which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
be the Bormanicum of Pliny Others the ancient Alaunicum or Machaovilla There are divers Religious Houses there Manresa Manrese Minorissa a small City in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Cardoner which a little lower falls into the Lobregat ten Leagues from Barcellona to the North. Once a Bishops See Man 's Vrbs Cenomanorum Cenomanum a great rich populous City in the Duchy of Maine in France of old called Vindinum seated upon the River Sartre where it takes in the Huisne ten Leagues from Alenson to the South sixteen from â—ours to the North and the same distance from Vendosine to the North-West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours the Capital of Le Maine and heretofore one of the most flourishing Cities of Gallia Celtica Mansfeldt an Island in Hudson's Bay in the Terra Arctica of America discovered some time since by the English Mansfeld Mansfeldensis Comitatus is a County or Earldom in the Vpper Saxony in the Landtgravate of Thuring between the Principality of Anhalt to the North the Territory of Mersburgh in Misnia to the East and Thuring properly so called to the East and West It is now sequestred in the Hands of the Elector of Saxony but was before under a Count of its own whose Family being now divided into four Branches each of them has the Right of Living Hunting and Fishing in this County with that of Patronage and two thousand Florins yearly Income the Government is in the Hands of the Electors for their security and payments The chief Town is Mansfeld which stands nine Miles from Maegdeburgh to the South and Erfurd to the North and sixteen from Gottingen to the East Mansfield a good large well built and inhabited Market Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Broxtow It stands in the Forest of Sherwood Mantale an ancient Castle in the Territory of Vienne in Dauphine remarkable upon the account of a Council called Concilium Monotalense in 879. for the Election of Boson King of Provence Arles and Burgundy Mante Medunta commonly Epitheted la Jolie a City or great Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the Seyne in the very Borders of le vexin twelve Leagues beneath Paris to the West and sixteen above Roan to the South-East Philip II. King of France died here in 1223. It heretofore enjoyed the Honour of the Title of an Earldom and had a Cittadel which was destroyed by Henry IV. In 1376. Charles V. King of France Founded a Monastery of the Celestines in it besides which it is adorned with a Collegiate Church Mantonea a City in the Morea in Arcadia famous for the Death of Epaminondas the celebrated Thebean General in the year of Rome 391. It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Parthenius twenty five Miles from Megalopolis to the North and seven from Misitra to the North-West Now called Mandi or Mundi Mantoua Mantua a very ancient City in Lombardy in Italy built three hundred years before Rome It is the Capital of a Dukedom and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja but exempt from his Jurisdiction ever since 1453. A great and a magnificent City seated within the Bosom of a Lake of the same Name made by the River Menzo which contributes very much to its strength and security In 1629. it was taken by the German Imperial Forces and miserably impoverished but soon after restored to its Duke by the Interposition of the French Court It stands forty five Miles from Modena to the North twenty from Verona to the South and forty from Cremona to the East This was the Country of Virgil the great Latin Poet who Celebrates the Fertility of its Fields in his Georg. 2. And of Tasso the Italian In the year 1064. the Election of Pope Alexander II. to the See of Rome was confirmed in a Council here against Honorius II. an Antipope set up by the Emperor Henry IV. The Dukedom of Mantoua is bounded on the East by that of Ferrara on the North by the Territories of Verona and Brescia on the West by Cremona and the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Dukedoms of Modena and Mirandola Said to be equal together with Montisferat which belongs to this Duke to the Dukedom of Florence in extent but not in Revenue yet it is fruitful and abounds in Cattle This Dukedom fell first into the Family of Gonzaga which now possesseth it in 1328. Lewis I. of this Line then slaying Passavino the last of the Bonocelsi's in the Market-Place and assuming the Government into his own Hands as Lord of Mantoua John Francisco the Fifth of the Line was made Marquess of Mantoua by Sigismond the Emperor in 1433. Frederick II. the ninth of them was Created Duke by Charles V. in 1530. Charles III. is the eighteenth of this House and succeeded his Father Charles II. This Dukedom is thirty five Miles from North to South and fifty from East to West Manata the same with la Mancha Mar a County in the North-East part of Scotland extending in length from East to West sixty Miles partly mountainous and barren partly fruitful on the North it has Murray and Buchan on the East the German Ocean on the South Mern and Angus and on the West Athole The River Dee enricheth the South and the Done the North side of this County yet is there in it no Town of great Note Maracaibo or Marecaye a City in the Province of Venezuela in Castile d' Or in the South America upon a vast Lake of the same Name well built rich populous well traded and enjoying the Benefit of an excellent Port wherein the Spaniards build their Ships Maragnan Marahim Maranania an Island on the Coast of Brasil at the Mouth of the River Mirary which gives Name to the next Province to it This was once planted with French but in 1641. taken by the Hollanders and since retaken by the Portuguese There is in it a Town called S. Lewis with a Castle and altho but a small Place yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador Long. 332. 40. Southern Lat. 02. 10. § The River Xauxa in Peru is also called El Vio Maragnon See Xauxa Marans a Town upon the River Sicur Niortoise in the pais d' Aulnis in France two Leagues from the Sea and four from Rochelle It stands in a Marsh hath a Castle and been often taken in the Wars by the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots Marasso C. Delle Cacca Haermaeum the most Western Cape in the Island of Sardinia lying Long. 32. 10. Lat. 41. 15. Marata a small Kingdom in North America placed by Sanson near the New Kingdom of Mexico and the Vermiglian Ocean Marathon Marason Marathona an ancient City of Attica in Greece famous in History for the Defeat given by Miltiades with his Army of twelve thousand Athenians to five hundred thousand Persians in the year of Rome 264. and the third of the seventy second Olympiad Marca
