yeeres before Sosius offered a crowne of gold vnto God and afterwards departed from Ierusalem leading Antigonus prisoner with him vnto Anthony But Herode fearing least if Antigonus should be kept by Anthony and sent to Rome he should debate his title with him before the Senate by protest that he was descended of the royall line whereas Herode was but a Plebeian and common person and that although hee had offended the Romans and thereby might not deserue to be king yet at least his children who were of the princely line were not to be denyed their title Herode I say fearing these things wrought so much by force of his money with Anthony that he caused him to put Antigonus to death so that at that time Herode was truely deliuered from all feare Thus ended the estate of the Asmoneans after sixe score and sixe yeeres This family was famous both for their nobilitie as also by reason of their Sacerdotall dignitie and for the noble actions and exploites which their auncestors had atchieued for our nation but they lost their authoritie thorow their mutuall factions which soueraigntie was deriued to Herode Antipaters sonne who was ignoble by birth and of meane friends who were subiects and vassals to kings See heere what we haue receiued from our auncestors as touching the ende of the race of the Asmoneans THE XV. BOOKE OF THE ANTIQVITIES OF THE IEWES WRITTEN BY FLAVIVS IOSEPHVS The Contents of the Chapters of the 15. booke 1 Ierusalem being ouercome by Sosius and Herode Antigonus is beheaded by Anthonies commandement Herode maketh away the chiefest friends of Antigonus 2 How Hircanus being dismissed by the Parthians returneth to Herode 3 Herode after he had made Aristobulus his wife Mariammes brother high priest practiseth and worketh his death 4 Cleopatra thirsting after the kingdomes of Iewry and Arabia laboureth to beg a part of them at Anthonies hands 5 The arriuall of Queene Cleopatra in Iudaea 6 Herode maketh warre against Aretas at such time as Anthony was ouerthrowne by Caesar in the Actianwarre 7 Of the earthquake in Iewry 8 Herodes oration to his army 9 Herode intending to repaire vnto Caesar doth of necessitie kill Hircanus 10 How Herode obtained the continuance of his kingdome of Iudaea at Caesars hands 11 Herode maketh away Mariamme thorow false calumniations of her enemies 12 Of the famine that afflicted the land of Iewry 13 The building of Caesarea 14 Herode buildeth a new temple in Ierusalem CHAP. I. Ierusalem being taken by Sosius and Herode Antigonus is beheaded by Anthonies command Herode maketh away all his chiefest friendes IN the former booke I haue declared how Sosius and Herode tooke the Citie of Ierusalem by force with it Antigonus prisoner now wil we also declare that which hath subsequently followed For after that Herode had obtained the absolute gouernment ouer the whole land of Iudaea he aduanced all those among the common people who fauoured his proceedings as for those who were opposed against him there passed not a day wherein some one or other of them suffered not punishment But amongst the rest Pollio the Pharisee and Sameas his disciple were highly honoured by him For during the time of the siege of Ierusalem they counselled the inhabitants to receiue entertaine Herod for which cause he respected them accordingly This Pollio in times past when Herode was found guiltie of death foretolde Hircanus and the rest of the Iudges in way of exprobration that being absolued by them he should one day inflict punishment on them all Which prediction God in processe of time approoued by the euent no sooner therefore became he master of Ierusalem but he gathered togither all the rich houshold stuffe that was in the pallace and furthermore hauing spoiled the rich men of their goods and by this means leuied a great summe of gold and siluer he sent great presents to Anthony and his friends Moreouer he condemned fiue and fortie of Antigonus principall and noblest fauourites to death setting streight watch about their doores that none of them might be carried out vnder colour of being dead The dead bodies likewise were troden vnder foote and all the gold siluer or iewels that was to be found amongst them was carried to the king and conuerted to his vse so that there was no end of these miseries For the couetousnesse of the conquerour whose greedy and thirsting desire could hardly be quenched said hold on whatsoeuer was theirs And for that it was the seuenth yeere it necessarily came to passe that the land was left vnmanured for we are forbidden to sowe in this yeere Anthony hauing taken Antigonus prisoner resolued to keepe him in prison vntill the time of his triumph But after he had receiued tidings that the
was vpon the point of execution surprised her at such time as she thought to flye and yet notwithstanding he pardoned her that fault in that he durst not decree any punishmēt against hir though he could haue found in his heart to haue vsed seueritie for that Cleopatra vvould not haue contained her selfe had she but had such an occasiō offered her to expresse her hatred against Herod For which cause vnder the colour of a high and magnanimous spirit he made shewe to pardon her of his meere clemencie yet inwardly resolued hee to make young Aristobulus away yet not rashly and vpon the instant least the act should growe apparant and palpable Now the feast of Tabernacles was at hand which was one of those that was ceremoniously and solemnly celebrated among vs for which cause he concealed his intents during the festiuall daies intending both in himselfe and in the presence and companie of the people to follow all kinde of pleasure and delight yet did his enny incite him to hasten the execution of his will Aristobulus was at that time some seuenteene yeere olde who at such time as he approched the altar to offer sacrifices according to the lawe apparelled in the high priests ornaments to performe the ceremonies he who for amiable countenance and goodly stature surpassed the young and tendernesse of his yeeres expressing in his countenance the dignitie and nobilitie of his race drew the eies and good affection of all the people vnto him so that they openly called to remembrance the noble actions of Aristobulus his grandfather All the people therfore being surmounted by those their affections and at that present time being all of them troubled with the ioy they conceiued they brake out by little and little into happy acclamations mixed with wishes and praiers so that the good will the people bare to Aristobulus discouered it selfe openly and they manifestly although too hastily in such a kingdome declared what euils they generally endured For all which causes Herode concluded to execute that which he had heretofore complotted and conceited against Aristobulus As soone therefore as the feast was ouerpassed he soiourned in Iericho where Alexandra entertained him In that place he vsed Aristobulus with all kindnesse to the end to draw him into some place where he feared nothing playing also with him and counterfaiting to sport after the fashion of the young men to gratifie him Now for that the place where they disported themselues was by nature too hoat they quickly wearied left their sport and went out togither to take the fresh aire and recouering a pleasant shade vnder certaine arbors and neere certaine fishpooles which were largely spread round about they beheld certain of their seruants and friends that swomme therein with whom not long after Aristobulus began to swim being perswaded thereunto by Herode Whereupon Herodes confederates who were deputed to execute the murther laid hands of him and thrust him vnder the water pretending to duck him in sport and neuer gaue him ouer vntill such time as they had stifled him in the water This hapned about the euening and after this manner died Aristobulus after he had liued in all for the space of eighteene yeeres and administred the priesthood one whole yeere and after this Ananel presently recouered his former dignitie Now when this accident was reported to the women all of them were sodainly deuoured in teares and transported with strange lamentations which they spent ouer the dead body All the Citie also was marueilously amated neither was there any priuate family that thought not it selfe touched by this inconuenient but imagined the losse in particular to concerne himselfe and no other But aboue all when Alexandra had notice of this wicked deede she was more passionate and perplexed then any other being so much the more discomforted for that she knew how all things had hapned But the feare of a farre greater mischiefe constrained her to represse her passion in such sort that diuers times she was ready to bereaue her of her owne life and dispatch her selfe out of miserie with her owne hands But she contained her selfe to the end that suruiuing and liuing after her sonne who was so traiterously and fraudulently slaine and prolonging her owne life without giuing any suspition or shadow that she supposed her sonne to be thus cursedly murthered she might with more opportunitie expect the occasion to reuenge her selfe For which cause she dissembled all things gouerned her griefe and made shew that she knew nothing of that which was either intended or had hapned As for Herode he laboured by all means to perswade the strangers that this death had befallen Aristobulus without his knowledge and did not onely prepare that which was requisite for the funerall but vext himselfe likewise made shew of a man truely deuoured in his sorrow and it may be that in remembrance of Aristobulus beauty and flourishing young yeeres he was truely touched with compassion notwithstanding that he imagined that this death of his should be a means of his intire securitie demeasning himselfe in all things very circumspectly with intent to purge himselfe of that crime But especially he shewed his great magnificence in the interring of his body both in the furnishing and preparation of the herse as in the perfumes and other things thereunto belonging in such sort as the griefe which the Ladies had conceiued was pacified after this manner of consolation CHAP. IIII. Cleopatra thirsting after the kingdomes of Arabia and Iewry laboureth to beg a part of them at Anthonies hands BVt none of all these things could either mooue or mollifie Alexandra but that daily more and more she increased her sorrow and in the heart of her teares kindled her wrath and heate with a desire of reuenge She therefore certified Cleopatra by her priuate letters of Herodes treasons and her sonnes most miserable and vntimely death Cleopatra long before that time desirous to assist her and hauing compassion of her miserie vndertooke the matter and ceased not to incite Anthony to reuenge Aristobulus death telling him that it was an vnpardonable errour that Herode being created king in such a state whereunto he had no right should be suffered to practise such conspiracies against the true and lawfull kings Anthony perswaded by these her words as soone as he came vnto Laodicea sent for Herode to the end that making his appearance he might answere that which might be obiected against him as touching Aristobulus death for he disliked the act notvvithstanding that Herode himselfe had attempted it But although Herode vvas affraid of this accusation and did not a little suspect Cleopatraes displeasure for that she ceased not continually to prouoke Anthony against him yet obeyed he this commandement and transported himselfe thither the rather for that he durst not otherwise do notwithstanding he left his vncle Ioseph behind him committing the gouernment both of the kingdome his priuate
the subiection of Herod who was the very scourge of their familie but rather that he should stand vpon his owne guard and reserue himselfe to his better hoped fortunes She furthermore gaue him counsell to write vnto Malchus who had the gouernment of Arabia requesting him to graunt him both protection and entertainment For that if Herod should chance to be cut off by Caesars displeasure doubtlesse the kingdome would returne vnto him both in regard of his nobility as also of the peoples fauour These perswasions of hers Hircanus at the first repulsed but afterwards being ouercome by the importunitie of the woman who ceased not day and night to sing the same song of future hope and of Herods treasons he gaue certaine letters to a friend of his written to the Arabian wherein he required him to send him certaine horsmen who might conduct him to the Asphaltite lake which lieth distant from the confines of Ierusalem some three hundred furlongs And therefore especially committed hee these letters to Dositheus trust both for that he fauoured Hircanus and his daughter and seemed likely for diuers causes to hate Herod for he was Iosephs kinsman who was slaine by Herod and not long before certaine of his brothers were slaine amongst others at Tire by Anthonies command yet for none of these occasions continued he faithfull to Hircanus For he setting more by the present fauour of the king that then raigned then the rest discouered the letter vnto the king who first of all giuing him thanks required one office of friendship more at his hands which was that folding vp the letter and sealing it he should conueigh and deliuer the same to Malchus and returne his answer for that it merely concerned him if he knew his resolution also Which when Dositheus had diligently perfourmed the Arabian returned this answer that he was readie to entertaine both himselfe and his whole family and all those Iewes likewise which were of his faction promising to send him a band of souldiours who should be able to conduct him safely thither and should be obedient to his command in all things Now as soone as Herod was seazed of these letters he called for Hircanus and demanded of him whether he had any confederacy with Malchus who denied the same But Herod protesting and bringing forth his letter in an open assembly commanded him afterwards to be put to death Thus are these matters registred in Herodes commentaries for by some are they deliuered otherwise namely that he was executed not for this crime which he had committed but for some treasons against the king For they write to this effect that Herod at a certaine banquet dissembling his suspition demaunded of Hircanus whether he had receiued anie letters from Malchus and that he answered that he had receiued letters but such as conteined nothing els but officious salutations Further that another asked him whether he had receiued anie present therewithall and when he had answered that he had receiued nothing but foure coursers for his saddle the king wrested this to a capitall offence of corruption and treason and commanded him presently to be led to death Now that he died guiltlesse they alleage this for a most approued argument namely his gentle disposition who euen in his youthfull yeares neuer gaue signe or appearance of rashnesse or pride or signification of audaciousnesse no not euen then when he had the royall gouernment in his hands but in that freedome of authoritie disposed the most things by Antipaters aduise But at that time he was more then fourscore yeares old and knew that Herods estate was secured and passing Euphrates also and liuing on the other side of the riuer he left such as held him in great honour and returned home into his owne countrie to the end he might liue vnder Herodes gouernment Whereby it is lesse likelie that he would attempt any alteration so farre different from his nature so that all these things seeme to be fained by Herode Thus ended Hircanus his life after his variable and aduerse fortune wherewith during all his life time he was afflicted For at such time as his mother Alexandra liued he was created high priest of the Iewes and obtained that honour for the space of nine yeeres and after his mothers death he had scarcely gouerned the kingdome for the space of three moneths but that he was expulsed by his brother Aristobulus and afterwards restored by Pompeies assistance and receiuing all his former honours he liued in full possession of them for the space of fortie yeeres After this he was once more distated by Antigonus and being maimed in his bodie liued certaine yeeres in captiuitie among the Parthians from whence not long after he returned home and though he had many things promised him by Herode yet after so many alterations of fortune he obtained nothing at his hands and that which amongst all the rest is most of all to be lamented as we haue said he was vniustly put to death an innocent and in his olde age For he was a louer of iustice and an obseruer of perpetuall modestie and gouerned his kingdome for the most part by other mens direction being onely guiltie in himselfe of ignorance and the loue of idlenesse Truly Antipater and Herode by this mans goodnesse obtained their so great riches for which deserts of his against all lawe and right hee was cruelly put to death But Herode after Hircanus death addressed himselfe to performe his iourny towards Caesar and hauing little hope of any good fortune in regard of his friendship with Antonius he grew desperately iealous of Alexandra for feare least she taking oportunitie of the time should incite the people to rebell and fill the kingdome with domesticall sedition for which cause committing the gouernment of the estate to his brother Pheroras he left his mother Cypros his sister and all his kinred in the castle of Masada and commaunded his brother that if any misfortune should befall him he should retaine the kingdome in his owne hands and maintaine it As for his wife Mariamme for that by reason of certaine dislikes betwixt her his mother and sister they might not liue togither he left her with her mother Alexandra in the castle of Alexandrian and committed them to the custodie of his treasurour Ioseph and Sohemus the Iturian and with her the keeping of his castles both which had alwaies beene his faithfull friends and to whom in way of honour he committed the custodie of these princely Ladies But he gaue them also this commandement that if they should be certified that any sinister mishap had befallen him they should presently kill them both and to the vtmost of their power continue the kingdome in his children and his brother Pheroras CHAP. X. How Herode obtained the kingdome of Iudaea at Caesars hands AFter he had in this sort giuen order for all his affairs he withdrew himselfe vnto Rhodes intending
maidseruants of theirs who were their bondwomen as also certaine other of their free seruants Now when the fact would not be extorted by reason that none of them confessed the same at length shee that was last of all put to her triall ouercome by the paines shee endured said nought else but that shee praied God that Antipaters mother might feele the like torments since shee was the cause of all those mischiefes which they endured These words of hers made Herode the more eager and inquisitiue so that by force of tortures he wrought out all the secrets of these women their banquets their secret assemblies and those verie words that Herode had spoken apart betwixt his sonne and himselfe which had beene reported vnto the women that Pheroras entertained namely that he would giue him one hundreth talents prouided he would vse no conference with Pheroras Moreouer they reckoned vp the hatred that Antipater bare vnto his father the complaints that he made vnto his mother of the too long life and continuance of his father for that in regard of himselfe he was already waxen olde so that although the kingdome should fall into his hands presently yet could he receiue but verie little contentment thereby Moreouer hee alleadged that diuers brothers and brothers children were brought vp togither with him so that he might not securely hope for any thing for that already if he should fortune to die the kingdome was to descend not to his sonne but to his brother besides this he was accustomed to accuse the king of diuers cruelties committed by him and of that murther which he executed vpon the persons of his children That for feare least he should practise his tyrannie against those that remained Antipater had found out the deuise to be summoned to Rome and Pheroras withdrew himselfe into his Tetrarchy These words which as he knew had reference vnto that which his sister had often informed him of were not by him held incredible so that being pressed with the malice of Antipater he sequestred Doris his mother from his presence spoiling her before her departure of all her iewels which were valued at many talents and from that time forward he shewed himselfe more fauourable towards those women of Pheroras household But nothing did more whet Herods displeasure against Antipater then did a certaine Samaritane who was also called Antipater who had the ordering of the affaires of Antipater the kings sonne For he being brought in question and tortured declared amongst other things that Antipater had mixed a mortall poison and deliuered the same to Pheroras his vncle commanding him to practise the kings death in his absence and by that meanes least suspected That this poison was brought out of Aegypt by one called Antiphilus Antipaters friend That it was sent to Pheroras by one called Theudion Antipaters mothers brother That this poison was kept by Pheroras wife and was committed by her husband to her custodie She being examined by the king hereupon confessed no lesse hastning forth as if she intended to fetch the same she cast her selfe downe headlond from the toppe of the house yet did she not murther her selfe because she fell vpon her feet Now after she was recouered out of her swoune and the king had promised all securitie both to her selfe and her family if so be she would discouer the truth and contrariwise threatned her with extreme torments if she obstinately continued in concealing these treasons she sware that she would discouer all things according as they were acted and as many men thought at that time she tolde nothing but the truth That poison said she was brought by Antiphilus out of Aegypt and bought there by the meanes of a brother of his who was a physition After this Theudion brought it to our house and I hauing receiued it from Pheroras hands kept the same but bought by your sonne Antipater to poison you that are his father Now therefore after that my husband fell sicke and you in kindnesse came to visit and comfort him he being mooued with compassion and conquered by your brotherly kindenesse by your good affection and louing care in giuing order for his health called me vnto him and said O Wife Antipater hath circumuented me whilest by his pestilent counsailes and poisoning practises he desireth to cut off his father and depriue me of a kinde brother Now therfore since as I perceiue there is no part of my brothers louing and naturall affection diminished towards me wherewith he was wont to entertaine me and that my latest houre of life approcheth God forbid that being ready to sleepe with my forefathers I should present them with a ghost soiled and sweltred in my brothers bloud Dispatch therefore and burne this poison before mine eies Hereupon said she I presently brought it forth according as my husband commaunded me and burnt the greatest part of the poison and the rest I reserued that if after my husbands death your grace should vse me vnkindly it might serue me to escape those extremities that would betide me After she had spoken thus she brought forth before them all the poison and the box wherein it was kept After her another of Antiphilus brothers and the mother to them both confessed no lesse being constrained thereunto by force and violence of torture and acknowledged the box The kings wife also who was the daughter of the high priest was accused for confederacie and concealement of all these treasons For which cause Herode put her away from him and raced his sonnes name out of his testament wherein he had bequeathed him the kingdome after his decease He displaced also his father in law Simon the sonne of Boëthus from the priesthood and placed Matthias the sonne of Theophilus who was borne in Ierusalem in his steed In the meane space Bathillus Antipaters freeman returned from Rome who being tortured confessed that he brought a poison with him to deliuer it to Antipaters mother and Pheroras to the ende that if the first poison were not effectuall enough to dispatch the king they might make vse of this other to cut him off speedily There came letters also to Herods hands from his friends in Rome written and deuised by Antipaters meanes to accuse Archelaus and Philip for that verie often they had refreshed the memorie of Alexander and Aristobulus death contriued by their father and for that they lamented the miserable fate of them who were innocently betraied and that now also they themselues were called backe into their countrey for no other cause but vpon their arriuall to be made partakers of their brothers miserable destinie These things did Antipaters friends certifie Herod of in that by many and mightie presents he wrought them thereunto He himselfe also wrote vnto his father colourably after a maner excusing the young men and imputing their words to their indiscretion young yeers Meane while he busied himselfe in accusing Syllaeus and coutted the chiefest Romans buying
afflicted with many calamities and murthers yet that there is no example extant amongst their monuments of antiquitie that may be compared with their present calamitie vnder Herode For which cause vpon iust respects they had with one consent named Archelaus their king supposing that whatsoeuer king might befall them he would alwaies demeasne himselfe more affably then Herode had done and that to honour Archelaus they had mourned with him for his father to gratifie him in other things to the intent they might tie his good affection vnto them But he without delay and all at once had made manifest to the whole nation what opinion they were to conceiue of him notwithstanding that as yet he was not confirmed king for that it lay in Caesars hands to bequeath it yea or no and as if he had beene afraid least he should assuredly be acknowledged for his fathers sonne he had shewed an example of his vertue moderation and good gouernment that he would vse towards his subiects by the first act which he hath committed not onely against God but also against men For in the temple it selfe he hath caused three thousand of his owne countrimen to be slaine And how can he chuse but ◅e iustly hated who besides his other cruelties obiecteth against vs the crime of rebellion and mutiny The effect of their request therefore was this that they might not any more be gouerned by a king nor any such like gouernment but that they might be annexed vnto Syria and submit themselues vnto those uernours that should be sent thither That in so doing it should truly appeare whether they were seditious and addicted to chaunges or whether they would liue in peace at such time as they had fauourable gouernours After the Iewes had spoken to this effect Nicholas discharged the kings of those accusations that were obiected against them and namely Herode who as he said had neuer beene accused all his life time and that it was no reason that they who iustly accusing him might haue caused him to be punished during his life time should now addresse their accusations against him after he was dead And as touching those things that were obiected concerning Archelaus actions it ought to be imputed to their insolence for that engaging themselues in matters contrarie to law and hauing begunne to murther those who sought to appease the tumult they accused such as had kept them in obedience Besides this he obiected against them that they were addicted to alterations and tooke pleasure to stirre vp seditions for that they knew not what thing it was to obey iustice and the lawes and that there was no nation in the world so headstrong as that of the Iewes for that they would haue the vpper hand ouer all Thus spake Nicholas CHAP. XIII Caesar confirmes Herodes testament and appointeth his children to be his successors WHen Caesar had heard these things he dismissed the assembly But some few daies after he desirous to make an end of this matter declared Archelaus not king but Lord of halfe that gouernment that appertained to Herode promising him to bestow a royall dignitie vpon him if so be he behaued himselfe vertuously according as it became him As for the other moitie he deuided it betweene two giuing a seuerall part thereof to each of Herodes sonnes Philip and Antipas who debated with his brother Archelaus for the whole kingdome The same Antipas also had the countrey on the other side of Iordan and Galilee with two hundreth talents of annuall reuenue As for Philip he had Bathanea Trachonitis and Auranitis and part of the pallace that was called by Zenodorus name with one hundreth talents As for Archelaus he had Idumaea Iudaea Samaria which were discharged of the fourth part of the tributes by Caesar for that they had not ioyned themselues with the rest of the people during the time of the sedition Besides that Archelaus had the tower of Straton Sebaste Ioppe and Ierusalem For Gaza Gadara and Hippon were cities of Greece which Caesar had dismembred and adioyned to Syria Archelaus had fiue hundreth talents of yeerely rent out of his countrey Thus was the patrimony deuided among Herodes sonnes As for Salome besides that which her brother had giuen her in his will which were the cities of Iamnia Azot Phasaelis and halfe a million of siluer money Caesar granted her a royall house in Ascalon so as she receiued in the whole sixtie talents of annuall reuenue and had her house allotted her within the dominion of Archelaus All other of Herodes kinred receiued that which was bequeathed vnto them by his testament Two of his daughters that were vnmaried were endowed by Caesar with a quarter of a million of siluer mony which he gaue them beside their fathers portion and they were maried to Pheroras sonnes Moreouer he gaue Herodes sonnes all that which he had giuen him by his testament amounting to the summe of one thousand fiue hundreth talents contenting himselfe onely to receiue some fewe mooueables not so much for their value as in remembrance of the king who had giuen them CHAP. XIIII Of the counterfaite Alexander AFter these things were in this sort disposed by Caesar a young man and a Iew borne brought vp in the citie of Sidon by a certaine Roniane libertine ◅uded himselfe into Herodes kinred for that all those that beheld him reported that he resembled Alexander Herods sonne who was slaine by him and by this means he began to aspire vnto the kingdom whereupon calling to him a companion who was his owne countriman and a long beaten courteour and his craftimaister and fit to execute any dangerous and desperat actions he by his instructions sained himselfe to be that Alexander Herods sonne who was deliuered from death by the meanes of a certaine friend who had the charge to see him executed who executing others in their steeds deliuered both him and his brother Aristobulus that they were both escaped in this manner Being puffed vp by these toyes hee failed not to deceiue other men and as soone as he came to Creete as manie Iewes soeuer as hee fell in conference with hee perswaded them no lesse and getting much money at their hands he sailed into the Isle of Melos where he gathered a great summe of money vnder pretext that hee was of the Kings bloud And now hoping that he should recouer his fathers kingdome and that he should remunerate those who were beneficiall vnto him hee hasted towards Rome accompanied with his friends in great pompe And being arriued at Puteol he there also was entertained with no lesse fauour by those Iewes whom he deceiued by his colourable title and diuers others who had been Herods friends and familiars came vnto him and entertained him as their king The cause hereof was the natural dispositiō of men who take pleasure in false reports together with the report of his resemblance For they that had
