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death_n	henry_n	king_n	marry_v	5,109	5	9.3955	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50375	An epitomy of English history wherein arbitrary government is display'd to the life, in the illegal transactions of the late times under the tyrannick usurpation of Oliver Cromwell; being a paralell to the four years reign of the late King James, whose government was popery, slavery, and arbitrary power, but now happily delivered by the instrumental means of King William & Queen Mary. Illustrated with copper plates. By Tho. May Esq; a late Member of Parliament.; Arbitrary government displayed to the life.	May, Thomas, ca. 1645-1718.	1690 (1690)	Wing M1416E; ESTC R202900	143,325	210

King perswaded returns to St. Johnstons where the Committee of Estates being somewhat more Compliant thank Cromwell for that many of the Kings friends were admitted to him This made many dissatisfied Ministers withdraw themselves into the West as Guthery Gelaspy Rutherford and others where they put forth a Remonstrance against the Proceedings of the Assembly in the Admission of Malignants to Power and Employment and with these Ker Stranghan Laird Warreston Sr. John Cheisley Sr. James Stewart and others joyn in Confederacy These Broils made well for Cromwell who found small Opposition He took Ken Prisoner and Edenborow Castle was surrendred to him on the 24 th of December 1650. This very much troubled the Scots for after that Cromwell succeeded so well that he took in all the Forts on this side of Sterling In January the Scots Crown the King at Scoon the accustomed place for the Coronation of the Kings of Scotland which is not far from St. Johnstons with great Pomp and Solemnity In the mean time the Junto in England still sat and Voted Liberty of Conscience to all which was a most distasteful thing to the Presbyterians Also they fell to levying of Souldiers giving the Command to Harrison now made Major General a f●fth-Monarchy man most of these men being raised by those sort of men and the other Sectaries with which this Army swarmed and the Presbyterian Interest daily declined every where being called a most horrid Tyranny and worse than the Prelacy They also about this time formally receive Embassadors from Portugal and Spain who for Interest acknowledge their Power All they did besides was the constant Persecution of the Royal Party after their Tyrannical manner Collonel Eusebius Andrews a constant Loyalist and firm to the interest of his King being by Profession a Councellor of Grays-Inn having been underhand Contriving some Insurrection in the behalf of the King was betray'd by some of his Confederates and taken at Gravesend and after sixteen Weeks being Prisoner in the Tower and several times examined he was brought to his Tryal before their bloody High Court of Justice Bradshaw sitting as President Where he admirably pleaded his Cause but the Attorney General Prideaux over-ruled all and told him the Court was not to take notice of his Law Cases but of his Confession and tho he had Acted no Treason yet he had an Affection for Treason and therefore deserved Death An excellent Mark of the Liberty of the Subject under Usurpers And upon this learned distinction the Bloody Court proceeded to Sentence against him that he should be Beheaded Thus the Will of Usurpers is become Law This Heroick Gentleman suffered accordingly on the 22 d. of August 1650 on Tower-Hill where he dyed with much Constancy Magnanimity and Christianity In October following one Benson involved in the same Design with Collonel Andrews was tryed and Condemned by the aforesaid Tyrannical Court and on the 7 th was Executed being Hanged for his Loyalty At the same time was an Insurrection in Northfolk which being suppressed many suffered for the same in several places In March following the Grandees at W●stminster by the same Arbitrary Power after the Turkish Precedent put to Death the Loyal Sr. Henry Hide before the Exchange It was Crime enough that he was a Royalist and Brother to the afterwards Earl of Clarendon then with the King But his pretended Crime was That he had been an Agent from the King after the Death of his Royal Father to the grand Signior He was bred a Merchant and had a repute amongst the Turkish Company and was by them made their Consul at Morea and this Gentleman the King sent to the Port in order to some private concerns and not for the Confiscation of the Merchants Estates as the people were made to believe but he being there the Visiere was privately tampered with who betray'd him and sent him to England a Prisoner in the Ships thence bound for Smi●na in one of which he was brought to London and Committed to the Tower convented before the aforesaid Court by whose Power he was Condemned and Beheaded as aforesaid on the 4 th of March 1650. And now their Hands were in all went to Pot that came in their way the April following Captain Brown Bushell was the next Criminal they Murthered for his Loyalty he had long lain under restraint in the Tower and almost starved for want of Sustinance and at last being put into their Bloody Roll of such as were to be Tryed he was called to their Bar and Condemned But his Wife solicited very hard for a Reprieve which at last hey promised her with which joyful News she repaired to her Husband Comforting themselves together till four a Clock in the Afternoon but had no sooner left him with those flattering Hopes but the Warrant came for his present Execution they finding it seems that