Tongue signifies the Fishing-Place Meckleburg or Mekelbourg Meckelburgum Megalopolis a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme and the Capital of the Dukedom of Meckelburg now ruined nothing remaining but a Castle near the Baltick Sea one Germany Mile from Wismar to the South and three from Swerin which is now the Bishops See to the North. This in the times of the Vandals and Heruli was the greatest City in Europe ruined by removing the Ducal Seat to Wismar because this Town was too big to be fortified as Crantius saith The Dukedom of Meckleburg is a Province of Germany in the Lower Saxony of considerable extent on the North bounded with the Baltick Sea on the East by Pomerania on the West by Holstein and Lawenburg and on the South by the Marquisate of Brandenburg It is now under two Princes of the same Family the Eastern under the Duke of Gustrow and the Western under the Duke of Swerin The Vandals Heruli and Burgundians were the ancient Inhabitants of this Country The Dukes are descended from Peribislaus the last King of the Heruli who being conquered by Henry the Lyon was forced about 1158. to take the Title of Duke instead of King as an Homager to the House of Saxony This Division was made about 1592 upon the Death of John the last single Duke of this intire Dukedom The Reformation was embraced betimes in this Country Medelpad Medelpadia a Province of Sweden which is a part of Angerman between Helsinga to the South Angerman properly so called Jemptland to the North the Baltick Sea to the East and Dale-Carle to the West Medemblick a Town in West Friesland one of the Vnited Provinces of the Low-Countries seated upon the Zuyder Sea upon which it has a large and secure Haven two Miles and an half from Hoorn and above eight from Amsterdam to the North. It is in the Maps Medenblick Media an ancient and celebrated Kingdom of Asia betwixt Armenia Major Hyrcania the Caspian Sea Assyria Susiana c. Where are now the Provinces of Schirvan Gilan Hyerach Agemy and Dilemon in Persia It was in the beginning subject to the Assyrians till Arbaces Governour of Media under Sardanapalus King of Assyria taking advantage of the loosness of that Prince to cast off the yoak of the Assyrian Empire established a Second in Media in his own person Anno Mundi 3178. according to the common Computation one hundred years before the first Olympiad and eight hundred seventy six before the Coming of Christ This Monarchy of the Medes continued under nine Kings from Arbaces to Astyages three hundred and seventeen years and then Astyages lost his Crown and Throne to Cyrus Anno Mundi 3495. Anno Romae 195. in the beginning of the fifth Olympiad The Capital City of the Medes was Ecbatana The others Arsacia now Casbin Cyropolis c. As for the name of Media most agree to derive it from Madai one of the Sons of Japhet Medina del Campo Methymna Campestris a Town in Old Castile in Spain Medina Caeli Ecelesta Augustobriga Mediolum Secontia Vetus Methymna Celia a small Roman City in Old Castile in Spain built upon an Hill near the River Xalon Salo and gives the Title of a Duke to the Family de Corda one of the Noblest Families in Spain which pretends a Right to the Crown of that Kingdom This City stands two Leagues from the Fountains of the River Xalon to the East thirty one from Madrid to the North-East and thirty four from Saragoza to the South-West Medina del rio Seco Forum Egurrorum Methymna Sicca a Town in the Kingdom of Spain Medina Sidonia Asindum Assidonia a Town in Andaluzia mentioned by Ptolemy now made famous by giving the Title of a Duke to the Family of Gusman in Spain it stands upon a Hill nine Miles from Cadiz to the East twenty five from Malaga to the West and was once a Bishops See as Haubertus avers Medina Talnabi that is the City of the Prophet a City in Arabia upon the River Laakic thirty Miles from the Red Sea to the East two hundred from Mecca to the North having a Port upon the Red Sea called Jambi at the Mouth of the River Long. 70. 10. Lat. 26. 00. according to our last Maps This City was of old called Jatrib by Stephanus Jatrippa by Ptolemy Latrippa at present Metina Medina It is seated in a Plain between Mount Ohod to the North and Mount Air to the South Mahomet the Grand Impostor who was born here in 560. finding his Country-men not overmuch inclined to imbrace his new Doctrines fled from hence to Mecca in 617. Having there by his Impostures gathered a great Rabble and pretending a quarrel against the Jews who had a Synagogue in this City he attempted to reduce it by force of Arms unprosperously at first but with better success the second time thereupon he turned the Jewish Synagogue into the first Mosque for the Exercise of his new Religion They of Mecca being alarmed with this Conqueâ—t in the next place took up Arms against him and prevailed but in the second Battel were defeated and subdued Therefore he fixed his chief Seat at Mecca where or here as others say he died in 631. at sixty three years of Age according to some at seventy twenty three of which he spent in propagating his abominable Doctrines thirteen at Medina and ten at Mecca five of which ten followed his Conquering Mecca The Mosque is extremely rich and magnificent sustained by four hundred Pillars which are charged with above three thousand Lamps of Silver and Here there is seen the Tomb of Mahomet which is a Coffin elevated upon Pillars of Black Marble under a Canopy of Cloath of Silver and Gold which the Bassa of Egypt by the Grand Seignior's Order renews every year surrounded with Ballisters and abundance of Lamps of Silver The Mediterranean Sea called by the Romans Mare Internum by the French Italians and Spaniards with little difference il Mare Mediterraneo by the Germans die Mittellendish Meer by the Dutch het Meidâ—anichezee by the Poles Morze Modkeâ—emie idoce by the Turks Ac Denghiz This is the most celebrated Sea in the whole World first discovered and most used by mankind It breaks in from the Atlantick Ocean between Spain and Africa by a Streight of seven Miles broad as the Ancients report it on the North it has Europe on the East Asia and on the South Africa Called by various names as to its parts that Branch of it between Spain France and Italy is called the Tyrrhenian Sea that between Italy to the West Greece and Dalmatia to the East the Adriatick now the Gulph of Venice and the Ionian Sea that which parts Greece from Asia to the Dardanells formerly called the Aegean Sea is now called the Archipelago that which expands it self between Greece and Asia as far as Constantinople is called the Propontis or Sea of Constantinople and that much
of Poland called by the Natives Poconk or Pocouth It is a part of the Territory of Halitz between the River Tyra now the Neister and the Borders of Transylvania and Walachia the principal Town is Sniatim upon the Pruth the rest Colomey and Martinow Podgarim Babylonia a Province in Asia Podolia Bodeni Budini Patzinacae Populi a Province of the Kingdom of Poland comprehended under the Red Russia of which it is a part and subject to a Palatine of its own Bounded on the North by Volhinia on the East by the Palatinate of Braslaw on the South by Wallachia and on the West by Russia properly so called or the Black Russia This Country extends Eastward through vast uninhabited Countries as far as the Euxine Sea They divide it ordinarily into the Vpper Podolia to the West and the Lower to the East The people are Russians by their Original conquered by the Poles and in the year 1434. admitted to the same Privileges with the rest of Poland by Vladislaus then King of Poland It is fruitful to a wonder yet more accommodated to the life of Beasts than Men. Could it enjoy a steady Peace it should not need to envy the Fertility of Italy or any other Country but being a Frontier against the Turks and Tartars and always exposed to their devouring Incursions it is but meanly inhabited and not much improved In the year 1672. it was yielded to the Turks a part of it has been retrieved since The principal place is Caminieck in the Vpper Podolia the rest are Tzudnow Bratzlaw in the Lower and Orczakow which last is in the hands of the Tartars Poictiers Pictavium Augustoritum Pictava Pictavorum Vrbs a City which is the Capital of the Province of Poictou in France a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a celebrated University founded by Charles VII in 1431. It stands upon the River Clain at its Confluence with another small River