countrimen haue been the actors of our tragedie This considered if any man of too seuere and stoicall iudgement shall reprehend this my lamentation let such a one attribute the deeds I recount to the historie which I write and reserue the lamentations and sorrowes therof to me who am the historiographer although in my mind I may iustly challenge the smoothe tounged Grecians for that notwithstanding these our so miserable and so memorable warres hapned in their daies in respect wherof all other former troubles were obscure and of no reckoning they haue restrained their tongues pens and vndertaken an ouercurious silence to the end they might carpe at those with greater libertie who vndertake the publishing thereof whom though in learning and eloquence they both exceede and outstrip yet are they inferiour vnto them in the matter and subiect they intreat of For they forsooth discipher and set downe the valiant acts of the Assyrians and Medes as who should say the ancient writers had but coldly and scarce conceitfully handled the same and yet God knoweth they come so far behinde those auncient authors in their writings as they neither second them in sense nor equall them in vnderstanding For such as in times past published any worthy historie endeuoured to write that which they themselues had seene and for that each of them were eie witnesses of those affaires they committed to writing they more effectually performed all that which they promised the rather for that they accounted it to be an act of dishonestie to report and publish lies in steed of a historie And truely in my opinion that man is both worthy commendation and praise who striueth by his studious indeuours to register not onely the occurrences of times past but also those memorable euents that haue hapned in his daies and he only and truely is to be accounted industrious not that altereth and prâ—…neth at his pleasure an other mans works but he that of himselfe compileth a historie wherof no man hath before time written For mine owne part the rather for that I am a stranger I haue beene inforced to my no small labour and expence to refresh the memorie and truth of these euents in the eares of the Greeks and Romans For as touching their owne learned men their mouthes are alwaies open to gaines and controuersies and to this purpose their tongues still run on pattens marie if they come to a historie wherein they should both tell truth and with great labour enquire of those things that are past here are they mum the trauell is too tedious the bit is in their teeth so that they leaue the matter to their performance who are incapable and vnapt both in stile and studie to register the noble actions of royall princes Since therefore the Grecians make no account of the truth of historie it behooueth vs both to esteeme and honour it Now to discouer vnto you the originall of the Iewes what their estate hath been in times past and after what manner they departed out of Aegypt to shew what countries theâ—… conquered and what colonies they planted were in my iudgment both impertinent and to little purpose considering that diuers of mine own nation haue before my time made and written an exact historie of the noble attempts of our auncestors yea many Greeks also haue translated these mens writings into their owne tongue and haue as truly as rhetorically exemplified the same I will therfore begin my historie in that time where these writers and our owne prophets ceased and set downe at large all those warres that hapned in my time and as for those things that exceede my knowledge and remembrance I will onely touch them briâ—…ly and in a word or two First how Antiochus surnamed Epiphanes tooke the Citie of Ierusalem and possessed the same for the space of three yeeres and six moneths and finally how he was driâ—…en out of that countrey by the Asmoâ—…eans After this I will set downe the dissensions that hapned amongst Antiochus successors for the kingdome and how by this meanes they drew Pompey and the Romans into the managing and medling with their affaires How Herod likewise the sonne of Antipater being assisted by Sosius vtterly ouerthrew and canceld their felicitie authoritie and how in Augustus Caesars time and after the death of Herod and during the gouernment of Quintilius Varo a sedition â—…s raised among the people and how in the twâ—… yeere of Neros raigne the warre began to take head and continuance That likewise which happened in Cestius time and what warlike executions the Iewes performed in their first attempts and reuolts how they strengthened the Cities and forts about them and how Nero hearing of the great â—…er throw which his army receiued vnder Cestius their Generall and fearing least he should lose all made Titus Vespasian the Generall of his army who being attended by his eldest sonne came into Iudaea accompanied with as great a company of Romans as he could possibly gather what number of their allies inuaded spoiled Galilee what Cities they surprised in that place eâ—…r by forcible assault or by any other composition Besides all these things I will expresse what order and discipline the Romans obserue in their wars and wherein they are accustomed to exercise their souldiers I will note downe also the places and nature of the countrey of Gâ—…ee and the description of Iudaea togither with the mountaines lakes and fountains thereof with all the properties of the same not forgetting those miseries which the captiue Cities suffered neither how they were surprised All which togither with all those â—…ils and miseries which during those troubles befell me will I discouer and discourse with all truth and diligence the rather in that I publish them in thâ—…r eares who are no waies ignorant of thâ—…m After this I will set downe how vpon the decliâ—…g and downfall of the Iewes Nero died and how at such time as Vespasian had vndertaken the expedition to Ierusalem he was withheld from the action to receiue and enioy the imperial dignitie How at that instant when he retired himselfe into Aegypt to establish that estate the Iewes began to mutinie among themselues how many tyrants arose amongst them who hatched much ciuil discord and debate in their gouernment Againe how Titus departing out of Aegypt came the second time into Iudaea and ranged ouer the countrey and how and where he leuied and encamped his armies How and how oftentimes the city hath been vexed by sedition especially at such time as he himselfe was present What onsets he gaue how many mounts he raised in begirting the city with a treble walithe strength and prouision of the Citie the scituation and platforme of the Temple and the altars therein the rites and ceremonies which were vsed vpon festiuall daies the 7. purifications and offices of the priests the garments also of the high priest and the holy sanctuary of the
but also prouided victuals for his army Whereupon the citizens of Memphis would not fight but yeelded of their own accord vnto Mithridates so that passing through Delta he fought with the other Aegyptians in a place called the tents of the Iewes being with all his cōpany in danger he was rescued by Antipater who marching along the riuer side set vpon discomfited the left wing of the enemies battel rushing vpon them that pressed vpon Mithridates he slue many pursued the rest that fled till he got their tents and al with the losse of fourescore men But Mithridates flying lost eight hundreth men being against all hope preserued out of those wars was without all enuie a true witnes before Caesar of al that vvhich Antipater had both done deserued Wherupon Caesar redoubled his courage vvith praise and promises vnto him and made him forward to hazard himselfe for him In a word he proued shewed himselfe a stout vvarrior hauing many vvounds in euery part of his bodie he bare a badge testimonie of his valour and vertue Afterward when the state of Aegypt was quiet he returned into Syria where he made him a citizen of Rome and granted him the immunities thereof and did so honour him in other things and vse him so friendly that he made him a patterne for all to imitate and for his sake he confirmed Hyrcanus in the high Priesthood CHAP. VIII How Antipater was accused before Caesar of the Priesthood of Hyrcanus and how Herode made warre AT the same time Antigonus the sonne of Aristobalus repairing to Caesar against his will was a cause of Antipaters greater felicity for comming to complain of his fathers death who was as it was thought through Pompeies enuie poisoned and to accuse Scipio of crueltie which was vsed against his brother whereas he should haue abandoned all passion which moued him to mingle hatred with his miseries contrariwise he accused Hyrcanus and Antipater as though they had vniustly driuen him and his brethren out of their natiue soile and grieuously iniured the people to obtaine their intent Alleadging that they had sent aide into Aegypt to Caesars forces not for good will but for feare of auncient enmitie and that hereby they might acquite themselues of the good will they bare to Pompey At these words Antipater casting away his vesture shewed the number of his wounds saying it was not needfull to vse words to proue what affection he had borne to Caesar for his verie body would shew it although hee himselfe held his peace adding that he admired the impudent boldnesse of Antigonus who being sonne to an enemie of the Romans and a fugitiue from the Romans and still continued his fathers purpose of noueltie and sedition should dare to accuse others before the Roman Emperour demaunding of him how he durst hope to obtaine any good thing who ought to be contented with his life onely alleadging that hee craued not maintenance for that he wanted but that he might raise a rebellion amongst the Iewes and against them who should bestow any thing vpon him Which when Caesar heard he said that Hyreanus was most worthy to be high priest and bid Antipater wish what dignitie he would haue who leauing that to the pleasure of the giuer he was made gouernour of all Iudaea And moreouer he obtained to reedifie the rased wals of his countrey and Caesar commanded that those honours should be engraued in the Capitoll that it might be a token in time to come of Antipaters Iustice and vertue Antipater hauing attended Caesar out of Syria first of all repaired the ruined walles of his countrey which Pompey had raced and going thorowout all the countrey he threatned the obstinate and perswaded the seditious to obedience admonishing them that if they obeied Hyrcanus they might liue in wealth and peace and enioy happinesse and an vniuersall selicitie but if they suffered themselues to be led with the vaine hopes of those who for their priuate commodities sought for alteration that then they should find him in steed of a Procurator the Lord of all and Hyrcanus in steed of a king a tyrant and the Romans and Caesar in steed of friends deadly enemies for that they would not suffer his power to be ouerthrowne whom they themselues had established for king But notwithstanding he spake these words yet because he saw Hyrcanus more dull and not of so seruent a spirit as the care of a kingdome required he himselfe setled the estate of the countrey and made Phasaelus his eldest sonne gouernour of the army and the Lord of Ierusalem and of his owne liuing and sent Herode his youngest son to gouerne Galilee although he was very young who being by nature of a valiant courage found out a present occasion to shew his braue minde for he tooke Ezechias which was captain of theeues who as he vnderstood was woont to pray vpon the confines of Syria with a great multitude and put him to death with many other theeues which thing was so gratefull vnto the Syrians that in all townes and villages they made songs of Herod as though he had restored them to peace and to their possessions At length the glorie of this fact came to the eares of Sextus Caesar who was Caesar the Emperours kinsman who then ruled Syria Phasaelus also did striue to ouercome the towardnesse and good reputation of his brother by daily increasing and winning to himselfe the good wils of the inhabitants of Ierusalem so that during the time he gouerned the Citie he did nothing insolently through might or power for which cause the people honoured Antipater as their king and reuerenced him as Lord of all yet was his fidelitie and good will neuerthelesse towards Hyrcanus But it is impossible that any man that liueth in prosperitie should not be enuied For Hyrcanus although before time he were mooued something at the glorie of these young men and especially with the prosperous successe of Herod being often annoied with frequent messengers who spred his praise for euerie thing he did yet in particular he was stirred vp by many enuious persons who are woont to haunt the courts of Princes who were grieued that Antipater and his sonnes ruled without offence These men tolde Hyrcanus that he onely enioyed the bare name of a king and that Antipater and his sonnes ruled all and that he so long would permit winke at them til that at last they would make themselues kings for they now did no more so much as pretend themselues to be procurators But leauing that title they took vpon them the dignities of Lords and maisters without any regard or reuerence toward him for Herod had put to death a great multitude of Iewes against the law whereas neither by word of mouth nor by writing the king had giuen him any such authoritie and that Herode if he were not a king but a priuate
Iudaea But it so came to passe that the power and expectation which all men had of Herod was the cause of Antipater his fathers death For Malichus being hereby put in feare hired one of the kings officers for a certaine sum of money to poison Antipater by which means he died being thus vniustly rewarded for his good will toward wretched Malichus He was a worthy man and fit to gouerne who had recouered the kingdome being lost for Hyrcanus Malichus who perceiued that the people were incēsed against him because they suspected that he had poisoned Antipater pacified and moderated their displeasure by denying the fact yet to the intent he might be stronger he gathered about him a guard of armed men for he thought that Herod would not let the matter slip so but that he would presently come with an army to reuenge his fathers death But by the counsell of his brother Phasaelus who sent him word that he should not openly be reuenged vpon Malichus least a sedition might arise amongst the people he patiently permitted it so to be and suffered Malichus to purge himselfe and permitted him to be freed from suspition and celebrated a most solemne funerall for his father which done he went vnto Samaria and appeased the sedition wherewithall the Citie was disquieted After this he returned to Ierusalem intending in that place to celebrate the festiuitie sending certaine of his armed men before him and appointing the rest to accompanie him But Malichus who feared this approch of his had sollicited Hyrcanus to giue order that no strangers should intermingle themselues among the people who were at that time purified But Herod contemning both him that commanded and his commission entred the Citie by night whereupon Malichus once more came vnto him and wept for Antipater Herod although he could verie hardly bridle his displeasure yet dissembled he the same and sent letters vnto Cassius wherein he complained of his fathers death the memorie of whose hate being refreshed by this offence he writ againe vnto Herod willing him to reuenge his fathers death which that he might the better effect he secretly commanded the captaines of his regiment that they should assist Herode Now for that after the surprisall of Laodicea all the best of the Citie came to Herod bringing gifts and crownes he appointed this for a fit time of his intended reuenge Now Malichus suspecting that Herod would worke reuenge at Tyre purposed secretly to get away his sonne who was there a pledge and he himselfe purposed to flie into Iudaea But despaire of his owne safetie vrged him to greater matters for he hoped to incite the Iewes to take armes against the Romans for that Cassius was now busie in the wars against Antonius so that he thought he might easily depose Hyrcanus and so make himselfe king But he was preuented by the destinies for Herode suspecting his purpose inuited him and Hyrcanus to supper at which time he made a shew as though he had sent one of his seruants to cause a banquet to be prepared but indeed he sent him to the captaines to foretell them that they mightlie in waite for Malichus who remembring what charge Cassius gaue them came foorth of the Citie vnto the shore next adioyning vnto the towne all armed with swords where compassing Malichus round about they killed him with many wounds Hyrcanus hereat astonished fell in a swoun being scarcely come to himselfe he demaunded who killed Malichus One of the captaines answered that Cassius gaue that commandement whereupon he answered truly Cassius hath preserued me and my countrey in killing him who was a traitor to vs both but whether herein he spake as he thought or that for feare he approued the fact it is vncertaine And thus was Herod reuenged vpon Malichus CHAP. X. How Herod was accused and reuenged AFter Cassius was departed from Syria there arose another sedition amongst them in Ierusalem for Felix came with an armie against Phasaelus thinking so to be reuenged vpon Herod for killing Malichus It chanced that Herod at that time was at Damascus with Fabius a Romane Captaine who comming to assist Phasaelus by the way fell sick so that he could not succour him but it so fel out that Phasaelus without any helpe did of himselfe ouercome Felix and therewithall reproued Hircanus as vngratefull who had both fauoured Felix and suffered Malichus his brother to take and keepe his castles for alreadie had he seazed many of them and especially one of greatest strength called Massada yet all these did not protect him from the violence of Herod who was no sooner recouered of his sicknesse but presently tooke all the rest Massada and at Hircanus humble suit permitted him to depart from thence He also chased Marion the tyrant of the Tyrians out of Galilee who occupied three castles in that country as for all the Tyrians that he tooke he spared their liues sent some away with rewards whereby he got the good will of the citie and the hatred of the Tyrant This Marion was made Tyrant of Tyria by Cassius who through the means of such like instruments had gotten into his hand all Syria Marion for the hatred he bare to Herod tooke with him Antigonus Aristobulus his son by Fabius his means whom Antigonus had gained vnto himselfe for money he also got Ptolomaeus to assist him in this expedition Now Ptolomaeus who was father in law to Antigonus furnished him with al necessaries Herod likewise preparing himselfe against them gaue thē battel in the entrance into Iudaea got the victory hauing put Antigonus to flight he returned into Ierusalē where he was honoured by all men for his desert in that victory so that euen they that before despised him by reason of his affinity newly contracted with Hyrcanus sought his friendship and familiarity This Herod long before this time had a wife which was a noble woman of that countrey named Doris had by her a son named Antipater but he thē maried Mariamme Alexanders daughter who was Aristobulus his son Hyrcanus his neece by reason whereof he came to be familiar with the king But when Cassius was slaine neere vnto Philippi Caesar departed into Italy Antonius into Asia at which time the chiefe of the Iewes came accused Phasaelus and Herod alledging that they by force got vnto themselues the rule disposition of the country and left Hyrcanus only the bare name of a king But Herod being thē present so woon wrought himselfe into Antonius fauour by a great sum of mony that he permitted not his enemies to speak one word more who thereupon returned home Afterward a hundreth men of the most honorable amongst the Iewes repaired to Daphne neere Antiochia vnto Antonius now doting on the loue of Cleopatra who being chosen from amongst the rest because of their eloquence nobility of birth propounded an accusation against the two brethren
Messala presented himselfe to returne them answer being assisted by Hycanus by reason of the affinitie that was between him Herod Antonius hauing heard both parties demanded of Hyrcanus whom he thought to be fittest to gouerne their commonwealth who answered Herod his brethren Whereat Antonius was exceoding glad for he had bin their fathers guest and was most courteously entertained by Antipater when he came with Gabinius into Iudaea thereupon he made them both Tetrarchs leauing vnto them the rule of all Iudaea which when the Iewes Embassadors misliked he tooke fifteen of thē and put them in prison where he almost killed them and reiected derided the rest wherupon there arose greater tumults amongst them in Ierusalem At last the Iewes sent another embassage of a thousand men vnto Tyre where Antonius soiorned with an intent to come to Ierusalem with violence Antonius hearing their exclaimes sent out the Magistrates of Tyre against them commanding them to kill all they could catch of the Iewes charging them also to confirme their authoritie whom he himselfe had constituted Tetrarchs But Herod Hyrcanus went before them toward the sea shore admonishing thē earnestly to be contented least they by this their indiscreet proceedings should become not only the cause of their owne deaths but also of war against their country but for that they would not be reclaimed by these admonitiōs Antonius sent out certaine armed men who killed many of them wounded the rest Hyrcanus after this desaster both caused the dead to be buried the wounded to be cured notwithstāding all this they that escaped would not containe themselues in peace but they so troubled the citie that Antonius in his displeasure slue those that he had in hold CHAP. XI Of the warre of the Parthians against the Iewes of the slight of Herode and his fortune TWo yeeres after this Barzapharnes gouernour of the Parthians accompanied with Pacorus the kings sonne seased vpon Syria and Lysanias who succeeded his father Ptolemaeus sonne of Minaeus promising a thousand talents and fiue hundreth women perswaded him to put Antigonus in possession of the kingdome of Iudaea and depose Hyrcanus Pacorus induced by these promises went himselfe along the sea coast giuing commaundement to Barzapharnes to passe through the midst of the countrey but amongst the rest of the places bordering on the sea the Tyrians would not receiue Pacorus notwithstanding that the citizens of Ptolemais and Sidon had giuen him entertainment wherefore he gaue part of his horsemen vnto one who was the kings butler called Pacorus as himselfe was commaunding him to passe into Iudaea and learne what their enemies ment to doe and to helpe Antigonus where neede required Who as they vvasted the countrey about Carmelus many Iewes came of their owne accord and ioyned with Antigonus shewing themselues verie prompt to fight for vvhich cause he sent them before to take a place called Drymos where hauing fought vvith his enemies and put them to flight he pursued them with all speed as farre as Ierusalem and his number being augmented he came vnto the kings house But Hyrcanus and Phasaelus met them with a strong company and fought vvith them in the market place where the enemies were forced to flie and part of them vvere by Herode shut vp in the temple and he appointed sixtie men to keepe them vvhich he placed in the houses next adioyning but the people bearing a grudge to the two brethren burnt them vvith fire vvhereat Herod being angrie for that his men vvere consumed with fire set vpon the people and killed a great many of them and euery houre one laid wait for another so that euery day some was murthered Now the feast of Pentecost drawing nigh all places about the temple and all the vvhole citie vvas filled with people of the countrey whereof the most part was armed and Phasaelus kept the walles and Herode vvith a small company kept the kings pallace who assaulting their enemies vpon a sodaine as they were in the suburbs killed a great many of them and put al the rest to flight part of them he couped vp in the citie others he shut in the temple and the rest betweene the vttermost Rampire Whereupon Antigonus requested that Pacorus might come and conclude a peace betwixt them Phasaelus moued by these his praiers receiued the Parthian into the citie entertained him into his house accompanied with fiue hundreth horsmen vvho came vnder a pretence to make peace but in effect he resorted thither to helpe Antigonus he craftily conspiring against Phasaelus perswaded him to repaire vnto Barzapharnes as an Embassador to treat a peace notwithstanding that Herode altogither disswaded him vvilling him to kill the traitor and not to trust his subtiltie adding that the Parthians were naturally vnfaithfull Pacorus departing out of the citie tooke Hyrcanus with him that he might be the lesse suspected and leauing some horsemen with Herode named Eleutheri he followed Phasaelus with the rest When they came neere vnto Galilee they found the inhabitants at variance and vp in armes and met with Barzapharnes vvho craftily with pretence of courtesie and friendship hid his trecherie who after he had bestowed gifts vpon them and that they were retired laid an ambush for them vvhereof they had intelligence at such time as they came vnto a place of the sea coast named Ecdippon For in this place they vnderstood of the thousand talents that vvere promised and how that Antigonus had giuen the Parthians more then fiue hundreth vvomen of those that were amongst them and that oftentimes they had beene laid wait for and that they had beene lately taken but that delay was made till such time as Herode vvas surprised in Ierusalem for feare least he hearing vvhat vvas become of them might prouide for himselfe Now they might perceiue that these vvere not only vvords for they might behold their keepers not farre off yet vvould not Phasaelus forsake Hyrcanus notwithstanding that Offilius often exhorted him to flie vnto vvhom Saramalla the richest amongst the Syrians had declared all the platforme of their treason but he chose rather to go vnto Barzapharnes to vpbraid him to his face that he had trecherously laid vvait for him but especially for that in regard of mony he had suffered himselfe to be corrupted vvheras he himself vvould haue giuen more for his life and liberty then Antigonus had done for the kingdome At these words the Parthian with oaths protestations craftily freed himselfe from suspition and no sooner repaired he to Pacorus but presently the Parthians who stayed behind and had charge so to doe laid hands on Phasaelus and Hyrcanus who openly exclaimed against their falsehood and periurie In the meane time a butler was sent out for that purpose who sought to surprise Herod and by some stratageme to toul him out of the Citie who wrought by all the meanes hee could according as