he was too well beloved by the Seamen and wree in Fear of him and so about six of the Clock at Night they put him to Death on the Ground under the Scaffold on Tower-Hill which he suffered with much Resolution In the mean time Cromwell was very watchful and Diligent and endeavoured all he could tho not with any success to engage the Scots Army which was drawn up at Sterling where the King was with them But the King having a Design to pass into England waved engaging with as much Care as the other flush'd with Victory and Success sought it who was come within sight of the Scotch Army In Lancashire several expected his coming and were ready to rise upon his approach tho disappointed by the Rumps Vigilancy Cromwell for want of Provisions was forced to remove and attempted to get over to Fife side It was about this time that several rude fits of an Ague shook him so shrewdly that there was an equal engagement of Hopes and Fears on the side of either party of his marching into another world Doctor Write and Dr. Bates two eminent Physicians being sent from London to administer Physick to him being brought very low But at last by the help of these Doctors who had the charge of him by the Junto's order he recovered to the sorrow of the Royal Party At last the English under Collonel Overton with about fifteen or sixteen thousand Foot and four Troop● of Horse with much difficulty forced their Landing Cromwell drawing up close to the Scots at the same time with all his Forces with an intention to fall upon their Rere if they should attempt to beat them out of Fife Yet the Scots sent four thousand Horse and Foot under Sir John Brown which Cromwell having notice of sent over Lambert and Okey with two Regiments of Horse and Foot and engaging with him defeated him took him with many others prisoners having slain about two thousand of the Scots This gave the English firm footing in Fife and they easily took in several places on that side the Frith And now the King was necessitated to

old Trade of Debauchery always fighting and in Quarrels tho with Pedlars Tinkers and such like Fellows skillful in handling the Quarter-Staff so that none could over-match him This kind of life he led till he had spent his Patrimony and almost ruined his Mother hated by the Country for his many Villanies committed especially by his Uncle and God-father Sr. Oliver who could not endure to have him named At last beginning to perceive his ruin he feigned a Conversion went to Church among the orthodox Divines and so far insinuated himself with them that they deal with his Mothers Uncle Sr. Robert Stewart a Gentleman of a Competent Estate in the Country to take him into Favour and to declare him his Heir and who dying soon after left him an Estate of five hundred pound a year which quickly mouldred away he having left of it not above forty or fifty Pounds a year He then falls in with the Non-conformist Ministers entertains them at his House has Lectures and exercises himself in Preaching and Praying about which time he marries the Daughter of Sr. James Boucher her name Elizabeth and Kins-woman to Mr. Hambden of Buckinghamshire and turns Farmer for five years with ill success but still continuing his Preaching and Praying was so much follow'd by the Faction that they by a wile got him to be chosen a Burgess for Cambridge in the Parliament of 1640. when he was at his last Gasp and thinking to have Transplanted himself to New England and raised Mony for that purpose which enabled him to stand a Candidate for Parliament man And now joyning with Hambden Pym and the rest of them he began to blow up the Coals of Sedition and to be noted amongst them tutored by them till he grew quickly able to out-Wit them in their own Pernicious designs But now having spent the utmost farthing of his Estate and run in Debt he was priviledged from Arrests by being a Member of Parliament and now he betakes him into the Army where he was a Captain under Essex and where he became so Active and busie that he soon advanc'd himself to be Lieutenant General to the Earl of Manchester I crave Pardon of the Reader for this Digression for I intend not to write his Life but what I have related may let you see what this great Man was ab origine and therefore I shall say no more of his Actions in the Army they being sufficiently known in Story and how gradually he came to his Command of General in the Army part of which as far as came within my Province that I have undertook appears by the aforegoing Discourse whereby it is plainly manifested by what Methods he attained his Greatness and Usurpation I could say no less of this their Ring-Leader who deserves a more particular Character being so Notorious throughout Christendom and Famous for his Actions and Usurpation I shall not be so prolix in the rest but only name them to you They say his Family descended from a branch of that Cromwell in Henry the 8 th dayes who ruined the Abbies and was fatal to the Popish Clergy as this was to the Protestant Episcopacy and that the Lineal descent was from one Williams of Glamorgan-shire who marrying the Daughter of that Cromwell took on him the Name and transfer'd it to his Posterity but the direct Line of that Cromwell is continued in the Lord Cromwell and Earl of Arglass in Ireland This our Oliver was a man as you have found by what I have related of him of many Vices of deep Dissimulation and Hypocrisie and tho no great Schollar of great improved Parts of a strong robust Constitution and naturally Martial of deep reach and