which there makes a large Lake fourteen Leagues from the Loyre to the South thirty from Saintes to the North and thirty five from Bourges to the West Famous for many Battels sought near it especially that of the Black Prince in the year 1356. In which John King of France was taken Prisoner together with many Lords and two thousand Knights and Esquires Fifty two Lords one thousand seven hundred Knights and Gentlemen were slain of the French Three French Battalions the least of which exceeded the English were intirely routed and in great part destroyed In the Reign of Charles VII King of France whilest the Victorious English were Masters of the Capital of the Kingdom the Parliament of Paris for some years sat here The old Castle by the Gate of S. Lazare is thought to have been the Work of the Romans who built besides an Amphitheatre and other Edisices yet apparent in their remains This City contains twenty four Parishes five Abbeys and divers Monasteries The Episcopal See became famous in the Primitive Times by the Person of S. Hilary Divers Councils have been celebrated at it In one Anno 1075. Berengarius appeared whilst the Doctrine of the Presence in opposition to his was received recognized and established Another under Pope Paschal II. excommunicated Philip I. King of France The Roman Catholicks took Poictiers from the Huguenots and plundered it in 1562. In 1569. the Huguenots under Admiral Coligny besieged it but were forced to rise without success Poictou Pictaviensis Provincia is a large Province in France which was a part of Aquitain whilest under the Romans and called by the Italians Poitu It s greatest extent is from East to West being bounded on the East by Touraine and la Marche on the North by Anjou and Bretagne on the West by the Bay of Aquitain or the British Sea and on the South by Saintonge and Angoulesme This Province was pillaged in the fifth Century by the Vandals Huns and Germans The Romans in the Reign of the Emperour Honorius left it to the Wisigoths whom Clovis the Grand expelled about the year 510. Then from the time of Charlemaigne it was under Sovereign Counts of its own till 1271 when upon a failure of the Line it was united to the Crown of France These Counts had for about nineteen several Successions attained the Title of Dukes of Guyenne Not to omit the the Descent of the Provinces of Guyenne and Poictou upon the Crown of England in 1152. by Eleanour Wise to Henry II. Nor the attempt made in 1242. though without success by Richard Earl of Cornwall Brother to King John to reduce Poictou under the Obedience of England again after the French pretended K. John had forfeited his Rights by the Death of Arthur The principal Towns next Poictiers are Chastelleraud Thouars S. Maxient Fountenay Loudun Niort Parthenay and Richelieu Poissy Pisciacum a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone Bridge over the Seine six Leagues above Paris to the East S. Lewis King of France was born here in 1215. The heart of King Philip le Bel was interred in a Church here of his own foundation It has divers Religious Houses And in the last Age was more especially famous upon the account of a Conference of Religion betwixt the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots from September 4. 1560. to November 25. held in the presence of Charles IX King of France and Catherine de Medicis the Queen Regent assisted with the Princes of the Blood a great number of Cardinals Bishops Counsellors and Grandees of the Kingdom and Learned Men of both Religions Beza as the Head of the Reformed chiefly managing and bending his utmost force against the Doctrine of the Presence Pola Polia Julia Pietas a City and Colony in Istria mentioned by Strabo and Pliny still called by the same Name being one of the strongest Cities in Istria and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja Seated on a Hill near the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea upon which it has a large Haven twenty eight Miles from Parenzo to the South sixty from Trieste and an hundred from Ancona to the North. Said to have been built by the Colchi Now under the States of Venice but small and not much inhabited it having not above seven or eight hundred Inhabitants The Venetians send a Governour however to it who takes the Title of a Count. It has a small Cittadel In the time of the Roman Empire this City as a Free State dedicated a Statue to Severus the Emperour it has several other noble Remains which speak its Greatness and Antiquity as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us in his Travels pag. 5. Long. 37. 00. Lat. 45. 04. Polan Bollia a River of Stiria Polana Monalus a River in the North of Sicily written in Baudrand Polina Poland Polenia is one of the principal Kingdoms in Europe called by the Natives Poloska by the Germans die Polen by the French Pologne by the Spaniards and Italians Polonia by the English Poland A part of the old Salmatia Europaea and has its
good Harbor on its South side The usual place where the Dutch Fleet rendezvouz in times of War Near it the Illustrious General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle beat the Dutch Fleet July 31. 1653 slew their famous Admiral Van Trump burnt and sunk twenty six of their Men of War with the loss of only two small English Ships and drove the rest into the Texel Which being seen by the People from the Shore prevented the usual Ceremony of a Thanksgiving for being beaten Teyder-Aa Teydera a River of Livonia in Litland which watereth Adzal and Wolmer then falls into the Bay of Livonia Teysterbandt Testerbantum a small County in the Dukedom of Cleves towards the Maes the Wael and the Rhine in the North of Cleves and on the Southern Border of Guelderland which has been united to Cleves seven hundred years Thabor a celebrated Mountain in Galilee in Palestine six Miles from Nazareth to the East near the Plain of Esdrelon and the Valley of Iesreel having the Brook of Endor springing from its foot Josephus gives it the Height of thirty Greek Stadia and the Plain upon the top of it the compass of two thousand five hundred Paces where the Wind blows very to hard and cold in the hottest Seasons Here our Saviour honoured S. Peter James and John with the View of his glorious Transfiguration in memory whereof Helena the Mother of Constantine the Great built upon the place a stately Church with three small Chapppels representing the three Tabernacles in S. Peter's Wish which Chappels now are almost buried under the Ruines of the Church saving one Altar used sometimes for Mass by the Religious of Nazareth Alexander Jannaeus King of Judah who began his Reign one hundred and three years before Christ built a Fortress upon this Mountain which probably continued till the time of our Saviour and was the same with that taken by Composition in the year after Christ 82 by Vespasian when the Church and Chappels were demolished These latter were re-established in 1099 by Godfrey of Bouillon and divided betwixt the Greek Calcyers and the Benedictine Monks under a Bishop a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Jerusalem In 1187 Saladine took the Mountain and ruined its Works In 1253 the Christians retook it and Pope Alexander gave it to the Templars But in 1290 it was finally lost from the Christians to the Sultan of Egypt It stands in a round conical figure with its sides to the West and South full of Shrubs and Greens Thamar Rha the same with Wolgha Thame a Market Town in Oxfordshire upon the Borders of Buckinghamshire which takes its Name from the River Thame one of the Fountains of the Thames