came flocking vnto him a verie great number of Iewes both from Iericho and from other parts of the countrey some of them hating Antigonus other some louing Herode for his valiant deeds for many without any reason desired an alteration Whilest thus he hasted to fight Pappus with his men neither fearing the multitude nor strength of their â—…nemies came fiercely vpon them and offered battell The battell being begun the others awhile abstained only Herod remembring his brothers death ventured more then the rest to the end to be reuenged vpon them that were the authors thereof and so he easily ouercame the enemies army and still assaulting the fresh men he put them all to flight There was a mightie slaughter for many being forced to flie into the village from whence they came he pursued them and slew an infinite number Lastly rushing amongst the enemies that fled he brake into the village where all the houses were full of armed men and euerie house toppe full of men to defend it and because he easily ouercame those that were abroad he ouerthrew the houses and so forced them that were within to come foorth Others he killed in companies with the ruines of the houses wherein they were and if any one chaunced to escape the same the souldiers that were ready armed with swords killed him so that there were such heaps of dead bodies that they who had the victorie could not passe thorow the streets for them The enemies were so discouraged with this ouerthrow that the whole multitude of them seeing those that were slaine in the village fled away and Herod by the benefit of his good fortune had euen then come to Ierusalem had not winter stormes hindred him which was the onely cause that he at that time got not a full conquest and that Antigonus was not vtterly ouerthrowne who thorow feare and desperation was purposed to leaue the Citie But Herode towards night hauing giuen his friends leaue to depart to rest their wearie bodies being himselfe heated with his armour after the manner of souldiers went to wash himselfe accompanied onely with one page And before he came to the bath one of his enemies met him hauing a sword drawne in his hand and then another and afterwards a third and after them more and these escaped out of the battell and came to the bath to hide themselues and seeing the king there they were sore affraid and sought to hide themselues and so passed by him being astonished and amazed although the king at that time was naked and weaponlesse in so much as none were present there to surprise them they escaped and Herode was verie well contented that he had no harme by them The next day after he beheaded Pappus who was the Generall of Antigoâ—…s his army and sent his head to his brother Pheroras who was ruler of his army in reuenge of his brother that was slaine for Pappus was he that slew Ioseph The winter being past he with his army came to Ierusalem and besieged it pitching his tents before the temple where it was easiest to take the Citie and where before time Pompey had entred it which was about the third yeere after Herod was made king in Rome Now when he had quartered his army as he thought best for his purpose and cut off the suburbs he caused three rampiers to be raised and towers to be builded vpon them and leauing there his trustie friends that would not slacke their businesse he went into Samaria to visit his betrothed which was the daughter of Alexander who was sonne to Aristobulus who as we before made mention was despoâ—…sed vnto him he wedded her euen in the time of the siege as who should say now he contemned his enemies after his marriage rites were performed he returned to Ierusalem with a far greater army Sosius also seconded him with a great army of footmen and horsemen whom he sent before him through the middest of the countrey and he himselfe came after by Phoenicia Now when all his whole army was assembled togither to the number of about some 11. legions of footmen and six thousand horsemen beside the Syrians that came to helpe him which were no small number he laid his assault and batterie to the northermost wall and the rather because he thought himselfe warranted by the decree of the Senate whereby he was declared to be king Sosius also was warranted by Antonies letters whereby he commanded him to helpe Herode with all the army that was vnder his gouernment Meane while those Iewes that were within the Citie were diuersly troubled for a multitude of the weaker sort gathering themselues togither about the temple grew to this resolution that whosoeuer should fortune to die in this attempt should be most happy and beloued by God But those who were hardiest amongst theâ—… ioyning themselues togither robbed and tooke away from the rest what they could but in especiall they tooke victuals from that part that was next the Citie so that they neither left meat for horses nor men and the valiantest of them all being set to defend the wals against those that besieged them hindred the aduersarie from erecting their rampiers so that they still found some new deuice to hinder the force of their engines neither did they any waies preuaile so much as by their mines which they made As for the theeues the king sought to represse their excursions by placing an ambush of men to intercept them by which meanes he relieued the want and scarcitie of victuals by fetching prouision from places farre distant But notwithstanding they in their fight faiâ—… in no sort to expresse their incredible â—…lour yet did that militarie experience which the Romans had ouermaster them by ods Naithelesse notwithstanding the imminent danger wherein they were plunged they fought with them in open field but where it chanced that the Romans by digging two seuerall mines brake all at once into the midst of them yet sodainly repaired they the breach that was made in the wall and fortified the other part thereof In a word they neither spared hands nor engines but were all of them determined to fight it out euen vnto the last cast and although they were besieged with so huge an army yet they defended the town from them fiue moneths till such time as certaine of Herodes chosen men valiantly scaling and clearing the wals brake into the Citie and aâ—…er them Sosius his Centurions Those places that neerest adioyned the temple were the first of all that they intercepted the whole army entring the citie it was lamentable to see how in euerie corner y e people were massacred for the Romans being displeased that the siege continued so long time became more cruell and Herods army endeuoured to let no one of the aduerse part escape By which meanes many were slaine both in the narrowest places of the streetes as also in their owne houses yea euen then also
friends according to their deserts And all the kings kinred by the kings appointment and consent bestowed rich gifts vpon Archelaus and both he and all his nobilitie accompanied him to Antiochia Not long after there came one into Iudaea far more subtil then Archelaus who both disanulled the reconciliation made for Alexander and caused his death also This man was a Lacedemonian borne named Eurycles who by money sought to haue obtained the kingdome This man brought vnto Herode rich gifts as it were for a bait of that he intended he had so behaued himselfe in Greece that it could no longer tolerate his excesse and Herode againe rewarded him with farre greater gifts then those were that he gaue him but he esteemed his liberality as nothing except he bought it with the bloud of Princes For which cause he circumuented the king partly by flattering him partly by praising him fainedly and especially by his owne craft and subtiltie and quickly perceiuing his inclination he both in word and deed sought to please him 〈◊〉 so that the king accounted him amongst his chiefest friends For both the king and all the nobilitie honoured him the more for his country sake in that he was a Lacedemonian But he very easily perceiuing the feeble stay of Herodes house and the hatred betweene the brethren and how the king was affected towards euery one of them he first of all entertained himselfe at Antipaters house making a shew in the meane while of good will towards Alexander pretending protesting that in times past he had beene Archelaus companion by this means he quickly crept into fauor with him as an approued friend which was the cause that he was sodainly entertained for a faithful man He presently likewise brought him into friendship with Aristobulus hauing sounded euery mans disposition he accommodated himselfe vnto all humours and to begin withal he became Antipaters pensioner and a traitor to Alexander And he often vsed hot words to Antipater as it were childing him that he being eldest of the brethren so slenderly looked after them who pretended to put him besides the crown which was his right He many times likewise vsed the like words to Alexander admiring him who was borne of a Queen husband to a Queene yet would permit such a one who was descēded of a priuat woman to succeed in the kingdom especially seeing he had such occasion opportunitie to effect the contrary for he might assure himself of Archelaus his helpe in any thing Alexander supposed he had spoken as he thought because he counterfaited friendship with Archelaus so that he misdoubting nothing disclosed vnto him all his mind concerning Antipater saying that it was no wonder though Herode disinherited them of the kingdome since before time he had slaine their mother Eurycles counterfaiting himselfe both to pitie them and to be sorrowfull for their mischance entised Aristobulus to speake the like and hauing animated them both to complaine in this sort against their father he presently went to Antipater and disclosed to him all their secrets forging also the trechery which those two brethren intended against him which was to dispatch him with their swords For this cause Antipater gaue him a great summe of money and commended him to his father and being hired to effect the death of Alexander and Aristobulus he himselfe became their accuser Whereupon he came vnto Herode and told him how in regard of those benefits which he had receiued at his hand he would now bestow his life vpon him and the light of this world for recompence of his hospitalitie affirming that Alexander had lately stretched forth his hand with his sword drawne to kill him and he onely was the cause that he performed it not by staying his hand and promising him to assist him in the matter adding that Alexander vsed these speeches That Herod was not contented to enioy a kingdome which was another mans right nor yet as it were to dismember his kingdome after Mariammes death but he would also leaue the kingdome belonging vnto their ancestors vnto a pernicious bastard Antipater and for that cause hee would reuenge Hyrcanus and Mariammes death And that it was not conuenient to receiue the kingdome from such a father without bloud and euery day he had occasion giuen him so to doe for he could speake nothing without calumniation For if any mention were made at any time of any ones nobilitie presently he was vpbraided without cause for his father would presently say there is none noble but Alexander whose fathers base birth is a shame and discredit vnto him And that going a hunting if he held his peace his father was offended if he praised then it was said he mocked so that in euerie thing he found his fathers affection turned from him that he was only fauourable to Antipater so that he would die with all his heart if he failed of his purpose if he killed him his father in law Archelaus would worke his safetie to whom he might easily flie And after he would go to Caesar who as yet knew not Herods manners for he would not stand before him then as he did before being terrified because his father was present neither would he only speake of his own wrongs but of the wrongs of the whole nation who were oppressed by exactions euen vnto death And then he would lay open in what pleasure and after what sort the money gotten with bloud was consumed and who and what kind of men they were that were thereby enriched and what was the cause of the affliction of the citie and that there he would bewaile the death of his vncle and his mother and vnfold all Herodes wickednes which being once made manifest vnto the world no man would account him a murtherer of his father Eurycles hauing falsely reported this of Alexander fell presently to praise and extoll Antipater affirming that he onely loued his father and hindered such practises The king yet not throughly appeased for that which had past grew into an exceeding agony and Antipater once againe suborned other false witnesses against them who affirmed that they were wont to haue secret talke with Iucundus and Tyrannius who sometime were generals of the kings horsemen who were then displaced for some offence they had committed Whereupon Herod being verie angrie presently tortured them and they affirmed that they were ignorant of all that which was laid to their charge But there was found and brought vnto the king a letter as though it had beene written by Alexander vnto the Gouernour of the Castle of Alexandriam requesting him that he would receiue him and his brother Aristobulus into the Castle when he had killed his father and to assist them both with weapons and other necessaries Alexander affirmed that this letter was counterfeited by Diophantus the Kings Secretarie who was both bold and could counterfeit anie ones hand and hauing counterfeited manie was at
last for the same put to death Herod caused the Gouernour of the castle to be tortured but he confessed nothing that was laid against him and although he had no good proofe of any thing yet he commaunded his two sonnes to bee kept in hold He likewise called Eurycles who was the bane of his house and the breeder of all the mischiefe author of his safetie and one who had well deserued at his hands and gaue him fiftie talents who departing from Iudaea before matters were well knowne went to Archelaus and faining that he had reconciled Alexander and Herod he receiued there a peece of money From thence he went into Achaia and spent that which he had euilly gotten in as bad manner as he got it Lastly he was accused vnto Caesar that he had caused dissension in all Achaia and spoyled the Cities for the which cause hee was banished And this was the punishment which was inflicted vpon him for Alexanders and Aristobulus troubles It is not amisse here in this placeto compare Euaratus of Cous vnto this Eurycles who being a deare friend vnto Alexander and arriuing about the same time that Eurycles did being put to his oath sware that he heard the young men say nothing yet his oath nothing preuailed nor profited them poore soules For Herod would onely heare and giue eare vnto accusatitions and hee highly esteemed them that would beleeue them with him and shewe themselues moued thereat Moreouer Salome encreased his crueltie towards his sonnes for Aristobulus minding to bring her into the same trouble with himselfe who was his mother in law and his Aunt sent vnto her willing her to looke to her selfe as though the King was minded to put her to death Who being now called into question for the matters whereof she was before accused to wit that she purposed to marrie with the kings enemie Syllaeus the Arabian to whom she priuilie reuealed the Kings secrets and this was the vtter ruine of the young men wherewithall they were ouer throwne as it were with a violent tempest For presently Salome went vnto the King and told him what Aristobulus had admonished her of and he being now outragious caused both his sonnes to be bound and imprisoned in seuerall places Then sent he Volumnius who was the Generall of his Armie and Olympus one of his familiar friends vnto Caesar to carie him the informations against his sonnes in writing who sayling to Rome after their arriuall deliuered the Kings letters And Caesar was verie sorie for the young men yet hee permitted the father to doe what hee would with his children and so wrote vnto him that he should haue licence to do what he thought good yet he signified vnto him that he should do better to cal his Nobles together and let them make enquirie concerning the treasons and then if he found them guiltie of these things whereof they were accused to put them to death Hereupon Herod according to Caesars letters and appointment came vnto Berytum and there gathered an assembly to sit in iudgement the chiefe in that iudgement were the Gouernors that Caesar in his letters appointed Saturninus and Pedanius Ambassadors and with them Volumnius Procurator next the kings kinred and Salome and Pheroras and then the nobilitie of Syria Archelaus onely excepted who because he was father in law to his sonne Herod suspected him to be partiall But hee suffered not his sonnes to come into iudgement for he knew that the verie sight of them would haue moued all men to compassion And moreouer if they were permitted to speake for themselues that then Alexander would easily haue acquited them both for which cause they were kept in Platane in a Castle of Sidonia The king beginning his oration was as vehement as though they had beene present against whom he spake and he was halfe afraid to obiect anie treason against them for that he had no proofe thereof and therfore he prosecuted their opprobrious words iniuries and offences which they had committed against him the which he affirmed to be more grieuous then death At last when no man contradicted him he began to lament as though by ouercomming in such sort himself was also ouercome thereupon requested euery one to giue their vedict And first of all Saturninus condemned his sonnes but not to die saying that he had three sonnes present and he thought it not lawfull to adiudge other mens sons to death The two Legats also affirmed the same and many followed their aduise But Volumnius was the first that pronounced the sorrowfull sentence after whom all the rest followed some to flatter Herod some for hatred they bare him but none for anie indignation against the young men Then all Iudaea and Syria expected an end of this tragedie yet no man thought Herod to be such a Tyrant as that he would haue put his two sonnes to death Herod caused his sonnes to be brought to Tyre from thence by ship he conueyed them to Caesarea bethinking himself what death he should put them to In the meane time there was an old souldiour of the kings named Tyro who had a sonne belonging to Alexander and highly in his sauour and he himselfe greatly loued the two young men who being verie much grieued in mind at that which had past went about crying that iustice was troden vnder foote truth opprest that nature was confounded and the life of man full of iniquitie and whatsoeuer else griefe put into his mind who nothing esteemed his owne life At last this Tiro came boldly vnto the king and sayd vnto him O king thou seemest to me most vnhappie who doest giue credite vnto wicked and vile persons against thy dearest sons For Pheroras Salome thou beleeuest before thy owne children whom notwithstanding thou hast often found to haue deserued death and thou dost perceiue that they do this to the intent to make thee want lawfull successors and leaue thee none but Antipater whom they with all their harts would haue king because they can rule him as they list But bethinke thy selfe O king how all thy souldiours will hate him for the death of his two brethren for there is no man that doth not pitie the two young men and many of the Nobilitie are displeased hereat After he had spoken this he named them who were displeased whereupon the king presently commaunded them and him and his sonne to be laid hold on and presently one of the kings Barbers named Tryphon shewing himselfe to be in I know not what furie came forth and said vnto Herode Tiro perswaded me to kill thee with my razour promising me that if I would so do Alexander would giue me great rewards Herod hearing this caused Tiro and his sonne and the barber to be tortured and they denyed all and the Barber affirmed nothing more then hee had already said Then he commaunded Tiro to be more tormented Whereupon his sonne moued with
compassion towards his father promised to disclose all the matter vnto the king so that he would pardon his father who being released of his torments presently declared how his father through Alexanders means and procurement was purposed to haue killed him Manie that were present thought this was a deuise of the young man to free his father from torments and yet others were perswaded that it was true Vpon this Herod made a speech vnto the people wherein he inueighed against the Gouernours of his armie and Tiro and made the people arme themselues and kill both them and the Barber with staues and stones Now he sent his sonnes vnto Sebaste which was not farre from Caesarea and there he caused them to be strangled and hauing quickely dispatched the matter he caused them to bee brought into the Castle Alexandrium there to be buried with their mothers vncle And this was the end of Alexander and Aristobulus CHAP. XVIII Of Antipaters conspiracie against Herod his father BVt Antipater now hoping without all controuersie to succeed in the kingdome was generally hated of the whole nation for it was openly knowne that he by false caluâ—…niations had caused his brethrens deaths And on the other side he stood in no little feare of his brothers children whom he perceiued now to begin to grow to yeares for Alexander had by Glaphyra two sonnes Tigranes and Alexander and Aristobulus had by Berenice daughter to Salome fiue children to wit three sonnes Herod Agrippa and Aristobulus and two daughters Herodias and Mariamme Herod after hee had put Alexander to death sent away Glaphyra with her dowrie into Cappadocia married Berenice Aristobulus his wife vnto Antipaters vncle For Antipater deuised this match to become friends with Salome whom he before time hated and enuied He also by his great gifts sought to get Pheroras fauour and the friendship of such as were friends vnto Caesar sending to that end great summes of money to Rome He gaue Saturninus and all the rest great riches in Syria But the more he gaue the more he was hated of all men for euery one iudged that he did not consume such wealth for that he was liberall but that he lauished it out for feare so that he got not the loue of them vpon whom he bestowed it and they to whom he gaue nothing were so much the more his enemies Yet he became euerie day more bountifull seeing against his expectation Herode made much of their children whose parents he had slaine intending to shew how much hee repented their deaths by the pitie and compassion he tooke vpon their children For assembling together his friends he caused the children to be placed by him and the teares standing in his eyes he sayd Hard cruell and sinister fortune tooke away from me the fathers of these children but I pitie to see them orphans and naturall affection commendeth them vnto me Wherefore I will endeuour that seeing I haue beene an infortunate father I may be a wiser and happier grandfather and leaue them who are most deare vnto me to raigne after me Wherefore brother Pheroras I betroth thy daughter vnto Alexanders eldest sonne that for that cause thou maist be carefull to prouide for him and assist him and vnto thy sonne Antipater I assure the daughter of Aristobulus that so thou maist be a father to her who wants a father and my son Herod whose mothers vncle was high Priest shall marrie with her sister And this is my will and pleasure touching this matter and let no man who loueth me seeke to alter this And I beseech Almightie God for the good of my countrie and of these my Nephewes to prosper these mariages and to looke vpon these children with a more fauourable eye then he did their fathers Hauing thus spoken he wept and ioyned the childrens hands and curteously saluting euerie one he dismissed the Councell Vpon this Antipater was amazed and all the Orphans well perceiued how sorrowfull hee was For now he thought himselfe dishonoured by his father and that his good fortune was endangered seeing that Alexanders sonne was like to haue both Archelaus and Pheroras the Tetrarch to assist him Moreouer he considered how he was hated and how the people did compassionate the children for that they were fatherlesse and affected them remembring their fathers who were dead were terrified at his wickednes Wherfore he attempted all means possible to breake off the marriages yet he feared to insinuate anie thing to his father cunningly who was now verie seuere and warie and mistrustfull And therefore went openly vnto him to make his humble suit request him that he would not leaue him without honour nor depriue him of that dignitie which before time he had iudged him worthy of giuing him onely the bare title of a king and leauing the substance of the kingdome in other mens powers For it would be impossible for him to obtaine the kingdome if Alexanders sonne beside Archelaus his fauor were by marriage made sonne in law vnto Pheroras Wherefore he earnestly besought him that seeing he had a great manie daughters to change the marriages for the king had nine wiues and by seuen of them hee had children Antipater by Doris Herod by Mariamme daughter of the high Priest and Antipas and Archelaus by Malthace the Samaritane and his daughter Olympias whom his brother Ioseph married and by Cleopatra of Ierusalem Herod and Philip and by Pallas Phasaelus he had two other daughters also Roxane and Salome one of them by Phaedra and the other by Elpis Hee had likewise two wiues by whom he had no issue his cousin and his neece and beside these he had two daughters by Mariamme sisters to Aristobulus and Alexander Wherefore Antipater seeing his father had such choise of daughters he requested the mariages to be altered The king well perceiuing his mind and purpose towards the Orphans was verie angrie and calling to remembrance the misfortune of his sonnes whom he had put to death he greatly feared least Antipater by some false accusations should ouerthrow them and so with sharpe words did driue him off for that time yet afterward he so flattered Herod that he got the mariages to be altered And first of all he ioyned Aristobulus daughter with Antipater himselfe and his sonne to Pheroras daughter Here one may see what Antipater could do by flattering speeches for Salome in the like matter could not speed although that she was his sister and procured many times Iulia Caesars wife to speake for her that shee might marie with Syllaeus the Arabian yet was not she permitted so to do But Herode sware that he would account her as an vtter enemie except she would desist from that purpose and afterward against her will he maried her vnto one Alexas a friend of his and one of her daughters to Alexanders sonne and the other to Antipaters vncle As for Mariammes daughters one of them was maried to Antipater his