a great Politician after he had Conversed with Ireton his Son-in-Law who taught him his Art He had some Spice of Generosity in him which he shewed on some Occasions whether it was in his Nature or Designedly is to be doubted But for his Courage and Resolution and skill in Martial Discipline that is not to be questioned and tho I cannot think he really embraced any Religion as his particular Judgment yet he embraced all that he found subservient to his Ends as may be perceived by his Actings and Intreagues with the Presbyterians and Independants and all the other Sectaries which were all alike to him and no doubt Episcopacy it self would have been as pleasing to his Conscience could he have Established his Usurpation by it It was not therefore his Love of Vertue or Religion that made him thrust out all Vice from his Army but that he knew it would naturally ruin it and that a strict Discipline and the Face of some Religion would preserve it so that he never permitted among his Souldiers Swearing Drunkenness Profaneness Murther Rapine or Uncleanness but punishing them Severely his Camp was like a well regulated Common-wealth and had he not been a Rebel and employed his Parts to so wicked an end as the Destruction of his King and Country for the setting up himself he might have passed among the Worthies of this Nation and lawfully have become eminent in his Generation He had two Sons Richard and Henry besides one that dyed young and four Daughters one married to Ireton afterwards to Fleetwood one to the Lord Fawkenbridge one to Mr. Cleypool which he much lov'd and was his second Daughter and one to the Lord of Warwicks Grand-child Mr. Rich which was his youngest Cromwell as well as the rest had a share in the Spoil before he came to grasp all into the Paws of his Protector-ship to which we have brought him but we now consider him as a Rumper and by an Ordinance of that Parliament was conferred on him out of the Marquess of Worcester's Estate 2500. pounds a year a good Competency tho some say the said Lands so settled upon him at their improved Vallue were worth to him five Thousand if not six Thousand pounds a year besides four or five pound a day coming in as Lieutenant General and Collonel of Horse in the Army Ireton the Scribe as some called him being excellent at drawing Declarations Petitions and such like things to serve his politick Ends was a man of a deep Reach of much Dispatch of very dexterous and able Parts he was Cromwell's right Hand and was a great Contriver of his greatest Designs and Stratagems He was a Common-wealth's man of the truest Stamp and it is thought had he lived Cromwell had not assumed that Power to himself which he had helpt him to mount to by destroying the Government which Advantage Cromwell after his death laid hold on He married Cromwell's eldest Daughter and tho poor before the Wars liv'd very splendidly kept his rich Coach gilt that cost two hundred pounds and four gallant Horses He lick'd his Fingers with the rest and had he liv'd no doubt had got more he died at Limrick in Ireland of the Plague being Deputy there and was brought over into England and by the Junto buried

foundation and that the consequence had been confusion if he had not done it That there were no hereditary Lords or Kings setled the power consisting in the two Houses and himself and that God would judge between them and him God was his witness that there was a seeking of a new settlement in the Army that he spake not to those Gentlemen meaning his Lords or what they would call them but to them the Commons that advised him to that place yet that instead of owning him some of them must have they did not know what And that they were running the Nation into confusion again by their intention of devising a Commonwealth that some of the people might be the Men that might rule all and that those things were not according to God and according to Truth pretend what they would it was a playing a game for the King of Scots if he mought call him so and therefore he thought himself bound before God to doe what he meant to prevent it God was his witness he told them what was true the King of Scots had an Army at the water-side ready to be Shipt for England and that he had the knowledge of it from an eye-witness That they had not only been endeavouring to pervert the Army to draw them to a Commonwealth but some of them while sitting had been listing of persons by Commission from Charles Stuart to joyn with any insurrection that should be made that if this was the end of their sitting and that if these were their carriages concluding he thought it high time to put an end to their sitting and therefore by the living God he declared to them that he did Dissolve that Parliament To which many of the Commons cry'd out Amen And thus ended this Parliament crossing and vexing Oliver to the heart for he expected more supplies of Money Oliver having thus dismist this Parliament and rid himself of that fear begins to fortifie himself against the Royalists who had indeed formed a new Plot for the bringing in their King but were betray'd by Willis and one Corcar a Minister of Sussex who had been long employed by Cromwell for that purpose The Royalists were glad the Parliament was dissolved for they feared a Commonwealth much more than Cromwell not that he was less Tyrannical or had used them more favourably but for that the other sort of Government had rendred it self formidable and was in danger to have been more permanent than Oliver's Kingly Protectorship