joining with the Isis at Dorchester whose Branches almost encompass it and are here covered with a Bridge leading into Buckinghamshire It is the Capital of its hundred and enjoys the Benefit of a Free-School and a Hospital founded by the Lord Williams of Thame Thames Thamesis Tamesis Jamissa the principal River of England Which has this Name from the Thame and Isis two smaller Rivers its Fountains The first of these arises in Buckinghamshire the second in VViltshire The second is far the greater receives the VVindrush and the Evenclods before it arrives at Oxford beneath that City the Charwell a noble Flood and at Dorchester it takes the Thame Then sporting it self with vast turns it watereth VVallingford Reading and Henly dividing Buckinghamshire from Surrey it watereth VVindsor so passeth to Stanes in Middlesex above which it takes in the Colne and watering Hampton-Court Kingston Brentford and Chelsey it gently glides between Westminster and London on the North and Southwark on the South where it is covered by one of the noblest Bridges in the World More to the East it receives the Lea out of Essex being now able to bear vast Ships it hasteth by Graves End into the German Ocean between Essex to the North and Kent to the South Thanet Tanâ—tos Thanatos Athanatos in Solinus a small Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent surrounded on the South by the Sea and on the West by the River Stoure here called the Yenlade about eight Miles long and four broad In this Island the Saxons first landed and also S. Augustine the Monk In 1628 Nicolas Lord Tufton was created Earl of Thanet by Charles I. Richard the fifth of this Family succeeded in 1680. Thaurn Taurus Thaxted a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Dunmow Theaco Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea betwixt Cephalonia Sancta Maura and the Curzolari under the Venetians The Italians call it Val di Compare It reckons about fifteen thousand Inhabitants a great part banished persons from Zante Cephalonia and Corfu It hath a spacious and safe Haven but no City or good Town only some Villages and it pretends to shew the ruins of Penelope's House supposing Vlysses to have been a Native of this Ithaca Thebe Thebae two celebrated Cities in Antiquity in Egypt and Greece That in Egypt received its ruin from Cornelius Gallus Governour of Egypt But the marks of its former Opulence the number of its Inhabitants its Conquests the tribute and imposts it paid to the King and to the Temples remained engraved in Egyptian Characters upon Obelisks in Germanicus's time who visited as Tacitus says the ruins of this City in his Travels It contained one hundred and forty Stadia in Circuit one hundred Gates and according to those Obelisks seven hundred thousand fighting Men. See Diospolis § The other in Bâ—eotia in Greece hath ever pretended to challenge the ancient Cadmus for its Founder about the year of the World 2620 nigh one thousand four hundred years before the coming of Christ During which Interval it was first adorned with the Title of a Kingdom Next changed into a Republick of great Puissance which maintained War against both the Athenians and Lacedaemonians and over the latter gained a signal Victory by the conduct of their General Epaminâ—ndâ—s at the Battel of Leuctra when both hâ— and Cleombrotus General of the Lacedaemonians were slain Philip K. of Macedon Conquered this City and Garrisoned it with Macedoâ—ians whose yoak they regretted till they revol ed upon the death of that King And refusing to submit to his Son Alexander He by â—orce reconquering them entirely â—uined this City saving the single House of the Poet Pindar and divided the Lands amongst his Soldiers â—bout the year of Rome 419. and the CXI Olympaid Cassander the Son of Antipater King of Macedonia twenty years after rebuilt it and his work is parâ—ly standing at this day in the quality of a Village under the Turks but before those desâ—royers of Mankind possess'd it it was the See of an Archbishop See Stives Thebes See Stives Theobalds a Palace Royal of the Kings of England in Hâ—â—fordshire in the Hundred of Hartford not â—ar â—rom Hodsdon on the Lea and less from Waltham Abbey in Essex It is delightfully situated amongst Groves and Springs
Dukedom of the same Name upon the River Clesma between Moscow to the South-West and Novogrod Nisi to the North-East forty five German Miles from either Anciently the Capital of Black Russia and the Seat of the Dukes of Russia Wologda a great strong City which is the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name upon the River Dwina ninety Miles from Jerislow to the North and fifty from Novogrod Nisi to the North West Wolverhampton a Market Town â—in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Seisdon upon a Hill enriched formerly with an Abbey It s Gollegiate Church is annexed to the Deanry of VVindsor Wolwich or Woolwich a Market Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath upon the Thames where it hath a Dock for the Royal Navy of England Womie See Medniky Woodbridge a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Looes upon the River Deben and the side of a Sandy Hill Provided with four or five Docks for building of Ships It is a large and well frequented Town hath a fair Church with Monuments in it and many Ships of Burthen belonging to its Inhabitants The Deben twelve Miles below it falls into the Sea Woodstock a Market Town and Corporation in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Wotton represented in Parliament by two Burgesses It stands pleasantly upon an Ascent near a small River and a large Park enclosed with a VVall. The ancient Royal House called VVoodstock Bower built by King Henry I. Enlarged by Henry II. Honoured with the Birth of Edward the Black Prince and famous for the Death of the fair Rosamond admired by Henry II. in the Labyrinth adjoining stood in this Park till its destruction in the long Civil Wars Worcestershire Vigornia is bounded on the North by Staffordshire on the East by Warwickshire and Oxfordshire on the South by Gloucestershire and on the West by Herefordshire and Shropshire A rich and populous County in the form of a Triangle extending from North to South 32 Miles from North to West 28 in Circumference 220 inclosing 152 Parishes and 11 Market Towns The Air is very gentle and temperate the Soil fruitful and equal in goodness to the best in England Watered by the Severne Stoure Salwarpe Arrow Feck and Avon which all meet in one noble Southern Point of this County at Tewksbury Here are many excellent Salt-Pits in this County The most antient Inhabitants were the Cornavii subdued by the Romans in the Reign of Claudius Cesar After it became a part of the Mercian Kingdom Worcester Branonium Vigornia Brannogenium Brangoniae the Capital City of this County called by the Welsh Caer Vrangon by Ninius Caer Guorcon It is seated on the Eastern Bank of the Severn over which it hath a fair Stone Bridge with a Tower and from it was walled in the form of a Triangle and thought to have been built by the Romans against the Silures In 1041. it was burnt down by Hardy Canute King of Denmark In 1113. burnt the second time by accident The Cathedral Church was begun by Sexwolfe in 680. In which Prince Arthur the eldest Son of Henry VII lies buried in a plain black jet Tomb and King John in a white one This Town suffered much for its Loyalty to Charles I. and Charles II. Especially in 1651 when after the fatal Battel under her Wallâ— Sept. 3. she fell into the Hands of the enraged Tyrant Oliver Cromwell Long. 18. 10. Lat. 52. 