Varus sitting in iudgement commanded all proofes to be brought and witnesses to appeare amongst whom were certaine of Antipaters mothers seruants lately apprehended who had letters from her to carie vnto him to this effect For asmuch as all those things are now knowne vnto thy father beware that thou returne not vnto him before thou hast obtained some warrant of thy safetie from Caesar. These and others being brought in Antipater also came in with them and prostrating himselfe before his fathers feete he said I beseech thee O father beare no preiudicate opinion against me lend me an open eare whilst I purge my selfe for if you please to giue me leaue I will proue my selfe guiltlesse But Herod with a vehement voice commanding him to hold his tongue spake thus vnto Varus I know Varus that both thou or anie other iust and indifferent Iudge will adiudge Antipater to haue deserued death and I feare me least you also should disdaine me for my bad fortune and thinke me worthy of all calamitie who haue begotten such sonnes as you see And yet this should moue thee so much the more to pitie me who haue beene so mercifull and carefull for such wicked caitifes For I had alreadie appointed those young men that are dead to be kings and brought them vp at Rome gotten them Caesars fauor but they whom I had so much honored and exalted vnto the crowne became traitors against mine owne life whose death was much auaileable to Antipater For his securitie I sought therein because he was a young man and the next that should succeed me but this cruell beast being more then full gorged with my sufferance patience hath emptied his stomacke euen vpon my selfe and thinketh my life too long is grieued that I liue to be old hath attēpted to make himself king not any other way but by murthering his father And for what cause did this come so to passe for that I recalled him out of the field where he was contemptible and casting them off whom I had begotten of a Queene appointed this to be heire of my kingdome I confesse vnto thee Varus my errour for I incited them against mee because that for Antipaters sake I depriued them of their right For wherein had I so well deserued of them as at this mans hands vnto whom being yet aliue I committed the sway and rule of my kingdome and openly in my will and testament declared him to be my heir and successor whole charges I with mine owne money haue still supported notwithstanding that I had bestowed vpon him the yeerely reuenues of fiftie talents And lately when he was to saile to Rome I gaue him three hundred talents and commended him vnto Caesar as the onely man of all my house who had preserued his fathers life And what was their offence if it be compared with Antipaters and what proofe vvas there of that for vvhich they suffred none but that vvhich this fellovv trecherously inuented Nay I may boldly say so of him vvho hath attempted to murder his father and novv doth hope to colour all againe vvith craft and deceit Beware Varus that he deceiue not thee for I knovv this beast and I euen novv see by his fained teares hovv probable a tale he vvill tell This fellovv once vvarned me that vvhilest Alexander liued I should bevvare of him and not put euerie one in trust vvith my person This is he vvho vvas vvont to go before me into my bed-chamber and looke about in euerie corner least some should haue lyen in vvait to haue effected any treason against me This is he vvho vvatched me in my sleepe and through vvhom I thought my selfe secure vvho comforted me vvhen I mourned for them that vvere put to death This is he vvho censured the good vvil of his brethren vvhen they vvere aliue This vvas my defender chāpion O Varus vvhen I remember his crafts and subtilties and all his counterfeitings I scarcely thinke my selfe aliue admiring how I escaped the hands of such a traitor and seeing that Fortune stirreth vp those of mine owne house against me and that those whom I most esteeme of are my greatest enemies I will bewaile mine owne fortune and alone lament mine owne desolation and not one that hath thirsted after my bloud shall escape although proofe be brought against euerie one of my children And thus his heart being surcharged with sorrow hee was forced to breake off his speech and presently he commanded Nicholaus one of his friends to shew all the proofes and euidences All this while Antipater lay prostrate at his fathers feete and lifting vp his head he cryed aloud Thou thy selfe O father sufficiently purgest me For how should I be one who sought to murther thee when thy selfe dost confesse that I alwayes haue preserued thee from all dangers Or if as thou saist I did it fainedly was it probable that I wold be so circumspect in other affaires and at other times and now in so waightie a matter play the part of a foolish sencelesse man nay I might well thinke that although such a thought might haue beene kept secret from men yet it could not be hidden from God who seeth all things Was I ignorant what befell my brethren whom God so punished for their wicked intents towards thee Or what should cause me to enuie at thy life The hope of the kingdom Why I had the kingdome Or a suspition of thy hatred towards mee I knew thou louedst mee Or anie feare which I had of thee Nay in obeying thee I was feared of others Perhaps want might cause mee thereto Much lesse For who might spend more then I Truly if I had beene the wickedst person in the world or the cruellest beast vpon the earth yet should I haue relented being ouercome by the benefits of so louing a father seeing as thy selfe hast said thou didst recall and preferre me before so many sonnes And thou yet aliue didst proclaime me king and made me a spectacle to all men for to emulate through the benefits thou bestowedst vpon me O wretch that I am O vnhappie time of my absence out of my country what an head did I giue to enuie what oportunitie to malicious deceitfull people Yet O father it was for thy sake and about thy affaires that I went to Rome that Syllaeus might not triumph ouer thy old age Rome can witnesse my pietie and Caesar the Prince of the whole world who did often call me a louer of my father Receiue here O father his letter farrer 〈◊〉 then these fained calumniations against me let these plead my cause let these shew my affection towards thee remember how vnwilling Iovas to saile to Rome knowing I had here in thy countrey many secret enemies Thou like an vnwise father hast cast me away thou force 〈◊〉 to giue enuie time to frame accusations against mee but now I vvill come to the proofes of
many good things and eternall blisse The king hereat greatly moued with anger ouercame his disease and vvent forth and made a speech to the people vvherein he inueighed against them as Church-robbers and that vnder pretence and colour of their country lawes and religion they attempted great matters and adiudged them as impious people worthie of death The people fearing that he would torture many to learne who fauoure that act requested him that first the authors of that crime then those that were found guilty therein should receiue punishment that he would remit the offence to all the people besides The king with much ado entreated caused the yong men that let themselues down in cords and the Sophisters to be burned the rest which were taken in that act to be beheaded After this the kings sicknesse spred ouer his whole bodie and he vvas afflicted with most grieuous paine for he had a vehement ague and an itch ouer all his whole bodie which was intolerable and a daily colicke and his feete were swollen as though he had the dropsie his belly was swollen and priuie members putrified so that vvormes bred in the putrified places He was also short winded and he vvas grieuously tormented with difficultie of breath and a conuulsion of the whole body so that some said that this was a punishment laid vpon him for the death of the two Sophisters Herod notwithstanding he was afflicted with so many grieuous sicknesses yet was he desirous to liue and sought remedie whereby he hoped for health At last he passed ouer Iordan where he vsed the vvarme vvaters of Calliroe which runne into the lake of Asphaltites and are so sweet that men vse to drinke of them There the Physitions caused his bodie to be bathed in hot oyle and it was therewith so dissolued that his sight failed and he was as though he were dead whereaâ—… those that were about him being troubled with their cries caused him to looke vp now despairing of life he willed fiftie Drachmes to be distributed vnto euery souldier and great summes of money to the captains and his friends As he returned when he came to Iericho he was in verie great likelihood to die of melancholie and there he deuised a wicked fact for he caused the chiefe men of euerie towne and village in all Iudaea to be assembled together and then he shut them vp in a place called the Hippodrome and calling vnto him Salome his sister and Alexas her husband I know quoth he that the Iewes will make feasts for ioy of my death yet if you will do my command I shall be mourned for and I shal haue a princely funeral Therefore so soone as I haue giuen vp the ghost cause souldiours to compasse these men whom I haue here in hold and kill them all for so all Iudaea and euerie houshold thereof shall against their will bewaile my death As thus he commanded this to be done the Legates came which he had sent to Rome bringing him letters wherein was shewed how Acmes Iulia her maid was by Caesars command put to death and Antipater condemned to die yet Caesar writ that if his father had rather banish him he would condiscend thereunto also Herod with this newes was something refleshed yet presently with paine he was ouercome for he both was troubled with a vehement cough and almost pined with fasting to that he thought to hasten his owne death and taking no apple in his hand he called for a knife for hee was accustomed to cut the meat which he did eare and then looking about him least any standing by might hinder him he lifted vp his arme to strike himselfe But Achiabus his cousin raâ—… hastily vnto him and stayed his hand and presently there was made great lamentation throughout the kings pallace as though the king had beene dead Antipater hauing speedy newes hereof was glad and tooke courage and promised the keepers a peece of money to let him go But the chiefest of them did not only denie to do it but also went presently to the king and told him all what Antipater requested Herod hearing this lifted vp his voice with more strength then was meete for a sicke man and commaunded his guard to go and kill Antipater and burie him in the Castle called Hyrcanium And then againe he altered his testament and writ Archelaus his eldest sonne who was brother to Antipas for king and appointed Antipas for Tetrarch Fiue dayes after the death of his sonne Antipater Herod died â—…hauing reigned thirtie and foure yeares after he slew Antigonus and thirtie seuen yeares after that the Romans had declared him king And in all other things he was as fortunate as any man for he being but a priuate person got the crowne and kept it and left it vnto his posteritie but in his houshold affaires hee was most infortunate Salome before it was knowne that the king was dead went forth with her husband and released all those that were in hold whom the king commanded to be slaine saying that the kings mind was now altered and therefore he gaue them all licence to depart and after their departure the kings death was made known to the souldiers who together with the other multitude were assembled in the Amphitheater at Iericho Where Ptolemaeus keeper of the kings seale made a speech vnto them and began to say that Herod was now happie and comforted the multitude and so he read vnto them a letter which the king left wherein he earnestly requested the souldiers to fauour and loue his successour After the Epistle read he recited the kings testament wherein Philip was appointed heire of Trachon the places therunto adioyning Antipas designed Tetrarch and Archelaus king Him also he commanded to beare his ring vnto Caesar and withall notice and intelligence of the estate of the kingdome whereof he had beene gouernor fast sealed in writing for he appointed Caesar to be ouerseer of all his ordinances vnto whose pleasure he left the performance of his testament This was no sooner reade but presently the skies were filled with the voyces and cries of the people who did congratulate Archelaus and the souldiers and the people came in companies vnto him promising their fauor and furtherance and desired God alwayes to assist him This done euerie one was busied about the kings funerals where Archelaus spared no cost but buried the King with all royall pompe possible The Beere wheron he was carried was adorned with gold and precious stones vpon it lay a bed wrought with purple whereupon was laid the dead corps of the King couered also with purple with a crowne on his head and a diademe of pure gold and a scepter in his right hand About the Beere were his sonnes and kinsfolke and the guard bands of Thracians Germans and Gauls all went before in order as though they had gone to warres The rest of the
souldiers in warlike order did follow their Captaines and leaders and 500. seruants and libertines carried perfumes And thus the corps was carried the space of two hundreth furlongs into the Castle named Herodion where as himselfe had appointed it was interred And this was the end of king Herode THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE WARRES OF THE IEWES WRITTEN BY FLAVIVS IOSEPHVS The Contents of the Chapters of the 2. booke 1 Of Herods successour Archelaus how he entred into the Temple and the mutinie that arose for the reuenge of those that were executed for taking away the golden Eagle 2 Of the fight and massacre in Ierusalem betweene the Iewes and Sabinians 3 Of Varus his deeds concerning the Iewes that were crucified 4 How the Iewes had an Ethnarcha constituted ouer them 5 Of the false supposed Alexander and how he was taken 6 Of the death of Archelaus 7 Of Simon the Galilean and the three sects of the Iewes 8 Of Pilates gouernment 9 Of the pride of Caius and of Petronius the President 10 Of the raigne of Claudius the Emperour and the raigne and death of Agrippa 11 Of diuers tumults in Iudaea and Samaria 12 Of the tamults in Iudaea vnder Foelix 13 Of Albiuns and Florus Presidents of Iudaea 14 Of Florus crueltie towards the Iewes of Caesarea and Ierusalem 15 Of another opperession of those of Ierusalem through Florus his meanes 16 Of Politianus the Tribune and Agrippa his oration to the Iewes wherein he exhorted them to obey the Romans 17 Of the beginning of the rebellion of the Iewes against the Romans 18 Of the murther of Ananias the high Priest Manahemus and the Roman souldiers 19 Of a great slaughter of the Iewes in Caesarea and throughout all Syria 20 Of another grieuous slaughter of the Iewes 21 Of the massacre of the Iewes at Alexandria 22 Of the massacre of the Iewes by Cestius 23 Of the battell of Cestius against Ierusalem 24 Of the besieging of Ierusalem by Cestius and the massacre there 25 Of the crueltie of them of Damascus towards the Iewes and of Iosephus his practises in Gablee 26 Of Iosephus his dangers and euasion and the malice of Iohn Giscaleus 27 How Iosephus recouered Tiberias and Sephoris 28 How the citizens of Ierusalem prepared themselues to warre and of Simon Gioras tyrannie CHAP. I. Of Herods successour Archelaus and how he entred into the Temple and the mutinie that arose for the reuenge of those that were executed for taking downe the golden Eagle ARchelaus being appointed successor in the kingdom of Herod late dead necessitie constrained him to go to Rome which iourney gaue occasion of new broyles For after that for seuen dayes space hee had celebrated his fathers funerals and largely feasted the people for this is a custome amongst the Iewes which bringeth manie of them to pouertie yet he that doth not so is reputed impious he went vnto the Temple attired in a white garment where he was with great ioy receiued of the people and he himselfe sitting in a tribunall seat a throne of gold did verie curteously admit the people to his presence and thanked them for their diligent care vsed in his fathers funerals and for that they exhibited honour vnto him as though he were alreadie king Yet he said that he would not take vpon him the authoritie nor name of a king till such time as his succession was approued by Caesar who by his fathers testament was Lord and maister of all and for that cause he withstood the souldiers at Iericho when they would haue crowned him But he promised that if he were confirmed king by those who were in authoritie he would largely recompence both the souldiers and the people for their good will and that he fully purposed to be better vnto them then his father was The multitude hereat greatly reioyced and made present triall of his mind and purpose for some cried out requesting that the tribute might be no more exacted Others desired that the yearly paiments might cease Others requested to giue all prisoners libertie Archelaus in fauour of the people graunted all their requests then offering sacrifices he banquetted with his friends when sodainly after the noone time of the day a great multitude desirous of alteration the common lamentation for the kings death being ceased began a priuate mourning bewailing their mischance whom Herod had put to death for pulling down the golden Eagle from off the porch of the Temple This sorrow was not secret but the whole citie did resound with laments for them that were thought to haue lost their liues for the temple and their countrie lawes They also cried that reuenge was to be taken vpon them whom Herod for that fact rewarded with money And that first of all he who by Herod was constituted high Priest was to bee reiected and another more holy and deuout to be put in his place Archelaus although he was hereby moued to reuenge yet because he was presently to take such a iourny abstained frō it fearing least that if he brought the multitude into hatred of him they might hinder him Wherfore he sought rather by admonishing them then by force to reclaime those that were seditious and sent the Gouernour of the souldiers to request them to bee pacified But the authours of that sedition so soone as he came to the temple before he spake one word threw stones at him and in like manner they vsed others sent after him to appease them for Archelaus dispatched many messengers vnto thē whom they spitefully intreated making a shew that if they had beene more in number they would not haue beene appeased Therefore when the feast of vnleauened bread drew nigh which the Iewes call Easter wherein an infinite number of sacrifices were appointed an innumerable multitude of people came out of all villages thereabout for deuotion sake to that solemnitie and they who so lamented the death of the Sophisters remained in the Temple seeking by all meanes to nourish their sedition Which Archelaus fearing sent a band of souldiers and a Tribune with them to take the chiefe of the seditious before such time as they had drawne vnto them the multitude of the people against whom the whole number being stirred vp slewe a great many of them with stones and the Tribune himselfe being sore hurt had much ado to escape And when they had so done they presently went and offered sacrifice as though that no hurt had beene done But Archelaus perswaded himselfe that the multitude would not be appeased without slaughter wherefore he sent vnto them the whole armie the footmen into the citie and the horsmen into the field who inuading the seditious people as they were sacrificing slew of them almost three thousand and scattered the residue into the mountaines neere adioyning There were also criers who followed Archelaus and proclaimed by vertue of his commaund that euerie one should depart home to his house so euerie one
notwithstandinding the holinesse of the day departed But he accompanied with his mother Popla Ptolemaeus and Nicholaus his friends went vnto the sea coast leauing Philip for Gouernour of the kingdome and ouer his houshold with them departed Salome and her children and the kings brethren and kinred vnder pretence to assist Archelaus to the crowne but indeed it was to informe Caesar of that which was done in the Temple against the law When they came to Caesarea they met with Sabinus Gouernour of Syria who was comming toward Iudaea to take into his custodie Herods treasure whom Varus forbad to go anie further being sent for by Archelaus and Ptolemie requesting him thereunto And so Sabinus for the loue of Varus neither entred the Castles nor shut vp Herods treasure from Archelaus but promised that he would let all alone till Caesar vnderstood thereof But so soone as one of them that hindered him was gone to Antiochia and the other to wit Archelaus to Rome he still remaining at Casarea now hasted vnto Ierusalem and tooke the kings pallace where calling for the chiefe of the guard and the Purueyors he exacted of them an account and sought to take into his custodie the Castles and strong holds But the Captaines of the garrison mindfull of the charge which Archelaus gaue them kept vnto themselues the custodie of all affirming that they kept them more for Caesar then Archelaus At this time Antipas made a claime to the crowne alleaging that Herods first testament was of more force then the last and that he in the first was declared king and both Salome and many more of his kinred who sayled with Archelaus promised him their aid He tooke with him his mother and Ptolemaeus brother vnto Nicholaus perswading himselfe that they for their trustinesse and loyaltie vnto Herod would stand him in great steed for this Ptolemaeus was Herods dearest friend He had also great confidence in Irenaeus his orator because he had an excellent grace in pleading in so much as he refused the counsell of them who sought to perswade him to yeeld vnto Archelaus both for his age and for the last testament of his father Now he was well beloued of all his kin◅ed at Rome because they hated Archelaus and especially those that desired to liue at libertie and either to be gouerned by the Romans or else to haue Antipas for their king And to further him the more he vsed Sabinus letters vnto Caesar wherein Archelaus was accused and Antipas commended Therefore Salome and the rest of their accomplices brought the accusations vnto Caesar. And after them Archelaus deliuered all that which he had done in writing withall his fathers ring by Ptolemeus the reasons of that which he had done he sent inclosed vnto Caesar. Caesar pondering with himself what both parties alleaged and the greatnesse of the kingdome and large reuennes and number of Herods children reading also the letters of Varus and Sabinus he called the chiefe of the Romans to councell Wherein Caius the sonne of Agrippa and his daughter Iulia by his assignment sate in the first place this Caius was Caesars adopted sonne and so he licensed the parties to plead their rights Then Antipater Salomes sonne being the most eloquent of all Archelaus aduersaries offered himselfe to be his accuser for that Archelaus seemed now in words to contend for the kingdome which he had alreadie possest himselfe of and that hee did now trouble Caesars eares with vaine cauillations whom he would not wish to iudge of his lawfull succession For after Herods death he suborned some to put a diademe vpon his head and then sitting in a throne of gold in kingly maner he partly changed partly aduaunced the orders of the souldiers and granted vnto the people their requests which could not be effected but by a king He had also set at libertie maniemen who for great crimes were imprisoned by his father and hauing done all this he came now vnto Caesar to craue the shadow of the kingdome the substance and bodie whereof he already occupied so that herein he left nothing vnto Caesar but a bare title Moreouer he alleaged that Archelaus did but counterfeit sorrow for his fathers death faining himselfe to mourne on the day time and in the night he would be drunke and rioted Finally he said that the sedition of the people came by hatred thereof But the force and drift of his speech was altogether bent to declare the multitude slaine about the Temple for he said that they only came against that festiuall day to offer sacrifice and that they themselues were sacrificed as they were offering their sacrifices which they brought and that there were such heapes of dead bodies in the Temple as neuer by anie forraine warres were slaine the like Therefore Herod foreseeing his crueltie neuer iudged him worthy of the kingdome till such time as his memorie fayled him and that now being more sicke in mind then body hee knew not whom he named his successour in his last will especially for that he had nothing wherein he could blame him whom in his former will he appointed his successour when he was in health both of mind and bodie Yet quoth he put case Herod in his extremitie knew what he did yet said he Archelaus hath depriued himselfe of all kingly dignitie hauing committed manie things against the lawes For said he what will he be after he hath receiued authoritie from Caesar who before hee receiued any hath murdered somanie Antipater hauing spoken much to this effect and at euerie accusation taking witnesse of his kinred that stood by ended his speech Then Nicholaus stood vp and first of all he shewed that the slaughter of them in the Temple was necessarie For they for whose death Archelaus was now accused were not only enemies of the kingdome but also of Caesar and for other crimes obiected he shewed how that they were done euen by the counsel and perswasion of the aduersaries He also requested that the second testament might be of force for that therein Herod requested Caesar to be a confirmer of his successour For he who had such remēbrance as to leaue the performance of his will to the discretion of him who was Lord of all did neither mistake himself in appointing his heire nor yet was depriued of his senses seeing he knew by whom he should be established When Nicholaus had ended his speech and declared all that he thought might make for Archelaus Archelaus comming into the middest of the Councell prostrated himselfe at Caesars feet whom Caesar curteously taking from the ground shewed that he was worthie to succeed his father Yet did he not pronounce a definitiue sentence but the same day the Councell being dismissed he deliberated with himselfe according to the euidence he knew whether anie of those nominated in the two wils should succeed their father in the kingdome or that the kingdome should be