could for they believed as they well might that King Oliver would never be long endured by the people whose eyes must needs be opened and see that he was got into the Throne and exercised the same power and far more than the Kings of England ever did and whom they had flung out only to make way for a Tyrant and that they would never suffer a man of their own quality and rank thus to play the King amongst them and to be their Lord without endeavouring to fling him out Besides they found Lambert and the Army so much disgusted that they would rather have ventur'd all than not to have seen the downfall of Cromwell so that the Royalists thought all things to be favourable to their design But Cromwell having timely notice of all things by his Agents among them he takes care to prevent them and sending to his right hand Tichbourn Lord Mayor causes him to double the City-Guards and to make great changes in the Militia turning out all he suspected and presently seizes on Sir William Compton the Earl of Northampton's Brother Mr. Russel the Earl of Bedford's Brother Sir William Clayton and many more The Marquess of Ormond who on the design had lain hid for some time in London hardly escapes his hands Also he seizes on Mr. Mordant the Earl of Peterborough's Brother Mr. Manley Mr. Baron Mr. Stapely Mr. Mansel Mr. Woodcock Mr. Carent Mr. Jackson and one Mallory who was thought to be a decoy to the rest being pardoned after Condemnation And now to give more terror to the Royalists Cromwell resolves again to new dye his hands in Blood by the old Arbitrary and Tyrannical way Up goes the High Court of Justice and its bloody President Lisle who on the 25 th of May 1658 sat Cromwell had pickt out two Eminent Men to begin with one Lay-man Sir Henry Slingsby imprisoned ever since the West-Rising and one Clergy-man the Reverend Dr. Hewet Sir Henry Slingsby was accused though falsly to have endeavoured to betray Hull whilst a Prisoner there and for holding Correspondence with Charles Stuart for which he was Condemned for a Traytor and sentenced to be be-headed which Death he suffer'd on Tower-hill on the 8 th of June following though great application to save his life had been made to Cromwell by his Nephew and Cromwell's Son-in-law the Lord Faulconbridge but the Tyrant was inexorable having before-hand with Thurlo resolved on the Death of these two men The next was Dr. Hewet who was accused before the same Court for Conspiring against the Government and holding intelligence with the King But the Doctor Demurred to the Jurisdiction of the Court citing divers Law-Cases and giving many Reasons against their authority desiring them to evince to him the legality of their Court and he would plead to his charge But this they would not nor were able to doe and whilst he disputed with them they took the advantage of demanding his Plea three times after which though he then desired it seeing they would record him a Mute they would not admit for being designed for slaughter had they admitted him to plead he would have escaped them for want of Witnesses which it seems failed them at that time The Doctor had an Eloquent Tongue was of great esteem and abilities and Preached long at St. Gregory's where he sometimes could not forbear to deplore the misery of the Kingdom so that Cromwell had a particular desire to rid him out of the way as a most dangerous man and took this occasion to doe it upbraiding the Doctor with very bitter and unbecoming language when he was brought before him to be examined However though he was Condemned as a Mute yet he had the favour to be beheaded and suffer'd the same day with Sir Henry Slingsby where he prayed almost an hour with great zeal and fervour of spirit having his head severed from his body he dyed with much Christian Magnanimity The next that came to his Tryal was Mr. Mordant who at first denied the Jurisdiction of the Court but was by his friends at last perswaded to plead and was quitted by one voice only for very fortunately Col. Pride being taken with a fit of the Stone went off the Bench to the saving his life Then Mr. Woodcock and Sir Humphrey Bennet were tryed and acquitted Mallory confest was condemn'd but not executed Then Mr. Carent was try'd and acquitted Mr. Henry Frier was condemned by them but when going to be executed in

Smithfield he was reprieved the like hapned to John Summer who was condemned to dye in Bishopsgate-street and Oliver Allen in Gracechurch-street who had their Reprieves brought them Baron Manly Mansel with one Seymour and Carlton all imprison'd on the same account made their escape but were arraigned though absent and condemned But Edward Ashton John Bettely and Edward Stacy were also tryed before this Court for the same Crime of raising War and seeking the Death of Cromwell where all three were Condemned with little or no proofs against them Col. Ashton was a known Cavalier and a Prisoner for Debt in Newgate but being permitted by favour to go abroad fell into the company of one of Cromwell's Trepanners who went stroling about for prey who informs the Secretary of dangerous words spoken by this Ashton for which he was tryed and condemned though he denied them at his Death and was hang'd drawn and quarter'd in Tower-street the Tyrant making all parts of the City his Shambles of humane flesh for the greater terror this was his bloody policy Mr. Bettely was in like manner betray'd and falsly accused by these Ruffians the Emissaries of Cromwell and Thurlo condemned upon their Oaths though he protested his