32. Boselius was setled as a Bishop here by Etheldred King of the Mercians in 679. The first Earl of Worcester was Vrsus de Abot Created by William the Conqueror in 1087. The second VValeran de Beaumont in 1144. The third Thomas Percy Lord Admiral in 1397. The fourth Richard Beauchamp in 1420. The fifth John Tiptoft Lord Treasurer and Lord Constable in 1449. Succeeded by Edward his Son in 1477. who died in 1485. The seventh Charles Somerset Lord Herbert Natural Son of Henry Beaufort the eighth Duke of Somerset who was beheaded under King Edward IV. Created Earl by Henry VII in 1414. in which Family it now is Henry the 7th in this Line for his great Virtue and Loyalty by Charles II. was created Duke of Beaufort in 1682. Augustine the Monk celebrated a Council in this City as we learn from Bede Worksop a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Bassetlaw and the Forest of Sherwood Noted for excellent Liquorish Worm Warmus a River in the Dukedom of Limburg Worms Worbacia Borbetomagus Borbitomagus Vangionum a City in Germany within the Bounds of the Lower Palatinate which is a Free and Imperial City but not populous It stands upon the VVestern Bank of the Rhine seven German Miles above Mentz and six beneath Spiers An ancient Roman City called Bormetomagus Vangionum It is supposed to have been a Colony of Ments after it became subject to the Romans ruined by Attila King of the Huns and rebuilt by Clovis King of France It was in the beginning of Christianity an Archbishops See but in 729. Pepin King of France took away its Metropolitan and made it only a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ments Henry II Emperour of Germany forced Otho Son of Conrad the Duke of this Country to retire to Brussels so it became a Free City Frederick II. Charles IV. Maximilian I. and Ferdinand I. in their times added to its Privileges There was a Council held here in 1078. in which Gregory VII Pope was deposed for Adultery and Necromancy by the Partizans his Enemies of the Emperour Henry IV. A Famous Diet also in 1521. in which Luther defended his Doctrine before the States of the Empire Long. 30. 03. Lat. 49. 33. This City is still by the Italians called Bormio The French demolished it in 1689. Worotin Vorotinum a City of Moscovy the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name It stands upon the Occa in the Borders of Lithuania sixty six Miles from Moscou to the South Wotton-Basset a Market Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Kingsbridge so called for distinction from Wotton-Vnder-Edge in Gloucester-shire The Capital of its Hundred Wreak a River in Leicestershire Melton-Mowbray stands upon it Wrexham a Market Town in Denbighshire in the Hundred of Bromfield Wrotham a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath. Wucziden Viminiacium Viminacium a Town in the Province of Servia upon the Danube fifteen Miles from Belgrade to the East Wutingen a Town in the Lower Circle of the Rhine in Germany under the Elector of Cologne At which the Duke of Brabant and the People of Cologne formerly fought a famous Battel Wurtzburgh Herbipolis the Capital City of Franconia in Germany and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ments since the year 791 when Bonifacius Archbishop of Ments advanced it to that Dignity It stands upon the Mayne on the North Bank and has a strong Castle on the other side of the River called Marienburgh Also a small University founded together with a large Hospital by one
having been excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII rendred himself to the Pope's Discretion and thereupon received Absolution in the Year 1077. § This is also the name of a County in the Modenese in Italy near Parmesan Canstat a small City in the Dukedom of Wirtemburg upon the River Necker within one Mile of Stuttgard and five of Pfortzhaim to the East Cantabri an antient Valiant People of Spain being those properly of the Provinces of Guipuscoa and Biscay who withstood Augustus in several Rencounters and at last kill'd themselves rather than to submit to Servitude Canterbury Cantuaria Darvernum Dorovernia is the principal City in the County of Kent very antient and without doubt saith Mr. Camden famous in the times of the Roman Empire It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Stour called by the British â—uvwhern from whence it had its antient Names Being the Royal Seat of the Kings of Kent when Augustine the Monk came over to convert them it by that Means became the Metropolitan See of England The Bodies of eight Kings lye interr'd in the Cathedral as likewise the Body of Thomas Beckeâ— the famous Roman-Catholick Saint once Archbishop of this See There has been several Provincial Councils celebrated here The Coronation of King John and Queen Isabel his Wife the Marriages of Henry II. and Edward I. were all performed here Augustine the first Archbishop was consecrated in 568. Dr. William Sancroft the LXXVII in this Succession was consecrated Jan 27. 1677. It lies in Long. 24. 51. Lat. 51. 16. Two Burgesses are elected for the Parliament by the Corporation Canton a Province and City in the East of China suppos'd to be the Cattigara of Ptolemy which tho the least of their Metropolitan Cities is yet beautified with many triumphant Arches large Streets and goodly Bridges over a Navigable River running on the South side of it also fortified with deep Ditches eight Bulwarks and seated in a rich and plentiful Soil The Portugals drive here saith Dr. Heylin a wealthy Trade being permitted in the day time to come into the City but at night excluded and forced to find Lodgings in the Suburbs This City lies in Alvares Samodo's Map about Long. 125. and about 26. Lat. According to others in Long. 170.00 Lat. 24.00 See Quancheu The Switz Cantons See Switzerland Capace or Capaccio Caput Aqueum a City of the Principatus Citerior in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Salerno in the place of Pesti which was ruined by Frederick the Emperor in 1249. though since rebuilt again This City lies 22 Miles from Salerno to the South in Long. 38 52. Lat. 40. 28. Caparra Capara a City of Extremadura in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain which stands in the middle between Emerita now Merida and Placentia Cap-D-Aguer the same with Santa Cruz in Africa Capelan a Mountain in the Kingdom of Pegu beyond the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies A Quarry of Precious Stones of divers Colours is found within it La Capelle a Fortress in the Territory of Tierache within the Province of Picardy towards the Frontiers of Hainault built in the last Age to oppose the Incursions of the Low-Countries about a League from the River Oyse It has been many times taken and retaken Capernaum or Capharnaum the Metropolitan City heretofore of Galilee in the Tribe of Naphtali towards the Borders of Zabulon near the Mouth of Jordan and upon the Coast of the Sea of Tiberias where our Saviour first began to preach S. Matthew was a Publican here when called to be an Apostle Since Solyman reduc'd this City into Ashes it has only been inhabited by a few Moors who ask Money of the Pilgrims that goe to visit the holy Places Capes a River of the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa springing from Mount Atlas and discharging it self into the Mediterranean near a Town call'd Capes where it makes a Gulph of the same Name Caphareus a famous Promontory on the East point of the Isle of Negropont otherwise now call'd Capo del oro and Capo Figera very dangerous to navigate The Grecian Navy seduc'd by Nâ—uplâ—â—s King of