and armour vnto the legion where they killed with darts one Arius a Centurion and fortie of the most valiant amongst them and the rest being in the like daunger through the helpe of Gratus with his souldiers of Sebaste escaped When they had done many things in this manner against the inhabitants straungers at last three of them were taken the eldest by Archelaus and the two others who were eldest after him fell into the hands of Gratus and Ptolemaeus and the fourth yeelded himselfe vnto Archelaus vpon composition and thus at last they came to their end And all Iudaea by their example was filled with theeues CHAP. III. Of Varus his deedes concerning the Iewes that were crucified WHen Varus had receiued the letters of Sabinus and of the nobles with him fearing the whole legion he hasted to succour them Wherefore he came to Ptolemais with two other legions and foure comets of horsemen vvhere he vvilled the kings forces and the nobles to meete him Moreouer as he passed by Berytum they accompanied him with 15. hundreth armed men Aretas also the King of Arabia for the hatred he bare to Herode was come with a great number of horsmen and footmen Assoone as the host vvas assembled Varus incontinently directed part of his armie into Galilee adioyning thereto and appointed a friend of his the sonne of Caius for their gouernour who presently put them all to flight against whom he was sent and hauing taken the castle of Sephoris he fired it and made the inhabitants therofbond slaues Varus with the rest of the armie went into Samaria and tooke it yet hee did the Citie no harme because he founde that amiddest al those tumults they had been quiet When he had pitched his tents at a village called Aun which was in the possession of Ptolemaeus the Arabians sacked it for they hated them who loued Herod From thence they went to Sapp◅o an other strong borough which they in like manner sacked and destroyed with all the fruits reuenewes they founde there All was filled with the slaughter and fiers which the Arabians made and there was no end nor hinderance of their auarice Also Varus commaunded Ammaus to bee burned being angrie for the death of Arias and the rest that were slaine there and the inhabitants thereof were scattered euery one by flight seeking to saue himselfe From thence hee went to Ierusalem and at the sight of him the Iewes fled and scattered themselues some here some there all about the country they that remained in the Citie excused themselues that they were not consenting to that tumult but that for the celebration of the feasts sake they permitted thē to come into the citie affirming that they had rather beene besieged together with the Romans then to haue conspired with those of the sedition and so they laid the cause of that tumult vpon others But first Iosephus Archelaus his cousin with Gratus Rufus came to meet him leading the kings armie and the Sebastians the Roman souldiers adorned in their accustomed apparrell Sabinus durst not be seene of Varus and therefore got him out of the towne before and went vnto the sea coast Varus deuided his armie and sent it into the fields against the Authours of that tumult and those that were brought vnto him who were in lesse fault hee committed to prison and those who were the chiefest he crucified to the number of two thousand And vnderstanding that in Idumaea there yet remained ten thousand of armed men he presently sent the Arabians home because he perceiued that they did not warre as those that came to helpe him but as they themselues pleased wasting the country against his will and so accompanied with his own armie he hastened against the enemies But they without anie fight through Achiabus counsell yeelded themselues to Varus And he pardoned the common souldiers and sent the Captaines to Caesar to answere the matter Who pardoning the most of them yet punished some that were the kings kinsmen for some of them were a kin to Herod because they altogether rebelled against their king Varus hauing thus quieted the estate of Iudaea and Ierusalem leauing the same legion that was there before departed to Antiochia CHAP. IIII. How the Iewes had an Ethnarcha constituted ouer them NOw Archelaus had a new processe at Rome against the Iewes who before the sedition with the leaue of Varus were gone to Rome to craue the libertie of their countrie These who came as Embassadours in their countries behalfe were fiftie in number and they were assisted by more then eight thousand Iewes that liued at Rome Wherefore Caesar called a Councell of the Nobilitie of Rome in the Temple of Apollo which was situate vpon mount Palatine and ioyned to Caesars priuate pallace which was most sumptuously adorned and the multitude of Iewes appeared with the Legats against Archelaus and his friends Archelaus kinred neither came with him nor with the rest of the Iewes with him they would not ioyne for enuie and with the Iewes they durst not for shame Amongst them also was Philip the brother of Archelaus whom Varus sent in curteous maner to assist his brother or if that it pleased Caesar to deuide Herods kingdom amongst his children that then he might haue a part The aduersaries were comaunded to shew what Herod had committed contratie to the lawes First of all they answered that they found him not a King but the most cruell tyrant that euer was and that he murdered many and those whom he left aliue endured such miserie as they thought themselues far vnhappier then those who were so butchered For said they he was not onely contented to teare his subiects bodies with torments but also defacing and ruinating the elde◅ of his owne countrie he adorned and reedified the cities of strangers and permitted fortainers to massacre the Iewes without reuenge And in steed of their ancient and wonted happinesse and their lawes inuiolated their countrie was by him made so poore and so filled with inquitie that within those few yeares that Herod raigned they had sustained more murders and massacres then all their ancestors had from the time of their departure out of Babylon vntill the beginning of his raigne being then pouoked to take armes when Xerxes was king of Persia. Yet they by enduring such miserie being now accustomed therunto would willingly be subiect to such a successour of his as they knew would make them liue in most bitter seruitude for they when Herod his father was dead presently called Archelaus king notwithstanding he was the sonne of such a tyrant and with him mourned for the death of Herod and offered sacrifice for the prosperitie of his successor But he to shew himselfe Herods son began his reigne with the slaughter of three thousand citizens and because he had so well deserued the kingdome he offered so many men to God for sacrifice and on a festiuall day filled
the Temple with so many dead bodies Wherfore they who had escaped that massacre had iust occasion to consider their calamitie and after the law of armes to turne their faces to them who wounded them and beseech the Romans that they would thinke the remnant of the Iewes worthie of compassion and not to abandon and expose the residue of their nation as a pray vnto theÌ„ by whom they should be most cruelty 〈◊〉 but that it might please them to adioyne their country to the borders of Syria to let 〈◊〉 be ruled by the Romans and so they should find that the Iewes who now were accounted 〈◊〉 and rebellious vnder peaceable and quiet gouernours to be a peaceable nation and with this petition the Iewes ended their accusation After this Nicholaus stood vp against them and first of all acquited the kings of the crimes laid to their charge and then reproued his countrey-men for that they would not be easily gouerned and by their owne nature would not except they were forced obey their kings and he also blamed the kinsmen of Archelaus who ioined with his accusers Caesar hauing heard what both parts could say dismissed the Assembly And within a few dayes after he gaue Archelaus halfe of the kingdome vnder the title of an Ethnarch promising him moreouer to make him king if he behaued himselfe well the other halfe he deuided into two Tetrarchies and gaue them to the rest of Herods sonnes one vnto Philip the other vnto Antipas who contended with Archelaus for the crowne Antipas his part lay from Galilee beyond the riuer Iordan the reuenues whereof was two hundreth talents a yeere And Philip had Batanaea and Trachons and Auranitis and part of Zeno his house neere Iamnia the reuenues whereof amounted to one hundred talents a yeere Archelaus had in his Ethnarchie Idumaea and all Iudaea and Samaria which was freed from the fourth part of their tribute because they rebelled not with the rest And these Cities were giuen him ouer which he was Lord Stratons tower Sebaste Ioppe and Ierusalem The rest Gaza and Gadara and Hippon Caesar tooke from the kingdome and ioyned them to Syria Archelaus yearely reuenues amounted to foure hundreth Talents a yeere Caesar also beside that which Herod left her made Salome Ladie of Iamnia Azotus and Phasaelis and the Pallace at Ascalon all which amounted to threescore talents a yeere But Caesar made her house subiect vnto Archelaus his Ethnarchie And hauing distributed vnto the rest of Herods kinred that which in his testament he left them he gaue his two daughters that were virgins ouer and aboue fiue hundreth thousand drachmes of siluer and married them vnto Pheroras sonnes and hauing deuided Herods patrimonie amongst them hee also distributed that which Herod bequeathed vnto him amounting vnto a thousand talents leauing himselfe onely some iewell of small value which he reserued in honour and remembrance of the dead CHAP. V. Of the false supposed Alexander and how he was taken AT the same time a certaine young man a Iew borne brought vp by a Libertine of Rome in the towne of Sidonia being verie like vnto Alexander whom Herod put to death went to Rome hauing one of his countrimen for his companion who knew verie well all the estate of the kingdome by whom he receiuing instructions affirmed that they who should haue put him and Aristobulus to death being moued to compassion let them goe and tooke two others in their roome like them With this tale he deceiued manie Iewes liuing in Creete where he was honourably receiued and from thence hee failed to Melos where he was yet entertained with greater pompe and enriching himselfe he vsed such means that he got his oasts which gaue him entertainment to saile with him to Rome and after arriuing at Dicaearchia he receiued all maner of rich gifts of the Iewes which dwelled there and there by his fathers friendes was honoured as a king For hee was so like vnto Alexander that they that had seene Alexander and knew him well would haue sworne he had beene Alexander Wherefore all the Iewes at Rome desired to see him so that an infinite multitude followed him whithersoeuer he went in the streetes and they so doted vpon him that they carried him in a horslitter and at their owne proper cost and charges prepared for him a royall traine But Caesar well remembred Alexanders visage for Herod accused him before him and although before he saw him he iudged that it was some that presumed because of his likenesse vnto Alexander to say that hee was the same yet he made as though he beleeued all and sent one Celadus who knew Alexander well to will this yong man to come vnto him Who no sooner beheld him but forthwith he perceiued the difference betwixt them and especially when he felt his hard flesh and seruile shape he presently vnderstood the whole matter But he was greatly moued with his bold speeches for when they demaunded of him what was become of Aristobulus hee answered that he was aliue yet he vpon purpose â—…aried behind and liued in Cyprus fearing some treason for they being asunder could not so easily bee intrapped Celadus taking him apart from the rest of the companie told him that Caesar would saue his life if he did trulie confesse by whose counsell he fained himselfe to be Alexander He accepting of this offer followed him to Caesar and declared himselfe to be a Iew who for â—…re sake being verie like him counterfeited himselfe to be Alexander affirming that 〈◊〉 had receiued such great gifts of the Cities by which he passed that he thought if Alexander had beene aliue he should not haue receiued the liâ—…e Caesar laught at this iest and made false Alexander for the abilitie of his bodie a galley-slaue and put him to death who induced him thereto And as for the Iewes of Milo he thought that they had punishment sufficient if they lost all that which they had laid out and bestowed vpon him CHAP. VI. Of the banishment and death of Archelaus ARchelaus being now made Prince remembred the discord past and in reuenge thereof he tyrannized not onely ouer the Iewes but also ouer the Samaritans and in the ninth yeere of his raigne the Iewes and Samaritans sent Embassadours against him vnto Caesar and finally hee was banished and sent to Vienna a Citie of Gallia and â—…ll his patrimonie was confiscate vnto Caesar. Before hee was summoned to appeare before Caesar hee reported that he had a maruellous dreame for he saw nine great eares full of corne deuoured by oxen and presently sending for Prophets and Chaldaeans he demanded what that dreame betokened Some interpreted it one way and some another but one Simon an Essean told him that the eares of corne betokened yeares the oxen signified the changes mutations of this world for as much as in labouring the land they turned vp and altered it and therefore he
was to raigne so many yeares as there were eares of corne in number and then after he had abidden many mutations he should die Fiue dayes after this interpretation Archelaus was sent for to Rome to answer that before Augustus whereof he was accused I also thought it worth rehearsing to set downe the dreame of his wife Glaphyra daughter to Archelaus king of Cappadocia who was first married vnto Alexander brother vnto this man and sonne to king Herod by whom he was put to death as we haue said before after whose death shee was married to Iuba King of Lybia and he being dead she returned home to her father and liuing in her widowhood at home with her father Archelaus the Ethnarch beholding her was so inflamed with her loue that presently being diuorced from his wife Mariamme he married her Who shortly after she came into Iudaea dreamed that she saw Alexander her first husband standing before her and saying vnto her It had beene enough for thee to haue married the king of Lybia but thou not contented therewith comest againe to my house greedy of a third husband and which is worse of all now married to mine own brother I wil not conceale nor dissemble this iniurie which thou dostme but I will recouer you against your will And she scarcely liued two dayes after she had recounted this dreame CHAP. VII Of Simon the Galilean and the three sects amongst the Iewes AFter that Archelaus his dominions were made a prouince a certaine Roman knight called Coponiu's was made gouernour thereof receiuing authority from Caesar to punish and put to death In his time a Galilaean named Simon incited his countrimen to reuolt reprouing them for paying tribute to the Romans and for being subiect to anie mortall men but God This Simon was a Sophister hauing a sect of his own deuising nothing like other sects For there are three sects of Philosophers amongst the Iewes one is that which the Pharisies do follow another which the Sadduces do follow the third is that which the Esseans follow which is the most famous of the three The Esseans are Iewes borne but they are most friendly to one another who beside al other pleasures do eschew witchcraft neither do they suffer thēselues to be led with their owne affections but account it a great vertue to abstaine from all vices and to keep chastity For they refuse mariage account other mens children put to them to be taught whilest they be young as their kinsmen whom they do diligently instruct in their manners and opinion◅ not for that they condemne mariage and propagation of mankind but for that they thinke men should auoid womens intemperance for they think that none of them keepe themselues truly to one man Also they contemne riches and all things with them are common no man amongst them is richer then other And they haue a law amongst themselues that whosoeuer will followe their sect he must make his goods common to them all for so neither any amongst them shall seeme abiect for pouertie nor any great for riches sake but they haue as it were all equall patrimonies like brethren They account it a shame to vse oile and if anie man against his will bee annointed therewith they vse all diligence to wipe it away for they account homelines best and all their clothes are white They haue amongst them procurators to ouersee and vse all things for their common benefit and euerie one seeketh the good of all who are chosen from among them by a common consent They haue not one certaine citie but are in manie cities and if anie of their sect come vnto them from another place they giue him any thing they haue as if he himselfe were owner thereof And in briefe they goe boldly in to those whom they neuer in their liues did see before as though they were verie familiarly acquainted with them and therefore when they take a iourny they only arme themselues against theeues carie nothing with thē els In euerie citie there is one of them appointed whose office it is to haue a care of the guests see that they neither want cloathes nor any thing els necessarie for them All children vnder gouernment brought vp by them go apparelled alike they neuer change their apparel nor shooes except they haue cleane worne their first apparell or that by reason of long wearing they will do no more seruice They among themselues neither buy nor sell but euery man that hath any thing that another wanteth giueth him it and taketh that of him which himselfe needeth yet euerie one of them may take any thing he hath need of from whom he pleaseth without any change Aboue all towards God they are verie religious for before the sunne rise they haue no profane talke but they make certain vowes praiers after the custome of their countrie as it were praying that it may rise vpon them After this euerie one is dismissed to practise the art he knoweth and when euerie one hath diligently laboured till fiue of the clocke they all gather themselues together againe and being couered with linnen cloathes so they wash their bodies with cold water hauing thus purged themselues they haue a secret assembly vnto the which no man that is not of their sect is admitted and so they come into the refectorie as into a holy temple all sitting down with silence and the baker setteth euery man in order a loafe the cook euery man a messe of pottage of one sort Then before meate the Priest giueth thanks and no man may taste anie meat before they haue made their prayers to God Likewise when dinner is ended they pray againe for both before and after they giue thankes vnto God the giuer of all and then putting off that apparell as sacred they apply themselues vnto their worke till euening This done they doe as before causing their guests to suppe with them if by fortune any come Their house is neuer troubled with cries or tumults for euerie one is appointed to speake in his turne so that they who are without the house esteeme their silence as some sacred mysterie The cause hereof is their continuall sobrietie and that euerie one is limited howe much he should eate or drinke And although that in all other matters they are ruled by their gouernour yet in these two to wit compassionating and helping they may doe as they thinke good for euerie one may when hee pleaseth helpe those whom he thinketh deserue helpe and when they please giue meat to them that are in need Yet may not they giue any thing to their kinred without the leaue of their Gouernour These men giue not place to anger but refraine from wrath keepe their promise and maintaine peace and account euery word they speake of more force then if they had bound it with an oath and they shun oathes worse then
torments which if they continue in wickednes they shall endure This is the Esseans Philosophie touching the immortalitie of the soule wherein they propose an ineuitable allurement to those who haue once tasted of their Philosophie There are also some amongst them who promise to foretell things to come who from their tender age haue studied and followed holy bookes diuers purifications and sayings of the Prophets and their diuination seldome faileth There is another colledge of these Esseans agreeing with the former both in apparrell meat and kind of life and obserue the same lawes and ordinances onely they differ in the opinion of marriage affirming that they who abstaine from mariage do cut off the greatest part of mans life to wit succession of mankind For say they if all men should follow that opinion presently all mankind would perish yet notwithstanding these people are so continent that for three yeeres space they maketrial of the women they are to marry and when they haue proued them fit to beare children then they marrie them None of them must lie with their wiues when they are with child to shew that they do not marry to satisfie lust but for to haue children When their wiues wash themselues they are couered with a garment as the men are and this is the manner and custome of this sect Of the two former sects the Pharisees are said to be most skilfull in interpreting the law and are of opinion that all things are to be attributed to God and Fate and that euerie man may of his owne power doe good or ill yet say they destinie helpeth in euery action â—…d that the soules of men are all incorruptible but onely the soules of good men goe into other bodies and the soules of wicked men are sent into euerlasting paine But the Sadduces denie Fate and Destinie and affirme that God is the author of no euil auowing likewise that a man hath free will to doe well or ill and euerie man may chuse whether he will be good or bad and they generally denie both paines and rewards for the soules after this life The Pharisees are sociable and louing one to another but the Sadduces are at discord among themselues liuing like sauage beasts and as vncourteous to their owne sect as to straungers This is all which I haue to speake concerning the Philosophers amongst the Iewes Now I will returne to my purpose CHAP. VIII Of the cities which Philip and Herode builded and of Pilates gouernment ARchelaus his Ethnarchie being now made a prouince the rest of his brethren to wit Philip and Herode who was surnamed Antipas gouerned their Tetrarchies And Salome dying left vnto Iulia by her testament the Toparchie which she ruled as also Iamnia a ground set with palme trees in Phasaelis When Tiberius Caesar after the death of Augustus was made Emperour of Rome after that he had raigned seuen and fiftie yeeres sixe moneths and two daies Herode and Philip remaining in their Tetrarchies Philip builded a citie neere vnto the head of Iordan in the countrey of Paneade and called it Caesarea and another he built in the lower part of Gaulanitis and named it Iulias Herode in Galilee built the Citie called Tiberias and another in Peraea on this side Iordan which also he named Iulias Pilate being sent by Tiberius to be gouernour ouer the Iewes caused in the night time the statua of Caesar to be brought into Ierusalem couered which thing within three daies after caused a great tumult among the Iewes for they who beheld it were astonished and moued as though now the law of their countrey were prophaned for they hold it not lawfull for any picture or Image to be brought into the citie At their lamentation who were in the citie there was gathered togither a great multitude out of the fields adioyning and they went presently to Pilate then at Caesarea beseeching him earnestly that the Images might be taken away out of Ierusalem and that the law of their countrey might remaine inuiolated When Pilate denied their suit they prostrated themselues before his house and there remained lying vpon their faces for fiue daies and nights neuer mouing Afterward Pilate sitting in his tribunall seat was verie carefull to call all the Iewes togither before him as though there he would haue giuen them an answere when vpon the sodain a company of armed souldiers for so it was prouided compassed the Iewes about with a triple ranke the Iewes were here at amazed seeing that which they expected not Then Pilate told them that except they would receiue the Images of Caesar he would kill them all and to that end made a signe vnto the souldiers to draw their swords The Iewes as though they had agreed thereto fell all downe at once and offered their naked neckes to the stroke of the sword crying out that they would rather lose their liues then suffer their religion to be prophaned Then Pilate admiring the constancy of the people in their religion presently commaunded the statuaes to be taken out of the citie of Ierusalem After this he caused another tumult amongst them for they haue a sacred treasure called Corban which Pilate vsed to bring water in vnto the Citie foure hundreth furlongs off for this cause the people murmured so that when Pilate came to Ierusalem they flocked about his tribunall crying and exclaiming Pilate fore seeing that tumult caused souldiers secretly armed to mingle themselues amongst the people in priuate apparrell and commanded them not to vse their swords but to beat those with clubs whom they saw make such clamours And when he had thus plotted the matter sitting in his Tribunall he gaue a signe vnto the souldiers and presently the Iewes were beaten and many of them partly with blowes and partly troden vpon by the multitude died miserably The multitude amazed aâ—… the calamitie of those that were slaine held their tongues For this cause Agrippa sonne to Herod the Tetrarch whose father Aristobulus Herode the King put to death went to Rome and accused him to Caesar. Tyberius not admitting his accusation he remained still at Rome and sought the fauour of other potentates there and especially he reuerenced Caius the sonne of Germanicus he being yet a priuate person vpon a certaine day being with him at a banquet he stretcht forth his hands openly began to beseech Almightie God that Tyberius Caesar might quickly die that he might see him Lord of all the world Tyberius hauing notice here of by one of his familiar friends caused Agrippa to be imprisoned where he endured a hard and streight imprisonment vntill the death of Tyberius which was six moneths after After he was dead hauing raigned 22. yeares sixe moneths and three dayes Caius Caesar who succeeded him in the Empire freed him from prison and gaue him the Tetrarchie of Philip who was now deceased and the title of a king When Agrippa came into his
kingdome Herod the Tetrarch began to enuie his estate Herodias his wife still vrged him forward to hope that he should be made a king for said she thou wantest that dignitie onely for slouthfulnesse because thou wouldest not goe to Caesar for if Agrippa be made a king being before but a priuate man how canst thou doubt to be made a king who art already a Tetrarch Herod herewith perswaded went vnto Caius Caesar who greatly reproued his auarice in so much as he fled into Spaine for Agrippa followed him to Rome to accuse him before Caesar and Caius gaue vnto him Herods Tetrarchie And so Herod remained in Spaine with his wife CHAP. IX Of the pride of Caius and of Petronius the President CAius Caesar so abused himselfe and his autoritie that he would be thought to bee a God be so called Also he put many Noble men of his countrie to death He likewise extended his impietie euen vnto Iudaea for he sent Petronius with an armie to Ierusalem commanding him to set his statuaes in the Temple if the Iewes refused to receiue them that those who withstood him he should put to the sword and leade the rest away captiues Almightie God did otherwise dispose this proud commandement But Petronius accompanied with three legions and manie assistants out of Syria came with all speed from Antiochia to Iudaea manie of the Iewes would not beleeue any warre towards notwithstanding that they heard a generall report thereof and they ◅at beleeued it could not bethinke themselues of anie meanes to resist Sodainly all were in a great feare for the armie was now come to Ptolemais which Citie is situate by the sea shore in Galilee in a large field and on the East side it is compassed about with mountaines distant from it threescore furlongs which appertaine vnto Galilee on the South side it is inclosed with the mount Carmel which is an hundred and twentie furlongs off from it on the North side it is inuironed with an exceeding high mountaine which the inhabitants call the Tyrians ladder this mountaine is an hundred paces distant from the Citie Two miles from this Citie there is a riuer running by called Beleus a verie little one neere vnto which is the sepulchre of Memnon hauing adioyning vnto it a place of the compasse of an hundreth cubits worthy of admiration This place is as it were a round valley couered with sand like glasse which when many ships comming together take away for ballace so that they emptie the place of it that place is presently after couered with the like sand againe For there are winds which as it were vpon purpose carry this sand from the higher places round about it thither and whatsoeuer is within the mine of mettall there it is presently changed into chrystall or glasse And that which in my mind is more to be wondered at is that the sand being turned into glasse if afterward any part thereof be cast vpon the brinke of this place it is againe turned into ordinarie sand And this is the nature of that place Now the Iewes with their wiues children gathered themselues together in the field where the Citie Ptolemais is situate and humbly besought Petronius first not to violate their countrie lawes and next to be good vnto them Petronius seeing the multitude of them who humbly sued vnto him and how earnestly they besought his fauour left his armie and Caesars statuaes at Ptolemais and himselfe went from thence to Galilee and at Tyberias called all the Iewes their Nobilitie together recounting vnto them the force of the Roman armie and Caesars threatnings adding moreouer that the Iewes supplication was indeed a contumelie seeing all nations vnder the dominion of the Romans the Iewes onely excepted had alreadie placed Caesars statuaes in their Temples amongst the rest of their Gods herein they did as it were reuolt frō the Empire iniure the President They answered that it was against their lawes custom of their country for it was not lawfull for them to haue the image of God much lesse the image of a man and that they were not only forbidden by the law to haue an image in their Temple but also to haue it in any other prophane place Petronius sodainly answered Well I must do my Lords commaund for if I do not but spare you I shall be iustly punished and not I but he that sent me will fight against you For I my selfe as well as you must do as I am commanded At these words the whole multitude cried out at once that before they wold see their religion violated they would willingly suffer themselues to be destroyed When the noise of the people was ceased Petronius sayd Are ye then prepared and minded to fight against Caesar The Iewes answered Wee euerie day offer sacrifices for Caesar and the Romans But if Caesar would needes place his image in their Temple hee must first offer their whole nation for sacrifice for they would willingly with their wiues and children offer themselues to anie that would kill them Hereat Petronius greatly maruelled being moued to compassion when he beheld the constancie of the Iewes in their religion and so great a multitude prepared to die for it And for that time they departed nothing being done The next day following he assembled onely the Nobilitie of the Iewes one by one compelling them to accord to Caesars commaund and spake publikely to the people sometime admonishing them otherwhile threatning them and putting them in mind of the power of the Romans and Caesars indignation and that hee must of necessitie doe as he was commaunded But they were moued by none of these And Petronius fearing the ground would bee left vntilled for it was now seed time and all the people had remained idle in the Citie for fiftie dayes space calling them together he said that he would go abo◅ a thing which might greatly endanger himselfe For said he I will either God working with me appease Caesars wrath or else I will lose mine owne life to saue such a multitude as you are And dismissing the people who made daily prayers to God for him he led the armie from Ptolemais vnto Antiochia frō whence he presently sent vnto Caesar in all hast recounting vnto him with how great an armie he went into Iudaea and that all the whole nation made supplication vnto him whose request and humble suit if he denied he must vtterly destroy the men and their countrey for they had constantly remained in their country religion and vehemently resisted any new law Caius writ an answere of these letters vnto Petronius threatning that it should cost him his life because hee made no more haste to execute his commaund The messengers that brought these letters were tossed in a tempest vpon the sea three whole moneths together and others comming after them to bring newes of Caius his death had a prosperous wind so