Innocency and was executed in the midst of Cheapside being hang'd drawn and quarter'd After he had been a long time dead as they thought on a sudden he lift up his hands and pulling off his Cap looked upon them staring with his eyes to all their amazements till the Executioner dispatch'd him These suffer'd on the 2 d of July 1658. and two dayes after Mr. Stacy was only hang'd Many more who were imprisoned and designed to death escaped by Oliver's Death which was not very long after He was no sooner rid of the fear of this Plot by these Executions but he was again troubled by Lambert's Cabal who had inveigled both Fleetwood and Desborow Cromwell's near relations with their Commonwealth Principles though Lambert intended only the setting up of himself in Cromwell's stead But Cromwell now dallies no longer with them but takes away Lambert's Commission and lays him aside and disposes his Regiments to others whom he could better trust and sends into the Army several Spies and Eves-droppers to let him know the temper and behaviour of the Officers and of their inclinations whereby he might the better reform them This bloody Tyrant becoming Sanguinary as all other Tyrants doe grows very fearfull and suspicious and began to dread every strange face that came near him which he would fix his eyes upon and intentively view for fear of an assassination for that Book of Killing no Murther still ran dreadfully in his mind and made him to take all the care he could of himself oftentimes shifting his Lodgings to which he passed by twenty several locks and usually had four or five ways out of them He seldom went and came the same way between White-Hall and Hampton-Court and always by private and by-ways and in a great hurry his Guards before and behind still on the Gallop and his Coach especially the boots filled with armed men and began to be of very difficult access to all persons Yet this year he had success in Flanders and Dunkirk was surrendred into his hands and Lockhart General of the Forces there and his Kinsman made Governor thereof And now the Exit of this great Tyrant and Usurper draws near being ushered in with a Prodigy three Months before for on the 2 d of June a great Whale came up as far as Greenwich and was there killed His beloved Daughter Cleypool not long before him also dyed with an Ulcer in her Bladder which caused such acute pains that put her into a Feaver and in her raving Fits she much call'd upon that bloody Tyrant her Father for she had been a Suitor for Dr. Hewet's life knowing his Innocency but was denied which gave her a great disturbance being sensible of her Father's Tyrannick sway and Murtherous projects and of the Peoples hate towards him Her Death as they say went near his heart being about the beginning of August which with the troubles he saw were about to rise from the Officers of the Army fomented by Fleetwood who had Married his Daughter and Desborow who had Married his Sister gave him a fit of sickness being at Hampton-Court which he thought at first would pass over being only a Tertian feaver and his private Chaplains fasted and prayed with him and Goodwin openly declared that God had heard his prayers for him and he was assured he should not dye that bout but he was a false Prophet for his Feaver continuing with very ill symptoms the Physicians not so confident as the Priests caused him to be removed to White-Hall and he had been there but few dayes when they saw very plainly that he had but few dayes to live and this being made known to his Privy-Council they were all very much startled he finding himself now drawing towards his end on the 31 of August he caused all people to go out of his Chamber but Goodwin and Thurlo to whom he declared that he nominated his eldest Son Richard Cromwell to succeed him but these thinking it too great a thing to be communicated to them alone advised him to have more Witnesses lest they should not be credited in so great a concern He then bid them to send for the Council of 9 which were those he privately managed his more secret concerns by and these were Fleetwood Fiennes Desborow Whaly Thurlo Lawrence Berry Cooper and Goff most of this Junto being come to him he declared that it was his will that his Son Richard should succeed him as Protector Fleetwood bit his lips having been fool'd into hopes of the Protectorship as well as Lambert but little was then said and on the 3 d day of September 1658 memorable to Oliver for two great Victories Dunbar and Worcester he yielded to the great Victor Death and march'd off the Stage of this World in peace after he had trod it in Blood War Rapine Oppression Cruelty Usurpation and Tyranny Though the report went the Devil fetch'd him away in the storm which the night before his Death was so violent that many of the great Trees in St. James's Park were blown up by the Roots and that he had seven years before made a Compact with the Devil that he might obtain the Dominion of the three Kingdoms and not be prevailed against but these are Stories and God's Providence unsearchable I have already given a character of this Man and a short account of some passages of his Life before he ascended to his Greatness He was no doubt a man of extraordinary parts and raised up by God for such great undertakings as a scourge to this Nation which was full of evil humours and had entertained a spirit of Rebellion against both God the Church and the King and that they might behold their errors by those dismal effects that followed upon their unnatural Rebellion