Eubaea by a false Light in revenge of the Death of his Son Palimedes by Vlysses being all said to have been shipwrack'd upon these Rocks Capitanata a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which in the more antient times was call'd Apulia Daunia bounded on the North and East with the Adriatick Sea on the West with the County of Molise and on the South with the Principatus Vlterior the Basilicata and the Bariano a very fruitful well watered Country the chief City is Manfredonia The Capitol Capitolium a famous Fortress of Old Rome founded by Tarquinius Prisous in the year of Rome 139. Perfected by Tarquinius Superbus in the year 221. Burnt in the Reign of Vitellius Rebuilt by Vespasian Burnt again by Lightning under Titus and reedified with very great pomp by Domitian who constituted a Quinquennial Celebration of Games which became an Aera by the Name of Agones Capitolini after the manner of the Olympiads Jupiter had a Temple here in his honour whence they denominated him Capitolinus In this place the Christians have built a Church call'd Ara Caeli dedicated to the B. Virgin Mary Capo D' Istria Caput Istriae Aegida the capital City of the Province of Histria in Italy See Cabo d'Istria Capo Cabo cap Cape de Aden Ammonium a Promontory in Arabia Foelix next to Africa in Long. 76. 30. de Alguer Atlantis in Mauritania Tingittana de Bona Speranza of Good Hope Is a famous Promontory upon the most Southern Part of Africa first discovered by Bartholomew Diaz a Portuguese in 1487. in 32 of Southern Lat. 50 of Long. It had this name given it by Emanuel then King of Portugal because he hoped by the doubling it a passage would be open by Sea to the East-Indies as it came to pass to the great enriching of his Kingdom The Hollanders near this Cape have a settlement of about 100 Houses with a strong Fort. The Natives are divided into several distinct Nations of Cornwall or the Lands End the most Western Point of England di Corso a Promontory in Corsica di Faro Pelorum the most Northern Cape of Sicily of Farewel in Greenland di Formoso in Guinea de Sierra Liona Hesperium Cornu supposed to be the most Western Point of Africa known to the Antients 70 Spanish Leagues beyond the most Southern Mouth of the River Niger de Verde the most Western Point of Africa in the Division of Nigritia South to the Mouth of the River Senega in 14 deg of Lat. There is an innumerable number of other Capes which the Brevity of this Work will not admit The Islands of Capo de Verde are a knot of small Islands by some taken for the Hesperides by some for the Gorgades of the Antients lying demicircularly with the Points to the Sea 150 Leagues off of Cape Verde under the Portuguese but
from Roan two from Vernon and one from the River Seyne It stands upon a little Hill in so agreeable a Place that the former Kings of France as Francis I. and Charles IX have delighted to make some stay at it Gainsborongh a large well built Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Division of Lindsey and Hundred of Gartree upon the River Trent It is memorable for the Death of King Swaine or Sweno the Dane here by an unknown Hand stabbed It drives a considerable Trade and gives the Title of Earl to the Family of the Noels Gaino Gongo Gannum a City of Thrace upon the Propontis three German Miles from Rudisto to the South and twelve from Gallipoli to the North about nineteen South from Constantinople by Sea Gaiola Euploea a small Island upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro between Naples and Puteoli Gaivo Gagecome a River of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia There is also a Town of the same Name Galata Gallita Calathe Galata an Island upon the Coast of Numidia almost opposite to the Bay of the same Name It lies over against Sardinia West of Tunis East of Algier or Argiers West of Cape Negro and is about ten Miles in Circumference Galata or Galatta Chrysoceras Cornu Byzantii a noble Suburb on the North of Constantinople towards the Black Sea which is strongly fortified to the North. This was first if not built yet beautified by the Genouese Mr. Wheeler our Country-man thus describes it Galata is situate saith he upon the South side of a considerable steep Hill setting out into a Promontory on the North side of the Harbour and comprehending the Suburbs on the East West and North sides of it it may be counted a good large City and very populous yet the Circumference of the Wall takes up no great space of ground but the Houses are thick and the Streets narrow and the whole very populous On the top of the Hill is a round spired Tower covered with Lead and on the Walls are some Arms and modern Inscriptions which belonged to the Genoese who before the taking of Constantinople were Masters of this Place It is more inhabited by Christians and Jews than by Turks Here is the Scale of the Merchants who have a good Kan covered with Lead for the Sale of their Woollen Cloaths and other Merchandize There are five Religious Houses of the Latin Christians established in this Place Otherwise called Pera See Pera. Galati Galata once a City now a Village in Sicily in the Valley of Demona twenty Miles from Patti South-West thirty five from Catania North-West Galatia is a Province of the Lesser Asia called by the ancient Geographers Gallo-Graecia from the Galls which are stiled Galatae by the Grecians who after the burning of Rome and laying Italy desolate went thither and possessed it making a mixture with the Grecians and the South Part of it was nam'd Galatia Salutaris This Province is bounded on the North by Paphlagonia sometimes taken for a Part of it on the East by Cappadocia on the South by Pisidia and Liaconia on the West by Phrygia Magna Bithynia and Asia properly so taken The Turks call this Province now Chiangare under whom it is The principal Cities are Ancyra which is even now in a more flourishing State than any of the rest and Pessinus This Colony of the Galls is said to have settled here under Brennus A. M. 3671. They were subdued by the Romans under Cn. Manlius Vulso in the year of the World 3760. 187 years before the Birth of our Saviour but not made a Roman Province till the year 3925. 23 years before Christ They were converted to Christianity by S. Paul who honoured them with an Epistle They did not fall into the Hands of the Mahometans till 1524. when Solyman the Magnificent took Alsbeg Prince of the Mountains of Armenia by Treachery and possessed himself of Cappadocia Armenia and Galatia Galaure Galabar a small River in the Dauphinate which falls into the Rhosne at S. Valerie six Miles beneath Vienne to the South Galazo Galesus Eurotas is a River which ariseth from the Appennine in the Province of Hydruntum La Terra di Otranto near Oria and running West falls into the Bay of Taranto five Miles South of Taranto but not taken notice of in our later Maps Gale a strong Town and Port in the Island of Zeilan in the East-Indies which the Hollanders have ravished from the Portuguese in whosetime it was a flourishing Place frequented by abundance of Vessels from Japan China the Islands of the Sound Malaca Bengala and other Eastern Parts though the Rocks about the Port render it very dangerous to enter without Pilots The Portuguese before they quitted it and the Siege together destroyed most of the Principal Buildings which are yet unbuilt Galera Gallera Gallora a Village and a River near Rome La Galevisse Ager Valicassi a Region upon the Marne a River of France Galfanacar Gichehis a Town in Mauritania Galgala See Meroe § Also a Village in Palestine in the Tribe of Benjamin on this side the