Petronius receiued the letters of Caius Caesars death twentie and seuen dayes before the other threatning letters came CHAP. X. Of the Empire of Claudius and of the raigne and death of Agrippa CAius Caesar being slaine by treason when he had raigned three yeares and sixe moneths Claudius was made Emperour by the armie which was at Rome The Senate by the instigation of the Consuls Sentius Saturnius and Pomponius the second commanded three legions of Souldiers to keepe the Citie during the Councell holden in the Capitol and for Caius Caesars crueltie they determined to fight against Claudius intending to reduce the Empire to the ancient gouernmēt that as before time so for euer after those shuld rule that the Senate iudged worthy It chanced that at this time Agrippa came to Rome and the Senate sent vnto him requesting him to come and be one of their Councell Claudius also desired him to take part with the armie intending to vse his helpe where neede required Agrippa perceiuing that Claudius was already as it were Emperour for his power hee tooke part with him who presently sent him as Embassadour to the Senate to tell them his purpose how that first of all the souldiers whether he would or no set him in that dignitie and it had beene in him an vndiscreet part to haue forsaken such an offer at the souldiers hands who did it for good will nay if he had refused it his life should be in continuall danger for it was sufficient cause of enuie that hee had beene elected Emperour Moreouer he purposed to rule not as a tyrant but as a most mild prince for he would be contented only with the title of an Emperour and doe nothing without the common consent of them all And although he was not naturally inclined to modest and curteous behauiour yet he had a sufficient example to beware that he abused not his authoritie by Caius Caesars death Agrippa bare this message to the Senate who answered as though they trusted vnto their souldiers and learned Counsell that they would not thrust themselues into wilfulbondage Claudius receiuing this answer sent Agrippa againe to tell them that nothing could cause him to betray them by whom he was made Emperour and that he was forced to make warre against them with whom hee was verie loth to striue and therefore willed them to chuse a place out of the Citie for the battell to be fought in for it stood with no reason to deface the Citie with ciuill wars and massacres for the obstinacie of some few Agrippa did also this message vnto the Senate and one of the souldiers that were for the Senate drew his sword and said Fellow souldiers what should moue vs to massacre our friends and kinred and parents who follow Claudius especially seeing wee haue an Emperour with whom we can find no fault vnto whom we should rather go forth with entreaties then with armes When he had said this he passed through the midst of the court and all the souldiers followed him The Senate being thus left desolate the Lords abādoned of their force began to be in great feare and seeing it was no standing out for them they followed the souldiers went vnto Claudius Before the Citie walles there met them some that indeuoured to shew themselues dutifull vnto Claudius for his fortune sake hauing their swords drawne and they almost killed fiue before Caesar vnderstood the outrage of the souldiers and they had done it had not Agrippa ranne and told him of the matter saying that if he did not presently appease the souldiers furie now raging against the Citizens that all his Nobilitie would presently be extinguished and he should be left an Emperour of a desolate place When Claudius heard this hee repressed the souldiers furie and verie honourably receiued the Senate into his campe and went forth presently with them and offered sacrifice to God as the maner is for the good estate of the Empire Also hee presently made Agrippa King of all his fathers dominions giuing him likewise that which Augustus gaue Herod to wit Trachonite and Auranite and beside them another kingdome called the kingdome of Lysania and published this his gift by an edict vnto the people and commaunded the Senate to engraue that donation in brasen tables and to place it in the Capitoll Moreouer he rewarded his brother Herod who was his kinsman with the kingdome of Chalcis and married him to the Queene Berenice Agrippa receiued greater reuenues of his kingdome then he could desire which he spent not vainly but in building such a wall about Ierusalem as had he finished it the Romans could neuer haue taken it but before he could end that worke he died in Caesarea hauing raigned three yeeres with the title of a king and other three yeeres before in the state of a Tetrarch Hee left behind him three daughters which he had by Cypris Berenice Mariamme and Drusilla and one sonne by the same wife named Agrippa who because he was verie young Claudius reduced the kingdome into a prouince and made Cestius Festus Gouernour thereof But after him Tyberius Alexander who nothing violating the lawes of the nation ruled them in peace After this Herod king of Chalcis departed leauing behind him two sonnes which he had by his brothers daughter Berenice to wit Berenicianus and Hircanus and by his first wife Mariamme Aristobulus His other brother also Aristobulus died a priuate person leauing one daughter Iotapa And these were the posterity of Aristobulus king Herods sonne and Herod had Alexander and Aristobulus by Mariamme whom he put to death but Alexanders posteritie raigned in the greater Armenia CHAP. XI Of diuers tumults in Iudaea and Samaria AFter the death of Herode who raigned in Chalcis Claudius created Agrippa the sonne of the former Agrippa king of Chalcis in his vncles kingdome and Cumanus was made ruler of the other prouince after Alexander vnder whō there were many tumults and new calamities which befell the Iewes For when they were assembled togither at the feast of vnleuened bread in Ierusalem the Romane souldiers standing in the porch of the temple for alwaies armed men kept that place vpon festiual daies least the people gathered togither should make any tumult one of the souldiers taking vp his coat turned his bare buttocks against the Iewes faces speaking words as vnseemely as was his gesture Whereat all the whole multitude began to murmur so that they flocked about Cumanus requesting him to punish the souldier for this misdemeanour and some of them rash young men and as it were prone to sedition began to reuile the souldiers and threw stones at them Then Cumanu fearing that the whole multitude of the Iewes would violently rush vpon him called vnto him many armed souldiers and sent them into the porch of the temple The Iewes being in a great feare fled and left the temple and there was such a throng that as they
wife of Elcana praied to God for a sonne 125. d. bare Samuel and consecrated him to God ibid. d e. Annius taketh Gerasa 689. b. Answere of Simon to Iesus oration 679. a. Answere of Isaac 18. i. of Balaam to Balac 83. m. of God to Iosuah 103. c. of Achab to the Syrians 218. k. of Caesar to Herode 586. g of Antipater to Herode 603. d e. of Iohn 671. b c. of Eleazar to Antiochus 803. b. of Alexander 286. g. Antaeus against whom Hercules made warre 19. c. Antigonus copartner in the kingdome 339. d. his death complotted ibid. e. effected 340. g. 562. h i. Antigonus accuseth Hyrcanus and Antipater 360 i. 571. a. promiseth the Parthians money and why 370. l. restored to the kingdome 373. a. cutteth off Hyrcanus eares ibid. a. 570. l. declared an enemie to the Romans 374. i. k. 577. e. vpbraideth Herode 375. e. getteth Massada 578. g. repulseth Herods power ibid. f. surpriseth Herods victualers 376. h i. cruelly handleth Iosephs careas 580. m. submitteth himselfe to Sosius 381. a. put to death 382. d. 383. a. Antiochus the great vexeth the Iewes 296. g h. recouereth cities of Caelesyria ibid. i. his Epistle to Ptolomey 296. his Edict in honour of the Temple 297. b. his Epistle to Zeuxis ibid. c h. Antiochus Epiphanes departeth Egypt 303. c. spoileth the temple of Ierusalem ibid. d. 558. m. abrogateth Gods lawes 304. g. 559. a. inforceth the Iewes to Idolatrie ibid. g. h. tortureth Eleazar 803. d e. â—…slayeth him 804. h. forbiddeth the Iewes to vse their lawes 304. m. 305. a c. inuadeth Iudaea againe 507. a. departeth into Persia ibid. b. besiegeth Elymais 311. a. falleth sicke and dieth ibid. b. 559. c. Antiochus Eupator created king 311. e. marcheth into Iudaea 312. g. 559. e. fighteth with Iudas Machabees 312. i. marcheth against Philip ibid. l. entreth a league with Iudas 313. a. slaieth Philip ib. c. displaceth Onias 526. i. is slaine ibid. d. Antiochus sonne of Alexander 327. a. crowned king ibid f. discomfiteth Demetrius 328. g. fauoureth Ionathan ibid. Antiochus marrieth Cleopatra 333. d. putteth Tryphon to flight ibid. e. warreth against Hyrcanus 335. a b. c. permitteth a truce ibid. slaine 336. g. Antiochus Gryphus ouercommeth Alexander 337. b. his war against his brother ibid. b. slaine 344. g. Antiochus Cyzicenus warreth against his brother 337. b. 341. d. put to flight 337. e. slaine 344. g. Antiochus Eusebius putteth Seleucus to flight 344. h. slaieth Seleucus brother ibid dieth ibid. l. m. Antiochus Seleucus slaieth his vncle 344. g. burned ibid. Antiochus Dionysius king 345. e. thrust out of his kingdome ibid. slaine 346. g. Antiochus perfidious to his Citizens 747. c d. e. Antiochus king of Comegena accused 754. his choise c. ibid. k. l. reconciled to Caesar. 755. a b. Antipas Herods sonne 449. d. claimeth the kingdome 608. m. accuseth Archelaus 609. a b. hath part of the kingd with Archelaus 459. d. Antipater the Idumean 350. m. incenseth the princes against Aristobulus 351. a. relieueth Gabinius 357. d. his wife and children 359. a c. gathereth souldiers for Caesars seruice ibid. d. made a Citizen of Rome and Gouernour ouer Iudaea 360. h i k l. 570. l. maketh his sons gouernours 361. f. perswadeth Hyrcanus to flie 565. f. 666. a. his exploits 570. k. poisoned 367. a. 577. c. Antipater banished 589. b. aduaneed 416. l. enciteth his father against his brothers 417. a d. his congratulation 419. f. plotteth against his brethren 423. e. 591. e d. cause of mischiefe 426. k. gouerneth the kingdome c. 436. l. practiseth his fathers death ibid. m. 601. e. could not deceiue his Aunt 437. b. hateth his brothers children 437. c. his treasons 601. d. accuseth Syllaeus 601. e. 440. i. studieth to winne fauour 547. e f. conspireth against his father 597. e. accused by Herod 443. e. c. 602. m. answereth his fathers obiections 444. g. hated of all 602. h. 446. g. hath libertie to iustifie himselfe ibid. h. 603. d. put to death 450. g h. 606. h. Antipater accuseth Antipater 441. e. Antipater accuseth Archelaus 453. e. 609. b. c. Antipatris built 420. m. burned 637. a b. Antiphilus letter to Antipater 446. l. blamed 447. c. Antiquitie of the Iewes prooued 768. l. m. 769. a. c. see Arguments Antiquities when written 528. h. Antonia described 708. h i. not vnlike a Citie ibid. i. Antonius writeth to Hyrcanus 368. l. m. writeth in the Iewes behalfe 369. c. maketh Tetrarchs 370. h. loueth Herod 374. maketh Herod king ibid. k. requireth Aristobulus 384. i. giueth Cleopatra a portion of Iudaea and Arabia 389. b. conquereth Armenia ibid. e. Aphrica once called Lybia â—…9 b c. Apollonius accuseth the Iewes 790. l. Apollonius sent to rob the temple 802. h. acknowledged his offence ibid. i. Generall of Antiochus army 306. k. discomfited and slaine ibid. k. Apollonius Darius put to flight 324. h. i. Apologie of Achimelech 149. b. of Aristobulus 353. d. Apostasie of the priests 284. l. Apostates from the Iewish religion 303. a b. Apparell 615. c. Appion wrote coldly 782. i. of Moses and the Iewes ibid. his fiction refuted 783. a. b. c. denieth his countrey 784. g. raileth against the Iewes ibid h. his obiection of the Asses head answered 786. m. vpbraideth the Iewes 789. c. praiseth himselfe ibid. accuseth the Iewes 480. g. Apples of Mandragora 24. 〈◊〉 Apprehension of Iohn and Simon 744. m. Apsan gouerned Israel 120. i. his children ibid. i. Arabians Ismaels posteritie 17. a. c. slay Herods souldiers 390. m. kill the Iewes embassadours 391. c. ouercome 393. b. receiue theeues 429. a. brake the league made 577. a. defeate Herods army 584. g. are ouercome 585. c. an Arbiter betwixt the Senate and Claudius 619. f. Archelaus accused 442. i k. promiseth his subiects fauour 608. g. appointed k. 451. a b. 606. k. c. lamenteth 607. f. suppresseth the sedition 452. l. m. 453. a. repaires to Rome ib b. approoued c. 455. a. accused 458. k. excused 459. b. accused and banished 461. a. c. 614. h. his dreame ibid. i. Archelaus k. of Cappadocia 427. c. his ingenious speech 593. e. f. conferreth with Herod 594. g. reconcileth Alexander to his father 428. g. made Herod and Pheroras friends 428 h. 594. h. i. excuseth himselfe 432. h. Aretas king of Arabia 342. e. ouerthroweth Alexander 346. g. putteth Aristobulus to flight 351. e. furnisheth Hyrcanus with 50000. souldiers 556. g. Aretas accuseth Syllaeus 440. f. discomfiteth Herods army 470. k. l. Arguments for the Iewes Antiquitie 768. l m. 769. a. c. 770. g. c. 771. a. c. 772. g. c. 773. a. c. 774. g. c. 775. a. Arioch a captaine of the Assyrians 13. c. Aristaeus obtaineth the Iewes libertie 289. b c. Aristobulus first king c. 339. c. imprisoneth his brethren famisheth his mother ib. 561. f. his punishment 340. i k. 562. m. compelleth the Ituraeans to be circumcised ibid. l.
d. Queenes house or pallace 200. i k. Queene of Ethiopia looke Nicaule Queene Vasti refuseth to come to the banquet 277. a b. deposed ibid. c d. hard Questions dissolued 201 a b c. Questions of Artaxerxes 267. b. Quintilius Varus Gouernour of Syria 443. b. pacifieth the seditious 455. b. deliuereth the legion 457. c. assisteth the Romans 611. c. taketh Cities and Castles 611. c f. crucifieth the seditious 612. g. R Rachel daughter of Laban 23. a. bringeth Iacob to her father ibid. b c d. stealeth away her fathers gods 24. m. how she hid them 25. c. taught by Iacob to contemne them 24. m. dieth in childbed 27. c. Race of the Chanaanites to be rooted out 106. k. Race of Giants remained 109. c. Race of Achimelech murthered 149. d. Rage of Antiochus 802. k. Raguel a priest of Madian 45. c. father in law to Moses ib. c. commeth to Moses in Sinai 57. c f. Rahab hid the spies 101. b c. requireth of them an oath and why ibid. c d. her and all hers saued 102. l. Raigne of Dauid 189. c f. of Salomon 206. g of Iosaphat 226. k. of Herode 450. l. of Tiberius 618. h. of Caius 619. f. of Agrippa 620. l. of Claudius 622. g h. Railing of Goliah 142. h i k. Rainbow a signe of attonement 8. k. Raine foreprophecied 216. i. k. Raising of a dead man 236. m. a Ram offered in Isaacs steed 18. l. m. Ram an engine 653. d. described ibid. shaketh the tower 710. h. Rampierâ—… builded by the Romans 719. d. Rapines committed by day 673. a. Rapsaces chiestaine of the Assyrian armie 245. c. perswadeth lizechias to submit ibid. d c. Rasis warreth against Achaz 241. b. seazeth Elath ibid. b. slaine 242. g. Rational 64. k. Rauishment of Dina reuenged 27. a. punished 94. h. Rayment of Ioseph 31. f. a proofe against him 32. h. Rayment taken in warre 106. l. Reading of the law 274. l m. Reason described 800. m. hath dominion ouer passions ibid. k. Rebecca daughter of Bathuel 12. g. sister to Laban ibid. g. sheweth courtesie to Abrahams seruant 19. c. 20. g. procures his entertainement ibid. h i. maried to Isaac 20. k. brought forth two twins 21. a. her deuice for her sonne ibid. c. Rebellion of Chore 77. b. of Siba 181. c d. of the Antiochians 327. c d. of the Iewes against the Romanes 631. b. Rebellion of Scythians and Sarmates 749. c. Rebellious punished 80. g. Rebels kill an Embassador 637 d c. Rebels conquered 420. g. Reconciliation of Absalon 147. h i. of Herod and his sonnes 590. k l. of Pheroras with Herode 428. h. Records of the Greekes for the Iewes antiquitie 768. l. 769. c. Reformation of Gods seruice 243. b c. Religion contemned cause of calamitie 110. i k l. 111. c. 112. i. 113. c. see pietie contemned Religion renued 213. a. Religion of the Esseans 615. d. Reliques of Iupiter taken away 9. e. Remissenes in punishing cause of sinne 139. f. Renowne of Salomons vertues 202. c. Repairing of the Temple 235 c d. Repairing of the Citie Ierusalem 239. b. c. Repentance of the people 74. l. of Achab 217. l. of Dauid 171. a b. of Ioachas 236. i. Report of Iosephs death 662. g. Report of the behauiour of Samuels sonnes 130. l. Repose 3. e. Request of Ionathan 327. b. of the Iewes 612. l m. of the Romans to Caesar 703. c. Requitall of courtesie 20. g. 45. c. required 101. c. performed 102. l. Resolution of Iosephs brethren 29. d. Restitution of things borrowed 95. c. Restoring of God seruice 234. l. m. Returne of Iacobs sons 35. of the spies 73. f. 101. a. of Vespasian 746. h. Reuenues of Priests 81. c. of Mephiboseths lands 168. h i. Reuenues of Agrippa 511. c. of Archelaus 613. b. of Pheroras 592. l. Reuerence of the Sabboth 616. i. Reuerence of the Roman souldier 648. i k. Reuolt from the Iawes of the fathers 86. h. Reuolt of the ten Tribes 206. l. 207. a. Reuolt of the Germans 748. l. Reward of learned preachers 220. i. 253. d. Reward of valiant men 727. e f. Reward of such as keepe the law 794. l. Rewards oppresse Iustice 130. l. Riches of the Madianites 87. e f. of the Ainites 103. f. of Dauid 189. f. of Salomon 202. l m. 203. a b. 204. g h i. of Ozias 239. c. Riddle of Sampson propounded to the Thamnites 121. f. dissolued ibid. Ripping of womens wombes foretold 230. g. Riuer of Arnon 82. h i. Riuer Sabaticus 749. c. Robbers punished 406. l. Robberies in Trachona 406. i. winked at 623. d. Roboam entreated to ease the peoples burthen 206. deâ—…ied their petition ibid. l. abandoned of ten tribes 206. l. forbidden to make warre 207. a. builded strong cities 208. m. his wiues and children 209. a b. impietie ibid. maketh brasen shields â—…10 dieth ibid. h. Rocke veeldeth forth water 55. c. Road of the Philistines 150. h. Rod of Moses turned into a serpent 46. i. deuoureth the Egyptians rods 47. d. Rod of Aaron fructifieth 81. a. the Romans gouernment how farre it extended 649. a b. Romans ouercome the Iewes 569. b c e. sacke Iericho 579. b. get a great pray ibid. b. skirmish with the Iewes 610. i k. fire the porches ibid. k. haue subdued the Athenians c. 628. k. l. yea the whole world ibid. m. 629. a c flie into the kings forts 632. m. are slaine 633. d. burne Ioppe c 636. l. burne the temple gates 638. h. ouercome the Iewes 645. e f. retire without their purpose 656. g. enter Iotapata 657. e f. moued with no compassion 658. g. their warlike discipline 647. e f. 648. g. c. attempt nothing rashly ibid. l m. 669. a. driue the Iewes to their ships 663. c d. assault Gamala 667. f. 668 b c. many slaine 668. h. winne Gamala 670. 〈◊〉 i. fight with the Iewes 701. c. their feare and trouble ibid. c. ouercome the seditiouâ—… 709 a. get the first wall 711. b. driuen out by the Iewes 713. a hindred by the Iewes 714. h. plant their courts of guard 721. c. feare the desperatenes of the Iewes 726. h. vndermine the wall 726. m. inuade Antonia 728. k. set Ierusalem on fire 741. b. enter Ierusalem 743. d. finde treasure in the vaults 744. l ruinate Citie and Temple 745. c. dining Roume fell downe 581. c. Ruben the sonne of Iacob 24. i. why so called ibid. his sonnes 39. c. his disswasion 29. d e. and his perswasion 30. b. intended to saue Ioseph 30. i. pleadeth before Ioseph 34. m. 35. a. Rue of admirable greatnes 752. k. Ruine of the Israelites sought 41. c d. Ruine of the Amalechites foretold 47. d. Rulers of Ierusalem 639. d. Rumor of Herods death 387. d. Rumor of the Emperour 478. h. 497. d. Ruth her loue to Naomi 124. g. maried to Booz ibid. l. m. 125. a. S Saba chiefe Citie of Ethiopia 44. l. called Meroe and why ibid. l. Sabach and Nephanus Dauids captaines
vanquished by sea 666. g. Taske of the workemen of Salomon 195. h. Taske more grieuous imposed c. 47. c. Taxation of the Iewes 462. l. Teares of Esau 22. h. Tediousnesse of the Hebrewes iourney 53. a. Teglaphalassar king of Assyria 240. i. led away the Israelites captiue ibid i. slaieth Rasis and taketh the Syrians prisoners 242. g. gold and siluer giuen him ibid. g. Temperance of Saul 133. c. Tempest after Samuels prayer 135. f. Tempest caused by Ionas 238. l m. Tempest drowned those of Ioppe 661. d e. Tempest of miseries assailes Ierusalem 685. c. Temple when builded 195. c d. heighth length and breadth thereof ibid. e. with all the other things belonging thereunto 196. 197. c. when consecrated 197. e. spoyled 209. e f. cleansed 242. i k 238. h. repaired 248. m. 249. a. burned 255. c d. began to be builded 270. g. finished 271. f. dedicated ibid. 272. g. desolate three yeeres 308. m. repurged ibid. 309. a. burned 463. b. the strongest fortresse of the Citie 674. k. builded on a strong hill 705. c. consumed with fire 736. h c. one Temple to be builded and why 90. l. Temples of Idolaters to be destroied 90. h. Temple on mount Garizim 286. m. laid desolate 336. h. Temple builded by Herod 407. c. Temple of Apollo 421 a. Temple of Isis pulled downe 468. g. and why 467. a c. Temple builded by Vespasian 751. e. Temple of Onias shut vp 762. i c. Tempting of the Serpent 4. i. of Iosephs mistris 3â—… a b c. Tents a place so called 24. m. Ten commandements 59. f. Tenths of the fruits 91. a. Tenths for the poore Leuites and festiuals 93. c. Terme of mans life 12. g. Terme of exile for chance-medlie 88. k. Terror among the enemies 137. d. 224. h. 228. l m. Testament of Herod 447. d. altered 604. l. Testimonies of the Iewes antiquitie 771. a. 772. l. 773. b c d f. 774. h. 775. c. Thanksgiuing of the Israelites for their deliuerance 52. g h. Tharbis the kings daughter of Ethiopia 44. m. enamoured of Moses ib. m. 45. a. yeeldeth the Citie of Saba and is married to Moses ibid. 2. Thares Abrahams father 11. e. went out of Chaldaea to Charran 12. g. his age and death ibid. g. Thargal a captaine of the Assyrians 13. e. sacked Syria and extinguished the Giants 13. e. Theater builâ—… by Herod 401. b. Theft committed how punished 95. e. Thermuthis Pharaos daughter 42. m. taketh Moses out of the water ibid. m. adopteth him for her sonne and preserueth him from death 43. c e. Theudas the Magitian 518. l. his perswasion to the people ibid. Theeues confident 638. h i. Theeues appâ—…ehend Ananias kinred 525. a. Theeues taken by Herode 377. b. Theeues murther in the day 622. k. work much mischief ibid. m Theeuâ—… spoile the countrey 672. l. make a high priest 673. 〈◊〉 Theeâ—…e punished 412. l. 428. k l. Things vncleane 70. i. Thirst oppresseth the Israelites 55. c d. Thirst of the Arabians 585. c. Thirst of Sampson 132. k l. of Dauid 801. e. Thobel a warriour 5 f. inuented the art of forging ibid. f. Thola a Iudge of Israel 119. b. Tholomaeus the Archtheefe 513. a. ten Thousand thronged to death 621. a. Thraldome of the Chanaanites 202. i. Three admirable works 707. b. Three valiant Iewes 719. e f. Threefold sedition deuided into two parts 702. i. Thirce in the yeere the Hebrewes ought to meete 90. m. Throne of Salomon 200 m. Thucydides history 765. e. Tiberians meete Ioseph 534. m. their letters to Agrippa 538. l. intend warre against Ioseph 548. h. submit themselues to Vespasian 66â—… i. m. 663. a. Tiberias builded 465. a. in daunger of ruine 551. e. recouered 643 b. Tiberius Emperour 464. m. reiecteth Vonones suit 466 g. punisheth Isis Priests 467. f. thrusteth the Iewes out of Rome 468. h his league with Artabanus 469. c. his death 471. c. 478. g. h. why he deferred to giue audience to Embassadors and prisoners 474. h. c why chaunged not gouernours ibid. h. addicted to the Mathematickes 476. l. 477. a. b. recommendeth the Empire to Caius ibid. d. his funerall 478. k. Tiberius a gouernour of Iudaea 518. k. crucifieth the sonnes of Iudas ibid. l. Tiberius a gouernour of Egypt 694. l. Tidings of Neros death 689. c. Tigranes inuadeth Syria 348. h. Tigris a riuer of Paradice 4. h. called Diglat ibid. h. Tillage practised by Noah 11. c. Timber precious 203. c. Time of the Israelires deliuerance 50. g. Time of the building of the temple 195. c. Time of the Iewes returne 265. a b. and 269. b c c. Time of the Israelites transportation 243. c. Time of the kings raigne of Dauids line 255. b. Time when Ieremy liued 250. k. Time of the destruction of Ierusalem and Temple 255. c d. 736. i. k. 737. b. 742. i c. 743. a. c. 744. g c. 745 a b c. Timotheus twice ouercome 310. h i. Titus his mightie army 647. e. winneth Iapha 656. m. taketh Tarichea 664. m. entreth Gamala 670. g. repaireth to Ierusalem and why 700. g. putteth his enemies to flight ib. k. in what places besieged Ierusalem 703. d 3. circuiteth the wals 709. b. commaundeth theÌ„ to be battered 710 g. putteth the Iewes to flight ibid k. taketh the second wall 712. l. 713. d. sur ceaseth the siege and distributeth money 713. 〈◊〉 crucifieth many Iewes 718. k l. accuseth the souldiers 720. i. calleth God to witnesse 722. g. dareth Iohn to fight 729. c. striueth to saue the temple 731. a. beholdeth the souldiers ibid. c d. restraineth his wrath 735. c. granteth the Iewes life vpon condition 741. a. promiseth recompence to the souldiers 745. f. celebrateth pastimes 749. c. lamenteth Ierusalem 750. g. Torment of Eleazar 803. d e c. 804. g 〈◊〉 Torment of the mother and seuen brethren 806. g h. c. 807. a c. 808. g. c. 809. a c. 810. g c. 811 a c. Tortures laid vpon many 426. k. Touch of conscience 340. k. Tower of Babel 9. a. Tower of white marble 302. k. Towers erected 201. d. 239. c. 656. h. Tower of Antonia 410. l. Towers of Herode 704. m. 705. a b. Trachonites compelled to ciuilitie 428. i k. rob againe ibid. k. subdued by Herode 429. b. Traiane taketh Iapha 656. i k m. Training vp of souldiers 640. h. 647. f. 648. g. Traitor apprehended 440. k. Transgression of vocation punished 239. f. Transgression of Saul 139. c d e. Transgressors of Gods lawes threatned to be punished 〈◊〉 i k. 140. i k l m. Translation of the Bible 294. h i. Translation of the Priesthood foreshewed 126. g. Translation of the Israelites 240. i. 242. g. 243. e f. and when ibid. Transportation of the kingdome 140. i. Transportation of the Arke 165. c. Trauuler to be directed in his way 96. g. Trauailers not to be forbidden ripe fruit 93. a. Treason intended and discouered 278. g h.