River Jordan three Leagues from Jericho Now inhabited by Arabians and call'd Galgal by them A Place heretofore sanctified by a Number of admirable Actions and defam'd again by as many Idolatries S. Jerom in Ose The Circumcision of all that had been born in the Wilderness Joshua ordered to be performed here Galibes a Nation of Indians in Guiana along the River Courbo towards the North Sea in America bounded by the Rivers Suriname and Marauvini to the West and the River and Island of Cayenne to the East Other Maps place them in New Andalusia to the North of the River Orenoque Galicia Gallaecia is a Province of Spain called by the Natives Galizia by the Portuguese Galiza by the French Galice and by the Italians Galicia of a large Extent about fifty Leagues long and forty broad and once a Kingdom but now a Part of the Kingdom of Leon Bounded on the North and West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Portugal but parted from it by the River Douero and on the East by Asturia and the Kingdom of Leon. Compostella is the Capital of this Province Orensi Auria Baiona Corufia Lugo Mondoefiedo and Tuy are the other Cities and principal Places The Groyne or Coronna is the most famous of its Ports besides which it has forty others This Province is Mountainous enclined to Barrenness destitute of Water but abounding with Mines of Silver Gold Iron and well stored with Wood and good Wines it hath also great plenty of Cattle Game and excellent Horses The Iron they dig out of these Mountains is thought the best in the World especially for Edge-Tools nor are their Seas less stored with Fish This Country was never Conquered by the Moors though they at times made some Progress into it and after in 985. they had repelled Almanassor with the Loss of 70000 of his Moors they were never in any danger of Conquest from that
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
those who love them too well to part with them It surrendred it self to Charles V. in 1529 who granted it the year following to Alexander de Medices his Son in Law with the Title of a Dukedom under which Family it still is enlarged in Bounds but perhaps diminished in Wealth and People Besides the Council I mention there have been many other held here which for brevity I must omit as also the vast number of excellent Men here born the noble Library call'd Bibliotheca Laurentiana which is one of the best in the whole World for Manuscripts the excellent Pieces of Architecture Sculpture and Painting of which sort this City shews some Pieces drawn by John Cimabac who about 1200 began to revive the Art of Painting in Italy before which this Art was only exercised by Greeks and many other Rarities plentifully enough here to be found It has three Citadels built by its Dukes at several times They observe that the politeness of the Italian Tongue shines in its greatest perfection here tho not so well pronounced as by the Romans whence that Country Proverb La lingua Toscana in bocca Romana The praise whereof is in great part to be ascrib'd to the famous Academy della Crusca Authors of the Italian Vocabulary established in this City Long. 34. 03. Lat. 43. 15. Florensac a Town in Provence seated on a River nine Miles from Narbonne to the North-East and six from Frontignan to the West Flores or Isla de Flores one of the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portuguese Florida a very large and fruitful Country in the North America so called because the Spaniards discovered it on Palm Sunday which in their Language they call Parcua de Flores in 1512. The English had before this discovered it Sebastian Cabot sent by Henry VII in 1479 to find a way to the East-Indies by the West being the very first European that landed here But the Spaniards went further searched throughly and took Possession of it for the King of Spain however the English have renewed their old Claim and taken Possession of the more Northern Part by the name of Pensilvania of which I shall speak in due time The Inhabitants call Florida Jaquasa it lies parallel with Castile in Spain and said to be of the same temper both for Air and Soil but abundantly more fruitful Bounded on the North-East with Virginia on the East with Mar del Nort on the South and some part of the West with the Bay of Mexico and on the rest of the West with New Gallicia and some Countries not yet discovered It extends from the River of Palms 25 degr of Lat. to Rio de Secco in Long. 34. which evidently shews that it is a large Country The Spaniards have only two Castles in the Southern Parts S. Matthew and S. Augustin It lies in breadth where it is narrowest thirty Miles and in other parts an hundred towards the North beyond Florida is Canada The whole Country is flat abounds with Rivers which make it over-moist but towards the Sea it is more sandy In 1520 and 1524 Lucas Vsquez invaded it to find Men to work in the Mines In 1528 Pamphilus Narviesius travelled over it In 1528 Ferdinandus Soto went thither after Peru was conquered with three hundred Horse and four hundred Foot to look for Gold but finding none returned empty and discontented bestowing only the Name of Florida upon the Country In 1549 Charles V. sent some Priests thither to Convert the Natives but the Natives destroyed them Under Charles IX of France in 1562 Charles Ribald sailed thither made a League with the Inhabitants and built Charles Fort setling a French Colony And in 1564. Renatus Laudonerius was kindly treated by the Natives which the Spaniards observing and fearing they surprised the French and hanged not only the meaner sort but many Gentlemen too In 1576. Dominic Gurges a Gascoign manned out a Ship at his own cost and charge and retook Charles Fort repaying the Spaniards in their own kind The Spaniards who were then much in the favour of the French had like to have been too hard for him at his return The Soil is very fruitful yields plenty of Sassafras and may have rich Mines but the Inhabitants take no pains to find them and not much to Till the Earth which yields them two Crops of Maze in each year one in March and another in June this is the natural bread of the Country by which and Hunting only the Natives subsist Who are of Olive Complexions great of Stature go Naked except what they are more concerned to hide naturally lovers of War out of a revengeful and unquiet Temper Flumica Crimisa a River of Calabria Citerior which falls into the Bay of Taranto near Capo dell ' Alice four Miles from the Promontory of Santa Maria di Leuca which is the most South-Eastern Cape of Italy and Europe to the West The Cape the Village dell ' lo Zeiro and il Capo dell ' Alice were by the ancient Geographers called Crimisa as well as the River though they have now three several names Flushing Vlissinga Flissinga is a Maritime Town in the Province of Zeeland in the Low Countries seated on the Mouth of the Scheld in the Isle of Walcheren one League from Middleburgh upon the most Southern point of that Island It has a very convenient Haven and the intire Command of the Scheld without whose License no Ship can pass up the River to Antwerp One of the first Towns the Hollander took by surprize from the Spaniards in 1572. by the diligence of Vorst a Seaman and one Monsieur de Berland the Bailiff thereof Then a mean place of no great strength or consideration but since fortified by the Hollanders to the utmost degree of human Art This the Briel and Fort of Ramekins were in 1585. put into the hands of Queen Elizabeth as Cautionary Towns for the repayment of such Monies as she should expend in their Protection against the Spaniards and the famous Sir Philip Sidney was made by her the first Governor of it But in 1616. King James I. resigned all again into the hands of the Hollanders The Prince of Orange is the Proprietor of this Town It is the key of the Sea of the Low Countries See Cadiz § In the Island of Tabago in the Southern America the Hollanders built a Fortress and call'd it New Flushing which the French took and rased in 1677. Fluvian Clodianus a River of Catalonia commonly called El Llobregat it ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills near Junquera in the borders of France and Rousillon and falls into the Mediterranean Sea near Empures or Poret almost seven Miles from Perpignan to the North and two from Narbonne to the South Fochien or Fokien a Province in China bounded on the North by Chekiam on the West by Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the East by the Chinian Ocean between 24. and 27. deg of Latitude It is
the Branches of the Nâ—le forty Miles from Grand-Cairo to the South-East towards Alexandria Furnes or Wuerne Furnae a City of Flanders Gallicant not great but well built and about a Mile from the Shoars of the Ocean it has belonging to it a large Jurisdiction with the Title of a â—iscounty a Collegiate Church and an Abbey It was three times taken by the French and at last by the Treaty of Aquisgrane given up to them two Miles from Newport and three from Dunkirk between which last and this place the Spaniards were defeated by the English and French in 1658. Furstemberg a Town and Principality in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany giving Name to an Illustrious House of which the Cardinal of Furstemberg mention'd under the Word Bonne is a Member Fuynen Hemod â—n one of the Orcades Fuynen Fionia an Island belonging to Denmark in the Baltick Sea between Jutland to the West and Zeeland to the East from both which it is separated only by two narrow Channels the first called Middlefart or Middle Passage the second Die Belt Ottonia Odensee is the Capital of this Island Newburgh or Nuborg on the East is well fortified and has a good Haven This Island is ten German Miles in Length from West to East and eight from North to South in breadth Now under the King of Denmark but it suffered very much of late years from the Swedes who in 1658. took and plundered it In 1659. the Danes recovered the possession of it though at the same time they lost much Cannon and Shipping which they could never retake and the Inhabitants were as much improverished by this Accident It is a fruitful pleasant well seated Island for the Climate it is in Fynland See Finland G A. GAbaca Thospites a vast Lake in Armenia in the Consines of Mesopotamia made by the River Tigris Le Gabardan See Le Gave Gabii a People of the Antient Latium near Neighbours to the Romans in a Town of their own Name They became first subjected under the Dominion of Rome in the Reign of Tarquinius Priscus by a Stratagem of a Son of his pretending Flight hither from the ill Usages of his Father and then cutting off the Principal Men amongst them and betraying the rest to the Romans Gabin Gabinium a Town of Poland between VValdislaw to the North and VVarshaw to the South three Polish Miles from Ploczko to the West in the Palatinate of Rava upon the River Bzura Gad one of the Tribes of Israel which had their Portion assigned them by Moses beyond Jordan whose Borders to the North were the half Tribe of Manasseh to the East Arabia to the South the Tribe of Reuben and to the West the River Jordan by which they were separated from the rest of the Tribe of Manasseh and Ephraim This Country was in the Roman times called Ituraea and now by the Turks Beuikemane It is almost equally divided by the River Scheriat Mandour as it is now called as Michael Nau a Jesuit writes who surveyed very exactly these Parts This Country is now under the Turks Gadara Gadaris a Town belonging to the half Tribe of Manasseh beyond Jordan afterwards to the Region of Trachonitis seated upon a Hill by the River Gadara which falls into the Lake of Genesareth sometimes called the Lake of Gadara too as Strabo saith It is six Miles from Sychopolis to the East and the same from Tiberias and is frequently mentioned in the New Testament Heretofore thought to be invincible It is certain Alexander Janaeus King of the Jews did not take it under a Siege of ten Months and then more by Famine than Force and in Revenge ruined it but it recovered again Pompey the Great in Favour to Demetrius one of his Freemen who was a Native of this City bestowed great Privileges upon it Philodemus the Epicurean Meleager and Menippus that pleasant Philosopher also Theodorus the Orator were all of them Natives of this Country In the Revolt of the Jews under Nero this City hâ—â— its Share and was taken by Vespasian in the year of Christ 66. upon which the Gadarens submitted the year following S. Jerom says the Baths of Gadara were in great Esteem in his Time Gademes Gademessa a Territory in Africa in Biledulgeridia between the Desarts of Fez to the East and Gurgala to the West which has a City or great Town of the same Name near the Head of the River Caspi Capes And also a Desart Gadura Psycus a River of Rhodes Gaetulia a large Region of Africa according to the ancient Divisions thereof now thrown into a part of Bileduigerid and a part of Zaara See Gesula The Roman Arms reached as far in Africa as to this distant Province Gago Gagum a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa which has a City of the same Name upon a River falling into the Niger below Tocrut Great but thinly inhabited This Kingdom lies between the Niger to the North and Guinea to the South rich in Mines of Gold according to some Relations possessed also by a Prince who is Sovereign of the Kingdom of Tombuti Gajazzo Calathia Galathia a City of Compania in Italy mentioned by Cicero as a Colony it belongs now to the Kingdom of Naples and is in the Terra di Lavoro seated on an Hill near the River Volturno Vulturnus almost over against Caserta at the Distance of four Miles to the North and eight from Capua to the East And although a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua yet it is in a declining Condition and very mean Gajetta Gaeta Cajeta a City in the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which is well fortified seated at the Foot of an Hill in a Peninsula made by the Sea It has two Castles a large Haven and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Capua but now exempted Baronius tells us the Bishopricks of Mola and Mintorni are united with this See The City of Formium lies not far from it buried now in Ruines by the Saracens to which the City of Gajetta succeeded in the Bishoprick It lies upon the Tyrrhenian Sea four Miles from Naples fifty five from Rome and fourteen from the Pope's Dominions It has heretofore been subject to great Variety of Fortunes but has now a strong Spanish Garrison to secure it This was the Birth Place of Pope Gelasius II. who was therefore called Cajetanus It is mention'd by Virgil Aen. 7. The Haven was repaired by Antoninus Pius Spart Ferdinando King of Arragon fortified the Castle Before this it was Sacked by the French in 1494. who put most of the Inhabitants to the Sword and returned it the year after Charles of Bourbon Constable of France kill'd at the Siege of Rome in 1527. lies buried in the Cathedral But it is most famous for its learned Cardinal Thomas de Via Cajetanus who died in 1534. and is frequently mentioned in the Story of Henry VIII Gaillon a Castle belonging to the Archbishops of Roan in Normandy seven Leagues