against Hircanus with a great army and is disswaded from war by his father Antipater and his brother Phasaeluâ—… Hedio Ruffinus chap. 19. Hircanus embassadours to Caesar. The Iewes much honoured by the kings of Europe Asia Iulius Caesar testified in a braien pillar that the Iewes were free citizens of Alexandria Iulius Caesars decree as touching the honors immunities and priuiledges granted to thâ—… Iewes The yeare of the world 3922. before Christs birth 42. The yeare of the world 3922. before the Naâ—…itie of Christ. 42. M. Antonius and P. Dolobella bring Hircanus embassadors into the Senate Dolobeâ—… letters â—…o thâ—… Ephesians Lucius Lucullus in the French Lentulus in the Latine being Consul maketh an edict in behalfe of the Iewes Iosephus conclusion concerning these edicts The yeere of the world 3922. before Christs Natiuitie 42. Caecilius Bassuâ—… murthereth Sextus Caesar. Marcus succeedeth Sextus in Syria Caesar slaine by Cassius and Brutus Hedio Ruffinus chap. 20 Cassius commeth into Syria and exacteth more theÌ„ 700. talents of siluer from the Iewes Herode winneth Cassius heart by the money he leuieth in Galilee The yeare of the world 3923. before Christs birth 41. Malichus layeth in wait to muâ—…er Antipater but forsweareth the same and is reconciled Cassius and Marcus make Herode gouernour of Coelesyria The yeare of the world 3923. before Christs birth 41 Malichus causeth Antipater to be poisoned The yeare of the world 3924. before the birth of Christ. 40. The yeare of the world 3924. before Christs Natiuitie 40. Faelix assaileth Phasaelus in Ierusalem and is ouercome by him Ptolomey MeÌ„naeus adopteth Antigonus Aristobulus son Herode expelleth Antigonus out of Iurie Herode marrieth Maâ—…aÌ„me Hircanus neece by his daughter Doris Herods wife The iudge corrupted with money Hircanus embassadours present Antonius with a crowne of gold require the captiue Iewes liberty sold by Cassius Antonius writeth to Hircanus as touching Brutus and Cassius actions and deathes The yeare of the world 3924. before Christs birth 40. Marcus Antonius writeth to the magistrates of Tyre to restore Hircanus and the Iewes their lands goods and liberty The yeare of the world 3924. before Christs birth 40. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 21. Cleopatra coÌ„meth into Cilicia to Antonius Herode accused by one hundreth Iews before Antonius Antonius maketh Phasaclus and Herode Tetrarches A thousand Iewes repaire to Tyre to accuse Herode who are partly slaine partly wounded and partly put to flight The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 23. Antigonus promiseth the Parthians a great summe of money to install him in the kingdome Pacorus sendeth horsemen to Antigonus in Iudaea The Iewes inhabiting about mount Carmel ioyne themselues with Antigonus The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Penticost Herode fighteth with his enemies in the suburbes Pacorus chieftaine of the Parthians entering the citie perswadeth Phasaelus to go embassador to Barzapharnes The Parthians complot trecheries against Phasaelus Hircanus and Phasaelus surprised by the Parthians The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs Natiuitie 39. The Parthians lay a plot to surprise Herod 〈◊〉 discouereth iâ—… and preuenteth them by flight Herode comforteth his friends in their flight Herode seeing his mothers chariot ouerturned is ready to murther himselfe Herode retiring toward Massada is assailed by the Parthians The Parthians spoile the citizens of Ierusalem and destroy Marissa The yearâ—… of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Antigonus restored to the kingdome by the Parthians cuâ—…th off Hircanus cares to preuent his reinstalment in the Priesthood Phasaelus dash eth out his owne braines Antigonus putteth poison into Phasaelus wounds in steed of curing him Herode flieth to Malchus king of Arabia to borow mony Herode is comanded out of Arabia and flieth into Egypts from thence after some stormes he repaireth to Rome where he certifieth Antonius of thatwhich had befallen him The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 23. al. 25. Antonius loued Herode and hated Antigonus Caesar Augustus Herodes friend Herode admitted into the Senate and declared king Herode intending the kingdome for his wiues brother enioyeth the same himselfe Herode ascendeth the Capitol with Antonius Caesar. Herodes family besieged by Antigonus in Massada Ventidius vnder pretext to helpe Ioseph fisheth to get money of Antigonus The yeare of the world 3926. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 38. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 2â—… al. 16. Herode returning backe out of Italy leadeth forth his army against Antigonus Herode assaulteth Ioppe and taketh it Many submit themselues to Herode Ressa taken Massada deliuered from the siege after which Herode marcheth towards Ierusalem Herode proclaimeth about the wals of Ierusalem that he repaired thither for the good of the people the common-weale Antigonus vpbraideth Herode that he is but halfe a Iewe and of no kingly race The enemie repulseth Herodes power from the wall The yeare of the world 3927. before Christs Natiuitie 37. Silon suâ—…orneth some of his soldiers to take an occasion to depart from IerusaleÌ„ Herode procured and furnished the army with victuals and 〈◊〉 â—…ion Antigonus sendeth out soldiers to surprise Herodes victualers The Romans sent to their garrisons to winter Robbers Herode fighteth with his enemies in Galilee and ouercommeth them and bringeth all Galilee vnder his subiection Antigonus refuseth to victuall the Roman army Ventidius sendeth for Silon to war against the Parthians The yeare of the world 3927. before Christs birth 37. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 25. Herode leadeth his soldiers against those theeues that held the caues Herode letteth downe his soldiers from the top of the mountaine in cofers A certaine old man killeth his wife and seuen of his sons and at last casteth himselfe headlong from the rocke Herode retireth toward Samaria to fight with Antigonus Herodo punisheth the rebels in Galilee Ventidius ouercommeth Pacorus and the Parthians in battell Machaeras killeth many Iewes Herode resoluing to depart to Antonius and to accuse Machaeras is reconciled by him and leaueth his brother Ioseph with an armiâ—… behind him The yeere of the world 3927. before Christs Natiuitie 37. Herode repaireth to Antonius at the siege of Samosata in the way killeth many Barbarians Herode was honourably entertained by Antonius and his host The yeare of the world 3928. before the birth of Christ. â—…6 Sosius hath the army committed to his charge by Antonius who departeth into Egypt Ioseph Herods brother is slain by Antigonus The Galileans reuolt from Herode Machaeras fortifieth Geth Herode departeth from Daphne a suburbe of Antioch into Galilee Herode fighteth with the Galileans ouercommeth them and driueth them into a castle The yeare of the world 3928. before Christs birth 36. The house wherein Herod soleÌ„nized his feast fell downe when the guests were gone without any mans detriment Herode wounded by his enemies Antigonus sendeth Pappus to Samaria Fight in the
houses The yeare of the world 3929. before Christs natiuitie 35. Herode being alone and naked in his house escaped vnhurt amoÌ„gst many armed enemies Herode sendeth Pappus head to his brother Phaeroras Herode besiegeth IerusaleÌ„ Herode repaireth to Samaria to marrie Alexanders daughter The yeare of the world 3929. before Christs birth 35. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 26. al. 27. Sofiâ—…s and Herode lead a mightie army against Ierusalem Herode preuenteth the dearth The Iewes without feare resist those that besieged them The outward part of the temple and the lower citie taken The Iewes flye to the vpper citie and the temple IerusaleÌ„ taken The yeare of the world 3929. before Christs birth 35. Antigonus submitteth himselfe to Sosius Herode sore troubled in pacifying the straungers The spoile of the citie hindred When Ierusalâ—… was taken Herode bribeth Antonius with money to make away Antigonus The end of the Asmonean family and the extinction of their priest hood The yeare of the world 3930. before Christs Natiuitie 3 4. Herode preferreth his fauorites and killeth his enemies The Pharisees honoured by him Pollio fore-prophecied Herodes tyrannie The slaughter of them that were of Antigonus â—…action The yeare of the world 3930. before Christs birth 34. Antigonus beheaded Strabo of Antigonus Hedio Ruffinus chap. 〈◊〉 Hircanâ—… heating â—…idings that Herode had obtained the kingdome returneth vnto him Hircanus highly honoured in Babylon by the Iewes Hircanus leauing his country expecteth fauour at Herodes hands Saramalla Herodes embasdour to Phraates Herode highly honoureth Hircanus The yeare of the world 3930. before Christs Natiuitie 34. Herode giueth the high priesthood to Ananel Alexandra soliciteth Antonius by Cleopatras mediation for the high priesthood for hir sonne Antonius requireth Aristobulus at Herods hands The causes why Aristobulus was not sent Herode inueieth against Alexandra for pretending to vsurpe the kingdome Alexandra excuseth herselfe and hauing promise of the priesthood for hir sonne is reconciled to Herode The yeare of the world 3930. before Christs birth 34. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 3. Herode taketh the Priesthood from Ananel The Priesthood taken from three Alexandra suspected by Herode is spied and watched and her actions obserued Alexandra pretending to flie into Egypt is betraied by her seruant Herode contriueth Aristobulus death The yeare of the world 3932. before Christs birth 33. Aristobulus is drowned by Herodes direction Ananell restored to the priesthood The lamentation for Aristobulus death Herodes counterfait sorrow The yeare of the world 3931. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 33. Alexandra certifieth Cleopatra of Herodes treasons and her sonnes traiterous murther Herode readie to repaire vnto Antony commaundeth Ioseph to whose charge he coÌ„mitted the kingdome to kill his wife A foolish rumour of Herodes death Herode appeaseth Anthony by presents and certifieth his friends by letters of his health The yeare of the world 3932. before Christs Natiuitie 32. Ioseph and Mariamme accused before Herode Mariamme excuseth purgeth hir selfe before the king and is reconciled Herode commandeth that Ioseph should be slaine and imprisoneth Alexandra Hedio Ruffinus chap. 4. Cleopatra verie couetous Cleopatra murthereth her brother and sister The yeare of the world 3932. before Christs birth 32. Cleopatra contrieth Lysanias death Antonius giueth Cleopatra a portion deducted out of Iury and Arabia Cleopatra coÌ„meth to Herode who enstateth hir in that the part of Arabia these reuenewes of lericho that were giuen her An intemperate woman giuen to lust Herode goeth about to put Cleopatra to death and is disswaded by his â—…riends Antonius conquereth Armenia Herode bringeth Cleopatra onward off her way towards Egypt The yeâ—…e of the world 3933. before Christs birth 31. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 5. Herode leuieth an army to assist Antonius against Octauian Herode is incited by letters to the Arabian warre Herodes battels and conquests The yeare of the world 3934. before Christs birth 30. Cleopatras chieftaine ouerthroweth Herode The Arabians returning to the barrell kill those that flie and cake the campe The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs birth 29. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 6. An earthquake in Iudaea killeth ten thousand men The Arabians kill the Embassadours of the lewes Herode comforteth the Iewes that were out of heart for their former losses Herode comforteth and exhorteth his soldiers The cause of warre against the Arabians The yeere of the world 3935. before Christs Natiuitie 29. Legates inuiolable With whom soeuer Iustice is there is God also The yeare of the world 3935. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 19. The Arabians are ouercome by Herode The Arabians enforced by thirst require truce at Herodes hands Hedio Ruffinus chap. 7. Herode dismaied at Antonius ouerthrow The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs Natiuitie 29. Herode determineth to make away Hircanus Alexandra solliciteth Hircanus her father to require assistance at Malchus haÌ„ds Three hundreth furlongs containe nine Germaine miles Hircanus by Herodes commaund is put to death Hircanus dieth guiltlesse Hircanus life The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs birth 29. Herodes disposition of his affaires before he repaired to Caesar. Herode commeth to Caesar and declareth vnto him what pleasures he had done Antony promising him no lesse dutie and loue if so be he might be receiued into his fauour The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs Natiuitie 29. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 8. Caesar confirmeth Herodes authoritie Herode conducteth Caesar toward Egypt and presenteth him with many sumptuous gifts Herode inter taineth both Caesar and his at my verie heroically Herode giueth Caesar eight hundreth talents Mariamme and Alexandra displeased with Herode The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs birth 29. Sohcmus discoueteth the kings secrets Herode but coldly entertained by his wife MariaÌ„me Herodes sorrowes to see his wiues affections distracted and chaunged Hrodes siâ—…t 〈◊〉 and his mother incense the king by slaunderous reports against Mariamme Antony and Cleopatra slain Caesar Lord of Egypt Sohemus honoured by Horod with dignities Hedio Ruffinus chap. 9. Caesar enlargeth Herodes dominions The yeare of the world 3935. before Christs birth 29. Mariamme a froward womaÌ„ The yeare of the world 3936. before Christs birth 28 Sohemus suspected by Herode in Mariammes behalfe is put to death Mariamme is accused by Herode and condemned and imprisoned Mariamme by Salomes instigations is led to execution The yeare of the world 3936. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 28. Alexandra vndecently striueth to acquit her selfe of Mariammes treason Herods miserable estate moane after the death of his wife A plague inuadeth IerusaleÌ„ Herode falleth grieuously sicke Alexandra in Herodes absence seeketh to get the possession of the castles The yeare of the world 3936. before Christs Natiuitie 28. Herodes councellors certifie him of Alexandras intent Alexandra put to death Costabarus whom Herode had matched with his sister Salome vsurpeth in Idumaea Costabarus preserued by his wiues intercession Costabarus Lysimachus Antipater
suspition and he exhorreth the father to be reconciled to his children Herode is reconciled to his children Antipater friendly dotâ—… congratulate his brethreÌ„ returned into his fathers fauour Herode ditâ—… giue Caesar â—…00 taleâ—… The yeare of the world 3956. before Christs Natiuitie 8. Caesar gaue Herode halfe his reuennes out of the mines of Cyprus The rebels are conquered The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs natiuitie 7. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 5. al. 10. Caesrea is finished Oâ—…nale â—…men Caesar and Agrippa commend Herods magnanimity Aâ—…ipartis is built Cypron is built The tower and towne of Phasaelus is built The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs birth 7. Herode built the temple of Pythius The sports of Olympus Why Herode was liberall to strangers and cruell to his owne nation Herod greedie of honour Hedio Ruffinus chap. 10. The Iewes of Asia and Cyrenc being afflicted by the inhabitaÌ„ts there send an embassage to Caesar and do obtain of him immunitie The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs Natiuitie 7. Agrippa writ vnto the rulers of Ephesus in the Iewes behalfe and to Syllanus and the magistrats of Cyrena Caius Norbanus Flaccus writeth in the Iewes behalfe Iulius Antonius procoÌ„full The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs birth 7. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 7. al. 7. 12. The desire of gold Herode lost two of his men in Dauids sepulchre Nicholaus the histotiographer reproued Ioseph came of the priestly line of the Asamoncens A discord in Herods house Antipaters crafty plotting against his brethren The women ax discord and variance Pheroras refused the kings daughter offered him tâ—… wife The yeere of the world 3957. before Christs Natiuitie 7. Salome entised 〈◊〉 daughter to bewray her husbands seâ—…ts Herode greatly moued against Pheroras for aâ—…firming that he was a in loue with Glaphyra The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs birâ—… 7. Salome excuseth her selfe The effect of calumniation Syllaeus the Arabian desiring Salome to wife was denied Herod maried his daughter to Pheroras son The sons hatred towards their father is bewraied The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs Natiuitie 7. Herode crediteth all tales and so putteth many to death vniustly Hedio Ruffinus chap. 8. Herode denieth to be familiar with Andromachus and Gemellus Antipater the cause of all mischiefe Many were tortured and examined for Alexanders cause The yeare of the world 3957. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 7. Alexander being in prison his frieÌ„ds were tortured One accused Alexander to haue sent letters to Rome against his father Alexander confesseth the treason and who had a hand in it Herode was so troubled with the contention in his house that he was wearie of his life Hedio Ruffinus chap. 9. al. 13. Archelaus the king of Cappadocia seineth displeasure against Alexander his son in law and so reconciled Herods vnto him The yeare of the world 3957. before Christs birth 7. Archelaus lai cth the fault of Alexanders offence vpon others and especially vpon â—…roas Pheroras confessed himselfe to be author of all mischiefe and obtaineth pardon of his brother Herode accompanied Archelaus vnto Antioch The yeare of the world 3958. before Christs natiuitie 6. The cause of the Arabian warre Caesar gaue Trachonitis to Herode Alias chap. 14. Herodes captaines subdue the rebels in Arabia The theeues taken and punished Alias chap. 15 Herode demaunded the theeues to be deliuered vnto him and the money he had lent to be repared The yeare of the world 3958. before Christs birth 6. Saturninus Volumnius the rulers of Syria do reconcile Herod the ArabiaÌ„s Herode by the permission of Saturninus Volumnius entred into Arabia with an army destroied the castle callep Repra Nacebus with 25. Arabians slaine Herode caried 3000. Idumaeans into Trachon Hedio Ruffinus chap. 10. al. 16. Syllaeus accused Herode vnto Caesar. The Arabians and Trachonites vnderstanding that Caesar was offended with Herode resolce thereat The yeare of the world 3960. before Christs Natiuitie 4. Caesar offended with Herode Obodas dying Aeneassucceeded him in the Arabian kingdome Caesar would not giue audience to the Arabian embassadors Herode sent Nicholaus Damascene to Caesar. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 11. al. 17. Eurycles a Lacedemonian â—…nuateth 〈◊〉 into Herodes familiaritie Eurycles insinuated himselfe into Alexanders friendship Eurycles obseruing all Alexanders words and actions related them to Antipater and Herode Eurycles by craft got mony of Archelaus The yeare of the world 3960. before the Natiuitie of Christ 4â—… Herode doth giue care vnto the accusers of Alexander Aristobulus Iucundus and Tyrannus confesse that Alexander did solicite them to kill Herode as he was a hunting How AlexaÌ„der writ vnto the captaine of AlexandriuÌ„ to receiue him Dyophantus the scribe doth counterfait other mens hands Alexander and Aristobulus arâ—… imprisoned and Aristobulus warneth his mother in law AlexaÌ„der confesseth to Herode that he purposed to fly to Archâ—…laus Mela embassador of Archelauâ—… king of Cappadocia Glaphyra Alexanders wiâ—… is demanded if she knew of any treason against Herode The â—…art of the world 3960. before Christs birth 4â—… Archelaus excuseth himselfe to Herode Caesar and Herode made friends Hedio Ruffinus chap. 12. al. 18. Nicholaus accuseth Syllaeus and excuseth Herode A â—…arration of the Arabian wars the boâ—…owed money The theeues of Trachon The yeare of the world 3960. before Christs birth 4. Syllaeus condemned to dy Caesar was purposed to giue the kingdome of Arabia to Herode was altered by Herodes letters The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 13. Aretas embassadors vnto Caesar. Caesar alloweth Herode to punish malefactors Herode affembleth all that Caesar willed except Archâ—…laus Herode â—…ccuseth his sons The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs Naâ—…tie 3. Saturninus doth pronouÌ„ce an indifferent sentence Volumnius other of Herods friends pronounce Herodes sons to be beheaded Herode asked of Nicholaus what his frieÌ„ds at Rome thought of his sonnes Tyro speaketh to Herode and not obseruing modesty he and the captaines were imprisoned The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Tyro is by his son and a barber accused to haue practised treason against the king Tyro with 300 captains are accused before the people and slaine Alexander Aristobulus strangled at Sebaste and buried in Alexandrium The cause of these calamities was destiny and Gods prouidence Wherein Alexander and Aristobulus offended Herod shamefull errour not to be excused The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs Natiuitie 3. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 1. Antipater after hee had made away his brothers grew hatefull both to the soldiers and the people Antipater gouerned the kingdom with his father Antipater wish eth his fathers death The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Antipater spared no cost to winne his fathers friends Antipater could not deceiue his aunt Herode compelleth Salome
to marrie Alexas Glaphyra somtimes Alexanders wife is sent back to Archelaus king of Cappadocia Hedio Ruffinus chap. 2. Herode bringeth vp his sons children Antipater hateth his brothers children Antipater laboreth his father to breake of the mariages he 〈◊〉 Herodes ninâ—… wiues The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs Natiuitie 3. Herode buildeth a castle in the region of the Trachonites and maketh Zamaris the Iew that came from Babylon gouernour therein Iacim Philip the sonnes of Zamaris Hedio Ruffinus chap. 3. Pheroras deceiued by women The yeare of thâ—… world 3961. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 3. Salome discouereth to Herode the conspiracies of the Ladies and others The Pharisees subtill and arrogant The Pharisees would not sweare obedience but were finde Pheroras wife paieth their fine for which benefit they promise her the kingdome Bagoas Carus and others are put to death by Herode Hedio Ruffinus chap. 4. Herode accuseth Pheroras wife and commandeth him to put her away The reare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Pheroras refuseth to put away his wife Herode interdicteth Pheroras and Antipater their priuic meetings and forbiddeth the Ladies no lesse Herod sendeth Antipater to Caesar. Antipater accuseth Syllaeus at Rome before Caesar. Aretas accuseth Syllaeus for killing Phabatus and others A traitor that sought the kings death is apprehended Anoth soleÌ„nly obserued Pheroras in his sicknes is visited by Herode and being dead is honourably buried by him The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 5. Pheroras freemen accuse his wife for poisoning him Herode tortureth the Ladies bond women and soundeth out Antipaters their secrets Herode thrusteth Doris Antipaters mother cut of his pallace Antipater the Samaritane declareth how Antipater the kings sonne had prouided poison for his father The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs Natiuitie 3. Pheroras wife confesseth that she hath the poison and casts her selfe downe headlong from the roofe The yeare of the world 3962. before Christs natiuitie 2. The king putteth away his wife and blotteth his sonne out of his testament He degradeth Simon and enstateth Marthias in the Priesthood Archelaus and Philip are accused by Antipaters means Hedio Ruffinus chap. 6. Herod writeth friendly letters to Antipater and calleth him home from Rome The yeare of the world 3962. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 2. Celenderis in Cilicia Sebaste a hauen builded by Herode in honour of Caesar Antipater vpoÌ„ his returne is saluted by no man Quintilius Varus gouernout of Syria Herode calleth his son in question before Quintllius Varus Antipater accused by Herod The yeare of the world 3962. before Christs birth 2. Antipaters answere to his fathers obiectioÌ„ Nicholas Damascene prosecuteth the kings accusation The yeare of the world 3962. before Christs birth 2. Patricide the publike iniurie of life and nature The yeare of the world 3962. be fore Christs Natiuitie 2. Antipater accused by all men Varus giueth Antipater licence to iustify himselfe Antipater striueth by his protestations and inuocations of God to iustifie himselfe The poison is ministred to a condemned man and it killeth him Hedio Ruffinus chap. 7. Herode imprisoned his son sent embassadors to Caesar to certifie his abuses Antiphilus letter to Antipater Acmes letter to Antipater The yeare of the world 3962. before Christs birth 2. Acmes letters to Herode Herode inflamed with hatred against his sonne Antipater layeth all the fault vpon Antiphilus Hedio Russinus chap. 8. Herode falling sicke maketh his will and leueth his succession of the kingdome with his other goods to his friends and kinsfolkes Herode impatient in his old age and wonderous wayward The yeare of the world 3963. after Christs birth 1. A golden Eagle vpon the greatest gate of the temple The yeare of the world 3963. after Christs Natiuitie 1. Contempt of death The yong men pulling downe the goldeÌ„ eagle hew it in peeces with their axes Iudas Matthias with fortie other yong men being brought to the kings presence iustifie their actioÌ„s with ioy and the king sendeth them bounde to Iericho Herode assembleth the gouernours of the Iewes and expostulateth with theÌ„ about this coÌ„motion Matthias is depriued of the hie priesthood and Iozar is assigned his place Ioseph Ellemi for one day hie priest Matthias and Iudas burned The Ecclipse The yeare of the world 3963. after Christs birth 1. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 〈◊〉 Herodes horrible sicknes The hot bathâ—… of Calliroes that flow into the lake Asphaltite Herode bestoweth a distribution among his souldiers Herode commandeth that the noblest of the Iewes should be slain after his death The yeare of the world 3963. after Christs Natiuitie 1. Letters are sent froÌ„ Rome that Acme was executed by Caesars command and that he had authoritie to vse Antipater at his pleasure Herod calling for a knifâ—… and an apple intendeth to stab himselfe Achiab withholdeth his hand Antipater thinking his father to bee dead dealeth with his keeper for his deliuery which Herod heating of commandeth him to be slaine Hedio Ruffinus chap. 10. Herods will is changed His legacy to Caesar and Iulia his wife Herods death Herods mutable strange fortune Salome and Alexas after the kings death dismisse the Iewes y t were shut vp in the Hippodrome The yeare of the world 3963 after the Naâ—…tie of Christ. 1. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 11. Herods thaâ—…sgiuing to his armie and testament read Archelaus is applauded by the people Alias cap. 12. Herods corps is buried with great pompe and solemnity in Herodion The Germans and French serued vnder Herod Archelaus banquetteth the people Archelaus pro miseth that with Caesars approbation hee will carefully intend the desires and profits of the people The yeare of the world 3963. after Christs birth 1. Hedio Ruffinus chap. 12. â—…l 13. The seditious people bewail Matthias and those that were executed with them They would be reuenged on Herods friends and would depose the high priest The yeare of the world 3964. after Christs naâ—… 2. Sedition at the feast of the Passeouer The yeare of the world 3964. after Christs birth 2. Three thousand Iewes slaine Archelaus repaires to Rome and many of his faction follow him Hedio Ruffinus chap. 13. al. 14. Sabinus repaireth to Ierusalem with an intent to leaze Herodes treasures castles Antipas vnder hope to recouer the kingdome saileth to Rome Antipater Salomes son accuseth Archelaus before Augustus Caesar. The yeare of the world 3964. after Christs Natiuitie 2. Nicholaus excuseth Archelaus The yeare of the world 3964 after the Natiuitie of Chrisâ—… 2â—… Caesar pronounceth Archelaus to be worthy oâ—… the kingdome Hedio Ruffinus chap. 14. Marthace Archelaus mother dieth Varus pacifieth the seditious at Ierusalem Alias chap. 15. Sabinus auarice raiseth a great sedition in Ierusalem at the feast of Penticost A most bloudy battel fought betwixt the Romanes and Iewes neere vnto the teÌ„ple
Ant. lib. 14. cap. 11. Alexanders mother striueth to pacifie Gabinius with rewards The change of y e gouernment of the Iewes Ant. lib. 14. cap. 12. Aristobulus escaping from Rome raiseth new troubles Aristobulus fighteth with the Romans The Romans obtaine the victory and cary away Aristobulus and his son to Rome Alexander Aristobulus son once more prouoketh the Iewes to rebellion The Iewes ouercome by the Romans Gabinius ouercommeth the Nabathaeans in battell Ant. lib. 14. cap 13. Marcus crassus taketh away the rest of the gold of the temple Antipaters wife a noble woman of Arabia The yeare of the world 3917 before Christs birth 47. Ant lib. 14. cap. 14. Caesar deliuereth Aristobulus from his bonds Aristobulus his son slain by PoÌ„peies frieÌ„ds Ant. lib. 14. cap. 15. Ptolemaeus son marieth Antigonus yonger daughter and for that cause is slaine by his father Ant. lib. 14. cap. 16. Mithridates goeth to Pelusium therby obtaineth Antigonus helpe Mithridates victory against the Egyptians Antipater performeth many noble exploits and exposeth himselfe to all daunger for Caesars sake Caesar maketh Antipater a free citizen of Rome Antigonus Aristobulus son commeth to Caesar to accuse Pompeies friends for his fathers death The yeare of the world 3917. before the birth of Christs 47. Antigonus fallely accuseth Hyrcanus and Antipater Antipater casting off his garment sheweth his many woundes Caesar createth Hyrcanus hie priest and to Antipater he giueth the gouerâ—…ment of Iudaea Ant. lib. 14. cap. 16. Antipater repaireth y e wals of his country Antipater chargeth his subiects to obey Hyrcanus Phasaelus and Herode Antipaters sonnes Herodes fortitude Herod banisheth y e theeues out of Syria Phasaelus obtained the fauour of the people of Ierusalem Hyrcanus animated by enuious men against Antipater and his sonnes Herode called to his answere before the councell The yeare of the world 3922. before Christs birth 24. Hyrcanus absolueth Herod Hircanus once more incited by the wicked Herode gathering a great army commeth to Ierusalem to depose Hyrcanus Herode disswaded by Antipater from attempting against Hyrcanus Bassus murthereth Sextus Caesar by treason Marcus Sextus successor Ant. lib. 14. cap. 2. Iulius Caesar slaâ—…ne by Brutus Cassius Cassius leuieth money in the cities Herode Cassius friend Cassius seuere in his exactions The yeare of the world 3922. before Christs birth 42. Malichus forgetfull of Antipaters kindnes Antipater gathereth an armie against Malichus Octauius Augustus succeedeth after Caesar Cassius promiseth Herode after the warre to make him king of Iudaea Antipater poisoned by Malichus Herode intendeth to reuege his fathers death Malichus ioyneth with Hyrcanus Cassius chargeth Herode by letters to reuenge his fathers death The decree of fate laugheth at human hope Herods tribunes murther Malichus The yeare of the world 3923 before Christs birth 41. Ant. lib. 14. cap. 20. Foelix commeth with an army against Phasaelus Phasaelus ouercommeth Foelix toucheth Hyrcanus with ingratitude Antigonus Aristobulus son put to flight by Herode Doris Herods first wife of good birth by whom he had Antipater The chiefest Iewes repaire to Caesar to accuse Phasaelus and Herod Ant. lib. 14. cap 21. The Iewes once more coÌ„plaine against y e two brothers Antonius maketh the two brothers Tetrarches Antonius coÌ„mandeth in Tyre Sedition in IerusaleÌ„ against the brethren Antonius slue the captiues The yeare of the world 3923. before the birth of Christ. 41. Ant. lib. 14. cap. 21. Lysanias persuadeth Batzapharnes to depose Hyrcanus and enstate Antigonus A sore fight in the market place betwixt Antigonus and Hyrcanus Daily slaughters in Ierusalem Phasaelus entertaineth the Parthians and with him fiue hundreth horse Pacorus treason and subtiltie The yeare of the world 3924. before the Natiuitie of Christ. 40. * Or free Herode in Ierusalem and Phasaelus in the camp are in danger of their liues The yeare of the world 3924. before Christs birth 40. Herod is laid for to be betraied Herode in the night time flieth into Idumaea Herod more hotely pursued by the Iewes then the Parthians Herods victory Herodium Massada Petra a citie of Arabia The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Antigonus â—…weth off Hircanus eares Phasaelus words before he died The Parthians establish Antigonus king The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs Natiuitie 39. Animaters to impudence Herode perceiueth the Arabians to be his enemies Herod in great dangers repaireth to Rome Herod repairing to Rome hath conference with Antonius Ant. lib. 14. cap. 13. Herod â—…ndeth both Caesar and Antonius fauourable vnto him Herode praised before the Senate Herode made king by the 〈◊〉 Romane Senate The yeare of the world 3925 before Christs birth 39. Ant. lib. 14. cap. 23. Antigonus getteth Massada The wars between Antigonus soldiers Ioseph Herods brother Ventidius the Romane generall taketh money from Antigonus Ant. lib. 14. cap. 24. Herod against Antigonus Herod intendeth that after he hath taken Massada and Ioppe to besiege Ierusalem Herod begirteth Ierusalem with a siege proclaimeth the cause of his comming Siloes subtiltie being corrupted by y e Iewes Herod gathereth great store of prouision The yeare of the world 3925. before Christs birth 39. Herod accompanied with ten troupes commeth to Iericho The Romane got a great pray Ant. lib. 14. cap. 24. Herod taketh the citie of Sephoris Herode setteth forth against the theeues The yeare of the world 3926. before Christs birth 38. Ant. lib. ca. 25. The description of the caues where the theeues kept The yeere of the world 3926. before Christs birth 38. Ptolemey captaine of Herods souldiers slaine Machaeras iniquitie The yeare of the world 3927. before Christs birth 37. Antonius admireth Herods valour Antigonus cruelty against Iosephs care as The yeare of the world 3927. before Christs Natiuitie 37. Herode certified of his brothers death in a dreame Herods dining roume fell after he had forsaken it and gone to bed The number of the carcasses hinder the souldiers passage The yeare of the world 3928 before Christs birth 36. Herode beheadeth Pappus Antigonus captaine Ant. lib. 14. cap. 1â—… Ierusalem besieged The yeare of the world 3929 before Christs birth 35. The Iewes valiantly defend themselues Herods souldiers after fiue moneths siege enter the citie Slaughter in Ierusalem Sosius taketh Antigonus The yeare of the world 3929. before the birth of Christ. 35. Herode liberally bestoweth mony vpoÌ„ the souldiers Antigonus beheaded Ant. lib. 14. cap. 1. Cleopatras cruelty against her kinred Cleopatras couetousnes The yeare of the world 3934. before Christs birth 30. Ant. lib. 15. cap. 5. Clapatras subtill treason against Herode The yeare of the world 3934. before Christs birth 30. Ant. lib. 15. cap. 6. The Arabians defeat Herods army The Actian warre between Antonius and Augustus Another calamitie of Herodes Herodes oration to his dismaied souldiers Feare giueth confidence Thâ—… yâ—…re of 〈◊〉 world 3934. befoâ—… Christs birth 30. Herodes peroration Herode sacrificeth to God before the battell Herode assaileth the enemie The Arabiâ—…
thorow extreame thirst are inforced to yeeld to thâ—… Iewes Ant. lib. 〈◊〉 cap. 7. Herods oration to Augustus Caesar. Herode speaketh freely before Câ—… The yeare of the world 3934. before Christs birth 30 Caesars anâ—… to Herod Herods gratulation toward Caesar. Caesar increaseth Herodes Dominion Herode made gouernour of Syria The yeâ—…re of the world 3947. before Christs birth 17. Ant. lib. 15. cap. 10. 12. 13. 14. Herodes buildings The yeare of the world 3947. before the birth of Christ. 17. The fountaine head of Iordan Herod maketh a greater port then that of Piraeum An apt description of a haueÌ„ The yeere of the world 3947. before Christs birth 17. Caesarea in time past called the tower of Straton Ant. lib. 15. ca. 10. 12. lib. 17. cap. 5. Agrippium Antipatris Cyprus Phasaelus tower Herodium Herodium a castle resembling a citie Herods bountie to all men Herod famous thorow the world The yeare of the world 3954 before Christs birth 10. Herode a great hunter The yeare of the world 3954. before Christs Natiuitie 8. Herod besides the vertue of mind and body had the blessings of fortune Ant. lib. 15. cap. 3. 8. lib. 16. cap. 13. Herod expelseth Antipater out of the citie and killeth Hyrcanus his wiues grandmother Herods children by Maririamme Mariamme hatefully vpbraideth Herode with Hyrcanus death Herods mother and sister do falsely accuse Mariamme to him Herod secretly chargeth Ioseph to kill his wife Herodes suspition betwixt Ioseph and his wife The yeare of the world 3954. before Christs birth 10. Herode commandeth both Ioseph and Mariamme to be slaine Mariammes sons inheritor of her displeasure The yeare of the world 3956. before Christs birth 8. Herods debate with those sons he had by Mariamme Ant lib. 16. cap. 4. Antipater by disgracing his brothers is declared his fathers heire Herod accuseth Alexander before Caesar. A reconciliation betweene Herode and his sonnes Archelaus kindly entertaineth Herod and his sonnes Herods worthy oration to the people wherein he distributeth honours to his three sonnes The yeare of the world 3956. before the birth of Christ. 8. Herod giueth not the kingdome to his sons but the honours of the kingdome Herode conuerteth his speech to his sonnes Herod by his words did not vtterly extinguish the hatred betweenâ—… his sonnes Antipaters treason against his brother Alexander By whatmeans Antipater corrupted his brother Alexanders friends Anupater whetâ—…eth Herode and his courtiers against Alexander The yeare of the world 3956 before Christs birth 8. Glaphyra Alexanders wiâ—…e increased his conceiued suspition by her words Aristobulus obiecteth to his wife her base birth Ant. lib. 16. cap. 7. Alexander and Aristobulus often times bewaile their mother and by that meanes prouoke their father The two brothers excuse themselues before their father Herod The yeare of thâ—… world 3956. before Christs Natiuitie 8. Alexander corrupteth his fathers Eunuches and telleth them â—…e 〈◊〉 to succeed in the kingdome Herod seareth his sonne Alexander Ant. lib. 17. cap. 8. Hrods cruelty Herode casteth Alexander into prisoâ—… and tortured his friends Alexander during his imprisonment wrote â—…oure bookes against his enemies Archelaus king of Cappadocia The yeare of the world 3956. before Christs birth 8. Archelaus and Herode consulte vpon Alexanders bookes Herode is incensed against his brother Pheroras Pheroras attired in a mourning garment with teares falleth before Herodes 〈◊〉 and craueth pardon Pheroras by Archelaus meanes pacifieth Herode Archelaus compelleth Herode of his owne accord to be intreated for Alexander Herod dismisseth Archelaus and his friends with great presents Ant. lib. 16. cap. 11. Eurycles the Lacedemonian secretly accuseth AlexaÌ„der to his father and is the cause of his death The yeare of the world 3956. before Christs birth 8. Eurycles by fained friendship deceiueth Alexander Another false accusation of Alexander his brother moueth Herod to indignation The yeere of the world 3956. before Christs birth 8. Diophanrus the kings notary writeth fained letters in Alexanders name Cous Euaratus Ant. lib. 16. cap. 12. Herode by Salomes counsaile imprisoneth his sons The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Ant. lib 16. cap. 13. Herode gathereth a councell against Alexander Aristobulus Herode accuseth his sonnes in open iudgement Herodes sentence against his sonnes The yeare of the world 3961. before the birth of Christ. 3. Tiro an olde souldier exclameth against Herodes crueltie Tyro with his sonne are by the kings command laid hands on Ant. lib. 16. cap. 13. Another false accusation against Tyro Herode commaundeth his sonnes to be strangled and to be buried with Alexander their mothers vncle Ant. lib. 17. cap. 21. Anupater striueth by gifts and bribes to creepe into mens fauours The yeare of the world 3961 before Christs birth 3. Herode grieuously bemoned his sons expressing the same by his â—…ation toward their children Herode betrotheth his nephewes Herodes children by his seuen wiues Herode is perswaded by Antipaters flatteries to breake off the mariages Ant. lib. 17. cap. 3. Antipater buildeth vpon the kingdome Adebaâ—… betwixt the Ladies in y t court The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Ant. li. 17. ca. 4. Herode forbiddeth Antipater of his brothers company or to haue conference with his wife Fabatus Caesars gouernor discouereth Syllaeus secrets Herod banisheth his brother Pheroras and and his wife Pheroras died and was buried in Ierusalem Ant. lib. 17. cap. 5. The yeare of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. A witch of Arabia The confession oâ—… the women in their tortures Doris Antipaters mother is spoyled of her Iewels and thrust out of the pallace Pheroras wife freely confesseth what was become of the poyson The yeare of the world 396â—… before Christs Natiuitie 3. Gods iustice leaueth nothing vnpunished Antipaters treasons against Archelaus and Philip his brothers Antipater giueth a great summe of money to those that counterfait letters against his brothers Ant. lib. 18. cap. 8. Antipater is solicited By Herode with many kind words to hasten his returne The yeare of the world 3961 before Christs birth 3. Antipater hated in Caesarea Antipaters entertainment at his fathers hands Antipater is iudged before Varus Herods accusation against Antipater The years of the world 3961. before Christs birth 3. Herodes kindnes towards his children Herode loued Antipater aboue the rest and bestowed many benefits on him Antipaters answer and excuse Antipater calleth Rome and Caesar to witnesse The yeere of the world 3â—…61 before Christs birth 3. Nicholaus by the kings commaund beginneth a most hainous and bitter accusation against Antipater Nicholaus peroration The venome tried vpon a condemned man An other proofe against Antipater Herod intendeth Antipaters punishment therefore blotteth his name out of his Testament Ant. lib. 17. cap. 8. The yeare of the world 3963. before Christs Natiuitie 3. Iudas and Matthias perswade the people to pul downe the golden Eagle The yong men that puld downe the Eagle are brought before Herod
and are examined The yong men with the ringleaders condemned to die The king trobled with many diseases Ant. lib. 17. cap. 9. Herod seeketh remedie in his sicknes at the hot bathes Herod full of melancholy The embassadors signifie Acmes death and bring letters that authorize Herod to punish Antipater The yeare of the world 3963 after Christs birth 1. Herode ouercome with paine would haue slaine himselfe Ant. lib 17. cap. 16. Antipaters death Ant. lib. 17. cap. 12. Herodes death signified to the souldiers Archelaus proclaimed king after his fathers decease Herodes pompous funerall The yeare of the world 3964. after the birth of Christ. 2. Ant lib. 17. cap. 11. The lamentations and banquets Archelaus maâ—… The yeare of the world 3964. after Christs birth 2. Archelaus promiseth his subiects all fauour Asedition about the pulling downe of the Eagle and the agents thereof Ant. lib. 17. cap. 12. Archelaus bountie towards the seditious The feast of Easter solemnly kept and much sacrifice offered Three thousand of the Iewes slaine at the feast of Easter Sabinus commeth into Iudaea to sease y e fortresses and keepe the treasure Ant. lib. 17. cap. 13. Antipas elected king by Herodes former testament striueth with Archelaus for the kingdome The yeare of the world 3964. after Christs birth 2. Antipas accuseth Archelaus by letters to Caesar. Caesar calleth a councell of Romane nobilitie Antipaters vehement accusation against Archelaus Antipater spareth no vehemency in accusing Archelaus The will changed during Herods sicknes Antipater against Archelaus Nicholaus defendeth Archelaus Archelaus humbleth himselfe at Caesars feete Caesars bountie and humanitie towards him The yeere of the world 3964. after Christs birth 2. Ant. lib. 17. cap. 14. Sedition in Ierusalem Sabinus seazeth the kings treasure and laboureth to get possessioÌ„ of his fortresses Three campes of the Iewes Sabinus getteth into the highest tower of the strongest castle A skirmish betweene the Iewes and Romanes The Romans fire the porches The yeare of the world 3964. after the birth of Christ. 2. Ant lib. 17. cap. 15. Simon one of the kings seruants taketh the kingdome vpon him Athrongaeus a shepheard vsurpeth the kingdome The end and issue of the warre Ant. lib. 17. cap. 16. Varus assisteth the Romanes against the Iewes Varus taketh diuers cities and castles of Iudaea Ammaus burnt Varus commeth to Ierusalem with his army and with his onely preseÌ„ce dismaieth the Iewes The yeare of the world 3966. after Christs birth 4. Varus crucified two thousand of the seditious Varus mercy and bountie to the Idumeans Ant. lib. 17. cap. 17. Ethnarch a ruler oâ—… gouernour The Iewes call Archelaus in question A bitter accusation of the Iewes against Herod and his sonnes Herods tyrannie and cruelty The Iewes beseech the Romanes to haue compassion on the remainder of the Iewes The yeere of the world 3966. after Chrâ—…s Natiuitie 4. Nicholaus defendethâ—… Archelaus before Caesar and the â—…est Caesar maketh Archelaus Ethnarch of Juâ—…ie The distribution of the kingdome to Herods children Those cities that were vnder Archelaus subiection Salome Princesse of Iamnia Azotus and Phasaelis Ant. lib. 17. cap. 18. A certaine young man faiâ—…ing himself to be that Alexander whom Herod slew deciueth manie Caesar desireth to see the yong man The yeare of the world 3966 after Christs birth 4. Caesar maketh the counterfait Alexander a gallery slaue and executeth his counseller Ant. lib. 17. cap. 1â—… Archelaus banished for his tyranny and his goods confiscated Archelaus dreame of the oxen eares of corne Archelaus refusing Mariamme marieth Glaphyra Glaphyra saw Alexander in her sleepe Ant. lib. 18. cap. 1â—… The yeare of the world 3973. after Christs birth 11 Three sects among y e Iewes of which the Esseans were the best The Esseans doctrine of mariage Among the Esseans goods are common The yeere of the world 3973. after Christs birth 11. The Esseans hospitalitie The Esseans apparrell Their religion and labour The Esseans in compassion and helping others haue free choice in other things they are ruled by their gouernour The Esseans sweare not The Esseans vowes and couenants The yeere of the world 3973. after Christs birth 11 The Esseans circumspect in Iustice. The Esseans reuerence the Sabboths The Esseans liue long time The Esseans constancy in the warre with the Romanes The yeare of the world 3979. after Christs birth 17. The Esseans esteeme the soule immortall but they beleeue not the resurrection of the dead The Grecians opinion of the soule of man The yeare of the world 3979. after Christs Natiuitie 17. The Esseans prophecy There is a colledge of the Esseans that differeth from the former in the point of mariage The second sect of the Pharisees The third of the Sadduces Ant. lib. 18. cap. 5. The yeare of the world 3997. after the Natiuitie of Christ. 35. The people would not condescend to Pilate to alter their country lawes Pilate admiring the constancy of the Iewes in their religion sendeth statuaes from IerusaleÌ„ The yeare of the world 3998. after Christs birth 36. The yeare of the world 3998 after Christs birth 33. Pilate beateth the seditious with clubs The yeere of the world 4001. after Christs birth 39. Agrippa Aristobulus sonne hateth Tiberius and insinuateth himselfe into Caius Caligulas friendship Tiberius raigned 22. yeeres sixe moneths and 3. â—…daies Caius Caesar giueth the Tetrarchie to Agrippa Aristobulus sonne and maketh him a king Ant. lib. 18. cap. 14. Herode and his wife remaine in Spayne The yeare of the world 4002. after Christs birth 40. Ant. lib. 18. cap. 15. Caius Caesar calleth and reputeth himselfe a God The feare the Iewes had of Petronius armie The description of Ptolemais Sand like glasse neere Memnons sepulcher The yeare of the world 4002. after the birth of Christ. 40. Petronius certifieth y e Iewes of the Romans power and Caesars threats The constancy of the Iewes Petronius once more assembleth the Iewes and threatneth them Petronius sendeth to Caesar and signifieth the Iewes supplication Petronius receiueth letters of Caesars death The yeare of the world 4005. after Christs natiuitie 43 Ant lib. 19. cap. 3. Caius raigned three yeeres and six moneths Agrippa is chosen both betwixt the Senate and Claudius for an arbiter The yeere of the world 4005. afterChrists birth 43. The Senates answere to Agrippa The Senate follow the souldiers to Claudius Claudius honorably entertainâ—…th the Senate Agrippas kingdome The yeere of the world â—…08 after Christs birth 46. Ant. lib. 19. cap. 5. Agrippa after he had raigned three yeeres in Caesarea dieth Herod after he had raigned in Chalcis dieth Ant. lib. 19. cap. 7. 8. Alexanders and Aristobulus Genealogy The yeâ—…re of the world 4011. after Christs natiuitie 49. The yeare of theÌ„ world 4011. after Christs birth 49. A filthy fact and speech of a souldier against the Iewes on a festiuall day Cumanus 〈◊〉 the peoples rage Some tenne thousand men thronged to death A souldier cutteth the booke of the holy scripture in peeces and burneth it